selenium

en-noun

selenium (usually uncountable, plural seleniums)

From French sélénium, the name coined by Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1818 from Ancient Greek σελήνη (selḗnē, “moon”) in reference to original confusion with the similar element tellurium.

Pluck almost any cell from your body and it will have a million or more selenium atoms in it.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 4:

A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Se) with an atomic number of 34, used mainly in glassmaking and pigments and as a semiconductor.


selenic acid

(chemistry) a solid white acid, H₂SeO₄, having the same structure and similar reactions as sulphuric acid


seleniferous

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(chemistry) containing, or yielding selenium


selenic

en-adj

selenic (comparative more selenic, superlative most selenic)

more selenic (comparative)
most selenic (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Of, pertaining to or containing selenium, especially in a higher oxidation state than the corresponding selenious compound.


seleno-

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selenite

en-noun

selenite (countable and uncountable, plural selenites)

From Ancient Greek σελήνη (selḗnē, “moon”) + -ite; the chemistry sense comes via the name of the element selenium.

(inorganic chemistry) The anion SeO₃²⁻ derived from selenous acid; any salt or ester of selenous acid.


selenide

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(chemistry) any compound in which selenium serves as an anion with an oxidation number of -2

selenur

(chemistry) any organic compound of general formula RSeR (R not = H) analogous to the ethers


hydrogen selenide

(chemistry) the hydride of selenium, H₂Se; it is a toxic, flammable gas, having properties similar to those of hydrogen sulfide


selane

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) hydrogen selenide, H₂Se; organic selenide R-Se-R'


selenonium

(chemistry) The univalent H₃Se⁺ cation, derived from selane.


organoselenium

(organic chemistry) describing any of a series of derivatives of selenium that have at least one alkyl or aryl group, especially one containing at least one carbon-selenium bond


selenenic acid

(chemistry) any compound of general formula RSeOH, where R is not H


selenone

(chemistry) any compound of general formula R₂Se(=O)₂


peroxyselenic acid

(chemistry) any compound of general formula RSe-OOH


selenoester

(chemistry) either of two classes of compounds, formally derived from an ester by replacing an oxygen atom with selenium; either R-C(=Se)-OR' or R-C(=O)-SeR'


selenocyanate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt or ester of selenocyanic acid


selenoamide

(chemistry) Any compound of general formula RC(=Se)NR₂, the selenium analogues of amides.


selenocyanic acid

(chemistry) HSeCN, the selenium analog of cyanic acid.


selone

(chemistry) any compound of general formula R₂C=Se, the selenium analogs of ketones


diselenide

(chemistry) any inorganic selenide containing two atoms of selenium per molecule

(chemistry) any organic compound of general formula RSeSeR'


selenoaldehyde

(organic chemistry) any compound of general formula RCH=Se, the selenium analogs of aldehydes


heptaselenide

(chemistry) any selenide containing seven selenium atoms in each molecule


selenous acid

(chemistry) The oxoacid H₂SeO₃; the selenium analog of sulfurous acid.


selenometallate

(chemistry) Any metallate containing selenium as ligand


selen

[sej˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

[sej˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]


селен

uk-noun

селе́н • (selén) m inan (genitive селе́ну, uncountable, relational adjective селе́новий)

селе́н (canonical)
selén (romanization)
селе́ну (genitive)
селе́новий (adjective relational)
селе́н (nominative singular)
селе́ну (genitive singular)
селе́нові (dative singular)
селе́ну (dative singular)
селе́н (accusative singular)
селе́ном (instrumental singular)
селе́ну (locative singular)
селе́ні (locative singular)
селе́не (singular vocative)


selenoprotein

(biochemistry) Any of many proteins that include a selenocysteine or selenomethionine residue.


selenocysteine

en-noun

selenocysteine (countable and uncountable, plural selenocysteines)

(biochemistry) A naturally-occurring amino acid, present in several enzymes, whose structure is that of cysteine but with the sulfur atom replaced by one of selenium


selenious

en-adj

selenious (comparative more selenious, superlative most selenious)

more selenious (comparative)
most selenious (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or containing selenium, especially in a lower oxidation state than corresponding selenic compounds.


triselenide

(chemistry) Any compound containing three selenide groups.


selenoproteome

(biochemistry) A proteome of selenoproteins.


DIPSe

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of di-isopropylselenium, the preferred metalorganic source of selenium used in MOCVD of compound semiconductors for optoelectronics applications.


selenomethionine

en-noun

selenomethionine (countable and uncountable, plural selenomethionines)

(biochemistry) An amino acid related to methionine by the replacement of its sulfur atom by one of selenium


cadmoselite

(mineralogy) A rare hexagonal cadmium selenide mineral, black to grey in colour.


verbeekite

(mineralogy) A monoclinic black mineral containing palladium and selenium.


georgbokiite

(mineralogy) A monoclinic-prismatic mineral containing chlorine, copper, oxygen, and selenium.


penroseite

(mineralogy) An isometric-diploidal creamy grayish white mineral containing cobalt, copper, nickel, and selenium.


tiemannite

tiemannite (countable and uncountable, plural tiemannites)

From Tiemann + -ite, after Johann Carl Wilhelm Tiemann (1848–1899).

(mineralogy) An isometric-hextetrahedral grayish white mineral containing mercury and selenium; mercury selenide, chemical formula HgSe.


sulfoselenide

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound (or mineral) that is both a sulfide and a selenide.


carbon diselenide

(inorganic chemistry) The binary compound of carbon and selenium CSe₂


selenophosphate

(inorganic chemistry) The anion PSeO₃³⁻, the selenium analogue of thiophosphate


selenophosphate synthetase

selenophosphate synthetase (plural selenophosphate synthetases)

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the formation of a selenophosphate


selenosulfide

(inorganic chemistry) Any mixed selenide and sulfide


selenoenzyme

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that contains a selenium atom.


selenocompound

(organic chemistry) Any organometallic compound of selenium


organoselenide

(organic chemistry) Any organic selenide (R-Se-H or R-Se-R)


selenopathy

(pathology) A form of muscular dystrophy related to a selenoprotein


selenoether

(organic chemistry) Any compound, of the form R-Se-R', formally derived from an ether by replacing the oxygen atom by one of selenium


selenoalkoxylation

selenoalkoxylation (countable and uncountable, plural selenoalkoxylations)

(organic chemistry) The addition reaction of a selenium atom and an alkoxyl group across a double bond


protoselenide

(inorganic chemistry) Any of a series of selenides of a particular metal that has the fewest atoms of selenium per molecule


selenitiferous

en-adj

selenitiferous (comparative more selenitiferous, superlative most selenitiferous)

more selenitiferous (comparative)
most selenitiferous (superlative)

a selenitiferous clay


selenocystein

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of selenocysteine


selenomolybdoenzyme

(biochemistry) A metalloenzyme containing both selenium and molybdenum


tetraselenide

(inorganic chemistry) Any selenide containing four atoms of selenium per molecule


selenometabolite

(biochemistry) Any metabolite that contains selenium


perselenide

(inorganic chemistry) Any selenide containing two or more selenium atoms

(organic chemistry) A form of selenoether having two or more linked selenium atoms R-Se-Se-R'


selenogene

(genetics, biochemistry) Any gene that expresses a selenoprotein


selenocyanide

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound that is a mixed selenide and cyanide


selenopeptide

(biochemistry) Any peptide containing the amino acid selenocysteine


selenophile

From seleno- + -phile, literally “moon-lover”.

con

Accordingly, it seemed probable that by having X in Scheme 1 as SeR, then a selenophile such as copper(1) would promote the C-C bond formation as in Scheme 2 to yield the required systems.

1991 January 1, Craig J. Hawker, Athena Philippides, Alan R. Battersby, “Selenomethylpyrroles: Their Use for Synthesis of Dipyrrylmethanes (Dipyrrins), Tripyranes and Bilanes”, in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, →DOI:

The poisonvetches are obligate selenophiles and the selenium content accounts for their chief toxic effects.

1998 March 23, Robert Alan Lewis, Lewis' Dictionary of Toxicology, CRC-Press, →ISBN, page 127:

(botany, chemistry) Something which tends to absorb selenium.


selenocystine

(biochemistry) A selenoamino acid derived from cystine


selenocystathionine

(organic chemistry) A selenoamino acid derived from cystathionine


selenodiglutathione

(biochemistry) A selenoamino acid derived from diglutathione


selenoamino acid

en-noun

selenoamino acid (plural selenoamino acids)

(biochemistry) A derivative of an amino acid in which an atom of selenium replaces one of sulfur


selenocystamine

(organic chemistry) The derivative of cystamine in which both sulfur atoms have been replaced by those of selenium


hyposelenemia

In 11 of these patients, the hyposelenemia was a result of a variety of gastrointestinal diseases (coeliac disease, malabsorption, Whipple's disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and intestinal obstruction).

1992, Donald W. Seldin, The Kidney: Physiology and Pathophysiology, volume 3, page 2999:

(pathology) The condition of having insufficient selenium in the bloodstream.


selenoperoxidase

(biochemistry) Any peroxidase that contains a selenium atom


pentaselenide

pentaselenide (countable and uncountable, plural pentaselenides)

(chemistry, in combination) Five selenide ions in a compound (Se₅).


selenourea

selenourea (countable and uncountable, plural selenoureas)

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of compounds based on NH₂-CSe-NH₂, derived from urea by replacing the oxygen atom with selenium


selenotranscriptome

The transcriptome of RNA associated with selenoproteins


germanium diselenide

A chemical compound with the formula GeSe. It exists as black crystalline powder having orthorhombic crystal symmetry; at temperatures ~650 °C, it transforms into the cubic NaCl structure.


selenometabolism

(biochemistry) The metabolism of selenium compounds, typically of selenoproteins


selenotranscript

The transcript of RNA associated with a selenoprotein


selenofuran

(organic chemistry) Any analog of a furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by one of selenium


monoselenide

(inorganic chemistry) Any selenide that has a single selenium atom in each molecule or unit cell


selenophilic

en-adj

selenophilic (comparative more selenophilic, superlative most selenophilic)

more selenophilic (comparative)
most selenophilic (superlative)

In some cases, soil concentrations are such that selenophilic plants can accumulate selenium to toxic concentrations.

1998 March 23, Robert Alan Lewis, Lewis' Dictionary of Toxicology, CRC-Press, →ISBN, page 931:

Nevertheless, the addition of a selenophilic trap is often beneficial as highlighted in a number of the examples in this section.

2015 October 26, Molecular Rearrangements in Organic Synthesis, Wiley, →ISBN, page 614:

(botany, chemistry) Tending to absorb selenium.


selenidation

(chemistry) Reaction with selenium to form selenides.


arsenic pentaselenide

(inorganic chemistry) A selenide compound of arsenic with the chemical formula As₃Se₅.


selenium dioxide

(inorganic chemistry) An oxide compound of selenium with the chemical formula SeO₂.


cadmium selenide

(inorganic chemistry) An inorganic compound of cadmium with the chemical formula CdSe, used as an ingredient in the pigments cadmium orange and cadmium red.