Hanover

From German Hannover, meaning "on the higher ridge", from Middle Low German hoch (“high”) (from Old Saxon hōh) + over (“edge, shore”).


New Holland

(sense 1) Coined in 1644 by Dutch explorer Abel Tasman as Nieuw Holland.
(sense 2) Uncertain, Parts of Holland was in the south of Lincolnshire.

A settlement in Saint Elizabeth, Jamaica.


Newcastle

[ˈnjʉˌkʰɑːsɫ̩]

From new + castle. Doublet of Neuchâtel.

A settlement in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica.


Newcastle

Unadapted borrowing from English Newcastle.

ubor

Newcastle (a settlement in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica)


Bristol

→⇒ Latin: bristoliensis

Inherited from Middle English Brigstow, from Old English Bryċġstōw (literally “the place by the bridge”), from bryċġ + -stōw, with additional final /l/ due to hypercorrection from l-vocalizing accents. See bridge and stow for more.
The tiddlywinks sense is associated with players from Bristol University.

inh

Bristole (alternative obsolete)
Brigstow (alternative obsolete)
Bristou (alternative obsolete)
Bristow (alternative obsolete)
Brizzle (alternative informal)

A populated place in Cornwall County, Jamaica.


Aberdeen

Aberdeen
Aberdeen (disambiguation)
Old Aberdeen

The first element is either Scottish Gaelic aber (“river mouth”) or Pictish aber (“confluence”), both from Proto-Celtic *abū (“river”). The second element is Don (“river in Scotland”) (the site of Old Aberdeen). Written Aberdon circa 1187 and Aberden circa 1214.
The area and town in Hong Kong is named after George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen.

named-after

A settlement in Saint Elizabeth parish, Jamaica.


Cornwall

From Middle English Cornwaile, Cornwayle, a modification of Cornwale (after Old French Cornuaille), from Old English Cornwēalas (“Cornwall, inhabitants of Cornwall”), from Proto-Celtic *kornu (“horn”) + Old English wealh (“stranger, foreigner”). Compare Wales/Welsh, Walloon, Gaul.

inh

The westernmost of the three historical counties of Jamaica, bordered by the county of Middlesex in the east; named for the English county.


Middlesex

From Old English Middelseaxan (literally “Middle Saxons”), which stood for both Middlesex and its people.

The central of the three historical counties of Jamaica, bordered by the counties of Cornwall in the west and Surrey in the east; named for the English county.


Surrey

From Old English Sūþrigē, Sūþrigēa (“southern region”), from sūþerne (“southern”) + -gē (“district, region”).

compound

The easternmost of the three historical counties of Jamaica, bordered by the county of Middlesex in the west; named after the English county.


Manchester

→ Finnish: Manse

From Old English Mameċeaster. The first element may be from a word related to Breton mamm (“mother; female animal; womb”), in reference to a breast-shaped hill.
The second part is known to be from Old English ceaster, from Latin castra (“camp”).


Richmond

From Middle English Rychemund, from a name cognate to French Richemont (“town in Normandy”). Equivalent to rich + mound.

A common place name (Richmonds on Wikipedia):

A market town in Saint Mary parish, Jamaica.


Bath

From Middle English Bathe, from Old English Baþan, from the dative case of bæþ.

A town and mineral spring in Saint Thomas parish, Jamaica; named for the city in England.


Reading

From Old English Rēadingas, the name of a tribe or clan of early Anglo-Saxon England whose capital was at Reading. Not related to reading.

A small town in Saint James parish, Jamaica.


Kingston

In the case of settlements outside England, from king's + -ton (“town”), in reference to monarchs of the British Empire. In the case of settlements within England, a development from earlier Old English Cinges tūn or Cynges tūn (“king's town or manor”), in reference to various monarchs. Sometimes derived from other places already named Kingston or, particularly in America, from people with the surname King. Doublet of Kingstown, Kingstone, Conington, and Cunnington. Cf. also Kingsville, Kingsburg, Conisbrough, Coniston, Coniston Cold, Queenstown, Queenston, Princeton, Princetown, and Princes Town.
In particular, the community founded in New Brunswick in 1783 in the aftermath of the American Revolution may have been named as a sign of loyalty to George III; its parish was named for the community. The village in Nova Scotia was named for its district (Kings County) and the unrealized hope that it would become a town. The surname is derived from the various locations named Kingston.

doublet

The capital and largest city of Jamaica; it is also the capital of its eponymous parish.

A parish of Jamaica; named for the city which it comprises the inner part of.


Kingston

cs-proper noun

Kingston m inan (relational adjective kingstonský)

kingstonský (adjective relational)
Kingston (nominative singular)
Kingstonu (genitive singular)
Kingstonu (dative singular)
Kingston (accusative singular)
Kingstone (singular vocative)
Kingstonu (locative singular)
Kingstonem (instrumental singular)


Kingston

Kingston (nominative singular)
Kingstonu (genitive singular)
Kingstonowi (dative singular)
Kingston (accusative singular)
Kingstonem (instrumental singular)
Kingstonie (locative singular)
Kingstonie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Kingston, from Old English Cinges tūn.


Kingston

sk-proper noun

Kingston m inan (genitive singular Kingstonu)


Canterbury

From Middle English Caunterbury, Canterburi, from Old English Cantwara burg.


Falmouth

In Cornwall, from Fal + mouth, at the mouth of the River Fal.

My son says that this telephone can even allow you to chat with someone in another district—that you may be in Falmouth, yet your talk may be raising the eyebrows of someone in Kingston.

2010, Andrea Levy, The Long Song, Tinder Press (2017), page 102:

A town, the parish capital of Trelawny parish, Jamaica; named for the harbour town in Cornwall, England.


Shrewsbury

/ˈʃɹoʊzbəɹi/

From Old English Sċrobbesburh (literally “fort in the scrubland region”), from *sċrob (“shrub, scrub”) + burh. Compare Shropshire from Sċrobbesċīr, short form of Sċrobbesbyriġ sċīr (literally “shire of Shrewsbury”).


Waterford

From water + ford. In the case of the city in Ireland, this is a modification through folk etymology of Old Norse Veðrafjǫrðr (literally “wether ford”).
The civil parish in New Brunswick may have been named after Waterford, Ireland.


Santa Cruz

From Spanish and Portuguese Santa Cruz (“Holy Cross”), various places named in honor of the True Cross upon which Jesus was crucified. Doublet of Holy Cross and Saint Croix.

A town in Saint Elizabeth parish, Jamaica.


Քինգստոն

head

Քինգստոն • (Kʻingston)

hy-proper noun

Քինգստոն • (Kʻingston)

Kʻingston (romanization)
Քինգստոն (nominative singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնի (dative singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնից (ablative singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնում (locative singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քինգստոնումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Քինգստոնը / Քինգստոնն

Քինգստոնները / Քինգստոններն

Քինգստոնների

Քինգստոններին

Քինգստոններից

Քինգստոններով

Քինգստոններում

Քինգստոններս

Քինգստոններիս

Քինգստոններիցս

Քինգստոններովս

Քինգստոնումս

Քինգստոններումս

Քինգստոններդ

Քինգստոններիդ

Քինգստոններիցդ

Քինգստոններովդ

Քինգստոնումդ

Քինգստոններումդ


Clarendon

en-proper noun

Clarendon (countable and uncountable, plural Clarendons)

Earl of Clarendon
George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon

The Wiltshire place-name may come from Old English *Claringa dūn, the hill associated with Clare (a personal name).
The parish in New Brunswick was named after a settlement, named in turn after British politician George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon (1800 - 1870).
The typeface was named after the Clarendon Press, which was named after the Earl of Clarendon (a former chancellor of Oxford University).


Stonehenge

London
Pewsey
Stonehenge
Stonehenge (disambiguation)

Inherited from Middle English Stonhenge, from ston (“stone”) + henge (“hinge”) or hengen ("hanging", but only attested as "imprisonment"). More at Stonehenge on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
The failure of /ɛnd͡ʒ/ to regularly raise to /ɪnd͡ʒ/, as in hinge, singe < Middle English henge, sengen, is probably due to the influence of the local dialect; compare the forms /ɛnd͡ʒ/, /sɛnd͡ʒ/ "hinge, singe" attested for the early 20th-century dialect of Pewsey, Wiltshire, approximately 18.5 kilometres (11.5 miles) from Stonehenge.

A number of localities elsewhere:
A town in Saint James parish, Jamaica.


Wakefield

A number of places elsewhere:
A settlement in Jamaica.


Kintyre

From Scottish Gaelic Cinn Tìre (literally “headland”).

der

A neighbourhood of Saint Andrew parish, Jamaica.


Lucea

parish of Hanover
parish of Hanover#English

A coastal town, the parish capital of the parish of Hanover, Jamaica.


Granville

The commune of France is from Old French Granville, Grandvilla, Grande Villa, Grandivilla, from grant (“grand”) + ville (“settlement”). The surname is of Norman baronial origin, from Grainville, a former commune in Normandy, from the given name Guarin + ville, meaning “Guarin's town”. Guarin ultimately derives from Proto-Germanic *warduz (“guard”).

A number of places in various countries:

A village in Saint James parish, Jamaica; named for English abolitionist Granville Sharp.


Montpelier

A village in Saint James parish, Jamaica.


Montego Bay

A city, the parish capital of Saint James parish, Jamaica.


Spanish Town

/ˈspæn.ɪʃ ˈtäʊ̯n/

A town, the parish capital of Saint Catherine parish, Jamaica.


Κίνγκστον

head

Κίνγκστον • (Kíngkston)


Salt River

In US politics, after the Salt River in Kentucky. Various explanations exist.

A number of rivers and settlements in various countries:


Hayes

en-proper noun

Hayes (countable and uncountable, plural Hayeses)

*As an English locational surname, from Old English hæs (“brushwood”) (see hris) and Middle English hay (“enclosure”), heye.
*As an Irish surname, from Ó hAodha (“descendant of Aodh”).


Balaclava

From Balaklava or the Battle of Balaclava.

A town in St. Elizabeth parish, Jamaica.


Кингстон

mk-proper noun

ки́нгстонски

Ки́нгстон • (Kíngston) m (relational adjective ки́нгстонски)

Ки́нгстон (canonical)
Kíngston (romanization)
ки́нгстонски (adjective relational)


Кингстон

ru-proper noun+

Ки́нгстон • (Kíngston) m inan (genitive Ки́нгстона)

Ки́нгстон (canonical)
Kíngston (romanization)
Ки́нгстона (genitive)
Ки́нгстон (nominative singular)
Ки́нгстона (genitive singular)
Ки́нгстону (dative singular)
Ки́нгстон (accusative singular)
Ки́нгстоном (instrumental singular)
Ки́нгстоне (prepositional singular)


Hodges

en-proper noun

Hodges (countable and uncountable, plural Hodgeses)

From Hodge, from the given name Roger + patronymic suffix -s.

A hamlet in Saint Elizabeth parish, Jamaica.


キングストン

[kʲĩŋɡɯ̟sɨtõ̞ɴ]


Broughton

Broughton (countable and uncountable, plural Broughtons)

From Old English beorg (“mountain, hill”) or brōc (“brook, stream, torrent”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).

A village in Westmoreland parish, Jamaica.


Hatfield

Hatfield (countable and uncountable, plural Hatfields)

Hatfields (plural)
Hetfield (alternative)


Westmoreland

In Westmoreland, where the sensi come from / Me put it in a crocus barrel, upon the mini van

1985, Wayne Smith, “Under Me Sleng Teng”:

Peggy and Cornet took one look at this woebegone place, packed up their cart, said their farewells, and rode off to Westmoreland.

2010, Andrea Levy, The Long Song, Tinder Press (2017), page 336:


Cascade

A settlement in Hanover parish, Jamaica.


킹스턴

[cçiŋsʰɯtʰʌ̹n]


京斯敦

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

(chiefly Taiwan) Kingston (a city, the capital city of Jamaica)


金斯敦

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

Borrowed from English Kingston or Kingstown.


Kettering

Kettering (countable and uncountable, plural Ketterings)

A former Free Village in Trelawny parish, Jamaica, now part of Duncans.


Petersfield

A small town in Westmoreland parish, Jamaica.


Malvern

From Old English Malferna, from an Old Welsh form equivalent to Modern Welsh moelfryn (“bald hill”).

A village in Saint Elizabeth parish, Jamaica.


Middlesex County

All are presumably named after the former county of Middlesex in England.

County of Middlesex (alternative)
Middlesex Co. (alternative)


Mandeville

Mandeville (countable and uncountable, plural Mandevilles)

A town, the parish capital of Manchester parish, Jamaica.


Hopewell

Hopewell (countable and uncountable, plural Hopewells)

Ultimately from hope + well.
The civil parish in New Brunswick may have been named after Hopewell, Pennsylvania.

A settlement in Clarendon parish, Jamaica.

A settlement in Manchester parish, Jamaica.

A settlement in St. Andrew parish, Jamaica.

A settlement in St. Ann parish, Jamaica.

A settlement in St. Elizabeth parish, Jamaica.

A settlement in Westmoreland parish, Jamaica.


Highgate

en-prop

Highgate (countable and uncountable, plural Highgates)

Highgates (plural)
Heygate (alternative)

From Old English hēah (“high”) + ġeat (“gate”).

A settlement on the north coast of Jamaica.


藍山

/län³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/län³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

藍山咖啡

蓝山咖啡

Blue Mountains
w:Blue Mountains (Jamaica)

Blue Mountains (a mountain range in Jamaica)


Seaforth

Seaforth (countable and uncountable, plural Seaforths)


Little London

A community in Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica.


Port Royal

From port + royal.
* (Jamaica): Calque of Spanish Puerto Real
* (Annapolis, South Carolina): Calque of French Port-Royal
* (Virginia): From the name of a local landowning family, the Roy family.


Port Royal

Port Royal (a town in Jamaica); alternative form of Puerto Real


Port-Royal

English: Port Royal

From port + royal.
* (Jamaica): Calque of Spanish Puerto Real

Port Royal (the former capital city of Jamaica)


Puerto Real

English: Port Royal

French: Port-Royal


Accompong

Borrowed from Jamaican Creole Accompong, from Akan Acheampong.


Port Antonio

A town, the parish capital of Portland parish, Jamaica.


Saint James

Saint James (countable and uncountable, plural Saint Jameses)

Saint Jameses (plural)
Saint-James (alternative)
St James (alternative)
St-James (alternative)
St. James (alternative)
St.-James (alternative)

The parishes are named after Saint James. Piecewise doublet of Santiago.


Saint Ann

Ellipsis of Saint Ann Parish. Named after Saint Ann's Bay, which was in turn named after Lady Anne Hyde, first wife of James II and VII, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; and using the saintly terminology of the preceding Spanish name of the settlement and bay of Spanish Santa Gloria.

St. Ann (alternative)
St Ann (alternative)
St.-Ann (alternative)
St-Ann (alternative)
Saint-Ann (alternative)

Saint Ann Parish
Saint Ann Parish#English

Middlesex County
Middlesex County#English

Ellipsis of Saint Ann Parish: a parish of Middlesex County, Jamaica.


Saint Andrew

From saint + Andrew. From being the apostle Andrew.

St. Andrew (alternative)
St Andrew (alternative)
Saint-Andrew (alternative)
St.-Andrew (alternative)
St-Andrew (alternative)


Saint Thomas

The island in the United States Virgin Islands is named after Saint Thomas the Apostle.


Rio Minho

The longest river in Jamaica; it is 57.7 miles long.


Half Way Tree

A neighborhood of Kingston, Jamaica generally considered as the city's central hub; it is also the parish capital of St. Andrew parish.


May Pen

In Jamaica, originally May's Pen, named after the Reverend William May, and an animal pen.

A town, the largest in Clarendon parish, Middlesex County, Jamaica.


Black River

One of the longest rivers in Jamaica; it is 33.2 miles long.

A town located at the mouth of the Black River, the parish capital of Saint Elizabeth parish, Jamaica.


Savanna-la-Mar

From Spanish Sabana-de-la-Mar (literally “Plain by the Sea”), the name given to the locale by Spanish colonists in reference to its geography.

bor

parish of Westmoreland
parish of Westmoreland#English

A town, the parish capital of the parish of Westmoreland, Jamaica.


Saint Ann's Bay

Named after Lady Anne Hyde, first wife of James II and VII, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; and using the saintly terminology of the preceding Spanish name of the bay Spanish Santa Gloria. The town is named after the bay.

St. Ann's Bay (alternative)
St Ann's Bay (alternative)

A town, the parish capital of Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica.


Port Maria

Saint Mary Parish
Saint Mary Parish#English

A town, the parish capital of Saint Mary Parish, Jamaica.


Morant Bay

A town, the parish capital of St. Thomas parish, Jamaica.


Hagley Gap

A farming village in St. Thomas parish, Jamaica.


Saint Ann Parish

Blend of Saint Ann's Bay + parish. From being the parish-sized political division which contains Saint Ann's Bay. Which was in turn named after Lady Anne Hyde, first wife of James II and VII, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; and using the saintly terminology of the preceding Spanish name of the bay of Spanish Santa Gloria.

St. Ann Parish (alternative)
Parish of St. Ann (alternative)
St Ann Parish (alternative)
Parish of St Ann (alternative)
Parish of Saint Ann (alternative)


Brown's Town

From Brown + town. From being named after British (Irish) planter Hamilton Brown, a local politician, and founder of Hamilton Town, now Brown's Town.

A town in Saint Ann Parish, Middlesex, Jamaica.


Hamilton Town

From Hamilton + town. From being named after British (Irish) planter Hamilton Brown, a local politician, and founder of the town, now Brown's Town.

Former name of Brown's Town: a town in Saint Ann Parish, Middlesex, Jamaica.


Santa Gloria

From Spanish Santa Gloria. From santo+gloria, from Latin sanctus+gloria (literally “Holy Glory”). Coined by Christopher Columbus, who was stranded there for a year, June 1503 - June 1504.

der

Former name of Saint Ann's Bay: a town in Saint Ann Parish, Middlesex, Jamaica.

A bay of Saint Ann parish, Middlesex, Jamaica.

A town in Saint Ann parish, Middlesex, Jamaica.


Santa Gloria

English: Santa Gloria

Latin: Sancta Gloria

From santo + gloria. From Latin sanctus+gloria (literally “Holy Glory”). Coined by Christopher Columbus, who was stranded there for a year, June 1503 - June 1504.

Santa Gloria (former name of Saint Ann's Bay: a town in Saint Ann Parish, Middlesex, Jamaica)

a bay of Saint Ann Parish, Middlesex County, Jamaica

a town in Saint Ann Parish, Middlesex County, Jamaica


Grange Hill

A settlement in Westmoreland parish, Jamaica.


Chapelton

A market town in Clarendon parish, Jamaica.


Trench Town

From the surname, after the plantation owner Daniel Power Trench (1813-1884).

A neighborhood in St. Andrew parish, partly in Kingston, Jamaica.


ウォーターフォード

ja-pos

ウォーターフォード • (Wōtāfōdo)


Roxborough

en-proper noun

Roxborough (countable and uncountable, plural Roxboroughs)

A small community in Manchester parish, Jamaica.


Linstead

Linstead (countable and uncountable, plural Linsteads)

Habitational surname from the villages of Linstead Magna and Linstead Parva, in Suffolk, from Old English līn (“flax”) or hlin (“maple tree”) + stede (“place”).

A town in Saint Catherine parish, Jamaica.


White Hall

A small settlement in Saint Elizabeth, Jamaica.


Porus

One theory expounded by Wikipedia is that is from porous, for porous soil. Another is that it is from Porras, a captain on the 2nd voyage of Columbus when he landed in Jamaica (Ralway Magazine, November-December 1945, page 340).

A village in Manchester parish, Jamaica.


Bog Walk

Apparently a corruption of Spanish Boca de Agua.


Frankfield

A town in Clarendon parish, central Jamaica.


Sligoville

Named after Howe Browne, Marquess of Sligo and Governor of Jamaica, in 1834, the year that freedom came to the enslaved people of Jamaica.

Benjamin left to join his minister-man to work his own piece of land in a place called Sligoville.

A village in Saint Catherine parish, Jamaica.


Кінгстон

uk-proper noun

Кі́нгстон<sg>

Кі́нгстон • (Kínhston) m inan (genitive Кі́нгстона, uncountable)

Кі́нгстон (canonical)
Kínhston (romanization)
Кі́нгстона (genitive)
Кі́нгстон (nominative singular)
Кі́нгстона (genitive singular)
Кі́нгстонові (dative singular)
Кі́нгстону (dative singular)
Кі́нгстон (accusative singular)
Кі́нгстоном (instrumental singular)
Кі́нгстону (locative singular)
Кі́нгстоні (locative singular)
Кі́нгстоне (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

Кі́нгстон<sg>


Duckenfield

A village in Saint Thomas parish, south-east Jamaica.


Kinstòn

Kingston (The capital and largest city of Jamaica)


Boscobel

A settlement in Saint Mary parish, northern Jamaica.