accolade

nl-noun

accolade f (plural accolades, diminutive accoladetje n)

accolades (plural)
accoladetje (diminutive neuter)


accolade

Inherited from Middle French acolade, from Old French acolee (remade with the suffix -ade), from the verb acoler.

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive


full stop

(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) The punctuation mark "." (indicating the end of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).


comma

en-noun

comma (plural commas or (rare) commata or (obsolete) commaes)

commas (plural)
commata (plural rare)
commaes (obsolete plural)

From Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma), from κόπτω (kóptō, “I cut”).

No points were used by the ancient printers, excepting the colon and the period; but, after some time, a short oblique stroke, called a virgil, was introduced, which answered to the modern comma. In the fifteenth century this punctuation was improved by the famous Aldus Manutius with the typographical art in general; when he gave a better shape to the comma, added the semicolon, and assigned to the former points more proper places.

1828, Richard Thomson, Illustrations of the History of Great Britain, Vol. II, pp. 145–6

(typography) The punctuation mark ⟨,⟩ used to indicate a set of parts of a sentence or between elements of a list.

Komma

also denotes the German or Fraktur comma with a shape similar to /

Commas (Polygonia comma) and Question Marks (Polygonia interrogationis) occur from the Gulf Coast to Canada and west to the Rockies. [...] Question Marks and Commas are handsome butterflies with burnt orange and black markings. [...] On the underside of each hind wing of the Comma is a small, distinctive silver hook that resembles a comma.

2004, Scott Shalaway, “Close-ups”, in Butterflies in the Backyard, Mechanicsburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, page 18

Other members of this genus that are frequently encountered in the park are the eastern comma (P. comma) and question mark (P. interrogationis).

2013, Ann Simpson, Rob Simpson, “Butterflies and Moths”, in Nature Guide to Shenandoah National Park (Falcon Pocket Guide), Guilford, Conn., Helena, Mont.: Falcon Guides, Globe Pequot Press, page 91

(entomology) Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Polygonia, having a comma-shaped white mark on the underwings, especially Polygonia c-album and Polygonia c-aureum of North Africa, Europe, and Asia.

(rhetoric) In Ancient Greek rhetoric, a short clause, something less than a colon, originally denoted by comma marks. In antiquity it was defined as a combination of words having no more than eight syllables in all. It was later applied to longer phrases, e.g. the Johannine comma.


comma

en-verb

comma (third-person singular simple present commas, present participle commaing, simple past and past participle commaed)

commas (present singular third-person)
commaing (participle present)
commaed (participle past)
commaed (past)

(rare, transitive) To place a comma or commas within text; to follow, precede, or surround a portion of text with commas.


point

point (third-person singular simple present points, present participle pointing, simple past and past participle pointed)

points (present singular third-person)
pointing (participle present)
pointed (participle past)
pointed (past)

From Middle English pointen, poynten, from Old French pointier, pointer, poynter, from point from Latin pūnctum.

to point a composition

(dated) To supply with punctuation marks; to punctuate.


point

From Old French point, from Latin punctum.

(Jersey) full stop, period (punctuation mark)


colon

From Latin cōlon (“a member of a verse of poem”), from Ancient Greek κῶλον (kôlon, “a member, limb, clause, part of a verse”).

uder

A colon tells the reader that what follows is closely related to the preceding clause.

2005, William Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, Penguin Press, page 15


come

From Middle English comen, cumen, from Old English cuman, from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt (“to step”), from *gʷem- (“to step”).
cognates
Cognate from Proto-Germanic with Scots cum (“to come”), Saterland Frisian kuume (“to come”), West Frisian komme (“to come”), Low German kamen (“to come”), Dutch komen (“to come”), German kommen (“to come”), Norwegian Bokmål and Danish komme (“to come”), Swedish komma (“to come”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic koma (“to come”).
Cognate from PIE via Latin veniō (“come, arrive”) with many Romance language terms (e.g., French venir, Portuguese vir, Spanish venir), Lithuanian gimti (“to be born, come into the world, arrive”), with terms in Iranian languages (e.g. Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (jamaⁱti, “to go”)), via Sanskrit गच्छति (gácchati, “to go”) with many Indic language terms (e.g., Hindi गति (gati)).
Cognate to English basis, from PIE via Ancient Greek.

Leave it to settle for about three months and, come Christmas time, you'll have a delicious concoction to offer your guests.

Come retirement, their Social Security may turn out to be a lot less than they counted on.

Come summer, we would all head off to the coast.

"And a long sea voyage that starts at six o'clock come morning."

1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 14

Come the final whistle, Mikel Arteta lay flabbergasted on the turf.

2012 November 10, Amy Lawrence, “Fulham's Mark Schwarzer saves late penalty in dramatic draw at Arsenal”, in The Guardian

She announced in April that come 10 February 2023, her songs would be featured in a romantic comedy titled It's All Coming Back To Me […]

2022 October 5, Beatriz Colon, “Celine Dion ushers in holiday season with exciting music news”, in Hello! Magazine

Used to indicate a point in time at or after which a stated event or situation occurs.


apostrophe

From French apostrophe, or Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”), a noun use of an adjective from ἀποστρέφω (apostréphō, “I turn away”), from ἀπό (apó, “away from”) + στρέφω (stréphō, “to turn”).

der

Since its inception the apostrophe has been a controversial piece of punctuation.

2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 30

(orthography) The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.


quotation mark

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-quotation mark.wav

Either of a pair of quotation marks used to denote a quotation in writing. In North America, South Africa and Australia, they may look “like this” (called inverted commas) or "like this" (straight quotes). In the United Kingdom and Ireland, they usually look ‘like this’ or 'like this'.


v

(text messaging, Internet slang, dated) <3


w

kono baka ｗｗｗｗｗｗｗ (´ ∀ ` *)

このバカｗｗｗｗｗｗｗ(´∀`*)

ちょ ｗｗｗ お前のツイート伸びすぎ ｗｗｗ 有名人じゃん ｗｗｗｗｗ
cho ｗｗｗ omae no tsuīto nobisugi ｗｗｗ yūmeijin jan ｗｗｗｗｗ
yo hol up, your tweet's crazy popular 🔥😂 you're goddamn famous 😂

(Internet slang, often repeated) LOL; an expression of amusement or laughter.


stroke

en-verb

stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)

strokes (present singular third-person)
stroking (participle present)
stroked (participle past)
stroked (past)

The noun is derived from Middle English strok, stroke (“blow from a weapon, cut”), from Old English strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”).
Sense 3.6.2.2 (“the oblique, slash, or virgule (‘/’)”) is a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique which was originally used in telegraphy.
The verb is derived from the noun.
cognates
* German Streich (“stroke”)
* Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)
* Scots strak, strake, straik (“blow, stroke”)

cog

Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out.


stop

From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn, from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian stopje (“to stop, block”), West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish stoppa (“to stop”), Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump.
Alternative etymology derives Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn from an assumed Vulgar Latin *stūpāre, *stuppāre (“to stop up with tow”), from stūpa, stīpa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē, “tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.

cog

(UK, grammar, informal) Short for full stop.


stop

stop (used to indicate the end of a sentence in a telegram)


semicolon

en-noun

semicolon (plural semicolons or semicola)

The use of the semicolon has remained contentious and subject to fashion.

2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 28


hyphen

From Late Latin, from Ancient Greek ὑφέν (huphén, “together”), contracted from ὑφ’ ἕν (huph’ hén, “under one”), from ὑπό (hupó, “under”) + ἕν (hén, “one”), neuter of εἷς (heîs, “one”).

You are sitting at the wrong table, if I may be so bold, among the misguided who believe in the mass murder of mentalities, otherwise known as the liberal arts hyphen vocational training hyphen education.

Ax was now a Hollywood hyphenated man. An actor hyphen director hyphen writer.

He described himself as a poet-composer and actually said the word hyphen when he did so: "I'm a poet hyphen composer.

He is an actor (hyphen) writer (hyphen) director. In the fifth year of the series Alan Alda added another title to his growing list — that of creative consultant.

1983, David S. Reiss, M*A*S*H: the exclusive, inside story of TV's most popular show

One reason he has avoided reading legal thrillers is that “they seem really to have been written by lawyer-hyphen-authors.”

2007, Stephen M. Murphy, What If Holden Caulfield Went to Law School?, page 65

Used to emphasize the coordinating function usually indicated by the punctuation "-".


asterisk

/ˈæstəˌɹɪsk/

The New York Times
The New York Times Company

The noun is derived from Middle English asterisk [and other forms], from Late Latin asteriscus (“asterisk; small star”), from Ancient Greek ἀστερῐ́σκος (asterískos, “asterisk; small star”), from ᾰ̓στήρ (astḗr, “celestial body (star, planet, and other lights in the sky such as meteors)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs- (“to burn; to glow”)) + -ῐ́σκος (-ískos, diminutive suffix).
Sense 1.1.2 (“something which is of little importance or which is marginal”) refers to the use of an asterisk to denote a footnote or marginal note in a text; in other words, information that is not important enough to be incorporated into the main text. Sense 1.1.3 (“blemish in an otherwise outstanding achievement”) refers to the use of an asterisk in a sporting record to indicate that the record is qualified in some manner (for example, that the sportsperson was found to have taken performance-enhancing drugs at the time).
The verb is derived from the noun.

tähti

small star; something resembling or shaped like a star

They came into the tournament highly ranked, but with a little bit of an asterisk as their last two wins had been unconvincing.

(dated) A small star; also (by extension), something resembling or shaped like a star.

The star-shaped symbol *, which is used in printing and writing for various purposes, including to refer a reader to a note at the bottom of a page or in a margin, and to indicate the omission of letters or words; a star.

(US, sports, figuratively) A blemish in an otherwise outstanding achievement.


May derive from a Latin Io, with the I written over the o, placed at the end of an exclamation to mark it as such. The Io may either be an abbreviation for interiectiō (“interjection”), or else the interjection iō (“hey!”). It expresses admiration in the sentence clause(s), in the Latin sense, of awe or wonderment.

punctuation mark denoting excitement, surprise, or shock

How is that possible?!

Denoting excitement, surprise, shock or sudden realizations.

Following a question mark at the end of an interrogative sentence.


Lieber Hans!

(chiefly obsolete) used at the end of a salutation line of a letter


slash

Originally a verb of uncertain etymology. Possibly from French esclachier (“to break”). Used in the Wycliffe Bible as slascht (see 1 Kings 5:18) but otherwise unattested until 16th century. Conjunctive use from various applications of the punctuation mark ⟨/⟩. See also slash fiction.

Initial inquiries among professional typists uncover names like slant, slant line, slash, and slash mark. Examination of typing instruction manuals discloses additional names such as diagonal and diagonal mark, and other sources provide the designation oblique.

1965, Dmitri A. Borgmann, Language on Vacation, page 240

(originally US, typography) The slash mark: the punctuation mark ⟨/⟩.

(often proscribed) Any similar typographical mark, such as the backslash ⟨\⟩.


bang

From Middle English *bangen, from Old English *bangian or borrowed from Old Norse banga (“to pound, hammer”); both from Proto-Germanic *bangōną (“to beat, pound”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to beat, hit, injure”). Cognate with Scots bang, bung (“to strike, bang, hurl, thrash, offend”), Icelandic banga (“to pound, hammer”), Old Swedish bånga ("to hammer"; whence modern Swedish banka (“to knock, pound, bang”)), Danish banke (“to beat”), bengel (“club”), Low German bangen, bangeln (“to strike, beat”), West Frisian bingel, bongel, Dutch bengel (“bell; rascal”), German Bengel (“club”), bungen (“to throb, pulsate”).
In the sense of a fringe of hair, from bang off.
In the sense of abrupt left turn, from Boston left and associated risk of a crash.

gl

"to hammer"; whence modern Swedish <i class="Latn mention" lang="sv">banka</i> (“to knock, pound, bang”)

Audio (US)

An e-mail address with an ! is called a bang path.

Incidentally, a useful abbreviation for "Exclamation point" is "Bang."

1980, C.W. Wilkinson, Peter H. Clarke, Dorothy C.M. Wilkinson, Communicating through Letters and Reports, 7th edition, page 651

(chiefly US) The symbol !, known as an exclamation point.


exclamation mark

en-noun

exclamation mark (plural exclamation marks)

Subject: Fire... Dear Sir-stroke-Madam: Fire. Exclamation mark. Fire. Exclamation mark. Help me. Exclamation mark. 123 Carendon Road. Looking forward to hearing from you. All the best, Maurice Moss.

2006 Feb. 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 2

Traditionally, the exclamation mark has been used sparingly, especially in formal writing.

2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 40

The excessive use of exclamation marks devalues their effect, but is typical of concise genres such as cartoons, not reference works!

The punctuation mark “!” (generally used to denote excitement, surprise or shock).


virgule

Borrowed from Middle French virgule, from Latin virgula (“twig; scratch comma”), from virga (“rod, branch”) + -ulus (“forming diminutives”). Doublet of virgula.

Other Chaucerian manuscripts had the virgule (or virgil or oblique: /) at the middle of lines.

1990, John McDermott, Punctuation for Now, page 20

(typography, obsolete or historical) A medieval punctuation mark similar to the slash ⟨/⟩ or pipe ⟨|⟩ and used as a scratch comma and caesura mark.

(typography, dated) A slash, ⟨/⟩ or ⟨／⟩.

A slash, ⟨/⟩ or ⟨／⟩.
Used to mark line breaks within quotes.

(typography, dated) A pipe, ⟨|⟩.
(poetry) Used to mark metrical feet.

A pipe, ⟨|⟩.
Used to mark metrical feet.


virgule

→ Romanian: virgulă

→ Turkish: virgül

→ Persian: ویرگول (virgul)

→ Azerbaijani: vergül

Borrowed from Latin virgula, diminutive of virga (“rod, branch”).


underline

en-verb

underline (third-person singular simple present underlines, present participle underlining, simple past and past participle underlined)

underlines (present singular third-person)
underlining (participle present)
underlined (participle past)
underlined (past)

General American, alternative pronunciation of the verb

Received Pronunciation, alternative pronunciation of the verb

underline the important words in the text

To draw a line underneath something, especially to add emphasis.


question mark

Do you see this curious-looking mark in the margin? It is a little crooked mark with a dot at the bottom of it. It is a question mark. It always comes at the end of questions.

1856, Jacob Abbott, “Lesson V. Questions.”, in Learning to Read. […] (Harper’s Picture Books for the Nursery; The Little Learner), New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, part III (Hard Reading Lessons), page 132

When you come to a question mark, you must stop and rest. If the question may be answered by yes or no, your voice must rise on the last word before the question mark.

1857, Richard Greene Parker [i.e., Richard Green Parker], J[ames] Madison Watson, “Lesson II. The Interrogation Point.”, in The National Second Reader: […], revised edition, New York, N.Y.: A[lfred] S[mith] Barnes & Co., […], →OCLC, part I (Marks and Pauses), paragraph 4, page 14

As the relation of the faulted lamprophyre dike to faults 1 to 3 is not known, the intersection of the dike with these faults is shown on plate 13 with question marks.

1954, George C. Hardin, Jr., “[Moore Hill Fault System, Crittenden and Livingston Counties.] Geology.”, in William R. Thurston, George C. Hardin, Jr., Harry J. Klepser, Fluorspar Deposits in Western Kentucky: Part 3 (Geographical Survey Bulletin; 1012-E), Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 96

Fortunately, then, this text in which the play is preserved to us is, in general, substantively good. The quarto's punctuation and lineation, however, are much less reliable than its language. The pointing is not in most respects notably worse than that in comparable publications; but the text is peppered with question marks, the printers either having spilled these among the other marks or run out of periods.

1966, Lawrence J. Ross, “Introduction”, in Cyril Tourneur [now thought to be by Thomas Middleton], edited by Lawrence J. Ross, The Revenger’s Tragedy (Regents Renaissance Drama), Lincoln, Neb., London: University of Nebraska Press, page xxxi

I would like to comment only on the question mark in the topic – and raise several questions for our discussion hidden within that question mark, questions integral to the ongoing debates since [John] Calvin, integral to the "historically extended and socially embedded argument within the Reformed tradition about the very goods that constitute that tradition" (adapting Alasdair MacIntyre's description of a living tradition).

2009, Dirk J. Smit, “On Self-love: Impulses from Calvin and Calvinism on Life in Society?”, in Robert Vosloo, editor, Essays on Being Reformed: Collected Essays 3, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa: SUN MeDIA Stellenbosch, part 4 (Contemporary Challenges), page 493

The waitress, [...] places my coffee beside my notebook then stops to gawp at what I've written and a deep frown forms between her unplucked eyebrows. She stares at the initials, the connecting lines, the question marks, the circles. I see them as she sees them: a load of rubbish, fanciful nonsense from a person who has watched one too many cop shows.

2015, Dorothy Koomson, “Smitty”, in That Girl from Nowhere, London: Arrow Books, Penguin Random House, published 2016, page 415

(typography) The punctuation mark "?", used at the end of a sentence to indicate a question.

ܫܘܼܘܕܵܥܵܐ ܕܫܘܼܐܵܠܵܐ

šuwdāʿā d-šuʾālā

Question Mark (Polygonia interrogationis). Preferred host plants are elms (Ulmus spp.), hackberry (Celtis spp.), hops (Humulus spp.), nettle (Urtica spp.), and false nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica).

1990, Wendy Potter-Springer, “List of Host Plants for Caterpillars”, in Heather Clemow, editor, Grow a Butterfly Garden (A Storey County Wisdom Bulletin; A-114), North Adams, Mass.: Storey Publishing, page 7

Commas (Polygonia comma) and Question Marks (Polygonia interrogationis) occur from the Gulf Coast to Canada and west to the Rockies. [...] Question Marks and Commas are handsome butterflies with burnt orange and black markings. [...] On the underside of each hind wing of the Comma is a small, distinctive silver hook that resembles a comma. The Question Mark has a small silver dot just below the hook—a question mark. Any other name just wouldn't do.

2004, Scott Shalaway, “Close-ups”, in Butterflies in the Backyard, Mechanicsburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, page 18

Other members of this genus that are frequently encountered in the park are the eastern comma (P. comma) and question mark (P. interrogationis).

2013, Ann Simpson, Rob Simpson, “Butterflies and Moths”, in Nature Guide to Shenandoah National Park (Falcon Pocket Guide), Guilford, Conn., Helena, Mont.: Falcon Guides, Globe Pequot Press, page 91

Polygonia interrogationis, a North American nymphalid butterfly with a silver mark on the underside of its hindwing resembling a question mark (sense 1).


backslash

From back + slash, because it is a slash going back against the direction of writing, in contrast to the common slash / (“slash, solidus, oblique, forward slash”).

[…] I was trying to find a web-site for which I had been given the following address: http://www.isop.ucla.edu/pacrim/pubs/korjournal.htm. […] I began to work backwards, removing first the last part of the address following the last backslash (/korjournal.htm).

2001, James T. Bretzke, Bibliography on East Asian Religion and Philosophy, Edwin Mellen Press, page 455

“So, do what I tell you. Open a browser window and type this in the menu bar: F-T-P colon backslash backslash euronews dot net backslash...”
I pecked carefully at the keyboard as he dictated a URL that was about fifty characters long, […]

2010, Lee Vance, The Garden of Betrayal, Random House, published 2011, page 25

Also, avoid submenus that can confuse the audience—if you're giving lengthy Web site addresses full of backslashes, shorten it so only the Web site's home page is given.

2010, Frank Barnas, Ted White, Broadcast News Writing, Reporting, and Producing, Fifth Edition, Elsevier, page 114

(computing, rare, proscribed) Used erroneously in reference to, or in reading out, the ordinary slash, that is, the punctuation mark /.


backslash

backslash (third-person singular simple present backslashes, present participle backslashing, simple past and past participle backslashed)

backslashes (present singular third-person)
backslashing (participle present)
backslashed (participle past)
backslashed (past)

(computing, transitive) To escape (a metacharacter) by prepending a backslash that serves as an escape character, thereby forming an escape sequence.


tire

az-noun

tire (definite accusative tireni, plural tirelər)

tireni (accusative definite)
tirelər (plural)
tire (nominative singular)
tirelər (nominative plural)
tireni (accusative definite singular)
tireləri (accusative definite plural)
tireyə (dative singular)
tirelərə (dative plural)
tiredə (locative singular)
tirelərdə (locative plural)
tiredən (ablative singular)
tirelərdən (ablative plural)
tirenin (definite genitive singular)
tirelərin (definite genitive plural)
tirem (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
tirelərim (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
tiren (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
tirelərin (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tiresi (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tireləri (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tiremiz (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
tirelərimiz (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
tireniz (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
tireləriniz (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tiresi (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tireləri (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tireləri (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
tiremi (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
tirelərimi (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
tireni (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
tirelərini (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tiresini (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tirelərini (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tiremizi (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
tirelərimizi (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
tirenizi (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
tirelərinizi (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tiresini (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərini (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərini (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
tiremə (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
tirelərimə (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
tirenə (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
tirelərinə (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tiresinə (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tirelərinə (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tiremizə (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
tirelərimizə (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
tirenizə (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
tirelərinizə (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tiresinə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərinə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərinə (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
tiremdə (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
tirelərimdə (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
tirendə (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
tirelərində (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tiresində (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tirelərində (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tiremizdə (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
tirelərimizdə (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
tirenizdə (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
tirelərinizdə (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tiresində (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərində (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərində (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
tiremdən (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
tirelərimdən (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
tirendən (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
tirelərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tiresindən (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tirelərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tiremizdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
tirelərimizdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
tirenizdən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
tirelərinizdən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tiresindən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərindən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərindən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
tiremin (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
tirelərimin (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
tirenin (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
tirelərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tiresinin (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tirelərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tiremizin (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
tirelərimizin (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
tirenizin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
tirelərinizin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tiresinin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərinin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tirelərinin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Russian тире (tire), ultimately from French tiret.


tire

head

tire (definite accusative tireyi, plural tireler)

tireyi (accusative definite)
tireler (plural)
tire (nominative singular)
tireler (nominative plural)
tireyi (accusative definite singular)
tireleri (accusative definite plural)
tireye (dative singular)
tirelere (dative plural)
tirede (locative singular)
tirelerde (locative plural)
tireden (ablative singular)
tirelerden (ablative plural)
tirenin (genitive singular)
tirelerin (genitive plural)

"-" Hyphen-minus symbol, used as a hyphen, minus sign, and a dash.


parenthesis

en-noun

parenthesis (countable and uncountable, plural parentheses)

/pəˈɹɛnθəsɪs/

Learned borrowing from Late Latin parenthesis (“addition of a letter to a syllable in a word”), itself borrowed from Ancient Greek παρένθεσις (parénthesis).

lbor

There be five manner of points and divisions most used among cunning men; the which if they be well used, make the sentence very light and easy to be understood, both to the reader and hearer: and they be these, virgil,—come,—parenthesis,—plain point,—interrogative[…] it is a slender stroke leaning forward, betokening a little short rest, without any perfectness yet of sentence.

1824, John Johnson, Typographia, Or the Printer's Instructor, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green

Whoever introduced the several points, it seems that a full-point, a point called come, answering to our colon-point, a point called virgil answering to our comma-point, the parenthesis-points and interrogative-point, were used at the close of the fourteenth, or beginning of the fifteenth century.

1842, F. Francillon, An Essay on Punctuation, page 9

[T]he present research also made an effort to approach a greater accuracy in presenting the original sources of borrowed words. This was achieved by presenting etymons from Hindustani in the Devanagari script followed by a transliteration in the Roman alphabet in parentheses.

2018, James Lambert, “Anglo-Indian slang in dictionaries on historical principles”, in World Englishes, volume 37, page 255

Either of a pair of brackets, especially (mainly US) round brackets, ( and ) (used to enclose parenthetical material in a text).

قَوْس m (plural: أَقْوَاس m pl, قَوْسَانِ


diagonal

/daɪˈæɡənəl/

/dɑɪˈæɡ.ə.nəl/

From Middle French diagonal, from Latin diagōnālis, from Ancient Greek διαγώνιος (diagṓnios, “from angle to angle”), from διά (diá, “across”) + γωνία (gōnía, “angle”).

der

Having slanted or oblique lines or markings.


tilde

Borrowed from Spanish tilde, from Latin titulus (“superscript”) or from tildar. Doublet of titer/titre, title, titlo, tittle, and titulus. Compare Portuguese til.

apex

visually similar diacritic in Middle Vietnamese that is often confused with the tilde

A punctuation mark that indicates range (from a number to another number).


bodka

sk-noun

bodka f (genitive singular bodky, nominative plural bodky, genitive plural bodiek, declension pattern of žena)

bodky (genitive singular)
bodky (nominative plural)
bodiek (genitive plural)
žena (declension-pattern-of)
bodka (nominative singular)
bodky (nominative plural)
bodky (genitive singular)
bodiek (genitive plural)
bodke (dative singular)
bodkám (dative plural)
bodku (accusative singular)
bodky (accusative plural)
bodke (locative singular)
bodkách (locative plural)
bodkou (instrumental singular)
bodkami (instrumental plural)


crotchet

From Old French crochet (“small hook”), from croc (with diminutive suffix -et), from Old Norse krókr (“hook”).


punto

puntos (plural)
puntillo (diminutive)
puntito (diminutive)

→ Tagalog: punto

Inherited from Latin pūnctum (“point”), from pungō (“to prick, to puncture”). Cognate with Galician punto, Portuguese ponto, and Catalan punt.

hasta cierto punto

to a certain extent/degree, to some extent/degree


exclamation point

en-noun

exclamation point (plural exclamation points)

(figurative) An elongated shape like an exclamation point.


punctuation

punctuation (countable and uncountable, plural punctuations)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin punctuātiō (“a marking with points, a writing, agreement”), from punctuō (“to mark with points, settle”). Morphologically, punctuate + -ion.

bor

an extensive list of such marks at Thesaurus:punctuation mark


coma

Borrowed from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).


coma

comas (plural)
coma (mutation mutation-radical)
goma (mutation mutation-soft)
nghoma (mutation mutation-nasal)
choma (mutation mutation-aspirate)


period

frequency

antonym(s) of “length of time of recurrence of a periodic phenomenon”

/ˈpɪə.ɹɪ.əd/

From Middle English periode, from Middle French periode, from Medieval Latin periodus, from Ancient Greek περίοδος (períodos, “circuit, an interval of time, path around”), from περί- (perí-, “around”) + ὁδός (hodós, “way”). Displaced native Middle English tide (“interval, period, season”), from Old English tīd (“time, period, season”), as well as Middle English elde (“age, period”), from Old English ieldu (“age, period of time”).

periudhë

history: period of time seen as coherent entity

periodike

length of time during which something repeats

‘You know, a period? The black spot at the end of a sentence — what do you call them over there?’

2002, Zadie Smith, The Autograph Man, Penguin Books (2003), page 299

(now chiefly Canada, US, Philippines) The punctuation mark “.” (indicating the ending of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).


period

/ˈpɪə.ɹɪ.əd/

I know you don't want to go to the dentist, but your teeth need to be checked, period!

(chiefly Canada, US) That's final; that's the end of the matter (analogous to a period ending a sentence); end of story.


The Italian printer Aldus Manutius established the practice of using the semicolon mark to separate words of opposed meaning, and to indicate interdependent statements. The earliest, general use of the semicolon in English was in 1591.

Indicates a pause longer than the comma and shorter than a period/full stop.


Με συγχωρείτε· πού είναι οι τουαλέτες;


whack

Uncertain. Originally Scottish; probably onomatopoeic, but compare Middle English thakken < Old English þaccian (whence Modern thwack by conflation with whack).

(obsolete) A whack-up: a division of an amount into separate whacks, a divvying up.

del c:\docs\readme.txt
Delete c colon whack docs whack readme dot text.

(typography, computing, slang) The backslash, ⟨ \ ⟩.


whack

en-verb

whack (third-person singular simple present whacks, present participle whacking, simple past and past participle whacked)

whacks (present singular third-person)
whacking (participle present)
whacked (participle past)
whacked (past)

to whack the spoils of a robbery

When the sewer-hunters consider they have searched long enough […] the gang […] count out the money they have picked up, and proceed to dispose of the old metal, bones, rope, &c.; this done, they then, as they term it, “whack” the whole lot; that is, they divide it equally among all hands.

1851, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, volume 2, London: G. Newbold, page 152

(transitive, slang) To share or parcel out (often with up).


exclamation mark
exclamation mark#English

An exclamation mark and a question mark, used at the end of sentences to express panic, confusion or surprise.


A superimposition of ! (“denoting excitement, surprise, shock or sudden realisations”) + ? (“marks the preceding sentence as a question”); see ?! and !?. Invented by advertising agent and typographer Martin K. Speckter in April 1962 for use by copywriters.

He did what‽

The New York Times
W.W. Norton & Company
‽


– Could you direct me to the bus station?

– It's just on your right at the end of the road.

Indicates a quotation or a line of dialogue.

Curved single quotation marks and apostrophes

Straight single quotation mark and apostrophe


oblique

From Middle French oblique, from Latin oblīquus (also spelled oblīcus) (“slanting, sideways, indirect, envious”).


Alternative form of ― (“horizontal bar; quotation dash; introduces a line of dialogue”)


Не́которые госуда́рства — чле́ны ЕС препя́тствуют размеще́нию бе́женцев на свое́й террито́рии.
Nékotoryje gosudárstva — člény JeS prepjátstvujut razmeščéniju béžencev na svojéj territórii.
Some EU member states prevent placement of refugees on their territory.

Replaces ‐ in some appositions, where hyphen would be used to connect the appositive word and the word in apposition if neither of them were a phrase.


dot

From Middle English *dot, dotte, from Old English dott (“a dot, point”), from Proto-West Germanic *dott, from Proto-Germanic *duttaz (“wisp”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Dot, Dotte (“a clump”), Dutch dot (“lump, knot, clod”), Low German Dutte (“a plug”), dialectal Swedish dott (“a little heap, bunch, clump”).

cog

(grammar) A punctuation mark used to indicate the end of a sentence or an abbreviated part of a word; a full stop; a period.

full stop

at the end of a sentence or abbreviation


(algebra) Complex or transpose conjugate; conjugate.

In the language defined by AB*A, each string starts with an A, ends with a distinct A, and between them has zero or more Bs.

(algebra, computer science) Free monoid or Kleene star.

(music) A pointing mark in Anglican chant, which marks a place in the text where an extra breath should be taken, resulting in a brief pause.


barre

→ English: barre

→ Romanian: bară

→ Vietnamese: ba-rê

From Middle French barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old Frankish *bara (“bar, beam, barrier, fence”), from Proto-Germanic *barō (“beam, bar, barrier”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce”).
If so, then cognate with Old High German para, bara (“bar, beam, one's cherished land”), Middle Dutch bāre, baer (“bar, barrier, rail”), Old Frisian ber (“attack, assault”), Swedish bärling (“a spoke”), Norwegian berling (“a small bar in a vehicle, rod”), Latin forus (“gangway, plank”), Russian забо́р (zabór, “fencing, paling, fence”), Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros, “piece of land, furrow, marker, beacon, lighthouse”).
An alternative etymology derives Old French barre and Vulgar Latin *barra from a Celtic source related to Breton barri (“branch, twig”).
Doublet of bar.

cog

barre de fraction
barre de fraction#French

(typography) Clipping of barre de fraction: the fraction slash ⟨⁄⟩


shriek

From obsolete shrick (1567), shreke, variants of earlier screak, skricke (before 1500), from Middle English scrycke, from a North Germanic/Scandinavian language (compare Swedish skrika, Danish skrige, Icelandic skríkja), from Proto-Germanic *skrīkijaną, *skrik- (compare English screech). More at screech.

A sharp, shrill outcry or scream; a shrill wild cry such as is caused by sudden or extreme terror, pain, or the like.


interrobang

/ɪnˈtɛ.ɹəʊˌbæŋ/

/ɪnˈtɛ.ɹəˌbæŋ/

/ɪnˈtɛ.ɹɔˌbæŋ/

Malaysia (especially as the proscriptional usage of a verb

[ɪnˈtə.ɹəˌbæŋ]

The New York Times
W. W. Norton & Company

A blend of Latin interrogātiō (“examination, inquiry, interrogation, questioning”) + bang (“exclamation mark, exclamation point”), coined in a 1962 article in the journal TYPEtalks by American advertising executive Martin Kiehra Speckter (1915–1988), who invented the symbol.

blend

Has anyone seen an interrobang? It's a newly invented punctuation mark that looks like this: ‽ A question mark with an exclamation point superimposed, it's meant to convey that nuance of feeling—a mixture of query and surprise—that people have in mind when they say "Really?", also meaning "Really!", or "How about that‽" […] The cure for incredibility is not more punctuation, but more plain talk. We don't need symbols like the interrobang that merely express our perpetual disbelief. We need plain words to express plain truths.

1968 November 15, William Zinsser, “For clear expression: Try words: The interrobang”, in Life, volume 65, number 20, Chicago, Ill., New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 24

The Interrobang is not a font – just a single character. Yet it is so powerful a symbol, and such a flawed and original concept, that it deserves a place alongside the most adventurous typographic innovations of the last century. It is an exclamation mark and a question mark combined, a ligature looping the curve of the interrogation with the downward force of the expletive (which compositors and printers have traditionally called a bang). When they meld, they need only one round point at their base.

2011 September, Simon Garfield, “Breaking the Rules”, in Just My Type: A Book About Fonts, New York, N.Y.: Gotham Books, Penguin Group, page 268

Popular as it was with writers and admen, the interrobang faced a struggle for mainstream acceptance. Simulating an interrobang on a typewriter was possible, if clumsy—type "?" and then overstrike it with "!"—but for typesetters creating a printed document, there was no such shortcut. Those advertisements, brochures, and books that actually honored the writer's use of the character had to be set using handcrafted interrobangs, either drawn by an illustrator or sculpted from rubber cement with a razor blade.

2013, Keith Houston, “The Interrobang”, in Shady Characters: The Secret Life of Punctuation, Symbols & Other Typographical Marks, New York, N.Y.: W. W. Norton & Company, pages 28–29

Introduce the notion of combining punctuation marks in new ways. Explain the Interabang and its use as a nonstandard punctuation mark intended to combine the functions of the question mark and the exclamation mark. Allowing your students the use of all keyboard symbols to create additional punctuation forms, what other punctuation combinations would prove useful in allowing greater expression through punctuation?

2014, John Senior, “Idea 79: The Interabang!?”, in 100 Ideas for Secondary Teachers: Gifted and Talented, London: Bloomsbury Education, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 94

punctuation mark
punctuation mark#English

rhetorical question
rhetorical question#English

The nonstandard punctuation mark ⟨‽⟩ (a combination of ⟨?⟩ and ⟨!⟩), which may be used at the end of a sentence to express excitement or disbelief, or to indicate that it is a rhetorical question.

感嘆修辞疑問符

かんたんしゅうじぎもんふ

Interrobang — !?, ?!, or ‽ / What?! You’ve never heard of the interrobang!? Really? Well, now you have, so all is forgiven. An interrobang is […] used to end sentences where you really want both the exclamation point and the question mark. […] The word is used to describe both the two side by side (!? or ?!) or the combined symbol (‽).

2014, Jamie Frater, “Top 10 Fascinating Typographical Origins”, in Listverse.com’s Ultimate Book of Bizarre Lists: Fascinating Facts and Astounding Trivia on Movies, Music, Crime, Celebrities, History and More, Berkeley, Calif.: Ulysses Press, Culture section, page 369

For instance, Taylor (2002: 568–570) discusses the ‘incredulity response construction’ in English as an example of a CI, exemplified by expressions such as Him write a novel?! and Me worry?! The CI has the schematic form of [nom_(sbj) v_(inf) (np)?!]. When written, it is often punctuated with an interrobang (‽ or ?!).

2014, Kam-yiu S. Pang, “‘Overthrowing’ Yesterday’s ICM: (Re)focusing of Meaning in a Hong Kong Chinese (Cantonese) Constructional Idiom”, in Masataka Yamaguchi, Dennis Tay, Benjamin Blount, editors, Approaches to Language, Culture, and Cognition: The Intersection of Cognitive Linguistics and Linguistic Anthropology, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, Part I (Cognitive Linguistic Approaches to Language and Culture), section 2 (Constructional idioms), page 70

My Jungle page had become bloated with messages since the press conference — notes from people at school, neighbors and strangers. A few people from Star Club left nice comments, and a few classmates wrote “so sorry to hear” messages. Even an interrobang-filled rant from Sasha Rosenberg?!

2019, Ria Voros, chapter 27, in The Center of the Universe, Toronto, Ont.: KCP Loft, published 2024, page 142

It was not until entering the fourth movement when he would finally stop all strumming to interject with an interrobang: “WHERE is that voice COMING from!?”

2022, Choir Korneli Leviyey, “2007”, in Traumaturgy: The Abandoned Autobiography, page 53

Now, when we run it without supplying a value for the $City parameter, we get a message suggesting we type an interrobang (!?) for help: […]

2024 February 29, Nick Parlow, “Writing Our First Script – Turning Simple Cmdlets into Reusable Code”, in PowerShell 7 Workshop: Learn How to Program with PowerShell 7 on Windows, Linux, and the Raspberry Pi, Birmingham, West Midlands: Packt Publishing, Part 2 (Scripting and Toolmaking), section “Providing help for our script”, subsection “Parameter help messages”, page 214

(rare) A combination of a question mark and an exclamation mark; ⟨!?⟩ or ⟨?!⟩.


interrobang

/ĩ.tɛ.ʁuˈbɐ̃.ɡɨ/

[ĩ.tɛ.ʁuˈβɐ̃.ɡɨ]

Unadapted borrowing from English interrobang. See there for further details.

ubor

(rare) interrobang (the punctuation mark ‽)


inverted comma

From the appearance of an inverted comma.
In lead type, an opening quote is not a separate casting. It is the result of rotating a comma 180°, inverting the comma. It is used singly or as double quotes.
Similarly, the closing quotation mark is the apostrophe. Also used singly or as double quotes.

The paſſage quoted in the text is at the latter part of the following letter, and is put between inverted commas.

1789, Frederick II, King of Prussia, Correspondence. Letters between Frederic II. and M. de Voltaire. Translated from the French by Thomas Holcroft. 1789: Vol 8

Some of the papers, with questionable taste, present Mrs. [Alice Roosevelt] Longworth to their readers as the American “Princess.” There is nothing in her ways, bearing, or appearance to warrant the epithet which I give, as printed, in inverted commas.

1906 July 11, Truth: A Weekly Journal, volume LX, number 1541, London: “Truth” Buildings, […], published 1907, page 88, column 1

The following paradigm will serve to illustrate what we mean by this term:
(37) (a) ‘Will I get a degree?ʼ John wondered
(37) (b) John wondered whether he would get a degree
(37) (c) John wondered would he get a degree
The italicised sequence in (37) (a) is said to be an instance of direct speech: John's exact words are recorded verbatim, and are bounded in the spelling by a question mark and inverted commas; points to note here include the use of the present tense Auxiliary will, the inversion of the Auxiliary, and the use of the first person pronoun I to represent the speaker.

1988, Andrew Radford, chapter 6, in Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 299

(Commonwealth) A type of paired quotation mark: ‘ or “ (beginning the quoted material) and ’ or ” (ending it).


query

An anglicisation of quere, an obsolete variant form of Latin quaere, second-person singular present active imperative of quaerō (“seek, look for; ask”). Cognate with French quérir, Italian chiedere, Portuguese querer, Romanian cere, and Spanish querer. Compare question.

His Glossary has ‘bouchen, to stop people's mouths,’; but this is followed by a query, to show that it was but a guess. I have shown, from the MSS. and other sources, that it should be bonched, i.e. bunched, bumped, knocked, smote.

1886, Skeat, Address of the President to the Philological Society, Great Britain

She had written in her diary: "I don't think I am in a concentration-camp??????", the queries growing larger and more numerous till they covered the entire page […]

I refer you to your line above, where you use a query and a bang together.

2006, Pip, “Re: Royal Enfield motorbike - why would anyone buy one?”, in rec.motorcycles (Usenet)


pont

pontok (plural)
pont (nominative singular)
pontok (nominative plural)
pontot (accusative singular)
pontokat (accusative plural)
pontnak (dative singular)
pontoknak (dative plural)
ponttal (instrumental singular)
pontokkal (instrumental plural)
pontért (causal-final singular)
pontokért (causal-final plural)
ponttá (singular translative)
pontokká (plural translative)
pontig (singular terminative)
pontokig (plural terminative)
pontként (essive-formal singular)
pontokként (essive-formal plural)
pontban (inessive singular)
pontokban (inessive plural)
ponton (singular superessive)
pontokon (plural superessive)
pontnál (adessive singular)
pontoknál (adessive plural)
pontba (illative singular)
pontokba (illative plural)
pontra (singular sublative)
pontokra (plural sublative)
ponthoz (allative singular)
pontokhoz (allative plural)
pontból (elative singular)
pontokból (elative plural)
pontról (delative singular)
pontokról (delative plural)
ponttól (ablative singular)
pontoktól (ablative plural)
ponté (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
pontoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
pontéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
pontokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
pontom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
pontjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
pontod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
pontjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
pontja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
pontjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
pontunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
pontjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
pontotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
pontjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
pontjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
pontjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from German Punkt, from Latin punctum.

(orthography) point, full stop, period (a terminal punctuation mark or a symbol of abbreviation)


(linguistics) delimiter for polyphonemic transcription.


Represents a mouth vertically aligned, in order to form emoticons.

A) New York, B) London, C) Paris.

a) New York, b) London, c) Paris.

1) New York, 2) London, 3) Paris.

I) New York, II) London, III) Paris.

Separates a number or letter from an item in a list. Compare ( ), as in "(A) Milk, (B) Eggs, (C) Flour".


[a,b)=x∈ R ,|,a<x<b

(mathematics) Denotes an open endpoint of an interval.


Evolved from :-). In the Russian keyboard layout, one has to press Shift+6 to type a colon, which is deemed inconvenient, particularly in instant messaging, as it requires both hands. As a result the smiley's eyes vanished over time.

(Internet slang, text messaging) :-), expressing happiness or amusement.


Typographical simplification, particularly due to the use of typewriters, thence followed in computers: rather than having separate opening (“) and closing (”) quotation marks (and other keys for ″ and others), a single square key was used, to reduce the number of keys.

Used as a quotation mark in some languages. See " ".

An ASCII substitute for ″ (double prime, as in inches)

Zo"e sits on the chair.

Used after a letter as a nonstandard representation of an umlaut, diaeresis or hungarumlaut, when technical limitations prevent the use of one.


(time, angles) An ASCII substitute for the symbol representing the second, placed after the value of the seconds in a term to indicate seconds count


Descended from the diagonal slash ( / ), used to indicate a pause. The modern form was first used by Aldus Manutius.

Mr. Kershner says, "You should know how to use a comma."

Optionally sets off quoted material that is the grammatical object of an active verb of speaking or writing.


Indicating the lengthening of a pronunciation.


(a,b]=x∈ R ,|,a<x<b


確實如此，然而（

(Internet slang, by extension) Added to the end of a message, either left parenthesis only or both, used in place of ellipses …… (which can be read as indecisiveness) to imply an abrupt and intentional end to an incomplete sentence.


(music) A pointing mark in Anglican chant, which marks a place in the text where a barline occurs in the chant.


普洱

pu'er tea (named for a city in Yunnan, China)

隔音符號 隔音符號#Chinese

隔音符号 隔音符号#Chinese

sed to mark an initial a, e, or o in a multisyllabic Pinyin word, to prevent confusion (隔音符號／隔音符号 (géyīn fúhào))


al la mond'' eterne militanta ĝi promesas sanktan harmonion.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(chiefly poetic) Used to indicate omission of the final -o of nominative singular nouns.


Harry'ego /xaˈrɛ.ɡɔ/ — genitive case of Harry

Georges'em /ˈʐɔr.ʐɛm/

put before the declension suffix of a foreign name, if the preceding letter is silent


greengrocer's apostrophe

en-noun

greengrocer's apostrophe (plural greengrocer's apostrophes)

From the misuse of apostrophes on signs in greengrocers' shops.

[A] flashing neon sign advertising the Pari's Hotel is less an early case of greengrocer's apostrophe than a sardonic Pascalian allusion (pari in French meaning 'bet').

1993, British Film Institute, Sight and Sound Film Review

It is hardly surprising that these conventions seem to be in rapid collapse, with what has been called "the greengrocer's apostrophe" (apple's 60p, Antique's, linguistic's, and perhaps even mean't, all personally attested) […]

1998, Richard M. Hogg et al., The Cambridge History of the English Language, page 121

When applied in English it produces greengrocer's apostrophes.

2004, Joy Burrough-Boenisch, Righting English That's Gone Dutch

An incorrectly used apostrophe, especially one mistakenly used to form the plural of a noun, for example to write the plural of banana as banana's instead of bananas.


en dash

Named for its width, which is equal to the width of the letter n or N, or approximately half the width of an em dash.

(typography) The punctuation mark –, which is used, for instance, to indicate a range.


em dash

Named for its width, which is equal to the width of the letter m or M, or approximately twice the width of an en dash.

(typography) The symbol (—) (used to demarcate a parenthetical thought or to indicate a break, or for emphasis)


punt

Inherited from Latin pūnctum. Cognate with Spanish and Galician punto and Portuguese ponto.


punt

nl-noun

punt m (plural punten, diminutive puntje n)

punten (plural)
puntje (diminutive neuter)

From French point, from Latin punctus. Doublet of bont.

Zet een punt aan het einde van de zin.

Put a full stop at the end of the sentence.

Ik heb geleerd altijd een punt te gebruiken na een volledige gedachte.

I've learned to always use a period after a complete thought.

Ze schrijft vaak lange zinnen zonder een punt.

She often writes long sentences without a full stop.


coche

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive


linja + auto → linja-auto

when a part ends in the same vowel the next part starts with.

laulu + ilta → lauluilta ~ laulu-ilta (compare lauluilta (elative form))

(optional) when the former part ends in a vowel and the next part starts with a vowel, to avoid ambiguity or to help readability.

punos + aita → punosaita ~ punos-aita

(optional) when a part ends in a consonant and the next part starts with a vowel, to avoid ambiguity or to help readability.

parturi + kampaaja → parturi-kampaaja

in certain dvandva or coordinative compounds where the parts are considered 'equal'.

stand up + koomikko → stand up ‑koomikko

contains a space (a space is written before the hyphen if the previous part contains a space, and vice versa, but not both).

Suomi + kuva → Suomi-kuva

is a proper noun in the nominative case (unless it has been assimilated to the point it is no longer capitalized), chiefly in words that are not themselves proper nouns.

Saksan + matka → Saksan-matka (“trip to Germany”) (compare Saksan matka (“trip to Germany, Germany's trip”))

(optional) is a proper noun in the genitive case (unless it has been assimilated to the point it is no longer capitalized), for clarity and to avoid ambiguity.

NATO + jäsenyys → NATO-jäsenyys

is an abbreviation, acronym or initialism (optional if it is the final component and spelled in lowercase).

20 + -vuotias → 20-vuotias

C + vitamiini → C-vitamiini

Delimits parts of compound words
when at least one of the two parts
is a letter, number or symbol.

ei + toivottu → ei-toivottu

is a particle or a word treated as such.

(in some cases) is an unadapted loanword.

Delimits parts of compound words
when at least one of the two parts
is an unadapted loanword.

syntymäaika ja ‑paikka = syntymäaika ja syntymäpaikka

mansikka-, mustikka- ja vadelmahillo = mansikkahillo, mustikkahillo ja vadelmahillo

strawberry (jam), bilberry (jam) and raspberry jam

suspended hyphen
suspended hyphen#English

Represents omission of repeated parts of compound words in a list ("suspended hyphen").


To-kyo-

(rare) A romanization of the ー (long vowel mark).


Used to separate elements of a compound word when the second begins with an orthographic vowel (phonemic glottal stop).


스타‐린氏
Seutārin-ssi
Stalin
compare Japanese スターリン (Sutārin)

Keuriseumasseu ssīr-eun gyeolhaek yebang undong-ui eoksen ssimbol
Kurisumasu shīru wa kekkaku yobō undō no chikarazuyoki shinboru
Christmas seals are a strong symbol of the tuberculosis prevention movement
compare Japanese シール (shīru)

크리스마쓰(クリスマス)씨‐ㄹ(シール)은(は)結核豫防運動의(の)억센(力強き)씸볼(シンボル)

三養라‐면
스‐프添付
Samyang rāmyeon
Se͞upeu cheombu
Samyang ramyon
Soup included
compare Japanese ラーメン (rāmen), Japanese スープ (sūpu)

마‐크 더불유 클라크
Mākeu Deoburyu Keullakeu
Mark W. Clark
compare Japanese マーク (Māku)


Represents omission of repeated parts of compound words in a list.


forward slash

A retronym coined to distinguish the slash from the backslash, particularly in computing contexts.


Harvard comma

From Harvard University Press, where such use is the house style.


Oxford comma

From Oxford University Press, where such use is the house style.

It was Collins who invented the ‘Oxford comma’, for which he obtained supported from Herbert Spencer.

2002 [1978], Peter Sutcliffe, “Making the Press what it ought to be”, in The Oxford University Press, Clarendon Press, page 114

Who gives a fuck about an Oxford comma? / I've seen those English dramas too; they're cruel / So if there's any other way to spell the word / It's fine with me, with me

2008, “Oxford Comma”, in Vampire Weekend, performed by Vampire Weekend

It is a debate that has torn the nation in two, ripped friends and family apart, and entrenched deep and uncrossable lines throughout the land. Should the Royal Mint have used an Oxford comma on its Brexit 50p piece?

2020 January 27, Alison Flood, “Philip Pullman calls for boycott of Brexit 50p coin over 'missing' Oxford comma”, in The Guardian


serial comma

A comma preceding the final conjunction in a list of three or more items, especially to provide clarity.


punctuation mark

en-noun

punctuation mark (plural punctuation marks)

Any of various symbols used in writing and printing to indicate pauses, divisions, etc. and to aid the reader in understanding what is written.

quotation mark: " or ” or “ or ' or ’ or ‘


maru

From Japanese 丸(まる) (maru, “circle; suffix used for ship names”).

ja-r

A large, circular punctuation mark (。) used as a full stop in Japanese text.


deklivo

eo-head

deklivo (accusative singular deklivon, plural deklivoj, accusative plural deklivojn)

deklivon (accusative singular)
deklivoj (plural)
deklivojn (accusative plural)


chevron

From Middle English cheveroun, from Old French [Term?], the mark so called because it looks like rafters of a shallow roof, from Vulgar Latin *capriō, from Latin caper (“goat”), the likely connection between goats and rafters being the animal's horns.

A guillemet, either of the punctuation marks “«” or “»”, used in several languages to indicate passages of speech. Similar to typical quotation marks used in the English language such as ““” and “””.

An angle bracket, either used as a typographic or a scientific symbol.


Used as a quotation mark in some languages.


raya

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico

Inherited from Old Spanish, probably from Vulgar Latin *radia, from Latin radius or a related derivative; cf. the verb rayar, or from the feminine form of rayo. Probably a doublet of raza. Cognate with Portuguese raia, French raie.


raya

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

third-person singular present indicative


raya

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


interpunct

From Latin interpunctus, from inter- (“between, mid-”) + punctus (“point”).


(informal) A substitute for the letter ⟨ʼ⟩ for glottal stop and ejective consonants in the orthographies of various languages of America, Africa, and the Pacific.

(informal, in transliterated Cyrillic text) A substitute for the modifying diacritic ⟨ʹ⟩ used to transliterate the soft sign ⟨ь⟩ and palatalized consonants.


կ’ըսէ

չ’երթար

ապաթարց ապաթարց#Armenian

Western Armenian
Western Armenian#English

Armenian apostrophe, ապաթարց (apatʻarcʻ)

In literary Western Armenian, replaces reduced vowels, especially in the case of the particles կը (kə), մը (mə), չի (čʻi).


koma

-koma (canonical)
kukoma (infinitive)
kukoma (infinitive)
kutokoma (infinitive negative)
koma (imperative singular)
komeni (imperative plural)
hukoma (habitual)
positive subject concord + -likoma (past)
negative subject concord + -kukoma (negative past)
ninakoma (first-person present singular)
nakoma (first-person present singular)
tunakoma (first-person plural present)
unakoma (present second-person singular)
mnakoma (plural present second-person)
anakoma (class-1 class-2 present singular third-person)
wanakoma (class-1 class-2 plural present third-person)
positive subject concord + -nakoma (present third-person)
sikomi (first-person negative present singular)
hatukomi (first-person negative plural present)
hukomi (negative present second-person singular)
hamkomi (negative plural present second-person)
hakomi (class-1 class-2 negative present singular third-person)
hawakomi (class-1 class-2 negative plural present third-person)
negative subject concord + -komi (negative present third-person)
positive subject concord + -takoma (future)
negative subject concord + -takoma (future negative)
nikome (first-person singular subjunctive)
tukome (first-person plural subjunctive)
ukome (second-person singular subjunctive)
mkome (plural second-person subjunctive)
akome (class-1 class-2 singular subjunctive third-person)
wakome (class-1 class-2 plural subjunctive third-person)
positive subject concord + -kome (subjunctive third-person)
positive subject concord + -sikome (negative subjunctive)
positive subject concord + -ngekoma (irrealis present)
positive subject concord + -singekoma (irrealis negative present)
positive subject concord + -ngalikoma (irrealis past)
positive subject concord + -singalikoma (irrealis negative past)
nakoma (first-person gnomic singular)
twakoma (first-person gnomic plural)
wakoma (gnomic second-person singular)
mwakoma (gnomic plural second-person)
akoma (class-1 class-2 gnomic singular third-person)
wakoma (class-1 class-2 gnomic plural third-person)
wakoma (class-3 class-4 gnomic singular third-person)
yakoma (class-3 class-4 gnomic plural third-person)
lakoma (class-5 class-6 gnomic singular third-person)
yakoma (class-5 class-6 gnomic plural third-person)
chakoma (class-7 class-8 gnomic singular third-person)
vyakoma (class-7 class-8 gnomic plural third-person)
yakoma (class-10 class-9 gnomic singular third-person)
zakoma (class-10 class-9 gnomic plural third-person)
wakoma (class-11 gnomic singular third-person)
kwakoma (class-15 class-17 gnomic singular third-person)
pakoma (class-16 gnomic singular third-person)
mwakoma (class-18 gnomic singular third-person)
positive subject concord + -mekoma (perfect)
positive subject concord + -meshakoma (already-form)
negative subject concord + -jakoma (not-yet-form)
positive subject concord + -kikoma (if-when-form)
positive subject concord + -sipokoma (if-not-form)
positive subject concord + -kakome (consecutive subjunctive)
-nikoma (first-person indicative object-concord singular)
-tukoma (first-person indicative object-concord plural)
-kukoma (indicative object-concord second-person singular)
-wakoma (indicative object-concord plural second-person)
-kukomeni (indicative object-concord plural second-person)
-wakomeni (indicative object-concord plural second-person)
-mkoma (class-1 class-2 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-wakoma (class-1 class-2 indicative object-concord plural third-person)
-ukoma (class-3 class-4 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-ikoma (class-3 class-4 indicative object-concord plural third-person)
-likoma (class-5 class-6 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-yakoma (class-5 class-6 indicative object-concord plural third-person)
-kikoma (class-7 class-8 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-vikoma (class-7 class-8 indicative object-concord plural third-person)
-ikoma (class-10 class-9 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-zikoma (class-10 class-9 indicative object-concord plural third-person)
-ukoma (class-11 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-kukoma (class-15 class-17 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-pakoma (class-16 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-mukoma (class-18 indicative object-concord singular third-person)
-jikoma (indicative object-concord reflexive)
-komaye (class-1 class-2 object-concord relative singular)
-komao (class-1 class-2 object-concord plural relative)
-komao (class-3 class-4 object-concord relative singular)
-komayo (class-3 class-4 object-concord plural relative)
-komalo (class-5 class-6 object-concord relative singular)
-komayo (class-5 class-6 object-concord plural relative)
-komacho (class-7 class-8 object-concord relative singular)
-komavyo (class-7 class-8 object-concord plural relative)
-komayo (class-10 class-9 object-concord relative singular)
-komazo (class-10 class-9 object-concord plural relative)
-komao (class-11 object-concord relative singular)
-komako (class-15 class-17 object-concord relative singular)
-komapo (class-16 object-concord relative singular)
-komamo (class-18 object-concord relative singular)
-yekoma (class-1 class-2 object-concord relative singular)
-okoma (class-1 class-2 object-concord plural relative)
-okoma (class-3 class-4 object-concord relative singular)
-yokoma (class-3 class-4 object-concord plural relative)
-lokoma (class-5 class-6 object-concord relative singular)
-yokoma (class-5 class-6 object-concord plural relative)
-chokoma (class-7 class-8 object-concord relative singular)
-vyokoma (class-7 class-8 object-concord plural relative)
-yokoma (class-10 class-9 object-concord relative singular)
-zokoma (class-10 class-9 object-concord plural relative)
-okoma (class-11 object-concord relative singular)
-kokoma (class-15 class-17 object-concord relative singular)
-pokoma (class-16 object-concord relative singular)
-mokoma (class-18 object-concord relative singular)


? may derive from Qo, with the Q written over the o, an abbreviation of Latin quaestio (“question”), placed at the end of a question to mark it as such.

(networking) In a URL, begins a query string (a series of data formatted as field-value pairs).


Cómo estás?

(nonstandard) Marks a preceding passage as a question, without the starting ¿, as in English and other languages


solidus

From Middle English solidus, from classical Latin solidus (“solid”), see below. Doublet of sol, sold, soldo, solid, sou, and xu.
In numismatic and weight senses, via medieval Latin solidus (“various coins”), from Late Latin solidus (“a gold coin of the Roman Empire”). In chemical sense, via German Solidus, coined by H.W.B. Roozeboom in his 1899 Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Stöchiometrie, und Verwandtschaftslehre (XXX, page 387).
In typography, from the shilling mark originally being an abbreviation (a long s ⟨ſ⟩), of Medieval Latin solidus meaning shilling.

der

slash (typography)
solidus (coin)
solidus (disambiguation)

(historical) Various medieval and early modern coins or units of account, particularly:

A Roman ~23k gold coin introduced by Diocletian in AD 301 and called by that name, but reissued at a slightly lower weight by Constantine I.

(obsolete) Synonym of sol or sou: a Carolingian unit of account equivalent to a solidus of silver.

sol

(obsolete) Synonym of shilling: an English unit of account and, following the Tudor dynasty, silver coin.

shilling

(typography) Synonym of slash ⟨/⟩, originally (UK) in its use as the shilling mark and now its formal designation by the ISO and Unicode.

slash

(chemistry, physics) The line in a phase diagram marking the temperatures and pressures below which a given substance is a stable solid.


punkto

eo-head

punkto (accusative singular punkton, plural punktoj, accusative plural punktojn)

punkton (accusative singular)
punktoj (plural)
punktojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from German Punkt, Russian пункт (punkt), Polish punkt, all from Latin pūnctum (“point; puncture”). Doublet of bunta and poento.

dot (at the end of a sentence): full stop (UK), period (US)


crochet

→ English: crochet

desc

→ Portuguese: colchete (“hook, bracket”)

→ Portuguese: crochê (“crochet”), croché, crochet (unadapted form)

→ Spanish: corchete

→ Turkish: kroşe


ヌ

埃ヌ (ai ai, “everyone, everybody”)

𩇢ヌ (xanh xanh, “greenish, bluish”)

𠫾ヌ吏ヌ (đi đi lại lại, “to pace around, to go back and forth”)

Iteration mark, indicating that the previous character should be repeated. The Japanese equivalent is 々.


llave

→ Bikol Central: lyabe

→ Cebuano: yabe

→ Tagalog: liyabe, yawe

Inherited from Latin clāvis (“key”), from Proto-Italic *klāwis, of ultimately Proto-Indo-European origin. Doublet of clave. Cognate with English clef.


head

¶ (plural ¶¶, English name pilcrow or paragraph mark)

pilcrow (English name)
paragraph mark (English name)

A graphic variation of the Fraktur capital letter cee, ℭ, an abbreviation of Latin Capitulo (“heading”).

Abby Akari Alishio first came out as queer three years ago. ¶ “I started crying before I even said anything,” said Alishio. ¶ She was 19, and a couple of years out of West Seattle High School, where she’d spent four years feeling like she couldn’t safely explore her queerness or learn about queer community.

2021 October 10, Crystal Paul, “The future of coming out”, in The Seattle Times, archived from the original on 2021-11-04, page E1

Beginning of a paragraph; paragraph break; hard return.


ёлочка

ru-noun+

ёлочка • (jóločka) f inan (genitive ёлочки, nominative plural ёлочки, genitive plural ёлочек)

jóločka (romanization)
ёлочки (genitive)
ёлочки (nominative plural)
ёлочек (genitive plural)
ёлочка (nominative singular)
ёлочки (nominative plural)
ёлочки (genitive singular)
ёлочек (genitive plural)
ёлочке (dative singular)
ёлочкам (dative plural)
ёлочку (accusative singular)
ёлочки (accusative plural)
ёлочкой (instrumental singular)
ёлочкою (instrumental singular)
ёлочками (instrumental plural)
ёлочке (prepositional singular)
ёлочках (plural prepositional)
ёлочка (dated nominative singular)
ёлочки (dated nominative plural)
ёлочки (dated genitive singular)
ёлочекъ (dated genitive plural)
ёлочкѣ (dated dative singular)
ёлочкамъ (dated dative plural)
ёлочку (accusative dated singular)
ёлочки (accusative dated plural)
ёлочкой (dated instrumental singular)
ёлочкою (dated instrumental singular)
ёлочками (dated instrumental plural)
ёлочкѣ (dated prepositional singular)
ёлочкахъ (dated plural prepositional)

[ˈjɵɫət͡ɕkə]

(typography) guillemet (type of quotation mark; either « or »)


punktum

punktumet (definite singular)
punktum (indefinite plural)
punktumer (indefinite plural)
punktuma (definite plural)
punktumene (definite plural)

a period (US) or full stop (UK) (punctuation mark)


punktum

punktumet (definite singular)
punktum (indefinite plural)
punktuma (definite plural)

a full stop (UK) or period (US) (punctuation mark)


slant

Late Middle English, from a variant of the earlier form dialectical slent, from Old Norse or another North Germanic source, cognate with Old Norse slent, Swedish slinta (“to slip”), Norwegian slenta (“to fall on the side”), from Proto-Germanic *slintaną. Probably influenced by aslant.

cog

(biology) A sloping surface in a culture medium.

kalteva pinta

biology: sloping surface in a culture medium


وَاحِد، اِثْنَان، ثَلَاثَة، أَرْبَعَة، خَمْسَة، سِتَّة، سَبْعَة

wāḥid, iṯnān, ṯalāṯa, ʔarbaʕa, ḵamsa, sitta, sabʕa


The Malay comma, written in the Jawi script.


كَيْفَ حَالُك؟


چۆنیت؟


ببخشید؟


ہمارا مقصد کیا ہے؟


interrogative

/ˌɪn.təˈɹɒɡ.ə.tɪv/

/ˌɪn.təˈɹɑ.ɡə.tɪv/

[ˌɪn.təˈɹɑ.ɡə.ɾɪv]

/ˌɪn.təˈɹɔɡ.ə.tɪv/

[ˌɪn.təˈɹɔɡ.ə.ɾɪv]

There be five manner of points and divisions most used among cunning men; the which if they be well used, make the sentence very light and easy to be understood, both to the reader and hearer: and they be these, virgil,—come,—parenthesis,—plain point,—interrogative.

Whoever introduced the several points, it seems that a full-point, a point called come, answering to our colon-point, a point called virgil answering to our comma-point, the parenthesis-points and interrogative-point, were used at the close of the fourteenth, or beginning of the fifteenth century.

1842, F. Francillon, An Essay on Punctuation, page 9

(typography, archaic) Synonym of question mark ⟨?⟩.


A question mark and an exclamation mark, used at the end of sentences to express both wondering and panicky emotion.


How are you going to pay for this??

A double question mark, used at the end of sentences as an emphasized version of %3F, to make questions with more weight and importance, as if demanding an answer.


ponto

From Old Galician-Portuguese ponto, from Latin punctum (“point”), from pungō (“to prick, to puncture, to punch”). Cognate with Spanish punto.


punto y coma

es-noun

punto y coma m (plural punto y coma or puntos y comas)

punto y coma (plural)
puntos y comas (plural)


komma

nl-noun

komma f (plural komma's, diminutive kommaatje n)

komma's (plural)
kommaatje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: komma

→ Indonesian: koma

→ Papiamentu: kòma

→ Sranan Tongo: koma

→ West Frisian: komma

Borrowed from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).


komma

fo-noun

komma n (genitive singular komma, plural kommu)

komma (genitive singular)
kommu (plural)
komma (indefinite nominative singular)
kommað (definite nominative singular)
kommu (indefinite nominative plural)
kommur (indefinite nominative plural)
kommuni (definite nominative plural)
komma (accusative indefinite singular)
kommað (accusative definite singular)
kommu (accusative indefinite plural)
kommur (accusative indefinite plural)
kommuni (accusative definite plural)
komma (dative indefinite singular)
kommanum (dative definite singular)
kommum (dative indefinite plural)
kommunum (dative definite plural)
komma (genitive indefinite singular)
kommans (definite genitive singular)
kommna (genitive indefinite plural)
kommnanna (definite genitive plural)

From Latin comma (“a comma”), from Ancient Greek κόμμᾰ (kómma).


komma

head

komma f (genitive singular kommu, nominative plural kommur)

kommu (genitive singular)
kommur (nominative plural)
komma (indefinite nominative singular)
komman (definite nominative singular)
kommur (indefinite nominative plural)
kommurnar (definite nominative plural)
kommu (accusative indefinite singular)
kommuna (accusative definite singular)
kommur (accusative indefinite plural)
kommurnar (accusative definite plural)
kommu (dative indefinite singular)
kommunni (dative definite singular)
kommum (dative indefinite plural)
kommunum (dative definite plural)
kommu (genitive indefinite singular)
kommunnar (definite genitive singular)
komma (genitive indefinite plural)
kommanna (definite genitive plural)


komma

komma n (definite singular kommaet, indefinite plural komma or kommaer, definite plural kommaene)

kommaet (definite singular)
komma (indefinite plural)
kommaer (indefinite plural)
kommaene (definite plural)


komma

nn-verb

komma (present tense kjem, past tense kom, past participle komme, passive infinitive kommast, present participle kommande, imperative kom)

kjem (present)
kom (past)
komme (participle past)
kommast (infinitive passive)
kommande (participle present)
kom (imperative)


komma

komma (indefinite nominative singular)
kommat (definite nominative singular)
komman (indefinite nominative plural)
kommana (definite nominative plural)
kommas (genitive indefinite singular)
kommats (definite genitive singular)
kommans (genitive indefinite plural)
kommanas (definite genitive plural)

From Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma), from κόπτω (kóptō, “I cut”).


Visual rendering of Morse code for С. (Cyrillic)


The danda, a punctuation mark of many Indic scripts, equivalent to the English period (.).


krampo

eo-head

krampo (accusative singular krampon, plural krampoj, accusative plural krampojn)

krampon (accusative singular)
krampoj (plural)
krampojn (accusative plural)

From French crampe and German Krampe, both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp; clasp”). Compare Portuguese grampo. Doublet of kramfo.


apologetic apostrophe

en-noun

apologetic apostrophe (plural apologetic apostrophes)

While not all agreements were carried out as planned, what this attempt at consistency achieved in Smith's case was to give his poetry the appearance of a distinctive literary language, related to English, but having its own identity and forms, and without the distraction for the reader of the apologetic apostrophes.

2009, Margery Palmer McCulloch, Scottish Modernism and Its Contexts 1918-1959

(sociolinguistics, orthography) An apostrophe added to a Scots word in order to give the appearance that it is a contraction of an English word.


angle bracket

Any of a number of angle-shaped brackets.

(typography) Either of a pair of symbols, 〈 〉, used in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean punctuation.


ฯ

ไปยาลน้อย ไปยาลน้อย#Thai

เปยยาลน้อย เปยยาลน้อย#Thai

an abbreviation marker (named ไปยาลน้อย or เปยยาลน้อย).


نقطة مزدوجة

ar-noun

نُقْطَة مُزْدَوِجَة

نُقَط مُزْدَوِجَة

نِقَاط مُزْدَوِجَة

نُقْطَة مُزْدَوِجَة • (nuqṭa muzdawija) f (plural نُقَط مُزْدَوِجَة (nuqaṭ muzdawija) or نِقَاط مُزْدَوِجَة (niqāṭ muzdawija))

نُقْطَة مُزْدَوِجَة (canonical)
nuqṭa muzdawija (romanization)
نُقَط مُزْدَوِجَة (plural)
نِقَاط مُزْدَوِجَة (plural)
نُقْطَة مُزْدَوِجَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
النُّقْطَة الْمُزْدَوِجَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
نُقْطَة ... الْمُزْدَوِجَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
نُقْطَةٌ مُزْدَوِجَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
النُّقْطَةُ الْمُزْدَوِجَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
نُقْطَةُ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
نُقْطَةً مُزْدَوِجَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
النُّقْطَةَ الْمُزْدَوِجَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
نُقْطَةَ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
نُقْطَةٍ مُزْدَوِجَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
النُّقْطَةِ الْمُزْدَوِجَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
نُقْطَةِ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَيْن مُزْدَوِجَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
النُّقْطَتَيْن الْمُزْدَوِجَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَيْ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَتَيْن (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَانِ مُزْدَوِجَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
النُّقْطَتَانِ الْمُزْدَوِجَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَا ... الْمُزْدَوِجَتَانِ (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَيْنِ مُزْدَوِجَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
النُّقْطَتَيْنِ الْمُزْدَوِجَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَيْ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَيْنِ مُزْدَوِجَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
النُّقْطَتَيْنِ الْمُزْدَوِجَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
نُقْطَتَيْ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
نُقَط مُزْدَوِجَة (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
نِقَاط مُزْدَوِجَة (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
النُّقَط الْمُزْدَوِجَة (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
النِّقَاط الْمُزْدَوِجَة (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
نُقَط ... الْمُزْدَوِجَة (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
نِقَاط ... الْمُزْدَوِجَة (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
نُقَطٌ مُزْدَوِجَةٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
نِقَاطٌ مُزْدَوِجَةٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
النُّقَطُ الْمُزْدَوِجَةُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
النِّقَاطُ الْمُزْدَوِجَةُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
نُقَطُ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
نِقَاطُ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
نُقَطًا مُزْدَوِجَةً (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
نِقَاطًا مُزْدَوِجَةً (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
النُّقَطَ الْمُزْدَوِجَةَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
النِّقَاطَ الْمُزْدَوِجَةَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
نُقَطَ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
نِقَاطَ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
نُقَطٍ مُزْدَوِجَةٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
نِقَاطٍ مُزْدَوِجَةٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
النُّقَطِ الْمُزْدَوِجَةِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
النِّقَاطِ الْمُزْدَوِجَةِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
نُقَطِ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
نِقَاطِ ... الْمُزْدَوِجَةِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)


cometa

quotation mark (one of the symbols ', ", «, or »)


բութ

head

բութ • (butʻ)

hy-noun

բութ • (butʻ)

butʻ (romanization)
բութ (nominative singular)
բութեր (nominative plural)
բութի (dative singular)
բութերի (dative plural)
բութից (ablative singular)
բութերից (ablative plural)
բութով (instrumental singular)
բութերով (instrumental plural)
բութում (locative singular)
բութերում (locative plural)
բութը (definite nominative singular)
բութն (definite nominative singular)
բութերը (definite nominative plural)
բութերն (definite nominative plural)
բութին (dative definite singular)
բութերին (dative definite plural)
բութս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
բութերս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
բութիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
բութերիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
բութիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
բութերիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
բութովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
բութերովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
բութումս (first-person locative possessive singular)
բութերումս (first-person locative plural possessive)
բութդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
բութերդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
բութիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
բութերիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
բութիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
բութերիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
բութովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
բութերովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)
բութումդ (locative possessive second-person singular)
բութերումդ (locative plural possessive second-person)
բութ (nominative singular)
բթեր (nominative plural)
բթի (dative singular)
բթերի (dative plural)
բթից (ablative singular)
բթերից (ablative plural)
բթով (instrumental singular)
բթերով (instrumental plural)
բթում (locative singular)
բթերում (locative plural)
բութը (definite nominative singular)
բութն (definite nominative singular)
բթերը (definite nominative plural)
բթերն (definite nominative plural)
բթին (dative definite singular)
բթերին (dative definite plural)
բութս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
բթերս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
բթիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
բթերիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
բթիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
բթերիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
բթովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
բթերովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
բթումս (first-person locative possessive singular)
բթերումս (first-person locative plural possessive)
բութդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
բթերդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
բթիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
բթերիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
բթիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
բթերիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
բթովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
բթերովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)
բթումդ (locative possessive second-person singular)
բթերումդ (locative plural possessive second-person)

hy-decl-noun

բութերը/բութերն

ստորակետ ստորակետ#Armenian

միջակետ միջակետ#Armenian

վերջակետ վերջակետ#Armenian

The ՝ sign, also called Armenian comma, which is used in Armenian to indicate a pause longer than a ստորակետ (storaket, “comma”) and shorter than a միջակետ (miǰaket) or վերջակետ (verǰaket, “period/full stop”).


բութ

head

բութ • (butʻ)

xcl-noun

բութ • (butʻ)

butʻ (romanization)
բութ (nominative singular)
բութք (nominative plural)
բթի (genitive singular)
բթից (genitive plural)
բթի (dative singular)
բթից (dative plural)
բութ (accusative singular)
բութս (accusative plural)
բթէ (ablative singular)
բթից (ablative plural)
բթիւ (instrumental singular)
բթիւք (instrumental plural)
բթի (locative singular)
բութս (locative plural)

Armenian: բութ (butʻ)

Ačaṙyan derives from Proto-Indo-European *bʰut-, with cognates only in Germanic: Dutch bot, Danish but, Low German butt (“blunt, clumsy”), etc. For the Germanic cognates see *buttaz.

the ՝ punctuation mark, also called Armenian grave accent


Inčʻpes es:

Mitʻe:

պարույկ պարույկ#Armenian

Armenian question mark. It is placed on the stressed vowel of the word in question rather than at the end of the sentence as in English. Called պարույկ (paruyk) in Armenian.


arrobe

Borrowed from Spanish arroba, an old weight unit.


(informal) An emoticon indicating a singsong tone of voice or playful attitude.


(typography) May be, or form part of, a leader: a series of dots used as a visual aid to connect items in lists, such as chapter headers to page numbers in a table of contents.


The raised point, used like a semicolon.


巴拉克·奧巴馬／巴拉克·奥巴马 ― Bālākè Àobāmǎ ― Barack Obama

Separates first and last names in personal names transcribed into Chinese characters.


étudiant·es

étudiant·e·s

(neologism, often proscribed) Used in certain forms of gender-neutral writing either before or around the feminine suffix, to avoid both the use of the masculine as the default form and the verbosity of writing out both the masculine and feminine forms.


άνω τελεία
άνω τελεία#Greek

(grammar) raised point (άνω τελεία (áno teleía)) or Greek semicolon ( ; ))


Alternative form of ⸱, the word divider.


tiret

→ Persian: خط تیره

→ Russian: тире́ (tiré)

→ Turkish: tire


virgola

Borrowed from Latin virgula. Doublet of vergola, which was inherited.


(lexicography) used to separate furigana from okurigana when giving kanji readings in some dictionaries


ideographic full stop
ideographic full stop


A separator in the form of a small circle called 句號／句号 (jùhào), found in texts from the Song dynasty. It is used as a period in Chinese.

zh-l

句號／句号 (jùhào)

. (full stop or period, marking the end of a sentence)


izostavnik

sh-noun

izòstavnik m (Cyrillic spelling изо̀ставник)

izòstavnik (canonical masculine)
изо̀ставник (Cyrillic)
izostavnik (nominative singular)
izostavnici (nominative plural)
izostavnika (genitive singular)
izostavnika (genitive plural)
izostavniku (dative singular)
izostavnicima (dative plural)
izostavnik (accusative singular)
izostavnike (accusative plural)
izostavniče (singular vocative)
izostavnici (plural vocative)
izostavniku (locative singular)
izostavnicima (locative plural)
izostavnikom (instrumental singular)
izostavnicima (instrumental plural)


(stenoscript) a period / full stop [a simple dot has other uses]


Coordinate term: 。


apostrof

az-noun

apostrof (definite accusative apostrofu, plural apostroflar)

apostrofu (accusative definite)
apostroflar (plural)
apostrof (nominative singular)
apostroflar (nominative plural)
apostrofu (accusative definite singular)
apostrofları (accusative definite plural)
apostrofa (dative singular)
apostroflara (dative plural)
apostrofda (locative singular)
apostroflarda (locative plural)
apostrofdan (ablative singular)
apostroflardan (ablative plural)
apostrofun (definite genitive singular)
apostrofların (definite genitive plural)
apostrofum (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
apostroflarım (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
apostrofun (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
apostrofların (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
apostrofu (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
apostrofları (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuz (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
apostroflarımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
apostrofunuz (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
apostroflarınız (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
apostrofu (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostrofları (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostrofları (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
apostrofumu (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
apostroflarımı (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
apostrofunu (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarını (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
apostrofunu (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarını (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzu (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
apostroflarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
apostrofunuzu (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızı (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
apostrofunu (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarını (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
apostrofuma (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
apostroflarıma (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
apostrofuna (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarına (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
apostrofuna (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarına (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuza (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
apostroflarımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
apostrofunuza (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
apostroflarınıza (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
apostrofuna (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarına (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
apostrofumda (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
apostroflarımda (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
apostrofunda (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarında (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
apostrofunda (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarında (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzda (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
apostroflarımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
apostrofunuzda (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızda (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
apostrofunda (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarında (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
apostrofumdan (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
apostroflarımdan (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
apostrofundan (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarından (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
apostrofundan (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarından (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
apostroflarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
apostrofunuzdan (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızdan (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
apostrofundan (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarından (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
apostrofumun (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
apostroflarımın (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
apostrofunun (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarının (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
apostrofunun (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarının (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzun (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
apostroflarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
apostrofunuzun (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızın (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
apostrofunun (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
apostroflarının (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Russian апостроф (apostrof), from French apostrophe, from Latin apostrophus, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”).

der

(orthography) apostrophe (the character ’)


apostrof

apostrof (nominative singular)
apostrofy (nominative plural)
apostrofu (genitive singular)
apostrofů (genitive plural)
apostrofu (dative singular)
apostrofům (dative plural)
apostrof (accusative singular)
apostrofy (accusative plural)
apostrofe (singular vocative)
apostrofy (plural vocative)
apostrofu (locative singular)
apostrofech (locative plural)
apostrofem (instrumental singular)
apostrofy (instrumental plural)


apostrof

nl-noun

apostrof f or m (plural apostrofs or apostroffen, diminutive apostrofje n)

apostrofs (plural)
apostroffen (plural)
apostrofje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: apostrof

→ Papiamentu: apostròf

Borrowed from Middle French apostrophe, from Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos).


apostrof

apostrofen (definite singular)
apostrofer (indefinite plural)
apostrofene (definite plural)

From Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos).


apostrof

apostrofen (definite singular)
apostrofar (indefinite plural)
apostrofane (definite plural)


apostrof

apostrof (nominative singular)
apostrofy (nominative plural)
apostrofu (genitive singular)
apostrofów (genitive plural)
apostrofowi (dative singular)
apostrofom (dative plural)
apostrof (accusative singular)
apostrofy (accusative plural)
apostrofem (instrumental singular)
apostrofami (instrumental plural)
apostrofie (locative singular)
apostrofach (locative plural)
apostrofie (singular vocative)
apostrofy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos). Doublet of apostrofa.

lbor

(orthography) apostrophe (the text character ’)


apostrof

apostrofu (accusative definite)
apostroflar (plural)
apostrof (nominative singular)
apostroflar (nominative plural)
apostrofu (accusative definite singular)
apostrofları (accusative definite plural)
apostrofa (dative singular)
apostroflara (dative plural)
apostrofta (locative singular)
apostroflarda (locative plural)
apostroftan (ablative singular)
apostroflardan (ablative plural)
apostrofun (genitive singular)
apostrofların (genitive plural)

From French apostrophe, from Latin apostrophus.


кома

uk-noun

ко́ма • (kóma) f inan (genitive ко́ми, uncountable)

ко́ма (canonical)
kóma (romanization)
ко́ми (genitive)
ко́ма (nominative singular)
ко́ми (genitive singular)
ко́мі (dative singular)
ко́му (accusative singular)
ко́мою (instrumental singular)
ко́мі (locative singular)
ко́мо (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).