crude oil

en-noun

crude oil (usually uncountable, plural crude oils)

Further west, in Pembrokeshire, the Esso Petroleum Co. refinery at Milford Haven, opened last November, is designed to berth the world's largest tankers and to process, initially, 4,500,000 tons of crude oil a year.

1961 August, “New traffic flows in South Wales”, in Trains Illustrated, page 494:

Unrefined oil; as it is found underground, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons.


natural gas

natural gas (countable and uncountable, plural natural gases)

formed from natural + gas, as opposed to coal gas (19th Century).

For a good many years, beginning in London, Brighton & South Coast days, the station at Heathfield, between Tunbridge Wells and Eastbourne, was lighted by natural gas. The use of this illuminant was discontinued about 1934.

1946 July and August, “The Why and The Wherefore: Natural Gas at Heathfield”, in Railway Magazine, page 263:

Natural gas is an odorless, colorless gas from inside the Earth. When burned, it provides abundant heat to homes and businesses around the United States and the world.

2010, Kelly Swanson, Human Geography, page 169:

A mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons associated with petroleum deposits; mostly methane with smaller amounts of ethane, propane and butane; principally used as a fuel.


fero

Borrowed from Esperanto fero, from Latin ferrum.


gas

gas (countable and uncountable, plural gases or gasses)

New York City, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

(uncountable, Canada, US, New Zealand) Gasoline, a light derivative of petroleum used as fuel.


radio

radio (absolutive indefinite)
radioa (absolutive singular)
radioak (ergative singular)
radioari (dative singular)
radioaren (genitive singular)
radioarekin (comitative singular)
radioarengatik (causative singular)
radioarentzat (benefactive singular)
radioz (indefinite instrumental)
radioaz (instrumental singular)
radioan (inessive singular)
radiorik (indefinite partitive)
radiotzat (indefinite prolative)

Borrowed from Spanish radio (“radium”), from French radium.


radio

Borrowed from French radium, from radio(actif) + -ium.


A

(chemistry, obsolete) Symbol for the element Argon, changed after 1956 to Ar.


nickel

nickel (countable and uncountable, plural nickels)

Borrowed from German Nickel, first used in a text by the Swedish mineralogist Axel F. Cronstedt as an abbreviation of Kupfernickel (“a mineral containing copper and nickel”), from Kupfer (“copper”) + Nickel (“insignificant person, goblin”), originally nickname of Nikolaus (“Nicholas”), due to the deceptive silver colour of the relatively valueless ore. Compare cobalt as related to kobolds.

that and a nickel will buy you a cup of coffee

that and a nickel will get you on the subway

you pays your nickel and you takes your chances

you pays your nickel and you takes your choice

(US, slang, sometimes the nickel or the hot nickel) Interstate 5, a highway that runs along the west coast of the United States.


silver

silver (countable and uncountable, plural silvers)

Jamaican Creole: silva

→ Maori: hiriwa

→ Zulu: isiliva

From Middle English silver, selver, sulver, from Old English seolfor, from Proto-West Germanic *silubr, from Proto-Germanic *silubrą (“silver”), of uncertain origin.
cognates and etymology discussion
Cognate with Scots siller (“silver”), Saterland Frisian Säälwer (“silver”), West Frisian sulver (“silver”), Dutch zilver (“silver”), German Low German Silver, Sülver (“silver”), German Silber (“silver”), Swedish silver (“silver”), Icelandic silfur (“silver”). The Germanic word has parallels in Baltic and Slavic (Old Church Slavonic сьрєбро (sĭrebro), Lithuanian sidabras), Celtic (Celtiberian silaPur-), and outside Indo-European, in Basque zilar and Proto-Berber *a-ẓrəf, but the ultimate origin of the word is unknown.
Adjective sense of twenty-fifth wedding anniversary generalized from silver wedding, from German Silberhochzeit, silberne Hochzeit.

արծաթեղեն

items made of silver or other white metal

[…] maybe two or three twenties, a dozen tens, and twenty or thirty fins. The rest is all aces and silver.

1990, David F. Friedman, Don DeNevi, A Youth in Babylon: Confessions of a Trash-film King, page 136:

(collectively) Coins made from silver or any similar white metal.

(collectively) Cutlery and other eating utensils, whether silver or made from some other white metal.

(collectively) Any items made from silver or any other white metal.


silver

en-adj

silver (comparative more silver, superlative most silver)

more silver (comparative)
most silver (superlative)


silver

From Old Swedish silver, from Old Norse silfr, from Proto-Germanic *silubrą.

a silver medal, for 2nd place in a competition


Jupiter

From Latin Iūpiter (“father Jove”), from Proto-Italic *djous patēr (literally “sky father”) (cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “father Zeus”)), from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Doublet of Dyaus Pita.

der

A number of places in the United States:

An unincorporated community in Tuolumne County, California, named after a mine.

Palm Beach County
Palm Beach County#English

A town in Palm Beach County, Florida, named in error after the Roman god.

A township in Kittson County, Minnesota, named after the planet.

An unincorporated community in Buncombe County, North Carolina.


or

From Old French ore, from Vulgar Latin hā horā, alteration of hāc horā (“(in) this hour”, ablative). Compare Spanish ahora, Portuguese agora.

yet, however, now, that said, as it happens (introduces the second term in a syllogism)


kerosene

en-noun

kerosene (countable and uncountable, plural kerosenes)

→ Assamese: কেৰাচিন (kerasin)

→ Bengali: কেরোসিন (kerōśin)

→ Farefare: karẽnzĩn

→ Moore: karenzĩ

desctree

→ Russian: кероси́н (kerosín)
→ Armenian: կերոսին (kerosin)
→ Ingrian: karassi
→ Kazakh: керосин (kerosin)
→ Yakut: кыраһыын (kırahıın)

→ Swahili: kerosini

From Ancient Greek κηρός (kērós, “wax”) + -ene; a name trademarked in 1854.

affix

The kerosene lasted all winter, so the furnace kept us always warm.

The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania.[…]It was used to make kerosene, the main fuel for artificial lighting after overfishing led to a shortage of whale blubber. Other liquids produced in the refining process, too unstable or smoky for lamplight, were burned or dumped.

2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

A thin, often colorless or blue or straw-colored petroleum-based fuel, heavier than gasoline/petrol or naptha but lighter than diesel, used primarily as jet fuel but also for heating and lighting in some remote or impoverished areas.


banana

en-noun

banana (countable and uncountable, plural bananas)

Borrowed from Portuguese banana or Spanish banana, derived from a Niger-Congo language spoken in the Guinea region. Specific derivation is unclear. Possible ancestor or cognate languages include Wolof banaana, Eastern Maninkakan banana, and Vai ꕒꘌꕯ (ɓaana) or ꕒꕌꕯ (ɓaana). However, Ay Baati Wolof (Munro & Gaye, 1997) posits that Wolof banaana is itself derived from Portuguese banana.
The racial slur derives from the notion that they are "Yellow (East-Asian) on the outside, White (Westernized) on the inside".

banánový (corresponding to English attributive use)

(corresponding to English attributive use) banánový

An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin.

(Canada, US, UK, Ireland) In particular, the sweet, yellow fruit of the Cavendish banana cultivar, which may be eaten raw, as distinct from e.g. a plantain for cooking.

banana equivalent dose
banana equivalent dose

(nuclear physics) A banana equivalent dose.

(computer science, colloquial) A catamorphism (from the use of banana brackets in the notation).


banana

Even the lowly banana ball, the bane of so many weekenders, sometimes can be exactly right, as in this case.

2001, Rayne Barton, The Green Hills Golf Chronicles, →ISBN, page 155:

He played the fading, low-banana shot as planned, and the ball whistled left of the oak tree and between the pines.

2002, Andrew Collins, Guild of Honor, →ISBN, page 53:

[...]Bernd Schneider closed the scoring in injury-time with a 23 meter free-kick banana shot into the upper-right corner.

2006, Richard Witzig, The Global Art of Soccer, →ISBN, page 247:

Curved like a banana, especially of a ball in flight.


gold

gold (countable and uncountable, plural gold or golds)

From Middle English gold, from Old English gold (“gold”), from Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥h₃tóm (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow; gleam; to shine”). Related to yellow; see there for more. Germanic cognates include Dutch goud, German Gold, Norwegian gull, Swedish guld, and cognates from other Indo-European languages include Latvian zelts, Russian зо́лото (zóloto), Persian زرد (zard, “yellow, golden”), Sanskrit हिरण्य (hiraṇya).

der

The pirates were searching for gold.

(countable or uncountable) A coin or coinage made of this material, or supposedly so.


gold

goud

anything or anyone considered to be very valuable

gold beetle

in families Chrysomelidae and Cassididae

goldfinny

Symphodus melops and Ctenolabrus rupestris


gold

en-adj

gold (not generally comparable, comparative golder, superlative goldest)

golder (comparative)
goldest (superlative)

a gold chain

Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke.[…]A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:


gold

en-verb

gold (third-person singular simple present golds, present participle golding, simple past and past participle golded)

golds (present singular third-person)
golding (participle present)
golded (participle past)
golded (past)

I caught sight of something that seemed the nexus of all that glittered, all that golded: like a hallucination in the traffic's rotary heart, a saried creature giddily swirling her own razored rainbow roundabout, mirrored fabric sending light spinning like saberlike amidst the smoking, choking cars.

2010, Tanuja Desai Hidier, Born Confused:

You are the sun at Noon, that golds the barley, and pulls the bee to the ling on the moor.

2011, Harry Nicholson, Tom Fleck, page 250:

Worked wonders, knowing a thing like that. Golded up your hair, even, for all your record said indeterminate. Golded up the whole world, really.

But I work still, a dead, unheeding man across the endless interface: wishing I was the sun who golds the lake or the lake, comprehending sun.

2011, Robert M. Ellis, “Pokhara Lake”, in North Cape: Selected Poems of a Poet Turned Philosopher, page 21:

Hair down to my shoulders; waved and liquid-golded. Eyebrows shaved to a different shape and golded. Handle-bar mustache, waxed to points and golded.

2021, Edward Elmer Smith, The Imperial Stars:


gold

From Middle High German golt, from Old High German gold, from Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”). Cognate with German Gold, English gold.


gold

gold (nominative singular)
gold (accusative singular)
goldes (genitive singular)
golde (dative singular)

desctree

Middle English: gold
English: gold
Scots: gowd, goold

From Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰĺ̥tom.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
...Næbbe ic seolfor ne gold, ic þē dō þæt ic hæbbe...

...I have neither silver nor gold, I give thee that I have...


periodic table

The table is termed “periodic” because it follows the periodic law – when chemical elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, elements with similar properties recur at intervals.

The atomic weight of krypton would accordingly be 81.62; the mean of former determinations is 81.28. This is in accordance with its position in the periodic table, which lies between bromine, 80, and rubidium, 85.

1903 March 26, William Ramsay, “[Societies and Academies. London.] An Attempt to Estimate the Relative Amounts of Krypton and of Xenon in Atmospheric Air.”, in Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science, volume 67, number 1746, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published 16 April 1903, →OCLC, page 573, column 2:

Silica and alumina are distinctly the most abundant and characteristic petrogenic constituents, and with them are most frequently associated those elements toward the extreme petrogenic end of the periodic table, especially potassium, sodium, and calcium in the order named; and these elements are associated with each other.

1924, Frank Wigglesworth Clarke, Henry Stephens Washington, “Evolution of the Elements”, in The Composition of the Earth’s Crust (United States Geological Survey Professional Paper; 127), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, pages 107–108:

Gallium, the 32nd most abundant element in the earth's crust, is a silver-grey metal, widely distributed in trace amounts in many rocks and ores. Its name, gallium (Lat., gallia, France), honors the discovery of this element by a French chemist in 1875, just four years after [Dmitri] Mendeleev predicted its probable existence from a blank space in his newly described periodic table.

1977 June, George N. Bowers, “Introduction—The Gallium Melting-point Standard: A New Fixed Point to Assure the Accuracy of Temperature Measurements in the Clinical Laboratory”, in B[illy] W[ilson] Mangum, D[onald] D. Thornton, editors, The Gallium Melting-point Standard (National Bureau of Standards Special Publication; 481), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 709, column 1:

The main theme of TRL [Transuranium Research Laboratory] research with transuranium elements has been the exploration of a region of the periodic table that is relatively new and inaccessible to most scientists. […] Our research with the heavy elements has extended our knowledge considerably and tested our ideas concerning how the periodic table is constructed.

1983 spring, Richard Hahn, “Life at the End of the Periodic Table”, in Carolyn Krause, editor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Review, volume 16, number 2, Oak Ridge, Tenn.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 25, column 1:

Taking into account the masses and percents of the isotopes, the average weight of a mercury atom is 200.59 amu, the atomic weight that is listed on some periodic tables. This type of average is called a weighted average. On other periodic tables, such as the one in this book, mercury's atomic weight is rounded to the nearest whole number (201 amu).

2009, Kristi Lew, “Mercury: The Inside Story”, in Mercury (Understanding the Elements of the Periodic Table), New York, N.Y.: The Rosen Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 20:

The atomic masses you see in many periodic tables may vary slightly, so for consistency, we've rounded all atomic mass values to two decimal places before plugging them into equations.

2015, Peter J. Mikulecky, Christopher Hren, “Understanding the Many Uses of the Mole”, in Chemistry Workbook for Dummies, 2nd edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, part II (Making and Remaking Compounds), page 101:

(chemistry) A tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same group (column).

የንጥረ ነገሮች ሠንጠረዥ

yänṭərä nägäroč śänṭäräž

periodikós pínakas ton chimikón stoicheíon

περιοδικός πίνακας των χημικών στοιχείων

perioddez śörti ximija ötuvtorrezlön tećas

периоддэз сьӧрті химия ӧтувторрезлӧн тэчас

ximiktig elementilerniñ periodtug sistemazı

химиктиг элементилерниң периодтуг системазы

liquid

Color of the number (state of matter at STP)


vermilion

en-noun

vermilion (countable and uncountable, plural vermilions)

From Middle English vermelioun, vermyloun, vermylon, vermilun, from Old French vermeillon (“vermilion”), from vermeil, from Latin vermiculus (“little worm”), from vermis (“worm”), ultimately in reference to Kermes vermilio, a type of scale insect used to make a crimson dye.

Take ſix Ounces of Brimſtone, and melt it in an Iron Ladle, then put two Pound of Quick-ſilver into a ſhammy Leather, or double Linnen Cloth, and ſqueeze it out into the melted Brimſtone, ſtirring them, in the mean Time, with a wooden Spatula till they are well united; and when they are cold, beat the Maſs into a Powder, and ſublime it in a Glaſs-veſſel, with a ſtrong Fire, and it will riſe into that Red Subſtance, which is called artificial Cinnabar or Vermilion.

1734, “VERMILION”, in The Builder's Dictionary: Or, Architect's Companion, volume II, London: Printed for A. Bettesworth and C. Hitch, […] and S. Austen, […] :

Fanny was very pretty; her eyes were dark and brilliant, her teeth were like little pearls; her mouth was almost as red as Mademoiselle Caracoline’s when the latter had put on her vermilion.

1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 47, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

A vivid red synthetic pigment made of mercury sulfide, cinnabar.


DU

University of Denver
w:University of Denver


diesel

diesel (countable and uncountable, plural diesels)

From German Diesel, named after inventor Rudolf Diesel, who developed a heavy-duty engine in Germany (1892–1897) and perfected it throughout his life.

A fuel derived from petroleum (or other oils) but heavier than gasoline/petrol. Used to power diesel engines which burn this fuel using the heat produced when air is compressed.


plum

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) lead (metal)


bronze

bronze (countable and uncountable, plural bronzes)

From French bronze (1511), from Italian bronzo (13th cent.), of uncertain origin; see it for more. First use appears c. 1721 in the writings of Matthew Prior. See cite below.

unc

uncertain

She wanted to win the tournament, but had to settle for the bronze after being beaten in the semi-finals.


plata

From Vulgar Latin *platta, *plattus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “wide”), because silver was often made into sheets.


plata

From the feminine of plat, or from Vulgar Latin *platta, *plattus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “wide”), because silver was often made into sheets.


plata

es-adj

plata m or f (masculine and feminine plural platas)

From Vulgar Latin *platta, *plattus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “wide”), because silver was often made into sheets. As with plato, this word may be semi-learned or avoided certain phonetic changes due to use by mainly the upper classes. Compare Portuguese prata, Catalan plata. Displaced Old Spanish ariento from Latin argentum. Compare English plate.


charcoal

en-noun

charcoal (usually uncountable, plural charcoals)

/ˈtʃɑː.kəʊl/

From Middle English charcole, from charren (“to change, turn”) + cole (“coal”), from Old English cierran (“to change, turn”) + col (“coal”); equivalent to char (Etymology 3 (verb)) + coal.

The grate was laid with charcoal, to that she put a light, and then, as if she had forgotten something, hurried to the library, and carefully locked the door. First returning to see that the fire had kindled, she then went to the window, which, with the first gleam of moonlight, she cautiously unclosed, and stepped into the shrubbery.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, pages 325–326:

But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.

2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:

destructive distillation
destructive distillation

(countable, uncountable) impure carbon obtained by destructive distillation of wood or other organic matter, that is, heating it in the absence of oxygen.


perak

From Malay pirak, obsolete form of perak, from Proto-Malayic *pirak, possibly of Khmeric origin. Compare Tagalog pilak & Tausug pilak.


copper

copper (countable and uncountable, plural coppers)

Inherited from Middle English coper, from Old English coper, copor (“copper”), from Late Latin cuprum (“copper”), contraction of Latin aes Cyprium (literally “Cyprian brass”), from Ancient Greek Κύπρος (Kúpros, “Cyprus”). Cognate with Dutch koper (“copper”), German Kupfer (“copper”), Icelandic kopar (“copper”).

der

(uncountable) A reddish-brown, malleable, ductile metallic element with high electrical and thermal conductivity, symbol Cu, and atomic number 29.

I had in my pocket a handful of copper money, three or four silver dollars, and five pistoles in gold. As he proceeded I began to soften, and concluded to give the coppers.

1799, Benjamin Franklin, edited by John Bigelow, The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, published 1868, page 255:

"I don't want to spoil any comparison you are going to make," said Jim, "but I was at Winchester and New College." ¶ "That will do," said Mackenzie. "I was dragged up at the workhouse school till I was twelve. Then I ran away and sold papers in the streets, and anything else that I could pick up a few coppers by—except steal.[…]."

1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter II, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:

(countable, dated) Any of various specialized items that are made of copper, where the use of copper is either traditional or vital to the function of the item.

(countable) A copper coin, typically of a small denomination, such as a penny.

Mum would heat the water in a copper in the kitchen and transfer it to the tin bath.

I explain that socks can’t be boiled up in the copper with the sheets and towels or they shrink.

When the water in the copper boils, the arsenic and tartar, well pounded, is put into it, and kept boiling till the liquor is reduced to about half.

1797, “Dyeing”, in Colin Macfarquhar, George Gleig, editors, Encyclopædia Britannica: or, A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Miscellaneous Literature, Volume 6, Part 1 p.207:

'You had better mind you don't get up too early, and you mustn't put any fire under the copper before two o'clock.'

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 6:

He rose to his knees, for he had been sitting in the darkness near the copper.

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 230:

'Vot game now she play?' he asked himself, as he distinguished his wife near one of the pig-scalding coppers.

1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 254:

The wet laundry's stove had a long vent in the ceiling which helped to release the steam from the coppers in which the clothes and bed linen were boiled.

2000, Christopher Christie, The British Country House in the Eighteenth Century, page 266:

(UK, Australia, dated) A large pot, often used for heating water or washing clothes over a fire. In Australasia at least, it could also be a fixed installation made of copper, with a fire underneath and its own chimney. Generally made redundant by the advent of the washing machine.

Coppers are generally good for a year, if the battery is carefully attended […]

1885, General Rules and Regulations Applicable to All Employes of the Chicago and Grand Trunk Railway Company:

Some coppers come already tinned. I didn't buy mine, so they surely were not tinned.

1890, The Manufacturer and Builder, volume 22, page 83:

Coppers are not consumed, and their life depends largely on the manner in which they are used.

1907, “Instructions for the Care of Callaud Batteries”, in Journal of the Telegraph, volume XL:


copper

en-adj

copper (comparative more copper, superlative most copper)

more copper (comparative)
most copper (superlative)


depleted uranium

Uranium that contains a reduced (depleted) amount of the fissile isotope U-235 compared to natural uranium; it is used in applications where the nuclear properties of the uranium are not important, and the uranium is instead being used for its mechanical or chemical properties.


tin

From Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną.


tin

fo-noun

tin n (genitive singular tins, uncountable)

tins (genitive singular)
tin (indefinite nominative singular)
tinið (definite nominative singular)
tin (accusative indefinite singular)
tinið (accusative definite singular)
tini (dative indefinite singular)
tininum (dative definite singular)
tins (genitive indefinite singular)
tinsins (definite genitive singular)

From Old Norse tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną.


darmstadtium

/dɑːɹmˈʃtɑːtiəm/

Named after the German city Darmstadt, where it was first synthesized, + -ium.

A transuranic chemical element (symbol Ds) with atomic number 110.

دَارْمْشْتَادْتِيُوم

transuranic chemical element with atomic number 110

ununnilium

used before the element was officially named


darmstadtium

darmstadtium (nominative singular)
darmstadtium (accusative nominative singular)
darmstadtiumin (accusative genitive singular)
darmstadtiumin (genitive singular)
darmstadtiumia (partitive singular)
darmstadtiumissa (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumista (elative singular)
darmstadtiumiin (illative singular)
darmstadtiumilla (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumilta (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumille (allative singular)
darmstadtiumina (essive singular)
darmstadtiumiksi (singular translative)
darmstadtiumitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
darmstadtiumini (nominative singular)
darmstadtiumini (accusative nominative singular)
darmstadtiumini (accusative genitive singular)
darmstadtiumini (genitive singular)
darmstadtiumiani (partitive singular)
darmstadtiumissani (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumistani (elative singular)
darmstadtiumiini (illative singular)
darmstadtiumillani (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumiltani (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumilleni (allative singular)
darmstadtiuminani (essive singular)
darmstadtiumikseni (singular translative)
darmstadtiumittani (abessive singular)
darmstadtiumisi (nominative singular)
darmstadtiumisi (accusative nominative singular)
darmstadtiumisi (accusative genitive singular)
darmstadtiumisi (genitive singular)
darmstadtiumiasi (partitive singular)
darmstadtiumissasi (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumistasi (elative singular)
darmstadtiumiisi (illative singular)
darmstadtiumillasi (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumiltasi (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumillesi (allative singular)
darmstadtiuminasi (essive singular)
darmstadtiumiksesi (singular translative)
darmstadtiumittasi (abessive singular)
darmstadtiumimme (nominative singular)
darmstadtiumimme (accusative nominative singular)
darmstadtiumimme (accusative genitive singular)
darmstadtiumimme (genitive singular)
darmstadtiumiamme (partitive singular)
darmstadtiumissamme (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumistamme (elative singular)
darmstadtiumiimme (illative singular)
darmstadtiumillamme (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumiltamme (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumillemme (allative singular)
darmstadtiuminamme (essive singular)
darmstadtiumiksemme (singular translative)
darmstadtiumittamme (abessive singular)
darmstadtiuminne (nominative singular)
darmstadtiuminne (accusative nominative singular)
darmstadtiuminne (accusative genitive singular)
darmstadtiuminne (genitive singular)
darmstadtiumianne (partitive singular)
darmstadtiumissanne (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumistanne (elative singular)
darmstadtiumiinne (illative singular)
darmstadtiumillanne (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumiltanne (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumillenne (allative singular)
darmstadtiuminanne (essive singular)
darmstadtiumiksenne (singular translative)
darmstadtiumittanne (abessive singular)
darmstadtiuminsa (nominative singular)
darmstadtiuminsa (accusative nominative singular)
darmstadtiuminsa (accusative genitive singular)
darmstadtiuminsa (genitive singular)
darmstadtiumiaan (partitive singular)
darmstadtiumiansa (partitive singular)
darmstadtiumissaan (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumissansa (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumistaan (elative singular)
darmstadtiumistansa (elative singular)
darmstadtiumiinsa (illative singular)
darmstadtiumillaan (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumillansa (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumiltaan (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumiltansa (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumilleen (allative singular)
darmstadtiumillensa (allative singular)
darmstadtiuminaan (essive singular)
darmstadtiuminansa (essive singular)
darmstadtiumikseen (singular translative)
darmstadtiumiksensa (singular translative)
darmstadtiumittaan (abessive singular)
darmstadtiumittansa (abessive singular)

Internationalism (see English darmstadtium).


darmstadtium

head

darmstadtium (usually uncountable, plural darmstadtiumok)

darmstadtiumok (plural)
darmstadtium (nominative singular)
darmstadtiumok (nominative plural)
darmstadtiumot (accusative singular)
darmstadtiumokat (accusative plural)
darmstadtiumnak (dative singular)
darmstadtiumoknak (dative plural)
darmstadtiummal (instrumental singular)
darmstadtiumokkal (instrumental plural)
darmstadtiumért (causal-final singular)
darmstadtiumokért (causal-final plural)
darmstadtiummá (singular translative)
darmstadtiumokká (plural translative)
darmstadtiumig (singular terminative)
darmstadtiumokig (plural terminative)
darmstadtiumként (essive-formal singular)
darmstadtiumokként (essive-formal plural)
darmstadtiumban (inessive singular)
darmstadtiumokban (inessive plural)
darmstadtiumon (singular superessive)
darmstadtiumokon (plural superessive)
darmstadtiumnál (adessive singular)
darmstadtiumoknál (adessive plural)
darmstadtiumba (illative singular)
darmstadtiumokba (illative plural)
darmstadtiumra (singular sublative)
darmstadtiumokra (plural sublative)
darmstadtiumhoz (allative singular)
darmstadtiumokhoz (allative plural)
darmstadtiumból (elative singular)
darmstadtiumokból (elative plural)
darmstadtiumról (delative singular)
darmstadtiumokról (delative plural)
darmstadtiumtól (ablative singular)
darmstadtiumoktól (ablative plural)
darmstadtiumé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
darmstadtiumoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
darmstadtiuméi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
darmstadtiumokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
darmstadtiumom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
darmstadtiumaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
darmstadtiumod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
darmstadtiumaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
darmstadtiuma (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
darmstadtiumai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
darmstadtiumunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
darmstadtiumaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
darmstadtiumotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
darmstadtiumaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
darmstadtiumuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
darmstadtiumaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


darmstadtium

la-noun

darmstadtium n (genitive darmstadtiī); second declension

darmstadtiī (genitive)
darmstadtium (nominative singular)
darmstadtia (nominative plural)
darmstadtiī (genitive singular)
darmstadtiōrum (genitive plural)
darmstadtiō (dative singular)
darmstadtiīs (dative plural)
darmstadtium (accusative singular)
darmstadtia (accusative plural)
darmstadtiō (ablative singular)
darmstadtiīs (ablative plural)
darmstadtium (singular vocative)
darmstadtia (plural vocative)

[d̪ärmˈs̠t̪ät̪ːiʊ̃ˑ]


darmstadtium

darmstadtium (indefinite nominative singular)


kali

-kali (canonical)
mkali (singular)
wakali (plural)
mikali (plural)
kali (singular)
makali (plural)
kikali (singular)
vikali (plural)
kali (plural)
pakali (singular)
kukali (singular)
mukali (singular)


kali

[kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin kalium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


bore

→ Persian: بور (bor)

Coined by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard in 1808, from the same root but independently of English boron.


lit

lit (nominative singular)
litu (genitive singular)
litowi (dative singular)
lit (accusative singular)
litem (instrumental singular)
licie (locative singular)
licie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin lithium.

lbor

lithium (soft, silvery metal, the simplest alkali metal, the lightest solid element, and the third lightest chemical element (symbol Li) with an atomic number of 3)


lead

en-noun

lead (countable and uncountable, plural leads)

From Middle English led, leed, from Old English lēad (“lead”), from Proto-West Germanic *laud (“lead”), possibly borrowed from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom, from Proto-Indo-European *plewd- (“to flow”).
Cognate with Scots leid, lede (“lead”), North Frisian lud, luad (“lead”), West Frisian lead (“lead”), Dutch lood (“lead”), German Lot (“solder, plummet, sounding line”), Swedish lod (“solder, plummet”), Icelandic lóð (“a plumb, weight”), Irish luaidhe (“lead”) Latin plumbum (“lead”), Finnish luoti (“bullet”). Doublet of loth. More at flow.
* (graphite in a pencil): Graphite was once believed to be a form of lead; see black lead and plumbago.

cog

(countable) A thin cylinder of graphite used in pencils.


lead

en-verb

lead (third-person singular simple present leads, present participle leading, simple past and past participle led)

leads (present singular third-person)
leading (participle present)
led (participle past)
led (past)

From Middle English leden, from Old English lǣdan (“to lead”), from Proto-West Germanic *laidijan, from Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to cause one to go, lead”), causative of Proto-Germanic *līþaną (“to go”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to leave, die”).
Cognate with West Frisian liede (“to lead”), Dutch leiden (“to lead”), German leiten (“to lead”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål lede (“to lead”), Norwegian Nynorsk leia (“to lead”), Swedish leda (“to lead”). Related to Old English līþan (“to go, travel”).

der

(heading) To begin, to be ahead.
(heading, sports)
(transitive, climbing) Lead climb.


oil

en-noun

oil (countable and uncountable, plural oils)

From Middle English oyle, oile (“olive oil”), borrowed from Anglo-Norman olie, from Latin oleum (“oil, olive oil”), from Ancient Greek ἔλαιον (élaion, “olive oil”), from ἐλαία (elaía, “olive”). Compare Proto-Slavic *lojь. More at olive. Doublet of oleum. Supplanted Middle English ele (“oil”), from Old English ele (“oil”), also from Latin.

der

The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. The first barrels of crude fetched $18 (around $450 at today’s prices). It was used to make kerosene, the main fuel for artificial lighting after overfishing led to a shortage of whale blubber.

2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:


rod

rod (nominative singular)
rodu (genitive singular)
rodowi (dative singular)
rod (accusative singular)
rodem (instrumental singular)
rodzie (locative singular)
rodzie (singular vocative)

rhodium (chemical element, Rh, atomic number 45)


string

en-noun

string (countable and uncountable, plural strings)

Tok Pisin: string

→ Dutch: string

→ Finnish: stringit

→ French: string

→ German: String

desc

מחרוז//מַחְרֹזֶת

→ Hebrew: מחרוז／מַחְרֹזֶת (makhrózet) (semantic loan)

→ Japanese: ストリング (sutoringu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: streng (semantic loan)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: streng (semantic loan)

→ Polish: stringi

→ Portuguese: estrém; string

→ Swedish: string

From Middle English string, streng, strynge, from Old English strenġ, from Proto-West Germanic *strangi, from Proto-Germanic *strangiz (“string”), from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“rope, cord, strand; to tighten”).
Cognate with Scots string (“string”), Dutch streng (“cord, strand”), Low German strenge (“strand, cord, rope”), German Strang (“strand, cord, rope”), Danish streng (“string”), Swedish sträng (“string, cord, wire”), Icelandic strengur (“string”), Latvian stringt (“to be tight, wither”), Latin stringō (“I tighten”), Ancient Greek στραγγαλόομαι (strangalóomai, “to strangle”), from στραγγάλη (strangálē, “halter”), Ancient Greek στραγγός (strangós, “tied together, entangled, twisted”).

cog

στραγγαλόομαι

弦

any similar long, thin and flexible object

弓弦

ゆづる, yuzuru, ゆみづる, yumizuru, ゆんづる, yunzuru

(oil industry) A column of drill pipe that transmits drilling fluid (using the mud pumps) and torque (using the kelly drive or top drive) to the drill bit.


cut

en-noun

cut (countable and uncountable, plural cuts)

From Middle English cutten, kitten, kytten, ketten (“to cut”) (compare Scots kut, kit (“to cut”)), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse *kytja, *kutta, from Proto-Germanic *kutjaną, *kuttaną (“to cut”), of uncertain origin, perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *kwetwą (“meat, flesh”) (compare Old Norse kvett (“meat”)). Akin to Middle Swedish kotta (“to cut or carve with a knife”) (compare dialectal Swedish kåta, kuta (“to cut or chip with a knife”), Swedish kuta, kytti (“a knife”)), Norwegian Bokmål kutte (“to cut”), Norwegian Nynorsk kutte (“to cut”), Icelandic kuta (“to cut with a knife”), Old Norse kuti (“small knife”), Norwegian kyttel, kytel, kjutul (“pointed slip of wood used to strip bark”). Displaced native Middle English snithen (from Old English snīþan; compare German schneiden), which still survives in some dialects as snithe or snead. See snide. Adjective sense of "drunk" (now rare and now usually used in the originally jocular derivative form of half-cut) dates from the 17th century, from cut in the leg, to have cut your leg, euphemism for being very drunk.

leikkaus

notch, passage, or channel made by cutting or digging

(petrochemistry) The range of temperatures used to distill a particular mixture of hydrocarbons from crude oil.


gull

From Danish guld (pre-1907 Riksmål spelling), from Old Norse gull, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą.


gull

From Old Norse gull and goll, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą. Akin to English gold.


wildcat

From Middle English wyld cat, wylde cat (in the plural as wild cattes, wylde catis, wyle cattes), equivalent to wild + cat. Cognate with Middle Low German wiltkatte, German Wildkatze, Swedish vildkatt.
Its adjectival senses were originally American and derived from the "wildcat banks" of Michigan, following its elevation to statehood in 1837. Two laws—one easing the requirements for establishing a new bank and another occasioned by the Panic of 1837 that removed the need for payment in specie—led to the creation and collapse of around 50 banks within two years. The term is apocryphally derived from a wildcat supposedly featured on the currency printed by one of these banks, but more probably derived from the remote locations "where the wildcats roamed" chosen by these banks to avoid oversight and minimize redemption of notes.

John Audubon
bobcat
wildcat
wildcat (disambiguation)
wildcat cartridge

(usually derogatory) Of or concerning businesses operating outside standard or legitimate practice, especially:

(oil industry) Of or concerning oil exploration in new areas, (particularly) small, independent operations.


wildcat

en-verb

wildcat (third-person singular simple present wildcats, present participle wildcatting, simple past and past participle wildcatted)

wildcats (present singular third-person)
wildcatting (participle present)
wildcatted (participle past)
wildcatted (past)

You'd have to be very rich or very desperate to go wildcatting that far east.

His pitch was that fracking had transformed the production of gas from a hit-or-miss proposition to one that operated with an on and off switch. It was manufacturing, not wildcatting.

2018 August 30, Bethany McLean, “How America's ‘most reckless’ billionaire created the fracking boom”, in The Guardian:

(oil industry) To drill for oil in an area where no oil has been found before.


stab

stab (third-person singular simple present stabs, present participle stabbing, simple past and past participle stabbed)

stabs (present singular third-person)
stabbing (participle present)
stabbed (participle past)
stabbed (past)

First attested in Scottish English (compare Scots stob, stobbe, stabb (“a pointed stick or stake; a thrust with a pointed weapon”)), from Middle English stabbe (“a stab”), probably a variant of Middle English stob, stub, stubbe (“pointed stick, stake, thorn, stub, stump”), from Old Norse stobbi, stubbi, cognate with Old English stybb. Cognate with Middle Dutch stobbe.
Supposed by some to derive from Scottish Gaelic stob (“to prick, to prod, to push, to thrust”); supposed by others to be from a Scots word.

der

[O]ne of the derrickman's jobs is to "stab" the pipe.

2005, Paul Carter, Don't Tell Mum I Work on the Rigs, Crows Nest, NSW: Allen and Unwin, page 57:

(transitive, oil industry) To guide the end of a pipe into a coupling when making up a connection.


brass

en-noun

brass (usually uncountable, plural brasses)

From Middle English bras, bres, from Old English bræs (“brass, bronze”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps representing a backformation from Proto-Germanic *brasnaz (“brazen”), from or related to *brasō (“fire, pyre”). Compare Old Norse and Icelandic bras (“solder”), Icelandic brasa (“to harden in the fire”), Swedish brasa (“a small controlled fire”), Danish brase (“to fry”); French braser ("to solder"; > English braise) from the same Germanic root. Compare also Middle Dutch braspenninc ("a silver coin", literally, "silver-penny"; > Dutch braspenning), Old Frisian bress (“copper”), Middle Low German bras (“metal, ore”).
In the military sense an ellipsis of the brass hats.

unc

uncertain

gloss

"to solder"; > English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">braise</i>

"a silver coin", literally, "silver-penny"; > Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">braspenning</i>

cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey

(countable, uncountable) A metallic alloy of copper and zinc used in many industrial and plumbing applications.

A memorial or sepulchral tablet usually made of brass or latten.

Fittings, utensils, or other items made of brass.

Coordinate term: bronze

(music) A class of wind instruments, usually made of metal (such as brass), that use vibrations of the player's lips to produce sound; the section of an orchestra that features such instruments

духов

related to brass instruments (attributive use)

Spent shell casings (usually made of brass); the part of the cartridge left over after bullets have been fired.


unbinilium

systematic element name
systematic element name

The systematic element name for the (as yet undiscovered) chemical element with atomic number 120 (symbol Ubn).


unbinilium

unbinilium (nominative singular)
unbinilium (accusative nominative singular)
unbiniliumin (accusative genitive singular)
unbiniliumin (genitive singular)
unbiniliumia (partitive singular)
unbiniliumissa (inessive singular)
unbiniliumista (elative singular)
unbiniliumiin (illative singular)
unbiniliumilla (adessive singular)
unbiniliumilta (ablative singular)
unbiniliumille (allative singular)
unbiniliumina (essive singular)
unbiniliumiksi (singular translative)
unbiniliumitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
unbiniliumini (nominative singular)
unbiniliumini (accusative nominative singular)
unbiniliumini (accusative genitive singular)
unbiniliumini (genitive singular)
unbiniliumiani (partitive singular)
unbiniliumissani (inessive singular)
unbiniliumistani (elative singular)
unbiniliumiini (illative singular)
unbiniliumillani (adessive singular)
unbiniliumiltani (ablative singular)
unbiniliumilleni (allative singular)
unbiniliuminani (essive singular)
unbiniliumikseni (singular translative)
unbiniliumittani (abessive singular)
unbiniliumisi (nominative singular)
unbiniliumisi (accusative nominative singular)
unbiniliumisi (accusative genitive singular)
unbiniliumisi (genitive singular)
unbiniliumiasi (partitive singular)
unbiniliumissasi (inessive singular)
unbiniliumistasi (elative singular)
unbiniliumiisi (illative singular)
unbiniliumillasi (adessive singular)
unbiniliumiltasi (ablative singular)
unbiniliumillesi (allative singular)
unbiniliuminasi (essive singular)
unbiniliumiksesi (singular translative)
unbiniliumittasi (abessive singular)
unbiniliumimme (nominative singular)
unbiniliumimme (accusative nominative singular)
unbiniliumimme (accusative genitive singular)
unbiniliumimme (genitive singular)
unbiniliumiamme (partitive singular)
unbiniliumissamme (inessive singular)
unbiniliumistamme (elative singular)
unbiniliumiimme (illative singular)
unbiniliumillamme (adessive singular)
unbiniliumiltamme (ablative singular)
unbiniliumillemme (allative singular)
unbiniliuminamme (essive singular)
unbiniliumiksemme (singular translative)
unbiniliumittamme (abessive singular)
unbiniliuminne (nominative singular)
unbiniliuminne (accusative nominative singular)
unbiniliuminne (accusative genitive singular)
unbiniliuminne (genitive singular)
unbiniliumianne (partitive singular)
unbiniliumissanne (inessive singular)
unbiniliumistanne (elative singular)
unbiniliumiinne (illative singular)
unbiniliumillanne (adessive singular)
unbiniliumiltanne (ablative singular)
unbiniliumillenne (allative singular)
unbiniliuminanne (essive singular)
unbiniliumiksenne (singular translative)
unbiniliumittanne (abessive singular)
unbiniliuminsa (nominative singular)
unbiniliuminsa (accusative nominative singular)
unbiniliuminsa (accusative genitive singular)
unbiniliuminsa (genitive singular)
unbiniliumiaan (partitive singular)
unbiniliumiansa (partitive singular)
unbiniliumissaan (inessive singular)
unbiniliumissansa (inessive singular)
unbiniliumistaan (elative singular)
unbiniliumistansa (elative singular)
unbiniliumiinsa (illative singular)
unbiniliumillaan (adessive singular)
unbiniliumillansa (adessive singular)
unbiniliumiltaan (ablative singular)
unbiniliumiltansa (ablative singular)
unbiniliumilleen (allative singular)
unbiniliumillensa (allative singular)
unbiniliuminaan (essive singular)
unbiniliuminansa (essive singular)
unbiniliumikseen (singular translative)
unbiniliumiksensa (singular translative)
unbiniliumittaan (abessive singular)
unbiniliumittansa (abessive singular)

Internationalism (see English unbinilium).


unbinilium

unbinilium (indefinite nominative singular)


sin

From Spanish zinc, from German Zink, related to Zinke (“point, prong”), from Middle High German zinke, from Old High German zinko (“prong, tine”), allied to zint (“a jag, point”), from Proto-Germanic *tindaz (“prong, pinnacle”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth, projection”).


iron

en-noun

iron (countable and uncountable, plural irons)

From Middle English iren, from Old English īsern, īsærn, īren, īsen, from Proto-West Germanic *īsarn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną (“iron”), from Proto-Celtic *īsarnom (“iron”), a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”).

For quotations using this term, see Citations:iron.

(uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, silvery grey when untarnished, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel: a chemical element having atomic number 26 and symbol Fe.

(military, slang) Dumb bombs, those without guidance systems.


metal

metal (countable and uncountable, plural metals)

nonmetal

antonym(s) of “any of a number of chemical elements in the periodic table that form a metallic bond with other metal atoms”

From Middle English metal, a borrowing from Old French metal, from Latin metallum (“metal, mine, quarry, mineral”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”).

аметалл

atomic element or material made of such atoms

Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, slur their speech and behave like someone inebriated.

2014 April 21, “Subtle effects”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8884:

(heading) Chemical elements or alloys, and the mines where their ores come from.

Any of a number of chemical elements in the periodic table that form a metallic bond with other metal atoms; generally shiny, somewhat malleable and hard, often a conductor of heat and electricity.

But then I had the flintlock by me for protection. ¶ There were giants in the days when that gun was made; for surely no modern mortal could have held that mass of metal steady to his shoulder. The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window[…].

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

Any material with similar physical properties, such as an alloy.

Most of the matter in stars is hydrogen and helium, and the metals (including carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and so on) were cooked up inside stars.

2003, Michael A. Seeds, Astronomy: The Solar System and Beyond, Thomson Brooks/Cole, →ISBN:

2008, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Geochemical Society, Oxygen in the solar system, Mineralogical Society of Amer →ISBN
Thus, for the remaining elements, including oxygen, the solid phase appears to be important. In fact, at a metallicity of Z=0.02, and with a gas-to-dust ratio of 100, about half of the metals — including oxygen — are contained in the solid phase.

Metals include oxygen and carbon which means that water and organic molecules would have been abundant in the early universe, perhaps paving the way for the emergence of life within a couple of billion years of the Big Bang.

2015, Alan Longstaff, Astrobiology: An Introduction, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 350:

(astronomy) An element which was not directly created after the Big Bang but instead formed through nuclear reactions; any element other than hydrogen and helium.

One of the most important tasks was the metalling of the roads, and the dumping of metal beside them in parts where it was impossible to lay it, in order that work might commence with the assault. The surface of the roads was good, but only because the Division had been holding a front so wide, which made the traffic upon them relatively light.

1922, Falls Cyril, The History of the 36th (Ulster) Division, M'Caw, Stevenson and Orr, Ltd:

Crushed rock, stones etc. used to make a road.

(mining) The ore from which a metal is derived.

Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond
w:Rossiter W. Raymond

slaves[…]and persons condemned to metals

1660, Jeremy Taylor, Ductor Dubitantium, or the Rule of Conscience in All Her General Measures; […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: […] James Flesher, for Richard Royston […], →OCLC:

(obsolete) A mine from which ores are taken.


dry

en-adj

dry (comparative drier or dryer, superlative driest or dryest)

drier (comparative)
dryer (comparative)
driest (superlative)
dryest (superlative)

wet

antonym(s) of “abstinent from or banning alcohol”

wet

antonym(s) of “not using afterburners or water injection”

wet

of a scientist or lab: doing computation

Sranan Tongo: drei

[d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaɪ̯]

Adjective and noun from Middle English drye, dryge, drüȝe, from Old English drȳġe (“dry; parched, withered”), from Proto-West Germanic *drūgī, *draugī, from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz, *draugiz (“dry, hard”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, support”). The verb derives from Middle English drien, from Old English drȳġan (“to dry”), from Proto-West Germanic *drūgijan, from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz (“hard, desiccated, dry”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“strong, hard, solid”).
cognates and related terms
 Cognate with Scots dry, drey (“dry”), North Frisian drüg, driig, Saterland Frisian druuch (“dry”), West Frisian droech (“dry”), Dutch droog (“dry”), Low German dröög (“dry”), German dröge (“dull”), Icelandic draugur (“a dry log”). Related also to German trocken (“dry”), West Frisian drege (“long-lasting”), Danish drøj (“tough”), Swedish dryg (“lasting, hard”), Icelandic drjúgur (“ample, long”), Latin firmus (“strong, firm, stable, durable”). See also drought, drain, dree.

cog

you don't miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water until the well runs dry

This well is as dry as that cow.

en:unable to produce a liquid, e.g., water, oil, milk

Unable to produce a liquid, as water, (petrochemistry) oil, or (agriculture) milk.


hydrogen

en-noun

hydrogen (countable and uncountable, plural hydrogens)

desc

ဟိုက်ဒရိုဂျင်

→ Burmese: ဟိုက်ဒရိုဂျင် (huikda.ruigyang)

/ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒən/

[ˈhaɪd͡ʒɹəd͡ʒən]

From French hydrogène, coined by Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau, from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + γεννάω (gennáō, “I bring forth”). Corresponding to hydro- + -gen.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:hydrogen.

The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.00794.

Hydrogen is generally considered to be electronically the same as deuterium. […] In both PdHₓ and PdDₓ […] a resistivity maximum is found near 50 K.

The isotope hydrogen-1 (also symbol H), contrasting with deuterium and tritium


hydrogen

head

hydrogen n (singular definite hydrogenet, not used in plural form)


hydrogen

hydrogen n (definite singular hydrogenet)


bly

lead (material and chemical element, symbol Pb)


bly

tung som bly


coal

en-noun

coal (countable and uncountable, plural coals)

→ Hausa: kwal

From Middle English cole, from Old English col, from Proto-West Germanic *kol, from Proto-Germanic *kulą (compare West Frisian koal, Dutch kool, German Kohle, Danish kul), from *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”). Compare Old Irish gúal (“coal”), Lithuanian žvìlti (“to twinkle, glow”), Persian زغال (zoğâl, “live coal”), Sanskrit ज्वल् (jval, “to burn, glow”), Tocharian B śoliye (“hearth”), all from the same root.


coal

en-verb

coal (third-person singular simple present coals, present participle coaling, simple past and past participle coaled)

coals (present singular third-person)
coaling (participle present)
coaled (participle past)
coaled (past)

Char-coal of roots, coaled into great pieces.

(transitive) To burn to charcoal; to char.


magnesia

en-noun

magnesia (countable and uncountable, plural magnesias)

From Middle English magnesia, from Late Latin magnesia, from Ancient Greek μαγνησία (magnēsía), after Μαγνησία (Magnēsía), a name of several cities (in Thessaly, Lydia, and Asia Minor). Doublet of Magnesia, magnesium, and manganese, and related to magnet.

doublet

The apocrenates of iron and manganese are slightly soluble; those of lime, magnesia and alumina are insoluble.

1875, Journal of the Bath and West of England Society and Southern Counties Association for the Encouragement of Agriculture, Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, volumes 7-8, page 133:


弗

used phonetically, such as in 弗(ふっ)素(そ) (fusso, “fluorine”)


弗

弗 (canonical)
弗 (canonical)
futsu (romanization)

Originally borrowed from Middle Chinese 弗 (*pjut), meaning either “not” or “a gust of wind”. Apparently later repurposed during the later Edo period for its phonetic value in translating the Dutch fluor (“fluorine”).

(chemistry, chemical elements) fluorine, fluoride

六弗化リン酸リチウム: lithium hexafluorophosphate

ろくふっかりんさんりちうむ


族

(chemistry) a group (column in the periodic table)


氕

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 气 (“gas”) + 丿 (“one”). Also a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声), where 丿 (piě) acts as the phonetic component. Compare 氘 (“deuterium”) and 氚 (“tritium”).
From 丿 (piě, “left falling stroke”) from the glyph, possibly influenced by New Latin protium. In Mandarin, it is pronounced in the first tone by analogy with 氘 (dāo, “deuterium”) and 氚 (chuān, “tritium”).


氙

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 山 (“mountain”). The phonetic component is abbreviated from 仙 (“celestial being”).
Borrowed from English xenon.


氚

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 气 (“gas”) + 川 (“three”). Also a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声), where 川 (chuān) acts as the phonetic component. Compare 氕 (“protium”) and 氘 (“deuterium”).
From 川 (chuān) from the glyph, possibly influenced by New Latin tritium.


氖

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 乃.


氘

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 气 (“gas”) + ⿰丿丨 (“two”). Also a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声), where ⿰丿丨, variant of 刀 (dāo), acts as the phonetic component. Compare 氕 (“protium”) and 氚 (“tritium”).
From 刀 (dāo) from the glyph, possibly influenced by New Latin deuterium.


氡

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 冬.
Borrowed from English radon.


氠

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 申.
Borrowed from English xenon. Obsoleted, as it is homophonous to 砷 (shēn, “arsenic”).


氟

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 弗.
From earlier 弗氣／弗气, 弗素, which is probably an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 弗素, where 弗(ふつ) (futsu) was used phonetically.


氥

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 西.
Borrowed from English xenon. Obsoleted, as it is homophonous to 硒 (xī, “selenium”).


氪

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“air; gas”) + phonetic 克 (kè).


氮

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): semantic 气 (“gas”) + abbreviated phonetic 淡 (dàn, “dilute”).
From 淡 (dàn, “dilute”) in 淡氣／淡气 [19th c.], referring to nitrogen diluting oxygen in the air.


氦

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 亥 (hài).
Borrowed from New Latin helium.


氯

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 彔. 彔 is also a reduced form of 綠 (“green”), serving as a semantic component.
From 綠氣／绿气 (“green gas”) in the 19th century, which is a calque of English chlorine, referring to the colour of chlorine gas.


氫

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): semantic 气 (“air; gas”) + abbreviated phonetic 輕 (qīng, “light; of low density”).
From 輕／轻 (qīng, “light; of low density”) in 輕氣／轻气 [19th c.]. So named as hydrogen gas is lighter than air.


氧

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): semantic 气 (“gas”) + abbreviated phonetic 養 (yǎng, “to nourish”).
From 養／养 (yǎng, “to nourish”) in 養氣／养气 [19th c.], referring to oxygen's role in sustaining life. Derivative: 𨦡／𰽽 (yáng, “oxonium”).


汞

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːŋʔ): phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ) + semantic 水 (“water”)


汞

ja-noun

汞(こう) • (kō)

From Middle Chinese 汞 (ɦuŋ^X, “mercury, quicksilver”).
The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing.


溴

Etymology 1: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 氵 (“water; liquid”) + phonetic 臭 (OC *kʰljus, “stink; odorous”).
Etymology 2: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 氵 (“water; liquid”) + phonetic 臭 (OC *kʰljus, “stink; odorous”).
From 臭 (chòu, “stink; odorous”), semantic loan from Ancient Greek βρῶμος (brômos, “stink”).


silicon dioxide

(chemistry) A hard glassy mineral, SiO₂, occurring as quartz, sand, opal etc. Informally known as silica.


silica

en-noun

silica (countable and uncountable, plural silicas)

From New Latin silica, from Latin silex (“hard stone, flint”), on model of alumina, soda.

Its Blair County property was sited at the foot of ganister-covered Dunnings Mountain to compete with the Mount Union plants making silica bricks for the steel industry.

1993, Historic American Building Survey, Town of Clayburg: Refractories Company Town, National Park Service, 2

Any of the silica group of the silicate minerals.


potassium

potassium (usually uncountable, plural potassiums)

Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1807, from potassa + -ium, from Dutch potasch (“potash”).

coin

potassium magnesium chloride hexahydrate

A soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal that is never found unbound in nature; an element (symbol K) with an atomic number of 19 and atomic weight of 39.0983. The symbol is derived from the Latin kalium.


potassium

Lingala: potasu


sodium

en-noun

sodium (usually uncountable, plural sodiums)

Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1808, from soda + -ium.

coin

The chemical element (symbol Na) with an atomic number of 11 and atomic weight of 22.990. It is a soft, waxy, silvery, reactive alkali metal that is never found unbound in nature.


silicon

From the silicon chips used in computers.


silicon

Borrowed from English silicon, a modification of silicium, from Latin silex (“flint, silica”).


nitrogen

en-noun

nitrogen (countable and uncountable, plural nitrogens)

[ˈnɐɪtʰɹəd͡ʒən]

From French nitrogène (coined by Jean-Antoine Chaptal), corresponding to nitro- + -gen. See niter.

All life depends on nitrogen; it is the building block from which nature assembles amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids; the genetic information that orders and perpetuates life is written in nitrogen ink.

2006, Michael Pollan, The Omnivore's Dilemma, The Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 42:

(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol N) with an atomic number of 7 and atomic weight of 14.0067. It is a colorless and odorless gas.


nitrogen

nitrogenet (definite singular)
nitrogen (indefinite plural)
nitrogena (definite plural)
nitrogenene (definite plural)


nitrogen

head

nitrogen n (definite singular nitrogenet)


nitrogen

/ˈnɪtrɔˌɡɛn/

Borrowed from English nitrogen, from French nitrogène, from French nitre, from Latin nitrum (“niter, natron”), from Ancient Greek νίτρον (nítron), ultimately from Egyptian nṯrj (“natron”).


oxygen

en-noun

oxygen (countable and uncountable, plural oxygens)

→ Burmese: အောက်ဆီဂျင် (aukhcigyang)

/ˈɒksɪd͡ʒən/

/ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/

/ˈɑksəd͡ʒən/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-der.?
Ancient Greek ὀξύς (oxús)
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os
Proto-Hellenic *génos
Ancient Greek γένος (génos)
French oxygènebor.
English oxygen
Borrowed from French oxygène (originally in the form principe oxygène, a variant of principe oxigine ‘acidifying principle’, suggested by Lavoisier), from Ancient Greek ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp”) + γένος (génos, “birth”), referring to oxygen's supposed role in the formation of acids. By surface analysis, oxy- + -gen.

etymon

relative atomic mass
relative atomic mass

The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas.

སྲོག་རླུང

abbr. of སྲོག་འཛིན་རླུང


oxygen

head

oxygen n (singular definite oxygenet, not used in plural form)


砷

Earlier 鉮／𬬹 in 化學鑑原, a translated version of Wells's Principles and Applications of Chemistry. Probably a loan from English arsenic.


矽

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 夕 (xī).
From English silicon. Coined by Chinese scientist Xu Shou in 1871. The term is dated in Mainland China as it is homophonous to 硒 (xī) "selenium" and 錫／锡 (xī) "tin".

coinage

(chemistry, chiefly Taiwan and Hong Kong, dated in Mainland China) silicon


硅

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 圭 (guī).
An orthographic borrowing from Japanese 硅(けい)素(そ) (keiso) (Wu, 2010); pronunciation from its phonetic part 圭 (guī) (ibid.), in turn from Dutch keiaarde (“silicon”). The usage of 矽 (xī) is dated in Mainland China as it is homophonous to 硒 (xī) "selenium" and 錫／锡 (xī) "tin". In Taiwan, these three words are not homophonous.
The 1932 ROC Ministry of Education's Principles of Chemical Nomenclature says

Han compound

硅 is derived and developed from the Japanese name 珪素 (けいそ, keiso). Considering Si is a solid substance, we hence convert the component 王 into 石.

1932, 國立編譯館, 化學命名原則

Guī yóu rì míng guīsù zī yǎn ér chéng, yīn wéi gùtǐ, gù gǎi wáng páng wéi shí.

硅由日名珪素孳演而成，因爲固體，故改王旁爲石。

1932, 國立編譯館, 化學命名原則

硅由日名珪素孳演而成，因为固体，故改王旁为石。


碲

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 帝.
From New Latin tellurium.


碘

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 石 + phonetic 典 (diǎn).
Borrowed from English iodine.


硫

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ru): semantic 石 (“stone”) + abbreviated phonetic 流 (OC *ru).
Derivative: 鋶／锍 (liǔ, “sulfonium”).


磺

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 石 (“rock; stone”) + phonetic 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ).


碳

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 石 (“(chemical nomenclature) non-metal solid”) + 炭 (“charcoal”). Also a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声), with 炭 (tàn) as a phonetic component.
From 炭 (tàn, “charcoal”).

(ecology) carbon emissions (in the context of global warming and climate change)


硼

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 朋.
Originally only used in 硼砂 (“borax”): first attested in 《丹方鑑源》 (Tang dynasty), as 大朋砂. The 硼 here is a loanword; compare Middle Persian bwlk' (bōrag).
The “boron” sense of 硼 is a clipping or back-formation.


磷

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rin, *rins): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins).


oxygenium

la-noun

oxygenium n (genitive oxygeniī); second declension

oxygeniī (genitive)
oxygenium (nominative singular)
oxygenia (nominative plural)
oxygeniī (genitive singular)
oxygeniōrum (genitive plural)
oxygeniō (dative singular)
oxygeniīs (dative plural)
oxygenium (accusative singular)
oxygenia (accusative plural)
oxygeniō (ablative singular)
oxygeniīs (ablative plural)
oxygenium (singular vocative)
oxygenia (plural vocative)

[ɔks̠ʏˈɡɛniʊ̃ˑ]

(New Latin, chemistry) Alternative form of oxygenum


CFC

Potential replacements for the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) chemicals now extensively used as refrigerants, propellants, bubbles in plastic and cleaning fluids have already been identified.

1989 March 7, Malcolm W. Browne, “In Protecting the Atmosphere, Choices Are Costly and Complex”, in The New York Times:

Contrary to his assertion, however, virtually all relevant researchers say the link between CFCs and ozone depletion is based on unassailably solid scientific evidence.

1995, Ross Gelbspan, “The Heat Is On: The Warming of the World’s Climate Sparks a Blaze of Denial”, in Harper's Magazine, footnote 2:

(organic chemistry) Initialism of chlorofluorocarbon, a class of molecules containing chlorine, fluorine and carbon atoms.


coke

→ Portuguese: coque

Perhaps from Middle English coke, colk (“core”), from Old English *colc (“hole, well”), from Proto-West Germanic *kolk, from Proto-Germanic *kulukaz (“a hollow, depression”), from Proto-Indo-European *g(ʷ)el- (“to swallow, devour; gullet”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Kolk (“maelstrom, depression, whirlpool”), West Frisian kolk (“maelstrom, whirlpool”), Dutch kolk (“maelstrom, vortex, whirlpool”), German Kolk (“pothole”).

cog

The plant should produce approximately 550,000 tons of screened blast furnace coke per year.

At Ho-pi (Hopi) in northern Honan two modern shafts were under construction in 1957-8; but the coal from Ho-pi is expected to be of rather poor quality and so will be mixed with rich coal from P'ing-ting-shan (Pingtingshan) in central Honan for coke making.

1963, “The Coal Industry in Mainland China Since 1949”, in The Geographical Journal, volume 129, number 3, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 333:

(uncountable) Solid residue from roasting coal in a coke oven; used principally as a fuel and in the production of steel and formerly as a domestic fuel.


coke

en-verb

coke (third-person singular simple present cokes, present participle coking, simple past and past participle coked)

cokes (present singular third-person)
coking (participle present)
coked (participle past)
coked (past)

In kerolox engines, some of the fuel flow cokes in the engine's cooling passages over time, requiring thorough cleaning prior to reuse.

(especially automotive, astronautics) To add deleterious carbon deposits as a byproduct of combustion.


coke

1909, from the name of the American company Coca-Cola and the beverage it produced; the drink was named for two of its original ingredients, coca leaves and cola nut.

(uncountable, informal) Alternative letter-case form of Coke (cola-based soft drink, especially Coca-Cola).

Coke

(countable, informal) Alternative letter-case form of Coke (a serving of cola-based soft drink, especially Coca-Cola).

Coke

(US, chiefly Southern US, New Mexico, informal) Alternative letter-case form of Coke (any soft drink, regardless of type).


輕

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeŋ, *kʰeŋs): semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ). Explanation of semantic component: light carriage.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-jaːŋ (“light (weight); lightweight”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan ཡང་མོ (yang mo, “light”), Jingpho tsang (tsa̱ŋ³³, “light (of weight)”), Mizo zâng (“light”).

cog

(obsolete, chemistry) Alternative name for 氫／氢 (qīng, “hydrogen”).


釓

For pronunciation and definitions of 釓 – see 釚 (“crossbow latch; unnilennium”).
(This character is a variant form of 釚).


釔

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 乙 (yǐ).


釚

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡu): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 九 (OC *kuʔ).


釷

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 土 (tǔ).
Borrowed from New Latin thorium.


釹

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 女 (nǚ).
From New Latin neodymium.


鈥

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 火 (OC *qʰʷaːlʔ).
Borrowed from New Latin holmium.


釟

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *preːd): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 八 (OC *preːd).


鈦

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 太 (tài).
Borrowed from New Latin titanium.


鉨

For pronunciation and definitions of 鉨 – see 璽 (“imperial seal; royal seal”).
(This character is a variant form of 璽).
Coined in 2017 by the Chinese National Committee for Terms in Sciences and Technologies and State Language Commission.


鉬

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 目 (mù).
From New Latin molybdaenum.


鉍

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *priɡs, *priɡ): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ).


鈾

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).

鈾濃縮

铀浓缩


鈇

For pronunciation and definitions of 鈇 – see 斧 (“axe; hatchet”).
(This character is a variant form of 斧).


鉕

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 叵 (OC *pkʰaːlʔ).
Borrowed from New Latin promethium.


銥

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 衣 (yī)


釩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰomʔ): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 凡 (OC *bom).
From New Latin vanadium.


銩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丢 ().
Borrowed from New Latin thūlium.


鈳

(chemistry, obsolete) columbium; niobium


鉀

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːb, *kraːb) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb, “armour”)
Borrowed from New Latin kalium.


鉄

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 鐵 (MC thet, “iron”). Compare modern Mandarin reading tiě, Hakka thiet.

iron, the metal and the metallic chemical element


鋱

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 忒 (OC *l̥ʰɯːɡ).
Borrowed from New Latin terbium.


鋨

For pronunciation and definitions of 鋨 – see 鐵 (“iron; railway; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 鐵).
Borrowed from New Latin osmium.


petroleum

en-noun

petroleum (countable and uncountable, plural petroleums or petrolea)

From Medieval Latin petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”).

petroleum-based products

Coal and petroleum do not occur hap-hazard in nature, but the aggregate occurrence of each product in any region forms a definite, limited horizon, which, in its continuance, is independent of the bedding plane.

1940, William Plotts, Isogeotherm, Or Monist Theory of Stratified Mineral Occurrence and Origin, page 7:

A flammable liquid ranging in color from clear to very dark brown and black, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons, occurring naturally in deposits under the Earth's surface.


petroleum

petroleum (nominative singular)
petroleum (genitive singular)
petroleum (dative singular)
petroleum (accusative singular)
petroleum (instrumental singular)
petroleum (locative singular)
petroleum (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin petroleum. First attested in 1534.


鈁

(Mainland China, Hong Kong, chemistry) francium


鋰

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 里.
Borrowed from New Latin lithium.


錼

(chemistry, Taiwan, obsolete in Mainland China) neptunium


鉺

For pronunciation and definitions of 鉺 – see 鏗 (“to strike; to hit; jingling”).
(This character is a variant form of 鏗).
Borrowed from New Latin erbium.


鋂

For pronunciation and definitions of 鋂 – see 萌 (“to bud; to sprout; to germinate; to begin; to start; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 萌).


錸

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 來 (OC *m·rɯːɡ).
Borrowed from New Latin rhenium.


錳

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 孟.
From New Latin manganum.


鋁

→ Zhuang: lij

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 呂.
Borrowed from New Latin aluminium.


鈹

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰral): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 皮.
From New Latin beryllium.


helium

en-noun

helium (countable and uncountable, plural heliums)

From New Latin helium, from Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”) (because its presence was first theorised in the Sun's atmosphere) with the suffix + -ium. Probably coined by Norman Lockyer. This suffix is unusual, because it is usually used only for metallic elements. It is likely that Lockyer, being an astronomer, was unaware of the usual chemical conventions.

It was an enormous balloon filled with helium, that elemental gas forged from hydrogen in the nuclear furnace of the stars.

1997, Ian McEwan, Enduring Love, Vintage (1998), page 3:

(uncountable) The second lightest chemical element (symbol He) with an atomic number of 2 and atomic weight of 4.002602, a colorless, odorless and inert noble gas.


helium

helium (nominative singular)
helia (nominative plural)
helia (genitive singular)
helií (genitive plural)
heliu (dative singular)
heliím (dative plural)
helium (accusative singular)
helia (accusative plural)
helium (singular vocative)
helia (plural vocative)
heliu (locative singular)
heliích (locative plural)
heliem (instrumental singular)
helii (instrumental plural)


helium

head

helium n (definite singular heliummet or heliumet)

heliummet (definite singular)
heliumet (definite singular)

(uncountable) helium (chemical symbol He)


helium

Borrowed from English helium. Derived from Ancient Greek ἥλῐος (hḗlios).


helium

helium (nominative singular)
heliumit (nominative plural)
helium (accusative nominative singular)
heliumit (accusative nominative plural)
heliumin (accusative genitive singular)
heliumit (accusative genitive plural)
heliumin (genitive singular)
heliumien (genitive plural)
heliumia (partitive singular)
heliumeja (partitive plural)
heliumissa (inessive singular)
heliumeissa (inessive plural)
heliumista (elative singular)
heliumeista (elative plural)
heliumiin (illative singular)
heliumeihin (illative plural)
heliumilla (adessive singular)
heliumeilla (adessive plural)
heliumilta (ablative singular)
heliumeilta (ablative plural)
heliumille (allative singular)
heliumeille (allative plural)
heliumina (essive singular)
heliumeina (essive plural)
heliumiksi (singular translative)
heliumeiksi (plural translative)
heliumitta (abessive singular)
heliumeitta (abessive plural)
heliumein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
heliumini (nominative singular)
heliumini (nominative plural)
heliumini (accusative nominative singular)
heliumini (accusative nominative plural)
heliumini (accusative genitive singular)
heliumini (accusative genitive plural)
heliumini (genitive singular)
heliumieni (genitive plural)
heliumiani (partitive singular)
heliumejani (partitive plural)
heliumissani (inessive singular)
heliumeissani (inessive plural)
heliumistani (elative singular)
heliumeistani (elative plural)
heliumiini (illative singular)
heliumeihini (illative plural)
heliumillani (adessive singular)
heliumeillani (adessive plural)
heliumiltani (ablative singular)
heliumeiltani (ablative plural)
heliumilleni (allative singular)
heliumeilleni (allative plural)
heliuminani (essive singular)
heliumeinani (essive plural)
heliumikseni (singular translative)
heliumeikseni (plural translative)
heliumittani (abessive singular)
heliumeittani (abessive plural)
heliumeineni (comitative plural)
heliumisi (nominative singular)
heliumisi (nominative plural)
heliumisi (accusative nominative singular)
heliumisi (accusative nominative plural)
heliumisi (accusative genitive singular)
heliumisi (accusative genitive plural)
heliumisi (genitive singular)
heliumiesi (genitive plural)
heliumiasi (partitive singular)
heliumejasi (partitive plural)
heliumissasi (inessive singular)
heliumeissasi (inessive plural)
heliumistasi (elative singular)
heliumeistasi (elative plural)
heliumiisi (illative singular)
heliumeihisi (illative plural)
heliumillasi (adessive singular)
heliumeillasi (adessive plural)
heliumiltasi (ablative singular)
heliumeiltasi (ablative plural)
heliumillesi (allative singular)
heliumeillesi (allative plural)
heliuminasi (essive singular)
heliumeinasi (essive plural)
heliumiksesi (singular translative)
heliumeiksesi (plural translative)
heliumittasi (abessive singular)
heliumeittasi (abessive plural)
heliumeinesi (comitative plural)
heliumimme (nominative singular)
heliumimme (nominative plural)
heliumimme (accusative nominative singular)
heliumimme (accusative nominative plural)
heliumimme (accusative genitive singular)
heliumimme (accusative genitive plural)
heliumimme (genitive singular)
heliumiemme (genitive plural)
heliumiamme (partitive singular)
heliumejamme (partitive plural)
heliumissamme (inessive singular)
heliumeissamme (inessive plural)
heliumistamme (elative singular)
heliumeistamme (elative plural)
heliumiimme (illative singular)
heliumeihimme (illative plural)
heliumillamme (adessive singular)
heliumeillamme (adessive plural)
heliumiltamme (ablative singular)
heliumeiltamme (ablative plural)
heliumillemme (allative singular)
heliumeillemme (allative plural)
heliuminamme (essive singular)
heliumeinamme (essive plural)
heliumiksemme (singular translative)
heliumeiksemme (plural translative)
heliumittamme (abessive singular)
heliumeittamme (abessive plural)
heliumeinemme (comitative plural)
heliuminne (nominative singular)
heliuminne (nominative plural)
heliuminne (accusative nominative singular)
heliuminne (accusative nominative plural)
heliuminne (accusative genitive singular)
heliuminne (accusative genitive plural)
heliuminne (genitive singular)
heliumienne (genitive plural)
heliumianne (partitive singular)
heliumejanne (partitive plural)
heliumissanne (inessive singular)
heliumeissanne (inessive plural)
heliumistanne (elative singular)
heliumeistanne (elative plural)
heliumiinne (illative singular)
heliumeihinne (illative plural)
heliumillanne (adessive singular)
heliumeillanne (adessive plural)
heliumiltanne (ablative singular)
heliumeiltanne (ablative plural)
heliumillenne (allative singular)
heliumeillenne (allative plural)
heliuminanne (essive singular)
heliumeinanne (essive plural)
heliumiksenne (singular translative)
heliumeiksenne (plural translative)
heliumittanne (abessive singular)
heliumeittanne (abessive plural)
heliumeinenne (comitative plural)
heliuminsa (nominative singular)
heliuminsa (nominative plural)
heliuminsa (accusative nominative singular)
heliuminsa (accusative nominative plural)
heliuminsa (accusative genitive singular)
heliuminsa (accusative genitive plural)
heliuminsa (genitive singular)
heliumiensa (genitive plural)
heliumiaan (partitive singular)
heliumiansa (partitive singular)
heliumejaan (partitive plural)
heliumejansa (partitive plural)
heliumissaan (inessive singular)
heliumissansa (inessive singular)
heliumeissaan (inessive plural)
heliumeissansa (inessive plural)
heliumistaan (elative singular)
heliumistansa (elative singular)
heliumeistaan (elative plural)
heliumeistansa (elative plural)
heliumiinsa (illative singular)
heliumeihinsa (illative plural)
heliumillaan (adessive singular)
heliumillansa (adessive singular)
heliumeillaan (adessive plural)
heliumeillansa (adessive plural)
heliumiltaan (ablative singular)
heliumiltansa (ablative singular)
heliumeiltaan (ablative plural)
heliumeiltansa (ablative plural)
heliumilleen (allative singular)
heliumillensa (allative singular)
heliumeilleen (allative plural)
heliumeillensa (allative plural)
heliuminaan (essive singular)
heliuminansa (essive singular)
heliumeinaan (essive plural)
heliumeinansa (essive plural)
heliumikseen (singular translative)
heliumiksensa (singular translative)
heliumeikseen (plural translative)
heliumeiksensa (plural translative)
heliumittaan (abessive singular)
heliumittansa (abessive singular)
heliumeittaan (abessive plural)
heliumeittansa (abessive plural)
heliumeineen (comitative plural)
heliumeinensa (comitative plural)


helium

la-noun

hēlium n (genitive hēliī); second declension

hēlium (canonical neuter)
hēliī (genitive)
hēlium (nominative singular)
hēlia (nominative plural)
hēliī (genitive singular)
hēliōrum (genitive plural)
hēliō (dative singular)
hēliīs (dative plural)
hēlium (accusative singular)
hēlia (accusative plural)
hēliō (ablative singular)
hēliīs (ablative plural)
hēlium (singular vocative)
hēlia (plural vocative)

→ Italian: elio

[ˈheːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”) + -ium (chemical element suffix).


helium

هيليوم (Jawi)

From English helium, from New Latin helium, from Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios).


helium

hēlium (canonical)
hēlium (nominative singular)
hēliumat (nominative plural)
hēliuma (accusative singular)
hēliumiid (accusative plural)
hēliuma (genitive singular)
hēliumiid (genitive plural)
hēliumii (illative singular)
hēliumiidda (illative plural)
hēliumis (locative singular)
hēliumiin (locative plural)
hēliumiin (comitative singular)
hēliumiiguin (comitative plural)
hēliumin (essive)
hēliuman (first-person possessive singular)
hēliumeamẹ (dual first-person possessive)
hēliumeamẹt (first-person plural possessive)
hēliumat (possessive second-person singular)
hēliumeattẹ (dual possessive second-person)
hēliumeattẹt (plural possessive second-person)
hēliumis (possessive singular third-person)
hēliumeaskkạ (dual possessive third-person)
hēliumeasẹt (plural possessive third-person)


helium

head

helium n (definite singular heliumet or heliet or helium)

heliumet (definite singular)
heliet (definite singular)
helium (definite singular)
helium (indefinite nominative singular)

en heliumballong


鐦

For pronunciation and definitions of 鐦 – see 魁 (“first; leading; best; chief; leader; head; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 魁).


錒

→ Zhuang: ah


鐠

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 普 (OC *pʰaːʔ).
From New Latin praseodymium.


鐿

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs).
Borrowed from New Latin ytterbium.


鍺

(historical) a metal plain bearing used in wheel axles on vehicles


鑥

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 魯 (OC *raːʔ, “lǔ”).
From New Latin lutetium.


鎂

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 美 (měi).
Borrowed from New Latin magnesium.


鏌

Coined in 2017 by the Chinese National Committee for Terms in Sciences and Technologies and State Language Commission.


鉈

铊
釶
鉇
𥍢
鍦
𥍸
𨧯
铊
砣
铊


scandium

A metallic chemical element, atomic number 21, obtained from some uranium ores; it is a transition element.


scandium

→ Lingala: sekandu


scandium

la-noun

scandium n (genitive scandiī); second declension

scandiī (genitive)
scandium (nominative singular)
scandia (nominative plural)
scandiī (genitive singular)
scandiōrum (genitive plural)
scandiō (dative singular)
scandiīs (dative plural)
scandium (accusative singular)
scandia (accusative plural)
scandiō (ablative singular)
scandiīs (ablative plural)
scandium (singular vocative)
scandia (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠kän̪d̪iʊ̃ˑ]

Coined in 1869 by chemist Lars Fredrik Nilson, derived from Scandia (“Scandinavia”) + -ium (chemical element suffix).


praseodymium

en-noun

praseodymium (usually uncountable, plural praseodymiums)

From Ancient Greek πράσιος (prásios, “leek-green”) + didymium.

uder

A chemical element (symbol Pr) with an atomic number of 59, a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile metal, valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties.


praseodymium

la-noun

praseodymium n (genitive praseodymiī); second declension

praseodymiī (genitive)
praseodymium (nominative singular)
praseodymia (nominative plural)
praseodymiī (genitive singular)
praseodymiōrum (genitive plural)
praseodymiō (dative singular)
praseodymiīs (dative plural)
praseodymium (accusative singular)
praseodymia (accusative plural)
praseodymiō (ablative singular)
praseodymiīs (ablative plural)
praseodymium (singular vocative)
praseodymia (plural vocative)

[präs̠eɔˈd̪ʏmiʊ̃ˑ]


aluminum

en-noun

aluminum (countable and uncountable, plural aluminums)

Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1812, after the earlier 1807 New Latin form alumium. By surface analysis, Latin alumen + -um

coin

US, Canadian, and Philippines standard spelling of aluminium.

aluminium

internationally in science, non-US English


鎦

(Taiwan, obsolete in Mainland China, chemistry) lutetium


ununquadium

la-noun

ūnūnquadium n (genitive ūnūnquadiī); second declension

ūnūnquadium (canonical neuter)
ūnūnquadiī (genitive)
ūnūnquadium (nominative singular)
ūnūnquadia (nominative plural)
ūnūnquadiī (genitive singular)
ūnūnquadiōrum (genitive plural)
ūnūnquadiō (dative singular)
ūnūnquadiīs (dative plural)
ūnūnquadium (accusative singular)
ūnūnquadia (accusative plural)
ūnūnquadiō (ablative singular)
ūnūnquadiīs (ablative plural)
ūnūnquadium (singular vocative)
ūnūnquadia (plural vocative)

[uːnuːŋˈkʷäd̪iʊ̃ˑ]


chromium

en-noun

chromium (countable and uncountable, plural chromiums)

From New Latin, from French chrome (from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”)) + -ium. So called because of the striking colors of its compounds.

A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.

ཚོན་ལྕགས (tshon lcags, literally “colored iron”)


chromium

la-noun

chrōmium n (genitive chrōmiī); second declension

chrōmium (canonical neuter)
chrōmiī (genitive)
chrōmium (nominative singular)
chrōmia (nominative plural)
chrōmiī (genitive singular)
chrōmiōrum (genitive plural)
chrōmiō (dative singular)
chrōmiīs (dative plural)
chrōmium (accusative singular)
chrōmia (accusative plural)
chrōmiō (ablative singular)
chrōmiīs (ablative plural)
chrōmium (singular vocative)
chrōmia (plural vocative)

→ Burmese: ခရိုမီယမ် (hka.ruimiyam)

→ Chinese: 鉻／铬 (gè)

→ Cornish: cromyum

→ English: chromium

→ Greek: χρώμιο (chrómio)

→ Hindi: क्रोमियम (kromiyam)

→ Irish: cróimiam

→ Korean: 크로뮴 (keuromyum)

→ Malay: kromium

→ Maltese: kromju

→ Manx: cromium

→ Maori: koromiama

→ Portuguese: crómio, crômio

→ Scottish Gaelic: cròimiam

→ Swahili: chromi

→ Thai: โครเมียม (kroo-mîiam)

→ Urdu: کرومیم (kromiyam)

→ Welsh: cromiwm

→ Yiddish: קראָומיאַם (kroumyam)


zirconium

en-noun

zirconium (countable and uncountable, plural zirconiums)

From a New Latin coinage, from zircon. Doublet of jargonium.

Do you like how I dance? / I've got zirconium pants / Consequential enough / To slip you into a trance

2005, Tally Hall (lyrics and music), “Ruler of Everything”, in Marvin's Marvelous Mechanical Museum:

A chemical element (symbol Zr) with an atomic number of 40, a strong, lustrous, grey-white transition metal mainly used as a refractory and opacifier.


zirconium

la-noun

zircōnium n (genitive zircōniī); second declension

zircōnium (canonical neuter)
zircōniī (genitive)
zircōnium (nominative singular)
zircōnia (nominative plural)
zircōniī (genitive singular)
zircōniōrum (genitive plural)
zircōniō (dative singular)
zircōniīs (dative plural)
zircōnium (accusative singular)
zircōnia (accusative plural)
zircōniō (ablative singular)
zircōniīs (ablative plural)
zircōnium (singular vocative)
zircōnia (plural vocative)

[d̪͡z̪ɪrˈkoːniʊ̃ˑ]


ununoctium

ūnūnoctium n (genitive ūnūnoctiī); second declension

ūnūnoctium (canonical neuter)
ūnūnoctiī (genitive)
ūnūnoctium (nominative singular)
ūnūnoctia (nominative plural)
ūnūnoctiī (genitive singular)
ūnūnoctiōrum (genitive plural)
ūnūnoctiō (dative singular)
ūnūnoctiīs (dative plural)
ūnūnoctium (accusative singular)
ūnūnoctia (accusative plural)
ūnūnoctiō (ablative singular)
ūnūnoctiīs (ablative plural)
ūnūnoctium (singular vocative)
ūnūnoctia (plural vocative)

Italian: ununoctio

Derived from ūn(us) (“one”) + ūn(us) + oct(ō) (“eight”) + -ium (chemical element suffix), in reference to the element's atomic number (118).


ununoctium

sk-noun

ununoctium n (genitive singular ununoctia, declension pattern of mesto)

ununoctia (genitive singular)
mesto (declension-pattern-of)


ununhexium

la-noun

ūnūnhexium n (genitive ūnūnhexiī); second declension

ūnūnhexium (canonical neuter)
ūnūnhexiī (genitive)
ūnūnhexium (nominative singular)
ūnūnhexia (nominative plural)
ūnūnhexiī (genitive singular)
ūnūnhexiōrum (genitive plural)
ūnūnhexiō (dative singular)
ūnūnhexiīs (dative plural)
ūnūnhexium (accusative singular)
ūnūnhexia (accusative plural)
ūnūnhexiō (ablative singular)
ūnūnhexiīs (ablative plural)
ūnūnhexium (singular vocative)
ūnūnhexia (plural vocative)

Derived from ūn(us) (“one”) + ūn(us) + hex(a)- (“six”) + -ium (chemical element suffix), in reference to the element's atomic number (116).


tantalum

en-noun

tantalum (countable and uncountable, plural tantalums)

A New Latin word derived by Swedish chemist Anders Gustaf Ekeberg in 1802, from Latin Tantalus, named after Tantalus, alluding to the element's incapacity to absorb acid. See -ium.

A chemical element (symbol Ta) with atomic number 73: a rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant.


tantalum

la-noun

tantalum n (genitive tantalī); second declension

tantalī (genitive)
tantalum (nominative singular)
tantala (nominative plural)
tantalī (genitive singular)
tantalōrum (genitive plural)
tantalō (dative singular)
tantalīs (dative plural)
tantalum (accusative singular)
tantala (accusative plural)
tantalō (ablative singular)
tantalīs (ablative plural)
tantalum (singular vocative)
tantala (plural vocative)

[ˈt̪än̪t̪äɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]


tantalum

[tɑ˧nˈʃaː˨lɔ˧m]


protactinium

A chemical element (symbol Pa) with atomic number 91: a dense, silvery-gray actinide metal.


protactinium

prōtactīnium n (genitive prōtactīniī); second declension

prōtactīnium (canonical neuter)
prōtactīniī (genitive)
prōtactīnium (nominative singular)
prōtactīnia (nominative plural)
prōtactīniī (genitive singular)
prōtactīniōrum (genitive plural)
prōtactīniō (dative singular)
prōtactīniīs (dative plural)
prōtactīnium (accusative singular)
prōtactīnia (accusative plural)
prōtactīniō (ablative singular)
prōtactīniīs (ablative plural)
prōtactīnium (singular vocative)
prōtactīnia (plural vocative)


鉛

Perhaps related to Goguryeo 乃勿 (*namur). Compare Korean 납 (nap).


technetium

From Ancient Greek τεχνητός (tekhnētós, “artificial, manmade”) + -ium, because it was the first manmade element synthesized.

der

A metallic chemical element (symbol Tc) with an atomic number of 43.

ekamanganese

name given by Dmitri Mendeleev to the then undiscovered element at the position of technetium in his periodic table


technetium

la-noun

technētium n (genitive technētiī); second declension

technētium (canonical neuter)
technētiī (genitive)
technētium (nominative singular)
technētia (nominative plural)
technētiī (genitive singular)
technētiōrum (genitive plural)
technētiō (dative singular)
technētiīs (dative plural)
technētium (accusative singular)
technētia (accusative plural)
technētiō (ablative singular)
technētiīs (ablative plural)
technētium (singular vocative)
technētia (plural vocative)

[t̪ɛkʰˈneːt̪iʊ̃ˑ]


technetium

[tæxˈneː˨ʃɔ˧m]


promethium

1945. From the name of the Greek god Prometheus, who stole the fire from Mount Olympus and brought it down to mankind + -ium.

A metallic chemical element (symbol Pm) with an atomic number of 61.


promethium

promēthium n (genitive promēthiī); second declension

promēthium (canonical neuter)
promēthiī (genitive)
promēthium (nominative singular)
promēthia (nominative plural)
promēthiī (genitive singular)
promēthiōrum (genitive plural)
promēthiō (dative singular)
promēthiīs (dative plural)
promēthium (accusative singular)
promēthia (accusative plural)
promēthiō (ablative singular)
promēthiīs (ablative plural)
promēthium (singular vocative)
promēthia (plural vocative)

[prɔˈmeːt̪ʰiʊ̃ˑ]


promethium

[pɘʁˈmeː˨ðɖɔ˧m]


astatine

en-noun

astatine (countable and uncountable, plural astatines)

From Ancient Greek ἄστατος (ástatos, “unstable”) + -ine.

der

Astatine, for instance, is practically unstudied. It has a name and a place on the periodic table (next to Marie Curie's polonium), but almost nothing else.

2003, Bill Bryson, A Short History of Nearly Everything, BCA, page 221:

A highly radioactive chemical element (symbol At), one of the halogens, with atomic number 85.


yttrium

en-noun

yttrium (usually uncountable, plural yttriums)

From Ytterby + -ium, named after Ytterby, Sweden, the same etymological source as terbium, erbium, and ytterbium.

A silvery metallic chemical element (symbol Y) with an atomic number of 39, mainly found in combination with lanthanide elements in rare-earth minerals.


yttrium

yttrium (nominative singular)
yttria (nominative plural)
yttria (genitive singular)
yttrií (genitive plural)
yttriu (dative singular)
yttriím (dative plural)
yttrium (accusative singular)
yttria (accusative plural)
yttrium (singular vocative)
yttria (plural vocative)
yttriu (locative singular)
yttriích (locative plural)
yttriem (instrumental singular)
yttrii (instrumental plural)

yttrium (metallic chemical element with an atomic number of 39)


yttrium

yttrium (nominative singular)
yttrium (accusative nominative singular)
yttriumin (accusative genitive singular)
yttriumin (genitive singular)
yttriumia (partitive singular)
yttriumissa (inessive singular)
yttriumista (elative singular)
yttriumiin (illative singular)
yttriumilla (adessive singular)
yttriumilta (ablative singular)
yttriumille (allative singular)
yttriumina (essive singular)
yttriumiksi (singular translative)
yttriumitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
yttriumini (nominative singular)
yttriumini (accusative nominative singular)
yttriumini (accusative genitive singular)
yttriumini (genitive singular)
yttriumiani (partitive singular)
yttriumissani (inessive singular)
yttriumistani (elative singular)
yttriumiini (illative singular)
yttriumillani (adessive singular)
yttriumiltani (ablative singular)
yttriumilleni (allative singular)
yttriuminani (essive singular)
yttriumikseni (singular translative)
yttriumittani (abessive singular)
yttriumisi (nominative singular)
yttriumisi (accusative nominative singular)
yttriumisi (accusative genitive singular)
yttriumisi (genitive singular)
yttriumiasi (partitive singular)
yttriumissasi (inessive singular)
yttriumistasi (elative singular)
yttriumiisi (illative singular)
yttriumillasi (adessive singular)
yttriumiltasi (ablative singular)
yttriumillesi (allative singular)
yttriuminasi (essive singular)
yttriumiksesi (singular translative)
yttriumittasi (abessive singular)
yttriumimme (nominative singular)
yttriumimme (accusative nominative singular)
yttriumimme (accusative genitive singular)
yttriumimme (genitive singular)
yttriumiamme (partitive singular)
yttriumissamme (inessive singular)
yttriumistamme (elative singular)
yttriumiimme (illative singular)
yttriumillamme (adessive singular)
yttriumiltamme (ablative singular)
yttriumillemme (allative singular)
yttriuminamme (essive singular)
yttriumiksemme (singular translative)
yttriumittamme (abessive singular)
yttriuminne (nominative singular)
yttriuminne (accusative nominative singular)
yttriuminne (accusative genitive singular)
yttriuminne (genitive singular)
yttriumianne (partitive singular)
yttriumissanne (inessive singular)
yttriumistanne (elative singular)
yttriumiinne (illative singular)
yttriumillanne (adessive singular)
yttriumiltanne (ablative singular)
yttriumillenne (allative singular)
yttriuminanne (essive singular)
yttriumiksenne (singular translative)
yttriumittanne (abessive singular)
yttriuminsa (nominative singular)
yttriuminsa (accusative nominative singular)
yttriuminsa (accusative genitive singular)
yttriuminsa (genitive singular)
yttriumiaan (partitive singular)
yttriumiansa (partitive singular)
yttriumissaan (inessive singular)
yttriumissansa (inessive singular)
yttriumistaan (elative singular)
yttriumistansa (elative singular)
yttriumiinsa (illative singular)
yttriumillaan (adessive singular)
yttriumillansa (adessive singular)
yttriumiltaan (ablative singular)
yttriumiltansa (ablative singular)
yttriumilleen (allative singular)
yttriumillensa (allative singular)
yttriuminaan (essive singular)
yttriuminansa (essive singular)
yttriumikseen (singular translative)
yttriumiksensa (singular translative)
yttriumittaan (abessive singular)
yttriumittansa (abessive singular)


yttrium

la-noun

yttrium n (genitive yttriī); second declension

yttriī (genitive)
yttrium (nominative singular)
yttria (nominative plural)
yttriī (genitive singular)
yttriōrum (genitive plural)
yttriō (dative singular)
yttriīs (dative plural)
yttrium (accusative singular)
yttria (accusative plural)
yttriō (ablative singular)
yttriīs (ablative plural)
yttrium (singular vocative)
yttria (plural vocative)

[ˈʏt̪ːriʊ̃ˑ]


yttrium

yttrium (indefinite nominative singular)