abactor

pt-noun

abactor m (plural abactores, feminine abactora, feminine plural abactoras)

abactores (plural)
abactora (feminine)
abactoras (feminine plural)


abortionist

(chiefly derogatory) A person who advocates for or supports the legality of abortion.


raptor

la-noun

raptor m (genitive raptōris); third declension

raptōris (genitive)
raptor (nominative singular)
raptōrēs (nominative plural)
raptōris (genitive singular)
raptōrum (genitive plural)
raptōrī (dative singular)
raptōribus (dative plural)
raptōrem (accusative singular)
raptōrēs (accusative plural)
raptōre (ablative singular)
raptōribus (ablative plural)
raptor (singular vocative)
raptōrēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: raptor

→ English: raptor

→ Portuguese: raptor

→ Spanish: raptor

From rapiō (“seize, grab, snatch”) + -tor


pies

pies m animal or (canonical masculine person)
pies (nominative singular)
psy (nominative plural)
psa (genitive singular)
psów (genitive plural)
psu (dative singular)
psom (dative plural)
psa (accusative singular)
psy (accusative plural)
psów (accusative plural)
psem (instrumental singular)
psami (instrumental plural)
psie (locative singular)
psach (locative plural)
psie (singular vocative)
psy (plural vocative)

jak się chce psa uderzyć, to kij się znajdzie

(derogatory, law enforcement, slang) cop, policeman


abet

en-verb

abet (third-person singular simple present abets, present participle abetting, simple past and past participle abetted)

abets (present singular third-person)
abetting (participle present)
abetted (participle past)
abetted (past)

From Middle English abetten, abette, from Old French abeter (“to entice”), from a- (“to”) + beter (“hound on, urge, to bait”), either from Middle Dutch bētan (“incite”) or from Old Norse beita (“to cause to bite, bait, incite”), from Proto-Germanic *baitijaną (“to cause to bite”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”). Cognate with Icelandic beita (“to set dogs on; to feed”).
Alternate etymology traces the Middle English and Old French words through Old English *ābǣtan (“to hound on”), from ā- + bǣtan (“to bait”), from the same source (Proto-Germanic *baitijaną).
See also bait, bet.

cog

aid and abet

Those who would exalt themselves by abetting the strength of the Godless, and the wrength of the oppressors.

1823, John Galt, Ringan Gilhaize or The Covenanters:

The Statute provides that whoever has been engaged in aiding, abetting, or assisting, directly or indirectly, is criminal.

1851, Charles G. Davis, Report of the Proceedings at the Examination of Charles G. Davis, Esq., on the Charge of Aiding and Abetting in the Rescue of a Fugitive Slave, page 39:

In the matter of Treason the pig would appear / To have aided, but scarcely abetted: / While the charge of Insolvency fails, it is clear, If you grant the plea ‘never indebted.

1876, Lewis Carroll, The Hunting of the Snark […] , London: Macmillan, Fit the Sixth. The Barrister's Dream:

The brief, a motion for summary judgment in a case stemming from Fox’s egregiously false claims of Dominion-abetted election fraud, offers a portrait of extravagant cynicism.

2023 February 17, Michelle Goldberg, “What Fox News Says When You’re Not Listening”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

(transitive, crime) To incite; to assist or encourage by aid or countenance in crime.


PM

polisi militer
polisi militer#Indonesian

(military, law enforcement) initialism of polisi militer (“military police”).


FBI

→ Arabic: إِف بِي أَي (ʔif bī ʔay)

→ Bulgarian: ФБР (FBR)

→ Dutch: FBI

→ French: FBI

→ Galician: FBI

desc

→ Hindi: एफ़ बी आई (ef bī āī)

→ Hindi: एफ़ बी आई (ef bī āī)

→ Indonesian: FBI

→ Japanese: エフ・ビー・アイ

→ Japanese: エフ・ビー・アイ

→ Marathi: एफ्.बी.आय्. (eph.bī.āy.)

→ Persian: افبیآی

→ Portuguese: FBI

→ Romanian: FBI

→ Russian: ФБР (FBR)

→ Thai: เอฟบีไอ

→ Thai: เอฟบีไอ

The FBI began publishing national quarterly crime reports last year, but has not done so for the first two quarters of 2021, stating that they require at least 60% of agencies to submit NIBRS data in order to publish quarterly data.

2021 September 27, Priya Krishnakumar, “Murders rose sharply in 2020 but data is lacking across much of the country”, in CNN:

Federal Bureau of Investigation
Federal Bureau of Investigation#English

(US, law enforcement) Initialism of Federal Bureau of Investigation.


alphabet

From Middle English alphabete, borrowed from Late Latin alphabētum, from Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos), from ἄλφα (álpha) and βῆτα (bêta), the names of the first two letters of the Greek alphabet, Α (A) and Β (B), lowercase forms α and β. The Greek names derived from aleph, the name of the Phoenician letter 𐤀 (ʾ, “ox”) and beth, the name of the letter 𐤁 (b, “house”), so called because they were pictograms of those objects, having developed from the Egyptian hieroglyphs F1 (𓃾) and pr (𓉐).
 Doublet of alfabeto.

(Internet slang, politics) An agent of the FBI, the CIA, or another such government agency.


deal

Quelques jours après l’assassinat d’un homme sous les yeux de son fils de 8 ans, le quartier semble à l’arrêt sans qu’aucune solution pérenne ne se dessine pour lutter contre les violences liées au deal.


lapidation

en-noun

lapidation (countable and uncountable, plural lapidations)

/ˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/

The five women on trial were almost all activists for the full repeal (not just a moratorium) of lapidation, ie stoning, from Iran’s law books.

2007 March 6, “International Women’s Day, another day of repression for women”, in 亚州新闻:

(law) The practice or act of stoning, sometimes to the point of death, as punishment


lapidation

Learned borrowing from Latin lapidātiōnem. Morphologically, from lapider + -ation.


book

en-verb

book (third-person singular simple present books, present participle booking, simple past and past participle booked)

books (present singular third-person)
booking (participle present)
booked (participle past)
booked (past)

From Middle English booken, boken, from Old English bōcian, ġebōcian, from the noun (see above).

The police booked him for driving too fast.

(law enforcement, transitive) To record the name and other details of a suspected offender and the offence for later judicial action.


rape

rape (third-person singular simple present rapes, present participle raping, simple past and past participle raped)

rapes (present singular third-person)
raping (participle present)
raped (participle past)
raped (past)

From Middle English rapen, rappen (“to abduct; ravish; seduce; rape; seize; snatch; carry off; transport”), probably from Latin rapere (verb), possibly through or influenced by Anglo-Norman rap, rape (noun) (compare also ravish). But compare Swedish rappa (“to snatch, seize, carry off”), Low German rapen (“to snatch, seize”), Dutch rapen (“to pick up, gather, collect”); the relationship with Germanic forms is not clear. Cognate with Lithuanian reikėti (“to be in need”). Compare also rap (“seize, snatch”). Further, some senses may be from Etymology 3, an Old Norse word.

smadre

cause damage, destruction to a countryside, nature etc

I raped your richest roadstead—I plundered Singapore!

1892, Rudyard Kipling, Barrack-Room Ballads:

They come out here in their perky little foreign cars, fifty pounds of American copper in each one, and tell us we're earth-raping monsters.

We've raped the land for power and possession / Two thousand years and all we'll have is a planetary toxic deathbed

(transitive) To plunder, to destroy or despoil.


SARS

Special Anti-Robbery Squad
w:Special Anti-Robbery Squad

(Nigeria, law enforcement) Initialism of Special Anti-Robbery Squad, a Nigerian police unit known for police brutality and corruption


deuce

From Middle English dewes (“two”), from Anglo-Norman, from Old French deus, from Latin duo. The word was used by Ford to describe a model of car they made in 1932 due to it being a two-seater.

(Canada, US, slang) A piece of excrement; number two.

The number two.
A piece of excrement; number two.

Bisexual male, 28, doing a deuce in a segregated housing unit due to positive HIV test result, seeks correspondence from both genders.

1988 December 25, Eric Peterson, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, volume 16, number 24, page 14:

(Canada, slang) A two-year prison sentence.

The number two.
A two-year prison sentence.


counterfeit

From Middle English counterfeit, countrefet, from Anglo-Norman countrefait, from Old French contrefait, from Latin contra- (“against”) + Latin facere (“to make”).

Thou drawest a counterfeit / Best in all Athens.

c. 1605–1608, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

Even Nature's self envied the same, / And grudged to see the counterfeit should shame / The thing itself.

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

(obsolete) That which resembles another thing; a likeness; a portrait; a counterpart.


war

en-noun

war (countable and uncountable, plural wars)

From Middle English werre, from Late Old English werre, wyrre (“armed conflict”), from Old Northern French werre (compare modern French guerre), from Medieval Latin werra, from Frankish *werru (“confusion; quarrel”), from Proto-Indo-European *wers- (“to mix up, confuse, beat, thresh”). Gradually displaced native Old English beadu, hild, ġewinn, orleġe, wīġ, and many others as the general term for "war" during the Middle English period.
Related to Old High German werra (“confusion, strife, quarrel”) and German verwirren (“to confuse”), but not to Wehr (“defense”). Also related to Old Saxon werran (“to confuse, perplex”), Dutch war (“confusion, disarray”), West Frisian war (“confusion”),
Old English wyrsa, wiersa (“worse”), Old Norse verri (“worse, orig. confounded, mixed up”), Italian guerra (“war”). There may be a connection with worse and wurst.

cog

Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River

Washington Crossing the Delaware (1851 painting)

turf war... gang war... Castellammarese War...

(countable, by extension) Any protracted conflict, particularly

(crime) A prolonged conflict between two groups of organized criminals, usually over organizational or territorial control.


yegg

en-verb

yegg (third-person singular simple present yeggs, present participle yegging, simple past and past participle yegged)

yeggs (present singular third-person)
yegging (participle present)
yegged (participle past)
yegged (past)

The bookmakers were yegged as they left the track in the era of the hand-books.

1956, Ian Fleming, chapter 10, in Diamonds Are Forever:


prisoner of war

en-noun

prisoner of war (plural prisoners of war)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-PerfectSoundWhatever-prisoner of war.wav

Calque of French prisonnier de guerre, prisonier de guerre (obsolete).

As a prisoner of war, he was interrogated by his enemy captors.

A combatant or soldier who is captured by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

rob lufte

combatant or soldier captured by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict


kill

en-verb

kill (third-person singular simple present kills, present participle killing, simple past and past participle killed)

kills (present singular third-person)
killing (participle present)
killed (participle past)
killed (past)
kill (infinitive)

From Middle English killen, kyllen, cüllen (“to strike, beat, cut”), of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots kele, keil (“to kill”).
* Perhaps from Old English *cyllan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwulljan, from Proto-Germanic *kwuljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to throw, hit, hurt by throwing”).
* Or, possibly a variant of Old English cwellan (“to kill, murder, execute”) (see quell).
* Or, from Old Norse kolla (“to hit on the head, harm”), related to Norwegian kylla (“to poll”), Middle Dutch kollen (“to knock down”), Icelandic kollur (“top, head”); see also coll, cole).
Compare also Saterland Frisian källe (“to hurt”), Middle Dutch kellen (“to kill, hurt”), Middle Low German kellen, killen (“to ache strongly, cause one great pain”), Middle High German kellen (“to torment; torture”).

cog

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

Smoking kills more people each year than alcohol and drugs combined.

A Troope of Horſe with Felt: Ile put't in proofe, / And when I haue ſtolne vpon theſe Son in Lawes, / Then kill, kill, kill, kill, kill, kill.

c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vi], page 304:

Stephano: Monſter, I will kill this man : his daughter and I will be King and Queene, ſave our Graces : and Trinculo and thy ſelfe ſhall be Vice-royes : […]

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 12:

Indeed, referring to his drone murder extermination campaign Obama bragged: "I'm really good at killing people!" Those are Obama's own words!

2021, Francis A. Boyle, World Politics, Human Rights, and International Law, page 9:

(transitive) To put to death; to extinguish the life of.


German

en-noun

German (countable and uncountable, plural Germans)

/ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/

From Latin Germānus, Germānī (“the peoples of Germānia”), as distinct from Gauls (in the writings of Caesar and Tacitus), and of uncertain ultimate origin (possibly Celtic/Gaulish).
Not related to german (“closely related”) or germane (from the Latin adjective germānus, through Old French).
Attested since at least 1520. Replaced the older terms Almain and Dutch (from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz) in English. Besides cognates of German, Almain, and Dutch, two other categories of words for the Germans in other languages are cognates of Saxon and descendants of Proto-Slavic *němьcь; see those entries for more.
The surname is generally from the noun, though sometimes confused with Herman, Hermann under Russian influence. As a German surname, Americanized from Germann. Compare Germán, Germain, Jerman.

There are some 32 different terms for prison officers, from the humorously affectionate kanga(rhyming slang:kangaroo = screw) and the variants Scooby-Doo and Dr. Who via the mildly confrontational German (as if still the enemy over 50 years after World War II!) to the outright abuse of shit-parcel.

1996, Angela Devlin, Prison Patter, Waterside Press, →ISBN:


handcuffs

1775, from hand + cuff (“end of shirtsleeve”).
Possibly influenced by Old English handcops, from hand + cops (“fetter, chains”), but due to lack of continuity (centuries between Old English and modern term), generally analyzed as a re-invention.

Security is tight inside and outside the building, guarded by a bewildering collection of soldiers, policemen and gendarmes. Relatives watch as prisoners in handcuffs and leg irons shuffle past.

2014 November 27, Ian Black, “Courts kept busy as Jordan works to crush support for Isis”, in The Guardian:

A fastening consisting of two metal rings, designed to go around a person's wrists, and connected by a chain or hinge.


DC

DC (countable and uncountable, plural DCs)

detective constable
detective constable#English

(law enforcement) Initialism of detective constable, a police rank used in Commonwealth countries.


MS

MS (countable and uncountable, plural MSes)

(criminology) Initialism of murder-suicide.


AC

assistant commissioner
assistant commissioner#English

(UK, law enforcement) Initialism of assistant commissioner, a police rank used in London's Metropolitan Police.


CS

chief superintendent
w:chief superintendent

(UK, law enforcement) Initialism of chief superintendent.


SP

SP (countable and uncountable, plural SPs)

(law enforcement) Abbreviation of superintendent.


mill

Sranan Tongo: miri

→ Hindi: मिल (mil)

From Middle English mylne, mille, from Old English mylen, from Proto-West Germanic *mulīnu (“mill”), from Late Latin molīna, molīnum, molīnus (“mill”), from Latin molō (“grind, mill”, verb), closely allied to Proto-Germanic *muljaną (“to crush, grind”) (see English millstone). Perhaps cognate with Milne (a surname). Doublet of moline and moulin.

cog

every miller draws water to his own mill

the mill cannot grind with water that is past

(World War I– World War II, US military slang) A military prison, either guardhouse or post prison.


CI

en-noun

CI (countable and uncountable, plural CIs)

(law enforcement) Initialism of chief inspector, a police rank used in Commonwealth countries.

confidential informant
confidential informant#English

(law enforcement) Initialism of confidential informant.


CO

corrections officer
corrections officer#English

(US, law enforcement) Initialism of corrections officer.

correctional officer
correctional officer#English

(US, law enforcement) Initialism of correctional officer.


AR

AR (countable and uncountable, plural ARs)


IA

IA (countable and uncountable, plural IAs)

internal affairs
internal affairs#English

(law enforcement) Initialism of internal affairs. (a department responsible for investigating complaints against police officers)


SD

(law enforcement) Initialism of sheriff's department.


hole

→ Japanese: ホール (hōru)

→ Korean: 홀 (hol)

Sranan Tongo: olo

Inherited from Middle English hole, hol, from Old English hol (“orifice, hollow place, cavity”), from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą (“hollow space, cavity”), noun derivative of Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”), which is of uncertain ultimate origin. Related to hollow.

отвор

orifice (see anus etc. for specific body cavities)

know one's ass from a hole in the ground

know one's head from a hole in the ground

know the difference between one's ass and a hole in the ground

In late December a Washington State prisoner was involved in a scuffle with a guard who was trying to take him into the hole.

1988 April 2, Ed Mead, “AIDS hysteria sweeps prison guards' union”, in Gay Community News, page 9:

Disciplinary actions can range from a mere write up to serious time in the hole.

2011, Ahmariah Jackson, IAtomic Seven, Locked Up but Not Locked Down:

Solitary confinement
solitary confinement

(informal, with "the") Solitary confinement, a high-security prison cell often used as punishment.


graffiti

en-noun

graffiti (usually uncountable, plural graffiti)

(archaeology, countable) Informal inscriptions, figure drawings, etc., as opposed to official inscriptions.


graffiti

head

graffiti c (singular definite graffitien, plural indefinite graffiti)

graffitien (definite singular)
graffiti (indefinite plural)

From Italian graffiti, plural of graffito.


graffiti

nl-noun

graffiti m (plural graffiti or graffiti's)

From Italian graffiti, plural of graffito. The pronunciation with /ɛ/ is pseudo-English.


graffiti

graffiti (nominative singular)
graffitit (nominative plural)
graffiti (accusative nominative singular)
graffitit (accusative nominative plural)
graffitin (accusative genitive singular)
graffitit (accusative genitive plural)
graffitin (genitive singular)
graffitien (genitive plural)
graffitia (partitive singular)
graffiteja (partitive plural)
graffitissa (inessive singular)
graffiteissa (inessive plural)
graffitista (elative singular)
graffiteista (elative plural)
graffitiin (illative singular)
graffiteihin (illative plural)
graffitilla (adessive singular)
graffiteilla (adessive plural)
graffitilta (ablative singular)
graffiteilta (ablative plural)
graffitille (allative singular)
graffiteille (allative plural)
graffitina (essive singular)
graffiteina (essive plural)
graffitiksi (singular translative)
graffiteiksi (plural translative)
graffititta (abessive singular)
graffiteitta (abessive plural)
graffitein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
graffitini (nominative singular)
graffitini (nominative plural)
graffitini (accusative nominative singular)
graffitini (accusative nominative plural)
graffitini (accusative genitive singular)
graffitini (accusative genitive plural)
graffitini (genitive singular)
graffitieni (genitive plural)
graffitiani (partitive singular)
graffitejani (partitive plural)
graffitissani (inessive singular)
graffiteissani (inessive plural)
graffitistani (elative singular)
graffiteistani (elative plural)
graffitiini (illative singular)
graffiteihini (illative plural)
graffitillani (adessive singular)
graffiteillani (adessive plural)
graffitiltani (ablative singular)
graffiteiltani (ablative plural)
graffitilleni (allative singular)
graffiteilleni (allative plural)
graffitinani (essive singular)
graffiteinani (essive plural)
graffitikseni (singular translative)
graffiteikseni (plural translative)
graffitittani (abessive singular)
graffiteittani (abessive plural)
graffiteineni (comitative plural)
graffitisi (nominative singular)
graffitisi (nominative plural)
graffitisi (accusative nominative singular)
graffitisi (accusative nominative plural)
graffitisi (accusative genitive singular)
graffitisi (accusative genitive plural)
graffitisi (genitive singular)
graffitiesi (genitive plural)
graffitiasi (partitive singular)
graffitejasi (partitive plural)
graffitissasi (inessive singular)
graffiteissasi (inessive plural)
graffitistasi (elative singular)
graffiteistasi (elative plural)
graffitiisi (illative singular)
graffiteihisi (illative plural)
graffitillasi (adessive singular)
graffiteillasi (adessive plural)
graffitiltasi (ablative singular)
graffiteiltasi (ablative plural)
graffitillesi (allative singular)
graffiteillesi (allative plural)
graffitinasi (essive singular)
graffiteinasi (essive plural)
graffitiksesi (singular translative)
graffiteiksesi (plural translative)
graffitittasi (abessive singular)
graffiteittasi (abessive plural)
graffiteinesi (comitative plural)
graffitimme (nominative singular)
graffitimme (nominative plural)
graffitimme (accusative nominative singular)
graffitimme (accusative nominative plural)
graffitimme (accusative genitive singular)
graffitimme (accusative genitive plural)
graffitimme (genitive singular)
graffitiemme (genitive plural)
graffitiamme (partitive singular)
graffitejamme (partitive plural)
graffitissamme (inessive singular)
graffiteissamme (inessive plural)
graffitistamme (elative singular)
graffiteistamme (elative plural)
graffitiimme (illative singular)
graffiteihimme (illative plural)
graffitillamme (adessive singular)
graffiteillamme (adessive plural)
graffitiltamme (ablative singular)
graffiteiltamme (ablative plural)
graffitillemme (allative singular)
graffiteillemme (allative plural)
graffitinamme (essive singular)
graffiteinamme (essive plural)
graffitiksemme (singular translative)
graffiteiksemme (plural translative)
graffitittamme (abessive singular)
graffiteittamme (abessive plural)
graffiteinemme (comitative plural)
graffitinne (nominative singular)
graffitinne (nominative plural)
graffitinne (accusative nominative singular)
graffitinne (accusative nominative plural)
graffitinne (accusative genitive singular)
graffitinne (accusative genitive plural)
graffitinne (genitive singular)
graffitienne (genitive plural)
graffitianne (partitive singular)
graffitejanne (partitive plural)
graffitissanne (inessive singular)
graffiteissanne (inessive plural)
graffitistanne (elative singular)
graffiteistanne (elative plural)
graffitiinne (illative singular)
graffiteihinne (illative plural)
graffitillanne (adessive singular)
graffiteillanne (adessive plural)
graffitiltanne (ablative singular)
graffiteiltanne (ablative plural)
graffitillenne (allative singular)
graffiteillenne (allative plural)
graffitinanne (essive singular)
graffiteinanne (essive plural)
graffitiksenne (singular translative)
graffiteiksenne (plural translative)
graffitittanne (abessive singular)
graffiteittanne (abessive plural)
graffiteinenne (comitative plural)
graffitinsa (nominative singular)
graffitinsa (nominative plural)
graffitinsa (accusative nominative singular)
graffitinsa (accusative nominative plural)
graffitinsa (accusative genitive singular)
graffitinsa (accusative genitive plural)
graffitinsa (genitive singular)
graffitiensa (genitive plural)
graffitiaan (partitive singular)
graffitiansa (partitive singular)
graffitejaan (partitive plural)
graffitejansa (partitive plural)
graffitissaan (inessive singular)
graffitissansa (inessive singular)
graffiteissaan (inessive plural)
graffiteissansa (inessive plural)
graffitistaan (elative singular)
graffitistansa (elative singular)
graffiteistaan (elative plural)
graffiteistansa (elative plural)
graffitiinsa (illative singular)
graffiteihinsa (illative plural)
graffitillaan (adessive singular)
graffitillansa (adessive singular)
graffiteillaan (adessive plural)
graffiteillansa (adessive plural)
graffitiltaan (ablative singular)
graffitiltansa (ablative singular)
graffiteiltaan (ablative plural)
graffiteiltansa (ablative plural)
graffitilleen (allative singular)
graffitillensa (allative singular)
graffiteilleen (allative plural)
graffiteillensa (allative plural)
graffitinaan (essive singular)
graffitinansa (essive singular)
graffiteinaan (essive plural)
graffiteinansa (essive plural)
graffitikseen (singular translative)
graffitiksensa (singular translative)
graffiteikseen (plural translative)
graffiteiksensa (plural translative)
graffitittaan (abessive singular)
graffitittansa (abessive singular)
graffiteittaan (abessive plural)
graffiteittansa (abessive plural)
graffiteineen (comitative plural)
graffiteinensa (comitative plural)


graffiti

fr-noun

graffiti m (countable and uncountable, plural graffitis)


graffiti

graffitien (definite singular)
graffitier (indefinite plural)
graffitiene (definite plural)


graffiti

graffitien (definite singular)
graffitiar (indefinite plural)
graffitiane (definite plural)


graffiti

Internationalism; compare English graffiti, French graffiti, German Graffiti, ultimately from Italian graffiti.

(archaeology) graffiti (informal inscriptions, figure drawings, etc., as opposed to official inscriptions)


graffiti

graffiti (accusative indefinite nominative)
graffitiul (accusative definite nominative)
graffiti (indefinite)
graffitiului (definite)
graffitiule (vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian graffito.


graffiti

Unadapted borrowing from Italian graffiti.


graffiti

graffiti (indefinite nominative singular)


graft

en-noun

graft (countable and uncountable, plural grafts)

Uncertain. Some lexicographers suggest an extended use of Etymology 2, above, expanding from “digging” to work more generally, and from there to dishonest work. Others, however, suggest an extension from Etymology 1, shifting from “a shoot or scion” to the notion of corruption through the idea of excrescence.

(uncountable) Corruption in official life.


copper

From cop (“to take, capture, seize”) + -er (agent noun suffix).

af

One evening as I was lying down in Leicester Square / I was picked up by the coppers and kicked in the balls

1985, Shane MacGowan (lyrics and music), “The Old Main Drag”, in Rum Sodomy & the Lash, performed by The Pogues:

(slang, law enforcement) A police officer.


Zulu

(law enforcement, slang) police helicopter


狗

Wutunhua: gek

Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːʔ): semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).
From some language ancestral to modern Hmong-Mien languages, from Proto-Hmong-Mien *qluwˣ (“dog”), perhaps from Proto-Austronesian *(u-)(ŋ)kuɣkuɣ (“dog”) (Norman, 1988; Benedict, 1996).
Alternatively, STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (“dog”), whence also 犬 (OC *kʰʷeːnʔ).
Less likely, it may be related to 駒 (OC *ko, “foal”), 羔 (OC *kluː, “lamb”), 𤘽 (“calf”) (Wang, 1982).

Han compound

follow us to the dog house (=police headquarters) afterwards

jyun⁴ zo² gan¹ daai⁶ deoi⁶⁻² heoi³ gau² uk¹

完咗跟大隊去狗屋

完咗跟大队去狗屋

撚狗行動

撚狗行动

(derogatory) something or someone unpleasant

(Hong Kong, neologism, derogatory) police; pig; po-po

something or someone unpleasant
police; pig; po-po


beat

en-adj

beat (comparative more beat, superlative most beat)

more beat (comparative)
most beat (superlative)

beat poetry


pen

From Middle English pen, penne (“enclosure for animals”), from Old English penn (“enclosure, fold, pen”), from Proto-Germanic *pennō, *pannijō (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“pointed peg, nail, edge”). Related to pin.
Sense “prison” originally figurative extension to “enclosure for persons” (1845), later influenced by penitentiary (“prison”), being analyzed as an abbreviation (1884).

der

They caught him with a stolen horse, and he wound up in the pen again.

(slang) A penitentiary, i.e. a state or federal prison for convicted felons.


capital

From Middle English capital, borrowed partly from Old French capital and partly from Latin capitālis (“of the head”) (in sense “head of cattle”), from caput (“head”) (English cap) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives). Use in trade and finance originated in Medieval economies when a common but expensive transaction involved trading heads of cattle. The noun is from the adjective.
Compare chattel and kith and kine (“all one’s possessions”), which also use “cow” to mean “property”.
Doublet of cattle and chattel.

[ˈkʰæp.ɪ.ɾɫ̩]

capital punishment; capital murder

Neither could the Legiſlature in any thing more conſult the Publick Good, than by providing ſome effectual Remedy againſt this Evil, which in ſeveral Caſes deſerves greater Puniſhment than many Crimes that are capital among us.

1709, [Jonathan Swift], A Project for the Advancement of Religion, and the Reformation of Manners. […], London: […] Benj[amin] Tooke, […], →OCLC, pages 53–54:

to put to death a capital offender

1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:

Some 1,600 priests were deported, for example, while the total number of capital victims of the military commissions down to 1799 was only around 150.

2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 517:

(crime) Punishable by, or involving punishment by, death.

capital

punishable by, or involving punishment by, death


bust

en-verb

bust (third-person singular simple present busts, present participle busting, simple past and past participle busted or bust)

busts (present singular third-person)
busting (participle present)
busted (participle past)
busted (past)
bust (participle past)
bust (past)

From Middle English busten, a variant of Middle English bursten, bresten (“to burst”). Compare German Low German basten and barsten (“to burst”). More at burst.

(transitive, slang) To catch (someone) in the act of doing something wrong, socially and morally inappropriate, or illegal, especially when being done in a sneaky or secretive state.

betrap

(slang) to catch someone in the act of doing something wrong, socially and morally inappropriate, or illegal


bust

(slang) A police raid or takedown of a criminal enterprise.


slay

slay (third-person singular simple present slays, present participle slaying, simple past slew or slayed, past participle slain or slayed or (obsolete) yslain)

slays (present singular third-person)
slaying (participle present)
slew (past)
slayed (past)
slain (participle past)
slayed (participle past)
yslain (obsolete participle past)

From Middle English sleen, slayn, from Old English slēan (“to strike, beat, smite, stamp, forge, sting, slay, kill, impact”), from Proto-West Germanic *slahan, from Proto-Germanic *slahaną (“to fight, strike, kill”), from Proto-Indo-European *slak- (“to hit, strike, throw”).
Cognate with Dutch slaan (“to beat, hit, strike”), Low German slaan (“hit, strike”), German schlagen (“to beat, hit, strike”), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish slå (“to knock, beat, strike”), Icelandic slá (“to strike”). Related to slaughter, onslaught.

cog

The knight slew the dragon.

Our foes must all be slain.

In the meane time it chaunced, that Marcus Papyrius ſtroke one of the Galles on the heade with his ſtaffe, because he preſumed to ſtroke his bearde: with whiche iniurie the Gaulle beeing prouoked, ſlue Papyrius (as he ſate) with hys ſworde, and therewith the ſlaughter being begun with one, all the reſidue of thoſe auncient fatherly men as they ſat in theyr Chayres were ſlaine and cruelly murthered.

1577, Raphaell Holinshed, “The Historie of Englande”, in The Firste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […], volume I, London: […] [Henry Bynneman] for Iohn Harrison, →OCLC, page 26, columns 1–2:

The Prince of Morocco:
[…]By this scimitar,
That slew the Sophy and a Persian prince
That won three fields of Sultan Solyman,
I would outstare the sternest eyes that look,
Outbrave the heart most daring on earth,
Pluck the young sucking cubs from the she-bear,
Yea, mock the lion when he roars for prey,
To win thee, lady. […]

c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

Slay not your children, fearing a fall to poverty, We shall provide for them and for you. Lo! the slaying of them is great sin.

1930, Marmaduke Pickthall, transl., The Meaning of the Glorious Koran, surah 17, verse 31:

"This is a graph of the death rate from infectious disease in this country. The heroes of my field have slain one of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. While the heroes of your field gathered in the desert to create a new one."

2015 May 4, Randall Munroe, xkcd (webcomic), Degree-Off:

(transitive, now literary) To kill; to murder.


crime

en-noun

crime (countable and uncountable, plural crimes)

From Middle English cryme, crime, from Old French crime, crimne, from Latin crīmen. Displaced native Old English firen.

(uncountable) Criminal acts collectively.


cell

cy-noun

cell f (plural celloedd, diminutive cellan)

celloedd (plural)
cellan (diminutive)
cell
gell (soft)
nghell
chell

From Middle Welsh kell, from Proto-Brythonic *kell, from Latin cella.


make

en-verb

make (third-person singular simple present makes, present participle making, simple past and past participle made or (dialectal or obsolete) maked)

makes (present singular third-person)
making (participle present)
made (participle past)
made (past)
maked (dialectal obsolete participle past)
maked (dialectal obsolete past)
make (infinitive)

From Middle English maken, from Old English macian (“to make, build, work”), from Proto-West Germanic *makōn (“to make, build, work”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ- (“to knead, mix, make”).
Related to match.
cognates
* Scots mak (“to make”)
* Saterland Frisian moakje (“to make”)
* West Frisian meitsje (“to make”)
* Dutch maken (“to make”)
* Dutch Low Saxon maken (“to make”)
* German Low German maken (“to make”)
* German machen (“to make, do”)
* Danish mage (“to make, arrange (in a certain way)”)
* Latin mācerō, macer
* Ancient Greek μάσσω (mássō)

elér

with definite conjugation and a subordinate clause

don't get your honey where you make your money

it takes a heap of living to make a house a home

it takes a heap o' livin' to make a house a home

it takes a lot of living to make a house a home

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make lofty ships carry low sails

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make tall ships carry low sails

you can't make an omelette without breaking eggs

you can't make a silk purse of a sow's ear

you've got to crack a few eggs to make an omelette

I caught sight of him two or three times and then made him turning north into Laurel Canyon Drive.

1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 33:

Linus Caldwell: Well, she just made Danny and Yen, which means in the next 48 hours the three o' your pictures are gonna be in every police station in Europe.

2004, George Nolfi et al., Ocean's Twelve, Warner Bros. Pictures, 0:50:30

David Sinclair: (walking) Almost at Seventh; I should have a visual any second now. (rounds a corner, almost collides into Kaleed Asan) Damn, that was close.
Don Eppes: David, he make you?
David Sinclair: No, I don't think so.

2007 May 4, Andrew Dettmann et al., "Under Pressure", episode 3-22 of Numb3rs, 00:01:16

(transitive, US slang, crime, law enforcement) To recognise, identify, spot.


bubble

Partly imitative, also influenced by burble. Compare Middle Dutch bobbe (“bubble”) > Dutch bubbel (“bubble”), Low German bubbel (“bubble”), Danish boble (“bubble”), Swedish bubbla (“bubble”). The word was first used in its economic sense in association with the collapse of the South Sea Company in 1720, based on the metaphor of an inflated soap bubble bursting.

onom

imitative

Later that day, the unit was staffed with only one officer, who was required to stay in the bubble.

1998, District of Columbia Appropriations for 1998: Hearings:

An officer's station in a prison dormitory, affording views on all sides.


sat

(law enforcement) Clipping of satuan (“unit”).


bull

en-noun

bull (countable and uncountable, plural bulls)

bear

investor who sells in anticipation of a fall in prices

From Middle English bole, bul, bule, from a conflation of Old English bula (“bull, steer”) and Old Norse boli, both from Proto-Germanic *bulô (“bull”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥no-, from *bʰel- (“to blow, swell up”). Cognate with West Frisian bolle, Dutch bul, German Low German Bull, German Bulle, Swedish bulla; also Old Irish ball (“limb”), Latin follis (“bellows, leather bag”), Thracian βόλινθος (vólinthos, “wild bull”), Macedonian вол (vol, "ox"), Slovene vol ("ox"), Albanian buall (“buffalo”) or related bolle (“testicles”), Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “penis”).

cog

rozzer. See also Thesaurus:police officer


bull

From Middle English bulle, from Old French bulle, from Latin bulla, from Gaulish. Doublet of bull (“bubble”) and bulla.

A papal bull, an official document or edict from the Pope.


down

en-adj

down (comparative more down, superlative most down)

tlb

(chiefly predicative, but see usage notes)

more down (comparative)
most down (superlative)

From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. "down(wards)".

noncog

We have an officer down outside the suspect's house.

There are three soldiers down and one walking wounded.

(not comparable, military, law enforcement, slang, of a person) Wounded and unable to move normally, or killed.


sting

sting a sting (canonical)
stings (plural)

From Middle English stynge, sting, stenge, from Old English sting, stinċġ (“a sting, stab, thrust made with a pointed instrument; the wound made by a stab or sting”), from Proto-Germanic *stangiz.

The criminal gang was caught after a successful sting.

Shepard: I'm taking you in, Jax.
Turian Bodyguard: It's a sting. Bastard set us up.
Jax: What the hell are you playing at?

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Citadel:

(law enforcement) A police operation in which the police pretend to engage in criminal activity in order to catch a criminal.


boot

Solombala English: бучь (bučʹ)

→ Russian: бутса (butsa)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бу́це

Latin script: búce

→ Swahili: buti

From Middle English boote, bote (“shoe”), from Old French bote (“a high, thick shoe”). Of obscure origin, but probably related to Old French bot (“club-foot”), bot (“fat, short, blunt”), from Old Frankish *butt, from Proto-Germanic *buttaz, *butaz (“cut off, short, numb, blunt”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewt-, *bʰewd- (“to strike, push, shock”); if so, a doublet of butt. Compare Old Norse butt (“stump”), Low German butt (“blunt, plump”), Old English bytt (“small piece of land”), buttuc (“end”). More at buttock and debut.

cog

couldn't pour water out of a boot with the instructions on the heel

(US, military, law enforcement, slang) A recently arrived recruit; a rookie.


boot

en-verb

boot (third-person singular simple present boots, present participle booting, simple past and past participle booted)

boots (present singular third-person)
booting (participle present)
booted (participle past)
booted (past)

eruitgooien

computing: to eject from an online service

C4 run man through the alley
Get a man down with the swammy
Get a man down with the whammy
Boot couple niggas on the road
No face no case with the bally (booting)

2015 November 1, “Dem Man Know”, C4 (814) (lyrics):

(MLE, criminal slang) To shoot, to kill by gunfire.


criminal

From Middle English cryminal, borrowed from Anglo-Norman criminal, from Late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen (“crime”).

‘[…] There's every Staffordshire crime-piece ever made in this cabinet, and that's unique. The Van Hoyer Museum in New York hasn't that very rare second version of Maria Marten's Red Barn over there, nor the little Frederick George Manning—he was the criminal Dickens saw hanged on the roof of the gaol in Horsemonger Lane, by the way—’

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

A person who is guilty of a crime, notably breaking the law.

kriminele

person guilty of a crime, breaking the law


hit

hit (third-person singular simple present hits, present participle hitting, simple past hit or (dialectal, obsolete) hat or (rare, dialectal) het, past participle hit or (archaic, rare, dialectal) hitten)

hits (present singular third-person)
hitting (participle present)
hit (past)
hat (dialectal obsolete past)
het (dialectal past rare)
hit (participle past)
hitten (archaic dialectal participle past rare)

miss

antonym(s) of “manage to touch in the right place”

From Middle English hitten (“to hit, strike, make contact with”), from Old English hittan (“to meet with, come upon, fall in with”), from Old Norse hitta (“to strike, meet”), from Proto-Germanic *hittijaną (“to come upon, find”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂eyd- (“to fall; fall upon; hit; cut; hew”).
Cognate with Icelandic hitta (“to meet”), Danish hitte (“to find”), Latin caedō (“to kill”), Albanian qit (“to hit, throw, pull out, release”).

cog

don't let the door hit you on the way out

let the door hit you where the good Lord split you

not be able to hit the broad side of a barn

Hit him tonight and throw the body in the river.

FREDO: Mikey, why would they ever hit poor old Frankie Five-Angels? I loved that ole sonuvabitch.

1973, Mario Puzo, Francis Ford Coppola, The Godfather Part II (screenplay, second draft)

(transitive, slang) To kill a person, usually on the instructions of a third party.

murhata

to kill a person on the instructions of a third party


spin

en-verb

spin (third-person singular simple present spins, present participle spinning, simple past spun or (uncommon) span or (nonstandard) spinned, past participle spun or (nonstandard) spinned)

spins (present singular third-person)
spinning (participle present)
spun (past)
span (past uncommon)
spinned (nonstandard past)
spun (participle past)
spinned (nonstandard participle past)

From Middle English spinnen, from Old English spinnan, from Proto-Germanic *spinnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁-. Compare Low German spinnen, Dutch spinnen, German spinnen, Danish spinde, Swedish spinna.

But then again, unless someone struck lucky in those first few hours, there weren't even enough detectives to spin a drum [house].

(UK, law enforcement, slang, transitive) To search rapidly.


collar

collar (third-person singular simple present collars, present participle collaring, simple past and past participle collared)

collars (present singular third-person)
collaring (participle present)
collared (participle past)
collared (past)

From Middle English coler, borrowed from Old French coler (Modern French collier), from Late Latin collāre, from Latin collāris, from collum (“neck”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐍃 (hals, “neck”), Old English heals (“neck”). Compare Spanish cuello (“neck”). More at halse.

(law enforcement, transitive) To arrest.


tit

From Middle English tit, titte, tette, from Old English tit, titt, from Proto-West Germanic *titt, from Proto-Germanic *tittaz (“teat; nipple; breast”), of expressive origin.
Perhaps related to an original meaning “to suck”; compare Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-y-. Doublet of teat, which was borrowed from Old French.
Cognates
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tit, Dutch tiet, dialectal Dutch tet, German Zitze, Titte, Hunsrik Ditz, Yiddish ציצע (tsitse).

onomatopoeic

expressive

I have enjoyed taking to my writing bureau and writing about poverty, benefit reform and the coalition government in the manner of a shit Dickens, or Orwell, but with tits.

2012, Caitlin Moran, Moranthology, Ebury Press, published 2012, page 13:

Sanch tossed his head back, threw open his shirt, cupped his beanbag-shaped male breasts and jiggled them at us. Ford and I were laughing but Kat said, "I think they're the most beautiful tits."

Sun readers don't care who runs the country as long as she's got big tits.

1987, “A Conflict of Interest”, in Antony Jay, Jonathan Lynn, directors, Yes, Prime Minister, season 2, episode 4, spoken by Bernard Woolley (Derek Fowlds), BBC2:

(slang, vulgar, chiefly in the plural) A person's breast or nipple.

Look at that tit driving on the wrong side of the road!

I know a lot of tits, Guv'nor. But I don't know any quite as fucking stupid as these two.

2000, Guy Ritchie, Snatch (motion picture), spoken by Errol (Andy Beckwith):

“What did you say to the cops?”
“I told them everything about the smuggling ring.”
“Why the fuck did you do that?”
“They were nice to me.”
“They’re always nice to people they want to get information from, you dumb tit.”

2002, Dick Plamondon, Have You Ever Been Screwed, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 234:

John Watson (to Sherlock Holmes): It's Lestrade. Says they're all coming over here right now. Queuing up to slap on the handcuffs, every single officer you ever made feel like a tit. Which is a lot of people.

2012 January 15, Stephen Thompson, "The Reichenbach Fall", episode 2-3 of Sherlock, 00:52:46-00:52:55

“I asked Nandor and Colin Robinson to come with me on the first day because I didn't want the class to look too empty. But now I cannot get those two tits to leave.”

2023 August 17, Jeremy Levick & Rajat Suresh, “Hybrid Creatures” (5:12 from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 5, episode 7, spoken by Nadja of Antipaxos (Natasia Demetriou):

(UK, Ireland, derogatory, slang) An idiot; a fool.

(UK, Ireland, slang, derogatory) A police officer; a "tithead".


tit

Probably of North Germanic/Scandinavian origin; found earliest in titling and titmouse; compare Faroese títlingur, dialectal Norwegian titling (“small stockfish”).
Wikispecies

A chickadee; a small passerine bird of the genus Parus or the family Paridae, common in the Northern Hemisphere.

Any of various other small passerine birds.


cuckoo

en-verb

cuckoo (third-person singular simple present cuckoos, present participle cuckooing, simple past and past participle cuckooed)

cuckoos (present singular third-person)
cuckooing (participle present)
cuckooed (participle past)
cuckooed (past)

From Middle English cokkou, kokkow, cukkuk, gokkouȝ, probably from Old French cocu, coquu, cucu (whence French coucou); ultimately onomatopoeic of the song of the male Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), perhaps via Latin cucūlus (“cuckoo”). Compare dialectal English gowkoo (“cuckoo”). Displaced Middle English gnokken (“cuckoo”) and native Middle English yeke, ȝek (from Old English ġēac (“cuckoo”)), see English gowk.

She'll have been cuckooed. That'll be the Knezevics. They can't launder fast enough, so what do you do with it? Where do you put it? You hide it in somebody else's place; somebody who han't got a clue what's going on and couldn't do a fat lot about it if they did.

2023, Sally Wainwright, 26:06 from the start, in Happy Valley, season 3, episode 2, spoken by Catherine Cawood (Sarah Lancashire):

(UK, law enforcement) To take over the home of a vulnerable person for the purposes of carrying out organized crime in a concealed way.


ice

Bislama: aes

→ Brunei Malay: ais

→ Japanese: アイス (aisu)

→ Korean: 아이스 (aiseu)

→ Malay: ais

→ Marshallese: aej, aij

→ Sinhalese: අයිස් (ayis)

→ Tokelauan: aiha

From Middle English is, from Old English īs (“ice”), from Proto-West Germanic *īs, from Proto-Germanic *īsą (“ice”) from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH- (“ice, frost”).
Cognates
See also Saterland Frisian Íes, West Frisian iis, Dutch ijs, German Low German Ies, German Eis, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish is; also Lithuanian ýnis (“glazed frost”), Russian и́ней (ínej, “hoarfrost”), Ossetian их (ix), ех (ex, “ice”), Persian یخ (yax), Northern Kurdish qeş. Superseded non-native Middle English glace (“ice”), borrowed from Old French glace (“ice”).

der

Elephant or rhinoceros ivory that has been poached and sold on the black market.

An artifact that has been smuggled, especially one that is either clear or shiny.

Theater operators, theater party agents, playwrights, and others who have ready access to tickets may get in on the “ice” and sometimes the producer is in on it too.

1960, United States. Congress, Congressional Record:

This “ice” is bribe money paid to public officials to purchase protection for illegal activities. […] Just consider the “ice” money available to the men involved in the examples just cited.

1970, Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates:

There were times when she could tell the Washingtons were overwhelmed by Jahlil's difficult ways, and one time Jessie even had the nerve to ask Carmiesha if she had smoked anything like crack or ice while she was pregnant with him.

2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 122:

(drugs) The crystal form of amphetamine-based drugs.


cover

en-verb

cover (third-person singular simple present covers, present participle covering, simple past and past participle covered)

covers (present singular third-person)
covering (participle present)
covered (participle past)
covered (past)

→ German: covern

→ Danish: lave en cover

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Old Latin com
Latin cum
Latin con-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi
Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Latin operiō
Latin cooperiō
Old French covrirbor.
Middle English coveren
English cover
From Middle English coveren, borrowed from Old French covrir, cueuvrir (modern French couvrir), from Late Latin coperire, from Latin cooperiō (“I cover completely”), from co- (intensive prefix) + operiō (“I close, cover”). Displaced native Middle English thecchen and bethecchen (“to cover”) (from Old English þeccan, beþeccan (“to cover”)), Middle English helen, (over)helen, (for)helen (“to cover, conceal”) (from Old English helan (“to conceal, cover, hide”)), Middle English wrien, (be)wreon (“to cover”) (from Old English (be)wrēon (“to cover”)), Middle English hodren, hothren (“to cover up”) (from Low German hudren (“to cover up”)).
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the original sense of the verb and noun cover was “hide from view” as in its cognate covert. Except in the limited sense of “cover again”, the word recover is unrelated and is cognate with recuperate. Cognate with Spanish cubrir (“to cover”).

cog

(military, law enforcement, transitive) To protect using an aimed firearm and the threat of firing; or to protect using continuous, heaving fire at or in the direction of the enemy so as to force the enemy to remain in cover; or to threaten using an aimed firearm.


pull

en-verb

pull (third-person singular simple present pulls, present participle pulling, simple past and past participle pulled)

pulls (present singular third-person)
pulling (participle present)
pulled (participle past)
pulled (past)

push

antonym(s) of “apply force to (something) so it comes towards one”

-ʊl (accents with foot–goose merger or full–fool merger)

Verb from Middle English pullen, from Old English pullian (“to pull, draw, tug, pluck off”), of uncertain ultimate origin. Related to West Frisian pûlje (“to shell, husk”), Middle Dutch pullen (“to drink”), Middle Dutch polen (“to peel, strip”), Low German pulen (“to pick, pluck, pull, tear, strip off husks”), Icelandic púla (“to work hard, beat”).
Noun from Middle English pul, pull, pulle, from the verb pullen (“to pull”).

cog

it's not the whistle that pulls the train

pull someone's chestnuts out of the fire

The state trooper pulled me for going 60 in a 55 zone.

(transitive, law enforcement) To pull over (a driver or vehicle); to detain for a traffic stop.


burglary

en-noun

burglary (countable and uncountable, plural burglaries)

From New Latin burglaria. Equivalent to burglar + -y. Displaced native Old English hūsbryċe (literally “house-breach”).

ncog

breaking and entering
breaking and entering

The crime of unlawfully breaking into a vehicle, house, store, or other enclosure with the intent to steal.

(law) Under the common law, breaking and entering of the dwelling of another at night with the intent to commit a felony.


ring

→ French: ring
→ Romanian: ring

→ Hungarian: ring

→ Italian: ring

→ Japanese: リング

→ Polish: ring

→ Serbo-Croatian: ring

→ Spanish: ring

→ Turkish: ring

From Middle English ryng, from Old English hring (“ring, circle”), from Proto-West Germanic *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krengʰ-, extended nasalized form of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Doublet of rank and rink.
cognates
* West Frisian ring
* Low German Ring
* Dutch ring
* German Ring
* Swedish ring
* Finnish rengas

a crime ring; a prostitution ring; a bidding ring (at an auction sale)

the ruling ring at Constantinople

1877, Edward Augustus Freeman, The History of the Norman Conquest of England:

It's a blackmail ring, and the district attorneys get a share of the loot.

In a thread called “Calm Before the Storm”, and in subsequent posts, Q established his legend as a government insider with top security clearance who knew the truth about a secret struggle for power involving Donald Trump, the “deep state”, Robert Mueller, the Clintons, pedophile rings, and other stuff.

2018 July 31, Julia Carrie Wong, “What is QAnon? Explaining the bizarre rightwing conspiracy theory”, in The Guardian:

An exclusive group of people, usually involving some unethical or illegal practices.


box

en-noun

box (plural boxes or (nonstandard, computing, humorous) boxen)

boxes (plural)
boxen (humorous nonstandard plural)

Tok Pisin: bokis

→ Afrikaans: boks

→ Bengali: বাক্স (bakśo)

→ Bulgarian: бокс (boks)

→ Crimean Tatar: boks

→ Danish: boks

→ Dutch: box m

→ Faroese: boks

→ French: box m

→ German: Box f

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बकस m (bakas), बक्सा m (baksā)

Urdu: بکس m (baks, bakas)

→ Icelandic: box n

→ Indonesian: boks

→ Irish: bosca m

→ Italian: box m

→ Japanese: ボックス (bokkusu)

→ Korean: 박스 (bakseu)

→ Maori: pāka

→ Marwari: बकस (baks, bakas)

→ Nepali: बाकस (bākas)

→ Norman: bosc m

→ Norwegian: boks m

→ Pashto: بکس (baks)

→ Persian: باکس (bâks)

→ Polish: boks m

→ Portuguese: box m

→ Russian: бокс m (boks)

→ Scottish Gaelic: bogsa m, bocsa

→ Spanish: box m

→ Swedish: box c

→ Welsh: bocs

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek πῠ́ξος (púxos)
Ancient Greek -ις (-is)
Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís)bor.
Late Latin buxisbor.
Proto-West Germanic *buhsā
Old English box
Middle English box
English box
From Middle English box (“container, box, cup”), from Old English box (“box, case”), from Proto-West Germanic *buhsā (“box”) from Late Latin buxis (“box”), Latin pyxis (“small box for medicines or toiletries”), of uncertain origin; compare Ancient Greek πύξος (púxos, “box or tablet made of boxwood; box; cylinder”) and Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís, “box or tablet made of boxwood; box; cylinder”). Doublet of piseog, pyx, and pyxis.
Cognate with Middle Dutch bosse, busse (“jar; tin; round box”) (modern Dutch bos (“wood, forest”), bus (“container, box; bushing of a wheel”)), Old High German buhsa (Middle High German buhse, bühse, modern German Büchse (“box; can”)), Swedish hjulbössa (“wheel-box”).
The humorous plural form boxen is from box + -en, by analogy with oxen.

rasia

compartment or receptacle for receiving items

ramme

rectangular border around an image, text, etc.

ruutu

small area on a document for a tick mark

tofu

empty box displayed by some computer systems in place of a character not supported by available fonts

“I dare say the sheriff, or the mayor and corporation, or some of those sort of people, would give him money enough, for the use of it, to run him up a mighty pretty neat little box somewhere near Richmond.”

1782, Frances Burney, Cecilia, III.vi.9:

Suburban villas, highway-ſide retreats, / That dread th' encroachment of our growing ſtreets, / Tight boxes, neatly ſaſh'd, and in a blaze / With all a July ſun's collected rays, / Delight the citizen, who gaſping there, / Breathes clouds of duſt and calls it country air.

1782, William Cowper, “Retirement”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 282:

What can a man know of a country or its people, who, merely passes through the former in a stage coach? […] Such were the arguments by which I induced myself to undertake a pedestrian trip to join my friend at his shooting-box, some hundred and fifty miles from Carlisle, where I had arrived from London; business compelling me to take that route.

[1840?], [John Mackay] Wilson, “The Runaway”, in Wilson’s Historical, Traditionary, and Imaginative Tales of the Borders, and of Scotland: […], volume VI, number 273, Manchester: Published by James Ainsworth, […]; London: E. T. Brain & Co., […]; New York, N.Y.: R. T. Shannon, →OCLC, page 97:

Senses relating to a three-dimensional object or space.


massacrer

massacrer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
massacrant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
massacré (participle past)
massacre (first-person indicative present singular)
massacres (indicative present second-person singular)
massacre (indicative present singular third-person)
massacrons (first-person indicative plural present)
massacrez (indicative plural present second-person)
massacrent (indicative plural present third-person)
massacrais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
massacrais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
massacrait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
massacrions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
massacriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
massacraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
massacrai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
massacras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
massacra (historic indicative past singular third-person)
massacrâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
massacrâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
massacrèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
massacrerai (first-person future indicative singular)
massacreras (future indicative second-person singular)
massacrera (future indicative singular third-person)
massacrerons (first-person future indicative plural)
massacrerez (future indicative plural second-person)
massacreront (future indicative plural third-person)
massacrerais (conditional first-person singular)
massacrerais (conditional second-person singular)
massacrerait (conditional singular third-person)
massacrerions (conditional first-person plural)
massacreriez (conditional plural second-person)
massacreraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
massacre (first-person present singular subjunctive)
massacres (present second-person singular subjunctive)
massacre (present singular subjunctive third-person)
massacrions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
massacriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
massacrent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
massacrasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
massacrasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
massacrât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
massacrassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
massacrassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
massacrassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
massacre (imperative second-person singular)
massacrons (first-person imperative plural)
massacrez (imperative plural second-person)

→ German: massakrieren

→ Italian: massacrare

→ Romanian: masacra

Inherited from Middle French massacrer, from Old French macecrer, macecler, probably from Vulgar Latin *matteuculāre, from *matteuca (whence French massue), from *mattea or Late Latin mattia, from Latin mateola (“hoe”).


loch

loszek (diminutive)
loch (nominative singular)
lochy (nominative plural)
lochu (genitive singular)
lochów (genitive plural)
lochowi (dative singular)
lochom (dative plural)
loch (accusative singular)
lochy (accusative plural)
lochem (instrumental singular)
lochami (instrumental plural)
lochu (locative singular)
lochach (locative plural)
lochu (singular vocative)
lochy (plural vocative)

dungeon (an underground prison or vault)


刖

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋroːd, *ŋod, *ŋuːd): phonetic 月 (OC *ŋod) + semantic 刂.
Related to 兀 (OC *ŋuːd, “to cut the feet”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

See also: 剕

(historical) to cut off one or both feet as a form of punishment, one of the 五刑 (wǔxíng, “Five Punishments”)


劓

(historical) punishment by cutting off the nose, one of the 五刑 (wǔxíng, “Five Punishments”)


massacre

en-noun

massacre (countable and uncountable, plural massacres)

1580, from Middle French massacre, from Old French macacre, marcacre, macecre, macecle (“slaughterhouse, butchery”), usually thought to be deverbal from Old French macecrer, macecler (“to slaughter”), though the noun seems to be attested somewhat earlier. It is also found in Medieval Latin mazacrium (“massacre, slaughter, killing”, also “the head of a newly killed stag”). Further origin disputed:
* From Latin macellum (“butcher shop”).
* From Vulgar Latin *matteuculāre, from *matteuca (cf. massue), from Late Latin mattea, mattia, from Latin mateola.
* From Middle Low German *matskelen (“to massacre”) (compare German metzeln (“massacre”)), frequentative of matsken, matzgen (“to cut, hew”), from Proto-West Germanic *maitan, from Proto-Germanic *maitaną (“to cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *mei- (“small”). Akin to Old High German meizan (“to cut”) among others.
* Note also Arabic مَجْزَرَة (majzara), originally “spot where animals are slaughtered”, now also “massacre”, and in Maghrebi Arabic “slaughterhouse”. Derived from جَزَرَ (jazara, “to cut, slaughter”).

der

The tyrannous and bloody act is done,—
The most arch deed of piteous massacre
That ever yet this land was guilty of.

c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):


massacre

→ Catalan: massacre

→ Danish: massakre

→ German: Massaker

→ Norwegian Bokmål: massakre

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: massakre

→ Portuguese: massacre

→ Spanish: masacre

Inherited from Middle French massacre, from the verb massacrer.


а

(criminal slang) he, she or it (used to point to a particular person)


bribe

From Middle English bribe, from Old French briber (“go begging”), from the noun bribe (“a gift”).

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours

c. 1613-1625, Henry Hobart, Yardly v. Ellill
Undue reward for anything against justice is a bribe.

The bribes I took did not influence me to become evil. I was evil from the beginning and the bribes were merely a bonus

2024 June 17, @InternetHippo, Twitter, archived from the original on 2024-06-29:

Something (usually money) given in exchange for influence or as an inducement to breaking the law.

လက်ဖက်ရည်ဖိုး (lakhpak-ranyhpui:, literally “tea money”)

ค่าน้ำร้อนน้ำชา (kâa-nám-rɔ́ɔn-nám-chaa, literally “cost of hot water and tea”)


stone

en-verb

stone (third-person singular simple present stones, present participle stoning, simple past and past participle stoned)

stones (present singular third-person)
stoning (participle present)
stoned (participle past)
stoned (past)

From Middle English ston, stone, stan, from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”).
See also West Frisian stien, Saterland Frisian Steen, Dutch steen, German Stein, Danish and Swedish sten, Norwegian stein; also Russian стена́ (stená, “wall”), Ancient Greek στία (stía, “pebble”), στέαρ (stéar, “tallow”), Albanian shtëng (“hardened or pressed matter”), Sanskrit स्त्यायते (styāyate, “it hardens”)). Doublet of stein.

cog

She got stoned to death after they found her.

55 But hee being full of the holy Ghost, looked vp stedfastly into heauen, and saw the glory of God, and Iesus standing on the right hand of God,
56 And said, Behold, I see the heauens opened, and the Sonne of man standing on the right hand of God.
57 Then they cried out with a loud voice, and stopped their eares, and ran vpon him with one accord,
58 And cast him out of the citie, and stoned him: and the witnesses layd downe their clothes at a yong mans feete, whose name was Saul.
59 And they stoned Steuen, calling vpon God, and saying, Lord Iesus receiue my spirit.
60 And he kneeled downe, and cried with a loud voice, Lord lay not this sinne to their charge. And when he had said this, he fell asleepe.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 7:55–60:

(transitive) To pelt with stones, especially to kill by pelting with stones.


牢

→ Manchu: ᠯᠣᠣ (loo)

→ Solon: lō

→ Zhuang: lauz

→ Vietnamese: rào

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 宀 (“pen; animal yard”) + 牛 (“cow”)

Han compound

抱牢勿放

捏牢

伊吃牢我。

(Northern Wu) indicates continuous aspect


牢

牢 (canonical)
rō (romanization)
rau (romanization)
らう (hiragana historical)


獄

From Middle Chinese 獄／狱 (ngjowk, “prison”).


獄

Compound of 人 (hito, “human”) + 屋 (ya, “house”).


犯

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (犯):
* → Japanese: 犯(はん) (han)
* → Korean: 범(犯) (beom)
* → Vietnamese: phạm (犯)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bomʔ): semantic 犬 + phonetic 𢎘 ().
"To pass over" > "to offend against, oppose". Compare 氾.
This character originally had bilabial nasal (*-m) final in Old and Middle Chinese, but had undergone dissimilation (from bilabial plosive *b-) to become *-n in most dialects. However, there are still some dialects that retain this feature, such as Meixian and Teochew dialect. Similar dissimilation happened in 帆 and 風.

Han compound

罪犯

俾個犯走甩咗呀！

俾个犯走甩咗呀！


盜

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 㳄 (“spitting man”) + 皿 (“dish”) – a man spitting into a dish, an oath among thieves.

盗
盗
𠉭
𠩼
𤋆
𤑂
𨹇
𨹒
𠪁

robber that commits large robberies or many robberies in an unrestrained manner

大盜

大盗

Robber Zhi (a legendary figure or fictional character)

盜跖

盗跖

海盜

海盗

to introduce bad people and bring disaster upon oneself

開門揖盜

开门揖盗


PS

en-noun

PS (countable and uncountable, plural PSes or PSs)

(law enforcement, Commonwealth) Initialism of police sergeant, a police rank used in Commonwealth countries.


EOD

(military, law enforcement) Initialism of explosive ordnance disposal.


罪

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 罒 (“net”) + 非 (“mistake”). The original version is 𦋛 and its original meaning was a net for fishing, then used instead of 辠 due to the similarity of the latter character to 皇, which represents the Emperor.
Unclear. Possibly of Sino-Tibetan origin and cognate with Mizo sual (“(adj.) bad, evil, vile, corrupt; (v. tr.) (to attempt) to criminally assault, to rape (a woman)”) (Schuessler, 2007).

cog

If you in the myriad regions commit offenses, these offenses must rest on my person.

The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

萬方有罪，罪在朕躬。

万方有罪，罪在朕躬。


cuerpo

Inherited from Old Spanish cuerpo, from Latin corpus, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱrep-. Doublet of the borrowing corpus.

(military, law enforcement) corps, force (e.g. army corps, police force)


hold up

en-verb

hold up (third-person singular simple present holds up, present participle holding up, simple past and past participle held up)

holds up (present singular third-person)
holding up (participle present)
held up (participle past)
held up (past)

The guy tried to hold up a bank.

(idiomatic) To detain by threatening, usually with a weapon, in order to commit robbery.


cop

* (cop): Borrowed from English cop.
* (friend): Clipping of copain.


PPV

en-noun

PPV (countable and uncountable, plural PPVs)

(law enforcement) Abbreviation of police pursuit vehicle.


nick

The noun is derived from Late Middle English nik (“notch, tally; nock of an arrow”). Its further etymology is unknown; a connection with nock (“notch in a bow to hold the bowstring; notch at the rear of an arrow that fits the bowstring; cleft in the buttocks”) has not been clearly established.
The verb appears to be derived from the noun, though the available evidence shows that some of the verb senses predate the noun senses. No connection with words in Germanic languages such as Danish nikke (“to nod”), Middle Dutch nicken (“to bend; to bow”) (modern Dutch knikken (“to nod”)), Middle Low German nicken (“to bend over; to sink”), Middle High German nicken (“to bend; to depress”) (modern German nicken (“to nod”)), Middle Low German knicken (“to bend; to snap”) (modern German knicken (“to bend; to break”), Old Frisian hnekka (“to nod”), and Swedish nicka (“to nod”), has been clearly established.

unknown

further etymology is unknown

cog

He was arrested and taken down to Sun Hill nick [police station] to be charged.

He’s just been released from Shadwell nick [prison] after doing ten years for attempted murder.

I recall too that the chats in the back of the [police] van weren't too bad as they dispatched me to the nick.

2014, Russell Brand, “I am an Anarchist-a”, in Revolution, New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 81:

Poor Billy, he got seven years and he died in the nick in Liverpool in January 1958. Tragedy, he was such a good man, the best. He had a big funeral back in Clerkenwell. Eva went to it. I was in the nick down south at the time.

2019 June 6, Frankie Fraser, James Morton, Mad Frank's Diary: The Confessions of Britain’s Most Notorious Villain, Random House, →ISBN:

“They say he's a friend of Stuart's who he met in the nick down south. No one in Brisbane knows him.” “Not that anyone would admit to it anyway.”

2021 March 23, William Stokes, The Riddle Exposed:: The Whiskey Firebombing's Link to the McCulkin Family Murders, Interactive Publications, →ISBN, page 80:

(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, law enforcement, slang) A police station or prison.


nick

en-verb

nick (third-person singular simple present nicks, present participle nicking, simple past and past participle nicked)

nicks (present singular third-person)
nicking (participle present)
nicked (participle past)
nicked (past)

unknown

further etymology is unknown

The police nicked him climbing over the fence of the house he’d broken into.

Flick knives were pulled on us, and the group demanded we give them all our money, and passports and everything else we had. [...] They [the police] had nicked the knife gang, (who had stayed there, beating the shit out of Nick), and found our passports.

2012, T. Appleby, “Die in Dunkirk or Somewhere in France”, in Life in the Harsh Lane: The Nine Lives, Mishaps, and Adventures of a No-body, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN, page 113:

[...] I was always getting nicked when I was a junkie, so I've had my fair share of skirmishes with the law.

(transitive, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, law enforcement, slang) To arrest.


corrupt

en-verb

corrupt (third-person singular simple present corrupts, present participle corrupting, simple past and past participle corrupted)

corrupts (present singular third-person)
corrupting (participle present)
corrupted (participle past)
corrupted (past)

From Middle English corrupten, derived from Latin corruptus, past participle of corrumpō (“to destroy, ruin, injure, spoil, corrupt, bribe”), from com- (“together”) + rumpō (“to break in pieces”).

he entrails, which are the parts aptest to corrupt

1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “VIII. Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

[…] Lanfrank takes Notice of Tract. 3. Doct. 3. cap. 18. ſaying, "I have ſeen many who being full of Humours, have made an Iſſue under the Knee, before due Purgation had been premis'd; whence, by reaſon of the too great Defluxion of Humours, the Legs tumified, ſo that the cauterized Place corrupted, and a Cancer (or rather cacoethic Ulcer) was thereby made, with which great Difficulty was cur'd."

1732, George Smith, Institutiones Chirurgicæ: or, Principles of Surgery, … To which is Annexed, a Chirurgical Dispensatory, …, London: Printed [by William Bowyer] for Henry Lintot, at the Cross-Keys against St. Dunstan's Church in Fleetstreet, →OCLC, page 254:

(archaic, intransitive) To become putrid, tainted, or otherwise impure; to putrefy; to rot.


tort

English: tort

Scots: tort

From Old French tort, from Latin tortum.


PC

en-noun

PC (countable and uncountable, plural PCs)

(law enforcement) Initialism of police constable, a police rank used in Commonwealth countries.

previous conviction
previous conviction#English

(UK, law enforcement) Initialism of previous conviction.


PC

Philippine Constabulary
w:Philippine Constabulary

(Philippines, law enforcement, historical) Initialism of Philippine Constabulary.


II

“When I came here eight years ago, it was easy to spot an II (illegal immigrant),” one British official here said. “They came across in dark navy clothes. Now, they come in designer T-shirts and Levis, and it’s hard to tell them from residents of Hong Kong.”

1987 April 11, Jim Mann, “Border Net Porous : Hong Kong: Old Magnet for Chinese”, in Los Angeles Times:

Hong Kong can also follow the international trend of phasing out the rule that a child born by an II will automatically be granted citizenship of the place where he or she is born, in order to eradicate the problems of stowaways and II children.

1995 February 22, parliamentary debates (Hong Kong Legislative Council), page 2228:

The spokesman urged the Mainlanders not to put their lives at risk because hiding underneath a goods vehicle is very dangerous. He also reiterated that all IIs caught will be repatriated immediately, and their aidors and abettors prosecuted accordingly.

1999 March 2, “Truck Driver Arrested for Arranging IIs to Hong Kong”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):

Conveying a wrong message that an II could not be repatriated once he succeeded in seeking legal aid for court proceedings on his ROA claim might result in a massive influx of IIs and large number of overstayers.

2000 January 18, parliamentary debates (Hong Kong Legislative Council), page 5:

When there is sudden rustling of grasses and the weather is calm, you may guess that there must be something moving in the grass patch but ...What is it? A bird? A dog? An II (Illegal Immigrant)? Or a porcupine?

2002 December 20, David Poon, “Ting Kok: a conservation issue”, in Porcupine, page 19:

illegal immigrant
illegal immigrant#English

(Hong Kong) Initialism of illegal immigrant.


II

/aːi̯⁵⁵ aːi̯⁵⁵/

/aːi̯⁵⁵ aːi̯⁵⁵/

Initialism of English illegal immigrant.

2004 June 13, “「I I」「中華龍」「架勢鱷」盡顯心思 市民爭賜鱷女芳名”, in 《太陽報》:

taa¹ dik¹ jat¹ faan¹ waa⁶, zik¹ si⁴ kap¹ jan⁵ si⁵ man⁴ wui⁴ jing³, zi³ din⁶ din⁶ toi⁴ tai⁴ gung¹ ji³ gin³, jat¹ ming⁴ au¹ sin¹ saang¹ bin⁶ tai⁴ ji⁵, siu² ngok⁶ si⁶ “fei¹ faat³ jap⁶ ging² ze², giu³ taa¹ “aai¹ aai¹” zeoi³ tip³ cit³ bat¹ gwo³”

他的一番話，即時吸引市民回應，致電電台提供意見，一名區先生便提議，小鱷是「非法入境者，叫牠「II」最貼切不過」

他的一番话，即时吸引市民回应，致电电台提供意见，一名区先生便提议，小鳄是「非法入境者，叫它「II」最贴切不过」

2016 September 12, “與人蛇錄口供 出動「三色雪糕」”, in 《大公報》:

“daai⁶ kiu¹” jyu⁵ fei¹ faat³ jap⁶ ging² ze² gaau¹ sau² (illegal immigrant, zuk⁶ cing¹ aai¹ aai¹) ging¹ jim⁶ fung¹ fu³, zung³ jan⁴ bat¹ joek³ ji⁴ tung⁴ jing³ wai⁴, luk⁶ ceoi² ging² gaai³ hau² gung¹ dik¹ gwo³ cing⁴ zeoi³ kwan³ naan⁴.

「大Q」與非法入境者交手（illegal immigrant，俗稱II）經驗豐富，眾人不約而同認為，錄取警誡口供的過程最困難。

「大Q」与非法入境者交手（illegal immigrant，俗称II）经验丰富，众人不约而同认为，录取警诫口供的过程最困难。

2018 February 24, “網民熱話：東龍洲露營遇山賊 牛腩鍋冰鮮鴨齊失蹤”, in 《東網》:

heoi³ dak¹ waan² lou⁶ jing⁴, lei⁵ jing¹ daai³ gau³ sik⁶ mat⁶, ho⁴ gu³ jiu³ tau¹? m⁴ tung¹ jau⁵ aai¹ aai¹?

去得玩露營，理應帶夠食物，何故要偷？唔通有ii？

去得玩露营，理应带够食物，何故要偷？唔通有ii？

2019 April 6, “【啹喀的後裔2】啹喀爸爸的退休生活 任家教會長、辦跑山慈善賽”, in 香港01:

gong² jing¹ zing³ fu² jyu¹ 1980 nin⁴ jan¹ jan⁴ hau² gap¹ zang¹, deoi³ zung¹ gwok³ fei¹ faat³ jap⁶ ging² ze² coi² ceoi² “zik¹ bou⁶ zik¹ gaai²”, ji⁵ hung³ zai³ bun² dei⁶ jan⁴ hau². mui⁵ tin¹ maan⁵ soeng⁶, gou¹ saan¹ siu³ nin⁴ dou¹ wui⁵ sau² zoi⁶ saa¹ tau⁴ gok³, man⁴ gam² dou⁶ dang² dik¹ saan¹ je⁵ gaan¹ “zuk¹ aai¹ aai¹”.

港英政府於1980年因人口急增，對中國非法入境者採取「即捕即解」，以控制本地人口。每天晚上，高山少年都會守在沙頭角、文錦渡等的山野間「捉II」。

港英政府于1980年因人口急增，对中国非法入境者采取「即捕即解」，以控制本地人口。每天晚上，高山少年都会守在沙头角、文锦渡等的山野间「捉II」。


crook

From Middle English croke, crok, from Old English *crōc (“hook, bend, crook”), from Proto-West Germanic *krōk, from Proto-Germanic *krōkaz (“bend, hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“tracery, basket, bend”).
Cognate with Dutch kreuk (“a bend, fold, wrinkle”), Middle Low German kroke, krake (“fold, wrinkle”), Danish krog (“crook, hook”), Swedish krok (“crook, hook”), Icelandic krókur (“hook”).

der

1973 November 17, Richard Nixon, reported 1973 November 18, The Washington Post, Nixon Tells Editors, ‘I'm Not a Crook’,
"People have got to know whether or not their President is a crook. Well, I′m not a crook. I′ve earned everything I′ve got."

A person who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things; a criminal.

fırıldaqçı

a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things


screw

From Middle English screw, scrue (“screw”); apparently, despite the difference in meaning, from Old French escroue (“nut, cylindrical socket, screwhole”), from Latin scrōfa (“female pig”) through comparison with the corkscrew shape of a pig's penis. There is also the Old French escruve (“screw”), from Old Dutch *scrūva ("screw"; whence Middle Dutch schruyve (“screw”)), which probably influenced or conflated with the aforementioned, resulting in the Middle English word.
more on the etymology of screw
Old French escroue (whence Medieval Latin scrofa (“nut, screwhole”)), is believed to be an adaptation of Latin scrōfa (“sow, female pig”); but this development is not found in other Romance languages. (For change in meaning, compare also Spanish puerca, Portuguese porca, both ‘sow; screw nut’, and is based on the fact that a boar's penis has a screw-like tip, making the sow's vulva equivalent to a screw nut by analogy).
Old Dutch *scrūva possibly derives from Proto-Germanic *skrūbō (“screw”), from *skru- (“to cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keru-, *(s)ker- (“to cut”), and is related to German Schraube (“screw”), Low German schruve, schruwe (“screw”), Dutch schroef (“screw”), West Frisian skroef (“screw”), Danish skrue (“screw”), Swedish skruv (“screw, peg”), Icelandic skrúfa (“screw”).
Compare also Occitan escrofa (“screw nut”), Calabrese scrufina (“screw nut”), which may be borrowings of the Old French word, or parallel developments.

gloss

"screw"; whence Middle Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="dum">schruyve</i> (“screw”)

cog

the first turn of the screw pays all debts

A device that has a helical function.
An Archimedes screw.

If I don't go back to my boy friend he'll be as mad as hell. He's a sulky brute, but Christ, he's a good screw.

1944, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter 5, in The Razor’s Edge […], 1st American edition, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Co., →OCLC, section ii, page 211:

"Swear it!" Kathleen screamed. "Let her know that she's just another screw. Because, darling, that's all you are. So go on, tell her!"

1990, Susan Lewis, Stolen Beginnings, HarperPaperbacks, published 1992, →ISBN, page 122:

She was just a girl, like any of the girls he had had so easily, just another screw.

1993, William Gill, Fortune's Child, HarperCollins Canada, published 1994, →ISBN, page 42:

Mary was Eli's favorite screw because she was clean, pretty, a good mother, funny, and alway was able to make herself available for their twice a week fucks as easily as he was.

2009, Sam Moffie, The Book of Eli, Mill City Press, published 2009, →ISBN, page 6:

(vulgar, slang) A casual sexual partner.


pyramid scheme

An illicit money-making investment scheme whereby early investors are paid primarily or wholly by later investors. Eventually all such schemes fail to the detriment of recent (later) investors.


Mountie

(Canada, informal, law enforcement) A member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

(Canada, informal, historical, law enforcement) A member of the North West Mounted Police

(US, informal, law enforcement) A law officer, particularly one patrolling rural highways.


venal

en-adj

venal (comparative more venal, superlative most venal)

more venal (comparative)
most venal (superlative)

Borrowed from French vénal, from Old French venel, from Latin vēnālis (“for sale”), from vēnum (“something for sale”); compare vend.

Though there is a disposition in mankind, to declaim against the corruption and peculation of the present times, as being more venal than formerly; yet, if we look back to different periods, we shall find statesmen and politicians, as selfish and corrupt, […] as those who have lately figured on the political stage.

1785, The Times, 9 Feb 1785, page 1, column C


disincarcerate

en-verb

disincarcerate (third-person singular simple present disincarcerates, present participle disincarcerating, simple past and past participle disincarcerated)

disincarcerates (present singular third-person)
disincarcerating (participle present)
disincarcerated (participle past)
disincarcerated (past)

(obsolete, transitive) To liberate from prison.


shanghai

shanghai (third-person singular simple present shanghais, present participle shanghaiing, simple past and past participle shanghaied or shanghai'd)

shanghais (present singular third-person)
shanghaiing (participle present)
shanghaied (participle past)
shanghaied (past)
shanghai'd (participle past)
shanghai'd (past)

1871, from the important Chinese port Shanghai, as a verb with reference to the former practice by some shippers on the West Coast of the United States of press-ganging crews for fishing or shipping in the Pacific Ocean.

強迫

to force or trick into work, especially joining a ship

(transitive) To force or trick someone to go somewhere or do something against their will or interest, particularly

(US law enforcement slang) To trick a suspect into entering a jurisdiction in which they can be lawfully arrested.


police officer

A peace officer who is a member of a police force.


criminologist

When he finished his stint in Brooklyn, Weisburd decided to team up with Larry Sherman, another young criminologist.

2019, Malcolm Gladwell, Talking to Strangers, page 283:

A person who is skilled in, or practices criminology.


criminologist

ro-noun

criminologist m (plural criminologiști, feminine equivalent criminologistă)

criminologiști (plural)
equivalent criminologistă (feminine)
criminologist (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
criminologistul (accusative definite nominative singular)
criminologiști (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
criminologiștii (accusative definite nominative plural)
criminologist (indefinite singular)
criminologistului (definite singular)
criminologiști (indefinite plural)
criminologiștilor (definite plural)
criminologistule (singular vocative)
criminologiștilor (plural vocative)


knock off

en-verb

knock off (third-person singular simple present knocks off, present participle knocking off, simple past and past participle knocked off)

knocks off (present singular third-person)
knocking off (participle present)
knocked off (participle past)
knocked off (past)

→ Dutch: afnokken (calque)

In the verb sense of stopping work, said to be from the practice aboard slave galleys to have a man beat time for the rowers by knocking on a block or drum; when he stopped, the rowers could rest.

faligi

to remove by hitting, to hit (something) off

They decided to knock off a liquor store downtown.


tap

The noun is derived from Middle English tappe (“hollow device for controlling the flow of liquid from a hole, cock, faucet, spigot; hole through which the liquid flows; the liquid which thus flows”), from Old English tæppa, from Proto-West Germanic *tappō, from Proto-Germanic *tappô (“a plug, tap; peg; tapering stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂p- (“to lose; to sacrifice”).
The verb is derived from Middle English tappen (“to obtain (liquid, chiefly liquor) from a tap; to obtain and sell (liquor)”), from Old English tæppian (“to provide (a container) with a stopper; to obtain (liquid) from a tap”), and then either:
* from Old English tæppa (see above) + -ian (suffix forming verbs); or
* from Proto-Germanic *tappōną, from *tappô (noun) (see above).
Verb sense 1.3.5 (“to turn over (a playing card or playing piece) to remind players that it has already been used in that round”) alludes to the abilities or resources of the card or piece having been drawn on to the point of temporary exhaustion: see verb sense 1.3.2.

rubinet

hollow device used to control the flow of a fluid — see also faucet

(communication, chiefly law enforcement)

A device used to listen in secretly on telephone calls or other communications.

salakuuntelulaite

telephone tap

It is true—and undisputed—that, in the weeks between the 2016 election and Trump's inauguration, several top Obama administration officials asked the National Security Agency to reveal the identity of an American citizen overheard on phone taps speaking with Russian Ambassador Sergei Kislyak—a request known as "unmasking."

2020 May 14, Fred Kaplan, “‘Obamagate’ wasn’t even a Scandal the First Time”, in Slate, New York, N.Y.: The Slate Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-30:

A secret interception of telephone calls or other communications using such a device; also, a recording of such a communication.

подслу́шване

secret interception of telephone calls or other communications using such a device; recording of such a communication


tap

en-verb

tap (third-person singular simple present taps, present participle tapping, simple past and past participle tapped)

taps (present singular third-person)
tapping (participle present)
tapped (participle past)
tapped (past)
tap (infinitive)

точа

to draw off (a liquid) from a container or other source; to draw off a liquid from (a container or other source)

They can’t tap the phone without a warrant.

mitchener. Why didn't you telephone?
 balsquith. They tap the telephone. Every switchboard in London is in their hands, or in those of their young men.

1909, [George] Bernard Shaw, Press Cuttings: A Topical Sketch […], London: Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 3:

On 3 May the Government decided to take over the Telephone Exchange, which had been operated since the beginning of the war mainly by C.N.T. workers; it was alleged that it was badly run and that official calls were being tapped.

1938 April, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter XI, in Homage to Catalonia, London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC, pages 160–161:

"Oh, there is one thing," the Minister called after Lebel, "how did you know to tap the telephone line of Colonel Saint-Clair's private apartment?" Lebel turned in the doorway and shrugged. "I didn't," he said, "so last night I tapped all your telephones. Good day, gentlemen."

1971 August 6, Frederick Forsyth, “Anatomy of a Kill”, in The Day of the Jackal, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Viking Press, →ISBN, page 347:

Ever worry about shadowy forces tapping your phone calls and listening in on your private conversations? Well, astronomers have some good news for you: it won't be aliens with their ears (or whatever auditory sensory organs they have evolved) to the speaker getting into your business—unless they've done a lot better than we have at funding radio astronomers.

2023 May 23, “Is E.T. Eavesdropping on Our Phone Calls?”, in Scientific American, New York, N.Y.: Springer Nature America, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-03:

(communication, chiefly law enforcement) To connect a listening and/or recording device to (a communication cable or device) in order to listen in secretly on telephone calls or other communications; also, to secretly listen in on and/or record (a telephone call or other communication).

подслушвам

to connect a listening and/or recording device to (a communication cable or device) in order to listen in secretly on telephone calls or other communications; to secretly listen in on and/or record (a telephone call or other communication)


score

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

From Middle English score, skore, schore, from Old English scoru (“notch; tally; score”), from Old Norse skor, from Proto-Germanic *skurō (“incision; tear; rift”), which is related to *skeraną (“to cut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut”). Cognate with Icelandic skora, Swedish skåra, Danish skår. Related to shear.
For the sense “twenty”: The mark on a tally made by drovers for every twenty beasts passing through a tollgate.

der

Let's pull a score!

Batman: Dangerous crowd you're stealing from.
Catwoman: Jesus. Is this how you get your kicks, hon? Sneaking up on girls in the dark?
Batman: Is that why you work in the club? It was all just a score?

2022, Matt Reeves, Peter Craig, The Batman:

(US, slang, crime) A criminal act, especially:

A criminal act, especially:
A bribe paid to a police officer.

He made a big score.

A criminal act, especially:
An illegal sale, especially of drugs.

A criminal act, especially:
A prostitute's client.


score

en-verb

score (third-person singular simple present scores, present participle scoring, simple past and past participle scored)

scores (present singular third-person)
scoring (participle present)
scored (participle past)
scored (past)
score (infinitive)

→⇒ Irish: scóráil

(transitive, intransitive) To obtain something desired.

(US, crime, slang, of a police officer) To extract a bribe.

To obtain something desired.
To extract a bribe.


cyngiel

cyngiel (nominative singular)
cyngle (nominative plural)
cyngla (genitive singular)
cyngli (genitive plural)
cynglowi (dative singular)
cynglom (dative plural)
cyngla (accusative singular)
cyngli (accusative plural)
cynglem (instrumental singular)
cynglami (instrumental plural)
cynglu (locative singular)
cynglach (locative plural)
cynglu (singular vocative)
cyngle (plural vocative)


grease

grease (third-person singular simple present greases, present participle greasing, simple past and past participle greased)

greases (present singular third-person)
greasing (participle present)
greased (participle past)
greased (past)

From Middle English grece, from Anglo-Norman grece, from Vulgar Latin *grassia, noun derived from Latin crassus (“fat, thick”).

the greas'd advocate that grinds the poor

1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Third Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:

Then you remember we greased him to the tune of five hundred.

2008, Byron Archibald Dunn, With Lyon in Missouri:

His employee status didn't entitle him to one, but Magdy on reception would slip him a key if Sabr greased him with a fifty.

2009, Dan Richardson, GOG - an End Time Mystery:


panda

→ Malay: panda

→ Japanese: パンダ (panda)

→ Korean: 판다 (panda)

→ Tagalog: panda

→ Thai: แพนด้า (pɛn-dâa)

Borrowed from French panda, of unclear ultimate origin but probably from the second element of nigálya-pónya, a local name for the red panda recorded in Nepal and Sikkim by Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800 or 1801 – 1894), an ethnologist, naturalist and the British Resident of Nepal, possibly from Nepali निँगाले (nĩgāle, “relating to a certain species of bamboo”) (the adjectival form of निँगालो (nĩgālo), a variant of निङालो (niṅālo, “Drepanostachyum intermedium, a species of bamboo”)) + a regional Tibetan name for the animal (compare regional Tibetan ཕོ་ཉ (pho nya, “messenger”)).
Attributive uses of sense 2 (“giant panda”) generally refer to that animal’s distinctive black and white coat colour.

der

Before the confrontation, the youth sighted a police personnel carrier, two dog patrol vans, a motorway style car, at least two pandas and one unmarked police car.

1975, Darcus Howe, editor, Race Today, London: Race Today Collective, →OCLC, page 279:

(British, law enforcement, colloquial) Short for panda car (“a black-and-white police car”).


mule

Inherited from Old French mule, from Latin mūla, feminine of mūlus.


fare

en-noun

fare (countable and uncountable, plural fares)

From Middle English fare, from the merger of Old English fær (“journey, road”) and faru (“journey, companions, baggage”), from Proto-Germanic *farą and *farō (“journey, fare”), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“a going, passage”).

der

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

(countable, UK, crime, slang) A prostitute's client.


mug

en-verb

mug (third-person singular simple present mugs, present participle mugging, simple past and past participle mugged)

mugs (present singular third-person)
mugging (participle present)
mugged (participle past)
mugged (past)

Early 16th century (originally Scots and northern English, denoting "earthenware, pot, jug"), of unknown origin, perhaps from North Germanic (compare Swedish mugg (“mug, jug”), Norwegian mugge (“pitcher, open can for warm drinks”), Danish mugge), or Low German mokke, mukke (“mug”), German Low German Muck (“drinking cup”), Dutch mok (“mug”), also of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Old English muga (“stack”) and Old Norse múgr (“mass, heap (of corn)”). Compare also Middle English mug, mog (“a measure of salt”).
"Face" sense possibly from grotesque faces on certain drinking vessels. "Assault" sense of verb possibly from hitting someone in the face.

cog

(transitive) To assault for the purpose of robbery.


robber

Inherited from Middle English robbour, robbere, either directly taken from or from a calque of Old French robeor. Equivalent to rob + -er.
Compare reaver ("robber, plunderer"), a native English word derived from Proto-Germanic *raubārijaz that is ultimately of more or less the same composition as robber. And compare rover ("a pirate"), another word of the same composition.


liberator

la-noun

līberātor m (genitive līberātōris, feminine līberātrīx); third declension

līberātor (canonical masculine)
līberātōris (genitive)
līberātrīx (feminine)
līberātor (nominative singular)
līberātōrēs (nominative plural)
līberātōris (genitive singular)
līberātōrum (genitive plural)
līberātōrī (dative singular)
līberātōribus (dative plural)
līberātōrem (accusative singular)
līberātōrēs (accusative plural)
līberātōre (ablative singular)
līberātōribus (ablative plural)
līberātor (singular vocative)
līberātōrēs (plural vocative)

Inherited:

French: livreur

Portuguese: livrador

Spanish: librador

Borrowed:

→ English: liberator

→ French: libérateur

→ Italian: liberatore

→ Portuguese: liberador

→ Romanian: liberator

→ Sicilian: libbiraturi

→ Spanish: liberador

[lʲiːbɛˈräːt̪ɔr]

(historical) a member of the conspirators who participated in the plotted assassination of Julius Caesar, led by Gaius Cassius Longinus and Marcus Junius Brutus


burglarize

en-verb

burglarize (third-person singular simple present burglarizes, present participle burglarizing, simple past and past participle burglarized)

burglarizes (present singular third-person)
burglarizing (participle present)
burglarized (participle past)
burglarized (past)

/ˈbɜː(ɹ)ɡləɹaɪz/

People who would now attempt to burglarize in top-boots, would be as mad as if they were to adopt that costume for picking pockets.

1829 July 5, [ William Hazlitt ?], “The Advantages of Committing Burglary in cuerpo Elucidated”, in The Atlas, London, page 442:

[M]en exclaim against you as the most bungling of "cabbagers" ... that ever burglarised upon the property of Shakespeare!

1839 December 7, "Mustard-Seed", “To Sir Charles Shaw, K. C. T. S., &c., &c.”, in Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser, Manchester, page 6:

In this dilemma there were but two resources open to the infuriated stewards, -- one to carry the key vi et armis; the other, to burglarize the cellar.

1840 May 1, "Shamrock", “Steeple-Chasing in Ireland”, in The Sporting Review, London, page 364:

Deaseley Brothers & Dodge, wholesale dry goods store, was burglarized last night, and three thousand dollars worth of silks taken. No arrests.

1856 November 1, Louisville Daily Courier, Louisville, KY, page 3:

I also told you my house had been thoroughly burglarized three times,

1856 December 16, "The London Scoundrel", “A Plea for the Gallows (Letter to the Editor)”, in The Times, London, page 10:

We see in a telegraphic despatch from across the boundary line that a store was "burglarized" a short time ago.

1865 September 20, Upper Canada Law Journal, Toronto, page 228:

Burglarize, to, a term creeping into journalism. ... The word has a dangerous rival in the shorter burgle.

1872, M. Schele De Vere, Americanisms: The English of the New World, New York: Charles Scribner, page 587:

During a recent burglary epidemic a police superintendent one night made a tour of inspection through the burglarised district.

1903 March 31, “From Day To Day”, in The Express and Telegraph, Adelaide, page 1:

This attempt to burglarize the house betrayed the caliber of the enemy.

1922, Victor Appleton, chapter 9, in Tom Swift And His Electric Locomotive, New York: Grossett and Dunlap, page 82:

Police said they believed the woman interrupted Harvey as he attempted to burglarize nearby cars.

2007 December 14, Robert Muirhead, “Man sent to prison for robbing woman at gunpoint”, in Journal Inquirer.com, Connecticut, page 228:

(transitive, intransitive, chiefly Canada, US) To commit burglary.