nativitas

la-noun

nātīvitās f (genitive nātīvitātis); third declension

nātīvitās (canonical feminine)
nātīvitātis (genitive)
nātīvitās (nominative singular)
nātīvitātēs (nominative plural)
nātīvitātis (genitive singular)
nātīvitātum (genitive plural)
nātīvitātī (dative singular)
nātīvitātibus (dative plural)
nātīvitātem (accusative singular)
nātīvitātēs (accusative plural)
nātīvitāte (ablative singular)
nātīvitātibus (ablative plural)
nātīvitās (singular vocative)
nātīvitātēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: nativitat, Nativitat

English: nativity, Nativity

French: nativité, Nativité

Italian: natività, Natività

Portuguese: natividade, Natividade

Romanian: nativitate

Spanish: natividad, Navidad

[näːˈt̪iːu̯ɪt̪äːs̠]

From Proto-Italic *gnātīwitāts. Equivalent to nātīvus (“native, natural”) + -tās, from nāscor (“I am born”).

Christmastide, Christmas season, the Twelve Days of Christmas: the season or time between Christmas Day and the Epiphany


Kris Kringle

/ˌkɹɪs ˈkɹɪŋɡ(ə)l/

Borrowed in a modified form from Pennsylvania German Christ-kinkle, from German Christkindl (“(dialectal diminutive) Christ Child”), Christkind (“Christ Child”), from Christ (“Christ”) + Kindl (dialectal diminutive), Kind (“child”).

der

Now is not "Kriss Kingle" a nice, fat, good-humored looking man. See how eagerly those little boys embrace him, hoping that he will give them some nice little present or other. Mr. "Kriss Kingle" loves good little boys and girls, and if they behave and mind what their parents tell them, they may rest assured that he will pay them a visit, and leave them something nice, as a reward for their good behaviour.

1842, “Introduction”, in Saint Nicholas’s Book for All Good Boys and Girls, Philadelphia, Pa.: Thomas, Cowperthwait & Co., →OCLC; quoted in Alfred L[ewis] Shoemaker, “[Woodstove Christmases] Christ-Kindel to Kriss Kringle”, in Christmas in Pennsylvania, 50th anniversary edition, Lanham, Md.: Globe Pequot Press, 2009, →ISBN, page 60:

The practice of hanging up stockings in the chimney corner for Kriss Kringle to fill with toys, pretty books, bon-bons, &c., for good children, is being superseded by that of placing a Christmas Tree on the table to await the annual visit of the worthy Santa Klaus.

1847, “Advertisement”, in Kriss Kringle’s Christmas Tree. A Holiday Present for Boys and Girls, Philadelphia, Pa.: Published by Grigg & Elliot, →OCLC:

In the New-Year's days of "the winters long ago," many was the romp I had with little Fanny. Gay and ringing—clear as bells of silver—was her New-Year laugh, as she peered into her stocking, in the early morning, and found the hundred beloved knickknackeries that the fabled Kris Kringle used to put there—so fond of the dear little creature was this bearded old friend of infancy.

1853 February, P. L., “Home and Its Recollections”, in D[avis] W[asgatt] Clark, editor, The Ladies’ Repository: A Monthly Periodical, Devoted to Literature and Religion, volume XIII, Cincinnati, Oh.: L. Swormstedt and A. Poe; […], →OCLC, page 74, column 2:

What if that other room, also, had its Christmas tree? What if in every room these evidences of Kriss Kringle’s more enterprising handiwork had already been obtruded?

1878, Leonard Kip, “St. Nicholas and the Gnome”, in Hannibal’s Man and Other Tales. The Argus Christmas Stories, Albany, N.Y.: The Argus Company, printers, →OCLC, chapter III, page 331:

"The symbolic figure of Santa Claus, St. Nicholas, or Kris Kringle," he began, "represents a classic expression of the wishful dreaming of all children. He is the omnipotent Giver, the generous Father. Mature adults who seek to perpetrate this myth reveal themselves as incomplete and neurotic personalities. They are clinging to infantile fantasies and show themselves unable to face reality."

1947, Valentine Davies, chapter 10, in Miracle on 34th Street, New York, N.Y.: Harcourt, Brace and Company, →OCLC, page 63:

In Germany, Santa has long been known as "Kriss Kringel" (derived from Christ Child). In America, the name is still used by the Pennsylvania Dutch.

1976, Good Housekeeping, volume 183, New York, N.Y.: Hearst Magazines, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 76:

“I find it appalling that Kriss Kringel’s brother could be so cold-hearted about Christmas,” said Bartoli.

2000, E[ugene] F[orrest] Shelby, “The Antisanta”, in Gothic Alaskan and Other Stories: Bad Horror from the Dark Subcontinent, Lincoln, Neb.: Writers Club Press, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 198:

Standing in the reception was a tall older man with a big bushy white beard that looked exactly like Kris Kringel in Miracle on 42nd Street.^([sic – meaning Miracle on 34th Street])

2004, Ballooning, volume 37, San Luis Obispo, Calif.: Balloon Federation of America, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 26:

The mall is brimming over with Christmas spirit. There are forty Santas—short ones, tall ones, smiling ones, and grouchy ones. [...] It's full of crisp jingles and Kris Kringles—and it's only November. Christmas seems to come earlier and earlier every year.

2006, Mike Thaler, “Deck the Mall”, in The Christmas Party from the Black Lagoon (Black Lagoon Adventures; 9), New York, N.Y.: Scholastic, →ISBN, page 16:

[T]he two fat and jolly voice actors, both with beards and beer bellies, sitting on the edge of the fragile wooden stools, miked up and ready-to-go, looking over the script like a pair of disparaging Kris Kringles; [...]

2009 June 19, Tony Esposito, chapter 18, in Don’t Ever Leave This Country, Bloomington, Ind.: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 116:


Quadragesima

/ˌkwɒdɹəˈdʒɛsɪmə/

From Latin Quadrāgēsima (“Lent”), from feminine substantive use of quadrāgēsimus (“fortieth”), from the 40 days between Ash Wednesday and Easter using inclusive counting and excluding Sundays.


Navidad

head

Navidad f (plural Navidades, generally capitalized)

[na.β̞iˈð̞að̞]

Inherited from Old Spanish nauidat, naduidad, from Latin nātīvitātem (“birth”), from nātīvus, from perfect passive participle nātus (“born”), from deponent verb nāsci (“be born”). Doublet of natividad.

Christmas; the feast day celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ

el Fantasma de las Navidades Pasadas

(sometimes used in the plural) Christmastide, Christmas time, Christmas season, the time between the first day of Christmas and Epiphany


Saint Nicholas

No more passion play / On St. Nicholas avenue / I believe in St. Nicholas / It's a different type of Santa Claus

2004, “Good Friday”, in La maison de mon rêve, performed by Cocorosie:

Santa Claus; a figure derived from traditions surrounding the historical Saint Nicholas who is said to bring Christmas presents to children on Christmas Day.


Twelve Days of Christmas

The Twelve Days of Christmas (canonical)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Twelve Days of Christmas.wav

The season or time made up of the twelve days between Christmas and Epiphany; Christmas season, Christmas time, Christmastide, Twelvetide. The Christmas season traditionally ended with the feast of the Epiphany on January 6.

the season or time made up of the twelve days between Christmas and Epiphany

اِثْنَا عَشَر يَوْمَا مِن عِيد الْمِيلَاد

བཅུ་གཉིས་ཉི་མའི་ཡེ་ཤུའི་འཁྲུངས་སྐར།

bcu gnyis nyi ma'i ye shu'i 'khrungs skar

An 18th-century English Christmas carol which describes a series of successively grand gifts given on each of the twelve days of Christmas.


-mas

From Middle English -masse, -messe, from Old English -mæsse, the second element in several ritual and holiday names (e.g. Candelmæsse, Cristes mæsse, hlāfmæsse, etc.), from Old English mæsse (“the mass, church festival”). Compare Dutch mis, German Messe, Danish messe, Swedish mässa, Icelandic messa.


グレゴリオ暦

グレゴリオ暦 (canonical)
Guregorio-reki (romanization)

[ɡɯ̟ɾe̞ɡo̞ɾʲio̞ɾe̞kʲi]

グレゴリオ (Guregorio, “Gregory”) + 暦 (-reki, “calendar”)

suf

グレゴリオ暦は現在、世界各国で使われている暦法です。

Guregorio-reki wa genzai, sekai kakkoku de tsukawarete iru rekihō desu.

The Gregorian calendar is the calendar system used by every country in the modern world.


Candlemas

From Middle English Candelmasse, from Old English Candelmæsse, equivalent to candle + -mas, following the tradition that the candles to be used in church during the following year are blessed on this day. Compare Old Norse kyndilsmessa (“Candlemas”).

To make Capons […] [S]ome for this Purpoſe make it their Buſineſs after Harveſt-time to go to Markets for buying up Chickens, and between Michaelmas and All-hollantide caponize the Cocks, when they have got large enough to have Stones [i.e., testes] of ſuch a Bigneſs that they may be pulled out; for if they are too little, it can't be done; […] [M]aking a Cut here big enough to put her Finger in, which ſhe thruſts under the Guts, and with it rakes or tears out the Stone that lies neareſt to it. This done, ſhe performs the very ſame Operation on the other Side of the Cock's Body, and there takes out the other Stone; then ſhe ſtitches up the Wounds, and lets the Fowl go about as at other Times, till the Capon is fatted in a Coup, which is commonly done from Chriſtmas to Candlemas, and after.

1750, W[illiam] Ellis, The Country Housewife's Family Companion: Or Profitable Directions for Whatever Relates to the Management and Good Œconomy of the Domestick Concerns of a Country Life, According to the Present Practice of the Country Gentleman's, the Yeoman's, the Farmer's, &c. Wives, in the Counties of Hertford, Bucks, and Other Parts of England: Shewing how Great Savings may be Made in Housekeeping: … With Variety of Curious Matters … The Whole Founded on Near Thirty Years Experience, London: Printed for James Hodges, at the Looking-glass, facing St. Magnus Church, London-Bridge; and B. Collins, bookseller, at Salisbury, →OCLC, page 157:

They held high holiday from Christmas-day until Candlemas (February 2nd ), […]

1890, Algernon Blackwood, Christmas in England, Methodist Magazine Volume 32 1890 pg481

The festival in the Christian year celebrated on February 2nd. It commemorates the purification of the Virgin Mary and the presentation of the infant Jesus in the Temple.


Kwanzaa

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Kwanzaa.wav

Coined by Maulana Karenga from the Swahili phrase matunda ya kwanza (“first fruits”). The additional “a” was added to “Kwanza” so that the word would have seven letters, one for each of the Seven Principles of Blackness.

On Tuesday night at the Club Serene in Brooklyn, Mayor Koch proclaimed Kwanzaa Week in New York. Then he told the crowd of about 400 that he had practiced his Swahili in order to pronounce correctly such exotic-sounding words as kujichagulia (self-determination), ujamaa (cooperative economics) and imani (faith), the theme of Kwanzaa '83.

1983 December 30, Ron Alexander, “The Evening Hours”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, page B7:

But now, WASP's want their place in the multicultural sun. Social rituals are social rituals. If there is Kwanzaa, why not cotillions?

1997 January 5, Maureen Dowd, “WASP's Bite Back”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Spying a way to use her son’s enthusiasm for video games to teach him about investing, Jaydyn’s mother, Nina Carr, decided to invest in 10 shares of GameStop at $6.19 a share for a Kwanzaa gift.

2021 January 30, Christina Morales, “A 10-Year-Old GameStop Investor Cashed In. His Return? Over 5,000%”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A week-long African-American cultural holiday held between December 26 and January 1.


Pâques

From Old French pasques, pasches, from Latin pascha, from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha).

Pâques Martine—guerre, peste, ou famine.

1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore, page 532:

Easter in March forebodes war, pestilence, or famine.


Sretan Božić

sh-phrase

Sretan Božić (Cyrillic spelling Сретан Божић)

Сретан Божић (Cyrillic)


pasko

From Spanish pascua, from Vulgar Latin pascua, from Latin pascha, from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פסחא (paskha), from Hebrew פסח (pesakh).

der

(marketing, retailing) the Christmas season


pasko

eo-head

pasko (accusative singular paskon, plural paskoj, accusative plural paskojn)

paskon (accusative singular)
paskoj (plural)
paskojn (accusative plural)

From Latin pascha, from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha), from Aramaic פסחא (pasḥa), from Hebrew פסח. Doublet of Pesaĥo. Compare French Pâques.

La “letero al diplomatio”, skribita dum la pasko 1915, estis lia cigno-kanto.

c. 1929, Ernest Drezen, “Lasta tragedio de Zamenhof”, in Zamenhof, Omnibus Typografi, published 2000, →ISBN, page 24:

Resurekto kaj pasko estas la plej gravaj okazintaĵoj en la ortodoksa kredo, sed ĉe Tolstoj ne temas pri tiu resurekto aŭ iu transmonda miraklo.

2000, Wolfgang Kirschstein, “Tolstoj instigas ankoraŭ hodiaŭ”, in La Ondo de Esperanto, volume 11, number 73, archived from the original on 2013-05-11:


رمضان

head

رَمْضانُ • (ramzānu) m (Devanagari रमज़ानु)

رَمْضانُ (canonical)
ramzānu (romanization)
रमज़ानु (Devanagari)

Borrowed from Classical Persian رمضان (ramazān), from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).


رمضان

ur-proper noun

رَمَضان • (ramazān) m (Hindi spelling रमज़ान)

رَمَضان (canonical)
ramazān (romanization)
रमज़ान (Hindi)

desc

→ Kannada: ರಮ್ಜಾನ್ (ramjān), ರಂಜಾನ್ (rañjān)

→ Malayalam: റംസാൻ (ṟaṁsāṉ)

→ Tamil: ரம்சான் (ramcāṉ), ரம்ஜான் (ramjāṉ)

→ Telugu: రమ్జాన్ (ramjān), రంజాన్ (rañjān)

Borrowed from Classical Persian رمضان (ramazān, ramzān), from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).


Pentecost

→ Japanese: ペンテコステ (Pentekosuto)

→ Maori: Petekoha

From Middle English Pentecoste, from Old English Pentecosten, from Ecclesiastical Latin pentēcostē, ultimately from Ancient Greek πεντηκοστή (pentēkostḗ, “fiftieth”) in reference to the number of days. Cognate with pentecoster.

der

Spiritual profits, commonly called whitsun-farthings, ... offered at the time of pentecost.

1797, Richard Burn, Simon Fraser, Ecclesiastical Law:

Shavuot is linked to Passover in the same way that Pentecost is linked to Easter, by a period of seven weeks.

2005, Edward Kessler, Neil Wenborn, editors, A Dictionary of Jewish-Christian Relations:

The specific event which is commemorated at Pentecost is the coming of the Holy Spirit, which is described in the Acts of the Apostles.

2006, Alister E McGrath, Christianity: An Introduction:

The Christian festival (also known as Whitsun or Whitsunday), which commemorates the day of Pentecost.


Cupid

From Latin Cupīdō, personification of cupīdō (“desire, desire of love”), from cupidus (“eager, greedy, passionate”), from cupere (“to desire”).


stad

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) summer


Feast of Fools

(historical, in medieval Europe) A festival, based on the Roman Saturnalia, celebrated near Christmas.


Lord of Misrule

en-noun

Lord of Misrule (plural Lords of Misrule)

(in feudal Britain) A mock officer, appointed by lot, to preside over the Feast of Fools in a great household at Christmas.


Gregorian calendar

Named after Pope Gregory XIII who decreed it should be used.

The calendar currently used in the western world. It replaced the Julian calendar and was devised to halt the slow drift of the vernal equinox towards earlier in the year.


Saturnalia

Saturn was an ancient Italian deity. It was attempted to identify him with the Grecian god Cronos, and fabled that after his dethronement by Jupiter he fled to Italy, where he reigned during what was called the Golden Age. In memory of his beneficent dominion, the feast of Saturnalia was held every year in the winter season.

1913, Thomas Bulfinch, chapter 1, in The Age of Fable:

(historical) An Ancient Roman holiday honoring the deity Saturn.


Saturnalia

la-proper noun

Sāturnālia n pl (genitive Sāturnālium or Sāturnāliōrum); third declension

Sāturnālia (canonical neuter plural)
Sāturnālium (genitive)
Sāturnāliōrum (genitive)
Sāturnālia (nominative plural)
Sāturnālium (genitive plural)
Sāturnāliōrum (genitive plural)
Sāturnālibus (dative plural)
Sāturnālia (accusative plural)
Sāturnālibus (ablative plural)
Sāturnālia (plural vocative)

→ English: saturnalia, Saturnalia

[s̠äːt̪ʊrˈnäːlʲiä]

A festival of the winter solstice originally celebrated for three days beginning December 17th, but later extended to seven days.


winter solstice

en-noun

winter solstice (usually uncountable, plural winter solstices)

(astronomy) The moment when the Earth is in that point of its orbit where the northern or southern hemisphere is most inclined away from the sun.

зимно слънцестоене

the moment when the hemisphere is most inclined away from the sun


summer solstice

summer solstice (usually uncountable, plural summer solstices)

(astronomy) The moment when the Earth is in that point of its orbit where the northern or southern hemisphere is most inclined toward the sun.

الإنقِلَاب الصّيفِيّ

the moment when the hemisphere is most inclined toward the sun


jul

head

jul c (singular definite julen, plural indefinite jule)

julen (definite singular)
jule (indefinite plural)
jul (indefinite nominative singular)
julen (definite nominative singular)
jule (indefinite nominative plural)
julene (definite nominative plural)
juls (genitive indefinite singular)
julens (definite genitive singular)
jules (genitive indefinite plural)
julenes (definite genitive plural)

Norwegian Bokmål: jul

q

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: jul (partially from an earlier East Nordic borrowing)

→ German: Jul
→ Dutch: joel

⇒ German: Julfest
→ Dutch: joelfeest

→ Greenlandic: juulli

From Old Norse jól, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą, *jeulō.

(Christianity) Christmas (the time around 25 December)


jul

jula (definite singular)
julen (definite singular)
juler (indefinite plural)
julene (definite plural)


jul

jula (definite singular)
juler (indefinite plural)
julene (definite plural)

As a written form borrowed from Norwegian Bokmål jul, from Danish jul, from Old East Norse iūl. Also through the spoken language as an earlier East Nordic loan. Cognate with Old West Norse jól, compare jol. Akin to English Yule.


jul

From Old Swedish iūl, from Old Norse jól, from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą. First attested in the late 13th century.
Cognate with English Yule, Danish jul, Estonian jõulud, Finnish joulu, Faroese jól, Icelandic jól, Norwegian jul, and Scots Yule.

Fjorton dagar före Jul friade pastorn till den blonda och fick nej!

1877, August Strindberg, Från Fjerdingen och Svartbäcken, page 8:

Fourteen days before Christmas, the pastor proposed to the blonde and got a no!

När nätterna blir långa och kölden sätter in, tar mamma mus och samlar hela barnaskaran sin. Hon visar sen på fällan: "Akta er för den, så får vi allesammans fira jul igen." Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]! Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]!

1946, “Mössens julafton (När nätterna blir långa) [The mice's Christmas Eve (When the nights get long)]”, Ulf Peder Olrog (lyrics), Alf Prøysen (music):

When the nights get long and the cold sets in, then mother mouse goes and gathers her whole group of children. She then points [directs, more generally] to the trap: "Beware of that one, and we will all get to celebrate Christmas again." Hidy howdy, fallerallera [expression of exhilaration, often in song], when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy! Hidy howdy, fallerallera, when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy!

Julen är här och lyser frid på jorden. Glädjen är stor. I ett barns klara ögon bor den. Julen är här i våra mörka länder. Kom, låt oss ta varandras händer när julen är här.

1989, Billy Butt, Sölve Rydell (lyrics and music), “Julen är här [["The" – idiomatic] Christmas is here]”, in Julen är här, performed by Tommy Körberg ft. Sissel Kyrkjebø:

[The] Christmas is here and shines peace [serenity, not absence of war] on Earth [perhaps in the sense of "and peace shines on Earth," though it would be as unusually worded in Swedish]. The joy is great. It lives in the bright [clear] eyes of a child. [The] Christmas is here in our dark countries. Come, let us join [take each other's] hands when [the] Christmas is here.

”Vi måste ju till exempel träffas i jul, det är ju en del av livet och det är viktigt för vårt välbefinnande att vi får träffa varandra, bara vi tänker på att inte smitta någon som är sårbar”, säger han [statsepidemiologen].

2023 December 11, Magnus Liljesköld, “Fortsatt ökad spridning av trippelsmittan väntas i jul [Continued increased spread of the triple infection is expected during Christmas.]”, in Sveriges Radio:

"We must, for example, meet during Christmas; it's a part of life and crucial for our well-being that we get to meet each other. We just need to be mindful not to infect anyone who is vulnerable," he [the state epidemiologist] says.

julbord

Christmas smorgasbord; see there for dishes

Kalle Anka

a Christmas TV special broadcast every Christmas Eve

uppesittarkväll

pre-Christmas special broadcast on December 23


eisteddfod

en-noun

eisteddfod (plural eisteddfods or eisteddfodau)

eisteddfods (plural)
eisteddfodau (plural)

Unadapted borrowing from Welsh eisteddfod (“session”), from eistedd (“to sit”) + bod (“to be”), literally “being sitting”.

affix

Any of several annual festivals in which Welsh poets, dancers, and musicians compete for recognition.


eisteddfod

eisteddfodau (plural)
eisteddfod
heisteddfod (prothesis-h)

From eistedd (“sitting”) + bod (“being”).


nov

nov (nominative singular)
novy (nominative plural)
novu (genitive singular)
novů (genitive plural)
novu (dative singular)
novům (dative plural)
nov (accusative singular)
novy (accusative plural)
nove (singular vocative)
novy (plural vocative)
nově (locative singular)
novu (locative singular)
novech (locative plural)
novem (instrumental singular)
novy (instrumental plural)


Natale

From Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).

inh

a male given name. The masculine form of Natalia


gui

Inherited from Middle French guy, from Old French guy, from Latin viscum, influenced by Frankish *wīhsila.


tinsel

en-noun

tinsel (usually uncountable, plural tinsels)

The noun is derived from Middle English tinsel (“cloth containing gold or silver thread”) [and other forms], probably from Anglo-Norman tincel, tincelle, tencele, and then:
* from Old French estincelle, estencele (“a spark”) (modern French étincelle), from Vulgar Latin *stincilla, a metathesis of Latin scintilla (“a glimmer; a spark”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“to shimmer, shine”); and
* from Old French estincelé, the past participle of estinceler, estenceler (“to produce sparks”) (modern French étinceler (“to sparkle, twinkle; (archaic) to produce sparks”)), from Vulgar Latin *stincillāre, a metathesis of Latin scintillāre, the present active infinitive of scintillō (“to scintillate, sparkle”), from scintilla (“a glimmer; a spark”) (see above) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).
The English word is a doublet of scintilla, scintillate, and stencil.
The adjective is from an attributive use of the noun; while the verb is derived from the noun.

doublet

O! it is divine and moſt admirable, and ſo farre beyond all that ever he publiſhed heretofore, as day-light beyond candle-light, or tinſell or leafe-gold above arſedine; […]

1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 44:

A tawdry scarf of yellow silk, trimmed with tinsel and spangles, which had seen as hard service, and boasted as honourable a transmission, was next flung over one shoulder, and fell across her person in the manner of a shoulder-belt or baldrick.

1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume III, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 153:

He stood transfixed before the unaccustomed view of London at night time, a vast panorama which reminded him not so much of the aerial photographs of today but rather of some wood engravings far off and magical, in a printshop in his childhood. They dated from the previous century and were coarsely printed on tinted paper, with tinsel outlining the design.

1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword: The Turk Street Mile”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 11:

A thin, shiny foil for ornamental purposes which is of a material made of metal or resembling metal; especially, narrow glittering strips of such a material, often strung on to thread, and traditionally at Christmastime draped on Christmas trees, hung from balustrades or ceilings, or wrapped around objects as a decoration.

փայլազարդ

very thin decorative strips of a glittering, metallic material, often strung on to thread


dog days

en-noun

dog days pl (normally plural, singular dog day)

Calque of Latin diēs caniculārēs (“puppy days”), a calque of Ancient Greek κυνάδες ἡμέραι (kunádes hēmérai, “dog days”), from κυνάς (kunás, “of or related to dogs”), from Κῠ́ων (Kúōn, “the Dog”) in reference to the star Sirius, which appears in Homeric Greek as "Orion's dog". The return of Sirius to the night sky (its heliacal rising), occurring in antiquity around July 25 (Athens) or 29 (Rome), was considered by the Greeks and Romans to herald what were considered the hottest, least healthy, and least lucky days of summer.

der

κυνάδες ἡμέραι

lang

κῠ́ων Ὠρίωνος

κῠ́ων Ὠρίωνος

κύν᾽ Ὠρίωνος

κύν᾽ Ὠρίωνος

... a sterre, wherof canicular or dogge days be named Dies caniculares.

1538, Thomas Elyot, “Canicula”, in The Dictionary of Syr Thomas Eliot:

Dog days bright and clear
Indicate a good year;
But when accompanied by rain,
We hope for better times in vain.

1883, H.H.C. Dunwoody, "Proverbs Relating to Months, Weeks, and Days" in Weather Proverbs, Signal Service Notes, No. IX, p. 98

(archaic) The days following the heliacal rising of Sirius, now in early August (Gregorian) at dates varying by latitude.

горещници

the days between early July and early September


Eid

From Arabic عِيد (ʕīd, “feast, holiday, festival”) via Persian عید ('eyd), ultimately from Classical Syriac ܥܐܕܐ.

bor

(Islam) Any of various Muslim religious festivals.


Eid

A parish of Stad, Nordfjord district, Sogn og Fjordane borough, Vestland, Vestlandet, Norway

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane#English

A parish of Rauma, Møre og Romsdal, Vestlandet, Norway


Eid

From Scots Eid, from Old Norse Eið, from eið (“isthmus”).

Synonym of Aith; A village in Mainland, Shetland, Northern Isles, Scotland, United Kingdom


ides

From Middle English ides, idus, from Anglo-Norman and Old French ides, from Latin īdūs, a fourth-declension plurale tantum, from the Latin practice of treating most recurring calendrical days as plurals. The Latin term is cognate with Oscan eiduis, both perhaps deriving from an unknown Etruscan term. Middle English and Old French also used the singular form ide.

Þa monðas þe habbað iiii nonas æfter kalendas... habbað to idus xiii dagas and to ii kalendas eahtatyne.
Those months that have 4 nones after the kalends... have 13 days to the ides and eighteen to the second kalends.

10th century, Byrhtferð of Ramsey, Enchiridion (Ashmolean MS 328), Book I, Chapter ii, Section 22

The Roman Month its several days divides
By reckoning backwards, Calends, Nones, and Ides.

1679, J. Moxon, Mathematics made Easie, page 26:

For the modern reader of Latin the most irritating pecularity of this system of dating is that the days after the Ides of any month carry the name of the following month... Another trap for the unwary lies in the fact that the Roman calendars given in most reference books are Julian, not pre-Julian. When Caesar added ten days to the Roman year he put them near the ends of the seven 29-day months, one or two in each. As a result, instead of the day after the Ides of all months being a.d. XVII Kal., in these seven months it is either a.d. XVIII Kal. or a.d. XIX Kal., and all the following days change correspondingly.

1967, Agnes Kirsopp Michels, Calendar of the Roman Republic, page 22:

[March, May, Quintilis, and October] also have their Nones on the seventh, as Numa ordained, because Julius changed nothing about them. As for January, Sextilis, and December, they still have their Nones on the fifth, though they began to have thirty-one days after Caesar added two days to each, and it is nineteen days from their Ides to the following Kalends, because in adding the two days Caesar did not want to insert them before either the Nones or the Ides, lest an unprecedented postponement mar religious observance associated with the Nones or Ides themselves, which have a fixed date.

2011, Robert A. Kaster trans. Macrobius, Saturnalia, Book I, Chapter xiv, Section 8

The third day before the ides of March is March 13th; the third ides of August is August 11th; and the third of the ides of November is November 11th.

(historical, often capitalized) The notional full-moon day of a Roman month, occurring on the 15th day of the four original 31-day months (March, May, Quintilis or July, and October) and on the 13th day of all other months.


Noel

From Middle English Nowel, borrowed from Old French Noel (“Christmas”), from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birth[day of the Lord]”). Doublet of natal.


Easter Monday

The Monday after Easter Sunday; a bank holiday in Britain and a holiday in many other places.


Eastertide

From Easter + -tide (“period surrounding a festival”).


Passion Sunday

From the Passion of Christ, the suffering of Jesus preceding and during his crucifixion, from passio (“suffering”).

near synonym: Sunday of Mary of Egypt, the fifth Sunday of Great Lent by the Byzantine Rite calendar

The fifth Sunday in Lent, the second Sunday before Easter, the first day in Passiontide.

peyak ayamihiwikîsikâw pamayes ka âpisisinokîsîkak

(rare, inexact) Synonym of Palm Sunday: the sixth Sunday in Lent, the Sunday before Easter, the mid-point of Passiontide.


Palm Sunday

From the palm fronds supposedly laid before Jesus during his entrance to Jerusalem preceding his crucifixion. Originally Old English Palmsunnandæg or palm-sunnandæg. The current spelling dates to the 17th century.

The sixth Sunday in Lent, the Sunday before Easter.

ܥܹܐܕܵܐ ܕܐܘܿܫܲܥܢܹ̈ܐ

ʿēdā d-ošaʿnē


carnival

→ Japanese: カーニバル (kānibaru)

From Middle French carnaval, from Italian carnevale, possibly from the Latin phrase carnem levāmen (“meat dismissal”). Other scholars suggest Latin carnuālia (“meat-based country feast”) or carrus nāvālis (“boat wagon; float”) instead. Doublet of carnaval.

Carnival of Brazil

Venice Carnival

Any of a number of festivals held just before the beginning of Lent.

antroxu

festival held just before the beginning of Lent


Easter Bunny

From Easter + bunny, calque of German Osterhase (literally “Easter hare”).

calque

An Easter Bunny Party

1905 April 20, Mary Dawson, “An Easter Bunny Party”, in Good Housekeeping, volume 40, page 461:

One day the old Easter Bunny looked out of his winter covert and Said to his Bunny-wife, who was busy coloring Easter eggs, “It is high time we set out to look for the Easter Lily.”

1915 April 1, The Christian Advocate, volume 90, page 438:

Soon I ran into two Easter Bunnies who gave me candy. Honest! All right, it was really two women wearing pink bunny hoods.

2005, Danie Martin, Always Another Mountain: A Woman Hiking the Appalachian Trail from Springer Mountain to Mount Katahdin, Virtualbookworm Publishing, →ISBN, page 35:

Yeah, remember? We’re Spies, we deal in fact, not chasing after Easter Bunnies.
Yeah, right. Wait the Easter Bunny’s missing? A-ha-ha! Just kidding, guys! I know the Easter Bunny is tucked away safe in his little toadstool house up in the fjords of British Columbia.

2006 March 16, Bryan Thompson, “I Want My Mummy”, in Totally Spies!, season 2, episode 2, spoken by Alexandra “Alex” (Jennifer Hale as Samantha “Sam” and Katie Leigh), Marathon Media, via Teletoon:

Easter Bunnies can be booked for businesses (such as Malls), for churches, for community Easter Egg Hunts or even as a preferred birthday party costume character for a birthday that falls close to Easter.

2014, Margy Johnson, Start Your Own Costume Character Business & Make Great Money Working at Home, Xlibris, →ISBN, page 73:

Some residents rotated decorations seasonally by displaying holiday wreaths in the winter and plastic Easter Bunnies and pinwheels in the spring.

2016, Kimberley Kinder, DIY Detroit: Making Do in a City without Services, University of Minnesota Press, →ISBN:

Two costumed Easter Bunnies, handing out plastic, candy-filled eggs and hugging children, hopped in our ranks.

2016, Richard J. Gonzales, “Conclusion”, in Raza Rising: Chicanos in North Texas, University of North Texas Press, →ISBN, page 287:

A symbolic rabbit sometimes depicted delivering Easter eggs to children.

Osterhaas

Symbolic rabbit sometimes depicted delivering Easter eggs to children


Whitsuntide

en-noun

Whitsuntide (countable and uncountable, plural Whitsuntides)

The third year he had a tailor staying with him before Whitsuntide, making new clothes for the holidays.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 158:

There are eight 4-wheel coaches of the open toastrack type, but provided with roofs, and during the holiday season, usually beginning at Whitsuntide, trains are run as required on the one-engine-in-steam principle.

1941 July, “The Isle of Man Railways”, in Railway Magazine, page 315:


Maundy Thursday

From Middle English Maunde Þursday (“Holy Thursday”), equivalent to maundy + Thursday. Middle English maundy derives from Old French mandé, from Latin mandātum, in reference to the phrase mandātum novum dō vōbīs (“a new commandment I give unto you”).

inh

The dialect name for Maundy Thursday, Grie(ner)-Durmerschdawg (Green Thursday, literally), is in very large part responsible for the basic lore that attaches to this day: One must eat something green on this day.[…]Failure to eat something green on Maundy Thursday had dire consequences, according to the folk mind: One would get the itch, one would become lousy, or as a York County informant put it, "Mer iss s gans yawr uff em aisel." (One will be a mule all year long.)

1960, Alfred Lewis Shoemaker, Eastertide in Pennsylvania: A Folk-Cultural Study, published 2000, page 13:

It is the tradition among Christians in Africa on Maundy Thursday that, before the sacrament of Holy Communion is served, worshipers move about the sanctuary and seek forgiveness from everyone they have hurt or offended or sinned against — known or unknown — in recent months.

2002, Steven Molin, Journey Of Stones: A Sermon Series For Lent And Easter, page 47:

Most Presbyterian churches have an evening service on Maundy Thursday that includes the celebration of the Lord's Supper.

2011, Donald K. McKim, More Presbyterian Questions, More Presbyterian Answers: Exploring Christian Faith, page 42:

The Thursday before Easter, which commemorates the Last Supper.


Whitsun

1909, Sidney Heath, Romance of Symbolism: Fonts and the symbols of baptism - The times [for baptism] of which Whitsun Eve is one, are specified by ... the constitutions for Orthobon for England, Gerona, 517, c. iv.

1978, Peter Bailey, Leisure and class in Victorian England: Rational recreation and the contest for control, quoting "a British observation from early 20th century", read in Orvar Löfgren, On Holiday: A History of Vacationing (2002) - The excursion train used to vomit forth, at Easter and in Whitsun week, throngs of millhands of the period, cads and their flames, tawdry, blowsy, noisy, drunken.


Whitsun

Of, or relating to Whitsunday or Whitsuntide


St. Patrick's Day

A Roman Catholic holiday commemorating Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland on 17ᵗʰ March.


St. George's Day

The saint's day of Saint George, the patron saint of England, celebrated on April 23ʳᵈ.


new moon

From Middle English newe moone, newe mone, equivalent to new + moon.

donkermaan

phase of moon when in conjunction with sun

Coordinate term: full moon

The phase of the moon when it is in conjunction with the sun and is therefore obscured.

Coordinate term: full moon

The moon when it is in conjunction with the sun.

Coordinate term: old moon

The phase of the moon when it is waxing.

Coordinate term: old moon

The day when the new moon is first seen or is expected to appear.


Easter egg

/ˈiː.stəɹ ˌɛɡ/

Adventure (1980 video game)#Easter_egg
Easter egg

From Easter + egg. Cognate with German Low German Ooosterei (“Easter egg”), Middle High German ōsterei ("Easter egg"; > modern German Osterei).
So called because eggs would be eaten during Easter to break the fasting during Lent. (No eggs, dairy, meat except fish, lard, or foods containing these ingredients could be eaten during Lent.)
The computing sense is from the early 1980s, popularized by the video game Adventure.

gloss

"Easter egg"; > modern German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Osterei</i>

Because eggs were inexpensive in most regions, the practice of decorating Easter eggs crossed all social classes and remained somewhat simple.

2009, Ace Collins, chapter 23, in Stories Behind the Traditions and Songs of Easter:

A dyed or decorated egg, traditionally associated with Easter and, in the Western European tradition, sometimes hidden for children to find.


full moon

From Middle English ful mone, from Old English full mōna, equivalent to full + moon.

The phase of the moon when it is in opposition to the sun and its full disc is therefore visible.

The moon when it is in opposition to the sun.


name day

In Italy, many individuals celebrate not only their birthday but also their name day, the feast day of the saint for whom they were named. Celebrations on one's name day are often as important as those on one's birthday; […]

2014, Ada Gobetti, Partisan Diary: A Woman's Life in the Italian Resistance, Oxford University Press, →ISBN:

The feast day of the saint after whom one is named.


sesquicentenary

From sesqui- (“one and a half”) + centenary (“100 year anniversary”).


Jewish calendar

(religion, Judaism) A lunisolar calendar used for Jewish religious observance and as an official calendar of the State of Israel.


Purim

pl-prop

Purim m inan (indeclinable, related adjective purimowy)

(Judaism) Purim (Jewish festival, celebrated on the 14th day of Adar, commemorating the deliverance of the Persian Jews from a complete massacre at the hand of Haman the Amalekite)


sesquicentennial

From sesqui- (“one-and-a-half”) + centennial (“of 100 years”). By surface analysis, sesqui- + cent- + -ennial.

surf

The city celebrated its sesquicentennial last year.


Whitsunday

Inherited from Middle English Whitsonday, from whit (“white”) + Sonday (“Sunday”), from Old English hwīt sunnandæg, probably from the white clothes worn by newly baptized Christians as Pentecost was a traditional date of baptism in early medieval England. Doublet of White Sunday.

inh+

Jesus, ascended into Heav'n again/Bestow'd this won'drous Gift upon good Men/That various Nations, by his Spirit led,/All understood what Galileans said.

1773, John Byrom, “On Whitsunday”, in Miscellaneous Poems:

An older name for this day [Pentecost] is Whitsunday, or “white Sunday,” named for the white garments worn by the newly baptised.

2004, Vicki K Black, Welcome to the Church Year: An Introduction to the Seasons of the Episcopal Church:

The Sunday of the feast of Pentecost, seven weeks after Easter


Whitsunday

Whitsunday Region, a local government area in northern Queensland, Australia.


god jul och gott nytt år

Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year


god jul

[ɡuʷː jʉʷːl]


Shrove Tuesday

The second element is Tuesday; the first element may be a reflex of Old English *scrāf “confession” (related to the modern verb shrive), from the medieval practice of priests hearing confessions on this day.

Coordinate term: Fat Thursday

Observe when the Moon is new in February, the next Tuesday after is Shrove-tuesday: but if it change on Tuesday, then the next Tuesday following is Shrove-tuesday

1712, Erra Pater, A Prognostication for Ever, Made by Erra Pater, page 7:

The day appointed for this extraordinary hunting-party was Shrove Tuesday. The Protestants of Paisley, in whose neighbourhood this story may be said to have originated, cannot discern the difference betwixt Shrove Tuesday and any other Tuesday; but if a Roman Catholic Princess, even in our free times, should be invited to a hunting-match on Shrove Tuesday, she would be shocked at the profane invitation.

1779, David Dalyrymple, Annals of Scotland From the Accenssion of Robert I, page 283:

The day before the beginning of Lent on Ash Wednesday.


fantasia

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-fantasia.wav

Borrowed from Italian fantasia (“imagination, fancy, fantasy; musical composition with improvisational characteristics”), from Latin phantasia (“fancy, fantasy; imagination”), borrowed from Ancient Greek φᾰντᾰσῐ́ᾱ (phantasíā, “appearance, look; display, presentation; pageantry, pomp; impression, perception; image”), from φᾰ́ντᾰσῐς (phántasis) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā, suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). Φᾰ́ντᾰσῐς (Phántasis) is derived from φᾰντᾰ́ζω (phantázō, “to make visible, show; to become visible, appear; to imagine”), from φαίνω (phaínō, “to appear; to reveal; to shine”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”). The English word is a doublet of fancy, fantasy, phantasia, and phantasy.

doublet

As for the wonderful feats of horsemanship one hears of or sees among the Arabs, they are due to sharp spurs like razors, and to bits strong enough to break an animal's jaw. [...] Their favourite feat at their fantasias or fêtes of suddenly pulling up their horses short while at hand-gallop, ruins their legs, and there is in consequence scarcely a horse to be seen whose hind-legs are not spavined.

1868, Mrs. H. Lloyd Evans, “Across the Atlas”, in Last Winter in Algeria, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 100:

These fantasias consist of sham fights, the men riding at full gallop at one another, and firing as they pass; the play might have ended more seriously than was intended, for one Spahi had unknowingly a ball in his rifle, which whizzed close to his enemy's head, but the man never winced, or took any more notice than if it had been blank cartridge, and the fantasia continued as before.

1875 February, “Biskra, in French Algeria, on the Verge of Sahara”, in Frank Leslie’s Pleasant Hours. Devoted to Light and Entertaining Literature, volume XVIII, number I, New York, N.Y.: Frank Leslie […], →OCLC, page 218, column 2:

Everyone was enjoying himself. Political differences seemed to be forgotten. The King was smarter than anyone realized. Bang! Bang! Bang! The fantasias went on and on, the Berber warriors in white, standing up in their silver stirrups on bay, gray, black, and chestnut stallions, firing their silver-chased rifles in perfect unison into the air. [...] The men cheered and the women ululated as each successful fantasia run was completed.

1976, Elizabeth Warnock Fernea, “The Feast of Accession to the Sultan’s Throne”, in A Street in Marrakech: A Personal View of Urban Women in Morocco, Long Grove, Ill.: Waveland Press, published 1988, →ISBN, part II, page 223:

Mimi was keen to ride a berber horse and Said arranged a Fantasia especially for us – or was it for her? – with the best riders around Marrakech.

1990 April 30, “Sisley: Relaxed Elegance [advertisement]”, in Edward Kosner, editor, New York, volume 23, number 17, New York, N.Y.: News America Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 199:

However, in the last few years, the stud farms in Morocco and elsewhere in the world have rediscovered the qualities of the barb [Barbary horse], which, in Berber tradition, remains the king of the "fantasias", a festival that is also becoming fashionable once again.

2009 October, Laurent Roustan, “The Horse, Present since the Dawn of Time”, in Alphatrad Internationale, transl., Au Royaume du Cheval: Les Haras Nationaux du Maroc [In the Kingdom of the Horse: The National Studs of Morocco], Souyri, Aveyron, France: Editions Au fil du Temps, →ISBN:

A traditional festival of the inhabitants of the Maghreb (in northwest Africa) featuring exhibitions of horsemanship.


Easter

en-noun

Easter (countable and uncountable, plural Easters)

→ Chickasaw: Iista'

The noun is derived from Middle English Ester, from Old English ēastre, seemingly from Ēastre, a proposed Anglo-Saxon goddess of the dawn whose festival is thought to have been celebrated around the vernal equinox. Further from Proto-West Germanic *Austrā, from Proto-Germanic *Austrǭ, derived from either Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”) or, more semantically plausible, from *austrą, *auzrą, a metathesized form of *wazrą (“spring (season)”), *-ǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ (“spring”).
The English word is cognate with German Low German Oostern (“Easter”), Old High German ōstarūn (modern German Ostern) and is possibly a doublet of east. Despite a modern folk etymology, not related to Ishtar.
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

We spent each of the past five Easters together as a family.

During the Easter season, the Russians are planning “a great battle in Donbas,” the Russian-occupied region in Ukraine’s far east. “This is not Christian behavior at all, as I understand it. On Easter they will kill, and they will be killed.”

2022 April 15, Anne Applebaum, Jeffrey Goldberg, quoting Volodymyr Zelensky, “LIBERATION WITHOUT VICTORY”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 2022-04-15:

Western Christianity
Western Christianity

Eastern Christianity
Eastern Christianity

Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church

A Christian feast commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is celebrated on the first Sunday (and Monday) following the full moon that occurs on or next after the vernal equinox, ranging in most of Western Christianity (such as Protestantism and Roman Catholicism) from March 22 to April 25, and in Eastern Christianity (such as the Coptic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church) from April 4 to May 8.

Paasfees

Jesus Daaztsą́ą́dę́ę́ʼ Náádiidzáhígíí Bééhániih

Eastertide (“the period from Easter to Whitsun”).

(UK, Ireland, law, education) Ellipsis of Easter term.

(paganism) A festival held in honour of the goddess Eostre or Ostara, celebrated at the vernal equinox or within the month of April; Eostre, Ostara.

ostara

After two dayes folowed eſter⸝ and the dayes of ſwete breed. And the hye preſtꝭ [prestis] and ſcrybꝭ [scrybis] ſought meanes⸝ howe they myght take hym [Jesus] by crafte and putt hym to deeth.

1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, The Gospell off S. Marke xiiij:[1], folio lxv, verso:


Geburtstag

de-noun

Geburtstag m (strong, genitive Geburtstages or Geburtstags, plural Geburtstage)

Geburtstages (genitive)
Geburtstags (genitive)
Geburtstage (plural)
Geburtstag (nominative singular)
Geburtstage (definite nominative plural)
Geburtstages (genitive singular)
Geburtstags (genitive singular)
Geburtstage (definite genitive plural)
Geburtstag (dative singular)
Geburtstage (dative singular)
Geburtstagen (dative definite plural)
Geburtstag (accusative singular)
Geburtstage (accusative definite plural)

→ Kashubian: gebùrstach

→ Silesian: gyburstag

/ɡəˈbuːɐ̯t͡sˌtaːk/

From Middle High German geburttac, from Old High German giburtitag, from Proto-West Germanic *gaburdidag; equivalent to Geburt (“birth”) + -s- + Tag (“day”).

Du musst nicht Geburtstag haben / Du musst auch nicht Geburtstag feiern

2020, “Du musst gar nix”, in Die Sterne, performed by Die Sterne ft. The Düsseldorf Düsterboys:


terre

From Old Norse þorri. Cognate with Icelandic þorri

(dialectal, Trøndelag) a period between January 13 and February 11, same as torre


tens

teens · twenties · thirties · forties · fifties · sixties · seventies · eighties · nineties

Gay Nineties · Naughty Nineties · Roaring Twenties · Dirty Thirties · Swinging Sixties

The period from a year 100x + 10 to a year 100x + 19 (mostly referring to the 1910s or 2010s). The teens, the oneties.


workday

From Middle English werkdai, werkedei, werkedai, from Old English weorcdæġ (“workday”), equivalent to work + day. Cognate with West Frisian wurkdei (“workday”), Dutch werkdag (“workday”), German Low German Warkdag (“workday”), German Werktag (“workday”). See also workaday.

PTO

often antonymous, but one can be off during a workday

weekend

often antonymous, depending on one's work schedule

It will take five workdays to process your application.

(chiefly US) Any of the days of a week on which work is done; any day in a workweek. The five workdays in many countries are usually Monday to Friday (and are defined as such in official and legal usage even though many people work on weekends).

business day

day on which work is done in legal and official usage


compleanno

Borrowed from Spanish cumpleaños and adapted to fit Italian anno (“year”) and perhaps completo.


jubileo

eo-head

jubileo (accusative singular jubileon, plural jubileoj, accusative plural jubileojn)

jubileon (accusative singular)
jubileoj (plural)
jubileojn (accusative plural)

From French jubilé, Russian юбиле́й (jubiléj), Polish jubileusz, German Jubiläum, English jubilee, all from Late Latin iūbilaeus, from Ancient Greek ἰώβηλος (iṓbēlos), from Hebrew יובל (yovél). Compare Italian giubileo, Spanish jubileo, Hungarian jubileum.


Easter egg hunt

en-noun

Easter egg hunt (plural Easter egg hunts)

I was a little chunky anyway, and slow, so slow that I was once the only kid at an Easter egg hunt who didn’t get a single egg, not because I couldn’t find them but because I couldn’t get to them fast enough.

A common festive activity held at Easter, where Easter eggs are hidden outdoors (or indoors if in bad weather) for children to run around and find; this may also be a contest to see who can collect the most eggs.

caça dels ous de Pasqua

activity held at Easter where hidden Easter eggs have to be found


All Saints' Day

(Christianity) In Christian tradition, the annual feast day celebrating the life of all saints, taking place on the first day of November, or (in the Greek church) on the first Sunday after Pentecost.


All Souls' Day

Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed

Tomb Sweeping Day
Tomb Sweeping Day#English

(uncommon) Synonym of Tomb Sweeping Day, a Chinese holiday.


teens

The final syllable of the numbers from thirteen to nineteen. More at teen.

She is in her teens.

The time of life between thirteen and nineteen years old; the teenage years.

teenageår

time of life between 13 and 19 years old


All Hallows

/ˌɔːl ˈhæləʊz/

From all + plural of hallow (“saint”). Forms in -n (All-Hallown etc.) show reflex of the original genitive plural (Old English halgena).

(chiefly archaic) All Saints' Day, the 1st of November; the Christian feast day honoring all Christian saints.


colour wheel

With fears that draping normal Christmas fairy lights through the tree's aluminium branches would cause a short circuit, the trees were lit from below by a rotating colour wheel divided into wedge-shaped segments of variously coloured plastic.

2013, Martin Pullen, The Completely Useless Guide to Christmas:

The twins led him across the room to a silver aluminum Christmas tree in the far corner. A device on the floor cast light on the tree from a bulb behind a slowly turning color wheel.

2013, Robert Jeschonek, Christmas at Glosser's, page 13:

A device that emits varying colours of light by the use of a wheel, commonly used to illuminate Christmas trees.


Annunciation

/əˌnʌnsɪˈeɪ̯ʃn̩/

(Christianity) The announcement by the archangel Gabriel to Mary that she would give birth to a son, namely Jesus. Celebrated on 25th March.


Advent

(Christianity) The period or season of the Christian church year between Advent Sunday and Christmas.


Advent

de-noun

Advent m (strong, genitive Adventes or Advents, plural Advente)

Adventes (genitive)
Advents (genitive)
Advente (plural)
Advent (nominative singular)
Advente (definite nominative plural)
Adventes (genitive singular)
Advents (genitive singular)
Advente (definite genitive plural)
Advent (dative singular)
Advente (dative singular)
Adventen (dative definite plural)
Advent (accusative singular)
Advente (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German advente, borrowed from Latin adventus.

Advent, Advent, ein Lichtlein brennt.

Erst eins, dann zwei, dann drei, dann vier;

First one, then two, then three, then four;

Dann steht das Christkind vor der Tür.

Then the Christkind is at the door. (A nursery rhyme.)


Donner

First attested in the 1823 poem “A Visit from St. Nicholas”. Named from Dutch donder (“thunder”), and perhaps influenced by the German form Donner.

A Visit from St. Nicholas
Santa Claus's reindeer


Lammas

From Old English hlafmæsse (“loaf mass, harvest festival”).


Mart

Irish: Márta

Manx: Mayrnt

Scottish Gaelic: Màrt

Mart
also Mmart after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


Nativity

(Christianity) The birth of Jesus as described in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke.


Pasko

Derived from Spanish pascua (short form of Spanish Pascua de Navidad)

Kan Pasko, nagduman kami saindo.


Pasko

Early borrowing from Spanish pascua, ellipsis of Spanish Pascua de Navidad, from Vulgar Latin pascua, from Latin pascha, from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פסחא (paskha), from Hebrew פסח (pesakh). Doublet of Paskuwa.

der

Noong Pasko nagpunta kami sa inyo.


Epiphany

en-noun

Epiphany (countable and uncountable, plural Epiphanies)

Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery
Edward Burne-Jones

ref

From the collection of the Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery in Birmingham, England, United Kingdom.

The season or time of the Christian church year, either from the Epiphany feast day to Shrove Tuesday (the day before Ash Wednesday, the start of Lent), or from the Epiphany feast day to the feast of Candlemas (marking the presentation of Jesus Christ in the Temple in Jerusalem).


Lent

Shortened form of Lenten, from Old English lencten, from Proto-West Germanic *langatīn (“spring”), as in a season into which days lengthen as it progresses. Related to German Lenz and Dutch lente (“springtime”).

الصَّوْم الْأَرْبَعِينِيّ

Christian period of penitence before Easter

(Christianity) A period of the ecclesiastical year preceding Easter, traditionally involving temporary abstention from certain foods and pleasures.

(Eastern Christianity) The 40 days preceding Lazarus Saturday, the Saturday preceding Holy Week.

(Roman Catholicism) The 46 days preceding Easter, reckoned as 40 days by excluding Sundays.

Hezekiah gave up vaping for Lent.


Natal

From Malay Natal, from Portuguese Natal, from Old Galician-Portuguese Natal, from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).

der

(Christianity) Christmas (festival observed on December 25 commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ)


Natal

Indonesian: Natal

Borrowed from Portuguese Natal (via any dialects in contact with the Portuguese like Ambonese, Ternate etc) or creoles like Kristang, from Old Galician-Portuguese Natal, from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).

(Malacca, Christianity) Christmas; a festival/holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ and incorporating various Christian, pre-Christian, pagan and secular customs, which is celebrated on December 25 in most places.


Natal

→ Gujarati: નાતાલ (nātāl)

→⇒ Malay: Natal, Hari Natal

→ Indonesian: Natal

→ Konkani: नाताळ (nātāḷ)

desc

→ Marathi: नाताळ (nātāḷ), नाथाळ (nāthāḷ)

→ Sinhalese: නත්තල (nattala)

→ Tetum: Natál

→ Tamil: நத்தார் (nattār)

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: ناتالُ (nātālu)

Devanagari script: नातालु (nātālu)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Natal, from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”). Doublet of natal.
Compare Galician Nadal.


Scrooge

The fictional character Ebenezer Scrooge.


Independence Day

Independence Day
Independence Day (India)
Independence Day (Philippines)

(US) A holiday celebrated in the United States commemorating the country's independence from Great Britain, celebrated each year on the 4th of July.

(Philippines) A national holiday in the Philippines observed annually on June 12, commemorating the declaration of Philippine independence from Spain in 1898.

(India) A national holiday in India observed annually on August 15, commemorating the nation’s independence from Great Britain in 1947.


воскресение

mk-noun

воскресе́ние

воскресе́ние • (voskresénie) n

воскресе́ние (canonical)
voskresénie (romanization)
воскресение (indefinite singular)
воскресението (definite singular unspecified)
воскресениево (definite proximal singular)
воскресениено (definite distal singular)
воскресение (singular vocative)

mk-decl-noun-table-single

воскресението

воскресениево

воскресениено

воскресенија

воскресенијата

воскресенијава

воскресенијана

воскресенија

вос‧кре‧се‧ни‧е


trick-or-treater

Those darn trick-or-treaters egged my car.

One who goes trick-or-treating on Halloween, usually a child dressed in a costume.


All Hallows' Day

A Christian feast day, 1st November, honouring the saints (or, as the name implies, "hallows"); the day after Halloween.


trick-or-treat

en-verb

trick-or-treat (third-person singular simple present trick-or-treats, present participle trick-or-treating, simple past and past participle trick-or-treated)

trick-or-treats (present singular third-person)
trick-or-treating (participle present)
trick-or-treated (participle past)
trick-or-treated (past)

From trick or treat, the phrase stated as a greeting when accosting a household.

Coordinate term: soul (All Souls Day)

(intransitive) To go door-to-door asking for candy on Halloween night while wearing a costume.


All Fools' Day

April 1, a day when practical jokes are traditionally played


Hegira

From Medieval Latin hegira, from Arabic هِجْرَة (hijra, “Hijra; emigration”), from the verb هَجَرَ (hajara, “to emigrate; to abandon”). Doublet of Hijra, directly from Arabic.


Hijri

Borrowed from Arabic هِجْرِيّ (hijriyy), nisba adjective of هِجْرَة (hijra, “Hijra”).

(Islam) the Islamic lunar calendar; begins with the migration of Muhammad, 16 July 622 AD; months begin at sunset on the day of visual sighting of the new moon


Eid al-Adha

From Arabic عِيد اَلْأَضْحَى (ʕīd al-ʔaḍḥā).

bor

عِيد اَلْأَضْحَى

Arabic عِيد اَلْأَضْحَى (ʕīd al-ʔaḍḥā)

An Islamic festival commemorating the prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his son Ismail to Allah.

عِيد اَلْأَضْحَى

ʕīd al-ʔaḍḥā


Halloween

→ Hawaiian: Heleuī

→ Hindi: हैलोवीन (hailovīn)

desc

→ Japanese: ハロウィン, ハロウィーン

→ Japanese: ハロウィン, ハロウィーン

→ Malayalam: ഹാലോവീൻ (hālōvīṉ)

→ Maori: Harawīni

→ Russian: Хеллоуи́н (Xellouín)

→ Bashkir: Хэллоуин (Xellowin)

→ Tajik: Хеллоуин (Xellouyin)

→ Tatar: Хэллоуин (Xellouwin)

→ Thai: ฮาโลวีน (haa-loo-wiin)

→ Ukrainian: Хеллові́н (Xellovín)

A Scottish shortening of Allhalloweven, from Allhallowmas (the obsolete earlier name of All Saints' Day) + even (an archaic or poetic variant of eve; see also een).

They all get dressed up in scary costumes at Halloween.

1987, Kai Hansen, "Halloween", Helloween, Keeper Of The Seven Keys: Part 1.
Black is the night full of fright / You'll be missing the day / What will be here very soon / Changing your way / A knock at your door / It is real or is it a dream / On trembling legs you open the door / And you scream... on Halloween

The eve of All Hallows' Day; October 31st; celebrated (mostly in English-speaking countries) by children going door-to-door in costume and soliciting candy with menaces.


Halloween

pl-prop

Halloween n (indeclinable, related adjective halloweenowy)

Unadapted borrowing from English Halloween.

ubor

All Hallows' Day
All Hallows' Day#English

Halloween (eve of All Hallows' Day; October 31st; celebrated (mostly in English-speaking countries) by children going door-to-door in costume and soliciting candy with menaces)


Halloween

[ˌχɛ.lo(ʊ̯)ˈĩ]

Coordinate term: Dia do Saci

Não, sempre tive a cabeça muito aberta. Acho que o artista tem que ser como uma esponja, e absorver tudo que está à sua volta. Outro dia, no Halloween, fui ver o Mercyful Fate (veterana banda de heavy metal) fantasiado de Super Supla...

1995 March 20, André Barcinski, quoting Supla, “Supla Legal”, Páginas Negras, in Trip, volume 8, number 41, Você ouve todos os estilos de rock ou é um daqueles punks ortodoxos?, page 7, column 2:

No, I've always been very open-minded. I think an artist must be like a sponge, and absorb everything around them. The other day, on Halloween, I went to watch Mercyful Fate (a veteran heavy metal band) dressed up as Super Supla...

Halloween (festival that takes place on October 31st, in which people dress up in ghostly costumes and use hollow pumpkins, with candles inside, to decorate houses, gardens, etc.)


Eid al-Fitr

From Arabic عِيد اَلْفِطْر (ʕīd al-fiṭr, “Festival of Breaking the Fast”) in reference to the previous avoidance of food from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan.

derived

عِيد اَلْفِطْر

Eid ul-Fitr is one of the main celebrations in the Islamic calendar. […] Prior to Eid ul-Fitr celebrations people give an extra donation of food or money that is distributed to needy people so that no one will be without the means to celebrate the event. This donation is called Zakat ul-Fitr.

1998, Barbara DuMoulin, Sylvia Sikundar, Celebrating Our Cultures: Language Arts Activities for Classroom Teachers, Markham, Ont.: Pembroke Publishers, →ISBN, page 27:

At the end of Ramadan, Muslims celebrate one of the most important Islamic holidays, Eid al-fitr. It is a one-day celebration after the last day of fasting. In the evening on the twenty-ninth day of Ramadan, we go out to see if the moon has appeared. If the moon is not seen, we fast one more day. If it is seen, the next day is Eid al-fitr. During Eid al-fitr, we visit friends and family and have people over to our houses. It is a very happy and special holiday for children.

2003, Aisha Karen Khan, What You Will See Inside a Mosque, Woodstock, Vt.: SkyLight Paths Publishing, →ISBN, page 20:

At the end of Ramadan, there is an exuberant celebration called Eid al-Fitr, the Festival of Fast-Breaking. […] Eid al-Fitr falls on the first day of Shawwal, the month that follows Ramadan in the Islamic calendar. In the morning, Muslims gather early in outdoor locations or mosques to perform the Eid prayer, which is a short congregational prayer followed by a sermon. After the sermon is finished, everyone leaves to visit family and friends. It is common to bring gifts, especially to children. The celebration can last as long as three days.

2015, Kathleen Tracy, Islamic Culture in the Middle East in Perspective (World Cultures in Perspective), Hockessin, De.: Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 27:

(Islam) The religious celebration at the end of Ramadan, on the first day of the tenth month of the Muslim lunar calendar.


saum

Borrowed from Arabic صَوْم (ṣawm, “fasting”).

(Islam) fasting; one of the five pillars of Islam


iftar

ms-noun

iftar (plural iftar-iftar, informal 1st possessive iftarku, 2nd possessive iftarmu, 3rd possessive iftarnya)

iftar-iftar (plural)
iftarku (first-person informal possessive)
iftarmu (possessive second-person)
iftarnya (possessive third-person)

bor

Arabic إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār)

(Islam) The evening meal or dinner that marks the end of the daily fast on Ramadan.


Ramadan

/ɹɑːməˈdɑːn/

/ˈɹɑːmədɑːn/

Transliteration of Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān); see there for more.

translit

(Islam) The holy ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, during which Muslims fast between the break of dawn until sunset; they also refrain from drinking liquids, smoking and having sexual relations.

Ramadaan

holy ninth month of Islamic lunar calendar

A male given name from Arabic, of Muslim usage.


Ramadan

Indonesian: Ramadan


Ramadan

Borrowed from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).

Ramadan (holy ninth month of Islamic calendar)


BP

Later diversion of lake drainage between 11,000 and 10,000 BP, due to ice retreat, led to the discharge of Agassiz meltwaters into the western North Atlantic.

2013, Alastair G. Dawson, Ice Age Earth: Late Quaternary Geology and Climate, Routledge, →ISBN, page 107:

(sciences) Initialism of Before Present, conventionally relative to radiocarbon dating in the 1950s.


embolism

The term was coined in 1848 by Rudolf Virchow. From Old French embolisme (“intercalation of days in a calendar to correct errors”), from Late Latin embolismus, from Ancient Greek ἐμβολισμός (embolismós, “intercalary”), from ἐμβάλλω (embállō, “to insert, throw in”).

der

Authorities differ as to the manner in which the Arabs practised embolism: some say, they added a month to every third year; others, that they intercalated seven months in a period of nineteen years ; and others, nine months in twenty-four years.

1844, The Asiatic journal and monthly miscellany, volume 2:

The insertion or intercalation of days into the calendar in order to correct the error arising from the difference between the civil year and the solar year.


ёлка

be-noun

ёлка • (jólka) f inan (genitive ёлкі, nominative plural ёлкі, genitive plural ёлак)

jólka (romanization)
ёлкі (genitive)
ёлкі (nominative plural)
ёлак (genitive plural)
ёлка (nominative singular)
ёлкі (nominative plural)
ёлкі (genitive singular)
ёлак (genitive plural)
ёлцы (dative singular)
ёлкам (dative plural)
ёлку (accusative singular)
ёлкі (accusative plural)
ёлкай (instrumental singular)
ёлкаю (instrumental singular)
ёлкамі (instrumental plural)
ёлцы (locative singular)
ёлках (locative plural)
ёлкі (count-form plural)


ёлка

yolka (romanization)
ёлка (nominative singular)
ёлкалар (nominative plural)
ёлканы (accusative singular)
ёлкаланы (accusative plural)
ёлкагъа (dative singular)
ёлкалагъа (dative plural)
ёлкада (locative singular)
ёлкаларда (locative plural)
ёлкадан (ablative singular)
ёлкалардан (ablative plural)
ёлканы (genitive singular)
ёлкаланы (genitive plural)
ёлкаым (nominative possessive singular)
ёлкаларым (nominative plural possessive)
ёлкаымны (accusative possessive singular)
ёлкаларымны (accusative plural possessive)
ёлкаымгъа (dative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыма (dative plural possessive)
ёлкаымда (locative possessive singular)
ёлкаларымда (locative plural possessive)
ёлкаымдан (ablative possessive singular)
ёлкаларымдан (ablative plural possessive)
ёлкаымны (genitive possessive singular)
ёлкаларымны (genitive plural possessive)
ёлкаыбыз (nominative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыбыз (nominative plural possessive)
ёлкаыбызны (accusative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыбызны (accusative plural possessive)
ёлкаыбызгъа (dative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыбызгъа (dative plural possessive)
ёлкаыбызда (locative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыбызда (locative plural possessive)
ёлкаыбыздан (ablative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыбыздан (ablative plural possessive)
ёлкаыбызны (genitive possessive singular)
ёлкаларыбызны (genitive plural possessive)
ёлкаынгъ (nominative possessive singular)
ёлкаларынгъ (nominative plural possessive)
ёлкаынгъны (accusative possessive singular)
ёлкаларынгъны (accusative plural possessive)
ёлкаынгъа (dative possessive singular)
ёлкаларынгъа (dative plural possessive)
ёлкаынгъда (locative possessive singular)
ёлкаларынгъда (locative plural possessive)
ёлкаынгъдан (ablative possessive singular)
ёлкаларынгъдан (ablative plural possessive)
ёлкаынгъны (genitive possessive singular)
ёлкаларынгъны (genitive plural possessive)
ёлкаыгъыз (nominative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыгъыз (nominative plural possessive)
ёлкаыгъызны (accusative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыгъызны (accusative plural possessive)
ёлкаыгъызгъа (dative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыгъызгъа (dative plural possessive)
ёлкаыгъызда (locative possessive singular)
ёлкаларыгъызда (locative plural possessive)
ёлкаыгъыздан (ablative possessive singular)
ёлкаыгъызны (genitive possessive singular)
ёлкаларыгъызны (genitive plural possessive)
ёлкаы (nominative possessive singular)
ёлкалары (nominative plural possessive)
ёлкаын (accusative possessive singular)
ёлкаларын (accusative plural possessive)
ёлкаына (dative possessive singular)
ёлкаларына (dative plural possessive)
ёлкаында (locative possessive singular)
ёлкаларында (locative plural possessive)
ёлкаындан (ablative possessive singular)
ёлкаларындан (ablative plural possessive)
ёлкаыны (genitive possessive singular)
ёлкаларыны (genitive plural possessive)


ёлка

ru-noun+

ёлка • (jólka) f inan (genitive ёлки, nominative plural ёлки, genitive plural ёлок, relational adjective ёлочный, diminutive ёлочка)

jólka (romanization)
ёлки (genitive)
ёлки (nominative plural)
ёлок (genitive plural)
ёлочный (adjective relational)
ёлочка (diminutive)
ёлка (nominative singular)
ёлки (nominative plural)
ёлки (genitive singular)
ёлок (genitive plural)
ёлке (dative singular)
ёлкам (dative plural)
ёлку (accusative singular)
ёлки (accusative plural)
ёлкой (instrumental singular)
ёлкою (instrumental singular)
ёлками (instrumental plural)
ёлке (prepositional singular)
ёлках (plural prepositional)
ёлка (dated nominative singular)
ёлки (dated nominative plural)
ёлки (dated genitive singular)
ёлокъ (dated genitive plural)
ёлкѣ (dated dative singular)
ёлкамъ (dated dative plural)
ёлку (accusative dated singular)
ёлки (accusative dated plural)
ёлкой (dated instrumental singular)
ёлкою (dated instrumental singular)
ёлками (dated instrumental plural)
ёлкѣ (dated prepositional singular)
ёлкахъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Eastern Mari: ёлко (jjolko)

→ Ingrian: jolkka

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *edlъka. Equivalent to ель (jelʹ) + -ка (-ka).

Christmas tree (in Russia used for New Year's)


mistletoe

en-noun

mistletoe (countable and uncountable, plural mistletoes)

From Middle English mistelto, mistilto (“European mistletoe”), from Old English misteltān, misteltān (“mistletoe”), from mistel (“mistletoe; basil; birdlime”) + tān (“sprig, shoot, twig”), possibly as a calque of Old Norse mistilteinn; equivalent to mistle + tan (“twig”). This was mistaken for the plural of tā (“toe”).
Cognate with Danish mistelten (“mistletoe”), Norwegian misteltein (“mistletoe”), Icelandic mistilteinn (“mistletoe”). Compare also the simplex form West Frisian mistel (“mistletoe”), Dutch mistel (“mistletoe”), German Mistel (“mistletoe”), Swedish mistel (“mistletoe”).

red mistletoe

Peraxilla tetrapetala; Tapinanthus rubromarginatus

Miſtletoe, by phyſicians, &c. called viſcus, grows to the height of about two feet. […] Pliny and moſt naturaliſts relate, that thruſhes being exceedingly fond of the berries of the miſtletoe; they ſwallow them, and caſt them out again on the branches of trees, where they uſe to perch; and by this means give occaſion to a new production of miſtletoe.

1738, E[phraim] Chambers, “MISTLETOE”, in Cyclopædia: Or, An Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences; […] In Two Volumes, 2nd corrected and amended edition, volumes II (L–Z), London: […] D[aniel] Midwinter [et al.], →OCLC, column 1:

In Martigny I first observed the custom, common throughout many parts of Switzerland, of hanging mistletoes over the house doors; a superstition for which I have not been able to get any reason rendered.

1833 February, Robert Mallet, Jun., “Art. IV. Horticultural Jottanda of a Recent Continental Tour.”, in J[ohn] C[laudius] Loudon, editor, The Gardener’s Magazine, and Register of Rural & Domestic Improvement, volume IX, number 42, London: Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, […], →OCLC, page 27:

Mistletoes were growing on the Euphorbias; they were much more succulent than when growing on woody shrubs or on trees. […] One of the Mistletoes common in Southern Africa, has small, myrtle-like leaves and red berries; another is leafless, and has stems resembling a Salicornia.

1844, James Backhouse, chapter XXX, in A Narrative of a Visit to the Mauritius and South Africa, London: Hamilton, Adams, and Co., […]; York: John L. Linney, […], →OCLC, page 534:

The brooms caused by Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe begin as small sprays of twigs radiating from a swollen limb […] but in time they become large, more or less spherical in shape, and often with long, droopy twigs. […] Although the parasite is present throughout each broom, the only visible portions of dwarf mistletoe are the reproductive shoots which are called "aerial shoots."

1985 May, Robert O. Tinnin, Donald M. Knutson, “Types of Dwarf Mistletoe Brooms”, in How to Identify Brooms in Douglas-fir Caused by Dwarf Mistletoe (United States Department of Agriculture Research Note; PNW 426), [Portland, Or.?]: Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, →OCLC, page 2:

[T]he stickiness [of mistletoe berries] persists through the gut, making it hard to defecate mistletoe seeds with any grace. To deal with this, birds like the silky flycatcher, Phainopepla nitens, that are mistletoe specialists, have evolved a "waggle dance" – also known as butt-wiping behavior – where they clean up by rubbing themselves against twigs. Indeed, the association with bird droppings may even be the origin of the word: Some evidence suggests that "mistletoe" comes from Anglo-Saxon for "dung on a twig."

2014 December 23, Olivia Judson, “The hemiparasite season [print version: Under the hemiparasite, International New York Times, 24–25 December 2014, page 7]”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2014-12-23:

(countable, uncountable) Any of numerous hemiparasitic evergreen plants of the order Santalales with white berries that grow in the crowns of apple trees, oaks, and other trees, such as the European mistletoe (Viscum album) and American mistletoe or eastern mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum).

агъо

any of several hemiparasitic evergreen plants of the order Santalales

Miſtletoe! why I know what that is, as we garniſh our Houſe with it every Year, at Chriſtmas.

1782, Benjamin Martin, “Dialogue VI. Reflections on the Wonderful Nature, and Singular Properties of Some Kinds of Plants, Shrubs, and Trees; Exemplified in Missltoe,^([sic]) Sensitive Plant, Bulbous Garlic, Bee-orchis, and Egg-plant.”, in The Young Gentleman and Lady’s Philosophy in a Continued Survey of the Works of Nature and Art; by Way of Dialogue, volumes III, part IV (Containing a General Survey of Vegetation and Vegetables), London: Printed for W. Owen, […]; and the author, […], →OCLC, page 229:

There were ruddy, brown-faced, broad-girthed Spanish Onions, shining in the fatness of their growth like Spanish Friars; and winking from their shelves in wanton slyness at the girls as they went by, and glanced demurely at the hung-up mistletoe.

1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Three. The Second of the Three Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, pages 81–82:

Everybody knows a turkey and some mistletoe / Help to make the season bright / Tiny tots with their eyes all aglow / Will find it hard to sleep tonight

1946 November, Robert Wells, Mel Tormé (lyrics and music), “The Christmas Song”, performed by Nat King Cole:

Rockin' around the Christmas tree / At the Christmas party hop / Mistletoe hung where you can see / Every couple tries to stop

1958, Johnny Marks (lyrics and music), “Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree”, in Merry Christmas from Brenda Lee, performed by Brenda Lee:

Mistletoe. The word conjures winter holidays, office parties, stolen kisses, romance. But appreciation of the plant is no modern thing. Kissing under the mistletoe has been happening for at least 200 years. And some 2,000 years ago, the druids in which is now Britain venerated the plant when it grew on an oak. When they found it, they dressed in white, harvested it with a golden sickle, and sacrificed two white bulls.

(uncountable) A sprig of one such plant used as a Christmas decoration, associated with the custom that a man may kiss any woman standing beneath it.


елка

mk-noun

елка • (elka) f (diminutive елкичка or елкиче or елче)

elka (romanization)
елкичка (diminutive)
елкиче (diminutive)
елче (diminutive)
елка (indefinite singular)
елки (indefinite plural)
елката (definite singular unspecified)
елките (definite plural unspecified)
елкава (definite proximal singular)
елкиве (definite plural proximal)
елкана (definite distal singular)
елкине (definite distal plural)
елко (singular vocative)
елки (plural vocative)

Christmas tree (Macedonians use it for New Year's)


sabat

pl-noun

sabat m inan (related adjective sabatowy)

sabatowy (adjective)
sabat (nominative singular)
sabaty (nominative plural)
sabatu (genitive singular)
sabatów (genitive plural)
sabatowi (dative singular)
sabatom (dative plural)
sabat (accusative singular)
sabaty (accusative plural)
sabatem (instrumental singular)
sabatami (instrumental plural)
sabacie (locative singular)
sabatach (locative plural)
sabacie (singular vocative)
sabaty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin sabbatum. Doublet of sobota, szabas, and szabat.

(Christianity, Judaism or historical or occult) Alternative form of szabat


год

го̑д (canonical masculine)
gȏd (romanization)
го̑д (nominative singular)
го̏дови (nominative plural)
года (genitive singular)
годова (genitive plural)
году (dative singular)
годовима (dative plural)
год (accusative singular)
годове (accusative plural)
годе (singular vocative)
годови (plural vocative)
году (locative singular)
годовима (locative plural)
годом (instrumental singular)
годовима (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *godъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-. Cognate with Slovene god, Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ), Russian год (god).


Коледа

bg-proper noun

Ко́леда • (Kóleda) f (relational adjective ко́леден)

Ко́леда (canonical)
Kóleda (romanization)
ко́леден (adjective relational)
Ко́леда (indefinite singular)
Ко́леди (indefinite plural)
Ко́ледите (definite plural)
Ко́ледо (singular vocative)
Ко́леди (plural vocative)

bg-ndecl

Ко́леда<(v)>

From Proto-Slavic *kolęda, from Latin kalendae (“first day of the month”). Originally referring to a pagan winter festival, where carollers (typically men or children) visit households and wish the hosts an abundant and healthy incoming year.

Некръстени дни

unbaptized days; period between Christmas and Baptism of Jesus's day

на Коледа

по Коледа ― po Koleda ― at Christmastide

су́ха/ма́лка Ко́леда

Честита Коледа

Дядо Коледа


Thanksgiving Day

en-noun

Thanksgiving Day (plural Thanksgiving Days)

Advent Sunday

Christian religious day at the end of November

(Canada) A holiday, originally to give thanks to God for the harvest, celebrated annually on the second Monday of October.

(US) A holiday, originally to give thanks to God and to commemorate the feast held by the Pilgrim colonists, celebrated annually on the fourth Thursday of November.

(Grenada) A holiday to commemorate the invasion of Grenada by the United States and the overthrowing of the communist People's Revolutionary Government in 1983, celebrated annually on the 25th of October.


Thanksgiving

/θæŋksˈɡɪvɪŋ/

/ˈθæŋksɡɪvɪŋ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Thanksgiving.wav

A proprialization from the common noun thanksgiving; by surface analysis, thanks + giving.

It is at present impossible to determine when the General Court will adjourn, none of the great business having as yet been attended to, so as to be completed, but there seems to be a general determination to be at home at Thanksgiving. I hope it will be possible.

1788, Theodore Sedgwick to his wife, 9 November, in The Documentary History of the First Federal Elections 1788–1790, vol. 1, ed. Merrill Jensen and Robert A. Becker, University of Wisconsin Press, 1976, pages 513–514

Across the harsh, salty smells that blew in gusts from the half-uncovered mud-flats of the river, my memory of old Thanksgivings at home called up most rich and tender savors of roast goose till an appetite of huge anticipation began to riot beneath my waistcoat.

1898 November 19, Charles G[eorge] D[ouglas] Roberts, “The Bewitchment of Lieutenant Hanworthy”, in The Saturday Evening Post, volume 171, number 21, Philadelphia, Pa.: The Curtis Publishing Company, page 321, column 1:

This is church! They spent their Thanksgivings and Christmases with us to bring some normalcy to our lives. They bore the cold winter nights sleeping in tents, showering and bathing whenever and wherever possible. They rolled up their sleeves, gutted houses, cleaned yards, and poured out their hearts; they had compassion on us. By joining forces with the National Guard and city officials, the church and government walked hand and hand with common goals—rebuilding lives and revitalizing our cities.

2010, Sebastian Myladiyil, Blown Together: The Trials and Miracles of Katrina, Mobile, Ala.: Evergreen Press, →ISBN, page 200:

Our Thanksgivings are always nice and quiet. Dad cleans, Mom cooks, and I set the table. We sit down, talk about how grateful we are for good health and family, and eat.

2012, T. R. Burns [pseudonym; Tricia Rayburn], The Bad Apple (Merits of Mischief; 1), New York, N.Y.: Aladdin, →ISBN, page 209:

(Canada, US) Thanksgiving Day, celebrated on the second Monday of October in Canada, and on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States.

(Canada, US) The long weekend which includes Thanksgiving Day; Thanksgiving weekend.


Thanksgiving

fr:Action de grâce (Canada)
fr:Thanksgiving
fr:Thanksgiving (États-Unis)


leap day

This yere leapt, and the leap day was the morrow after the feast Terminalia.

1600, Livy, translated by Philemon Holland, The Romane Historie of T. Livius of Padua, Book XLV, Section xliv, 1232:

The lunar cycle among the Chaldeans was called the saros and sara, from סהרא, sahara, the moon. This cycle it is said contained two hundred and twenty-three synodical months, or eighteen Julian years, ten days, when the same cycle or period contains five leap days, and eleven days when it contains four leap days, seven hours, forty-eight minutes, and one-fourth; in which time all the corresponding new and full moons and eclipses return again.

1820 July, Thomas Yeates, "Catalogue of Ancient Eclipses" in The Philosophical Magazine and Journal, Vol. LVI, No. 267, OCLC 1641414, p. 18

We observe then, with respect to the Julian cycle of leap-year, that, though we speak of it commonly as the cycle of the leap-year, it is in reality only the cycle of the leap-day. And this distinction is of much importance, especially to the present question. For the cycle of leap-year according to the Julian rule is one of four years, because the cycle of the leap-day in the Julian calendar is one of four also.

1852, Edward Greswell, Fasti Temporis Catholici and Origines Kalendariae, Vol. II, OCLC 457298519, p. 51

According to our current calendar, on what day of the week will January 1 fall in the year 3000? in the year 1,000,000? in the year 10^(1,000,000)? […] In the thousand years from the year 2000 to the year 3000, there are 365,000 days, plus 250 leap days, minus 10 century leap days omitted, plus 3 leap days restored in the years 2000, 2400, and 2800, for a total of 365,243 days, or 57,177 weeks and 4 days. Since January 1 falls on a Saturday in the year 2000, it will fall four days later on a Wednesday in the year 3000.

2000, Frank Morgan, The Math Chat Book, pages 9–10:

According to the new leap rule, leap years are years whose last two digits are divisible by 4. To correct for the slightly shorter length of the solar year, 3 leap years are omitted every 400 years, and to that end, leap days are omitted in the secular years whose unit is not divisible by 4. Accordingly, the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 were not leap years, but 2000 was one again.

2002, Klaus Mainzer, translated by Josef Eisinger, The Little Book of Time, page 20:

An extra day intercalated into a year, especially the day intercalated into the Julian calendar every fourth year and into the Gregorian calendar every fourth year excepting centuries not divisible by 400, usually reckoned as February 29th.


itzcuintli

Central Nahuatl: izcuintli, itzkuintli

Highland Puebla Nahuatl: itskuinti

Temascaltepec Nahuatl: itskuintli

Spanish: escuincle

16C, Codex Magliabechiano, f. 12v.
ma tlac tli Vn ey / iz cuintlj. q quiere / dezir. treze perrillos.
ma tlac tli Vn ey iz cuintlj. which means “thirteen small dogs”.

the tenth day sign of the Aztec tonalpohualli, corresponding to this animal


Tannenbaum

Borrowed from German Tannenbaum (“fir tree”).

Oh, Tannenbaum, oh, Tannenbaum, how lovely are thy branches.

Local newspapers covered the story of how Santa Claus had helped the Tannenbaum.


semajno

eo-head

semajno (accusative singular semajnon, plural semajnoj, accusative plural semajnojn)

semajnon (accusative singular)
semajnoj (plural)
semajnojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French semaine, from Late Latin septimāna, from Latin septimānus (“of or pertaining to the seventh in a series”). Compare Spanish semana, Italian settimana, Romanian săptămână, as well as Moroccan Arabic سيمانة (simāna).

der

En jaro estas 52 semajnoj.


vernal equinox

en-noun

vernal equinox (plural vernal equinoxes)

(astronomy) The moment when the sun appears to cross the celestial equator while tilting towards the observer, taking place in March in the northern hemisphere and September in the southern hemisphere.


calli

Central Huasteca Nahuatl: kali

Central Nahuatl: calli

From Proto-Nahuan [Term?], from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *kaliR.

16C, Codex Magliabechiano, f. 11v.
chico açe cale / q̃ quiere dezir / seis casas.
chico açe cale. [sic] which means “six houses”.

(it is) the third day sign of the Aztec tōnalpōhualli, a stylized one-room house


invierno

Inherited from Old Spanish ynvierno, from Vulgar Latin *hīnbernum, a modification of Latin hībernum (whence the Old Spanish yvierno).


New Year's Eve

The holiday occurring on the last day of the year, celebrated on December 31st in cultures following the Gregorian calendar

watchnight

whereas watch night is the night that begins at sundown on New Year's Eve and ends with sunrise on New Year's Day

not identical to New Year's Eve – New Year's Eve is the entire day before New Year's Day


verano

Inherited from Old Spanish verano (“spring”), from Vulgar Latin *(tempus) veranum, from Latin vēr (“spring”), from earlier *veror, from Proto-Italic *wezor, from Proto-Indo-European *wésr̥ (“spring”). Compare Portuguese verão.

inh+

«Pensar que en esta vida las cosas della han de durar siempre en un estado es pensar en lo escusado; antes parece que ella anda todo en redondo, digo, a la redonda: la primavera sigue al verano, el verano al estío, el estío al otoño, y el otoño al invierno, y el invierno a la primavera, y assí torna a andarse el tiempo con esta rueda continua

To think that, in this life, things are to last forever is to think in nothing worthy; rather, it seems that life goes round, I mean, in a circle: the beginning of spring is followed by spring proper, spring by summer, summer by winter, winter by the beginning of spring. Thus time turns around in this continuous wheel.


leap second

1971; derived from the terminology for leap day/leap year.

A second of time added to the year occasionally to compensate for variation in the rate of Earth's rotation relative to the absolute standards of time.

閏秒

a second of time added to the year occasionally to compensate for variation in the rate of Earth's rotation relative to the absolute standards of time


Sint

nl-noun

Sint m (plural Sinten, diminutive Sintje n)

Sinten (plural)
Sintje (diminutive neuter)


Christmas Day

From Middle English Cristemasse day, from Old English Cristes mæssedæġ (“Christmas Day”, literally “day of Christ's mass”). Now equivalent to Christmas + day.

inh

When Christmas Day falls upon a Saturday (as it did in 1736,) the Collect, Epistle and Gospel for St. Stephen's Day follows of Course, and no Notice is taken of the Sunday after Christmas Day

1737, Thomas Collins, The rubrick of the Church of England, examin'd and consider'd:

The day on which Christmas is celebrated. It is December 25 in the West, and January 7 in some Eastern Orthodox churches.


trick or treat

1987, Kai Hansen, "Halloween", Helloween, Keeper Of The Seven Keys: Part 1.
Meet the others at the store, / Knock on other people's door / Trick or treat they have no choice, / Little ghost's are makin' lotsa noise

A form of a light-hearted request by which children obtain candy on Halloween while wearing themed costumes.

不給糖就搗亂

a request for candy tied to an unstated light-hearted threat

(in translated movies, TV series etc.) Süßes oder Saures


Samhain

Invite, but never command, friendly spirits, faeries, or elementals to join you as you wish. In some traditions it is common to invite ancestors to join you, especially during the dark days from Samhain to Imbolg when it is believed that the portal between our dimensions is at its thinnest.

1994, Edain McCoy, “Appendix Three: Outline for Ritual Construction”, in A Witch’s Guide to Faery Folk: How to Work with the Elemental World: […], St. Paul, Minn.: Llewellyn Publishers, published 2004 (13th printing), →ISBN, page 354:

A holiday, falling on the night of 31 October to 1 November, celebrated by the ancient Celts and by modern neo-pagans as the beginning of winter and the new year, and a time during which the spirits of the dead could return to the earth.


Samhain

head

Samhain f (genitive singular Samhna, nominative plural Samhnacha)

Samhna (genitive singular)
Samhnacha (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
Samhain (indefinite singular)
Samhnacha (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a Shamhain (indefinite singular)
a Shamhnacha (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
Samhna (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an tSamhain (definite singular)
na Samhnacha (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
na Samhna (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an tSamhain (definite singular)
don tSamhain (definite singular)
leis na Samhnacha (definite plural)
Samhain
Shamhain
tSamhain

From Old Irish Samain (“Halloween”), from Proto-Celtic *Samonyos (compare Gaulish samoni-) or a genitive *samonis, either from Proto-Indo-European *smH-on- (“together; reunion, assembly”) (compare Old High German saman (“together”), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰 (samana, “together, in common”), Sanskrit समन (samaná, “together”), सम् (sám, “with”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀 (ha), 𐬵𐬀𐬨 (ham, “together”)), from the root *sem- (“together, whole”), or alternatively from the same element found in the compound *kentusamonyos (“beginning of summer”), a derivation from Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”) (compare Old Irish sam (“summer”), Welsh haf (“summer”)) from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥h₂ós (“summer”) < *semh₂-.

cog

21 January 1919, Constitution of Dáil Éireann, Fourth Article
Beidh an tAireach freagarthach don Dáil san airgead a gheobhfar mar sin agus leagfaidh sé cúntaisí mionscrúduighthe ar chaitheamh an airgid fé bhrághaid na Dála dhá uair sa bhliadhain – um Shamhain is um Bealtaine.
The Ministry shall be answerable to the Dáil for such moneys, and the accounts shall be audited with regard to the spending of money for the Dáil twice yearly – in November and May.

18 September 2012, Foinse, Deir Mitt Romney go bhfuil vótálaithe Obama 'ag brath ar an rialtas' i bhfíseán a sceitheadh
Is cosúil go bhfuil Romney ag labhairt le grúpa deontóirí saibhre níos luaithe i mbliana san fhíseán agus é ag labhairt go hoscailte faoina straitéis le díriú ar an bpíosa beag den daonra nach bhfuil cinneadh déanta acu go fóill i dtaobh toghchán na Samhna ...

Romney appears to be talking to a group of rich donors earlier this year in the video, and he's talking openly about the strategy of targeting the small portion of the population who still haven't made a decision about November's election ...


Samhain

Samhna (genitive)
Samhain
Shamhain
after "an"
t-Samhain


quinquennial

Borrowed from Latin quīnquenniālis, from quīnquennium (“5-year period”) + -ālis, from quīnquennis (“5-year”) + -ium (“-ium: forming abstract nouns”), from quīnque (“five”) + annus (“year”) + -is (suffix forming compound adjectives).

(historical) Synonym of quinquennalia, the festival and religious ritual held in the 5th year of a Roman emperor's reign.


Poppy Day

From being the last day on which the commemorative poppy flower is worn.


Veterans Day

The United States national holiday in honor of veterans past and present, observed on November 11th.


Remembrance Sunday

(UK) The Sunday closest to Remembrance Day, which falls on the 11th of November.


Remembrance Day

(Commonwealth) November 11th, observed in commemoration of those in the armed forces who died in the line of duty; especially those who died during the two world wars.


eastre

ēastre (canonical feminine)
ēastre (nominative singular)
ēastran (nominative plural)
ēastran (accusative singular)
ēastran (accusative plural)
ēastran (genitive singular)
ēastrena (genitive plural)
ēastran (dative singular)
ēastrum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: Eestour, Ester, Yestre
English: Easter
→ Chickasaw: Iista'
Scots: Easter

Apparently named from the dawn goddess Ēastre, from Proto-West Germanic *austrā, from Proto-Germanic *Austrǭ, from a suffixed form of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“dawn”). Cognate with Old Frisian āsteron, Old High German ōstarūn (German Ostern).


曜日

曜日 (canonical)
yōbi (romanization)
eubi (romanization)
えうび (hiragana historical)

Back-formation of 月曜日(げつようび) (getsuyōbi), 火曜日(かようび) (kayōbi), etc.


Turkey Day

After the turkey, the traditional main course of Thanksgiving dinner, and an occasional motif in Thanksgiving decorations.

Thanksgiving.— This Day will be observed in all the New England States, except Massachusetts, as a day of public Thanksgiving. It will be Turkey-day in this State, this day week.

1835 November 26, Boston Morning Post (1835-11-26):

(US, informal) Thanksgiving; an American holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November.


palma

palemka (diminutive)
palma (nominative singular)
palmy (nominative plural)
palmy (genitive singular)
palm (genitive plural)
palmie (dative singular)
palmom (dative plural)
palmę (accusative singular)
palmy (accusative plural)
palmą (instrumental singular)
palmami (instrumental plural)
palmie (locative singular)
palmach (locative plural)
palmo (singular vocative)
palmy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin palma, from Proto-Italic *pəlmā, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂, from *pleh₂-.


Black Friday

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Black Friday.wav

From black (“bad; ill-omened; marked by disaster”). Friday is an ill-omened day according to ancient superstition, so a Friday that was darkened by another ill-omen (such as being the 13th) or an actual disaster became known as "Black Friday". Philadelphia police applied the term to the day after Thanksgiving because the large number of people out shopping made traffic chaotic. Later, PR efforts purposely invented the incorrect, more positive "etymology" (which is a very popular urban legend and false etymology that was even in Wiktionary from 2008 to 2015) that the name was given because this day is supposedly the first day of the year on which retailers typically posted profits ('in the black') rather than losses ('in the red').

en:any of certain historically bad Fridays

Any Friday literally or figuratively darkened by catastrophe, or the anniversary thereof.

(Internet slang, poker, historical) The conclusion of United States v. Scheinberg in 15 April 2011, after which major online poker sites stopped offering real money play to their United States customers.

Coordinate term: Cyber Monday

en:day after US Thanksgiving, a busy shopping day

(US, Canada, UK, business, retailing) The day after US Thanksgiving Day, generally regarded as the first day of the Christmas season, and the busiest shopping day of the year. Observed in the US, Canada, and more recently to an extent, the UK.

en:busy sales weekend after US Thanksgiving, metonymically

(by extension) The sales period involving heavy price reductions immediately following US Thanksgiving Day, from Friday (the original Black Friday) through Monday (Cyber Monday).


secret Santa

I could tell Mary was my secret Santa.

The person who buys a present for another in a secret-Santa exchange.


May Day

Labour Day, the first day of May, a worldwide workers' holiday.

Ašxatavorneri hamerašxutʻyan miǰazgayin ōr

Աշխատավորների համերաշխության միջազգային օր

Denʹ meždunaródnoj solidárnosti trudjáščixsja

День междунаро́дной солида́рности трудя́щихся


Christmas ham

en-noun

Christmas ham (countable and uncountable, plural Christmas hams)

Ham prepared in various other ways in various regions at Christmas, such as stuffed ham in parts of the United States, or ham soaked in fruit juices in the Philippines.


Christmas card

“[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes like
 Here's rattling good luck and roaring good cheer, / With lashings of food and great hogsheads of beer. […]”

1921, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:

A greeting card that is decorated in a manner that celebrates Christmas.


Christmas carol

Christmas carol (plural Christmas carols)

So also when he was born into the World, the holy Angels came down to sing his Christmas Carol, and at once to proclaim and celebrate his Nativity.

(music) A carol (song or hymn) whose lyrics are on the theme of Christmas.

تَرْنِيمة عِيد اَلْمِيلَاد

hymn whose lyrics are on the theme of Christmas


Christmas present

Christmas present (countable and uncountable, plural Christmases present)

Christmas + present (“relating to now, current”). Present is used as a postpositioned adjective. First popularized in Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol.

Christmas past becomes Christmas present.

1998 May 15, Janet Colsher Teitsort, Long-Distance Grandma: How to Stay Connected with Grandkids Far Away, Baker, →ISBN, page 145:

Anita had been relieved to unload the burden of her Christmases Past following her Process but she certainly hasn't told Max any of the details of the Christmases present she'd be spending with John.

2012 May 3, Stella Duffy, chapter 13, in Wavewalker, Profile Books, →ISBN, section 5:


誕生日

ja-noun

誕(たん)生(じょう)日(び) • (tanjōbi) ^(←たんじやうび (tanzyaubi)?)

誕生日 (canonical)
tanjōbi (romanization)
tanzyaubi (romanization)
たんじやうび (hiragana historical)

[tã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ːbʲi]

Compound of 誕生 (tanjō, “birth”) + 日 (hi, “day”).
The hi reading for 日 changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


誕生日

誕(たん)生(じょう)日(にち) • (tanjōnichi) ^(←たんじやうにち (tanzyauniti)?)

誕生日 (canonical)
tanjōnichi (romanization)
tanzyauniti (romanization)
たんじやうにち (hiragana historical)

From 誕生 (tanjō, “birth”) + 日 (-nichi, counter for day of a month).