dinar

Learned borrowing from Latin dēnārius. Doublet of denar.


simurgh

(Iranian mythology) A gigantic winged benevolent creature.


peri

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پری (peri), from Persian پری (pari).

bor+

He sent a Peri to Chundum Dew with a message: "If you wish to live, release the mortal in your power: if not, every demon in your service will immediately be put to the sword."

January-June 1829, “The Adventures of Hatim-Beni-Tye”, in The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and Its Dependencies, volume 27, page 549:

In an hour they hovered above Hampstead Heath, and the peri looked down for a lonely spot where she might alight in the sulphurous gloom of a dog-day sunset too blinding for anyone to look at […]

March 16 1916, Alfred Richard Orage, Arthur Moore, The New Age: A Weekly Review of Politics, Literature and Art, page 473:

The Padishah's son was also there, and he realized that the peri looked very familiar.

2008, A Fire in My Heart: Kurdish Tales, page 75:

(Iranian mythology) A sprite or supernatural being.


𐎷𐎰𐎼

mi-θ-r (romanization)
Miθraʰ (romanization)

desctree

Middle Persian: mtr', 𐫖𐫏𐫍𐫡 (myhr /mihr/)
Persian: مهر (mehr)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਮਿਹਰ (mihar)
Shahmukhi script: مہر (mihr)

→ Akkadian:

desc

→ Late Babylonian: 𒈪𒀉𒊑 (mi-it-ri /Mitri/)

Borrowed from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (Miθra) or Old Median *Miθrah. Doublet of 𐎷𐎫𐎼 (mi-t-r /Mitraʰ/) and 𐎷𐏂 (mi-ç /Miçaʰ/).

doublet

(Iranian mythology, religion, Zoroastrianism) Mithra, a Zoroastrian deity


کی

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kad /kay/, “legendary ancient king of Iran”), borrowed from Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 (kauui, “poet, bard; vision-poet, Mazdean sacrificer”), from Proto-Iranian *káwHiš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káwHiš, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewh₁-. The visionary poets of the Avesta were mistakenly interpreted as ancient kings by the Sasanian Zoroastrian priests.

der

(Iranian mythology) Key, Kay: the title of a number of legendary kings of Iran, belonging to the mythical Kayanian dynasty.


ناهید

head

ناهید • (nâhid)

fa-proper noun

ناهید • (nâhid)

→ Gujarati: નાહીદ (nāhīd)

[nɒː.ɦiːd̪̥]

From earlier اَنَاهِید (anāhīd), from Middle Persian ʾnʾhyt' (anāhīd). Cognate with Northern Kurdish Nehîda, Nehî and Central Kurdish ناهیە (nahye), ناهێ (nahê).


پری

head

پری • (pari) (plural پریان (pariyān) or پریها (pari-hâ))

pari (romanization)
پریان (plural)
پریها (plural)

Azerbaijani: pəri

→ Bengali: পরী (pori)

Chagatai: پری

Uyghur: پەرى (peri)

Uzbek: pari

→ Gujarati: પરી (parī)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: परी (parī)

Urdu: پری (parī)

Kazakh: пері (perı)

Northern Kurdish: perî

Southern Kurdish: پەری (perî)

Kyrgyz: пери (peri)

Malay: peri

Indonesian: peri (“fairy”)

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: پری (peri)
Turkish: peri
→ Albanian: perri
→ Armenian: փերի (pʻeri)
→ Crimean Tatar: peri
→ English: peri
→ French: péri
→ Georgian: ფერია (peria)
→ Russian: пе́ри (péri)

Pashto: پري (pari)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪਰੀ (parī)

Shahmukhi script: پری (parī)

Sindhi: پري (parī)

Tajik: парӣ (pari)

Tatar: пәри (päri)

Turkmen: peri

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plyk' /parīg/, “witch”), ultimately from Old Persian *parikā. Compare Manichaean Middle Persian pryg (pryg), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬐𐬁 (paⁱrikā, “sorceress, witch”), Sogdian [script needed] (pṛʿyk-, “female demoness”) and Old Armenian պարիկ (parik), an Iranian borrowing. Connections that have been proposed include Middle Irish airech (“concubine, wanton woman”), and from Indo-European root *pelē- ‘to fill,’ Latin plēnus ‘full.’ Middle Persian parīg, Khotanese 𑀧𑀮𑀻𑀓𑀸 (palīkā), Latin parcae (“fates”), Ancient Greek Παλλάς (Pallás, “youth, maiden”), Sanskrit पारक्य (pārakya, “strange, alien”). Pokorny derives this from Proto-Indo-European *parīkā (“concubine”).

cog

دیوسان دیوسان#Persian

(Iranian mythology) sprite or supernatural being in Iranian/Persian mythology opposed to دیوسان (daemon) and دیو (daeva); peri.


Mazandaran

Borrowed from Persian مازندران (mâzandarân, literally “the gate or the valley of the giants”).

bor

(Iranian mythology) A land mentioned in Shahnameh and Avesta.


هما

head

هما • (homâ)

fa-noun

هما • (homâ)

From earlier همای (homây), from Middle Persian hwmʾy (humāy).

بازم و حیران شود در من هما
جغد که بود تا بداند سر ما

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1161:

I am a falcon, and (yet) the humá becomes lost in amazement at me:
who is an owl, that it should know my secret?

bāz-am u hayrān šawad dar man humā
juğd ki buwad tā bi-dānad sirr-i mā


𐏎

Middle Persian: 𐭡𐭢 (bg /bag/)

From Proto-Iranian *bagáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-; see there for more. Cognate with Sanskrit भग (bhága, “dispenser, gracious lord, patron”).

cog

(Iranian mythology, Religion, Zoroastrianism) god


𐎲𐎥

(Iranian mythology, Religion, Zoroastrianism, syllabary) Alternative form of 𐏎 (baga)


𐎭𐎡𐎺

d-i-v (romanization)
daiva (romanization)

Middle Persian:

desc

Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫏𐫇 (dyw /dēw/, “evil spirit, demon”)

Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠDYA /dēw/, “evil spirit, demon”)

→ Aramaic: דיוא (daywā)

Classical Syriac: ܕܝܘܐ (daywā)

desctree

→ Arabic: دِيُو (diyū)
→ Kazakh: дию (diü)

From Proto-Iranian *daywáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *daywás, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deywós. Cognates include Sanskrit देव (deva), Latin deus, Proto-Germanic *Tīwaz (whence the first element in English Tuesday), Proto-Celtic *deiwos.

(Iranian mythology, Zoroastrianism) foreign god, false god


کرگدن

head

کرگدن • (kargadan) (plural کرگدنها (kargadan-hâ))

kargadan (romanization)
کرگدنها (plural)

→ Avar: гаргадан (gargadan)

→ Azerbaijani: kərgədan

→ Classical Syriac: ܟܪܟܕܢܐ (karkəḏānā)

→ Arabic: كَرْكَدَّن (karkaddan)

→ Crimean Tatar: kerkedan

→ Gujarati: કરગદન (karagdan)

→ Gurani: کەرگەدەنگ (kargadang)

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: kergeden

Central Kurdish: کەرگەدەن (kergeden)

Southern Kurdish: کەرگەدەن (kergeden)

Laki: کەرگەدەن (kergeden)

→ Lak: каргадан (kargadan)

→ Mazanderani: کرگردن (kərgadən)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: քարկարտան (kʻarkartan), քարկանտան (kʻarkantan)

→ Tatar: кәркедән (kärkedän)

→ Turkish: gergedan

→ Turkmen: kerk (from کرگ (karg))

→ Uyghur: كەركىدان (kerkidan)

→ Uzbek: karkidon

[kʰʲæɹ.kʰʲæ.d̪ǽn]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (klg /karg/, “rhinoceros; horn”) + [script needed] (-dʾn' /-dān/, “bearer, holder”), ultimately from Sanskrit खड्ग (khaḍga, “rhinoceros; literally sword bearer”).
Compare Arabic كَرْكَدَّن (karkaddan, “rhinoceros”), Classical Syriac ܟܪܟܕܢܐ (karkǝḏānā, “rhinoceros”), Sanskrit खड्गधेनु (khaḍgadhenu, “a female rhinoceros”).


سیمرغ

head

سیمرغ • (simorğ)

fa-proper noun

سیمرغ • (simorğ)

Akin to Middle Persian 𐭮𐭩𐭭𐭬𐭥𐭫𐭥: synmwlw (sēn-murw).
According to folk etymology a compound of سی (si, “thirty”) and مرغ (morğ, “bird”). See also The Speech of the Birds.


سیامک

Cognate with Sanskrit श्यामक (śyāmaka, “dark-coloured, dark”).


faravahar

From Persian فروهر (faravahar), from Middle Persian plwʾhl.

A symbol of the religion Zoroastrianism, also used to represent the Iranian nation.


مازندران

head

مازندران • (mâzandarân)

fa-proper noun

مازندران • (mâzandarân)

[mɑː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[mɑː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[mɑː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[mɔː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɔ́ːn]

[mɒː.zæn̪.d̪æ.ɹɒ́ːn]

Literally, “the gate or the valley of the giants” from مازن (mâzan) + در (dar) + ـان (-ân), from Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀 (mazaⁱniia, “giant”). The name has been used in Shahnameh to refer to a land inhabited by divs (daevas) and sorcerers and is difficult to conquer. On the other hand, after Muslim invasion of Persia, the region of Tabaristan remained unconquered for a relatively long period of time, which was later called (and mistaken for) Mazandaran.

lit

(Iranian mythology) Mazandaran (a land mentioned in Shahnameh and Avesta)

Mazandaran (A northern province of Iran)

استان مازندران


Հրուդէն

head

Հրուդէն • (Hrudēn)

xcl-proper noun

Հրուդէն • (Hrudēn)

Hrudēn (romanization)
Հրուդէն (nominative singular uncountable)
Հրուդենայ (genitive singular uncountable)
Հրուդենայ (dative singular uncountable)
Հրուդէն (accusative singular uncountable)
Հրուդենայ (ablative singular uncountable)
Հրուդենաւ (instrumental singular uncountable)
Հրուդէն (locative singular uncountable)

Armenian: Հրուդեն (Hruden)

From the Parthian form of the hero's name. See Persian فریدون (fereydun) for more.


Հրուդեն

head

Հրուդեն • (Hruden)

hy-proper noun

Հրուդեն • (Hruden)

Hruden (romanization)
Հրուդեն (nominative singular singular-only)
Հրուդենի (dative singular singular-only)
Հրուդենից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հրուդենով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հրուդենում (locative singular singular-only)
Հրուդենը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հրուդենն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հրուդենին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հրուդենս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հրուդենիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հրուդենիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հրուդենովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հրուդենումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հրուդենդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հրուդենիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հրուդենիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հրուդենովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հրուդենումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հրուդենը/Հրուդենն

Հրուդենները/Հրուդեններն

Հրուդեններին

Հրուդեններից

Հրուդեններով

Հրուդեններում

Հրուդեններիս

Հրուդեններիցս

Հրուդեններովս

Հրուդեններումս

Հրուդեններիդ

Հրուդեններիցդ

Հրուդեններովդ

Հրուդեններումդ

From Old Armenian Հրուդէն (Hrudēn); see it for more.


𐎠𐎴𐏃𐎡𐎫

Middle Persian: ʾnʾhyt' (Anāhīd)

Persian: اناهید (anâhid), ناهید (nâhid)

desc

Arabic: أَنَاهِيذ (ʔanāhīḏ)

Arabic: أَنَاهِيذ (ʔanāhīḏ)

Classical Syriac: ܐܢܗܝܕ (ʾĂnāhêḏ)

→ Akkadian:

Late Babylonian: 𒀀𒈾𒄴𒄿𒌅𒀪 (a-na-aḫ-i-tu-ʾ /Anaḫituʾ/), 𒀀𒈾𒀪𒋾 (a-na-ʾ-ti /Anaʾti/)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀναῗτις (Anaï̂tis)

→ Latin: Anaītis

→ Russian: Анаити́да (Anaitída)

→ Elamite:

Achaemenid Elamite: 𒀭𒈾𒄭𒌓𒆪 (an-na-hi-ud-da /Anahiuda/)

→ Old Armenian: Անահիտ (Anahit)

Literally "who is not defiled", composed of *a(n)- (privative particle) + *āhitā- (“defiled”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬁𐬵𐬌𐬙𐬀 (anāhita, “pure, immaculate”, adj), an epithet of 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬍 (arəduuī).

cog

(Iranian mythology, Religion, Zoroastrianism) Anahita


Anahita

From Old Persian 𐎠𐎴𐏃𐎡𐎫 (a-n-h-i-t /anahita/).

(Iranian mythology) the name of an Iranian goddess, associated with fertility, healing and wisdom.


Anahita

(Iranian mythology) Anahita (Iranian goddess of fertility)


اسفندیار

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/spandadāt/), in turn derived from Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬋𐬜𐬁𐬙𐬀 (spəntōδāta, literally “given by Amesha Spenta”).


هوشنگ

head

هوشنگ • (hušang)

fa-proper noun

هوشنگ • (hušang)

→ Azerbaijani: Huşəng

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: होशंग (hośaṅg)

Urdu: ہوشَنْگ (hośaṅg)

→ Ottoman Turkish: هوشَنْك (Hûşenk)

[huː.ʃæɲɡʲ̥]

From Middle Persian hwšng (Hōšang), from Old Iranian. Akin to Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 (haošiiaŋha, “Haoshyangha”).


فرهاد

head

فرهاد • (farhâd)

fa-proper noun

فرهاد • (farhâd)

Azerbaijani: Fərhad

Bengali: ফরহাদ (fôrhad)

Turkish: Ferhat

Uyghur: پەرھات (perhat)

[fäɾ.hɑ́ːd̪]

[fäɾ.hɑ́ːd̪]

[fä.ɾɔ́ːd̪̥]

[fæɹ.hɒ́ːd̪̥]

From Parthian [script needed] (prht /frahāt/), itself from Old Iranian *frahāta- (literally “gained, earned”). Compare Old Armenian Հրահատ (Hrahat), Classical Syriac ܐܦܪܗܛ ('prht), Ancient Greek Ἀφραάτης (Aphraátēs), Φραάτης (Phraátēs) (from which Phraātēs), Φραδάτης (Phradátēs), Iranian borrowings.

der

(Iranian mythology) the unrequited lover of the princess Shirin in the medieval romance Khosrow and Shirin


رستم

(Iranian mythology) Rostam, the greatest hero of Iranian mythology


رستم

→ Arabic: رُسْتُم (rustum)

→ Azerbaijani: Rüstəm

→ Bashkir: Рөстәм (Röstəm)

→ Chagatai: رستم (Rustäm)

Uyghur: رۇستەم (rustem)

Uzbek: Rustam

→ Georgian: როსტომი (rosṭomi)

desc

→ Gujarati: રૂસ્તમ (rūstam), રુસ્તમ (rustam)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: रुस्तम (rustam)

Urdu: رستم (rustam)

→ Kazakh: Рүстем (Rüstem)

→ Ottoman Turkish: رستم (Rüstem)

Turkish: Rüstem

→ Albanian: Rustem

→ Russian: Рустем (Rustem)

→ Tatar: Рөстәм (Röstäm)

→ Turkmen: Rüstem

From Middle Persian lwtsthm (/rōdstahm/), from Middle Persian lwd (/rōd/, “river”, whence modern رود (rud)) and stʾhmb (/stahm/, “force, power”, whence ستم (setam, “injustice, tyranny”)), i.e. “strong as a river”. Akin to Old Armenian Առոստոմ (Aṙostom), Ռոստոմ (Ṙostom), Ռաստոմ (Ṙastom), from Middle Iranian.
Firdawsī’s great epic, the Shāhnāma, gives the name a folk etymology from رستم (rastam, “I escaped”), because the hero was born by Caesarean section.

der

whence modern <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">رود</i> (rud)


سهراب

head

سهراب • (sohrâb)

fa-proper noun

سهراب • (sohrâb)

→ Armenian: Զոհրաբ (Zohrab)

desctree

→ Georgian: ზურაბი (zurabi), ზურაბ (zurab) — other widely used form, ზურიკო (zuriḳo) — pet form, ზურა (zura) — diminutive
→ Abkhaz: Жәраб (Ẑʷrab)
→ Armenian: Զուրաբ (Zurab)

[so̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːb]

[so̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːb]

[soɦ.ɹɒ́ːb̥]


ʾnʾhyt'

Persian: ناهید (nâhid)

From Old Persian 𐎠𐎴𐏃𐎡𐎫 (Anahita), equivalent of ‘n- (an-, “not”) + ‘hyt’ (āhīd, impurity, stain) meaning not impure, immaculate.


آناهیتا

head

آناهیتا • (ânâhitâ)

fa-proper noun

آناهیتا • (ânâhitâ)

[ʔɑː.nɑː.hiː.ˈtɑː]

[ʔɑː.nɑː.ɦiː.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔɑː.nɑː.ɦiː.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔɑː.nɑː.jiː.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔɔː.nɔː.ji.t̪ʰɔ́ː]

[ʔɒː.nɒː.ɦiː.t̪ʰɒ́ː]

[ʔɔ.nɔ.ɦi.t̪ʰɔ́]

Learned borrowing from Old Persian 𐎠𐎴𐏃𐎡𐎫 (Anahita).


رودابه

head

رودابه • (rudâbe)

fa-proper noun

رودابه • (rudâbe)


زال

perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old, to mature”)


synmwlw

For the constituents compare Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬀 (saēna, literally “a raptor, either eagle or falcon”), Sanskrit श्येन (śyená), Old Armenian ցին (cʻin) on the one hand, and Persian مرغ (morğ) on the other.
Akin to Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬖𐬋⸱𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬋 (mər^əγō.saēnō, “the bird Saēna”), Persian سیمرغ (simorğ), as well as Old Armenian սիրամարգ (siramarg, “peacock”), in dialects with սին- (sin-) and meaning “a mythical bird”, Classical Syriac ܣܝܡܘܪ (sīmūr, “a mythical bird”), Iranian borrowings.

cog

𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬖𐬋⸱𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬋

Wizīdagīhā-i Zādspram, chapter 23


فریدون

From Middle Persian plytwn' (Frēdōn), from Proto-Iranian *Θraitauna-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian. Cognate to Avestan 𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (θraētaona), Lurish فرێدۆ (ferıdø). Akin to Old Armenian Հրուդէն (Hrudēn), a Parthian loanword.

(Iranian mythology) Fereydun/Fredon, Thraitauna/Thraetaona


Анахита

ru-proper noun+

Анахи́та • (Anaxíta) f anim (genitive Анахи́ты)

Анахи́та (canonical)
Anaxíta (romanization)
Анахи́ты (genitive)

(Iranian mythology) Anahita (old Iranian goddess)


جمشید

head

جمشید • (jamšid)

fa-proper noun

جمشید • (jamšid)

→ Gujarati: જમશીદ (jamśīd)

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: جەمشید (ǰamšīd)

Northern Kurdish: Cemşîd (J̌amšīd)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: जमशेद (jamśed)

Urdu: جمشید (jamšed)

Uzbek: Jamshid

Armenian: Ջումշուդ (J̌umšud)

[d͡ʒäm.ʃeːd̪̥]

[d͡ʒæm.ʃiːd̪̥]

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (jamšēd), a Persian formation of Avestan 𐬫𐬌𐬨𐬀-𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (yima-xšaēta), from Proto-Iranian *yamHáh (“Yama; twin, pair”) + *xšáytah (“bright, shining”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yemHós.


کی‌قباد

کیقباد (canonical)
key-qobâd (romanization)

Bengali: কায়কোবাদ (kaẏkōbad)

Turkish: Keykubad


بیژن

head

بیژن • (bêžan)

fa-proper noun

بیژن • (bêžan)


گودرز

From Middle Iranian *Gōdarz, according to MacKenzie from Old Iranian *Gau-tarza- (literally “Ox-crusher”), with the constituents ultimately going back to Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (whence Persian گاو (gâv, “cow”)) and *teleǵʰ- (“to beat, to crush”) (whence Sanskrit तृह् (tṛh, “to beat, to crush”)); see Pokorny for the latter root. The stem *tarza- is not attested in Old Iranian, unless Bailey is right in seeing it in Khotanese [script needed] (ustairṣṭai, “you tore”) ← *us-tarz-.
Akin to Parthian 𐭂𐭅𐭕𐭓𐭆 (Gōtarz), 𐭂𐭅𐭕𐭓𐭆𐭊 (Gōtarzak), and the Iranian borrowings: Ancient Greek Γωτάρζης (Gōtárzēs), Γωτέρζης (Gōtérzēs), Latin Gotarzes, Old Armenian Գոտորզ (Gotorz), Georgian გოდერძი (goderʒi) and Akkadian 𒄖𒋻𒍝𒀀 (Gu-tar-za-a /Gutarzâ/).


Afrasiab

(Iranian mythology) A mythical king and hero of Turan.

[Book Pahlavi needed] (plʾsy̲d̲ʾp̄' /frāsiyāb/)


فرانک

Azerbaijani:

Latin script: Fəranək

Arabic script: فرانک

Turkish: Feranek

Possibly from a variant of Middle Persian plwʾnk' (parwānag). Compare Iranian borrowings Arabic فُرَانِق (furāniq, “courier's guide”) and Old Armenian Փառնակ (Pʻaṙnak).


منیژه

head

منیژه • (maniže)

fa-proper noun

منیژه • (maniže)


هژیر

hožir (romanization)
hažir (romanization)


سیاوش

head

سیاوش • (siyâvaš)

fa-proper noun

سیاوش • (siyâvaš)

desctree

→ Old Georgian: შიოშ (šioš), შიო (šio), სიაოშ (siaoš)
Georgian: შიოშ (šioš), შიოში (šioši), შიო (šio)
→ Armenian: Շիոշ (Šioš)
→ Middle Armenian: Բիուաբ (Biuab) (an incorrect transliteration due to orthographic confusion)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (syyʾwhš /siyāwaxš/), borrowed from Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬥- (siiāuuaršan-, literally “having black stallions”). Akin to Parthian 𐫢𐫏𐫏𐫀𐫇𐫢 (šyyʾwš /siyāwaš/), Khwarezmian 𐿃𐾰𐾶𐿃 (šʾwš), Elamite 𒅆𒅀𒈥𒃻 (ši-ia-mar-šá), Old Armenian Շաւարշ (Šawarš), Arabic سِيَاوَش (siyāwaš).

der

𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬥-


منوچهر

desc

→ Middle Armenian: Մանուչար (Manučʻar), Մանիչար (Maničʻar)

Armenian: Մանուչար (Manučʻar)

From Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬱𐬗𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (manušciθra). Akin to Old Armenian Մանաճիհր (Manačihr), an Iranian borrowing.


قارن

head

قارن • (qâran)

fa-proper noun

قارن • (qâran)

Ultimately from Parthian 𐭊𐭓𐭍𐭉 (krny /Kārēn/), whence also Old Armenian Կարէն (Karēn).

(Iranian mythology) Qaran, an Iranian paladin, a character in Shahnameh


طهمورث

tahmuras (romanization)
tahmures (romanization)

desc

English: Tahmooras, Tahmoorath, Tahmourath, Tahmurath, Tahmoores, Tahmouras, Tahmoures, Tahmuras, Tahmures (transliteration)

Georgian: თეიმურაზ (teimuraz), თაიმურაზ (taimuraz)

Armenian: Թամրազ (Tʻamraz)

Russian: Теймураз (Tejmuraz)

English: Teimuraz (transliteration)

Ossetian: Таймураз (Tajmuraz)

Russian: Таймура́з (Tajmuráz)

English: Taymuraz, Taimuraz (transliteration)

(Iranian mythology) Tahmooras/Tahmoorath, a mythical king mentioned in the Shahnameh.


پریستان

head

پریستان • (paristân)

fa-noun

پریستان • (paristân)

→ Azerbaijani: Pəristan

→ Urdu: پَرِسْتان (paristān)

[pʰä.ɾiːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[pʰä.ɾiːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[pʰä.ɾiːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[pʰæ.ɹiːs.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

From پری (pari, “peri”) + ـستان (-stân, “-stan”).

suf

(Iranian mythology) Paristan, a fairyland belonging to the peris


plʾhwklt

From [script needed] (frāx) + klt (kard).
Identified in a review article with the Indian Ocean. Compare also Sogdian [script needed] (βrʾš kyrʾn /frāš kirān/, “the cosmic ocean”) and [script needed] (frʾškyrʾn /frāškirān/, “south”), which are missed in the article.


مازن

head

مازن • (mâzan)

fa-proper noun

مازن • (mâzan)

From Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀 (mazaⁱniia, “giant”), itself from a derivative of Proto-Iranian *máHtā.


مازنی

head

مازنی • (mâzani)

fa-noun

مازنی • (mâzani)

From مازَن (mâzan) + ـی (-i), from Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀 (mazaⁱniia, “giant”).


سروش

head

سروش • (sorôš)

fa-proper noun

سروش • (sorôš)

→ Azerbaijani: süruş

→ Udi: соруш (soruš)

→ Urdu: سروش (saroš)

Inherited from Middle Persian slwš (/Srōš/), from Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬊𐬱𐬀 (sraoša, “Sraosha”).

inh+

(Zoroastrianism, Iranian mythology) Sraosha, yazata of conscience


دارا

head

دارا • (dârâ)

From Middle Persian 𐭣𐭠𐭫𐭠𐭡 (dʾlʾb /dārāy/), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-u-š /dārayauš/), shortened form of 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-v-u-š /dārayava(h)uš/). Compare English Darius.

inh

(Iranian mythology) Dara, a legendary version of Darius III who was defeated by Alexander

داراب داراب#Persian

(Iranian mythology) Alternative form of داراب (dârâb, a legendary Iranian king).


Ҷамшед

head

Ҷамшед • (Jamšed)


شیردال

شیردال • (šêrdâl)

fa-noun

شیردال • (šêrdâl)

desc

→ Arabic: شِيرْدَال (šīrdāl)

→ Arabic: شِيرْدَال (šīrdāl)

[ʃeːɾ.ˈdɑːl]

[ʃeːɾ.d̪ɑ́ːl]

[ʃeːɾ.d̪ɑ́ːl]

[ʃeːɾ.d̪ɑ́ːl]

[ʃeːɾ.d̪ɔ́ːl̥]

[ʃiːɹ.d̪ɒ́ːl̥]

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/šēr/, “lion”) + [Term?] (/dāl/, “eagle”).


Māhiš

(Iranian mythology, Zoroastrianism) moon deity Mah


هاماوران

head

هاماوران • (hâmâvarân)

[ʔɑː.mɑː.wä.ɾɑːn]

[ʔɔː.mɔː.wä.ɾɔːn]

Ultimately from Old South Arabian 𐩢𐩣𐩺𐩧 (ḥmyr).

(Iranian mythology) Hamavaran (a legendary version of Yemen)


طهماسب

طهماسب • (tahmâsb)

fa-proper noun

طهماسب • (tahmâsb)

desc

→ Armenian: Թահմազ (Tʻahmaz), ⇒ Թահմազյան (Tʻahmazyan)

desctree

→ Georgian: თამაზ (tamaz)
→ Ossetian: Таймаз (Tajmaz)

→ Azerbaijani: Təhmasib

[t̪ʰäɦ.mɑ́ːsb]

[t̪ʰäɦ.mɑ́ːsb]

[t̪ʰɑː.mɑ́ːsb]

[t̪ʰɔː.mɔ́ːsb̥]

[t̪ʰæɦ.mɒ́ːsb̥]

From Middle Persian 𐭲𐭧𐭬(𐭩)𐭠𐭮𐭯 (tḥm(y)ʾsp /Tahmāsp/, a male given name, literally “having brave horses”), a bahuvrihi compound for whose constituents see Persian تهم (tahm, “brave”) and اسب (asb, “horse”). Akin to Elamite 𒁹𒎕𒈠𒀾𒁀 (ᵐtam₅-ma-áš-ba /Tammašba/), borrowed from the Old Iranian form of the same name.
The proposed identification with Avestan 𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬁𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥𐬀 (tumāspana, a given name, literally “with fat horses”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *tum-, should be rejected.

ncog

a male given name, Tahmasb, from Middle Persian

(Iranian mythology) A character in Shahnameh


عنقا

head

عنقا • ('anqâ)

fa-noun

عنقا • ('anqâ)

سیمرغ سیمرغ#Persian

(Iranian mythology) Synonym of سیمرغ (simorğ, a mythical bird).


Мозандарон

head

Мозандарон • (Mozandaron) (Persian spelling مازندران)

Mozandaron (romanization)
spelling مازندران (Persian)

(Iranian mythology) Mazandaran (a land mentioned in Shahnameh and Avesta)

Mazandaran (A northern province of Iran)


هوشنك

هوشَنْك • (Hûşenk)

ota-proper noun

هوشَنْك • (Hûşenk)

هوشَنْك (canonical)
Hûşenk (romanization)

Turkish: Huşenk


ہوشنگ

ur-proper noun

ہوشَن٘گ • (hośaṅg) m (Hindi spelling होशंग)

ہوشَن٘گ (canonical)
hośaṅg (romanization)
होशंग (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian هوشَنْگ (hōšang).


كتایون

head

كتایون • (Ketâyûn)

ota-proper noun

كتایون • (Ketâyûn)

Turkish: Ketayun

(Iranian mythology) Katayun (wife of Goshtasp)


گشتاسپ

head

گشتاسپ • (goštâsp)

fa-proper noun

گشتاسپ • (goštâsp)

desc

→ Arabic: كُشْتَاسْب (kuštāsb), كُشْتَاسْف (kuštāsf)

→ Azerbaijani: Güştasp

→ Gujarati: ગુશતાસ્પ (guśtāsp)

→ Ottoman Turkish: كشتاسب (Güştâsb)

[ɡʊʃ.t̪ʰɑ́ːsp]

[ɡʊʃ.t̪ʰɑ́ːsp]

[ɡʊʃ.t̪ʰɑ́ːsp]

[ɡuʃ.t̪ʰɔ́ːsp]

[ɡ̥oʃ.t̪ʰɒ́ːsp]


کتایون

head

کتایون • (katâyun)

fa-proper noun

کتایون • (katâyun)

→ Azerbaijani: Kətayun

desctree

→ Georgian: ქეთევანი (ketevani), ქეთინო (ketino), ქეთი (keti)
→ Armenian: Քեթևան (Kʻetʻewan)
→ Ossetian: Кетеван (Ketevan)
→ Russian: Кетева́нь (Ketevánʹ)

→ Ottoman Turkish: كتایون (Ketâyûn)

[kʰä.t̪ʰɑː.júːn]

[kʰä.t̪ʰɑː.júːn]

[kʰä.t̪ʰɑː.júːn]

[kʰʲæ.t̪ʰɒː.júːn]


كشتاسب

ar-proper noun

كُشْتَاسْب • (kuštāsb) m

كُشْتَاسْب (canonical)
kuštāsb (romanization)

كشتاسب

1885, الجزء الاول من تاريخ الخميس في أحوال أنفس نفيس, page 163:

كشتاسب

1887, Butrus al-Bustani, Da'irat al-Ma'arif, volume 9, page 198:

كشتاسب


كشتاسب

head

كشتاسب • (Güştâsb)

ota-proper noun

كشتاسب • (Güştâsb)


Kətayun

Kətayun (nominative singular)
Kətayunlar (nominative plural)
Kətayunu (accusative definite singular)
Kətayunları (accusative definite plural)
Kətayuna (dative singular)
Kətayunlara (dative plural)
Kətayunda (locative singular)
Kətayunlarda (locative plural)
Kətayundan (ablative singular)
Kətayunlardan (ablative plural)
Kətayunun (definite genitive singular)
Kətayunların (definite genitive plural)
Kətayunum (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
Kətayunlarım (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
Kətayunun (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunların (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunu (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunları (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunumuz (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
Kətayunlarımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
Kətayununuz (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kətayunlarınız (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Kətayunu (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunları (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunları (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Kətayunumu (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Kətayunlarımı (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Kətayununu (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunlarını (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Kətayununu (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunlarını (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunumuzu (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Kətayunlarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Kətayununuzu (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kətayunlarınızı (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Kətayununu (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarını (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Kətayunuma (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Kətayunlarıma (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Kətayununa (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunlarına (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Kətayununa (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunlarına (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunumuza (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Kətayunlarımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Kətayununuza (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kətayunlarınıza (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Kətayununa (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarına (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Kətayunumda (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
Kətayunlarımda (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
Kətayununda (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunlarında (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Kətayununda (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunlarında (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunumuzda (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
Kətayunlarımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
Kətayununuzda (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kətayunlarınızda (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Kətayununda (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarında (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Kətayunumdan (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Kətayunlarımdan (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Kətayunundan (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunlarından (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunundan (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunlarından (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunumuzdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Kətayunlarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Kətayununuzdan (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kətayunlarınızdan (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Kətayunundan (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarından (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Kətayunumun (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
Kətayunlarımın (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
Kətayununun (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kətayunlarının (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Kətayununun (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunlarının (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Kətayunumuzun (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
Kətayunlarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
Kətayununuzun (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kətayunlarınızın (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Kətayununun (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Kətayunlarının (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


Güştasp

Güştasp (nominative singular)
Güştasplar (nominative plural)
Güştaspı (accusative definite singular)
Güştaspları (accusative definite plural)
Güştaspa (dative singular)
Güştasplara (dative plural)
Güştaspda (locative singular)
Güştasplarda (locative plural)
Güştaspdan (ablative singular)
Güştasplardan (ablative plural)
Güştaspın (definite genitive singular)
Güştaspların (definite genitive plural)
Güştaspım (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
Güştasplarım (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
Güştaspın (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Güştaspların (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Güştaspı (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Güştaspları (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Güştaspımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
Güştasplarımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
Güştaspınız (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Güştasplarınız (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Güştaspı (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştaspları (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştaspları (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Güştaspımı (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Güştasplarımı (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Güştaspını (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Güştasplarını (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Güştaspını (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Güştasplarını (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Güştaspımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Güştasplarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Güştaspınızı (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Güştasplarınızı (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Güştaspını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarını (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Güştaspıma (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Güştasplarıma (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Güştaspına (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Güştasplarına (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Güştaspına (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Güştasplarına (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Güştaspımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Güştasplarımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Güştaspınıza (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Güştasplarınıza (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Güştaspına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarına (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Güştaspımda (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
Güştasplarımda (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
Güştaspında (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Güştasplarında (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Güştaspında (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Güştasplarında (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Güştaspımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
Güştasplarımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
Güştaspınızda (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Güştasplarınızda (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Güştaspında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarında (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Güştaspımdan (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Güştasplarımdan (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Güştaspından (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Güştasplarından (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Güştaspından (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Güştasplarından (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Güştaspımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Güştasplarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Güştaspınızdan (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Güştasplarınızdan (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Güştaspından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarından (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Güştaspımın (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
Güştasplarımın (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
Güştaspının (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Güştasplarının (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Güştaspının (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Güştasplarının (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Güştaspımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
Güştasplarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
Güştaspınızın (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Güştasplarınızın (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Güştaspının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Güştasplarının (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


સરોશ

From Middle Persian slwš (/Srōš/), from Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬊𐬱𐬀 (sraoša, “Sraosha”).


ببر بیان

From ببر (babr, “tiger”) + بیان (bayân, meaning unknown).

af

Babr-e Bayan, the leopard-skin armor worn by the hero Rustam


ગુશતાસ્પ

head

ગુશતાસ્પ • (guśtāsp) m

gu-proper noun

ગુશતાસ્પ • (guśtāsp) m

Borrowed from Classical Persian گشتاسپ (guštāsp).


જમશીદ

head

જમશીદ • (jamśīd) m

gu-proper noun

જમશીદ • (jamśīd) m

Borrowed from Classical Persian جمشید (jamšēḏ).


રૂસ્તમ

head

રૂસ્તમ • (rūstam) m

gu-proper noun

રૂસ્તમ • (rūstam) m

Borrowed from Classical Persian رستم (rustam).

bor+

(Iranian mythology) Rostam, the greatest hero of Iranian mythology


અફરાસિયાબ

head

અફરાસિયાબ • (aphrāsiyāb) m

gu-proper noun

અફરાસિયાબ • (aphrāsiyāb) m

Borrowed from Classical Persian اَفْرَاسِیَاب (afrāsiyāb).

bor+

اَفْرَاسِیَاب


دستان

head

دستان • (dastân)

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

[d̪æs.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

(Iranian mythology) Alternative name of the hero زال (zâl).


ફરાનક

Borrowed from Classical Persian فرانک (farānak).


کوهکن

کوه (kuh, “mountain”) + کن (kan, present stem of کندن (kandan, “to dig”)).
In the medieval romance Khosrow and Shirin, the heroine Shirin tells Farhad that she will accept his love if he can achieve the impossible feat of cutting a hole through a mountain for her. He accomplishes this difficult feat, but Shirin's husband Khosrow lies to him that Shirin has died in the meantime, driving him to commit suicide.

af

کن
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">کندن</i> (kandan, “to dig”)>

فرهاد فرهاد#Persian

(poetic, Iranian mythology) "Digger of Mountains": an epithet of فرهاد (farhâd).