sol

From Latin sōl (“sun”), or perhaps from Old English sōl (“sun”), both of which hail from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.

The brightest and warmest celestial body, considered to be a planet in the Ptolemic system; the Sun (the center of our solar system).


sol

sola (definite singular)
soler (indefinite plural)
solene (definite plural)

From Old Norse sól, from Proto-Germanic *sōl (“sun”).

Sola skin i dag.

Det er sol ute.


sol

sol-en (definite singular)
sol-ar (indefinite plural)
sol-ane (definite plural)
so (alternative)

From Latin solve, from the first word of the fifth line of Ut queant laxis, the medieval hymn on which solfège was based because its lines started on each note of the scale successively. Through Italian.

(music) sol (a syllable used in solfège to represent the fifth note of a major scale)


sol

From Proto-West Germanic *sōl, from Proto-Germanic *sōl (“sun”).


matahari

From Malay matahari. Equivalent to mata (“eye”) + hari (“day”).


matahari

ماتاهاري (Jawi)

Indonesian: matahari

sun (the star around which the Earth revolves)


日

/nʲitɨ/ → /nit͡ɕi/
From Middle Chinese 日 (MC nyit).


日

/d͡ʑitʉ/ → /d͡ʑit͡su/ → /ʑit͡su/
From Middle Chinese 日 (MC nyit). Compare modern Min Nan 日 (ji̍t).


日

日 (canonical)
hi (romanization)
陽 (alternative)

⟨pi₁⟩ → */pʲi/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pi (“day”).


daystar

From Middle English daysterre, from Old English dæġsteorra, equivalent to day + star. Cognate with Scots daystern (“morningstar; daystar”).

I only go outdoors at night, away from the daystar's burning glare.


ni

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *nii (“sun; day”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəj (“sun; day”).


soleil

Inherited from Middle French soleil, from Old French soleil, from Vulgar Latin *sōliculus, diminutive of Latin sōl (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


soleil

French: soleil


soleil

fro-noun

soleil oblique singular, m (oblique plural soleuz or soleilz, nominative singular soleuz or soleilz, nominative plural soleil)

soleil oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
soleuz (oblique plural)
soleilz (oblique plural)
soleuz (nominative singular)
soleilz (nominative singular)
soleil (nominative plural)
souleil (alternative)
soloil (alternative)

Gallo: soulai

Franc-Comtois: soroiye

Middle French: soleil

French: soleil

Norman: solé

Walloon: solea

From Vulgar Latin *sōliculus, diminutive of Latin sōl (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. Compare Old Occitan solelh.


ήλιος

ílios (romanization)
ήλιοι (plural)
ήλιος (nominative singular)
ήλιοι (nominative plural)
ήλιου (genitive singular)
ηλίου (genitive singular)
ήλιων (genitive plural)
ηλίων (genitive plural)
ήλιο (accusative singular)
ήλιους (accusative plural)
ηλίους (accusative plural)
ήλιε (singular vocative)
ήλιοι (plural vocative)
Ήλιος (alternative)

el-decl-noun

Second forms are formal. The paroxytone forms are colloquial, plural forms are rare.

From Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun, sunlight”), from Proto-Hellenic *hāwélios, from a pre-Hellenic or later Proto-Indo-European *sāwélios, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.
Cognate with Mariupol Greek и́люс (íljus).

inh

Η Γη περιστρέφεται γύρω από τον Ήλιο.


sole

it-noun

sole m (plural soli, diminutive (colloquial) solicèllo or (uncommon) solicìno)

soli (plural)
solicèllo (colloquial diminutive)
solicìno (diminutive uncommon)

From Sole, from Latin sōlem, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. Cognates include Greek ήλιος (ílios), Icelandic sól, Hindi सूर्य (sūrya), and Russian со́лнце (sólnce).

E tu onore di pianti, Ettore, avrai ¶ […] finché il Sole ¶ Risplenderà sulle sciagure umane.

1807, Ugo Foscolo, Dei Sepolcri, Molini, Landi e comp., published 1809, page 20:

And you, Hector, will be honored with cryings ¶ […] as long as the Sun ¶ will shine on the misfortunes of mankind.


sole

Steva chiuvenno, po' è asciuto 'o sole.


sonne

sonnes (plural)
sunne (alternative)
sone (alternative)
son (alternative)
sune (alternative)
sun (alternative)
sunna (alternative)
sunnæ (alternative)
synne (alternative)
soen (alternative)
zunne (alternative)
zonne (alternative)

English: sun

Scots: sun

Yola: zin

From Old English sunne, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ.

14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 7-8.
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
Hath in the Ram his halfe cours yronne,

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

The brightest and warmest celestial body, considered to be a planet in the Ptolemic system; the Sun.


sunspot

(astronomy) A region on the sun's surface with a lower temperature than its surroundings and intense magnetic activity.


zon

nl-noun

zon f (plural zonnen, diminutive zonnetje n)

zonnen (plural)
zonnetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: son

Berbice Creole Dutch: sono

Jersey Dutch: zon

Negerhollands: son, zon

→ Sranan Tongo: son (see there for further descendants)

From Middle Dutch sonne, from Old Dutch sunna, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sóh₂wl̥.

De zon schijnt vandaag erg fel.

De aarde draait om de zon.

In de zomer komt de zon vroeg op.


شمس

ur-noun

شَمْس • (śams) m (formal plural شُمُوس (śumūs), Hindi spelling शम्स)

شَمْس (canonical)
śams (romanization)
شُمُوس (formal plural)
शम्स (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَمْس (šams), from Arabic شَمْس (šams).


солнце

ru-noun+

со́лнце • (sólnce) n inan (genitive со́лнца, nominative plural со́лнца, genitive plural солнц, relational adjective со́лнечный, diminutive со́лнышко)

со́лнце (canonical)
sólnce (romanization)
со́лнца (genitive)
со́лнца (nominative plural)
солнц (genitive plural)
со́лнечный (adjective relational)
со́лнышко (diminutive)
со́лнце (nominative singular)
со́лнца (nominative plural)
со́лнца (genitive singular)
со́лнц (genitive plural)
со́лнцу (dative singular)
со́лнцам (dative plural)
со́лнце (accusative singular)
со́лнца (accusative plural)
со́лнцем (instrumental singular)
со́лнцами (instrumental plural)
со́лнце (prepositional singular)
со́лнцах (plural prepositional)
со́лнце (dated nominative singular)
со́лнца (dated nominative plural)
со́лнца (dated genitive singular)
со́лнцъ (dated genitive plural)
со́лнцу (dated dative singular)
со́лнцамъ (dated dative plural)
со́лнце (accusative dated singular)
со́лнца (accusative dated plural)
со́лнцемъ (dated instrumental singular)
со́лнцами (dated instrumental plural)
со́лнцѣ (dated prepositional singular)
со́лнцахъ (dated plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic сълньце (sŭlnĭce), from Proto-Slavic *sъlnьce, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥, whence English sun, solar and helium.

inh+

восхо́д со́лнца


sino

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sinaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *siNaʀ.


corona

en-noun

corona (plural coronas or coronae or (obsolete) coronæ)

coronas (plural)
coronae (plural)
coronæ (obsolete plural)

→ Japanese: コロナ (korona)

The noun is borrowed from Latin corōna (“crown; garland, wreath”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē, “type of crown; curved object (door handle, tip of a bow, stern of a ship, etc.)”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). The English word is a doublet of crown, korona, koruna, krona, króna, and krone.
The plural form coronae is borrowed from Latin corōnae.
The verb is derived from the noun.

laki

upper or crownlike portion of certain parts of the body

kruunu

appendage of an organism that resembles a crown or corona

My investigations seem to prove conclusively that the theoretical corona is caused by light emitted and reflected from streams of matter ejected from the Sun by forces which, in general, act along lines normal to the surface. These forces are most active near the center of each Sun-spot zone.

1890 April 11, J[ohn] M[artin] Schaeberle, “A Mechanical Theory of the Solar Corona”, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, volume I, number 6, London: Royal Astronomical Society, […], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 372:

The corona is a high-temperature portion of the Sun's outer atmosphere, beginning slightly above the visible surface and extending hundreds of thousands of kilometers, or further, into interplanetary space.

2010, Leon Golub, Jay M[yron] Pasachoff, “Introduction”, in The Solar Corona, 2nd edition, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 1:

The luminous plasma atmosphere of the Sun (the solar corona) or other star, extending millions of kilometres into space, most easily seen during a total solar eclipse.

korona

luminous plasma atmosphere of the Sun or other star

[page 49] Upon this true "mackarel sky" was depicted one of those glorious coronæ, only seen at great elevations or in high Latitudes. […] [page 50] The corona was composed of two colours, violet on the edge nearest to the sun and red on the outer edge, the two colours blending together and forming a neutral tint in the middle of the corona; the order here observed with regard to the colours is similar to that observed in the rainbow.

1854, Walter Stanhope Sherwill, “Notes upon Some Atmospherical Phenomena Observed at Darjiling in the Himalayah Mountains, during the Summer of 1852”, in Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, volume XXIII, number LXV, Calcutta: […] J. Thomas, Baptist Mission Press, published 1855, →OCLC, pages 49 and 50:

[page 214, paragraph 423] The sun and moon, when partially covered by light, fleecy clouds, are often seen encircled by one or more colored rings, which are called coronæ. […] In order to examine coronæ about the sun, it is best to view them by reflection from a blackened mirror, by which means the brilliancy of the sun's light is very much reduced. […] [page 215, paragraph 425] Coronæ are produced by the diffraction of the rays of light in their passage through the small intervals between the particles of condensed vapor in a cloud.

1868, Elias Loomis, “Optical Meteorology”, in A Treatise on Meteorology. […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, section IV (Coronæ), pages 214 and 215:

The increasing light eventually erases the moon's glowing corona, her pendant chandelier of light pales into insignificance as the new day breaks.

2013, Alfred Grossmith Mason, “14 September 1942”, in Julie Grossmith Deltrice, editor, Arctic Warriors: A Personal Account of Convoy PQ18, Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Maritime, Pen & Sword Books, →ISBN, page 55:

(meteorology) A circle or set of circles visible around a bright celestial object, especially the Sun or the Moon, attributable to an optical phenomenon produced by the diffraction of its light by small water droplets or tiny ice crystals.


howl

From Proto-Celtic *sāwol (compare Welsh haul, Breton heol; compare also Irish súil (“eye”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


insolation

en-noun

insolation (usually uncountable, plural insolations)

Borrowed from French insolation, from Latin insolatio (“a setting or placing in the sun”).

uder

The difference in insolation between north-facing and south-facing slopes can affect microclimates as much as hundreds of miles of north-south distance on level ground.

The incident radiant energy emitted by the sun which reaches a unit area over a period of time, typically measured over a horizontal area at the Earth's surface or at the top of Earth's atmosphere.


słońce

pl-noun

słońce n (diminutive słonko, related adjective słoneczny)

słonko (diminutive)
słoneczny (adjective)
słońce (nominative singular)
słońca (nominative plural)
słońca (genitive singular)
słońc (genitive plural)
słońcu (dative singular)
słońcom (dative plural)
słońce (accusative singular)
słońca (accusative plural)
słońcem (instrumental singular)
słońcami (instrumental plural)
słońcu (locative singular)
słońcach (locative plural)
słońce (singular vocative)
słońca (plural vocative)

/ˈsɫɔɲ.t͡sɛ/

(astronomy) sun (star, especially when seen as the centre of any single solar system)

sun, sunlight (light emitted by the sun)

sun (sunny place, place receiving sunshine)

(endearing) sunshine (person that is endeared by the speaker)


heliocentric

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-heliocentric.wav

a heliocentric coordinate system

a heliocentric orbit

To make the Catalogue of Eclipses, as also the Table of the Parallaxes of [Jupiter], it was necessary first to make a Table of [Jupiter]' Heliocentrick places, to which the Parallaxes being applied, give the Geocentrick.

1685, J. Flamsteed, Philosophical Transactions, XV, p. 1217:

Apollyon, who, as god of the sun, has a certain stake in the matter, teaches the Prior the truth of what the Greeks, Pythagoras' disciples, knew many years before— the nature of the heliocentric (or pyrocentric) planetary system.

1967, Gerald Cornelius Monsman, Pater's Portraits: Mythic Pattern in the Fiction of Walter Pater, pages 187–188:

(astronomy) Having the sun at the center/centre; usually in reference to a coordinate system or orbit. [from 17th c.]

(cosmology) Of or relating to heliocentrism.


solar prominence

en-noun

solar prominence (plural solar prominences)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-solar prominance.wav

(astronomy) Any of the large eruptions of luminous hydrogen gas that rise thousands of kilometers above the chromosphere of the Sun.


sore

head

sore m (definite singular sorele, plural sori)

sorele (definite singular)
sori (plural)

From Latin sōl, sōlem (compare Romanian soare); from Proto-Italic [Term?], from pre-Italic *sh₂wōl, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. Compare Romanian soare.


sul

From Latin sōl. Compare Dalmatian saul, Venetan sołe, Italian sole.


heliograph

It was a lieutenant and a couple of privates of the 8th Hussars, with a stand like a theodolite, which the artilleryman told me was a heliograph.

1895–1897, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, “What I Saw of the Destruction of Weybridge and Shepperton”, in The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, published 1898, →OCLC, book I (The Coming of the Martians), page 91:

And Love had made him very sage, as Nature made her fair; / So Cupid and Apollo linked, per heliograph, the pair.

1919, Rudyard Kipling, “A Code of Morals”, in Departmental Ditties and Ballads and Barrack-Room Ballads:

when we stood up at nightfall we saw, in the sunset, the sparkle of the heliograph above cities, on the far side of the horizon.

1979, Alasdair Gray, “Five Letters From an Eastern Empire”, in Every Short Story 1951-2012, Canongate, published 2012, page 93:

An apparatus for signalling by means of a moveable mirror which reflects flashes of sunlight.

An instrument for measuring the intensity of sunlight.


heliograph

en-verb

heliograph (third-person singular simple present heliographs, present participle heliographing, simple past and past participle heliographed)

heliographs (present singular third-person)
heliographing (participle present)
heliographed (participle past)
heliographed (past)

With damnatory dot and dash he heliographed his wife / Some interesting details of the General's private life.

(transitive) To send a message by heliograph.

(transitive, dated) To photograph by sunlight.


helioscope

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-helioscope.wav

(astronomy) An apparatus for viewing the Sun without harming the eye, by means of an optical filter that attenuates most of sunlight while allowing only a small amount of the solar radiation.


heliostat

Circa 1750, from New Latin heliostata, from Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”) + Latin status (“stationary”).

In reply, the clockwork heliostats that had tracked the sun to reflect light into the indoor areas during the day now swivelled towards the street lamp to do the same for the night.

2024, Jasper Fforde, Red Side Story, Hodder & Stoughton, page 90:

A device that includes a plane mirror which turns so as to keep reflecting sunlight toward a predetermined target, compensating for the sun's apparent motions in the sky. The target may be a physical object, distant from the heliostat, or a direction in space, and is almost always stationary relative to the heliostat, so the light is reflected in a fixed direction.

heliòstat

device to continuously reflect sunlight toward a predetermined target, almost always in some fixed direction, despite the sun's motions in the sky


太陽系

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹ hɐi̯²²/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹ he⁵⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹ ne⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² he²²/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ he³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³⁻³³ he³³/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² he⁴¹/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³⁻²² he²²/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hi³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹ hɐi̯²²/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹ he⁵⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹ ne⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² he²²/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ he³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³⁻³³ he³³/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² he⁴¹/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³⁻²² he²²/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hi³⁵/


太陽系

ja-pos

太(たい)陽(よう)系(けい) • (Taiyōkei) ^(←たいやうけい (Taiyaukei)?)

太陽系 (canonical)
Taiyōkei (romanization)
Taiyaukei (romanization)
たいやうけい (hiragana historical)

[2001 August 27, Kozue Amano, “Navigation(ナビゲーション)01(れいいち) 水(みず)の惑(わく)星(せい) [Navigation 01: The Water Planet]”, in AQUA(アクア) [AQUA], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Enix, →ISBN, page 5:

You have been on Solar System Spaceline’s Tokyo–New Venice flight. Thank you for using our services. We are about to enter the planet Aqua’s atmosphere.

本日は太陽系航宙社東京゠ネオ・ヴェネツィア便をご利用いただき まことにありがとうございます 当機はまもなく 惑星アクアの大気圏に突入します

Honjitsu wa Taiyōkei Kōchūsha Tōkyō-Neo Venetsia bin o goriyō itadaki Makoto ni arigatō gozaimasu Tōki wa mamonaku wakusei Akua no taikiken ni totsunyū shimasu


太陽

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (太陽):
* → Japanese: 太陽(たいよう) (taiyō)
* → Korean: 태양(太陽) (taeyang)
* → Vietnamese: thái dương (太陽)

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑ̃ɻ³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑ̃ɻ¹/

/tʰai²¹³ iaŋ²¹/

/tʰɛ⁴⁴ iɑŋ²⁴/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/tʰai²¹³⁻²¹ iɔŋ¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/tʰai⁴⁵ iɒ̃¹¹⁻⁵³/

/tʰuɛ³³ iɔŋ³³/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iaŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵⁵ iɔ²²/

/tʰa³³ ɦiã⁴⁴/

/tʰɑ⁵³ ɦiæ̃³¹/

/tʰa⁵⁵ ɦiaŋ²³/

/tʰa⁴⁴ ɦiã³¹/

/tʰa³³ ɦiaŋ³³/

/tʰa⁵⁵ ɦiã³³/

/tʰɑ⁵² ɦiã¹¹/

/tʰɛ³⁵ ɦiɪ̃³³/

/tʰɛ⁵⁵ ɦiæ̃²¹/

/tʰɛ³³ ɦiã¹⁴/

/tʰai̯⁴⁵ i̯æn¹³/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑ̃ɻ³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑ̃ɻ¹/

/tʰai²¹³ iaŋ²¹/

/tʰɛ⁴⁴ iɑŋ²⁴/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/tʰai²¹³⁻²¹ iɔŋ¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/tʰai⁴⁵ iɒ̃¹¹⁻⁵³/

/tʰuɛ³³ iɔŋ³³/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iaŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵⁵ iɔ²²/

/tʰa³³ ɦiã⁴⁴/

/tʰɑ⁵³ ɦiæ̃³¹/

/tʰa⁵⁵ ɦiaŋ²³/

/tʰa⁴⁴ ɦiã³¹/

/tʰa³³ ɦiaŋ³³/

/tʰa⁵⁵ ɦiã³³/

/tʰɑ⁵² ɦiã¹¹/

/tʰɛ³⁵ ɦiɪ̃³³/

/tʰɛ⁵⁵ ɦiæ̃²¹/

/tʰɛ³³ ɦiã¹⁴/

/tʰai̯⁴⁵ i̯æn¹³/

Maybe named because the sun was considered as the greatest extreme of yang (陽), one of the two primary forces in Chinese belief.

太陽章

The Sun, the ninety-first sura of the Qur'an


太陽

太陽 (canonical)
taiyō (romanization)
taiyau (romanization)
たいやう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 太陽 (MC thajH yang, “sun”).

太陽電池

太陽電池 たいようでんち


sunshine

en-noun

sunshine (usually uncountable, plural sunshines)

sunshines (plural)
sun-shine (alternative)

In the Coverdale Bible in 1535, in Genesis and Exodus about 1250 as Middle English sunnesine; synchronically sun + shine. Compare isolated Old English sunsċīn (“mirror”).

OK, sunshine, listen up and listen good. There's five vandalised telephone boxes out there and I know you're responsible.

(UK, Ireland) Ironic form of address used to an inferior or troublemaker.


heliocentrism

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Shortened from heliocentricism, from heliocentric + -ism, from Ancient Greek ἥλῐος (hḗlĭos, “sun”) + κέντρον (kéntron, “centre”), equivalent to helio- + -centrism.

You would think the practitioners of the dismal science of economics would look at their demand curves and the data on incomes and taxes and pronounce a verdict, the way Galileo and Copernicus did when they showed that geocentrism was a fantasy because the Earth revolves around the sun (known as heliocentrism).

2012, David Cay Johnston, chapter 16, in Dean Starkman, Felix Salmon, Martha M. Hamilton, Ryan Chittum, editors, The Best Business Writing 2012, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 191:

Heliocentrism is not yet universally known or accepted. In a 1999 poll, 18 of Americans said that the sun revolves around the Earth, while 79 percent said Earth revolves around the sun.

2014, Rebecca Stefoff, chapter 4, in Andrew Coddington, Cynthia Roby, Peter Mavrikis, editors, The Sun and the Earth, 1st edition, New York: Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC, →ISBN, page 34:

(informal) The phenomenon of the Earth revolving around the Sun.


solar

From Late Middle English solar, from Latin sōlāris, from sōl (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).

a solar furnace


Helios

From Ancient Greek Ἥλιος (Hḗlios), from ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”).

(Greek mythology) The god of the Sun; son of Hyperion and Theia, brother of Selene and Eos, father of Phaeton amongst others. His Roman counterpart is Sol.


solar wind

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(astronomy) The outflow of charged particles from the solar corona into space. Because of the high temperature of the particles of the corona, they are moving at speeds higher than the solar escape velocity.


sunlight

sunlight (countable and uncountable, plural sunlights)

From Middle English sonnelight, sunneliht, from Old English sunnan lēoht (“sunlight”), equivalent to sun + light. Cognate with Dutch zonlicht (“sunlight”), German Low German Sünnenlücht (“sunlight”), German Sonnenlicht (“sunlight”).

cog

Sunlight on the skin gives you vitamin D.

The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.

2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:

Instead of using unpolarized sunlight as my light source and then filtering it with a polarizer, I can just use my screen as a source of polarized light.

2013 July 16, skullsinthestars, “Simple fun with polarizers!”, in Skulls in the Stars:

All the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun, especially that in the visible spectrum that bathes the Earth.

ضَوْء شَمْس

electromagnetic radiation given off by the sun


sunce

sȗnce (canonical neuter)
су̑нце (Cyrillic)
sȗnce (nominative singular)
sȗnca (nominative plural)
sȗnca (genitive singular)
sȕnācā (genitive plural)
sȗncā (genitive plural)
sȗncu (dative singular)
sȗncima (dative plural)
sȗnce (accusative singular)
sȗnca (accusative plural)
sȗnce (singular vocative)
sȗnca (plural vocative)
sȗncu (locative singular)
sȗncima (locative plural)
sȗncem (instrumental singular)
sȗncima (instrumental plural)

LL-Q9299 (srp)-Language learner 608960-Sunce.wav

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъlnьce, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


Ra

Transcription of Egyptian r:a-ra (rꜥ, “the sun; Ra”).

(Egyptian mythology) The Egyptian god of the Sun.


Sol

Sol (named after the solar eclipse on the day of his birth) was born in March 2015 with an undetected clot in his upper left arm.

2017 March 1, Marc Waddington, “How dad’s bionic arm invention is changing son’s life & prosthetics”, in Daily Post, № 51,073, page 6/2:


Sol

From Latin sōlem (“sun”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


Sonne

From Middle High German sunne, from Old High German sunna, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh̥₂uén-, oblique stem of *sóh₂wl̥.
Akin to Low German Sünn, Zunne, Dutch zon, English sun, West Frisian sinne, Icelandic sunna. Further Indo-European cognates include Latin sōl, Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Sanskrit सूर्य (sū́rya), Russian солнце (solnce), Lithuanian saulė, Welsh haul.

Die Sonne ist eine Lichtquelle.


Sun

the Sun (canonical)
sonne (alternative)
sunne (alternative)
sun (alternative)

From Middle English sunne, from Old English sunna, sunne (“sun; the Sun”), from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from the heteroclitic inanimate Proto-Indo-European *sh₂wén-, oblique form of *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun; the Sun”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Sunne, West Frisian sinne, Dutch zon, Old Dutch sunna, German Low German Sünn, Old Saxon sunna, German Sonne, Old High German sunna, Faroese sunna, Icelandic sunna, Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 (sunnō). More at sun.

inh

The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.


Słońce

Słońce (nominative singular)
Słońca (genitive singular)
Słońcu (dative singular)
Słońce (accusative singular)
Słońcem (instrumental singular)
Słońcu (locative singular)
Słońce (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъlnьce, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súlˀnis, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.

Sun (the star at the center of Solar System)


Солнце

ru-proper noun+

Со́лнце • (Sólnce) n inan (genitive Со́лнца, nominative plural Со́лнца, genitive plural Солнц)

Со́лнце (canonical)
Sólnce (romanization)
Со́лнца (genitive)
Со́лнца (nominative plural)
Солнц (genitive plural)
Со́лнце (nominative singular)
Со́лнца (nominative plural)
Со́лнца (genitive singular)
Со́лнц (genitive plural)
Со́лнцу (dative singular)
Со́лнцам (dative plural)
Со́лнце (accusative singular)
Со́лнца (accusative plural)
Со́лнцем (instrumental singular)
Со́лнцами (instrumental plural)
Со́лнце (prepositional singular)
Со́лнцах (plural prepositional)

Ru-Со́лнце.ogg


subsolar

en-adj

subsolar (comparative more subsolar, superlative most subsolar)

more subsolar (comparative)
most subsolar (superlative)
sub-solar (alternative)


daylight

en-noun

daylight (countable and uncountable, plural daylights)

daylights (plural)
day-light (alternative)

From Middle English daye-lighte, dey liȝht, dailiȝt, day-liht, dai-liht (also as days lyȝt, daies liht), equivalent to day + light. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Deegeslucht, Daisljoacht (“daylight”), West Frisian deiljocht (“daylight”), Dutch daglicht (“daylight”), German Tageslicht (“daylight”).

create daylight between oneself and someone

put daylight between oneself and someone

The light from the Sun, as opposed to that from any other source.

(countable, photometry) The intensity distribution of light over the visible spectrum generated by the Sun under various conditions or by other light sources intended to simulate natural daylight.

päivänvalo

photometry: natural daylight's intensity distribution of light over the visible spectrum

We should get home while it's still daylight.

The period of time between sunrise and sunset.

dia

All small running backs instinctively run to daylight.

He could barely see daylight through the complex clockwork.

Finally, after weeks of work on the project, they could see daylight.


sól

fo-noun

sól f (genitive singular sólar, plural sólir)

sólar (genitive singular)
sólir (plural)
sól (indefinite nominative singular)
sólin (definite nominative singular)
sólir (indefinite nominative plural)
sólirnar (definite nominative plural)
sól (accusative indefinite singular)
sólina (accusative definite singular)
sólir (accusative indefinite plural)
sólirnar (accusative definite plural)
sól (dative indefinite singular)
sólini (dative definite singular)
sólum (dative indefinite plural)
sólunum (dative definite plural)
sólar (genitive indefinite singular)
sólarinnar (definite genitive singular)
sóla (genitive indefinite plural)
sólanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse sól, from Proto-Germanic *sōl (“sun”).


sól

is-noun

sól f (genitive singular sólar, nominative plural sólir)

sólar (genitive singular)
sólir (nominative plural)
sól (indefinite nominative singular)
sólin (definite nominative singular)
sólir (indefinite nominative plural)
sólirnar (definite nominative plural)
sól (accusative indefinite singular)
sólu (accusative indefinite literary singular)
sólina (accusative definite singular)
sóluna (accusative definite rare singular)
sólir (accusative indefinite plural)
sólirnar (accusative definite plural)
sól (dative indefinite singular)
sólu (dative indefinite literary singular)
sólinni (dative definite singular)
sólunni (dative definite rare singular)
sólum (dative indefinite plural)
sólunum (dative definite plural)
sólar (genitive indefinite singular)
sólarinnar (definite genitive singular)
sóla (genitive indefinite plural)
sólna (genitive indefinite plural)
sólanna (definite genitive plural)
sólnanna (definite genitive plural)

Á Sprengisandi (“On Sprengisandur”) by Grímur Thomsen
Ríðum, ríðum og rekum yfir sandinn,
rennur sól á bak við Arnarfell,
hér á reiki er margur óhreinn andinn,
úr því fer að skyggja á jökulsvell;
Drottinn leiði drösulinn minn,
drjúgur verður síðasti áfanginn.
Ride, ride, ride hard across the sands,
the sun is settling behind Arnarfell.
Here many spirits of the dark
threaten in the gloom over the glacier's ice.
The Lord leads my horse,
it is still a long, long way home.

Sólin er björt.

the sun (star which illuminates one side of the Earth)


sól

sólar (genitive)
sól (indefinite nominative singular)
sólin (definite nominative singular)
sólar (indefinite nominative plural)
sólir (indefinite nominative plural)
sólarnar (definite nominative plural)
sólirnar (definite nominative plural)
sól (accusative indefinite singular)
sólina (accusative definite singular)
sólar (accusative indefinite plural)
sólir (accusative indefinite plural)
sólarnar (accusative definite plural)
sólirnar (accusative definite plural)
sól (dative indefinite singular)
sólu (dative indefinite singular)
sólinni (dative definite singular)
sólunni (dative definite singular)
sólum (dative indefinite plural)
sólunum (dative definite plural)
sólar (genitive indefinite singular)
sólarinnar (definite genitive singular)
sóla (genitive indefinite plural)
sólanna (definite genitive plural)
ᛋᚢᛚ (alternative)
ᛌᚢᛚ (alternative)
ᛋᛟᛚᚢ (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

sól

Icelandic: sól

Faroese: sól

Norn: sul

Norwegian Bokmål: sol

Norwegian Nynorsk: sol

Old Swedish: sōl

Swedish: sol

Danish: sol

Gutnish: sol, soli

→ Scots: sul, sool


solar flare

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(astronomy) A violent explosion in the Sun's atmosphere.


heliophobia

Individuals grappling with heliophobia may go to great lengths to avoid sunlight, impacting their physical health by limiting Vitamin D production and leading to feelings of isolation and despair.

2015 February 4, “Overcome the Fear of Sunlight: Therapy for Heliophobia”, in Transform Psychology:


daglig

From Dutch daglicht. Equivalent to dag + lig.


helioseismology

Helioseismology, like terrestrial seismology, provides information about the interior of the body under study by using observations of slight motions on the surface.

1989, John N. Bahcall, Neutrino Astrophysics, Cambridge University Press, page 104:

Helioseismology provides unique information about the global dynamics of the Sun and local flows in active regions in the upper convection zone.

2003, Alexander Kosovichev, “Helioseismic Observations of Plasma Motions in the Solar Convection Zone”, in R. Erdélyi, K. Petrovay, B. Roberts, Markus Aschwanden, editors, Turbulence, Waves and Instabilities in the Solar Plasma: Proceedings of the NATO Research Workshop, Kluwer Academic, page 57:

2012, T. L. Duvall, Jr., S. M. Hanasoge, Subsurface Supergranular Vertical Flows as Measured Using Large Distance Separations in Time-Distance Helioseismology, Solar Physics, reprinted in 2014, Nagi N. Mansour, Alexander G. Kosovichev, Rudolf Komm, Dana Longcope (editors), Solar Dynamics and Magnetism from the Interior to the Atmosphere, Springer, page 71,
We find that the large-separation travel times associated with supergranulation cannot be studied using the standard phase-speed filters of time–distance helioseismology.

The study of the propagation of pressure waves in the Sun.

helioseismologia

the study of the propagation of pressure waves in the Sun


sunne

sunne (nominative singular)
sunnan (nominative plural)
sunnan (accusative singular)
sunnan (accusative plural)
sunnan (genitive singular)
sunnena (genitive plural)
sunnan (dative singular)
sunnum (dative plural)
sunna (alternative)
sunnu (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: sonne, sunne, sone, son, sune, sun, sunna, sunnæ, synne, soen, zunne (Southern West Mid), zonne (Kent)
English: sun
Scots: sun
Yola: zin

From Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh̥₂uén-, oblique stem of *sóh₂wl̥.

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
An. DCCLXXIII Hēr ōþēowde rēad Crīstes mǣl on heofonum æfter sunnan setlgange. ⁊ þȳ ġēare ġefuhtan Myrċe ⁊ Cantware æt Ottanforda.

Year 773 In this year a red crucifix appeared in the heavens after the setting of the sun. And in that year, Mercia and Kent fought at Otford.


ἥλιος

grc-noun

ἥλῐος • (hḗlĭos) m (genitive ἡλῐ́ου); second declension

ἥλῐος (canonical)
hḗlĭos (romanization)
ἡλῐ́ου (genitive)
ὁ ἥλῐος (nominative singular)
τοῦ ἡλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τῷ ἡλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τὸν ἥλῐον (accusative singular)
ἥλῐε (singular vocative)
ᾱ̓βέλῐος (alternative)
ἀϝέλιος (alternative)
ᾱ̓έλῐος (alternative)
ᾱ̔́λῐος (alternative)
ἠέλῐος (alternative)
βέλα (alternative)
ϝέλα (alternative)

Greek: ήλιος (ílios)

Italiot Greek: ilio

Mariupol Greek: и́люс (íljus)

→ Sanskrit: हेलि (heli)

From Proto-Hellenic *hāwélios, from a pre-Hellenic or later Proto-Indo-European *sāwélios, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic слъньцє (slŭnĭce), Latin sol, Sanskrit सूर (sūra) and सूर्य (sūrya) and स्वर् (svar), Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Persian خور (xwar).


parhelion

en-noun

parhelion (plural parhelia or parhelions)

From Latin parelion, from Ancient Greek παρήλιον (parḗlion), from παρά (pará) + ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”).

Synonym of sun dog (“a bright spot in the sky, usually one of two on the parhelic circle on both sides of the sun (or occasionally above and below it), caused by the refraction of the sun's image through ice crystals”)

parhelium

synonym of sun dog (cognates) — see also sun dog


Solar System

the Solar System (canonical)
Solar system (alternative)
solar system (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Solar System.wav

This morning we are celebrating a beginning. A beginning of what we think is great promise. It's the opening of a new era in the history of manned space flight. We are ready to take that first great step out into the Solar System and onto the surface of the nearest of the many mysterious worlds that surround us in Space.

November 2, 1968, President Lyndon Johnson, 5:32 from the start, in The President: November 1968. MP902 (1280x720), Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum:

(astronomy) The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids, and comets.

Sonnestelsel

the Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it


सूर्य

sūrya (romanization)
سوریہ (Urdu)
सूर्य (direct singular)
सूर्य (direct plural)
सूर्य (oblique singular)
सूर्यों (oblique plural)
सूर्य (singular vocative)
सूर्यो (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सूर्य (sūrya).


सूर्य

sū́rya (romanization)
metrical Vedic sū́riya (romanization)
सूर्यः (nominative singular)
सूर्यौ (dual nominative)
सूर्या1 (dual nominative)
सूर्याः (nominative plural)
सूर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
सूर्य (singular vocative)
सूर्यौ (dual vocative)
सूर्या1 (dual vocative)
सूर्याः (plural vocative)
सूर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
सूर्यम् (accusative singular)
सूर्यौ (accusative dual)
सूर्या1 (accusative dual)
सूर्यान् (accusative plural)
सूर्येण (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
सूर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूर्याय (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यात् (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्ये (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्येषु (locative plural)

A -य (-ya) extension of the base सूर् (sū́r), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xur), English sun. Also related to स्वर् (svàr, “sun”) and सूर (sū́ra, “sun”).

ए॒वा पा॑हि प्र॒त्नथा॒ मन्द॑तु त्वा श्रु॒धि ब्रह्म॑ वावृ॒धस्वो॒त गी॒र्भिः।
आ॒विः सूर्यं॑ कृणु॒हि पी॑पि॒हीषो॑ ज॒हि शत्रूँ॑र॒भि गा इ॑न्द्र तृन्धि॥
evā́ pāhi pratnáthā mándatu tvā śrudhí bráhma vāvṛdhásvotá gīrbhíḥ.

O Indra, drink it as of old, and may it exhilarate you; hear our prayer, and be exalted by our praises; make the sun visible, nourish us with food, destroy our enemies and rescue the cattle.

āvíḥ sū́ryaṃ kṛṇuhí pīpihī́ṣo jahí śátrūm̐rabhí gā́ indra tṛndhi.


सूर्य

sū́rya (romanization)
metrical Vedic sū́riya (romanization)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އިރު (iru)

Sinhalese: ඉර (ira)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (sujja)

Sindhi: सिॼु(sijju)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਸਿਝ (sijha) (archaic)

Pali: surya

→ Assamese: সূৰুয (xuruz)

→ Bengali: সূর্য (śurjo)

→ Gujarati: સૂરજ (sūraj)

→ Hindi: सूर्य (sūrya), सूरज (sūraj)

→ Khmer: សុរិយ (soreyaʼ)

→ Kannada: ಸೂರ್ಯ (sūrya)

→ Konkani: सूर्य (sūrya)

→ Malayalam: സൂര്യന് (sūryaṉ)

→ Malay: suria
Indonesian: surya

→ Marathi: सूर्य (sūrya)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: sūrya
Javanese: ꦱꦸꦂꦪ (surya), ꦱꦺꦴꦂꦪ (sorya)
→ Balinese: ᬲᬹᬃᬬ (surya)

→ Odia: ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟ (surjya)

→ Nepali: सूर्य (sūrya)

→ Newar: सूर्द्य (sūrdya)

→ Punjabi: ਸੂਰਜ (sūraj) / سورج (sūraj)

→ Marwari: सूरज (sūraj)

→ Sindhi: سوُرَجُ (sūraju)

→ Sinhalese: සූර්යයා (sūryayā)

→ Tamil: சூரியன் (cūriyaṉ)

→ Telugu: సూర్యుడు (sūryuḍu)

desc

→ Thai: สุริยา

→ Thai: สุริยา

→ Burmese: သူရိယ (suri.ya.)

→ Urdu: سورج (sūraj)

त॒रणि॑र्वि॒श्वद॑र्शतो ज्योति॒ष्कृद॑सि सूर्य।
विश्व॒मा भा॑सि रोच॒नम्॥
taráṇirviśvádarśato jyotiṣkṛ́dasi sūrya.
víśvamā́ bhāsi rocanám.

Swift and all beautiful art thou, O Sūrya, maker of the light,

(Vedic religion, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) Surya, the Vedic solar deity


सूर्य

sū́rya (romanization)
सूर्यः (nominative singular)
सूर्यौ (dual nominative)
सूर्या1 (dual nominative)
सूर्याः (nominative plural)
सूर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
सूर्य (singular vocative)
सूर्यौ (dual vocative)
सूर्या1 (dual vocative)
सूर्याः (plural vocative)
सूर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
सूर्यम् (accusative singular)
सूर्यौ (accusative dual)
सूर्या1 (accusative dual)
सूर्यान् (accusative plural)
सूर्येण (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
सूर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूर्याय (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यात् (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्ये (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्येषु (locative plural)
सूर्या (nominative singular)
सूर्ये (dual nominative)
सूर्याः (nominative plural)
सूर्ये (singular vocative)
सूर्ये (dual vocative)
सूर्याः (plural vocative)
सूर्याम् (accusative singular)
सूर्ये (accusative dual)
सूर्याः (accusative plural)
सूर्यया (instrumental singular)
सूर्या1 (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्याभिः (instrumental plural)
सूर्यायै (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्याभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यायाः (ablative singular)
सूर्यायै2 (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यायाः (genitive singular)
सूर्यायै2 (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्यायाम् (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्यासु (locative plural)
सूर्यम् (nominative singular)
सूर्ये (dual nominative)
सूर्याणि (nominative plural)
सूर्या1 (nominative plural)
सूर्य (singular vocative)
सूर्ये (dual vocative)
सूर्याणि (plural vocative)
सूर्या1 (plural vocative)
सूर्यम् (accusative singular)
सूर्ये (accusative dual)
सूर्याणि (accusative plural)
सूर्या1 (accusative plural)
सूर्येण (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
सूर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूर्याय (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यात् (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्ये (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्येषु (locative plural)


midnight sun

en-noun

midnight sun (usually uncountable, plural midnight suns)

He has only retained three engravings; namely, a map of the country, which is very little known, from Torneo to North Cape; a View of Torneo by the midnight moon; and a View of North Cape by the midnight sun.

1806 November, “Observanda Externa [Lapland. North Cape.]”, in The Literary Panorama. […], volume I, London: Printed by Cox, Son, and Baylis, […] for C. Taylor, […], published 1807, →OCLC, column 414:

Locked icebergs splintering through the awful night; / And quenchless midnight suns with their wild scarlet light.

1856 August 28, Alfred B[illings] Street, Science: A Poem Dedicated to the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Albany, August 28, 1856, Albany, N.Y.: Van Benthuysen, printer, […], →OCLC, page 6:

This wonderful midnight sun has a peculiar effect on the polar vegetation. Although the foliage of ligneous plants, such as shrubs and trees, which here sink down to the condition of dwarfs, is tough and coriaceous, and of a dark and sombre green, gloomy as the long night of the polar world, yet in the steady light which comes from the sun as he circulates above the horizon for weeks, that sombre green tint of the foliage is beautifully softened in the grasses and other herbaceous plants.

1863 January 3, “The Sleep of Plants”, in William, Robert Chambers, editors, Chambers’s Journal of Popular Literature, Science and Arts, volume XIX, number 470, London, Edinburgh: Printed and published by W. & R. Chambers, […], →OCLC, pages 15–16:

But when we come to the winter solstice, we get no more midnight suns: as shown in the figure, all the circle is situated in the shaded portion; hence, again in spite of the Earth's rotation, we cannot get out of the darkness, and we do not see the Sun even at noonday.

1868, J[oseph] Norman Lockyer, “Lesson XII.—The Earth’s Movements. Rotation. Movement Round the Sun. Succession of Day and Night.”, in Elementary Lessons in Astronomy, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, paragraph 171, page 70:

Like the seasons, the "Midnight Sun" has its origin in the inclination of the earth's axis during its annual motion. […] The effect of this inclination is to produce variations in the length of the day to such an extent, that in polar regions the duration of sunlight is reckoned in months instead of hours.

1894, J[oseph] Norman Lockyer, “The Midnight Sun”, in Spitzbergen and Norway in August 1894: Pleasure Cruise to the “Land of the Midnight Sun” and the Spizbergen Polar Sea, by the Orient Company’s S. S. “Lusitania,” Leaving London August 1st, 1894, London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Limited. […], →OCLC, page 61:

There are strange things done in the midnight sun / By the men who moil for gold; / The Arctic trails have their secret tales / That would make your blood run cold; / The Northern Lights have seen queer sights, / But the queerest they ever did see / Was that night on the marge of Lake Lebarge / I cremated Sam McGee.

1907, Robert W[illiam] Service, “The Cremation of Sam McGee”, in The Spell of the Yukon and Other Verses, New York, N.Y.: Barse & Hopkins, publishers, →OCLC, page 50:

The phenomenon occurring when the Sun does not set but only approaches the horizon at midnight; it occurs near the summer solstice in the polar regions.

sol de mitjanit

phenomenon occurring when Sun does not set


soare

sori (plural)
soare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
soarele (accusative definite nominative singular)
sori (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
sorii (accusative definite nominative plural)
soare (indefinite singular)
soarelui (definite singular)
sori (indefinite singular)
sorilor (definite plural)
soare (singular vocative)
sorilor (vocative)

Inherited from Latin sōl, sōlem, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


Sonnenaufgang

de-noun

Sonnenaufgang m (strong, genitive Sonnenaufganges or Sonnenaufgangs, plural Sonnenaufgänge)

Sonnenaufganges (genitive)
Sonnenaufgangs (genitive)
Sonnenaufgänge (plural)
Sonnenaufgang (nominative singular)
Sonnenaufgänge (definite nominative plural)
Sonnenaufganges (genitive singular)
Sonnenaufgangs (genitive singular)
Sonnenaufgänge (definite genitive plural)
Sonnenaufgang (dative singular)
Sonnenaufgange (dative singular)
Sonnenaufgängen (dative definite plural)
Sonnenaufgang (accusative singular)
Sonnenaufgänge (accusative definite plural)

/ˈzɔnənˌaʊ̯fɡaŋ/

/ˌzɔnənˈaʊ̯fɡaŋ/

From Old High German sunnūn ūfgang, from West Germanic *sunnōn upgang. Cognate with Dutch zonsopgang, Old English sunnan upgang. Equivalent to Sonne (“sun”) + -n- + Aufgang (“rising”).

af

Coordinate term: Mondaufgang


sunna

is-noun

sunna f (genitive singular sunnu, nominative plural sunnur)

sunnu (genitive singular)
sunnur (nominative plural)
sunna (indefinite nominative singular)
sunnan (definite nominative singular)
sunnur (indefinite nominative plural)
sunnurnar (definite nominative plural)
sunnu (accusative indefinite singular)
sunnuna (accusative definite singular)
sunnur (accusative indefinite plural)
sunnurnar (accusative definite plural)
sunnu (dative indefinite singular)
sunnunni (dative definite singular)
sunnum (dative indefinite plural)
sunnunum (dative definite plural)
sunnu (genitive indefinite singular)
sunnunnar (definite genitive singular)
sunna (genitive indefinite plural)
sunnanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse sunna, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂wen- < *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).
Germanic cognates: Faroese sunna, English sun, West Frisian sinne, Low German Sünn, Zunne, Dutch zon, German Sonne, Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 (sunnō).
Indo-European cognates: Sanskrit स्वर् (svar), Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sol, Old Church Slavonic слъньцє (slŭnĭce), Russian солнце (solnce), Latvian saũle, Welsh haul.


sunna

sunna (nominative singular)
sunnun (nominative plural)
sunnūn (accusative singular)
sunnun (accusative plural)
sunnūn (genitive singular)
sunnōno (genitive plural)
sunnūn (dative singular)
sunnōm (dative plural)
sunnōn (dative plural)

desctree

Middle High German: sunne f or m
Alemannic German: Sunnä
Italian Walser: sunna, sunnu, sònnò, ŝchunna, ŝchunnà
Bavarian: Son
Cimbrian: sunn, sonde, zunna
Mòcheno: sunn
Udinese: suna, sune, sunne
Viennese: Sun
Central Franconian: Sonn, Sunn (rarer variant)
Hunsrik: Sunn, Sonn
Luxembourgish: Sonn
German: Sonne
Rhine Franconian:
Palatine German: Sunn
Pennsylvania German: Sunn
Vilamovian: zunn, zun
Yiddish: זון (zun)

From Proto-West Germanic *sunnā (“sun”).


sunna

sunna (nominative singular)
sunnun (nominative plural)
sunnan (nominative plural)
sunnon (nominative plural)
sunnun (accusative singular)
sunnan (accusative singular)
sunnon (accusative singular)
sunnun (accusative plural)
sunnan (accusative plural)
sunnon (accusative plural)
sunnun (genitive singular)
sunnan (genitive singular)
sunnon (genitive singular)
sunnono (genitive plural)
sunnun (dative singular)
sunnan (dative singular)
sunnon (dative singular)
sunnun (dative plural)
sunnan (dative plural)
sunnon (dative plural)

Middle Low German: sunne, sonne f or m

Dutch Low Saxon: zunne

German Low German: Sünn, Sünne

Plautdietsch: Sonn


日光

/ʐ̩⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚² kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋit̚² koŋ²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kŋ̍³³/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kuĩ⁴⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kɔŋ³³/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ kuɑ̃²³/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚² kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋit̚² koŋ²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kŋ̍³³/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kuĩ⁴⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kɔŋ³³/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ kuɑ̃²³/


photoaging

The damaging effect of prolonged exposure to sunlight on the skin, especially wrinkling, discoloration and susceptibility to cancer


space velocity

en-noun

space velocity (plural space velocities)

(astronomy) The velocity of a star relative to the Sun


𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉

got-proper noun

𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 • (sunnō) f

sunnō (romanization)
𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 (nominative singular)
𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 (singular vocative)
𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽 (accusative singular)
𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍃 (genitive singular)
𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽 (dative singular)

From Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, derived from the oblique stem of *sóh₂wl̥, and cognate to Crimean Gothic sune and Old English sunne. The Indo-European lemma also yielded 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌻 (sauil), as well as Koine Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), which both of the Gothic terms translate.

𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌹𐌼: 𐌽𐌹 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌼𐍃, 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 . . . .

4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Book of Nehemiah (Codex Ambrosianus D) 7.3

And I said unto them, Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot; […] (KJV).

jah qaþ im: ni uslukaindau daurōns iairusalēms, und þatei urrinnai sunnō . . . .

𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃.

4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 5.45

That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. (KJV).

ei wairþaiþ sunjus attins izwaris þis in himinam, untē sunnōn seina urraneiþ ana ubilans jah gōdans, jah rigneiþ ana garaihtans.

𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸~𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸, 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 𐌽𐌹 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰.
þwairhaiþ~þan sijaiþ jah ni frawaurkjaiþ, sunnō ni dissigqai ana þwairhein izwara.

4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Epistle to the Ephesians (Codex Ambrosianus A) 4.26

Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath: (KJV).


sunburn

en-verb

sunburn (third-person singular simple present sunburns, present participle sunburning, simple past and past participle sunburned or (mostly Commonwealth) sunburnt)

sunburns (present singular third-person)
sunburning (participle present)
sunburned (participle past)
sunburned (past)
sunburnt (Commonwealth participle past)
sunburnt (Commonwealth past)

From Middle English *sunne burnen, *sonne brennen, *sunne brennen (suggested by derivatives sonne brennynge, sunne brennynge (“sunburn”, literally “sun-burning”) and sunne brente (“sunburnt”), equivalent to sun + burn. Compare West Frisian sinnebrân (“sunburn”), Dutch zonnebrand (“sunburn”), German Sonnenbrand (“sunburn”), Swedish solbränna (“sunburn”), and Icelandic sólbruni (“sunburn”), as well as Old English sunbryne (“sunburn”).

My Aunt charg’d me not to pull off my Glove for fear of Sun-burning my hand.

1668, John Dryden, Sir Martin Mar-all, London: H. Herringman, act II, page 11:

As we crossed the Colorado-Utah border I saw God in the sky in the form of huge gold sunburning clouds above the desert […]

1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 1, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC, part 3:

“Oh shoot, I’ve sunburned the top half of my boobs,” she said, frowning down her chest.

1989, Barbara Kingsolver, chapter 7, in The Bean Trees, New York: Harper and Row, page 95:

If you are serious about protecting your eyes, look into wearing goggles or alpine glasses that protect the sides of the eyes as well as the direct path of light into them. I once hiked up Mary’s Glacier wearing only a hat. That night after the hike I couldn’t sleep. I had sunburnt my eyes. It felt like hot pokers were being stuffed into my head. I could not open my eyes for four days.

1998, Kevin Ryan, The Illustrated Guide to Snowboarding, Masters Press, The McGraw-Hill Companies, →ISBN, page 106:

(transitive) To burn or tan (someone's skin) by the sun; to allow (a part of one's body) to become sunburnt.


sun dog

sun dogs (plural)
sundog (alternative)
sun-dog (alternative)

PIE word
 *sóh₂wl̥
From sun + dog (“(figurative) visible atmospheric or meteorological phenomenon”).

compound

December […] the 28th [1714], the Sun being an Hour high, appeared a Sun-Dog or Parhelion, the Sky full of flying Clouds.

1749, Thomas Short, A General Chronological History of the Air, Weather, Seasons, Meteors, &c. […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] Longman, […]; and A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 474:

Sun-dogs, called Mock Suns, becauſe they reſemble the ſun, are tvvo ſpots that frequently appear in a cloud vvhen the ſun ſhines through it, and vvhen he is about 15 to 20 degrees above the horizon. […] One is ſituated on the north, and the other on the ſouth ſide of the ſun. The refraction and reflection of the rays of light are the cauſe of theſe phænomena.

1791, Samuel Stearns, “Of the Cause of the Rain-bow, Meteors, Sun-dogs, Jack-with-a-lanthorn, Hurricanes, Trade-winds, Monsoons, Whirlwinds, Water-spouts, Clouds, Rain, Hail, Snow, Frost, Mist, Fog, and Dew— […]”, in The American Oracle. Comprehending an Account of Recent Discoveries in the Arts and Sciences, […], London: […] J[ames] Lackington, […]; and J. Parsons, […], →OCLC, page 167:

Two sundogs dread famine bring / A bloody war, and new-crown'd king.

1837 April, F. [pseudonym], “Notices by the Way Side—from Notes Taken in 1821. No. IV. Sacket’s Harbor.”, in The Monthly Traveller, or Spirit of the Periodical Press. […], volume VIII, number 4, Boston, Mass.: Badger & Porter, […], →OCLC, page 146, column 1:

The good fog heard—like a splitten sail, to the left and right she tore, / And they saw the sun-dogs in the haze and the seal upon the shore.

1896, Rudyard Kipling, “[The Seven Seas.] The Rhyme of the Three Sealers.”, in The Seven Seas, London: Methuen & Co. […], →OCLC, page 68:

Sometimes it is clear, and at midday the sun looks at us for a moment over the hills to the south. The northern lights flame in the sky, and the sun-dogs dance, and the air is filled with frost-dust.

1905, Jack London, “The Sun-dog Trail”, in Love of Life and Other Stories, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published September 1907 (December 1907 printing), →OCLC, pages 223–224:

A sun dog on each side of the sun foretell a bad storm in the night.

1935, Harry Middleton Hyatt, “Weather”, in Folk-lore from Adams County Illinois, New York, N.Y.: Memoirs of the Alma Egan Hyatt Foundation, →OCLC, paragraph 678, page 26:

Long understood also, is the fact that sundogs—colored spots of light to the right or left of the sun or moon—belong in the same class with halos.

1941 August 31, “When there’s a ring around the sun”, in John T. Curtis, editor, The Philadelphia Inquirer, volume 225, number 62, Philadelphia, Pa.: The Philadelphia Inquirer Co., →ISSN, →OCLC, “Everybody’s Weekly” section, page 2, column 4:

Every rainbow and every sundog remind us, "Yes, you are human and you often fail to live up to God's standards. But God's covenant is eternal, and God loves you nonetheless and not the less."

2000, Michael J. Coyner, “Sundogs and Other Signs”, in Prairie Wisdom: Reflections on Life in the Dakotas, Nashville, Tenn.: Abingdon Press, →ISBN, page 126:

Some videos seem to show sun dogs jumping around. […] No one is sure what causes these "jumping" sun dogs. Some scientists think the electric field from lightning in the cloud makes the ice crystals move. When the crystals move, the sun dog moves. But this is just a hypothesis. No one is sure what causes this phenomenon.

2017, Suzanne Garbe, “Sun Dogs”, in The Science behind Wonders of the Sun: Sun Dogs, Lunar Eclipses and Green Flash, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Raintree, Capstone Global Library, →ISBN, page 28:

A bright spot in the sky, usually one of two on a parhelic circle on both sides of the sun (or occasionally above and below it), caused by the refraction of the sun's image through ice crystals.

parhelium

bright spot in the sky caused by the refraction of the sun’s image through ice crystals

úlfakreppa

to the east and west of the sun simultaneously


heliomagnetism

the magnetic field, and associated activity, of the sun


полдень

ru-noun+

полу́дня,по́лдня

по́лдень • (póldenʹ) m inan (genitive полу́дня or по́лдня, nominative plural по́лдни, genitive plural по́лдней, relational adjective полу́денный)

по́лдень (canonical)
póldenʹ (romanization)
полу́дня (genitive)
по́лдня (genitive)
по́лдни (nominative plural)
по́лдней (genitive plural)
полу́денный (adjective relational)
по́лдень (irregular nominative singular)
по́лдни (irregular nominative plural)
полу́дня (genitive singular)
по́лдня (genitive irregular singular)
по́лдней (genitive irregular plural)
полу́дню (dative singular)
полу́дням (dative plural)
по́лдень (accusative irregular singular)
по́лдни (accusative irregular plural)
полу́днем (instrumental singular)
полу́днями (instrumental plural)
полу́дне (prepositional singular)
полу́днях (plural prepositional)

Ru-полдень.ogg

в по́лдень

пополу́дни

по́лдня

полдня́


太陽光

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰa³³ ɦiã⁵⁵ kuã²¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰa³³ ɦiã⁵⁵ kuã²¹/


hashiꞌ

a̠hashiꞌ (first-person possessive singular)
a̠-hashiꞌ (first-person possessive singular)
po̠hashiꞌ (first-person plural possessive)
po̠-hashiꞌ (first-person plural possessive)
hapo̠hashiꞌ (first-person inclusive possessive tri-plural)
hapo̠-hashiꞌ (first-person inclusive possessive tri-plural)
chi̠hashiꞌ (possessive second-person singular)
chi̠-hashiꞌ (possessive second-person singular)
hachi̠hashiꞌ (plural possessive second-person)
hachi̠hashiꞌ (possessive second-person tri-plural)
hachi̠-hashiꞌ (plural possessive second-person)
hachi̠-hashiꞌ (possessive second-person tri-plural)
i̠hashiꞌ (possessive third-person)
i̠-hashiꞌ (possessive third-person)

Mobilian: hashi

Inherited from Proto-Muskogean *xasiCi (“sun”).


日頭

Wutunhua: raitek

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ʐ̩ʔ⁵ tʰəɯ²⁴/

/ə²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/ɛɻ²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/zɐk̚²² tʰau²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵⁵ tʰɐu⁴²/

/n̠ʲit̚⁵ tʰɛu²/

/ŋit̚² tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋit⁵⁻² tʰeu⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ təu¹¹/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ tʰau⁵³/

/tiʔ⁴⁻¹ tʰau¹³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³²⁻²¹ tʰau¹¹/

/lit̚⁵⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³⁵⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁵³⁻¹ tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚³⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ tʰau²¹³/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/let̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/ɲət̚²⁴ tʰəu²¹/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dɤ²³/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dø²⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dɯ⁵³/

/ɦn̠ʲiəʔ²² dɵ⁵⁵/

/n̠ʲieʔ¹¹ dɤ⁵²/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dœʏ³⁵/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ døy/

/n̠ʲiəʔ²¹ diu¹⁴/

/ʐ̩²⁴ təu̯³/

/ni³⁵ di̯ɤ¹³⁻³³/

/ʑ̊i¹¹ d̥ɘu̯¹¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ʐ̩ʔ⁵ tʰəɯ²⁴/

/ə²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/ɛɻ²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/zɐk̚²² tʰau²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵⁵ tʰɐu⁴²/

/n̠ʲit̚⁵ tʰɛu²/

/ŋit̚² tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋit⁵⁻² tʰeu⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ təu¹¹/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ tʰau⁵³/

/tiʔ⁴⁻¹ tʰau¹³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³²⁻²¹ tʰau¹¹/

/lit̚⁵⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³⁵⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁵³⁻¹ tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚³⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ tʰau²¹³/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/let̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/ɲət̚²⁴ tʰəu²¹/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dɤ²³/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dø²⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dɯ⁵³/

/ɦn̠ʲiəʔ²² dɵ⁵⁵/

/n̠ʲieʔ¹¹ dɤ⁵²/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dœʏ³⁵/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ døy/

/n̠ʲiəʔ²¹ diu¹⁴/

/ʐ̩²⁴ təu̯³/

/ni³⁵ di̯ɤ¹³⁻³³/

/ʑ̊i¹¹ d̥ɘu̯¹¹/

[I want to] rest but cannot rest, and [I] wait for the sun to appear in the third watch.

Xiū jí wèi néng xiū, qiě dài sāngēng jiàn rìtóu.

休即未能休，且待三更見日頭。

休即未能休，且待三更见日头。

It just so happened that this year on New Year's Day, I dreamed that on a very high mountain, the sun in the sky was right above me, but it fell down on my head, and I sweated with fright. When I woke up, I rubbed my head, and it still seemed a little hot.

Jiùshì jiǎoxìng de zhè yī nián, zhēngyuè chūyī rì, wǒ mèngjiàn zài yī ge jí gāo de shān shang, tiānshàng de rìtou, bùchābùcuò, duānduānzhèngzhèng diào le xiàlái, yā zài wǒ tóu shang, jīng chū yī shēn de hàn; xǐng le mō yī mō tóu, jiù xiàng hái yǒu xiē rè.

就是徼倖的這一年，正月初一日，我夢見在一個極高的山上，天上的日頭，不差不錯，端端正正掉了下來，壓在我頭上，驚出一身的汗；醒了摸一摸頭，就像還有些熱。

就是徼幸的这一年，正月初一日，我梦见在一个极高的山上，天上的日头，不差不错，端端正正掉了下来，压在我头上，惊出一身的汗；醒了摸一摸头，就像还有些热。

That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust.

新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 馬太福音 (Matthew) 5:45

Zhèyàng jiù kěyǐ zuò nǐmen Tiānfù de érzi; yīnwèi tā jiào rìtou zhào hǎorén, yě zhào dǎirén; jiàngyǔ gěi yìrén, yě gěi bùyì de rén.

這樣就可以作你們天父的兒子；因為他叫日頭照好人，也照歹人；降雨給義人，也給不義的人。

这样就可以作你们天父的儿子；因为他叫日头照好人，也照歹人；降雨给义人，也给不义的人。

At noon, when the sun is scorching, [she] steps on the asphalt without shoes on

2008, 詹雅雯, 罔市仔

thàu-tiong-tàu ji̍t-thâu chhiah-iāⁿ-iāⁿ, bô chhēng ê ta̍h tī tiám-má-ka

透中晝日頭赤炎炎 無穿鞋踏置黏仔膠

2008, 詹雅雯, 罔市仔

透中昼日头赤炎炎 无穿鞋踏置黏仔胶

(dialectal Hakka, Huizhou, Puxian Min, dialectal Wu) sunlight

to notify the bride's family of the wedding day

送日頭

送日头

(Southern Min) wedding day (date suggested by the bridegroom's family to the bride's family)


ថ្ងៃ

From Proto-Austroasiatic *tŋiːʔ (“sun; day”). Cognate with Mon တ္ၚဲ, Vietnamese ngày. Compare also Thai ไถง (tà-ngǎi).


태양

Sino-Korean word from 太陽, from 太 (“great”) + 陽 (“yang, sun, light”).

태양상(太陽像)

portraits of the Kim leaders in North Korea


日食

[ɲ̟iɕːo̞kɯ̟]

From Middle Chinese 日食 (MC nyit zyik). 食 is a daiyōji replacing 蝕.


tache solaire

fr-noun

tache solaire f (plural taches solaires)


heliosphere

The heliosphere isn’t really a sphere at all, more an elongated teardrop shape.

2023, Martin MacInnes, In Ascension, Atlantic Books, page 397:

(astronomy) The region of space where interstellar medium is blown away by solar wind; the boundary, heliopause, is often considered the edge of the Solar System.


Φαέθων

grc-proper noun

Φᾰέθων • (Phăéthōn) m (genitive Φᾰέθοντος); third declension

Φᾰέθων (canonical)
Phăéthōn (romanization)
Φᾰέθοντος (genitive)
ὁ Φᾰέθων (nominative singular)
τοῦ Φᾰέθοντος (genitive singular)
τῷ Φᾰέθοντῐ (dative singular)
τὸν Φᾰέθοντᾰ (accusative singular)
Φᾰέθον (singular vocative)

desc

Greek: Φαέθων (Faéthon), Φαέθοντας (Faéthontas)

Latin: Phaëthōn

Russian: Фаэто́н (Faetón)

Use as a proper noun of the masculine forms of φᾰέθων (phăéthōn, “shining”, “radiant”), the present active participle of φᾰέθω (phăéthō, “I shine”, “I am radiant”).

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Universe 392a.24

Eudox., Ars 5.14

106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, ND 2.20.52


saule

saule (nominative singular)
saules (nominative plural)
saules (genitive singular)
sauļu (genitive plural)
saulei (dative singular)
saulēm (dative plural)
sauli (accusative singular)
saules (accusative plural)
sauli (instrumental singular)
saulēm (instrumental plural)
saulē (locative singular)
saulēs (locative plural)
saule (singular vocative)
saules (plural vocative)
Saule (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sáuˀlijāˀ.

inh+

saule spīd

rīta, vakara, vasaras saule

saule lec, riet

saules lēkts, riets

celties līdz ar sauli

saules stari, gaisma, siltums

saules sistēma

saules aptumsums

saules vējš

saules plankumi

saules enerģija

sun (the star at the center of the Solar System, from which light and heat reach the Earth)

sildīties saulē

istabā nav saules

kaktusiem vajadzīgs daudz saules

acis žilbst saulē

atlaisties saulē

sun, sunlight (the light and heat that comes from the sun; area reached by this light and heat)


solaire

Learned borrowing from Latin sōlāris, from sōl (“sun”).

(astronomy, relational) solar (relative to the sun)


नाक

nāk (romanization)
ناک (Urdu)
नाक (direct singular)
नाक (direct plural)
नाक (oblique singular)
नाकों (oblique plural)
नाक (singular vocative)
नाको (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit नाक (nā́ka).


नाक

nā́ka (romanization)
नाकः (nominative singular)
नाकौ (dual nominative)
नाका1 (dual nominative)
नाकाः (nominative plural)
नाकासः1 (nominative plural)
नाक (singular vocative)
नाकौ (dual vocative)
नाका1 (dual vocative)
नाकाः (plural vocative)
नाकासः1 (plural vocative)
नाकम् (accusative singular)
नाकौ (accusative dual)
नाका1 (accusative dual)
नाकान् (accusative plural)
नाकेन (instrumental singular)
नाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाकैः (instrumental plural)
नाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाकाय (dative singular)
नाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाकात् (ablative singular)
नाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाकस्य (genitive singular)
नाकयोः (dual genitive)
नाकानाम् (genitive plural)
नाके (locative singular)
नाकयोः (dual locative)
नाकेषु (locative plural)

Compound of न (ná, “no”) + अक (áka, “sin, pain”), literally “[where there is/who has] no pain or sin”.


Mặt Trời

𩈘𡗶 (CJK)
mặt trời (alternative)
Mặt trời (alternative)
mặt giời (alternative)
Mặt Giời (alternative)

[mat̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕəːj˨˩]

[mak̚˨˩ʔ ʈəːj˦˩]

[mak̚˨˩˨ ʈəːj˨˩]

A compound of mặt (originally meaning “eye”) + trời (“sky; heavens”), literally “eye of the heavens”, a common metaphor for the Sun in Austroasiatic, Austronesian and Kra-Dai languages in Southeast Asia. Compare Thai ตะวัน (dtà-wan), Malay matahari, Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₂ŋiiʔ (“Sun”) < **[ma]t₂-ŋiiʔ (Benedict, 1976). Cognate with Muong măt tlời.

𪬪(Gió)𠺙(thổi)末(Mặt)𫶸(Trời)炪(đốt)昌(xương)泊(bạc)珊(tan)索(tác)工(trong)圭(quê)渃(nước)㝵(người)

Copy from 18th century, Urtext probably from 12th or 15th century, Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經):

[Under the] blowing winds and burning Sun, white bones keep decaying on foreign soil.


მზე

mze (romanization)
მზე (nominative singular)
მზემ (ergative singular)
მზეს (dative singular)
მზეს (dative singular)
მზესაs) (dative singular)
მზესაsa) (dative singular)
მზის (genitive singular)
მზის (genitive singular)
მზისაs) (genitive singular)
მზისაsa) (genitive singular)
მზით (instrumental singular)
მზით (instrumental singular)
მზითაt) (instrumental singular)
მზითაta) (instrumental singular)
მზედ (adverbial singular)
მზედ (adverbial singular)
მზედაd) (adverbial singular)
მზედაda) (adverbial singular)
მზევ (singular vocative)
-ზე
მზეზე (singular)
-თან
მზესთან (singular)
-ში
მზეში (singular)
-ვით
მზესავით (singular)
-თვის
მზისთვის (singular)
-ებრ
მზისებრ (singular)
-კენ
მზისკენ (singular)
-გან
მზისგან (singular)
-ადმი
მზისადმი (singular)
-დან
მზიდან (singular)
-ურთ
მზითურთ (singular)
-მდე
მზემდე (singular)
ზეჲ (alternative)

From Old Georgian მზჱ (mzē), from Proto-Kartvelian *mz₁e-.


सूरज

sūraj (romanization)
سورج (Urdu)
सूरज (direct singular)
सूरज (direct plural)
सूरज (oblique singular)
सूरजों (oblique plural)
सूरज (singular vocative)
सूरजो (plural vocative)

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit सूर्य (sū́rya). Doublet of सूर्य (sūrya).

slbor

चार जुलाई को सूरज और पृथ्वी की दूरी सबसे अधिक होगी।

On July 4th the distance between the Sun and the Earth will reach its maximum.

cār julāī ko sūraj aur pŕthvī kī dūrī sabse adhik hogī.

सूरज की रौशनी

सूरज को चिराग़ दिखाना

sūraj ko cirāġ dikhānā, “; do something useless”


सूरज

sūraj (romanization)
स़ूरज (alternative)

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit सूर्य (sū́rya).


سورج

pa-proper noun

سُورَج • (sūraj) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸੂਰਜ)

سُورَج (canonical)
sūraj (romanization)
ਸੂਰਜ (Gurmukhi)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥
Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar
Sanskrit स्वर् (svar)
Sanskrit सूर् (sūr)
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Sanskrit -य (-ya)
Sanskrit सूर्य (sūrya)slbor.
Punjabi سُورَج (sūraj)
Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit सूर्य (sūrya), from सूर् (sūr) + -य (-ya).

etymon

سُورَج


سورج

سُورَج (canonical)
sūraj (romanization)
ਸੂਰਜ (Gurmukhi)
سُورَج (direct singular)
سُورَج (direct plural)
سُورَج (oblique singular)
سُورَجاں (oblique plural)
سُورَجا (singular vocative)
سُورَجو (plural vocative)
سُورَجوں (ablative singular)
سُورَجاں (ablative plural)
سُورَجے (locative singular)
سُورَجِیں (locative plural)
سُورَجوں (instrumental singular)

سُورَج


سورج

ur-noun

سُورَج • (sūraj) m (Hindi spelling सूरज)

سُورَج (canonical)
sūraj (romanization)
सूरज (Hindi)
سُورَج (direct singular)
سُورَج (direct plural)
سُورَج (oblique singular)
سُورَجوں (oblique plural)
سُورَج (singular vocative)
سُورَجو (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥
Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar
Sanskrit स्वर् (svar)
Sanskrit सूर् (sūr)
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Sanskrit -य (-ya)
Sanskrit सूर्य (sūrya)slbor.
Urdu سُورَج (sūraj)
Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit सूर्य (sūrya), from सूर् (sūr) + -य (-ya). First attested in c. 1435 as Middle Hindi سُورج (sūraj).

etymon

سُورَج


सवितृ

savitṛ́ (romanization)
सविता (nominative singular)
सवितारौ (dual nominative)
सवितारा1 (dual nominative)
सवितारः (nominative plural)
सवितः (singular vocative)
सवितारौ (dual vocative)
सवितारा1 (dual vocative)
सवितारः (plural vocative)
सवितारम् (accusative singular)
सवितारौ (accusative dual)
सवितारा1 (accusative dual)
सवितॄन् (accusative plural)
सवित्रा (instrumental singular)
सवितृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सवितृभिः (instrumental plural)
सवित्रे (dative singular)
सवितृभ्याम् (dative dual)
सवितृभ्यः (dative plural)
सवितुः (ablative singular)
सवितृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सवितृभ्यः (ablative plural)
सवितुः (genitive singular)
सवित्रोः (dual genitive)
सवितॄणाम् (genitive plural)
सवितरि (locative singular)
सवित्रोः (dual locative)
सवितृषु (locative plural)

From the full-grade of the root सू (sū, “to impel, to vivify”) + -तृ (-tṛ, agentive suffix).

आ कृ॒ष्णेन॒ रज॑सा॒ वर्त॑मानो निवे॒शय॑न्न॒मृतं॒ मर्त्यं॑ च।
हि॒र॒ण्यये॑न सवि॒ता रथे॒ना दे॒वो या॑ति॒ भुव॑नानि॒ पश्य॑न्॥
ā́ kṛṣṇéna rájasā vártamāno niveśáyannamṛ́taṃ mártyaṃ ca.
hiraṇyáyena savitā́ ráthenā́ devó yāti bhúvanāni páśyan.

Revolving through the darkened firmament, arousing mortal and immortal, the divine Savitā travels in his golden chariot, beholding the worlds.

तत्स॒वि॒तुर्वरे॑ण्यं॒ भर्गो॑ दे॒वस्य॑ धीमहि।
धियो॒ यो न॑: प्रचो॒दया॑त्॥
tátsavitúrváreṇyaṃ bhárgo devásya dhīmahi.
dhíyo yó na: pracodáyāt.

We meditate on that desirable light of the divine Savitā, who influences our pious rites.

"The Vivifier"; the name of a Vedic solar deity described as the personification of the divine, vivifying influence of the Sun


saulė

lt-noun

sáulė f (plural sáulės) stress pattern 1

sáulė (canonical feminine stress-pattern-1)
sáulės (plural)
sáulė (nominative singular)
sáulės (nominative plural)
sáulės (genitive singular)
sáulių (genitive plural)
sáulei (dative singular)
sáulėms (dative plural)
sáulę (accusative singular)
sáules (accusative plural)
sáule (instrumental singular)
sáulėmis (instrumental plural)
sáulėje (locative singular)
sáulėse (locative plural)
sáule (singular vocative)
sáulės (plural vocative)


जय

jayá (romanization)
जयः (nominative singular)
जयौ (dual nominative)
जया1 (dual nominative)
जयाः (nominative plural)
जयासः1 (nominative plural)
जय (singular vocative)
जयौ (dual vocative)
जया1 (dual vocative)
जयाः (plural vocative)
जयासः1 (plural vocative)
जयम् (accusative singular)
जयौ (accusative dual)
जया1 (accusative dual)
जयान् (accusative plural)
जयेन (instrumental singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जयैः (instrumental plural)
जयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जयाय (dative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जयेभ्यः (dative plural)
जयात् (ablative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जयस्य (genitive singular)
जययोः (dual genitive)
जयानाम् (genitive plural)
जये (locative singular)
जययोः (dual locative)
जयेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: জয় (joẏ)

→ Chinese: 闍耶 /阇耶

→ English: Jaya

Gujarati: જાય (jāya)

→ Hindi: जय (jay)

→ Kannada: ಜಯ (jaya)

→ Khmer: ជយោ (cĕəʼyoo)

→ Lao: ໄຊ (sai)

→ Lü: ᦺᦋ (tsay)

→ Madurese: jhâjâ

→ Malay: jaya

Indonesian: jaya

→ Malayalam: ജയാ (jayā)

Marathi: जय (jay)

Nepali: जय (jaya)

Odia: ଜୟ (jaya)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: jaya
Javanese: ꦗꦪ (jaya)
→ Balinese: ᬚᬬ (jaya)

Pali: jaya
→ Khmer: ជ័យ (cɨy)
→ Burmese: ဇေယျ (jeyya.)
→ Mon: ဇၞး
→ Thai: ชัย (chai), ชโย (chayo) ไชโย (chaiyo)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜੈ (jai)

Shahmukhi script: جے (jay)

→ Tamil: ஜெயா (jeyā), ஜெய (jeya)

→ Telugu: జయ (jaya), జయము (jayamu)

From the root जि (ji, “to win”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to win, conquer”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βῐ́ᾱ (bĭ́ā).


solea

From Old French soleil, from Vulgar Latin *sōliculus, diminutive of Latin sōl.


Maunder minimum

en-noun

Maunder minimum (plural Maunder minimums or Maunder minima)

Maunder minimums (plural)
Maunder minima (plural)

(astronomy) A period similar to the Maunder Minimum observed on a star other than the Sun.


heliophyte

(botany) Any plant that thrives in bright sunlight


Amaterasu

/ɑːmətɛɹˈɑːsuː/

Borrowed from Japanese 天照 (Amaterasu), from 天 (ama, “sky, the heavens”) + 照らす (terasu, “to illuminate something”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese sun goddess, and most important Shinto deity; she is the daughter of Izanagi and Izanami and the sister of Susanoo, Tsukuyomi, Ōyamatsumi, and Kagutsuchi.


Amaterasu

Borrowed from Japanese 天照 (あまてらす, Amaterasu), from 天 (あま, ama, “sky, the heavens”) + 照らす (てらす, terasu, “to illuminate”).

(mythology, Shinto) Amaterasu (Japanese sun goddess)


heliolatry

heliolatry (usually uncountable, plural heliolatries)

The sun […] had a curious sentient, personal look, […] his present aspect […] explained the old-time heliolatries in a moment.

1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles:

worship of the sun as an actual religion/mythos


solelh

From Old Occitan solelh, from Vulgar Latin *sōliculus, diminutive of Latin sōl.


solelh

solelhs (nominative singular)
soleilh (alternative)

Occitan: solelh

From Vulgar Latin *sōliculus, diminutive of Latin sōl. Compare Old French soleil.


supergranulation cell

supergranulation cell (plural supergranulation cells)

(astronomy) A large region of convection in the photosphere of the sun; a supergranule


broad daylight

From broad (“(archaic) to the full extent”) + daylight.

compound

VVhen half a dozen ingenous Men are got together over a Glaſs of VVine, by a chearful Fire, in a Room vvell lighted, vve baniſh vvith eaſe all the Spectres of Fancy or Education, and are very clear in our Deciſions. But, as I vvas taking a ſolitary VValk before it vvas broad Day-light in yonder Grove, methought the Point vvas not quite ſo clear; nor cou'd I readily recollect the Force of thoſe Arguments, vvhich uſed to appear ſo concluſive at other Times.

1732, George Berkeley, “The Fourth Dialogue”, in Alciphron: Or, The Minute Philosopher. […], volume I, London: […] J[acob] Tonson […], →OCLC, section III, page 211:

Broad daylight illumined the apartment, for the sun was high in heaven, though obscured by rolling masses of autumnal vapour.

1848, Acton Bell [pseudonym; Anne Brontë], “The Retreat”, in The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. […], volume III, London: T[homas] C[autley] Newby, […], →OCLC, page 121:

Whilst they had been speaking, she had opened the door, a narrow iron one well hung, for it had opened easily and closed tightly without any creaking or sound of any kind. Within all was dark; but she entered as freely and with as little misgiving or restraint as if it had been broad daylight.

1911, Bram Stoker, “Exit Oolanga”, in The Lair of the White Worm, London: William Rider and Son, […], →OCLC, page 170:

We're gonna rock around the clock tonight, / We're gonna rock, rock, rock, 'til broad daylight, / We're gonna rock, gonna rock around the clock tonight.

1952 (date written), Max C[harles] Freedman, Jimmy De Knight [pseudonym; James Edward Myers] (lyrics and music), “(We’re Gonna) Rock Around the Clock”, performed by Bill Haley & His Comets, Philadelphia, Pa.: Myers Music, published 1953, recording released 20 May 1954, →OCLC, page 2:

Abundant natural illumination in daytime, producing clear visibility; hence, daytime.

大白天

abundant natural illumination in daytime


apricity

From the Latin aprīcitās, noun of quality from aprīcus (“warmed by the sun”).

Apricity, the warmenes of the Sunne in Winter."

1626, H. C. Gent, The English Dictionarie, London: Isaac Iaggard:

APRICITY [Apricitas, L.] Warmth in the Sun, Sun-ſhine. L."

1749, Nathan Bailey, An universal etymological English dictionary, London:

In the midst of this suspense the lady's maid entered. An apricity seemed to illume her countenance. "Well, Frances, have you found it?"

1856, George Raymond, Drafts for Acceptance, London:

(obsolete) The light or warmth of the Sun.


արեգակ

aregak (romanization)
արեգակ (nominative singular)
արեգակներ (nominative plural)
արեգակի (dative singular)
արեգակների (dative plural)
արեգակից (ablative singular)
արեգակներից (ablative plural)
արեգակով (instrumental singular)
արեգակներով (instrumental plural)
արեգակում (locative singular)
արեգակներում (locative plural)
արեգակը (definite nominative singular)
արեգակն (definite nominative singular)
արեգակները (definite nominative plural)
արեգակներն (definite nominative plural)
արեգակին (dative definite singular)
արեգակներին (dative definite plural)
արեգակս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
արեգակներս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
արեգակիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
արեգակներիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
արեգակիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
արեգակներիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
արեգակովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
արեգակներովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
արեգակումս (first-person locative possessive singular)
արեգակներումս (first-person locative plural possessive)
արեգակդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
արեգակներդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
արեգակիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
արեգակներիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
արեգակիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
արեգակներիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
արեգակովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
արեգակներովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)
արեգակումդ (locative possessive second-person singular)
արեգակներումդ (locative plural possessive second-person)

hy-decl-noun

արեգակը/արեգակն

արեգակները/արեգակներն

արեգակներում

արեգակներիցս

արեգակներովս

արեգակներումս

արեգակներիցդ

արեգակներովդ

արեգակներումդ


արեգ

areg (romanization)
արեգ (nominative singular singular-only)
արեգի (dative singular singular-only)
արեգից (ablative singular singular-only)
արեգով (instrumental singular singular-only)
արեգում (locative singular singular-only)
արեգը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
արեգն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
արեգին (dative definite singular singular-only)
արեգս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
արեգիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
արեգիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
արեգովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
արեգումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
արեգդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
արեգիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
արեգիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
արեգովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
արեգումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

արեգները/արեգներն

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian արեգ (areg).


արեգ

A prehistoric genitive of արև (arew), going back to Proto-Armenian *areg-i-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂rewyós, the genitive of *h₂réw-is (“sun, sunshine”) (whence the nominative արև (arew)), from *h₂rew-.

Արեգ քաղաք


태양계

[tʰɛja̠ŋɡe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 太陽系, from 太陽 (“sun”) + 系 (“system”)


އިރު

head

އިރު • (iru)

dv-noun

އިރު • (iru) (plural އިރުތައް (irutak̊))

iru (romanization)
އިރުތައް (plural)
އިރަ (alternative)

From Sanskrit सूर्य (sū́rya), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. Cognate with Sinhalese ඉර (ira).


закат

ru-noun+

зака́т • (zakát) m inan (genitive зака́та, nominative plural зака́ты, genitive plural зака́тов, relational adjective зака́тный)

зака́т (canonical)
zakát (romanization)
зака́та (genitive)
зака́ты (nominative plural)
зака́тов (genitive plural)
зака́тный (adjective relational)
зака́т (nominative singular)
зака́ты (nominative plural)
зака́та (genitive singular)
зака́тов (genitive plural)
зака́ту (dative singular)
зака́там (dative plural)
зака́т (accusative singular)
зака́ты (accusative plural)
зака́том (instrumental singular)
зака́тами (instrumental plural)
зака́те (prepositional singular)
зака́тах (plural prepositional)


سوریہ

ur-noun

سوریہ • (sūrya) m (Hindi spelling सूर्य)

sūrya (romanization)
सूर्य (Hindi)
سوریہ (direct singular)
سوریہ (direct plural)
سوریہ (oblique singular)
سوریوں (oblique plural)
سوریہ (singular vocative)
سوریو (plural vocative)


Сонце

mk-proper noun

Со́нце • (Sónce) n (relational adjective Со́нчев)

Со́нце (canonical)
Sónce (romanization)
Со́нчев (adjective relational)
Сонце (indefinite singular)
Сонцето (definite singular unspecified)
Сонцево (definite proximal singular)
Сонцено (definite distal singular)
Сонце (singular vocative)

planets of the Solar System: плане́ти од Сонче́виот Си́стем: Ме́ркур · Вене́ра · Зе́мја · Марс · Ју́питер · Са́турн · У́ран · Не́птун [edit]


сонце

mk-noun

со́нце • (sónce) n (plural со́нца, relational adjective со́нчев, diminutive со́нценце)

со́нце (canonical)
sónce (romanization)
со́нца (plural)
со́нчев (adjective relational)
со́нценце (diminutive)
сонце (indefinite singular)
сонца (indefinite plural)
сонцето (definite singular unspecified)
сонцата (definite plural unspecified)
сонцево (definite proximal singular)
сонцава (definite plural proximal)
сонцено (definite distal singular)
сонцана (definite distal plural)
сонце (singular vocative)
сонца (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъlnьce, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.

(term of endearment) sweetheart, dearie, sunshine, pumpkin


сонце

uk-noun

со́нце<loci>

со́нце • (sónce) n inan (genitive со́нця, nominative plural со́нця, genitive plural сонць, diminutive со́нечко)

со́нце (canonical)
sónce (romanization)
со́нця (genitive)
со́нця (nominative plural)
сонць (genitive plural)
со́нечко (diminutive)
со́нце (nominative singular)
со́нця (nominative plural)
со́нця (genitive singular)
сонць (genitive plural)
со́нцю (dative singular)
со́нцям (dative plural)
со́нце (accusative singular)
со́нця (accusative plural)
со́нцем (instrumental singular)
со́нцями (instrumental plural)
со́нцю (locative singular)
со́нці (locative singular)
со́нцях (locative plural)
со́нце (singular vocative)
со́нця (plural vocative)

uk-ndecl

со́нце<voc:сóнце>

From Old East Slavic сълньце (sŭlnĭce), from Proto-Slavic *sъlnьce, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


eliografico

it-adj

eliografico (feminine eliografica, masculine plural eliografici, feminine plural eliografiche)

eliografica (feminine)
eliografici (masculine plural)
eliografiche (feminine plural)

From elio- + -grafico or eliografia + -ico.


זון

From Middle High German sunne, from Old High German sunna, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh̥₂uén, from *sóh₂wl̥.

די זון איז אַ שטערן וואָס וואַרפֿט אימער אַרויס ענערגיע וואָס באַשאַפֿט שטראַלן.

The sun is a star that constantly gives off energy that creates rays.

di zun iz a shtern vos varft imer aroys energye vos bashaft shtraln.

(astronomy) the Sun (the star at the center of the Solar System)


słoneczny

pl-adj

słoneczny (comparative bardziej słoneczny or słoneczniejszy, superlative najbardziej słoneczny or najsłoneczniejszy, derived adverb słonecznie)

bardziej słoneczny (comparative)
słoneczniejszy (comparative)
najbardziej słoneczny (superlative)
najsłoneczniejszy (superlative)
słoneczny (masculine nominative singular)
słoneczna (feminine nominative singular)
słoneczne (neuter nominative singular)
słoneczni (nominative plural virile)
słoneczne (nominative plural)
słonecznego (genitive masculine singular)
słonecznej (feminine genitive singular)
słonecznego (genitive neuter singular)
słonecznych (genitive plural)
słonecznych (genitive plural virile)
słonecznemu (dative masculine singular)
słonecznej (dative feminine singular)
słonecznemu (dative neuter singular)
słonecznym (dative plural)
słonecznym (dative plural virile)
słonecznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
słoneczny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
słoneczną (accusative feminine singular)
słoneczne (accusative neuter singular)
słonecznych (accusative plural virile)
słoneczne (accusative plural)
słonecznym (instrumental masculine singular)
słoneczną (feminine instrumental singular)
słonecznym (instrumental neuter singular)
słonecznymi (instrumental plural)
słonecznymi (instrumental plural virile)
słonecznym (locative masculine singular)
słonecznej (feminine locative singular)
słonecznym (locative neuter singular)
słonecznych (locative plural)
słonecznych (locative plural virile)

oparzenie słoneczne

zegar słoneczny


circumsolar

According to the reigning hypothesis, about 4.5 billion years ago, shortly after Earth had accreted down into a sphere from its little slub of circumsolar material, another newborn planet [Theia], still shaky on its feet, slammed obliquely into Earth with terrifying force.

2014 September 7, Natalie Angier, “The Moon comes around again [print version: Revisiting a moon that still has secrets to reveal: Supermoon revives interest in its violent origins and hidden face, International New York Times, 10 September 2014, p. 8]”, in The New York Times:


خور

From Proto-Iranian *húHar, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


சூரியன்

ta-noun

சூரியன் • (cūriyaṉ)

cūriyaṉ (romanization)
சூரியன் (nominative singular)
சூரியர்கள் (nominative plural)
சூரியனே (singular vocative)
சூரியர்களே (plural vocative)
சூரியனை (accusative singular)
சூரியர்களை (accusative plural)
சூரியனுக்கு (dative singular)
சூரியர்களுக்கு (dative plural)
சூரியனுக்காக (benefactive singular)
சூரியர்களுக்காக (benefactive plural)
சூரியனுடைய (genitive genitive-i singular)
சூரியர்களுடைய (genitive genitive-i plural)
சூரியனின் (genitive genitive-ii singular)
சூரியர்களின் (genitive genitive-ii plural)
சூரியனில் (locative locative-i singular)
சூரியர்களில் (locative locative-i plural)
சூரியனிடம் (locative locative-ii singular)
சூரியர்களிடம் (locative locative-ii plural)
சூரியனோடு (singular sociative sociative-i)
சூரியர்களோடு (plural sociative sociative-i)
சூரியனுடன் (singular sociative sociative-ii)
சூரியர்களுடன் (plural sociative sociative-ii)
சூரியனால் (instrumental singular)
சூரியர்களால் (instrumental plural)
சூரியனிலிருந்து (ablative singular)
சூரியர்களிலிருந்து (ablative plural)

மிமாஸ்என்சலடசுதெத்திசுடையோன்ரியாதைத்தன்இயபிடசு

மிராண்டாஏரியல்அம்ப்ரியேல்டைட்டானியாஓபெரான்


sunlumo

eo-head

sunlumo (uncountable, accusative sunlumon)


sunlumo

Borrowed from Esperanto sunlumo. Equivalent to suno (“sun”) + lumo (“light”).


արև

arew (romanization)
արև (nominative singular)
արևներ (nominative plural)
արևի (dative singular)
արևների (dative plural)
արևից (ablative singular)
արևներից (ablative plural)
արևով (instrumental singular)
արևներով (instrumental plural)
արևում (locative singular)
արևներում (locative plural)
արևը (definite nominative singular)
արևն (definite nominative singular)
արևները (definite nominative plural)
արևներն (definite nominative plural)
արևին (dative definite singular)
արևներին (dative definite plural)
արևս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
արևներս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
արևիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
արևներիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
արևիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
արևներիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
արևովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
արևներովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
արևումս (first-person locative possessive singular)
արևներումս (first-person locative plural possessive)
արևդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
արևներդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
արևիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
արևներիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
արևիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
արևներիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
արևովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
արևներովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)
արևումդ (locative possessive second-person singular)
արևներումդ (locative plural possessive second-person)

hy-decl-noun

արևները/արևներն


արև

arew (romanization)
արև (nominative singular uncountable)
արևու (genitive singular uncountable)
արևու (dative singular uncountable)
արև (accusative singular uncountable)
արևէ (ablative singular uncountable)
արևու (instrumental singular uncountable)
արևու (locative singular uncountable)

xcl-decl-noun-unc

there is an unusual locative <i class="Armn mention" lang="xcl">յ-արևոջ</i> (y-arewoǰ, “in sunlit places”)

Armenian: արև (arew)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₂réw-is (“sun, sunshine”), from *h₂rew- (“to shine”); whence also Sanskrit रवि (ravi, “sun”). Related to արեգ (areg).
According to Martirosyan, Old Armenian արև (arew) / արեգ (areg) probably reflects an Indo-European or Armeno-Aryan poetically or sacrally marked designation of “sun”, replacing the Proto-Indo-European unmarked profane *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).

inh+

մուտք արևու

ելք արևու

ի մտանել արևու

յելանել, ի ծագել արևու


ఎండ

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *enṯ-. Cognate with Tamil என்று (eṉṟu, “sun”). Doublet of ఎండు (eṇḍu).


helioseismologist

A scientist who studies helioseismology.


хур

head

ху́р • (xúr)

os-noun

ху́р • (xúr)

ху́р (canonical)
xúr (romanization)
хур (nominative singular)
хуртӕ (nominative plural)
хуры (genitive singular)
хурты (genitive plural)
хурӕн (dative singular)
хуртӕн (dative plural)
хурмӕ (allative singular)
хуртӕм (allative plural)
хурӕй (ablative singular)
хуртӕй (ablative plural)
хуры (inessive singular)
хурты (inessive plural)
хурыл (adessive singular)
хуртыл (adessive plural)
хурау (equative singular)
хуртау (equative plural)
хуримӕ (comitative singular)
хуртимӕ (comitative plural)
хор (alternative)


Układ Słoneczny

Układ Słoneczny (nominative singular)
Układu Słonecznego (genitive singular)
Układowi Słonecznemu (dative singular)
Układ Słoneczny (accusative singular)
Układem Słonecznym (instrumental singular)
Układzie Słonecznym (locative singular)
Układzie Słoneczny (singular vocative)
system słoneczny (alternative)
układ słoneczny (alternative)

(astronomy) Solar System (the Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it)


heliographic

Of or pertaining to heliography; transmitted by heliograph


coronium

From corona + -ium, coined by a certain A. Gruenwald.

(historical) A supposed chemical element, hypothesized in the 19th century in order to explain a green emission line seen during the total solar eclipse of 7 August 1869 (actually highly ionized iron).


рассвет

ru-noun+

рассве́т • (rassvét) m inan (genitive рассве́та, nominative plural рассве́ты, genitive plural рассве́тов)

рассве́т (canonical)
rassvét (romanization)
рассве́та (genitive)
рассве́ты (nominative plural)
рассве́тов (genitive plural)
рассве́т (nominative singular)
рассве́ты (nominative plural)
рассве́та (genitive singular)
рассве́тов (genitive plural)
рассве́ту (dative singular)
рассве́там (dative plural)
рассве́т (accusative singular)
рассве́ты (accusative plural)
рассве́том (instrumental singular)
рассве́тами (instrumental plural)
рассве́те (prepositional singular)
рассве́тах (plural prepositional)

Ru-рассвет.ogg

Inherited from Middle Russian разсвѣтъ (razsvět), from Old East Slavic *розсвѣтъ (*rozsvětŭ), from Proto-Slavic *orzsvětъ.


заря

ru-noun+

зо́рям,заря́м*

зо́рями,заря́ми*

зо́рях,заря́х*

заря́ • (zarjá) f inan (genitive зари́, nominative plural зо́ри, genitive plural зорь, diminutive зо́рька or зо́ренька)

заря́ (canonical)
zarjá (romanization)
зари́ (genitive)
зо́ри (nominative plural)
зорь (genitive plural)
зо́рька (diminutive)
зо́ренька (diminutive)
заря́ (nominative singular)
зо́ри (irregular nominative plural)
зари́ (genitive singular)
зо́рь (genitive irregular plural)
заре́ (dative singular)
зо́рям (dative plural)
заря́м (dative plural)
zórjam (dative plural)
zarjám (dative plural)
зарю́ (accusative singular)
зо́ри (accusative irregular plural)
зарёй (instrumental singular)
зарёю (instrumental singular)
зо́рями (instrumental plural)
заря́ми (instrumental plural)
zórjami (instrumental plural)
zarjámi (instrumental plural)
заре́ (prepositional singular)
зо́рях (plural prepositional)
заря́х (plural prepositional)
zórjax (plural prepositional)
zarjáx (plural prepositional)
заря́ (dated nominative singular)
зо́ри (dated irregular nominative plural)
зари́ (dated genitive singular)
зо́рь (dated genitive irregular plural)
зарѣ́ (dated dative singular)
зо́рям (dated dative irregular plural)
заря́м (dated dative plural)
zórjam (dated dative irregular plural)
zarjám (dated dative plural)
зарю́ (accusative dated singular)
зо́ри (accusative dated irregular plural)
зарёй (dated instrumental singular)
зарёю (dated instrumental singular)
зо́рями (dated instrumental plural)
заря́ми (dated instrumental plural)
zórjami (dated instrumental plural)
zarjámi (dated instrumental plural)
зарѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
зо́рях (dated irregular plural prepositional)
заря́х (dated plural prepositional)
zórjax (dated irregular plural prepositional)
zarjáx (dated plural prepositional)

на заре́

at the earliest stage, at the beginning (literally, “at the dawn”)

от зари́ до зари́

from morning to night, from dawn to dusk (literally, “from dawn to dawn”)

Бы́ло ещё хо́лодно, осо́бенно пе́ред зарёю, по утра́м, а кому́ спать хо́чется, тому́ ещё холодне́е ка́жется.

1880, Николай Лесков [Nikolai Leskov], “Глава шестая”, in Несмертельный Голован; English translation from Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, transl., Deathless Golovan, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2013:

It was still cold in the morning, especially before dawn, and to someone who wants to sleep it feels even colder.

Býlo ješčó xólodno, osóbenno péred zarjóju, po utrám, a komú spatʹ xóčetsja, tomú ješčó xolodnéje kážetsja.


adret

Borrowed from French adret or Occitan adret, adré, adrech, adreit (“sun-facing side of a mountain”), from Old Occitan adreg, adreit, from a (“to, towards”) (from Latin ad (“to, towards”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“at; to”)) + dreg, dreit (“just; right”) (from Latin dīrectus (“direct, straight”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself; just, right”)); compare French adroit.

refn

From Images de l’Himalaya [Images of the Himalayas] (Encyclopédie Alpina Illustrée [Encyclopedia Alpina Illustrated]; 2), [Paris]: [Encyclopédie Alpina Illustrée], [1935], →OCLC.

der

The distribution of barley is generally on the adret slope, the ubac seeming to be disregarded. A sunny slope is the most important natural factor in the cultivation of barley and wheat. Very rarely they are cultivated in ubac fields, but close investigation showed them to be of secondary adret nature. In this case seeds are sown a month earlier and mown ten days later than on the adret slope.

1942, Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography: Transactions, Titles and Abstracts, Tokyo: Nihon Gakujutsu Kaigi [Science Council of Japan], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 34:

Viticulure in an alpine (Savoie) or sub-alpine environment (like the Jura) is a precarious activity […] Exposure, by contrast, exaggerates or modifies the quantity of the altitudinal elements in terms of ubac (shady) versus adret (sunny) positions, wet and dry positions, or windy and protected positions, respectively. The advantages of adret slopes, which are usually drier and more protected, are evident and of paramount importance. Adret aspects receive much higher levels of direct sunlight, which produces higher soil and plant temperatures.

1987, John J. Baxevanis, “The Wines of Savoie”, in The Wines of Champagne, Burgundy, Eastern and Southern France, Totowa, N.J.: Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, pages 70–71:

The vegetation of the Bachelard Valley mainly consists of forests and alpine pastures. Above the tree limit, alpine pastures and bare rock outcrops dominate the landscape. The location of the tree limit depends on factors like slope aspect and lithology. On south-facing slopes (adrets) the tree limit can reach as high as 2400 m, but on the shadowy north-facing slopes it is usually near 2200 m.

1998, Harry Blijenberg, Rolling Stones?: Triggering and Frequency of Hillslope Debris Flows in the Bachelard Valley, Southern French Alps (Nederlandse Geografische Studies; 246), Utrecht: Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap/Faculteit Ruimtelijke Wetenschappen Universiteit Utrecht, →ISBN, page 72:

(geography) The sun-facing side of a mountain; in the northern hemisphere, especially south-facing slope.


сонечны вецер

be-noun

со́нечны<+> ве́цер<c*.genu>

со́нечны ве́цер • (sónječny vjécjer) m inan (genitive со́нечнага ве́тру, nominative plural со́нечныя вятры́, genitive plural со́нечных вятро́ў)

со́нечны ве́цер (canonical)
sónječny vjécjer (romanization)
со́нечнага ве́тру (genitive)
со́нечныя вятры́ (nominative plural)
со́нечных вятро́ў (genitive plural)
со́нечны ве́цер (nominative singular)
со́нечныя вятры́ (nominative plural)
со́нечнага ве́тру (genitive singular)
со́нечных вятро́ў (genitive plural)
со́нечнаму ве́тру (dative singular)
со́нечным вятра́м (dative plural)
со́нечны ве́цер (accusative singular)
со́нечныя вятры́ (accusative plural)
со́нечным ве́трам (instrumental singular)
со́нечнымі вятра́мі (instrumental plural)
со́нечным ве́тры (locative singular)
со́нечных вятра́х (locative plural)
со́нечнага ве́тры (count-form plural)

be-ndecl

со́нечны<+> ве́цер<c*.genu>

Такая ўспышка нясе да Зямлі ўзмоцненую сонечную радыяцыю, якую яшчэ называюць сонечным ветрам.

2016, Сяргей Давідовіч, Успышкі на сонцы:

Such a flare carries enhanced solar radiation to Earth, which is also called solar wind.

Takaja ŭspyška njasje da Zjamli ŭzmócnjenuju sónječnuju radyjacyju, jakuju jašče nazyvajucʹ sónječnym vjetram.


mọc

From Proto-Austroasiatic *mɔːkˀ (“to emerge”); cognate with Khmer មក (mɔɔk, “to come, come near, approach”) and Old Mon mok (“to appear”).

cog

(of zoological hair, nails, teeth, feathers, claws, lumps, pimples or botanical roots) to start to grow, extend or expand

nails; teeth; feathers; claws; lumps; pimples or botanical roots; nails; teeth; feathers; claws; lumps; pimples or botanical roots