mutualismi

mutualismi (nominative singular)
mutualismit (nominative plural)
mutualismi (accusative nominative singular)
mutualismit (accusative nominative plural)
mutualismin (accusative genitive singular)
mutualismit (accusative genitive plural)
mutualismin (genitive singular)
mutualismien (genitive plural)
mutualismia (partitive singular)
mutualismeja (partitive plural)
mutualismissa (inessive singular)
mutualismeissa (inessive plural)
mutualismista (elative singular)
mutualismeista (elative plural)
mutualismiin (illative singular)
mutualismeihin (illative plural)
mutualismilla (adessive singular)
mutualismeilla (adessive plural)
mutualismilta (ablative singular)
mutualismeilta (ablative plural)
mutualismille (allative singular)
mutualismeille (allative plural)
mutualismina (essive singular)
mutualismeina (essive plural)
mutualismiksi (singular translative)
mutualismeiksi (plural translative)
mutualismitta (abessive singular)
mutualismeitta (abessive plural)
mutualismein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
mutualismini (nominative singular)
mutualismini (nominative plural)
mutualismini (accusative nominative singular)
mutualismini (accusative nominative plural)
mutualismini (accusative genitive singular)
mutualismini (accusative genitive plural)
mutualismini (genitive singular)
mutualismieni (genitive plural)
mutualismiani (partitive singular)
mutualismejani (partitive plural)
mutualismissani (inessive singular)
mutualismeissani (inessive plural)
mutualismistani (elative singular)
mutualismeistani (elative plural)
mutualismiini (illative singular)
mutualismeihini (illative plural)
mutualismillani (adessive singular)
mutualismeillani (adessive plural)
mutualismiltani (ablative singular)
mutualismeiltani (ablative plural)
mutualismilleni (allative singular)
mutualismeilleni (allative plural)
mutualisminani (essive singular)
mutualismeinani (essive plural)
mutualismikseni (singular translative)
mutualismeikseni (plural translative)
mutualismittani (abessive singular)
mutualismeittani (abessive plural)
mutualismeineni (comitative plural)
mutualismisi (nominative singular)
mutualismisi (nominative plural)
mutualismisi (accusative nominative singular)
mutualismisi (accusative nominative plural)
mutualismisi (accusative genitive singular)
mutualismisi (accusative genitive plural)
mutualismisi (genitive singular)
mutualismiesi (genitive plural)
mutualismiasi (partitive singular)
mutualismejasi (partitive plural)
mutualismissasi (inessive singular)
mutualismeissasi (inessive plural)
mutualismistasi (elative singular)
mutualismeistasi (elative plural)
mutualismiisi (illative singular)
mutualismeihisi (illative plural)
mutualismillasi (adessive singular)
mutualismeillasi (adessive plural)
mutualismiltasi (ablative singular)
mutualismeiltasi (ablative plural)
mutualismillesi (allative singular)
mutualismeillesi (allative plural)
mutualisminasi (essive singular)
mutualismeinasi (essive plural)
mutualismiksesi (singular translative)
mutualismeiksesi (plural translative)
mutualismittasi (abessive singular)
mutualismeittasi (abessive plural)
mutualismeinesi (comitative plural)
mutualismimme (nominative singular)
mutualismimme (nominative plural)
mutualismimme (accusative nominative singular)
mutualismimme (accusative nominative plural)
mutualismimme (accusative genitive singular)
mutualismimme (accusative genitive plural)
mutualismimme (genitive singular)
mutualismiemme (genitive plural)
mutualismiamme (partitive singular)
mutualismejamme (partitive plural)
mutualismissamme (inessive singular)
mutualismeissamme (inessive plural)
mutualismistamme (elative singular)
mutualismeistamme (elative plural)
mutualismiimme (illative singular)
mutualismeihimme (illative plural)
mutualismillamme (adessive singular)
mutualismeillamme (adessive plural)
mutualismiltamme (ablative singular)
mutualismeiltamme (ablative plural)
mutualismillemme (allative singular)
mutualismeillemme (allative plural)
mutualisminamme (essive singular)
mutualismeinamme (essive plural)
mutualismiksemme (singular translative)
mutualismeiksemme (plural translative)
mutualismittamme (abessive singular)
mutualismeittamme (abessive plural)
mutualismeinemme (comitative plural)
mutualisminne (nominative singular)
mutualisminne (nominative plural)
mutualisminne (accusative nominative singular)
mutualisminne (accusative nominative plural)
mutualisminne (accusative genitive singular)
mutualisminne (accusative genitive plural)
mutualisminne (genitive singular)
mutualismienne (genitive plural)
mutualismianne (partitive singular)
mutualismejanne (partitive plural)
mutualismissanne (inessive singular)
mutualismeissanne (inessive plural)
mutualismistanne (elative singular)
mutualismeistanne (elative plural)
mutualismiinne (illative singular)
mutualismeihinne (illative plural)
mutualismillanne (adessive singular)
mutualismeillanne (adessive plural)
mutualismiltanne (ablative singular)
mutualismeiltanne (ablative plural)
mutualismillenne (allative singular)
mutualismeillenne (allative plural)
mutualisminanne (essive singular)
mutualismeinanne (essive plural)
mutualismiksenne (singular translative)
mutualismeiksenne (plural translative)
mutualismittanne (abessive singular)
mutualismeittanne (abessive plural)
mutualismeinenne (comitative plural)
mutualisminsa (nominative singular)
mutualisminsa (nominative plural)
mutualisminsa (accusative nominative singular)
mutualisminsa (accusative nominative plural)
mutualisminsa (accusative genitive singular)
mutualisminsa (accusative genitive plural)
mutualisminsa (genitive singular)
mutualismiensa (genitive plural)
mutualismiaan (partitive singular)
mutualismiansa (partitive singular)
mutualismejaan (partitive plural)
mutualismejansa (partitive plural)
mutualismissaan (inessive singular)
mutualismissansa (inessive singular)
mutualismeissaan (inessive plural)
mutualismeissansa (inessive plural)
mutualismistaan (elative singular)
mutualismistansa (elative singular)
mutualismeistaan (elative plural)
mutualismeistansa (elative plural)
mutualismiinsa (illative singular)
mutualismeihinsa (illative plural)
mutualismillaan (adessive singular)
mutualismillansa (adessive singular)
mutualismeillaan (adessive plural)
mutualismeillansa (adessive plural)
mutualismiltaan (ablative singular)
mutualismiltansa (ablative singular)
mutualismeiltaan (ablative plural)
mutualismeiltansa (ablative plural)
mutualismilleen (allative singular)
mutualismillensa (allative singular)
mutualismeilleen (allative plural)
mutualismeillensa (allative plural)
mutualisminaan (essive singular)
mutualisminansa (essive singular)
mutualismeinaan (essive plural)
mutualismeinansa (essive plural)
mutualismikseen (singular translative)
mutualismiksensa (singular translative)
mutualismeikseen (plural translative)
mutualismeiksensa (plural translative)
mutualismittaan (abessive singular)
mutualismittansa (abessive singular)
mutualismeittaan (abessive plural)
mutualismeittansa (abessive plural)
mutualismeineen (comitative plural)
mutualismeinensa (comitative plural)

Internationalism (see English mutualism). Contains the suffix -ismi.


ecosysteem

nl-noun

ecosysteem n (plural ecosystemen, diminutive ecosysteempje n)

ecosystemen (plural)
ecosysteempje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: ekosistem

Borrowed from English ecosystem. Equivalent to eco- (“ecology”) + systeem (“system”).

(ecology) an ecosystem, system of an ecological community of species and its environment


pleuston

From Ancient Greek πλεῦσις (pleûsis, “sailing”), from πλέω (pléō).

der

They^([Cnidarians]) are also the dominant organisms of the marine pleuston, providing food or substrate for a variety of other invertebrates living at the air-water interface[…].

1974, G. O. Mackie, “VIII: Location, Flotation and Dispersal”, in Leonard Muscatine, Howard M. Lenhoff, editors, Coelenterate Biology: Reviews and New Perspectives, Academic Press, page 313:

These animals form the pleuston. Zaitsev (1971) differentiates between the neuston and the pleuston, while admitting that the distinction may be somewhat blurred. Both populations are associated with the surface film. That part of a pleuston animal which projects above the water surface can withstand prolonged desiccation and exposure to direct sunlight.

1983, John E. G. Raymont, James Dennis Burton, Keith R. Dyer, Plankton and Productivity in the Oceans: Zooplankton, Pergamon Press, page 9:

(ecology) The organisms that live floating at the surface of water.


rákosí

rákosí (nominative singular)
rákosí (genitive singular)
rákosí (dative singular)
rákosí (accusative singular)
rákosí (singular vocative)
rákosí (locative singular)
rákosím (instrumental singular)


litterfall

en-noun

litterfall (usually uncountable, plural litterfalls)

Litterfall is provided for as long as the mature forest exists.

2008, Masami Miyaki, Koichi Kaji, “Shift to Litterfall as Year-Round Forage for Sika Deer after a Population Crash”, in Sika Deer, page 186:

(ecology, usually uncountable) Plant material that falls to the ground, such as leaves from trees.

The remaining forest types had similar mean litterfalls ranging from 3333 to 6484 kg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹

1986, K.A. Vogt et al., “Production, turnover, and nutrient dynamics of above- and belowground detritus of world forests”, in Advances in Ecological Research, volume 15, page 315:

(ecology, countable) The total mass of plant material falling to the ground per unit area, or the mass collected at a specific site.

Streufallmasse

mass of fallen plant material per unit area


bionanosystem

(biology, ecology) A biological nanosystem


ekoregiono

eo-head

ekoregiono (accusative singular ekoregionon, plural ekoregionoj, accusative plural ekoregionojn)

ekoregionon (accusative singular)
ekoregionoj (plural)
ekoregionojn (accusative plural)


heterotopia

en-noun

heterotopia (countable and uncountable, plural heterotopias)

(ecology) The occurrence of an organism in a number of different habitats


酸性雨

[sã̠ɰ̃se̞ːɯ̟]


eutrofie

From Ancient Greek εὐτροφία (eutrophía).


equitability

equitability (usually uncountable, plural equitabilities)

ĕ'kwĭtəbĭʹlĭtĭ

/ˌɛkwɪtəˈbɪlɪtɪ/

(ecology) The extent of the representation by equal numbers of individuals of the different species of a given community.


density dependence

density dependence (plural density dependences)

(ecology) Regulation of population growth by mechanisms controlled by the size of the population; especially the curtailment of growth by crowding, predators and competition


tápláléklánc

táplálékláncok (plural)
tápláléklánc (nominative singular)
táplálékláncok (nominative plural)
táplálékláncot (accusative singular)
táplálékláncokat (accusative plural)
táplálékláncnak (dative singular)
táplálékláncoknak (dative plural)
tápláléklánccal (instrumental singular)
táplálékláncokkal (instrumental plural)
táplálékláncért (causal-final singular)
táplálékláncokért (causal-final plural)
tápláléklánccá (singular translative)
táplálékláncokká (plural translative)
táplálékláncig (singular terminative)
táplálékláncokig (plural terminative)
táplálékláncként (essive-formal singular)
táplálékláncokként (essive-formal plural)
táplálékláncban (inessive singular)
táplálékláncokban (inessive plural)
táplálékláncon (singular superessive)
táplálékláncokon (plural superessive)
táplálékláncnál (adessive singular)
táplálékláncoknál (adessive plural)
táplálékláncba (illative singular)
táplálékláncokba (illative plural)
táplálékláncra (singular sublative)
táplálékláncokra (plural sublative)
tápláléklánchoz (allative singular)
táplálékláncokhoz (allative plural)
táplálékláncból (elative singular)
táplálékláncokból (elative plural)
táplálékláncról (delative singular)
táplálékláncokról (delative plural)
tápláléklánctól (ablative singular)
táplálékláncoktól (ablative plural)
táplálékláncé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
táplálékláncoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
táplálékláncéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
táplálékláncokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
táplálékláncom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
táplálékláncaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
táplálékláncod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
táplálékláncaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tápláléklánca (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
táplálékláncai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
táplálékláncunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
táplálékláncaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
táplálékláncotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
táplálékláncaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
táplálékláncuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
táplálékláncaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

food chain (the feeding relationships between species in a biotic community)


arboricolous

en-adj

arboricolous (comparative more arboricolous, superlative most arboricolous)

more arboricolous (comparative)
most arboricolous (superlative)

(ecology) That grows on, or lives in, trees.


avicolous

avicolous (comparative more avicolous, superlative most avicolous)

more avicolous (comparative)
most avicolous (superlative)


biodiversiteit

From bio- + diversiteit, calque of English biodiversity.

biodiversity (diversity of flora and fauna)


生態學

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ hɔːk̚²/

/sɛiŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^((tʰ-))nai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ouʔ⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ hak̚¹²¹/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai¹²⁻⁵³ hak̚⁵⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ hak̚⁴/

/sŋ̍³³ tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hak̚²⁴/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ hɔːk̚²/

/sɛiŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^((tʰ-))nai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ouʔ⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ hak̚¹²¹/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai¹²⁻⁵³ hak̚⁵⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ hak̚⁴/

/sŋ̍³³ tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hak̚²⁴/


àrainneachd

head

àrainneachd f (genitive singular àrainneachd, plural àrainneachdan)

àrainneachd (genitive singular)
àrainneachdan (plural)


環保

/xu̯än³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰuan¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵³/

/kʰuan²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/huan²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/huaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ po⁵²/

/xu̯än³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰuan¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵³/

/kʰuan²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/huan²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/huaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ po⁵²/

environmental protection
environmental protection


נישה

he-noun

נִישָׁה • (nísha) f (plural indefinite נִישׁוֹת, singular construct נִישַׁת־, plural construct נִישׁוֹת־)

נִישָׁה (canonical)
nísha (romanization)
נִישׁוֹת (indefinite plural)
נִישַׁת־ (construct singular)
נִישׁוֹת־ (construct plural)

Ultimately borrowed from French niche, from Old French niche, from nicher (“make a nest”) (modern French nicher), from Latin nīdus (“nest”).

(by extension, ecology, economics) a niche (a position in an ecological system or market for which one is especially suited)


生態系統

ㄕㄥ ㄊㄞˋ ㄒㄧˋ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

шэнтай ситун

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/


生態系

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹/


生態系

生態系 (canonical)
seitaikei (romanization)

an ecosystem (system of an ecological community and its environment)


klimaks

klimaks (nominative singular)
klimaksy (nominative plural)
klimaksu (genitive singular)
klimaksów (genitive plural)
klimaksowi (dative singular)
klimaksom (dative plural)
klimaks (accusative singular)
klimaksy (accusative plural)
klimaksem (instrumental singular)
klimaksami (instrumental plural)
klimaksie (locative singular)
klimaksach (locative plural)
klimaksie (singular vocative)
klimaksy (plural vocative)

(ecology) climax (the culmination of ecological development, whereby species are in equilibrium with their environment)


coprophilic

en-adj

coprophilic (comparative more coprophilic, superlative most coprophilic)

more coprophilic (comparative)
most coprophilic (superlative)

(chiefly ecology) Enjoying contact with excrement.


資源

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɨ²⁴ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/t͡sɨ²⁴ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/t͡sz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋian¹¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/t͡sɯ³³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sɯ³³⁻²³ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɨ²⁴ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/t͡sɨ²⁴ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/t͡sz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋian¹¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/t͡sɯ³³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sɯ³³⁻²³ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

珍惜資源

珍惜资源

種質資源

种质资源

資源配置

资源配置

Everyone make good use of this resource.

大家把這個資源利用好。

大家把这个资源利用好。

資源短缺

资源短缺


資源

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～縣) Ziyuan County (a county of Guilin, Guangxi, China)


biomonitor

(biology, ecology) Any organism that provides quantitative information on the quality of its environment.


geoecology

(geography, ecology) The interdisciplinary study of geography and ecology


zooparasite

Any organism that is parasitic to an animal


intertidal zone

en-noun

intertidal zone (plural intertidal zones)

(oceanography) The part of a shore between high water and low water, especially the beach exposed at maximum ebb spring tides.


endobenthic

(ecology) That lives within the sediment on the seafloor


socioecology

(sociology, ecology) The use of techniques of sociology in the field of ecology.


panmixis

From New Latin panmixis, from Ancient Greek παν- (pan-, “every, all”) + μίξις (míxis, “mixing, mingling”).


biodiversification

(ecology) The process of establishing and developing biodiversity


foraoiseacht

head

foraoiseacht f (genitive singular foraoiseachta)

foraoiseachta (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
foraoiseacht (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a fhoraoiseacht (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
foraoiseachta (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an fhoraoiseacht (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na foraoiseachta (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an bhforaoiseacht (definite singular)
don fhoraoiseacht (definite singular)
foraoiseacht
fhoraoiseacht
bhforaoiseacht

(ecology) forestry (management of forests)


foraoiseoir

foraoiseoir m (genitive singular foraoiseora, nominative plural foraoiseoirí)

foraoiseora (genitive singular)
foraoiseoirí (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
foraoiseoir (indefinite singular)
foraoiseoirí (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a fhoraoiseoir (indefinite singular)
a fhoraoiseoirí (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
foraoiseora (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an foraoiseoir (definite singular)
na foraoiseoirí (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an fhoraoiseora (definite singular)
na bhforaoiseoirí (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an bhforaoiseoir (definite singular)
don fhoraoiseoir (definite singular)
leis na foraoiseoirí (definite plural)
foraoiseoir
fhoraoiseoir
bhforaoiseoir


metatranscriptome

From meta- + transcriptome or metatranscript + -ome.

(genetics, ecology) The transcriptome of a group of interacting organisms or species


microdiversity

en-noun

microdiversity (countable and uncountable, plural microdiversities)

(ecology) The diversity of phylogenetically closely related but physiologically distinct populations of bacteria


revegetate

en-verb

revegetate (third-person singular simple present revegetates, present participle revegetating, simple past and past participle revegetated)

revegetates (present singular third-person)
revegetating (participle present)
revegetated (participle past)
revegetated (past)

(transitive, chiefly ecology) To produce new vegetation on (a barren ground or area); to colonize (barren ground).


cáin charbóin

head

cáin charbóin f (genitive singular cánach carbóin, nominative plural cánacha carbóin)

cánach carbóin (genitive singular)
cánacha carbóin (nominative plural)
cáin charbóin
cháin charbóin
gcáin charbóin


lorg carbóin

lorg carbóin m (genitive singular loirg charbóin, nominative plural loirg charbóin)

loirg charbóin (genitive singular)
loirg charbóin (nominative plural)


dé-ocsaíd charbóin

dé-ocsaíd charbóin f (genitive singular dé-ocsaíde carbóin)

dé-ocsaíde carbóin (genitive singular)
dé-ocsaíd charbóin
dhé-ocsaíd charbóin
ndé-ocsaíd charbóin


cúiteamh carbóin

cúiteamh carbóin m (genitive singular cúitimh charbóin)

cúitimh charbóin (genitive singular)
cúiteamh carbóin
chúiteamh carbóin
gcúiteamh carbóin


timthriall carbóin

timthriall carbóin m (genitive singular timthrialla charbóin, nominative plural timthriallta carbóin)

timthrialla charbóin (genitive singular)
timthriallta carbóin (nominative plural)
timthriall carbóin
thimthriall carbóin
dtimthriall carbóin


parabiosis

en-noun

parabiosis (countable and uncountable, plural parabioses)

(ecology, ethology) A form of symbiosis, typically among ants, in which different species share common nest galleries but maintain distinct broods and do not practice mutualism other than incidentally.


autekologia

autekologia (nominative singular)
autekologii (genitive singular)
autekologii (dative singular)
autekologię (accusative singular)
autekologią (instrumental singular)
autekologii (locative singular)
autekologio (singular vocative)


zoochory

/ˈzəʊəˌkɔːɹi/

/ˈzuːəˌkɔːɹi/

The dispersal of seeds, spores, or fruit by animals.


ornithochory

(biology, ecology) The dispersal of seeds by birds


epizoochory

(ecology) Seed dispersal via transportation on the outside of vertebrate animals (mostly mammals).

эпизоохория

seed dispersal via transportation on the outside of vertebrate animals


anthropochory

anthropochorie

the dispersal of seeds, spores, or fruit by humans.

(ecology) The (typically inadvertent) dispersal of seeds, spores, or other reproductive botanical material, or of reproductively capable animals, by humans as a routine means of reproductive dispersal of that species.

Stephenson stressed the importance of anthropochory in earthworm dispersal. Human introductions, either intentional or unconscious, play a key role in earthworm invasions, as is well demonstrated by the presence of European Lumbricidae in North America, Asia, New Zealand

2006, Juhani Terhivuo, Anssi Saura, "Dispersal and clonal diversity of North-European parthenogenetic earthworms", in Paul F. Hendrix, Biological Invasions Belowground: Earthworms as Invasive Species (2008), Springer, isbn: 978-1-4020-5429-7, page 15

(ecology) The (typically inadvertent and sporadic) dispersal by humans, of seeds, spores, or other reproductive botanical material, or of reproductively capable animals, into a region where they do not natively occur, resulting in adventitious anthropochorous establishment of an alien population if successful.


autochory

(ecology) Self-dispersal of seeds, the physical and often explosive discharge of seeds from the fruit.


reducent

nl-noun

reducent m (plural reducenten, diminutive reducentje n)

reducenten (plural)
reducentje (diminutive neuter)


cranneolaíocht

head

cranneolaíocht f (genitive singular cranneolaíochta)

cranneolaíochta (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
cranneolaíocht (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a chranneolaíocht (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
cranneolaíochta (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an chranneolaíocht (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na cranneolaíochta (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an gcranneolaíocht (definite singular)
don chranneolaíocht (definite singular)
cranneolaíocht
chranneolaíocht
gcranneolaíocht

From crann (“tree”) + eolaíocht (“science”).


chaîne alimentaire

fr-noun

chaîne alimentaire f (plural chaînes alimentaires)


gospodarz

pl-noun

gospodarz m pers (female equivalent gospodyni)

gospodyni (feminine)
gospodarz (nominative singular)
gospodarze (nominative plural)
gospodarza (genitive singular)
gospodarzy (genitive plural)
gospodarzowi (dative singular)
gospodarzom (dative plural)
gospodarza (accusative singular)
gospodarzy (accusative plural)
gospodarzem (instrumental singular)
gospodarzami (instrumental plural)
gospodarzu (locative singular)
gospodarzach (locative plural)
gospodarzu (singular vocative)
gospodarze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gospodãřь. Doublet of hospodar.


hiilijalanjälki

hiilijalanjälki (nominative singular)
hiilijalanjäljet (nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälki (accusative nominative singular)
hiilijalanjäljet (accusative nominative plural)
hiilijalanjäljen (accusative genitive singular)
hiilijalanjäljet (accusative genitive plural)
hiilijalanjäljen (genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkien (genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkeä (partitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiä (partitive plural)
hiilijalanjäljessä (inessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljissä (inessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljestä (elative singular)
hiilijalanjäljistä (elative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeen (illative singular)
hiilijalanjälkiin (illative plural)
hiilijalanjäljellä (adessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljillä (adessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeltä (ablative singular)
hiilijalanjäljiltä (ablative plural)
hiilijalanjäljelle (allative singular)
hiilijalanjäljille (allative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenä (essive singular)
hiilijalanjälkinä (essive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeksi (singular translative)
hiilijalanjäljiksi (plural translative)
hiilijalanjäljettä (abessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljittä (abessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hiilijalanjälkeni (nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkeni (nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeni (accusative nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkeni (accusative nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeni (accusative genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkeni (accusative genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkeni (genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkieni (genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkeäni (partitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiäni (partitive plural)
hiilijalanjäljessäni (inessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljissäni (inessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljestäni (elative singular)
hiilijalanjäljistäni (elative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeeni (illative singular)
hiilijalanjälkiini (illative plural)
hiilijalanjäljelläni (adessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljilläni (adessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeltäni (ablative singular)
hiilijalanjäljiltäni (ablative plural)
hiilijalanjäljelleni (allative singular)
hiilijalanjäljilleni (allative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenäni (essive singular)
hiilijalanjälkinäni (essive plural)
hiilijalanjäljekseni (singular translative)
hiilijalanjäljikseni (plural translative)
hiilijalanjäljettäni (abessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljittäni (abessive plural)
hiilijalanjälkineni (comitative plural)
hiilijalanjälkesi (nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkesi (nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkesi (accusative nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkesi (accusative nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkesi (accusative genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkesi (accusative genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkesi (genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiesi (genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkeäsi (partitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiäsi (partitive plural)
hiilijalanjäljessäsi (inessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljissäsi (inessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljestäsi (elative singular)
hiilijalanjäljistäsi (elative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeesi (illative singular)
hiilijalanjälkiisi (illative plural)
hiilijalanjäljelläsi (adessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljilläsi (adessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeltäsi (ablative singular)
hiilijalanjäljiltäsi (ablative plural)
hiilijalanjäljellesi (allative singular)
hiilijalanjäljillesi (allative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenäsi (essive singular)
hiilijalanjälkinäsi (essive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeksesi (singular translative)
hiilijalanjäljiksesi (plural translative)
hiilijalanjäljettäsi (abessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljittäsi (abessive plural)
hiilijalanjälkinesi (comitative plural)
hiilijalanjälkemme (nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkemme (nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkemme (accusative nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkemme (accusative nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkemme (accusative genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkemme (accusative genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkemme (genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiemme (genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkeämme (partitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiämme (partitive plural)
hiilijalanjäljessämme (inessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljissämme (inessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljestämme (elative singular)
hiilijalanjäljistämme (elative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeemme (illative singular)
hiilijalanjälkiimme (illative plural)
hiilijalanjäljellämme (adessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljillämme (adessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeltämme (ablative singular)
hiilijalanjäljiltämme (ablative plural)
hiilijalanjäljellemme (allative singular)
hiilijalanjäljillemme (allative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenämme (essive singular)
hiilijalanjälkinämme (essive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeksemme (singular translative)
hiilijalanjäljiksemme (plural translative)
hiilijalanjäljettämme (abessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljittämme (abessive plural)
hiilijalanjälkinemme (comitative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenne (nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkenne (nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenne (accusative nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkenne (accusative nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenne (accusative genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkenne (accusative genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkenne (genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkienne (genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkeänne (partitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiänne (partitive plural)
hiilijalanjäljessänne (inessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljissänne (inessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljestänne (elative singular)
hiilijalanjäljistänne (elative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeenne (illative singular)
hiilijalanjälkiinne (illative plural)
hiilijalanjäljellänne (adessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljillänne (adessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeltänne (ablative singular)
hiilijalanjäljiltänne (ablative plural)
hiilijalanjäljellenne (allative singular)
hiilijalanjäljillenne (allative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenänne (essive singular)
hiilijalanjälkinänne (essive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeksenne (singular translative)
hiilijalanjäljiksenne (plural translative)
hiilijalanjäljettänne (abessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljittänne (abessive plural)
hiilijalanjälkinenne (comitative plural)
hiilijalanjälkensä (nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkensä (nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkensä (accusative nominative singular)
hiilijalanjälkensä (accusative nominative plural)
hiilijalanjälkensä (accusative genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkensä (accusative genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkensä (genitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiensä (genitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkeään (partitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkeänsä (partitive singular)
hiilijalanjälkiään (partitive plural)
hiilijalanjälkiänsä (partitive plural)
hiilijalanjäljessään (inessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljessänsä (inessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljissään (inessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljissänsä (inessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljestään (elative singular)
hiilijalanjäljestänsä (elative singular)
hiilijalanjäljistään (elative plural)
hiilijalanjäljistänsä (elative plural)
hiilijalanjälkeensä (illative singular)
hiilijalanjälkiinsä (illative plural)
hiilijalanjäljellään (adessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljellänsä (adessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljillään (adessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljillänsä (adessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljeltään (ablative singular)
hiilijalanjäljeltänsä (ablative singular)
hiilijalanjäljiltään (ablative plural)
hiilijalanjäljiltänsä (ablative plural)
hiilijalanjäljelleen (allative singular)
hiilijalanjäljellensä (allative singular)
hiilijalanjäljilleen (allative plural)
hiilijalanjäljillensä (allative plural)
hiilijalanjälkenään (essive singular)
hiilijalanjälkenänsä (essive singular)
hiilijalanjälkinään (essive plural)
hiilijalanjälkinänsä (essive plural)
hiilijalanjäljekseen (singular translative)
hiilijalanjäljeksensä (singular translative)
hiilijalanjäljikseen (plural translative)
hiilijalanjäljiksensä (plural translative)
hiilijalanjäljettään (abessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljettänsä (abessive singular)
hiilijalanjäljittään (abessive plural)
hiilijalanjäljittänsä (abessive plural)
hiilijalanjälkineen (comitative plural)
hiilijalanjälkinensä (comitative plural)

hiili (“carbon”) + jalanjälki (“footprint”)


timthriall

head

timthriall m (genitive singular timthrialla, nominative plural timthriallta)

timthrialla (genitive singular)
timthriallta (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
timthriall (indefinite singular)
timthriallta (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a thimthriall (indefinite singular)
a thimthriallta (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
timthrialla (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an timthriall (definite singular)
na timthriallta (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an timthrialla (definite singular)
na dtimthriallta (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an timthriall (definite singular)
don timthriall (definite singular)
leis na timthriallta (definite plural)
timthriall
thimthriall
dtimthriall

(astrology, biology, ecology, mathematics, medicine, physics) cycle


besin

besin (definite accusative besini, plural besinler)

besini (accusative definite)
besinler (plural)

A post-Ottoman coinage based on the native word beslemek to replace the Arabic-derived gıda.

2013, Özkan Evcin et al., “Anadolu ağaç sincabinin (Sciurus anomalus (Güldenstaedt, 1785)) ekolojisi: kastamonu-araç merkez orman işletme şefliği örneği”

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Ceviz gibi sert kabuklu meyveler temel besinleridir.


ekologs

lv-noun

ekologs m (1st declension, feminine form: ekoloģe)

ekoloģe (feminine)
ekologs (nominative singular)
ekologi (nominative plural)
ekologu (accusative singular)
ekologus (accusative plural)
ekologa (genitive singular)
ekologu (genitive plural)
ekologam (dative singular)
ekologiem (dative plural)
ekologu (instrumental singular)
ekologiem (instrumental plural)
ekologā (locative singular)
ekologos (locative plural)
ekolog (singular vocative)
ekologi (plural vocative)

(male) ecologist (a specialist in ecology)


mesopsammic

en-adj

mesopsammic (comparative more mesopsammic, superlative most mesopsammic)

more mesopsammic (comparative)
most mesopsammic (superlative)

Therefore, the researches carried out by Prof. Vezio Cottarelli (Viterbo) in the mesopsammic marine environment of Mindoro Island and by Dr Mauro Daccordi (Verona) in the phreatic fresh water of Palawan Island, are quite interesting in this regard.

1994, Tropical Zoology - Volume 7, page 356:

As is the case with mesopsammic representatives of other major taxa, interstitial nemertines constitute a unique biological grouping recognizable by specializations that are characteristic of mesopsammon (see Swedmark, 1964, for review of the nature of interstitial organisms).

2012, Per Sundberg, R. Gibson, G. Berg, Recent Advances in Nemertean Biology, →ISBN:

Although about 45% of all adenophoran nematodes are interstitial, there are few morphological features that occur regularly in mesopsammic species and can be considered typical for a mesopsammic life, although their function is not always clear (Lorenzen 1986): A strongly bent tail with adhesive glands (nematodes normally lie on their side when moving), additional adhesive organs (e.g. in Epsilonematidae), a flexible, tapering "neck" region, extremely long setae (Thrichotheristus), aberrant position of amphids (Epsilonematidae), flattened body (rare, e.g. Neochromadora angelica).

2013, Olav Giere, Meiobenthology: The Microscopic Fauna in Aquatic Sediments, →ISBN:

(rare, ecology) Of or pertaining to the interstitial spaces of marine sand.


biological control

en-noun

biological control (countable and uncountable, plural biological controls)

Control of pests using natural predators, parasites, pathogens, or other organisms that harm the pest species.


biom

biom (nominative singular)
biomy (nominative plural)
biomu (genitive singular)
biomów (genitive plural)
biomowi (dative singular)
biomom (dative plural)
biom (accusative singular)
biomy (accusative plural)
biomem (instrumental singular)
biomami (instrumental plural)
biomie (locative singular)
biomach (locative plural)
biomie (singular vocative)
biomy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English biome. Ultimately from bio- + Ancient Greek -μα (-ma). First attested in 1955.


consocies

The consocies grows to an average maximum height of 15 feet, the canopy formed being well knit, but allowing entrance to a large percentage of the light.

1927, Forestry Pamphlets. Africa, volume 3, page 171:

These weeds grow in abundance and thrive with notable vigor in these locust stands, but are almost or entirely absent in the consocies of scrub pine, tulip poplar, and in the mixed hardwood forest tending toward the climax type.

1944, Experiment Station Record, volume 90, United States. Office of Experiment Stations, page 482:


ekosistemo

eo-head

ekosistemo (accusative singular ekosistemon, plural ekosistemoj, accusative plural ekosistemojn)

ekosistemon (accusative singular)
ekosistemoj (plural)
ekosistemojn (accusative plural)


voedselketen

nl-noun

voedselketen f (plural voedselketens, diminutive voedselketentje n)

voedselketens (plural)
voedselketentje (diminutive neuter)

From voedsel + keten, probably a calque.


poikilohydrisch

de-adj

poikilohydrisch (strong nominative masculine singular poikilohydrischer, not comparable)

poikilohydrischer (masculine nominative singular strong)
poikilohydrisch (masculine predicative singular)
poikilohydrisch (feminine predicative singular)
poikilohydrisch (neuter predicative singular)
poikilohydrisch (plural predicative)
poikilohydrischer (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrische (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrisches (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrische (nominative plural strong without-article)
poikilohydrischen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrischer (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrischen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrischer (genitive plural strong without-article)
poikilohydrischem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrischer (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrischem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrischen (dative plural strong without-article)
poikilohydrischen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrische (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrisches (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
poikilohydrische (accusative plural strong without-article)
der poikilohydrische (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die poikilohydrische (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das poikilohydrische (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die poikilohydrischen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des poikilohydrischen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der poikilohydrischen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des poikilohydrischen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der poikilohydrischen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem poikilohydrischen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der poikilohydrischen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem poikilohydrischen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den poikilohydrischen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den poikilohydrischen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die poikilohydrische (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das poikilohydrische (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die poikilohydrischen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein poikilohydrischer (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine poikilohydrische (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein poikilohydrisches (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
poikilohydrischen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine poikilohydrischen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines poikilohydrischen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer poikilohydrischen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines poikilohydrischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
poikilohydrischen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner poikilohydrischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem poikilohydrischen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer poikilohydrischen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem poikilohydrischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
poikilohydrischen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen poikilohydrischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen poikilohydrischen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine poikilohydrische (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein poikilohydrisches (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
poikilohydrischen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine poikilohydrischen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)

(biology, ecology) poikilohydric (plants that cannot prevent desiccation)


homoiohydrisch

homoiohydrisch (strong nominative masculine singular homoiohydrischer, not comparable)

homoiohydrischer (masculine nominative singular strong)
homoiohydrisch (masculine predicative singular)
homoiohydrisch (feminine predicative singular)
homoiohydrisch (neuter predicative singular)
homoiohydrisch (plural predicative)
homoiohydrischer (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrische (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrisches (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrische (nominative plural strong without-article)
homoiohydrischen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrischer (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrischen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrischer (genitive plural strong without-article)
homoiohydrischem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrischer (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrischem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrischen (dative plural strong without-article)
homoiohydrischen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrische (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrisches (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
homoiohydrische (accusative plural strong without-article)
der homoiohydrische (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die homoiohydrische (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das homoiohydrische (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die homoiohydrischen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des homoiohydrischen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der homoiohydrischen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des homoiohydrischen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der homoiohydrischen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem homoiohydrischen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der homoiohydrischen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem homoiohydrischen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den homoiohydrischen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den homoiohydrischen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die homoiohydrische (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das homoiohydrische (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die homoiohydrischen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein homoiohydrischer (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine homoiohydrische (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein homoiohydrisches (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
homoiohydrischen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine homoiohydrischen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines homoiohydrischen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer homoiohydrischen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines homoiohydrischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
homoiohydrischen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner homoiohydrischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem homoiohydrischen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer homoiohydrischen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem homoiohydrischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
homoiohydrischen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen homoiohydrischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen homoiohydrischen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine homoiohydrische (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein homoiohydrisches (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
homoiohydrischen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine homoiohydrischen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος (hómoios, “similar”) + ὑδρο- (hudro-) (combining form of ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”)) + -isch.


environmental protection

The practice of protecting the natural environment by individuals, organizations and governments.


predador

Borrowed from Latin praedātōrem, from praedor (“to acquire loot”).


euryphage

From eury- + -phage, from Ancient Greek εὐρύς (eurús, “wide”) + φαγεῖν (phageîn, “to eat”).

(ecology) Any animal that eats a large variety of food.


forchéim

head

forchéim f (genitive singular forchéime, nominative plural forchéimeanna)

forchéime (genitive singular)
forchéimeanna (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
forchéim (indefinite singular)
forchéimeanna (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a fhorchéim (indefinite singular)
a fhorchéimeanna (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
forchéime (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an fhorchéim (definite singular)
na forchéimeanna (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
na forchéime (definite singular)
na bhforchéimeanna (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an bhforchéim (definite singular)
don fhorchéim (definite singular)
leis na forchéimeanna (definite plural)
forchéim
fhorchéim
bhforchéim

(ecology) climax (stage of ecological development in which a community of organisms is stable and capable of perpetuating itself)


xéiriséir

xéiriséir f (genitive singular xéiriséire)

xéiriséire (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
xéiriséir (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a xéiriséir (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
xéiriséire (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an xéiriséir (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na xéiriséire (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an xéiriséir (definite singular)
don xéiriséir (definite singular)

From xéiri- (“xero-”) + -séir (“-sere”).


extremotolerant

en-adj

extremotolerant (comparative more extremotolerant, superlative most extremotolerant)

more extremotolerant (comparative)
most extremotolerant (superlative)

(ecology) Capable of tolerating extreme environmental conditions.


œconomie

Borrowed from Latin oeconomia, from Ancient Greek οἰκονομία (oikonomía, “management of a household, administration”). The sense 2 comes from an intentional usage of the archaic spelling.

der

Le défi du XXIᵉ siècle est d’assurer le bien-être de tous dans le respect de la biosphère, en mobilisant pour cela tout le travail et toute la créativité humaine. C’est littéralement la définition que donnait, au XVIIIᵉ siècle, le grand botaniste, Carl von Linné, de « l’œconomie » : les règles (nomoï) de gestion de notre espace domestique (oïkos).

2020 August 12, “« Le défi du XXIe siècle est d’assurer le bien-être de tous dans le respect de la biosphère »”, in Le Monde, retrieved 2024-11-16:

Renewed economy which is taking care of the biosphere and ecological problematics.


kohosuo

kohosuo (nominative singular)
kohosuot (nominative plural)
kohosuo (accusative nominative singular)
kohosuot (accusative nominative plural)
kohosuon (accusative genitive singular)
kohosuot (accusative genitive plural)
kohosuon (genitive singular)
kohosoiden (genitive plural)
kohosoitten (genitive plural)
kohosuota (partitive singular)
kohosoita (partitive plural)
kohosuossa (inessive singular)
kohosoissa (inessive plural)
kohosuosta (elative singular)
kohosoista (elative plural)
kohosuohon (illative singular)
kohosoihin (illative plural)
kohosuolla (adessive singular)
kohosoilla (adessive plural)
kohosuolta (ablative singular)
kohosoilta (ablative plural)
kohosuolle (allative singular)
kohosoille (allative plural)
kohosuona (essive singular)
kohosoina (essive plural)
kohosuoksi (singular translative)
kohosoiksi (plural translative)
kohosuotta (abessive singular)
kohosoitta (abessive plural)
kohosoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kohosuoni (nominative singular)
kohosuoni (nominative plural)
kohosuoni (accusative nominative singular)
kohosuoni (accusative nominative plural)
kohosuoni (accusative genitive singular)
kohosuoni (accusative genitive plural)
kohosuoni (genitive singular)
kohosoideni (genitive plural)
kohosoitteni (genitive plural)
kohosuotani (partitive singular)
kohosoitani (partitive plural)
kohosuossani (inessive singular)
kohosoissani (inessive plural)
kohosuostani (elative singular)
kohosoistani (elative plural)
kohosuohoni (illative singular)
kohosoihini (illative plural)
kohosuollani (adessive singular)
kohosoillani (adessive plural)
kohosuoltani (ablative singular)
kohosoiltani (ablative plural)
kohosuolleni (allative singular)
kohosoilleni (allative plural)
kohosuonani (essive singular)
kohosoinani (essive plural)
kohosuokseni (singular translative)
kohosoikseni (plural translative)
kohosuottani (abessive singular)
kohosoittani (abessive plural)
kohosoineni (comitative plural)
kohosuosi (nominative singular)
kohosuosi (nominative plural)
kohosuosi (accusative nominative singular)
kohosuosi (accusative nominative plural)
kohosuosi (accusative genitive singular)
kohosuosi (accusative genitive plural)
kohosuosi (genitive singular)
kohosoidesi (genitive plural)
kohosoittesi (genitive plural)
kohosuotasi (partitive singular)
kohosoitasi (partitive plural)
kohosuossasi (inessive singular)
kohosoissasi (inessive plural)
kohosuostasi (elative singular)
kohosoistasi (elative plural)
kohosuohosi (illative singular)
kohosoihisi (illative plural)
kohosuollasi (adessive singular)
kohosoillasi (adessive plural)
kohosuoltasi (ablative singular)
kohosoiltasi (ablative plural)
kohosuollesi (allative singular)
kohosoillesi (allative plural)
kohosuonasi (essive singular)
kohosoinasi (essive plural)
kohosuoksesi (singular translative)
kohosoiksesi (plural translative)
kohosuottasi (abessive singular)
kohosoittasi (abessive plural)
kohosoinesi (comitative plural)
kohosuomme (nominative singular)
kohosuomme (nominative plural)
kohosuomme (accusative nominative singular)
kohosuomme (accusative nominative plural)
kohosuomme (accusative genitive singular)
kohosuomme (accusative genitive plural)
kohosuomme (genitive singular)
kohosoidemme (genitive plural)
kohosoittemme (genitive plural)
kohosuotamme (partitive singular)
kohosoitamme (partitive plural)
kohosuossamme (inessive singular)
kohosoissamme (inessive plural)
kohosuostamme (elative singular)
kohosoistamme (elative plural)
kohosuohomme (illative singular)
kohosoihimme (illative plural)
kohosuollamme (adessive singular)
kohosoillamme (adessive plural)
kohosuoltamme (ablative singular)
kohosoiltamme (ablative plural)
kohosuollemme (allative singular)
kohosoillemme (allative plural)
kohosuonamme (essive singular)
kohosoinamme (essive plural)
kohosuoksemme (singular translative)
kohosoiksemme (plural translative)
kohosuottamme (abessive singular)
kohosoittamme (abessive plural)
kohosoinemme (comitative plural)
kohosuonne (nominative singular)
kohosuonne (nominative plural)
kohosuonne (accusative nominative singular)
kohosuonne (accusative nominative plural)
kohosuonne (accusative genitive singular)
kohosuonne (accusative genitive plural)
kohosuonne (genitive singular)
kohosoidenne (genitive plural)
kohosoittenne (genitive plural)
kohosuotanne (partitive singular)
kohosoitanne (partitive plural)
kohosuossanne (inessive singular)
kohosoissanne (inessive plural)
kohosuostanne (elative singular)
kohosoistanne (elative plural)
kohosuohonne (illative singular)
kohosoihinne (illative plural)
kohosuollanne (adessive singular)
kohosoillanne (adessive plural)
kohosuoltanne (ablative singular)
kohosoiltanne (ablative plural)
kohosuollenne (allative singular)
kohosoillenne (allative plural)
kohosuonanne (essive singular)
kohosoinanne (essive plural)
kohosuoksenne (singular translative)
kohosoiksenne (plural translative)
kohosuottanne (abessive singular)
kohosoittanne (abessive plural)
kohosoinenne (comitative plural)
kohosuonsa (nominative singular)
kohosuonsa (nominative plural)
kohosuonsa (accusative nominative singular)
kohosuonsa (accusative nominative plural)
kohosuonsa (accusative genitive singular)
kohosuonsa (accusative genitive plural)
kohosuonsa (genitive singular)
kohosoidensa (genitive plural)
kohosoittensa (genitive plural)
kohosuotaan (partitive singular)
kohosuotansa (partitive singular)
kohosoitaan (partitive plural)
kohosoitansa (partitive plural)
kohosuossaan (inessive singular)
kohosuossansa (inessive singular)
kohosoissaan (inessive plural)
kohosoissansa (inessive plural)
kohosuostaan (elative singular)
kohosuostansa (elative singular)
kohosoistaan (elative plural)
kohosoistansa (elative plural)
kohosuohonsa (illative singular)
kohosoihinsa (illative plural)
kohosuollaan (adessive singular)
kohosuollansa (adessive singular)
kohosoillaan (adessive plural)
kohosoillansa (adessive plural)
kohosuoltaan (ablative singular)
kohosuoltansa (ablative singular)
kohosoiltaan (ablative plural)
kohosoiltansa (ablative plural)
kohosuolleen (allative singular)
kohosuollensa (allative singular)
kohosoilleen (allative plural)
kohosoillensa (allative plural)
kohosuonaan (essive singular)
kohosuonansa (essive singular)
kohosoinaan (essive plural)
kohosoinansa (essive plural)
kohosuokseen (singular translative)
kohosuoksensa (singular translative)
kohosoikseen (plural translative)
kohosoiksensa (plural translative)
kohosuottaan (abessive singular)
kohosuottansa (abessive singular)
kohosoittaan (abessive plural)
kohosoittansa (abessive plural)
kohosoineen (comitative plural)
kohosoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈko̞ɦo̞ˌs̠uo̞̯]


ekologji

ekologjia (definite)
ekologji (indefinite nominative singular)
ekologjia (definite nominative singular)
ekologji (accusative indefinite singular)
ekologjinë (accusative definite singular)
ekologjie (indefinite singular)
ekologjisë (definite singular)


氣候變化

ㄑㄧˋ ㄏㄡˋ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

цихоу бяньхуа

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/hei̯³³ hɐu̯²² piːn³³ faː³³/

/hei̯³³ hɐu̯²² piːn³³ faː³³/

人類活動導致的氣候變化

人类活动导致的气候变化


全球變暖

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄡˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄋㄨㄢˇ

цюаньцю бяньнуань

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹ nu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ kʰɐu̯²¹ piːn³³ nyːn¹³/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ kʰɐu̯²¹ piːn³³ nyːn¹³/


nudation

en-noun

nudation (countable and uncountable, plural nudations)

From Latin nudatio, from nudare (“to make naked”), from nudus (“naked”). See nude.

(now chiefly ecology) The act of stripping, or making bare or naked.


heitreatrófach

head

heitreatrófach m (genitive singular heitreatrófaigh, nominative plural heitreatrófaigh)

heitreatrófaigh (genitive singular)
heitreatrófaigh (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
heitreatrófach (indefinite singular)
heitreatrófaigh (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a heitreatrófaigh (indefinite singular)
a heitreatrófacha (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
heitreatrófaigh (indefinite singular)
heitreatrófach (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an heitreatrófach (definite singular)
na heitreatrófaigh (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an heitreatrófaigh (definite singular)
na heitreatrófach (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an heitreatrófach (definite singular)
don heitreatrófach (definite singular)
leis na heitreatrófaigh (definite plural)


superdominant

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-superdominant.wav

A strategy for survival is needed to replace man's present role as an unrestricted superdominant of the biosphere, for this role is a strategy for self-defeat.

1975, William R. Burch, Beyond Growth: Essays on Alternative Futures, page 76:

The earthworm Eisenia nordenskioldi is also a typical superdominant of tundra cenoses.

1997, F. E. Wielgolaski, Polar and Alpine Tundra - Volume 3, →ISBN, page 405:

Asca bicornis (27.8%) was no longer a superdominant, and three species of the family Laelapidae (Hypoaspis claviger, H. nolli and Hypoaspis aculeifer) jointly constituted 31.3% of total

2008, Annales Zoologici - Volume 58, Issues 1-2, page 270:

(ecology) A species that is present in disproportionately large numbers within an ecosystem.


biomo

eo-head

biomo (accusative singular biomon, plural biomoj, accusative plural biomojn)

biomon (accusative singular)
biomoj (plural)
biomojn (accusative plural)


formorto

formorto (accusative singular formorton, plural formortoj, accusative plural formortojn)

formorton (accusative singular)
formortoj (plural)
formortojn (accusative plural)


autótrofo

pt-noun

autótrofo m (plural autótrofos, feminine autótrofa, feminine plural autótrofas)

autótrofos (plural)
autótrofa (feminine)
autótrofas (feminine plural)


autótrofo

From auto- + -trofo. Compare German autotroph.


epibenthos

(ecology) benthic organisms that live on top of the sediment


genetic diversity

(ecology) genetic variation that manifests within a species.


critical load

(ecology) The maximum load that a given system can sustain before it fails.


introduced species

en-noun

introduced species (plural introduced species)

(ecology) A species living outside its native distributional range which has arrived there by human activity, directly or indirectly, deliberately or accidentally.

vieraslaji

species outside its native range due to human activity


éiceolaíocht

head

éiceolaíocht f (genitive singular éiceolaíochta)

éiceolaíochta (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
éiceolaíocht (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a éiceolaíocht (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
éiceolaíochta (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an éiceolaíocht (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na héiceolaíochta (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an éiceolaíocht (definite singular)
don éiceolaíocht (definite singular)
éiceolaíocht
n-éiceolaíocht
héiceolaíocht

From éici- (“eco-”) + eolaíocht (“science; -ology”).


食物連鎖

ja-noun

食(しょく)物(もつ)連(れん)鎖(さ) • (shokumotsu rensa)

食物連鎖 (canonical)
shokumotsu rensa (romanization)

[ɕo̞kɯ̟mo̞t͡sɨ ɾẽ̞ɰ̃sa̠]

食物 (shokumotsu, “foodstuff”) + 連鎖 (rensa, “chain”)


ecosocialism

en-noun

ecosocialism (usually uncountable, plural ecosocialisms)

Mrs. Lienemann, the French Housing Minister, sees socialist and ecological forces proposing what she calls “a new culture”—perhaps named “Ecosocialism”—that might, she believes, work for innovations like a 32-hour workweek, more democracy at the workplace, and “a greater stress on quality than quantity in everyday life.”

[1992 November 1, Roger Cohen, quoting Marie-Noelle Lienemann, “Ideology Wanes for Europe, Leaving Politicians Adrift”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Whenever he launched an ideological crusade, he did so zealously — even if, as in the case of ecosocialism, its very definition and the collateral demand for an appealing alternative to capitalism were not self-evident.

2018 May 4, Sam Roberts, “Dr. Joel Kovel, a Founder of Ecosocialism, Is Dead at 81”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(politics) An ideology merging aspects of Marxism, socialism, green politics, environmentalism, etc. that opposes capitalism.


pollutician

Too many owners of factory chimneys have already capitulated to the negative attitude of the polluticians and have converted to smokeless fuels.

1971, Electroplating and Metal Finishing, volume 24:

(sometimes derogatory) A politician who supports policies and initiatives designed to reduce environmental pollution.


oligotrofico

it-adj

oligotrofico (feminine oligotrofica, masculine plural oligotrofici, feminine plural oligotrofiche)

oligotrofica (feminine)
oligotrofici (masculine plural)
oligotrofiche (feminine plural)


emergy investment ratio

en-noun

emergy investment ratio (plural emergy investment ratios)

(ecology) The ratio of purchased emergy to the local free environmental emergy.


bithóm

head

bithóm m (genitive singular bithóim, nominative plural bithóim)

bithóim (genitive singular)
bithóim (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
bithóm (indefinite singular)
bithóim (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a bhithóim (indefinite singular)
a bhithóma (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
bithóim (indefinite singular)
bithóm (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an bithóm (definite singular)
na bithóim (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an bhithóim (definite singular)
na mbithóm (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an mbithóm (definite singular)
don bhithóm (definite singular)
leis na bithóim (definite plural)
bithóm
bhithóm
mbithóm


bithgheoiceimic

bithgheoiceimic f (genitive singular bithgheoiceimice)

bithgheoiceimice (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
bithgheoiceimic (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a bhithgheoiceimic (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
bithgheoiceimice (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an bhithgheoiceimic (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na bithgheoiceimice (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an mbithgheoiceimic (definite singular)
don bhithgheoiceimic (definite singular)
bithgheoiceimic
bhithgheoiceimic
mbithgheoiceimic

From bith- (“bio-”) + geo- + ceimic (“chemistry”).

(biology, geology, chemistry, ecology) biogeochemistry


bithchrios

bithchrios m (genitive singular bithchreasa, nominative plural bithchriosanna)

bithchreasa (genitive singular)
bithchriosanna (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
bithchrios (indefinite singular)
bithchriosanna (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a bhithchrios (indefinite singular)
a bhithchriosanna (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
bithchreasa (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an bithchrios (definite singular)
na bithchriosanna (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an bhithchreasa (definite singular)
na mbithchriosanna (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an mbithchrios (definite singular)
don bhithchrios (definite singular)
leis na bithchriosanna (definite plural)
bithchrios
bhithchrios
mbithchrios


bithsféar

bithsféar m (genitive singular bithsféir, nominative plural bithsféir)

bithsféir (genitive singular)
bithsféir (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
bithsféar (indefinite singular)
bithsféir (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a bhithsféir (indefinite singular)
a bhithsféara (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
bithsféir (indefinite singular)
bithsféar (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an bithsféar (definite singular)
na bithsféir (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an bhithsféir (definite singular)
na mbithsféar (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an mbithsféar (definite singular)
don bhithsféar (definite singular)
leis na bithsféir (definite plural)
bithsféar
bhithsféar
mbithsféar


eidifeolaíocht

eidifeolaíocht f (genitive singular eidifeolaíochta)

eidifeolaíochta (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
eidifeolaíocht (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a eidifeolaíocht (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
eidifeolaíochta (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an eidifeolaíocht (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na heidifeolaíochta (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an eidifeolaíocht (definite singular)
don eidifeolaíocht (definite singular)
eidifeolaíocht
n-eidifeolaíocht
heidifeolaíocht

From Ancient Greek ἔδαφος (édaphos, “ground”) + eolaíocht (“science”).


dystrophisation

fr-noun

dystrophisation f (plural dystrophisations)


linneolaíocht

head

linneolaíocht f (genitive singular linneolaíochta)

linneolaíochta (genitive singular)
nominative (indefinite)
linneolaíocht (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a linneolaíocht (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
linneolaíochta (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an linneolaíocht (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na linneolaíochta (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an linneolaíocht (definite singular)
don linneolaíocht (definite singular)

From linn- (“limno-”) + eolaíocht (“science; -ology”).


dead zone

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-dead zone.wav

Planet Earth Research this year discovered that humans have created at least 50 ‘dead zones’ (zones where there is no oxygen) in the sea through pollution, and have extinguished other species at 1,000 times the natural rate in evolution.

It is only really in the past decade that science has begun to tell us that the man-made changes now occurring in the oceans – from acidification to overfishing to the growth of dead zones – represent some of the greatest threats to life on Earth.

2012, Charles Clover, ‘Up To Our Necks’, Literary Review, number 399:

By the time the Mississippi enters the gulf, its current has been transformed into a conduit for chemical nutrients, and this enriched current stimulates massive blooms of phytoplanktons. Consequently, it forms a dead zone the size of Massachusetts (7,900 square miles or 20,461 square kilometers) every summer, which has existed since the 1970s and supports almost no life beyond phytoplankton and bacteria.

2014, Chris Maser, Interactions of Land, Ocean and Humans: A Global Perspective, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 118:

(ecology) An area of the ocean where oxygen levels are too low to support life, especially as a result of pollution.


tragedy of the commons

en-noun

tragedy of the commons (plural tragedies of the commons)

Coined by American ecologist Garrett Hardin in 1968.

coinage

One theory, known as the tragedy of the commons, holds that people will exploit and abuse something in which they have no ownership stake.

1995 May 7, Timothy Egan, “Let the Owner Beware”, in New York Times, retrieved 2012-07-04:

Overfishing is the classic tragedy of the commons. Since no single nation "owns" the high seas, they exploit it without restraint and without thought to sustainability.

2010 November 18, “Troubles as deep as the oceans lie ahead”, in The Independent, UK, retrieved 2012-07-04:

The economist Elinor Ostrom, who is on our list this year, has written about the tragedy of the commons, which is the idea that self-interest can undermine the common good.

2012 April 18, Richard Stengel, “Editor's Letter: A World of Possibilities”, in Time, archived from the original on 2013-02-04:

(ecology, economics, politics, social criticism) A situation in which unmanaged use of a shared resource (such as the atmosphere or an ocean) by a number of participants results in the unintended ruin or total consumption of that resource.


metaboblogaeth

cy-noun

metaboblogaeth f (plural metaboblogaethau)

metaboblogaethau (plural)
metaboblogaeth
fetaboblogaeth (soft)


PHA

Coordinate term: PHC

potentially hazardous asteroid
potentially hazardous asteroid#English

(astronomy, ecology, geology) Initialism of potentially hazardous asteroid.


big six

(ecology) The six elements most used by life: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.


megadiverse

/ˌmɛɡədaɪˈvɜːs/

/ˌmɛɡədaɪˈvɝs/

From mega- (prefix meaning ‘very large, great’) + diverse, possibly modelled after biodiverse.

prefix

High rates of conversion [of natural habitats to agriculture] have clear implications for biodiversity loss. Of special concern are rates of conversion in the so-called megadiverse states: areas identified as being of high species endemism.

1994, David Pearce, Dominic Moran, “Saving Biodiversity: An Overview of the Causal Factors”, in The Economic Value of Biodiversity, London: Earthscan Publications, published 1997, →ISBN, page 19:

Mexico is one of the 12 megadiverse countries. While 1.3% of the land in the world, it hosts about 12% of the known terrestrial biota with very high endemicity.

2003, “Nature and Biodiversity Management”, in OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Mexico, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, →ISBN, box 5.2 (A Megadiverse Country), page 105:

[…] Australia is the only developed nation, with the exception of Mexico, among the dozen or so regions which have been recognized as ‘megadiverse’, that is, having extensive total biodiversity.

2004, Natalie P. Stoianoff, Tom Fox, “Managing Access to Australia’s Biological Resources – Issues in Developing a National Approach”, in Natalie P. Stoianoff, editor, Accessing Biological Resources: Complying with the Convention on Biological Diversity (International Environmental Law and Policy Series), The Hague, London: Kluwer Law International, →ISBN, page 93:

Pioneering global cross-mappings of the distributions of biodiversity and linguistic diversity (taken as a proxy for cultural diversity as a whole) provided independent support for this conclusion, revealing significant geographic overlaps between the two diversities, especially in the tropics, and a strong coincidence between biologically and linguistically megadiverse countries[…].

2007, Luisa Maffi, “Biocultural Diversity and Sustainability”, in Jules Pretty et al., editors, The SAGE Handbook of Environment and Society, London, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 268, column 2:

In megadiverse regions such as the Andes-Amazon, managing these matters and developing wise programs for conserving natural resources is a huge undertaking, requiring the efforts of an array of individuals with widely diverse expertise.

2010, Fernando Cornejo, John Janovec, “Introduction”, in Seeds of Amazonian Plants (Princeton Field Guides), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page xv, column 1:

This method is applied to the case of New Caledonia, a megadiverse island with all locations equally rich in microendemic species and where phylogenetic diversity is especially helpful to determine conservation priorities among sites.

2016, Roseli Pellens, Philippe Grandcolas, “Phylogenetics and Conservation Biology: Drawing a Path into the Diversity of Life”, in Roseli Pellens, Philippe Grandcolas, editors, Biodiversity Conservation and Phylogenetic Systematics: Preserving Our Evolutionary Heritage in an Extinction Crisis (Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation; 14), Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 9:

South Africa, covering only 0.8% of the earth's terrestrial area, is one of the planet's 18 "megadiverse countries", defined by Conservation International as nations that harbour the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species.

2020, Brian W. van Wilgen, John Measey, David M[ark] Richardson, John R. Wilson, Tsungai A. Zengeya, “Biological Invasions in South Africa: An Overview”, in Brian W. van Wilgen et al., editors, Biological Invasions in South Africa (Invading Nature – Springer Series in Invasion Ecology; 14), Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, section 1.1.1 (A Rich and Varied Biodiversity), page 4:

Countries from the global south, including Brazil, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo – mega-diverse countries home to the world’s three largest rainforests – wanted governments to agree to the creation of a new biodiversity fund as part of the Montreal pact to pay for new conservation targets.

2022 December 19, Patrick Greenfield, Phoebe Weston, “Cop15: historic deal struck to halt biodiversity loss by 2030”, in The Guardian:

(chiefly ecology) Exhibiting great diversity, especially great biodiversity.

megadiversos

exhibiting great diversity, especially great biodiversity


GEF

The Democratic Republic of the Congo’s negotiator appeared to block the final deal presented by China, telling the plenary that he could not support the agreement in its current form because it did not create a new fund for biodiversity, separate to the existing UN fund, the global environment facility (GEF).

Global Environment Facility
w:Global Environment Facility

(ecology) Initialism of Global Environment Facility.


díghrádaigh

head

díghrádaigh (present analytic díghrádaíonn, future analytic díghrádóidh, verbal noun díghrádú, past participle díghrádaithe)

díghrádaíonn (analytic present)
díghrádóidh (analytic future)
díghrádú (noun-from-verb)
díghrádaithe (participle past)
díghrádaím (first-person indicative present singular)
díghrádaíonn tú (indicative present second-person singular)
díghrádaír (indicative present second-person singular)
díghrádaíonn sé (indicative present singular third-person)
sí (indicative present singular third-person)
díghrádaímid (first-person indicative plural present)
díghrádaíonn muid (first-person indicative plural present)
díghrádaíonn sibh (indicative plural present second-person)
díghrádaíonn siad (indicative plural present third-person)
díghrádaíd (indicative plural present third-person)
a dhíghrádaíonn (indicative present relative)
a dhíghrádaíos (indicative present relative)
a ndíghrádaíonn (indicative present relative)
díghrádaítear (autonomous indicative present)
dhíghrádaigh mé (first-person indicative past singular)
dhíghrádaíos (first-person indicative past singular)
dhíghrádaigh tú (indicative past second-person singular)
dhíghrádaís (indicative past second-person singular)
dhíghrádaigh sé (indicative past singular third-person)
sí (indicative past singular third-person)
dhíghrádaíomar (first-person indicative past plural)
dhíghrádaigh muid (first-person indicative past plural)
dhíghrádaigh sibh (indicative past plural second-person)
dhíghrádaíobhair (indicative past plural second-person)
dhíghrádaigh siad (indicative past plural third-person)
dhíghrádaíodar (indicative past plural third-person)
a dhíghrádaigh (indicative past relative)
ar dhíghrádaigh (indicative past relative)
díghrádaíodh (autonomous indicative past)
dhíghrádaínn (first-person habitual indicative past singular)
ndíghrádaínn‡‡ (first-person habitual indicative past singular)
dhíghrádaíteá (habitual indicative past second-person singular)
ndíghrádaíteá‡‡ (habitual indicative past second-person singular)
dhíghrádaíodh sé (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
sí (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
ndíghrádaíodh sé (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
sí‡‡ (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
dhíghrádaímis (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
dhíghrádaíodh muid (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
ndíghrádaímis‡‡ (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
ndíghrádaíodh muid‡‡ (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
dhíghrádaíodh sibh (habitual indicative past plural second-person)
ndíghrádaíodh sibh‡‡ (habitual indicative past plural second-person)
dhíghrádaídís (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
dhíghrádaíodh siad (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
ndíghrádaídís‡‡ (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
ndíghrádaíodh siad‡‡ (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
a dhíghrádaíodh (habitual indicative past relative)
a ndíghrádaíodh (habitual indicative past relative)
dhíghrádaítí (autonomous habitual indicative past)
ndíghrádaítí‡‡ (autonomous habitual indicative past)
díghrádóidh mé (first-person future singular)
díghrádód (first-person future singular)
díghrádóchaidh mé (first-person future singular)
díghrádóidh tú (future second-person singular)
díghrádóir (future second-person singular)
díghrádóchaidh tú (future second-person singular)
díghrádóidh sé (future singular third-person)
sí (future singular third-person)
díghrádóchaidh sé (future singular third-person)
díghrádóimid (first-person future plural)
díghrádóidh muid (first-person future plural)
díghrádóchaimid (first-person future plural)
díghrádóchaidh muid (first-person future plural)
díghrádóidh sibh (future plural second-person)
díghrádóchaidh sibh (future plural second-person)
díghrádóidh siad (future plural third-person)
díghrádóid (future plural third-person)
díghrádóchaidh siad (future plural third-person)
a dhíghrádóidh (future relative)
a dhíghrádós (future relative)
a dhíghrádóchaidh (future relative)
a dhíghrádóchas (future relative)
a ndíghrádóidh (future relative)
a ndíghrádóchaidh (future relative)
díghrádófar (autonomous future)
díghrádóchar (autonomous future)
dhíghrádóinn (conditional first-person singular)
dhíghrádóchainn (conditional first-person singular)
ndíghrádóinn‡‡ (conditional first-person singular)
ndíghrádóchainn^†‡‡ (conditional first-person singular)
dhíghrádófá (conditional second-person singular)
dhíghrádóchthá (conditional second-person singular)
ndíghrádófá‡‡ (conditional second-person singular)
ndíghrádóchthá^†‡‡ (conditional second-person singular)
dhíghrádódh sé (conditional singular third-person)
sí (conditional singular third-person)
dhíghrádóchadh sé (conditional singular third-person)
ndíghrádódh sé (conditional singular third-person)
sí‡‡ (conditional singular third-person)
ndíghrádóchadh sé (conditional singular third-person)
sí^†‡‡ (conditional singular third-person)
dhíghrádóimis (conditional first-person plural)
dhíghrádódh muid (conditional first-person plural)
dhíghrádóchaimis (conditional first-person plural)
dhíghrádóchadh muid (conditional first-person plural)
ndíghrádóimis‡‡ (conditional first-person plural)
ndíghrádódh muid‡‡ (conditional first-person plural)
ndíghrádóchaimis^†‡‡ (conditional first-person plural)
ndíghrádóchadh muid^†‡‡ (conditional first-person plural)
dhíghrádódh sibh (conditional plural second-person)
dhíghrádóchadh sibh (conditional plural second-person)
ndíghrádódh sibh‡‡ (conditional plural second-person)
ndíghrádóchadh sibh^†‡‡ (conditional plural second-person)
dhíghrádóidís (conditional plural third-person)
dhíghrádódh siad (conditional plural third-person)
dhíghrádóchadh siad (conditional plural third-person)
ndíghrádóidís‡‡ (conditional plural third-person)
ndíghrádódh siad‡‡ (conditional plural third-person)
ndíghrádóchadh siad^†‡‡ (conditional plural third-person)
a dhíghrádódh (conditional relative)
a dhíghrádóchadh (conditional relative)
a ndíghrádódh (conditional relative)
a ndíghrádóchadh (conditional relative)
dhíghrádófaí (autonomous conditional)
dhíghrádóchthaí (autonomous conditional)
ndíghrádófaí‡‡ (autonomous conditional)
ndíghrádóchthaí^†‡‡ (autonomous conditional)
go ndíghrádaí mé (first-person present singular subjunctive)
go ndíghrádaíod (first-person present singular subjunctive)
go ndíghrádaí tú (present second-person singular subjunctive)
go ndíghrádaír (present second-person singular subjunctive)
go ndíghrádaí sé (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sí (present singular subjunctive third-person)
go ndíghrádaímid (first-person plural present subjunctive)
go ndíghrádaí muid (first-person plural present subjunctive)
go ndíghrádaí sibh (plural present second-person subjunctive)
go ndíghrádaí siad (plural present subjunctive third-person)
go ndíghrádaíd (plural present subjunctive third-person)
go ndíghrádaítear (autonomous present subjunctive)
dá ndíghrádaínn (first-person past singular subjunctive)
dá ndíghrádaíteá (past second-person singular subjunctive)
dá ndíghrádaíodh sé (past singular subjunctive third-person)
sí (past singular subjunctive third-person)
dá ndíghrádaímis (first-person past plural subjunctive)
dá ndíghrádaíodh muid (first-person past plural subjunctive)
dá ndíghrádaíodh sibh (past plural second-person subjunctive)
dá ndíghrádaídís (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dá ndíghrádaíodh siad (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dá ndíghrádaítí (autonomous past subjunctive)
díghrádaím (first-person imperative singular)
díghrádaigh (imperative second-person singular)
díghrádaíodh sé (imperative singular third-person)
sí (imperative singular third-person)
díghrádaímis (first-person imperative plural)
díghrádaígí (imperative plural second-person)
díghrádaídh (imperative plural second-person)
díghrádaídís (imperative plural third-person)
díghrádaítear (autonomous imperative)
díghrádú (noun-from-verb)
díghrádaithe (participle past)
díghrádaigh
dhíghrádaigh
ndíghrádaigh

From dí- (“de-, dis-”) + grád (“grade”) + -igh.

af

(transitive, computing, ecology, military, etc.) degrade


ekoloģe

lv-noun

ekoloģe f (5th declension, masculine form: ekologs)

ekologs (masculine)
ekoloģe (nominative singular)
ekoloģes (nominative plural)
ekoloģi (accusative singular)
ekoloģes (accusative plural)
ekoloģes (genitive singular)
ekoloģu (genitive plural)
ekoloģei (dative singular)
ekoloģēm (dative plural)
ekoloģi (instrumental singular)
ekoloģēm (instrumental plural)
ekoloģē (locative singular)
ekoloģēs (locative plural)
ekoloģe (singular vocative)
ekoloģes (plural vocative)

From ekologs (“ekologist”) + -e (“fem.”) (with palatalization of g to ģ).

(female) ecologist (a specialist in ecology)


ekoloģija

ekoloģija (nominative singular)
ekoloģiju (accusative singular)
ekoloģijas (genitive singular)
ekoloģijai (dative singular)
ekoloģiju (instrumental singular)
ekoloģijā (locative singular)
ekoloģija (singular vocative)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos, “house”) and λόγος (lógos, “speech, oration, study”) + -ija.

augu un dzīvnieku ekoloģija

ecology (system of interrelations between living organisms and their environment)

ar to tagad nodarbojas jauna zinātne: ekoloģija

with that (such topics) a new science is engaged: ecology

ecology (science that studies these interrelations)


ekoloģisks

head

ekoloģisks (definite ekoloģiskais, comparative ekoloģiskāks, superlative visekoloģiskākais, adverb ekoloģiski)

ekoloģiskais (definite)
ekoloģiskāks (comparative)
visekoloģiskākais (superlative)
ekoloģiski (adverb)
ekoloģisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ekoloģiski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ekoloģiska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ekoloģiskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ekoloģisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ekoloģiskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ekoloģisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ekoloģiskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ekoloģiska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ekoloģisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ekoloģiskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ekoloģisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ekoloģiskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ekoloģiskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ekoloģiskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ekoloģiskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ekoloģisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ekoloģiskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ekoloģisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ekoloģiskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ekoloģiskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ekoloģiskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ekoloģiskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ekoloģiskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From ekoloģija (“ecology”) + -isks. Probably not derived as such in Latvian, but borrowed and adapted from another European language.

ekoloģiski pētījumi

ecological (relating to the science of ecology)


paleoendemic

(ecology) That has been endemic in a region for a very long time (but is now more restricted)


piosphere

(ecology) The zone of influence of grazing on a region's vegetation and soil.


macroherbivore

(ecology) Any large herbivore (over approximately 500 kilograms in weight)


waterpoint

Animals in good condition and not subjected to physical stress (such as having to transhume or walk far between pastures and waterpoints) usually suffer considerably less than animals on a poor nutritional level and having to expend much physical energy.

1990, M. M. H. Sewell, D. W. Brocklesby, Handbook on Animal Diseases in the Tropics, page 46:

(ecology) A place (such as a watering hole) where water is available to local wildlife.


mesoherbivore

(ecology) Any medium-sized herbivore (approximately between 50 and 500 kilograms in weight)


intraguild

Within a trophic guild; especially (ecology) describing such a form of competitive predation.


environmental audit

en-noun

environmental audit (plural environmental audits)

(business, ecology) A set of evaluations conducted to measure the compliance of a legal entity with the environmental legislation and provide its management with recommendations on improving the environmental indicators.


macrosympatric

(ecology, of species) Occurring together in large overlapping areas


micropolluant

« Micropolluant » – à lui seul, avant même d’avoir été défini, le mot éveille des craintes. Il évoque des substances tapies dans l’ombre, trop petites pour être vues, trop diluées pour être senties, myriades de molécules sournoisement embusquées dans notre environnement quotidien, ourdissant d’obscurs complots contre notre bien-être.

2011, Nathalie Chèvre, Suren Erkman, Alerte aux micropolluants, Lausanne: Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, →ISBN, page 5:

"Micropollutant" — by itself, before even having been defined, the word awakens fear. It evokes substances hiding in the shadows, too small to be seen, too dilute to be smelled, myriads of molecules slyly waiting in ambush in our daily environment, weaving obscure plots against our well-being.


micropollutant

“The long-term effect of air pollution by acid-formers like sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, heavy metals and organic micropollutants means the poisoning of the ecosphere and the hydrosphere,” Professor Ulrich said.

1983 June 29, Dudley Clendinen, quoting Bernhard Ulrich, “Concern On Acid Rain Extending To Public Health”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

On the other hand, intermittent loading of an adsorbable micropollutant can result in significant short-term removal, because the accumulated biomass in the reactor can take up the micropollutant until equilibrium is reached.

2013, Jiri Hrubec, Water Pollution: Drinking Water and Drinking Water Treatment, Springer, →ISBN, page 43:

(ecology) Any pollutant that has a toxic effect at very small concentrations.


mesology

mesology (countable and uncountable, plural mesologies)

From meso- + -logy; a compound with components derived from Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, “meso-, middle”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study”). The term arose in various European languages c. 1850, but did not exist in Ancient Greek.

uder

Apart from genetics the mesology bears a great influence on the physical body.

The study of the mutual interrelationships between organisms and their environment; branch of biology; former term for ecology.


PEA

en-noun

PEA (countable and uncountable, plural PEAs)

(ecology) Initialism of preliminary ecological appraisal.


epibenthic

(ecology) That lives on the surface of sediments at the bottom of the sea


profundal

However, if some of the bottom area has fine-grained sediments and is free of all conspicuous plants and algae, this area is often considered the profundal zone.

C. staphylinus is common and abundant in northern Europe and the USA, and is found in permanent shallow ponds, rivers and the littoral zone of lakes. It occurs also in deep alpine lakes, but not in the profundal zone.

1997, A. D. Ansell, R. N. Gibson, Margaret Barnes, Oceanography And Marine Biology, volume 35, page 279:

The profundal zone consists largely of two feeding guilds, benthivores and carnivores (predators), at least in oligotrophic and mesotrophic lakes.

2004, Gerald L. Mackie, Gerry L. Mackie, Applied Aquatic Ecosystem Concepts, page 510:

(aquatic ecology) Relating to the deep zone of an inland body of water where very little sunlight penetrates; located between the limnetic and the benthic zones.


profundal

The ratio of Oligochaeta/Chironomidae was similar to those in profundals of oligotrophic lakes.

1982 October 20, Jukka Särkkä, “On the ecology of littoral Oligochaeta of an oligotrophic Finnish lake”, in Ecography, →DOI:

The role of chironomids was, in general, important in the profundal of the reservoirs.

1992 June 20, Esa Koskenniemi, “The role of chironomids (Diptera) in the profundal macrozoobenthos in Finnish reservoirs”, in Netherland Journal of Aquatic Ecology, →DOI:

Tubifex (Peloscolex) nomurai, which was recorded from profundal bottoms deeper than 400 m in Lake Tazawa, is the only species identified solely from the profundal of oliogotrophic caldera lakes.

2001 November 20, Akifumi Ohtaka, “Oligochaetes in Lake Towada, Japan, an oligotrophic caldera”, in Hydrobiologia, →DOI:

(aquatic ecology) Short for profundal zone.


biostat

(ecology) A container in which organisms are kept in a controlled environment


antipredation

antipredation strategies of marine worms


epibiota

(ecology) The organisms that live on the surface of another one


sympatrically

en-adv

sympatrically (comparative more sympatrically, superlative most sympatrically)

more sympatrically (comparative)
most sympatrically (superlative)

(ecology) in the same or overlapping geographical areas


landcover

en-noun

landcover (countable and uncountable, plural landcovers)

(geology, ecology) Any natural or man-made material that covers the land surface of the Earth.


métapopulation

fr-noun

métapopulation f (plural métapopulations)


bioprovince

(ecology) A biozone that is a subdivision of a bioregion.


paleohabitat

(ecology, archaeology) An extinct habitat that can only be reconstructed from fossils


bionomics

The study of an organism and its relation to its environment; ecology.


surface layer

(ecology) The layer of surface water that forms a boundary between sea and air


paratenic

From Ancient Greek πᾰρᾰτείνω (parateínō, “to stretch out along, beside or near; to continue life, live”) + -ic, from πᾰρᾰ- (para-, “beside, by”) + τείνω (teínō, “to stretch, pull tight”).

af

(ecology, of a host) Not needed for the development of the parasite, but nevertheless serving to maintain the parasite's life cycle.