convivium

(ecology) A geographically isolated population of a species that shows differentiation from other populations of the same species; becomes a subspecies or ecotype


carrying capacity

en-noun

carrying capacity (plural carrying capacities)

With their populations adjusted to the carrying capacity of the environment, hunters and gatherers rarely starve, for they are not dependent on the fortunes of a single crop.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 120:

(ecology) The number of individuals of a particular species that an environment can support.

環境承載力

number of individuals that an environment can support


consociation

consociation (countable and uncountable, plural consociations)

PIE word
 *ḱóm
Borrowed from Latin cōnsociātiōnem, the accusative singular of cōnsociātiō (“alliance; association, union”), from cōnsociō (“to make common; to associate; to connect, join (in), unite; to agree with; to share”) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or the results of actions). Cōnsociō is derived from con- (prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several things) + sociō (“to ally, associate; to join, unite; to share in”) (from socius (“associated; joining in, sharing, partaking; akin, kindred, related; allied, confederate, leagued, united”, adjective), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”)).

der

(countable, ecology) A subdivision of an association, made up chiefly of organisms of a single species.


Allee effect

From Warder Clyde Allee, American ecologist.

(ecology) The negative population growth observed at low population densities.


yhdyskunta

yhdyskunta (nominative singular)
yhdyskunnat (nominative plural)
yhdyskunta (accusative nominative singular)
yhdyskunnat (accusative nominative plural)
yhdyskunnan (accusative genitive singular)
yhdyskunnat (accusative genitive plural)
yhdyskunnan (genitive singular)
yhdyskuntien (genitive plural)
yhdyskuntain (genitive plural rare)
yhdyskuntaa (partitive singular)
yhdyskuntia (partitive plural)
yhdyskunnassa (inessive singular)
yhdyskunnissa (inessive plural)
yhdyskunnasta (elative singular)
yhdyskunnista (elative plural)
yhdyskuntaan (illative singular)
yhdyskuntiin (illative plural)
yhdyskunnalla (adessive singular)
yhdyskunnilla (adessive plural)
yhdyskunnalta (ablative singular)
yhdyskunnilta (ablative plural)
yhdyskunnalle (allative singular)
yhdyskunnille (allative plural)
yhdyskuntana (essive singular)
yhdyskuntina (essive plural)
yhdyskunnaksi (singular translative)
yhdyskunniksi (plural translative)
yhdyskunnatta (abessive singular)
yhdyskunnitta (abessive plural)
yhdyskunnin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
yhdyskuntani (nominative singular)
yhdyskuntani (nominative plural)
yhdyskuntani (accusative nominative singular)
yhdyskuntani (accusative nominative plural)
yhdyskuntani (accusative genitive singular)
yhdyskuntani (accusative genitive plural)
yhdyskuntani (genitive singular)
yhdyskuntieni (genitive plural)
yhdyskuntaini (genitive plural rare)
yhdyskuntaani (partitive singular)
yhdyskuntiani (partitive plural)
yhdyskunnassani (inessive singular)
yhdyskunnissani (inessive plural)
yhdyskunnastani (elative singular)
yhdyskunnistani (elative plural)
yhdyskuntaani (illative singular)
yhdyskuntiini (illative plural)
yhdyskunnallani (adessive singular)
yhdyskunnillani (adessive plural)
yhdyskunnaltani (ablative singular)
yhdyskunniltani (ablative plural)
yhdyskunnalleni (allative singular)
yhdyskunnilleni (allative plural)
yhdyskuntanani (essive singular)
yhdyskuntinani (essive plural)
yhdyskunnakseni (singular translative)
yhdyskunnikseni (plural translative)
yhdyskunnattani (abessive singular)
yhdyskunnittani (abessive plural)
yhdyskuntineni (comitative plural)
yhdyskuntasi (nominative singular)
yhdyskuntasi (nominative plural)
yhdyskuntasi (accusative nominative singular)
yhdyskuntasi (accusative nominative plural)
yhdyskuntasi (accusative genitive singular)
yhdyskuntasi (accusative genitive plural)
yhdyskuntasi (genitive singular)
yhdyskuntiesi (genitive plural)
yhdyskuntaisi (genitive plural rare)
yhdyskuntaasi (partitive singular)
yhdyskuntiasi (partitive plural)
yhdyskunnassasi (inessive singular)
yhdyskunnissasi (inessive plural)
yhdyskunnastasi (elative singular)
yhdyskunnistasi (elative plural)
yhdyskuntaasi (illative singular)
yhdyskuntiisi (illative plural)
yhdyskunnallasi (adessive singular)
yhdyskunnillasi (adessive plural)
yhdyskunnaltasi (ablative singular)
yhdyskunniltasi (ablative plural)
yhdyskunnallesi (allative singular)
yhdyskunnillesi (allative plural)
yhdyskuntanasi (essive singular)
yhdyskuntinasi (essive plural)
yhdyskunnaksesi (singular translative)
yhdyskunniksesi (plural translative)
yhdyskunnattasi (abessive singular)
yhdyskunnittasi (abessive plural)
yhdyskuntinesi (comitative plural)
yhdyskuntamme (nominative singular)
yhdyskuntamme (nominative plural)
yhdyskuntamme (accusative nominative singular)
yhdyskuntamme (accusative nominative plural)
yhdyskuntamme (accusative genitive singular)
yhdyskuntamme (accusative genitive plural)
yhdyskuntamme (genitive singular)
yhdyskuntiemme (genitive plural)
yhdyskuntaimme (genitive plural rare)
yhdyskuntaamme (partitive singular)
yhdyskuntiamme (partitive plural)
yhdyskunnassamme (inessive singular)
yhdyskunnissamme (inessive plural)
yhdyskunnastamme (elative singular)
yhdyskunnistamme (elative plural)
yhdyskuntaamme (illative singular)
yhdyskuntiimme (illative plural)
yhdyskunnallamme (adessive singular)
yhdyskunnillamme (adessive plural)
yhdyskunnaltamme (ablative singular)
yhdyskunniltamme (ablative plural)
yhdyskunnallemme (allative singular)
yhdyskunnillemme (allative plural)
yhdyskuntanamme (essive singular)
yhdyskuntinamme (essive plural)
yhdyskunnaksemme (singular translative)
yhdyskunniksemme (plural translative)
yhdyskunnattamme (abessive singular)
yhdyskunnittamme (abessive plural)
yhdyskuntinemme (comitative plural)
yhdyskuntanne (nominative singular)
yhdyskuntanne (nominative plural)
yhdyskuntanne (accusative nominative singular)
yhdyskuntanne (accusative nominative plural)
yhdyskuntanne (accusative genitive singular)
yhdyskuntanne (accusative genitive plural)
yhdyskuntanne (genitive singular)
yhdyskuntienne (genitive plural)
yhdyskuntainne (genitive plural rare)
yhdyskuntaanne (partitive singular)
yhdyskuntianne (partitive plural)
yhdyskunnassanne (inessive singular)
yhdyskunnissanne (inessive plural)
yhdyskunnastanne (elative singular)
yhdyskunnistanne (elative plural)
yhdyskuntaanne (illative singular)
yhdyskuntiinne (illative plural)
yhdyskunnallanne (adessive singular)
yhdyskunnillanne (adessive plural)
yhdyskunnaltanne (ablative singular)
yhdyskunniltanne (ablative plural)
yhdyskunnallenne (allative singular)
yhdyskunnillenne (allative plural)
yhdyskuntananne (essive singular)
yhdyskuntinanne (essive plural)
yhdyskunnaksenne (singular translative)
yhdyskunniksenne (plural translative)
yhdyskunnattanne (abessive singular)
yhdyskunnittanne (abessive plural)
yhdyskuntinenne (comitative plural)
yhdyskuntansa (nominative singular)
yhdyskuntansa (nominative plural)
yhdyskuntansa (accusative nominative singular)
yhdyskuntansa (accusative nominative plural)
yhdyskuntansa (accusative genitive singular)
yhdyskuntansa (accusative genitive plural)
yhdyskuntansa (genitive singular)
yhdyskuntiensa (genitive plural)
yhdyskuntainsa (genitive plural rare)
yhdyskuntaansa (partitive singular)
yhdyskuntiaan (partitive plural)
yhdyskuntiansa (partitive plural)
yhdyskunnassaan (inessive singular)
yhdyskunnassansa (inessive singular)
yhdyskunnissaan (inessive plural)
yhdyskunnissansa (inessive plural)
yhdyskunnastaan (elative singular)
yhdyskunnastansa (elative singular)
yhdyskunnistaan (elative plural)
yhdyskunnistansa (elative plural)
yhdyskuntaansa (illative singular)
yhdyskuntiinsa (illative plural)
yhdyskunnallaan (adessive singular)
yhdyskunnallansa (adessive singular)
yhdyskunnillaan (adessive plural)
yhdyskunnillansa (adessive plural)
yhdyskunnaltaan (ablative singular)
yhdyskunnaltansa (ablative singular)
yhdyskunniltaan (ablative plural)
yhdyskunniltansa (ablative plural)
yhdyskunnalleen (allative singular)
yhdyskunnallensa (allative singular)
yhdyskunnilleen (allative plural)
yhdyskunnillensa (allative plural)
yhdyskuntanaan (essive singular)
yhdyskuntanansa (essive singular)
yhdyskuntinaan (essive plural)
yhdyskuntinansa (essive plural)
yhdyskunnakseen (singular translative)
yhdyskunnaksensa (singular translative)
yhdyskunnikseen (plural translative)
yhdyskunniksensa (plural translative)
yhdyskunnattaan (abessive singular)
yhdyskunnattansa (abessive singular)
yhdyskunnittaan (abessive plural)
yhdyskunnittansa (abessive plural)
yhdyskuntineen (comitative plural)
yhdyskuntinensa (comitative plural)

(ecology) community (group of interdependent organisms)


mycorrhiza

en-noun

mycorrhiza (plural mycorrhizas or mycorrhizae)

mycorrhizas (plural)
mycorrhizae (plural)

From myco- + Ancient Greek ῥίζα (rhíza, “root”).

prefix

Alternatively, inoculations of a disturbed site with native or exotic fungi facilitate formation of mycorrhizae in a shorter period, given certain circumstances.

2004, Season R. Snyder, Michael F. Allen, Restoration of Micorrhizae in Arid Environments, Dilip K. Arora (editor), Fungal Biotechnology in Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Applications, Marce Dekker, Inc., page 481

This has been associated with advances in different research disciplines such as genetics, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and physiology, advances which have generated better insight into topics of mycorrhizal biology, including the mechanisms of host-mycorrhiza interactions pre- and post-penetration, the influence of the symbiosis on the host and its surroundings, and the evolution and diversity of mycorrhization.

2010, Hinanit Koltai, Yoram Kapulnik, editors, Arbuscular Mycorrhizas: Physiology and Function, 2nd edition, Springer, page v:

In total, mycorrhizae are responsible for helping source the nutrients for about 80 per cent of all modern plant species.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 210:

(ecology, botany, mycology) A plant root formed in symbiosis with a fungus; the symbiosis between the mycelium of a fungus and the roots of a plant.

грыбакорань

symbiotic relationship between the mycelium of a fungus and the roots of a plant


保育

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iɔk̚²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚¹²¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚⁴/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ iok̚⁴/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iɔk̚²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚¹²¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚⁴/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ iok̚⁴/


amensalism

Trophic group amensalism in the form of the broadened mobile vs. sessile distinction also plays an important part in the Woodin (1976) general model of how adult-larval interactions structure soft-sediment communities at high density.

2001, J.N. Kraeuter, Biology of the Hard Clam, page 426:

(ecology) A form of biological or ecological interaction or relationship in which one species is harmed or impeded and the other is unaffected.


havumetsä

havumetsä (nominative singular)
havumetsät (nominative plural)
havumetsä (accusative nominative singular)
havumetsät (accusative nominative plural)
havumetsän (accusative genitive singular)
havumetsät (accusative genitive plural)
havumetsän (genitive singular)
havumetsien (genitive plural)
havumetsäin (genitive plural rare)
havumetsää (partitive singular)
havumetsiä (partitive plural)
havumetsässä (inessive singular)
havumetsissä (inessive plural)
havumetsästä (elative singular)
havumetsistä (elative plural)
havumetsään (illative singular)
havumetsiin (illative plural)
havumetsällä (adessive singular)
havumetsillä (adessive plural)
havumetsältä (ablative singular)
havumetsiltä (ablative plural)
havumetsälle (allative singular)
havumetsille (allative plural)
havumetsänä (essive singular)
havumetsinä (essive plural)
havumetsäksi (singular translative)
havumetsiksi (plural translative)
havumetsättä (abessive singular)
havumetsittä (abessive plural)
havumetsin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
havumetsäni (nominative singular)
havumetsäni (nominative plural)
havumetsäni (accusative nominative singular)
havumetsäni (accusative nominative plural)
havumetsäni (accusative genitive singular)
havumetsäni (accusative genitive plural)
havumetsäni (genitive singular)
havumetsieni (genitive plural)
havumetsäini (genitive plural rare)
havumetsääni (partitive singular)
havumetsiäni (partitive plural)
havumetsässäni (inessive singular)
havumetsissäni (inessive plural)
havumetsästäni (elative singular)
havumetsistäni (elative plural)
havumetsääni (illative singular)
havumetsiini (illative plural)
havumetsälläni (adessive singular)
havumetsilläni (adessive plural)
havumetsältäni (ablative singular)
havumetsiltäni (ablative plural)
havumetsälleni (allative singular)
havumetsilleni (allative plural)
havumetsänäni (essive singular)
havumetsinäni (essive plural)
havumetsäkseni (singular translative)
havumetsikseni (plural translative)
havumetsättäni (abessive singular)
havumetsittäni (abessive plural)
havumetsineni (comitative plural)
havumetsäsi (nominative singular)
havumetsäsi (nominative plural)
havumetsäsi (accusative nominative singular)
havumetsäsi (accusative nominative plural)
havumetsäsi (accusative genitive singular)
havumetsäsi (accusative genitive plural)
havumetsäsi (genitive singular)
havumetsiesi (genitive plural)
havumetsäisi (genitive plural rare)
havumetsääsi (partitive singular)
havumetsiäsi (partitive plural)
havumetsässäsi (inessive singular)
havumetsissäsi (inessive plural)
havumetsästäsi (elative singular)
havumetsistäsi (elative plural)
havumetsääsi (illative singular)
havumetsiisi (illative plural)
havumetsälläsi (adessive singular)
havumetsilläsi (adessive plural)
havumetsältäsi (ablative singular)
havumetsiltäsi (ablative plural)
havumetsällesi (allative singular)
havumetsillesi (allative plural)
havumetsänäsi (essive singular)
havumetsinäsi (essive plural)
havumetsäksesi (singular translative)
havumetsiksesi (plural translative)
havumetsättäsi (abessive singular)
havumetsittäsi (abessive plural)
havumetsinesi (comitative plural)
havumetsämme (nominative singular)
havumetsämme (nominative plural)
havumetsämme (accusative nominative singular)
havumetsämme (accusative nominative plural)
havumetsämme (accusative genitive singular)
havumetsämme (accusative genitive plural)
havumetsämme (genitive singular)
havumetsiemme (genitive plural)
havumetsäimme (genitive plural rare)
havumetsäämme (partitive singular)
havumetsiämme (partitive plural)
havumetsässämme (inessive singular)
havumetsissämme (inessive plural)
havumetsästämme (elative singular)
havumetsistämme (elative plural)
havumetsäämme (illative singular)
havumetsiimme (illative plural)
havumetsällämme (adessive singular)
havumetsillämme (adessive plural)
havumetsältämme (ablative singular)
havumetsiltämme (ablative plural)
havumetsällemme (allative singular)
havumetsillemme (allative plural)
havumetsänämme (essive singular)
havumetsinämme (essive plural)
havumetsäksemme (singular translative)
havumetsiksemme (plural translative)
havumetsättämme (abessive singular)
havumetsittämme (abessive plural)
havumetsinemme (comitative plural)
havumetsänne (nominative singular)
havumetsänne (nominative plural)
havumetsänne (accusative nominative singular)
havumetsänne (accusative nominative plural)
havumetsänne (accusative genitive singular)
havumetsänne (accusative genitive plural)
havumetsänne (genitive singular)
havumetsienne (genitive plural)
havumetsäinne (genitive plural rare)
havumetsäänne (partitive singular)
havumetsiänne (partitive plural)
havumetsässänne (inessive singular)
havumetsissänne (inessive plural)
havumetsästänne (elative singular)
havumetsistänne (elative plural)
havumetsäänne (illative singular)
havumetsiinne (illative plural)
havumetsällänne (adessive singular)
havumetsillänne (adessive plural)
havumetsältänne (ablative singular)
havumetsiltänne (ablative plural)
havumetsällenne (allative singular)
havumetsillenne (allative plural)
havumetsänänne (essive singular)
havumetsinänne (essive plural)
havumetsäksenne (singular translative)
havumetsiksenne (plural translative)
havumetsättänne (abessive singular)
havumetsittänne (abessive plural)
havumetsinenne (comitative plural)
havumetsänsä (nominative singular)
havumetsänsä (nominative plural)
havumetsänsä (accusative nominative singular)
havumetsänsä (accusative nominative plural)
havumetsänsä (accusative genitive singular)
havumetsänsä (accusative genitive plural)
havumetsänsä (genitive singular)
havumetsiensä (genitive plural)
havumetsäinsä (genitive plural rare)
havumetsäänsä (partitive singular)
havumetsiään (partitive plural)
havumetsiänsä (partitive plural)
havumetsässään (inessive singular)
havumetsässänsä (inessive singular)
havumetsissään (inessive plural)
havumetsissänsä (inessive plural)
havumetsästään (elative singular)
havumetsästänsä (elative singular)
havumetsistään (elative plural)
havumetsistänsä (elative plural)
havumetsäänsä (illative singular)
havumetsiinsä (illative plural)
havumetsällään (adessive singular)
havumetsällänsä (adessive singular)
havumetsillään (adessive plural)
havumetsillänsä (adessive plural)
havumetsältään (ablative singular)
havumetsältänsä (ablative singular)
havumetsiltään (ablative plural)
havumetsiltänsä (ablative plural)
havumetsälleen (allative singular)
havumetsällensä (allative singular)
havumetsilleen (allative plural)
havumetsillensä (allative plural)
havumetsänään (essive singular)
havumetsänänsä (essive singular)
havumetsinään (essive plural)
havumetsinänsä (essive plural)
havumetsäkseen (singular translative)
havumetsäksensä (singular translative)
havumetsikseen (plural translative)
havumetsiksensä (plural translative)
havumetsättään (abessive singular)
havumetsättänsä (abessive singular)
havumetsittään (abessive plural)
havumetsittänsä (abessive plural)
havumetsineen (comitative plural)
havumetsinensä (comitative plural)

[ˈhɑ̝ʋuˌme̞ts̠æ]


ekolokero

ekolokero (nominative singular)
ekolokerot (nominative plural)
ekolokero (accusative nominative singular)
ekolokerot (accusative nominative plural)
ekolokeron (accusative genitive singular)
ekolokerot (accusative genitive plural)
ekolokeron (genitive singular)
ekolokerojen (genitive plural)
ekolokeroiden (genitive plural)
ekolokeroitten (genitive plural)
ekolokeroa (partitive singular)
ekolokeroja (partitive plural)
ekolokeroita (partitive plural)
ekolokerossa (inessive singular)
ekolokeroissa (inessive plural)
ekolokerosta (elative singular)
ekolokeroista (elative plural)
ekolokeroon (illative singular)
ekolokeroihin (illative plural)
ekolokerolla (adessive singular)
ekolokeroilla (adessive plural)
ekolokerolta (ablative singular)
ekolokeroilta (ablative plural)
ekolokerolle (allative singular)
ekolokeroille (allative plural)
ekolokerona (essive singular)
ekolokeroina (essive plural)
ekolokeroksi (singular translative)
ekolokeroiksi (plural translative)
ekolokerotta (abessive singular)
ekolokeroitta (abessive plural)
ekolokeroin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
ekolokeroni (nominative singular)
ekolokeroni (nominative plural)
ekolokeroni (accusative nominative singular)
ekolokeroni (accusative nominative plural)
ekolokeroni (accusative genitive singular)
ekolokeroni (accusative genitive plural)
ekolokeroni (genitive singular)
ekolokerojeni (genitive plural)
ekolokeroideni (genitive plural)
ekolokeroitteni (genitive plural)
ekolokeroani (partitive singular)
ekolokerojani (partitive plural)
ekolokeroitani (partitive plural)
ekolokerossani (inessive singular)
ekolokeroissani (inessive plural)
ekolokerostani (elative singular)
ekolokeroistani (elative plural)
ekolokerooni (illative singular)
ekolokeroihini (illative plural)
ekolokerollani (adessive singular)
ekolokeroillani (adessive plural)
ekolokeroltani (ablative singular)
ekolokeroiltani (ablative plural)
ekolokerolleni (allative singular)
ekolokeroilleni (allative plural)
ekolokeronani (essive singular)
ekolokeroinani (essive plural)
ekolokerokseni (singular translative)
ekolokeroikseni (plural translative)
ekolokerottani (abessive singular)
ekolokeroittani (abessive plural)
ekolokeroineni (comitative plural)
ekolokerosi (nominative singular)
ekolokerosi (nominative plural)
ekolokerosi (accusative nominative singular)
ekolokerosi (accusative nominative plural)
ekolokerosi (accusative genitive singular)
ekolokerosi (accusative genitive plural)
ekolokerosi (genitive singular)
ekolokerojesi (genitive plural)
ekolokeroidesi (genitive plural)
ekolokeroittesi (genitive plural)
ekolokeroasi (partitive singular)
ekolokerojasi (partitive plural)
ekolokeroitasi (partitive plural)
ekolokerossasi (inessive singular)
ekolokeroissasi (inessive plural)
ekolokerostasi (elative singular)
ekolokeroistasi (elative plural)
ekolokeroosi (illative singular)
ekolokeroihisi (illative plural)
ekolokerollasi (adessive singular)
ekolokeroillasi (adessive plural)
ekolokeroltasi (ablative singular)
ekolokeroiltasi (ablative plural)
ekolokerollesi (allative singular)
ekolokeroillesi (allative plural)
ekolokeronasi (essive singular)
ekolokeroinasi (essive plural)
ekolokeroksesi (singular translative)
ekolokeroiksesi (plural translative)
ekolokerottasi (abessive singular)
ekolokeroittasi (abessive plural)
ekolokeroinesi (comitative plural)
ekolokeromme (nominative singular)
ekolokeromme (nominative plural)
ekolokeromme (accusative nominative singular)
ekolokeromme (accusative nominative plural)
ekolokeromme (accusative genitive singular)
ekolokeromme (accusative genitive plural)
ekolokeromme (genitive singular)
ekolokerojemme (genitive plural)
ekolokeroidemme (genitive plural)
ekolokeroittemme (genitive plural)
ekolokeroamme (partitive singular)
ekolokerojamme (partitive plural)
ekolokeroitamme (partitive plural)
ekolokerossamme (inessive singular)
ekolokeroissamme (inessive plural)
ekolokerostamme (elative singular)
ekolokeroistamme (elative plural)
ekolokeroomme (illative singular)
ekolokeroihimme (illative plural)
ekolokerollamme (adessive singular)
ekolokeroillamme (adessive plural)
ekolokeroltamme (ablative singular)
ekolokeroiltamme (ablative plural)
ekolokerollemme (allative singular)
ekolokeroillemme (allative plural)
ekolokeronamme (essive singular)
ekolokeroinamme (essive plural)
ekolokeroksemme (singular translative)
ekolokeroiksemme (plural translative)
ekolokerottamme (abessive singular)
ekolokeroittamme (abessive plural)
ekolokeroinemme (comitative plural)
ekolokeronne (nominative singular)
ekolokeronne (nominative plural)
ekolokeronne (accusative nominative singular)
ekolokeronne (accusative nominative plural)
ekolokeronne (accusative genitive singular)
ekolokeronne (accusative genitive plural)
ekolokeronne (genitive singular)
ekolokerojenne (genitive plural)
ekolokeroidenne (genitive plural)
ekolokeroittenne (genitive plural)
ekolokeroanne (partitive singular)
ekolokerojanne (partitive plural)
ekolokeroitanne (partitive plural)
ekolokerossanne (inessive singular)
ekolokeroissanne (inessive plural)
ekolokerostanne (elative singular)
ekolokeroistanne (elative plural)
ekolokeroonne (illative singular)
ekolokeroihinne (illative plural)
ekolokerollanne (adessive singular)
ekolokeroillanne (adessive plural)
ekolokeroltanne (ablative singular)
ekolokeroiltanne (ablative plural)
ekolokerollenne (allative singular)
ekolokeroillenne (allative plural)
ekolokeronanne (essive singular)
ekolokeroinanne (essive plural)
ekolokeroksenne (singular translative)
ekolokeroiksenne (plural translative)
ekolokerottanne (abessive singular)
ekolokeroittanne (abessive plural)
ekolokeroinenne (comitative plural)
ekolokeronsa (nominative singular)
ekolokeronsa (nominative plural)
ekolokeronsa (accusative nominative singular)
ekolokeronsa (accusative nominative plural)
ekolokeronsa (accusative genitive singular)
ekolokeronsa (accusative genitive plural)
ekolokeronsa (genitive singular)
ekolokerojensa (genitive plural)
ekolokeroidensa (genitive plural)
ekolokeroittensa (genitive plural)
ekolokeroaan (partitive singular)
ekolokeroansa (partitive singular)
ekolokerojaan (partitive plural)
ekolokeroitaan (partitive plural)
ekolokerojansa (partitive plural)
ekolokeroitansa (partitive plural)
ekolokerossaan (inessive singular)
ekolokerossansa (inessive singular)
ekolokeroissaan (inessive plural)
ekolokeroissansa (inessive plural)
ekolokerostaan (elative singular)
ekolokerostansa (elative singular)
ekolokeroistaan (elative plural)
ekolokeroistansa (elative plural)
ekolokeroonsa (illative singular)
ekolokeroihinsa (illative plural)
ekolokerollaan (adessive singular)
ekolokerollansa (adessive singular)
ekolokeroillaan (adessive plural)
ekolokeroillansa (adessive plural)
ekolokeroltaan (ablative singular)
ekolokeroltansa (ablative singular)
ekolokeroiltaan (ablative plural)
ekolokeroiltansa (ablative plural)
ekolokerolleen (allative singular)
ekolokerollensa (allative singular)
ekolokeroilleen (allative plural)
ekolokeroillensa (allative plural)
ekolokeronaan (essive singular)
ekolokeronansa (essive singular)
ekolokeroinaan (essive plural)
ekolokeroinansa (essive plural)
ekolokerokseen (singular translative)
ekolokeroksensa (singular translative)
ekolokeroikseen (plural translative)
ekolokeroiksensa (plural translative)
ekolokerottaan (abessive singular)
ekolokerottansa (abessive singular)
ekolokeroittaan (abessive plural)
ekolokeroittansa (abessive plural)
ekolokeroineen (comitative plural)
ekolokeroinensa (comitative plural)


ekologia

ekologia (nominative singular)
ekologiat (nominative plural)
ekologia (accusative nominative singular)
ekologiat (accusative nominative plural)
ekologian (accusative genitive singular)
ekologiat (accusative genitive plural)
ekologian (genitive singular)
ekologioiden (genitive plural)
ekologioitten (genitive plural)
ekologiain (genitive plural rare)
ekologiaa (partitive singular)
ekologioita (partitive plural)
ekologiassa (inessive singular)
ekologioissa (inessive plural)
ekologiasta (elative singular)
ekologioista (elative plural)
ekologiaan (illative singular)
ekologioihin (illative plural)
ekologialla (adessive singular)
ekologioilla (adessive plural)
ekologialta (ablative singular)
ekologioilta (ablative plural)
ekologialle (allative singular)
ekologioille (allative plural)
ekologiana (essive singular)
ekologioina (essive plural)
ekologiaksi (singular translative)
ekologioiksi (plural translative)
ekologiatta (abessive singular)
ekologioitta (abessive plural)
ekologioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
ekologiani (nominative singular)
ekologiani (nominative plural)
ekologiani (accusative nominative singular)
ekologiani (accusative nominative plural)
ekologiani (accusative genitive singular)
ekologiani (accusative genitive plural)
ekologiani (genitive singular)
ekologioideni (genitive plural)
ekologioitteni (genitive plural)
ekologiaini (genitive plural rare)
ekologiaani (partitive singular)
ekologioitani (partitive plural)
ekologiassani (inessive singular)
ekologioissani (inessive plural)
ekologiastani (elative singular)
ekologioistani (elative plural)
ekologiaani (illative singular)
ekologioihini (illative plural)
ekologiallani (adessive singular)
ekologioillani (adessive plural)
ekologialtani (ablative singular)
ekologioiltani (ablative plural)
ekologialleni (allative singular)
ekologioilleni (allative plural)
ekologianani (essive singular)
ekologioinani (essive plural)
ekologiakseni (singular translative)
ekologioikseni (plural translative)
ekologiattani (abessive singular)
ekologioittani (abessive plural)
ekologioineni (comitative plural)
ekologiasi (nominative singular)
ekologiasi (nominative plural)
ekologiasi (accusative nominative singular)
ekologiasi (accusative nominative plural)
ekologiasi (accusative genitive singular)
ekologiasi (accusative genitive plural)
ekologiasi (genitive singular)
ekologioidesi (genitive plural)
ekologioittesi (genitive plural)
ekologiaisi (genitive plural rare)
ekologiaasi (partitive singular)
ekologioitasi (partitive plural)
ekologiassasi (inessive singular)
ekologioissasi (inessive plural)
ekologiastasi (elative singular)
ekologioistasi (elative plural)
ekologiaasi (illative singular)
ekologioihisi (illative plural)
ekologiallasi (adessive singular)
ekologioillasi (adessive plural)
ekologialtasi (ablative singular)
ekologioiltasi (ablative plural)
ekologiallesi (allative singular)
ekologioillesi (allative plural)
ekologianasi (essive singular)
ekologioinasi (essive plural)
ekologiaksesi (singular translative)
ekologioiksesi (plural translative)
ekologiattasi (abessive singular)
ekologioittasi (abessive plural)
ekologioinesi (comitative plural)
ekologiamme (nominative singular)
ekologiamme (nominative plural)
ekologiamme (accusative nominative singular)
ekologiamme (accusative nominative plural)
ekologiamme (accusative genitive singular)
ekologiamme (accusative genitive plural)
ekologiamme (genitive singular)
ekologioidemme (genitive plural)
ekologioittemme (genitive plural)
ekologiaimme (genitive plural rare)
ekologiaamme (partitive singular)
ekologioitamme (partitive plural)
ekologiassamme (inessive singular)
ekologioissamme (inessive plural)
ekologiastamme (elative singular)
ekologioistamme (elative plural)
ekologiaamme (illative singular)
ekologioihimme (illative plural)
ekologiallamme (adessive singular)
ekologioillamme (adessive plural)
ekologialtamme (ablative singular)
ekologioiltamme (ablative plural)
ekologiallemme (allative singular)
ekologioillemme (allative plural)
ekologianamme (essive singular)
ekologioinamme (essive plural)
ekologiaksemme (singular translative)
ekologioiksemme (plural translative)
ekologiattamme (abessive singular)
ekologioittamme (abessive plural)
ekologioinemme (comitative plural)
ekologianne (nominative singular)
ekologianne (nominative plural)
ekologianne (accusative nominative singular)
ekologianne (accusative nominative plural)
ekologianne (accusative genitive singular)
ekologianne (accusative genitive plural)
ekologianne (genitive singular)
ekologioidenne (genitive plural)
ekologioittenne (genitive plural)
ekologiainne (genitive plural rare)
ekologiaanne (partitive singular)
ekologioitanne (partitive plural)
ekologiassanne (inessive singular)
ekologioissanne (inessive plural)
ekologiastanne (elative singular)
ekologioistanne (elative plural)
ekologiaanne (illative singular)
ekologioihinne (illative plural)
ekologiallanne (adessive singular)
ekologioillanne (adessive plural)
ekologialtanne (ablative singular)
ekologioiltanne (ablative plural)
ekologiallenne (allative singular)
ekologioillenne (allative plural)
ekologiananne (essive singular)
ekologioinanne (essive plural)
ekologiaksenne (singular translative)
ekologioiksenne (plural translative)
ekologiattanne (abessive singular)
ekologioittanne (abessive plural)
ekologioinenne (comitative plural)
ekologiansa (nominative singular)
ekologiansa (nominative plural)
ekologiansa (accusative nominative singular)
ekologiansa (accusative nominative plural)
ekologiansa (accusative genitive singular)
ekologiansa (accusative genitive plural)
ekologiansa (genitive singular)
ekologioidensa (genitive plural)
ekologioittensa (genitive plural)
ekologiainsa (genitive plural rare)
ekologiaansa (partitive singular)
ekologioitaan (partitive plural)
ekologioitansa (partitive plural)
ekologiassaan (inessive singular)
ekologiassansa (inessive singular)
ekologioissaan (inessive plural)
ekologioissansa (inessive plural)
ekologiastaan (elative singular)
ekologiastansa (elative singular)
ekologioistaan (elative plural)
ekologioistansa (elative plural)
ekologiaansa (illative singular)
ekologioihinsa (illative plural)
ekologiallaan (adessive singular)
ekologiallansa (adessive singular)
ekologioillaan (adessive plural)
ekologioillansa (adessive plural)
ekologialtaan (ablative singular)
ekologialtansa (ablative singular)
ekologioiltaan (ablative plural)
ekologioiltansa (ablative plural)
ekologialleen (allative singular)
ekologiallensa (allative singular)
ekologioilleen (allative plural)
ekologioillensa (allative plural)
ekologianaan (essive singular)
ekologianansa (essive singular)
ekologioinaan (essive plural)
ekologioinansa (essive plural)
ekologiakseen (singular translative)
ekologiaksensa (singular translative)
ekologioikseen (plural translative)
ekologioiksensa (plural translative)
ekologiattaan (abessive singular)
ekologiattansa (abessive singular)
ekologioittaan (abessive plural)
ekologioittansa (abessive plural)
ekologioineen (comitative plural)
ekologioinensa (comitative plural)

Internationalism, ultimately from German Ökologie. Structurally eko- + -logia.

[ˈe̞ko̞ˌlo̞ɡiɑ̝]


ekologia

ekologia (nominative singular)
ekologii (genitive singular)
ekologii (dative singular)
ekologię (accusative singular)
ekologią (instrumental singular)
ekologii (locative singular)
ekologio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English ecology, French écologie, German Ökologie, ultimately from Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos) + -λογία (-logía). By surface analysis, eko- + -logia.

ecology (branch of biology dealing with the relationships of organisms with their environment and with each other)


calcicole

Any plant that thrives in a soil rich in lime or chalk, but cannot tolerate acidic conditions.


sustainable development

en-noun

sustainable development (countable and uncountable, plural sustainable developments)

(agriculture, ecology) Development which seeks to produce sustainable economic growth while ensuring future generations' ability to do the same by not exceeding the regenerative capacity of nature.

davamlı inkişaf

development seeking to economic growth while ensuring future generations' ability to do the same, by not exceeding natural regenerative capacity


kliimaksi

kliimaksi (nominative singular)
kliimaksit (nominative plural)
kliimaksi (accusative nominative singular)
kliimaksit (accusative nominative plural)
kliimaksin (accusative genitive singular)
kliimaksit (accusative genitive plural)
kliimaksin (genitive singular)
kliimaksien (genitive plural)
kliimaksia (partitive singular)
kliimakseja (partitive plural)
kliimaksissa (inessive singular)
kliimakseissa (inessive plural)
kliimaksista (elative singular)
kliimakseista (elative plural)
kliimaksiin (illative singular)
kliimakseihin (illative plural)
kliimaksilla (adessive singular)
kliimakseilla (adessive plural)
kliimaksilta (ablative singular)
kliimakseilta (ablative plural)
kliimaksille (allative singular)
kliimakseille (allative plural)
kliimaksina (essive singular)
kliimakseina (essive plural)
kliimaksiksi (singular translative)
kliimakseiksi (plural translative)
kliimaksitta (abessive singular)
kliimakseitta (abessive plural)
kliimaksein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kliimaksini (nominative singular)
kliimaksini (nominative plural)
kliimaksini (accusative nominative singular)
kliimaksini (accusative nominative plural)
kliimaksini (accusative genitive singular)
kliimaksini (accusative genitive plural)
kliimaksini (genitive singular)
kliimaksieni (genitive plural)
kliimaksiani (partitive singular)
kliimaksejani (partitive plural)
kliimaksissani (inessive singular)
kliimakseissani (inessive plural)
kliimaksistani (elative singular)
kliimakseistani (elative plural)
kliimaksiini (illative singular)
kliimakseihini (illative plural)
kliimaksillani (adessive singular)
kliimakseillani (adessive plural)
kliimaksiltani (ablative singular)
kliimakseiltani (ablative plural)
kliimaksilleni (allative singular)
kliimakseilleni (allative plural)
kliimaksinani (essive singular)
kliimakseinani (essive plural)
kliimaksikseni (singular translative)
kliimakseikseni (plural translative)
kliimaksittani (abessive singular)
kliimakseittani (abessive plural)
kliimakseineni (comitative plural)
kliimaksisi (nominative singular)
kliimaksisi (nominative plural)
kliimaksisi (accusative nominative singular)
kliimaksisi (accusative nominative plural)
kliimaksisi (accusative genitive singular)
kliimaksisi (accusative genitive plural)
kliimaksisi (genitive singular)
kliimaksiesi (genitive plural)
kliimaksiasi (partitive singular)
kliimaksejasi (partitive plural)
kliimaksissasi (inessive singular)
kliimakseissasi (inessive plural)
kliimaksistasi (elative singular)
kliimakseistasi (elative plural)
kliimaksiisi (illative singular)
kliimakseihisi (illative plural)
kliimaksillasi (adessive singular)
kliimakseillasi (adessive plural)
kliimaksiltasi (ablative singular)
kliimakseiltasi (ablative plural)
kliimaksillesi (allative singular)
kliimakseillesi (allative plural)
kliimaksinasi (essive singular)
kliimakseinasi (essive plural)
kliimaksiksesi (singular translative)
kliimakseiksesi (plural translative)
kliimaksittasi (abessive singular)
kliimakseittasi (abessive plural)
kliimakseinesi (comitative plural)
kliimaksimme (nominative singular)
kliimaksimme (nominative plural)
kliimaksimme (accusative nominative singular)
kliimaksimme (accusative nominative plural)
kliimaksimme (accusative genitive singular)
kliimaksimme (accusative genitive plural)
kliimaksimme (genitive singular)
kliimaksiemme (genitive plural)
kliimaksiamme (partitive singular)
kliimaksejamme (partitive plural)
kliimaksissamme (inessive singular)
kliimakseissamme (inessive plural)
kliimaksistamme (elative singular)
kliimakseistamme (elative plural)
kliimaksiimme (illative singular)
kliimakseihimme (illative plural)
kliimaksillamme (adessive singular)
kliimakseillamme (adessive plural)
kliimaksiltamme (ablative singular)
kliimakseiltamme (ablative plural)
kliimaksillemme (allative singular)
kliimakseillemme (allative plural)
kliimaksinamme (essive singular)
kliimakseinamme (essive plural)
kliimaksiksemme (singular translative)
kliimakseiksemme (plural translative)
kliimaksittamme (abessive singular)
kliimakseittamme (abessive plural)
kliimakseinemme (comitative plural)
kliimaksinne (nominative singular)
kliimaksinne (nominative plural)
kliimaksinne (accusative nominative singular)
kliimaksinne (accusative nominative plural)
kliimaksinne (accusative genitive singular)
kliimaksinne (accusative genitive plural)
kliimaksinne (genitive singular)
kliimaksienne (genitive plural)
kliimaksianne (partitive singular)
kliimaksejanne (partitive plural)
kliimaksissanne (inessive singular)
kliimakseissanne (inessive plural)
kliimaksistanne (elative singular)
kliimakseistanne (elative plural)
kliimaksiinne (illative singular)
kliimakseihinne (illative plural)
kliimaksillanne (adessive singular)
kliimakseillanne (adessive plural)
kliimaksiltanne (ablative singular)
kliimakseiltanne (ablative plural)
kliimaksillenne (allative singular)
kliimakseillenne (allative plural)
kliimaksinanne (essive singular)
kliimakseinanne (essive plural)
kliimaksiksenne (singular translative)
kliimakseiksenne (plural translative)
kliimaksittanne (abessive singular)
kliimakseittanne (abessive plural)
kliimakseinenne (comitative plural)
kliimaksinsa (nominative singular)
kliimaksinsa (nominative plural)
kliimaksinsa (accusative nominative singular)
kliimaksinsa (accusative nominative plural)
kliimaksinsa (accusative genitive singular)
kliimaksinsa (accusative genitive plural)
kliimaksinsa (genitive singular)
kliimaksiensa (genitive plural)
kliimaksiaan (partitive singular)
kliimaksiansa (partitive singular)
kliimaksejaan (partitive plural)
kliimaksejansa (partitive plural)
kliimaksissaan (inessive singular)
kliimaksissansa (inessive singular)
kliimakseissaan (inessive plural)
kliimakseissansa (inessive plural)
kliimaksistaan (elative singular)
kliimaksistansa (elative singular)
kliimakseistaan (elative plural)
kliimakseistansa (elative plural)
kliimaksiinsa (illative singular)
kliimakseihinsa (illative plural)
kliimaksillaan (adessive singular)
kliimaksillansa (adessive singular)
kliimakseillaan (adessive plural)
kliimakseillansa (adessive plural)
kliimaksiltaan (ablative singular)
kliimaksiltansa (ablative singular)
kliimakseiltaan (ablative plural)
kliimakseiltansa (ablative plural)
kliimaksilleen (allative singular)
kliimaksillensa (allative singular)
kliimakseilleen (allative plural)
kliimakseillensa (allative plural)
kliimaksinaan (essive singular)
kliimaksinansa (essive singular)
kliimakseinaan (essive plural)
kliimakseinansa (essive plural)
kliimaksikseen (singular translative)
kliimaksiksensa (singular translative)
kliimakseikseen (plural translative)
kliimakseiksensa (plural translative)
kliimaksittaan (abessive singular)
kliimaksittansa (abessive singular)
kliimakseittaan (abessive plural)
kliimakseittansa (abessive plural)
kliimakseineen (comitative plural)
kliimakseinensa (comitative plural)

(ecology) climax (stage in ecological development)


seasg

head

seasg m (genitive singular seisg, plural seasgan)

seisg (genitive singular)
seasgan (plural)

Etymology tree
Scottish Gaelic seisg
Scottish Gaelic seasg
Variant spelling of seisg.


colonizer

(ecology) A species that establishes itself in a new area.


recruitment

en-noun

recruitment (countable and uncountable, plural recruitments)

From recruit + -ment. French recrutement.

(biology, ecology) The addition of new adult or breeding-age individuals (recruits) to a population.


interspecific competition

interspecific competition (countable and uncountable, plural interspecific competitions)

(ecology) Competition for resources between species.


intraspecific competition

(ecology) Competition for resources between members of the same species.


clutch initiation

clutch initiation (plural clutch initiations)


exploitative

en-adj

exploitative (comparative more exploitative, superlative most exploitative)

more exploitative (comparative)
most exploitative (superlative)

The ways in which tadpoles inhibit each other’s growth have been of particular interest since Richards (1958) and Rose (1960) first indicated that interference as well as exploitative mechanisms may be involved.

1996, Trevor John Clark Beebee, Ecology and Conservation of Amphibians, Chapman & Hall, published 1997, →ISBN, page 111:

This competition may be intra- or interspecific and may take the form of exploitative or interference competition. In exploitative competition, the consumption of a prey item by one individual removes it from possible consumption by another.

2004, Michael R. Heithaus, “Predator–Prey Interactions”, chapter 17 of Jeffrey C. Carrier et al. (editors), Biology of Sharks and their Relatives, CRC Press, page 501

In this model, because competition among consumers is merely exploitative, the consumer species do not directly influence each other's fitness. […] only through their effect on resource abundance, y.

2005, Thomas L. Vincent, Joel Steven Brown, Evolutionary Game Theory, Natural Selection, and Darwinian Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 98:

(ecology, of competition) Wherein one organism reduces a resource to the point of affecting other organisms.


phytoplankton bloom

en-noun

phytoplankton bloom (plural phytoplankton blooms)

(ecology) A large, temporary colony of phytoplankton floating in the sea; they are important in removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere


biogeochemistry

The material deposited as biosediment is important part of biogeochemistry of aquatic ecosystems.

2006, Richard F. Dame, Sergej Olenin, The Comparative Roles of Suspension-Feeders in Ecosystems, →ISBN:

(biology, geology, chemistry, ecology) The scientific study of biological, geological and chemical processes in the natural environment and especially of their mutual relationships.

biogeokemia

the scientific study of biological, geological and chemical processes in the natural environment


trophic level

(ecology) A particular position occupied by a group of organisms in a food chain.

trofisch niveau

position of a group of organisms in a food chain


trophic

From Ancient Greek τροφικός (trophikós, “pertaining to food or nourishment”), from τροφή (trophḗ, “food”).

bor

(ecology) Describing the relationships between the feeding habits of organisms in a food chain.

trofikus

describing the relationships between the feeding habits of organisms in a food chain


phytometrics

From Ancient Greek (phyto) "plant" + (metron) "measure".

(ecology) The study of methods for uniquely recognizing or predicting physiological processes in plants based upon one or more intrinsic physical or behavioral traits


Ökologie

de-noun

Ökologie f (genitive Ökologie, no plural)

Ökologie (genitive)
Ökologie (nominative singular)
Ökologie (genitive singular)
Ökologie (dative singular)
Ökologie (accusative singular)

Coined by Ernst Haeckel in 1866, öko- + -logie.


棲地

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/


棲息地

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɕi³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵ tei̯²²/

/t͡sʰi³³⁻²³ sek̚²⁻⁴ ti¹¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɕi³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵ tei̯²²/

/t͡sʰi³³⁻²³ sek̚²⁻⁴ ti¹¹/


食物鏈

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sɪk̚² mɐt̚² liːn²²⁻³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sɪk̚² mɐt̚² liːn²²⁻³⁵/


mesopredator

Raccoons, skunks, snakes, cats, and foxes are mesopredators.

Large predators are equally important as keystone species; their removal can allow predators in the next size class down to proliferate. This phenomenon, known as meso-predator release, can have a huge impact on ecosystems.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 227:

(ecology) A medium-sized predator which often increases in abundance when larger predators are eliminated.


montano

pt-adj

montano (feminine montana, masculine plural montanos, feminine plural montanas)

montana (feminine)
montanos (masculine plural)
montanas (feminine plural)

(ecology, geography) montane (said of an altitude level that varies between 700 and 1000 meters)


ecotope

An ecological habitat on the scale of individual organisms sharing space. Many ecotopes together, either adjacent or overlapping, make up an eco-region or larger unit.


leaf miner

(ecology) An insect larva that lives between the epidermis of a leaf and consumes the leaf tissue.

minadora de fulles

insect larva that lives within leaf tissue


parazit

parazit (nominative singular)
parazité (nominative plural)
paraziti (nominative plural)
parazita (genitive singular)
parazitů (genitive plural)
parazitovi (dative singular)
parazitu (dative singular)
parazitům (dative plural)
parazita (accusative singular)
parazity (accusative plural)
parazite (singular vocative)
parazité (plural vocative)
paraziti (plural vocative)
parazitovi (locative singular)
parazitu (locative singular)
parazitech (locative plural)
parazitem (instrumental singular)
parazity (instrumental plural)


understory

en-noun

understory (plural understories or (rare) understorys)

understories (plural)
understorys (plural rare)

PIE word
 *h₁n̥dʰér
From under- (prefix meaning ‘beneath, under’) + story (“a floor or level”).

prefix

Throughout the pre-European tussock grassland, and more especially in gullies, on terrace edges and wherever the surface configuration of the plains was broken, woody plants occurred, including occasionally surviving residues of podocarp forest understoreys.

1971, Kenneth B[railey] Cumberland, “Climatic Change or Cultural Interference? New Zealand in Moahunter Times”, in S. R. Eyre, editor, World Vegetation Types (Geographical Readings), London: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, page 219:

The very tall trees and dense understorey of shrubs and ferns found in ash forests provide magnificent scenery, and afford an excellent habitat for well known wildlife species, such as lyrebirds, possums, and wallabies.

1986, Erle Bourke, “Forestry”, in Victorian Year Book 1986, number 100, Melbourne, Vic.: Victorian Office, Australian Bureau of Statistics, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 222–223:

In order to further narrow down the field of formation types reference is now made to the type of understorey that is found beneath the crowns or canopies of the dominant plants.

1994, Ian G. Read, “The Classification of Vegetation”, in The Bush: A Guide to the Vegetated Landscapes of Australia, Sydney, N.S.W.: University of New South Wales Press, →ISBN, part 2 (The Structural Formations of Australia’s Vegetation), page 28, column 1:

The understory was mainly composed of regeneration of the more shade-tolerant species and a variety of common shrubs, such as buckleberries (Vaccinium spp.) and hawthorns (Crataegus spp.).

1997, Michael G. Shelton, Paul A. Murphy, “Methods”, in Understory Vegetation 3 Years after Implementing Uneven-aged Silviculture in a Shortleaf Pine-oak Stand (Research Paper; SO-296), Asheville, N.C.: Southern Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, →OCLC, pages 1–2:

This species is found in both maritime and continental climates. It is a dominant component of understorys of various Pacific northwest and western boreal forests, often forming dense, nearly impenetrable pure thickets, but also occurring in some understorys with other shrubs and (or) herbaceous plants.

1999, Ernest Small, Paul M. Catling, “Oplopanax horridus (J. E. Smith) Miq. Devil’s Club”, in P. B. Cavers, editor, Canadian Medicinal Crops, Ottawa: NRC Research Press, published 2007, →ISBN, page 103, column 2:

Light availability is the primary limiting resource for understory plants of eastern deciduous forests, and their long-term persistence in these habitats depends on adaptations that enable photosynthesis sufficient to maintain a positive annual carbon balance[…]. However, in addition to low light, understory plants may also be limited by water stress[…].

2003, Howard S. Neufeld, Donald R. Young, “Ecophysiology of the Herbaceous Layer in Temperate Deciduous Forests”, in Frank S. Gilliam, Mark R. Roberts, editors, The Herbaceous Layer in Forests of Eastern North America, Oxford, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 38:

An understorey is typically defined as the vegetation layer between the ground layer (up to approximately one metre) and the overstorey. Some woodland vegetation types support only a sparse understorey.

2011, David B. Lindenmayer, “What Makes a Good Remnant?”, in What Makes a Good Farm for Wildlife?, Collingwood, Vic.: CSIRO Publishing, →ISBN, page 24:

In the absence of fire, oaks do not establish well in either shaded understorys or sunlit openings, because they are neither shade tolerant nor fast growing[…].

2012, Mark S. Ashton, Mary L. Tyrrell, Deborah Spalding, Bradford Gentry, editors, Managing Forest Carbon in a Changing Climate, Dordrecht, South Holland, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg: Springer, →DOI, →ISBN, page 94, column 1:

In Hawaii, Red-billed Leiothrix were 92% more abundant in discontinuous forest that had dense understoreys with abundantly fruiting bushes as opposed to continuous forest with bare understoreys[…].

2020, Lorinda A. Hart, “Red-billed Leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea Scopoli, 1786)”, in Colleen T. Downs, Lorinda A. Hart, editors, Invasive Birds: Global Trends and Impacts, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, Boston, Mass.: CABI, →ISBN, page 66, column 1:

(ecology, also attributively) The (layer of) plants that grow in the shade of the canopy of a forest above the forest floor.

أشجار الطبقة السفلى

(layer of) plants that grow in the shade of the canopy of a forest above the forest floor — see also undergrowth


ilmastonmuutos

ilmastonmuutos (nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutokset (nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutos (accusative nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutokset (accusative nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksen (accusative genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutokset (accusative genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksen (genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutosten (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksien (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutosta (partitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksia (partitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksessa (inessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksissa (inessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksesta (elative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksista (elative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseen (illative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiin (illative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksella (adessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksilla (adessive plural)
ilmastonmuutokselta (ablative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksilta (ablative plural)
ilmastonmuutokselle (allative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksille (allative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksena (essive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksina (essive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseksi (singular translative)
ilmastonmuutoksiksi (plural translative)
ilmastonmuutoksetta (abessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksitta (abessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
ilmastonmuutokseni (nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutokseni (nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseni (accusative nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutokseni (accusative nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseni (accusative genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutokseni (accusative genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseni (genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutosteni (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksieni (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutostani (partitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiani (partitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksessani (inessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksissani (inessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksestani (elative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksistani (elative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseeni (illative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiini (illative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellani (adessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillani (adessive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseltani (ablative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiltani (ablative plural)
ilmastonmuutokselleni (allative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksilleni (allative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenani (essive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksinani (essive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksekseni (singular translative)
ilmastonmuutoksikseni (plural translative)
ilmastonmuutoksettani (abessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksittani (abessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksineni (comitative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksesi (nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksesi (nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksesi (accusative nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksesi (accusative nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksesi (accusative genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksesi (accusative genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksesi (genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutostesi (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksiesi (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutostasi (partitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiasi (partitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksessasi (inessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksissasi (inessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksestasi (elative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksistasi (elative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseesi (illative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiisi (illative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellasi (adessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillasi (adessive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseltasi (ablative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiltasi (ablative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellesi (allative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillesi (allative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenasi (essive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksinasi (essive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseksesi (singular translative)
ilmastonmuutoksiksesi (plural translative)
ilmastonmuutoksettasi (abessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksittasi (abessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksinesi (comitative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksemme (nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksemme (nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksemme (accusative nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksemme (accusative nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksemme (accusative genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksemme (accusative genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksemme (genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutostemme (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksiemme (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutostamme (partitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiamme (partitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksessamme (inessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksissamme (inessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksestamme (elative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksistamme (elative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseemme (illative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiimme (illative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellamme (adessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillamme (adessive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseltamme (ablative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiltamme (ablative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellemme (allative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillemme (allative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenamme (essive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksinamme (essive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseksemme (singular translative)
ilmastonmuutoksiksemme (plural translative)
ilmastonmuutoksettamme (abessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksittamme (abessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksinemme (comitative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenne (nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksenne (nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenne (accusative nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksenne (accusative nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenne (accusative genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksenne (accusative genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenne (genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutostenne (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksienne (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutostanne (partitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksianne (partitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksessanne (inessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksissanne (inessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksestanne (elative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksistanne (elative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseenne (illative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiinne (illative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellanne (adessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillanne (adessive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseltanne (ablative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiltanne (ablative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellenne (allative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillenne (allative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenanne (essive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksinanne (essive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseksenne (singular translative)
ilmastonmuutoksiksenne (plural translative)
ilmastonmuutoksettanne (abessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksittanne (abessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksinenne (comitative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksensa (nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksensa (nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksensa (accusative nominative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksensa (accusative nominative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksensa (accusative genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksensa (accusative genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksensa (genitive singular)
ilmastonmuutostensa (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksiensa (genitive plural)
ilmastonmuutostaan (partitive singular)
ilmastonmuutostansa (partitive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiaan (partitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksiansa (partitive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksessaan (inessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksessansa (inessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksissaan (inessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksissansa (inessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksestaan (elative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksestansa (elative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksistaan (elative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksistansa (elative plural)
ilmastonmuutokseensa (illative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiinsa (illative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksellaan (adessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksellansa (adessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksillaan (adessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksillansa (adessive plural)
ilmastonmuutokseltaan (ablative singular)
ilmastonmuutokseltansa (ablative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksiltaan (ablative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksiltansa (ablative plural)
ilmastonmuutokselleen (allative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksellensa (allative singular)
ilmastonmuutoksilleen (allative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksillensa (allative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksenaan (essive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksenansa (essive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksinaan (essive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksinansa (essive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksekseen (singular translative)
ilmastonmuutokseksensa (singular translative)
ilmastonmuutoksikseen (plural translative)
ilmastonmuutoksiksensa (plural translative)
ilmastonmuutoksettaan (abessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksettansa (abessive singular)
ilmastonmuutoksittaan (abessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksittansa (abessive plural)
ilmastonmuutoksineen (comitative plural)
ilmastonmuutoksinensa (comitative plural)

Mutta kuvittelepa maailma, jossa ei olisi ilmastonmuutosta.

But imagine, if you like, a world where climate change did not exist.


sviluppo sostenibile

it-noun

sviluppo sostenibile m (plural sviluppi sostenibili)

sustainable development
sustainable development


antibiosis

(ecology) An association between organisms that is detrimental (harmful) to one or more of them; especially that due to a metabolic substance produced by one of them.

antibiosi

an association between organisms that is detrimental to one of them


deme

From Ancient Greek δῆμος (dêmos, “district”).

(ecology) A distinct local population of plants or animals.


risospendere

it-verb

risospèndere (first-person singular present risospèndo, first-person singular past historic risospési, past participle risospéso, auxiliary avére)

risospèndere (canonical)
risospèndo (first-person present singular)
risospési (first-person historic past singular)
risospéso (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
risospèndere (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
risospendèndo (gerund)
risospendènte (participle present)
risospéso (participle past)
risospèndo (first-person indicative present singular)
risospèndi (indicative present second-person singular)
risospènde (indicative present singular third-person)
risospendiàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
risospendéte (indicative plural present second-person)
risospèndono (indicative plural present third-person)
risospendévo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
risospendévi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
risospendéva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
risospendevàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
risospendevàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
risospendévano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
risospési (first-person historic indicative past singular)
risospendésti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
risospése (historic indicative past singular third-person)
risospendémmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
risospendéste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
risospésero (historic indicative past plural third-person)
risospenderò (first-person future indicative singular)
risospenderài (future indicative second-person singular)
risospenderà (future indicative singular third-person)
risospenderémo (first-person future indicative plural)
risospenderéte (future indicative plural second-person)
risospenderànno (future indicative plural third-person)
risospenderèi (conditional first-person present singular)
risospenderésti (conditional present second-person singular)
risospenderèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
risospenderébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
risospenderémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
risospenderéste (conditional plural present second-person)
risospenderèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
risospenderébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
risospènda (first-person present singular subjunctive)
risospènda (present second-person singular subjunctive)
risospènda (present singular subjunctive third-person)
risospendiàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
risospendiàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
risospèndano (plural present subjunctive third-person)
risospendéssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
risospendéssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
risospendésse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
risospendéssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
risospendéste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
risospendéssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
risospèndi (imperative second-person singular)
risospènda (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
risospendiàmo (first-person imperative plural)
risospendéte (imperative plural second-person)
risospèndano (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
risospèndere (imperative negative second-person singular)
risospènda (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
risospendiàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
risospendéte (imperative negative plural second-person)
risospèndano (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

(transitive, ecology, chemistry, physics) to resuspend, to solubilize (a pellet) after centrifugation


חברה

he-noun

חֶבְרָה • (khevrá) f (plural indefinite חֲבָרוֹת, singular construct חֶבְרַת־, plural construct חֶבְרוֹת־) [pattern: קִטְלָה]

חֶבְרָה (canonical)
khevrá (romanization)
חֲבָרוֹת (indefinite plural)
חֶבְרַת־ (construct singular)
חֶבְרוֹת־ (construct plural)

→ Azerbaijani: xavra (“synagogue”)

desc

→ Lithuanian: chebra (“group of friends, clique, gang”)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: خاوره (“synagogue”), خورا, حاوره, هورا, هاوره
Turkish: havra
→ Armenian: խավռա (xavṙa, “confusion, disorder”)
→ Greek: χάβρα (chávra)
→ Macedonian: авра (avra, “synagogue”)
→ Romanian: havră


rewild

en-verb

rewild (third-person singular simple present rewilds, present participle rewilding, simple past and past participle rewilded)

rewilds (present singular third-person)
rewilding (participle present)
rewilded (participle past)
rewilded (past)

desc

Dutch: → rewilden, → herwilderen (calque)

Told in the form of a personal journey, Paul Martin's book covers his own boyhood bird-watching, graduate work in evolutionary biology, and a distinguished academic career; it culminates in a daring plan to truly rewild North America.

2005, Paul Schultz Martin, Twilight of the Mammoths: Ice Age Extinctions and the Rewilding of America, University of California Press, →ISBN, page XIII:

Some scientists and others now argue that we should be bringing some of those ghosts back, part of a controversial movement to “rewild” parts of Europe and North America, whether by reintroducing extant species, reviving extinct ones, or attempting to reconstruct ecosystems.

2016 January 26, John Carey, “Core Concept: Rewilding”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, →DOI, pages 806–808:

She is not alone in her concerns. The push from local authorities to rewild spaces is causing consternation in villages, towns and cities across the country.

2023 August 26, Phoebe Weston, “Weed-choked pavements anger residents as ‘rewilding’ divides UK towns and cities”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(ecology) To return an area to a more wild state, especially to repopulate it with wild animals that have become extirpated.


microenvironment

A very small area that has different characteristics than its surroundings; the milieu (set of conditions) within this area.


rewilding

en-noun

rewilding (usually uncountable, plural rewildings)

→ Dutch: herwildering (calque)

For rewilding North America, we need to find or restore some of the cogs and wheels we've already tossed into the dust bin.

2004 July 20, Dave Foreman, Rewilding North America, Island Press, →ISBN, page 134:

The beaver was hunted to extinction in Britain more than three centuries ago, but is today the rewilding movement’s pin-up.

2020 October 13, Patrick Barkham, “How maverick rewilders are trying to turn back the tide of extinction”, in The Guardian, retrieved 2020-11-09:

There's a colossal amount of tree planting, rewilding and other work going on to ensure that HS2 adds more to the environment than it takes away.

2022 March 23, Paul Bigland, “HS2 is just 'passing through'”, in RAIL, number 953, page 40:

(ecology) The act of restoring a natural area to its former wild state, especially by repopulating it with animals that have been extirpated.


ecocide

ecocide (countable and uncountable, plural ecocides)

From eco- + -cide. First used in 1969 by the American plant biologist Arthur Galston to refer to the willful destruction of the environment with Agent Orange.

Two common terms used to characterize injuries to the environment include “geocide” and “ecocide,” terms particularly applicable to rain forest damage because it is irreparable.

[1997, Virginia Journal of International Law, volume 38, page 377:

It has also been suggested that environmental crimes might include the proposed crime of ‘ecocide’ or ‘geocide’, with proponents of this view attempting to draw parallels between destructive acts towards the environment and those against the qualifying groups for genocide. […] [M]any who advocate for the creation of either ecocide or geocide principally argue that the best place to try such crimes is through an apparatus created in a separate and environment-oriented treaty.

2013, Alexandra R. Harrington, “The Crime of Aggression and Threats to the Future”, in Sébastien Jodoin, Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger, editors, Sustainable Development, International Criminal Justice, and Treaty Implementation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 161–162:

The funeral is the culmination of Extinction Rebellion’s actions at London fashion week. They also staged a die-in outside one of the show venues on Friday and a swarm outside Victoria Beckham’s show on Sunday, with protesters holding placards reading “fashion = ecocide” and “the ugly truth about fashion”.

2019 September 17, Lauren Cochrane, “Extinction Rebellion stage funeral at London fashion week finale”, in The Guardian:

The complete destruction of an ecosystem due to human activities, such as due to exploitation of resources, nuclear warfare, or the dumping of harmful chemicals.


ecocide

nl-noun

ecocide f (plural ecocides, diminutive ecocidetje n)

ecocides (plural)
ecocidetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English ecocide. Equivalent to eco- + -cide.


Savanne

de-noun

Savanne f (genitive Savanne, plural Savannen)

Savanne (genitive)
Savannen (plural)
Savanne (nominative singular)
Savannen (definite nominative plural)
Savanne (genitive singular)
Savannen (definite genitive plural)
Savanne (dative singular)
Savannen (dative definite plural)
Savanne (accusative singular)
Savannen (accusative definite plural)

From French savanne, from Spanish sabana, from Taíno.


toisenvarainen

fi-adj

toisenvarainen (comparative toisenvaraisempi, superlative toisenvaraisin)

toisenvaraisempi (comparative)
toisenvaraisin (superlative)
toisenvarainen (nominative singular)
toisenvaraiset (nominative plural)
toisenvarainen (accusative nominative singular)
toisenvaraiset (accusative nominative plural)
toisenvaraisen (accusative genitive singular)
toisenvaraiset (accusative genitive plural)
toisenvaraisen (genitive singular)
toisenvaraisten (genitive plural)
toisenvaraisien (genitive plural)
toisenvaraista (partitive singular)
toisenvaraisia (partitive plural)
toisenvaraisessa (inessive singular)
toisenvaraisissa (inessive plural)
toisenvaraisesta (elative singular)
toisenvaraisista (elative plural)
toisenvaraiseen (illative singular)
toisenvaraisiin (illative plural)
toisenvaraisella (adessive singular)
toisenvaraisilla (adessive plural)
toisenvaraiselta (ablative singular)
toisenvaraisilta (ablative plural)
toisenvaraiselle (allative singular)
toisenvaraisille (allative plural)
toisenvaraisena (essive singular)
toisenvaraisina (essive plural)
toisenvaraiseksi (singular translative)
toisenvaraisiksi (plural translative)
toisenvaraisetta (abessive singular)
toisenvaraisitta (abessive plural)
toisenvaraisin (instructive plural)
toisenvaraisine (comitative plural)
toisenvaraiseni (nominative singular)
toisenvaraiseni (nominative plural)
toisenvaraiseni (accusative nominative singular)
toisenvaraiseni (accusative nominative plural)
toisenvaraiseni (accusative genitive singular)
toisenvaraiseni (accusative genitive plural)
toisenvaraiseni (genitive singular)
toisenvaraisteni (genitive plural)
toisenvaraisieni (genitive plural)
toisenvaraistani (partitive singular)
toisenvaraisiani (partitive plural)
toisenvaraisessani (inessive singular)
toisenvaraisissani (inessive plural)
toisenvaraisestani (elative singular)
toisenvaraisistani (elative plural)
toisenvaraiseeni (illative singular)
toisenvaraisiini (illative plural)
toisenvaraisellani (adessive singular)
toisenvaraisillani (adessive plural)
toisenvaraiseltani (ablative singular)
toisenvaraisiltani (ablative plural)
toisenvaraiselleni (allative singular)
toisenvaraisilleni (allative plural)
toisenvaraisenani (essive singular)
toisenvaraisinani (essive plural)
toisenvaraisekseni (singular translative)
toisenvaraisikseni (plural translative)
toisenvaraisettani (abessive singular)
toisenvaraisittani (abessive plural)
toisenvaraisineni (comitative plural)
toisenvaraisesi (nominative singular)
toisenvaraisesi (nominative plural)
toisenvaraisesi (accusative nominative singular)
toisenvaraisesi (accusative nominative plural)
toisenvaraisesi (accusative genitive singular)
toisenvaraisesi (accusative genitive plural)
toisenvaraisesi (genitive singular)
toisenvaraistesi (genitive plural)
toisenvaraisiesi (genitive plural)
toisenvaraistasi (partitive singular)
toisenvaraisiasi (partitive plural)
toisenvaraisessasi (inessive singular)
toisenvaraisissasi (inessive plural)
toisenvaraisestasi (elative singular)
toisenvaraisistasi (elative plural)
toisenvaraiseesi (illative singular)
toisenvaraisiisi (illative plural)
toisenvaraisellasi (adessive singular)
toisenvaraisillasi (adessive plural)
toisenvaraiseltasi (ablative singular)
toisenvaraisiltasi (ablative plural)
toisenvaraisellesi (allative singular)
toisenvaraisillesi (allative plural)
toisenvaraisenasi (essive singular)
toisenvaraisinasi (essive plural)
toisenvaraiseksesi (singular translative)
toisenvaraisiksesi (plural translative)
toisenvaraisettasi (abessive singular)
toisenvaraisittasi (abessive plural)
toisenvaraisinesi (comitative plural)
toisenvaraisemme (nominative singular)
toisenvaraisemme (nominative plural)
toisenvaraisemme (accusative nominative singular)
toisenvaraisemme (accusative nominative plural)
toisenvaraisemme (accusative genitive singular)
toisenvaraisemme (accusative genitive plural)
toisenvaraisemme (genitive singular)
toisenvaraistemme (genitive plural)
toisenvaraisiemme (genitive plural)
toisenvaraistamme (partitive singular)
toisenvaraisiamme (partitive plural)
toisenvaraisessamme (inessive singular)
toisenvaraisissamme (inessive plural)
toisenvaraisestamme (elative singular)
toisenvaraisistamme (elative plural)
toisenvaraiseemme (illative singular)
toisenvaraisiimme (illative plural)
toisenvaraisellamme (adessive singular)
toisenvaraisillamme (adessive plural)
toisenvaraiseltamme (ablative singular)
toisenvaraisiltamme (ablative plural)
toisenvaraisellemme (allative singular)
toisenvaraisillemme (allative plural)
toisenvaraisenamme (essive singular)
toisenvaraisinamme (essive plural)
toisenvaraiseksemme (singular translative)
toisenvaraisiksemme (plural translative)
toisenvaraisettamme (abessive singular)
toisenvaraisittamme (abessive plural)
toisenvaraisinemme (comitative plural)
toisenvaraisenne (nominative singular)
toisenvaraisenne (nominative plural)
toisenvaraisenne (accusative nominative singular)
toisenvaraisenne (accusative nominative plural)
toisenvaraisenne (accusative genitive singular)
toisenvaraisenne (accusative genitive plural)
toisenvaraisenne (genitive singular)
toisenvaraistenne (genitive plural)
toisenvaraisienne (genitive plural)
toisenvaraistanne (partitive singular)
toisenvaraisianne (partitive plural)
toisenvaraisessanne (inessive singular)
toisenvaraisissanne (inessive plural)
toisenvaraisestanne (elative singular)
toisenvaraisistanne (elative plural)
toisenvaraiseenne (illative singular)
toisenvaraisiinne (illative plural)
toisenvaraisellanne (adessive singular)
toisenvaraisillanne (adessive plural)
toisenvaraiseltanne (ablative singular)
toisenvaraisiltanne (ablative plural)
toisenvaraisellenne (allative singular)
toisenvaraisillenne (allative plural)
toisenvaraisenanne (essive singular)
toisenvaraisinanne (essive plural)
toisenvaraiseksenne (singular translative)
toisenvaraisiksenne (plural translative)
toisenvaraisettanne (abessive singular)
toisenvaraisittanne (abessive plural)
toisenvaraisinenne (comitative plural)
toisenvaraisensa (nominative singular)
toisenvaraisensa (nominative plural)
toisenvaraisensa (accusative nominative singular)
toisenvaraisensa (accusative nominative plural)
toisenvaraisensa (accusative genitive singular)
toisenvaraisensa (accusative genitive plural)
toisenvaraisensa (genitive singular)
toisenvaraistensa (genitive plural)
toisenvaraisiensa (genitive plural)
toisenvaraistaan (partitive singular)
toisenvaraistansa (partitive singular)
toisenvaraisiaan (partitive plural)
toisenvaraisiansa (partitive plural)
toisenvaraisessaan (inessive singular)
toisenvaraisessansa (inessive singular)
toisenvaraisissaan (inessive plural)
toisenvaraisissansa (inessive plural)
toisenvaraisestaan (elative singular)
toisenvaraisestansa (elative singular)
toisenvaraisistaan (elative plural)
toisenvaraisistansa (elative plural)
toisenvaraiseensa (illative singular)
toisenvaraisiinsa (illative plural)
toisenvaraisellaan (adessive singular)
toisenvaraisellansa (adessive singular)
toisenvaraisillaan (adessive plural)
toisenvaraisillansa (adessive plural)
toisenvaraiseltaan (ablative singular)
toisenvaraiseltansa (ablative singular)
toisenvaraisiltaan (ablative plural)
toisenvaraisiltansa (ablative plural)
toisenvaraiselleen (allative singular)
toisenvaraisellensa (allative singular)
toisenvaraisilleen (allative plural)
toisenvaraisillensa (allative plural)
toisenvaraisenaan (essive singular)
toisenvaraisenansa (essive singular)
toisenvaraisinaan (essive plural)
toisenvaraisinansa (essive plural)
toisenvaraisekseen (singular translative)
toisenvaraiseksensa (singular translative)
toisenvaraisikseen (plural translative)
toisenvaraisiksensa (plural translative)
toisenvaraisettaan (abessive singular)
toisenvaraisettansa (abessive singular)
toisenvaraisittaan (abessive plural)
toisenvaraisittansa (abessive plural)
toisenvaraisineen (comitative plural)
toisenvaraisinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈt̪o̞i̯s̠e̞nˌʋɑ̝rɑ̝i̯ne̞n]

(biology, ecology) heterotrophic (of an organism, requiring an external supply of energy in the form of food)


hýsill

is-noun

hýsill m (genitive singular hýsils, nominative plural hýslar)

hýsils (genitive singular)
hýslar (nominative plural)
hýsill (indefinite nominative singular)
hýsillinn (definite nominative singular)
hýslar (indefinite nominative plural)
hýslarnir (definite nominative plural)
hýsil (accusative indefinite singular)
hýsilinn (accusative definite singular)
hýsla (accusative indefinite plural)
hýslana (accusative definite plural)
hýsli (dative indefinite singular)
hýslinum (dative definite singular)
hýslum (dative indefinite plural)
hýslunum (dative definite plural)
hýsils (genitive indefinite singular)
hýsilsins (definite genitive singular)
hýsla (genitive indefinite plural)
hýslanna (definite genitive plural)


anthropization

(ecology) The transformation or adaptation of the environment to meet the needs of humans, or by human activity.


detritivorous

en-adj

detritivorous (comparative more detritivorous, superlative most detritivorous)

more detritivorous (comparative)
most detritivorous (superlative)

/ˌdɛtɹəˈtɪvəɹəs/

(ecology) That feeds on detritus; saprophagous


detritivore

/dɛˈtɹaɪtɪvɔː/

/dəˈtɹaɪtəvɔɹ/

From German Detritivore, from Latin dētrītus (“the act of rubbing away”) (from dēterō (“to rub away, to rub off, to wear out”), from dē- (“away; down”) + terō (“to rub; to wear away, to wear out”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, to rub by twisting; to twist, to turn”)) + Latin vorāre (from vorō (“to devour, to eat greedily; to swallow up”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”)). Analyzable as detritus + -i- + -vore.

der

Termites are herbivores and detritivores variously involved in the comminution and decomposition of vegetable matter, through most of the warm temperate and tropical zones.

1978, J. P. La Fage, W. L. Nutting, “Nutrient Dynamics of Termites”, in M. V. Brian, editor, Production Ecology of Ants and Termites (International Biological Programme; 13), Cambridge, New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 165:

If one has sound data for microbial biomass dynamics in decaying litter, along with identities of the decomposer fungi, then one can make useful projections and hypotheses regarding nutrient flow, environmental controls on decay rates, and potential detritivore production founded upon basic knowledge of the properties of fungal species and their interactions with other microbes and animals[…].

1992, Steven Y. Newell, “Estimating Fungal Biomass and Productivity in Decomposing Litter”, in George C. Carroll, Donald T. Wicklow, editors, The Fungal Community: Its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem (Mycology; 9), 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Marcel Dekker, →ISBN, page 521:

Fish are represented at several trophic levels in aquatic systems, from detritivore and herbivore to carnivore.

1992, S. J. Ormerod, “Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems”, in M[iroslav] Radojević, R[oy] M. Harrison, editors, Atmospheric Acidity: Sources, Consequences and Abatement (Environmental Management Series), Barking, Essex: Elsevier Science, →ISBN, page 382:

Others are detritivores (i.e. they feed off organic detritus), such as some pteropods.

2014, Louis Legendre, “Pelagic Marine Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles”, in André Monaco, Patrick Prouzet, editors, Ecosystem Sustainability and Global Change (Seas and Oceans), London: ISTE Ltd.; Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 46:

, detritus feeder (“saprophage”)

(ecology) An organism that feeds on detritus; a detrivore, a saprophage.


ekologi

ms-noun

ekologi (Jawi spelling ايکولوݢي, plural ekologi-ekologi, informal 1st possessive ekologiku, 2nd possessive ekologimu, 3rd possessive ekologinya)

ايکولوݢي (Jawi)
ekologi-ekologi (plural)
ekologiku (first-person informal possessive)
ekologimu (possessive second-person)
ekologinya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Dutch ecologie. By surface analysis, eko- + -logi.


biosfera

biosfera (Jawi spelling بيوسفيرا, plural biosfera-biosfera, informal 1st possessive biosferaku, 2nd possessive biosferamu, 3rd possessive biosferanya)

بيوسفيرا (Jawi)
biosfera-biosfera (plural)
biosferaku (first-person informal possessive)
biosferamu (possessive second-person)
biosferanya (possessive third-person)


allelochemical

(biochemistry, ecology) Having allelopathic effects.


autekologija

sh-noun

autekologija f (Cyrillic spelling аутекологија)

аутекологија (Cyrillic)
autekologija (nominative singular)
autekologije (nominative plural)
autekologije (genitive singular)
autekologija (genitive plural)
autekologiji (dative singular)
autekologijama (dative plural)
autekologiju (accusative singular)
autekologije (accusative plural)
autekologijo (singular vocative)
autekologije (plural vocative)
autekologiji (locative singular)
autekologijama (locative plural)
autekologijom (instrumental singular)
autekologijama (instrumental plural)


globale Erwärmung

de-noun

globale Erwärmung f (definite nominative die globale Erwärmung, genitive globaler Erwärmung, definite genitive der globalen Erwärmung, no plural)

die globale Erwärmung (definite nominative)
globaler Erwärmung (genitive)
der globalen Erwärmung (definite genitive)


Klimawandel

Klimawandel m (strong, genitive Klimawandels, plural Klimawandel)

Klimawandels (genitive)
Klimawandel (plural)
Klimawandel (nominative singular)
Klimawandel (definite nominative plural)
Klimawandels (genitive singular)
Klimawandel (definite genitive plural)
Klimawandel (dative singular)
Klimawandeln (dative definite plural)
Klimawandel (accusative singular)
Klimawandel (accusative definite plural)

Klima (“climate”) + Wandel (“transformation, change”)

compound

climate change (any large-scale, long-term climate change)

Kohlendioxid trägt durch seine Menge mehr als jedes andere Treibhausgas zum Klimawandel bei, doch seine Konzentration in der Luft beträgt weniger als 0,04 Prozent.

2010, Der Spiegel, number 2/2010, page 125:

Carbon dioxide contributes by its amount more than any other greenhouse gas to climate change, but its concentration in the air is less than 0.04 percent.

(particularly) climate change (anthropogenic changes since the onset of the industrialization)


hajottaja

hajottaja (nominative singular)
hajottajat (nominative plural)
hajottaja (accusative nominative singular)
hajottajat (accusative nominative plural)
hajottajan (accusative genitive singular)
hajottajat (accusative genitive plural)
hajottajan (genitive singular)
hajottajien (genitive plural)
hajottajain (genitive plural rare)
hajottajaa (partitive singular)
hajottajia (partitive plural)
hajottajassa (inessive singular)
hajottajissa (inessive plural)
hajottajasta (elative singular)
hajottajista (elative plural)
hajottajaan (illative singular)
hajottajiin (illative plural)
hajottajalla (adessive singular)
hajottajilla (adessive plural)
hajottajalta (ablative singular)
hajottajilta (ablative plural)
hajottajalle (allative singular)
hajottajille (allative plural)
hajottajana (essive singular)
hajottajina (essive plural)
hajottajaksi (singular translative)
hajottajiksi (plural translative)
hajottajatta (abessive singular)
hajottajitta (abessive plural)
hajottajin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hajottajani (nominative singular)
hajottajani (nominative plural)
hajottajani (accusative nominative singular)
hajottajani (accusative nominative plural)
hajottajani (accusative genitive singular)
hajottajani (accusative genitive plural)
hajottajani (genitive singular)
hajottajieni (genitive plural)
hajottajaini (genitive plural rare)
hajottajaani (partitive singular)
hajottajiani (partitive plural)
hajottajassani (inessive singular)
hajottajissani (inessive plural)
hajottajastani (elative singular)
hajottajistani (elative plural)
hajottajaani (illative singular)
hajottajiini (illative plural)
hajottajallani (adessive singular)
hajottajillani (adessive plural)
hajottajaltani (ablative singular)
hajottajiltani (ablative plural)
hajottajalleni (allative singular)
hajottajilleni (allative plural)
hajottajanani (essive singular)
hajottajinani (essive plural)
hajottajakseni (singular translative)
hajottajikseni (plural translative)
hajottajattani (abessive singular)
hajottajittani (abessive plural)
hajottajineni (comitative plural)
hajottajasi (nominative singular)
hajottajasi (nominative plural)
hajottajasi (accusative nominative singular)
hajottajasi (accusative nominative plural)
hajottajasi (accusative genitive singular)
hajottajasi (accusative genitive plural)
hajottajasi (genitive singular)
hajottajiesi (genitive plural)
hajottajaisi (genitive plural rare)
hajottajaasi (partitive singular)
hajottajiasi (partitive plural)
hajottajassasi (inessive singular)
hajottajissasi (inessive plural)
hajottajastasi (elative singular)
hajottajistasi (elative plural)
hajottajaasi (illative singular)
hajottajiisi (illative plural)
hajottajallasi (adessive singular)
hajottajillasi (adessive plural)
hajottajaltasi (ablative singular)
hajottajiltasi (ablative plural)
hajottajallesi (allative singular)
hajottajillesi (allative plural)
hajottajanasi (essive singular)
hajottajinasi (essive plural)
hajottajaksesi (singular translative)
hajottajiksesi (plural translative)
hajottajattasi (abessive singular)
hajottajittasi (abessive plural)
hajottajinesi (comitative plural)
hajottajamme (nominative singular)
hajottajamme (nominative plural)
hajottajamme (accusative nominative singular)
hajottajamme (accusative nominative plural)
hajottajamme (accusative genitive singular)
hajottajamme (accusative genitive plural)
hajottajamme (genitive singular)
hajottajiemme (genitive plural)
hajottajaimme (genitive plural rare)
hajottajaamme (partitive singular)
hajottajiamme (partitive plural)
hajottajassamme (inessive singular)
hajottajissamme (inessive plural)
hajottajastamme (elative singular)
hajottajistamme (elative plural)
hajottajaamme (illative singular)
hajottajiimme (illative plural)
hajottajallamme (adessive singular)
hajottajillamme (adessive plural)
hajottajaltamme (ablative singular)
hajottajiltamme (ablative plural)
hajottajallemme (allative singular)
hajottajillemme (allative plural)
hajottajanamme (essive singular)
hajottajinamme (essive plural)
hajottajaksemme (singular translative)
hajottajiksemme (plural translative)
hajottajattamme (abessive singular)
hajottajittamme (abessive plural)
hajottajinemme (comitative plural)
hajottajanne (nominative singular)
hajottajanne (nominative plural)
hajottajanne (accusative nominative singular)
hajottajanne (accusative nominative plural)
hajottajanne (accusative genitive singular)
hajottajanne (accusative genitive plural)
hajottajanne (genitive singular)
hajottajienne (genitive plural)
hajottajainne (genitive plural rare)
hajottajaanne (partitive singular)
hajottajianne (partitive plural)
hajottajassanne (inessive singular)
hajottajissanne (inessive plural)
hajottajastanne (elative singular)
hajottajistanne (elative plural)
hajottajaanne (illative singular)
hajottajiinne (illative plural)
hajottajallanne (adessive singular)
hajottajillanne (adessive plural)
hajottajaltanne (ablative singular)
hajottajiltanne (ablative plural)
hajottajallenne (allative singular)
hajottajillenne (allative plural)
hajottajananne (essive singular)
hajottajinanne (essive plural)
hajottajaksenne (singular translative)
hajottajiksenne (plural translative)
hajottajattanne (abessive singular)
hajottajittanne (abessive plural)
hajottajinenne (comitative plural)
hajottajansa (nominative singular)
hajottajansa (nominative plural)
hajottajansa (accusative nominative singular)
hajottajansa (accusative nominative plural)
hajottajansa (accusative genitive singular)
hajottajansa (accusative genitive plural)
hajottajansa (genitive singular)
hajottajiensa (genitive plural)
hajottajainsa (genitive plural rare)
hajottajaansa (partitive singular)
hajottajiaan (partitive plural)
hajottajiansa (partitive plural)
hajottajassaan (inessive singular)
hajottajassansa (inessive singular)
hajottajissaan (inessive plural)
hajottajissansa (inessive plural)
hajottajastaan (elative singular)
hajottajastansa (elative singular)
hajottajistaan (elative plural)
hajottajistansa (elative plural)
hajottajaansa (illative singular)
hajottajiinsa (illative plural)
hajottajallaan (adessive singular)
hajottajallansa (adessive singular)
hajottajillaan (adessive plural)
hajottajillansa (adessive plural)
hajottajaltaan (ablative singular)
hajottajaltansa (ablative singular)
hajottajiltaan (ablative plural)
hajottajiltansa (ablative plural)
hajottajalleen (allative singular)
hajottajallensa (allative singular)
hajottajilleen (allative plural)
hajottajillensa (allative plural)
hajottajanaan (essive singular)
hajottajanansa (essive singular)
hajottajinaan (essive plural)
hajottajinansa (essive plural)
hajottajakseen (singular translative)
hajottajaksensa (singular translative)
hajottajikseen (plural translative)
hajottajiksensa (plural translative)
hajottajattaan (abessive singular)
hajottajattansa (abessive singular)
hajottajittaan (abessive plural)
hajottajittansa (abessive plural)
hajottajineen (comitative plural)
hajottajinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈhɑ̝jo̞t̪̚ˌt̪ɑ̝jɑ̝]


Klimaveränderung

de-noun

Klimaveränderung f (genitive Klimaveränderung, plural Klimaveränderungen)

Klimaveränderung (genitive)
Klimaveränderungen (plural)
Klimaveränderung (nominative singular)
Klimaveränderungen (definite nominative plural)
Klimaveränderung (genitive singular)
Klimaveränderungen (definite genitive plural)
Klimaveränderung (dative singular)
Klimaveränderungen (dative definite plural)
Klimaveränderung (accusative singular)
Klimaveränderungen (accusative definite plural)

Klima (“climate”) + Veränderung (“change”)


ekosistem

id-noun

ékosistêm (first-person possessive ekosistemku, second-person possessive ekosistemmu, third-person possessive ekosistemnya)

ékosistêm (canonical)
ekosistemku (first-person possessive)
ekosistemmu (possessive second-person)
ekosistemnya (possessive third-person)

Affixed eko- + sistem, from Dutch ecosysteem, from English ecosystem.

(biology, ecology, sciences) a system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.


regrowing

(agriculture, ecology) The self-cultivation of vegetables by city dwellers, using flower pots and windowsills, growing them from roots, cuttings, and scraps, for recycling and sustainable living.


disperser

Nesting data from dispersers and nondispersers came from the same set of colonies and were thus directly comparable.

1996, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown, Coloniality in the Cliff Swallow:

Ants are integral components of terrestrial ecosystems, owing to their manifold interactions with other organisms. They serve as seed dispersers for plants (myrmecochory), mutualists with sap-sucking insects (trophobionts), and hosts for a wide range of associate organisms (myrmecophiles) and act as both predator and prey.

2022 September 19, Schultheiss et al., “The abundance, biomass, and distribution of ants on Earth”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, page 1, column 1:

(ecology) An organism that disperses something, such as seeds, in the environment.


antifeedant

(ecology) That inhibits normal feeding behaviour.


resuspension

en-noun

resuspension (countable and uncountable, plural resuspensions)

/ˌɹiːsəˈspɛnʃən/

After seven centrifugings and resuspensions, the chloride is reduced to less than 5 mgm. per cent.

1938, American Journal of Physiology, volume 122, page 227:

As a Government Office for Science report says: "Non-exhaust particulate matter emissions (e.g. tyre wear, brake wear and road dust resuspension) account for approximately 50%-60% of the vehicle emissions that contribute to poor air quality."

2020 September 9, Anthony Lambert, “Winning passengers back: Getting the public on board...”, in Rail, page 43:

(ecology, chemistry, physics) The renewed suspension of a precipitated sediment, such as stirring up settled mud at the bottom of a body of water.


hypoxic

en-adj

hypoxic (comparative more hypoxic, superlative most hypoxic)

more hypoxic (comparative)
most hypoxic (superlative)

Dead zones are hypoxic areas in the world's oceans and large lakes.

(ecology, especially bodies of water) Exhibiting hypoxia.


parazitismus

parazitismus (nominative singular)
parazitismy (nominative plural)
parazitismu (genitive singular)
parazitismů (genitive plural)
parazitismu (dative singular)
parazitismům (dative plural)
parazitismus (accusative singular)
parazitismy (accusative plural)
parazitisme (singular vocative)
parazitismy (plural vocative)
parazitismu (locative singular)
parazitismech (locative plural)
parazitismem (instrumental singular)
parazitismy (instrumental plural)


cizopasnictví

cizopasnictví (nominative singular)
cizopasnictví (nominative plural)
cizopasnictví (genitive singular)
cizopasnictví (genitive plural)
cizopasnictví (dative singular)
cizopasnictvím (dative plural)
cizopasnictví (accusative singular)
cizopasnictví (accusative plural)
cizopasnictví (singular vocative)
cizopasnictví (plural vocative)
cizopasnictví (locative singular)
cizopasnictvích (locative plural)
cizopasnictvím (instrumental singular)
cizopasnictvími (instrumental plural)


cizopasník

cs-noun

cizopasník m anim (female equivalent cizopasnice, related adjective cizopasnický)

cizopasnice (feminine)
cizopasnický (adjective)
cizopasník (nominative singular)
cizopasníci (nominative plural)
cizopasníka (genitive singular)
cizopasníků (genitive plural)
cizopasníkovi (dative singular)
cizopasníku (dative singular)
cizopasníkům (dative plural)
cizopasníka (accusative singular)
cizopasníky (accusative plural)
cizopasníku (singular vocative)
cizopasníci (plural vocative)
cizopasníkovi (locative singular)
cizopasníku (locative singular)
cizopasnících (locative plural)
cizopasníkem (instrumental singular)
cizopasníky (instrumental plural)

From cizo- + pást + -ník. Compare Slovak cudzopasník.


hostitel

hostitel m anim (female equivalent hostitelka, related adjective hostitelský)

hostitelka (feminine)
hostitelský (adjective)
hostitel (nominative singular)
hostitelé (nominative plural)
hostitele (genitive singular)
hostitelů (genitive plural)
hostitelovi (dative singular)
hostiteli (dative singular)
hostitelům (dative plural)
hostitele (accusative singular)
hostitele (accusative plural)
hostiteli (singular vocative)
hostitelé (plural vocative)
hostitelovi (locative singular)
hostiteli (locative singular)
hostitelích (locative plural)
hostitelem (instrumental singular)
hostiteli (instrumental plural)

(biology) host (cell or organism hosting a parasite)


cobertura

From Old Galician-Portuguese cobertura, from Late Latin coopertūra, from Latin coopertus.

Margens com cobertura vegetal sofrem menos erosão.

Riverbanks with plant cover suffer less erosion.

(ecology) contents of the topmost layer of soil


pasożyt

pasożyt (nominative singular)
pasożyty (nominative plural)
pasożyta (genitive singular)
pasożytów (genitive plural)
pasożytowi (dative singular)
pasożytom (dative plural)
pasożyta (accusative singular)
pasożyty (accusative plural)
pasożytem (instrumental singular)
pasożytami (instrumental plural)
pasożycie (locative singular)
pasożytach (locative plural)
pasożycie (singular vocative)
pasożyty (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish pasirzyt. By surface analysis, paść (“to graze”) + -o- + rzyć (“butt”), literally “butt grazer”. Compare Latin parasitus.

surf

– Czy podziela pan, doktorze Manson, opinię naszego francuskiego kolegi, doktora Alfonsa Laverana, który jest zdania, że to jakiś pasożyt wywołuje malarię? – zapytał major Ross.

1970, Lucjan Wolanowski, Upał i gorączka, Muza:

"Will you share with us, doctor Manson, our French collegue's opinion, doctor Alfons Laveran, who is of the opinion it is some parasite that is causing malaria?" Major Ross asked.

-Nasz pacjent twierdzi, że jest sprawcą morderstw popełnianych na mężczyznach w Breslau. Wnika w ciała młodych kobiet, które pod jego wpływem dopuszczają się tych przerażających okropności. Kosmiczny pasożyt.

"Our patient claims that he is the culprit of the murders committed on the men in Breslau. It gets inside the bodies of young women, who, under his influence, allow themselves to be affected by these terrifying atrocities. A cosmic parasite.


寄生

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/kei̯³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/ki²¹⁻⁴¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ki¹¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ki²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ki⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/kia²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kia⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/kia²¹⁻⁴¹ sẽ⁴⁴/

/kia²¹⁻⁵³ sɛ̃⁴⁴/

/kia¹¹⁻⁵³ sĩ⁴⁴/

/kiã³¹⁻⁵³ sĩ³³/

/kia²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sẽ³³/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/kei̯³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/ki²¹⁻⁴¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ki¹¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ki²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ki⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/kia²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kia⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/kia²¹⁻⁴¹ sẽ⁴⁴/

/kia²¹⁻⁵³ sɛ̃⁴⁴/

/kia¹¹⁻⁵³ sĩ⁴⁴/

/kiã³¹⁻⁵³ sĩ³³/

/kia²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sẽ³³/


寄生

寄生する (canonical)
kisei suru (romanization)
寄生し (stem)
寄生した (past)
寄生し
きせいし
kisei shi
寄生する
きせいする
kisei suru
寄生すれ
きせいすれ
kisei sure
寄生せよ (imperative literary)
寄生しろ (colloquial imperative)
きせいせよ (imperative literary)
きせいしろ (colloquial imperative)
kisei seyo (imperative literary)
kisei shiro (colloquial imperative)
寄生される (passive)
きせいされる (passive)
kisei sareru (passive)
寄生させる (causative)
寄生さす (causative)
きせいさせる (causative)
きせいさす (causative)
kisei saseru (causative)
kisei sasu (causative)
寄生できる (potential)
きせいできる (potential)
kisei dekiru (potential)
寄生しよう (volitional)
きせいしよう (volitional)
kisei shiyō (volitional)
寄生しない (negative)
きせいしない (negative)
kisei shinai (negative)
寄生せず (continuative negative)
きせいせず (continuative negative)
kisei sezu (continuative negative)
寄生します (formal)
きせいします (formal)
kisei shimasu (formal)
寄生した (perfective)
きせいした (perfective)
kisei shita (perfective)
寄生して (conjunctive)
きせいして (conjunctive)
kisei shite (conjunctive)
寄生すれば (conditional hypothetical)
きせいすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kisei sureba (conditional hypothetical)