umweltschädlich

de-adj

umweltschädlich (strong nominative masculine singular umweltschädlicher, comparative umweltschädlicher, superlative am umweltschädlichsten)

umweltschädlicher (masculine nominative singular strong)
umweltschädlicher (comparative)
am umweltschädlichsten (superlative)
umweltschädlich (masculine predicative singular)
umweltschädlich (feminine predicative singular)
umweltschädlich (neuter predicative singular)
umweltschädlich (plural predicative)
umweltschädlicher (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
umweltschädliche (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
umweltschädliches (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
umweltschädliche (nominative plural strong without-article)
umweltschädlichen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicher (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlichen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicher (genitive plural strong without-article)
umweltschädlichem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicher (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlichem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlichen (dative plural strong without-article)
umweltschädlichen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädliche (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädliches (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
umweltschädliche (accusative plural strong without-article)
der umweltschädliche (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die umweltschädliche (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das umweltschädliche (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die umweltschädlichen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des umweltschädlichen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der umweltschädlichen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des umweltschädlichen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der umweltschädlichen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem umweltschädlichen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der umweltschädlichen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem umweltschädlichen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den umweltschädlichen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den umweltschädlichen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die umweltschädliche (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das umweltschädliche (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die umweltschädlichen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein umweltschädlicher (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine umweltschädliche (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein umweltschädliches (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
umweltschädlichen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine umweltschädlichen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines umweltschädlichen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer umweltschädlichen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines umweltschädlichen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
umweltschädlichen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner umweltschädlichen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem umweltschädlichen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer umweltschädlichen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem umweltschädlichen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
umweltschädlichen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen umweltschädlichen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen umweltschädlichen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine umweltschädliche (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein umweltschädliches (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
umweltschädlichen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine umweltschädlichen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
umweltschädlicher (comparative masculine predicative singular)
umweltschädlicher (comparative feminine predicative singular)
umweltschädlicher (comparative neuter predicative singular)
umweltschädlicher (comparative plural predicative)
umweltschädlicherer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlichere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicheres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlichere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
umweltschädlicheren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicherer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicheren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicherer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
umweltschädlicherem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicherer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicherem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
umweltschädlicheren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlichere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlicheres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
umweltschädlichere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der umweltschädlichere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die umweltschädlichere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das umweltschädlichere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die umweltschädlicheren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des umweltschädlicheren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der umweltschädlicheren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des umweltschädlicheren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der umweltschädlicheren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den umweltschädlicheren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die umweltschädlichere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das umweltschädlichere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die umweltschädlicheren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein umweltschädlicherer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine umweltschädlichere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein umweltschädlicheres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
umweltschädlicheren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine umweltschädlicheren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines umweltschädlicheren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer umweltschädlicheren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines umweltschädlicheren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
umweltschädlicheren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner umweltschädlicheren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen umweltschädlicheren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen umweltschädlicheren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine umweltschädlichere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein umweltschädlicheres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
umweltschädlicheren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine umweltschädlicheren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am umweltschädlichsten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am umweltschädlichsten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am umweltschädlichsten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am umweltschädlichsten (plural predicative superlative)
umweltschädlichster (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichstes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichsten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichster (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichsten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichster (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichstem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichster (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichstem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichsten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichsten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichstes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
umweltschädlichste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der umweltschädlichste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die umweltschädlichste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das umweltschädlichste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die umweltschädlichsten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des umweltschädlichsten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der umweltschädlichsten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des umweltschädlichsten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der umweltschädlichsten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem umweltschädlichsten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der umweltschädlichsten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem umweltschädlichsten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den umweltschädlichsten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den umweltschädlichsten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die umweltschädlichste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das umweltschädlichste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die umweltschädlichsten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein umweltschädlichster (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine umweltschädlichste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein umweltschädlichstes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
umweltschädlichsten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine umweltschädlichsten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines umweltschädlichsten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer umweltschädlichsten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines umweltschädlichsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
umweltschädlichsten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner umweltschädlichsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem umweltschädlichsten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer umweltschädlichsten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem umweltschädlichsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
umweltschädlichsten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen umweltschädlichsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen umweltschädlichsten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine umweltschädlichste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein umweltschädlichstes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
umweltschädlichsten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine umweltschädlichsten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

ecologically harmful, harmful to the environment


extinção

[is.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[es.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[is.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[es.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

/iʃ.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃w̃/

[iʃ.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

/eʃ.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃w̃/

[eʃ.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[es.t͡ʃĩˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

/ɐjʃ.tĩˈsɐ̃w̃/

/ɐjʃ.tĩˈsɐ̃w̃/

Learned borrowing from Latin extīnctiōnem, from extīnctus, perfect passive participle of extīnguō (“to extinguish”).

lbor

Extinção dos dinossauros.

(ecology) extinction (the disappearance of a species from a region, or as a whole)


amazónico

pt-adj

amazónico (feminine amazónica, masculine plural amazónicos, feminine plural amazónicas)

amazónica (feminine)
amazónicos (masculine plural)
amazónicas (feminine plural)

(ecology) Amazonian (having to do with the Amazon region)


urthrá

head

urthrá f (genitive singular urthrá, nominative plural urthránna)

urthrá (genitive singular)
urthránna (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
urthrá (indefinite singular)
urthránna (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a urthrá (indefinite singular)
a urthránna (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an urthrá (definite singular)
na hurthránna (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
na hurthrá (definite singular)
na n-urthránna (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an urthrá (definite singular)
don urthrá (definite singular)
leis na hurthránna (definite plural)
urthrá
n-urthrá
hurthrá


sinekologi

سينيکولوݢي (Jawi)

(ecology) synecology (branch of ecology)


kaji alam hayat

ms-noun

کاجي عالم حيات

kaji alam hayat (Jawi spelling کاجي عالم حيات, plural kaji-kaji alam hayat, informal 1st possessive kaji alam hayatku, 2nd possessive kaji alam hayatmu, 3rd possessive kaji alam hayatnya)

کاجي عالم حيات (Jawi)
kaji-kaji alam hayat (plural)
kaji alam hayat ku (first-person informal possessive)
kaji alam hayat mu (possessive second-person)
kaji alam hayat nya (possessive third-person)


kokonaistuotanto

kokonaistuotanto (nominative singular)
kokonaistuotannot (nominative plural)
kokonaistuotanto (accusative nominative singular)
kokonaistuotannot (accusative nominative plural)
kokonaistuotannon (accusative genitive singular)
kokonaistuotannot (accusative genitive plural)
kokonaistuotannon (genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojen (genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantoa (partitive singular)
kokonaistuotantoja (partitive plural)
kokonaistuotannossa (inessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoissa (inessive plural)
kokonaistuotannosta (elative singular)
kokonaistuotannoista (elative plural)
kokonaistuotantoon (illative singular)
kokonaistuotantoihin (illative plural)
kokonaistuotannolla (adessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoilla (adessive plural)
kokonaistuotannolta (ablative singular)
kokonaistuotannoilta (ablative plural)
kokonaistuotannolle (allative singular)
kokonaistuotannoille (allative plural)
kokonaistuotantona (essive singular)
kokonaistuotantoina (essive plural)
kokonaistuotannoksi (singular translative)
kokonaistuotannoiksi (plural translative)
kokonaistuotannotta (abessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoitta (abessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kokonaistuotantoni (nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantoni (nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantoni (accusative nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantoni (accusative nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantoni (accusative genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantoni (accusative genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantoni (genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojeni (genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantoani (partitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojani (partitive plural)
kokonaistuotannossani (inessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoissani (inessive plural)
kokonaistuotannostani (elative singular)
kokonaistuotannoistani (elative plural)
kokonaistuotantooni (illative singular)
kokonaistuotantoihini (illative plural)
kokonaistuotannollani (adessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoillani (adessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoltani (ablative singular)
kokonaistuotannoiltani (ablative plural)
kokonaistuotannolleni (allative singular)
kokonaistuotannoilleni (allative plural)
kokonaistuotantonani (essive singular)
kokonaistuotantoinani (essive plural)
kokonaistuotannokseni (singular translative)
kokonaistuotannoikseni (plural translative)
kokonaistuotannottani (abessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoittani (abessive plural)
kokonaistuotantoineni (comitative plural)
kokonaistuotantosi (nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantosi (nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantosi (accusative nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantosi (accusative nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantosi (accusative genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantosi (accusative genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantosi (genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojesi (genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantoasi (partitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojasi (partitive plural)
kokonaistuotannossasi (inessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoissasi (inessive plural)
kokonaistuotannostasi (elative singular)
kokonaistuotannoistasi (elative plural)
kokonaistuotantoosi (illative singular)
kokonaistuotantoihisi (illative plural)
kokonaistuotannollasi (adessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoillasi (adessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoltasi (ablative singular)
kokonaistuotannoiltasi (ablative plural)
kokonaistuotannollesi (allative singular)
kokonaistuotannoillesi (allative plural)
kokonaistuotantonasi (essive singular)
kokonaistuotantoinasi (essive plural)
kokonaistuotannoksesi (singular translative)
kokonaistuotannoiksesi (plural translative)
kokonaistuotannottasi (abessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoittasi (abessive plural)
kokonaistuotantoinesi (comitative plural)
kokonaistuotantomme (nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantomme (nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantomme (accusative nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantomme (accusative nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantomme (accusative genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantomme (accusative genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantomme (genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojemme (genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantoamme (partitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojamme (partitive plural)
kokonaistuotannossamme (inessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoissamme (inessive plural)
kokonaistuotannostamme (elative singular)
kokonaistuotannoistamme (elative plural)
kokonaistuotantoomme (illative singular)
kokonaistuotantoihimme (illative plural)
kokonaistuotannollamme (adessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoillamme (adessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoltamme (ablative singular)
kokonaistuotannoiltamme (ablative plural)
kokonaistuotannollemme (allative singular)
kokonaistuotannoillemme (allative plural)
kokonaistuotantonamme (essive singular)
kokonaistuotantoinamme (essive plural)
kokonaistuotannoksemme (singular translative)
kokonaistuotannoiksemme (plural translative)
kokonaistuotannottamme (abessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoittamme (abessive plural)
kokonaistuotantoinemme (comitative plural)
kokonaistuotantonne (nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantonne (nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantonne (accusative nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantonne (accusative nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantonne (accusative genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantonne (accusative genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantonne (genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojenne (genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantoanne (partitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojanne (partitive plural)
kokonaistuotannossanne (inessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoissanne (inessive plural)
kokonaistuotannostanne (elative singular)
kokonaistuotannoistanne (elative plural)
kokonaistuotantoonne (illative singular)
kokonaistuotantoihinne (illative plural)
kokonaistuotannollanne (adessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoillanne (adessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoltanne (ablative singular)
kokonaistuotannoiltanne (ablative plural)
kokonaistuotannollenne (allative singular)
kokonaistuotannoillenne (allative plural)
kokonaistuotantonanne (essive singular)
kokonaistuotantoinanne (essive plural)
kokonaistuotannoksenne (singular translative)
kokonaistuotannoiksenne (plural translative)
kokonaistuotannottanne (abessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoittanne (abessive plural)
kokonaistuotantoinenne (comitative plural)
kokonaistuotantonsa (nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantonsa (nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantonsa (accusative nominative singular)
kokonaistuotantonsa (accusative nominative plural)
kokonaistuotantonsa (accusative genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantonsa (accusative genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantonsa (genitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojensa (genitive plural)
kokonaistuotantoaan (partitive singular)
kokonaistuotantoansa (partitive singular)
kokonaistuotantojaan (partitive plural)
kokonaistuotantojansa (partitive plural)
kokonaistuotannossaan (inessive singular)
kokonaistuotannossansa (inessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoissaan (inessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoissansa (inessive plural)
kokonaistuotannostaan (elative singular)
kokonaistuotannostansa (elative singular)
kokonaistuotannoistaan (elative plural)
kokonaistuotannoistansa (elative plural)
kokonaistuotantoonsa (illative singular)
kokonaistuotantoihinsa (illative plural)
kokonaistuotannollaan (adessive singular)
kokonaistuotannollansa (adessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoillaan (adessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoillansa (adessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoltaan (ablative singular)
kokonaistuotannoltansa (ablative singular)
kokonaistuotannoiltaan (ablative plural)
kokonaistuotannoiltansa (ablative plural)
kokonaistuotannolleen (allative singular)
kokonaistuotannollensa (allative singular)
kokonaistuotannoilleen (allative plural)
kokonaistuotannoillensa (allative plural)
kokonaistuotantonaan (essive singular)
kokonaistuotantonansa (essive singular)
kokonaistuotantoinaan (essive plural)
kokonaistuotantoinansa (essive plural)
kokonaistuotannokseen (singular translative)
kokonaistuotannoksensa (singular translative)
kokonaistuotannoikseen (plural translative)
kokonaistuotannoiksensa (plural translative)
kokonaistuotannottaan (abessive singular)
kokonaistuotannottansa (abessive singular)
kokonaistuotannoittaan (abessive plural)
kokonaistuotannoittansa (abessive plural)
kokonaistuotantoineen (comitative plural)
kokonaistuotantoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈko̞ko̞nɑ̝i̯s̠ˌtuo̞̯t̪ɑ̝n̪t̪o̞]


sürdürülebilirlik

head

sürdürülebilirlik (definite accusative sürdürülebilirliği, plural sürdürülebilirlikler)

sürdürülebilirliği (accusative definite)
sürdürülebilirlikler (plural)
sürdürülebilirlik (nominative singular)
sürdürülebilirlikler (nominative plural)
sürdürülebilirliği (accusative definite singular)
sürdürülebilirlikleri (accusative definite plural)
sürdürülebilirliğe (dative singular)
sürdürülebilirliklere (dative plural)
sürdürülebilirlikte (locative singular)
sürdürülebilirliklerde (locative plural)
sürdürülebilirlikten (ablative singular)
sürdürülebilirliklerden (ablative plural)
sürdürülebilirliğin (genitive singular)
sürdürülebilirliklerin (genitive plural)


sürdürebilirlik

sürdürebilirlik (definite accusative sürdürebilirliği, plural sürdürebilirlikler)

sürdürebilirliği (accusative definite)
sürdürebilirlikler (plural)
sürdürebilirlik (nominative singular)
sürdürebilirlikler (nominative plural)
sürdürebilirliği (accusative definite singular)
sürdürebilirlikleri (accusative definite plural)
sürdürebilirliğe (dative singular)
sürdürebilirliklere (dative plural)
sürdürebilirlikte (locative singular)
sürdürebilirliklerde (locative plural)
sürdürebilirlikten (ablative singular)
sürdürebilirliklerden (ablative plural)
sürdürebilirliğin (genitive singular)
sürdürebilirliklerin (genitive plural)

(ecology) Synonym of sürdürülebilirlik (sustainability)


levinneisyysalue

levinneisyysalue (nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueet (nominative plural)
levinneisyysalue (accusative nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueet (accusative nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueen (accusative genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueet (accusative genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueen (genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueiden (genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueitten (genitive plural)
levinneisyysaluetta (partitive singular)
levinneisyysalueita (partitive plural)
levinneisyysalueessa (inessive singular)
levinneisyysalueissa (inessive plural)
levinneisyysalueesta (elative singular)
levinneisyysalueista (elative plural)
levinneisyysalueeseen (illative singular)
levinneisyysalueisiin (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueihin (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueella (adessive singular)
levinneisyysalueilla (adessive plural)
levinneisyysalueelta (ablative singular)
levinneisyysalueilta (ablative plural)
levinneisyysalueelle (allative singular)
levinneisyysalueille (allative plural)
levinneisyysalueena (essive singular)
levinneisyysalueina (essive plural)
levinneisyysalueeksi (singular translative)
levinneisyysalueiksi (plural translative)
levinneisyysalueetta (abessive singular)
levinneisyysalueitta (abessive plural)
levinneisyysaluein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
levinneisyysalueeni (nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueeni (nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueeni (accusative nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueeni (accusative nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueeni (accusative genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueeni (accusative genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueeni (genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueideni (genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueitteni (genitive plural)
levinneisyysaluettani (partitive singular)
levinneisyysalueitani (partitive plural)
levinneisyysalueessani (inessive singular)
levinneisyysalueissani (inessive plural)
levinneisyysalueestani (elative singular)
levinneisyysalueistani (elative plural)
levinneisyysalueeseeni (illative singular)
levinneisyysalueisiini (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueihini (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueellani (adessive singular)
levinneisyysalueillani (adessive plural)
levinneisyysalueeltani (ablative singular)
levinneisyysalueiltani (ablative plural)
levinneisyysalueelleni (allative singular)
levinneisyysalueilleni (allative plural)
levinneisyysalueenani (essive singular)
levinneisyysalueinani (essive plural)
levinneisyysalueekseni (singular translative)
levinneisyysalueikseni (plural translative)
levinneisyysalueettani (abessive singular)
levinneisyysalueittani (abessive plural)
levinneisyysalueineni (comitative plural)
levinneisyysalueesi (nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueesi (nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueesi (accusative nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueesi (accusative nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueesi (accusative genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueesi (accusative genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueesi (genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueidesi (genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueittesi (genitive plural)
levinneisyysaluettasi (partitive singular)
levinneisyysalueitasi (partitive plural)
levinneisyysalueessasi (inessive singular)
levinneisyysalueissasi (inessive plural)
levinneisyysalueestasi (elative singular)
levinneisyysalueistasi (elative plural)
levinneisyysalueeseesi (illative singular)
levinneisyysalueisiisi (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueihisi (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueellasi (adessive singular)
levinneisyysalueillasi (adessive plural)
levinneisyysalueeltasi (ablative singular)
levinneisyysalueiltasi (ablative plural)
levinneisyysalueellesi (allative singular)
levinneisyysalueillesi (allative plural)
levinneisyysalueenasi (essive singular)
levinneisyysalueinasi (essive plural)
levinneisyysalueeksesi (singular translative)
levinneisyysalueiksesi (plural translative)
levinneisyysalueettasi (abessive singular)
levinneisyysalueittasi (abessive plural)
levinneisyysalueinesi (comitative plural)
levinneisyysalueemme (nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueemme (nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueemme (accusative nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueemme (accusative nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueemme (accusative genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueemme (accusative genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueemme (genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueidemme (genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueittemme (genitive plural)
levinneisyysaluettamme (partitive singular)
levinneisyysalueitamme (partitive plural)
levinneisyysalueessamme (inessive singular)
levinneisyysalueissamme (inessive plural)
levinneisyysalueestamme (elative singular)
levinneisyysalueistamme (elative plural)
levinneisyysalueeseemme (illative singular)
levinneisyysalueisiimme (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueihimme (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueellamme (adessive singular)
levinneisyysalueillamme (adessive plural)
levinneisyysalueeltamme (ablative singular)
levinneisyysalueiltamme (ablative plural)
levinneisyysalueellemme (allative singular)
levinneisyysalueillemme (allative plural)
levinneisyysalueenamme (essive singular)
levinneisyysalueinamme (essive plural)
levinneisyysalueeksemme (singular translative)
levinneisyysalueiksemme (plural translative)
levinneisyysalueettamme (abessive singular)
levinneisyysalueittamme (abessive plural)
levinneisyysalueinemme (comitative plural)
levinneisyysalueenne (nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueenne (nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueenne (accusative nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueenne (accusative nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueenne (accusative genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueenne (accusative genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueenne (genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueidenne (genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueittenne (genitive plural)
levinneisyysaluettanne (partitive singular)
levinneisyysalueitanne (partitive plural)
levinneisyysalueessanne (inessive singular)
levinneisyysalueissanne (inessive plural)
levinneisyysalueestanne (elative singular)
levinneisyysalueistanne (elative plural)
levinneisyysalueeseenne (illative singular)
levinneisyysalueisiinne (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueihinne (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueellanne (adessive singular)
levinneisyysalueillanne (adessive plural)
levinneisyysalueeltanne (ablative singular)
levinneisyysalueiltanne (ablative plural)
levinneisyysalueellenne (allative singular)
levinneisyysalueillenne (allative plural)
levinneisyysalueenanne (essive singular)
levinneisyysalueinanne (essive plural)
levinneisyysalueeksenne (singular translative)
levinneisyysalueiksenne (plural translative)
levinneisyysalueettanne (abessive singular)
levinneisyysalueittanne (abessive plural)
levinneisyysalueinenne (comitative plural)
levinneisyysalueensa (nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueensa (nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueensa (accusative nominative singular)
levinneisyysalueensa (accusative nominative plural)
levinneisyysalueensa (accusative genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueensa (accusative genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueensa (genitive singular)
levinneisyysalueidensa (genitive plural)
levinneisyysalueittensa (genitive plural)
levinneisyysaluettaan (partitive singular)
levinneisyysaluettansa (partitive singular)
levinneisyysalueitaan (partitive plural)
levinneisyysalueitansa (partitive plural)
levinneisyysalueessaan (inessive singular)
levinneisyysalueessansa (inessive singular)
levinneisyysalueissaan (inessive plural)
levinneisyysalueissansa (inessive plural)
levinneisyysalueestaan (elative singular)
levinneisyysalueestansa (elative singular)
levinneisyysalueistaan (elative plural)
levinneisyysalueistansa (elative plural)
levinneisyysalueeseensa (illative singular)
levinneisyysalueisiinsa (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueihinsa (illative plural)
levinneisyysalueellaan (adessive singular)
levinneisyysalueellansa (adessive singular)
levinneisyysalueillaan (adessive plural)
levinneisyysalueillansa (adessive plural)
levinneisyysalueeltaan (ablative singular)
levinneisyysalueeltansa (ablative singular)
levinneisyysalueiltaan (ablative plural)
levinneisyysalueiltansa (ablative plural)
levinneisyysalueelleen (allative singular)
levinneisyysalueellensa (allative singular)
levinneisyysalueilleen (allative plural)
levinneisyysalueillensa (allative plural)
levinneisyysalueenaan (essive singular)
levinneisyysalueenansa (essive singular)
levinneisyysalueinaan (essive plural)
levinneisyysalueinansa (essive plural)
levinneisyysalueekseen (singular translative)
levinneisyysalueeksensa (singular translative)
levinneisyysalueikseen (plural translative)
levinneisyysalueiksensa (plural translative)
levinneisyysalueettaan (abessive singular)
levinneisyysalueettansa (abessive singular)
levinneisyysalueittaan (abessive plural)
levinneisyysalueittansa (abessive plural)
levinneisyysalueineen (comitative plural)
levinneisyysalueinensa (comitative plural)


기생

Sino-Korean word from 寄生 (“parasitism”).


subnivium

From sub- (“under”) + Latin nix (“snow”) + -ium.

Voles and shrews thriving in networks of tunnels in the subnivium would experience a loss of their snowy refuge and face greater metabolic demands to cope with more-frequent and harsher exposure to the elements.

2019, Colin Rees, Nature's Calendar, Johns Hopkins University Press, page 231:

Scientists have long studied the subnivium, a stratum of life that exists within and below the snowpack. The subnivium enjoys a microclimate created by heat and moisture escaping the ground.

2021, Porter Fox, The Last Winter, Hachette Book Group, unnumbered page:

Without a snow cover, the duration of frozen soil will increase, causing winter cooling for subnivium-dependent organisms (Zhu et al., 2019).

2022, Jeffrey L. Walck, Siti N. Hidayati, “10: Plant regeneration from seeds in a the temperate deciduous forest zone under a changing climate”, in Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin, editors, Plant Regeneration from Seeds, Elsevier (Academic Press), page 131:

(ecology) The seasonal microenvironment beneath the snow.


logistic growth

(ecology) A pattern of growth that can be represented by a logistic function.


sera etkisi

sera etkisi (definite accusative sera etkisini, plural sera etkileri)

sera etkisini (accusative definite)
sera etkileri (plural)
sera etkisi (nominative singular)
sera etkileri (nominative plural)
sera etkisini (accusative definite singular)
sera etkilerini (accusative definite plural)
sera etkisine (dative singular)
sera etkilerine (dative plural)
sera etkisinde (locative singular)
sera etkilerinde (locative plural)
sera etkisinden (ablative singular)
sera etkilerinden (ablative plural)
sera etkisinin (genitive singular)
sera etkilerinin (genitive plural)


thermal credit

(ecology) A unit that offsets the thermal impact of one ton of carbon dioxide, accounting the net thermal impact generated by human activity on the Earth's climate.


edaphoclimatic

en-adj

edaphoclimatic (comparative more edaphoclimatic, superlative most edaphoclimatic)

more edaphoclimatic (comparative)
most edaphoclimatic (superlative)

(ecology) Relating to edaphology and climate


絶滅

絶滅 (canonical)
zetsumetsu (romanization)


污染物

/u⁵⁵ ʐän²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ jiːm¹³ mɐt̚²/

/u⁵⁵ ʐän²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ jiːm¹³ mɐt̚²/


aquafauna

en-noun

aquafauna (plural aquafaunae or aquafaunas or aquafaunæ)

aquafaunae (plural)
aquafaunas (plural)
aquafaunæ (plural)

From aqua- (“water”) + fauna (“animals”).

(ecology) aquatic animals considered as a group


aquafauna

(ecology) aquafauna (aquatic animals considered as a group)


saprobic

en-adj

saprobic (not generally comparable, comparative more saprobic, superlative most saprobic)

more saprobic (comparative)
most saprobic (superlative)

1969, Wilhelm Rohde, Crystallization of Eutrophication Concepts in Northern Europe, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences, Correctives, Symposium Proceedings, page 60,
Each of the polysaprobic, mesosaprobic, and oligosaprobic zones is now divided into one α- and one β-level, of which the former is more saprobic than the latter.

The s-score relates to the saprobic zone of which the species are characteristic; a score of between 1 and 4 is assigned to each species, depending upon whether it is typically found in oligosaprobic, α-mesosaprobic, β-mesosaprobic or polysaprobic zones, respectively.

1996, P. D. Abel, Water Pollution Biology, 2nd edition, page 87:

(ecology) That contains dead or decaying organic material (and therefore also saprobes).


aduggiamento

(ecology) the ecology of forests in which the biomass is subjected to continual shade


climax community

en-noun

climax community (plural climax communities)

(ecology) A community (group of interdependent organisms interacting with one another) which, through the process of ecological succession (the development of vegetation in an area over time), has reached a steady state.


autoecism

1972, B. K. Bakshi, Relative Blister Rust Resistance of Native and Introduced White Pines in Asia, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, US Forest Service, University of Idaho, Biology of Rust Resistance in Forest Trees: Proceedings of a NATO-IUFRO Advanced Study Institute, page 254,
This may possibly be explained by autoecism (pine-to-pine spread) in the aecial stage of the rust, but autoecism has not been conclusively proved (Spaulding, 1922).

Other measures[…]are deficient because of the large geographic distribution of the pathogens, their wide host ranges, their high spore dispersal capabilities, and the autoecism of some rusts.

2005, Salvatore Moricca, Alessandro Ragazzi, Gemma Assante, “Biocontrol of Rust Fungi by Cladosporium tenuissimum”, in Ming Hao Pei, Alistair R. McCracken, editors, Rust Diseases of Willow and Poplar, page 215:

(ecology, of a parasite or dependent organism) The fact of completing an entire life cycle on a single host species.


bayhead

A hammock or a "bayhead" (a cypress swamp) offers the next most favorable conditions, but a soil of nearly pure muck or vegetable detritus, of a fine floury texture, does not resist drouth as well as does the sandy flatwoods soil.

(ecology) A swamp habitat dominated by bay laurels.


demogenetics

(genetics, ecology) The genetics of populations of organisms


plurispecific

(ecology) Composed of (similar) organisms of many different species


demogenetic

(genetics, ecology) Relating to demogenetics


phylloplane

On the island of Barro Colorado, with an area of 23 square kilometres, at least 43 species of the genus Poecilominettia co-exist, all of which are known to feed upon the same material, namely phylloplane fungi.

1989, Elcy C. Broadhead, “The species of Poecilominettia, Homoeominettia and Floriminettia (Diptera, Lauxaniidae) in Panama”, in Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, volume 58, number 2, pages 185–226:

(ecology) The surface of a leaf, considered as a habitat


cipoal

Em áreas restritas se observa a dominância do cipoal sobre as formações florestais de palmeiras e de árvores emergentes.

1978, Projeto Radam, Levantamento de recursos naturais: geologia, geomorfologia, solos, vegetação, uso potencial da terra, volume 16, page 551:

In certain areas, the dominance of liana tangles over forest formations [consisting] of palm tree and emergents can be observed.


biovolume

The separate biovolumes of herbivores, predators, parasites, and detritivores did not vary consistently with grass treatment (Table 2 ).

2015 July 10, “Grassland Arthropods Are Controlled by Direct and Indirect Interactions with Cattle but Are Largely Unaffected by Plant Provenance”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) A surrogate for biomass, used in ecological studies of invertebrates (normally quoted in cubic millimetres).


codistributed

(ecology) distributed along with another (species etc)


ρύπος

rýpos (romanization)
ρύποι (plural)
ρύπος (nominative singular)
ρύποι (nominative plural)
ρύπου (genitive singular)
ρύπων (genitive plural)
ρύπο (accusative singular)
ρύπους (accusative plural)
ρύπε (singular vocative)
ρύποι (plural vocative)

(chemistry, ecology) contamination, impurity


Sanierung

de-noun

Sanierung f (genitive Sanierung, plural Sanierungen)

Sanierung (genitive)
Sanierungen (plural)
Sanierung (nominative singular)
Sanierungen (definite nominative plural)
Sanierung (genitive singular)
Sanierungen (definite genitive plural)
Sanierung (dative singular)
Sanierungen (dative definite plural)
Sanierung (accusative singular)
Sanierungen (accusative definite plural)

(ecology, medicine) rehabilitation, remediation


cryophile

(ecology) an organism that thrives at low temperatures


ecofascism

(derogatory) Aggressive environmental activism.


環境保護

ㄏㄨㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄥˋ ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ

хуаньцзин баоху

/xu̯än³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

/waːn²¹ kɪŋ³⁵ pou̯³⁵ wuː²²/

/xu̯än³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

/waːn²¹ kɪŋ³⁵ pou̯³⁵ wuː²²/

environmental protection
environmental protection


økotype

head

økotype m (definite singular økotypen, indefinite plural økotyper, definite plural økotypene)

økotypen (definite singular)
økotyper (indefinite plural)
økotypene (definite plural)


økotype

økotype m (definite singular økotypen, indefinite plural økotypar, definite plural økotypane)

økotypen (definite singular)
økotypar (indefinite plural)
økotypane (definite plural)


ecosection

(ecology) A part of an ecoregion that shows only minor physiographic, macroclimatic or oceanographic variations


aquecimento global

pt-noun

aquecimento global m (usually uncountable, plural aquecimentos globais)

global warming (increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere to cause climate change)


efeito de estufa

efeito de estufa m (usually uncountable, plural efeitos de estufa)

(Portugal, ecology) greenhouse effect (process by which a planet is warmed by its atmosphere)


endossimbiose

(ecology) endosymbiosis (living within another organism)


economicology

(ecology, economics) The study of the interrelationship between economics and ecology


evolutionary trap

en-noun

evolutionary trap (plural evolutionary traps)

(ecology) The situation of a rapid ecological change triggering decisions about choice of habitat that are detrimental for an individual; an ecological trap.

ecological trap

situation of ecological change triggering bad choices about habitat


bioklimatologia

bioklimatologia (nominative singular)
bioklimatologii (genitive singular)
bioklimatologii (dative singular)
bioklimatologię (accusative singular)
bioklimatologią (instrumental singular)
bioklimatologii (locative singular)
bioklimatologio (singular vocative)

From bio- + klimatologia. First attested in 1934.


Altlast

de-noun

Altlast f (genitive Altlast, plural Altlasten)

Altlast (genitive)
Altlasten (plural)
Altlast (nominative singular)
Altlasten (definite nominative plural)
Altlast (genitive singular)
Altlasten (definite genitive plural)
Altlast (dative singular)
Altlasten (dative definite plural)
Altlast (accusative singular)
Altlasten (accusative definite plural)

alt (“old”) + Last (“encumbrance, burden”)


biopedturbation

From bio- + Ancient Greek πέδον (pédon, “soil”) + Latin turbātiō (“disturbance; confusion”).

der

The implications of the biopedturbation caused by sooty shearwater burrowing to the extent measured in this study may be profound for some ecosystem processes […]

2006, Walter G. Whitford, Fenton R. Kay, “Biopedturbation by an island ecosystem engineer: Burrowing volumes and litter deposition by sooty shearwaters”, in New Zealand Journal of Zoology, volume 33, number 4:

(geology, ecology) The mixing or disturbance of soil by living organisms, as opposed to disturbance of other media such as sediment or leaf litter.


anthropochorous

/ænθɹɒpəˈkɔːɹəs/

Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, “man, human”) + χωρίζω (khōrízō, “separate, spread”).

uder

(ecology, of fauna, or flora) that have populations transported as aliens to geographical areas by the direct or indirect, typically inadvertent, action of humans.

From their initial habitats, many anthropochorous insects have been transported by humans around the globe and several are now cosmopolitan in distribution.

2003, Kevin J. Edwards, Ian Ralston, Scotland After the Ice Age: Environment, Archaeology and History, 8000 BC - AD 1000:

(ecology, of fauna, or flora) that have populations effectively relying on human transport or action, typically inadvertent, for their propagation.


anthropochore

(ecology) A species that depends on anthropochory as a routine means of reproductive dispersal.

Although most anthropochores undoubtedly have been transported by man from the Old World to the New, there is evidence that at least some now known from Europe first became known from the United States and were carried east.

(ecology) A population of a species in a region where it does not natively occur, established by anthropochorous events in the past.


aposematically

Some bees are aposematically coloured.


monodominance

(ecology) The condition of being monodominant


monodominant

(ecology) dominated by organisms of a single species


биосфера

biosfera (romanization)
биосфера (nominative singular)
биосфералар (nominative plural)
биосфераның (genitive singular)
биосфералардың (genitive plural)
биосфераға (dative singular)
биосфераларға (dative plural)
биосфераны (accusative singular)
биосфераларды (accusative plural)
биосферада (locative singular)
биосфераларда (locative plural)
биосферадан (ablative singular)
биосфералардан (ablative plural)
биосферамен (instrumental singular)
биосфералармен (instrumental plural)

kk-decl-noun

биосфералардың

биосфераларға

биосфераларды

биосфераларда

биосфералардан

биосфералармен

Borrowed from Russian биосфе́ра (biosféra), from Latin biosphaera, from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “life”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “ball, globe”).


биосфера

biosfera (romanization)
биосфера (indefinite singular)
биосфери (indefinite plural)
биосферата (definite singular unspecified)
биосферите (definite plural unspecified)
биосферава (definite proximal singular)
биосфериве (definite plural proximal)
биосферана (definite distal singular)
биосферине (definite distal plural)
биосферо (singular vocative)
биосфери (plural vocative)


биосфера

ru-noun+

биосфе́ра • (biosféra) f inan (genitive биосфе́ры, nominative plural биосфе́ры, genitive plural биосфе́р)

биосфе́ра (canonical)
biosféra (romanization)
биосфе́ры (genitive)
биосфе́ры (nominative plural)
биосфе́р (genitive plural)
биосфе́ра (nominative singular)
биосфе́ры (nominative plural)
биосфе́ры (genitive singular)
биосфе́р (genitive plural)
биосфе́ре (dative singular)
биосфе́рам (dative plural)
биосфе́ру (accusative singular)
биосфе́ры (accusative plural)
биосфе́рой (instrumental singular)
биосфе́рою (instrumental singular)
биосфе́рами (instrumental plural)
биосфе́ре (prepositional singular)
биосфе́рах (plural prepositional)

→ Kazakh: биосфера (biosfera)


популяция

kk-noun

популяция • (populäsiä)

populäsiä (romanization)
популяция (nominative singular)
популяциялар (nominative plural)
популяцияның (genitive singular)
популяциялардың (genitive plural)
популяцияға (dative singular)
популяцияларға (dative plural)
популяцияны (accusative singular)
популяцияларды (accusative plural)
популяцияда (locative singular)
популяцияларда (locative plural)
популяциядан (ablative singular)
популяциялардан (ablative plural)
популяциямен (instrumental singular)
популяциялармен (instrumental plural)

kk-decl-noun

популяциялар

популяцияның

популяциялардың

популяцияларға

популяцияларды

популяцияларда

популяциядан

популяциялардан

популяциямен

популяциялармен

Borrowed from Russian популя́ция (populjácija), from Late Latin populatio, from Latin populus.


antropização

(ecology) anthropisation (transformation or adaptation of the environment to meet the needs of humans)


astroecology

The study of the interactions of biota with space environments.


گاز گلخانه‌ای

head

گازهای گلخانهای

گاز گلخانهای • (gâz-e gol-xâne-'i) (plural گازهای گلخانهای (gâz-hâ-ye gol-xâne-'i))

fa-noun

گازهای گلخانهای

گاز گلخانهای (canonical)
gâz-e gol-xâne-'i (romanization)
گازهای گلخانهای (plural)

From گاز (gâz, “gas”) + گلخانهای (gol-xâne-'i, “of or relating to greenhouses”).

compound

fa:گاز گلخانه‌ای


اثر گلخانه‌ای

اثر گلخانهای (canonical)
asar-e gol-xâne-'i (romanization)

From اثر (asar, “effect”) + گلخانهای (gol-xâne-'i, “of or relating to greenhouses”).

fa:اثر گلخانه‌ای


plastisphere

From plastic + -sphere, analogous to biosphere. Coined by American biologist Linda Amaral-Zettler.

coin

Welcome to the plastisphere

2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

(The Plastisphere is one of the many industrial-natural ecosystems that characterize the Anthropocene.) Cleaning ocean plastics, even if it were technologically possible on a scale that would make a difference, would disrupt and destroy the life we would be trying to save in the first place.

2014, Marina Zurkow, The Petroleum Manga, punctum books, →DOI, →ISBN, page 24:

Freshwater and marine habitats share a number of features, but there are also differences between them that may affect the development and activities of plastisphere consortia.

2017, Martin Wagner, Scott Lambert, Freshwater Microplastics: Emerging Environmental Contaminants?, Springer, →ISBN, page 183:

(ecology) The ecosystem on the surface of a piece of plastic (especially in a marine environment).


sustentabilidade

pt-noun

sustentabilidade f (plural sustentabilidades)

(ecology) sustainability (the ability to carry out human activities without affecting the natural environment)


heteromyopia

From hetero- + myopia, as the animals involved are metaphorically short-sighted in their view of other species.

(ecology) The situation in which interspecific competition occurs over shorter distances than intraspecific competition.


synurbic

en-adj

synurbic (comparative more synurbic, superlative most synurbic)

more synurbic (comparative)
most synurbic (superlative)

(ecology) That lives (predominantly) within an urban ecosystem; adapted to urban life.


barophobic

barophobic (comparative more barophobic, superlative most barophobic)

more barophobic (comparative)
most barophobic (superlative)

Non-marine bacteria: Freshwater and parasitic bacteria are barophobic.

2001, Edited by Rabin Sen Gupta, The Indian Ocean: A Perspective, Volume 2, →ISBN, page 500:

(ecology) Not adapted to survive at high pressures.


levested

head

levested n (definite singular levestedet, indefinite plural levesteder, definite plural levestedene)

levestedet (definite singular)
levesteder (indefinite plural)
levestedene (definite plural)


cosmopolitano

pt-adj

cosmopolitano (feminine cosmopolitana, masculine plural cosmopolitanos, feminine plural cosmopolitanas)

cosmopolitana (feminine)
cosmopolitanos (masculine plural)
cosmopolitanas (feminine plural)

By surface analysis, cosmopolita + -ano.

(biology, ecology) cosmopolitan (growing in many parts of the world; widely distributed)


pyrodiversity

Despite ambiguities in reconstructing presuppression fire behavior, there is wide agreement that a century of fire-suppression management has resulted in a large increase of dead and living fuel, increasing the probability of surface fires becoming crown fires of greater areal extent and intensity. That is, "pyrodiversity" has declined from a once wide spectrum over space, time, and intensity. The likely consequence is that biodiversity has declined as well (Martin and Sapsis 1992).

2000, Michael G. Barbour, Richard A. Minnich, “Californian Upland Forests and Woodlands”, in North American Terrestrial Vegetation, pages 180–181:

Some scientists suggest that pyrodiversity (the diversity in frequency, scale, season, and type of fire) leads to great biodiversity of plant species and vegetation types.

2005, Kat Anderson, Tending the Wild: Native American Knowledge and the Management of California's Natural Resources, page 18:

Consequently, as we see later in this book, Native Californians experimented with pyrodiversity practices in an attempt to diversify plant and animal resources and to minimize the risks of serious food shortages through storage, trade, and mass harvests when resources were plentiful.

2009, Kent G. Lightfoot, California Indians and Their Environment: An Introduction, page 70:

(ecology) A variation in the kinds of fire, whether produced by natural conditions or controlled burning, in an environment or ecosystem.


ergasiophygophyte

Ancient Greek ἐργᾰσίᾱ (ergasíā, “work, production”) + φῠγή (phugḗ, “flight”) + -phyte (“plant”)

uder

12 taxa were numbered among ergasiophygophytes

2003, Ludwik Frey, Problems of grass biology, page 196:

(ecology, rare) Any formerly cultivated plant that has escaped into the wild.


holosaprophyte

From German Holosaprophyt, equivalent to holo- (“whole”) + sapro- (“putric, rotten”) + -phyte (“plant”).

confix

(ecology) An organism which is purely a saprophyte.


sinh thái học

[sïŋ˧˧ tʰaːj˧˦ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ tʰaːj˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨn˧˧ tʰaːj˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ tʰaːj˦˥ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[sɨn˧˧ tʰaːj˦˥ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生態學, borrowed from Japanese 生態学 (seitaigaku)


microinsular

(ecology) Relating to, or found on, a very small island.


microinsularity

(ecology) The condition of being microinsular


Mata Atlântica

(ecology) Atlantic Forest (a forest and biome in southern and southeastern Brazil)


quần thể

[kwəŋ˦˩ tʰej˧˨]

[wəŋ˨˩ tʰej˨˩˦]


ecad

(ecology) An organism whose form has been affected by its environment.


生物多樣性

ㄕㄥ ㄨˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄧㄤˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ

шэнъу доянсин

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ u⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ mɐt̚² tɔː⁵⁵ jœːŋ²² sɪŋ³³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ u⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ mɐt̚² tɔː⁵⁵ jœːŋ²² sɪŋ³³/


biohajoavuus

biohajoavuus (nominative singular)
biohajoavuudet (nominative plural)
biohajoavuus (accusative nominative singular)
biohajoavuudet (accusative nominative plural)
biohajoavuuden (accusative genitive singular)
biohajoavuudet (accusative genitive plural)
biohajoavuuden (genitive singular)
biohajoavuuksien (genitive plural)
biohajoavuutta (partitive singular)
biohajoavuuksia (partitive plural)
biohajoavuudessa (inessive singular)
biohajoavuuksissa (inessive plural)
biohajoavuudesta (elative singular)
biohajoavuuksista (elative plural)
biohajoavuuteen (illative singular)
biohajoavuuksiin (illative plural)
biohajoavuudella (adessive singular)
biohajoavuuksilla (adessive plural)
biohajoavuudelta (ablative singular)
biohajoavuuksilta (ablative plural)
biohajoavuudelle (allative singular)
biohajoavuuksille (allative plural)
biohajoavuutena (essive singular)
biohajoavuuksina (essive plural)
biohajoavuudeksi (singular translative)
biohajoavuuksiksi (plural translative)
biohajoavuudetta (abessive singular)
biohajoavuuksitta (abessive plural)
biohajoavuuksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
biohajoavuuteni (nominative singular)
biohajoavuuteni (nominative plural)
biohajoavuuteni (accusative nominative singular)
biohajoavuuteni (accusative nominative plural)
biohajoavuuteni (accusative genitive singular)
biohajoavuuteni (accusative genitive plural)
biohajoavuuteni (genitive singular)
biohajoavuuksieni (genitive plural)
biohajoavuuttani (partitive singular)
biohajoavuuksiani (partitive plural)
biohajoavuudessani (inessive singular)
biohajoavuuksissani (inessive plural)
biohajoavuudestani (elative singular)
biohajoavuuksistani (elative plural)
biohajoavuuteeni (illative singular)
biohajoavuuksiini (illative plural)
biohajoavuudellani (adessive singular)
biohajoavuuksillani (adessive plural)
biohajoavuudeltani (ablative singular)
biohajoavuuksiltani (ablative plural)
biohajoavuudelleni (allative singular)
biohajoavuuksilleni (allative plural)
biohajoavuutenani (essive singular)
biohajoavuuksinani (essive plural)
biohajoavuudekseni (singular translative)
biohajoavuuksikseni (plural translative)
biohajoavuudettani (abessive singular)
biohajoavuuksittani (abessive plural)
biohajoavuuksineni (comitative plural)
biohajoavuutesi (nominative singular)
biohajoavuutesi (nominative plural)
biohajoavuutesi (accusative nominative singular)
biohajoavuutesi (accusative nominative plural)
biohajoavuutesi (accusative genitive singular)
biohajoavuutesi (accusative genitive plural)
biohajoavuutesi (genitive singular)
biohajoavuuksiesi (genitive plural)
biohajoavuuttasi (partitive singular)
biohajoavuuksiasi (partitive plural)
biohajoavuudessasi (inessive singular)
biohajoavuuksissasi (inessive plural)
biohajoavuudestasi (elative singular)
biohajoavuuksistasi (elative plural)
biohajoavuuteesi (illative singular)
biohajoavuuksiisi (illative plural)
biohajoavuudellasi (adessive singular)
biohajoavuuksillasi (adessive plural)
biohajoavuudeltasi (ablative singular)
biohajoavuuksiltasi (ablative plural)
biohajoavuudellesi (allative singular)
biohajoavuuksillesi (allative plural)
biohajoavuutenasi (essive singular)
biohajoavuuksinasi (essive plural)
biohajoavuudeksesi (singular translative)
biohajoavuuksiksesi (plural translative)
biohajoavuudettasi (abessive singular)
biohajoavuuksittasi (abessive plural)
biohajoavuuksinesi (comitative plural)
biohajoavuutemme (nominative singular)
biohajoavuutemme (nominative plural)
biohajoavuutemme (accusative nominative singular)
biohajoavuutemme (accusative nominative plural)
biohajoavuutemme (accusative genitive singular)
biohajoavuutemme (accusative genitive plural)
biohajoavuutemme (genitive singular)
biohajoavuuksiemme (genitive plural)
biohajoavuuttamme (partitive singular)
biohajoavuuksiamme (partitive plural)
biohajoavuudessamme (inessive singular)
biohajoavuuksissamme (inessive plural)
biohajoavuudestamme (elative singular)
biohajoavuuksistamme (elative plural)
biohajoavuuteemme (illative singular)
biohajoavuuksiimme (illative plural)
biohajoavuudellamme (adessive singular)
biohajoavuuksillamme (adessive plural)
biohajoavuudeltamme (ablative singular)
biohajoavuuksiltamme (ablative plural)
biohajoavuudellemme (allative singular)
biohajoavuuksillemme (allative plural)
biohajoavuutenamme (essive singular)
biohajoavuuksinamme (essive plural)
biohajoavuudeksemme (singular translative)
biohajoavuuksiksemme (plural translative)
biohajoavuudettamme (abessive singular)
biohajoavuuksittamme (abessive plural)
biohajoavuuksinemme (comitative plural)
biohajoavuutenne (nominative singular)
biohajoavuutenne (nominative plural)
biohajoavuutenne (accusative nominative singular)
biohajoavuutenne (accusative nominative plural)
biohajoavuutenne (accusative genitive singular)
biohajoavuutenne (accusative genitive plural)
biohajoavuutenne (genitive singular)
biohajoavuuksienne (genitive plural)
biohajoavuuttanne (partitive singular)
biohajoavuuksianne (partitive plural)
biohajoavuudessanne (inessive singular)
biohajoavuuksissanne (inessive plural)
biohajoavuudestanne (elative singular)
biohajoavuuksistanne (elative plural)
biohajoavuuteenne (illative singular)
biohajoavuuksiinne (illative plural)
biohajoavuudellanne (adessive singular)
biohajoavuuksillanne (adessive plural)
biohajoavuudeltanne (ablative singular)
biohajoavuuksiltanne (ablative plural)
biohajoavuudellenne (allative singular)
biohajoavuuksillenne (allative plural)
biohajoavuutenanne (essive singular)
biohajoavuuksinanne (essive plural)
biohajoavuudeksenne (singular translative)
biohajoavuuksiksenne (plural translative)
biohajoavuudettanne (abessive singular)
biohajoavuuksittanne (abessive plural)
biohajoavuuksinenne (comitative plural)
biohajoavuutensa (nominative singular)
biohajoavuutensa (nominative plural)
biohajoavuutensa (accusative nominative singular)
biohajoavuutensa (accusative nominative plural)
biohajoavuutensa (accusative genitive singular)
biohajoavuutensa (accusative genitive plural)
biohajoavuutensa (genitive singular)
biohajoavuuksiensa (genitive plural)
biohajoavuuttaan (partitive singular)
biohajoavuuttansa (partitive singular)
biohajoavuuksiaan (partitive plural)
biohajoavuuksiansa (partitive plural)
biohajoavuudessaan (inessive singular)
biohajoavuudessansa (inessive singular)
biohajoavuuksissaan (inessive plural)
biohajoavuuksissansa (inessive plural)
biohajoavuudestaan (elative singular)
biohajoavuudestansa (elative singular)
biohajoavuuksistaan (elative plural)
biohajoavuuksistansa (elative plural)
biohajoavuuteensa (illative singular)
biohajoavuuksiinsa (illative plural)
biohajoavuudellaan (adessive singular)
biohajoavuudellansa (adessive singular)
biohajoavuuksillaan (adessive plural)
biohajoavuuksillansa (adessive plural)
biohajoavuudeltaan (ablative singular)
biohajoavuudeltansa (ablative singular)
biohajoavuuksiltaan (ablative plural)
biohajoavuuksiltansa (ablative plural)
biohajoavuudelleen (allative singular)
biohajoavuudellensa (allative singular)
biohajoavuuksilleen (allative plural)
biohajoavuuksillensa (allative plural)
biohajoavuutenaan (essive singular)
biohajoavuutenansa (essive singular)
biohajoavuuksinaan (essive plural)
biohajoavuuksinansa (essive plural)
biohajoavuudekseen (singular translative)
biohajoavuudeksensa (singular translative)
biohajoavuuksikseen (plural translative)
biohajoavuuksiksensa (plural translative)
biohajoavuudettaan (abessive singular)
biohajoavuudettansa (abessive singular)
biohajoavuuksittaan (abessive plural)
biohajoavuuksittansa (abessive plural)
biohajoavuuksineen (comitative plural)
biohajoavuuksinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈbio̞ˌhɑ̝jo̞ˌɑ̝ʋuːs̠]


xenoecologico

it-adj

xenoecologico (feminine xenoecologica, masculine plural xenoecologici, feminine plural xenoecologiche)

xenoecologica (feminine)
xenoecologici (masculine plural)
xenoecologiche (feminine plural)


xerotermico

xerotermico (feminine xerotermica, masculine plural xerotermici, feminine plural xerotermiche)

xerotermica (feminine)
xerotermici (masculine plural)
xerotermiche (feminine plural)


hydroclimate

(ecology) The climate of an aquatic habitat


食肉動物

ㄕˊ ㄖㄡˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄨˋ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/sɪk̚² jʊk̚² tʊŋ²² mɐt̚²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/sɪk̚² jʊk̚² tʊŋ²² mɐt̚²/


deep ecology

Shallow ecology is anthropocentric, or human-centered. It views humans as above our outside of nature, as the source of all value, and ascribes only instrumental, or “use,” value to nature. Deep ecology does not separate humans—or anything else—from the natural environment.

1996, Fritjof Capra, The Web of Life: A New Scientific Understanding of Living Systems, Doubleday, →ISBN, page 7:

In the early 1970s, after three decades teaching philosophy at the University of Oslo, Mr. Naess (pronounced Ness), an enthusiastic mountain climber and an admirer of Rachel Carson’s “Silent Spring,” threw himself into environmental work and developed a theory that he called deep ecology.

[2009 January 15, William Grimes, “Arne Naess, Norwegian Philosopher, Dies at 96”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

In the 1980s, some eco-philosophers interpreted the influential German philosopher Martin Heidegger as a forerunner of the deep ecology movement, because he condemned techno-industrial modernity's assault on nature and called instead on humans to “let things be” (Zimmermann 1983; Foltz 1995).

2016, Joni Adamson, William A. Gleason, David Pellow, editors, Keywords for Environmental Studies, NYU Press, →ISBN, page 65:

An ecological and environmental philosophy that advocates the inherent worth of living beings regardless of their instrumental utility to human needs.


cilfach

cilfachau (plural)
cilfach
gilfach (soft)
nghilfach
chilfach


氣候轉變

ㄑㄧˋ ㄏㄡˋ ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄅㄧㄢˋ

цихоу чжуаньбянь

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/


氣候變遷

ㄑㄧˋ ㄏㄡˋ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄑㄧㄢ

цихоу бяньцянь

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


氣候改變

ㄑㄧˋ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄞˇ ㄅㄧㄢˋ

цихоу гайбянь

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹ kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹ kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/


alelopatia

(botany, ecology) allelopathy (release by a plant of a toxin to suppress growth of nearby competing plants)


alelopático

pt-adj

alelopático (feminine alelopática, masculine plural alelopáticos, feminine plural alelopáticas)

alelopática (feminine)
alelopáticos (masculine plural)
alelopáticas (feminine plural)

(botany, ecology) allelopathic (relating to allelopathy)


alelopaticamente

(botany, ecology, rare) allelopathically (by allelopathy)


aleloquímico

aleloquímico (feminine aleloquímica, masculine plural aleloquímicos, feminine plural aleloquímicas)

aleloquímica (feminine)
aleloquímicos (masculine plural)
aleloquímicas (feminine plural)

(biochemistry, ecology) allelochemical (having allelopathic effects)


alopatria

(ecology) allopatry (geographical isolation)


alopátrico

alopátrico (feminine alopátrica, masculine plural alopátricos, feminine plural alopátricas)

alopátrica (feminine)
alopátricos (masculine plural)
alopátricas (feminine plural)

(ecology) allopatric (geographically isolated)


alopatricamente

(ecology) allopatrically (in an allopatric manner)


rewilder

In this way, the reintroduction of the black rat, as well as being justice for the rats and excellent for biodiversity, would, according to the thinking rewilder, symbolise a mystical reconnection with what is most verminous in ourselves.

2009 January 4, Catherine Bennett, “Catherine Bennett: After beavers and wolves, why not bring back the black rat?”, in The Observer:

His services are increasingly in demand from a new generation of rewilders, including wealthy landowners wanting to bring back beavers, as well as harvest mice, wildcats and white storks.

2020 October 13, Patrick Barkham, “How maverick rewilders are trying to turn back the tide of extinction”, in The Guardian, retrieved 2020-11-09:

(ecology) A person who advocates the reintroduction of animals into the wild as a means of conservation.


amazonista

pt-noun

amazonista m or f by sense (plural amazonistas)

(anthropology, ecology) Amazonianist (one who studies the Amazonian region and cultures)


amensalismo

(ecology) amensalism (form of symbiosis in which one species is harmed or impeded and the other is unaffected)


אקולוגיה

he-noun

אֶקוֹלוֹגְיָה

אֶקוֹלוֹגְיָה • (ekológya) f

אֶקוֹלוֹגְיָה (canonical)
ekológya (romanization)


efeito Allee

(ecology) Allee effect (negative population growth observed at low population densities)


macrohabitat

3) Stages of radiation: All else being equal, the following sequence of the diversification events is expected: (i) divergence with respect to macrohabitat; (ii) evolution of microhabitat choice and divergence with respect to microhabitat; (iii) divergence with respect to traits that simultaneously control the degree of local adaptation and nonrandom mating; and (iv) divergence with respect to other traits controlling survival and reproduction.

2009 February 6, Sergey Gavrilets, Jonathan B. Losos, “Adaptive Radiation: Contrasting Theory with Data”, in Science, volume 323, number 5915, →DOI, pages 732–737:

(ecology) A relatively large habitat, that contains multiple environments and multiple types of organism


microbiotope

A shorter unarmed rostrum along with reduced spines reduces impact of strong turbulent water fluxes, which are common in the microbiotopes where the shrimps thrive [51 ].

2015 July 11, “Phylogeny and New Classification of Hydrothermal Vent and Seep Shrimps of the Family Alvinocarididae (Decapoda)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


brownify

en-verb

brownify (third-person singular simple present brownifies, present participle brownifying, simple past and past participle brownified)

brownifies (present singular third-person)
brownifying (participle present)
brownified (participle past)
brownified (past)

(in particular, ecology, of a lake or stream) To become brown due to increased levels of humic material.


encruster

Some rock encrusters can occupy large areas and impart new morphological, biological, and geological characteristics upon the environment they settled. Probably the most widespread encrusters along karst coastlines are coralline red algae […]

2013, Michael J. Lace, John E. Mylroie, Coastal Karst Landforms, page 42:

(ecology) Any organism that encrusts part of its environment.


defaunated

Yet, initially defaunated empty tests and live barnacles developed markedly different macrobenthic assemblages, suggesting a strong indirect effect of the predation.

2015 July 18, “Bored to Death: Community-Wide Effect of Predation on a Foundation Species in a Low-Disturbance Arctic Subtidal System”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) From which animals have been removed.


ecoinformatics

Although there are difficult challenges associated with building these integrated datasets, these same challenges provide substantial opportunities, especially for early-career ecologists, for interdisciplinary training in ecoinformatics and database management, and classical ecology; thus pushing the ecological boundary to answer important macrosystems ecology questions.

2015 July 1, Patricia A. Soranno et al., “Building a multi-scaled geospatial temporal ecology database from disparate data sources: fostering open science and data reuse”, in GigaScience, volume 4, →DOI:

(ecology, computing) The use of computing and information science in ecology


arenal

arenal (nominative singular)
arenale (nominative plural)
arenalu (genitive singular)
arenalów (genitive plural)
arenali (genitive plural)
arenalowi (dative singular)
arenalom (dative plural)
arenal (accusative singular)
arenale (accusative plural)
arenalem (instrumental singular)
arenalami (instrumental plural)
arenalu (locative singular)
arenalach (locative plural)
arenalu (singular vocative)
arenale (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Latin arēna. Doublet of arena.

(ecology) damp coastal sand home to basic forms of life


afidófago

pt-adj

afidófago (feminine afidófaga, masculine plural afidófagos, feminine plural afidófagas)

afidófaga (feminine)
afidófagos (masculine plural)
afidófagas (feminine plural)

(ecology) aphidophagous (feeding on aphids)


anidrobiose

[ɐˌni.ðɾɔ.βiˈɔ.zɨ]

[ɐˌni.ðɾɔˈβjɔ.zɨ]

(ecology) anhydrobiosis (form of cryptobiosis)


antipredador

[ˌɐ̃.ti.pɾɨ.ðɐˈðoɾ]

[ˌɐ̃.ti.pɾɨ.ðɐˈðoɾ]

(ecology) anti-predator (that provides a defence against predators)


antipredatório

antipredatório (feminine antipredatória, masculine plural antipredatórios, feminine plural antipredatórias)

antipredatória (feminine)
antipredatórios (masculine plural)
antipredatórias (feminine plural)


antófago

antófago (feminine antófaga, masculine plural antófagos, feminine plural antófagas)

antófaga (feminine)
antófagos (masculine plural)
antófagas (feminine plural)

(ecology) anthophagous (that feeds on flowers)


antropocórico

antropocórico (feminine antropocórica, masculine plural antropocóricos, feminine plural antropocóricas)

antropocórica (feminine)
antropocóricos (masculine plural)
antropocóricas (feminine plural)

(ecology) anthropochorous (relying on humans for dispersal)


antófilo

antófilo (feminine antófila, masculine plural antófilos, feminine plural antófilas)

antófila (feminine)
antófilos (masculine plural)
antófilas (feminine plural)

(ecology) anthophilous (living or growing on flowers)


antropófita

(ecology) anthropophyte (plant introduced into a new habitat by humans)


frugívoro

frugívoro (feminine frugívora, masculine plural frugívoros, feminine plural frugívoras)

frugívora (feminine)
frugívoros (masculine plural)
frugívoras (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin frugivorus (“fruit-eater”). By surface analysis, frugi- + -voro.

lbor

(ecology) frugivorous (having a diet that consists mostly of fruit)


frugívoro

(ecology) frugivore (animal that eats mostly fruit)


superpredador

pt-noun

superpredador m (plural superpredadores)

(ecology) apex predator (an animal atop the food chain)


predatório

pt-adj

predatório (feminine predatória, masculine plural predatórios, feminine plural predatórias)

predatória (feminine)
predatórios (masculine plural)
predatórias (feminine plural)

(ecology) predatory (relating to predators)


paraclimax

(ecology) A relatively stable community of foreign plants established after the destruction, by humans, of a native habitat.


defaunation

en-noun

defaunation (countable and uncountable, plural defaunations)

Coordinate term: deforestation

For this reason, the symbolic dimensions of defaunation can be of direct relevance to any initiative aiming for sustainable wildlife management and biodiversity conservation in areas inhabited by hunter-gatherers (Franzen 2005; Lu 2001).

2016, Victoria Reyes-García, Aili Pyhälä, Hunter-gatherers in a Changing World, Springer, →ISBN, page 79:

(ecology) The loss of animals from a habitat


drivhusgass

drivhusgassen (definite singular)
drivhusgasser (indefinite plural)
drivhusgassene (definite plural)


drivhusgass

drivhusgassen (definite singular)
drivhusgassar (indefinite plural)
drivhusgassane (definite plural)


anthropobiome

The filled boxes signify representation of the particular anthropobiome in each ecoregion.

2015 August 1, “Modelling Hotspots for Invasive Alien Plants in India”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) An anthropogenic biome (human-generated vegetation type)


litterbag

(ecology) A bag for the collection of litterfall.


arenícola

(ecology) arenicolous (living or burrowing in sand)


palamuhayan

tl-noun

palamuhayan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜋᜓᜑᜌᜈ᜔)


parasitar

pt-verb

parasitar (first-person singular present parasito, first-person singular preterite parasitei, past participle parasitado)

parasito (first-person present singular)
parasitei (first-person preterite singular)
parasitado (participle past)
parasitar (impersonal infinitive)
parasitar (first-person infinitive singular)
parasitares (infinitive second-person singular)
parasitar (infinitive singular third-person)
parasitarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
parasitardes (infinitive plural second-person)
parasitarem (infinitive plural third-person)
parasitando (gerund)
parasitado (masculine participle past singular)
parasitados (masculine participle past plural)
parasitada (feminine participle past singular)
parasitadas (feminine participle past plural)
parasito (first-person indicative present singular)
parasitas (indicative present second-person singular)
parasita (indicative present singular third-person)
parasitamos (first-person indicative plural present)
parasitais (indicative plural present second-person)
parasitam (indicative plural present third-person)
parasitava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
parasitavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
parasitava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
parasitávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
parasitáveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
parasitavam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
parasitei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
parasitaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
parasitou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
parasitamos (Brazil first-person indicative plural preterite)
parasitámos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
parasitastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
parasitaram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
parasitara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
parasitaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
parasitara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
parasitáramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
parasitáreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
parasitaram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
parasitarei (first-person future indicative singular)
parasitarás (future indicative second-person singular)
parasitará (future indicative singular third-person)
parasitaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
parasitareis (future indicative plural second-person)
parasitarão (future indicative plural third-person)
parasitaria (conditional first-person singular)
parasitarias (conditional second-person singular)
parasitaria (conditional singular third-person)
parasitaríamos (conditional first-person plural)
parasitaríeis (conditional plural second-person)
parasitariam (conditional plural third-person)
parasite (first-person present singular subjunctive)
parasites (present second-person singular subjunctive)
parasite (present singular subjunctive third-person)
parasitemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
parasiteis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
parasitem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
parasitasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
parasitasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
parasitasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
parasitássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
parasitásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
parasitassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
parasitar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
parasitares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
parasitar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
parasitarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
parasitardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
parasitarem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
parasita (imperative second-person singular)
parasite (imperative singular third-person)
parasitemos (first-person imperative plural)
parasitai (imperative plural second-person)
parasitem (imperative plural third-person)
não parasites (imperative negative second-person singular)
não parasite (imperative negative singular third-person)
não parasitemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não parasiteis (imperative negative plural second-person)
não parasitem (imperative negative plural third-person)

(ecology, transitive) to parasitize (live in a host organism)


mesothermal

The regional climate is humid mesothermal, with a hot summer and well distributed rainfall throughout the year (Cfa in Köppen-Geiser’s classification [32 ]).

2015 August 27, “Markedly Divergent Tree Assemblage Responses to Tropical Forest Loss and Fragmentation across a Strong Seasonality Gradient”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


extraguild

Actually, competition may cause a shift in niche partitioning of plant resources (i.e., flower vs. leaf), which consequently affects the extraguild prey consumption.

2015 September 26, “Plant Resources as a Factor Altering Emergent Multi-Predator Effects”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


tritrophic

/tɹʌɪˈtɹəʊ.fɪk/

/tɹʌɪˈtɹɒf.ɪk/

From tri- (“three”) + -trophic (“relating to feeding and nutrition”), from Ancient Greek τροφικός (trophikós, “nursing, tending”), from τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment, food”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”).

af

<i class="Latn mention" lang="en">-ic</i>

The spatial overlap between bean species and bruchine hosts, together with the great morphological similarity among the Horismenus species, has made the study of the ecology and population genetics of this tritrophic system difficult.

2015 September 10, “Uncovering Cryptic Parasitoid Diversity in Horismenus (Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) Describing a parasite that feeds on another parasite that feeds on a third parasite.


hypercolonization

Here, we show that inactivation of dsdA does not lead to hypercolonization.

2015 September 15, “dsdA Does Not Affect Colonization of the Murine Urinary Tract by Escherichia coli CFT073”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) excessive colonization (by an organism)


parasitismo

(ecology) parasitism (interaction in which one organism benefits at the expense of another without killing them)


Troca Colombiana

(historical, ecology) Columbian Exchange (the exchange between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia after the journeys of Christopher Columbus)


Intercâmbio Colombiano

(history, ecology) Columbian Exchange (the exchange between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia after the journeys of Christopher Columbus)


जलविभाजन

hi-noun

जलविभाजन • (jalvibhājan) m (Urdu spelling جلوبھاجن)

jalvibhājan (romanization)
جلوبھاجن (Urdu)
जलविभाजन (direct singular)
जलविभाजन (direct plural)
जलविभाजन (oblique singular)
जलविभाजनों (oblique plural)
जलविभाजन (singular vocative)
जलविभाजनो (plural vocative)

From जल (jal, “water”) + वि- (vi-) + भाजन (bhājan, “vessel, pot”).


riparian buffer

en-noun

riparian buffer (plural riparian buffers)

/ɹʌɪˈpɛːɹɪən ˈbʌfə(ɹ)/

(ecology) An area of vegetation around a body of water that gives benefits to the ecosystem in the body of water. It can provide shade, a food source, and a buffer against pollution from outside sources.


पारिस्थितिकी

hi-noun

पारिस्थितिकी • (pāristhitikī) f (Urdu spelling پارستھتکی)

pāristhitikī (romanization)
پارستھتکی (Urdu)
पारिस्थितिकी (direct singular)
पारिस्थितिकियाँ (direct plural)
पारिस्थितिकी (oblique singular)
पारिस्थितिकियों (oblique plural)
पारिस्थितिकी (singular vocative)
पारिस्थितिकियो (plural vocative)

परिचय " ८ पारिस्थितिकी है वया? इस प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पाले पारिस्थितिकी शब्द का अर्थ जान लेना आवश्यक है। पारिस्थितिकी का अग्रेजी समानार्थक शब्द 13००1०ह्र४ दो शब्दों, ...

year unknown, Ashok Kumar Sharma, Prarambhik Samaj Evam Rajneeti Darshan, Motilal Banarsidass Publishe →ISBN, page 155

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

paricay " 8 pāristhitikī hai vayā? is praśna kā uttar dene ke lie pāle pāristhitikī śabd kā arth jān lenā āvaśyak hai. pāristhitikī kā agrejī samānārthak śabd 130010hra4 do śabdõ, ...


वातावरण

वातावरण • (vātāvaraṇ) m (Urdu spelling واتاورن)

vātāvaraṇ (romanization)
واتاورن (Urdu)
वातावरण (direct singular)
वातावरण (direct plural)
वातावरण (oblique singular)
वातावरणों (oblique plural)
वातावरण (singular vocative)
वातावरणो (plural vocative)

hi-ndecl

//वाताव*रण<M>

/ʋɑː.t̪ɑː.ʋə.ɾəɳ/

[ʋäː.t̪äː.ʋɐ.ɾɐ̃ɳ]

From वात (vāt, “air”) + आवरण (āvaraṇ, “covering”), both of which are Sanskrit words.


भूजल

bhūjal (romanization)
بھوجل (Urdu)
भूजल (direct singular)
भूजल (direct plural)
भूजल (oblique singular)
भूजलों (oblique plural)
भूजल (singular vocative)
भूजलो (plural vocative)


便乗

ja-noun

便(びん)乗(じょう) • (binjō) ^(←びんじよう (binzyou)?)

便乗 (canonical)
binjō (romanization)
binzyou (romanization)
びんじよう (hiragana historical)

[bʲĩɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ː]


mesocratic

Turner and West ( 1968 ) suggest that the phases of an interglacial period (cryocratic, protocratic, mesocratic, telocratic ) be considered as cenozones.

1975, Valentin Abramovich Krasilov, Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants, page 229:

Hence, regional soil degenerations and podsolization was probably an important factor contributing to the retrogressive change in the forest composition at the end of the mesocratic phase..

1987, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, page 10:

The fully developed mesocratic woodland had a somewhat different character..

2012, M. Ingrouille, Historical Ecology of the British Flora, page 76:

(ecology) The second stage of interglacial forest development (Early-Temperate), characterized by a transitional mix of light-demanding and shade-tolerant species.


富源

/fu⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/fu⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/


depensation

To do so, the Allee effect intensity (i.e., the number of spawners that effectively participate in reproduction) is modelled as a function of the river basin watershed area wa j through the parameters η and θ (Table 1 ) with depensation intensity positively correlated to parameter η and negatively correlated to parameter θ.

2015 October 2, “The Combined Use of Correlative and Mechanistic Species Distribution Models Benefits Low Conservation Status Species”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) A decrease in the breeding population and thus of offspring


еколог

uk-noun

еко́лог • (ekóloh) m pers (genitive еко́лога, nominative plural еко́логи, genitive plural еко́логів)

еко́лог (canonical)
ekóloh (romanization)
еко́лога (genitive)
еко́логи (nominative plural)
еко́логів (genitive plural)
еко́лог (nominative singular)
еко́логи (nominative plural)
еко́лога (genitive singular)
еко́логів (genitive plural)
еко́логові (dative singular)
еко́логу (dative singular)
еко́логам (dative plural)
еко́лога (accusative singular)
еко́логів (accusative plural)
еко́логом (instrumental singular)
еко́логами (instrumental plural)
еко́логові (locative singular)
еко́логу (locative singular)
еко́логах (locative plural)
еко́логу (singular vocative)
еко́логи (plural vocative)


branqueamento de corais

(ecology) coral bleaching (loss of colour in a coral reef)


densidade demográfica

pt-noun

densidade demográfica f (plural densidades demográficas)

(geography, ecology) population density (ratio of number of individuals per unit of area)


endobenthos

(ecology) benthic organisms that live buried or burrowing in the sediment, often in the oxygenated top layer


सहजीवन

hi-noun

सहजीवन • (sahjīvan) m (Urdu spelling سہجیون)

sahjīvan (romanization)
سہجیون (Urdu)
सहजीवन (direct singular)
सहजीवन (direct plural)
सहजीवन (oblique singular)
सहजीवनों (oblique plural)
सहजीवन (singular vocative)
सहजीवनो (plural vocative)

[sɛʱ.d͡ʒiː.ʋɐ̃n]

Sanskritic formation from सह (sah) + जीवन (jīvan).


agroécosystème

fr-noun

agroécosystème m (plural agroécosystèmes)


lotico

it-adj

lotico (feminine lotica, masculine plural lotici, feminine plural lotiche)

lotica (feminine)
lotici (masculine plural)
lotiche (feminine plural)


microécosystème

fr-noun

microécosystème m (plural microécosystèmes)


mésoécosystème

mésoécosystème m (plural mésoécosystèmes)


fitoclimático

es-adj

fitoclimático (feminine fitoclimática, masculine plural fitoclimáticos, feminine plural fitoclimáticas)

fitoclimática (feminine)
fitoclimáticos (masculine plural)
fitoclimáticas (feminine plural)


phytoclimatic

(ecology) Of or relating to the relationship between climate and the distribution of plants.


comharbas príomhúil

head

comharbas príomhúil m (genitive singular comharbais príomhúil)

comharbais príomhúil (genitive singular)
comharbas príomhúil
chomharbas príomhúil
gcomharbas príomhúil


big five

(ecology) The five major extinction events since the beginning of life on Earth.


phylodiversity

en-noun

phylodiversity (countable and uncountable, plural phylodiversities)

From this rarefied dataset, alpha diversity was estimated in two ways using QIIME v1.8: observed species and phylodiversity.

2015 October 21, “Flea-Associated Bacterial Communities across an Environmental Transect in a Plague-Endemic Region of Uganda”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) The diversity of phyla in a habitat etc


ecosystem engineer

ecosystem engineer (plural ecosystem engineers)

(ecology) Any organism that creates, significantly modifies, maintains or destroys a habitat.

biobouwer

organism that significantly impacts its habitat


營養鏈

ㄧㄥˊ ㄧㄤˇ ㄌㄧㄢˋ

/iŋ³⁵ jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jɪŋ²¹ jœːŋ¹³ liːn²²⁻³⁵/

/iŋ³⁵ jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jɪŋ²¹ jœːŋ¹³ liːn²²⁻³⁵/


thermoecology

(ecology) The branch of ecology that focuses on the effects of the temperature change.


pailé-éiceolaíocht

head

pailé-éiceolaíocht f (genitive singular pailé-éiceolaíochta)

pailé-éiceolaíochta (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
pailé-éiceolaíocht (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a phailé-éiceolaíocht (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
pailé-éiceolaíochta (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an phailé-éiceolaíocht (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na pailé-éiceolaíochta (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an bpailé-éiceolaíocht (definite singular)
don phailé-éiceolaíocht (definite singular)
pailé-éiceolaíocht
phailé-éiceolaíocht
bpailé-éiceolaíocht

From pailé- (“palaeo-”) + éiceolaíocht (“ecology”).


perilithon

In addition, it has been shown that perilithon abundance is negatively correlated with substrate clogging in the Durance particularly in the middle part of the river which is characterized by highly regulated flows (see Fig 5).

2015 November 12, “When Anthropogenic River Disturbance Decreases Hybridisation between Non-Native and Endemic Cyprinids and Drives an Ecomorphological Displacement towards Juvenile State in Both Species”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) A form of periphyton found on submerged rocks


ecospace

(ecology, neologism) The ecological space that an organism occupies as part of its habitat.


euryoecious

From Ancient Greek εὐρύς (eurús, “wide”) + Ancient Greek οἰκέω (oikéō, “to dwell”). By surface analysis, eury- + -oecious.

[…] be stenoecious for that factor, while those with a large amplitude are designated euryoecious. […] Euryoecious species, by contrast, do not reflect the character of their habitat in regard to the variable for which they have a broad range.

1971, Martin Alexander, Microbial Ecology, page 135:

Both clades appear to harbor widespread euryoecious species.

2015 November 19, “Global Habitat Suitability and Ecological Niche Separation in the Phylum Placozoa”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) Able to live in variable habitats or conditions.


ostoja

ostoja (nominative singular)
ostoje (nominative plural)
ostoi (genitive singular)
ostoi (genitive plural)
ostoi (dative singular)
ostojom (dative plural)
ostoję (accusative singular)
ostoje (accusative plural)
ostoją (instrumental singular)
ostojami (instrumental plural)
ostoi (locative singular)
ostojach (locative plural)
ostojo (singular vocative)
ostoje (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ostoja. By surface analysis, deverbal from ostać (się).


着生

ja-noun

着(ちゃく)生(せい) • (chakusei) ^(←ちやくせい (tyakusei)?)

着生 (canonical)
chakusei (romanization)
tyakusei (romanization)
ちやくせい (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕa̠kɯ̟̊se̞ː]


相利共生

相(そう)利(り)共(きょう)生(せい) • (sōri kyōsei) ^(←さうりきようせい (saurikyousei)?)

相利共生 (canonical)
sōri kyōsei (romanization)
saurikyousei (romanization)
さうりきようせい (hiragana historical)

[so̞ːɾʲi kʲo̞ːse̞ː]

相 (sō, “mutual”) + 利 (ri, “benefit”) + 共生 (kyōsei, “symbiosis”)


片利共生

ja-noun

片(へん)利(り)共(きょう)生(せい) • (henri kyōsei) ^(←へんりきようせい (fenrikyousei)?)

片利共生 (canonical)
henri kyōsei (romanization)
fenrikyousei (romanization)
へんりきようせい (hiragana historical)

[hẽ̞n̺ɾʲi kʲo̞ːse̞ː]

片 (hen, “one-sided”) + 利 (ri, “benefit”) + 共生 (kyōsei, “symbiosis”)


共生

ja-noun

共(きょう)生(せい) • (kyōsei) ^(←きようせい (kyousei)?)

共生 (canonical)
kyōsei (romanization)
kyousei (romanization)
きようせい (hiragana historical)


생태계

[sʰɛŋtʰɛɡje̞]

[sʰɛŋtʰɛɡe̞]

[sʰe̞ŋtʰe̞ɡe̞]

an ecosystem (system of an ecological community and its environment)


hygrocolous

The hygrocolous communities around the lake are dominated by Deyeuxia angustifolia, Deyeuxia langsdorffii, Carex appendiculata and Carex rhynchophysa.

2016 January 6, “Vegetation and Climate Change during the Last Deglaciation in the Great Khingan Mountain, Northeastern China”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


primærproduksjon

head

primærproduksjon m (definite singular primærproduksjonen)


溫室效應

ㄨㄣ ㄕˋ ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄧㄥˋ

ㄨㄣ ㄕˇ ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄧㄥˋ

вэньши сяоин

/wən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/wɐn⁵⁵ sɐt̚⁵ haːu̯²² jɪŋ³³/

/wən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/wɐn⁵⁵ sɐt̚⁵ haːu̯²² jɪŋ³³/


biosfære

biosfæren (definite singular)
biosfærer (indefinite plural)
biosfærene (definite plural)


biosfære

biosfæren (definite singular)
biosfærar (indefinite plural)
biosfærane (definite plural)


土地退化

ㄊㄨˇ ㄉㄧˋ ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/


sjøliv

sjølivet (definite singular)
sjøliv (indefinite plural)
sjøliva (definite plural)
sjølivene (definite plural)


sjøliv

sjølivet (definite singular)
sjøliv (indefinite plural)
sjøliva (definite plural)


araneocenosis

This species is among the one of the flagship species for conservation activities and nature protection efforts aimed on araneocenosis in the condition of the Central Europe.

2016 February 5, “Impact of Canopy Openness on Spider Communities: Implications for Conservation Management of Formerly Coppiced Oak Forests”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) All the spiders that live in a particular habitat


euryvalent

In our study locations, habitat structures in the changeover from open stands to dense stands included spider species expanding from both extremes but likely maintaining a suitable environment only for common and euryvalent species, while the presence of conservationally important species rose by a significant 65% with higher canopy openness.

(ecology, of an organism) That adapts well to changing environmental conditions


żywiciel

żywiciel (nominative singular)
żywiciele (nominative plural)
żywiciela (genitive singular)
żywicieli (genitive plural)
żywicielowi (dative singular)
żywicielom (dative plural)
żywiciela (accusative singular)
żywiciele (accusative plural)
żywicielem (instrumental singular)
żywicielami (instrumental plural)
żywicielu (locative singular)
żywicielach (locative plural)
żywicielu (singular vocative)
żywiciele (plural vocative)

(ecology) host (an animal which harbors a parasitic organism)


żywiciel

żywiciel (nominative singular)
żywiciele (nominative plural)
żywiciela (genitive singular)
żywicieli (genitive plural)
żywicielowi (dative singular)
żywicielom (dative plural)
żywiciel (accusative singular)
żywiciele (accusative plural)
żywicielem (instrumental singular)
żywicielami (instrumental plural)
żywicielu (locative singular)
żywicielach (locative plural)
żywicielu (singular vocative)
żywiciele (plural vocative)

(ecology) host (a plant which harbors a parasitic organism)


水華

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä³⁵/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä³⁵/


infrapopulation

If these data are assumed to represent random samples of flukes from the three host species, the Lorenz curves indicate that approximately 10% of flukes in any infrapopulation contribute about 30–35% of all eggs shed by a particular host.

2015 June 10, MELISSA A. BECK, CAMERON P. GOATER, DOUGLAS D. COLWELL, “Comparative recruitment, morphology and reproduction of a generalist trematode, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, in three species of host”, in Parasitology, volume 142, →DOI:


holobiont

The variables we considered include solar irradiance and turbidity, which are relevant to the symbiont photosynthesis and yearly minimum temperature, representing potential limiting factors for the holobiont.

2015 August 13, Christiane Schmidt et al., “Recent Invasion of the Symbiont-Bearing Foraminifera Pararotalia into the Eastern Mediterranean Facilitated by the Ongoing Warming Trend”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

Some say we should be seen as a holobiont, a term that reflects the intimate, co-dependent relationship humans have with microbes.

2018, Nicola Davis, The Guardian, 256 March:

Holobionts are the lichens of this world, the more-than-the-sums of parts.

2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 103:

(ecology) A host organism plus its associated microorganisms


eumetric

We examined the potential increases in yields if the sizes at first capture ( L c ) were set optimally for the estimated fishing mortality rates (i.e., eumetric fishing).

2015 August 12, Marc O. Nadon et al., “Length-Based Assessment of Coral Reef Fish Populations in the Main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(ecology) That produces a stable population size


赤潮

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪk̚³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪk̚³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/


sink function

(ecology) An environment’s ability to absorb and render pollution harmless.


subcosmopolitan

Rosaceae is the 19th largest family and there are about hundred genera which are distributed from cosmopolitan to subcosmopolitan and diversified to northern hemisphere [ 2 ].

2015 August 19, Hafiz Majid Rasheed et al., “Chemical Composition and Vasorelaxant and Antispasmodic Effects of Essential Oil from Rosa indica L. Petals”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biology, ecology, of a taxon) Not completely cosmopolitan


PHO

potentially hazardous object
potentially hazardous object#English

(astronomy, ecology, geology) Abbreviation of potentially hazardous object.


공해

선생님은 우리에게 공해에 관한 숙제를 내주셨다. ― Seonsaengnimeun uriege gonghaee gwanhan sukjereul naejusyeotda. ― The teacher gave us an assignment on pollution.


piezosphere

(ecology) The deep-sea environment inhabited by piezophiles


synurbization

(ecology) The adaptation of an organism to live predominantly in an urban ecosystem


ściółka

pl-noun

ściółka f (augmentative ścioła, related adjective ściółkowy)

ścioła (augmentative)
ściółkowy (adjective)
ściółka (nominative singular)
ściółki (nominative plural)
ściółki (genitive singular)
ściółek (genitive plural)
ściółce (dative singular)
ściółkom (dative plural)
ściółkę (accusative singular)
ściółki (accusative plural)
ściółką (instrumental singular)
ściółkami (instrumental plural)
ściółce (locative singular)
ściółkach (locative plural)
ściółko (singular vocative)
ściółki (plural vocative)


r/K selection theory

(ecology) A theory regarding the selection of combinations of traits in an organism that represent a trade-off between quantity and quality of offspring.


ecolog

ro-noun

ecolog m (plural ecologi, feminine equivalent ecologă)

ecologi (plural)
equivalent ecologă (feminine)
ecolog (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
ecologul (accusative definite nominative singular)
ecologi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
ecologii (accusative definite nominative plural)
ecolog (indefinite singular)
ecologului (definite singular)
ecologi (indefinite plural)
ecologilor (definite plural)
ecologule (singular vocative)
ecologilor (plural vocative)


limnolog

limnolog m (plural limnologi, feminine equivalent limnologă)

limnologi (plural)
equivalent limnologă (feminine)
limnolog (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
limnologul (accusative definite nominative singular)
limnologi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
limnologii (accusative definite nominative plural)
limnolog (indefinite singular)
limnologului (definite singular)
limnologi (indefinite plural)
limnologilor (definite plural)
limnologule (singular vocative)
limnologilor (plural vocative)


versnippering

nl-noun

versnippering f (plural versnipperingen)

From versnipperen (“to shred, fragment”) + -ing.


nektobenthos

The organisms that swim at the bottom of a lake or sea; the nektonic benthos.