mildew

→ Catalan: míldiu

→ French: mildiou

→ Portuguese: míldio

→ Spanish: mildiu

From Middle English myldew, from Old English meledēaw, mildēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *milidauw, from *mili (“honey”) + *dauw (“dew”). Compare West Frisian moaldau, Dutch meeldauw, German Mehltau. More at dew.

(phytopathology) A growth of minute powdery or webby fungi, whitish or of different colors, found on various diseased or decaying substances.


Fuchs

de-noun

Fuchs m (strong, genitive Fuchses, plural Füchse, diminutive Füchslein n or Füchschen n, feminine Füchsin)

Fuchses (genitive)
Füchse (plural)
Füchslein (diminutive neuter)
Füchschen (diminutive neuter)
Füchsin (feminine)
Fuchs (nominative singular)
Füchse (definite nominative plural)
Fuchses (genitive singular)
Füchse (definite genitive plural)
Fuchs (dative singular)
Fuchse (dative singular)
Füchsen (dative definite plural)
Fuchs (accusative singular)
Füchse (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German vuhs, from Old High German fuhs, from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz, from Proto-Indo-European *púḱsos (“the tailed one”), from *puḱ- (“tail”). Cognate with English fox, Sanskrit पुच्छ (púccha).


parch

parch (nominative singular)
parchu (genitive singular)
parchowi (dative singular)
parch (accusative singular)
parchem (instrumental singular)
parchu (locative singular)
parchu (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pь̑rxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *piršas, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥s-o-s, from *pers-.

scab (fungal disease of plants and the lesions it causes)


scab

en-noun

scab (countable and uncountable, plural scabs)

From Middle English scabb, scabbe (also as shabbe, schabbe > English shab), from Old English sċeabb and Old Norse skabb, both from Proto-Germanic *skabbaz (“scab, scabies”), from Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ- (“to cut, split, carve, shape”). Doublet of shab. Cognate with German Schabe (“scabies”), Danish skab (“scab, scabies”), Swedish skabb (“scab, scabies”), Latin scabies (“scab, itch, mange”). Related also to Old English scafan (“to scrape, shave”), Latin scabere (“to scratch”), English shabby.

der

(phytopathology) Any one of various more or less destructive fungal diseases that attack cultivated plants, forming dark-colored crustlike spots.


canker

en-noun

canker (countable and uncountable, plural cankers)

From Middle English canker, cancre, from Old English cancer, akin to Dutch kanker, Old High German chanchar. Ultimately from Latin cancer (“a cancer”). Doublet of cancer, a later borrowing from Latin, and chancre, which came through French.

(phytopathology) A plant disease marked by gradual decay.


gala

gall (abnormal swelling growth on a plant)


gall

From Middle English galle, from Old French galle, from Latin galla (“oak-apple”).

Even so, Redi retained a belief that in certain other cases—the origin of parasites inside the human or animal body or of grubs inside of oak galls—there must be spontaneous generation. Bit by bit the evidence grew against such views. In 1670 Jan Swammerdam, painstaking student of the insect’s life cycle, suggested that the grubs in galls were enclosed in them for the sake of nourishment and must come from insects that had inserted their semen or their eggs into the plants.

1974, Philip P. Wiener, editor, Dictionary of the History of Ideas:

(phytopathology) A blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants, caused by various pathogens, especially the burrowing of insect larvae into the living tissues, such as that of the common oak gall wasp (Cynips quercusfolii).


wilt

wilt (countable and uncountable, plural wilts)

Recorded since 1691, probably an alteration of welk, itself from Middle English welken, presumed from Middle Dutch (preserved in modern inchoative verwelken) or Middle Low German welken (“to wither”), cognate with Old High German irwelhen (“to become soft”).

cog

(phytopathology) Any of various plant diseases characterized by wilting.


mofo

Unknown. Either deverbal from mofar or perhaps borrowed from Italian muffa (“mould, mildew”).

bor+

(phytopathology) mildew (growth of minute powdery or webby fungi on a plant)


blight

en-noun

blight (countable and uncountable, plural blights)

The etymology of the noun is uncertain; suggested derivations include the following:
* possibly related to Middle English blichening (“mildew or rust on grain, blight”), possibly related to Middle English bliken (“to gleam, shine; to turn pale”), from Old English blīcan (“to shine, sparkle”) (whence modern English blike (“(obsolete) to gleam, shine”); also compare Old Norse blikna (“to grow pallid”)), from Proto-West Germanic *blīkan (“to shine”), from Proto-Germanic *blīkaną (“to gleam, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ- (“to shine”); or
* since sense 2.2 is a diseased condition of the skin, possibly from Middle English *bleighte, *bleȝte, from Old English blǣcþa (“leprosy”) (related to blǣċe (“an itching skin-disease”) and blǣċo (“leprosy; paleness”)), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *blaikaz (“pale; white”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ- (“to shine”). If so, the word is a doublet of bleak.
The verb is derived from the noun.

cog

Proceed, inhuman Parent in thy Scorn; / Root up my Trees, vvith Blites deſtroy my Corn; / My Vineyards Ruin, and my Sheepfolds burn.

1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 136, lines 467–469:

As ſudden blights corrupt the ripen'd grain, / And of its verdure ſpoil the mournful plain; / So hapleſs love on blooming features preys, / So hapleſs love deſtroys our peaceful days.

1720, John Gay, “[Miscellanies.] Panthea. An Elegy.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, volume II, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], and Bernard Lintot, […], →OCLC, page 388, lines 337–340:

Some there are vvho imagine the moſt deſtructive Blights vvhich attend Fruit-Trees, are produc'd by ſmall Shovvers of Rain, or vvhite Hoar-Froſts falling upon the Bloſſoms of Fruit-trees, vvhich being ſucceeded by cold North or Eaſterly VVinds, or froſty Mornings, are the Occaſion of the frequent Blights vvhich happen in the Spring Seaſon: […]

1733, Philip Miller, “BLIGHTS”, in The Gardeners Dictionary: […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: […] C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC, column 1:

A blight in 1855–56 set back the industry, many plantations being ruined and then given over to sugar cane. After the blight had disappeared, the plantations were re-established, and prosperity continued for years.

1922, William H[arrison] Ukers, “Cultivation of the Coffee Plant”, in All About Coffee, New York, N.Y.: The Tea and Coffee Trade Journal Company, →OCLC, page 241, column 1:

A diseased condition suffered by a plant; specifically, a complete and rapid chlorosis, browning, then death of plant tissues such as floral organs, leaves, branches, or twigs, especially one caused by a fungus; a mildew, a rust, a smut.

главня

type of diseased condition of a plant — see also mildew, rust, smut

The cause of such a condition, often unseen but believed to be airborne; specifically, a bacterium, a virus, or (especially) a fungus; also, an aphid which attacks fruit trees.


blight

en-verb

blight (third-person singular simple present blights, present participle blighting, simple past and past participle blighted)

blights (present singular third-person)
blighting (participle present)
blighted (participle past)
blighted (past)
blight (infinitive)

But if it happens, as ſometimes it does, that this Vapour bears up along vvith it any noxious mineral Steams, it then blasts Vegetables, eſpecially thoſe vvhich are more young and tender: blights Corn and Fruits: and is ſometimes injurious even to Men vvho chance to be then abroad in the Fields.

1695, John Woodward, “Part IV. Of the Origin and Formation of Metalls and Minerals.”, in An Essay toward a Natural History of the Earth: And Terrestrial Bodies, Especially Minerals: […], London: […] Ric[hard] Wilkin […], →OCLC, pages 212–213:

In your eye there is death, / There is frost on your breath / Which would blight the plants.

1830 June, Alfred Tennyson, “The Poet’s Mind”, in Poems. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 51:

Oh, Love! like the blast of the desert thou blightest / The fairest of flowers with thy venomous breath.

1840 August, “The Talisman”, in The Citizen; a Monthly Journal of Politics, Literature, and Art, volume II, number X, Dublin: Machen and Company, […]; London: Simpkin and Marshall, and Richard Groombridge, →OCLC, stanza IV, page 157:

Much is permitted to the power of spirits, so that, being unseen and unperceived, they appear rather in their effects than in their acts: as when some lurking evil in the air blighteth the fruit or grain in the blossom, killeth it in the blade, woundeth it in its full growth, and when the atmosphere tainted in some secret way poureth over the earth its pestilential vapours.

1842, Tertullian, “The Book of Apology against the Heathen”, in C[harles] Dodgson, transl., edited by E[dward] B[ouverie] P[usey], Tertullian (A Library of Fathers of the Holy Catholic Church, […]; 10), volume I (Apologetic and Practical Treatises), Oxford, Oxfordshire: John Henry Parker; London: J. G. F. and J. Rivington, →OCLC, pages 54–55:

(phytopathology) To affect the fertility or growth of (a plant) with a blight (noun sense 1.1), especially one caused by a fungus; to blast, to mildew, to smut.

antaa ruostetauti

to affect the fertility or growth of (a plant) with a blight


lepra

From Latin lepra (“psoriasis & similar skin diseases”), from Koine Greek λέπρα (lépra, “psoriasis & similar skin diseases”), from λεπρός (leprós, “scaly”), from either λεπίς (lepís, “scale”) or λέπος (lépos, “husk, scale”) + -ρος (-ros, suffix forming adjectives). The shift of sense from psoriasis to Hansen's disease occurred in large part from the use of λέπρα (lépra) to translate Hebrew צרעת (“tzaraath”) in the Septuagint and its subsequent use in the New Testament and Late Latin.

der

Lepra is frequently met with on the trunks, especially of young trees.

1805, translation of Karl Ludwig Willdenow as The Principles of Botany and of Vegetable Physiology, p. 344

(botany, rare, obsolete) Any layer of algae, lichens, or other substance producing a leprosylike appearance on the surfaces of plants.


murrain

en-noun

murrain (countable and uncountable, plural murrains)

The noun is derived from Late Middle English morein, morine, moreyn (“(widespread) death; widespread sickness, plague; fatal disease; carnage; carrion”), from Anglo-Norman morine, mourine, moreyn (“death; widespread sickness, plague; carrion; cattle disease”), Middle French morine, and Old French morine, mourine, murine (“widespread sickness, plague; animal which has died from a disease”), from Late Latin morina (“plague”), probably from Latin morī, the present active infinitive of morior (“to die; to decay, wither”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”).
The adjective and adverb are derived from the noun.
Cognates
* Italian morìa (“plague”)
* Latin morticīnus (“that has died naturally, dead; (relational) carrion”) (Medieval Latin morticinium)
* Occitan moria (“death; plague”)
* Old French morie (“death”) mourie (“flesh of animals that have died of disease”) (Middle French murie)
* Portuguese morrinha (“cattle plague”)
* Spanish morriña (“cattle plague”)

cog

potato murrain

[H]e had reason to think that a murrain had fallen over the whole of the potato crops in England, and that, if it extended to Ireland, the most serious consequences must ensue.

1880, [Benjamin Disraeli], chapter XIV, in Endymion […], volume III, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, pages 141–142:

(countable, by extension, phytopathology) An infectious disease affecting plants.


mosaic

en-noun

mosaic (countable and uncountable, plural mosaics)

From Middle French mosaïque, from Italian mosaico, from Medieval Latin musaicum, from Late Latin musivum (opus), from Latin museum, musaeum, probably from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon), shrine of the Muses (Μοῦσα (Moûsa)).

(phytopathology) Any of several viral diseases that cause mosaic-like patterns to appear on leaves.


Dutch elm disease

Named after the country in which the disease was first identified. (It is not specific to Dutch elms.)

The village is a dignified place of thatch, half-timbering, box hedges and neat farms, set among elms (though not as many as formerly, since Dutch elm disease took its toll) on the level plain of the Pewsey Vale.

1980, AA Book of English Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 67:

The process began 50 years ago when Europe’s elms were ravaged by the beetle-borne fungal malady misnamed ʻDutch elm diseaseʼ (which, in fact, is Asian).

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 296:

(phytopathology) A disease of elm trees caused by ascomycete fungi in the genus Ophiostoma and spread by bark beetles.


galas

galas (nominative singular)
galasy (nominative plural)
galasu (genitive singular)
galasów (genitive plural)
galasowi (dative singular)
galasom (dative plural)
galas (accusative singular)
galasy (accusative plural)
galasem (instrumental singular)
galasami (instrumental plural)
galasie (locative singular)
galasach (locative plural)
galasie (singular vocative)
galasy (plural vocative)

gall (blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants)


dry rot

(phytopathology) A fungal infection which affects plants, in particular potatoes.


root rot

root rot (countable and uncountable, plural root rots)

(phytopathology) Any of several plant fungal diseases caused by having overwet roots.


black spot

black spot (countable and uncountable, plural black spots)

In areas where black spot is only a problem after heavy rain or later in the season, restrict spraying to these times, or if yellowing or spotted foliage is detected.

2006, Mary Moody, Mary Moody's Roses, Allen & Unwin, →ISBN, page 20:

(phytopathology, uncountable) A fungal disease among plants, particularly roses, that results in black spots on the leaves.


potato blight

They say they used to give pauper children soup to change to protestants in the time of the potato blight.

1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 8]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

Phytophthora infestans
Phytophthora infestans#Translingual

(phytopathology) A devastating disease of potatoes caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans.

perunarutto

Phytophthora infestans, disease of potatoes


crown gall

(phytopathology) A disease of plants caused by infection of soil bacteria of the genus Agrobacterium


leaf spot

(phytopathology) Any of various fungal or bacterial diseases of plants that cause blemishes on their leaves.


head blight

(phytopathology) a blight afflicting the seed heads or inflorescences of cereal crops


yellows

(archaic) A disease of plants, especially peach trees, in which the leaves turn a yellowish colour.


blister blight

(phytopathology) An infection of tea plants, caused by the fungus Exobasidium vexans, characterized by blister-like lesions on the leaves.

(phytopathology) A similar disease of some pines caused by Cronartium asclepiadeum.


ожог

ru-noun+

ожо́г • (ožóg) m inan (genitive ожо́га, nominative plural ожо́ги, genitive plural ожо́гов, relational adjective ожо́говый)

ожо́г (canonical)
ožóg (romanization)
ожо́га (genitive)
ожо́ги (nominative plural)
ожо́гов (genitive plural)
ожо́говый (adjective relational)
ожо́г (nominative singular)
ожо́ги (nominative plural)
ожо́га (genitive singular)
ожо́гов (genitive plural)
ожо́гу (dative singular)
ожо́гам (dative plural)
ожо́г (accusative singular)
ожо́ги (accusative plural)
ожо́гом (instrumental singular)
ожо́гами (instrumental plural)
ожо́ге (prepositional singular)
ожо́гах (plural prepositional)


rdza

rdza (nominative singular)
rdzy (genitive singular)
rdzy (dative singular)
rdzę (accusative singular)
rdzą (instrumental singular)
rdzy (locative singular)
rdzo (singular vocative)

drdza

Southern Greater Poland, Central Greater Poland, Kuyavia, Near Masovian


ferrugem

[feˈχu.ʒẽɪ̯̃]

/fɨˈʁu.ʒɐ̃j̃/

From Old Galician-Portuguese ferrugen, from Latin ferrūginem.

(phytopathology) rust; ferrugo (plant disease caused by fungus)


bielik

bielik m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
bielik (nominative singular)
bieliki (nominative plural)
bielika (genitive singular)
bielików (genitive plural)
bielikowi (dative singular)
bielikom (dative plural)
bielika (accusative singular)
bielik (accusative singular)
bieliki (accusative plural)
bielikiem (instrumental singular)
bielikami (instrumental plural)
bieliku (locative singular)
bielikach (locative plural)
bieliku (singular vocative)
bieliki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish bielik. By surface analysis, biel + -ik.

Albugo candida
Albugo candida#Translingual

white rust (disease of some plants caused by the pathogen Albugo candida)


brown spot

en-noun

brown spot (countable and uncountable, plural brown spots)

(uncountable) A fungal disease of some plants characterized by brown spots on the leaves


anthracnose

anthracnose (countable and uncountable, plural anthracnoses)

(phytopathology) Any of several fungal diseases that affect many plants and trees.

caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides


clubroot

clubroot (countable and uncountable, plural clubroots)

Plasmodiophora brassicae
Plasmodiophora brassicae

(phytopathology) A common disease of cabbages, radishes, turnips, and other plants of the Cruciferae, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, in which galls form on latent roots, rendering them clublike.


soybean rust

(phytopathology) A fungal disease of soybeans and other legumes, caused by Phakopsora spp..


leaf curl

Any of several plant diseases, caused by diverse fungi or viruses, characterized by curling of leaves.


noble rot

‘You said they occasionally deliberately infect the grapes with the noble rot,’ I said.

2019, Ben Aaronovitch, The October Man, Gollancz, page 20:

Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinerea#Translingual

A benevolent form of the fungus Botrytis cinerea which, in the right conditions, leads to a concentrated sweet wine.


leafroll

leafroll (usually uncountable, plural leafrolls)

A viral condition of certain plants, such as potato plants and grapevines, in which new leaves curl and become discoloured.


tobacco mosaic

As is the case with tobacco mosaic, the disease has been successfully transmitted by inoculating healthy plants with juice pressed out of diseased plants.

1920, Journal of agricultural research, volume 19, page 131:

(phytopathology) A disease of tobacco plants, characterized by mottled leaves, caused by this virus.


fire blight

fire blight (countable and uncountable, plural fire blights)

Pear growers also often reported scab and fire blights as the most damaging diseases.

1949, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Information Bulletin, page xv:

This paper reports on the transformation of apple aimed on an improvement of resistance to fire blight. Fire blight is a serious disease, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, affecting apple, pear and other members of the Rosaceous family.

2003, Viola Hanke, Klaus Geider, Klaus Richter, “Transgenic Apple Plants Expressing EPS-depolymerase: Evaluation of resistance to the phytopathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora”, in Indra K. Vasil, editor, Plant Biotechnology 2002 and Beyond: Proceedings of the 10th IAPTC&B Congress, page 153:

A very serious bacterial disease in North America and Europe is fire blight, which can be most destructive to pears. In the past, fire blight led to big losses in the USA, destroying established pear orchards in one season.

2008, A. T. G. Elzebroek, Guide to Cultivated Plants, page 82:

(phytopathology) A bacterial plant disease, caused by Erwinia amylovora, that affects apples, pears and some other members of the Rosaceae family.


ferrugo

Borrowed from Latin ferrūgō (“iron rust”), from ferrum (“iron”).


whiptail

en-noun

whiptail (countable and uncountable, plural whiptails)

Any of many New World lizards, of the family Teiidae, that have long, slender tails.

Social status may be less important to red-necked wallabies, which, unlike whiptails, are "essentially solitary" (McEvoy 1970).

1977, New Zealand Journal of Zoology, volume 4, number 4, page 409:

pretty-faced wallaby
pretty-faced wallaby

A pretty-faced wallaby (Macropus parryi).

A catfish of species Dasyloricaria filamentosa.


мозаика

ru-noun+

моза́ика • (mozáika) f inan (genitive моза́ики, nominative plural моза́ики, genitive plural моза́ик, relational adjective мозаи́чный)

моза́ика (canonical)
mozáika (romanization)
моза́ики (genitive)
моза́ики (nominative plural)
моза́ик (genitive plural)
мозаи́чный (adjective relational)
моза́ика (nominative singular)
моза́ики (nominative plural)
моза́ики (genitive singular)
моза́ик (genitive plural)
моза́ике (dative singular)
моза́икам (dative plural)
моза́ику (accusative singular)
моза́ики (accusative plural)
моза́икой (instrumental singular)
моза́икою (instrumental singular)
моза́иками (instrumental plural)
моза́ике (prepositional singular)
моза́иках (plural prepositional)
моза́ика (dated nominative singular)
моза́ики (dated nominative plural)
моза́ики (dated genitive singular)
моза́икъ (dated genitive plural)
моза́икѣ (dated dative singular)
моза́икамъ (dated dative plural)
моза́ику (accusative dated singular)
моза́ики (accusative dated plural)
моза́икой (dated instrumental singular)
моза́икою (dated instrumental singular)
моза́иками (dated instrumental plural)
моза́икѣ (dated prepositional singular)
моза́икахъ (dated plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Italian mosaico, from Medieval Latin musaicum.


ringspot

en-noun

ringspot (countable and uncountable, plural ringspots)

Disease name: Tobacco rattle Causal virus: Tobacco rattle virus Symptoms: Necrotic local lesions, necrotic or chlorotic ringspots, systemic necrosis, ringspots, line patterns, mottling are the various symptoms induced in tobacco depending on the environment and cultivars.

(phytopathology) A symptom of various viral infections in plants.


carbunculus

la-noun

carbunculus m (genitive carbunculī); second declension

carbunculī (genitive)
carbunculus (nominative singular)
carbunculī (nominative plural)
carbunculī (genitive singular)
carbunculōrum (genitive plural)
carbunculō (dative singular)
carbunculīs (dative plural)
carbunculum (accusative singular)
carbunculōs (accusative plural)
carbunculō (ablative singular)
carbunculīs (ablative plural)
carbuncule (singular vocative)
carbunculī (plural vocative)

Inherited:

Italian: carbonchio, ⇒ scarbonchiare

desc

Old Catalan: carbonclo, carblonco, corblonco, carvoncle

Catalan: carboncle

Old Occitan: carbuncle, carboncle

Occitan: carboncle

Semi-learned:

→ Galician: caruncho, carbuncho

→ Italian: carboncolo, ⇒ scarboncolo

→? Old Northern French: carboncle, charbuncle, carbuncle, charboucle, carboucle

→ English: carbuncle

French: carboncle, carboucle, ⇒ escarboucle

→ Spanish: carbunclo

Learned:

→ Galician: carbúnculo, cabrunco, carbunco

→ Italian: carbuncolo, carbunculo, carbonculo

→ Portuguese: carbúnculo

→ Russian: карбу́нкул (karbúnkul)

→ Spanish: carbúnculo

[kärˈbʊŋkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From carbō (“coal, charcoal”) + -culus (diminutive nominal suffix).

af

(phytopathology) disease caused by hoar-frost


rubigo

/ɹuːˈbaɪɡəʊ/

Dr. Darwin supposes that the rubigo which shows itself in a ferruginous powder beneath the leaves of vegetables previously diseased, may be a fungus (like the eurisiphe or mildew)[…]

1804, Annals of agriculture and other useful arts:

(phytopathology, obsolete) rust (fungal disease of plants)


brown rot

(phytopathology) A fungal disease of stone fruit such as peaches and nectarines, caused by the fungus Monilinia fructicola


šarka

šarka (nominative singular)
šarky (nominative plural)
šarky (genitive singular)
šarek (genitive plural)
šarce (dative singular)
šarkám (dative plural)
šarku (accusative singular)
šarky (accusative plural)
šarko (singular vocative)
šarky (plural vocative)
šarce (locative singular)
šarkách (locative plural)
šarkou (instrumental singular)
šarkami (instrumental plural)


white rust

(phytopathology) A disease of some plants caused by the pathogen Albugo candida


amalas

lt-noun

ãmalas m (plural amalaĩ) stress pattern 3ᵇ

ãmalas m stress pattern 3ᵇ (canonical)
amalaĩ (plural)
ãmalas (nominative singular)
amalaĩ (nominative plural)
ãmalo (genitive singular)
amalų̃ (genitive plural)
ãmalui (dative singular)
amaláms (dative plural)
ãmalą (accusative singular)
ãmalus (accusative plural)
ãmalu (instrumental singular)
amalaĩs (instrumental plural)
amalè (locative singular)
amaluosè (locative plural)
ãmale (singular vocative)
amalaĩ (plural vocative)

Cognate to Latvian amuols, ãmulis, Old Prussian emelno (“mistletoe”), Proto-Slavic *emela (“mistletoe”).
Plausibly a borrowing from a non-Indo-European language.

Alternative form of ãmaras (“aphid; the plant disease of being affected by aphids”)

ãmaras

blight, rust (as a crop disease likened to heat lightning)


ash dieback

Ash dieback is a major concern. Only ten years after its identification in the UK, the risks posed by dead and diseased trees is rising, says NR. In 2020, ash dieback was present in 73% of ash trees in England, 92% in Wales, and 21% in Scotland, with a rapid increase in tree mortality rates over the next six years expected.

2023 August 9, Mel Holley, “Network News: Scotland's £4.2bn plan to ensure network stability”, in RAIL, number 989, page 24:

(phytopathology) Dieback of ash trees caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus.


bunchy top

A viral disease of various plants, including banana and tomato plants, caused by the Nanoviridae.


rovell

Inherited from Old Catalan roveyl, from Vulgar Latin *rōbĭclus, diminutive based on Latin rōbīgō (“rust”). First attested in the 13th century. Compare Occitan rovilh, French rouille, Spanish robín.


Texas root rot

A soil-borne fungus, Phymatotrichopsis omnivora, that attacks the roots of susceptible plants.


witch's broom

en-noun

witch's broom (countable and uncountable, plural witch's brooms)

(phytopathology) A disease or deformity in a woody plant, typically a tree, such that the natural structure of the plant is changed so that a dense mass of shoots grows from a single point.


rice blast

(phytopathology) A disease of rice caused by the fungus Magnaporthe grisea.


míldio

(phytopathology) disease-causing mildew, especially those that affect grapevines


black rust

(phytopathology) A disease of wheat, in which a black, moist substance is deposited in the fissures of the grain.


little peach

A disease of peaches caused by Phytoplasma spp., in which the fruit is much dwarfed and the leaves grow small and thin.


ramularia

" For instance, breeding barley that resists ramularia, a disease that emerged in 1998, "will take at least 10 years.

2009 January 23, Sara Coelho, “AGRICULTURE: European Pesticide Rules Promote Resistance, Researchers Warn”, in Science, volume 323, number 5913, →DOI:

(phytopathology) A disease of barley, more fully ramularia leaf spot, caused by fungi of the genus Ramularia


antracnose

(phytopathology) anthracnose (any of several fungal plant diseases)


halo blight

(phytopathology) A bacterial disease of bean plants, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola.


early blight

(phytopathology) A disease of tomato and potato plants caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, producing distinctive bullseye-patterned leaf spots, stem lesions, fruit rot on tomato and tuber blight on potato.


red rot

(phytopathology) A disease of sugar cane caused by the fungus Glomerella tucumanensis.


zgorzel

zgorzel (nominative singular)
zgorzele (nominative plural)
zgorzeli (genitive singular)
zgorzeli (genitive plural)
zgorzeli (dative singular)
zgorzelom (dative plural)
zgorzel (accusative singular)
zgorzele (accusative plural)
zgorzelą (instrumental singular)
zgorzelami (instrumental plural)
zgorzeli (locative singular)
zgorzelach (locative plural)
zgorzeli (singular vocative)
zgorzele (plural vocative)

gangrene (plant disease caused by parasitic fungi, bacteria, or physical trauma; symptoms include spotting, yellowing, and withering)


ramulária

(phytopathology) ramularia (plant disease caused by Ramularia fungi)


eumusae leaf spot

emusae leaf spot (plural eumusae leaf spots)

emusae leaf spot (canonical)
eumusae leaf spots (plural)

Pseudocercospora eumusae
Pseudocercospora eumusae#Translingual

One of the Sigatoka group of fungal diseases threatening the crop of Cavendish bananas, caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella eumusae (anamorph: Pseudocercospora eumusae)


yellow patch

Throughout the year pathologists receive numerous samples of yellow, creeping bentgrass or annual bluegrass (Poa annua) from putting greens. In autumn or spring, superintendents sometimes suspect that yellow tuft (Sclerophthora macrospora) or yellow patch (Rhizoctonia cerealis) diseases are the problem.

2002, Peter H. Dernoeden, Creeping Bentgrass Management: Summer Stresses, Weeds and Selected Maladies, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., →ISBN, page 25:

Yellow patch, sometimes called cool-temperature brown patch, develops during prolonged cool (50-65°F; 10-18°C), overcast, and moist periods from late autumn to early spring.

2013, Thomas L. Watschke, Peter H. Dernoeden, David J. Shetlar, Managing Turfgrass Pests, →ISBN, page 97:

(mycology, pathology) A disease affecting several varieties of grasses, including bentgrasses, annual bluegrass, some perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, which results in the development of yellow or brown rings.


slime flux

(phytopathology) An infection occurring in some tree species that causes a foul smelling fluid to ooze from infected wood and bark.


rugose mosaic

A plant disease identified by a marked wrinkling of the leaves and greater chlorosis and dwarfing compared with other mosaic diseases.


citrus black spot

(phytopathology) A disease of citrus plants caused by the Guignardia citricarpa fungus.


parddu

(phytopathology) smut (fungi in the class Ustilaginomycetes and the diseases that they cause in plants)


śnieć

śnieć (nominative singular)
śniecie (nominative plural)
śnieci (genitive singular)
śnieci (genitive plural)
śnieci (dative singular)
śnieciom (dative plural)
śnieć (accusative singular)
śniecie (accusative plural)
śniecią (instrumental singular)
śnieciami (instrumental plural)
śnieci (locative singular)
śnieciach (locative plural)
śnieci (singular vocative)
śniecie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish śnieć, from Proto-Slavic *snětь.


rengasruoste

rengasruoste (nominative singular)
rengasruosteet (nominative plural)
rengasruoste (accusative nominative singular)
rengasruosteet (accusative nominative plural)
rengasruosteen (accusative genitive singular)
rengasruosteet (accusative genitive plural)
rengasruosteen (genitive singular)
rengasruosteiden (genitive plural)
rengasruosteitten (genitive plural)
rengasruostetta (partitive singular)
rengasruosteita (partitive plural)
rengasruosteessa (inessive singular)
rengasruosteissa (inessive plural)
rengasruosteesta (elative singular)
rengasruosteista (elative plural)
rengasruosteeseen (illative singular)
rengasruosteisiin (illative plural)
rengasruosteihin (illative plural)
rengasruosteella (adessive singular)
rengasruosteilla (adessive plural)
rengasruosteelta (ablative singular)
rengasruosteilta (ablative plural)
rengasruosteelle (allative singular)
rengasruosteille (allative plural)
rengasruosteena (essive singular)
rengasruosteina (essive plural)
rengasruosteeksi (singular translative)
rengasruosteiksi (plural translative)
rengasruosteetta (abessive singular)
rengasruosteitta (abessive plural)
rengasruostein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
rengasruosteeni (nominative singular)
rengasruosteeni (nominative plural)
rengasruosteeni (accusative nominative singular)
rengasruosteeni (accusative nominative plural)
rengasruosteeni (accusative genitive singular)
rengasruosteeni (accusative genitive plural)
rengasruosteeni (genitive singular)
rengasruosteideni (genitive plural)
rengasruosteitteni (genitive plural)
rengasruostettani (partitive singular)
rengasruosteitani (partitive plural)
rengasruosteessani (inessive singular)
rengasruosteissani (inessive plural)
rengasruosteestani (elative singular)
rengasruosteistani (elative plural)
rengasruosteeseeni (illative singular)
rengasruosteisiini (illative plural)
rengasruosteihini (illative plural)
rengasruosteellani (adessive singular)
rengasruosteillani (adessive plural)
rengasruosteeltani (ablative singular)
rengasruosteiltani (ablative plural)
rengasruosteelleni (allative singular)
rengasruosteilleni (allative plural)
rengasruosteenani (essive singular)
rengasruosteinani (essive plural)
rengasruosteekseni (singular translative)
rengasruosteikseni (plural translative)
rengasruosteettani (abessive singular)
rengasruosteittani (abessive plural)
rengasruosteineni (comitative plural)
rengasruosteesi (nominative singular)
rengasruosteesi (nominative plural)
rengasruosteesi (accusative nominative singular)
rengasruosteesi (accusative nominative plural)
rengasruosteesi (accusative genitive singular)
rengasruosteesi (accusative genitive plural)
rengasruosteesi (genitive singular)
rengasruosteidesi (genitive plural)
rengasruosteittesi (genitive plural)
rengasruostettasi (partitive singular)
rengasruosteitasi (partitive plural)
rengasruosteessasi (inessive singular)
rengasruosteissasi (inessive plural)
rengasruosteestasi (elative singular)
rengasruosteistasi (elative plural)
rengasruosteeseesi (illative singular)
rengasruosteisiisi (illative plural)
rengasruosteihisi (illative plural)
rengasruosteellasi (adessive singular)
rengasruosteillasi (adessive plural)
rengasruosteeltasi (ablative singular)
rengasruosteiltasi (ablative plural)
rengasruosteellesi (allative singular)
rengasruosteillesi (allative plural)
rengasruosteenasi (essive singular)
rengasruosteinasi (essive plural)
rengasruosteeksesi (singular translative)
rengasruosteiksesi (plural translative)
rengasruosteettasi (abessive singular)
rengasruosteittasi (abessive plural)
rengasruosteinesi (comitative plural)
rengasruosteemme (nominative singular)
rengasruosteemme (nominative plural)
rengasruosteemme (accusative nominative singular)
rengasruosteemme (accusative nominative plural)
rengasruosteemme (accusative genitive singular)
rengasruosteemme (accusative genitive plural)
rengasruosteemme (genitive singular)
rengasruosteidemme (genitive plural)
rengasruosteittemme (genitive plural)
rengasruostettamme (partitive singular)
rengasruosteitamme (partitive plural)
rengasruosteessamme (inessive singular)
rengasruosteissamme (inessive plural)
rengasruosteestamme (elative singular)
rengasruosteistamme (elative plural)
rengasruosteeseemme (illative singular)
rengasruosteisiimme (illative plural)
rengasruosteihimme (illative plural)
rengasruosteellamme (adessive singular)
rengasruosteillamme (adessive plural)
rengasruosteeltamme (ablative singular)
rengasruosteiltamme (ablative plural)
rengasruosteellemme (allative singular)
rengasruosteillemme (allative plural)
rengasruosteenamme (essive singular)
rengasruosteinamme (essive plural)
rengasruosteeksemme (singular translative)
rengasruosteiksemme (plural translative)
rengasruosteettamme (abessive singular)
rengasruosteittamme (abessive plural)
rengasruosteinemme (comitative plural)
rengasruosteenne (nominative singular)
rengasruosteenne (nominative plural)
rengasruosteenne (accusative nominative singular)
rengasruosteenne (accusative nominative plural)
rengasruosteenne (accusative genitive singular)
rengasruosteenne (accusative genitive plural)
rengasruosteenne (genitive singular)
rengasruosteidenne (genitive plural)
rengasruosteittenne (genitive plural)
rengasruostettanne (partitive singular)
rengasruosteitanne (partitive plural)
rengasruosteessanne (inessive singular)
rengasruosteissanne (inessive plural)
rengasruosteestanne (elative singular)
rengasruosteistanne (elative plural)
rengasruosteeseenne (illative singular)
rengasruosteisiinne (illative plural)
rengasruosteihinne (illative plural)
rengasruosteellanne (adessive singular)
rengasruosteillanne (adessive plural)
rengasruosteeltanne (ablative singular)
rengasruosteiltanne (ablative plural)
rengasruosteellenne (allative singular)
rengasruosteillenne (allative plural)
rengasruosteenanne (essive singular)
rengasruosteinanne (essive plural)
rengasruosteeksenne (singular translative)
rengasruosteiksenne (plural translative)
rengasruosteettanne (abessive singular)
rengasruosteittanne (abessive plural)
rengasruosteinenne (comitative plural)
rengasruosteensa (nominative singular)
rengasruosteensa (nominative plural)
rengasruosteensa (accusative nominative singular)
rengasruosteensa (accusative nominative plural)
rengasruosteensa (accusative genitive singular)
rengasruosteensa (accusative genitive plural)
rengasruosteensa (genitive singular)
rengasruosteidensa (genitive plural)
rengasruosteittensa (genitive plural)
rengasruostettaan (partitive singular)
rengasruostettansa (partitive singular)
rengasruosteitaan (partitive plural)
rengasruosteitansa (partitive plural)
rengasruosteessaan (inessive singular)
rengasruosteessansa (inessive singular)
rengasruosteissaan (inessive plural)
rengasruosteissansa (inessive plural)
rengasruosteestaan (elative singular)
rengasruosteestansa (elative singular)
rengasruosteistaan (elative plural)
rengasruosteistansa (elative plural)
rengasruosteeseensa (illative singular)
rengasruosteisiinsa (illative plural)
rengasruosteihinsa (illative plural)
rengasruosteellaan (adessive singular)
rengasruosteellansa (adessive singular)
rengasruosteillaan (adessive plural)
rengasruosteillansa (adessive plural)
rengasruosteeltaan (ablative singular)
rengasruosteeltansa (ablative singular)
rengasruosteiltaan (ablative plural)
rengasruosteiltansa (ablative plural)
rengasruosteelleen (allative singular)
rengasruosteellensa (allative singular)
rengasruosteilleen (allative plural)
rengasruosteillensa (allative plural)
rengasruosteenaan (essive singular)
rengasruosteenansa (essive singular)
rengasruosteinaan (essive plural)
rengasruosteinansa (essive plural)
rengasruosteekseen (singular translative)
rengasruosteeksensa (singular translative)
rengasruosteikseen (plural translative)
rengasruosteiksensa (plural translative)
rengasruosteettaan (abessive singular)
rengasruosteettansa (abessive singular)
rengasruosteittaan (abessive plural)
rengasruosteittansa (abessive plural)
rengasruosteineen (comitative plural)
rengasruosteinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈre̞ŋːɑ̝s̠ˌruo̞̯s̠te̞(ʔ)]

Puccinia coronata
Wikispecies:Puccinia coronata

crown rust (plant disease caused by Puccinia coronata)


tuulenpesä

tuulenpesä (nominative singular)
tuulenpesät (nominative plural)
tuulenpesän (genitive singular)
tuulenpessiin (genitive plural)
tuulenpessää (partitive singular)
tuulenpessiä (partitive plural)
tuulenpessää (illative singular)
tuulenpessii (illative plural)
tuulenpesäs (inessive singular)
tuulenpesis (inessive plural)
tuulenpesäst (elative singular)
tuulenpesist (elative plural)
tuulenpesälle (allative singular)
tuulenpesille (allative plural)
tuulenpesäl (adessive singular)
tuulenpesil (adessive plural)
tuulenpesält (ablative singular)
tuulenpesilt (ablative plural)
tuulenpesäks (singular translative)
tuulenpesiks (plural translative)
tuulenpesännä (essive singular)
tuulenpessään (essive singular)
tuulenpesinnä (essive plural)
tuulenpessiin (essive plural)
tuulenpesänt (exessive singular)
tuulenpesint (exessive plural)

[ˈtuːɫəmˌpe̞s̠æ]

[ˈtuːɫe̞mˌb̥e̞ʒ̥æ]

From tuulen (“of wind”) + pesä (“nest”). Akin to Finnish tuulenpesä.


dzieciuch

dzieciuchy (nominative plural)
dzieciuchów (genitive plural)
dzieciuchom (dative plural)
dzieciuchy (accusative plural)
dzieciuchami (instrumental plural)
dzieciuchach (locative plural)
dzieciuchy (plural vocative)


zgorzelina

zgorzelina (nominative singular)
zgorzeliny (nominative plural)
zgorzeliny (genitive singular)
zgorzelin (genitive plural)
zgorzelinie (dative singular)
zgorzelinom (dative plural)
zgorzelinę (accusative singular)
zgorzeliny (accusative plural)
zgorzeliną (instrumental singular)
zgorzelinami (instrumental plural)
zgorzelinie (locative singular)
zgorzelinach (locative plural)
zgorzelino (singular vocative)
zgorzeliny (plural vocative)

cinder (partially or mostly burnt material)


oparzelina

oparzelina (nominative singular)
oparzeliny (nominative plural)
oparzeliny (genitive singular)
oparzelin (genitive plural)
oparzelinie (dative singular)
oparzelinom (dative plural)
oparzelinę (accusative singular)
oparzeliny (accusative plural)
oparzeliną (instrumental singular)
oparzelinami (instrumental plural)
oparzelinie (locative singular)
oparzelinach (locative plural)
oparzelino (singular vocative)
oparzeliny (plural vocative)


cawod

cawodau (plural)
cawodydd (plural)
cawod
gawod (soft)
nghawod
chawod

From Middle Welsh cawat, from Proto-Celtic *kowotos (compare Cornish kowas, Breton kaouad), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁w- (“cold, rainy; north”); compare Latin caurus (“northwestern wind”), Lithuanian šiáurė (“north”), Russian се́вер (séver, “north”).


klejotok

klejotok (nominative singular)
klejotoky (nominative plural)
klejotoku (genitive singular)
klejotoků (genitive plural)
klejotoku (dative singular)
klejotokům (dative plural)
klejotok (accusative singular)
klejotoky (accusative plural)
klejotoku (singular vocative)
klejotoky (plural vocative)
klejotoku (locative singular)
klejotocích (locative plural)
klejotokem (instrumental singular)
klejotoky (instrumental plural)


главня

bg-noun

главня́ • (glavnjá) f

главня́ (canonical)
glavnjá (romanization)
главня́ (indefinite singular)
главни́ (indefinite plural)
главня́та (definite singular)
главни́те (definite plural)

Likely from the same origin as Etymology 1.

smut (fungus that causes the infectious disease)


главня

главня́ • (glavnjá) f

Probably from глава́ (glavá, “head”) + -ня (-nja), originally meaning head-like, shaped like a head.

(dialectal) maul (sledgehammer with a large head)


根癌

/kən⁵⁵ ˀaɪ̯³⁵/

/kən⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/kən⁵⁵ ˀaɪ̯³⁵/

/kən⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/


парша

ru-noun+

парша́ • (paršá) f inan (genitive парши́, nominative plural парши́, genitive plural парше́й)

парша́ (canonical)
paršá (romanization)
парши́ (genitive)
парши́ (nominative plural)
парше́й (genitive plural)
парша́ (nominative singular)
парши́ (nominative plural)
парши́ (genitive singular)
парше́й (genitive plural)
парше́ (dative singular)
парша́м (dative plural)
паршу́ (accusative singular)
парши́ (accusative plural)
паршо́й (instrumental singular)
паршо́ю (instrumental singular)
парша́ми (instrumental plural)
парше́ (prepositional singular)
парша́х (plural prepositional)
парша́ (dated nominative singular)
парши́ (dated nominative plural)
парши́ (dated genitive singular)
парше́й (dated genitive plural)
паршѣ́ (dated dative singular)
парша́мъ (dated dative plural)
паршу́ (accusative dated singular)
парши́ (accusative dated plural)
паршо́й (dated instrumental singular)
паршо́ю (dated instrumental singular)
парша́ми (dated instrumental plural)
паршѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
парша́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

First attested 18th century. Cognate with пе́рхоть (pérxotʹ, “dandruff”) and ultimately derives from Proto-Slavic *pьrxъ, but the exact etymology is unclear: the term might either be inherited from Old East Slavic or borrowed from Polish parch. Compare with Ukrainian па́рша (párša).

парша́ я́блони

(phytopathology) scab (fungal disease of plants)


ronya

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *ronea, variant of Latin arānea (“spiderweb”).


surmakka

surmakka (nominative singular)
surmakat (nominative plural)
surmakka (accusative nominative singular)
surmakat (accusative nominative plural)
surmakan (accusative genitive singular)
surmakat (accusative genitive plural)
surmakan (genitive singular)
surmakoiden (genitive plural)
surmakoitten (genitive plural)
surmakkojen (genitive plural)
surmakkain (genitive plural rare)
surmakkaa (partitive singular)
surmakoita (partitive plural)
surmakkoja (partitive plural)
surmakassa (inessive singular)
surmakoissa (inessive plural)
surmakasta (elative singular)
surmakoista (elative plural)
surmakkaan (illative singular)
surmakoihin (illative plural)
surmakkoihin (illative plural)
surmakalla (adessive singular)
surmakoilla (adessive plural)
surmakalta (ablative singular)
surmakoilta (ablative plural)
surmakalle (allative singular)
surmakoille (allative plural)
surmakkana (essive singular)
surmakkoina (essive plural)
surmakaksi (singular translative)
surmakoiksi (plural translative)
surmakatta (abessive singular)
surmakoitta (abessive plural)
surmakoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
surmakkani (nominative singular)
surmakkani (nominative plural)
surmakkani (accusative nominative singular)
surmakkani (accusative nominative plural)
surmakkani (accusative genitive singular)
surmakkani (accusative genitive plural)
surmakkani (genitive singular)
surmakoideni (genitive plural)
surmakoitteni (genitive plural)
surmakkojeni (genitive plural)
surmakkaini (genitive plural rare)
surmakkaani (partitive singular)
surmakoitani (partitive plural)
surmakkojani (partitive plural)
surmakassani (inessive singular)
surmakoissani (inessive plural)
surmakastani (elative singular)
surmakoistani (elative plural)
surmakkaani (illative singular)
surmakoihini (illative plural)
surmakkoihini (illative plural)
surmakallani (adessive singular)
surmakoillani (adessive plural)
surmakaltani (ablative singular)
surmakoiltani (ablative plural)
surmakalleni (allative singular)
surmakoilleni (allative plural)
surmakkanani (essive singular)
surmakkoinani (essive plural)
surmakakseni (singular translative)
surmakoikseni (plural translative)
surmakattani (abessive singular)
surmakoittani (abessive plural)
surmakkoineni (comitative plural)
surmakkasi (nominative singular)
surmakkasi (nominative plural)
surmakkasi (accusative nominative singular)
surmakkasi (accusative nominative plural)
surmakkasi (accusative genitive singular)
surmakkasi (accusative genitive plural)
surmakkasi (genitive singular)
surmakoidesi (genitive plural)
surmakoittesi (genitive plural)
surmakkojesi (genitive plural)
surmakkaisi (genitive plural rare)
surmakkaasi (partitive singular)
surmakoitasi (partitive plural)
surmakkojasi (partitive plural)
surmakassasi (inessive singular)
surmakoissasi (inessive plural)
surmakastasi (elative singular)
surmakoistasi (elative plural)
surmakkaasi (illative singular)
surmakoihisi (illative plural)
surmakkoihisi (illative plural)
surmakallasi (adessive singular)
surmakoillasi (adessive plural)
surmakaltasi (ablative singular)
surmakoiltasi (ablative plural)
surmakallesi (allative singular)
surmakoillesi (allative plural)
surmakkanasi (essive singular)
surmakkoinasi (essive plural)
surmakaksesi (singular translative)
surmakoiksesi (plural translative)
surmakattasi (abessive singular)
surmakoittasi (abessive plural)
surmakkoinesi (comitative plural)
surmakkamme (nominative singular)
surmakkamme (nominative plural)
surmakkamme (accusative nominative singular)
surmakkamme (accusative nominative plural)
surmakkamme (accusative genitive singular)
surmakkamme (accusative genitive plural)
surmakkamme (genitive singular)
surmakoidemme (genitive plural)
surmakoittemme (genitive plural)
surmakkojemme (genitive plural)
surmakkaimme (genitive plural rare)
surmakkaamme (partitive singular)
surmakoitamme (partitive plural)
surmakkojamme (partitive plural)
surmakassamme (inessive singular)
surmakoissamme (inessive plural)
surmakastamme (elative singular)
surmakoistamme (elative plural)
surmakkaamme (illative singular)
surmakoihimme (illative plural)
surmakkoihimme (illative plural)
surmakallamme (adessive singular)
surmakoillamme (adessive plural)
surmakaltamme (ablative singular)
surmakoiltamme (ablative plural)
surmakallemme (allative singular)
surmakoillemme (allative plural)
surmakkanamme (essive singular)
surmakkoinamme (essive plural)
surmakaksemme (singular translative)
surmakoiksemme (plural translative)
surmakattamme (abessive singular)
surmakoittamme (abessive plural)
surmakkoinemme (comitative plural)
surmakkanne (nominative singular)
surmakkanne (nominative plural)
surmakkanne (accusative nominative singular)
surmakkanne (accusative nominative plural)
surmakkanne (accusative genitive singular)
surmakkanne (accusative genitive plural)
surmakkanne (genitive singular)
surmakoidenne (genitive plural)
surmakoittenne (genitive plural)
surmakkojenne (genitive plural)
surmakkainne (genitive plural rare)
surmakkaanne (partitive singular)
surmakoitanne (partitive plural)
surmakkojanne (partitive plural)
surmakassanne (inessive singular)
surmakoissanne (inessive plural)
surmakastanne (elative singular)
surmakoistanne (elative plural)
surmakkaanne (illative singular)
surmakoihinne (illative plural)
surmakkoihinne (illative plural)
surmakallanne (adessive singular)
surmakoillanne (adessive plural)
surmakaltanne (ablative singular)
surmakoiltanne (ablative plural)
surmakallenne (allative singular)
surmakoillenne (allative plural)
surmakkananne (essive singular)
surmakkoinanne (essive plural)
surmakaksenne (singular translative)
surmakoiksenne (plural translative)
surmakattanne (abessive singular)
surmakoittanne (abessive plural)
surmakkoinenne (comitative plural)
surmakkansa (nominative singular)
surmakkansa (nominative plural)
surmakkansa (accusative nominative singular)
surmakkansa (accusative nominative plural)
surmakkansa (accusative genitive singular)
surmakkansa (accusative genitive plural)
surmakkansa (genitive singular)
surmakoidensa (genitive plural)
surmakoittensa (genitive plural)
surmakkojensa (genitive plural)
surmakkainsa (genitive plural rare)
surmakkaansa (partitive singular)
surmakoitaan (partitive plural)
surmakkojaan (partitive plural)
surmakoitansa (partitive plural)
surmakkojansa (partitive plural)
surmakassaan (inessive singular)
surmakassansa (inessive singular)
surmakoissaan (inessive plural)
surmakoissansa (inessive plural)
surmakastaan (elative singular)
surmakastansa (elative singular)
surmakoistaan (elative plural)
surmakoistansa (elative plural)
surmakkaansa (illative singular)
surmakoihinsa (illative plural)
surmakkoihinsa (illative plural)
surmakallaan (adessive singular)
surmakallansa (adessive singular)
surmakoillaan (adessive plural)
surmakoillansa (adessive plural)
surmakaltaan (ablative singular)
surmakaltansa (ablative singular)
surmakoiltaan (ablative plural)
surmakoiltansa (ablative plural)
surmakalleen (allative singular)
surmakallensa (allative singular)
surmakoilleen (allative plural)
surmakoillensa (allative plural)
surmakkanaan (essive singular)
surmakkanansa (essive singular)
surmakkoinaan (essive plural)
surmakkoinansa (essive plural)
surmakakseen (singular translative)
surmakaksensa (singular translative)
surmakoikseen (plural translative)
surmakoiksensa (plural translative)
surmakattaan (abessive singular)
surmakattansa (abessive singular)
surmakoittaan (abessive plural)
surmakoittansa (abessive plural)
surmakkoineen (comitative plural)
surmakkoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈs̠urmɑ̝kːɑ̝]

Brunchorstia disease
Brunchorstia disease

Gremmeniella abietina, a species of fungus causing Scleroderris canker/Brunchorstia disease


مرق

مَرْق (canonical)
marq (romanization)
مَرْق (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْمَرْق (definite informal singular triptote)
مَرْق (construct informal singular triptote)
مَرْقٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْمَرْقُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
مَرْقُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
مَرْقًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْمَرْقَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
مَرْقَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
مَرْقٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْمَرْقِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
مَرْقِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

a kind of disease of a cereal plant where the grains fall off prematurely


Feuerbrand

de-noun

Feuerbrand m (strong, genitive Feuerbrandes or Feuerbrands, plural Feuerbrände)

Feuerbrandes (genitive)
Feuerbrands (genitive)
Feuerbrände (plural)
Feuerbrand (nominative singular)
Feuerbrände (definite nominative plural)
Feuerbrandes (genitive singular)
Feuerbrands (genitive singular)
Feuerbrände (definite genitive plural)
Feuerbrand (dative singular)
Feuerbrande (dative singular)
Feuerbränden (dative definite plural)
Feuerbrand (accusative singular)
Feuerbrände (accusative definite plural)


oïdi

Learned borrowing from Late Latin ōidium.


galasówka

galasówka (nominative singular)
galasówki (nominative plural)
galasówki (genitive singular)
galasówek (genitive plural)
galasówce (dative singular)
galasówkom (dative plural)
galasówkę (accusative singular)
galasówki (accusative plural)
galasówką (instrumental singular)
galasówkami (instrumental plural)
galasówce (locative singular)
galasówkach (locative plural)
galasówko (singular vocative)
galasówki (plural vocative)

gall (blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants)


koleroga

From Kannada ಕೊಳೆರೋಗ (koḷerōga), literally "rot disease".

Any of several plant diseases, with distinct causal organisms, including

A disease of palm trees such as areca palms and of many other commercially important plants caused by the oomycete Phytophthora palmivora.

Diseases of coffee, citrus, and persimmon caused by the fungus Ceratobasidium noxium


yellow dwarf

en-noun

yellow dwarf (plural yellow dwarfs or yellow dwarves)

yellow dwarfs (plural)
yellow dwarves (plural)

(botany) Any of several diseases of plants caused by viruses, characterized by stunting and yellowing of the leaves.


antraknoza

antraknoza (nominative singular)
antraknozy (genitive singular)
antraknozie (dative singular)
antraknozę (accusative singular)
antraknozą (instrumental singular)
antraknozie (locative singular)
antraknozo (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English anthracnose. Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἄνθραξ (ánthrax) + Ancient Greek νόσος (nósos).


arun abẹgẹẹja

head

àrùn abẹ́gẹ̀ẹ́jà

àrùn abẹ́gẹ̀ẹ́jà

yo-pos

àrùn abẹ́gẹ̀ẹ́jà

àrùn abẹ́gẹ̀ẹ́jà

yo-noun

àrùn abẹ́gẹ̀ẹ́jà

àrùn abẹ́gẹ̀ẹ́jà

/à.ɾũ̀ ā.bɛ́.ꜜɡɛ́.d͡ʒà/

From àrùn (“disease”) + a- (“agent prefix”) + bá (“with”) + ẹ̀gẹ́ (“cassava”) + jà (“fight”), literally “The disease that fights with cassava”

compound

Bacterial blight of cassava, a bacterial disease afflicting the cassava crop


arun korikori

head

àrùn kòrìkòrì

àrùn kòrìkòrì

yo-pos

àrùn kòrìkòrì

àrùn kòrìkòrì

yo-noun

àrùn kòrìkòrì

àrùn kòrìkòrì

/à.ɾũ̀ kò.ɾì.kò.ɾì/

Black pod disease, a protozoan disease afflicting cocoa trees


arun awu

/à.ɾũ̀ ā.wú/

àrùn (“disease”) + a- (“agent prefix”) + wú (“to swell”)

compound

Cacao swollen shoot virus, a virus primarily affecting cocoa trees


elmesyge

head

elmesyge c (singular definite elmesygen, not used in plural form)

elmesygen (definite singular)
elmesyge (indefinite nominative singular)
elmesygen (definite nominative singular)
elmesyges (genitive indefinite singular)
elmesygens (definite genitive singular)


Texas phoenix palm decline

en-noun

Texas phoenix palm decline (uncountable)

From Texas (from the range of the disease) + phoenix palm (the host of the disease) + decline.

af

A plant disease affecting phoenix palms found primarily in Texas and Florida.


mayapple rust

From mayapple (from the plant it inhabits) + rust (red-brown plant fungal disease).

com

Allodus podophylli, a species of parasitic rust fungus that leeches off of mayapple leaves.


clivellat

scab (plant disease caused by fungi of the genus Venturia)


ronyac

Back-formation from ronyagut, variant form of ronyegut, from ronya (“scab”).


kadeřavost

kadeřavost (nominative singular)
kadeřavosti (nominative plural)
kadeřavosti (genitive singular)
kadeřavostí (genitive plural)
kadeřavosti (dative singular)
kadeřavostem (dative plural)
kadeřavost (accusative singular)
kadeřavosti (accusative plural)
kadeřavosti (singular vocative)
kadeřavosti (plural vocative)
kadeřavosti (locative singular)
kadeřavostech (locative plural)
kadeřavostí (instrumental singular)
kadeřavostmi (instrumental plural)


fulla socarrimada

From fulla (“leaf”) + socarrimada, feminine of socarrimat (“scorched, singed”).

a disease of azaleas caused by the fungus Septoria azaleae


kuniec

kuniec (nominative singular)
kuńce (nominative plural)
kuńca (genitive singular)
kuńców (genitive plural)
kuńcowi (dative singular)
kuńcom (dative plural)
kuniec (accusative singular)
kuńce (accusative plural)
kuńcem (instrumental singular)
kuńcami (instrumental plural)
kuńcu (locative singular)
kuńcach (locative plural)
kuńcu (singular vocative)
kuńce (plural vocative)

(obsolete) tree disease similar to witch's broom


alternarioza

alternarioza (nominative singular)
alternariozy (genitive singular)
alternariozie (dative singular)
alternariozę (accusative singular)
alternariozą (instrumental singular)
alternariozie (locative singular)
alternariozo (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English alternariosis. Contains the suffix -oza. First attested in 1961.

ref

Biuletyn (in Polish), numbers 13-15, 1961, page 67

alternarioza in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

alternarioza ziemniaka

zwalczanie alternariozy

objawy alternariozy

sprawca alternariozy

rozwój alternariozy

powodować alternariozę


dúchan

dúchana (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
dúchan (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a dhúchan (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
dúchana (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an dúchan (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na dúchana (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an dúchan (definite singular)
don dúchan (definite singular)
dúchan
dhúchan
ndúchan

blight (on potatoes); smut, black rust (on grain)


Hexenbesen

de-noun

Hexenbesen m (strong, genitive Hexenbesens, plural Hexenbesen)

Hexenbesens (genitive)
Hexenbesen (plural)
Hexenbesen (nominative singular)
Hexenbesen (definite nominative plural)
Hexenbesens (genitive singular)
Hexenbesen (definite genitive plural)
Hexenbesen (dative singular)
Hexenbesen (dative definite plural)
Hexenbesen (accusative singular)
Hexenbesen (accusative definite plural)


melaxuma

A disease of walnut trees, characterized by cankers that exude a dark watery substance.


zebra chip

A disease of potatoes causing unsightly black stripes when the tubers are fried.


summit disease

en-noun

summit disease (countable and uncountable, plural summit diseases)

From summit + disease, from the tendency of infected insects to climb to the upper parts of plants before dying.

Some fungus mediated behavioral changes have been recorded, such as "summit disease" where infected grasshoppers climb to the top of plants to die[…]. This may aid spore dispersal, but it has also been suggested that it is a mechanism by which the host reduces infection through increased exposure to UV.

2010, M[ark] S[tanislaw] Goettel, J[ørgen] Eilenberg, T[ravis] Glare, “Entomopathogenic Fungi and Their Role in Regulation of Insect Populations”, in Lawrence I[rwin] Gilbert, Sarjeet S[ingh] Gill, editors, Insect Control: Biological and Synthetic Agents, London; Burlington, Mass.: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 405:

Soybean looper, Thysanoplusia orichalcea, infected with Thysanoplusia orichalcea nucleopolyhedrovirus. The image illustrates what is known as treetop disease or summit disease, whereby the host climbs to an exposed position (e.g., on vegetation) before death to facilitate dispersal of the pathogen.

2012, David I[an] Shapiro-Ilan, Denny J[oseph] Bruck, Lawrence A[nthony] Lacey, “Principles of Epizootiology and Microbial Control”, in Fernando E. Vega, Harry K[azuyoshi] Kaya, editors, Insect Pathology, 2nd edition, London; Waltham, Mass.: Academic Press, →ISBN, figure 3.2 caption, page 38, column 2:

Many foliar-feeding hosts infected with bacterial and viral pathogens display classic "summit" diseases, in which the infected insects move up the foliage immediately before they die. This behavioral host response to infection results in increased transmission to uninfected hosts, as the pathogen propagules from the cadaver shower down on the foliage below, resulting in increased transmission to the rest of the population.

2014, D[enny] J[oseph] Bruck, “Entomopathogens as Insect Biocontrol Agents”, in Robert G[rant] Linderman, D[avid] Michael Benson, editors, Compendium of Rhododendron and Azalea Diseases and Pests, 2nd edition, St. Paul, Minn.: APS Press, →ISBN, page 84, column 2:

A particularly striking example of host manipulation called ‘summit disease’ occurs across a wide range of insect groups including aphids, grasshoppers, butterflies and moths, beetles and ants. The fungus grows within the host’s body, infecting various organs, but before it reaches a point when the animal can no longer move, somehow the fungus causes the host to climb to a higher point like the top of a grass stem or tree and wait there to die. This can be beneficial to the fungus as from this elevated position they can spread their spores far and wide on the breeze.

2017, Jack Ashby, “Caterpillar with Parasitoid Fungus: Dried Specimen”, in Animal Kingdom: A Natural History in 100 Objects, Stroud, Gloucestershire: The History Press, →ISBN:

In the case of Ophiocordyceps, an infected ant's behaviour can be thought of as fungal behaviour. The death grip, summit disease, these are extended characteristics of the fungus, part of its extended phenotype.

2020, Merlin Sheldrake, “Mycelial Minds”, in Entangled Life: How Fungi Make Our Worlds, Change Our Minds, and Shape Our Futures, London: The Bodley Head, →ISBN, page 124:

(phytopathology) A disease (usually fungal, caused by the species complex Entomophaga grylli) that affects various species of insect, especially grasshoppers, whereby the infected individual typically climbs to the upper parts of a plant, attaches itself there and dies, at which point the infecting agent disperses itself, usually in the form of spores.

Gipfelkrankheit

disease that affects various species of insect


mushroom root rot

A plant disease caused by the fungus Armillaria tabescens.


toadstool disease

mushroom root rot
mushroom root rot#English


heksenbezem

nl-noun

heksenbezem m (plural heksenbezems, diminutive heksenbezempje n)

heksenbezems (plural)
heksenbezempje (diminutive neuter)

bezem

From heks (“witch”) + -en- + bezem (“broom”).

a witch's broom, type of deformity of a tree caused by a pathogen


cawod goch briger Gwener

cawod goch briger Gwener
gawod goch briger Gwener (soft)
nghawod goch briger Gwener
chawod goch briger Gwener

y gawod goch (“rust, red blight”) + briger Gwener (“maidenhair ferns”).

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd
w:Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd

Gwasg Carreg Gwalch
w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch

(phytopathology) maidenhair rust (Hyalopsora adianti-capilli-veneris)


cawod goch

y gawod goch (canonical feminine)
cawod goch
gawod goch (soft)
nghawod goch
chawod goch

(phytopathology) rust, rubigo, red-colored fungal infection of plants


cawod goch rhedynen gorniog

cawod goch rhedynen gorniog
gawod goch rhedynen gorniog (soft)
nghawod goch rhedynen gorniog
chawod goch rhedynen gorniog

y gawod goch (“rust, red blight”) + rhedynen gorniog (“beech fern”).

(phytopathology) beech fern rust (Uredinopsis filicina)


cawod goch tormaen

cawod goch tormaen
gawod goch tormaen (soft)
nghawod goch tormaen
chawod goch tormaen

y gawod goch (“rust, red blight”) + tormaen (“saxifrage”).

(phytopathology) saxifrage rust (Melampsora vernalis)


parddu tormaen

parddu tormaen
barddu tormaen (soft)
mharddu tormaen
pharddu tormaen

parddu (“smut”) + tormaen (“saxifrage”).

(phytopathology) saxifrage smut (Entyloma chrysosplenii)


rhwd marchredyn

(phytopathology) male fern rust (Milesina carpatorum)


mursz

pl-noun

mursz m inan (related adjective murszowy)

murszowy (adjective)
mursz (nominative singular)
mursze (nominative plural)
murszu (genitive singular)
murszy (genitive plural)
murszowi (dative singular)
murszom (dative plural)
mursz (accusative singular)
mursze (accusative plural)
murszem (instrumental singular)
murszami (instrumental plural)
murszu (locative singular)
murszach (locative plural)
murszu (singular vocative)
mursze (plural vocative)


Armillaria root disease

Compound of New Latin Armillaria + root disease.


Armillaria root rot

Compound of New Latin Armillaria + root rot.


root disease

(phytopathology) Any of several plant diseases affecting the root system.


parddu briallu

parddu briallu
barddu briallu (soft)
mharddu briallu
pharddu briallu

parddu (“smut”) + briallu (“primroses”).

(phytopathology) bird's-eye-primrose smut (Urocystis primulicola)


rhwd mynawyd-y-bugail

cy-noun

rhwd mynawyd-y-bugail m or f (uncountable)

rhwd mynawyd-y-bugail
rwd mynawyd-y-bugail (soft)

(phytopathology) geranium rust (Uromyces geranii)


cawod goch cegid

cawod goch cegid
gawod goch cegid (soft)
nghawod goch cegid
chawod goch cegid

y gawod goch (“rust, red blight”) + cegid (“hemlock”).

(phytopathology) cowbane rust (Puccinia cicutae)


cancar

cancair (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
cancar (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a chancair (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
cancair (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an cancar (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
an chancair (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an gcancar (definite singular)
don chancar (definite singular)
cancar
chancar
gcancar

/ˈkauŋkˠəɾˠ/

Ultimately from Latin cancer. Compare Middle Irish cainncer (“cancer”).


γόγγρος

grc-noun

γόγγρος • (góngros) m (genitive γόγγρου); second declension

góngros (romanization)
γόγγρου (genitive)
ὁ γόγγρος (nominative singular)
τὼ γόγγρω (dual nominative)
οἱ γόγγροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ γόγγρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γόγγροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γόγγρων (genitive plural)
τῷ γόγγρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γόγγροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γόγγροις (dative plural)
τὸν γόγγρον (accusative singular)
τὼ γόγγρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς γόγγρους (accusative plural)
γόγγρε (singular vocative)
γόγγρω (dual vocative)
γόγγροι (plural vocative)

Latin: conger (see there for further descendants)

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 1.8.6

(phytopathology) tubercular disease in olive trees