gul

gult (neuter)
gule (definite plural singular)
gulare (comparative)
gulast (indefinite superlative)
gulaste (definite superlative)

From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”).


gul

head

gul (comparative gulare, superlative gulast)

gulare (comparative)
gulast (superlative)
gul (indefinite positive)
gulare (comparative indefinite)
gulast (indefinite superlative)
gult (indefinite neuter positive singular)
gulare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
gulast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
gula (indefinite plural positive)
gulare (comparative indefinite plural)
gulast (indefinite plural superlative)
gule (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
gulare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
gulast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
gule (definite masculine positive singular)
gulare (comparative definite masculine singular)
gulaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
gula (definite positive)
gulare (comparative definite)
gulaste (definite superlative)

From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”).


marrone

Originally Tuscan, from Byzantine Greek μάραον (máraon, “sweet chestnut”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *māros (“great”), referring to the size of the nut, related to Welsh mawr and Cimbrian môr, a borrowing.


marrone

→ French: marron (see there for further descendants)

→ German: Marone, Maroni


mum

head

mum (definite accusative mumu, plural mumlar)

mumu (accusative definite)
mumlar (plural)
mum (nominative singular)
mumlar (nominative plural)
mumu (accusative definite singular)
mumları (accusative definite plural)
muma (dative singular)
mumlara (dative plural)
mumda (locative singular)
mumlarda (locative plural)
mumdan (ablative singular)
mumlardan (ablative plural)
mumun (genitive singular)
mumların (genitive plural)
mumum (first-person nominative singular)
mumlarım (first-person nominative singular)
mumun (nominative second-person singular)
mumların (nominative second-person singular)
mumu (nominative singular third-person)
mumları (nominative singular third-person)
mumumuz (first-person nominative plural)
mumlarımız (first-person nominative plural)
mumunuz (nominative plural second-person)
mumlarınız (nominative plural second-person)
mumları (nominative plural third-person)
mumumu (accusative definite first-person singular)
mumlarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
mumunu (accusative definite second-person singular)
mumlarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
mumunu (accusative definite singular third-person)
mumlarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
mumumuzu (accusative definite first-person plural)
mumlarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
mumunuzu (accusative definite plural second-person)
mumlarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
mumlarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
mumuma (dative first-person singular)
mumlarıma (dative first-person singular)
mumuna (dative second-person singular)
mumlarına (dative second-person singular)
mumuna (dative singular third-person)
mumlarına (dative singular third-person)
mumumuza (dative first-person plural)
mumlarımıza (dative first-person plural)
mumunuza (dative plural second-person)
mumlarınıza (dative plural second-person)
mumlarına (dative plural third-person)
mumumda (first-person locative singular)
mumlarımda (first-person locative singular)
mumunda (locative second-person singular)
mumlarında (locative second-person singular)
mumunda (locative singular third-person)
mumlarında (locative singular third-person)
mumumuzda (first-person locative plural)
mumlarımızda (first-person locative plural)
mumunuzda (locative plural second-person)
mumlarınızda (locative plural second-person)
mumlarında (locative plural third-person)
mumumdan (ablative first-person singular)
mumlarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
mumundan (ablative second-person singular)
mumlarından (ablative second-person singular)
mumundan (ablative singular third-person)
mumlarından (ablative singular third-person)
mumumuzdan (ablative first-person plural)
mumlarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
mumunuzdan (ablative plural second-person)
mumlarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
mumlarından (ablative plural third-person)
mumumun (first-person genitive singular)
mumlarımın (first-person genitive singular)
mumunun (genitive second-person singular)
mumlarının (genitive second-person singular)
mumunun (genitive singular third-person)
mumlarının (genitive singular third-person)
mumumuzun (first-person genitive plural)
mumlarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
mumunuzun (genitive plural second-person)
mumlarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
mumlarının (genitive plural third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish موم (mum, “candle”), itself from Persian موم (mum).


gunmetal

en-noun

gunmetal (countable and uncountable, plural gunmetals)

gunmetal:

Yet even asleep, a Sabre, Jaguar, Harrier, Phantom, Falcon or Eagle holds the eye as a design classic, and that worrisome beauty is still there close up—the cared for, nurtured, spoiled feel, the expensive finish, the quality of the materials, the craftsmanship evident in the flush rivets, the highly polished canopy, the gunmetal sheen of the external instrument sensors, each carefully protected by rubber sheaths with flapping red tags to remind the pilot to take them off before flight.

1999, Ivan Rendall, “Preface”, in Rolling Thunder: Jet Combat from World War II to the Gulf War, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: The Free Press, →ISBN, page ix:

(also attributive) A dark grey or bluish-grey colour; gunmetal grey.


brun

fr-adj

brun (feminine brune, masculine plural bruns, feminine plural brunes)

brune (feminine)
bruns (masculine plural)
brunes (feminine plural)

→ Breton: brun

Louisiana Creole: brun

→ Romanian: brun

From Middle French, from Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).


brun

From Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).


brun

brun (feminine masculine)
brunt (neuter)
brune (definite plural singular)
brunere (comparative)
brunest (indefinite superlative)
bruneste (definite superlative)


brun

brunt (neuter)
brune (definite plural singular)
brunare (comparative)
brunast (indefinite superlative)
brunaste (definite superlative)


brun

brūn (canonical)
brūn (masculine nominative singular)
brūn (feminine nominative singular)
brūn (neuter nominative singular)
brūnne (accusative masculine singular)
brūne (accusative feminine singular)
brūn (accusative neuter singular)
brūnes (genitive masculine singular)
brūnre (feminine genitive singular)
brūnes (genitive neuter singular)
brūnum (dative masculine singular)
brūnre (dative feminine singular)
brūnum (dative neuter singular)
brūne (instrumental masculine singular)
brūnre (feminine instrumental singular)
brūne (instrumental neuter singular)
brūne (masculine nominative plural)
brūna (feminine nominative plural)
brūne (feminine nominative plural)
brūn (neuter nominative plural)
brūne (accusative masculine plural)
brūna (accusative feminine plural)
brūne (accusative feminine plural)
brūn (accusative neuter plural)
brūnra (genitive masculine plural)
brūnra (feminine genitive plural)
brūnra (genitive neuter plural)
brūnum (dative masculine plural)
brūnum (dative feminine plural)
brūnum (dative neuter plural)
brūnum (instrumental masculine plural)
brūnum (feminine instrumental plural)
brūnum (instrumental neuter plural)
brūna (masculine nominative singular)
brūne (feminine nominative singular)
brūne (neuter nominative singular)
brūnan (accusative masculine singular)
brūnan (accusative feminine singular)
brūne (accusative neuter singular)
brūnan (genitive masculine singular)
brūnan (feminine genitive singular)
brūnan (genitive neuter singular)
brūnan (dative masculine singular)
brūnan (dative feminine singular)
brūnan (dative neuter singular)
brūnan (instrumental masculine singular)
brūnan (feminine instrumental singular)
brūnan (instrumental neuter singular)
brūnan (masculine nominative plural)
brūnan (feminine nominative plural)
brūnan (neuter nominative plural)
brūnan (accusative masculine plural)
brūnan (accusative feminine plural)
brūnan (accusative neuter plural)
brūnra (genitive masculine plural)
brūnena (genitive masculine plural)
brūnra (feminine genitive plural)
brūnena (feminine genitive plural)
brūnra (genitive neuter plural)
brūnena (genitive neuter plural)
brūnum (dative masculine plural)
brūnum (dative feminine plural)
brūnum (dative neuter plural)
brūnum (instrumental masculine plural)
brūnum (feminine instrumental plural)
brūnum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Middle English: broun, broyn, brown, brun, bruyn
English: brown
Bislama: braon
Tok Pisin: braun
→ Welsh: brown
→ Tongan: palauni
Geordie English: broon
Scots: broon, broun


brun

fro-noun

brun oblique singular, m (oblique plural bruns, nominative singular bruns, nominative plural brun)

brun oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
bruns (oblique plural)
bruns (nominative singular)
brun (nominative plural)
bruns (masculine singular subjective)
brune (feminine singular subjective)
brun (masculine oblique singular)
brune (feminine oblique singular)
brun (masculine plural subjective)
brunes (feminine plural subjective)
bruns (masculine oblique plural)
brunes (feminine oblique plural)

From Late Latin brunus (attested in Isidore of Seville), from Frankish *brūn (“brown, dark, shiny”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”).


brun

From Middle Low German brûn, from Old Saxon brūn, from Proto-West Germanic *brūn.


brun

ro-adj

brun m or n (feminine singular brună, masculine plural bruni, feminine and neuter plural brune)

brună (feminine singular)
bruni (masculine plural)
brune (feminine neuter plural)
brun (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
brună (feminine indefinite singular)
bruni (indefinite masculine plural)
brune (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
brunul (definite masculine neuter singular)
bruna (definite feminine singular)
brunii (definite masculine plural)
brunele (definite feminine neuter plural)
brune (feminine indefinite singular)
brunului (definite masculine neuter singular)
brunei (definite feminine singular)
brunelor (definite masculine plural)
brunilor (definite feminine neuter plural)


brun

head

brun (comparative brunare, superlative brunast)

brunare (comparative)
brunast (superlative)
brun (indefinite positive)
brunare (comparative indefinite)
brunast (indefinite superlative)
brunt (indefinite neuter positive singular)
brunare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
brunast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
bruna (indefinite plural positive)
brunare (comparative indefinite plural)
brunast (indefinite plural superlative)
brune (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
brunare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
brunast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
brune (definite masculine positive singular)
brunare (comparative definite masculine singular)
brunaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
bruna (definite positive)
brunare (comparative definite)
brunaste (definite superlative)

→ Elfdalian: brun

→ Estonian: pruun

From Old Swedish brūn, from Old Norse brúnn. The political sense is originally a reference to the brown uniforms worn by members of the Sturmabteilung, a paramilitary organization in Nazi Germany.


soot

en-noun

soot (usually uncountable, plural soots)

From Middle English soot, soote, sote, sot, from Old English sōt, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą (“soot”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Cognate with dated Dutch zoet (“soot”), German Low German Soot (“soot”), Danish sod (“soot”), Swedish sot (“soot”), Icelandic sót (“soot”). Compare similar ō-grade formation the same Proto-Indo-European root in Old Irish suide (“soot”) and Balto-Slavic: Lithuanian súodžiai (“soot”), and Proto-Slavic *saďa (“soot”) (Russian са́жа (sáža), Polish and Slovak sadza, Bulgarian са́жда (sážda)).

Fine black or dull brown particles of amorphous carbon and tar, produced by the incomplete combustion of coal, oil etc.


soot

English: soot

Scots: suit, sute

Yola: zoot

Inherited from Old English sōt, from Proto-West Germanic *sōt, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.


golden

en-adj

golden (comparative more golden or goldener, superlative most golden or goldenest)

more golden (comparative)
goldener (comparative)
most golden (superlative)
goldenest (superlative)

From Middle English golden, a restored form (due to the noun gold) of earlier Middle English gulden, gylden, gilden ("golden"; > English gilden), from Old English gylden (“golden”), from Proto-West Germanic *gulþīn, from Proto-Germanic *gulþīnaz (“golden, made of gold”), equivalent to gold + -en.
Cognate with Dutch gouden, gulden (“golden”), German gülden, golden (“golden”), Danish gylden (“golden”). Doublet of gilden. More at gold.

gloss

"golden"; > English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">gilden</i>

der

[ˈɡɒʊ̯ɫ.dn̩]

kill the goose that lays the golden eggs

She wore a golden crown.

And now the concern which Partridge felt at being obliged to quit the warm chimney-corner, and a cup of excellent liquor, was somewhat compensated by hearing that he was to proceed no farther on foot, for Jones, by golden arguments, had prevailed with the boy to attend him back to the inn whither he had before conducted Sophia […]

1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:

Under a golden sun.

golden:

Having a color or other richness suggestive of gold.

goue

having a color or other richness suggestive of gold

Many anti-fog variety goggles are available, but if you don't get that type, just rub a little spit on the lenses before you put them on in the water and you'll be golden.

2007, Colin Barr, Steve Katai, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Triathlon Training, Penguin, →ISBN, page 28:

Therefore, the task ahead is easy. When the spotlight is on you, never let the audience down and you'll be golden.

2009, Mark Wiskup, Presentation S.O.S.: From Perspiration to Persuasion in 9 Easy Steps, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

If all of the marks line up perfectly, then you're golden, and you can continue on with finishing up the installation.

2011, Wayne R. Dempsey, 101 Projects for Your Porsche Boxster, Motorbooks, →ISBN, page 68:

(UK, slang, predicative) Fine, without problems.


golden

[ˈɡɒʊ̯ɫ.dn̩]

Kyphosus vaigiensis, a fish found in southeast Asia.

The archives of the Golden Retriever Club of America (GRCA) record goldens in the United States as early as the 1890s.

1995, Jaime J. Sucher, Golden Retrievers, Barron’s, →ISBN, page 76:

Golden retrievers, or goldens, make great family pets.[…]Goldens should be brushed regularly.

2017, Linda Bozzo, I Like Golden Retrievers! (Discover Dogs with the American Canine Association), Enslow Publishing, pages 4 and 15:

Throw a toy into the water, and watch your golden go for it!

2019, Sarah Frank, Golden Retrievers, Lerner Publishing Group, page 6:

People like petting goldens.

2021, Marcie Aboff, Fast Facts About Golden Retrievers (Fast Facts About Dogs), Raintree, Capstone Global Library Limited, →ISBN, page 13:

golden retriever
golden retriever#English


golden

en-verb

golden (third-person singular simple present goldens, present participle goldening, simple past and past participle goldened)

goldens (present singular third-person)
goldening (participle present)
goldened (participle past)
goldened (past)

From gold + -en, or perhaps a derivation from the adjective above.

[ˈɡɒʊ̯ɫ.dn̩]

(intransitive) To become gold or golden (in color).


actinic

From Ancient Greek ἀκτίς, ἀκτῖν- (aktís, aktîn-, “ray”) + -ic.

uder

ἀκτίς, ἀκτῖν-

Related to radiation; used most often in reference to light, especially in the ultraviolet range.

He bounded over cresting waves that shone in the actinic glare.

In medicine, actinic keratoses usually occur in sundamaged skin and exhibit hyperkeratosis.

(medicine) Caused by extensive exposure to ultraviolet light.

It should be borne in mind that the actinic power of the sun is subject to considerable variations, due to its elevation above the horizon.

1883, Abraham Cowley Malley, Micro-photography: Including a Description of the Wet Collodion and Gelatino-Bromide Processes, page 32:

I got my picture, and it turned out quite a good one, despite the rather poor light which at that time of day, 7 p.m., was lacking in actinic value.

1943 May and June, Chas. S. Lake, “Some Continental Travel Experiences (1922-1939)—III”, in Railway Magazine, page 141:

(chemistry, photography) Of or relating to actinism, the range of photochemical effects produced by exposure to EM radiation, particularly sunlight.


blank

af-adj

blank (attributive blanke, comparative blanker, superlative blankste)

blanke (attributive)
blanker (comparative)
blankste (superlative)


cauterize

en-verb

cauterize (third-person singular simple present cauterizes, present participle cauterizing, simple past and past participle cauterized)

cauterizes (present singular third-person)
cauterizing (participle present)
cauterized (participle past)
cauterized (past)

/ˈkɔːtəɹaɪz/

[ˈkʰɔɾəɹaɪz]

[ˈkʰɑɾəɹaɪz]

From Middle French cauteriser, from Late Latin cauterizō (“to burn with a hot iron”), from Ancient Greek καυτηριάζω (kautēriázō, “to brand”), from καυτήρ (kautḗr, “branding iron”), from καίω (kaíō, “to burn”).

der

[…] Lanfrank takes Notice of Tract. 3. Doct. 3. cap. 18. ſaying, "I have ſeen many who being full of Humours, have made an Iſſue under the Knee, before due Purgation had been premis'd; whence, by reaſon of the too great Defluxion of Humours, the Legs tumified, ſo that the cauterized Place corrupted, and a Cancer (or rather cacoethic Ulcer) was thereby made, with which great Difficulty was cur'd."

1732, George Smith, Institutiones Chirurgicæ: or, Principles of Surgery, … To which is Annexed, a Chirurgical Dispensatory, …, London: Printed [by William Bowyer] for Henry Lintot, at the Cross-Keys against St. Dunstan's Church in Fleetstreet, →OCLC, page 254:

To burn and hence seal open tissue using a heated article or caustic agent so as to stop bleeding or minimise the risk of infection.


paprika

en-noun

paprika (countable and uncountable, plural paprikas)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Indo-Aryan; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). Akin to paprikash.

cog

California is taking the lead, producing a paprika that is more standardized and more uniformly available than the European growers offer.

1995, Jean Andrews, Peppers: The Domesticated Capsicums, →ISBN, page 73:

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

(uncountable) Powdered spice made from dried and ground fruits of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper (cultivars of Capsicum annuum), or mixtures of these (used especially in Hungarian cooking).

Using the trio of paprikas gives more flavour than you'd get using a single paprika.

2011, Heidi Swan, Super Natural Evey Day, →ISBN:

strings of red paprikas hang outside to dry in the autumn

2003, Jonathan Bousfield, Rough Guide to Croatia, →ISBN, page 123:

(countable, rare, commonly called "dried [bell/chilli] peppers" or "dried capsicums") A dried but not yet ground fruit of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper sold for use as a spice.

paprika:

A bright reddish orange colour resembling that of the ground spice.


paprika

en-adj

paprika (comparative more paprika, superlative most paprika)

more paprika (comparative)
most paprika (superlative)

Of a bright reddish orange colour, like that of the dried paprika.


paprika

From English paprika, borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Indo-Aryan; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).

paprika; powdered spice made from dried and ground fruits of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper (cultivars of Capsicum annuum), or mixtures of these


paprika

having a bright reddish orange colour, like that of the dried paprika


ardeo

la-verb

ārdeō (present infinitive ārdēre, perfect active ārsī, supine ārsum); second conjugation

ārdeō (canonical)
ārdēre (infinitive present)
ārsī (active perfect)
ārsum (supine)
ārdeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
ārdēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
ārdet (active indicative present singular third-person)
ārdēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
ārdētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
ārdent (active indicative plural present third-person)
ārdēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ārdēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ārdēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ārdēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ārdēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ārdēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ārdēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
ārdēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
ārdēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
ārdēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
ārdēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
ārdēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
ārsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
ārsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
ārsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
ārsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
ārsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
ārsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ārsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ārseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
ārserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
ārserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ārserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
ārserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ārserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
ārserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
ārseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
ārserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
ārserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
ārseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
ārserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
ārdeor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
ārdēris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
ārdēre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
ārdētur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
ārdēmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
ārdēminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
ārdentur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
ārdēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
ārdēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
ārdēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
ārdēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
ārdēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
ārdēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
ārdēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
ārdēbor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
ārdēberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
ārdēbere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
ārdēbitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
ārdēbimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
ārdēbiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
ārdēbuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
ārsus + future active indicative of sum (future indicative passive perfect)
ārdeam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
ārdeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ārdeat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
ārdeāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
ārdeātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
ārdeant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
ārdērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ārdērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ārdēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ārdērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ārdērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ārdērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ārserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
ārserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ārserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ārserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
ārserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ārserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ārsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
ārsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ārsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ārsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
ārsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ārsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ārdear (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
ārdeāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ārdeāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ārdeātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
ārdeāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
ārdeāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
ārdeantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
ārdērer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
ārdērēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ārdērēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ārdērētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ārdērēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
ārdērēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ārdērentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ārdē (active imperative present second-person singular)
ārdēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
ārdētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
ārdētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
ārdētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
ārdentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
ārdēre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
ārdēminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
ārdētor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
ārdētor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
ārdentor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
ārdēre (active infinitive present)
ārsisse (active infinitive perfect)
ārsūrum esse (active future infinitive)
ārdērī (infinitive passive present)
ārsum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
ārsum īrī (future infinitive passive)
ārdēns (active participle present)
ārsūrus (active future participle)
ārsus (participle passive perfect)
ārdendus (future participle passive)
ārdendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
ārdendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
ārdendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
ārdendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
ārsum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
ārsū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Dalmatian:

ardar

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: ardoir, ardeir

Middle French: ardoir

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: arder

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: arder
Galician: arder
Portuguese: arder

Spanish: arder

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: ardu

Megleno-Romanian: ardu

Romanian: arde

Istro-Romanian: årde

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ardere

Sicilian: àrdiri

North Italian:

Friulian: ardi

Romansch: arder

Venetan: àrdar

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: ardre

Old French: ardre

Middle French: ardre

French: ardre

→ English: arson

Old Occitan: ardre

Occitan: ardre

From ār(i)dus + -eō. Cf. audeō < avidus. For the supine ārsum compare also audeō : ausum and gaudeō : gavīsum, in which the i was retained.

Augēbant metum prōdigia ex plūribus simul locīs nūntiāta: […] et Praeneste ārdentēs lapidēs caelō cecidisse, […]

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 22.1.8–9

Prodigies from various places announced at the same time increased fear: […] and at Praeneste burning rocks fell from the sky, […]

Apparuitque eī Dominus in flammā ignis dē mediō rubī et vidēbat quod rubus ārdēret et nōn conbūrerētur.

The Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire from the middle of a bramble bush, and he saw that the bush was burning and not being consumed.


biscuit

en-noun

biscuit (countable and uncountable, plural biscuits)

Tok Pisin: bisket

→ Bengali: বিস্কুট (biskuṭ)

→ Burmese: ဘီစကွတ် (bhica.kwat)

→ Cebuano: biskuwít, biskwit

→ Fiji Hindi: biskut

→ Gujarati: બિસ્કિટ (biskiṭ)

→ Hausa: bìskît

desc

ביסקוויט//בִּיסְקְוִיט

→ Hebrew: ביסקוויט／בִּיסְקְוִיט (bískvit)

→ Hiligaynon: biskwit

desctree

→ Hindi: बिस्कुट (biskuṭ)
→ Jarawa: biskuʈ (“biscuit”)

→ Indonesian: beskit, biskit

→ Japanese: ビスケット (bisuketto)

→ Korean: 비스켓 (biseuket)

→ Malay: biskut

→ Marshallese: petkōj

→ Punjabi: ਬਿਸਕੁਟ (biskuṭ)

→⇒ Scottish Gaelic: briosgaid

→ Spanish: bísquet, bísquete

→ Swahili: biskuti

→ Sylheti: ꠛꠤꠍꠇꠥꠐ (bisókuṭ)

→ Tagalog: biskuwit

→ Thai: บิสกิต (bís-gìt)

→ Urdu: بسکٹ (biskiṭ)
→ Ushojo: بسکٹ (biskiṭ)

→ Yoruba: bisikíìtì

→ Zulu: bhisikidi

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From earlier bisket, from Middle English bisquyte, from Old French bescuit (French biscuit); doublet of biscotto.

biscuit:


asparagus

en-noun

asparagus (plural asparagus or asparaguses or asparagusses or asparagi)

asparagus (plural)
asparaguses (plural)
asparagusses (plural)
asparagi (plural)

/əˈspæɹ.ə.ɡəs/

/əˈspæɹ.ə.ɡəs/

/əˈspɛɹ.ə.ɡəs/

Borrowed from Medieval Latin asparagus, sparagus, from Ancient Greek ἀσπάραγος (aspáragos), variant of ἀσφάραγος (aspháragos). Displaced Old English eorþnafola.

Any of various perennial plants of the genus Asparagus having leaflike stems, scalelike leaves, and small flowers.


blua

eo-head

blua (accusative singular bluan, plural bluaj, accusative plural bluajn)

bluan (accusative singular)
bluaj (plural)
bluajn (accusative plural)

From French bleu, Italian blu, and English blue, all ultimately from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz. Compare German blau, Dutch blauw, Yiddish בלוי (bloy), Swedish blå, Greek μπλε (ble).


murg

From Proto-Albanian *murga, from *morHgʷo, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)merHgʷ- (compare Old English mierce (“darkness”), Lithuanian márgas (“multicolored”), Ancient Greek ἀμορβός (amorbós, “dark”)).


actinism

en-noun

actinism (usually uncountable, plural actinisms)

electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation

(chemistry, physics) That property of electromagnetic radiation that leads to the production of photochemical effects

aktinisme

the property of electromagnetic radiation that leads to the production of photochemical effects


blanka

eo-head

blanka (accusative singular blankan, plural blankaj, accusative plural blankajn)

blankan (accusative singular)
blankaj (plural)
blankajn (accusative plural)

Common Romance (French blanc, Italian bianco, Spanish blanco). Perhaps also influenced by Polish biały, Russian бе́лый (bélyj).

En okcidenta civilizo, nur la fianĉino devas porti blankan robon ĉe nupto.

In Western society, only the bride should wear a white dress at a wedding.


blanka

lad-adj

blanka (Latin spelling, masculine blanko)


rosso

it-adj

rosso (feminine rossa, masculine plural rossi, feminine plural rosse)

rossa (feminine)
rossi (masculine plural)
rosse (feminine plural)

From Latin russus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Cognate with Latin rosa.

[…] Ed ei mi disse: «Il foco etterno ¶ ch'entro l'affoca le dimostra rosse, ¶ come tu vedi in questo basso inferno».

1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto VIII”, in Inferno [Hell], lines 73–75; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate], 2ⁿᵈ revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:

And he to me: "The fire eternal that kindles them within makes them look red, as thou beholdest in this nether Hell".


rosso

Ond' io a lui: «Lo strazio e 'l grande scempio ¶ che fece l'Arbia colorata in rosso, ¶ tal orazion fa far nel nostro tempio».

1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Inferno [The Divine Comedy: Hell], 12th edition (paperback), Le Monnier, published 1994, Canto X, page 158, lines 85–87:

Whence I to him: "The slaughter and great carnage ¶ which have with crimson stained the Arbia, cause ¶ such orisons in our temple to be made."

(metonymically, sometimes derogatory) a Socialist or Communist


bruna

eo-head

bruna (accusative singular brunan, plural brunaj, accusative plural brunajn)

brunan (accusative singular)
brunaj (plural)
brunajn (accusative plural)

bruna:


heliotrope

en-noun

heliotrope (countable and uncountable, plural heliotropes)

PIE word
 *sóh₂wl̥
The noun is borrowed from French héliotrope, from Latin hēliotropium (“plant which turns to face the sun; bloodstone”), from Ancient Greek ἡλῐοτρόπῐον (hēliotrópion, “European heliotrope (Heliotropium europaeum); bloodstone; solar clock, sundial”), from ἥλῐος (hḗlios, “the sun”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“the sun”)) + τρόπος (trópos, “a turn”) (from τρέπω (trépō, “to rotate; to turn”) (from Proto-Indo-European *trep- (“to turn”)) + -ος (-os, suffix forming nouns from verbs)) + -ῐον (-ion, diminutive suffix forming nouns).
The French-derived spelling displaced Middle English elitrope, eliotropius, elitropium (“plant which turns to face the sun; bloodstone”) [and other forms], from Old English eliotropus, from Latin hēliotropium (see above); and Old English siġelhweorfa, sōlsece, and sunnfolgend (“heliotrope flower”).
Sense 6 (“synonym of bloodstone”) is from the fact that a piece of the mineral placed in water is said to change the sun’s rays to a blood-red colour: see the 1601 quotation.
The adjective is probably derived from the noun.

ref

From the B. A. Colonna collection, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S.A.

nb...

eliscrope, eliotropia, elitrepie, elitropius

garden heliotrope

Heliotropium arborescens or Valeriana officinalis

As they entered now, it seemed a blaze of roses and carnations, though one recognised in a moment the presence of the lily, the heliotrope, and the stock.

1870, B[enjamin] Disraeli, chapter XXIX, in Lothair. […], volume III, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, page 326:

Here's newyearspray, the posquiflor, a windaborne and heliotrope; there miriamsweet and amaranth and marygold to crown.

1939 May 4, James Joyce, Finnegans Wake, London: Faber and Faber Limited, →OCLC; republished London: Faber & Faber Limited, 1960, →OCLC, part III, page 561:

(countable, botany, also figuratively) A plant with flowers which turn to face and follow the sun, such as (archaic) marigolds and sunflowers.

(specifically) A plant of the genus Heliotropium, especially the common heliotrope (Heliotropium arborescens) which has clusters of purple flowers with a strong fragrance.

heliotrooppi

plant of the genus Heliotropium; any of various plants resembling those of the genus Heliotropium

He had lost his affable smile, and wore a look of almost military resolution; […] he had always smelt so much more of heliotrope than of gunpowder.

1881, Henry James, Jr., chapter XLIII, in The Portrait of a Lady, New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC, page 381:

Ransacking the drawers of the dresser he came upon a discarded, tiny, ragged handkerchief. He pressed it to his face. It was racy and insolent with heliotrope; he hurled it to the floor.

1906 April, O. Henry [pseudonym; William Sydney Porter], “The Furnished Room”, in The Four Million, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co, →OCLC, page 246:

(uncountable) The fragrance of Heliotropium arborescens flowers, or a scent resembling this fragrance.

heliotroopin tuoksu

fragrance of Heliotropium arborescens flowers; scent resembling this fragrance

heliotrope:

Kit woke to see looming over him the face of Dr. Willi Dingkopf, framed by a haircut in violation of more than one law of physics, and a vivid necktie in fuchsia, heliotrope, and duck green, a gift from one of the patients, […]

2006, Thomas Pynchon, “Bilocations”, in Against the Day, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 623:

(uncountable) A light purple or violet colour like that of Heliotropium arborescens flowers.

светловиолетов

(signalling):

(surveying):

(countable) An instrument that uses a mirror to reflect sunlight for purposes such as signalling, or (surveying) triangulation (where the reflected light is detected by another surveyor positioned some distance away).

heliotrooppi

instrument that uses a mirror to reflect sunlight for purposes such as signalling or triangulation


heliotrope

en-adj

heliotrope (comparative more heliotrope, superlative most heliotrope)

more heliotrope (comparative)
most heliotrope (superlative)

"Lady in a heliotrope dress with a lace collar, three flounces on the skirt?" / "That's right, Mr. Bennett," agreed old Goslin. / "It's the Babe himself!" asserted Harry Bennett.

1904, Jerome K[lapka] Jerome, “Story the Sixth: ‘The Babe’ Applies for Shares”, in Tommy and Co., 1st Canadian edition, Toronto, Ont.: Langton and Hall, →OCLC, page 232:

There was a ten-mile stretch of level ground, blown hard as rock, from which the sustenance had been bleached, for not a spear of grass grew there. And following that was a tortuous passage through a weird region of clay dunes, blue and violet and heliotrope and lavender, all worn smooth by rain and wind.

1917 January, Zane Grey, chapter VI, in Wildfire, New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 78:

Of a light purple or violet colour like that of Heliotropium arborescens flowers.

heliotroopin värinen

of a light purple or violet colour like that of Heliotropium arborescens flowers


fluorescent

fluorescent (comparative more fluorescent, superlative most fluorescent)

more fluorescent (comparative)
most fluorescent (superlative)

/ˌflʊəˈɹɛsənt/

The fluorescent plants shimmered in the darkness.

The quality of fluorescent lighting technology has improved dramatically in recent years.

Emitting visible light as a result of the excitation of phosphors by ultraviolet photons produced by the passage of an electrical current through an inert gas infused with mercury.

Her shirt was fluorescent orange.


fluorescent

/ˌflʊəˈɹɛsənt/

The fluorescents hummed day and night.


engineer

→ Burmese: အင်ဂျင်နီယာ (anggyangniya)

→ Hawaiian: ʻenekinia

→ Hindi: इंजीनियर (iñjīniyar)

→ Japanese: エンジニア (enjinia)

desc

အိန်ဂျေန်နဳယျာ

→ Mon: အိန်ဂျေန်နဳယျာ

→ Mon: အိန်ဂျေန်နဳယျာ

→ Persian:

Dari: اِنْجِنِیر (injinīr)

/ˌɛn(d)ʒɪˈnɪə/

/ˌɛnd͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ/

The noun is derived from:
* Middle English enginour (“one who designs, constructs, or operates military works for attack or defence, etc.; machine designer”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman enginour, engigneour [and other forms], and Middle French and Old French engigneor, engigneour, engignier (“one who designs, constructs, or operates military works for attack or defence; architect; carpenter; craftsman; designer; planner; one who deceives or schemes”) (modern French ingénieur), from engin (“contraption, device; machine; invention; creativity, ingenuity; intelligence; deception, ruse, trickery”) + -eor, -or (suffix forming agent nouns); engin is derived from Latin ingenium (“innate or natural quality, nature; intelligence, natural capacity; ability, skill, talent; (Medieval Latin) engine; machine”), from in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside, within’) + gignere (the present active infinitive of gignō (“to bear, beget, give birth to; to cause, produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth to; to produce”)) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns); and
* from engine + -er (occupational suffix); and
* from engine + -eer (suffix forming nouns denoting people associated with, concerned with, or engaged in specified activities), possibly modelled after Middle French ingénieur (a variant of Middle French, Old French engigneour; see above), and Italian ingegniere (“engineer”) (obsolete; modern Italian ingegnere).
The verb is derived from the noun.
cognates
* Medieval Latin, Late Latin ingeniārius (“engineer”)
* Medieval Latin ingeniator (“one constructing or using an engine”)
* Old Occitan engenhador, enginhador
* Portuguese engenhador (obsolete), engenheiro (“engineer”)
* Spanish engeñero (obsolete), ingeniero (“engineer”)

nb...

(Late Middle English) engyner, (Middle English) engineour, enginer, engyneour, engyneor, engynour, yngynore

engineor, enginere, engineur, enginor, enginur

cog

A person trained to operate an engine; an engineman.

(US, firefighting) A person who drives or operates a fire engine.


helioscope

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-helioscope.wav

(astronomy) An apparatus for viewing the Sun without harming the eye, by means of an optical filter that attenuates most of sunlight while allowing only a small amount of the solar radiation.


heliostat

Circa 1750, from New Latin heliostata, from Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”) + Latin status (“stationary”).

In reply, the clockwork heliostats that had tracked the sun to reflect light into the indoor areas during the day now swivelled towards the street lamp to do the same for the night.

2024, Jasper Fforde, Red Side Story, Hodder & Stoughton, page 90:

A device that includes a plane mirror which turns so as to keep reflecting sunlight toward a predetermined target, compensating for the sun's apparent motions in the sky. The target may be a physical object, distant from the heliostat, or a direction in space, and is almost always stationary relative to the heliostat, so the light is reflected in a fixed direction.

heliòstat

device to continuously reflect sunlight toward a predetermined target, almost always in some fixed direction, despite the sun's motions in the sky


bordo

pl-adj

bordo (not comparable, no derived adverb)

bordo:

bordeaux, claret (having a dark red color tinged with purple, like that of Bordeaux (red) wine)


bordo

bordeaux (dark red color tinged with purple, like that of Burgundy (red) wine)

Bordeaux (wine coming from Bordeaux in France)


heliograph

It was a lieutenant and a couple of privates of the 8th Hussars, with a stand like a theodolite, which the artilleryman told me was a heliograph.

1895–1897, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, “What I Saw of the Destruction of Weybridge and Shepperton”, in The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, published 1898, →OCLC, book I (The Coming of the Martians), page 91:

And Love had made him very sage, as Nature made her fair; / So Cupid and Apollo linked, per heliograph, the pair.

1919, Rudyard Kipling, “A Code of Morals”, in Departmental Ditties and Ballads and Barrack-Room Ballads:

when we stood up at nightfall we saw, in the sunset, the sparkle of the heliograph above cities, on the far side of the horizon.

1979, Alasdair Gray, “Five Letters From an Eastern Empire”, in Every Short Story 1951-2012, Canongate, published 2012, page 93:

An apparatus for signalling by means of a moveable mirror which reflects flashes of sunlight.

An instrument for measuring the intensity of sunlight.


heliograph

en-verb

heliograph (third-person singular simple present heliographs, present participle heliographing, simple past and past participle heliographed)

heliographs (present singular third-person)
heliographing (participle present)
heliographed (participle past)
heliographed (past)

With damnatory dot and dash he heliographed his wife / Some interesting details of the General's private life.

(transitive) To send a message by heliograph.

(transitive, dated) To photograph by sunlight.


שמש

he-noun

שַׁמָּשׁ • (shamásh) m [pattern: קַטָּל]

שַׁמָּשׁ (canonical)
shamásh (romanization)

→ English: shamash

desctree

→ Yiddish: שמשׂ (shames)
→ Dutch: sjammes
→ English: shammes

(Judaism) shamash (the candle used to light the other eight candles of a Hanukkah menorah or hanukkiah)


שמש

he-verb

שִׁמֵּשׁ • (shimésh) (pi'el construction)

שִׁמֵּשׁ (canonical)
shimésh (romanization)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

שימש שימש#Hebrew


luminoso

gl-adj

luminoso (feminine luminosa, masculine plural luminosos, feminine plural luminosas)

luminosa (feminine)
luminosos (masculine plural)
luminosas (feminine plural)


mermaid

From Middle English mermayde (“maid of the sea”), from mere (“sea, lake”) + maid, equivalent to mer- + maid. Cognate with Dutch meermeid (“mermaid”), Middle High German mermaget, mermeit (“mermaid”, > German Meermagd, Meermädchen (“mermaid”)). Compare Old English meremenn, meremennen, meremenin (“mermaid, siren”).

inh

a mermaid smoothie

mermaid ice-cream

(as a modifier) Coloured a brilliant turquoise.


9/11 attacks
911 (disambiguation)
Federal Communications Commission
National Emergency Number Association
United States

Chosen by the United States in the 1960s in place of the older British 999 number as a better way to avoid accidental calls from push-button telephones. It is officially pronounced "nine-one-one," not "nine-eleven," since "nine-eleven" refers to the 2001 attacks in New York and Washington. 9/11 is universally distinguished from 911 and usually refers to the September 11, 2001 attacks. Officially written as 9-1-1 in regulations and materials from the United States National Emergency Number Association and Federal Communications Commission, which is also advocated by some media style guides.

I don't know why they couldn't just keep it as it was! How hard is it to remember 911?
You mean 999...
I mean 999!
That's the American one!
Yeah!

2006 Feb. 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 2

When you call 911 in the United States, a local dispatcher usually answers the phone with "911" or "911. What's your emergency?"

The telephone number for emergency services in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, Argentina, Uruguay, Ecuador, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Liberia, Ethiopia, the Philippines, Anguilla, Palau, and Tonga.

emergency services(Australia) 000(Mongolia) 105(China, Iran) 110(New Zealand) 111(European Union) 112(Japan, South Korea) 119(UK, Ireland) 999


luminous

en-adj

luminous (comparative more luminous, superlative most luminous)

more luminous (comparative)
most luminous (superlative)

Borrowed from Middle French lumineus, from Latin lūminōsus.

The moon, which had been slowly ascending, now shone through an open space between the trees; and the rippling waters of the brook gave back her light in luminous vibrations.

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter IV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 21:

The bonfire in his heart made luminous the rose-tan in his cheek.

1888–1891, Herman Melville, “[Billy Budd, Foretopman.] Chapter [HTTP://GUTENBERG.NET.AU/EBOOKS06/0608511H.HTML CHAPTER 11].”, in Billy Budd and Other Stories, London: John Lehmann, published 1951, →OCLC:

Emitting light; glowing brightly; shining.


lamp

Tok Pisin: lam

→ Korean: 램프 (raempeu)

→ Pohnpeian: lamp

From Middle English laumpe, lampe, from Old French lampe (“lamp, light”), from Latin lampas (“torch, lamp, light”), from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás, “torch, lamp, beacon, light, meteor”), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“to shine”). Cognate with Lithuanian lópė (“light”), Welsh llachar (“bright”). Displaced native Old English lēohtfæt (literally “light container”).

cog

A device that generates heat, light or other radiation. Especially an electric light bulb.

A device containing oil, burnt through a wick for illumination; an oil lamp.

A piece of furniture holding one or more electric light sockets.


lamp

en-verb

lamp (third-person singular simple present lamps, present participle lamping, simple past and past participle lamped)

lamps (present singular third-person)
lamping (participle present)
lamped (participle past)
lamped (past)

(UK, Ireland) To hunt at night using a lamp, during which bright lights are used to dazzle the hunted animal or to attract insects for capture.

I'm in my Flavmobile cold lamping. I took a G upstate cold camping. To the Poconos, we call a hideaways. A bag of franks and a bag of Frito-Lays.

1988 June 28, “Cold Lampin' With Flavor” (track 4), in It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back, performed by Public Enemy:

(slang, US) To hang out or chill; to do nothing in particular.

To make into a table lamp, said of a vase or urn, etc.


lamp

nl-noun

lamp f (plural lampen, diminutive lampje n)

lampen (plural)
lampje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: lamp

Berbice Creole Dutch: lampu

Jersey Dutch: lāmp

Negerhollands: lamp

→ Japanese: ランプ (ranpu)

→ Malay: lampu

Indonesian: lampu

→ Petjo: lampoe

→ Papiamentu: lampi

→ Sranan Tongo: lampu

→ Caribbean Hindustani: lamphu

→ Kari'na: lampu

→ Lokono: lampu

→ Trió: rama

From Middle Dutch lampe, from Old French lampe, from Latin lampas (“lamp; torch; lantern”), from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás, “torch; lamp”), from λάμπω (lámpō, “shine”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“glow”).

der

(electronics, informal) vacuum tube, thermionic valve


lamp

cy-noun

lamp f or m (plural lampau, not mutable)


sear

en-adj

sear (comparative searer or more sear, superlative searest or most sear)

searer (comparative)
more sear (comparative)
searest (superlative)
most sear (superlative)

From Middle English sere, seer, seere, from Old English sēar, sīere (“dry, sere, sear, withered, barren”), from Proto-West Germanic *sauʀ(ī), from Proto-Germanic *sauzaz (“dry”), from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂ews- (“dry, parched”) (also reconstructed as *h₂sews-).
Cognate with Dutch zoor (“dry, rough”), Low German soor (“dry”), German sohr (“parched, dried up”), dialectal Norwegian søyr (“the desiccation and death of a tree”), Lithuanian saũsas (“dry”), Homeric Ancient Greek αὖος (aûos, “dry”). Doublet of sere and sare.

cog

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-sear.wav

There are in all but three vvayes of going thither [to the moon]. […] [The] third, Old Empedocles vvay; vvho vvhen he leaped into Ætna, having a drie ſeare bodie, and light, the ſmoake took him and vvhift him up into the Moone, vvhere he lives yet vvaving up and dovvne like a feather, all foot and embers comming out of that cole-pit; our Poet met him, and talkt vvith him.

1620 January 17 (first performance; Gregorian calendar), Benjamin Jonson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Newes from the New World Discover’d in the Moon. A Masque, […]”, in The Workes of Benjamin Jonson. The Second Volume. […] (Second Folio), London: […] Richard Meighen, published 1640–1641, →OCLC, page 42:

The autumn winds rushing / Waft the leaves that are searest, / But our flower was in flushing, / When blighting was nearest.

1810, Walter Scott, “Canto III. The Gathering.”, in The Lady of the Lake; […], Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for John Ballantyne and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and William Miller, →OCLC, stanza XVI, page 118:

Dry; withered, especially of vegetation.


sear

en-verb

sear (third-person singular simple present sears, present participle searing, simple past and past participle seared)

sears (present singular third-person)
searing (participle present)
seared (participle past)
seared (past)

From Middle English seren, seeren, from Old English sēarian (“to become sere, to grow sear, wither, pine away”), from Proto-West Germanic *sauʀēn (“to dry out, become dry”); compare also Proto-Germanic *sauzijaną (“to make dry”). Related to Old High German sōrēn (“to wither, wilt”). See Etymology 1 for more cognates. The use in firearms terminology may relate to French serrer (“to grip”).

cog

I will sear the skin from your flesh. You will die a thousand deaths!

2001, Ben Stivers, Wrath of Magic, page 123:

When you drop the tuna onto the pan, the outside will sear and cook quickly while leaving as much of the center as possible in its raw state.

2010, Jeff Potter, Cooking for Geeks: Real Science, Great Hacks, and Good Food, page 180:

I often will sear steaks, move them to a cooler side, then use the hot side to grill or sauté vegetables, make a sauce in a cast-iron skillet, or grill some fruit for dessert while the steak finishes.

2016, Melissa Cookston, Smokin' Hot in the South, page 12:

(transitive) To char, scorch, or burn the surface of (something) with a hot instrument.

لَفَحَ

To char, scorch, or burn the surface of something with a hot instrument

The events of that day were seared into her memory.

(transitive, figurative) To mark permanently, as if by burning.


lai

Uncertain. Compare Romanian lai, Albanian ljaj.


lai

ro-adj

lai m or n (feminine singular laie, plural lăi)

laie (feminine singular)
lăi (plural)
lai (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
laie (feminine indefinite singular)
lăi (indefinite masculine plural)
lăi (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
laiul (definite masculine neuter singular)
laia (definite feminine singular)
lăii (definite masculine plural)
lăile (definite feminine neuter plural)
lăi (feminine indefinite singular)
laiului (definite masculine neuter singular)
lăii (definite feminine singular)
lăilor (definite masculine plural)
lăilor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Uncertain. Several explanations exist. One derives it from Albanian ljaj, itself possibly from Latin flavus, but this is uncertain, and it may be that the Albanian is derived from Proto-Romanian (or Aromanian- compare the cognate laiu, lae in this language). Other theories suggest a Romanian root *gălai, from Latin galla or alternatively an etymology from labes (“fault, defect”), extending the meaning to "spot" and hence, "black" or "dark", but as it is a secondary meaning in Latin, this is not very likely. A more likely explanation may be a relation to the verb la (“to wash”), as lai is used mostly to describe the natural color of wool resulting from washing (compare the similar secondary senses of Spanish crudo, French écru).

(popular) black (or black mixed with white), gray


smoke explosion

en-noun

smoke explosion (plural smoke explosions)

(firefighting) An explosion of flue gases accumulated inside a burning building.


scorch

en-verb

scorch (third-person singular simple present scorches, present participle scorching, simple past and past participle scorched)

scorches (present singular third-person)
scorching (participle present)
scorched (participle past)
scorched (past)

From Middle English scorchen, scorcnen (“to make dry; parch”), perhaps an alteration of earlier *scorpnen, from Old Norse skorpna (“to shrivel up”).

(transitive) To burn the surface of something so as to discolour it

обгарям

to burn the surface of something so as to discolour it

Lashed by mad rage, and scorched by brutal fires.

(transitive) To wither, parch or destroy something by heat or fire, especially to make land or buildings unusable to an enemy

ütmək

to wither, parch or destroy something by heat or fire

Power was given unto him to scorch men with fire.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 16:8:

the fire that scorches me to death

1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):


nero

→ Greek: νέρος (néros)

negro

part archaic, part borrowed from Spanish


brandlarm

brandlarm (indefinite nominative singular)
brandlarms (genitive indefinite singular)
brandlarmet (definite nominative singular)
brandlarmets (definite genitive singular)
brandlarm (indefinite nominative plural)
brandlarms (genitive indefinite plural)
brandlarmen (definite nominative plural)
brandlarmens (definite genitive plural)


backdraft

(American spelling, firefighting) Sudden, dangerous recombustion that occurs when there is a rapid reintroduction of oxygen to an enclosed space containing a fire.

a different extreme fire behavior phenomenon


fire truck

(firefighting, US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) A ladder truck, a vehicle used by firefighters to gain access to the upper stories of a building. Typically, a fire truck has a hydraulic system which operates a large, heavy-duty ladder mounted on top of the truck body, space for portable ladders to be stored and compartments for holding other tools that may be needed. Unlike a fire engine, trucks do not have pumps or carry water.


brandbil

head

brandbil c (singular definite brandbilen, plural indefinite brandbiler)

brandbilen (definite singular)
brandbiler (indefinite plural)
brandbil (indefinite nominative singular)
brandbilen (definite nominative singular)
brandbiler (indefinite nominative plural)
brandbilerne (definite nominative plural)
brandbils (genitive indefinite singular)
brandbilens (definite genitive singular)
brandbilers (genitive indefinite plural)
brandbilernes (definite genitive plural)


brandbil

brandbil (indefinite nominative singular)

brand (“uncontrolled fire”) + bil (“car”)

af

Barnen fick åka brandbil


fagot

English: faggot, fagot

Scots: faggot

Yola: fagoghes (plural)

Borrowed from Old French fagot; further etymology is disputed.


lantern

→ Bengali: লন্ঠন (lonṭhon)

Hindi: लालटेन (lālṭen)

→ Irish: laindéar

→ Malay: lentera

Indonesian: lentera

→ Telugu: లాంతరు (lāntaru)

From Middle English lanterne (13th century), via Old French lanterne from Latin lanterna (“lantern”), itself a corruption of Ancient Greek λαμπτήρ (lamptḗr, “torch”) (see lamp, λάμπω (lámpō)) by influence of Latin lucerna (“lamp”). The spelling lanthorn was current during the 16th to 19th centuries and originates with a folk etymology associating the word with the use of horn as translucent cover. For the verb, compare French lanterner to hang at the lamppost. Displaced native Old English lēohtfæt (literally “light-container”).


fire alarm

A four fire-alarm fire ripped through a row of 2.5 story frame dwellings during the early morning hours

(firefighting) An emergency response to a fire by the fire department with manpower and equipment.


fire hydrant

(firefighting) A device used by firefighters to obtain water from the main supply, consisting of a barrel, connections for hose and a valve assembly.

صُنْبُور حَرِيق

a device used by firefighters to obtain water from the main


Min Min light

Named after the small settlement of Min Min, located between the outback towns of Boulia and Winton, where the light was observed by a stockman in 1918.

Min-min lights are usually seen during the winter, for example, when cold-air inversions abound. This, and his artificial min-min, seemed to confirm the theory.

2003, New Scientist, volume 180, numbers 2415-2428, page 71:

Then, once a man was talking about his outdoor work, he got around to speaking about the mysteries of the min-min light and who saw it where.

2006, Alexis Wright, Carpentaria, Giramondo, published 2012, page 340:

Neuroscientist, Professor Jack Pettigrew, of the University of Queensland claims the Min Min lights are an inverted mirage of light sources hundreds of miles away, caused by a temperature inversion when cold dense air is trapped near the ground to be refracted so that it travels a curved path around the globe.

2006, Marion Houldsworth, From Gulf to God Knows Where, footnote, page 127:

“You′ve heard of Min Min lights?” She grinned. “Sure.”
The strange appearance of those lights in the outback was legendary.[…]
“Min Min lights were part of Aboriginal folklore long before modern day sightings made them famous,” Jack said.

2010, Robyn Grady, Bargaining For Baby, unnumbered page:

Travellers camping out on the plains may witness a glowing light that seems to hover eerily across the vast landscape – the unexplained Min Min Lights that have been shrouded in mystery for over 100 years.

2010, Craig Lewis, Cathy Savage, The Complete 4WD Guide, unnumbered page:

(Australia) An unexplained light reportedly appearing in the sky in remote parts of Australia, especially northwest Queensland, possibly caused by reflections of distant light in the dry air conditions.


salmone

salmon (having a pale pinkish-orange colour/color)


oatmeal

en-noun

oatmeal (usually uncountable, plural oatmeals)

From Middle English otemele, from ote (“oat”) + mele (“meal, coarse-ground grains”). Equivalent to oat + meal.

A breakfast cereal made from rolled oats, cooked in milk and/or water.

вівся́не бо́рошно n (vivsjáne bórošno, literally “oat flour”)

oatmeal:

A light greyish brown colour, like that of oatmeal.


oatmeal

Boldly patterned textiles in oatmeal tones with a woven design in a strongly contrasting colour can be used alike for upholstery and as a wall hanging […]

Of a light greyish brown colour, like that of oatmeal


new moon

From Middle English newe moone, newe mone, equivalent to new + moon.

donkermaan

phase of moon when in conjunction with sun

Coordinate term: full moon

The phase of the moon when it is in conjunction with the sun and is therefore obscured.

Coordinate term: full moon

The moon when it is in conjunction with the sun.

Coordinate term: old moon

The phase of the moon when it is waxing.

Coordinate term: old moon


sur

ro-adj

sur m or n (feminine singular sură, masculine plural suri, feminine and neuter plural sure)

sură (feminine singular)
suri (masculine plural)
sure (feminine neuter plural)
sur (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
sură (feminine indefinite singular)
suri (indefinite masculine plural)
sure (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
surul (definite masculine neuter singular)
sura (definite feminine singular)
surii (definite masculine plural)
surele (definite feminine neuter plural)
sure (feminine indefinite singular)
surului (definite masculine neuter singular)
surei (definite feminine singular)
surelor (definite masculine plural)
surilor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Most likely from a Slavic language. Compare Bulgarian сур (sur), Serbo-Croatian sur. A less likely etymology connects it to Latin syrus, or links it with Italian soro.


blaze orange

blaze orange:


ozone layer

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ozone layer.wav

A region of the stratosphere, between 15 and 30 kilometres in altitude, containing a relatively high concentration of ozone, which absorbs most solar ultraviolet radiation.


full moon

From Middle English ful mone, from Old English full mōna, equivalent to full + moon.

The phase of the moon when it is in opposition to the sun and its full disc is therefore visible.

The moon when it is in opposition to the sun.


pastel

en-noun

pastel (countable and uncountable, plural pastels)

Borrowed from French pastel, from Italian pastello (“pastel”), from Medieval Latin pastellum (“dough, paste”), from Latin pasta (“dough, paste”), ultimately from Ancient Greek πάστη (pástē, “dough, paste”). Doublet of pastegh, pastiglia, pastila, pastilla, and pastille.

doublet

Wool was dyed in the pastel vat.


pastel

pl-noun

pastel m inan (related adjective pastelowy)

pastelowy (adjective)
pastel (nominative singular)
pastele (nominative plural)
pastelu (genitive singular)
pasteli (genitive plural)
pastelów (genitive plural)
pastelowi (dative singular)
pastelom (dative plural)
pastel (accusative singular)
pastele (accusative plural)
pastelem (instrumental singular)
pastelami (instrumental plural)
pastelu (locative singular)
pastelach (locative plural)
pastelu (singular vocative)
pastele (plural vocative)

pastel (any of several subdued tints of colors, usually associated with pink, peach, yellow, green, blue, and lavender)


mor

From Ottoman Turkish مور (mor). See it for more.


notturno

/nɒˈtʊə(ɹ)nəʊ/

Borrowed from Italian notturno (“nocturnal, nightly”), from Latin nocturnus, from noctū (“by night”), from nox (“night”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts. Doublet of nocturne.


valge

head

valge (genitive valge, partitive valget, comparative valgem, superlative kõige valgem or valgeim)

valge (genitive)
valget (partitive)
valgem (comparative)
kõige valgem (superlative)
valgeim (superlative)
valge (nominative singular)
valged (nominative plural)
valge (accusative nominative singular)
valged (accusative nominative plural)
valge (accusative genitive singular)
valged (accusative genitive plural)
valge (genitive singular)
valgete (genitive plural)
valget (partitive singular)
valgeid (partitive plural)
valgesse (illative singular)
valgetesse (illative plural)
valgeisse (illative plural)
valges (inessive singular)
valgetes (inessive plural)
valgeis (inessive plural)
valgest (elative singular)
valgetest (elative plural)
valgeist (elative plural)
valgele (allative singular)
valgetele (allative plural)
valgeile (allative plural)
valgel (adessive singular)
valgetel (adessive plural)
valgeil (adessive plural)
valgelt (ablative singular)
valgetelt (ablative plural)
valgeilt (ablative plural)
valgeks (singular translative)
valgeteks (plural translative)
valgeiks (plural translative)
valgeni (singular terminative)
valgeteni (plural terminative)
valgena (essive singular)
valgetena (essive plural)
valgeta (abessive singular)
valgeteta (abessive plural)
valgega (comitative singular)
valgetega (comitative plural)

pime

antonym(s) of “light, bright, illuminated”

From Proto-Finnic *valkëda, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *wëlketa, from *walke or *wïlki (“light”). Cognate with Finnish valkea, Livonian vālda, Votic valkõa, Ingrian valkia, Karelian valgie, Livvi valgei, Ludian valged, Veps vauged, Northern Sami vielgat (from Proto-Samic *vielkëtē) and Eastern Mari волгыдо (volgydo, “light, brightness”); possibly also Erzya валдо (valdo, “light”), Moksha валда (valda, “light”) and Hungarian villám (“lightning”), világ (“light”).

cog

valge suveöö

Väljas on veel valge.

valged lõuna-aafriklased

Having light skin, belonging to the Caucasian race.

Related to the counterrevolutionary White movement during the Russian Civil War.


valge

head

valge (genitive valge, partitive valget)

valge (genitive)
valget (partitive)
valge (nominative singular)
valged (nominative plural)
valge (accusative nominative singular)
valged (accusative nominative plural)
valge (accusative genitive singular)
valged (accusative genitive plural)
valge (genitive singular)
valgete (genitive plural)
valget (partitive singular)
valgeid (partitive plural)
valgesse (illative singular)
valgetesse (illative plural)
valgeisse (illative plural)
valges (inessive singular)
valgetes (inessive plural)
valgeis (inessive plural)
valgest (elative singular)
valgetest (elative plural)
valgeist (elative plural)
valgele (allative singular)
valgetele (allative plural)
valgeile (allative plural)
valgel (adessive singular)
valgetel (adessive plural)
valgeil (adessive plural)
valgelt (ablative singular)
valgetelt (ablative plural)
valgeilt (ablative plural)
valgeks (singular translative)
valgeteks (plural translative)
valgeiks (plural translative)
valgeni (singular terminative)
valgeteni (plural terminative)
valgena (essive singular)
valgetena (essive plural)
valgeta (abessive singular)
valgeteta (abessive plural)
valgega (comitative singular)
valgetega (comitative plural)

Perenaine tõusis enne valget ja tegi hommikusöögi valmis.

The housewife got up at the break of dawn and prepared breakfast.

Lõuna-Aafrika valged

A person having light skin, belonging to the Caucasian race.

valgekaartlane

a person belonging to the White movement

A person belonging to the counterrevolutionary White movement during the Russian Civil War.


Prometheus

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Prometheus.wav

From Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús), from πρό (pró, “before”) + μανθάνω (manthánō, “to think”).


minuit

Inherited from Middle French mynuyt, from Old French mie nuit, from mie, feminine singular of mi (“half, half way”) + nuit (“night”). Equivalent to mi- + nuit. Compare Occitan mièjanuèch, mièjanuèit, Catalan mitjanit, Portuguese meia-noite, Spanish medianoche, Italian mezzanotte, Romanian miazănoapte.

La nouvelle journée commence à minuit.

Il est déjà minuit?

Pendant les week-ends, je me couche à minuit.

On the weekends, I go to bed by midnight.


gaslight

en-noun

gaslight (countable and uncountable, plural gaslights)

From gas (“flammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture used as a fuel”) + light.

compound

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-gaslight.wav

He was renovated and refreshed, his soul was strengthened, and his countenance waxed cheerful, and he began to feel like himself again, under the brown canopy of metropolitan smoke, and among the cabs and gaslights.

[1871], J[oseph] Sheridan Le Fanu, “Captain Lake Looks in at Nightfall”, in Wylder’s Hand: […] (Select Library of Fiction; 178), new edition, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 118:

Open the windows once in awhile and give the air a chance to circulate in and out. In the evening, do not forget that the lamps and gaslights are using up a goodly supply of oxygen also—so freshen things up a little, once in awhile.

1904, Yogi Ramacharaka [pseudonym; William Walker Atkinson], “Fresh Air”, in Hatha Yoga: Or The Yogi Philosophy of Physical Well-being […], Chicago, Ill.: Yogi Publication Society […], →OCLC, page 222:

A lamp which operates by burning piped illuminating gas (or town gas).


éminence grise

en-noun

éminence grise (plural éminences grises or éminence grises)

éminences grises (plural)
éminence grises (plural)

/ˌɛmɪnɒns ˈɡɹiːz/

Borrowed from French éminence grise (literally “grey eminence”), originally applied to François Leclerc du Tremblay (1577–1638), also known as Père Joseph, a French Capuchin friar who was the confidant and agent of Cardinal Richelieu (1585–1642), the chief minister of France under Louis XIII (1601–1643). The term refers to du Tremblay’s influence over the Cardinal (who bore the honorific of Eminence), and the colour of his habit (grey, rather than the red of a cardinal).

bor

But Harry Hopkins was no mere manipulator of people and ideas, no eminence grise masterminding the actions of figureheads.

1987 July 12, John A[rthur] Garraty, “Harry’s Luck [book review of Harry Hopkins: Ally of the Poor and Defender of Democracy by George McJimsey]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-12-19, page 28:

[Ichirō] Ozawa is the Secretary-General of [Yukio] Hatoyama's Democratic Party of Japan (DJP) and the éminence grise of the electoral campaign that catapulted the new Prime Minister to power.

2009 September 16, Coco Masters, “Japan’s New Prime Minister—and New Shadow Shogun”, in Time, New York, N.Y.: Time Warner Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-10-21:

(idiomatic) A secret or unofficial decision-maker.

Cardinal Richelieu
François Leclerc du Tremblay
Louis XIII

灰衣主教

secret or unofficial decision-maker — see also power behind the throne

се́рый кардина́л m (séryj kardinál, literally “grey cardinal”)


ultraviolet

en-adj

ultraviolet (comparative more ultraviolet, superlative most ultraviolet)

more ultraviolet (comparative)
most ultraviolet (superlative)

/ˌʌltɹəˈvaɪələt/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
Latin uls
Proto-Indo-European *-teros?
Latin -ter
Latin -ā
Latin ultrālbor.
English ultra-
Latin viola
Old French -ette
Old French violettebor.
Middle English violet
English violet
English ultraviolet
From ultra- (“beyond”) + violet (“violet”).

etymon

Of electromagnetic radiation beyond (higher in frequency than) light visible to the human eye; radiation with wavelengths from 380 to 10 nanometres.


burning

en-adj

burning (comparative more burning, superlative most burning)

more burning (comparative)
most burning (superlative)

The driver remained at his post, while telling fireman Jim Nightall to get down on the track and run back to uncouple the burning wagon from the rest.

2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948:


grin

From Middle High German grüene, from Old High German gruoni.


knock down

en-verb

knock down (third-person singular simple present knocks down, present participle knocking down, simple past and past participle knocked down)

knocks down (present singular third-person)
knocking down (participle present)
knocked down (participle past)
knocked down (past)

(transitive, firefighting) To reduce the burning of (a fire), as by cooling it with water or dirt.


fester

ca-noun

fester m (plural festers, feminine festera)


cor-de-rosa

[ˌkoɾ.ðɨˈʁɔ.zɐ]

[ˌkoɾ.ðɨˈʁɔ.zɐ]


ember

From Middle English embryne (“running around, circuit”), from Old English ymbryne (“course; circuit”). Spelling changed through folk etymology. By surface analysis, umb- + run.

inh

ember fasts

ember days

ember weeks

(religion) Making a circuit of the year or the seasons; recurring in each quarter of the year, as certain religious days set apart for fasting and prayer.


wad

wād (canonical neuter)
wād (nominative singular)
wād (nominative plural)
wād (accusative singular)
wād (accusative plural)
wādes (genitive singular)
wāda (genitive plural)
wāde (dative singular)
wādum (dative plural)

Middle English: wad, wod, wadde, wode

Scots: wad, waid

English: woad

Middle English: welde, wolde

English: weld, wold

From Proto-West Germanic *waiʀd, from Proto-Germanic *waizdaz.


natt

From Old Swedish nāt, from Old Norse nátt, from Proto-Germanic *nahts (“night”), from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts (“night”).

Det är natt

Det är som natt och dag

Natt över Judaland, natt över Sion. Borta vid västerrand slocknar Orion.

1891, “Betlehems stjärna (Gläns över sjö och strand) [Star of Bethlehem (Shine over sea [most likely in this context, though unusual – see sjö (“lake; sea”)] and shore [Maybe to be understood as "land and sea"])]”, Viktor Rydberg (lyrics), Alice Tegnér (music):

Night over the land of Judah, night over Zion. Away by the western rim [horizon], fades [goes out, is extinguished, dies down] Orion.

En kulen natt, natt, natt, min båt jag styrde, på havets vågade, vågade, våg, så skummet yrde. Och vart [än] jag sågade, sågade, såg, på havets vågade, vågade, våg, långt ner i djupettipettipettipett [djupet], en fisk jag såg, och det var du!

(Can we date this quote?), traditional (lyrics and music), “En kulen natt [One chilly night]”:

One chilly night, night, night, my boat I steered, on the sea's wave-a-di [also literally "wave-ed" or "daring" (plural or definite)], wave-a-di, wave, so that the foam sprayed [whirled, spun through the air]. And wherever I look-a-di [also literally "sawed," as with a saw], look-a-di, looked, on the sea's wave-a-di, wave-a-di, wave [Cryptic – intuitively either "And where I looked ..." or "And wherever I looked ..." (where the latter usually has än, but works intuitively without it), with the sentence ending here, but that makes little sense. "And there I saw ..." would make more sense as well.], far down in the depths-deppy-deppy-deppy-dep, a fish I saw, and it was you!

För jag ska ooa hela natten, ooa hela dan [dagen]. Ooa hela natten, skrämma slag på halva stan [staden]. Ooa hela natten lång, tills du upptäcker mig. Ao ao-ao-ao.

1981, Åke Eriksson, Björn Uhr (lyrics and music), “Ooa hela natten [Ooh the whole night]”performed by Attack:

Because I'm going to ooh [no specific meaning in Swedish either] the whole night, ooh the whole day, ooh the whole night, scare the bejesus [or "hell/shit," but not vulgar – literally "scare stroke," as in make have a stroke] out of half the city. Ooh the whole night long, until you notice [discover] me. Ah-ooh ah-ooh-ah-ooh-ah-ooh.

Jag arbetar natt


lumo

Borrowed from Esperanto lumo, French lumière, Italian lume, Spanish lumbre, from Latin lūmen.


rufus

la-adj

rūfus (feminine rūfa, neuter rūfum); first/second-declension adjective

rūfus (canonical)
rūfa (feminine)
rūfum (neuter)
rūfus (masculine nominative singular)
rūfa (feminine nominative singular)
rūfum (neuter nominative singular)
rūfī (masculine nominative plural)
rūfae (feminine nominative plural)
rūfa (neuter nominative plural)
rūfī (genitive masculine singular)
rūfae (feminine genitive singular)
rūfī (genitive neuter singular)
rūfōrum (genitive masculine plural)
rūfārum (feminine genitive plural)
rūfōrum (genitive neuter plural)
rūfō (dative masculine singular)
rūfae (dative feminine singular)
rūfō (dative neuter singular)
rūfīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
rūfum (accusative masculine singular)
rūfam (accusative feminine singular)
rūfum (accusative neuter singular)
rūfōs (accusative masculine plural)
rūfās (accusative feminine plural)
rūfa (accusative neuter plural)
rūfō (ablative masculine singular)
rūfā (ablative feminine singular)
rūfō (ablative neuter singular)
rūfīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
rūfe (masculine singular vocative)
rūfa (feminine singular vocative)
rūfum (neuter singular vocative)
rūfī (masculine plural vocative)
rūfae (feminine plural vocative)
rūfa (neuter plural vocative)

>? Catalan: rúfol

→ English: rufous

Italian: rufo

Spanish: rufo

From Proto-Italic *rouðos. The medial -f- indicates a borrowing from a Sabellic language such as Oscan 𐌓𐌖𐌚𐌓𐌉𐌉𐌔 (rufriis), Umbrian 𐌓𐌖𐌚𐌓𐌖 (rufru), or from a sister variety such as Faliscan, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). It might have penetrated urban Latin by virtue of the fact that it was used as an attribute for oxen sold in the markets in Rome. The word rōbus, which ended up being limited to oxen instead, represents the regular outcome of the same etymon.


verda

eo-head

verda (accusative singular verdan, plural verdaj, accusative plural verdajn)

verdan (accusative singular)
verdaj (plural)
verdajn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Italian verde, from Latin viridis (“green”). Compare Portuguese and Spanish verde, French vert, Catalan and Occitan verd, as well as Welsh gwyrdd.


brownish

en-adj

brownish (comparative more brownish, superlative most brownish)

more brownish (comparative)
most brownish (superlative)

The Giraffe and the Zebra and the Eland and the Koodoo and the Hartebeest lived there; and they were 'sclusively sandy-yellow-brownish all over […]

1902, Rudyard Kipling, “How the Leopard Got His Spots”, in Just So Stories:

Two pumps stood side by side in our kitchen. One was for well water and one was a cistern pump—water from the former was hard and clear, from the cistern it was brownish and soft.

1942, Emily Carr, “Waterworks”, in The Book of Small, Toronto, Ont.: Oxford University Press, →OCLC:

Watt wore, on his feet, a boot, brown in colour, and a shoe, happily of a brownish colour also.

1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Grove Press, published 1959, →OCLC:

Of a colour which resembles brown; somewhat brown.

brunenc

of a colour which resembles brown; somewhat brown


spotlight

Some people enjoy the spotlight.

(figurative) The center of attention; the highlight or most important part.

أَضْوَاء

the center of attention; the highlight or most important part


watery

watery (comparative waterier, superlative wateriest)

waterier (comparative)
wateriest (superlative)

From Middle English watery, wattry, from Old English wæteriġ (“watery”), from Proto-West Germanic *watarīg. Equivalent to water + -y.

(of light) Thin and pale therefore suggestive of water.


oráiste

head

oráiste m (genitive singular oráiste, nominative plural oráistí)

oráiste (genitive singular)
oráistí (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
oráiste (indefinite singular)
oráistí (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a oráiste (indefinite singular)
a oráistí (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an t-oráiste (definite singular)
na horáistí (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an oráiste (definite singular)
na n-oráistí (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an oráiste (definite singular)
don oráiste (definite singular)
leis na horáistí (definite plural)

[əˈɾˠɑːʃtʲə]

[ˈɔɾˠɑːʃtʲə]

From earlier oráitse, borrowed from a Romance language.


jene

Alternative spelling of jené. Romanization of ꦗꦼꦤꦺ


jene

Alternative spelling of jéné. Romanization of ꦗꦺꦤꦺ


ultraviolet light

en-noun

ultraviolet light (countable and uncountable, plural ultraviolet lights)

(countable) A light bulb that emits ultraviolet light; a black light.


black light

black light (countable and uncountable, plural black lights)

From black + light, since ultraviolet light is invisible to the human eye.

(countable) A light bulb that emits ultraviolet light, usually used to create the illusion that anything white is glowing.

(uncountable, slang) Ultraviolet radiation or light.


verdant

en-adj

verdant (comparative more verdant, superlative most verdant)

more verdant (comparative)
most verdant (superlative)

From Middle French verdoyant, from Old French verb verdier, verdoier, from vert (“green”), from Vulgar Latin *virdis, from Latin viridis.


oro

From Latin aurum, from earlier ausum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₂usom (“glow”), derived from the root *h₂ews-.

(heraldry) or (the gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms)


uaine

nominative (positive)
uaine (masculine singular)

From Old Irish úaine, úanne (“green, verdant”), from possible Proto-Celtic *udnios, from Proto-Indo-European *wed- (“wet”).

green (of painted or dyed items; of bright or light-coloured items)


liath

head

liath (genitive singular masculine léith, genitive singular feminine léithe, plural liatha, comparative léithe)

léith (genitive masculine singular)
léithe (feminine genitive singular)
liatha (plural)
léithe (comparative)
nominative (positive)
liath (masculine singular)

From Old Irish líath, from Proto-Celtic *ɸleitos (compare Welsh llwyd, Cornish loys, Breton loued), from Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“grey”) (compare English fallow).

Is minic duine liath lúfar. (proverb)


liath

From Old Irish líath, from Proto-Celtic *ɸleitos, from Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“grey”).

(hair color) grey-haired, grizzled, gray-headed


weiß

de-adj

weiß (strong nominative masculine singular weißer, comparative weißer, superlative am weißesten)

weißer (masculine nominative singular strong)
weißer (comparative)
am weißesten (superlative)
weiß (masculine predicative singular)
weiß (feminine predicative singular)
weiß (neuter predicative singular)
weiß (plural predicative)
weißer (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
weiße (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
weißes (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
weiße (nominative plural strong without-article)
weißen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
weißer (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
weißen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
weißer (genitive plural strong without-article)
weißem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
weißer (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
weißem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
weißen (dative plural strong without-article)
weißen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
weiße (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
weißes (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
weiße (accusative plural strong without-article)
der weiße (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die weiße (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das weiße (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die weißen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des weißen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der weißen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des weißen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der weißen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem weißen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der weißen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem weißen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den weißen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den weißen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die weiße (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das weiße (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die weißen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein weißer (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine weiße (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein weißes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
weißen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine weißen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines weißen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer weißen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines weißen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
weißen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner weißen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem weißen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer weißen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem weißen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
weißen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen weißen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen weißen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine weiße (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein weißes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
weißen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine weißen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
weißer (comparative masculine predicative singular)
weißer (comparative feminine predicative singular)
weißer (comparative neuter predicative singular)
weißer (comparative plural predicative)
weißerer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
weißere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
weißeres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
weißere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
weißeren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
weißerer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
weißeren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
weißerer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
weißerem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
weißerer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
weißerem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
weißeren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
weißeren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
weißere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
weißeres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
weißere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der weißere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die weißere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das weißere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die weißeren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des weißeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der weißeren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des weißeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der weißeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem weißeren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der weißeren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem weißeren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den weißeren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den weißeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die weißere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das weißere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die weißeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein weißerer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine weißere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein weißeres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
weißeren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine weißeren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines weißeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer weißeren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines weißeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
weißeren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner weißeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem weißeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer weißeren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem weißeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
weißeren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen weißeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen weißeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine weißere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein weißeres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
weißeren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine weißeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am weißesten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am weißesten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am weißesten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am weißesten (plural predicative superlative)
weißester (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
weißeste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
weißestes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
weißeste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
weißesten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
weißester (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
weißesten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
weißester (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
weißestem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
weißester (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
weißestem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
weißesten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
weißesten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
weißeste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
weißestes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
weißeste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der weißeste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die weißeste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das weißeste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die weißesten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des weißesten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der weißesten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des weißesten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der weißesten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem weißesten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der weißesten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem weißesten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den weißesten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den weißesten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die weißeste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das weißeste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die weißesten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein weißester (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine weißeste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein weißestes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
weißesten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine weißesten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines weißesten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer weißesten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines weißesten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
weißesten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner weißesten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem weißesten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer weißesten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem weißesten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
weißesten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen weißesten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen weißesten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine weißeste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein weißestes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
weißesten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine weißesten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

From Middle High German wīz, from Old High German wīz, from Proto-West Germanic *hwīt, from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweytos (“bright; shine”).


infrared

en-noun

infrared (countable and uncountable, plural infrareds)

/ˌɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/

/ˌɪnfɹəˈɹed/

Collisions of these 'transparent' molecules with the molecules that do have absorption bands in the infrared can have a considerable influence on the intensities of the observed absorption bands.

1962, John Nelson Howard, Transmission of the Atmosphere in the Infrared: A Review, page 3:

(uncountable) The electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than microwave radiation, having a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm.

infrarooi

radiation of a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm

інфрачырво́нае выпраме́ньванне n (infračyrvónaje vypramjénʹvannje, literally “infrared radiation”)

инфракра́сное излуче́ние n (infrakrásnoje izlučénije, literally “infrared radiation”)

інфрачерво́не випромі́нювання n (infračervóne vypromínjuvannja, literally “infrared radiation”)

In his room, he could install his infrareds without being discovered.

Beams are the active counterparts of passive infrareds (PIRs). Since these are active infrareds, they require two parts: a transmitter and a receiver.

2007, Ed Morawski, Solving the Security Puzzle, page 79:

Additionally, infrareds tend to cook food faster so there's less time to render said fat.

2020, Jenny Dorsey, The Infrared Grill Master: Recipes and Techniques for Perfectly Seared, Deliciously Smokey BBQ Every Time:

(countable) A device that emits infrared radiation.


infrared

/ˌɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/

/ˌɪnfɹəˈɹed/

Having a wavelength in the infrared spectrum.

Unless otherwise stated, we will be working in Euclidean space compactified to a sphere in order to avoid infrared problems.

1986, Luis Álvarez-Gaumé, “An Introduction to Anomalies”, in G. Velo, A. S. Wightman, editors, Fundamental Problems of Gauge Field Theory, →ISBN, page 97:

Secondly, as stated already by Osborne & Provenzale, pure k^(-α)-behaviour is impossible since there would have to be infinite power at zero frequency (this would correspond to an infrared catastrophe).

2000, Andreas Galka, Topics in Nonlinear Time Series Analysis: With Implications for EEG Analysis, →ISBN, page 176:

Although infrared divergences are of long-distance nature, they often play an essential role in the verification of the validity of the perturbative treatment of short-distance phenomena.

2010, Taizo Muta, Foundations of Quantum Chromodynamics: An Introduction to Perturbative Methods in Gauge Theories, 3rd edition, →ISBN, page 331:

(figurative, physics) Relating to very low energies or very large distances or time spans.


dubh

From Old Irish dub (“black”), from Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”).
Cognates within Celtic include Breton du (“black”), Welsh du (“black”), Cornish duv or du (“black”), Gaulish river name Dubis, now Doubs. Cognates outside Celtic include Ancient Greek τυφλός (tuphlós, “blind”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍃 (daubs, “deaf”), German taub (“deaf”), English deaf, English dumb.

Tha Dòmhnall Dubh an Dòmhnallaich a-nochd a' tòir air Mòraig.

Black-haired Donald MacDonald is chasing after Morag tonight.


wildfire

wildfire (countable and uncountable, plural wildfires)

From Old English wilde fȳr. Equivalent to wild + fire.

A rapidly spreading fire, especially one occurring in a wildland area.

(historical) Greek fire, Byzantine fire.

So, it appears a revolution has happened and a very unexpected one. Of course it was only a matter of time before it happened. With WiFi connectivity spreading faster than wildfire and a laptop or tablet in one’s bag, what’s the point of a mobile nowadays?

2015 January 18, Monty Munford, “What’s the point of carrying a mobile phone nowadays?”, in The Daily Telegraph:

“It was my own personal watch and I wanted to change the face,” she said in an interview during a recent business trip to New York. “I started wearing it, and it was wildfire — everybody wanted one.”

2022 December 9, Rachel Felder, “These Timex Dials Were Designed With a Jeweler’s Eye”, in The New York Times:

(figuratively) Something that acts or spreads quickly and uncontrollably.

kulovalkea

something that acts quickly and uncontrollably


phthalo green

From phthalo and green, from phthalocyanine.

phthalo green:

A synthetic pigment (full name phthalocyanine) of a bright, high intensity, used in oil- and acrylic-based artists' paints, and in other applications.