English

en-prop

English (countable and uncountable, plural Englishes)

English (surname)
English#Places in the United States

Englishes (plural)
Inglish (alternative dated rare)
Englishe (alternative archaic)
english (alternative US)
english (alternative dated rare)

→ Cherokee: ᎩᎵᏏ (gilisi)

→ Maori: Ingarihi

q

→ Ukrainian: і́нгліш (ínhliš) (referring to the English language as a school subject)

From Middle English Englisch, English, Inglis, from Old English Englisċ (“of the Angles; English”), from Engle (“the Angles”), a Germanic tribe + -isċ; equivalent to Engle + -ish. Compare West Frisian Ingelsk, Scots Inglis (older ynglis), Dutch Engels, Danish engelsk, Old French Englesche (whence French anglais), German englisch, Spanish inglés, all ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow”) (compare Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu, “narrow”), अंहस् (áṃhas, “anxiety, sin”), Latin angustus (“narrow”), Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ, “narrow”)).

cog

A number of places in the United States:

A town, the county seat of Crawford County, Indiana; named for Indiana statesman William Hayden English.


Mexico

→ Assamese: মেক্সিকো (meksikü)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܟܣܝܩܘ (mksiqw)

→ Burmese: မက္ကဆီကို (makka.hcikui)

→ Chinese: 墨西哥 (Mòxīgē)

→ Dhivehi: މެކްސިކޯ (mek̊sikō)

→ Finnish: Meksiko

→ Hebrew: מֶקְסִיקוֹ (méksiko)

→ Hindi: मेक्सिको (meksiko)

→ Irish: Meicsiceo

→ Japanese: メキシコ (Mekishiko)

→ Korean: 멕시코 (Meksiko)

→ Thai: เม็กซิโก (mék-sí-goo)

→ Yoruba: Mẹ́síkò

Borrowed from Spanish México, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco, a place-name referring to the Mēxihcah (Mexica/Aztecs).

México (alternative)
Mehico (alternative humorous pronunciation-spelling)

Aguascalientes · Baja California · Baja California Sur · Campeche · Chiapas · Chihuahua · Coahuila · Colima · Durango · Guanajuato · Guerrero · Hidalgo · Jalisco · Mexico · Michoacán · Morelos · Nayarit · Nuevo León · Oaxaca · Puebla · Querétaro · Quintana Roo · San Luis Potosí · Sinaloa · Sonora · Tabasco · Tamaulipas · Tlaxcala · Veracruz · Yucatán · Zacatecas

A town in Oxford County, Maine, United States.

A town and village in Oswego County, New York, United States.


Norway

→ Japanese: ノルウェー (Noruwē)

From Middle English Norwey, Norweye, Northwey, Norweȝe, Norewæiȝ, Norwæge, from Old English Norþweġ, a calque of Old Norse Norðvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”), contrasted with suðrvegr (“south way”), i.e. Germany, and austrvegr (“east way”), the Baltic lands. Norwegian (1607) is from Medieval Latin Norvegia, with the -w- from Norway. Equivalent to North + way.

Norroway (alternative archaic)
Norwey (alternative obsolete)

A small town in Herkimer County, New York.

Orangeburg County
Orangeburg County#English

A small town in Orangeburg County, South Carolina.


Egypt

→ Burmese: အီဂျစ် (igyac)

→ Chinese: 埃及 (Āijí)

→ Korean: 애굽 (Aegup)

→ Vietnamese: Ai Cập

→ Cornish: Ejyp

→ Gujarati: ઇજિપ્ત (ijipt)

→ Hindi: इजिप्ट (ijipṭ), इजिप्त (ijipt)

→ Iban: Ejip

→ Japanese: エジプト (Ejiputo)

→ Kannada: ಈಜಿಪ್ಟ್ (ījipṭ)

→ Korean: 이집트 (Ijipteu)

→ Malayalam: ഈജിപ്റ്റ് (ījipṟṟ)

→ Maori: Īhipa

→ Marathi: इजिप्त (ijipta)

→ Navajo: Ííjip

→ Nepali: इजिप्ट (ijipṭa)

→ Odia: ଇଜିପ୍ଟ (ijipṭa)

→ Paiwan: Idjiputu

→ Thai: อียิปต์ (ii-yìp)

From Middle English Egipt, from Middle French Egypte, from Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos) (see also the Mycenaean Greek ethnonym 𐁁𐀓𐀠𐀴𐀍 (a3-ku-pi-ti-jo, “Egyptian”)), from Egyptian ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ (“Egypt; Memphis; the temple of Ptah in Memphis”, literally “The temple of the ka of Ptah”), whose Late Egyptian pronunciation is reflected by Akkadian 𒄭𒆪𒌒𒋫𒀪 (ḫikuptaḫ).

der

Ægypt (alternative archaic)
Ægipt (alternative obsolete)
Aegipt (alternative obsolete)
Egipt (alternative obsolete)
Egipte (alternative obsolete)

Craighead County
Craighead County#English


Poland

→ Japanese: ポーランド (Pōrando)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-der.
Proto-Slavic *poľe
Proto-Slavic *-janъ
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Slavic *-inъ
Proto-Slavic *-janinъ
Proto-Slavic *poľaninъder.
German Polebor.
English Pole
Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-om
Proto-Germanic *landą
Proto-West Germanic *land
Old English land
Middle English lond
English land
English Poland
1560s. From Pole + land, a phono-semantic matching of German Polen (“Poland”), from Old Polish Polanie (“Poles”, literally “field dwellers”), from Proto-Slavic *poľane, plural of *poľaninъ (“field dweller”), from *poľe (“field”) + *-ěninъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, wide”).

der

Androscoggin County
Androscoggin County#English

Chautauqua County
Chautauqua County#English


Greenland

From green + land, calque of Old Norse Grǿnland, from grǿnn (“green”) + land (“land”).


Andorra

Possibly from a Celtic language, or from Basque raízurr.

Andorra (a town, a municipality of Teruel, Aragon)


Armenia

From Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more. The Old Persian name is an exonym: see հայ (hay) for the native name. Attested in English since late 14th century.

A town in Sonsonate department, El Salvador.


Armenia

a town in Sonsonate department, El Salvador


Bolivia

Bolivia
Bolivia, North Carolina
Simón Bolívar

Borrowed from Spanish and New Latin Bolivia (“land of Bolivar”), from the South American revolutionary leader Simón Bolívar + -ia (forming placenames), from the Spanish surname Bolívar, from Basque Bolibar, a village in Álava, Basque Country, Spain, from Basque bolu (“windmill”) + ibar (“valley”).

Brunswick County
Brunswick County#English

A small town, the county seat of Brunswick County, North Carolina, United States.


Bolivia

From Bolív(ar) + -ia; coined by Bolivian pastor and deputy Manuel Martín Cruz in October 1825 stating, “if from Romulus, Rome; from Bolivar, Bolivia”.


China

en-prop

China (usually uncountable, plural Chinas)

Chinas (plural)
Chin (alternative obsolete)
Chyna (alternative)

→ Amharic: ቻይና (čayna)

→ Chinese: 猜拿 (Cāiná)

→ Hindi: चाइना (cāinā)

→ Maori: Haina

→ Telugu: చైనా (cainā)

→ Tigre: ቻይና (čayna)

→ Tigrinya: ቻይና (čayna)

→ Tokelauan: Haina

→ Welsh: Tsieina

→ Yoruba: Ṣáínà

[ˈt͡ʃ(ʰ)aɪ̯nə]

China (disambiguation)
Colóquios dos simples e drogas da India
Duarte Barbosa
Garcia de Orta
Marco Polo
The Travels of Marco Polo
states of ancient China

From Portuguese China, from possibly Venetan Cina probably under influence from Old French Chin, from Classical Persian چین (čīn) under influence from Medieval Latin Sina (“China”), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (Čīn, “China”), from Sanskrit चीन (cīna, “the Chinese; China”) of uncertain etymology. It is usually thought to be derived from Chinese 秦 (Qín) (sm Qín, mc d͡ziɪn, oc *zin, "Qin"), the westernmost ancient Chinese state, but other theories have been proposed, including derivation from 晉 /晋 (jìn) (sm Jìn, mc t͡siɪn, oc *ʔsins, "Jin"), another important ancient state; 荊 /荆 (jīng) (sm Jīng, mc kˠiæŋ, oc *keŋ, "Chu"), the southernmost ancient Chinese state; or Zina, the endonym of the people of the Yelang kingdom. See "Names of China" and "Chinas" at Wikipedia. As a female name, usually derived via china (“porcelain”) and china doll, ultimately from the same source.

der

A town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States.

A municipality and town in Nuevo León, Mexico.


China

China (disambiguation)
Zhengzhang Shangfang
zh:鄭張尚芳

According to the town of China, if all students commuting by motorcycles switched to electric ones, carbon emissions could be reduced to under one-fourth of the current amount.

2022 December 24, “School on Japan island lends electric scooters to students for eco-friendly, cheap commute”, in The Mainich:

The two towns on the island, China (pronounced chee-nah) and Wadomari, along with neighboring Tokunoshima island, each have different dialects.

2024 August 21, “Linguists rush to preserve rare dialect on remote Kagoshima isle”, in The Asahi Shinbun:


Cuba

→ Japanese: キューバ (Kyūba)

→ Hawaiian: Kupa

Disputed; likely from Taíno cubao (“abundant fertile land”) or coabana (“great place”).

unk

Disputed

A locale in the United States; named for the island country.

A town and village therein, in Allegany County, New York.


Denmark

→ Japanese: デンマーク (Denmāku)

→ Korean: 덴마크 (Denmakeu)

→ Malay: Denmark

Indonesian: Denmark

From Middle English Denmark, from Danish Danmark, from dansk (“Danish”) + Old Norse merki (“boundary”) or mǫrk (“borderland”). Cognate with (and perhaps influenced by) Old English Denemearc.

something is rotten in the state of Denmark

A town and local government area (Shire of Denmark) in the Great Southern region, Western Australia.

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

A number of places in other countries:
A place in the United States:
A town in Oxford County, Maine.

A number of places in other countries:
A place in the United States:
A town in Lewis County, New York.


Jamaica

From the Massachusett word for “beaver”, tummunk. Compare next etymology. Doublet of Tamaqua and Etymology 4.

/d͡ʒəˈmæɪ.kə/


Lebanon

en-proper noun

Lebanon (usually uncountable, plural Lebanons)

→ Japanese: レバノン (Rebanon)

The country's name comes from the name of the mountain range, which in turn comes from Biblical Hebrew לְבָנוֹן (ləḇānôn), from Proto-West Semitic *laban- (“white”) (compare Hebrew לָבָן (lāḇān, “white”), Arabic لَبَن (laban, “milk”)).

Various places in the United States of America:

A town in New London County, Connecticut.

New London County
New London County#English

A small town in Potter County, South Dakota.

A town, the county seat of Russell County, Virginia.

A town and census-designated place in Dodge County, Wisconsin.

census-designated place
census-designated place


Mozambique

Borrowed from Portuguese Moçambique, from the name of sultan Mussa Bin Bique.

Mosambique (alternative)
Mocambique (alternative)

An island or its town in the province of Nampula, Mozambique, from which its name was transferred to the country.


Peru

→ Japanese: ペルー (Perū)

Borrowed from Spanish Perú, possibly from the personal name Birú, or from the Quechua pelu (“river”).

Places in the United States:
A town in Maine.

Places in the United States:
A town in Massachusetts.

Places in the United States:
A town in New York.

Places in the United States:
A town in Vermont.

Places in the United States:
A town in Wisconsin.


Venezuela

Inherited from Old Spanish Veneçuela (from Venecia (“Venice”) + -uela).


Spanish

Spanish (countable and uncountable, plural Spanishes)

From Middle English Spainish, Spanish, equivalent to Spain + -ish.


Wales

en-prop

Wales (countable and uncountable, plural Waleses)

wails (whales in accents with wine-whine merger)

From Middle English Wales, from Old English Wēalas, plural of wealh (“Celt, Welsh person”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh, from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“Celt, Roman”). Compare the second element in Cornwall, and also Gaul.

A number of places in the United States:


Jupiter

From Latin Iūpiter (“father Jove”), from Proto-Italic *djous patēr (literally “sky father”) (cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “father Zeus”)), from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Doublet of Dyaus Pita.

der

Palm Beach County
Palm Beach County#English

A town in Palm Beach County, Florida, named in error after the Roman god.


Georgia

From George (male given name) + -ia (place-name suffix).

af

/ˈd͡ʒɔː.d͡ʒə/

/ˈd͡ʒɔɹ.d͡ʒə/

/ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒə/

Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming

American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · United States minor outlying islands · United States Virgin Islands

Several smaller places in the United States.

A town in Franklin County, Vermont, named for George III of the United Kingdom (1738–1820).


Jordan

en-proper noun

Jordan (countable and uncountable, plural Jordans)

From Latin Iordanēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs), from Biblical Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén, “Jordan (river)”). Doublet of Yarden.

der

A small town, the county seat of Garfield County, Montana.


Saxon

Partially from Middle English Saxe, Sax; from Old English *Seaxa (attested in plural Seaxan), and Saxoun, from Old French *Saxoun, Saxon (“Saxon”), from Late Latin Saxōnem, accusative of Saxō (“a Saxon”), both from Proto-West Germanic *sahs, from Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“rock, knife”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”). Doublet of Sais.
Cognates
Cognate with Middle Low German sasse (“someone speaking Saxon, i.e. (Middle) Low German”), Old English Seaxa (“a Saxon”), Old High German Sahso (“a Saxon”), Icelandic Saxi (“a Saxon”), Estonian saks (“lord; German”), Finnish Saksa (“Germany”). Also cognate to Old English seax (“a knife, hip-knife, an instrument for cutting, a short sword, dirk, dagger”); more at sax.

cog

A town and census-designated place therein, in Iron County, Wisconsin, United States.


Welsh

Welshes (plural)
Welch (alternative archaic)

Volcae
Welsh
Welsh language
Welsh people

From Middle English Walsch, Welische, from Old English wīelisċ (“Briton; Roman; Celt”), from Proto-West Germanic *walhisk, from Proto-Germanic *walhiskaz (“Celt; later Roman”), from *walhaz (“Celt, Roman”) (compare Old English wealh), from the name of the Gaulish tribe, the Volcae (recorded only in Latin contexts).
This word was borrowed from Germanic into Slavic (compare Old Church Slavonic Влахъ (Vlaxŭ, “Vlachs, Romanians”), Byzantine Greek Βλάχος (Blákhos)).
Doublet of Vellish. Compare Walloon, walnut, Vlach, Walach, Gaul, Cornwall.

cog

A town in Louisiana, United States, named for early landowner Henry Welsh.


Victoria

en-proper noun

Victoria (countable and uncountable, plural Victorias or Victoriae)

From Latin Victōria, from victōria (“victory”). Doublet of Vitória. The given name can also be analyzed as the male name Victor + -ia. The places were named in honour of Queen Victoria of Great Britain.

Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador#English

A town in Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador.

The main town of the federal territory of Labuan, Malaysia.

Lunenburg County
Lunenburg County#English

A town in Lunenburg County, Virginia, named after Queen Victoria.

A town in Cabañas department, El Salvador.


Victoria

From the Latin Victoria; also shortened from María (de la) Victoria, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as "Our Lady of Victory".

Victoria (a town in Cabañas department, El Salvador)


Canadian

A name of uncertain origin. The city and town names are after the river.

Pittsburg County
Pittsburg County#English


Ontario

/ɒnˈtɛə.ɹi.əʊ/

Probably from Wyandot ontari꞉io (literally “great lake”). If so, ultimately from Proto-North Iroquoian *-õtaɹeɁ and Proto-Iroquoian * -õːtaɹiɁ.

Օնտարիո

lake between Ontario province and New York State — see also Lake Ontario

A town, hamlet, and census-designated place in Wayne County, New York.


Delhi

A locale in North America; named for the city in India.


Perth

From Scottish Gaelic Peairt, from Pictish *ᚚᚓᚏᚈ (pert) meaning “wood, copse, thicket”, related to Welsh perth and perhaps Proto-Celtic *kʷerxtā (from Proto-Indo-European *pérkʷus (“oak”).

A town, the county seat of Lanark County, Ontario, Canada.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Fulton County, New York.


Adelaide

→ Greek: Άντελαϊντ (Ántelaïnt)

Borrowed from French Adélaïde, from Old High German Adalheidis (from adal (“noble”) + -heit (“nature, character”)), modern German Adelheid; doublet of Alice.

Adelaide (given name)
Adelaide River
Adelaide, South Australia

Queen Adelaide
w:Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen

William IV
w:William IV of the United Kingdom

Places named for Queen Adelaide, consort of William IV.

A town in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.


Melbourne

Named after the 2nd Viscount of Melbourne, Derbyshire, itself deriving from the Old English mylen (“mill”) + burne (“stream”).

South Derbyshire
South Derbyshire#English

A market town and civil parish in South Derbyshire district, Derbyshire, England, located in the East Midlands (OS grid ref SK3825).


Toronto

[tʰəˈɹɑ̈ntʰo(ʊ)]

[tʰəˈɹɑ̈ɾ̃o(ʊ)]

[t͡ʃəˈɹɑno(ʊ)]

[t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔ʷɑɾ̃ə]

Lake Couchiching
Lake Simcoe
The Globe and Mail
Toronto
Toronto (disambiguation)

From Mohawk tkaronto (“where trees stand in water”), originally referring to the strait between Lake Simcoe and Lake Couchiching. Compare karón:ta (“tree”) from Proto-North Iroquoian *-ɹõt-.

A small town in Deuel County, South Dakota, named after Toronto, Ontario.


Halifax

From Old English halh-ġefeaxe (literally “grassy corner”), compounded from halh + ġefeaxe. Folk etymology suggests Old English hāliġfeax (literally “holy hair”), as compounded from hāliġ + feax, from a local legend that the town is said to have received the name from the fact that the hair of a murdered virgin was hung up on a tree in the neighborhood, which became a resort of pilgrims. Compare also Fairfax.
The capital city of Nova Scotia is named after statesman George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax (1716–1771).
The civil parish is also named after the 2nd Earl of Halifax. Coined by British-Dutch surveyor Samuel Holland.

coin

An industrial town in West Yorkshire, England, 20km south-west of Leeds.

A small town, the county seat of Halifax County, North Carolina, United States.

A town, the county seat of Halifax County, Virginia, United States.


Halifax

Halifax (an industrial town in West Yorkshire, England, 20km south-west of Leeds)


Charlottetown

/ˈʃɑɹ.ləˌtaʊn/

The name of the city on Prince Edward Island is Charlotte + town. The city is named after Queen Charlotte (1744-1818). The town in Labrador was named after the city on Prince Edward Island by the local resident Benjamin Powell, who had hoped that the settlement might one day reach a similar size and importance.

A town in Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.


Ottawa

→ French: Ottawa

→ Japanese: オタワ

desctree

→ Russian: Оттава (Ottava)
→ Armenian: Օտտավա (Ōttava)

[ˈɔɾ̥əwa(ː)]

From Ojibwe odaawaa/ᐅᑡᐙ (“an Ottawa; a trader”), from Proto-Algonquian *atawewa (“to trade”).

Odawa (alternative)
Odaawaa (alternative)
Ottowa (alternative)

unincorporated community
unincorporated community

A number of places in the United States:

A town and unincorporated community in Waukesha County, Wisconsin.


花園

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɑɻ³⁵/

/xua²⁴ yæ̃²⁴/

/faː⁵⁵ jyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/hua⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵³/

/hua⁵³³⁻¹¹ œŋ¹³/

/hua⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ yøŋ²⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/hue⁴⁴⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ hŋ̍²⁴/

/hue³³ hŋ̍²⁴/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² huĩ¹³/

/hue³³⁻²³ hŋ⁵⁵/

/ho⁵⁵ ɦyø²¹/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɑɻ³⁵/

/xua²⁴ yæ̃²⁴/

/faː⁵⁵ jyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/hua⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵³/

/hua⁵³³⁻¹¹ œŋ¹³/

/hua⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ yøŋ²⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/hue⁴⁴⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ hŋ̍²⁴/

/hue³³ hŋ̍²⁴/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² huĩ¹³/

/hue³³⁻²³ hŋ⁵⁵/

/ho⁵⁵ ɦyø²¹/

The Malaysian sense is a semantic loan from Malay taman (“park; garden; residential neighborhood”).

sl

(～鎮) Huayuan (a town in Xiaochang, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


Leon

David Camden de Leon
Independence, Iowa
Juan Ponce de Leon
Legio VII Gemina
Martín De León
Mexican–American War

From Spanish León, from Latin legiō (“legion”), named for the Legio VII Gemina, which settled there. In reference to the New York town and Texan river, taken from the former Spanish kingdom. The Texan lake is named for the river. The Floridian county is named for the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon. The Texan county is named for Martin de Leon, founder of Victoria, Texas. The town in Monroe Co., Wisconsin, was named for the Mexican city. The Iowan town was changed to honor the "Fighting Doctor" of the Mexican–American War David Camden de Leon after it was discovered that Iowa already had a city named Independence. The Kansan town was named for the one in Iowa. Doublet of legion via Old French. The California town was named for the nearby Leon Mine.

Cattaraugus County
Cattaraugus County#English

A town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States.

A town in Love County, Oklahoma, United States.

A town in Monroe County, Wisconsin, United States.

A town in Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States.


Bombay

From Portuguese Bombaim, possibly from Marathi मुंबादेवी (mumbādevī, “goddess Mumba”) or from bom + baim. Most likely a combination of both.

der

Bombay
Bombay cat
en:Bombay (disambiguation)

A town in Franklin County, New York, United States.


Georgetown

/ˈd͡ʒɔː(ɹ)d͡ʒtaʊn/

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

A town in Saint Vincent, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Arkansas.

A town, the county seat of Sussex County, Delaware; named for Delaware statesman George Mitchell.

A town in Indiana; named for George Waltz, who platted the town.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Maine.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Massachusetts.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Mississippi.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in New York.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Polk County, Wisconsin.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Price County, Wisconsin.

Places in Australia and New Zealand (Australasia):

A town in Queensland; named for early gold commissioner Howard St George.


Cornish

From Corn(wall) + -ish, from Cornish Kernewek, Kernowek.

The name of a town:
A town in New Hampshire.

A town in Utah, at the border with Idaho.


Milton

The English place names are from Old English mylen (“mill”) or middel (“middle”) + tun (“settlement”).

A town in the Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario; named for poet John Milton.

A town in Sussex County, Delaware; named for poet John Milton.

A town in Washington Township, Wayne County, Indiana; named for the watermills in the area.

A town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts; named for Milton Abbey in Dorset, England.

Strafford County
Strafford County#English

A town and census-designated place therein, in Strafford County, New Hampshire; named for either a mill in the area or for the Viscount Milton.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Saratoga County, New York; named for either poet John Milton or a mill in the area.

A town in Caswell County, North Carolina; named for a mill in the area.

Chittenden County
Chittenden County#English

A town and census-designated place therein, in Chittenden County, Vermont, a suburb of Burlington; named for British statesman William Fitzwilliam, Viscount Milton.

A town in Cabell County, West Virginia; named for landowner Milton Reece.

A place in the United States:
A town in Buffalo County, Wisconsin.

A town and city therein, in Rock County, Wisconsin; named for poet John Milton.


森

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): Triplication of 木 (“tree”), to suggest a large number (compare 三) of trees such as one would find in a forest. Compare 林 (*ɡ·rɯm).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ram (“jungle; forest; country; field”) (STEDT). Schuessler (2007) suggests that it may be an intensive derivation of 林 (*ɡ·rɯm, “forest”), perhaps influenced by parallels in Austroasiatic, such as Old Khmer sarāma, sarāṃ (“a tract of stunted vegetation”), derived from rām (“inundated forest along a watercourse”). Alternatively, Mei (2012) suggests that the prefix *s- has a denominative function.

inh

Mori (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

Mori (a town in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


森

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).
Probably cognate with 盛り (mori, “heap, pile”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 盛る (moru, “to heap up, to build up into a significant amount”), from the way a forest can look like a heap or mound from a distance.


Webster

en-proper noun

Webster (countable and uncountable, plural Websters)

Androscoggin County
Androscoggin County#English

A number of places in the United States:

Former name of Sabattus: a town in Androscoggin County, Maine, United States; renamed in 1971.

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

A town and census-designated place therein, in Worcester County, Massachusetts.

Merrimack County
Merrimack County#English

A town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire.

A town and village therein, in Monroe County, New York.

A town in Jackson County, North Carolina.


Palestine

→ Korean: 팔레스타인 (Palleseutain)

→ Malay: Palestin

Medinet Habu
Padiiset's Statue
Palestine

From Middle English Palestyne, from Old English Palestina, from Latin Palaestīna (“Roman province of Palestine”), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē, “Philistia and the surrounding region”), from Hebrew פְּלֶשֶׁת (p'léshet, “Philistia, land of the Philistines”). The term P-l-s-t or P-r-s-t, found in five Ancient Egyptian inscriptions (beginning with one at Medinet Habu from circa 1170 BCE and ending with Padiiset's Statue inscription from circa 900-850 BCE) as the name of a people near Egypt, is traditionally taken to be cognate. Seven Assyrian inscriptions contain the word "Palas(h)tu" or "Pilistu", which is usually also taken to be cognate.

der

St. Francis County
St. Francis County#English


厚

Sino-Xenic (厚):
* → Korean: 후(厚) (hu)

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 厂 (“cliff; cave on a cliff”) + 𣆪 (“jug”). According to Shuowen, 𣆪 is an inverted 亯.

Han compound

(～鎮) Hou (a town in Lantian, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)


Amsterdam

Montgomery County
Montgomery County#English

A number of places in the United States, most being named after the Dutch city:

A town and city in Montgomery County, New York.

A town in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.


Genoa

/ˈdʒɛn.əʊ.ə/

/d͡ʒɛnˈoʊ.ə/

From Latin Genua (influenced by Italian Genova), as the city was known by the ancient Ligurians. Probably from the Ancient Ligurian word for “knee”, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénw-eh₂ (“knee”), a thematic derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu; in this sense “angle”, from its geographical position, thus akin to Geneva.

A town in the Shire of East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia.

A small statutory town in Lincoln County, Colorado.

An unincorporated town in Douglas County, Nevada.

A town and village therein, in Vernon County, Wisconsin. Former name of village: Bad Axe.


Alençon

/ˌælɒ̃nˈsɒ̃n/

A town and commune, the capital of Orne department, Normandy, France.


Alençon

Alençon (a town and commune, the prefecture of Orne department, Normandy, France)


Andrew

en-prop

Andrew (countable and uncountable, plural Andrews)

[ˈeᵊnˌd̠ɹ̠˔ʷʊ̈u]

[ˈænˌd̠ɹ̠ʷ˔ʊ̈u]

From Ancient Greek Ἀνδρέας (Andréas), cognate with ἀνδρεῖος (andreîos, “manly”), both from ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”). Doublet of André, Andreas, Andrei, and Andrey.

doublet

A town in Jackson County, Iowa, United States.


Watson

⇒ Translingual: Watsonia

and narrator of the Sherlock Holmes stories

A town in the Rural Municipality of Lakeside No. 338, Saskatchewan, Canada.

A number of places in the United States:


Bentley

From Old English Beonetlēah. Originally a Sussex habitational name, the word lēah or lēag meaning field in Old English. Hence, equivalent to bent (“bent-grass”) + -leigh/lea (“meadow, field”); compare Bentham.

A place name, including:
A town in Alberta, Canada.

A small town in Hancock County, Illinois.


Athens

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Athens.wav

From Middle English Athens, from Old French Athenes, Atenes, from Latin Athēnae pl (acc. Athēnās), from Ancient Greek Ἀθῆναι pl (Athênai), the plural form of Ἀθήνη (Athḗnē, “Athena”) (q.v.), the goddess. More at Athena. Doublet of Athina.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Somerset County, Maine.

A town and village in Greene County, New York.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Windham County, Vermont.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Mercer County, West Virginia.


Paris

Paree (alternative deliberate humorous misspelling)
Parish (alternative)
Parris (alternative)
Parrish (alternative)
Pares (alternative)

desctree

→ Arabic: بارِيس (bārīs), بَارِيز (bārīz) — dated, پَارِيس (pārīs) — rare
→ Afar: Baaríis
→ Somali: Baaríis

→ Hindi: पेरिस (peris)

→ Urdu: پَیرِس (pairis)
→ Punjabi: پَیرَس (pairas)

From Middle English Parys, Paris, from Old French Paris, from the Late Latin name of an earlier settlement, Lutetia Parisiorum (“Lutetia of the Parisii”), from Latin Parīsiī, a Gaulish tribe, from Transalpine Gaulish *parios (“cauldron”), from Proto-Celtic *kʷaryos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-. Doublet of Parizh.

der

General American, Canada, Mary–marry–merry merger

A town, the county seat of Oxford County, Maine.

A town in Oneida County, New York; named for early benefactor Col. Isaac Paris.

A locale named after the French city.
A locale in the United States.
A town in Grant County, Wisconsin.

A town and unincorporated community therein, in Kenosha County, Wisconsin; named for the town in New York.


Moscow

Ultimately from Old East Slavic Москов- (Moskov-), originally referring to the Moskva River, probably from Proto-Slavic *mosky (“swamp, dampness, moisture”). Perhaps related to Czech moskva (“raw bread”), Slovak mozga (“puddle”), Polish Mozgawa, and more distantly Latvian mazgāt (“to wash, rinse”), Sanskrit मज्जति (májjati, “to sink”), Latin mergō (“to dive”), all from Proto-Indo-European *mesg- (“to plunge, dip”). Cognate with Russian промозглый (promozglyj, “dank”). Doublet of Moskva.

A large number of places in the United States:

A small town in Iowa County, Wisconsin; named after the Mascouten tribe.


Stockholm

From Swedish Stockholm (“Stockholm”), compound of stock (“log”) (due to the logs which were put outside of the Stockholm shores to prevent ships from invading), from Old Swedish stokker (“tree trunk, log”), from Old Norse stokkr, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“stick, beam, stump”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewg- (“to push; hit”), from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”) + holme (“holm, islet”) (thought to refer to the islet Helgeandsholmen in central Stockholm), from Old Swedish holmber, Old Norse holmr, from Proto-Germanic *hulmaz (“small island, hill, mound”), from Pre-Germanic *kl̥Hmos, likely from an original mn-stem; from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to rise, be tall, hill”).
The place names in the Americas are named after English Stockholm, which then again are all named after the Swedish capital with the same origin. The other place names are likely named directly after Swedish Stockholm (“Stockholm”), or have the same etymology as Stockholm.

Stockholm (a town in Aroostook, Maine, United States)

Stockholm (a town in St. Lawrence, New York, United States)

Stockholm (a town in Grant, South Dakota, United States)

Stockholm (a town in Pepin, Wisconsin, United States)


Madrid

A town and municipality of Western Savanna Province, Cundinamarca department, Colombia.

A town in Tecomán Municipality, Colima, Mexico.

A small town in Houston County, Alabama.

St. Lawrence County
St. Lawrence County#English

A town in St. Lawrence County, New York.


Naples

From French Naples, from Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεᾱ́πολῐς (Neā́polĭs), from νέᾱ (néā, “new”) + πόλῐς (pólĭs, “city”) after the relocation of the original Greek settlement in the area. Doublet of Nabeul, Nablus, Napoli, Neapoli, and Neapolis. Compare Newton.

doublet

A town and village in New York, United States.


California

en-prop

California (countable and uncountable, plural Californias)

Etymology of California
Las sergas de Esplandián

Probably Spanish after California, a Utopian island of the Amazons described in Las sergas de Esplandián, a 16th-century Spanish novel. The name comes from the fictional island's Muslim-allied queen, Calafia, whose name is a play on Arabic خَلِيفَة (ḵalīfa, “caliph”). For more information see: Etymology of California.

A town in Santander department, Colombia.

A town in Usulután department, El Salvador.

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English


California

Calafia
Las sergas de Esplandián
Reconquista

First attested in Montalvo's Las sergas de Esplandián as the name of Calafia's monarchy. A name invented by the author to remind Spanish readers of the recent Reconquista, probably based on califa (“caliph”). By surface analysis, califal + -or + -n- + -ia.

surf

a town in Usulután department, El Salvador


鄍

Han char

鄍 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月金弓中 (BCNL), four-corner 7782₇, composition ⿰冥阝)


Arcadia

From Latin Arcadia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρκαδία (Arkadía).

Arcadia
Arcadia (ancient region)
Arcadia (utopia)

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Jackson Township, Hamilton County, Indiana.

Bienville Parish
Bienville Parish#English

A town, the parish seat of Bienville Parish, Louisiana.

Trempealeau County
Trempealeau County#English

A city and town in Trempealeau County, Wisconsin.

Greater Shepparton
Greater Shepparton#English

A town in the City of Greater Shepparton, Victoria.


Pella

From Latin Pella from Ancient Greek Πέλλα (Pélla), from Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla) (presumably from an earlier *πέλσα) from Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”). Cognates include Irish aill (“boulder, cliff”), Pashto پرښه (parša, “rock, rocky ledge”), Sanskrit पाषाण m (pāṣāṇa) / पाषी f (pāṣī, “stone”), Proto-Germanic *falisaz, English fell (“rocky ridge”), Old Norse fell / fjall (“mountain”), German Fels (“rock, cliff”)


Albert

en-prop

Albert (countable and uncountable, plural Alberts)

From Old English Æþelbeorht, from Proto-West Germanic *Aþalberht, a compound of *aþalaz (“noble”) + *berhtaz (“bright, famous”), or from Old French Albert, from Latin Albertus, itself from the Germanic name. Regardless of the exact route, it is a doublet of Ethelbert. It became popular in 19th-century England due to Queen Victoria’s consort, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.


Vulcan

From Latin Vulcānus, probably from Etruscan although very unclear, but unknown meaning and further origin (see more in Latin entry). Doublet of bolcane and volcano.

A town in Vulcan County, southern Alberta, Canada.


Daniel

Danis (alternative)
Daneau (alternative)
Danel (alternative)
Danès (alternative)
Danet (alternative)
Daniau (alternative)
Deniau (alternative)
Deniaud (alternative)
Deniel (alternative)
Dennel (alternative)
Dany (alternative)
Daniellot (alternative)
Daniélou (alternative)

From Middle English Daniel, Daniell, from Ancient Greek Δᾱνῑήλ (Dānīḗl), from Hebrew דָּנִיֵּאל (daniyél, literally “God is my judge”), name borne from the prophet whose story is told in the Book of Daniel.

der

A town in Wasatch County, Utah, United States.


Belfast

From Irish Béal Feirste (literally “mouth of the River Farset”).

A place named for either the city in Northern Ireland or another place also named as such.


Berlin

en-prop

Berlin (countable and uncountable, plural Berlins)

Baden-Württemberg · Bavaria · Brandenburg · Hesse · Lower Saxony · Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania · North Rhine-Westphalia · Rhineland-Palatinate · Saarland · Saxony · Saxony-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thuringia

A small town in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa.

A town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States.

A town in Worcester County, Maryland, United States.

A town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.

A town in Worcester County, Mississippi, United States.

Rensselaer County
Rensselaer County#English

A town in Rensselaer County, New York, United States.

Washington County
Washington County#English

A town in Washington County, Vermont, United States.

Green Lake County
Green Lake County#English

A town in Green Lake County, Wisconsin, United States, mostly surrounding the city of the same name.

A town in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States.


Cairo

Borrowed from Italian Il Cairo, from Arabic الْقَاهِرَة (al-qāhira)

Caherah (alternative)
Al-Caherah (alternative)

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town, hamlet, and census-designated place in Greene County, New York.

A town in Ritchie County, West Virginia.


Cologne

From Middle English Coloyne, from Old French Cologne, from Latin Colōnia Agrippīna (“Agrippine Colony”), a settlement named after Agrippina, the mother of Roman Emperor Nero; colōnia (“colony”) comes from colōnus (“farmer; colonist”), from verb colo, colere (“till, cultivate, worship”). Doublet of Colonia, colony, and Köln, from German.

der

Collen (alternative obsolete)
Cologn (alternative obsolete)
Köln (alternative rare)

A city and town in Minnesota, United States.


Dublin

From Middle Irish Dublind, from dub (“black”) + lind (“pond”).

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Jackson Township, Wayne County, Indiana.

A town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire.

A small town in Bladen County, North Carolina.


Edinburgh

Edinburgh
Edinburgh (disambiguation)
Etymology of Edinburgh

From Middle English Edynburgh, from Old Welsh Eidyn, a Celtic/Brythonic region of uncertain origin (possibly a personal name; compare Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“stronghold”)) + Old English burg (“castle, stronghold”). More at Eidyn and Etymology of Edinburgh.

Bartholomew County
Bartholomew County#English

A town in Bartholomew County, Johnson County and Shelby County, Indiana, United States.

A town in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.


Florence

Florence (disambiguation)
Florence Nightingale

Borrowed from French Florence, from Latin Flōrentia (as a given name, a feminine form of Flōrentius), from flōrens (“flowering, flourishing”), from flōs (“flower”), connected with English bloom and blossom. Doublet of Firenze.
The female given name gained popularity from Florence Nightingale who was born in the Tuscan city.

A town, the county seat of Pinal County, Arizona.

Codington County
Codington County#English

A town in Codington County, South Dakota.

A town in Florence County, Wisconsin, surrounding the census-designated place of the same name.


Florida

New York City, Philadelphia, traditional Eastern New England (except for Boston), Ireland

From Spanish florida (“flowery”), often referring to a place's abundance of flowers. The state's name specifically is a shortening of la Florida (“the flowery one”) or Pascua Florida (“flowery Easter”). It is the oldest surviving European-given place-name in the US. The village in Orange County, New York was named in the 1760s from Latin flōrida (“flowery”).

Several places in South and Central America:

A town and commune of the Biobío region, Chile.

A town in Valle del Cauca department, Colombia.

Several places in the Caribbean:
A town and municipality of Puerto Rico.

Berkshire County
Berkshire County#English

A town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, perhaps named for Spanish Florida.

A town in Montgomery County, New York, named for the state.


Glasgow

/ˈɡlɑːz.ɡəʊ/

/ˈɡlɐːz.ɡəʉ/

/ˈɡlɐːz.ɡɐʉ/

From Cumbric, from Proto-Brythonic *glas (“green”) + *cöü (“hollow”) (for this element see Irish cuas (“hollow”), Welsh cau (“hollow”)); usually romantically translated as "the dear green place." Compare modern Scottish Gaelic Glaschu.

Rockbridge County
Rockbridge County#English

A small town in Kanawha County, West Virginia.


Guernsey

From Anglo-Norman, from Old Norse, compound of Grani (“Grani's”) and ey (“island”). Folk etymology points to a dialectal root for green.


Jerusalem

en-proper noun

Jerusalem (countable and uncountable, plural Jerusalems)

→ Maori: Hiruharama

/d͡ʒəˈɹuːsələm/

/d͡ʒəˈɹuːzələm/

From Old English Hierusalem or Old French Jherusalem or Late Latin Ierusalem, Hierusalem, from Latin Hierosolyma, from Ancient Greek Ἰερουσαλήμ (Ierousalḗm), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

A number of places elsewhere, usually named after the city in the Holy Land:


La Paz

Borrowed from Spanish La Paz (literally “the peace”).

bor+

A town in North Township, Marshall County, Indiana, United States, named after the Bolivian city.


La Paz

es:La Paz (Baja California Sur)
es:la Paz

La Paz (a town in North Township, Marshall County, Indiana, United States, named after the Bolivian city)


Maine

Gallia Celtica
Maine (disambiguation)
Maine (province)
Maine (state)

The US state is from French Maine, named by its French explorers after the province in France with the same name; unrelated to the name of the river that flows through it. From Old French Cemaine, from Latin *Cenomania, from the name of the Gaulish Cenomani tribe of Gallia Celtica. The word was rebracketed as ce (“this”) + Maine, and the ce- was lost by the 12th century.

Outagamie County
Outagamie County#English

A town in Outagamie County, Wisconsin; named for the state.


Manila

From Spanish Manila, from Tagalog Maynila, from may (“there is”) + nila (“indigo”), Tagalog nila from Sanskrit नील (nīla).

Maynila (alternative nonstandard)
May-nilad (alternative historical)
Manilla (alternative archaic historical misspelling)

A small town, the county seat of Daggett County, Utah, United States.


Milan

Inherited from Middle English Milane, Melan, etc., from Old English Mæġelan, Megelan, Mediolanaburg, etc. under influence from early forms of French Milan, from Medieval Latin Mediolāna etc., from Latin Mediolānum, q.v. As American settlements, typically after the Italian city. Doublet of Milano.

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Franklin township and Washington township, Ripley County, Indiana.


Normandy

From Middle English Normandie, Normandye, from Old English Normandiġ, from Old French Normendie, from normant + -ie. Compare Old Norse Norðmanndi (“Normandy”). Normant refers to the Germanic words for 'north' and 'man', as the original Normans were of Scandinavian origin. More at Norman.

A number of other places:
In the United States:
A town in Bedford County, Tennessee.


Oxford

From Middle English Oxenford, Oxneford, from Old English Oxnaford (“Oxford”, literally “oxen's ford”), equivalent to ox + ford. Compare Old Norse Öxnafurða.

inh

New Haven County
New Haven County#English

A town in New Haven County, Connecticut; named for the city in England.

A town in Oak Grove Township, Benton County, Indiana.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Oxford County, Maine; named for the city in England.

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

A town and census-designated place therein, in Worcester County, Massachusetts.

A town and village therein, in Chenango County, New York; named for the town in Massachusetts.

Granville County
Granville County#English

A town, the county seat of Granville County, North Carolina.

Marquette County
Marquette County#English

A town and village therein, in Marquette County, Wisconsin.

(historical)

Cumberland County
Cumberland County#English

A town in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia.

A town in Waimakariri district, Canterbury, New Zealand.


Philadelphia

[fɪɫəˈdɜɫfi.ə]

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Philadelphia.wav

Attalus II Philadelphus
Kingdom of Pergamon
Philadelphia (disambiguation)
Ptolemaid Egypt
Ptolemy II Philadelphus
William Penn

From Latin Philadelphia, from Ancient Greek Φιλαδέλφεια (Philadélpheia), from φιλάδελφος (philádelphos, “brother/sibling-loving”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming placenames”), from the combining form of φῐλέειν (phĭléein, “to love”) + ἀδελφός (adelphós, “brother, sibling”). In reference to the city in Turkey, named for the loyal Attalus II Philadelphus of Pergamon. In reference to the city in Jordan, named for the incestuous Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt. In reference to the American city, named for the ancient towns as well as the Quaker William Penn's aim of fostering religious tolerance. Doublet of Filadelfia.

der

Jefferson County
Jefferson County#English

A locale in the United States; named for the city in Pennsylvania.

A town and village in Jefferson County, New York.


Piedmont

Derived from Italian Piemonte (“mountain foot”), from Medieval Latin Pedemontium, Pedemontis, from Latin ad pedem montium.

der+

A small town in Mineral County, West Virginia, United States.


Rome

→ Hindi: रोम (rom)

→ Thai: โรม (room)

From Middle English Rome, from Old English Rōm, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu, from Proto-Germanic *Rūmō and influenced by Late Latin Rōma (“Rome, Constantinople”), from Classical Latin Rōma (“Rome”). In Roman mythology, the name was said to derive from Romulus, one of the founders of the city and its first king.
The name appears in a wide range of forms in Middle English, including Rom, Room, Roome, and Rombe as well as Rome; by early modern English, it appeared as Rome, Room, and Roome, with the spelling Rome occurring in Shakespeare and common from the early 18th century on. The final spelling was influenced by Norman, Middle French, Anglo-Norman, and Old French Rome. Doublet of Roma and Rum.

der

Rom (alternative archaic)
Roome (alternative archaic)
Room (alternative archaic)
Rhoome (alternative archaic)
Romme (alternative archaic)
Rowme (alternative archaic)
Roym (alternative archaic)
Rum (alternative archaic)
Roma (alternative uncommon)

do not sit in Rome and strive with the Pope

unincorporated community
unincorporated community

A town and unincorporated community in Adams County, Wisconsin.


Saint-Pierre

/ˌsæ̃ piˈɛə(ɹ)/

A town and commune of the overseas department of Martinique, France.

A town and commune of the overseas department of Réunion, France.


Saint-Pierre

→ Mi'kmaq: Senpir

The island of Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon is named after Saint Peter, the patron saint of fishermen.
The town and commune are named after the island.

Saint-Pierre (a town and commune of the overseas department of Martinique, France)

Saint-Pierre (a town and commune of the overseas department of Réunion, France)


Sardinia

Nora, Italy
Sea People
Sherden
en:Sardinia

Borrowing from Latin Sardinia and Ancient Greek Σαρδώ (Sardṓ), which in turn derive from a pre-Roman substrate language, *sard, *shard. It is connected by some scholars to the name of the Sherden or Shardana, an ethnic group amongst the Sea Peoples. A Phoenician inscription found in Nora and dated to the 9th century B.C.E. identifies the island as Shardan.


Seville

From (possibly through a Middle French form) Spanish Sevilla, from Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya), from Latin Hispalis, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “plain, valley”). Compare Hebrew שפלה (shfela, “lowland”), Arabic سافل (safil, “lowly”).

إِشْبِيلِيَة

Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya)

A town in the Shire of Yarra Ranges, Victoria, Australia.


Syracuse

en-proper noun

Syracuse (countable and uncountable, plural Syracuses)

→ Italian: Syracuse

→ Japanese: シラキュース (Shirakyūsu)

desc

→ Mandarin: 錫拉丘茲 /锡拉丘兹 (Xīlāqiūzī, Xílāqiūzī)

→ Portuguese: Syracuse

From French Syracuse, from Latin Syrācūsae, from Ancient Greek Συρᾱ́κουσαι (Surā́kousai) attested from 8th century BC, from a Pre-Greek name, possibly Phoenician 𐤔𐤄𐤓𐤀𐤇 (šhrʾḥ, “to feel ill”) in reference to the ancient port's proximity to a swamp. As a surname, an anglicized form of Italian Siracusa. Doublet of Siragusa. Compare Sicilian Saragusa.

Kosciusko County
Kosciusko County#English

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Turkey Creek Township, Kosciusko County, Indiana.


Port Elizabeth

In South Africa, named by Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin after his late wife, Elizabeth.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

A town on Bequia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.


Hamburg

Any of various communities in the United States; named for the German city:

A small town and unincorporated community in Marathon County, Wisconsin.

A small town in Vernon County, Wisconsin.

A town in the Eastern Cape, South Africa; named for the German city.


Hanover

From German Hannover, meaning "on the higher ridge", from Middle Low German hoch (“high”) (from Old Saxon hōh) + over (“edge, shore”).

A township and town therein, in Jefferson County, Indiana.

A town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

Chautauqua County
Chautauqua County#English

A small town in the Northern Cape province, South Africa.


Frankfurt

Francfort (alternative obsolete)
Frankfort (alternative obsolete)

Frankfurt an der Oder
Frankfurt an der Oder#English

A sizable town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany; in full, Frankfurt an der Oder.


Frankfurt

Frankfurt, Frankfurt-an-der-Oder (a sizable town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany)


Frankfurt

de-proper noun

Frankfurt n (proper noun, genitive Frankfurts or (optionally with an article) Frankfurt, plural Frankfurt or Frankfurte or Frankfurts)

Frankfurts (genitive)
Frankfurt (genitive with-article)
Frankfurt (plural)
Frankfurte (plural)
Frankfurts (plural)

Literally, “ford of the Franks”, from Franke and Furt (“ford”).

Frankfurt, Frankfurt an der Oder (a town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany)


Frankfurt

/ˌfɾɐ̃k.ˈfuʁt͡ʃ/

Unadapted borrowing from German Frankfurt.


Frankfurt

sh-proper noun

Frankfurt m (Cyrillic spelling Франкфурт)


Trinidad

Borrowed from Spanish trinidad (“trinity”), named after the Holy Trinity by Columbus to fulfill a religious vow.

bor+

A town and municipality in Casanare department, Colombia.

A town in Sancti Spíritus province, Cuba.


Valencia

From Spanish Valencia, from Latin Valentia, from valentia (“power, vigor”). Doublet of Valence.

A town and municipality of Córdoba department, in northern Colombia.

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

A town in northeastern Trinidad island, Trinidad and Tobago.


Verona

From the Italian Verona and the Latin Vērōna.


Virginia

en-prop

Virginia (countable and uncountable, plural Virginias)

→ Creek: wvcenv

From Latin Virginia, feminine form of Virginius or Verginius, a Roman family name, possibly identical with Vergilius. The state/colony was named for Elizabeth I as the Virgin Queen, equivalent to virgin + -ia.

Any of several places, in the United States and elsewhere:

A town, a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.


Vienna

From Italian and Medieval Latin Vienna, from German Wien, Middle High German Wienne, and Old High German Wienna, probably from Proto-Celtic *widus (“wood”) or *weidus (“wild”) via unattested Vulgar Latin *Vedunia. Doublet of Wien.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Virginia.

A locale in the United States.
A town in New York.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Wisconsin.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Maine.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Louisiana.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Maryland.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Ohio.

A locale in the United States.
A town in South Dakota.


Warsaw

en-proper noun

Warsaw (countable and uncountable, plural Warsaws)

A town, the county seat of Richmond County, Virginia, United States.


Wellington

en-prop

Wellington (countable and uncountable, plural Wellingtons)

Wellingtons (plural)
wellington (alternative)

From earlier Weolingtun, from:
# For the place in Shropshire, England: Partly uncertain. The second element from Old English tūn (“estate”), while the first element could come either from *wœling (“ridge, bank”), or else from *wēoling (“device, artefact”).
# For the place in Somerset, England: Partly obscure. The last element from Old English tūn (“estate”), while the first element could come from either the personal name *Wēola + ing, or else *wēoling (“trap”).
# Many places with this name are named after Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British soldier and statesman.

Telford and Wrekin
Telford and Wrekin#English

A market town and civil parish with a town council in Telford and Wrekin borough, Shropshire (OS grid ref SJ6511).

Somerset West and Taunton
Somerset West and Taunton#English

A market town and civil parish with a town council in Somerset, previously in Somerset West and Taunton district (OS grid ref ST1320).

Any of several places in a select number of countries, including:

A town in The Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India.

A town in the Western Cape, South Africa.

A town in Sumner County, New South Wales.

A number of places in the United States:

A statutory town in Larimer County, Colorado.

A small town in Monroe County, Wisconsin.


Wellington

Wellington (a town in the Western Cape, South Africa)


Novara

Novara (a town and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Ancona

From Italian Ancona, from Latin Ancōna, from ancōn (“curve, elbow”).

A small town in the Shire of Mansfield, Victoria, Australia, named after Ancona, Italy.


Ascoli Piceno

A town and associated province of Marche, Italy.


Ascoli Piceno

Ascoli Piceno (a town and province of Italy)


Ascoli Piceno

Ascoli Piceno (a town and province of Marche, Italy)


Avellino

Avellino (a town and province of Campania, Italy)


Biella

Biella (a town and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Caserta

la-proper noun

Casērta f sg (genitive Casērtae); first declension

Casērta (canonical feminine singular)
Casērtae (genitive)
Casērta (nominative singular)
Casērtae (genitive singular)
Casērtae (dative singular)
Casērtam (accusative singular)
Casērtā (ablative singular)
Casērta (singular vocative)
Casērtae (locative singular)


Como

A town in Hertford County, North Carolina.


Como

a number of places in the United States:

Como (a town in Panola County, Mississippi)

Como (a town in Hertford County, North Carolina)


Cosenza

en-proper noun

Cosenza (countable and uncountable, plural Cosenzas)


Cosenza

From Latin Cōnsentia, Cosentia, from consentia.

Cosenza (a town and province of Calabria, Italy)


Cremona

la-proper noun

Cremōna f sg (genitive Cremōnae); first declension

Cremōna (canonical feminine singular)
Cremōnae (genitive)
Cremōna (nominative singular)
Cremōnae (genitive singular)
Cremōnae (dative singular)
Cremōnam (accusative singular)
Cremōnā (ablative singular)
Cremōna (singular vocative)
Cremōnae (locative singular)


Enna

[…] she that was rapt by the Dark God from the flowering fields of Enna, to be Queen for ever among the dead that be departed.

1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, page 4:


Enna

From Latin Henna or Haenna, of obscure origin. Originally known as Castrogiovanni from the local Sicilian Castrugiuvanni, from the Arabic name for it, قَصْر يَانِيّ (qaṣr yāniyy, “castle of John”), actually a corruption of Latin castrum ("fort") and Henna. The name was changed in 1927 under Mussolini.


Gorizia

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia#English

A town and comune, the capital of Gorizia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.


Gorizia

Gorizia (a town and comune, the capital of Gorizia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy)


Imperia

A town and associated province on the coast of Liguria, Italy.


Imperia

a town and associated province on the coast of Liguria, Italy


Imperia

a town and province on the coast of Liguria, Italy


Imperia

Imperia f sg (genitive Imperiae); first declension

Imperiae (genitive)
Imperia (nominative singular)
Imperiae (genitive singular)
Imperiae (dative singular)
Imperiam (accusative singular)
Imperiā (ablative singular)
Imperia (singular vocative)
Imperiae (locative singular)

Latinization of Italian Imperia, named after the Impero river crossing the city founded by joining Porto Maurizio and Oneglia in 1923.

(Contemporary Latin) Imperia (a town in Liguria, Italy)


Isernia

Isernia (a town and province of Molise, Italy)


Latina

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Latina.wav

A town, the provincial capital of Latina, Lazio, Italy.


Lecco

From Latin Leucum, of Celtic/Gaulish origin, from or related to leux (“shining, white”).


Lecco

Lecco (a town and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Lodi

A town, the capital of Lodi province, Lombardy.

洛迪

a town and capital of the province of Lodi

A city and town in Columbia County, Wisconsin.


Lodi

Was known in Latin in Roman times as Laus Pompeia or Laus Nova, from laus (“praise”) (genitive laudis), whence lode came in Italian.


Macerata

Probably from macerie (“rubble”), referring to the city's rebuilding after the Goths' destruction of Ricina.


Macerata

Mācerāta f sg (genitive Mācerātae); first declension

Mācerāta (canonical feminine singular)
Mācerātae (genitive)
Mācerāta (nominative singular)
Mācerātae (genitive singular)
Mācerātae (dative singular)
Mācerātam (accusative singular)
Mācerātā (ablative singular)
Mācerāta (singular vocative)
Mācerātae (locative singular)

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Macerata (a town in Marche, Italy)


Macerata

Macerata (a town and province of Marche, Italy)


Matera

Matera (a town and province of Basilicata, Italy)


Nuoro

Borrowed from Italian Nuoro, related to Nuragic.


Nuoro

Borrowed from Sardinian Nùgoro. Cognate with Sicilian Nùguru.

Nuoro (a town and province of Sardinia, Italy)


Ragusa

Ragusa (a town and province of Sicily, Italy)


Rovigo

A commune and town, the capital of the province of Rovigo, Veneto, Italy.


Rovigo

Rovigo (a province and town in Veneto, Italy)


Sondrio

Sondrio (a town and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Treviso

A town, the capital of Treviso province, Italy.


Treviso

From Latin Tarvisium, Tarvisum, from the name of the Celtic tribe, Taurusci.

Treviso (a town and province of Veneto, Italy)


Vercelli

Vercelli (a town and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Vibo Valentia

Vibō Valentia f sg (genitive Vibōnis Valentiae); variously declined, third declension, first declension

Vibō Valentia (canonical feminine singular)
variously declined (canonical)
Vibōnis Valentiae (genitive)
Vibō Valentia (nominative singular)
Vibōnis Valentiae (genitive singular)
Vibōnī Valentiae (dative singular)
Vibōnem Valentiam (accusative singular)
Vibōne Valentiā (ablative singular)
Vibō Valentia (singular vocative)
Vibōnī Valentiae (locative singular)
Vibōne Valentiae (locative singular)
Vibō (alternative Classical-Latin)
Hippōnium (alternative Classical-Latin)
Valentia (alternative Classical-Latin)

Latinization of Italian Vibo Valentia, itself a Classicalizing compound of the Latin names Vibō and Valentia. The former name of the city, in Italian Monteleone, was Mons Leōnis

Ipsius verò Vibonis Valentiæ totus murorum ambitus, secundum Mazzella in historia Regni, & Capialbum de Monteleone, ad octo mill. pass. colligit, […]

1710, Giuseppe Bisogni de Gatti, Hipponii, seu Vibonis Valentiae, vel Montisleonis, page 58:

1878, Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev, Sylloge inscriptionum Oscarum ad archetyporum et librorum fidem, page 106

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

nota in nummis Bruttiorum oppidi Vibonis Valentiae quod nunc Monteleone vocatur posita.

Inventa prope Vibonis Valentiae portum a. 1835, nunc cum aliis in meo museo adservatur CAP.

1890, Inscriptiones Graecae: Inscriptiones Italiae et Siciliae ..., page 156:

(Contemporary Latin) Vibo Valentia (a town in Calabria, Italy)


Viterbo

A town, the provincial capital of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy.


Viterbo

Viterbo (a province and town in Lazio, Italy)


Ventimiglia

a town in the province of Imperia, Liguria, Italy


Coventry

Inherited from Middle English Coventre, from Old English Cofentrēo, Cofantrēo, of obscure origin. Believed to be derived from an Anglo-Saxon named Cofa, hence Cofantrēo (literally “Cofa's tree”).

unc

obscure

A place in the United States:
A town in Tolland County, Connecticut.

A place in the United States:
A town in Chenango County, New York.

A place in the United States:
A town in Kent County, Rhode Island.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town and census-designated place therein, in Orleans County, Vermont.


Limburg

de-proper noun

Limburg n (proper noun, genitive Limburgs or (optionally with an article) Limburg)

Limburgs (genitive)
Limburg (genitive with-article)
Limburg (definite nominative singular)
Limburgs (definite genitive singular)
Limburg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Limburg (dative definite singular)
Limburg (accusative definite singular)

The town in Hesse goes back to Old High German Lintpurc, Lintburk. The first element may be from Proto-Celtic *lindom (“lake”); the second is Burg (“fortification, castle”).

Limburg an der Lahn
Limburg an der Lahn#English

a town, the administrative seat of Limburg-Weilburg district, Hesse; official name: Limburg an der Lahn


Bruges

Inherited from Old French Bruges, from Old Dutch Bruges, Bruggas, Brugias, probably from brugga (“bridge”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.

Bruges (a commune and town in Gironde department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Klausenburg

Klausenburg n (proper noun, genitive Klausenburgs or (optionally with an article) Klausenburg)

Klausenburgs (genitive)
Klausenburg (genitive with-article)
Klausenburg (definite nominative singular)
Klausenburgs (definite genitive singular)
Klausenburg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Klausenburg (dative definite singular)
Klausenburg (accusative definite singular)
Clausenburg (alternative)
Clausenburgk (alternative)

Cluj-Napoca (a town in Transylvania, Romania)


Aytos

Borrowed from Bulgarian Айтос (Ajtos), from Ancient Greek ᾱ̓ετός (āetós, “eagle”).


Dimitrovgrad

A town and municipality in Pirot district, south-easterm Serbia, near the border with Bulgaria.


Kŭrdzhali

Kardjali (alternative)
Kurdjali (alternative)
Kardzhali (alternative)
Kurdzhali (alternative)
Karžhali (alternative)
Kuržhali (alternative)

From Bulgarian Кърджали (Kǎrdžali), from Ottoman Turkish قیرجهعلی (Kırcaali).


Malko Tŭrnovo

From Bulgarian Малко Търново (Malko Tǎrnovo), ultimately derived from Old Church Slavonic малъ (malŭ, “small”) and трънъ (trŭnŭ, “thorn”), thus "lesser thorn", opposed to Veliko Tŭrnovo.

bor

Малко Търново


Montana

en-prop

Montana (countable and uncountable, plural Montanas)

From Latin montāna
* the US state via Spanish montaña (“mountain”)
* the surname from Spanish Montaña topographic surname

A town and province in northwestern Bulgaria.

A place in the United States, named after Montana Territory:


Pazardzhik

Pazardžik (alternative)
Pazardjik (alternative)


Shumen

A town and oblast in northeastern Bulgaria.


Vratsa

Vraca (alternative)
Vratza (alternative)


Bromley

en-proper noun

Bromley (countable and uncountable, plural Bromleys)

From Old English brōm (“broom”) + lēah (“wood”). Equivalent to broom + -ley and doublet of Brimley; compare Broom.

Bromley (disambiguation)
London Borough of Bromley

A town in the borough of Bromley, in south-eastern Greater London (OS grid ref TQ4069).


George Town

Both capitals were named after King George III of the United Kingdom.

A town and local government area (George Town Council) in northern Tasmania, Australia.


Alexander

/ˌælɪɡˈzændɚ/

[ˌælɪɡˈzeəndɚ]

[ˌælɪɡˈzeəndə]

/ˌalɪɡˈzɑːndə/

Borrowed from Latin Alexander, from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros), from ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend”) + ἀνδρ- (andr-), the stem of ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”). Doublet of Alastair, Alejandro, Iskandar, Sikandar, Alessandro, and Alexandre.

doublet

Washington County
Washington County#English

A town in Washington County, Maine; named for British politician and financier Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton.

A town and village therein, in Genesee County, New York; named for early settler Alexander Rea.


Saint Helier

St Helier (alternative)
St. Helier (alternative)

A town, the capital of Jersey, Channel Islands, United Kingdom.


Saint Peter Port

From Peter + port, referring to Saint Peter the Apostle.

A town, the capital of Guernsey, Channel Islands, United Kingdom.


Bremen

A number of places in the United States:

A town in German Township, Marshall County, Indiana.

A town and village therein, in Lincoln County, Maine.


Holland

From Old Dutch holt lant (“wood land”). A popular but false etymology holds that it is derived from hol land (“hollow land”), inspired by the low-lying geography of both the Dutch and the English region (Holland, Lincolnshire).

A town in Cass Township, Dubois County, Indiana.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Hampden County, Massachusetts.

La Crosse County
La Crosse County#English

Sheboygan County
Sheboygan County#English


Andros

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄνδρος (Ándros).

bor+

Andros (town and capital of the Andros regional unit, in the South Aegean autonomous region, Greece)


Alexandria

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Alexandria.wav

From Middle English Alexandria, from Old English Alexandria, from Latin Alexandrīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia), from Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros, “Alexander”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming place names”), initially chiefly places founded by Alexander the Great of Macedonia and subsequently usually with reference to Alexandria in Egypt, a major Hellenistic cultural center, center of early Christianity, and continuing major international port. Compare Antioch, Seleucia, and Ptolemais. Doublet of Kandahar, Iskenderun, Scandaroon, and Alexandretta.

Алекса́ндрия

any of a number of cities bearing the same name

A town in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry#English

A former town in the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry, Ontario, Canada; now a part of the township of North Glengarry.

A town in Sarah Baartman District Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa.

A town in Ehlanzeni District Municipality, Mpumalanga, South Africa.

West Dunbartonshire
West Dunbartonshire#English

A town in West Dunbartonshire council area, Scotland (OS grid ref NS3980).


Corinth

From Latin Corinthus, from Ancient Greek Κόρινθος (Kórinthos). Doublet of currant.

Penobscot County
Penobscot County#English

A town and village therein, in Saratoga County, New York.


Vaduz

Via Rhaeto-Romance auadutg, from Latin aquaeductus.

A town and municipality, the capital of Liechtenstein.


Vaduz

Vaduz (a town and municipality, the capital of Liechtenstein)


Vaduz

cs-proper noun

Vaduz m inan (relational adjective vaduzský)

vaduzský (adjective relational)
Vaduz (nominative singular)
Vaduzu (genitive singular)
Vaduzu (dative singular)
Vaduz (accusative singular)
Vaduze (singular vocative)
Vaduzu (locative singular)
Vaduzem (instrumental singular)


Vaduz

head

Vaduz (genitive Vaduzi, partitive Vaduzi)

Vaduzi (genitive)
Vaduzi (partitive)
Vaduz (nominative singular)
Vaduz (accusative nominative singular)
Vaduzi (accusative genitive singular)
Vaduzi (genitive singular)
Vaduzi (partitive singular)
Vaduzi (illative singular)
Vaduzisse (illative singular)
Vaduzis (inessive singular)
Vaduzist (elative singular)
Vaduzile (allative singular)
Vaduzil (adessive singular)
Vaduzilt (ablative singular)
Vaduziks (singular translative)
Vaduzini (singular terminative)
Vaduzina (essive singular)
Vaduzita (abessive singular)
Vaduziga (comitative singular)


Vaduz

de-proper noun

Vaduz n (proper noun, genitive Vaduz' or (with an article) Vaduz)

Vaduz' (genitive)
Vaduz (genitive)
Vaduz (definite nominative singular)
Vaduz' (definite genitive singular)
Vaduz (definite genitive singular)
Vaduz (dative definite singular)
Vaduz (accusative definite singular)

Attested as Faduzes, Faduzze, Vadutzze, Vaducz, Vadutz and Vaduz over the course of the 12th century.
Via Rhaeto-Romance auadutg from Latin aquaeductus.


Vaduz

Vaduz (nominative singular)
Vaduzt (accusative singular)
Vaduznak (dative singular)
Vaduzzal (instrumental singular)
Vaduzért (causal-final singular)
Vaduzzá (singular translative)
Vaduzig (singular terminative)
Vaduzként (essive-formal singular)
Vaduzban (inessive singular)
Vaduzon (singular superessive)
Vaduznál (adessive singular)
Vaduzba (illative singular)
Vaduzra (singular sublative)
Vaduzhoz (allative singular)
Vaduzból (elative singular)
Vaduzról (delative singular)
Vaduztól (ablative singular)
Vaduzé (singular)
Vaduzéi (singular)
Vaduzom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Vaduzod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Vaduza (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Vaduzunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Vaduzotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Vaduzuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Vaduz

sk-proper noun

Vaduz m inan (genitive singular Vaduza or Vaduzu, declension pattern of dub)

Vaduza (genitive singular)
Vaduzu (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)


Longyearbyen

A port town, the capital of Svalbard, Norway; the largest settlement in Svalbard.


Longyearbyen

Longyearbyen (a port town, the capital of Svalbard, Norway; the largest settlement in Svalbard)


Longyearbyen

Named after American businessman John Munro Longyear as Longyear City; the name was later Norwegianised.


Longyearbyen

Norwegianisation of English Longyear City, named after American businessman John Munro Longyear.


Longyearbyen

Den största ön [i Svalbard] heter Spitsbergen och huvudort är Longyearbyen.

2020, “23. Runt Polcirkeln [23. Around the Polar Circle]”, in Nybörjarkryss [Beginners' Crosswords], number 3, →ISSN, page 23:

The largest island [in Svalbard] is named Spitsbergen, and the capital is Longyearbyen.


Boden

* As a north/Low German surname, derived from the personal name Bode, from the noun meaning "messenger" (Old Saxon bodo).
* As a German surname, from the noun Boden (“bottom”). Compare Bottom.
* As a Swedish surname, from the noun bod (“small hut”). Compare Bodin.
* As an Irish surname, from Ó Buadáin (“descendant of Buadán”), see Bowden.
* As an English surname, variant of Bawden.

A town and municipality of Norrbotten County, in northern Sweden.


Boden

The dative plural Bodom is attested 1543, a definite form of the plural of boden, from bod (“shed, shack”), possibly referring to shacks in the village.

a town and municipality of Norrbotten County, in northern Sweden


Cherokee

/ˌt͡ʃɛ.ɹəˈkiː/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Cherokee.wav

Most likely from the Cherokee autonym ᏣᎳᎩ (tsalagi). Derivation from a Choctaw exonym meaning "those who live in caves" (compare chiluk (“cave”)) has also been suggested — the Iroquois term for the Cherokee was Oyata'ge'ronon (“inhabitants of the cave country”) — as has derivation from a Creek term for "person(s) who speak(s) a non-Creek language" (see celokketv (“to speak a non-creek language”)).
Whatever its origin, the ethnonym entered European languages at an early date, perhaps as early as the 1670s; in Spanish, the people are called the Tchalaquei as early as 1755.


Tar Heel

North Carolina was associated with tar (of which it was a major producer) from the 1700s onwards, and residents were (at first derisively) called "Tarboilers" since at least the 1840s; "Tar Heel" is first attested in 1863 in comments by Confederate soldiers which suggest it was already in common use at that time. One popular theory suggests it refers to North Carolinians having tar on their heels to make them "stick", referring either to their reluctance to join the Confederacy, or to their holding ground during battles when other states' troops retreated.

Tar heel (alternative)
Tarheel (alternative)
tarheel (alternative)

A small town in Bladen County, North Carolina.


Cambridge

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-Cambridge.wav

From Middle English Cantebrigge, Grentebrige, from Old English Grante bryċġ, Granta-briċġ, Grantanbryċġ (“Granta-bridge”). Granta is probably of Celtic origin, identified as Brythonic settlement, Cair Grauth. Doublet of Cam.
By Middle English when the name of the settlement had changed to "Cantebrigge" and eventually "Cambridge", the lower stretches of the River Granta were renamed Cam by back-formation from Cambridge.

A town and village in Lamoille County, Vermont, United States.


Douglas

en-proper noun

Douglas (countable and uncountable, plural Douglases)

Douglases (plural)
Douglass (alternative)

desc

→ Translingual: douglasi, douglasii (learned)

From a place name, Scottish Gaelic dubh (“black”) + glais (“stream”).

A place name or the name of a geographical feature, often given after a person, notably held by:

A town in the Northern Cape, South Africa.

A number of places in the United States:

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

A town in Worcester County, Massachusetts.

A tiny town in Garfield County, Oklahoma.

Marquette County
Marquette County#English

A small town in Marquette County, Wisconsin.


Aldershot

/ˈɔːldə(ɹ)ˌʃɒt/

/ˈɒldə(ɹ)ˌʃɒt/

From Old English alor (“alder”) + sceat (“corner”).

A town in Rushmoor borough, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU8650).


Alton

From Old English ǣwell (“river source”) + tūn (“settlement, town”).

A town and civil parish with a town council in East Hampshire district, Hampshire (OS grid ref SU7139).

A small town in Boone Township, Crawford County, Indiana.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Belknap County, New Hampshire.

A town in the Shire of Balonne, southern Queensland, Australia.


Strasburg

Shenandoah County
Shenandoah County#English


America

→ Burmese: အမေရိက (a.meri.ka.)

→ Chinese: 亞美利加 /亚美利加

→ Chinese: 亞美利加 /亚美利加

→ Japanese: アメリカ

→ Malay: Amerika

→ Maori: Amerika

→ Tagalog: Amerika

→ Tokelauan: Amelika

/əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kə/

/əˈmɛɹ.ə.kə/

/əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kɔː/

Amerigo Vespucci
Martin Waldseemüller
Naming of the Americas
Richard Amerike

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *amalą
Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs
Proto-Celtic *rīxsbor.
Proto-Germanic *rīks
Proto-Germanic *Amalarīksder.
Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-
Proto-Indo-European *-mos
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóymos
Proto-Indo-European *tḱóymos
Proto-Germanic *haimaz
Proto-Germanic *rīks
Proto-Germanic *Haimarīksder.?
Italian Amerigoder.
New Latin Americalbor.
English America
Learned borrowing from New Latin America, feminine Latinized form of the Italian first name of Amerigo Vespucci (1454–1512). Amerigo is an Italian name derived from a Germanic language and is etymologically related to Henry and Emmerich. The earliest known use of America for the (South) American continent is on a 1507 map by Martin Waldseemüller; see Naming of the Americas for more.
Although this is the most widely accepted derivation, it has also been suggested that it could originate from the name of the Amerrisque mountains in Nicaragua (from Mayan), and another disputed theory is that it derives from the surname of Richard Amerike (1440–1503), whose surname is an anglicised form of Welsh ap Meurig (“son of Meurig”), from Old Welsh Mouric, which could be a rendition of Latin Mauritius (compare Maurice).


Andover

From Middle English Andever, Andeafara, from Old English Andefera (“Andover”); possibly from Old English *Ande + ēa + fara (literally “farer over the river Ande”) or from Old English *Ande + ōfer (literally “[town situated on the] bank of the river Ande”).

Population 5,430 (more like 40,000 today), Andover is "a bustling agricultural town" with "many malt houses, and a factory for silk shag".

2023 June 28, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: Alton to Exeter”, in RAIL, number 986, page 59:

A town and civil parish with a town council in Test Valley district, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU3645).

A rural town in Tolland County, Connecticut.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Essex County, Massachusetts.

Merrimack County
Merrimack County#English

A town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire.

A small town in Day County, South Dakota.


Anerley

A town in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.


Queen Anne

After Queen Anne of Great Britain (reigned 1702–1714).

A small town in Maryland, United States.


Apache

From American Spanish apache, most likely from Zuni ˀa˙paču (“Navajos”), or possibly from the Yavapai word ʔpačə, meaning "people". The web server software was named to honor the Apache people, although much has been made of the fact that its design was "patchy" (constructed by assembling software patches). See Apache HTTP Server § Name.
The Parisian gangsters were named after the American tribe because of their aggressive reputation.

A town in Oklahoma, United States. See Apache, Oklahoma.


Rauma

A town and municipality of Satakunta, Finland.


Rauma

Rauma (nominative singular)
Raumat (nominative plural)
Rauma (accusative nominative singular)
Raumat (accusative nominative plural)
Rauman (accusative genitive singular)
Raumat (accusative genitive plural)
Rauman (genitive singular)
Raumojen (genitive plural)
Raumain (genitive plural rare)
Raumaa (partitive singular)
Raumoja (partitive plural)
Raumassa (inessive singular)
Raumoissa (inessive plural)
Raumasta (elative singular)
Raumoista (elative plural)
Raumaan (illative singular)
Raumoihin (illative plural)
Raumalla (adessive singular)
Raumoilla (adessive plural)
Raumalta (ablative singular)
Raumoilta (ablative plural)
Raumalle (allative singular)
Raumoille (allative plural)
Raumana (essive singular)
Raumoina (essive plural)
Raumaksi (singular translative)
Raumoiksi (plural translative)
Raumatta (abessive singular)
Raumoitta (abessive plural)
Raumoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Raumani (nominative singular)
Raumani (nominative plural)
Raumani (accusative nominative singular)
Raumani (accusative nominative plural)
Raumani (accusative genitive singular)
Raumani (accusative genitive plural)
Raumani (genitive singular)
Raumojeni (genitive plural)
Raumaini (genitive plural rare)
Raumaani (partitive singular)
Raumojani (partitive plural)
Raumassani (inessive singular)
Raumoissani (inessive plural)
Raumastani (elative singular)
Raumoistani (elative plural)
Raumaani (illative singular)
Raumoihini (illative plural)
Raumallani (adessive singular)
Raumoillani (adessive plural)
Raumaltani (ablative singular)
Raumoiltani (ablative plural)
Raumalleni (allative singular)
Raumoilleni (allative plural)
Raumanani (essive singular)
Raumoinani (essive plural)
Raumakseni (singular translative)
Raumoikseni (plural translative)
Raumattani (abessive singular)
Raumoittani (abessive plural)
Raumoineni (comitative plural)
Raumasi (nominative singular)
Raumasi (nominative plural)
Raumasi (accusative nominative singular)
Raumasi (accusative nominative plural)
Raumasi (accusative genitive singular)
Raumasi (accusative genitive plural)
Raumasi (genitive singular)
Raumojesi (genitive plural)
Raumaisi (genitive plural rare)
Raumaasi (partitive singular)
Raumojasi (partitive plural)
Raumassasi (inessive singular)
Raumoissasi (inessive plural)
Raumastasi (elative singular)
Raumoistasi (elative plural)
Raumaasi (illative singular)
Raumoihisi (illative plural)
Raumallasi (adessive singular)
Raumoillasi (adessive plural)
Raumaltasi (ablative singular)
Raumoiltasi (ablative plural)
Raumallesi (allative singular)
Raumoillesi (allative plural)
Raumanasi (essive singular)
Raumoinasi (essive plural)
Raumaksesi (singular translative)
Raumoiksesi (plural translative)
Raumattasi (abessive singular)
Raumoittasi (abessive plural)
Raumoinesi (comitative plural)
Raumamme (nominative singular)
Raumamme (nominative plural)
Raumamme (accusative nominative singular)
Raumamme (accusative nominative plural)
Raumamme (accusative genitive singular)
Raumamme (accusative genitive plural)
Raumamme (genitive singular)
Raumojemme (genitive plural)
Raumaimme (genitive plural rare)
Raumaamme (partitive singular)
Raumojamme (partitive plural)
Raumassamme (inessive singular)
Raumoissamme (inessive plural)
Raumastamme (elative singular)
Raumoistamme (elative plural)
Raumaamme (illative singular)
Raumoihimme (illative plural)
Raumallamme (adessive singular)
Raumoillamme (adessive plural)
Raumaltamme (ablative singular)
Raumoiltamme (ablative plural)
Raumallemme (allative singular)
Raumoillemme (allative plural)
Raumanamme (essive singular)
Raumoinamme (essive plural)
Raumaksemme (singular translative)
Raumoiksemme (plural translative)
Raumattamme (abessive singular)
Raumoittamme (abessive plural)
Raumoinemme (comitative plural)
Raumanne (nominative singular)
Raumanne (nominative plural)
Raumanne (accusative nominative singular)
Raumanne (accusative nominative plural)
Raumanne (accusative genitive singular)
Raumanne (accusative genitive plural)
Raumanne (genitive singular)
Raumojenne (genitive plural)
Raumainne (genitive plural rare)
Raumaanne (partitive singular)
Raumojanne (partitive plural)
Raumassanne (inessive singular)
Raumoissanne (inessive plural)
Raumastanne (elative singular)
Raumoistanne (elative plural)
Raumaanne (illative singular)
Raumoihinne (illative plural)
Raumallanne (adessive singular)
Raumoillanne (adessive plural)
Raumaltanne (ablative singular)
Raumoiltanne (ablative plural)
Raumallenne (allative singular)
Raumoillenne (allative plural)
Raumananne (essive singular)
Raumoinanne (essive plural)
Raumaksenne (singular translative)
Raumoiksenne (plural translative)
Raumattanne (abessive singular)
Raumoittanne (abessive plural)
Raumoinenne (comitative plural)
Raumansa (nominative singular)
Raumansa (nominative plural)
Raumansa (accusative nominative singular)
Raumansa (accusative nominative plural)
Raumansa (accusative genitive singular)
Raumansa (accusative genitive plural)
Raumansa (genitive singular)
Raumojensa (genitive plural)
Raumainsa (genitive plural rare)
Raumaansa (partitive singular)
Raumojaan (partitive plural)
Raumojansa (partitive plural)
Raumassaan (inessive singular)
Raumassansa (inessive singular)
Raumoissaan (inessive plural)
Raumoissansa (inessive plural)
Raumastaan (elative singular)
Raumastansa (elative singular)
Raumoistaan (elative plural)
Raumoistansa (elative plural)
Raumaansa (illative singular)
Raumoihinsa (illative plural)
Raumallaan (adessive singular)
Raumallansa (adessive singular)
Raumoillaan (adessive plural)
Raumoillansa (adessive plural)
Raumaltaan (ablative singular)
Raumaltansa (ablative singular)
Raumoiltaan (ablative plural)
Raumoiltansa (ablative plural)
Raumalleen (allative singular)
Raumallensa (allative singular)
Raumoilleen (allative plural)
Raumoillensa (allative plural)
Raumanaan (essive singular)
Raumanansa (essive singular)
Raumoinaan (essive plural)
Raumoinansa (essive plural)
Raumakseen (singular translative)
Raumaksensa (singular translative)
Raumoikseen (plural translative)
Raumoiksensa (plural translative)
Raumattaan (abessive singular)
Raumattansa (abessive singular)
Raumoittaan (abessive plural)
Raumoittansa (abessive plural)
Raumoineen (comitative plural)
Raumoinensa (comitative plural)

→ Swedish: Raumo

Rauma (a town and municipality of Satakunta, Finland)


Danube

→ Hindi: डेन्यूब (ḍenyūb)

→ Korean: 다뉴브 (danyubeu)

→ Marathi: डॅन्यूब (ḍĕnyūb)

→ Thai: ดานูบ (daa-núup)

→ Urdu: ڈینیوب (ḍēn'yūb)

→ Vietnamese: Đa Nuýp

Attested since at least 1598 (also note Middle English Danby (“Danube”) att. in 15th c. Mandeville's Travels).
Borrowed from Middle French Danube, from Old French Danube, from Latin Dānubius, from Proto-Celtic *Dānowyos (compare Welsh river name Donwy), an extended form of the river-name *Dānu, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river, river goddess”), akin to *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion; to flow”).
Cognate with Latin fōns (“spring”), Persian دنیدن (danidan, “to hasten, run”), Ossetian дон (don, “water, river”), Sanskrit धन्वति (dhánvati, “it flows, runs”). More at Danube.

cog

A locale in the United States, named for the river:


Joseph

en-proper noun

Joseph (countable and uncountable, plural Josephs)

→ Maori: Hohepa

From Middle English Ioseph, ultimately from Biblical Hebrew יוֹסֵף (Yoséf, literally “(God) shall add”); a son of Jacob.

der

A town in Sevier County, Utah; named for Mormon apostle Joseph Angell Young.


Geneva

Mentioned in Latin texts as Genava. Probably via a Proto-Celtic *genwā from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénw-eh₂ (“knee”), a derivative of *ǵónu in the sense of a bending river or estuary, possibly akin to Genoa.

/d͡ʒəˈniːvə/

A number of places in the United States, including:

A city and town in Ontario County, New York, an area of water in the city is in Seneca County.

A town in Walworth County, Wisconsin; see also Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, a city nearby.


Glarus

A town, the capital of Glarus canton, Switzerland.


Glarus

de-proper noun

Glarus n (proper noun, genitive Glarus' or (with an article) Glarus)

Glarus' (genitive)
Glarus (genitive)
GL (alternative)
Glaris (alternative Alemannic)

Glarus (a town, the capital of Glarus canton, Switzerland)


Schwyz

A town, the capital of Schwyz canton, Switzerland.


Schwyz

From Latin Suittes (attested 972), perhaps from the Old High German verb swīdan (“to burn”), referring to a spot cleared by slash-and-burn, from Proto-West Germanic *swīþan; compare Old Norse svíða (“to burn, singe”).
In the High Middle Ages recorded as Swiz or Switz, by the late 15th to early 16th century as Schwitz or Schwytz. The territory of Schwyz (the later canton) is recorded in Middle Latin as vallis de Switz (“valley of Schwyz”) from circa 1300 (Federal Charter).

Schwyz (a town, the capital of Schwyz canton, Switzerland)


Devon

→ Russian: Де́вон (Dévon)

From Old English Defenas, which meant both "Devonians" and "Devon," exemplifying the common Anglo-Saxon practice of naming a place after the people who inhabit it.

A place in Canada:
A town in Leduc County, Alberta.


Devon

Devon n (proper noun, genitive Devons or (optionally with an article) Devon)

Devons (genitive)
Devon (genitive with-article)
Devon (nominative singular)
Devons (genitive singular)
Devon (dative singular)
Devon (accusative singular)


Hilo

From Hawaiian Hilo, of uncertain etymology but possibly related to hilo (“to twist”).

The largest town on the island of Hawaii, in Hawaii County, Hawaii, located at the eastern corner of the island.


Frankenstein

en-proper noun

Frankenstein (countable and uncountable, plural Frankensteins)

From German Frankenstein, various places named for Franken (“Franks, Frankish”) + Stein (“stone”). The use of referencing mad scientists derives from Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus, where Victor Frankenstein assembles a man from pieces of various corpses and brings him to life with electricity. Use of the reference to the monster itself is an ellipsis of the earlier Frankenstein's monster, with the monster's usual modern appearance derived from Boris Karloff's performance in the 1931 film Frankenstein.

In the same year, a kiln of the same size was built in Frankenstein in the Silesian region, but the purpose of this kiln was to treat low-grade nickel ore, and it had a capacity for treating 80,000 tons a year.

1998, Akira Kudō, chapter 5, in J.A.A. Stockwin, editor, Japanese-German Business Relations: Co-operation and Rivalry in the Interwar Period, London: Routledge, published 2001, →ISBN, page 90:

Ząbkowice Śląskie
Ząbkowice Śląskie#English

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship#English

(historical) Former name of Ząbkowice Śląskie: a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland.


Abbeville

From French Abbeville, from Old French Abevile.

A town and commune of Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France.

Lafayette County
Lafayette County#English

A town in Lafayette County, Mississippi, United States.


Abbeville

→ English: Abbeville

→ Portuguese: Abbeville


Abbeville

[ɐ.βɨˈβi.lɨ]

Unadapted borrowing from French Abbeville.


Abington

en-proper noun

Abington (countable and uncountable, plural Abingtons)

From the Old English personal name Abba + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).

(uncountable) A number of places in the United States:

A town in Plymouth County, southeastern Massachusetts, south of Boston.


Nottingham

Inherited from Old English Snotingahām. The Normans found the consonant cluster /sn/ difficult to pronounce, so the initial S was dropped.

Prince George's County
Prince George's County#English

A small town in Prince George's County, Maryland.

Rockingham County
Rockingham County#English

A town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire.


Odessa

Borrowed from Russian Оде́сса (Odéssa), named after an Ancient Greek settlement thought to have been located nearby. Ancient Greek Ὀδησσός (Odēssós). Compare Ukrainian Оде́са (Odésa). The city was on the former Turkish territory of Yedisan, which may have influenced the choice of name. Yedisan means "seven titles" i.e. tribes, from yedi + san.

Odessa Oblast
Odessa Raion
en:Odessa
en:Odessa (disambiguation)

New Castle County
New Castle County#English

A small town in New Castle County, Delaware, United States.

A small town in Lincoln County, Washington, United States.


Texas

Borrowed from Spanish Texas (also Tejas), from Hasinai Caddo táyshaʔ (“friend, ally”), used to refer to the Caddo nation.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Marathon County, Wisconsin.

A rural town in southeastern Queensland, Australia.


Babylon

Partially inherited from Old English Babilōn/Babȳlōn, partially from Latin Babylōn, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, literally “Gate of God”); the name of the ancient Chaldean capital and Biblical city of the Apocalypse. Doublet of Babel.

der

A town and village therein, in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, United States.


Hannah

en-proper noun

Hannah (countable and uncountable, plural Hannahs)

desc

⇒ Danish: Hannah

⇒ Norwegian: Hannah

→ Portuguese: Hanna

desctree

⇒ Swedish: Hannah
→ Chinese: 漢娜 /汉娜 (Hànnà) (transliteration)

→ Tagalog: Hannah

From previous romanizations of Hebrew חַנָּה (Ḥannâ), chiefly for the mother of Samuel, from חַנָּה (ḥannâ, “grace, gracious, graced with child”). As a Wren with the Royal Marines, after Hannah Snell (1723–1792) who disguised herself as a man to serve in the British military. Doublet of Ann, Anne, Anna, and Ana.

Grand Traverse County
Grand Traverse County#English

A place name in the United States, which could be from the given name or surname:

A small town in Mayfield Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan.


Axminster

From Old English Acsan mynster, equivalent to the River Axe + minster.

A market town and civil parish with a town council in East Devon district, Devon, England (OS grid ref SY2998).


Avesta

Originally known as Åvsta. Compound of ave (“widening of a river”) + stad (“town”).

a town and municipality of Dalecarlia County, in central Sweden


Ryan

en-prop

Ryan (countable and uncountable, plural Ryans)

Ryans (plural)
O'Ryan (alternative)
Rian (alternative)
Ryann (alternative)
Ryanne (alternative)
Ryana (alternative)

Bryan

linguistically unrelated but often confused in spoken English

Jefferson County
Jefferson County#English

A town in Jefferson County, Oklahoma; named for early settler and rancher Stephen W. Ryan.


Tábor

cs-proper noun

Tábor m inan (relational adjective táborský, demonym Tábořan, female demonym Tábořanka)

táborský (adjective relational)
Tábořan (demonym)
Tábořanka (demonym feminine)
Tábor (nominative singular)
Tábora (genitive singular)
Táboru (dative singular)
Tábor (accusative singular)
Tábore (singular vocative)
Táboře (locative singular)
Táborem (instrumental singular)


Tábor

singular
nominative
Tábor
genitive
Tábora
dative
Táboru
accusative
locative
Tábore
instrumental
Táborom


Colombo

a town and municipality of Paraná, Brazil


Romeo

Borrowed from Italian Romeo, from Ancient Greek Ῥωμαῖος (Rhōmaîos, “Roman”).


San Sebastián

A town and municipality of San Vicente department, El Salvador.


San Sebastián

San Sebastián
San Sebastián#English:_Q383546

San Sebastián (a town and municipality of San Vicente department, El Salvador)


Смолян

bg-proper noun

Смо́лян • (Smóljan) m

Смо́лян (canonical)
Smóljan (romanization)

Smolyan (a town and ski resort in southern Bulgaria)


Смолян

ru-proper noun+

Смо́лян • (Smóljan) m inan (genitive Смо́ляна)

Смо́лян (canonical)
Smóljan (romanization)
Смо́ляна (genitive)
Смо́лян (nominative singular)
Смо́ляна (genitive singular)
Смо́ляну (dative singular)
Смо́лян (accusative singular)
Смо́ляном (instrumental singular)
Смо́ляне (prepositional singular)


Jones

en-prop

Jones (countable and uncountable, plural Joneses or Jonesses)

瓊斯 /琼斯

transliterations of the English name "Jones"

A number of places in the United States:


麒麟

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ lin³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

/ki⁵³⁻³³ l̃iŋ⁵³/

/ki²⁴⁻²² lin²⁴/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

/ki¹³⁻²² lin¹³/

/ki²³⁻³³ lin²³/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ lin³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

/ki⁵³⁻³³ l̃iŋ⁵³/

/ki²⁴⁻²² lin²⁴/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

/ki¹³⁻²² lin¹³/

/ki²³⁻³³ lin²³/

Old Chinese pronunciation for this word was *g(ɯ)-rin (Zhengzhang), and in pre-Qin times the beast was also referred to as
* 麟 (OC *rin),
* 麐 (OC *m·rin, *m·rins),
* 𪊓, or
* 蔽 (OC *peds),
the last two having been attested in the oracle bone script already.
There is much debate as to what animal the qilin beast was; some maintain that the qilin was a beast only found in mythology, even though it may have been based on some animal in pre-historic times, and some argue that the qilin was in reality the river deer, the ox or cow, or the Indian rhinoceros (Wang, 2009).
Janhunen (2011) tentatively compares 麒麟 (OC *ɡɯ rin) to a Northeast Asian etymon *kalimV, which denotes either "whale" or "mammoth"; however, he cautiously remarks that "[t]he formal and semantic similarity between *kilin < *gilin ~ *gïlin 'unicorn' and *kalimV 'whale' (but also Samoyedic *kalay- 'mammoth') is sufficient to support, though perhaps not confirm, the hypothesis of an etymological connection". He also notes a possible connection between Old Chinese and Mongolian (*)kers ~ (*)keris ~ (*)kiris "rhinoceros" (> Khalkha Mongolian хирс (xirs)).

(～鎮) Qilin (a town in Zongyang, Tongling, Anhui, China)


Alexandra

en-proper noun

Alexandra (countable and uncountable, plural Alexandras)

/ˌæ.lɪɡˈzæn.dɹə/

/ˌæ.lɪɡˈzɑn.dɹə/

/ˌæ.lɪɡˈzɑːn.dɹə/

54 Alexandra
Alexandra
Alexandra, New Zealand
Queen Alexandra

From Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρα (Alexándra), from ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend”) + ἀνδρ- (andr-, stem of ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”)). Feminine form of Alexander (“the man who repels [enemies]”).
The community in Prince Edward Island is named after Queen Alexandra (1844–1925).

af

stem of <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">ἀνήρ</i> (anḗr, “man”)


Labrador

/ˈlæb.ɹəˌdɔː(ɹ)/

/ˈlæb.ɹəˌdɔɹ/

Eponym of Portuguese explorer João Fernandes Lavrador, from Portuguese lavrador (“landholder, farmer”), ultimately from Latin labor (“work”).

拉布拉多

mainland portion of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador

A municipality and town in Pangasinan, Philippines.


Tulbagh

A small town situated in the Witzenberg Mountain Winelands of the Bolands, Western Cape province, South Africa.


Barry

Barry, Angus
Barry, Vale of Glamorgan
Baruc

In Wales, said to be named after Saint Baruc, who was buried on Barry Island, from Welsh Barrwg, a name of uncertain origin but possibly related to Irish barr (“hill, summit”).

A coastal town and community with a town council in Vale of Glamorgan borough county borough, Wales (OS grid ref ST1167).

Vale of Glamorgan
Vale of Glamorgan#English


Norman

From Middle English Norman, from Old English Norman (a variant of Norþman) and Old French Normant.
It is certain that the word is derived from the base of the Germanic words for north and the Germanic base of the words for man. However, given the frequent movement of Germanic groups especially into and out of Britain in the post-classical world, it is unclear in what tongue it came to be used first. In addition, the generally accepted meaning, a person from Normandy or one of the many French-speaking invaders to Britain, was used chiefly by Anglo-Norman and Old French, though it originally referred to any Scandinavian of the time. See also Northman.

Montgomery County
Montgomery County#English

A town in Richmond County, North Carolina.


Dana

Of uncertain origin. Possibly from Dawnay, or else an altered form of Dan or Daniel.

A town in Indiana; named for Charles Dana, a railroad official.


Dana

Transliterations from various languages.

दाना दाना#Nepali

A town in central-west Nepal, from Nepali दाना (dānā)


Hornburg

A town in Wolfenbüttel district, Lower Saxony, Germany.


Hornburg

de-proper noun

Hornburg n (proper noun, genitive Hornburgs or (optionally with an article) Hornburg)

Hornburgs (genitive)
Hornburg (genitive with-article)
Hornburg (definite nominative singular)
Hornburgs (definite genitive singular)
Hornburg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Hornburg (dative definite singular)
Hornburg (accusative definite singular)

Hornburg (a town in Wolfenbüttel district, Lower Saxony, Germany)


Anthony

From Latin Antōnius, name of a Roman gens (with excrescent -h- suggested by an unetymological association with Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”)). The Roman clan name is of uncertain etymology, but is not Greek or Hebrew; most likely of Etruscan origin, possibly derived from Ani, the Etruscan god of the sky. Doublet of Antoine.

A town in El Paso County, Texas, bordering onto Anthony, New Mexico.


Orion

From Middle English Orioun, from Latin Ōrīōn, from Ancient Greek Ὠρίων (Ōríōn), speculatively from Akkadian 𒌋𒊒𒀭𒈾 (Uru-anna, “heaven's light”), though without any firm evidence.

der

A town in Richland County, Wisconsin, United States.


Newcastle

[ˈnjʉˌkʰɑːsɫ̩]

From new + castle. Doublet of Neuchâtel.

A large market town in Staffordshire, England.

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

The former name of Toodyay, a town in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

A small seaside resort town in County Down, Northern Ireland.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town and census-designated place therein, in Lincoln County, Maine, United States.


Newcastle

Unadapted borrowing from English Newcastle.

ubor

Newcastle (The former name of Toodyay, a town in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia)

Newcastle, Newcastle-under-Lyme (a large market town in Staffordshire, England)

Newcastle (a small seaside resort town in County Down, Northern Ireland)

Newcastle (a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States)


Weld

A town in Franklin County, Maine, United States, named after Benjamin Weld.


Santa Claus

Santa Clauses (plural)
Santa Clause (alternative)
Santaclaus (alternative)
Santa Klaus (alternative)
Santiclaus (alternative)
Santy Claus (alternative)
Santeclaus (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch Sinterklaas (“Saint Nicholas”). Doublet of Sinterklaas.

bor+

A town in Spencer County, Indiana. Original name: Santa Fe.


Murray

en-proper noun

Murray (countable and uncountable, plural Murrays)

Scottish surname derived from the place name Moray in northeastern Scotland, from Medieval Latin Moravia, Morauia, from Scottish Gaelic Moireibh, Moireabh, Moreb, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *mori (“sea”) + *trebā (“settlement”).

A number of places in the United States:


Murray

Unadapted borrowing from English Murray.

a town in Orleans County, New York, United States