sol

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-sol.wav

From Latin sōl (“sun”); see further at etymology 3. Doublet of sol from Spanish.

I need to create calories. And I need enough to last the 1387 sols until Ares 4 arrives. If I don't get rescued by Ares 4, I'm dead anyway. A sol is 39 minutes longer than a day, so it works out to be 1425 days. That's my target: 1425 days of food.

2011, Andy Weir, chapter 3, in The Martian, New York, N.Y.: Broadway Books, published 2014, →ISBN, page 18:

88,775 seconds = 24 hours, 39 minutes and 35 seconds / The duration of a synodic day on Mars, a ‘sol’

2014, Gerard ’t Hooft, Stefan Vandoren, “10⁵ Seconds = 100,000 Seconds = 1.16 days = 27.78 Hours”, in Saskia A. Eisberg-’t Hooft, transl., Time in Powers of Ten: Natural Phenomena and Their Timescales, Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co., →ISBN, part I, page 25:

(astronomy) A solar day on the planet Mars (equivalent to 24 hours, 39 minutes, 35 seconds).


TMI

en-noun

TMI (countable and uncountable, plural TMIs)

trans-Mars injection
trans-Mars injection#English

(astrodynamics) Initialism of trans-Mars injection.


The circle and arrow represent the shield and spear, respectively, of the Ancient Greek god of war Ares (and his Ancient Roman equivalent Mars). In the Medieval era the spear had crossed in front of the shield, and the ancient form lacked the shield altogether.


Martian

From Latin Mārtius (“of or relating to the planet Mars”) + -an (adjective-forming suffix). The word is cognate with Middle English marcien, marcyan, mercien (“subject to the influence or power of the planet Mars; relating to the god Mars, that is, warlike”), Middle French martien (“Martian”) (modern French martien), French Martien (“imaginary inhabitant of Mars; any extraterrestrial”), Italian marziano, Latin Mārtiānus (“Martian”), Portuguese marciano, Spanish marciano.

cog

The direct heat of the sun, shining through so thin an atmosphere, must be considerable wherever the sun is at a sufficient elevation; and of course the very tenuity of the air renders vaporization so much the easier, for the boiling point (and consequently all temperatures of evaporation at given rates) would be correspondingly lowered. Accordingly, during the greater part of the Martian day, the hoar frost and whatever light snow might have fallen on the preceding evening would be completely dissolved away, and thus the ruddy earth or the greenish ice-masses of the so-called oceans would be revealed to the terrestral observer.

1873 July, “The Planet Mars: An Essay by a Whewellite”, in The Cornhill Magazine, volume XXVIII, number 163, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 96–97:

Prof. Percival Lowell, the eminent Martian astronomer, said in a recent interview in New York: "The Martian canals are not Panama canals. The word 'canals' you know, really means 'lines.' [...]"

1910 September, H[enry] H[aven] Windsor, editor, Popular Mechanics, volume 14, number 3, Chicago, Ill.: Popular Mechanics Co., →OCLC, page 456, column 1:

Not wishing to lose this great opportunity of being the first to receive Martian signals, we 'phoned to the manager to come over immediately and verify our "startling" discovery. [...] A day later a lineman in the employ of a stock quotation ticker agency happened to be working on the roof. [...] [H]e suggested that we might possibly be troubled with induction from these wires, and that our lead-in would perhaps be better if it ran along the outside of the building. Troubled with induction! In truth, that was the very thing which we had mistaken for Martian signals.

1920 October, Austin C. Lescarboura, “Wireless Fakes and Fakers”, in H[ugo] Gernsback, editor, Radio World, volume 2, number 4, New York, N.Y.: Experimenter Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 217, columns 2–3:

She [Catherine Elise Muller] claimed her astral body was transported to the planet, so she was able to draw detailed Martian landscapes and to speak and write its language.

2004 January 8, Mark Pilkington, “Martian spoken here”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2014-09-12:

Martian meteorites (Fig. 1.3) are pieces of Mars that have been blasted off the surface, hurtled through space, and delivered to Earth [...]. We know they are from Mars because the noble gases, carbon, and nitrogen measured in shock melt pockets in certain meteorites have the same relative elemental abundances and similar isotopic ratios as the Martian atmosphere—a unique fingerprint [...].

2019, Justin Filiberto, Susanne P. Schwenzer, “Introduction to Volatiles in the Martian Crust”, in Justin Filiberto, Susanne P. Schwenzer, editors, Volatiles in the Martian Crust, Amsterdam, Kidlington, Oxford: Elsevier, →ISBN, section 1.1.1 (Martian Meteorites), page 4:

Of or relating to the planet Mars, or (science fiction) its imagined inhabitants.

[T]he majority of human beings born under the influence of Mars—the Martians (or "Martials")—are heavily built but physically strong. [...] [T]hey are easily angered, and, for the time being, forget everything in the excess of their violence. The worst Martian type will commit murder before he knows it.

1901, C. de Saint-Germain, “The Planets”, in Practical Astrology: A Simple Method of Casting Horoscopes: […], Chicago, Ill.: Laird & Lee, publishers, →OCLC, pages 83–84:

(astrology) Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Mars; aggressive, bellicose.

Near-synonym: Arean

Pertaining to the Roman god Mars, the god of war.


Martian

Amazing Stories
Frank R. Paul
H. G. Wells
Hubble Space Telescope
The War of the Worlds

[T]he majority of human beings born under the influence of Mars—the Martians (or "Martials")—are heavily built but physically strong. [...] A male Martian is generally a great favorite with the ladies and is apt to be rather quick and unscrupulous in his courtship methods. He is not a sentimental lover. A bad Martian is a loud, fatiguing talker and a braggard.

(astrology) A person under the astrological influence of the planet Mars.

Thus she [one of the moons of Mars] has a disc, always on this assumption be it remembered, equal to about a quarter of our moon's; and being illuminated by the sun, like the other moon, with a light varying from one-half to one-third that which he pours on the earth, it follows that the light she reflects to Martians, or would reflect to them if there were any such beings, varies from one-eighth to one-twelfth of that which we receive from the full moon.

1877 October, Wentworth Erck, “The Moons of Mars”, in The Cornhill Magazine, volume XXXVI, number 214, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, page 424:

Those who have never seen a living Martian can scarcely imagine the strange horror of their appearance. The peculiar V-shaped mouth with its pointed upper lip, the absence of brow ridges, the absence of a chin beneath the wedge-like lower lip, the incessant quivering of this mouth, the Gorgon groups of tentacles, [...]

1895–1897, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, “The Cylinder Unscrews”, in The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, published 1898, →OCLC, book I (The Coming of the Martians), page 28:

[...] M. le Coultre, the distinguished astronomer of Geneva, has once more declared that the Martians are trying to signal to us. [...] How long M. le Coultre's suggestion will stand before it goes the way of other similar conjectures now exploded, no one can say.

1913 November 8, “Signals from Mars”, in The North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette: The Weekly Edition of the North-China Daily News, volume CIX (New Series), number 2413, Shanghai: Printed and published at the offices of the North-China Daily News & Herald, Ld., →OCLC, page 399, column 2:

If the Martian understood and could analyze the character of men and women, he would find in shops, factories, mills, schools, offices, in business, in the professions and arts, multitudes of men and women in the unhappy position of the fish out of water. Floundering hopelessly in vocations for which they have no aptitude, unless some merciful wave carry them to their native element, the place for which nature especially equipped them, their lives will be wrecked.

1921 May, Orison Swett Marden, “Are You a Fish Out of Water?”, in Orison Swett Marden, editor, The New Success: Marden’s Magazine, volume V, number 5, New York, N.Y.: The Lowrey-Marden Corporation, →OCLC, page 54:

Like a philosopher, or rather the hermit crab, he [Hoo Keng Tuck] lives in complete retirement, looking out occasionally from his coign of vantage upon his luckless compatriots who are struggling to make this world a better place to live in for themselves and their children, pretty much as a Martian might watch the social activities of the earth's inhabitants.

1923, Song Ong Siang, “The Third Decade (1839–49)”, in One Hundred Years’ History of the Chinese in Singapore: […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 57:

However, despite a declared interest in Mexico's Indian past, he feels that his country's uneducated and mostly Indian citizens are like creatures of another species. To then, "we are like Martians," Javier says, "We don't speak as they do or think as they do … If we do see them, it's like the zoo … We are their enemies and they know it" [...].

1982, Malva E. Filer, “A Change of Skin and the Shaping of a Mexican Time”, in Robert Brody, Charles Rossman, editors, Carlos Fuentes: A Critical View (Texas Pan American Series), Austin, Tx.: University of Texas Press, →ISBN, page 128:

A Martian who landed in Britain in the past few weeks—assuming he managed to get a visa—would take it for a place that dislikes visitors. [...] And yet, if he lingered, the Martian might find himself being asked how health care was organised on his planet, or how its retailers were coping with the internet.

2013 August 24, “Bagehot” [pseudonym], “Go away, we need you: In Britain, xenophilia runs almost as deep as xenophobia”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8850, archived from the original on 2013-08-22:

(chiefly science fiction) An inhabitant of the planet Mars.

Coordinate term: Martianess

An inhabitant of the planet Mars.
A male Martian.


Martian

Although impressed by [Catherine Elise] Muller as a person, [Théodore] Flournoy regarded her experiences as a marvel of psychology rather than spiritualism. One of his key findings was that, while Muller's Martian had a consistent 23 letter alphabet, grammar and syntax, it was in fact a twisted variant of French.

Suvi: Between the Remnant city, Meridian, and however the Scourge fits in... pardon my Martian, but it's all weird as shit.

2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Tempest:

(science fiction) A hypothetical language spoken on Mars.


Marte

Borrowed from Spanish Marte (“Mars”), from Latin Mārs, Mārtem.


Mars

From Middle English Mars, from Latin Mārs (“god of war”), from older Latin (older than 75 BCE) Māvors.

Mars has two moons, Deimos and Phobos.

‘There’s another one. There can’t be two Marses,’ said Phyllis. / And sure enough there was. A smaller red point, a little up from, and to the right of, the first.

1953, John Wyndham [pseudonym; John Wyndham Parkes Lucas Beynon Harris], “Phase One”, in The Kraken Wakes, Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books Ltd, published 1966, page 12:

Well, see, we’re building a steam-driven solar system from a kit. (Cheaper than the Japanese miniaturized, transistorized models, which have two Marses and no Earth sometimes.)

1964 November 30, Philip K[indred] Dick, “[To Carol Carr]”, in The Selected Letters of Philip K. Dick, volume 1 (1938–1971), Grass Valley, Calif.: Underwood Books, published 1996, →ISBN, page 136:

The planet Mars, seen by Cro-Magnon eyes, presumably was a blue summer world with air and water. Winter Mars, seen by modem man, a red ice-capped desert. Two Marses coincided briefly in his mind’s eye, then rushed apart into endless cycles of Red and Blue … Human fingers intended to halt Mars at the moment of perfection, and hold a whole world there!

1977, Ian Watson, “Mummy-cloth”, in The Martian Inca, London: Victor Gollancz Ltd, section four, page 47:

With its Mars-like landscape, visiting Gurbantunggut Desert feels like escaping to another world.

2018 September 22, Marissa Carruthers, “Five of the best places to go off grid in Asia, get back to nature and away from office phone calls”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2018-09-23, Travel & Leisure:

(astronomy) The fourth planet in the solar system. Symbol: ♂


Mars

cs-proper noun

Mars m inan (related adjective marsovský or marťanský or martský, demonym Marťan)

marsovský (adjective)
marťanský (adjective)
martský (adjective)
Marťan (demonym)
Mars (nominative singular)
Marsu (genitive singular)
Marsu (dative singular)
Mars (accusative singular)
Marse (singular vocative)
Marsu (locative singular)
Marsem (instrumental singular)

(inanimate) Mars, the fourth planet in the solar system


火星人

[ka̠se̞ːʑĩɴ]

(science fiction) a Martian (inhabitant of Mars)


Olympus Mons

From Latin Olympus + mons, from Ancient Greek Ὄλυμπος (Ólumpos). Named in 1973 after the albedo feature Nix Olympica (“Snows of Olympus”).

(planetology) An extinct volcano and prominent feature on the planet Mars, notable as the highest mountain in the solar system (elevation: 27 kilometers).


Arsia Mons

Named in 1973 after the albedo feature Arsia Silva.

(planetology) An extinct volcano on the planet Mars.


Ascraeus Mons

Named in 1973 after the albedo feature Ascraeus Lacus.

HiPOD XII Iunii MMXIX: Fractura in campis inter meridiem et solis ortum spectantibus ex Ascraeus Mons et septentrionalis spectantibus ex Noctis Fossae

2019 June 12, @HiRISELatin, twitter (in Latin):


Pavonis Mons

Named in 1973 after a classical albedo feature.


Cydonia

From Latin Cydonia, a partial calque from Ancient Greek μηλοκυδώνιον (mēlokudṓnion, “quince”, literally “Cydonian apple”).

der

μηλοκυδώνιον

(planetology) An albedo feature on Mars, famous for the “Face on Mars” formation.


Marťan

Marťan (nominative singular)
Marťané (nominative plural)
Marťani (nominative plural)
Marťana (genitive singular)
Marťanů (genitive plural)
Marťanovi (dative singular)
Marťanu (dative singular)
Marťanům (dative plural)
Marťana (accusative singular)
Marťany (accusative plural)
Marťane (singular vocative)
Marťané (plural vocative)
Marťani (plural vocative)
Marťanovi (locative singular)
Marťanu (locative singular)
Marťanech (locative plural)
Marťanem (instrumental singular)
Marťany (instrumental plural)

Calque of English Martian, based on the Latin root Latin Mārt-.


marsquake

From Mars + quake, after the pattern of earthquake.

It recorded several impulsive signals that might have been marsquakes...

2003, Cliff Frohlich, Scott D Davis, Texas Earthquakes:

After more than four years, 1,300 marsquakes, and countless scientific discoveries, our @NASAInSight lander has reached the end of its mission.

2022 December 21, @NASA, twitter, archived from the original on 2022-12-23:

A quake on the planet Mars, perhaps caused by land tides, volcanic eruptions, or meteorite strikes.


Arean

From Ares + -an under influence of Ancient Greek άρεος (áreos) and άρειος (áreios, “Martian, martial”). Cf. Arian.

Near-synonym: Martian

It is appealing to assume that the epigram was inspired by the statue itself. Probably the Arean weapons Aphrodite has donned include helmet, spear and shield but not the Apolline bow and arrow.

1979, Karelisa Hartigan, The Poets and the Cities: Selections from the Anthology about Greek Cities, Hain, →ISBN, page 54:

In addition to his possible exploitation of the sexual reversal occasionally found in Arean cult, we also find

1980, Carl Deroux, Studies in Latin literature and Roman history, volume 168, page 449:

1989, Robert Lamberton, Homer the Theologian: Neoplatonist Allegorical Reading and the Growth of the Epic Tradition, quotation of Proclus translated from the Greek,
... and in bonding together the Arean and the Aphrodisian, he had taken the craft of Hephaestus as his model.

Ares is also associated with fire. [...] All the Arean desire [...]

2007, Dagonet Dewr, Sacred Paths for Modern Men, page 63:

(rare) Of or related to Ares, the Greek god of war, counterpart of the Roman Mars.

the temperature of the Arean climate, notwithstanding the greater distance of that planet from the Sun, is of the same order as the temperature of the terrestrial one

1894 November 22, Giovanni Schiaparelli, “Schiaparelli on Mars”, in Nature, volume 51, number 1308, page 88:

Photographs by the robot vehicle showed a land unattractive by human standards; her instruments confirmed the thinness and unsuitability of Arean atmosphere to human life.

1961, Robert A. Heinlein, Stranger in a Strange Land, New York: Avon, →OCLC:

So the British Arean Company had been formed, with suitably orchestrated media fanfare.

2003 July, Kage Baker, “The Empress of Mars”, in Asimov's Science Fiction:

(rare) Synonym of Martian, of or related to the planet Mars.


MCA

en-noun

MCA (countable and uncountable, plural MCAs)

Mars-crossing asteroid
Mars-crossing asteroid#English

(astronomy) Initialism of Mars-crossing asteroid.


yestersol

From yester- + sol (“Martian day”), by analogy with yesterday.

"We'll basically be waking up in the Mars morning, which will be 47 minutes later each day, and uploading our commands from 'yestersol,'" he said.

2003 December 19, Sue Vorenberg, “Mars Central”, in Albuquerque Tribune:

The sol (Martian day) before the present one.


Martian blueberry

Martian blueberry (plural Martian blueberries)

From the size and shape, resembling blueberries, as well as the initial false-color photographs which made them appear to be blue in color.


Martian spherule

Martian spherule (plural Martian spherules)

One of a group of iron oxide concretions found in the Meridiani Planum on Mars.


Sol IV

From its position as the fourth planet out from the Sun (Sol).

(poetic, science fiction) The planet Mars.


Aeolis Palus

Aeolis + palus.
Named in May 2012 by the International Astronomical Union as a major plain in the Aeolis quadrangle on the planet Mars Aeolis (“Aeolis quadrangle”).

(planetology) The central plain within Gale Crater on the planet Mars.

en:Aeolis quadrangle
en:International Astronomical Union


Aeolis Mons

Aeolis + Mons.
Named in May 2012 by the International Astronomical Union as a major mountain in the Aeolis quadrangle on the planet Mars Aeolis (“Aeolis quadrangle”).

(planetology) The central mountain peak within Gale Crater on the planet Mars.

en:Aeolis quadrangle
en:Curiosity (rover)
en:International Astronomical Union
en:Mars (planet)


Bradbury Landing

From Bradbury + landing.
Named on August 22, 2012, by NASA in honor of writer Ray Bradbury. Landing because it was the landing site of the Curiosity rover some two weeks earlier.

An area approximately 140 square kilometers (54 sq mi) at 4.5895°S 137.4417°E on the planet Mars, located in Gale Crater.

en:Bradbury Landing
en:Curiosity (rover)
en:Ray Bradbury


Peace Vallis

Named on September 26, 2012 by the International Astronomical Union as a valley in the Aeolis quadrangle on the planet Mars Aeolis (“Aeolis quadrangle”).

(planetology) A valley within Gale Crater near the landing site (Bradbury Landing) of the Curiosity rover on the planet Mars.


marsling

From Mars + -ling, modelled after earthling.

And that the first communication and transaction between earthlings and marslings — or venusites or mercurians — would be a lumber deal.

1953, Crow's Forest Products Digest - Volume 31

An inhabitant or being from Mars; a Martian.


trans-Mars injection

trans-Mars injection (plural trans-Mars injections)

(astrodynamics) an orbital burn (rocket firing) used to change orbit from local orbit, to a Mars transfer orbit (a Solar orbit that will intercept the planet Mars).


tosol

From to- + sol (“Martian day”), by analogy with today.

Tosol is the beginning of the week, and tourists will start pouring in from all over Mars and maybe even very rich people from Earth.

2001, Mary Turzillo, “Mars is No Place for Children”, in Robert Silverberg, editor, Nebula Awards Showcase 2001: The Year's Best SF and Fantasy Chosen by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 75:

This self-awareness is not merely an ability to recite and logically combine facts (“I am a robot on Mars; here is tosol's plan”), […]

2012, William J. Clancey, Working on Mars: Voyages of Scientific Discovery with the Mars Exploration Rovers, The MIT Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 128:

Tosol was the day Opportunity shook the miniature thermal emission spectrometer in an effort to remove dust from one of its mirrors.

2013, Dave Lane, Mars Exploration Rover "Opportunity" Vol 3 2007-2008, Lulu.com, published 2013, →ISBN:


areografia

areografia (nominative singular)
areografii (genitive singular)
areografii (dative singular)
areografię (accusative singular)
areografią (instrumental singular)
areografii (locative singular)
areografio (singular vocative)


Nix Olympica

Coined by Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli in 1879, who first observed the surface feature, from Latin nix (“snow”) and olympicus (“Olympic”), meaning “Olympic Snow, Snow of Olympus”, from the feature appearing whitish against the generally reddish planet.

coin

Der größte Krater war der Nix Olympica: viermal so hoch wie der Kilimandscharo, hatte er einen Durchmesser von achthundert Kilometern.

1978, “Erbe des Tba”, in Perry Rhodan, number 881 (quotation in German; overall work in German):

Der Riesenvulkan Nix Olympica auf Mars wurde erst von Mariner 9 als solcher erkannt. […] Das auf dem Ausschnitt gekennzeichnete Telebild zeigt einen Teil des sehr rauhen Abhangs von Nix Olympica, hier ist ein Gebiet von 43 × 55 km erfaßt.

1984, Wolfgang Engelhardt, Planeten Monde Ringsysteme: Kamerasonden erforschen unser Sonnensystem (quotation in German; overall work in German), page 129:

[…] Nix Olympica had been known to Earth-bound astronomers since Schiaparelli in 1879. […] The improved coverage of Nix Olympica by Mariner 7 showed a concentric ring-like surface structure. By the time Mariner 9 approached Mars, Nix Olympica had already been reinterpreted as a gigantic impact crater […]

2004, Jeffrey S. Kargel, Mars - A Warmer, Wetter Planet (quotation in English; overall work in English), page 48:

(planetology, astronomy, historical) Former name of Olympus Mons. (19th c. — 20th c.) (an albedo feature on the planet Mars, now known to be the tallest mountain, but without a snowcap)


Mars Coordinated Time

Coordinated Mars Time
Coordinated Mars Time#English

Alternative spelling of Coordinated Mars Time


Coordinated Mars Time

Coined in analogy to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), dealing with the planet Mars.

The standard time as kept on the planet Mars. It is generally equivalent to Airy Mean Time, which is determined on the prime meridian of Mars, that passes through the crater Airy-0.


MEGA

(orbital dynamics, space flight, astronautics) Abbreviation of Mars-Earth gravity assist.

orbital dynamics; space flight; orbital dynamics; space flight


Aldrin cycler

From Aldrin + cycler. After Buzz Aldrin, who developed the concept and its mathematical basis. From being a cycler, a space vehicle which cycles between intercepts of two celestial bodies in their own orbits, with little or no orbital adjustments needed, on as close to pure ballistics as practicable.

(astronautics) A spacecraft which cycles between Earth and Mars, in its own orbit which intercepts both their orbits at times when the planets are at those points in their orbits; which allows transport from Earth to Mars, or vice versa.


areograficzny

pl-adj

areograficzny (not comparable, no derived adverb)

areograficzny (masculine nominative singular)
areograficzna (feminine nominative singular)
areograficzne (neuter nominative singular)
areograficzni (nominative plural virile)
areograficzne (nominative plural)
areograficznego (genitive masculine singular)
areograficznej (feminine genitive singular)
areograficznego (genitive neuter singular)
areograficznych (genitive plural)
areograficznych (genitive plural virile)
areograficznemu (dative masculine singular)
areograficznej (dative feminine singular)
areograficznemu (dative neuter singular)
areograficznym (dative plural)
areograficznym (dative plural virile)
areograficznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
areograficzny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
areograficzną (accusative feminine singular)
areograficzne (accusative neuter singular)
areograficznych (accusative plural virile)
areograficzne (accusative plural)
areograficznym (instrumental masculine singular)
areograficzną (feminine instrumental singular)
areograficznym (instrumental neuter singular)
areograficznymi (instrumental plural)
areograficznymi (instrumental plural virile)
areograficznym (locative masculine singular)
areograficznej (feminine locative singular)
areograficznym (locative neuter singular)
areograficznych (locative plural)
areograficznych (locative plural virile)


Marsscape

These pictures reveal, in the bright region west of the Sinus Meridiani, a totally unexpected Marscape of confused terrain that is like nothing man has seen on Earth, moon, or Mars before.

1969 November, Arthur Fisher, “Science Newsfront: Last-minute news and notes to keep you up-to-date”, in Popular Science, volume 195, number 5, page 22:

(astronomy, science fiction) A view of an area of Mars; a Martian landscape.