Jammu and Kashmir

جَامُو وَكَشْمِير

portion of the territory which is governed by India

An autonomous territory administered by Pakistan. Capital: Muzaffarabad


Punjab

From Punjabi ਪੰਜਾਬ / پنجاب (pañjāb), from Classical Persian پَنْجَاب (panjāb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from پَنْج (panj, “five”) and آب (āb, “water”), referring to five rivers of the Punjab region: the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Sutlej and the Beas. The Persian term is a translation of Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from पञ्च (pañca, “five”) and नद (nada, “river”).


Kangar

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa#English

A street in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.


Hyderabad

/ˈhaɪdəɹəbɑːd/

Ali Ibn Abi Talib
Hyderabad, India
Hyderabad, Sindh

Borrowed from Hindi हैदराबाद (haidarābād) / Urdu حیدرآباد (haidarābād), from हैदर (haidar) / حیدر (haidar, “lion”) + -आबाद (-ābād) / آباد (ābād, “-ābād”, placename suffix). Named in honour of the Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib, nicknamed "Haidar" for his lion-like valour in battles.


Kabul

A river rising in the Hindu Kush of northeastern Maidan Wardak, Afghanistan and flowing roughly 700 kilometers before merging into the Indus river at Attock, Pakistan.


Indus

Borrowed from Latin Indus, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (h-i-du-u-š /hiⁿduš/), from Proto-Iranian *hínduš (compare Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬧𐬛𐬎 (hiṇdu)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš or borrowed from Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu) (whence Sindh).

Floods in the river Sutlej – which originates in Tibet and crosses India before merging into the Indus river – has completely cut off several villages and areas in Pakistan, submerging hundreds of hectares of farmland.

2023 August 29, “Pakistan raises flood alert in eastern region as over 128,000 evacuated”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2024-04-24:

A major river in China, India and Pakistan, rising in Tibet and flowing into the Arabian Sea.


Panjab

Borrowed from Punjabi پنجاب (Panjāb), from Persian پنجاب (panj-âb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”).

der

Punjab (a province of Pakistan; capital: Lahore)


صدر

ur-noun

صَدْر • (sadr) m (formal plural صُدُور (sudūr), Hindi spelling सदर)

صَدْر (canonical)
sadr (romanization)
صُدُور (formal plural)
सदर (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian صَدْر (sadr), from Arabic صَدْر (ṣadr).

bor+

Saddar (a neighbourhood of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan).


Thomas Montgomerie designated the mountain K2 in 1856 for being the second peak of the Karakoram range.

Here we have K², the highest mountain at present open to Europeans to attempt, only 750 feet lower than Mount Everest.²

[1912, Filippo De Filippi, Karakoram and Western Himalaya, 1909, New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 12:

On the morning of July 31, the mountain rose spangled in the summer sun 2,300 feet above Achille Compagnoni and Lino Lacedelli. Strapping on three oxygen tanks, the two men faced toward K2's last fastness.

1954 October 11, “Assault on the Summit: The Conquerors' Account”, in Life, volume 37, number 15, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 33:

What is there on the summit of K2, that would entice a climber to risk everything?

2001, Heidi Howkins, K2: One Woman's Quest for the Summit, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page v:

Meyer’s team was one of eight international expeditions that were setting off on the final day of their ascent of K2, at 28,251 feet the second-tallest mountain on earth. K2 was nearly 800 feet shorter than Everest, the world’s highest peak, but it was considered much more difficult, and more deadly.

2010, Graham Bowley, No Way Down: Life and Death on K2, HarperCollins, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page xx:

I'm super excited to be on the summit of K2! No Ox! (coughs) It was hard.

2020, Carla Perez, 42:40 from the start, in Breathtaking: K2 - The World's Most Dangerous Mountain | Eddie Bauer, YouTube, Eddie Bauer, archived from the original on 2020-05-22:

Even a successful spring or summer climb of K2 is rare. Fewer than 400 climbers have been to its apex. More people have been to outer space than have stood its summit.

2021 January 19, Adam Skolnick, Bhadra Sharma, “How Climbers Reached the Summit of K2 in Winter for the First Time”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-01-19, Sports:

A 19-year-old Pakistani has become the youngest person to summit K2, the world's second highest mountain, the Alpine Club of Pakistan said on Tuesday. Shehroze Kashif reached the 8,611 metre (28,251 foot) summit at 8:10 a.m. on Tuesday.

2021 July 27, Umar Farooq, “Pakistani, 19, becomes youngest person to summit K2”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-07-27:

Climbers have warned of overcrowding on K2 — the world’s second highest mountain and one of its deadliest — after a sherpa took video of queues snaking towards the summit.

2022 August 1, Emma Yeomans, Fiona Kingston, “Overcrowding on K2 as climbers queue to reach peak”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-08-01, UK News:

A mountain on the border between Pakistan and Taxkorgan, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang, China, the world’s second highest mountain, located in the Ladakh Karakorams.


K2 (a mountain in Himalayas, the world’s second highest mountain)


Sindh

Borrowed from Urdu سندھ (sindh), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu, “river”).

One of the southern provinces of Pakistan, whose capital is Karachi, notably the area in which the Indus Valley Civilisation flourished.


Karachi

/kəˈrɑːt͡ʃi/

From Urdu کراچی (karācī) and Sindhi ڪراچي (karācī), from earlier کولاچی (kolācī), named after Mai Kolachi.

Karachi, colourful buses, colourless buildings, graffitied walls, billboards advertising mobile phones and soft drinks and ice cream, birds circling in the white-hot sky.

2017, Kamila Shamsie, Home Fire, Bloomsbury (2018), page 208:

The largest city in Pakistan situated along the Arabian Sea, as well as the provincial capital of Sindh Province.

كَرَاتْشِي

the capital of the province of Sindh, Pakistan


Karachi

Karachi (a city, the capital of the province of Sindh, Pakistan)


Karachi

Karachi (the capital of Sindh, Pakistan)


Clifton

en-proper noun

Clifton (countable and uncountable, plural Cliftons)

*Literally meaning "town by a cliff." From Old English clif (“cliff”) + tūn (“town”). Analyzable as cliff + -ton.
*In Oregon County, Missouri, from Cliff + -ton. From being named after a Cliff, or which may be clipped to Clif.

A placename
A neighborhood of Karachi, Pakistan.


हैदराबाद

hi-proper noun

हैदराबाद • (haidrābād) m (Urdu spelling حیدر آباد)

haidrābād (romanization)
حیدر آباد (Urdu)
हैदराबाद (direct singular)
हैदराबाद (oblique singular)
हैदराबाद (singular vocative)

/ɦɛːd̪.ɾɑː.bɑːd̪/

[ɦɛːd̪.ɾäː.bäːd̪]

Ultimately from हैदर (haidar, “lion; name of Ali, son-in-law of Mohammed”) + -आबाद (-ābād, “placename suffix”).


हैदराबाद

head

हैदराबाद • (haidrābād) n

mr-proper noun

हैदराबाद • (haidrābād) n


Islamabad

/ɪzˈlɑːməˌbɑːd/

/ɪsˈlɑːməˌbɑːd/

From Urdu اسلام آباد (Islām ābād), from اسلام (“Islam”) + آباد (ābād, “inhabited place”). Romanized form Islam + -abad.

bor

Urdu اسلام آباد (Islām ābād)

Islamabad Capital Territory
Islamabad Capital Territory

The capital city of Pakistan, located within the Islamabad Capital Territory.


Islamabad

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan)


Islamabad

pl-prop

Islamabad m inan (related adjective islamabadzki)

islamabadzki (adjective)
Islamabad (nominative singular)
Islamabadu (genitive singular)
Islamabadowi (dative singular)
Islamabad (accusative singular)
Islamabadem (instrumental singular)
Islamabadzie (locative singular)
Islamabadzie (singular vocative)


Islamabad

sk-proper noun

Islamabad m inan (genitive singular Islamabadu, declension pattern of dub)

Islamabadu (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)


Federally Administered Tribal Areas

administrative region
administrative region

A former administrative region of Pakistan located between Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and Afghanistan, now part of the former.


Khunjerab Pass

In addition, several thousand P.L.A. troops are said to be stationed in the Khunjerab Pass on the Xinjiang border to protect Karakoram Highway construction crews, with ready access to Gilgit-Baltistan.

2010 September 8, Selig S. Harrison, “China's Presence in Pakistan”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-09-23, Opinion:

The Karakoram Highway, which links China and Pakistan over the 15,400-foot Khunjerab Pass, winds through some spectacular gorges along the route of the old Silk Road. The international "Friendship Highway," which isn't even paved on the Pakistani side, is so unstable and prone to flash floods that almost 900 workers died during its construction, mostly crushed by landslides.

2013 October 15, “World's most dangerous roads”, in USA Today, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-11-10:

On the Chinese side we drove up the 4,700-meter-high Khunjerab Pass from Kashgar - which was like driving through the Black Forest to Lake Titisee. At the border station the road ended abruptly, cut off like a piece of cake, before continuing a good meter lower down. The comfortable, tarred road suddenly became a dangerous, rough, rubble-strewn one.

2015 April 24, Frank Sieren, “Sieren's China: Beijing's 'Marshall Plan' for Pakistan”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2015-08-29, China:

A mountain pass that connects Xinjiang region of China with Northern Areas of Pakistan. It is the highest point on Karakoram Highway, at an altitude of 4,693 metres (15,397 feet), which makes it the highest paved international border crossing in the world.


Peshawar

/pɛˈʃəˌwɑːr/

Borrowed from Urdu پشاور (piśāvar), a corruption of Classical Persian پَرَشَاوَر (parašāwar), ultimately from Sanskrit पुरूषपुर (purūṣapura).

der

A city, the provincial capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.


Peshawar

North West Frontier
North West Frontier#English

Peshawar (a city, the provincial capital of North West Frontier, Pakistan)


Lahore

Borrowed from Urdu لاہَور (lāhaur), further etymology is disputed. There are multiple interpretations of this name's origin:
* A legend claims it to be from Sanskrit लव (lava, “Lava”) + पुर (pura, “fortress; city”), literally “city of Lava”, from Ramayana, a Hindu epic.
* From Punjabi ਲੋਹਾਰ, ਲੁਹਾਰ / لوہار (lohār, luhār, “blacksmith”).
* Corruption of Sanskrit रवावर (ravāvara), ultimately from इरावती (irāvatī, “the Ravi River”).

unk

further etymology is disputed.

com

The second largest city of Pakistan and the provincial capital of Punjab; located on the Ravi river


Lahore

Lahore (a city, the provincial capital of Punjab, Pakistan)


Balochistan

Borrowed from Baluchi بلوچِستان or Hindustani بلوچستان / बलोचिस्तान (balocistān), from Classical Persian بلوچستان (balūčistān). By surface analysis, Baloch + -istan.

A province of Pakistan. Capital: Quetta.


Montgomery

From a Norman surname, from a place in Normandy (Old French for "Gomeric's hill"). Gumaric was a Germanic personal name composed of *gumô (“man”) and *rīks (“ruler”) (whence the modern French surnames Gomery, Gommery and Gumery or the Galician placename Gomariz).

(dated) Former name of Sahiwal, a city in Punjab, Pakistan.


Իսլամաբադ

Islamabad (romanization)
Իսլամաբադ (nominative singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադի (dative singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադից (ablative singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադում (locative singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Իսլամաբադումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Իսլամաբադը/Իսլամաբադն

Իսլամաբադներ

Իսլամաբադները/Իսլամաբադներն

Իսլամաբադների

Իսլամաբադներին

Իսլամաբադներից

Իսլամաբադներով

Իսլամաբադում

Իսլամաբադներում

Իսլամաբադներս

Իսլամաբադներիս

Իսլամաբադիցս

Իսլամաբադներիցս

Իսլամաբադովս

Իսլամաբադներովս

Իսլամաբադումս

Իսլամաբադներումս

Իսլամաբադներդ

Իսլամաբադներիդ

Իսլամաբադիցդ

Իսլամաբադներիցդ

Իսլամաբադովդ

Իսլամաբադներովդ

Իսլամաբադումդ

Իսլամաբադներումդ

hy:Իսլամաբադ


गुजरात

hi-proper noun

गुजरात • (gujrāt) m (Urdu spelling گجرات)

gujrāt (romanization)
گجرات (Urdu)
गुजरात (direct singular)
गुजरात (oblique singular)
गुजरात (singular vocative)

hi:गुजरात
hi:गुजरात (शहर)

Borrowed from Punjabi ਗੁਜਰਾਤ (gujrāt) / گجرات (gjrāt), derived from the name of the Gujjars.

/ɡʊd͡ʒ.ɾɑːt̪/

[ɡʊd͡ʒ.ɾäːt̪]


Peer Panja

A village in the Bhatiore region of Punjab, Pakistan.


Indo

Indus (a large river in south-central Asia, rising in China (Tibet) and flowing through India and Pakistan to the Arabian Sea)


Indo

Borrowed from Latin Indus, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hiⁿduš), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sindʰus or Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu).


Waziristan

Then the voices turned to discuss American drones over Waziristan, last week’s bloody assault on a wedding party.

2014, Ian McEwan, The Children Act, Penguin Random House (2018), page 59:

A mountainous region in northwestern Pakistan.


Ἀκεσίνης

grc-proper noun

Ἀκεσίνης • (Akesínēs) m (genitive Ἀκεσίνου); first declension

Akesínēs (romanization)
Ἀκεσίνου (genitive)
ὁ Ἀκεσίνης (nominative singular)
τοῦ Ἀκεσίνου (genitive singular)
τῷ Ἀκεσίνῃ (dative singular)
τὸν Ἀκεσίνην (accusative singular)
Ἀκεσίνη (singular vocative)

Greek: Ακεσίνης (Akesínis)

→ Latin: Acesīnēs

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásitas
Sanskrit असित (asita)
Sanskrit असिक्नी (asiknī)bor.
Ancient Greek Ἀκεσίνης (Akesínēs)
Borrowed from Sanskrit असिक्नी (asiknī).

etymon

Indian subcontinent
Indian subcontinent#English

Acesines, Chenab (a river in Indian subcontinent, which flows through Pakistan and India)


کابل

head

کابُل • (kâbol)

fa-proper noun

کابُل • (kâbol)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कुभा (kubhā, “Kabul River”) and Avestan 𐬐𐬎𐬡𐬀 (kuβa). Pronunciation changed to "Kabul" around the 11th century.


Ἰνδός

grc-proper noun

Ἰνδός • (Indós) m (genitive Ἰνδοῦ); second declension

Indós (romanization)
Ἰνδοῦ (genitive)
ὁ Ἰνδός (nominative singular)
τοῦ Ἰνδοῦ (genitive singular)
τῷ Ἰνδῷ (dative singular)
τὸν Ἰνδόν (accusative singular)
Ἰνδέ (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hiⁿdūš), from Proto-Iranian *hínduš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš (“river”), of uncertain origin.
Compare Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu, “a river, stream”) in the Rigveda, which was borrowed into Greek as Σίνθος (Sínthos).


Ὑδάσπης

grc-proper noun

Ῠ̔δάσπης • (Hŭdáspēs) m (genitive Ῠ̔δάσπου); first declension

Ῠ̔δάσπης (canonical)
Hŭdáspēs (romanization)
Ῠ̔δάσπου (genitive)
ὁ Ῠ̔δάσπης (nominative singular)
τοῦ Ῠ̔δάσπου (genitive singular)
τῷ Ῠ̔δάσπῃ (dative singular)
τὸν Ῠ̔δάσπην (accusative singular)
Ῠ̔δάσπη (singular vocative)
ὁ Ῠ̔δάσπης (nominative singular)
τοῦ Ῠ̔δάσπεω (genitive singular)
Ῠ̔δάσπω (genitive singular)
τῷ Ῠ̔δάσπῃ (dative singular)
τὸν Ῠ̔δάσπην (accusative singular)
Ῠ̔δάσπη (singular vocative)

Greek: Υδάσπης (Ydáspis)

→ Latin: Hydaspes

Borrowed from Sanskrit वितस्ता (vitastā). Proposed to have been borrowed from Old Persian *Vidāspa- (literally “caring for horses”), from *vīd- (“to take care of”) + 𐎠𐎿𐎱 (a-s-p, “horse”) to explain the development -sp- instead of -st-, but this has no basis in any attested names for the river.

bor

Hydaspes, Jhelum (a river in Pakistan and India)


چمن

چَمَن (canonical)
caman (romanization)
चमन (Hindi)

Chaman (a city in Qilla Abdullah district, Balochistan, Pakistan)


Пешавар

ru-proper noun+

Пешава́р • (Pešavár) m inan (genitive Пешава́ра, nominative plural Пешава́ры, genitive plural Пешава́ров)

Пешава́р (canonical)
Pešavár (romanization)
Пешава́ра (genitive)
Пешава́ры (nominative plural)
Пешава́ров (genitive plural)
Пешава́р (nominative singular)
Пешава́ры (nominative plural)
Пешава́ра (genitive singular)
Пешава́ров (genitive plural)
Пешава́ру (dative singular)
Пешава́рам (dative plural)
Пешава́р (accusative singular)
Пешава́ры (accusative plural)
Пешава́ром (instrumental singular)
Пешава́рами (instrumental plural)
Пешава́ре (prepositional singular)
Пешава́рах (plural prepositional)

North-West Frontier Province
North-West Frontier Province#English

Peshawar (the capital city of North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan)


హైదరాబాదు

te-proper noun

హైదరాబాదు • (haidarābādu) ?

Borrowed from Urdu حیدر آباد (haidar ābād), from حَيْدَر (haidar, “lion”) + آباد (-ābād, placename suffix). Named in honour of the Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib, nicknamed "Haidar" for his lion-like valour in battles.


Himalaje

pl-prop

Himalaje nvir pl (related adjective himalajski)

himalajski (adjective)
Himalaje (nominative plural)
Himalajów (genitive plural)
Himalajom (dative plural)
Himalaje (accusative plural)
Himalajami (instrumental plural)
Himalajach (locative plural)
Himalaje (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English Himalayas, French Himalaya, German Himalaja, ultimately from Sanskrit हिमालय (himālaya).

Himalayas (a mountain range in Bhutan, China, India, Nepal and Pakistan)


Quetta

A city, the provincial capital of Balochistan, Pakistan.


Haripur

A city, the district headquarters of Haripur district, Hazara region, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan.


Rawalpindi

Borrowed from Urdu راولپنڈی (rāvalpinḍī), from Western Panjabi راولپنڈی (rāvalpinḍī), from راول (rāval) and پنڈی (pinḍī), diminutive of پنڈ (pinḍ, “village”).

bor+

A city in Punjab province, Pakistan, the capital of the district of the same name and the headquarters of the Pakistani military.


پنجاب

head

پنجاب • (panjâb)

fa-proper noun

پنجاب • (panjâb)

→ Arabic: الْبَنْجَاب (al-banjāb)

→ Azerbaijani: Pəncab

→ Bashkir: Пәнжаб (Pənjab)

desctree

→ Chagatai: پَنْجاب
Uyghur: پەنجاب (penjab)
Uzbek: Panjob

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: पंजाब (pañjāb)

Urdu: پَنْجاب (panjāb)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پَنْجاب (Pencâb)
Turkish: Pencap
→ Bulgarian: Пенджаб (Pendžab)
→ French: Pendjab
→ Macedonian: Пенџаб (Pendžab)
→ Polish: Pendżab
→ Portuguese: Pendjab
→ Russian: Пенджа́б (Pendžáb)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: Пенџаб
Latin script: Pendžab

→ Pashto: پَنْجاب (panjāb)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪੰਜਾਬ (pañjāb)

Shahmukhi script: پَن٘جاب (pañjāb)

→ Sindhi: پَنْجابُ (panjābu)

→ Tatar: Пәнҗаб (Päncab)

→ Turkmen: Penjap

[pʰän.d͡ʒɑ́ːb]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɑ́ːb]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɑ́ːb]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɑ́ːw]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɔ́ːb̥]

[pʰæn.d͡ʒɒ́ːb̥]

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps
Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš
Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)
Middle Persian ʾp̄
Persian آب
Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča
Proto-Iranian *pánča
Persian پنج
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča
Sanskrit पञ्चन् (pañcan)
Sanskrit पञ्च (pañca)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadabor.?
Sanskrit नद (nada)
Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada)calq.
Persian پنجاب
Compound of پنج (panj, “five”) + آب (âb, “river”), a calque of Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from पञ्च (pañca, “five”) and नद (nada, “river”).

calque

Punjab (a geographical region of South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.)


پنجاب

pa-proper noun

پنجاب • (pañjāb) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪੰਜਾਬ)

/pənˈd͡ʒäːb/

Borrowed from Classical Persian پنجاب (panjāb).


پنجاب

ur-proper noun

پَنْجاب • (panjāb) m (Hindi spelling पंजाब)

پَنْجاب (canonical)
panjāb (romanization)
पंजाब (Hindi)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps
Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš
Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)
Middle Persian ʾp̄
Persian آب
Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča
Proto-Iranian *pánča
Persian پنج
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča
Sanskrit पञ्चन् (pañcan)
Sanskrit पञ्च (pañca)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadabor.?
Sanskrit नद (nada)
Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada)calq.
Classical Persian پَنْجَاب (panjāb)bor.
Urdu پَنْجاب (panjāb)
Borrowed from Classical Persian پَنْجَاب (panjāb).

etymon

پَنْجاب

Punjab (a province of Pakistan, Western Punjab; capital: Lahore)


Karacsi

Karacsi (nominative singular)
Karacsit (accusative singular)
Karacsinak (dative singular)
Karacsival (instrumental singular)
Karacsiért (causal-final singular)
Karacsivá (singular translative)
Karacsiig (singular terminative)
Karacsiként (essive-formal singular)
Karacsiban (inessive singular)
Karacsin (singular superessive)
Karacsinál (adessive singular)
Karacsiba (illative singular)
Karacsira (singular sublative)
Karacsihoz (allative singular)
Karacsiból (elative singular)
Karacsiról (delative singular)
Karacsitól (ablative singular)
Karacsié (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Karacsiéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Karacsim (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Karacsid (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Karacsija (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Karacsink (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Karacsitok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Karacsijuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Karachi (a city, the provincial capital of Sindh, Pakistan)


Karatschi

de-proper noun

Karatschi n (proper noun, genitive Karatschis or (optionally with an article) Karatschi)

Karatschis (genitive)
Karatschi (genitive with-article)

Karatschi, das pulsierende Herz Pakistans, versinkt in einem Strudel von Gewalt.

2010, Der Spiegel, number 47/2010, page 124:

Karachi, the pulsating heart of Pakistan, is descending into a maelstrom of violence.

Karachi (the capital city of the province of Sindh, Pakistan, and the largest city in [Pakistan])


Iszlámábád

Iszlámábád (nominative singular)
Iszlámábádot (accusative singular)
Iszlámábádnak (dative singular)
Iszlámábáddal (instrumental singular)
Iszlámábádért (causal-final singular)
Iszlámábáddá (singular translative)
Iszlámábádig (singular terminative)
Iszlámábádként (essive-formal singular)
Iszlámábádban (inessive singular)
Iszlámábádon (singular superessive)
Iszlámábádnál (adessive singular)
Iszlámábádba (illative singular)
Iszlámábádra (singular sublative)
Iszlámábádhoz (allative singular)
Iszlámábádból (elative singular)
Iszlámábádról (delative singular)
Iszlámábádtól (ablative singular)
Iszlámábádé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Iszlámábádéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Iszlámábádom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Iszlámábádod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Iszlámábádja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Iszlámábádunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Iszlámábádotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Iszlámábádjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan)


ปัญจาบ

From Hindi पंजाब (pañjāb) or Persian پنجاب (panjâb).

แคว้นปัญจาบ

Punjab (a province of Pakistan; capital: Lahore)


Kasmír

Kashmir (a region of South Asia, divided between India, Pakistan and China)


Cachemire

Borrowed from Sanskrit कश्मीर (kaśmīra).

Kashmir (a region of the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) China, India, and Pakistan)


مردان

ur-proper noun

مَرْدان • (mardān) m (Hindi spelling मरदान)

مَرْدان (canonical)
mardān (romanization)
मरदान (Hindi)

From Pashto مردان (mardān), Classical Persian مردان (mardān) ("men").

Mardan (a city in Mardan district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


Hindu Kush

Hindu Kush (a mountain range in Afghanistan and Pakistan)


Muzaffarabad

From Urdu مُظَفَّر آباد (muzaffar ābād), named after Sultan Muzaffar Khan who founded the city.

bor

مُظَفَّر آباد

Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir#English

A city, the provincial capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, an autonomous territory of Pakistan.

مُظَفَّر أَبَاد

summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India


Pesavar

Pesavar (nominative singular)
Pesavart (accusative singular)
Pesavarnak (dative singular)
Pesavarral (instrumental singular)
Pesavarért (causal-final singular)
Pesavarrá (singular translative)
Pesavarig (singular terminative)
Pesavarként (essive-formal singular)
Pesavarban (inessive singular)
Pesavaron (singular superessive)
Pesavarnál (adessive singular)
Pesavarba (illative singular)
Pesavarra (singular sublative)
Pesavarhoz (allative singular)
Pesavarból (elative singular)
Pesavarról (delative singular)
Pesavartól (ablative singular)
Pesavaré (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Pesavaréi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Pesavarom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Pesavarod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Pesavarja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Pesavarunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Pesavarotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Pesavarjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

North West Frontier Province
North West Frontier Province#English

Peshawar (a city, the provincial capital of North West Frontier Province, Pakistan)


Paňdžáb

cs-proper noun

Paňdžáb m inan (relational adjective paňdžábský)

paňdžábský (adjective relational)
Paňdžáb (nominative singular)
Paňdžábu (genitive singular)
Paňdžábu (dative singular)
Paňdžáb (accusative singular)
Paňdžábe (singular vocative)
Paňdžábu (locative singular)
Paňdžábem (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Punjabi پنجاب (Panjāb), from Classical Persian پنجاب (panj-âb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”).


Pendżab

Pendżab (nominative singular)
Pendżabu (genitive singular)
Pendżabowi (dative singular)
Pendżab (accusative singular)
Pendżabem (instrumental singular)
Pendżabie (locative singular)
Pendżabie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پَنْجاب (Pencâb), from Persian پنجاب (panjâb).


Multan

Borrowed from Punjabi ਮੁਲਤਾਨ / ملتان (multān), from Saraiki ملتان (multān), further etymology is disputed. There are multiple interpretations of this name's origin:
* From Sanskrit मुलस्थान (mulasthāna), from मुल (mula, “a Sun deity or an ancient tribe”).
* From Old Persian mulastāna (“frontier land”).

unk

further etymology is disputed.


مستونگ

ur-proper noun

مَسْتُون٘گ • (mastūṅg) ? (Hindi spelling मस्तूंग)

مَسْتُون٘گ (canonical)
mastūṅg (romanization)
मस्तूंग (Hindi)

A district in northwestern Balochistan, Pakistan


حب

حَب (canonical)
hab (romanization)
हब (Hindi)

Hub (a city in Hub district, Balochistan, Pakistan)


ગુજરાત

head

ગુજરાત • (gujrāt) n

gu-proper noun

ગુજરાત • (gujrāt) n

Borrowed from Punjabi ਗੁਜਰਾਤ (gujrāt) / گجرات (gjrāt), derived from the name of the Gujjars.

/ˈɡud͡ʒ.ɾɑt̪/


पंजाब

hi-proper noun

पंजाब • (pañjāb) m (Urdu spelling پَنْجَاب)

pañjāb (romanization)
پَنْجَاب (Urdu)
पंजाब (direct singular)
पंजाब (oblique singular)
पंजाब (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian پنجاب (panjāb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from پنج (panj, “five”) and آب (āb, “water”), which is based on Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada).

bor+

hi:पंजाब (बहुविकल्पी)


पंजाब

head

पंजाब (pañjāb) m

mwr-proper noun

पंजाब (pañjāb) m

Borrowed from Classical Persian پَنْجَاب (panjāb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”).


페샤와르

[pʰe̞ɕʰa̠wa̠ɾɯ]

Peshawar (a city, the provincial capital of North West Frontier, Pakistan)


Maan

A village in Gujranwala district, Punjab province, Pakistan.


इस्लामाबाद

hi-proper noun

इस्लामाबाद • (islāmābād) m (Urdu spelling اسلام آباد)

islāmābād (romanization)
اسلام آباد (Urdu)
इस्लामाबाद (direct singular)
इस्लामाबाद (oblique singular)
इस्लामाबाद (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Urdu اسلام آباد (islām ābād).

bor+

hi:इस्लामाबाद

Islamabad (a city, the capital city of Pakistan)


伊斯蘭堡

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ län³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/i³³ sɯ³³ lan²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ län³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/i³³ sɯ³³ lan²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

(Mainland China) Islamabad (a city, the capital city of Pakistan)


Исламабад

mk-proper noun

исламабадски

Исламабад • (Islamabad) m (relational adjective исламабадски)

Islamabad (romanization)
исламабадски (adjective relational)


Исламабад

ru-proper noun+

Исламаба́д • (Islamabád) m inan (genitive Исламаба́да)

Исламаба́д (canonical)
Islamabád (romanization)
Исламаба́да (genitive)
Исламаба́д (nominative singular)
Исламаба́да (genitive singular)
Исламаба́ду (dative singular)
Исламаба́д (accusative singular)
Исламаба́дом (instrumental singular)
Исламаба́де (prepositional singular)

ru:Исламабад


اسلام آباد

head

اسلام آباد • (islām-ābād) ?

sd-proper noun

اسلام آباد • (islām-ābād) ?

Borrowed from Urdu اِسْلام آباد (islām ābād).

bor+

اِسْلام آباد


اسلام آباد

ur-proper noun

اِسْلام آباد

اِسْلام آباد • (islām-ābād) m (Hindi spelling इस्लामाबाद)

اِسْلام آباد (canonical)
islām-ābād (romanization)
इस्लामाबाद (Hindi)

اِسْ‧لام‧آ‧باد

Etymology tree
Arabic أَسْلَمَ (ʔaslama)
Arabic إِسْلَام (ʔislām)bor.
Classical Persian اِسْلَام (islām)bor.
Urdu اِسْلَام (islām)
Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-der.
Middle Persian ʾp̄ʾt'
Classical Persian آبَاد (ābād)bor.
Urdu آباد (ābād)
Urdu اِسْلام آباد (islām ābād)
From اِسْلَام (islām) + آباد (ābād).

etymon

اِسْلَام>Islam

اِسْلام آباد


جناب

ar-proper noun

جَنَاب • (janāb) m

جَنَاب (canonical)
janāb (romanization)
جَنَاب (definite diptote informal singular)
جَنَابُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
جَنَابَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
جَنَابَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

Borrowed from Urdu چَنَاب (canāb), ultimately from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā).

وعوام الناس نهر راوي ونهر جناب ونهر هندوس

1972, Ḥasan Amīn, دائرة المعارف الإسلامية الشيعية, volume 9, page 381:

فلم يجد بدا من مفارقة وجهه فنهض في أواخر جمادی الاخرى ومعه اخوته وعبر نهر لوهور وسلك الطريق الى ان نزل على نهر جناب

1997, ʻAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʻUmar Ulughkhānī, Ẓafar al-wālih bi-Muẓaffar wa-ālihi fī tārīkh Kujarāt:

الدعاة المسلمين واسمه (بلبل) إلى كشمير، (1) ولاية كشمير الإسلامية ذات طبيعة جبلية، فيها سهلان في منطقة وادي جمو ووادي كشمير، كثيرة الأنهار. وأهم أنهارها نهر السند ونهر جليم ونهر جناب: وهي الأنهار التي تنساب إلى باكستان

2010, محمد عوض الهزايمة, قضايا دولية, page 246:


Карачи

ru-proper noun

Кара́чи • (Karáči) m inan (indeclinable)

Кара́чи (canonical)
Karáči (romanization)

Karachi (the capital of Sindh province, Pakistan, the most populous city in Pakistan)


Лахор

ru-proper noun+

Лахо́р • (Laxór) m inan (genitive Лахо́ра)

Лахо́р (canonical)
Laxór (romanization)
Лахо́ра (genitive)
Лахо́р (nominative singular)
Лахо́ра (genitive singular)
Лахо́ру (dative singular)
Лахо́р (accusative singular)
Лахо́ром (instrumental singular)
Лахо́ре (prepositional singular)

Lahore (the capital of Punjab province, Pakistan, the second-most populous city in Pakistan)


সিন্ধু

Sindh (a province of Pakistan, encompassing the lower Indus valley region; capital: Karachi)


সিন্ধু

head

সিন্ধু • (śindhu)

bn-proper noun

সিন্ধু • (śindhu)

সিন্ধুতে পাকিস্তানের অধিকাংশ হিন্দু ধর্মাবলম্বীদের বসবাস।

Majority of Pakistan's Hindu population reside in Sindh.

śindhute pakistaner odhikaṅśo hindu dhormabolombider bosbas.


পাঞ্জাব

head

পাঞ্জাব • (panjab) (genitive পাঞ্জাবের (panjaber), locative পাঞ্জাবে (panjabe))

panjab (romanization)
পাঞ্জাবের (genitive)
পাঞ্জাবে (locative)

Borrowed from Punjabi ਪੰਜਾਬ (pañjāb) / پنجاب (panjāb), from Classical Persian پنجاب (panj-âb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from پنج (panj, “five”) and آب (âb, “water”), referring to five rivers of the Punjab region.


کشمیر

ur-noun

کَشْمِیر • (kaśmīr) m (Hindi spelling कश्मीर)

کَشْمِیر (canonical)
kaśmīr (romanization)
कश्मीर (Hindi)

→ English: Cashmere, cashmere

→ English: Kashmir (learned)

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشمیر (kašmīr), potentially also a learned borrowing from Sanskrit कश्मीर (kaśmīra), which is probably a contraction of कश्यपमीर (kaśyapamīra) or कश्यपमेरु (kaśyapameru). Compare Kashmiri کٔشیٖر (kạśīr).

lbor

Kashmir (a region of Indian subcontinent in South Asia).

Azad Kashmir (an autonomous territory administered by Pakistan; capital: Muzaffarabad)


بحرین

ur-proper noun

بَحْرِین • (bahrīn) m (Hindi spelling बहरीन)

بَحْرِین (canonical)
bahrīn (romanization)
बहरीन (Hindi)

Borrowed from Arabic الْبَحْرَيْن (al-baḥrayn), possibly influenced by Persian بحرین (bahreyn).

bor+

الْبَحْرَيْن

قِبْرِص فِلِسْطِین اِسْرائِیل لِبْنان یَمَن عُمان مُتَّحِدَہ عَرَب اِمارات قَطَر بَحْرِین کُوَیت

Bahrain (a town in Swat district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


Péšávar

Peshawar (the capital of North West Frontier Province, Pakistan)


Islamabado

From Urdu اسلام آباد (Islām ābād, literally “City of Islam”).

bor

Holonym: Pakistano

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan)


Kaszmir

pl-prop

Kaszmir m inan (related adjective kaszmirski)

kaszmirski (adjective)
Kaszmir (nominative singular)
Kaszmiru (genitive singular)
Kaszmirowi (dative singular)
Kaszmir (accusative singular)
Kaszmirem (instrumental singular)
Kaszmirze (locative singular)
Kaszmirze (singular vocative)


ایبٹ آباد

ur-proper noun

ایبٹ آباد • (aibṭ-ābād) m (Hindi spelling ऐब्टाबाद)

aibṭ-ābād (romanization)
ऐब्टाबाद (Hindi)

/ɛːb.ʈɑː.bɑːd̪/

ur:ایبٹ آباد


अबटाबाद

hi-proper noun

अबटाबाद • (abṭābād) m (Urdu spelling ابٹ آباد)

abṭābād (romanization)
ابٹ آباد (Urdu)
अबटाबाद (direct singular)
अबटाबाद (oblique singular)
अबटाबाद (singular vocative)

/əb.ʈɑː.bɑːd̪/

[ɐb.ʈäː.bäːd̪]

अबट (abaṭ, “James Abbott (Indian Army officer)”) + आबाद (ābād, “placename suffix”).

compound

Abbottabad (a city in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)

James Abbott (Indian Army officer)
hi:अबटाबाद


وزیرستان

From Pashto وزیر (wazir, “a Pashtun tribe”) and Persian ستان (istan, stân, “suffix showing "Land of"”).

der

Waziristan (a mountainous region in northwestern Pakistan)


وزیرستان

ur-proper noun

وزیرستان • (vazīristān) m (Hindi spelling वजीरिस्तान or वज़ीरिस्तान)

vazīristān (romanization)
वजीरिस्तान (Hindi)
वज़ीरिस्तान (Hindi)


Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Calque of Urdu آزاد جموں و کشمیر (āzād jammū̃ o kaśmīr, literally “free Jammu and Kashmir”), from آزاد (āzād, “free, independent”) + جموں (jammū̃) + و (o, “and”) + کشمیر (kaśmīr, “Kashmir”), from Persian.

calque

آزاد جموں و کشمیر

Pakistani-Administered Kashmir
Pakistani-Administered Kashmir#English

An autonomous region administered by Pakistan, one of the two entities which form the Pakistani-Administered Kashmir, as well as part of the wider Kashmir, region.

আজাদ জম্মু ও কাশ্মীর

autonomous region under Pakistani administration

Gilgit-Baltistan

the northernmost and the larger of the two political entities which together constitute the Pakistani-administered part of Jammu and Kashmir


Lyallpur

Borrowed from Hindustani لائل پور (lāyal pur) / लायलपुर (lāyalpur), named after James Broadwood Lyall.

(dated) Former name of Faisalabad, a city in Punjab Pakistan.


نال

Nall (a city in Khuzdar district, Balochistan, Pakistan)


Gujranwala

Borrowed from Urdu گوجْران٘وَالَہ (gujrānvālā), from Punjabi گوجرانوالہ (gujranvālā).

bor+

گوجْران٘وَالَہ

A city in Punjab, in northeastern Pakistan.


क़सूर

qasūr (romanization)
قصور (Urdu)
क़सूर (direct singular)
क़सूर (oblique singular)
क़सूर (singular vocative)

* Ultimately named for Kusha (Ramayana).
* Borrowed from Arabic قَصْر (qaṣr).


Faisalabad

/fɑːɪsɑːlˌbɑːd/

From Urdu فیصل آباد (faisal ābād), named after King Faisal of Saudi Arabia. Romanized form Faisal + -abad.


ਪੰਜਾਬ

pa-proper noun

ਪੰਜਾਬ • (pañjāb) m (Shahmukhi spelling پنجاب)

/pənˈd͡ʒäːb/

Borrowed from Classical Persian پنجاب (panj-āb, literally “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from پنج (panj, “five”) and آب (āb, “water”), referring to five rivers of the Punjab region: the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Sutlej and the Beas. The Persian term is based on Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from पञ्च (pañca, “five”) and नद (nada, “river”).


گجرات

pa-proper noun

گُجْرات • (gujrāt) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਗੁਜਰਾਤ)

گُجْرات (canonical)
gujrāt (romanization)
ਗੁਜਰਾਤ (Gurmukhi)


گجرات

ur-proper noun

گُجْرات • (gujrāt) m (Hindi spelling गुजरात)

گُجْرات (canonical)
gujrāt (romanization)
गुजरात (Hindi)

Borrowed from Punjabi گُجْرات (gujrāt), derived from the name of the Gujjars.

/ɡʊd͡ʒᵊ.ɾɑːt̪/


Quetta Division

One of the administrative divisions of Pakistan.


Gilgit-Baltistan

Borrowed from Urdu گلگت بلتستان (gilgit baltistān).

bor+

گلگت بلتستان

An administrative territory of Pakistan, part of Pakistani-Administered Kashmir, as well as the wider Kashmir, region. Capital: Skardu.

Azad Jammu and Kashmir

southernmost and the smaller of two political entities which together constitute the Pakistani-controlled part of Jammu and Kashmir


Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Transliteration of Urdu خیبر پختونخوا (xaibar paxtūnxvā), from خیبر (xaibar, “Khyber”) + پختونخوا (paxtūnxvā, “Land of the Pashtun”), literally “the Khyber side of the Pashtun heartland”.

transliteration

خیبر پختونخوا

compound

A province in northwestern Pakistan. Capital: Peshawar.

North-West Frontier Province

one of the previous regions prior to the merger in 2010


Carachi

Karachi (a city, the provincial capital of Sindh, Pakistan)


Caxemira

Ultimately from Sanskrit कश्मीर (kaśmīra). Doublet of casimira.

Kashmir (a traditional region between India, Pakistan and China)


Pendjab Ocidental

West Punjab (a former province of Pakistan)


Pendjab

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پَنْجاب (Pencâb), from Persian پنجاب (panjâb), itself a calque of Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada).

bor+

Punjab (a traditional region between India and Pakistan)


卡拉奇

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Karachi (The largest city in Pakistan situated along the Arabian Sea, as well as the provincial capital of Sindh Province.)


سند

→ English: Sind

Sindh (One of the southern provinces of Pakistan, whose capital is Karachi, notably the area in which the Indus Valley Civilisation flourished)

Indus (a major river in China, India and Pakistan, rising in Tibet and flowing into the Arabian Sea)


کنر

Kunar (a river in Afghanistan and Pakistan)

Kunar (a valley in Afghanistan and Pakistan)

ولایت کنر ― velâyat-e konar ― the province of Kunar, Kunar Province


قصور

ur-proper noun

قَصُور • (qasūr) m (Hindi spelling क़सूर)

قَصُور (canonical)
qasūr (romanization)
क़सूर (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian قُصُور (qusūr), from Arabic قُصُور (quṣūr), plural of قَصْر (qaṣr).

bor+

Kasur (a city in Kasur district, Punjab, Pakistan)


Cachemira

Kashmir (a region of India, Pakistan and China)


Paropamisus

Borrowed from Latin Paropamīsus, from Ancient Greek Παροπάμισος (Paropámisos).

(historical) An ancient region and satrapy in modern Afghanistan and Pakistan, ruled by the Greeks around the time of Alexander the Great and later ceded to Chandragupta Maurya.


Paropamisus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Παροπάμισος (Paropámisos).

(historical) Paropamisus (an ancient region and satrapy in modern Afghanistan and Pakistan, ruled by the Greeks around the time of Alexander the Great and later ceded to Chandragupta Maurya)

Paropamisus (a mountain range in Afghanistan)


Ravi

Borrowed from Punjabi راوی (rāvī) / ਰਾਵੀ (rāvī), from Sanskrit इरावती (irāvatī).

A river of the Punjab flowing through both India and Pakistan


ਲਹੌਰ

pa-proper noun

ਲਹੌਰ • (lahaur) m (Shahmukhi spelling لہور)

Inherited from Old Punjabi ਲਾਹੋਰੁ (lāhoru). Compare Hindi लाहौर (lāhaur).

inh+

ਜਿਨੇ ਲਹੌਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਤੱਕਿਆ, ਉਹ ਜੰਮਿਆ ਹੀ ਨਹੀਂ।

The one who hasn't seen Lahore has yet to see anything.

jine lahaur nahī̃ takkiā, uha jammiā hī nahī̃.

Lahore (a city, the provincial capital of Punjab, Pakistan)


पेशावर

hi-proper noun

पेशावर • (peśāvar) m (Urdu spelling پشاور)

peśāvar (romanization)
پشاور (Urdu)
पेशावर (direct singular)
पेशावर (oblique singular)
पेशावर (singular vocative)

/peː.ʃɑː.ʋəɾ/

[peː.ʃäː.ʋɐɾ]

Borrowed from Classical Persian پَرَشَاوَر (parašāwar), ultimately from Sanskrit पुरुषपुर (puruṣapura), from पुरुष (puruṣa) + पुर (pura).

bor+

Peshawar (a city, the provincial capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


लाहौर

hi-prop

लाहौर • (lāhaur) m (Urdu spelling لاہور)

lāhaur (romanization)
لاہور (Urdu)
लाहौर (direct singular)
लाहौर (oblique singular)
लाहौर (singular vocative)

The origin is disputed. One theory, a legend, claims it to be from inherited from Sanskrit लव (lava, “Lava”) + पुर (pura, “fortress; city”), literally “city of Lava”. Compare Punjabi لَہَوْر (lahaur) / ਲਹੌਰ (lahaur), Gujarati લાહોર (lāhor), Marathi लाहोर (lāhor), Bengali লাহোর (lahōr). More at Etymology of Lahore.

unk

The origin is disputed

com

Etymology of Lahore
Lava (Ramayana)
hi:लाहौर


मौर्य

hi-proper noun

मौर्य • (maurya) m (Urdu spelling موریا)

maurya (romanization)
موریا (Urdu)
मौर्य (direct singular)
मौर्य (oblique singular)
मौर्य (singular vocative)

Maurya, Mauryan Empire (an ancient empire in present-day India, Bangladesh and Pakistan)


मौर्य

maurya (romanization)
मौर्यः (nominative singular)
मौर्यौ (dual nominative)
मौर्या1 (dual nominative)
मौर्याः (nominative plural)
मौर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
मौर्य (singular vocative)
मौर्यौ (dual vocative)
मौर्या1 (dual vocative)
मौर्याः (plural vocative)
मौर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
मौर्यम् (accusative singular)
मौर्यौ (accusative dual)
मौर्या1 (accusative dual)
मौर्यान् (accusative plural)
मौर्येण (instrumental singular)
मौर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मौर्यैः (instrumental plural)
मौर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मौर्याय (dative singular)
मौर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
मौर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
मौर्यात् (ablative singular)
मौर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मौर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
मौर्यस्य (genitive singular)
मौर्ययोः (dual genitive)
मौर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
मौर्ये (locative singular)
मौर्ययोः (dual locative)
मौर्येषु (locative plural)

→ Bhojpuri: मौर्य (maurya)

→ English: Maurya

→ Hindi: मौर्य (maurya)

→ Marathi: मौर्य (maurya)

→ Nepali: मौर्य (maurya)

Originally an adjective form of मयूर (mayū́ra, “peacock”)

Maurya, Mauryan Empire (an ancient empire in present-day India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nepal)


چھترار

head

چھترار (čhitrār)

→ Urdu: چترال (citrāl)

→ English: Chitral

From چھتر (čhetr, “field”), from Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra).

Chitral (a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


Taxila

Ultimately from Sanskrit तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā) through Ancient Greek Τάξιλα (Táxila).

(historical) Taxila (an ancient city and archaeological site in the modern province of Punjab, Pakistan)

A tehsil (sub-division), headquartered in the town, of the Rawalpindi District of Punjab province, Pakistan.


Taxila

la-prop

Taxila f sg (genitive Taxilae); first declension

Taxilae (genitive)
Taxila (nominative singular)
Taxilae (genitive singular)
Taxilae (dative singular)
Taxilam (accusative singular)
Taxilā (ablative singular)
Taxila (singular vocative)
Taxilae (locative singular)

[ˈt̪äks̠ɪɫ̪ä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τάξιλα (Táxila), itself from Sanskrit तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā).


伊斯蘭瑪巴德

ㄧ ㄙ ㄌㄢˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄅㄚ ㄉㄜˊ

Исыланьмабадэ

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ län³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ maː¹³ paː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ län³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ maː¹³ paː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

(Taiwan) Islamabad (a city, the capital city of Pakistan)


मेहरगढ़

hi-proper noun

मेहरगढ़ • (mehargaṛh) m (Urdu spelling مہر گڑھ)

mehargaṛh (romanization)
مہر گڑھ (Urdu)
मेहरगढ़ (direct singular)
मेहरगढ़ (oblique singular)
मेहरगढ़ (singular vocative)

Mehrgarh (an archaeological site in Pakistan)


हड़प्पा

हड़प्पा • (haṛappā) m (Urdu spelling ہڑپہ)

haṛappā (romanization)
ہڑپہ (Urdu)
हड़प्पा (direct singular)
हड़प्पे (oblique singular)
हड़प्पे (singular vocative)

Harappa (an archaeological site in Pakistan)


बलूचिस्तान

بَلوچِسْتَان

बलूचिस्तान • (balūcistān) m (Urdu spelling بَلوچِسْتَان)

balūcistān (romanization)
بَلوچِسْتَان (Urdu)
बलूचिस्तान (direct singular)
बलूचिस्तान (oblique singular)
बलूचिस्तान (singular vocative)

ब‧लू‧चिस्‧तान

Borrowed from Classical Persian بلوچستان (balūčistān). By surface analysis, बलूच (balūc) + -इस्तान (-istān).

surf

hi:बलूचिस्तान (पाकिस्तान)


拉合爾

/lä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ hɐp̚² jiː¹³/

/lä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ hɐp̚² jiː¹³/

Lahore (The second largest city of Pakistan and the provincial capital of Punjab; located on the Ravi river)


白沙瓦

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Phono-semantic matching of English Peshawar.

psm

Peshawar (a city, the capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


旁遮普

/pʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː⁵⁵ pʰou̯³⁵/

/pʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː⁵⁵ pʰou̯³⁵/

From Hindi पंजाब (pañjāb) or Urdu پنجاب (Panjāb), from Classical Persian پنجاب (panj-āb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”).

der

(～省) Punjab (a province of Pakistan; capital: Lahore)


रावळपिंडी

head

रावळपिंडी • (rāvaḷpiṇḍī) n

mr-proper noun

रावळपिंडी • (rāvaḷpiṇḍī) n

Borrowed from Punjabi ਰਾਵਲਪਿੰਡੀ (rāvlapiṇḍī) / راولپنڈی (rāwalpiṇḍī). Compare Hindi रावलपिंडी (rāvalpiṇḍī).

cog

Hindi रावलपिंडी (rāvalpiṇḍī)

mr:रावळपिंडी


रावलपिंडी

hi-proper noun

रावलपिंडी • (rāvalpiṇḍī) m (Urdu spelling راولپنڈی)

rāvalpiṇḍī (romanization)
راولپنڈی (Urdu)
रावलपिंडी (direct singular)
रावलपिंडी (oblique singular)
रावलपिंडी (singular vocative)

/ɾɑː.ʋəl.pɪɳ.ɖiː/

[ɾäː.ʋɐl.pɪ̃ɳ.ɖiː]

Borrowed from Punjabi ਰਾਵਲਪਿੰਡੀ (rāvlapiṇḍī) / راولپنڈی (rāwalpiṇḍī). Compare Marathi रावळपिंडी (rāvaḷpiṇḍī).

cog

Marathi रावळपिंडी (rāvaḷpiṇḍī)

hi:रावलपिंडी


फ़ैसलाबाद

hi-proper noun

फ़ैसलाबाद • (faislābād) m (Urdu spelling فیصل آباد)

faislābād (romanization)
فیصل آباد (Urdu)
फ़ैसलाबाद (direct singular)
फ़ैसलाबाद (oblique singular)
फ़ैसलाबाद (singular vocative)

Renaming of लायलपुर (lāyalpur, “Lyallpur”) to फ़ैसल (faisal, “King Faisal of Saudi Arabia”) + आबाद (ābād, “placename suffix”).

compound

hi:फ़ैसलाबाद


क्वेटा

hi-proper noun

क्वेटा • (kveṭā) m (Urdu spelling کوئٹہ)

kveṭā (romanization)
کوئٹہ (Urdu)
क्वेटा (direct singular)
क्वेटे (oblique singular)
क्वेटे (singular vocative)

Quetta, Kuwatah (a city, the provincial capital of Balochistan, Pakistan)


गुजरांवाला

गुजरांवाला • (gujrāmvālā) m (Urdu spelling گوجرانوالہ)

gujrāmvālā (romanization)
گوجرانوالہ (Urdu)

/ɡʊd͡ʒ.ɾɑːm.ʋɑː.lɑː/

[ɡʊd͡ʒ.ɾä̃ːm.wäː.läː]

Borrowed from Punjabi ਗੁਜਰਾਂਵਾਲਾ (gujrā̃vālā) / گجرانوالہ (gjrānoālh), named after the Gujjars.

bor+

hi:गुजरांवाला


कराची

hi-proper noun

कराची • (karācī) m (Urdu spelling کراچی)

karācī (romanization)
کراچی (Urdu)
कराची (direct singular)
कराची (oblique singular)
कराची (singular vocative)

/kə.ɾɑː.t͡ʃiː/

[kɐ.ɾäː.t͡ʃiː]

Supposedly from Sindhi کولاچی (kōlāčī), named after Mai Kolachi.

bor

Sindhi کولاچی (kōlāčī)

Karachi (a city, the provincial capital of Sindh, Pakistan)


कराची

head

कराची • (karācī) ?

mr-proper noun

कराची • (karācī) ?


बहावलपुर

hi-proper noun

बहावलपुर • (bahāvalpur) m (Urdu spelling بہاولپور)

bahāvalpur (romanization)
بہاولپور (Urdu)
बहावलपुर (direct singular)
बहावलपुर (oblique singular)
बहावलपुर (singular vocative)

/bə.ɦɑː.ʋəl.pʊɾ/

[bɐ.ɦäː.ʋɐl.pʊɾ]

From बहावल (bahāval, “Nawab Mohammad Bahawal Khan II”) + -पुर (-pur).


मोहन जोदड़ो

hi-proper noun

मोहन जोदड़ो • (mohan jodaṛo) ? (Urdu spelling موئن جو دڑو)

mohan jodaṛo (romanization)
موئن جو دڑو (Urdu)

[moː.ɦɐ̃n‿d͡ʒoː.d̪ɐ.ɽoː]

Borrowed from Sindhi موئن جو دڙو / मोअन जो दड़ो (“Mound of Dead Men”).

Mohenjo-daro (an ancient city and archaeological site in Sindh, Pakistan)

hi:मोहन जोदड़ो


लाड़काना

लाड़काना • (lāṛkānā) ? (Urdu spelling لاڑکانہ)

/lɑːɽ.kɑː.nɑː/

[läːɽ.käː.näː]

Borrowed from Sindhi لاڙڪاڻو (lāṛkāṇo) / लाड़काणो (lāṛkāṇo).


सख्खर

सख्खर • (sakhkhar) m (Urdu spelling سکھر)


मुल्तान

मुल्तान • (multān) ? (Urdu spelling ملتان)

Borrowed from Punjabi ਮੁਲਤਾਨ (multān) / ملتان (multān), perhaps from Sanskrit मुलस्थान (mulasthāna), from मुल (mula, “an ancient Hindu tribe”) + स्थान (sthāna).


तक्षशिला

hi-prop

तक्षशिला • (takṣaśilā) f (Urdu spelling تکشیلا)

takṣaśilā (romanization)
تکشیلا (Urdu)
तक्षशिला (direct singular)
तक्षशिला (oblique singular)
तक्षशिला (singular vocative)

/t̪ək.ʂə.ʃɪ.lɑː/

[t̪ɐk.ʃɐ.ʃɪ.läː]

Borrowed from Sanskrit तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā).

bor+

Taxila (a modern city in Rawalpindi district, Punjab, Pakistan)


तक्षशिला

head

तक्षशिला • (takṣaśilā) f

mr-proper noun

तक्षशिला • (takṣaśilā) f


तक्षशिला

takṣaśilā (romanization)
तक्षशिला (nominative singular)
तक्षशिले (singular vocative)
तक्षशिलाम् (accusative singular)
तक्षशिलया (instrumental singular)
तक्षशिलायै (dative singular)
तक्षशिलायाः (ablative singular)
तक्षशिलायाः (genitive singular)
तक्षशिलायाम् (locative singular)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀢𑀔𑀲𑀺𑀮𑀸 (takhasilā /takkhasilā/)

Gandhari: 𐨟𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨭𐨁𐨫 (takṣaśila)

desctree

Pali: Takkasilā
→ Burmese: တက္ကသိုလ် (takka.suil)
Pa'o Karen: တက္ကသိုလ်ႏ
→ Shan: တၵ်ႈၵသူဝ်ႇ (tāk kǎ sò) / တၵ်ႉၵသူဝ်ႇ (tâ̰k kǎ sò)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਤਕਸ਼ਿਲਾ (takśilā)

Shahmukhi script: ٹیکسلا (ṭekslā)

desc

Urdu: ٹیکسلا

Urdu: ٹیکسلا

→ Ancient Greek: Τάξιλα (Táxila)

→ English: Taxila

→ Latin: Taxila

→ Gujarati: તક્ષશિલા (takṣaśilā)

→ Hindi: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

→ Maithili: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

→ Marathi: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

→ Nepali: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

/ˈt̪ɐk.ʂɐ.ɕi.l̪ɑː/

Compound of तक्ष (takṣa) + शिला (śilā, “stone”).

com+

Takshashila (an ancient city and archaeological site in the modern province of Punjab, Pakistan)


मीरपुर ख़ास

hi-proper noun

मीरपुर ख़ास • (mīrpur xās) m (Urdu spelling میرپور خاص)

mīrpur xās (romanization)
میرپور خاص (Urdu)
मीरपुर ख़ास (direct singular)
मीरपुर ख़ास (oblique singular)
मीरपुर ख़ास (singular vocative)

[miːɾ.pʊɾ‿kʰäːs]

मीर (mīr, “Mir (title) of Khairpur (princely state)”, the ruler of the Talpur dynasty) + -पुर (-pur) + ख़ास (xās).

af

Khairpur (princely state)
Mir (title)
Talpur


जैकबाबाद

hi-proper noun

जैकबाबाद • (jaikbābād) m (Urdu spelling جیکب آباد)

jaikbābād (romanization)
جیکب آباد (Urdu)
जैकबाबाद (direct singular)
जैकबाबाद (oblique singular)
जैकबाबाद (singular vocative)

/d͡ʒɛːk.bɑː.bɑːd̪/

[d͡ʒɛːk.bäː.bäːd̪]

Renaming of ख़ानगढ़ (xāngaṛh, “Khangarh”) to जैकब (jaikab, “John Jacob (East India Company officer)”) + -आबाद (-ābād, “placename suffix”).

af

John Jacob (East India Company officer)
hi:जकोबाबाद


मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़

hi-proper noun

मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़ • (muzaffargaṛh) m (Urdu spelling مظفر گڑھ)

muzaffargaṛh (romanization)
مظفر گڑھ (Urdu)
मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़ (direct singular)
मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़ (oblique singular)
मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़ (singular vocative)

/mʊ.d͡ʒəpʰ.pʰəɾ.ɡəɽʱ/

[mʊ.d͡ʒɐpʰ.pʰɐɾ.ɡɐɽʱ]

मुज़फ़्फ़र (muzaffar, “Nawab Muzaffar Khan”) + -गढ़ (-gaṛh).

af

Muzaffargarh (a city in Punjab, Pakistan)


बहावलनगर

hi-proper noun

बहावलनगर • (bahāvalnagar) m (Urdu spelling بہاولنگر)

bahāvalnagar (romanization)
بہاولنگر (Urdu)
बहावलनगर (direct singular)
बहावलनगर (oblique singular)
बहावलनगर (singular vocative)

hi-ndecl

//बहावल्नगर<M.sg>

/bə.ɦɑː.ʋəl.nə.ɡəɾ/

[bɐ.ɦäː.ʋɐl.nɐ.ɡɐɾ]

From बहावल (bahāval, “Bahawal Khan V”) + -नगर (-nagar).

af

Bahawalnagar (a city in Punjab, Pakistan)


सादिक़ाबाद

hi-proper noun

सादिक़ाबाद • (sādiqābād) m (Urdu spelling صادق آباد)

sādiqābād (romanization)
صادق آباد (Urdu)
सादिक़ाबाद (direct singular)
सादिक़ाबाद (oblique singular)
सादिक़ाबाद (singular vocative)

सादिक़ (sādiq, “Sadeq Mohammad Khan V”) + -आबाद (-ābād).

af

Sadiqabad (a city in Rahim Yar Khan district, Punjab, Pakistan)


सरगोधा

hi-proper noun

सरगोधा • (sargodhā) m (Urdu spelling سرگودھا)

/səɾ.ɡoː.d̪ʱɑː/

[sɐɾ.ɡoː.d̪ʱäː]

Borrowed from Punjabi ਸਰਗੋਧਾ (sargodhā) / سرگودھا (sargodhā), from ਸਰ (sar, “pond, pool”) + ਗੋਧਾ (godhā, “a Hindu fakir”) / سر (sr, “pond, pool”) + گودھا (godhā, “a Hindu ascetic”).


ननकाना साहिब

hi-proper noun

ननकाना साहिब • (nankānā sāhib) ? (Urdu spelling ننکانہ صاحب)

nankānā sāhib (romanization)
ننکانہ صاحب (Urdu)

[nɐ̃n.käː.näː‿säː.ɦɪb]

Borrowed from Punjabi ਨਨਕਾਣਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ (nankāṇā sāhib) / ننکاݨہ صاحب (nankāṇā sāhib), named after Guru Nanak.

bor+

ਨਨਕਾਣਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ

Nankana Sahib (a city in Punjab, Pakistan)


ख़ुशाब

hi-proper noun

ख़ुशाब • (xuśāb) m (Urdu spelling خوشاب)

xuśāb (romanization)
خوشاب (Urdu)
ख़ुशाब (direct singular)
ख़ुशाब (oblique singular)
ख़ुशाब (singular vocative)

com

ख़ुश (xuś) + आब (āb)


नवाबशाह

hi-proper noun

नवाबशाह • (navābśāh) m (Urdu spelling نوابشاہ)

navābśāh (romanization)
نوابشاہ (Urdu)
नवाबशाह (direct singular)
नवाबशाह (oblique singular)
नवाबशाह (singular vocative)

/nə.ʋɑːb.ʃɑːɦ/

[nɐ.ʋäːb.ʃäːʱ]

Named after Syed Nawab Shah (1843–1901).

Shaheed Benazirabad
Shaheed Benazirabad#English

Nawabshah (a city in Shaheed Benazirabad district, Sindh, Pakistan)


पाकपत्तन

पाकपत्तन • (pākpattan) m (Urdu spelling پَاکْپَتَّن)

pākpattan (romanization)
پَاکْپَتَّن (Urdu)
पाकपत्तन (direct singular)
पाकपत्तन (oblique singular)
पाकपत्तन (singular vocative)

Renaming of अजोधन (ajodhan) to पाक (pāk) + पत्तन (pattan).


शेख़ूपुरा

शेख़ूपुरा • (śexūpurā) m (Urdu spelling شيخوپورہ)

śexūpurā (romanization)
شيخوپورہ (Urdu)
शेख़ूपुरा (direct singular)
शेख़ूपुरे (oblique singular)
शेख़ूपुरे (singular vocative)

Renaming of सिंहपुरिया (sĩhpuriyā), कोट दयाल दास (koṭ dayāl dās) and वरिकगढ़ (varikgaṛh) to शेख़ू (śexū, “nickname of Jahangir”) + पुरा (purā).

com

Sheikhupura (a city in Punjab, Pakistan)


ख़ैबर पख़्तूनख़्वा

hi-proper noun

خَیبَر پَخْتُونْخوا

ख़ैबर पख़्तूनख़्वा • (xaibar paxtūnxvā) m (Urdu spelling خَیبَر پَخْتُونْخوا)

xaibar paxtūnxvā (romanization)
خَیبَر پَخْتُونْخوا (Urdu)
ख़ैबर पख़्तूनख़्वा (direct singular)
ख़ैबर पख़्तूनख़्वे (oblique singular)
ख़ैबर पख़्तूनख़्वे (singular vocative)

[xɛː.bɐɾ‿pɐx.t̪ũːn.xʋäː]

/kʰɛː.bəɾ pəkʰ.t̪uːn.kʰʋɑː/

[kʰɛː.bɐɾ‿pɐkʰ.t̪ũːn.kʰʋäː]

Borrowed from Urdu خَیْبَر پَخْتُونخْوا (xaibar paxtūnxvā).

bor+

خَیْبَر پَخْتُونخْوا

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (a province of Pakistan)


Karáčí

Karachi (the capital city of the province of Sindh, Pakistan, and the largest city in Pakistan)


مغربی پاکستان

ur-proper noun

مغربی پاکستان • (maġribī pākistān) m

West Pakistan (a former province of Pakistan, Asia)

ur:مغربی پاکستان


مشرقی پاکستان

مشرقی پاکستان • (maśriqī pākistān) m

East Pakistan (a former province of Pakistan, Asia)


पश्चिमी पाकिस्तान

hi-proper noun

پشچمی پاکستان

पश्चिमी पाकिस्तान • (paścimī pākistān) m (Urdu spelling پشچمی پاکستان)

paścimī pākistān (romanization)
پشچمی پاکستان (Urdu)
पश्चिमी पाकिस्तान (direct singular)
पश्चिमी पाकिस्तान (oblique singular)
पश्चिमी पाकिस्तान (singular vocative)

Calque of Urdu مغربی پاکستان (maġribī pākistān).

cal

مغربی پاکستان

hi:पश्चिमी पाकिस्तान


पूर्वी पाकिस्तान

hi-proper noun

پوروی پاکستان

पूर्वी पाकिस्तान • (pūrvī pākistān) m (Urdu spelling پوروی پاکستان)

pūrvī pākistān (romanization)
پوروی پاکستان (Urdu)
पूर्वी पाकिस्तान (direct singular)
पूर्वी पाकिस्तान (oblique singular)
पूर्वी पाकिस्तान (singular vocative)

Calque of Urdu مشرقی پاکستان (maśriqī pākistān) and Bengali পূর্ব পাকিস্তান (purbô pakistan).

cal

مشرقی پاکستان

পূর্ব পাকিস্তান

hi:पूर्वी पाकिस्तान


இஸ்லாமாபாத்

ta-proper noun

இஸ்லாமாபாத் • (islāmāpāt)

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan)

ta:இஸ்லாமாபாத்


信德

/ɕin⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/sɵn³³ tɐk̚⁵/

/sin²¹⁻⁵³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/ɕin⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/sɵn³³ tɐk̚⁵/

/sin²¹⁻⁵³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɪk̚³²/


لاہور

ur-proper noun

لاہَور • (lāhaur) m (Hindi spelling लाहौर)

لاہَور (canonical)
lāhaur (romanization)
लाहौर (Hindi)

Unknown or disputed. A legend claims to be inherited from Sanskrit लव (lava, “Lava”) + पुर (pura, “fortress; city”), literally “city of Lava”, from Ramayana, a Hindu epic. Compare Punjabi لَہَوْر (lahaur).

unknown

Unknown or disputed

com

Lahore (The second largest city of Pakistan and the provincial capital of Punjab; located on the Ravi river)


لاهور

ar-proper noun

لَاهُور • (lāhūr) ?

لَاهُور (canonical)
lāhūr (romanization)


لاهور

head

لاهور • (lâhor)

Turkish: Lahor

Borrowed from Arabic لَاهُور (lāhūr), from Urdu لاہَور (lāhaur, “Lahore”).


لاهور

لاهور • (lâhor)

fa-proper noun

لاهور • (lâhor)


لاهور

lāhoru (romanization)
लाहोरु (Devanagari)


خوشاب

ur-proper noun

خُوشَاب • (xūśāb) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुशाब)

خُوشَاب (canonical)
xūśāb (romanization)
ख़ुशाब (Hindi)

From خوش (xuś, “sweet”) + آب (āb, “water”), both elements from Persian.

Khushab (a city in Khushab district, Punjab, Pakistan)


रहीम यार ख़ान

hi-proper noun

رحیم یار خان

रहीम यार ख़ान • (rahīm yār xān) ? (Urdu spelling رحیم یار خان)

rahīm yār xān (romanization)
رحیم یار خان (Urdu)

/ɾə.ɦiːm jɑːɾ xɑːn/

[ɾɐ.ɦĩːm‿jäːɾ‿xä̃ːn]

/ɾə.ɦiːm jɑːɾ kʰɑːn/

[ɾɐ.ɦĩːm‿jäːɾ‿kʰä̃ːn]

Rahim Yar Khan (a city in Punjab, Pakistan)

Bahawalpur (princely state)
hi:रहीम यार ख़ान


मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद

मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद • (muzaffarābād) m (Urdu spelling مظفر آباد)

muzaffarābād (romanization)
مظفر آباد (Urdu)
मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद (direct singular)
मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद (oblique singular)
मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद (singular vocative)

/mʊ.d͡ʒəpʰ.pʰə.ɾɑː.bɑːd̪/

[mʊ.d͡ʒɐpʰ.pʰɐ.ɾäː.bäːd̪]

From मुज़फ़्फ़र (muzaffar, “Sultan Muzaffar Khan”) + -आबाद (-ābād).

af

Muzaffarabad (a city, the capital of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan)


सियालकोट

hi-proper noun

सियालकोट • (siyālkoṭ) m (Urdu spelling سیالکوٹ)

siyālkoṭ (romanization)
سیالکوٹ (Urdu)
सियालकोट (direct singular)
सियालकोट (oblique singular)
सियालकोट (singular vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit शकल (śakala) + Hindi कोट (koṭ, “fort”). Compare Ancient Greek Σάγγαλα (Sángala), its name under the Indo-Greek Kingdom.

Sialkot (a city in Sialkot district, Punjab, Pakistan)

Sialkot (a district of Punjab, Pakistan)


Takkasilā

desctree

→ Burmese: တက္ကသိုလ် (takka.suil)
Pa'o Karen: တက္ကသိုလ်ႏ
→ Shan: တၵ်ႈၵသူဝ်ႇ (tāk kǎ sò) / တၵ်ႉၵသူဝ်ႇ (tâ̰k kǎ sò)

Inherited from Sanskrit तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā, “City of Cut Stone”). Compare Gandhari 𐨟𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨭𐨁𐨫 (takṣaśila).

inh+

Taxila (a city in Rawalpindi district, Punjab, Pakistan).


Khyber Pass

A mountain pass connecting Pakistan and Afghanistan of great strategic and historical importance.


Gedrosia

la-proper noun

Gedrōsia f sg (genitive Gedrōsiae); first declension

Gedrōsia (canonical feminine singular)
Gedrōsiae (genitive)
Gedrōsia (nominative singular)
Gedrōsiae (genitive singular)
Gedrōsiae (dative singular)
Gedrōsiam (accusative singular)
Gedrōsiā (ablative singular)
Gedrōsia (singular vocative)

[ɡɛˈd̪roːs̠iä]

[d͡ʒeˈd̪rɔːs̬iä]

An ancient district of South Asia, in modern Pakistan and Iran, bounded on the east by the Indus and on the west by Carmania and approximately corresponding to modern Makran.


𐨟𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨭𐨁𐨫

head

𐨟𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨭𐨁𐨫 (takṣaśila)

From Sanskrit तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā, “City of Cut Stone”). Cognate with Ashokan Prakrit 𑀢𑀔𑀲𑀺𑀮𑀸 (takhasilā /takkhasilā/), Pali Takkasilā.

cog

Taxila (an ancient city and archaeological site in the modern province of Punjab, Pakistan)


Karákóram

cs-proper noun

Karákóram m inan (relational adjective karákóramský)

karákóramský (adjective relational)
Karákóram (nominative singular)
Karákóramu (genitive singular)
Karákóramu (dative singular)
Karákóram (accusative singular)
Karákórame (singular vocative)
Karákóramu (locative singular)
Karákóramem (instrumental singular)

a high mountain range in the Himalayas, in Afghanistan, China, India, Pakistan and Tajikistan


بھاگ

Bhag (a city in Kachhi district, Balochistan, Pakistan)


کرتارپور

pa-proper noun

کرتارپور • (kartārpur) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਰਤਾਰਪੁਰ)

kartārpur (romanization)
ਕਰਤਾਰਪੁਰ (Gurmukhi)

From کرتار (kartār, “Creator”) + پور (por, “city, town, village”).


Jhelum

Borrowed from Urdu جھیلم (jhelam), a dated form of جِہْلَم (jihlam).

A river in northern India and eastern Pakistan, a tributary of the Indus.

A city in Punjab, Pakistan, on the right bank of that river.


อิสลามาบาด

From English Islamabad or Urdu اسلام آباد.

bor

Urdu اسلام آباد


पुष्कलावती

hi-proper noun

پُشْکَلَاوَتِی

पुष्कलावती • (puṣkalāvatī) f (Urdu spelling پُشْکَلَاوَتِی)

puṣkalāvatī (romanization)
پُشْکَلَاوَتِی (Urdu)
पुष्कलावती (direct singular)
पुष्कलावती (oblique singular)
पुष्कलावती (singular vocative)

hi-ndecl

//पुष्कलाव*ती<F.sg>

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुष्कलावती (puṣkalāvatī).

bor+

Pushkalavati (the ancient capital of Gandhara kingdom, near Charsadda in modern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


पुष्कलावती

head

पुष्कलावती • (puṣkalāvatī) f

mr-noun

पुष्कलावती • (puṣkalāvatī) f


पुष्कलावती

→ Bengali: পুষ্কলাবতী (puśkolaboti)

→ Hindi: पुष्कलावती (puṣkalāvatī)

→ Marathi: पुष्कलावती (puṣkalāvatī)

→ Urdu: پشکلاوتی (puṣkalāvatī)


俾路支

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

(～省) Balochistan (a province of Pakistan; capital: Quetta)


लाहोर

head

लाहोर • (lāhor) ?

mr-proper noun

लाहोर • (lāhor) ?

Ultimately from Sanskrit लवपुरी (lavapurī) from लव (lava, “Lava (Ramayana)”) + पुरी (purī). Compare Gujarati લાહોર (lāhor), Kannada ಲಾಹೋರ್ (lāhōr), Hindi लाहौर (lāhaur), Punjabi ਲਹੌਰ (lahaur) / لَہور (lahvr), Bengali লাহোর (lahōr), Thai ลพบุรี (lóp-bù-rii, “Lopburi”, city in Thailand).

cog

Lahore (a city, the provincial capital of Punjab, Pakistan)


Gujrat

Borrowed from Punjabi ਗੁਜਰਾਤ (gujrāt) / گجرات (gjrāt), derived from the name of the Gujjars.


atshareét

head

atshareét m (Perso-Arabic spelling اڅھریت)

Ashret (a village, a valley in Chitral district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


giḍ

Damel (a valley in southern Chitral, Pakistan)


木爾坦

/mu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


क्लिफ़्टन

hi-proper noun

क्लिफ़्टन • (klifṭan) ? (Urdu spelling کلفٹن)

Clifton (a neighbourhood of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan)


KRK

Kot Radha Kishan
Kot Radha Kishan#English

Abbreviation of Kot Radha Kishan.; A city in Kot Radha Kishan, Kasur district, Punjab, Pakistan


अनारकली बाज़ार

اَنارکَلِی بازار

अनारकली बाज़ार • (anārkalī bāzār) m (Urdu spelling اَنارکَلِی بازار)

anārkalī bāzār (romanization)
اَنارکَلِی بازار (Urdu)
अनारकली बाज़ार (direct singular)
अनारकली बाज़ार (oblique singular)
अनारकली बाज़ार (singular vocative)

[ɐ.näːɾ.kɐ.liː‿bäː.zäːɾ]

/ə.nɑːɾ.kə.liː bɑː.d͡ʒɑːɾ/

[ɐ.näːɾ.kɐ.liː‿bäː.d͡ʒäːɾ]

Named after Anarkali, from अनारकली (anārkalī) + बाज़ार (bāzār).

com

अनारकली (anārkalī) + बाज़ार (bāzār)

Anarkali Bazaar (a neighbourhood of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan).


시알코트

[ɕʰia̠ɭkʰo̞tʰɯ]

Sialkot (a city in Sialkot district, Punjab, Pakistan)


ឥស្លាម៉ាបាដ

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan)


لہور

pa-proper noun

لَہَور or لَہور • (lahaur or lahor) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਲਹੌਰ)

لَہَور (canonical)
لَہور (canonical)
lahaur (romanization)
lahor (romanization)
ਲਹੌਰ (Gurmukhi)

Inherited from Old Punjabi ਲਾਹੋਰੁ (lāhoru), further unknown or disputed. A legend claims to be inherited from Sanskrit लव (lava, “Lava”) + पुर (pura, “fortress; city”), literally “city of Lava”, from Ramayana, a Hindu epic. Compare Kashmiri لوہوٗر (lohūr) and Urdu لاہَوْر (lāhaur).

unknown

further unknown or disputed

com

جِنے لَہَور نَئیں تَکیا، اوْہ جَمِیا ہی نَئیں۔

jine lahaur na'īṉ takeyā, oh jamīyā hī na'īṉ.


အစ္စလာမာဘတ်

/ʔɪʔsəlàmàbaʔ/


I-xla-ma-bát

[ʔi˧˧ slaː˧˧ maː˧˧ ʔɓaːt̚˧˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ slaː˧˧ maː˧˧ ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɪj˧˧ slaː˧˧ maː˧˧ ʔɓaːk̚˦˥]


پشاور

ur-proper noun

پِشاوَر • (piśāvar) m (Hindi spelling पेशावर)

پِشاوَر (canonical)
piśāvar (romanization)
पेशावर (Hindi)

/pɪ.ʃɑː.ʋəɾ/

Corrupted from Classical Persian پَرَشَاوَر (parašāvar), ultimately from Sanskrit पुरूषपुर (purūṣapura). Cognates Pashto پېښور (pex̌awar) and Punjabi پِشَور (piśaur).

der

Peshawar (a city, the provincial capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


ربوہ

ur-proper noun

رَبْوَہ • (rabva) m (Hindi spelling रब्वह)

رَبْوَہ (canonical)
rabva (romanization)
रब्वह (Hindi)

Borrowed from Arabic رُبْوَة (rubwa, “height, hill”).

bor+

Rabwah (a city in Chiniot district, Punjab, Pakistan), an important city for Ahmadi Muslims and former headquarters of the Ahmadiyya community, an area higher than its surroundings.


لوہوٗر

head

لوہوٗر • (lōhūr) m

ks-proper noun

لوہوٗر • (lōhūr) m

Borrowed from Hindustani لاہور (lāhor) / लाहौर (lāhaur) or Punjabi لہور / ਲਹੌਰ (lahaur).

Lahore (The second largest city of Pakistan and the provincial capital of Punjab; located on the Ravi river)


Torkham

A city in Khyber district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, on the Afghan border

A border crossing in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, on the border with Nangarhar, Afghanistan


Балучистон

head

Балучистон • (Balučiston) (Persian spelling بلوچستان)

Balučiston (romanization)
spelling بلوچستان (Persian)

Balochistan (a region on the Iranian plateau in south-western Asia, northwest of the Arabian Sea, dominated by desert and mountains, composed of southwestern Pakistan, southeastern Iran and a strip of southwestern Afghanistan; inhabited by the Baloch people)


بلوچستان

بلوچستان • (balučestân)

fa-proper noun

بلوچستان • (balučestân)

From بلوچ (baluč, “Baloch”) + ـستان (-estân).


بلوچستان

ur-proper noun

بَلوچِسْتَان

بَلوچِسْتَان • (balocistān) m (Hindi spelling बलूचिस्तान)

بَلوچِسْتَان (canonical)
balocistān (romanization)
बलूचिस्तान (Hindi)

بَ‧لو‧چِسْ‧تان

Borrowed from Classical Persian بلوچستان (balôčistân), equivalent to بلوچ (baloc, “Baloch people”) + ـستان (-(i)stān, “-land”).


सिंध

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu). Doublet of सिंधु (sindhu), हिंद (hind), and इंडिया (iṇḍiyā).

doublet

Indus (a river in the provinces of Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the administrative territory of Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, the union territory of Ladakh in India and the autonomous region of Tibet in China)


سندھ

ur-proper noun

سِنْدھ • (sindh) m (Hindi spelling सिंध)

سِنْدھ (canonical)
sindh (romanization)
सिंध (Hindi)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš
Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu)slbor.
Urdu سِنْدھ (sindh)
Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu). Doublet of ہِنْد (hind) and اِنْڈِیا (inḍiyā). Compare Khowar سِن (sin), Saraiki سِنّہہ (sinnh), Ushojo سندھو (sindhō).

etymon

سِنْدھ

doublet

دَرْیَائے سِنْدھ


پَنٛجاب

panjāb (romanization)
पंजाब (Devanagari)

Borrowed from Classical Persian پنجاب (panjāb) or Sanskrit पञ्च (pañca) + आप (āpa)- five waters, five rivers, referring to the five great rivers of the Punjab- Ravi, Satluj, Beas, Jhelum and Chenab. Compare Hindustani پنجاب / पंजाब (pañjāb).


吉爾吉特

ㄐㄧˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄜˋ

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

Gilgit (the capital city of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan)


سنڌ

sindhu (romanization)
सिंधु (Devanagari)


Turbat

A city in southern Balochistan, Pakistan.


إسلام آباد

ar-proper noun

إِسْلَام آباد

إِسْلَام آباد • (ʔislām ʔābād) f

إِسْلَام آباد (canonical)
ʔislām ʔābād (romanization)
إِسْلَام آباد (definite diptote informal singular)
إِسْلَام آبادُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
إِسْلَام آبادَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
إِسْلَام آبادَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

ar-decl-noun

إِسْلَام آباد:di

Borrowed from Urdu اِسْلام آباد (islām ābād).

bor+

اِسْلام آباد

ar:إسلام آباد


Lodhran

A city and district in Punjab, Pakistan.


گوادر

ur-proper noun

گْوادَر • (gvādar) m (Hindi spelling ग्वादर)

گْوادَر (canonical)
gvādar (romanization)
ग्वादर (Hindi)

/ɡʊ.ɑː.d̪əɾ/

Borrowed from Baluchi گوادر (gwādar), a compound of گوات (gwát, “wind, air”) + در (dar, “door, gateway”).

compound

Gwadar (a port city in Balochistan, Pakistan)


Larkana

A city in Sind, Pakistan, also known as the "city of Holy Alams".


Poonch

A district, a division of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.

Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir#English

a river in the autonomous territory of Azad Jammu and Kashmir in Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir in India.


پشور

پِشَور (canonical masculine)
piśaur (romanization)
piśor (romanization)

میں ریڈیو پاکستان پشور دا بی شکر گزار آں

2002, محمد جہانگیر تبسم [mḥmd jhānger tbsm, Muhammad Jahangir Tabassum], دکھ سکھ [Dukh sukh], طبائی ۴ [T̤abaʻ-yi 4] edition, Peshawar: Gandhara Institute of Medical Sciences, →OCLC, page 12:

I'm also thankful of Radio Pakistan Peshawar

Peshawar (a city, the provincial capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan).


پشور

pa-proper noun

پِشَور • (piśaur) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਿਸ਼ੌਰ)

پِشَور (canonical)
piśaur (romanization)
ਪਿਸ਼ੌਰ (Gurmukhi)

/pɪ.ʃɔː.ɾə̆/

Corrupted from Classical Persian پرشاور (parašāvar), ultimately from Sanskrit पुरुषपुर (puruṣapura, “city of men”). Cognates Pashto پېښور (pex̌awar) and Urdu پشاور (piśāvar).

inh

اوہناں دیاں لکھتاں ویکھ کے انج لگدا اے جِہڑا پنجاب لہور توں دِلی تائیں تے پشور توں کابل تائیں بھلیا ہویا سی

1998, فارق ندیم [Farūq Nadīm], پہلے پیار دا پہلا بھلیکھا [Pahle piyār dā pahlā bhulekhā], Lahore: Institute of Punjab Language and Culture, →OCLC, page 210:

From his writings, it would seem that the Punjab from Lahore to Delhi and from Peshawar to Kabul was neglected


Bhanbhore

(historical) A historical city in Sindh, Pakistan.


Chenab

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)bor.
Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb)bor.
Urdu چَنَاب (canāb)bor.
Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb)bor.
Hindi चनाब (canāb)bor.
English Chenab
Borrowed from Hindustani چَنَاب (canāb) / चनाब (canāb), from Classical Persian چناب (čanāb), ultimately from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā).

etymon

Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh#English

a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India.


چناب

head

چناب • (čanâb)

fa-proper noun

چناب • (čanâb)

→ Azerbaijani: Çənab

→ Chagatai: چَناب

Uyghur: چەناب (chenab)

Uzbek: Chanob

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चनाब (canāb)

Urdu: چَناب (canāb)

→ Ottoman Turkish: چَناب (Çenab)

Turkish: Çenab

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਚਨਾਬ (canāb)

Punjabi: چَناب (canāb)

→ Sindhi: چَناب

[t͡ʃa.ˈnɑːβ]

[t͡ʃʰä.nɑ́ːb]

[t͡ʃʰä.nɑ́ːb]

[t͡ʃʰä.nɑ́ːb]

[t͡ʃʰä.nɔ́ːb̥]

[t͡ʃʰæ.nɒ́ːb̥]

[t͡ʃʰä.nɔ́b]

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)bor.
Persian چناب
Borrowed from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā).

etymon

sa>चन्द्रभागा>river


چناب

pa-proper noun

چَناب • (canāb) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਚਨਾਬ)

چَناب (canonical)
canāb (romanization)
ਚਨਾਬ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb), borrowed from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).


چناب

چَناب (canonical)
canāb (romanization)
चनाब (Hindi)

→ Arabic: جَنَاب (janāb)

→ English: Chenab

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)bor.
Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb)bor.
Urdu چَناب (canāb)
Borrowed from Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb), borrowed from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).
Compare Punjabi جَھناں (jhanāṉ) / چَنھاں (canhāṉ) / ਝਨਾਂ (jhanā̃) and Saraiki چَنان٘ہہ (canāṉh).

چَناب

Chenab (a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India)


désert du Cholistan

Holonyms: désert du Thar, Pendjab


désert du Thar

Meronym: désert du Cholistan


راوی

pa-proper noun

راوی • (rāvī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਾਵੀ)

→ Urdu: راوی (rāvī)

Inherited from Sanskrit इरावती (irāvatī).

inh+

Ravi (a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India).


Карочӣ

head

Карочӣ • (Karoči) (Persian spelling کراچی)

Karoči (romanization)
spelling کراچی (Persian)

Karachi (the largest city in Pakistan situated along the Arabian Sea, as well as the provincial capital of Sindh Province)


Файсалобод

Файсалобод • (Faysalobod) (Persian spelling فیصلآباد)

Faysalobod (romanization)
spelling فیصلآباد (Persian)


Исломобод

Исломобод • (Islomobod) (Persian spelling اسلامآباد)

Islomobod (romanization)
spelling اسلامآباد (Persian)

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan, located within the Islamabad Capital Territory)

Islamabad (the former name of Chittagong, a city in Bangladesh)


فیصل‌آباد

فیصلآباد • (feysal-âbâd)

fa-proper noun

فیصلآباد • (feysal-âbâd)

فیصلآباد (canonical)
feysal-âbâd (romanization)


Лоҳур

head

Лоҳур • (Lohur) (Persian spelling لاهور)

Lohur (romanization)
spelling لاهور (Persian)

Lahore (The second largest city of Pakistan and the provincial capital of Punjab; located on the Ravi river)


Ҳайдаробод

Ҳайдаробод • (Haydarobod) (Persian spelling حیدرآباد)

Haydarobod (romanization)
spelling حیدرآباد (Persian)


مولتان

مولتان • (multân)

fa-proper noun

مولتان • (multân)


Мултон

head

Мултон • (Multon) (Persian spelling مولتان)

Multon (romanization)
spelling مولتان (Persian)


اسلام‌آباد

اِسْلامآباد • (eslâm-âbâd)

fa-proper noun

اِسْلامآباد • (eslâm-âbâd)

اِسْلامآباد (canonical)
eslâm-âbâd (romanization)

[ʔis.lɑː.mɑː.ˈβɑːð]

[ʔɪs.lɑː.mɑː.bɑ́ːd̪]

[ʔɪs.lɑː.mɑː.bɑ́ːd̪]

[ʔɪs.lɑː.mɑː.bɑ́ːd̪]

af

اِسْلام (eslâm) + ـآباد (-âbâd)


حیدرآباد

head

حیدرآباد • (heydar-âbâd)

fa-proper noun

حیدرآباد • (heydar-âbâd)

[ʔäj.d̪ä.ɾɑː.bɑːd̪]

[ʔäj.d̪ä.ɾɔː.bɔːd̪̥]


کراچی

head

کراچی • (karâči)

fa-proper noun

کراچی • (karâči)

[kʰä.ɾɑː.t͡ʃʰíː]

[kʰä.ɾɑː.t͡ʃʰíː]

[kʰä.ɾɑː.t͡ʃʰíː]

[kʰä.ɾɔː.t͡ʃʰí]

[kʰʲæ.ɹɒː.t͡ʃʰíː]

[kʰä.ɾɔ.t͡ʃʰí]


کراچی

pa-proper noun

کراچی • (karācī) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਰਾਚੀ)

Supposedly from Sindhi کولاچی (kōlāčī), named after Mai Kolachi.

bor

Sindhi کولاچی (kōlāčī)


کراچی

ur-proper noun

کَراچی • (karācī) m (Hindi spelling कराची)

کَراچی (canonical)
karācī (romanization)
कराची (Hindi)

/kə.ɾɑː.t͡ʃiː/

bor

Sindhi کولاچی (kōlāčī)


Панҷоб

head

Панҷоб • (Panjob) (Persian spelling پنجاب)

Panjob (romanization)
spelling پنجاب (Persian)

Inherited from Classical Persian پَنْجَاب (panjāb). By surface analysis, панҷ (panj) + об (ob).

surf

Punjab (a geographical region of South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.)


Музаффаробод

head

Музаффаробод • (Muzaffarobod) (Persian spelling مظفرآباد)

Muzaffarobod (romanization)
spelling مظفرآباد (Persian)

Muzaffarabad (a city, the provincial capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, an autonomous territory of Pakistan)


Вазиристон

Вазиристон • (Vaziriston) (Persian spelling وزیرستان)

Vaziriston (romanization)
spelling وزیرستان (Persian)

Waziristan (a mountainous region in northwestern Pakistan)


Кувета

Кувета • (Kuveta) (Persian spelling کویته)

Kuveta (romanization)
spelling کویته (Persian)

Quetta (a city, the provincial capital of Balochistan, Pakistan).


Пешовар

Пешовар • (Pešovar) (Persian spelling پیشاور)

Pešovar (romanization)
spelling پیشاور (Persian)


Хайбер-Пухтунхво

خیبر پختونخوا

Хайбер-Пухтунхво • (Xayber-Puxtunxvo) (Persian spelling خیبر پختونخوا)

tg-proper noun

خیبر پختونخوا

Xayber-Puxtunxvo (romanization)
spelling خیبر پختونخوا (Persian)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa#English:_Q183314

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (a province in northwestern Pakistan)


پیشاور

head

پیشاور • (pešâvar)

fa-proper noun

پیشاور • (pešâvar)


خیبر پختونخوا

ur-proper noun

خَیْبَر پَخْتُونخْوا

خَیْبَر پَخْتُونخْوا • (xaibar-paxtūnxvā) m (Hindi spelling ख़ै्बर पख़्तूनख़्वा)

خَیْبَر پَخْتُونخْوا (canonical)
xaibar-paxtūnxvā (romanization)
ख़ै्बर पख़्तूनख़्वा (Hindi)

→ English: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

LL-Q1617 (urd)-نعم البدل-خیبر پختونخوا.wav

From خیبر (xaibar, “Khyber”) + پختونخوا (paxtūnxvā, “Land of the Pashtun”), literally “the Khyber side of the Pashtun heartland”. Compare Pashto خېبر پښتونخوا (xēbar paẍtunxwâ).

cog

خېبر پښتونخوا


Mothparja

From Sindhi موٿپارجا (mauthapaarijaa). Compound of mautu (death), paari (cross), jaa (of, used when the possessees are plural) = 'those beyond death'.

bor

Sindhi موٿپارجا

A small village, a rural area in district Khairpur in the province of Sindh, Pakistan, situated 2km far from the National Highway 5.


désert de Thar

Alternative form of désert du Thar (“Thar Desert”)


راولپنڈی

pa-noun

راوَلْپِنْڈی

راوَلْپِنْڈی • (rāvalpinḍī) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਾਵਲਪਿੰਡੀ)

راوَلْپِنْڈی (canonical)
rāvalpinḍī (romanization)
ਰਾਵਲਪਿੰਡੀ (Gurmukhi)

/ɾäː.ʋəl.pɪ̃ɳ.ɖiː/

/ɾäː.wəl.pɪ̃ɳ.ɖiː/

/ɾäː˦ɭə̆.pɪ̃ɳ.ɖiː/

From راول (rāval) + پنڈی (pinḍī), diminutive of پنڈ (pinḍ, “village”).


راولپنڈی

ur-proper noun

راوَلْپِنْڈی

راوَلْپِنْڈی • (rāvalpinḍī) m (Hindi spelling रावलपिंडी)

راوَلْپِنْڈی (canonical)
rāvalpinḍī (romanization)
रावलपिंडी (Hindi)

را‧ول‧پِن‧ڈی

From Punjabi راولپنڈی (rāvalpinḍī), named after Bappa Rawal.

Rawalpindi (a city in Rawalpindi district, Punjab, Pakistan)


چنانہہ

head

چَنان٘ہہ (canāṉh) m

چَنان٘ہہ (canonical masculine)
canāṉh (romanization)

Inherited from Prakrit चंदभागा (caṃdabhāgā), from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga) + -आ (-ā, feminine suffix). Compare Punjabi جَھناں (jhanāṉ) / ਝਨਾਂ (jhanā̃) and Hindustani چَنَاب (canāb) / चनाब (canāb).

af

1929ء وچ بݨیا ہویا اے مل مظفر ڳڑھ دے نیڑے چنانہہ دے مل وانگوں ہے۔

1998, حمید الفت ملغانی [Ḥamīd Ulfat Malġāṇī], پاندھی پچھاں واٹیں تکاں [pāndhī pchāṉ vāṭeṉ tkāṉ, pāndhī puchchān̲ vāṭīn̲ takkān̲], Multan: سنجوک پبلی کیشنز [snjok pblī keśnz], →OCLC, page 201:

Chenab (a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India).


جھناں

pa-proper noun

جَھناں • (jhanāṉ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਝਨਾਂ or ਚਨਾਬ)

جَھناں (canonical)
jhanāṉ (romanization)
ਝਨਾਂ (Gurmukhi)
ਚਨਾਬ (Gurmukhi)

/ˈt͡ʃə˨.nä̃ː˦/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā)
Punjabi جَھناں (jhanāṉ)
From Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā), from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga). Compare Saraiki چَنان٘ہہ (canāṉh) and Hindustani چَنَاب (canāb) / चनाब (canāb).

etymon

جَھناں

وگے لہراں لیندا راوی ٹھاٹھاں مارے جھناں

a. 1973, فقیر محمّد فقیر [fqer mḥmmd fqer, Faqir Muhammad Faqir], میرا دیس امیر [merā des amīr], quoted in لعلاں دی پنڈ [Laʻlān dī pinḍ], Lahore: Aziz Depot, archived from the original on 2023-03-29, page 375:

تے جھناں دا پانی ایڈا چڑھیا ہوندا اے کہ پاراوار کجھ نظر نہیں آؤندا

2001, شبنم اسحاق [Shabnam Isḥāq], سوہنی مہینوال [Sohṇī Mahīnvāl], Lahore: حیدر پبلیکیشنز [ḥedr pblekīśnz, Haider Publications], →OCLC, page 135:

And the Chenab waters rise so much, that nothing beyond the limit can be visible

تاریخ دے کسے موڑ اُتے راوی تے جھناں دے وِچکار لے علاقے وِچ

2005, میر تنہا یوسفی [Mīr Tanhā Yūsufī], کالا چانن [Kālā cānaṇ], Lahore: Institute of Punjabi Language and Culture, →OCLC, page 25:

At some point in history, the areas between Ravi and Chenab


Federal Capital Territory

(historical) A former federal territory of Pakistan centred on the former capital Karachi; extant from 1949 to 1959.


Balutxistan

Balochistan (a historical region now divided between Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran)


بيشاور

ar-proper noun

بِيشَاوَر • (bīšāwar) m

بِيشَاوَر (canonical)
bīšāwar (romanization)

Peshawar (a city, the provincial capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan).


自由克什米爾

ㄗˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄕˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄦˇ

Цзыю Кэшимиэр

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siː²² jɐu̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵ sɐp̚² mɐi̯¹³ jiː¹³/

Calque of Urdu آزاد کشمیر (âzâd kaśmīr).

(Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore) Azad Kashmir (an administrative unit in Pakistan)


阿扎德克什米爾

ㄚ ㄓㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄕˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄦˇ

Ачжадэ Кэшимиэр

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Partial calque of Urdu آزاد کشمیر (âzâd kaśmīr), with 阿扎德 being a phono-semantic matching of Urdu آزاد (âzâd, “free”)

psm

(Mainland China) Azad Kashmir (an administrative unit in Pakistan)


السند

السِّنْد (canonical)
as-sind (romanization)

Borrowed from Persian سِند (send), itself from Sindhi سنڌ (sindh).

Indus (a river in the provinces of Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the administrative territory of Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, the union territory of Ladakh in India and the autonomous region of Tibet in China)


Bengala Oriental

(historical) East Bengal (a former province of Pakistan, now constituting the country of Bangladesh)


Синд

Sind (romanization)
Си́нда (genitive)
Си́нд (nominative singular)
Си́нда (genitive singular)
Си́нду (dative singular)
Си́нд (accusative singular)
Си́ндом (instrumental singular)
Си́нде (prepositional singular)

Sindh (One of the southern provinces of Pakistan, whose capital is Karachi, notably the area in which the Indus Valley Civilisation flourished)


Синд

Sind (romanization)
spelling سند (Persian)


Гилгит-Балтистон

head

Гилгит-Балтистон

گلگت-بلتستان

Гилгит-Балтистон • (Gilgit-Baltiston) (Persian spelling گلگت-بلتستان)

tg-proper noun

Гилгит-Балтистон

گلگت-بلتستان

Gilgit-Baltiston (romanization)
spelling گلگت-بلتستان (Persian)

Gilgit-Baltistan (an administrative territory of Pakistan, part of Pakistani-Administered Kashmir, as well as the wider Kashmir, region)


گلگت-بلتستان

head

گلگت-بلتستان

fa-proper noun

گلگت-بلتستان

[ɡɪl.ɡɪt̪.bäl̪.t̪ʰɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]

[ɡɪl.ɡɪt̪.bäl̪.t̪ʰɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]

[ɡɪl.ɡɪt̪.bäl̪.t̪ʰɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]


Кунар

Kunar (romanization)
spelling کنر (Persian)

Kunar (a river in Afghanistan and Pakistan)

Kunar (a valley in Afghanistan and Pakistan)


ਸਿੰਧ

pa-proper noun

ਸਿੰਧ • (sindh) m (Shahmukhi spelling سندھ)

Sindh (a province of Pakistan; capital: Karachi)


ਝਨਾਂ

ਝਨਾਂ • (jhanā̃) m (Shahmukhi spelling جَھناں)

jhanā̃ (romanization)
جَھناں (Shahmukhi)

/ˈt͡ʃə˨.nä̃ː˦/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā)
Punjabi ਝਨਾਂ (jhanā̃)
From Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā), from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).

etymon

Chenab (A river of Punjab in India and Pakistan)


مظفر آباد

ur-proper noun

مُظَفَّر آباد

मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद

مُظَفَّر آباد • (muz̤affar ābād) m (Hindi spelling मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद)

مُظَفَّر آباد (canonical)
muz̤affar ābād (romanization)
मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद (Hindi)

desc

مُظَفَّر أَبَاد

→ Arabic: مُظَفَّر أَبَاد (muẓaffar ʔabād)

→ English: Muzaffarabad

मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद

→ Hindi: मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद (muzaffarābād)

From مُظَفَّر (muz̤affar) + آباد (-ābād), named after Sultan Muzaffar Khan who founded the city.

Muzaffarabad (the capital city of the region of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan).


سنہہ

سِنّہہ (canonical feminine)
sinnh (romanization)

Inherited from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu). Compare Khowar [script needed] (sin) and Urdu سِنْدھ (sindh). Doublet of سِنْدھ (sindh).

Indus (a river in the provinces of Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the administrative territory of Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, the union territory of Ladakh in India and the autonomous region of Tibet in China).


دادو

دادُو (canonical)
dādū (romanization)
दादू (Hindi)

Named after Syed Dad Muhammad Shah Alias Dadu, the founder of the city.

Dadu (a city in Dadu district, Sindh, Pakistan)


Sadat

en-proper-noun

Sadat (countable and uncountable, plural Sadats)

Ultimately from Arabic سَادَات (sādāt), plural of سَيِّد (sayyid, “master; Sayyid”).

A placename
A number of places in Pakistan


آزاد جموں و کشمیر

ur-proper noun

آزاد جَمُّوں و کَشْمِیر

आज़ाद जम्मू-ओ-कश्मीर

آزاد جَمُّوں و کَشْمِیر • (āzād jammū̃-o-kaśmīr) m (Hindi spelling आज़ाद जम्मू-ओ-कश्मीर)

آزاد جَمُّوں و کَشْمِیر (canonical)
āzād jammū̃-o-kaśmīr (romanization)
आज़ाद जम्मू-ओ-कश्मीर (Hindi)

/ɑː.zɑːd̪ d͡ʒəm.mũː oː kəʃ.miːɾ/

LL-Q1617 (urd)-نعم البدل-آزاد جموں و کشمیر.wav

From آزاد (āzād, “free”) + جموں (jmõ, “Jammu”) + و (o, “and”) + کشمیر (“Kashmir”).

af

Azad Jammu and Kashmir (an autonomous territory of Pakistan; capital: Muzaffarabad)


گلگت بلتستان

ur-proper noun

گِلْگِت بَلْتِسْتان

गिलगित-बल्तिस्तान

گِلْگِت بَلْتِسْتان • (gilgit baltistān) m (Hindi spelling गिलगित-बल्तिस्तान)

گِلْگِت بَلْتِسْتان (canonical)
gilgit baltistān (romanization)
गिलगित-बल्तिस्तान (Hindi)

LL-Q1617 (urd)-نعم البدل-گلگت بلتستان.wav

From گلگت (“Gilgit”) + بلتستان (“Baltistan”), the latter borrowed from Classical Persian بلتستان (baltistân), equivalent to بلتی (“Balti people”) + ـستان (“-land”).

Gilgit-Baltistan (an autonomous territory of Pakistan; capital: Gilgit)


قراقرم

قَراقُرَم • (qarāquram) m (Hindi spelling क़राक़ुरम)

قَراقُرَم (canonical)
qarāquram (romanization)
क़राक़ुरम (Hindi)

Ultimately from a Turkic language. See Karakoram.

Karakoram (a mountain range located in the regions of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan and Ladakh, India).


ਪੋਠੋਹਾਰ

pa-proper noun

ਪੋਠੋਹਾਰ • (poṭhohār) m

/poːʈʰo.aː˥˩.ɾə̆/

Pothohar (A region of northwestern Punjab, located in northern Pakistan)


پېښور

پېښَوَر (canonical)
pex̌awar (romanization)

Corrupted from Classical Persian پرشاور (parašāwar), ultimately from Sanskrit पुरुषपुर (puruṣapura, “city of men”). Cognates Punjabi پِشَور (piśaur) and Urdu پشاور (piśāvar).

der

Peshawar (a city, the capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ

pa-proper noun

ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ • (kaśmīr) m (Shahmukhi spelling کشمیر)

Kashmir (A region of South Asia, currently divided between India, Pakistan, and China.)


کوئٹہ

ur-proper noun

کوئٹَہ • (ko'eṭa) m (Hindi spelling क्वेटा)

کوئٹَہ (canonical)
ko'eṭa (romanization)
क्वेटा (Hindi)

Supposedly from Pashto کولکوټ (kwalkōṭ).

Quetta (a city in Quetta district, Balochistan, Pakistan)


گوجرانوالہ

گوجْران٘وَالَہ

گوجْران٘وَالَہ • (gojrāṉvāla) m (Hindi spelling गुजरांवाला)

گوجْران٘وَالَہ (canonical)
gojrāṉvāla (romanization)
गुजरांवाला (Hindi)

/ɡʊd͡ʒ.ɾɑ̃ː.ʋɑː.lɑ(ː)/

From Punjabi گوجرانوالہ (gujranvālā), named after the Gujjars.


سرگودھا

سَرْگودھا • (sargodhā) m (Hindi spelling सरगोधा)

سَرْگودھا (canonical)
sargodhā (romanization)
सरगोधा (Hindi)

/səɾ.ɡoː.d̪ʱɑː/

From Punjabi سرگودھا (sargodhā), from ਸਰ (sar, “pond, pool”) + ਗੋਧਾ (godhā, “a Hindu faqir”).

com

Sargodha (a city in Sargodha district, Punjab, Pakistan)


ملتان

ur-proper noun

مُلْتان • (multān) m (Hindi spelling मुल्तान)

مُلْتان (canonical)
multān (romanization)
मुल्तान (Hindi)

From Saraiki ملتان (multān), perhaps from Sanskrit मुलस्थान (mulasthāna), from मुल (mula, “an ancient Hindu tribe”) + स्थान (sthāna).

compound

Multan (a city in Multan district, Punjab, Pakistan)


فیصل آباد

pa-proper noun

فَیصَل آباد • (faisalābād) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਫ਼ੈਸਲਾਬਾਦ)

فَیصَل آباد (canonical)
faisalābād (romanization)
ਫ਼ੈਸਲਾਬਾਦ (Gurmukhi)

From فیصل (faisal) + ـآباد (-ābād). Named after Saudi monarch Faisal of Saudi Arabia.

named-after

Faisalabad (a city in Faisalabad district, Punjab, Pakistan). It is the third largest city in Pakistan and the second largest in Punjab.


فیصل آباد

ur-proper noun

فَیصَل آباد • (faislābād) ? (Hindi spelling फ़ैसलाबाद)

فَیصَل آباد (canonical)
faislābād (romanization)
फ़ैसलाबाद (Hindi)

Faisalabad (a city in Faisalabad district, Punjab, Pakistan). It is the third largest city in Pakistan.


لاڑکانہ

لاڑْکانَہ • (lāṛkāna) m (Hindi spelling लाड़काना)

لاڑْکانَہ (canonical)
lāṛkāna (romanization)
लाड़काना (Hindi)

cog

Sindhi لاڙڪاڻو (lāṛkāṇo)

Larkana (a city in Larkana district, Sindh, Pakistan)


سکھر

ur-proper noun

سَکَّھرْ • (sakkhar) m (Hindi spelling सख्खर)

سَکَّھرْ (canonical)
sakkhar (romanization)
सख्खर (Hindi)

Either from Arabic شكر (sugar) or Sindhi سوک (sūkh) (comfort)

Sukkur (a city in Sukkur district, Sindh, Pakistan)


شيخوپورہ

شیخُوپُورَہ • (śexūpūra) m (Hindi spelling शेख़ूपुरा)

شیخُوپُورَہ (canonical)
śexūpūra (romanization)
शेख़ूपुरा (Hindi)

شے‧خُو‧پُو‧رہ

From شیخو (śexo, “nickname of Jahangir”) + پورہ.

com

Sheikhupura (a city in Sheikhupura district, Punjab, Pakistan)


نوابشاہ

ur-proper noun

نَوابْشاہ • (navābśāh) m (Hindi spelling नवाबशाह)

نَوابْشاہ (canonical)
navābśāh (romanization)
नवाबशाह (Hindi)

/nə.ʋɑːb.ʃɑːɦ/

Named after Syed Nawab Shah (1843–1901).

Nawabshah (a city in Shaheed Benazirabad district, Sindh, Pakistan)


مینگورہ

مِین٘گورَہ • (mīṅgora) m (Hindi spelling मींगोरा)

مِین٘گورَہ (canonical)
mīṅgora (romanization)
मींगोरा (Hindi)

Mingora (a city in Swat district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


اوکاڑہ

اوکاڑَہ • (okāṛa) m (Hindi spelling ओकाड़ा)

اوکاڑَہ (canonical)
okāṛa (romanization)
ओकाड़ा (Hindi)

From Punjabi اوکان (okān), a type of tree.

Okara (a city in Okara district, Punjab, Pakistan)


رحیم یار خان

رَحِیم یار خان

रहीम यार ख़ान

رَحِیم یار خان • (rahīm yār xān) m (Hindi spelling रहीम यार ख़ान)

رَحِیم یار خان (canonical)
rahīm yār xān (romanization)
रहीम यार ख़ान (Hindi)

/ɾə.ɦiːm jɑːɾ xɑːn/

رَ‧حیم‧یار‧خان

Rahim Yar Khan (a city in Rahim Yar Khan district, Punjab, Pakistan)


تلہ گنگ

تَلَہ گَنْگ • (tala gaṅg) m (Hindi spelling तला गंग)

تَلَہ گَنْگ (canonical)
tala gaṅg (romanization)
तला गंग (Hindi)

/t̪ə.ləɦ ɡəŋɡ/

From Punjabi تلہ گنگ (tala gaṅg), named after the Hindus known as "Gangs" and due to it being below ground level, it was known as "talah".

Talagang (a city in Talagang district, Punjab, Pakistan)


سیالکوٹ

سِیالْکوٹ • (siyālkoṭ) m (Hindi spelling सियालकोट)

سِیالْکوٹ (canonical)
siyālkoṭ (romanization)
सियालकोट (Hindi)

Inherited from Sanskrit शकल (śakala) + Sanskrit कोट (koṭa, “fort”).

Sialkot (a city in Sialkot district, Punjab, Pakistan)


ساہیوال

ساہِیوَال • (sāhīvāl) m (Hindi spelling साहीवाल)

ساہِیوَال (canonical)
sāhīvāl (romanization)
साहीवाल (Hindi)

/sɑː.ɦiː.ʋɑːl/

Sahiwal (a city in Sahiwal district, Punjab, Pakistan)


واہ

From Classical Persian واه (wāh), from Arabic.

Wah (a city in Rawalpindi district, Punjab, Pakistan)


چنیوٹ

چِنِیوٹ • (ciniyoṭ) m (Hindi spelling चिनियोट)

چِنِیوٹ (canonical)
ciniyoṭ (romanization)
चिनियोट (Hindi)

Named after an ancient king's daughter named Chandan + Sanskrit कोट (koṭa, “fort”).

Chiniot (a city in Chiniot district, Punjab, Pakistan)


کوٹری

کوٹْری • (koṭrī) m (Hindi spelling कोटड़ी)

کوٹْری (canonical)
koṭrī (romanization)
कोटड़ी (Hindi)

From Sindhi ڪوٽڙي (koṭṛī), Ultimately from Sanskrit कोट (koṭa).

Kotri (a city in Jamshoro district, Sindh, Pakistan)


کامونکے

کامون٘کے • (kāmõke) m (Hindi spelling कामोंके)

کامون٘کے (canonical)
kāmõke (romanization)
कामोंके (Hindi)

Kamoke (a city in Gujranwala district, Punjab, Pakistan)


حافظ آباد

حافِظ آباد • (hāfiz-ābād) m (Hindi spelling हाफ़िज़ाबाद)

حافِظ آباد (canonical)
hāfiz-ābād (romanization)
हाफ़िज़ाबाद (Hindi)

/ɦɑː.fɪ.zɑː.bɑːd̪/

suffix

حافظ (hāfiz) + ـآباد (-ābād)


بہاولپور

ur-proper noun

بَہاوَلْپُور

بَہاوَلْپُور • (bahāvalpūr) m (Hindi spelling बहावलपुर)

بَہاوَلْپُور (canonical)
bahāvalpūr (romanization)
बहावलपुर (Hindi)

بَ‧ہا‧وَل‧پور

From بہاول (bahāval, “Nawab Mohammad Bahawal Khan II”) + پور (pūr).

compound

Bahawalpur (a city in Bahawalpur district, Punjab, Pakistan)


ڈیرہ غازی خان

ur-proper noun

ڈیرَہ غازی خان

ڈیرَہ غازی خان • (ḍerah ğāzī xān) m (Hindi spelling डेरा ग़ाज़ी ख़ान)

ڈیرَہ غازی خان (canonical)
ḍerah ğāzī xān (romanization)
डेरा ग़ाज़ी ख़ान (Hindi)

/ɖeː.ɾɑː ɣɑː.ziː xɑːn/

ڈیرہ‧غازی‧خان

From Urdu ڈیرہ (“tent”) and named after Ghazi Khan.

Dera Ghazi Khan (a city in Dera Ghazi Khan district, Punjab, Pakistan)


بورے والا

بُورے والا • (būrē wālā) m (Hindi spelling बूरे वाला)

بُورے والا (canonical)
būrē wālā (romanization)
बूरे वाला (Hindi)

/buː.ɾɛː ʋɑː.lɑː/

بُو‧رے‧وا‧لا

Burewala (a city in Vehari district, Punjab, Pakistan)

ur:بورا سنگھ


میرپور خاص

مِیرْپُور خاص

مِیرْپُور خاص • (mīrpūr xās) m (Hindi spelling मीरपुर ख़ास)

مِیرْپُور خاص (canonical)
mīrpūr xās (romanization)
मीरपुर ख़ास (Hindi)

From میر (mer, “Mir (title) of Khairpur (princely state)”, the ruler of the Talpur dynasty) + پور (por) + خاص (xās).

com

Mirpur Khas (a city in Mirpur Khas district, Sindh, Pakistan)


صادق آباد

ur-proper noun

صادِق آباد • (sādiq ābād) m (Hindi spelling सादिक़ाबाद)

صادِق آباد (canonical)
sādiq ābād (romanization)
सादिक़ाबाद (Hindi)

صا‧دِق‧آ‧باد

From صادِق (sādiq, “Sadeq Mohammad Khan V”) + آباد (ābād).

af

Sadiqabad (a city in Rahim Yar Khan district, Punjab, Pakistan)


ڈیرہ اسماعیل خان

ur-proper noun

ڈیرَہ اِسْماعِیل خان

ڈیرَہ اِسْماعِیل خان • (ḍerā ismāʿīl xān) m (Hindi spelling डेरा इस्माईल ख़ान)

ڈیرَہ اِسْماعِیل خان (canonical)
ḍerā ismāʿīl xān (romanization)
डेरा इस्माईल ख़ान (Hindi)

ڈے‧رہ‧اِس‧ما‧عِیل‧خان

From Urdu ڈیرہ (“tent”) and named after Baloch mercenary Ismail Khan.

Dera Ismail Khan
Dera Ismail Khan#English

Dera Ismail Khan (a city in Dera Ismail Khan district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


کوہاٹ

کوہاٹ • (kohāṭ) m (Hindi spelling कोहाट)

Kohat (a city in Kohat district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


خانیوال

خانیوَال • (xānevāl) m (Hindi spelling ख़ानेवाल)

خانیوَال (canonical)
xānevāl (romanization)
ख़ानेवाल (Hindi)

Named after Sangar Khan, who built a castle in the area.

Khanewal (a city in Khanewal district, Punjab, Pakistan)


تربت

تُرْبَت • (turbat) m (Hindi spelling तुर्बत)

تُرْبَت (canonical)
turbat (romanization)
तुर्बत (Hindi)

Turbat (a city in Kech district, Balochistan, Pakistan)


شکارپور

شِکارْپُور • (śikārpūr) m (Hindi spelling शिकारपुर)

شِکارْپُور (canonical)
śikārpūr (romanization)
शिकारपुर (Hindi)

/ʃɪ.kɑːɾ.puːɾ/

Corrupted from شَکارِپور (śakāripor), "the town founded by the vanquisher of the Shakas", a name given by the Scythians.

Shikarpur (a city in Shikarpur district, Sindh, Pakistan)


خضدار

خُضْدَار • (xuzdār) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुज़दार)

خُضْدَار (canonical)
xuzdār (romanization)
ख़ुज़दार (Hindi)

Khuzdar (a city in Khuzdar district, Balochistan, Pakistan)


خانپور

خانْپُور • (xānpūr) m (Hindi spelling ख़ानपुर)

خانْپُور (canonical)
xānpūr (romanization)
ख़ानपुर (Hindi)

Khanpur (a city in Rahim Yar Khan district, Punjab, Pakistan)


خيرپور

خیرْپُور • (xairpūr) m (Hindi spelling ख़ैरपूर)

خیرْپُور (canonical)
xairpūr (romanization)
ख़ैरपूर (Hindi)

Khairpur (a city in Khairpur district, Sindh, Pakistan)


جہلم

جِہْلَم • (jihlam) m (Hindi spelling झेलम)

جِہْلَم (canonical)
jihlam (romanization)
झेलम (Hindi)

Jhelum (a city in Jhelum district, province of Punjab, Pakistan)

Jhelum (a river in the Punjab of Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India)


پاکپتن

پاکْپَتّن • (pākpattan) m (Hindi spelling पाकपत्तन)

پاکْپَتّن (canonical)
pākpattan (romanization)
पाकपत्तन (Hindi)

پاک (pāk) + پتن

com

پاک (pāk) + پتن

Pakpattan (a city in Pakpattan district, Punjab, Pakistan)


ڈسکہ

ur-proper noun

ڈَسْکَہ • (ḍaskah) m (Hindi spelling डस्का)

ڈَسْکَہ (canonical)
ḍaskah (romanization)
डस्का (Hindi)

From Urdu دس (“ten”) +Urdu کہ (“koh, a Mughal unit of measurement”).

m+

Daska (a city in Sialkot district, Punjab, Pakistan)


منڈی بہاؤالدین

ur-proper noun

مَنْڈی بَہاؤُالدِین

مَنْڈی بَہاؤُالدِین • (manḍī bahāowuddīn) m (Hindi spelling मंडी बहाऊअलदीन)

مَنْڈی بَہاؤُالدِین (canonical)
manḍī bahāowuddīn (romanization)
मंडी बहाऊअलदीन (Hindi)

من‧ڈی‧بَ‧ہا‧وُد‧دِین

From Urdu منڈی (“market”), and named after Bahauddin, a Sufi saint.

Mandi Bahauddin (a city in Mandi Bahauddin district, Punjab, Pakistan)


مظفر گڑھ

مُظَفّر گَڑْھ

मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़

مُظَفّر گَڑْھ • (muzaffargaṛh) m (Hindi spelling मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़)

مُظَفّر گَڑْھ (canonical)
muzaffargaṛh (romanization)
मुज़फ़्फ़रगढ़ (Hindi)

مُ‧ظَف‧فر‧گڑھ

Muzaffargarh (a city in Muzaffargarh district, Punjab, Pakistan)


جیکب آباد

جیکْبَ آباد • (jaikbābād) m (Hindi spelling जैकबाबाद)

جیکْبَ آباد (canonical)
jaikbābād (romanization)
जैकबाबाद (Hindi)

/d͡ʒɛːk.bɑː.bɑːd̪/

From جیکب (“John Jacob (East India Company officer)”) + آباد (ābād, “placename suffix”).

af

Jacobabad (a city in Jacobabad district, Sindh, Pakistan)


گوجرہ

ur-proper noun

گوجْرَہ • (gojrah) m (Hindi spelling गोज्रा)

گوجْرَہ (canonical)
gojrah (romanization)
गोज्रा (Hindi)

/ɡoːd͡ʒ.ɾɑːɦ/

Gojra (a city in Toba Tek Singh district, Punjab, Pakistan)


مریدکے

مُرِیدْکے • (murīdke) m (Hindi spelling मुरीदके)

مُرِیدْکے (canonical)
murīdke (romanization)
मुरीदके (Hindi)

Murdike (a city in Sheikhupura district, Punjab, Pakistan)


بہاولنگر

بَہاوَلْنَگَر

بَہاوَلْنَگَر • (bahāvalnagar) m (Hindi spelling बहावलनगर)

بَہاوَلْنَگَر (canonical)
bahāvalnagar (romanization)
बहावलनगर (Hindi)

/bə.ɦɑː.ʋəl.nə.ɡəɾ/

بَ‧ہا‧ول‧نَ‧گر

From بہاول (bhāol, “Bahawal Khan V”) + نگر.

Bahawalnagar (a city in Bahawalnagar district, Punjab, Pakistan)


چشتیاں

چِشْتِیاں • (ciśtiyā̃) m (Hindi spelling चिश्तियाँ)

چِشْتِیاں (canonical)
ciśtiyā̃ (romanization)
चिश्तियाँ (Hindi)

/t͡ʃɪʃ.t̪ɪ.jɑ̃ː/

Chishtian (a city in Bahawalnagar district, Punjab, Pakistan)


وہاڑی

وِہاڑی • (vihāṛī) m (Hindi spelling विहाड़ी)

وِہاڑی (canonical)
vihāṛī (romanization)
विहाड़ी (Hindi)

/ʋɪ.ɦɑː.ɽiː/

From Saraiki ویہا (vīhā), (flowing water).

Vehari (a city in Vehari district, Punjab, Pakistan)


سمندری

سَمُندْری • (samundrī) m (Hindi spelling समुंदरी)

سَمُندْری (canonical)
samundrī (romanization)
समुंदरी (Hindi)

From Persian سه (seh) (three) + Sanskrit मन्दिर (mandira) (temple).

Samundri (a city in Faisalabad district, Punjab, Pakistan)


ٹنڈو الہ یار

ٹَنْڈو اَلَہ یار

ٹَنْڈو اَلَہ یار • (ṭanḍō alah yār) m (Hindi spelling टंडो अला यअर)

ٹَنْڈو اَلَہ یار (canonical)
ṭanḍō alah yār (romanization)
टंडो अला यअर (Hindi)

/ʈən.ɖoː ə.ləɦ jɑːɾ/

ٹن‧ڈو‧الہ‧یار

From Sindhi ٽنڊوالهيار (ṭanḍōalahyār), named after Mir Allahyar Talpur + Baluchi ٹنڈو (ṭanḍō) (cantonment).

Tando Allahyar (a city in Tando Allahyar district, Sindh, Pakistan)


ٹنڈو آدم

ٹَنْڈو آدَم • (ṭanḍō ādam) m (Hindi spelling टंडो आदम)

ٹَنْڈو آدَم (canonical)
ṭanḍō ādam (romanization)
टंडो आदम (Hindi)

/ʈən.ɖoː ɑː.d̪əm/

From Sindhi ٽنڊو آدم (ṭanḍō ādam), named after Mir Adam Khan Mari + Baluchi ٹنڈو (ṭanḍō) (cantonment).

Tando Adam (a city in Sanghar district, Sindh, Pakistan)


ਕਰਾਚੀ

pa-proper noun

ਕਰਾਚੀ • (karācī) m (Shahmukhi spelling کراچی)

Supposedly from Sindhi کولاچی (kōlāčī), named after Mai Kolachi.

bor

Sindhi کولاچی (kōlāčī)

Karachi (a city, the provincial capital of Sindh, Pakistan)


ਬਲੋਚਿਸਤਾਨ

pa-proper noun

ਬਲੋਚਿਸਤਾਨ • (balocistān) m (Shahmukhi spelling بلوچستان)

balocistān (romanization)
بلوچستان (Shahmukhi)

Balochistan (a province of Pakistan; capital: Quetta).


جڑانوالہ

ur-proper noun

جَڑانْوَالَہ

جَڑانْوَالَہ • (jaṛānvālā) m (Hindi spelling जड़ानवाला)

جَڑانْوَالَہ (canonical)
jaṛānvālā (romanization)
जड़ानवाला (Hindi)

/d͡ʒə.ɽɑːn.ʋɑː.lɑː/

جڑ‧اَن‧وا‧لہ

From Punjabi جڑان (jaṛān) (roots) + Punjabi والہ (vālah) (place).

Jaranwala (a city in Faisalabad district, Punjab, Pakistan)


مانسہرہ

مانْسَہْرَہ • (mānsahra) m (Hindi spelling मानसहरा)

مانْسَہْرَہ (canonical)
mānsahra (romanization)
मानसहरा (Hindi)

Mansehra (a city in Mansehra district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


صوابی

صْوَابی • (svābī) m (Hindi spelling स्वाबी)

صْوَابی (canonical)
svābī (romanization)
स्वाबी (Hindi)

Swabi (a city in Swabi district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


کمالیہ

کَمالِیَہ • (kamāliyā) m (Hindi spelling कमालिया)

کَمالِیَہ (canonical)
kamāliyā (romanization)
कमालिया (Hindi)

Kamalia (a city in Toba Tek Singh district, Punjab, Pakistan)


فیروزوالہ

فِیروزوَالَہ

فِیروزوَالَہ • (ferozvāla) m (Hindi spelling फ़ीरोज़वाला)

فِیروزوَالَہ (canonical)
ferozvāla (romanization)
फ़ीरोज़वाला (Hindi)

فے‧روز‧وا‧لہ

Ferozewala (a city in Sheikhupura district, Punjab, Pakistan)