バンダルスリブガワン

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital of Brunei)


バンギ

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English

Bangui (the capital city of the Central African Republic)


バンジュール

ja-pos

バンジュール • (Banjūru)


Paríž

sk-proper noun

Paríž m inan (genitive singular Paríža, declension pattern of stroj)

Paríža (genitive singular)
stroj (declension-pattern-of)
Paríž (nominative singular-only)
Paríža (genitive singular-only)
Parížu (dative singular-only)
Paríž (accusative singular-only)
Paríži (locative singular-only)
Parížom (instrumental singular-only)

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


バステール

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English

Basseterre (the capital of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


Pjöngjang

de-proper noun

Pjöngjang n (proper noun, genitive Pjöngjangs or (optionally with an article) Pjöngjang)

Pjöngjangs (genitive)
Pjöngjang (genitive with-article)
Pjöngjang (definite nominative singular)
Pjöngjangs (definite genitive singular)
Pjöngjang (definite genitive singular with-article)
Pjöngjang (dative definite singular)
Pjöngjang (accusative definite singular)

Borrowed from Korean 평양 (Pyeong'yang, “flat land”).


Meksikobýur

Meksikobýur (indefinite nominative)
Meksikobý (accusative indefinite)
Meksikobýi (dative indefinite)
Meksikobýar (genitive indefinite)

Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


Berlim

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Abu-Dabio

From Arabic أَبُو ظَبْي (ʔabū ẓaby, “father of the gazelle”).

der

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates; capital city of Abu Dhabi emirate, United Arab Emirates)


Ajuno

From Spanish El Aaiún, from Arabic اَلْعُيُون (al-ʕuyūn, “the springs”).

El Aaiún (the capital city of Western Sahara)


Alĝero

From French Alger, from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers.

اَلْجَزَائِر


Andoro Malnova

From Catalan Andorra la Vella (“Andorra the Old”).

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella#English

Andorra la Vella (the capital city of Andorra)


Aŝgabato

Ashgabat (the capital city of Turkmenistan)


Asmaro

From Tigrinya ኣስመራ (ʾasmära, “the four made them unite”).


Asunciono

From Spanish Asunción (“assumption (of the Virgin Mary to Heaven)”).


Avaruo

Avarua (a town, the capital city of the Cook Islands)


Bandar-Seri-Begavano

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


Bankoko

Ultimately from Thai บางกอก (baang-gɔ̀ɔk).


Bangio

Holonym: Centr-Afrika Respubliko


Banĵulo

From English Banjul, from Mandinka ߓߊ߲߬ߖߎߟ.


Suda Taravo

eo-head

Suda Taravo (accusative singular Sudan Taravon, plural Sudaj Taravoj, accusative plural Sudajn Taravojn)

Sudan Taravon (accusative singular)
Sudaj Taravoj (plural)
Sudajn Taravojn (accusative plural)

South Tarawa (the capital city of Kiribati)


Bastero

Basseterre (the capital city of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


Biŝkeko

Bishkek (the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


Braziljo

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


Brazavilo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Brazzaville (the capital city of the Republic of the Congo)


Briĝtaŭno

Bridgetown (the capital city of Barbados)


Bonaero

bona + aero, a calque of Spanish Buenos Aires.

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


Buĵumburo

Holonym: Burundo


Dakaro

Holonym: Senegalo


Ĝibuto

bor

Arabic جِيبُوتِي (jībūtī)


Dodomao

From Gogo Dodoma (literally “it has sunk”).


Doho

From Arabic اَلدَّوْحَة (ad-dawḥa, literally “the big tree”), dialectally pronounced ad-dōḥa.


Duŝanbeo

From Tajik душанбе (dušanbe, “Monday”). Cognate with Persian دوشنبه (došanbe), from دو (do) + شنبه (šanbe), meaning the second day after Saturday.

Holonyms: Taĝikio, Taĝikistano, Taĝikujo

Dushanbe (the capital city of Tajikistan)


Fritaŭno

Freetown (the capital city of Sierra leone)


Gaberono

Holonym: Bocvano


Gvatemalurbo

Calque of Spanish Ciudad de Guatemala (literally “City of Guatemala”), formed from Gvatemalo + urbo.

cal

Holonym: Gvatemalo (“Guatemala”)

Guatemala City (the capital city of Guatemala)


Hanojo

From Vietnamese Hà Nội, which is a Sino-Vietnamese word 河內 (literally “between rivers”).


Harareo

From English Harare, from Shona [Term?].

Holonym: Zimbabvo


Hargejso

Probably from English Hargeisa, from Arabic هَرْجِيسَا (harjīsā, literally “little Harar”).

der

Hargeisa (the capital city of Somaliland)


Honiaro

Holonym: Salomonoj

Honiara (the capital city of the Solomon Islands)


Jamusukro

Yamoussoukro (the capital city of Ivory Coast)


Jaundeo

Holonym: Kameruno


Kampalo

Borrowed from English Kampala, a shortening of Luganda Akasozi ke'Empala, itself a translation of "The Hill of the Impala", a name given by British colonial officers to what is now Kampala Hill.


Katmanduo

Katmanduon (accusative)
Katmando (alternative)

Nepali काठमाडौं (kāṭhmāḍa͠u)

Holonym: Nepalo


Katmando

Katmandon (accusative)
Katmanduo (alternative)

Nepali काठमाडौं (kāṭhmāḍa͠u)

Holonym: Nepalo


Ĥartumo

Either from Arabic خَرْطُوم (ḵarṭūm, “elephant's trunk”) or قُرْطُم (qurṭum, “safflower”).


Kingstaŭno

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

Kingstown (the capital city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)


Kinŝaso

Holonym: Demokratia Respubliko Kongo

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Kinshasa (the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Kuala-Lumpuro

Holonym: Malajzio

Kuala Lumpur (the capital city of Malaysia)


Kuvajturbo

Holonym: Kuvajto (“Kuwait”)

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


La-Pazo

From Spanish La Paz (literally “the Peace”).


La-Valo

The Valley (a town, the capital city of Anguilla)


Librevilo

Holonym: Gabono


Lilongvo

Lilongwe (a city, the capital city of Malawi)


Lomeo

Holonym: Togolando


කැන්බරා

head

කැන්බරා • (kænbarā)

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Manamo

der

اَلْمَنَامَة


Manilo

Holonym: Filipinoj

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)


Podgoricë

Podgorica (definite)
Podgoricë (indefinite nominative singular)
Podgorica (definite nominative singular)
Podgoricë (accusative indefinite singular)
Podgoricën (accusative definite singular)
Podgorice (indefinite singular)
Podgoricës (definite singular)


Barliń

dsb-proper noun

Barliń m inan (genitive singular Barlinja)

Barlinja (genitive singular)
Barliń (nominative singular uncountable)
Barlinja (genitive singular uncountable)
Barlinjoju (dative singular uncountable)
Barliń (accusative singular uncountable)
Barlinjom (instrumental singular uncountable)
Barlinju (locative singular uncountable)

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Mogadiŝo

Probably from English Mogadishu, from Somali Muqdishu, from Persian مقعد شاه (“Maq’ad-i-šah”, literally “the seat of the Shah”).

der

Holonym: Somalio


Bouonézâr

(Jersey) Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


Montevidéu

Montevideo (the capital city of Uruguay)


Mascara

From Arabic مُعَسْكَر (muʕaskar, “encampment”), from عَسْكَر (ʕaskar, “soldiers, army”).

uder

A city and provincial capital in northwestern Algeria.


Saint Mathîn

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Rím

sk-proper noun

Rím m inan (relational adjective rímsky, demonym Riman, female demonym Rimanka)

rímsky (adjective relational)
Riman (demonym)
Rimanka (demonym feminine)
Rím (nominative singular-only)
Ríma (genitive singular-only)
Rímu (dative singular-only)
Rím (accusative singular-only)
Ríme (locative singular-only)
Rímom (instrumental singular-only)


Wakinekona

Washington (the capital city of the United States)


Palika

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Lākana

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


アテネ

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:アテネ
ja:松村明

Learned borrowing from Latin Athēnae, from Ancient Greek Ἀθῆναι (Athênai).

Athens (a city, the capital city of Greece)


Абидјан

А̀бидјан (canonical masculine)
Àbidjan (romanization)
Абидјан (nominative singular)
Абидјана (genitive singular)
Абидјану (dative singular)
Абидјан (accusative singular)
Абидјане (singular vocative)
Абидјану (locative singular)
Абидјаном (instrumental singular)
А̀биџан (alternative)

(Bosnia, Croatia) Abidjan (the de-facto capital city of Ivory Coast)


エルサレム

[e̞ɾɯ̟sa̠ɾe̞mɯ̟]

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Singapuro

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Đông Kinh

→ English: Tonkin

→ French: Tonkin

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Đông Kinh.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東京, composed of 東 (“eastern”) and 京 (“capital”).

vi-etym-sino

Đông Kinh Nghĩa thục

(historical) former name of Hanoi, capital city of Vietnam

Thủ đô của Nhật là Tô-ki-ô (Đông Kinh), tên cũ là Ê-đô (Giang Hộ), nằm về phía đông đảo lớn Hôn-xiu.

1981, Nghiên cứu Nghệ thuật [Research into Art]:

Japan's capital is Tokyo, formerly known as Edo, located to the west of Honshu.

Phú Sĩ sơn là ngọn núi cao nhất và đẹp của Nhật Bản ở gần Đông Kinh (Tô-ki-ô); Hồ Tỳ Bà cũng là cảnh đẹp có tiếng của Nhật Bản ở gần Kyoto.

1997, Vũ Văn Sạch with Vũ Thị Minh Hương and Philippe Papin, VĂN THƠ ĐÔNG KINH NGHĨA THỤC [POSE AND POETRY FROM TONKIN FREE SCHOOL], Nhà xuất bản Văn hóa, page 149:

Mount Fuji is the highest and most beautiful mountain in Japan, located near Tokyo; Lake Biwa is also a notably beautiful feature of Japan, near Kyoto.

Obsolete form of Tô-ki-ô (“Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)”).


Ámsterdam

Amsterdam (the capital city of the Netherlands)


Tiranë

Tirana (definite)
Tiranë (indefinite nominative singular)
Tirana (definite nominative singular)
Tiranë (accusative indefinite singular)
Tiranën (accusative definite singular)
Tirane (indefinite singular)
Tiranës (definite singular)
Tironë (alternative)

→ Aromanian: Tiranã, Tirane

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Tiranë, Tirana

From older Terrana (in Latin sources), from Proto-Albanian *Tūrsanā, either reflecting or possibly from Doric Greek Τυρσανοί (Tursanoí)/Τυρσανοί (Tursanoí), an epithet used to denote the inhabitants of the Tyrrhenian Sea (cf. Latin Mare Tyrrhēnum). see toskë, another ethnonym derived from Etruscans.

Tirana (the capital and largest city of Albania)


ダカール

[da̠ka̠ːɾɯ̟]


מאָסקווע

head

מאָסקווע • (moskve) f

yi-proper noun

מאָסקווע • (moskve) f

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


בערלין

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Mosku

Ang Mosku ay ang kabisera, pinakamataong lungsod at pinakamataong lipunang pederal ng Rusya.

Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia.


Тифлис

ru-proper noun+

Тифли́с • (Tiflís) m inan (genitive Тифли́са)

Тифли́с (canonical)
Tiflís (romanization)
Тифли́са (genitive)
Тифли́с (nominative singular)
Тифли́са (genitive singular)
Тифли́су (dative singular)
Тифли́с (accusative singular)
Тифли́сом (instrumental singular)
Тифли́се (prepositional singular)
Тифли́съ (alternative)

(historical) Tiflis (historical name of Tbilisi, the capital city of the country of Georgia)


Тифлис

head

Тифлис • (Tiflis) (Persian spelling تفلیس)

Tiflis (romanization)
spelling تفلیس (Persian)

Tbilisi (the capital city of the country of Georgia)


ドゥシャンベ

Dushanbe (the capital city of Tajikistan)


レイキャビク

[ɾe̞ːkʲa̠bʲikɯ̟]


テグシガルパ

[te̞ɡɯ̟ɕiɡa̠ɾɯ̟pa̠]

Tegucigalpa (the capital city of Honduras)


ティンプー

ja-pos

ティンプー • (Tinpū)


ティラスポリ

Tiraspol (the capital city of Transnistria)


ᠲᠧᠾᠷᠠᠨ

head

ᠲᠧᠾᠷᠠᠨ • (tēhran) (Cyrillic spelling Тегеран)

tēhran (romanization)
Тегеран (Cyrillic)


Amesterdão

/ɐ.mɨʃ.tɛɾˈdɐ̃w̃/

[ɐ.mɨʃ.tɛɾˈðɐ̃w̃]

Borrowed from Dutch Amsterdam, from the river Amstel + dam (“dam”).

Amsterdão (alternative)
Amsterdã (alternative)
Amesterdã (alternative)
Amsterdam (alternative)


Ancara

Ankara (the capital city and province of Turkey)


Ancara

Ankara (alternative)
Angora (alternative)


Banguecoque

/bɐ̃.ɡɨˈkɔ.kɨ/


Bruxelas

/bɾuˈʃɛ.lɐʃ/

/bɾuˈʃɛ.lɐʃ/


Caiena

Cayenne (the capital city of French Guiana)


Cartum

Khartoum (alternative)
Kartum (alternative)
Khartum (alternative)
Kartoum (alternative)


Cidade do México

Calque of Mexican Spanish Ciudad de México.

calque

Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


Copenhaga

Copenhague (alternative)
Copenhaguem (alternative)
Copenhaguen (alternative)

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Copenhaga

Borrowed from French Copenhague, ultimately from Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.


Dublim

Borrowed from English Dublin, from Old Irish dubh linn (“black pond”).


Jacarta

Jakarta (a province and capital city of Indonesia)


Madri

Madride (alternative)
Madrid (alternative)


Madride

Madride (nominative singular)
Madrides (genitive singular)
Madridei (dative singular)
Madridi (accusative singular)
Madridi (instrumental singular)
Madridē (locative singular)
Madride (singular vocative)

Madride ir Spānijas galvaspilsēta


Madride

From Old Galician-Portuguese Madride, of uncertain origin.


Porto Príncipe

Port-au-Prince (the capital city of Haiti)


Porto de Espanha

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

Port of Spain (the capital city of Trinidad and Tobago)


Titogrado

Titograd, Podgorica (the capital city of Montenegro)


Tunes

(Portugal) Tunis (the capital city of Tunisia)


Vienciana

(Portugal) Vientiane (the capital city of Laos)


エディンバラ

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)

ja:エディンバラ (曖昧さ回避)


Viedeň

sk-proper noun

Viedeň f (genitive singular Viedne, declension pattern of dlaň)

Viedne (genitive singular)
dlaň (declension-pattern-of)
Viedeň (nominative singular-only)
Viedne (genitive singular-only)
Viedni (dative singular-only)
Viedeň (accusative singular-only)
Viedni (locative singular-only)
Viedňou (instrumental singular-only)


북경

Sino-Korean word from 북(北) (buk, “north”) + 경(京) (gyeong, “capital”).


スコピエ

Skopje (a city, the capital city of North Macedonia)


Mogadíscio

Mogadixo (alternative)
Mogadishu (alternative)


Copenhaguen

Borrowed from Low German Kopenhagen, a calque (perhaps modified by folk etymology) of Danish København.


Erevã

Erevan (alternative)
Erevão (alternative)
Ierevan (alternative)
Ierevã (alternative)


Quieve

Kiev (alternative)
Kyiv (alternative)
Kieve (alternative)
Quive (alternative)
Quiev (alternative)


Saraievo

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Sarajevo (the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Zagrebe

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


Աբիջան

head

Աբիջան • (Abiǰan)

hy-proper noun

Աբիջան • (Abiǰan)

Abiǰan (romanization)
Աբիջան (nominative singular singular-only)
Աբիջանի (dative singular singular-only)
Աբիջանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Աբիջանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Աբիջանում (locative singular singular-only)
Աբիջանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Աբիջանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Աբիջանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Աբիջանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Աբիջանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Աբիջանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Աբիջանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Աբիջանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Աբիջանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբիջանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբիջանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբիջանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբիջանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Աբիջանը/Աբիջանն

Աբիջանները/Աբիջաններն

Աբիջաններում

Աբիջաններիցս

Աբիջաններովս

Աբիջաններումս

Աբիջաններիցդ

Աբիջաններովդ

Աբիջաններումդ

[ɑpʰit͡ʃʰɑ́n]

Abidjan (the capital city of Ivory Coast)


Աբու Դաբի

hy:Աբու Դաբի

head

Աբու Դաբի • (Abu Dabi)

hy-proper noun

Աբու Դաբի • (Abu Dabi)

Abu Dabi (romanization)
Աբու Դաբի (nominative singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիի (dative singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիից (ablative singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիում (locative singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբին (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբու Դաբիումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Աբու Զաբի (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Աբու Դաբիներ

Աբու Դաբիները/Աբու Դաբիներն

Աբու Դաբիների

Աբու Դաբիներին

Աբու Դաբիներից

Աբու Դաբիներով

Աբու Դաբիում

Աբու Դաբիներում

Աբու Դաբիներս

Աբու Դաբիներիս

Աբու Դաբիիցս

Աբու Դաբիներիցս

Աբու Դաբիովս

Աբու Դաբիներովս

Աբու Դաբիումս

Աբու Դաբիներումս

Աբու Դաբիներդ

Աբու Դաբիներիդ

Աբու Դաբիիցդ

Աբու Դաբիներիցդ

Աբու Դաբիովդ

Աբու Դաբիներովդ

Աբու Դաբիումդ

Աբու Դաբիներումդ

[ɑpʰú tʰɑ́pʰi]

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates; capital city of Abu Dhabi emirate)


海牙

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ ŋaː²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ ŋaː²¹/

Probably from French La Haye or Portuguese Haia.

The Hague (the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


海牙

ja-pos

海牙(ハーグ) • (Hāgu)


Brissõl

Brissõl (nominative singular)
Brissõl (genitive singular)
Brissõlt (partitive singular)
Brissõlõn (dative singular)
Brissõlõks (instrumental singular)
Brissõlõ (illative singular)
Brissõlõs (inessive singular)
Brissõls (inessive singular)
Brissõlõst (elative singular)
Brissõlst (elative singular)

Compare Latvian Brisele, Estonian Brüssel.

Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Brissõl – Brüssel – Brisele
Brussels – Brussels – Brussels


雷克雅維克

ㄌㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄧㄚˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵ ŋaː¹³ wɐi̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵/

/le²² kʰəʔ⁵⁵ ia³³ vi³³ kʰəʔ²¹/

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵ ŋaː¹³ wɐi̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵/

/le²² kʰəʔ⁵⁵ ia³³ vi³³ kʰəʔ²¹/

(Taiwan) Reykjavík (the capital city of Iceland)


奧斯陸

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³ liɔk̚²⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚¹²¹/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ sz̩⁵⁵ loʔ²¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³ liɔk̚²⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚¹²¹/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ sz̩⁵⁵ loʔ²¹/


哥本哈根

ㄍㄜ ㄅㄣˇ ㄏㄚ ㄍㄣ

Гэбэньхагэнь

/kɤ⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ puːn³⁵ haː⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kun⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kin⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kin⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/ku⁵⁵ pən³³ ha³³ kən²¹/

/kɤ⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ puːn³⁵ haː⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kun⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kin⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kin⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/ku⁵⁵ pən³³ ha³³ kən²¹/

From English Copenhagen, from Low German Kopenhagen, calque of Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.


コペンハーゲン

ja:コペンハーゲン (曖昧さ回避)


地拉那

/ti⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tei̯²² laːi̯⁵⁵ naː¹³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² la³³ nã⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ la⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/

/ti⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tei̯²² laːi̯⁵⁵ naː¹³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² la³³ nã⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ la⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/

Tirana (the capital and largest city of Albania)


貝爾格萊德

ㄅㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄞˊ ㄉㄜˊ

Бэйэргэлайдэ

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/puːi̯³³ jiː¹³ kaːk̚³ lɔːi̯²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/pue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ lai¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/pe³³ ɦəl⁵⁵ kaʔ³³ le³³ təʔ²¹/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/puːi̯³³ jiː¹³ kaːk̚³ lɔːi̯²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/pe³³ ɦəl⁵⁵ kaʔ³³ le³³ təʔ²¹/

(Mainland China) Belgrade (the capital city of Serbia)


布魯塞爾

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙㄜˋ ㄦˇ

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ jiː¹³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³/

/pu³³ lu⁵⁵ se³³ ɦəl²¹/

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ jiː¹³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³/

/pu³³ lu⁵⁵ se³³ ɦəl²¹/


ブリュッセル

[bɯ̟ɾʲɨsːe̞ɾɯ̟]

Borrowed from French Bruxelles, or possibly from Dutch Brussel.

Brussels (a city, the capital city and a region of Belgium)


ベルン

Bern (the capital city of Switzerland; capital city of Bern canton)


貝魯特

/peɪ̯⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/puːi̯³³ lou̯¹³ tɐk̚²/

/pue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue¹¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/pue²¹⁻⁴¹ lɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/puːi̯³³ lou̯¹³ tɐk̚²/

/pue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue¹¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/pue²¹⁻⁴¹ lɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/


薩拉熱窩

ㄙㄚˋ ㄌㄚ ㄖㄜˋ ㄨㄛ

/sä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʐɤ⁵¹ wɔ⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiːt̚² wɔː⁵⁵/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴⁻³² o⁴⁴/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ la³³ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² o³³/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ la⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ o⁴⁴/

/saʔ³³ la⁵⁵ n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ u²¹/

/sä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʐɤ⁵¹ wɔ⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiːt̚² wɔː⁵⁵/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴⁻³² o⁴⁴/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ la³³ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² o³³/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ la⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ o⁴⁴/

/saʔ³³ la⁵⁵ n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ u²¹/

(Mainland China) Sarajevo (the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


サラエボ

Saraebo (romanization)
Sarawevo (romanization)
サラヱヺ (historical katakana)


サライェヴォ

Borrowed from English or Serbo-Croatian Sarajevo.


薩格勒布

ㄙㄚˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄅㄨˋ

/sä⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ liak̚²⁴⁻² pɔ⁴¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² pɔ²¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pɔ²¹/

/saʔ³³ kaʔ⁵⁵ ləʔ³³ pu²¹/

/sä⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ liak̚²⁴⁻² pɔ⁴¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² pɔ²¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pɔ²¹/

/saʔ³³ kaʔ⁵⁵ ləʔ³³ pu²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Zagreb (the capital city of Croatia)


盧布爾雅那

ㄌㄨˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄦˇ ㄧㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ

/lu³⁵ pu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/lou̯²¹ pou̯³³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nã⁴¹/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nã⁵³/

/lɔ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɛ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nã⁵³/

/lu²² pu⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ ia³³ na²¹/

/lu³⁵ pu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/lou̯²¹ pou̯³³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nã⁵³/

/lu²² pu⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ ia³³ na²¹/

(Mainland China) Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


波德戈里察

ㄅㄛ ㄉㄜˊ ㄍㄜ ㄌㄧˇ ㄔㄚˊ

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ kʷɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/pʰo³³ tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔ³³ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰat̚⁵/

/po⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ko⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰat̚³²/

/pʰo⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ ko⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰat̚³²/

/pu⁵⁵ təʔ³³ ku³³ li³³ t͡sʰaʔ²¹/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ kʷɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/pu⁵⁵ təʔ³³ ku³³ li³³ t͡sʰaʔ²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Podgorica (the capital city of Montenegro)


瓦杜茲

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ tou̯²² t͡siː⁵⁵/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²² t͡sɯ³³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ŋo²² du⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ tou̯²² t͡siː⁵⁵/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²² t͡sɯ³³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ŋo²² du⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

(Mainland China) Vaduz (the capital city of Liechtenstein)


ウェリントン

[β̞e̞ɾʲĩntõ̞ɴ]


莫爾茲比港

ㄇㄛˋ ㄦˇ ㄗ ㄅㄧˇ ㄍㄤˇ

Моэрцзыби ган

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English

Port Moresby (the capital of Papua New Guinea)


斯里巴加灣

ㄙ ㄌㄧˇ ㄅㄚ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄨㄢ

Сыли Бацзявань

/sz̩⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/sɯ³³ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pa³³ ka³³ uan³³/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/sz̩⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/sɯ³³ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pa³³ ka³³ uan³³/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

(Mainland Chinese) Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


廷布

/tʰiŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/tʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/

/tiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ¹¹/

/tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ pɔ²¹/

/tʰiŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/tʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/

/tiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ¹¹/

/tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ pɔ²¹/

Borrowed from Dzongkha ཐིམ་ཕུ (thim phu).

(Mainland China) Thimphu (the capital city of Bhutan)


哈瓦那

/xä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

/xä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

Havana (a city, the capital city of Cuba)


ハバナ

Ultimately from Spanish La Habana, in turn from Taíno Habaguanex.
Japanese sources list the term as a borrowing of Havana, but do not indicate the source language.
The term is first cited to the early 1890s. This would suggest that the term was borrowed from English Havana, since the ⟨ h ⟩ in Spanish has been silent for centuries. Considering that the pitch accent is on the first mora, the borrowing was likely via the written rather than the spoken form, as the accent on the second syllable in either Spanish or English would likely result in a higher pitch on the second mora instead.


ブラチスラヴァ

[bɯ̟ɾa̠t͡ɕisɨɾa̠ba̠]

Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia)


ブラチスラバ

[bɯ̟ɾa̠t͡ɕisɨ̥ɾa̠ba̠]


達卡

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

Dhaka (a city, the capital city of Bangladesh)


達卡

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

(chiefly Taiwan) Dakar (a city, the capital city of Senegal)


馬累

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lɵy̯²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lɵy̯²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

(Mainland China) Malé (a city, the capital city of the Maldives)


帝力

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/tɐi̯³³ lɪk̚²/

/te⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liak̚²⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚¹²¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/tɐi̯³³ lɪk̚²/

/te⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liak̚²⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚¹²¹/

(Mainland China) Dili (a city, the capital city of East Timor)


ドーハ

ドーハ • (Dōha)

Doha (a city, the capital city of Qatar)


麥納麥

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɐk̚² naːp̚² mɐk̚²/

/biak̚²⁴⁻² lap̚²⁴⁻² biak̚²⁴/

/biɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ biɪk̚¹²¹/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² lap̚⁴⁻³² biɪk̚⁴/

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɐk̚² naːp̚² mɐk̚²/

/biak̚²⁴⁻² lap̚²⁴⁻² biak̚²⁴/

/biɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ biɪk̚¹²¹/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² lap̚⁴⁻³² biɪk̚⁴/

(Mainland China) Manama (a city, the capital city of Bahrain)


馬斯喀特

ㄇㄚˇ ㄙ ㄎㄚ ㄊㄜˋ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː³³ tɐk̚²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ³³ kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː³³ tɐk̚²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ³³ kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/


尼科西亞

ㄋㄧˊ ㄎㄜ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄋㄧˊ ㄎㄜ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˇ

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ fɔː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰə³³ se³³ a³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi²² kʰu⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ fɔː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰə³³ se³³ a³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi²² kʰu⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

(Mainland China) Nicosia (the capital city of Cyprus)


利雅得

/li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/lei̯²² ŋaː¹³ tɐk̚⁵/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ŋã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚⁵/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋɛ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/lei̯²² ŋaː¹³ tɐk̚⁵/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ŋã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚⁵/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋɛ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Riyadh (the capital city of Saudi Arabia)


亞松森

/jä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/

Asunción (a city, the capital city of Paraguay)


波哥大

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/


巴西利亞

ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² aː³³/

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² aː³³/

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


卡拉卡斯

ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄚˇ ㄙ

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/


利馬

/li⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁴¹⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴/

/li²²⁻²¹ mã⁵³/

/li⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁴¹⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴/

/li²²⁻²¹ mã⁵³/


リマ

ja:リマ (曖昧さ回避)


蒙得維的亞

ㄇㄥˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄉㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

/mɤŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ti³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mɤŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ti³⁵ jä⁵¹/

Montevideo (a city, the capital city of Uruguay)


基多

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/


拉巴斯

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/


比勒陀利亞

ㄅㄧˇ ㄌㄜˋ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

Pretoria (a city, the administrative capital of South Africa)


拉巴特

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

Rabat (the capital city of Morocco, and capital city of the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco)


プレトリア

[pɯ̟ɾe̞to̞ɾʲia̠]


喀土穆

/kʰä⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/kʰä⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/


ハルツーム

[ha̠ɾɯ̟t͡sɨːmɯ̟]


開普敦

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰou̯³⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰou̯³⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

Cape Town (a city, the legislative capital of South Africa)


布隆方丹

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄈㄤ ㄉㄢ

Булунфандань

/pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/

From Afrikaans Bloemfontein. Doublet of 布隆泉 (Bùlóngquán).

(chiefly Mainland China, Hong Kong) Bloemfontein (a major city and judicial capital of South Africa)


阿爾及爾

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


金沙薩

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ saːt̚³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ saːt̚³/

(Mainland China) Kinshasa (a city, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


哈拉雷

/xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/

/xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/


阿布賈

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ kaː³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ kaː³⁵/

Abuja (a city, the capital city of Nigeria)


阿克拉

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/


阿斯馬拉

/ˀä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/


安曼

/ˀän⁵⁵ män⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ maːn²²/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² ban²²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ män⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ maːn²²/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² ban²²/

Amman (a city, the capital city of Jordan)


巴馬科

/pä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/


班吉

/pän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/pän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

Bangui (the capital of the Central African Republic)


班珠爾

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Mainland China) Banjul (the capital of the Gambia)


貝爾莫潘

ㄅㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄇㄛˋ ㄆㄢ

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu̯ɔ⁵¹ pʰän⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu̯ɔ⁵¹ pʰän⁵⁵/


比紹

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/


布拉柴維爾

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄔㄞˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

Булачайвэйэр

/pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Brazzaville (the capital of the Republic of the Congo)


布瓊布拉

ㄅㄨˋ ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ kʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ la³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ kʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ la³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Bujumbura (a city, the capital city of Burundi)


加拉加斯

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄙ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/


盧薩卡

/lu³⁵ sä⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²¹ saːt̚³ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/lu³⁵ sä⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²¹ saːt̚³ kʰaː⁵⁵/

Lusaka (a city, the capital city of Zambia)


羅安達

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an³³ tat̚²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚¹²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an³³ tat̚²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚¹²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

Luanda (a city, the capital city of Angola)


亞的斯亞貝巴

ㄧㄚˋ ㄉㄧˊ ㄙ ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄟˋ ㄅㄚ

/jä⁵¹ ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Addis Ababa (a city, the capital city of Ethiopia)


達喀爾

/tä³⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː³³ jiː¹³/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ nĩ⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zĩ⁵³/

/tä³⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː³³ jiː¹³/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ nĩ⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zĩ⁵³/

Dakar (a city, the capital city of Senegal)


哈博羅內

ㄏㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄟˋ

/xä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/xä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/


基加利

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Kigali (the capital of Rwanda)


蒙羅維亞

ㄇㄥˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄚˋ

/mɤŋ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mɤŋ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/


特古西加爾巴

ㄊㄜˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄒㄧ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄚ

Тэгусицзяэрба

/tʰɤ⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚² kuː³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ paː⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚² kuː³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ paː⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Tegucigalpa (a city, the capital city of Honduras)


摩加迪沙

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄧˊ ㄕㄚ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore) Mogadishu (the capital of Somalia)


路易港

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


Лондан

be-proper noun

Ло́ндан • (Lóndan) m inan (genitive Ло́ндана, uncountable, relational adjective ло́нданскі)

Ло́ндан (canonical)
Lóndan (romanization)
Ло́ндана (genitive)
ло́нданскі (adjective relational)
Ло́ндан (nominative singular)
Ло́ндана (genitive singular)
Ло́ндану (dative singular)
Ло́ндан (accusative singular)
Ло́нданам (instrumental singular)
Ло́ндане (locative singular)
Лёндан (alternative)

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Парыж

be-noun

Пары́ж • (Parýž) m inan (genitive Пары́жа, uncountable, relational adjective пары́жскі)

Пары́ж (canonical)
Parýž (romanization)
Пары́жа (genitive)
пары́жскі (adjective relational)
Пары́ж (nominative singular)
Пары́жа (genitive singular)
Пары́жу (dative singular)
Пары́ж (accusative singular)
Пары́жам (instrumental singular)
Пары́жы (locative singular)
Paryž (alternative)


Հանոյ

Hanoy (romanization)
Հանոյ (nominative singular singular-only)
Հանոյի (dative singular singular-only)
Հանոյից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հանոյով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հանոյում (locative singular singular-only)
Հանոյը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հանոյն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հանոյին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հանոյս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հանոյիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հանոյիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հանոյովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հանոյումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հանոյդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հանոյիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հանոյիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հանոյովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հանոյումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հանոյը/Հանոյն

Հանոյները/Հանոյներն

Հանոյներումս

Հանոյներումդ


Пекін

be-proper noun

Пекі́н • (Pjekín) m inan (genitive Пекі́на, uncountable)

Пекі́н (canonical)
Pjekín (romanization)
Пекі́на (genitive)
Пекі́н (nominative singular)
Пекі́на (genitive singular)
Пекі́ну (dative singular)
Пекі́н (accusative singular)
Пекі́нам (instrumental singular)
Пекі́не (locative singular)
Пэкі́н (alternative)


Пекін

head

Пекі́н • (Pekín) m

rue-noun

Пекі́н • (Pekín) m


Пекін

uk-proper noun

Пекі́н • (Pekín) m inan (genitive Пекі́на, uncountable, relational adjective пекі́нський)

Пекі́н (canonical)
Pekín (romanization)
Пекі́на (genitive)
пекі́нський (adjective relational)
Пекі́н (nominative singular)
Пекі́на (genitive singular)
Пекі́нові (dative singular)
Пекі́ну (dative singular)
Пекі́н (accusative singular)
Пекі́ном (instrumental singular)
Пекі́ну (locative singular)
Пекі́ні (locative singular)
Пекі́не (singular vocative)


Ľubľana

sk-proper noun

Ľubľana f (genitive singular Ľubľany, declension pattern of žena)

Ľubľany (genitive singular)
žena (declension-pattern-of)
Ľubľana (nominative singular-only)
Ľubľany (genitive singular-only)
Ľubľane (dative singular-only)
Ľubľanu (accusative singular-only)
Ľubľane (locative singular-only)
Ľubľanou (instrumental singular-only)

Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


Svätý Tomáš

sk-noun

Svätý Tomáš m inan (genitive singular Svätého Tomáša, declension pattern of dub)

Svätého Tomáša (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Svätý Tomáš (nominative singular-only)
Svätého Tomáša (genitive singular-only)
Svätému Tomášu (dative singular-only)
Svätý Tomáš (accusative singular-only)
Svätom Tomáši (locative singular-only)
Svätým Tomášom (instrumental singular-only)

São Tomé and Principe
São Tomé and Principe#English

São Tomé (the capital city of São Tomé and Principe)


ໂຕກຽວ

head

ໂຕກຽວ • (tō kiāu)

[toː˩˨.kiːə̯w˩˨]

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


ສິງກະໂປ

lo-proper noun

ສິງກະໂປ • (sing ka pō)

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


ກົວລາລຳເປີ

ກົວລາລຳເປີ • (kūa lā lam pœ̄)

kūa lā lam pœ̄ (romanization)
ກົວລະລຳເປີ (alternative)

[kuːə̯˩˨.laː˩˨.lam˩˨.pɤː˩˨]

ກົວ-ລາ-ລຳ-ເປີ

Kuala Lumpur (the capital city of Malaysia)


ມະນີລາ

ມະນີລາ • (ma nī lā)

ma nī lā (romanization)
ມານິລາ (alternative)

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)


ܐܘܪܫܠܡ

aii-proper-noun

ܐܘܿܪܫܠܸܡ • (ōršlim) f

ܐܘܿܪܫܠܸܡ (canonical)
ōršlim (romanization)

From Aramaic אוּרְשׁלֶם (ʿūrišlem), see Jerusalem for more.

Jerusalem (a city holy in Judaism, Christianity and Islam; the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine).

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ ܩܘܼܕ݂ܫܵܐ

mḏīnaṯ quḏšā


싱가포르

[ɕʰiŋɡa̠pʰo̞ɾɯ]


오타와

[~시(市)] Ottawa (a city in Ontario, Canada; capital city of Canada)


방콕

From English Bangkok, from Thai บางกอก (baang-gɔ̀ɔk).


사라예보

Sarajevo (the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


브뤼셀

[pɯɾɥisʰe̞ɭ]


코펜하겐

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


스톡홀름

[sʰɯtʰo̞kʰo̞ɭɭɯm]


빌뉴스

(South Korea) Vilnius (the capital city of Lithuania)


포드고리차

[pʰo̞dɯɡo̞ɾit͡ɕʰa̠]


티라나

Tirana (the capital and largest city of Albania)


바티칸

the Vatican, Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


아스하바트

[a̠sʰɯɦa̠ba̠tʰɯ]

Ashgabat (the capital city of Turkmenistan)


두샨베

Dushanbe (the capital city of Tajikistan)


콜롬보

Colombo (the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka)


프리토리아

Pretoria (a city, the administrative capital of South Africa)


반다르세리베가완

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


네피도

나이피다우 나이피다우#Korean

Synonym of 나이피다우 (Naipidau): Naypyidaw (the capital city of Burma)


Ba Lê

[ʔɓaː˧˧ le˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ lej˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ lej˧˧]

Luân Đôn và Ba Lê
London and Paris

(obsolete) Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Luân Đôn

[lwən˧˧ ʔɗon˧˧]

[lwəŋ˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˧˧]

[l⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Luân Đôn.wav

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Hoa Thịnh Đốn

[hwaː˧˧ tʰïŋ˧˨ʔ ʔɗon˧˦]

[hwaː˧˧ tʰɨn˨˩ʔ ʔɗoŋ˦˧˥]

[waː˧˧ tʰɨn˨˩˨ ʔɗoŋ˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Hoa Thịnh Đốn.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 華盛頓. Compare Cantonese 華盛頓 /华盛顿 (waa⁴ sing⁶ deon⁶).

Chúng tôi hy-vọng sẽ gặp được Chị vào cuối tháng 7 năm nay tại Thủ-đô Hoa-Thịnh-Đốn.

1982 May 1, Lê-Hoàng-Ân, “Kính gởi Bà Lê-Thị-Anh”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Hội Tranh Đấu cho Nhân Quyền tại Việt Nam:

We are looking forward to seeing you in Washington, D.C., at the end of this coming July.

Chuyện bầu cử ở Mỹ đã xong nhưng còn nhiều chuyện khác về chính trị nước Mỹ mà người Việt chúng ta cần suy nghĩ và bàn luận, trong đó việc lá cờ Việt Nam Cộng Hòa còn gọi là cờ Vàng đã xuất hiện trong cuộc biểu tình tại thủ đô Hoa Thịnh Đốn ngày 6/1/2021 vừa qua.

2021 January 23, Nguyễn Quang Duy, “Quanh Chuyện Cờ Việt Nam Cộng Hòa Trong Bão Tố Chính Trị Hoa Kỳ [About the Issue of the Republic of Vietnam Flag in an American Political Storm]”, in Việt Báo, Garden Grove, California, retrieved 2021-02-22:

The election is over in America, but there are still plenty of other issues in American politics for us Vietnamese to think about and debate, including the appearance of the Republic of Vietnam flag, also known as the Yellow Flag, in a protest at the capital city Washington this past January 6, 2021.

Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.#English

(dated) Washington, D.C. (the capital city of the United States)


웰링턴

[we̞ʎʎiŋtʰʌ̹n]


Adís Abeba

Addis Abeba (alternative)
Addis Abbaba (alternative)

Addis Ababa (the capital and largest city of Ethiopia)


Vác-sa-va

[vaːk̚˧˦ saː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[vaːk̚˦˧˥ ʂaː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[vaːk̚˦˧˥ saː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[vaːk̚˦˥ ʂaː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[jaːk̚˦˥ saː˧˧ jaː˧˧]

Warsaw (a city, the capital city of Poland)


Andorra-a-Velha

/ɐ̃ˌdo.ʁɐ.aˈvɛ.ʎɐ/

/ɐ̃ˌdo.ʁɐ.aˈvɛ.ʎɐ/

/ɐ̃ˌdo.ʁɐ.aˈvɛ.ʎɐ/

[ɐ̃ˌdo.χɐ.aˈvɛ.ʎɐ]

/ɐ̃ˌdo.ʁɐ.ɐˈvɛ.ʎɐ/

/ɐ̃ˌdo.ʁɐ.ɐˈvɛ.ʎɐ/

/ɐ̃ˌdo.ʁɐ.ɐˈbɛ.ʎɐ/

[ɐ̃ˌdo.ʁɐ.ɐˈβɛ.ʎɐ]

Andorra la Vella (a town, the capital city of Andorra)


Rô-ma

[ɹo˧˧ maː˧˧]

[ɹow˧˧ maː˧˧]

[ɹow˧˧ maː˧˧]

Rô-ma, thủ đô của Ý


La Mã

[laː˧˧ maː˦ˀ˥]

[laː˧˧ maː˧˨]

[laː˧˧ maː˨˩˦]

(obsolete) Rome (the capital city of Italy)


Nhã Điển

[ɲaː˦ˀ˥ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[ɲaː˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[ɲaː˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 雅典, from Mandarin 雅典 (Yǎdiǎn).

(obsolete) Athens (the capital city of Greece)


A-ten

[ʔaː˧˧ tɛn˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ tɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ tɛŋ˧˧]


Κοπεγχάγη

Kopenchági (romanization)
Κοπεγχάγη (nominative singular)
Κοπεγχάγης (genitive singular)
Κοπεγχάγη (accusative singular)
Κοπεγχάγη (singular vocative)


Kếp Tao

Cape Town (the capital city of South Africa)


Cai-rô

[kaːj˧˧ ɹo˧˧]


Va-ti-căng

[vaː˧˧ ti˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

[vaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

[vaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Lúc-xăm-bua

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˦ sam˧˧ ʔɓuə˧˧]

[lʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ sam˧˧ ʔɓuə˧˧]

[lʊwk͡p̚˦˥ sam˧˧ ʔɓuə˧˧]

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Pa-ri

[paː˧˧ ɹi˧˧]

[paː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧]

[paː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧]

Hiệp định Pa-ri


Rê-ki-a-vích

[ɹe˧˧ ki˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ vïk̟̚˧˦]

[ɹej˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ vɨt̚˦˧˥]

[ɹej˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ vɨt̚˦˥]

[ɹej˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ jɨt̚˦˥]


Bê-ô-grát

[ʔɓe˧˧ ʔo˧˧ ɣɹaːt̚˧˦]

[ʔɓej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ɣɹaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ɣɹaːk̚˦˥]


Vaŝingtono

Vaŝingtonon (accusative)
Vaŝintono (alternative)


Hago

Direct origin unclear. Ultimately from Dutch Den Haag.

The Hague (a city, the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


Prago

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Rejkjaviko

Reykjavík (the capital and largest city of Iceland)


Tô-ki-ô

[to˧˧ ki˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Tô-ki-ô.wav

From English Tokyo, itself from Japanese 東京 (Tōkyō).

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


Đa-mát

[ʔɗaː˧˧ maːt̚˧˦]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ maːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ maːk̚˦˥]


Lucsamburg

Borrowed from English, German Luxemburg, from Middle High German Luccelemburc, from Old High German Lucilinburhuc, ultimately from luzil (“little”) + burg (“castle”), from Proto-Germanic *lūtilaz and *burgz.

Luxembourg (the capital city of Luxembourg)


México D.F.

D.F. stands for Distrito Federal (federal district)

Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


永珍

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of Lao ວຽງຈັນ (wīang chan), via Cantonese.

psm

(Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore) Vientiane (a city, the capital city of Laos)


وین

(Iran) Vienna (the capital city of Austria)


جزائر

Turkish: Cezayir

From Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers.

der

اَلْجَزَائِر


וילנה

he-proper noun

וִילְנָה • (vílna) f

וִילְנָה (canonical)
vílna (romanization)
ווילנא (alternative)


Godthaab

Godthåb, Nuuk (the capital city of Greenland)


Berlynas

Berlynas (nominative)
Berlyno (genitive)
Berlynui (dative)
Berlyną (accusative)
Berlynu (instrumental)
Berlyne (locative)
Berlyne (vocative)

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Брюксел

bg-proper noun

Брю́ксел • (Brjúksel) m (relational adjective брю́кселски)

Брю́ксел (canonical)
Brjúksel (romanization)
брю́кселски (adjective relational)


בגדאד

he-proper noun

בַּגְדַּאדּ / בַּגְדָּד • (bagdad)

בַּגְדַּאדּ (canonical)
בַּגְדָּד (canonical)
bagdad (romanization)

Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)


蘇瓦

/su⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sou̯⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³/

/su⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sou̯⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³/


테구시갈파

[tʰe̞ɡuɕʰiɡa̠ɭpʰa̠]


馬納瓜

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹ ku̯ä⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹ ku̯ä⁵⁵/

Managua (a city, the capital city of Nicaragua)


サンサルバドル

[sã̠ɰ̃sa̠ɾɯ̟ba̠do̞ɾɯ̟]

San Salvador (the capital of El Salvador)


聖薩爾瓦多

ㄕㄥˋ ㄙㄚˋ ㄦˇ ㄨㄚˇ ㄉㄨㄛ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ saːt̚³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ tɔː⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ saːt̚³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ tɔː⁵⁵/

San Salvador (a city, the capital city of El Salvador)


산호세

San José (the capital city of Costa Rica)


聖荷西

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ hɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ hɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) San José (a city, the capital city of Costa Rica)


波多諾伏

ㄅㄛ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄨˊ

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ fu³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ fu³⁵/

Porto-Novo (the official capital of Benin)


Անտանանարիվու

head

Անտանանարիվու • (Antananarivu)

hy-proper noun

Անտանանարիվու • (Antananarivu)

Antananarivu (romanization)
Անտանանարիվու (nominative singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուի (dative singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուից (ablative singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուում (locative singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Անտանանարիվուումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Անտանանարիվու

Անտանանարիվուն

Անտանանարիվուներ

Անտանանարիվուները/Անտանանարիվուներն

Անտանանարիվուի

Անտանանարիվուին

Անտանանարիվուների

Անտանանարիվուներին

Անտանանարիվուից

Անտանանարիվուներից

Անտանանարիվուով

Անտանանարիվուներով

Անտանանարիվուում

Անտանանարիվուներում

Անտանանարիվուս

Անտանանարիվուներս

Անտանանարիվուիս

Անտանանարիվուներիս

Անտանանարիվուիցս

Անտանանարիվուներիցս

Անտանանարիվուովս

Անտանանարիվուներովս

Անտանանարիվուումս

Անտանանարիվուներումս

Անտանանարիվուդ

Անտանանարիվուներդ

Անտանանարիվուիդ

Անտանանարիվուներիդ

Անտանանարիվուիցդ

Անտանանարիվուներիցդ

Անտանանարիվուովդ

Անտանանարիվուներովդ

Անտանանարիվուումդ

Անտանանարիվուներումդ

Antananarivo (the capital city of Madagascar)

hy:Անտանանարիվու


Դաքա

head

Դաքա • (Dakʻa)

hy-proper noun

Դաքա • (Dakʻa)

Dakʻa (romanization)
Դաքա (nominative singular singular-only)
Դաքայի (dative singular singular-only)
Դաքայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Դաքայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Դաքայում (locative singular singular-only)
Դաքան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Դաքային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Դաքաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Դաքայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Դաքայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Դաքայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Դաքայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Դաքադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դաքայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դաքայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դաքայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դաքայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դաքքա (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Դաքաները/Դաքաներն


Quinxassa

Kinshasa (alternative)
Kinshassa (alternative)
Kinchasa (alternative)
Kinchassa (alternative)
Kinxasa (alternative)
Quinchassa (alternative)
Quinxasa (alternative)

Kinshasa (the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Pretória

/pɾɨˈtɔ.ɾjɐ/

Pretoria (the administrative capital of South Africa)


Pretória

sk-proper noun

Pretória f (genitive singular Pretórie, declension pattern of ulica)

Pretórie (genitive singular)
ulica (declension-pattern-of)


ບັງກອກ

lo-proper noun

ບັງກອກ • (bang kǭk)

bang kǭk (romanization)
ບາງກອກ (alternative)

[baŋ˩˨.kɔːk̚˥˥˨]

From English Bangkok (Kerr, 1972), from Thai บางกอก (baang-gɔ̀ɔk).


ພະນົມເປັນ

Borrowed from Khmer ភ្នំពេញ (phnum pɨñ).

Phnom Penh (the capital city of Cambodia)


ອູລັນບາຕໍ

ອູລັນບາຕໍ • (ʼū lan bā tǭ)

[ʔuː˩˨.lan˩˨.baː˩˨.tɔː˩˨]

ອູ-ລັນ-ບາ-ຕໍ

Ulaanbaatar (the capital city of Mongolia)


ຈາກາຕາ

ຈາກາຕາ • (chā kā tā)

[t͡ɕaː˩˨.kaː˩˨.taː˩˨]


กรุงเทพฯ

→ English: Krung Thep

→ Lao: ກຸງເທບ (kung thēp)

→ Lü: ᦂᦳᧂᦒᦲᧇ (k̇ungthiib)

From กรุง (grung, “city”) + เทพ (têep, “god”); shortened from กรุงเทพมหานคร (grung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn, literally “celestial city”). The last symbol ฯ is an abbreviation indicator.

com

(colloquial, endonym) Bangkok (the capital of Thailand)


摩加迪休

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄧˊ ㄒㄧㄡ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Mogadishu (the capital city of Somalia)


Sing

(colloquial) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia)


سول

ar-proper noun

سُول • (sōl) f

سُول (canonical)
sōl (romanization)
سُول (definite diptote informal singular)
سُولُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
سُولَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
سُولَ (definite diptote genitive singular)


أبو ظبي

ar-noun

أَبُو ظَبْي • (ʔabū ẓaby) f

أَبُو ظَبْي (canonical)
ʔabū ẓaby (romanization)
أَبُو ظَبْي (definite informal invariable long-construct singular)
أَبُو ظَبْيٍ (definite invariable long-construct nominative singular)
أَبُو ظَبْيٍ (accusative definite invariable long-construct singular)
أَبَا ظَبْيٍ (accusative definite invariable long-construct singular)
أَبُو ظَبْيٍ (definite genitive invariable long-construct singular)
أَبِي ظَبْيٍ (definite genitive invariable long-construct singular)
أَبُوظَبْي (alternative)

→ Persian:

Iranian Persian: ابوظبی (abuzabi)

Dari: ابوظبی (abuzabi)

Tajik: Абузабӣ (Abuzabi)

أَبُو (ʔabū, “father of”) + ظَبْي (ẓaby, “gazelle”), literally “father of a gazelle”.

af

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates; capital of Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates)


Biskek

Biskek (nominative singular)
Biskeket (accusative singular)
Biskeknek (dative singular)
Biskekkel (instrumental singular)
Biskekért (causal-final singular)
Biskekké (singular translative)
Biskekig (singular terminative)
Biskekként (essive-formal singular)
Biskekben (inessive singular)
Biskeken (singular superessive)
Biskeknél (adessive singular)
Biskekbe (illative singular)
Biskekre (singular sublative)
Biskekhez (allative singular)
Biskekből (elative singular)
Biskekről (delative singular)
Biskektől (ablative singular)
Biskeké (singular)
Biskekéi (singular)
Biskekem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Biskeked (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Biskeke (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Biskekünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Biskeketek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Biskekük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Bishkek (the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


Camberra

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


सिंहपुर

siṃhápura (romanization)
सिंहपुरम् (nominative singular)
सिंहपुरे (dual nominative)
सिंहपुराणि (nominative plural)
सिंहपुरा1 (nominative plural)
सिंहपुर (singular vocative)
सिंहपुरे (dual vocative)
सिंहपुराणि (plural vocative)
सिंहपुरा1 (plural vocative)
सिंहपुरम् (accusative singular)
सिंहपुरे (accusative dual)
सिंहपुराणि (accusative plural)
सिंहपुरा1 (accusative plural)
सिंहपुरेण (instrumental singular)
सिंहपुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिंहपुरैः (instrumental plural)
सिंहपुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सिंहपुराय (dative singular)
सिंहपुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिंहपुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सिंहपुरात् (ablative singular)
सिंहपुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिंहपुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिंहपुरस्य (genitive singular)
सिंहपुरयोः (dual genitive)
सिंहपुराणाम् (genitive plural)
सिंहपुरे (locative singular)
सिंहपुरयोः (dual locative)
सिंहपुरेषु (locative plural)

→ Malay: Singapura

→ English: Singapore

Compound of सिंह (siṃhá, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”).

com+

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


خرطوم

Turkish: Hartum

Borrowed from Arabic خُرْطُوم (ḵurṭūm, “trunk, proboscis”).


야무수크로

Yamoussoukro (the capital city of Ivory Coast)


溫得和克

ㄨㄣ ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄎㄜˋ

/wən⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ xɤ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ xɤ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Afrikaans/Dutch Windhoek, from wind (“wind”) + hoek (“corner, angle”).


빈트후크

Binteuhukeu (romanization)
윈드후크 (alternative)

(South Korea) Windhoek (the capital city of Namibia)


트리폴리

[tʰɯɾipʰo̞ʎʎi]


라바트

Rabat (the capital city of Morocco, and capital city of the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco)


ヌアクショット

[nɯ̟a̠kɯ̟ɕo̞t̚to̞]


누악쇼트

Nouakchott (the capital city of Mauritania)


킨샤사

Kinshasa (the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


브라자빌

Brazzaville (the capital city of the Republic of the Congo)


ブラザヴィル

Brazzaville (a city, the capital city of the Republic of the Congo)


안타나나리보

Antananarivo (the capital of Madagascar)


塔那那利佛

ㄊㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄛˊ

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

Antananarivo (a city, the capital city of Madagascar)

安塔那那利佛

Āntǎnànàlìfó


安塔那那利佛

Āntǎnànàlìfó

ㄢ ㄊㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄛˊ

Āntǎnànàlìfó

Аньтананалифо

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/


방기

Bangui (the capital city of the Central African Republic)


비사우

Bissau (the capital city of Guinea-Bissau)


블룸폰테인

Bloemfontein (the judicial capital of South Africa)


布松布拉

ㄅㄨˋ ㄙㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ

/pu⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Bujumbura (a city, the capital city of Burundi)


케이프타운

Cape Town (a city, the legislative capital of South Africa)


科納克里

ㄎㄜ ㄋㄚˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˇ

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Conakry (a city, the capital city of Guinea)


多多馬

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Dodoma (a city, the capital city of Tanzania)


弗里敦

/fu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/fu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

Freetown (a city, the capital city of Sierra Leone)


フリータウン

[ɸɯ̟ɾʲiːta̠ɯ̟̃ɴ]


부에노스 아이레스

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


카라카스

[kʰa̠ɾa̠kʰa̠sʰɯ]


몬테비데오

Montevideo (the capital city of Uruguay)


馬塞盧

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ¹³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ¹³/

Maseru (a city, the capital city of Lesotho)


惠靈頓

ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄨㄣˋ

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ liŋ³⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɐi̯²² lɪŋ²¹ tɵn²²/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ liŋ³⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɐi̯²² lɪŋ²¹ tɵn²²/

(～市, formerly ～埠) (Mainland China, Hong Kong, possibly obsolete in Taiwan) Wellington (a city, the capital city of New Zealand)


姆巴巴納

ㄇㄨˇ ㄅㄚ ㄅㄚ ㄋㄚˋ

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

Mbabane (a city, the capital city of Eswatini)


瓦加杜古

ㄨㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄨˋ ㄍㄨˇ

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tu⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tu⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Ouagadougou (a city, the capital city of Burkina Faso)


莫羅尼

ㄇㄛˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Moroni (a city, the capital city of the Comoros)


利伯維爾

ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² paːk̚³ wɐi̯²¹ jiː¹³/

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² paːk̚³ wɐi̯²¹ jiː¹³/

Libreville (a city, the capital city of Gabon)


リーブルヴィル

[ɾʲiːbɯ̟ɾɯ̟bʲiɾɯ̟]


聖多美

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ tɔː⁵⁵ mei̯¹³/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ to⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁵³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ tɔː⁵⁵ mei̯¹³/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ to⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁵³/

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe#English

São Tomé (a city, the capital city of São Tomé and Príncipe)


상투메

São Tomé (the capital of São Tomé and Príncipe)


馬拉博

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English

Malabo (a city, the capital city of Equatorial Guinea)


말라보

Malabo (the capital city of Equatorial Guinea)


洛美

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


利隆圭

ㄌㄧˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄟ

/li⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

Lilongwe (a city, the capital city of Malawi)


リロングウェ

[ɾʲiɾõ̞ŋɡɯ̟β̞e̞]


릴롱궤

Rillonggwe (romanization)
리롱웨 (alternative)

[ɾiɭɭo̞ŋɡwe̞]

(South Korea) Lilongwe (a city, the capital city of Malawi)


坎帕拉

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

Kampala (a city, the capital city of Uganda)


ポルトノボ

Porto-Novo (the official capital of Benin)


普拉亞

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

Praia (a city, the capital city of Cape Verde)


プライア

Borrowed from Portuguese Praia (“Beach”).


라파스

[ɾa̠pʰa̠sʰɯ]


朱巴

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵/

Juba (a city, the capital city of South Sudan)


普里什蒂納

ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄕˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄋㄚˋ

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ lei̯¹³ sɐp̚² tɐi̯³³ naːp̚²/

/pʰu³³ li⁵⁵ zəʔ³³ ti³³ naʔ²¹/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ lei̯¹³ sɐp̚² tɐi̯³³ naːp̚²/

/pʰu³³ li⁵⁵ zəʔ³³ ti³³ naʔ²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Priština (a city, the capital city of Kosovo)


プリシュティナ

[pɯ̟ɾʲiɕɨtʲi̥na̠]


아부다비

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates; capital city of Abu Dhabi emirate, United Arab Emirates)


리야드

Riyadh (the capital city of Saudi Arabia)


킹스턴

[cçiŋsʰɯtʰʌ̹n]


나소

Nassau (the capital city of the Bahamas)


ナッソー

ja-pos

ナッソー • (Nassō)


巴斯特爾

/pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚² jiː¹³/

/pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚² jiː¹³/

Basseterre (a city, the capital city of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


Ca-bun

[kaː˧˧ ʔɓun˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ʔɓun˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Borrowed from Russian Кабу́л (Kabúl) or English Kabul.


An-giê

[ʔaːn˧˧ ze˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jej˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jej˧˧]


Can-be-ra

[kaːn˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

[kaːn˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ zaː˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

Can-bê-ra (alternative)
Can-bơ-rơ (alternative)

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Porto Moresby

Port Moresby (the capital city of Papua New Guinea)


Kinsasa

Kinshasa (the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Lýuksemburg

Borrowed from Russian Люксембу́рг (Ljuksembúrg).

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


San-Marino

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


San-Marino

San-Marino (nominative singular-only)
San-Marinony (accusative singular-only)
San-Marinonuň (genitive singular-only)
San-Marinā (dative singular-only)
San-Marinoda (locative singular-only)
San-Marinodan (ablative singular-only)


San Jorge

St. George's (the capital city of Grenada)


布里奇敦

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄉㄨㄣ

/pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

Bridgetown (a city, the capital city of Barbados)


바스테르

[pa̠sʰɯtʰe̞ɾɯ]

Basseterre (the capital city of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


バセテール

Basseterre (the capital of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


브리지타운

Bridgetown (the capital city of Barbados)


ブリッジタウン

[bɯ̟ɾʲid̚d͡ʑita̠ɯ̟̃ɴ]


京斯敦

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

(chiefly Taiwan) Kingston (a city, the capital city of Jamaica)


太子港

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

Calque of French Port-au-Prince (literally “port of the prince”).

calque

Port-au-Prince (the capital city of Haiti)


ポルトープランス

[po̞ɾɯ̟to̞ːpɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃sɨ]


포르토프랭스

[pʰo̞ɾɯtʰo̞pʰɯɾɛŋsʰɯ]

[pʰo̞ɾɯtʰo̞pʰɯɾe̞ŋsʰɯ]


西班牙港

ㄒㄧ ㄅㄢ ㄧㄚˊ ㄍㄤˇ

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵⁵ jä³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ paːn⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵⁵ jä³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ paːn⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

Port of Spain (a city, the capital city of Trinidad and Tobago)


포트오브스페인

Port of Spain (the capital of Trinidad and Tobago)


ポートオブスペイン

ja-pos

^ポート オブ ^スペイン

[po̞ːto̞ o̞bɯ̟ sɨ̥pẽ̞ːɴ]

Port of Spain (the capital city of Trinidad and Tobago)

ja:ポートオブスペイン


羅索

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Roseau (a city, the capital city of Dominica)


ロゾー

ロゾー • (Rozō)


金斯敦

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

Borrowed from English Kingston or Kingstown.

Kingstown (a city, the capital city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

金石城

capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines


キングスタウン

Kingstown (the capital city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)


킹스타운

Kingstown (the capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)


Кингстаун

mk-proper noun

кингстаунски

Кингстаун • (Kingstaun) m (relational adjective кингстаунски)

Kingstaun (romanization)
кингстаунски (adjective relational)


Кингстаун

ru-proper noun+

Кингста́ун • (Kingstáun) m inan (genitive Кингста́уна)

Кингста́ун (canonical)
Kingstáun (romanization)
Кингста́уна (genitive)
Кингста́ун (nominative singular)
Кингста́уна (genitive singular)
Кингста́уну (dative singular)
Кингста́ун (accusative singular)
Кингста́уном (instrumental singular)
Кингста́уне (prepositional singular)


サントドミンゴ

From Spanish Santo Domingo (literally “Saint Dominic”).

bor

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

Santo Domingo (the capital city of the Dominican Republic)


聖多明哥

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄜ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Santo Domingo (a city, the capital city of the Dominican Republic)


ポートルイス

Port Louis (the capital city of Mauritius)


와가두구

Ouagadougou (the capital of Burkina Faso)


ワガドゥグー

[β̞a̠ɡa̠dɯ̟ɡɯ̟ː]


ბერლინი

berlini (romanization)
ბერლინი (nominative singular)
ბერლინმა (ergative singular)
ბერლინს (dative singular)
ბერლინს (dative singular)
ბერლინსაs) (dative singular)
ბერლინსაsa) (dative singular)
ბერლინის (genitive singular)
ბერლინის (genitive singular)
ბერლინისაs) (genitive singular)
ბერლინისაsa) (genitive singular)
ბერლინით (instrumental singular)
ბერლინით (instrumental singular)
ბერლინითაt) (instrumental singular)
ბერლინითაta) (instrumental singular)
ბერლინად (adverbial singular)
ბერლინად (adverbial singular)
ბერლინადაd) (adverbial singular)
ბერლინადაda) (adverbial singular)
ბერლინო (singular vocative)
-ზე
ბერლინზე (singular)
-თან
ბერლინთან (singular)
-ში
ბერლინში (singular)
-ვით
ბერლინივით (singular)
-თვის
ბერლინისთვის (singular)
-ებრ
ბერლინისებრ (singular)
-კენ
ბერლინისკენ (singular)
-გან
ბერლინისგან (singular)
-ადმი
ბერლინისადმი (singular)
-დან
ბერლინიდან (singular)
-ურთ
ბერლინითურთ (singular)
-მდე
ბერლინამდე (singular)

ფედერალური მხარეები: ბადენ-ვიურტემბერგი · ბავარია · ბრანდენბურგი · ჰესენი · ქვემო საქსონია · მეკლენბურგ-წინა პომერანია · ჩრდილოეთი რაინ-ვესტფალია · რაინლანდ-პფალცი · ზაარლანდი · საქსონია · საქსონია-ანჰალტი · შლეზვიგ-ჰოლშტაინი · თიურინგია

ქალაქ-მხარეები: ბერლინი · ბრემენი · ჰამბურგი

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Êdîmbourg

(Jersey) Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


Сінгапур

be-proper noun

Сінгапу́р<sg>

сінгапу́рскі

Сінгапу́р • (Sinhapúr) m inan (genitive Сінгапу́ра, uncountable, relational adjective сінгапу́рскі)

Сінгапу́р (canonical)
Sinhapúr (romanization)
Сінгапу́ра (genitive)
сінгапу́рскі (adjective relational)
Сінгапу́р (nominative singular)
Сінгапу́ра (genitive singular)
Сінгапу́ру (dative singular)
Сінгапу́р (accusative singular)
Сінгапу́рам (instrumental singular)
Сінгапу́ры (locative singular)
Сынгапу́р (alternative)
Сынґапу́р (alternative)

be-ndecl

Сінгапу́р<sg>

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia)


Сінгапур

uk-proper noun

Сінгапу́р<sg>

сінгапу́рський

Сінгапу́р • (Sinhapúr) m inan (genitive Сінгапу́ра, uncountable, relational adjective сінгапу́рський)

Сінгапу́р (canonical)
Sinhapúr (romanization)
Сінгапу́ра (genitive)
сінгапу́рський (adjective relational)
Сінгапу́р (nominative singular)
Сінгапу́ра (genitive singular)
Сінгапу́рові (dative singular)
Сінгапу́ру (dative singular)
Сінгапу́р (accusative singular)
Сінгапу́ром (instrumental singular)
Сінгапу́ру (locative singular)
Сінгапу́рі (locative singular)
Сінгапу́ре (singular vocative)
Сінґапу́р (alternative)
Сингапу́р (alternative)
Синґапу́р (alternative)

uk-ndecl

Сінгапу́р<sg>


ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ

head

ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ • (ulaɣanbaɣatur) (Cyrillic spelling Улаанбаатар)

ulaɣanbaɣatur (romanization)
Улаанбаатар (Cyrillic)

From ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ulaɣan, “red”) + ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ (baɣatur, “hero”).

compound

Ulaanbaatar (the capital city of Mongolia)

mn:ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ


Бішкек

be-proper noun

Бішке́к • (Biškjék) m inan (genitive Бішке́ка, uncountable)

Бішке́к (canonical)
Biškjék (romanization)
Бішке́ка (genitive)
Бішке́к (nominative singular)
Бішке́ка (genitive singular)
Бішке́ку (dative singular)
Бішке́к (accusative singular)
Бішке́кам (instrumental singular)
Бішке́ку (locative singular)


Бішкек

head

Бішкек • (Bışkek)

Bışkek (romanization)
Бішкек (nominative singular)
Бішкектің (genitive singular)
Бішкекке (dative singular)
Бішкекті (accusative singular)
Бішкекте (locative singular)
Бішкектен (ablative singular)
Бішкекпен (instrumental singular)

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script
Yañalif
kk:Бішкек


Бішкек

uk-proper noun

бішке́кський or бішке́цький

Бішке́к • (Biškék) m inan (genitive Бішке́ка, uncountable, relational adjective бішке́кський or бішке́цький)

Бішке́к (canonical)
Biškék (romanization)
Бішке́ка (genitive)
бішке́кський (adjective relational)
бішке́цький (adjective relational)
Бішке́к (nominative singular)
Бішке́ка (genitive singular)
Бішке́кові (dative singular)
Бішке́ку (dative singular)
Бішке́к (accusative singular)
Бішке́ком (instrumental singular)
Бішке́ку (locative singular)
Бішке́ці (locative singular)
Бішке́ку (singular vocative)


Londona

Londona (nominative singular)
Londonas (genitive singular)
Londonai (dative singular)
Londonu (accusative singular)
Londonu (instrumental singular)
Londonā (locative singular)
Londona (singular vocative)

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Sana

Sanaa (the capital and largest city of Yemen)


Sana

Sana (nominative singular)
Sany (genitive singular)
Sanie (dative singular)
Sanę (accusative singular)
Saną (instrumental singular)
Sanie (locative singular)
Sano (singular vocative)


新嘉坡

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰo⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɤ⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰo⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɤ⁴⁴/

1838, “推農務之會”, in Karl Gützlaff, editor, 東西洋考每月統紀傳 [Eastern Western Monthly Magazine], page 12:

Xiànglái yú Xīnjiāpō zhī tǔ zhǐ zhòng bōluómì, hújiāo éryǐ. Hòu zāi gāopī, gānzhè, lóuténg.

向來於新嘉坡之土止種波羅蜜、胡椒而已。後栽羔丕、甘蔗、蔞藤。

向来于新嘉坡之土止种波罗蜜、胡椒而已。后栽羔丕、甘蔗、蒌藤。

(dated) Alternative name for 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō, “Singapore”).: Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


新嘉坡

新嘉坡 (canonical)
Shingapōru (romanization)

シンガポール シンガポール#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of シンガポール.: Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Виена

bg-proper noun

Вие́на • (Viéna) f

Вие́на (canonical)
Viéna (romanization)
Вие́на (indefinite singular)
Вие́но (singular vocative)


Виена

mk-proper noun

Вие́на • (Viéna) f


Чъреба

head

Чъреба • (Ḱ’reba)

From Georgian კრება (ḳreba, “gathering”), due to the city historically serving as a trading point.

Tskhinvali (the capital city of South Ossetia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia)


比什凱克

ㄅㄧˇ ㄕˊ ㄎㄞˇ ㄎㄜˋ

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ sɐp̚² hɔːi̯³⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚⁴⁻³² kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sip̚²⁴⁻² kʰai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ sɐp̚² hɔːi̯³⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚⁴⁻³² kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sip̚²⁴⁻² kʰai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Bishkek (a city, the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


Улаан Баатар

Улаан Баатар

Cognate with Khalkha Улаанбаатар (Ulaanbaatar) and Kalmyk Улан Баатр (Ulan Baatr).

bxr:Улаан Баатар


スパルタ

ja:スパルタ (曖昧さ回避)

[sɨ̥pa̠ɾɯ̟ta̠]

Sparta (an ancient city-state in Greece)


أثينا

ar-proper noun

أَثِينَا • (ʔaṯīnā) f

أَثِينَا (canonical)
ʔaṯīnā (romanization)


Zagrabia

la-proper noun

Zagrabia f sg (genitive Zagrabiae); first declension

Zagrabiae (genitive)
Zagrabia (nominative singular)
Zagrabiae (genitive singular)
Zagrabiae (dative singular)
Zagrabiam (accusative singular)
Zagrabiā (ablative singular)
Zagrabia (singular vocative)
Zagrabiae (locative singular)

[z̪äˈɡräbiä]

[d̪͡z̪äˈɡräːbiä]

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


سنغافورة

ar-proper noun

سِنْغَافُورَة

سِنْغَافُورَة • (sinḡāfūra) f

سِنْغَافُورَة (canonical)
sinḡāfūra (romanization)
سِنْغَافُورَة (ar-infl-a definite diptote informal singular)
سِنْغَافُورَةُ (ar-infl-a definite diptote nominative singular)
سِنْغَافُورَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite diptote singular)
سِنْغَافُورَةَ (ar-infl-a definite diptote genitive singular)

ar-decl-noun

سِنْغَافُورَةُ


טהראן

טֶהֱרָאן (canonical)
teheran (romanization)

העיר טהראן


Осла

О́сла (canonical)
Ósla (romanization)
О́сьлё (alternative)


జెరూసలేం

te-proper noun

జెరూసలేం • (jerūsalēṁ) ?

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Gabuuti

Gabúuti (canonical)
Gabuutí (canonical feminine masculine)
Gabúuti (absolutive)
Gabúuti (predicative)
Gabuutí (subjective)
Gabuutí (genitive)
Gabúutil (l-case)
Gabúutik (k-case)
Gabúutit (t-case)
Gabúutih (h-case)
Gabuutí (absolutive)
Gabuutí (predicative)
Gabuutí (subjective)
Gabuutí (genitive)
Gabuutíl (l-case)
Gabuutík (k-case)
Gabuutít (t-case)
Gabuutíh (h-case)
Yibúuti (alternative)

Djibouti (a country in East Africa)
Djibouti (the capital city of Djibouti)


روما

ar-proper noun

رُومَا • (rūmā or rōma) f

رُومَا (canonical)
rūmā (romanization)
rōma (romanization)
رُومَا (definite informal invariable singular)
رُومَا (definite informal invariable singular)
رُومَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
رُومَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
رُومَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
رُومَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
رُومَا (definite genitive invariable singular)
رُومَا (definite genitive invariable singular)
رُومَة (alternative)


روما

acw-proper noun

روما • (rōma) f

Learned borrowing from Arabic رُومَا (rōma).


Olisipo

la-proper noun

Olisīpō f sg or m sg (genitive Olisīpōnis); third declension

Olisīpō (canonical feminine masculine singular)
Olisīpōnis (genitive)
Olisīpō (nominative singular)
Olisīpōnis (genitive singular)
Olisīpōnī (dative singular)
Olisīpōnem (accusative singular)
Olisīpōne (ablative singular)
Olisīpō (singular vocative)
Olisīpōnī (locative singular)
Olisīpōne (locative singular)
Ulisippō (alternative)
Olisippō (alternative)
Olysippō (alternative)
Ulysippō (alternative)
Olysīpō (alternative)

Vulgar Latin: Olisipona

Old Spanish: Ulixbona

desctree

→ Arabic: لِشْبُونَة (lišbūna), أُشْبُونَة (ʔušbūna) — archaic
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Lixbõa, Lisbõa
Galician: Lisboa
Portuguese: Lisboa (see there for further descendants)
→ Mirandese: Lisboua
French: Lisbonne
English: Lisbon
→ Ottoman Turkish: لیزبون (Lizbon)
Turkish: Lizbon
→ Armenian: Լիզպոն (Lizpon)
German: Lissabon
Italian: Lisbona

desc

→ Portuguese: Olissipo, Olisipo (learned)

[ɔlʲɪˈs̠iːpoː]

Unknown origin, possibly from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia (likely Tartessian) word for the Tagus, via Phoenician. Some spelling variants are due to the folk etymology connecting the name of the town with Ulixēs/Ulyssēs (“Odysseus”).


Parisi

→ Italian: Parisi

From Latin Parisii (“The Parisii, a Celtic tribe”).

bor

Parici (alternative)
Pariggi (alternative)

Paris (the capital and largest city of France).

(metonymically) The government of France.


లండను

te-proper noun

లండను • (laṇḍanu) ?


రోము

head

రోము • (rōmu)


మాస్కో

te-proper noun

మాస్కో • (māskō) ?

మాస్కోలో అంతర్జాతీయ చలన చిత్రోత్సవం

1971 May 26, “మాస్కోలో అంతర్జాతీయ చలన చిత్రోత్సవం”, in Andhra Bhoomi^(https://media.indiancine.ma/documents/HRA/Raithu%20Bidda%20(1971)%20Review.jpg?2018-09-30T12:30:25Z), page 6:

International motion picture festival in Moscow

భారతదేశంలో మూడు రోజుల అధికార పర్యటన ముగించుకొని మాస్కో బయలుదేరిన సోవియట్ అధ్యక్షుడు

Wrapping up his three day official visit in India, the Soviet president departed for Moscow

bhāratadēśaṁlō mūḍu rōjula adhikāra paryaṭana mugiñcukoni māskō bayaludērina sōviyaṭ adhyakṣuḍu

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


లుసాకా

లుసాకా • (lusākā) ?


హరారే

హరారే • (harārē) ?


బంజుల్

బంజుల్ • (bañjul) ?


अंकारा

hi-proper noun

अंकारा • (aṅkārā) m

aṅkārā (romanization)
अंकारा (direct singular)
अंकारा (oblique singular)
अंकारा (singular vocative)

/əŋ.kɑː.ɾɑː/

[ɐ̃ŋ.käː.ɾäː]


Elsenfors

(obsolete) Helsinki (the capital city of Finland)


बर्लिन

बर्लिन • (barlin) m (Urdu spelling برلن)

barlin (romanization)
برلن (Urdu)
बर्लिन (direct singular)
बर्लिन (oblique singular)
बर्लिन (singular vocative)


वॉशिंगटन डी॰ सी॰

वॉशिंगटन डी॰ सी॰ • (vŏśiṅgṭan ḍī. sī.) ?

vŏśiṅgṭan ḍī. sī. (romanization)
वॉशिंगटन (alternative)
वॉशिंगटन, डी. सी. (alternative)

Washington, D.C. (the capital city of the United States)


वॉशिंगटन

वॉशिंगटन • (vŏśiṅgṭan) m (Urdu spelling واشنگٹن)

vŏśiṅgṭan (romanization)
واشنگٹن (Urdu)
वॉशिंगटन (direct singular)
वॉशिंगटन (oblique singular)
वॉशिंगटन (singular vocative)

/ʋɔ.ʃɪŋɡ.ʈən/

[ʋɔ.ʃɪ̃ŋɡ.ʈɐ̃n]


墨西哥城

ㄇㄛˋ ㄒㄧ ㄍㄜ ㄔㄥˊ

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/mɐk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/mɐk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

Mexico City (a city, the capital city of Mexico)


瓦萊塔

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ tʰaːp̚³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ⁵/

/ŋo²² le⁵⁵ tʰaʔ²¹/

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ tʰaːp̚³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ⁵/

/ŋo²² le⁵⁵ tʰaʔ²¹/

Valletta (a city, the capital city of Malta)


亞穆蘇克羅

ㄧㄚˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙㄨ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙㄨ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ mʊk̚² sou̯⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵ lɔː²¹/

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ mʊk̚² sou̯⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵ lɔː²¹/

(Mainland China) Yamoussoukro (the official and administrative capital of Ivory Coast)


పుత్రజయ

From Sanskrit पुत्र (putra) + जय (jayá).

Putrajaya (the administrative capital of Malaysia)


フナフティ

[ɸɯ̟na̠ɸɯ̟tʲi]


富納富提

ㄈㄨˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄈㄨˋ ㄊㄧˊ

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/fuː³³ naːp̚² fuː³³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/fuː³³ naːp̚² fuː³³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

Funafuti (a city, the capital city of Tuvalu)


阿皮亞

/ˀä⁵⁵ pʰi³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/aː³³ pʰei̯²¹ aː³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pʰi³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/aː³³ pʰei̯²¹ aː³³/

Apia (a city, the capital city of Samoa)


努庫阿洛法

ㄋㄨˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄚˇ

/nu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹ ˀä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚² faːt̚³/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚³ faːt̚³/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚² faːt̚³/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚³ faːt̚³/

From Tongan Nukuʻalofa, from nuku (“abode”) + alofa (“love”). Literally, “abode of love”.


ヌクアロファ

[nɯ̟kɯ̟a̠ɾo̞ɸa̠]


Cidade do Panamá

Panama City (the capital city of Panama)


Tòquio

From Japanese 東京 (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”).

der

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


Parij

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Pariž

Via Russian Пари́ж (Paríž) and Polish Paryż from French Paris.


אביג׳אן

he-proper noun

אָבִּיגָ'אן • (abiján)

אָבִּיגָ'אן (canonical)
abiján (romanization)

Abidjan (the de facto capital and largest city of Ivory Coast)


Taskent

Tashkent (the capital city of Uzbekistan)


Ulán Bator

Borrowed from Russian Ула̀н-Ба́тор (Ulàn-Bátor), from Mongolian ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ (Ulaɣanbaɣatur).

bor+

Ула̀н-Ба́тор

der

^ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ

Ulaanbaatar (the capital city of Mongolia)


Nasáu

Nassau (the capital city of the Bahamas)


พระนคร

th-proper noun

พระนคร • (prá-ná-kɔɔn)

From พระ (prá, “honorific given to gods, religious personages, royal persons, etc, as well as persons or things relating to them”, literally “best; excellent; godly; sacred; etc”) + นคร (ná-kɔɔn, “city; city-state”).

com

ธนบุรี ธนบุรี#Thai

นครหลวง นครหลวง#Thai

(historical) the formal name of Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand, from 1865 until 22 December 1971, on which it was consolidated with the province of ธนบุรี (ton-bù-rii) to form a polity called นครหลวง (ná-kɔɔn-lǔuang).


San Marinas

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


רוים

From Middle High German Rōme, from Old High German Rōma, a relatinisation of Rūma, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu. Compare German Rom.


पेरिस

peris (romanization)
پیرس (Urdu)
पेरिस (direct singular)
पेरिस (oblique singular)
पेरिस (singular vocative)


בוענאָס־אײַרעס

head

בוענאָס־אײַרעס • (buenos-ayres) ?

yi-proper noun

בוענאָס־אײַרעס • (buenos-ayres) ?

buenos-ayres (romanization)
בוענאָס אײַרעס (alternative)

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


פּאַריז

head

פּאַריז • (pariz) n

yi-proper noun

פּאַריז • (pariz) n

pariz (romanization)
פּאַריס (alternative)


קיִעוו

head

קיִעוו • (kiev) n

yi-proper noun

קיִעוו • (kiev) n


לאָנדאָן

head

לאָנדאָן • (london) ?

yi-proper noun

לאָנדאָן • (london) ?

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


פּראַג

head

פּראַג • (prag) ?

yi-proper noun

פּראַג • (prag) ?

prag (romanization)
פּראָג (alternative)

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


אַמסטערדאַם

head

אַמסטערדאַם • (amsterdam) n

yi-proper noun

אַמסטערדאַם • (amsterdam) n

Amsterdam (the capital city of the Netherlands)


Ерусалим

mk-proper noun

Ерусалим • (Erusalim) m (relational adjective ерусалимски)

Erusalim (romanization)
ерусалимски (adjective relational)

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Riade

Riad (alternative)
Riyadh (alternative)
Riyad (alternative)

Riyadh (the capital city of Saudi Arabia)


Valeta

Valeta (nominative)
Valetos (genitive)
Valetai (dative)
Valetą (accusative)
Valeta (instrumental)
Valetoje (locative)
Valeta (vocative)


Cidade de Guatemala

Guatemala City (the capital city of Guatemala)


Cidade do Kuwait

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


Cotonu

Cotonou (the de-facto capital city of Benin)


בישקעק

Bishkek (the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


Porto Novo

Porto-Novo (the official capital city of Benin)


Kíev

Kíev er annáluð fyrir menningu og margbreytileika og hún er sögð vera „móðir Rússlands“.

2022 April 26, Gunnar Hólmsteinn Ársælsson, “Hroðinn í austri”, in Kjarninn:

Kiev is renowned for its culture and diversity, and is said to be the "Mother of Russia."


Стокхолм

Стокхолм • (Stokholm) m (relational adjective стокхолмски)

Stokholm (romanization)
стокхолмски (adjective relational)


Талин

Талин • (Talin) m (relational adjective талински)

Talin (romanization)
талински (adjective relational)


Канбера

Канбера • (Kanbera) f (relational adjective канберски)

Kanbera (romanization)
канберски (adjective relational)

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Отава

Ота́ва • (Otáva) f (relational adjective отавјански)

Ота́ва (canonical)
Otáva (romanization)
отавјански (adjective relational)


Единбург

Единбург • (Edinburg) m (relational adjective единбуршки)

Edinburg (romanization)
единбуршки (adjective relational)

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


Единбург

uk-proper noun

Единбу́рг<sg>

единбу́рзький

Единбу́рг • (Edynbúrh) m inan (genitive Единбу́рга, uncountable, relational adjective единбу́рзький)

Единбу́рг (canonical)
Edynbúrh (romanization)
Единбу́рга (genitive)
единбу́рзький (adjective relational)
Единбу́рг (nominative singular)
Е́динбург (nominative singular)
Единбу́рга (genitive singular)
Е́динбурга (genitive singular)
Единбу́ргові (dative singular)
Единбу́ргу (dative singular)
Е́динбургові (dative singular)
Е́динбургу (dative singular)
Единбу́рг (accusative singular)
Е́динбург (accusative singular)
Единбу́ргом (instrumental singular)
Е́динбургом (instrumental singular)
Единбу́рзі (locative singular)
Единбу́ргу (locative singular)
Е́динбурзі (locative singular)
Е́динбургу (locative singular)
Единбу́ргу (singular vocative)
Е́динбургу (singular vocative)
Е́динбу́рґ (alternative)

uk-ndecl

((Единбу́рг<sg.loc:Единбу́рзі.loc:Единбу́ргу>,Е́динбург<sg.loc:Е́динбурзі.loc:Е́динбургу>))

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland, a city in the United Kingdom)


Даблин

mk-proper noun

Даблин • (Dablin) m (relational adjective даблински)

Dablin (romanization)
даблински (adjective relational)


בראַטיסלאַוואַ

head

בראַטיסלאַוואַ • (bratislava) ?

yi-proper noun

בראַטיסלאַוואַ • (bratislava) ?

bratislava (romanization)
בראַטיסלאַווע (alternative)

Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia)


פּרעסבורג

presburg (romanization)
פּרעשבורג (alternative)

בראַטיסלאַוואַ בראַטיסלאַוואַ#Yiddish

(historical) Pressburg (former name of בראַטיסלאַוואַ (bratislava), the capital city of Slovakia)


מאָנאַקאָ

head

מאָנאַקאָ • (monako) ?

yi-proper noun

מאָנאַקאָ • (monako) ?


پارىژ

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Vaticà

Learned borrowing from Latin Vātī̆cānus (“Vatican Hill”), from vātēs (“soothsayer, oracle”).

lbor

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Ιεροσόλυμα

Ierosólyma (romanization)
Ιεροσόλυμα (nominative plural)
Ιεροσολύμων (genitive plural)
Ιεροσόλυμα (accusative plural)
Ιεροσόλυμα (plural vocative)

Ι‧ε‧ρο‧σό‧λυ‧μα

From Koine Greek Ἱεροσόλυμα (Hierosóluma), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine) (Hellenized form)


बेइजिङ

ne-proper noun

बेइजिङ • (beijiṅ)

beijiṅ (romanization)
बेइजिङ [beiziŋ] (nominative singular)
बेइजिङ [beidziŋ] (nominative singular)
बेइजिङलाई [beiziŋläi] (accusative singular)
बेइजिङलाई [beidziŋläi] (accusative singular)
instrumental (accusative)
ergative (accusative)
बेइजिङले [beiziŋle] (singular)
बेइजिङले [beidziŋle] (singular)
बेइजिङलाई [beiziŋläi] (dative singular)
बेइजिङलाई [beidziŋläi] (dative singular)
बेइजिङबाट [beiziŋbäʈʌ] (ablative singular)
बेइजिङबाट [beidziŋbäʈʌ] (ablative singular)
बेइजिङको [beiziŋko] (genitive singular)
बेइजिङको [beidziŋko] (genitive singular)
बेइजिङमा [beiziŋmä] (locative singular)
बेइजिङमा [beidziŋmä] (locative singular)

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Seül

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”) via French Séoul.


Lục Xâm Bảo

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ səm˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˩]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ səm˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˨]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ səm˧˧ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦]

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Tân Gia Ba

[tən˧˧ zaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ jaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ jaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

“…Năm ngày sau, tàu chúng tôi đến Tân Gia Ba, và được Hải Quân Hoa Kỳ đưa chúng tôi vào thẳng đảo Guam.…”

2019 March 23, Lâm Hoài Thạch, “Cựu quân nhân ngành An Ninh Quân Đội VNCH mừng Xuân Kỷ Hợi [Former soldier in the Army Security Agency of the Republic of Vietnam celebrates the Year of the Pig]”, in Nguoi Viet Daily News, Westminster, California, retrieved 2022-02-05:

“…Five days later, our ship reached Singapore, and the United States Navy took us directly to the island of Guam…”

Trận bão qua rồi, các chiến thuyền còn lại mới đến Tân Gia Ba, vượt qua eo biển Malacca (Mã Lai) vào Ấn Độ dương và sau cùng đến hải phận xứ Ba Tư…”.

2021 August 13, Nam Hoa, “Ai là người châu Âu đầu tiên được ghi nhận đặt chân đến Côn Đảo? [Who was the first known European to set foot on Côn Đảo?]”, in Thanh Niên, Ho Chi Minh City, retrieved 2022-02-05:

After the storm, the remaining boats went to Singapore, past the Strait of Malacca (Malaya) into the Indian Ocean and finally into the territorial waters of Persia.

Không có tài nguyên thiên nhiên như các nước láng giềng, đất đai hạn chế mà Tân Gia Ba đã trở thành Tứ hổ Á Châu cùng với Đại Hàn, Hồng Kông, Đài Loan.

2022 February 5, Đại Dương, “Đệ Tam Thế Chiến Ngày Càng Gần Kề (Part II) [The Third World War draws ever closer]”, in Vietnam Daily News, San Jose, California, archived from the original on 2022-02-06:

Despite lacking the natural resources of its neighbors and having limited land, Singapore has become one of the Four Asian Tigers along with South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

(dated) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


สิงคโปร์

sǐng-ká-bpoo (romanization)
สิงกะโประ (alternative)

Semi-learned borrowing from English Singapore.


सिंगापुर

hi-proper noun

सिंगापुर • (siṅgāpur) m (Urdu spelling سنگاپور)

siṅgāpur (romanization)
سنگاپور (Urdu)
सिंगापुर (direct singular)
सिंगापुर (oblique singular)
सिंगापुर (singular vocative)

/sɪŋ.ɡɑː.pʊɾ/

[sɪ̃ŋ.ɡäː.pʊɾ]


ירושלים דליטע

head

ירושלים דליטע

yi-proper noun

ירושלים דליטע

yerusholayem dlite (romanization)
ירושלים ד׳ליטע (alternative)

/jəˌʁʊʃɔˈɫajəm‿ˈdɫitə/

Literally, "the Jerusalem of Lithuania", from Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (yerushalayim), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic דְּ- (d'), and Yiddish ליטע (lite).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

Vilnius (the capital city of Lithuania, especially the Jewish portion of the city before World War Two)


ลักเซมเบิร์ก

th-proper noun

ลักเซมเบิร์ก • (lák-sem-bə̀ək)


Singapūras

Singapūras (nominative)
Singapūro (genitive)
Singapūrui (dative)
Singapūrą (accusative)
Singapūru (instrumental)
Singapūre (locative)
Singapūre (vocative)


ลอนดอน

ลอนดอน • (lɔn-dɔn)

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Città del Capo

Cape Town (a city, the legislative capital of South Africa)


Bagdadum

la-proper noun

Bagdadum n sg (genitive Bagdadī); second declension

Bagdadī (genitive)
Bagdadum (nominative singular)
Bagdadī (genitive singular)
Bagdadō (dative singular)
Bagdadum (accusative singular)
Bagdadō (ablative singular)
Bagdadum (singular vocative)
Bagdadī (locative singular)
Bagdatum (alternative)
Baghdadum (alternative)

[ˈbäɡd̪äd̪ʊ̃ˑ]


Bagdetia

Bagdetia f sg (genitive Bagdetiae); first declension

Bagdetiae (genitive)
Bagdetia (nominative singular)
Bagdetiae (genitive singular)
Bagdetiae (dative singular)
Bagdetiam (accusative singular)
Bagdetiā (ablative singular)
Bagdetia (singular vocative)
Bagdetiae (locative singular)

[bäɡˈd̪ɛt̪iä]

[bäɡˈd̪ɛt̪ː͡s̪iä]

(New Latin, chiefly 18th century) Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)


ซานมารีโน

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)

ประเทศซานมารีโน

สาธารณรัฐซานมารีโน


วาติกัน

นครรัฐวาติกัน


นครหลวง

th-proper noun

นครหลวง • (ná-kɔɔn-lǔuang)

/na˦˥.kʰɔːn˧.lua̯ŋ˩˩˦/

From นคร (ná-kɔɔn, “city; city-state; etc”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “great; royal; etc”).

compound

นครหลวงกรุงเทพธนบุรี นครหลวงกรุงเทพธนบุรี#Thai

พระนคร พระนคร#Thai

ธนบุรี ธนบุรี#Thai

กรุงเทพมหานคร กรุงเทพมหานคร#Thai

(historical) also known as นครหลวงกรุงเทพธนบุรี, the formal name of Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand, from 22 December 1971 on which the provinces of พระนคร (prá-ná-kɔɔn) and ธนบุรี (ton-bù-rii) were consolidated into one, until 14 December 1972 on which the consolidated polity was renamed กรุงเทพมหานคร (grung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn).


वेटिकन

hi-proper noun

वेटिकन • (veṭikan) ? (Urdu spelling ویٹیکن)

veṭikan (romanization)
ویٹیکن (Urdu)
वेटिकन (direct singular)
वेटिकन (oblique singular)
वेटिकन (singular vocative)


กรุงเฮก

From กรุง (grung) + เฮก (hék). Compare Khmer ក្រុងហេគ (krong-heek).

The Hague (a city, the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


विक्टोरिया

विक्टोरिया • (vikṭoriyā) ? (Urdu spelling وکٹوریہ)

hi:विक्टोरिया (ऑस्ट्रेलिया)
hi:विक्टोरिया झील
hi:विक्टोरिया, सेशाइल्स

Victoria (a city, the capital city of Seychelles)


Amstelodamum

la-proper noun

Amstelodamum n sg (genitive Amstelodamī); second declension

Amstelodamī (genitive)
Amstelodamum (nominative singular)
Amstelodamī (genitive singular)
Amstelodamō (dative singular)
Amstelodamum (accusative singular)
Amstelodamō (ablative singular)
Amstelodamum (singular vocative)
Amstelodamī (locative singular)
Amstaelodamum (alternative)
Amstelaedamum (alternative)
Amsteledamum (alternative)
Amstellaedamum (alternative)
Amstelraedamum (alternative)
Amstelredamum (alternative)
Amstelreodamum (alternative)
Amstelrodamum (alternative)
Amsteraedamum (alternative)
Amsterdamum (alternative)
Amsterodamum (alternative)

[ä̃ːs̠t̪ɛˈɫ̪ɔd̪ämʊ̃ˑ]

Latinization of Middle Dutch Aemstelredam, Amstelledam.

Amsterdam (the capital city of the Netherlands)


ဘန်ကောက်

bhankauk (romanization)
ဗန်ကောက် (alternative)

Borrowed from Thai บางกอก (baang-gɔ̀ɔk).

မြို့ မြို့#Burmese

(~မြို့) Bangkok (the capital city of Thailand)


คูเวต

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


أوسلو

acw-proper noun

أوسْلو • (ʔōslu or ʔōslō) f

أوسْلو (canonical)
ʔōslu (romanization)
ʔōslō (romanization)

bor

Arabic أُوسْلُو (ʔūslū)


Timbu

Thimphu (alternative)
Timfu (alternative)


金塔

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

/kim³³⁻²³ tʰaʔ²/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

/kim³³⁻²³ tʰaʔ²/

(Teochew) Phnom Penh (a city, the capital city of Cambodia)


Il Cairo

Partial calque of Arabic اَلْقَاهِرَة (al-qāhira).

cal

اَلْقَاهِرَة

Cairo (the capital and largest city of Egypt)


काबुल

kābul (romanization)
کابل (Urdu)
काबुल (direct singular)
काबुल (oblique singular)
काबुल (singular vocative)

Kabul (a city, the capital city of Afghanistan)


呂宋

→ Manchu: ᠯᡳᠣᡳ
ᠰᡠᠩ (lioi sung)

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/lui²¹ ɬɵŋ³³/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ suŋ⁵⁵/

/lu³³⁻¹¹ sɔŋ¹¹/

/lu²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/lɯ²² sɔŋ⁴¹/

/li³³⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/li²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/lɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ soŋ²¹³/

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/lui²¹ ɬɵŋ³³/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ suŋ⁵⁵/

/lu³³⁻¹¹ sɔŋ¹¹/

/lu²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/lɯ²² sɔŋ⁴¹/

/li³³⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/li²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/lɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ soŋ²¹³/

From Classical Tagalog Lusong (“old name for the Pasig River Delta by Manila”).

北線

呂宋 / 吕宋 (Lū-sòng, “Luzon; (archaic) The Philippines”)

(archaic) Northern & Central Luzon; Provinces in Luzon North of Metro Manila; Northern Route

南線

(archaic) Southern Luzon; Provinces in Luzon South of Metro Manila; Southern Route

(～市) (obsolete) Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)


სან-მარინო

სან-მა‧რი‧ნო

ka:სან-მარინო


Lwcsembwrg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


ვილნიუსი

vilniusi (romanization)
ვილნიუსი (nominative singular)
ვილნიუსმა (ergative singular)
ვილნიუსს (dative singular)
ვილნიუსს (dative singular)
ვილნიუსსაs) (dative singular)
ვილნიუსსაsa) (dative singular)
ვილნიუსის (genitive singular)
ვილნიუსის (genitive singular)
ვილნიუსისაs) (genitive singular)
ვილნიუსისაsa) (genitive singular)
ვილნიუსით (instrumental singular)
ვილნიუსით (instrumental singular)
ვილნიუსითაt) (instrumental singular)
ვილნიუსითაta) (instrumental singular)
ვილნიუსად (adverbial singular)
ვილნიუსად (adverbial singular)
ვილნიუსადაd) (adverbial singular)
ვილნიუსადაda) (adverbial singular)
ვილნიუსო (singular vocative)
-ზე
ვილნიუსზე (singular)
-თან
ვილნიუსთან (singular)
-ში
ვილნიუსში (singular)
-ვით
ვილნიუსივით (singular)
-თვის
ვილნიუსისთვის (singular)
-ებრ
ვილნიუსისებრ (singular)
-კენ
ვილნიუსისკენ (singular)
-გან
ვილნიუსისგან (singular)
-ადმი
ვილნიუსისადმი (singular)
-დან
ვილნიუსიდან (singular)
-ურთ
ვილნიუსითურთ (singular)
-მდე
ვილნიუსამდე (singular)


レオポルドヴィル

(history) Leopoldville (a city, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


וואַשינגטאָן

head

וואַשינגטאָן • (vashington)

Washington (the capital city of the United States)


ტოკიო

ṭoḳio (romanization)
ტოკიო (nominative singular)
ტოკიომ (ergative singular)
ტოკიოს (dative singular)
ტოკიოს (dative singular)
ტოკიოსაs) (dative singular)
ტოკიოსაsa) (dative singular)
ტოკიოს (genitive singular)
ტოკიოს (genitive singular)
ტოკიოსაs) (genitive singular)
ტოკიოსაsa) (genitive singular)
ტოკიოთ (instrumental singular)
ტოკიოთ (instrumental singular)
ტოკიოთაt) (instrumental singular)
ტოკიოთაta) (instrumental singular)
ტოკიოდ (adverbial singular)
ტოკიოდ (adverbial singular)
ტოკიოდაd) (adverbial singular)
ტოკიოდაda) (adverbial singular)
ტოკიოვ (singular vocative)
-ზე
ტოკიოზე (singular)
-თან
ტოკიოსთან (singular)
-ში
ტოკიოში (singular)
-ვით
ტოკიოსავით (singular)
-თვის
ტოკიოსთვის (singular)
-ებრ
ტოკიოსებრ (singular)
-კენ
ტოკიოსკენ (singular)
-გან
ტოკიოსგან (singular)
-ადმი
ტოკიოსადმი (singular)
-დან
ტოკიოდან (singular)
-ურთ
ტოკიოთურთ (singular)
-მდე
ტოკიომდე (singular)

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


პეკინი

ṗeḳini (romanization)
პეკინი (nominative singular)
პეკინმა (ergative singular)
პეკინს (dative singular)
პეკინს (dative singular)
პეკინსაs) (dative singular)
პეკინსაsa) (dative singular)
პეკინის (genitive singular)
პეკინის (genitive singular)
პეკინისაs) (genitive singular)
პეკინისაsa) (genitive singular)
პეკინით (instrumental singular)
პეკინით (instrumental singular)
პეკინითაt) (instrumental singular)
პეკინითაta) (instrumental singular)
პეკინად (adverbial singular)
პეკინად (adverbial singular)
პეკინადაd) (adverbial singular)
პეკინადაda) (adverbial singular)
პეკინო (singular vocative)
-ზე
პეკინზე (singular)
-თან
პეკინთან (singular)
-ში
პეკინში (singular)
-ვით
პეკინივით (singular)
-თვის
პეკინისთვის (singular)
-ებრ
პეკინისებრ (singular)
-კენ
პეკინისკენ (singular)
-გან
პეკინისგან (singular)
-ადმი
პეკინისადმი (singular)
-დან
პეკინიდან (singular)
-ურთ
პეკინითურთ (singular)
-მდე
პეკინამდე (singular)

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


ฮานอย

th-proper noun

ฮานอย • (haa-nɔɔi)

From English Hanoi, from Vietnamese Hà Nội.


アンドラ・ラ・ベリャ

ja-pos

^アンドラ・ラ・^ベリャ

[ã̠ndo̞ɾa̠ ɾa̠ be̞ɾʲa̠]

Andorra la Vella (the capital city of Andorra)

ja:アンドラ・ラ・ベリャ


ルクセンブルク市

ルクセンブルク市 (canonical)
Rukusenburuku Shi (romanization)

ルクセンブルク (Rukusenburuku, “Luxembourg”) + 市 (-shi, “city”)


バチカン市国

バチカン市国 (canonical)
Bachikan Shikoku (romanization)

[ba̠t͡ɕi̥ka̠ɰ̃ ɕi̥ko̞kɯ̟]

バチカン (Bachikan, “Vatican”) + 市国 (shikoku, “city state”).

af

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)

ja:バチカン市国 (世界遺産)


Туніс

be-proper noun

Туні́с • (Tunís) m inan (genitive Туні́са, uncountable, relational adjective туні́скі)

Туні́с (canonical)
Tunís (romanization)
Туні́са (genitive)
туні́скі (adjective relational)
Туні́с (nominative singular)
Туні́са (genitive singular)
Туні́су (dative singular)
Туні́с (accusative singular)
Туні́сам (instrumental singular)
Туні́се (locative singular)


Туніс

uk-proper noun

Туні́с • (Tunís) m inan (genitive Туні́са, uncountable, relational adjective туні́ський)

Туні́с (canonical)
Tunís (romanization)
Туні́са (genitive)
туні́ський (adjective relational)
Туні́с (nominative singular)
Туні́са (genitive singular)
Туні́сові (dative singular)
Туні́су (dative singular)
Туні́с (accusative singular)
Туні́сом (instrumental singular)
Туні́су (locative singular)
Туні́сі (locative singular)
Туні́се (singular vocative)


ウィントフック

[β̞ĩnto̞ɸɯ̟k̚kɯ̟]

Borrowed from Afrikaans/Dutch Windhoek, from wind (“wind”) + hoek (“corner, angle”).

Windhoek (a city, the capital city of Namibia)


ташкентский

ru-adj

ташке́нтский

ташке́нтский • (taškéntskij)

ташке́нтский (canonical)
taškéntskij (romanization)
ташке́нтский (masculine nominative)
ташке́нтское (neuter nominative)
ташке́нтская (feminine nominative)
ташке́нтские (nominative plural)
ташке́нтского (genitive masculine neuter)
ташке́нтской (feminine genitive)
ташке́нтских (genitive plural)
ташке́нтскому (dative masculine neuter)
ташке́нтской (dative feminine)
ташке́нтским (dative plural)
ташке́нтского (accusative animate masculine)
ташке́нтское (accusative neuter)
ташке́нтскую (accusative feminine)
ташке́нтских (accusative animate plural)
ташке́нтский (accusative inanimate masculine)
ташке́нтские (accusative inanimate plural)
ташке́нтским (instrumental masculine neuter)
ташке́нтской (feminine instrumental)
ташке́нтскою (feminine instrumental)
ташке́нтскими (instrumental plural)
ташке́нтском (masculine neuter prepositional)
ташке́нтской (feminine prepositional)
ташке́нтских (plural prepositional)

ru-decl-adj

ташке́нтский

(relational) Tashkent (the capital of Uzbekistan)


マジュロ

Borrowed from English Majuro, from Marshallese Mājro.

Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands#English

Majuro (the capital city of the Marshall Islands)


אמסטרדם

he-proper noun

אַמְסְטֶרְדָּם

אַמְסְטֶרְדָּם • (ámsterdam) f

אַמְסְטֶרְדָּם (canonical)
ámsterdam (romanization)

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands)