Վաշինգտոն

hy:Վաշինգտոն

head

Վաշինգտոն • (Vašington)

hy-proper noun

Վաշինգտոն • (Vašington)

Vašington (romanization)
Վաշինգտոն (nominative singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնի (dative singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնից (ablative singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնում (locative singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վաշինգտոնումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Վաշինգտոնը/Վաշինգտոնն

Վաշինգտոններ

Վաշինգտոնները/Վաշինգտոններն

Վաշինգտոնների

Վաշինգտոններին

Վաշինգտոններից

Վաշինգտոններով

Վաշինգտոնում

Վաշինգտոններում

Վաշինգտոններս

Վաշինգտոններիս

Վաշինգտոնիցս

Վաշինգտոններիցս

Վաշինգտոնովս

Վաշինգտոններովս

Վաշինգտոնումս

Վաշինգտոններումս

Վաշինգտոններդ

Վաշինգտոններիդ

Վաշինգտոնիցդ

Վաշինգտոններիցդ

Վաշինգտոնովդ

Վաշինգտոններովդ

Վաշինգտոնումդ

Վաշինգտոններումդ


Կարակաս

Karakas (romanization)
Կարակաս (nominative singular singular-only)
Կարակասի (dative singular singular-only)
Կարակասից (ablative singular singular-only)
Կարակասով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Կարակասում (locative singular singular-only)
Կարակասը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Կարակասն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Կարակասին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Կարակասս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Կարակասիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Կարակասիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Կարակասովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Կարակասումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Կարակասդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարակասիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարակասիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարակասովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարակասումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

Կարակասը/Կարակասն

Կարակասները/Կարակասներն

Կարակասներին

Կարակասներից

Կարակասներով

Կարակասներում

Կարակասներիս

Կարակասներիցս

Կարակասներովս

Կարակասներումս

Կարակասներիդ

Կարակասներիցդ

Կարակասներովդ

Կարակասներումդ


Բոգոտա

hy-decl-noun

Բոգոտաները/Բոգոտաներն

Բոգոտաներում

Բոգոտաներիցս

Բոգոտաներովս

Բոգոտաներումս

Բոգոտաներիցդ

Բոգոտաներովդ

Բոգոտաներումդ

Բոգոտա (Bogota nominative singular)
Բոգոտաներ (nominative plural)
Բոգոտայի (dative singular)
Բոգոտաների (dative plural)
Բոգոտայից (ablative singular)
Բոգոտաներից (ablative plural)
Բոգոտայով (instrumental singular)
Բոգոտաներով (instrumental plural)
Բոգոտայում (locative singular)
Բոգոտաներում (locative plural)
Բոգոտան (definite nominative singular)
Բոգոտաները (definite nominative plural)
Բոգոտաներն (definite nominative plural)
Բոգոտային (dative definite singular)
Բոգոտաներին (dative definite plural)
Բոգոտաս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Բոգոտաներս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
Բոգոտայիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
Բոգոտաներիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
Բոգոտայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Բոգոտաներիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
Բոգոտայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
Բոգոտաներովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
Բոգոտայումս (first-person locative possessive singular)
Բոգոտաներումս (first-person locative plural possessive)
Բոգոտադ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
Բոգոտաներդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
Բոգոտայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
Բոգոտաներիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
Բոգոտայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
Բոգոտաներիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
Բոգոտայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
Բոգոտաներովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)
Բոգոտայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular)
Բոգոտաներումդ (locative plural possessive second-person)


Լիմա

Lima (romanization)
Լիմա (nominative singular singular-only)
Լիմայի (dative singular singular-only)
Լիմայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Լիմայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Լիմայում (locative singular singular-only)
Լիման (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Լիմային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Լիմաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Լիմայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Լիմայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Լիմայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Լիմայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Լիմադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լիմայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լիմայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լիմայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լիմայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Լիմաները/Լիմաներն


Βρυξέλλες

Vryxélles (romanization)
Βρυξέλλες (nominative plural)
Βρυξελλών (genitive plural)
Βρυξέλλες (accusative plural)
Βρυξέλλες (plural vocative)


Bruksel

Brukseli (definite)
Bruksel (indefinite nominative singular)
Brukseli (definite nominative singular)
Bruksel (accusative indefinite singular)
Brukselin (accusative definite singular)
Brukseli (indefinite singular)
Brukselit (definite singular)


Bruselj

Brúsəlj (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Brúselj (nominative singular)
Brúslja (genitive singular)
Brúslju (dative singular)
Brúselj (accusative singular)
Brúslju (locative singular)
Brúsljem (instrumental singular)


Brüksel

Brüksel (nominative singular)
Brüksel'i (accusative singular)
Brüksel'e (dative singular)
Brüksel'de (locative singular)
Brüksel'den (ablative singular)
Brüksel'in (genitive singular)

From Ottoman Turkish بروكسل (Brüksel), from French Bruxelles.


Tbiliszi

Tbiliszi (nominative singular)
Tbiliszit (accusative singular)
Tbiliszinek (dative singular)
Tbiliszivel (instrumental singular)
Tbilisziért (causal-final singular)
Tbiliszivé (singular translative)
Tbilisziig (singular terminative)
Tbilisziként (essive-formal singular)
Tbilisziben (inessive singular)
Tbiliszin (singular superessive)
Tbiliszinél (adessive singular)
Tbiliszibe (illative singular)
Tbiliszire (singular sublative)
Tbiliszihez (allative singular)
Tbilisziből (elative singular)
Tbilisziről (delative singular)
Tbiliszitől (ablative singular)
Tbiliszié (singular)
Tbilisziéi (singular)
Tbiliszim (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Tbiliszid (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Tbiliszije (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Tbiliszink (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Tbiliszitek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Tbiliszijük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Russian Тбили́си (Tbilísi), from Georgian თბილისი (tbilisi).


Κίνγκστον

head

Κίνγκστον • (Kíngkston)


Հաագա

Haaga (romanization)
Հաագա (nominative singular singular-only)
Հաագայի (dative singular singular-only)
Հաագայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հաագայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հաագայում (locative singular singular-only)
Հաագան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հաագային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հաագաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հաագայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հաագայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հաագայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հաագայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հաագադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հաագայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հաագայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հաագայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հաագայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հաագաները/Հաագաներն

Հաագաներումս

Հաագաներումդ

The Hague (a city, the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


Hága

Hága (nominative singular)
Hágát (accusative singular)
Hágának (dative singular)
Hágával (instrumental singular)
Hágáért (causal-final singular)
Hágává (singular translative)
Hágáig (singular terminative)
Hágaként (essive-formal singular)
Hágában (inessive singular)
Hágán (singular superessive)
Hágánál (adessive singular)
Hágába (illative singular)
Hágára (singular sublative)
Hágához (allative singular)
Hágából (elative singular)
Hágáról (delative singular)
Hágától (ablative singular)
Hágáé (singular)
Hágáéi (singular)
Hágám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Hágád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Hágája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Hágánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Hágátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Hágájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

The Hague (the provincial capital of South Holland, Netherlands; administrative capital of the Netherlands)


Երուսաղեմ

head

Երուսաղեմ • (Erusaġem)

hy-proper noun

Երուսաղեմ • (Erusaġem)

Erusaġem (romanization)
Երուսաղեմ (nominative singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմի (dative singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմից (ablative singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմում (locative singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Երուսաղեմումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Երուսաղէմ (alternative)
Յերուսաղեմ (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Երուսաղեմը/Երուսաղեմն

Երուսաղեմներ

Երուսաղեմները/Երուսաղեմներն

Երուսաղեմների

Երուսաղեմներին

Երուսաղեմներից

Երուսաղեմներով

Երուսաղեմում

Երուսաղեմներում

Երուսաղեմներս

Երուսաղեմներիս

Երուսաղեմիցս

Երուսաղեմներիցս

Երուսաղեմովս

Երուսաղեմներովս

Երուսաղեմումս

Երուսաղեմներումս

Երուսաղեմներդ

Երուսաղեմներիդ

Երուսաղեմիցդ

Երուսաղեմներիցդ

Երուսաղեմովդ

Երուսաղեմներովդ

Երուսաղեմումդ

Երուսաղեմներումդ

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


阿布達比

ㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄚˊ ㄅㄧˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ tä³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ tä³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates; capital city of Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates)


Monakko

Ultimately from Ancient Greek μόνοικος (mónoikos, “single house”), from μόνος (mónos, “single, alone”) + οἶκος (oîkos, “house”). See English Monaco for more.

der

Mónnako (alternative)
Monaco (alternative)


Վիեննա

Vienna (romanization)
Վիեննա (nominative singular singular-only)
Վիեննայի (dative singular singular-only)
Վիեննայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Վիեննայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Վիեննայում (locative singular singular-only)
Վիեննան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Վիեննային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Վիեննաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Վիեննայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Վիեննայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Վիեննայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Վիեննայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Վիեննադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վիեննայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վիեննայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վիեննայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վիեննայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Վիեննաները/Վիեննաներն

Վիեննաներում

Վիեննաներիցս

Վիեննաներովս

Վիեննաներումս

Վիեննաներիցդ

Վիեննաներովդ

Վիեննաներումդ


Ստոկհոլմ

Stokholm (romanization)
Ստոկհոլմ (nominative singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմի (dative singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմից (ablative singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմում (locative singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստոկհոլմումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստոքհոլմ (alternative)

Ստոկհոլմը/Ստոկհոլմն

Ստոկհոլմները/Ստոկհոլմներն

Ստոկհոլմների

Ստոկհոլմներին

Ստոկհոլմներից

Ստոկհոլմներով

Ստոկհոլմներում

Ստոկհոլմներս

Ստոկհոլմներիս

Ստոկհոլմներիցս

Ստոկհոլմներովս

Ստոկհոլմումս

Ստոկհոլմներումս

Ստոկհոլմներդ

Ստոկհոլմներիդ

Ստոկհոլմներիցդ

Ստոկհոլմներովդ

Ստոկհոլմումդ

Ստոկհոլմներումդ


Քիշնև

head

Քիշնև • (Kʻišnew)

hy-proper noun

Քիշնև • (Kʻišnew)

Kʻišnew (romanization)
Քիշնև (nominative singular singular-only)
Քիշնևի (dative singular singular-only)
Քիշնևից (ablative singular singular-only)
Քիշնևով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Քիշնևում (locative singular singular-only)
Քիշնևը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քիշնևն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քիշնևին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Քիշնևս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Քիշնևիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քիշնևիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քիշնևովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Քիշնևումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Քիշնևդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քիշնևիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քիշնևիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քիշնևովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քիշնևումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Քիշնևը/Քիշնևն

Քիշնևները/Քիշնևներն

Քիշնևներումս

Քիշնևներումդ

Դանուբեան պատերազմին ժամանակ Յովսէփ արքեպիսկոպոս Արղութեան, սահմանէն փախած հայ գաղթականները հաւաքելով, Պեսարապիոյ սահմանին մօտ, Քիշնևէն դեպի արևելք, Դուբոսար քաղաքեն 12 վերստ հեռաւորութեան վրայ հիմնեց Գրիգորուպօլ քաղաքը (1792 յուլիս 25)։
Danubean paterazmin žamanak Yovsēpʻ arkʻepiskopos Arġutʻean, sahmanēn pʻaxac hay gaġtʻakannerə hawakʻelov, Pesarapioy sahmanin mōt, Kʻišnewēn depi arewelkʻ, Dubosar kʻaġakʻen 12 verst heṙaworutʻean vray himnecʻ Grigorupōl kʻaġakʻə (1792 yulis 25).
During the Danubian war, Archbishop Hovsep Arghoutian gathering the Armenian refugees fleeing from the frontier established the town of Grigoriopol near the border of Bessarabia, east of Chișinău, 12 verst away from Dubăsari (July 25, 1792).

2002, Hračʻya Ačaṙyan, Hay gałtʻakanutʻyan patmutʻyun [The History of Armenian Diaspora] page 170


Bexda

Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)


Δουβλίνο

head

Δουβλίνο • (Douvlíno) n

Douvlíno (romanization)
Δουβλίνο (nominative singular)
Δουβλίνου (genitive singular)
Δουβλίνο (accusative singular)
Δουβλίνο (singular vocative)


Varsovia

la-proper noun

Varsovia f sg (genitive Varsoviae); first declension

Varsoviae (genitive)
Varsovia (nominative singular)
Varsoviae (genitive singular)
Varsoviae (dative singular)
Varsoviam (accusative singular)
Varsoviā (ablative singular)
Varsovia (singular vocative)
Varsoviae (locative singular)

Catalan: Varsòvia

French: Varsovie

Galician: Varsovia

Italian: Varsavia

Portuguese: Varsóvia

Romanian: Varșovia

Spanish: Varsovia


Praag

Inherited from Dutch Praag, from German Prag, from Czech Praha.

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Pressburg

Pressborough (alternative)
Pressburgh (alternative)

(dated) Bratislava, the capital city of Slovakia.


Pressburg

de-proper noun

Pressburg n (proper noun, genitive Pressburgs or (optionally with an article) Pressburg)

Pressburgs (genitive)
Pressburg (genitive with-article)
Pressburg (nominative singular)
Pressburgs (genitive singular)
Pressburg (dative singular)
Pressburg (accusative singular)
Preßburg (alternative)

Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia)


Bratysława

pl-prop

Bratysława f (related adjective bratysławski)

bratysławski (adjective)
Bratysława (nominative singular)
Bratysławy (genitive singular)
Bratysławie (dative singular)
Bratysławę (accusative singular)
Bratysławą (instrumental singular)
Bratysławie (locative singular)
Bratysławo (singular vocative)

Bratislava (the capital and largest city of Slovakia)


サヌア

Sanaa (the capital and largest city of Yemen)


بیروت

head

بیروت • (Beyrût)

ota-proper noun

بیروت • (Beyrût)

Beyrût (romanization)
Պէյրութ (alternative)

Turkish: Beyrut


بیروت

Beirut (the capital and largest city of Lebanon)


بیروت

pa-proper noun

بَیرُوت • (bairūt) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੈਰੂਤ)

بَیرُوت (canonical)
bairūt (romanization)
ਬੈਰੂਤ (Gurmukhi)


بیروت

ur-proper noun

بَیرُوت • (bairūt) m (Hindi spelling बैरूत)

بَیرُوت (canonical)
bairūt (romanization)
बैरूत (Hindi)


Damasco

Inherited from Old Spanish Damasco, from Latin Damascus, from Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from Semitic.


Parizo

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Moscovo

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Pekino

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Jerusalén

Inherited from Old Spanish Iherusalem, from Late Latin Ierūsalēm, Hierūsalēm, from Ancient Greek Ἰερουσαλήμ (Ierousalḗm), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

Jerusalem (the de-facto capital city of Israel)

Jerusalem (the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Ереван

mk-proper noun

Ереван • (Erevan) m (relational adjective еревански)

Erevan (romanization)
еревански (adjective relational)


Ереван

ru-proper noun+

Ерева́н • (Jereván) m inan (genitive Ерева́на, relational adjective ерева́нский)

Ерева́н (canonical)
Jereván (romanization)
Ерева́на (genitive)
ерева́нский (adjective relational)
Ерева́н (nominative singular)
Ерева́на (genitive singular)
Ерева́ну (dative singular)
Ерева́н (accusative singular)
Ерева́ном (instrumental singular)
Ерева́не (prepositional singular)


Ереван

Ѐрева̄н (canonical masculine)
Èrevān (romanization)
Ѐрева̄н (nominative singular)
Ерева́на (genitive singular)
Еревану (dative singular)
Ереван (accusative singular)
Ереване (singular vocative)
Еревану (locative singular)
Ереваном (instrumental singular)


Sukhumi

From Russian Суху́ми (Suxúmi), from Georgian სოხუმი (soxumi).

Sokhum (alternative)
Sokhumi (alternative)
Sukhum (alternative)
Abkhazia (alternative)

The capital city of Abkhazia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.


Sukhumi

Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia
Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia

Sukhumi (the capital city of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Georgia)


Varsjá

is-noun

Varsjá f (genitive singular Varsjár, no plural)

Varsjár (genitive singular)
Varsjá (indefinite nominative singular)
Varsjá (accusative indefinite singular)
Varsjá (dative indefinite singular)
Varsjár (genitive indefinite singular)


New Amsterdam

Calque of Dutch Nieuw-Amsterdam; From nieuw (“new”) + Amsterdam (a city in the Netherlands).

(historical) The capital city of New Netherland, a colony of the Netherlands; the Dutch colonial settlement that later became New York City.

Nieuw-Amsterdam

former name of New York City, when it was a Dutch colony


Qahirə

az-proper noun

Qahirə (definite accusative Qahirəni, plural Qahirələr)

Qahirəni (accusative definite)
Qahirələr (plural)
Qahirəm (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Qahirələrim (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Qahirən (nominative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirələrin (nominative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirəsi (nominative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirələri (nominative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirəmiz (first-person nominative plural possessive)
Qahirələrimiz (first-person nominative plural possessive)
Qahirəniz (nominative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirələriniz (nominative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirəsi (nominative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirələri (nominative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirəmi (accusative first-person possessive singular)
Qahirələrimi (accusative first-person possessive singular)
Qahirəni (accusative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirələrini (accusative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirəsini (accusative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirələrini (accusative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirəmizi (accusative first-person plural possessive)
Qahirələrimizi (accusative first-person plural possessive)
Qahirənizi (accusative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirələrinizi (accusative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirəsini (accusative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirələrini (accusative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirəmə (dative first-person possessive singular)
Qahirələrimə (dative first-person possessive singular)
Qahirənə (dative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirələrinə (dative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirəsinə (dative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirələrinə (dative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirəmizə (dative first-person plural possessive)
Qahirələrimizə (dative first-person plural possessive)
Qahirənizə (dative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirələrinizə (dative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirəsinə (dative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirələrinə (dative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirəmdə (first-person locative possessive singular)
Qahirələrimdə (first-person locative possessive singular)
Qahirəndə (locative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirələrində (locative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirəsində (locative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirələrində (locative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirəmizdə (first-person locative plural possessive)
Qahirələrimizdə (first-person locative plural possessive)
Qahirənizdə (locative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirələrinizdə (locative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirəsində (locative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirələrində (locative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirəmdən (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Qahirələrimdən (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Qahirəndən (ablative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirələrindən (ablative possessive second-person singular)
Qahirəsindən (ablative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirələrindən (ablative possessive singular third-person)
Qahirəmizdən (ablative first-person plural possessive)
Qahirələrimizdən (ablative first-person plural possessive)
Qahirənizdən (ablative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirələrinizdən (ablative plural possessive second-person)
Qahirəsindən (ablative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirələrindən (ablative plural possessive third-person)
Qahirəmin (first-person genitive possessive singular)
Qahirələrimin (first-person genitive possessive singular)
Qahirənin (genitive possessive second-person singular)
Qahirələrinin (genitive possessive second-person singular)
Qahirəsinin (genitive possessive singular third-person)
Qahirələrinin (genitive possessive singular third-person)
Qahirəmizin (first-person genitive plural possessive)
Qahirələrimizin (first-person genitive plural possessive)
Qahirənizin (genitive plural possessive second-person)
Qahirələrinizin (genitive plural possessive second-person)
Qahirəsinin (genitive plural possessive third-person)
Qahirələrinin (genitive plural possessive third-person)


Qüds

Qüds (nominative singular)
Qüdslər (nominative plural)
Qüdsü (accusative definite singular)
Qüdsləri (accusative definite plural)
Qüdsə (dative singular)
Qüdslərə (dative plural)
Qüdsdə (locative singular)
Qüdslərdə (locative plural)
Qüdsdən (ablative singular)
Qüdslərdən (ablative plural)
Qüdsün (definite genitive singular)
Qüdslərin (definite genitive plural)
Qüdsüm (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
Qüdslərim (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
Qüdsün (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Qüdslərin (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Qüdsü (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Qüdsləri (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Qüdsümüz (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
Qüdslərimiz (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
Qüdsünüz (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Qüdsləriniz (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Qüdsü (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdsləri (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdsləri (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Qüdsümü (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Qüdslərimi (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Qüdsünü (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Qüdslərini (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Qüdsünü (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Qüdslərini (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Qüdsümüzü (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Qüdslərimizi (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Qüdsünüzü (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Qüdslərinizi (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Qüdsünü (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərini (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərini (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Qüdsümə (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Qüdslərimə (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Qüdsünə (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Qüdslərinə (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Qüdsünə (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Qüdslərinə (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Qüdsümüzə (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Qüdslərimizə (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Qüdsünüzə (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Qüdslərinizə (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Qüdsünə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərinə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərinə (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Qüdsümdə (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
Qüdslərimdə (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
Qüdsündə (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Qüdslərində (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Qüdsündə (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Qüdslərində (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Qüdsümüzdə (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
Qüdslərimizdə (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
Qüdsünüzdə (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Qüdslərinizdə (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Qüdsündə (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərində (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərində (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Qüdsümdən (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Qüdslərimdən (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Qüdsündən (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Qüdslərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Qüdsündən (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Qüdslərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Qüdsümüzdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Qüdslərimizdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Qüdsünüzdən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Qüdslərinizdən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Qüdsündən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərindən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərindən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Qüdsümün (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
Qüdslərimin (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
Qüdsünün (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Qüdslərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Qüdsünün (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Qüdslərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Qüdsümüzün (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
Qüdslərimizin (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
Qüdsünüzün (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Qüdslərinizin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Qüdsünün (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərinin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Qüdslərinin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Aþena

is-noun

Aþena f (genitive singular Aþenu, no plural)

Aþenu (genitive singular)
Aþena (indefinite nominative singular)
Aþenu (accusative indefinite singular)
Aþenu (dative indefinite singular)
Aþenu (genitive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀθήνη (Athḗnē).


Tskhinvali

From Georgian ცხინვალი (cxinvali), from Old Georgian ქრცხინვალი (krcxinvali, “land of hornbeams”), from earlier ქრცხილვანი (krcxilvani). Possibly via Russian Цхинва́ли (Cxinváli).

der

The capital city of South Ossetia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.

Tskhinval

i; Modern Ossetians call the city this, leaving off the final which is a nominative case ending in Georgian


Tskhinvali

Borrowed from Georgian ცხინვალი (cxinvali).

Tskhinvali (the capital city of South Ossetia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia)


Цхинвал

head

Цхинва́л • (Cxinvál) m

Цхинва́л (canonical)
Cxinvál (romanization)

Цхинвал у Хуссар Ирыстоны сӕйраг сахар. ― Cxinval u Xussar Irystony sæjrag saxar. ― Tskhinval is the capital of South Ossetia.


ცხინვალი

→ Armenian: Ցխինվալ (Cʻxinval)

→ English: Tskhinvali

→ Ossetian: Цхинвал (Cxinval)

→ Russian: Цхинвал (Cxinval)

First attested in the 14th century.
From Middle Georgian, from Old Georgian ქრცხილვანი (krcxilvani), from ქრცხილი (krcxili, “hornbeam”) + -ოვანი (-ovani, adjectival suffix), ultimately from Proto-Kartvelian *krcxeml- (“hornbeam”).
The earliest form was probably *ქრცხილოვანი (*krcxilovani), *ქრცხილოანი (*krcxiloani). In the 15th century it developed into კრცხილვანი (ḳrcxilvani) (the ქ (k) → კ (ḳ) development is regular in Middle Georgian). Due to metathesis of the consonants and due to natural drift in the language, the first two consonants of the root (*კ (*ḳ) and *რ (*r)) were lost, while *ლ (*l) was replaced with the more convenient *ნ (*n) (and vice versa. The same development is seen in Old Georgian ჟილვანი (žilvani) → ჟინვალი (žinvali)).
In all forms of the term the root is *ქრცხილ- (*krcxil-) (or later *კრცხილ- (*ḳrcxil-)), suffixed with -ოვანი (-ovani, “having certain characteristics or qualities”), where ო (o) is lost due to phonetic contraction. Old Georgian ქრცხილა (krcxila) (modern რცხილა (rcxila, “hornbeam”)) was the name of a certain type of an endemic tree (of genus Carpinus) commonly found in this region. Thus, the literal meaning of the toponym can be viewed as "the land of hornbeams".


Ցխինվալ

Ցխինվալ • (Cʻxinval)

hy-proper noun

Ցխինվալ • (Cʻxinval)

Cʻxinval (romanization)
Ցխինվալ (nominative singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալի (dative singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալից (ablative singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալում (locative singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ցխինվալի (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Ցխինվալը/Ցխինվալն

Ցխինվալները/Ցխինվալներն

Ցխինվալներին

Ցխինվալներից

Ցխինվալներով

Ցխինվալներում

Ցխինվալներիս

Ցխինվալներիցս

Ցխինվալներովս

Ցխինվալներումս

Ցխինվալներիդ

Ցխինվալներիցդ

Ցխինվալներովդ

Ցխինվալներումդ


Осло

mk-proper noun

Осло • (Oslo) n (relational adjective ослоански)


Осло

→ Armenian: Օսլո (Ōslo)


عاصمة

head

عاصمة (ʿāṣima) f (plural عواصم (ʿawāṣim))


Krung Thep

From Thai กรุงเทพฯ (grung-têep) - กรุง (grung, “city”) + เทพ (têep, “deity”) + ฯ (“an abbreviation marker”), which is a short form of the full ceremonial name of the city, กรุงเทพมหานคร อมรรัตนโกสินทร์ มหินทรายุธยา มหาดิลกภพ นพรัตนราชธานีบูรีรมย์ อุดมราชนิเวศน์มหาสถาน อมรพิมานอวตารสถิต สักกะทัตติยวิษณุกรรมประสิทธิ์ (grung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn à-mɔɔn-rát-dtà-ná-goo-sǐn má-hǐn-tá-raa-yút-tá-yaa má-hǎa-dì-lòk-póp nóp-pá-rát-râat-chá-taa-nii-buu-rii-rom ù-dom-râat-chá-ní-wêet-má-hǎa-sà-tǎan à-mɔɔn-pí-maan-à-wá-dtaan-sà-tìt sàk-gà-tát-dtì-yá-wít-sà-nú-gam-bprà-sìt, “the city of gods; the great city, [where] the gem of Kosindra [resides] in perpetuity [/where the immortal gem of Kosindra is]; the Ayutthaya of the Great Indra [/of the great ruler(s)]; the great, excellent world; the royal town of the nine gems; the town of delight, full of royal abodes; the great place; the celestial vimāna [where] avatāra dwell, [of which the erection was] accomplished by Viśvakarman on the consent of Śakra [/the (city which is the) Śakra-permitted accomplishment of Viśvakarman]”).

(endonym) Native name of Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand.


Τζιμπουτί

Τζιμπουτί • (Tzimpoutí) n (indeclinable)

Djibouti (a country in East Africa)
Djibouti (the capital city of Djibouti)


الشام

ar-proper noun

الشَّام • (aš-šām) f

الشَّام (canonical)
aš-šām (romanization)
الشَّام (definite informal singular triptote)
الشَّامُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الشَّامَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الشَّامِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شام (alternative)

From the root ش ء م (š ʔ m), a variant of ش م ل (š m l); contrasted with اليَمَن (al-yaman) from *yamīn- (“right-hand side; southward”). Cognate with Hebrew שְׂמֹאל (s'mól, “left”), Akkadian 𒆏 (šumēlum, “left side”), Aramaic סְמָלָא / ܣܡܠܐ (semālā, “left side”), Ugaritic 𐎌𐎎𐎀𐎍 (šmảl). The northern sense derives from the left-hand side oriented with the sunrise, also attested in Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩱𐩣 (s²ʾm, “North”).
The “Greater Syria, the Levant” sense is an ellipsis of بِلَاد الشَّام (bilād aš-šām).

ar-root

ش ء م (š ʔ m)

ش م ل (š m l)

cog

Aramaic סְמָלָא

ellipsis

بِلَاد الشَّام

الشَّام القَدِيمَة


الشام

ajp-proper noun

الشام • (iš-šām) f


Lisabona

Lisabona (nominative singular)
Lisabonas (genitive singular)
Lisabonai (dative singular)
Lisabonu (accusative singular)
Lisabonu (instrumental singular)
Lisabonā (locative singular)
Lisabona (singular vocative)


آستانه

head

آستانه • (âstâne)

fa-proper noun

آستانه • (âstâne)

desctree

→ Kazakh: Астана (Astana)
→ Russian: Астана́ f (Astaná)
→ Armenian: Աստանա (Astana)

[ʔɑːs.t̪ʰɑː.nǽ]

[ʔɑːs.t̪ʰɑː.nǽ]

[ʔɑːs.t̪ʰɑː.nǽ]

[ʔɔːs.t̪ʰɔː.nǽ]

[ʔɒːs.t̪ʰɒː.né]

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾstʾnk' /āstānag/). By surface analysis, آستان (âstân) + ـه (-e).


Belgrado

From Southern Slavic (the Yugoslav or southern branch of Slavic languages), presently Beograd in Serbo-Croatian (variety Serbian), meaning “white castle” (after a fortress on the Danube), like most non-derivative translations.


Belgrado

[bɛɫˈɣɾa.ðu]


Belgrád

Belgrád (nominative singular)
Belgrádot (accusative singular)
Belgrádnak (dative singular)
Belgráddal (instrumental singular)
Belgrádért (causal-final singular)
Belgráddá (singular translative)
Belgrádig (singular terminative)
Belgrádként (essive-formal singular)
Belgrádban (inessive singular)
Belgrádon (singular superessive)
Belgrádnál (adessive singular)
Belgrádba (illative singular)
Belgrádra (singular sublative)
Belgrádhoz (allative singular)
Belgrádból (elative singular)
Belgrádról (delative singular)
Belgrádtól (ablative singular)
Belgrádé (singular)
Belgrádéi (singular)
Belgrádom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Belgrádod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Belgrádja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Belgrádunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Belgrádotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Belgrádjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Andorre-la-Vieille

à Andorre-la-Vieille

in Andorra la Vella; to Andorra la Vella

de l’Andorre-la-Vieille

from Andorra la Vella; relating to Andorra la Vella

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella#English

Andorra la Vella (the capital city of Andorra)


Abou Dabi

Borrowed from Arabic أَبُو ظَبْي (ʔabū ẓaby, “father of the gazelle”).

bor+

Abou Dhabi (alternative)
Abu Dhabi (alternative)
Abou Dhaby (alternative)

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates; capital city of Abu Dhabi emirate, United Arab Emirates)


Ciudad de Guatemala

à Ciudad de Guatemala

de la Ciudad de Guatemala

from Guatemala City; relating to Guatemala City

Guatemala City (the capital city of Guatemala)


Hanoï

à Hanoï

de Hanoï ― from Hanoi; relating to Hanoi (sometimes written as d'Hanoï)


Katmandou

à Katmandou

de Katmandou


Nicosie

à Nicosie

de Nicosie

Nicosia (the capital city of Cyprus; capital city of Northern Cyprus)


Séoul

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul). Note that it predates the standard romanization Seoul in Korean.

à Séoul

de Séoul


Téhéran

à Téhéran
in Tehran; to Tehran

de Téhéran
from Tehran; relating to Tehran


La Valette

à La Valette

de La Valette


Guatemalaváros

Guatemalaváros (nominative singular)
Guatemalavárost (accusative singular)
Guatemalavárosnak (dative singular)
Guatemalavárossal (instrumental singular)
Guatemalavárosért (causal-final singular)
Guatemalavárossá (singular translative)
Guatemalavárosig (singular terminative)
Guatemalavárosként (essive-formal singular)
Guatemalavárosban (inessive singular)
Guatemalavároson (singular superessive)
Guatemalavárosnál (adessive singular)
Guatemalavárosba (illative singular)
Guatemalavárosra (singular sublative)
Guatemalavároshoz (allative singular)
Guatemalavárosból (elative singular)
Guatemalavárosról (delative singular)
Guatemalavárostól (ablative singular)
Guatemalavárosé (singular)
Guatemalavároséi (singular)
Guatemalavárosom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Guatemalavárosod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Guatemalavárosa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Guatemalavárosunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Guatemalavárosotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Guatemalavárosuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Tajpej

Tajpej (nominative singular)
Tajpejt (accusative singular)
Tajpejnek (dative singular)
Tajpejjel (instrumental singular)
Tajpejért (causal-final singular)
Tajpejjé (singular translative)
Tajpejig (singular terminative)
Tajpejként (essive-formal singular)
Tajpejben (inessive singular)
Tajpejen (singular superessive)
Tajpejnél (adessive singular)
Tajpejbe (illative singular)
Tajpejre (singular sublative)
Tajpejhez (allative singular)
Tajpejből (elative singular)
Tajpejről (delative singular)
Tajpejtől (ablative singular)
Tajpejé (singular)
Tajpejéi (singular)
Tajpejem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Tajpejed (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Tajpeje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Tajpejünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Tajpejetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Tajpejük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Tajpej

Tajpej (nominative singular)
Tajpeju (genitive singular)
Tajpejowi (dative singular)
Tajpej (accusative singular)
Tajpejem (instrumental singular)
Tajpeju (locative singular)
Tajpeju (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Mandarin 臺北 /台北 (Tʻai²-pei³).


Πεκίνο

head

Πεκίνο • (Pekíno) n

Pekíno (romanization)
Πεκίνο (nominative singular)
Πεκίνου (genitive singular)
Πεκίνο (accusative singular)
Πεκίνο (singular vocative)


Pequim

Borrowed from Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng), specifically the Nanking court dialect from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/. Doublet of Beijing. Compare Spanish Pekín, French Pékin, English Peking, Dutch Peking.

Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca)
pt:Pequim


Pekín

From the Nanking court dialect Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng), reinforced by Postal Romanization from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/. Compare Portuguese Pequim, English Peking, Tagalog Peking.

Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca)
es:Pekín


Bắc Kinh

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ kïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ kɨn˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ kɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Bắc Kinh.wav

Bắc-Kinh (alternative)
Bắc-kinh (alternative)


ストックホルム

Stockholm (a municipality, the capital and largest city of Sweden; county seat of Stockholm County, Sweden)


ザグレブ

[d͡za̠ɡɯ̟ɾe̞bɯ̟]

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


レイキャヴィーク

Borrowed from English Reykjavík, from Icelandic Reykjavík.


ティラナ

Tirana (the capital and largest city of Albania)


Damsko

→ Dutch: Damsko

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands)


Dakka

Dakka (nominative singular)
Dakkát (accusative singular)
Dakkának (dative singular)
Dakkával (instrumental singular)
Dakkáért (causal-final singular)
Dakkává (singular translative)
Dakkáig (singular terminative)
Dakkaként (essive-formal singular)
Dakkában (inessive singular)
Dakkán (singular superessive)
Dakkánál (adessive singular)
Dakkába (illative singular)
Dakkára (singular sublative)
Dakkához (allative singular)
Dakkából (elative singular)
Dakkáról (delative singular)
Dakkától (ablative singular)
Dakkáé (singular)
Dakkáéi (singular)
Dakkám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Dakkád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Dakkája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Dakkánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Dakkátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Dakkájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Singapūra

Singapūra (nominative singular)
Singapūras (genitive singular)
Singapūrai (dative singular)
Singapūru (accusative singular)
Singapūru (instrumental singular)
Singapūrā (locative singular)
Singapūra (singular vocative)

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


テヘラン

[te̞he̞ɾã̠ɴ]


ハーグ

ja-pos

ハーグ • (Hāgu)

The Hague (a city, the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


ミンスク

[mʲĩɰ̃sɨkɯ̟]


Jherusalem

French: Jérusalem

Jerusalem (a city in Levant; the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of modern Israel; the claimed capital city of modern Palestine)


Dùn Èideann

→ English: Dunedin

→ Irish: Dún Éideann

→ Manx: Doon Edin

Dùn Èideann
Dhùn Èideann
Dùn Éideann (alternative)

/ˈt̪uːnˈeːtʲən̪ˠ/

From Old Welsh Din Eidyn (first attested in the poem Y Gododdin from no earlier than the 7th century), or from an older or geographically closer Brythonic language, such as Cumbric [Term?] or Pictish [Term?].

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


ソウル

ja:ソウル ja:ソウル特別市

Seoul (a city, the capital city of South Korea)


Пјонгјанг

mk-proper noun

пјонгјангшки

Пјонгјанг • (Pjongjang) m (relational adjective пјонгјангшки)

Pjongjang (romanization)
пјонгјангшки (adjective relational)

Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)


Велингтон

велингтонски

Велингтон • (Velington) m (relational adjective велингтонски)

Velington (romanization)
велингтонски (adjective relational)

Wellington (the capital city of New Zealand)

mk:Велингтон


بيروت

ar-proper noun

بَيْرُوت • (bayrūt) f

بَيْرُوت (canonical)
bayrūt (romanization)
بَيْرُوت (definite diptote informal singular)
بَيْرُوتُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
بَيْرُوتَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
بَيْرُوتَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

Cypriot Arabic: Verút

desc

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܒܲܝܪܘܼܬ (bayrūt)

→ Azerbaijani: Beyrut

→ Bashkir: Бәйрүт (Bəyrüt)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बैरूत (bairūt)

Urdu: بَیرُوت (bairūt)

→ Marathi: बैरूत (bairūt)

→ Ottoman Turkish: بیروت (Beyrût)

Turkish: Beyrut

→ Persian: بیروت (beyrut)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਬੈਰੂਤ (bairūt)

Shahmukhi script: بَیرُوت (bairūt)

→ Sindhi: بيروت

→ Tatar: Бәйрут (Bäyrut)

→ Uyghur: بەيرۇت (beyrut)

→ Uzbek: Bayrut


Avana

L'Avana (canonical feminine)
Havana (alternative)
L'Havana (alternative)


Szkopje

Szkopje (nominative singular)
Szkopjét (accusative singular)
Szkopjének (dative singular)
Szkopjével (instrumental singular)
Szkopjéért (causal-final singular)
Szkopjévé (singular translative)
Szkopjéig (singular terminative)
Szkopjeként (essive-formal singular)
Szkopjében (inessive singular)
Szkopjén (singular superessive)
Szkopjénél (adessive singular)
Szkopjébe (illative singular)
Szkopjére (singular sublative)
Szkopjéhez (allative singular)
Szkopjéből (elative singular)
Szkopjéről (delative singular)
Szkopjétől (ablative singular)
Szkopjéé (singular)
Szkopjééi (singular)
Szkopjém (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Szkopjéd (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Szkopjéje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Szkopjénk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Szkopjétek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Szkopjéjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Szkopje (nominative singular)
Szkopjét (accusative singular)
Szkopjénak (dative singular)
Szkopjéval (instrumental singular)
Szkopjéért (causal-final singular)
Szkopjévá (singular translative)
Szkopjéig (singular terminative)
Szkopjeként (essive-formal singular)
Szkopjéban (inessive singular)
Szkopjén (singular superessive)
Szkopjénál (adessive singular)
Szkopjéba (illative singular)
Szkopjéra (singular sublative)
Szkopjéhoz (allative singular)
Szkopjéból (elative singular)
Szkopjéról (delative singular)
Szkopjétól (ablative singular)
Szkopjéé (singular)
Szkopjééi (singular)
Szkopjém (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Szkopjéd (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Szkopjéja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Szkopjénk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Szkopjétok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Szkopjéjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Skopje (the capital city of North Macedonia)


Єреван

uk-proper noun

єрева́нський

Єрева́н • (Jereván) m inan (genitive Єрева́на, uncountable, relational adjective єрева́нський)

Єрева́н (canonical)
Jereván (romanization)
Єрева́на (genitive)
єрева́нський (adjective relational)
Єрева́н (nominative singular)
Єрева́на (genitive singular)
Єрева́нові (dative singular)
Єрева́ну (dative singular)
Єрева́н (accusative singular)
Єрева́ном (instrumental singular)
Єрева́ну (locative singular)
Єрева́ні (locative singular)
Єрева́не (singular vocative)
Еріва́н (alternative)


Ерэван

be-proper noun

Ерэва́н • (Jereván) m inan (genitive Ерэва́на, uncountable)

Ерэва́н (canonical)
Jereván (romanization)
Ерэва́на (genitive)
Ерэва́н (nominative singular)
Ерэва́на (genitive singular)
Ерэва́ну (dative singular)
Ерэва́н (accusative singular)
Ерэва́нам (instrumental singular)
Ерэва́не (locative singular)

у/ў Ерэва́не ― u/ŭ Jerevánje ― in Yerevan

у/ў Ерэва́н ― u/ŭ Jereván ― to Yerevan

з Ерэва́на


Stepanakert

From Armenian Ստեփանակերտ (Stepʻanakert). Named after Stepan Shahumyan, a communist revolutionary active throughout the Caucasus.

Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic#English

The capital of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.


Stepanakert

Stepanakert (nominative singular)
Stepanakertu (genitive singular)
Stepanakertowi (dative singular)
Stepanakert (accusative singular)
Stepanakertem (instrumental singular)
Stepanakercie (locative singular)
Stepanakercie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Armenian Ստեփանակերտ (Stepʻanakert).

bor+

Stepanakert (the capital city of Nagorno-Karabakh)


Stepanakert

(rare) Stepanakert (the capital city of Nagorno-Karabakh)


Ստեփանակերտ

head

Ստեփանակերտ • (Stepʻanakert)

hy-proper noun

Ստեփանակերտ • (Stepʻanakert)

Stepʻanakert (romanization)
Ստեփանակերտ (nominative singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտի (dative singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտից (ablative singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտում (locative singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ստեփանակերտումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Ստեփանակերտը/Ստեփանակերտն

Ստեփանակերտներ

Ստեփանակերտները/Ստեփանակերտներն

Ստեփանակերտի

Ստեփանակերտին

Ստեփանակերտների

Ստեփանակերտներին

Ստեփանակերտից

Ստեփանակերտներից

Ստեփանակերտով

Ստեփանակերտներով

Ստեփանակերտում

Ստեփանակերտներում

Ստեփանակերտս

Ստեփանակերտներս

Ստեփանակերտիս

Ստեփանակերտներիս

Ստեփանակերտիցս

Ստեփանակերտներիցս

Ստեփանակերտովս

Ստեփանակերտներովս

Ստեփանակերտումս

Ստեփանակերտներումս

Ստեփանակերտդ

Ստեփանակերտներդ

Ստեփանակերտիդ

Ստեփանակերտներիդ

Ստեփանակերտիցդ

Ստեփանակերտներիցդ

Ստեփանակերտովդ

Ստեփանակերտներովդ

Ստեփանակերտումդ

Ստեփանակերտներումդ

desc

→ Azerbaijani: (standard) Stepanakert, (Karabakh) İsbanagerd, İsdibanagerd, İsdipanagerd, İsdipanakerd

From Ստեփան (Stepʻan) + -ակերտ (-akert), after Stepan Shahumyan.

Stepanakert (the capital city of Artsakh, a de-facto independent state internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan)


Степанакерт

ru-proper noun+

Степанаке́рт

Степанаке́рт • (Stepanakért) m inan (genitive Степанаке́рта)

Степанаке́рт (canonical)
Stepanakért (romanization)
Степанаке́рта (genitive)
Степанаке́рт (nominative singular)
Степанаке́рта (genitive singular)
Степанаке́рту (dative singular)
Степанаке́рт (accusative singular)
Степанаке́ртом (instrumental singular)
Степанаке́рте (prepositional singular)

ru:Степанакерт


სტეფანაკერტი

head

სტეფანაკერტი • (sṭepanaḳerṭi)


Bakı

Bakı (nominative singular)
Bakılar (nominative plural)
Bakını (accusative definite singular)
Bakıları (accusative definite plural)
Bakıya (dative singular)
Bakılara (dative plural)
Bakıda (locative singular)
Bakılarda (locative plural)
Bakıdan (ablative singular)
Bakılardan (ablative plural)
Bakının (definite genitive singular)
Bakıların (definite genitive plural)
Bakım (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
Bakılarım (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
Bakın (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bakıların (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Bakısı (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bakıları (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Bakımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
Bakılarımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
Bakınız (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bakılarınız (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Bakısı (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakıları (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakıları (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Bakımı (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Bakılarımı (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Bakını (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bakılarını (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Bakısını (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bakılarını (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Bakımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Bakılarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Bakınızı (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bakılarınızı (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Bakısını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarını (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Bakıma (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Bakılarıma (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Bakına (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bakılarına (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Bakısına (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bakılarına (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Bakımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Bakılarımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Bakınıza (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bakılarınıza (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Bakısına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarına (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Bakımda (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
Bakılarımda (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
Bakında (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bakılarında (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Bakısında (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bakılarında (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Bakımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
Bakılarımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
Bakınızda (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bakılarınızda (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Bakısında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarında (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Bakımdan (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Bakılarımdan (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Bakından (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bakılarından (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Bakısından (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bakılarından (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Bakımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Bakılarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Bakınızdan (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bakılarınızdan (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Bakısından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarından (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Bakımın (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
Bakılarımın (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
Bakının (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bakılarının (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Bakısının (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bakılarının (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Bakımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
Bakılarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
Bakınızın (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bakılarınızın (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Bakısının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Bakılarının (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Baku is long attested under the Perso-Arabic name باکو (Bākū). Early Arabic sources also refer to the city as Bākuh and Bākuya, all of which seem to come from a Persian name. Further etymology is unknown.
A popular etymology in the 19th century considered it to be derived from Persian بادکوبه (bâd-kube, “wind-pounded”), compound of باد (bâd) + کوب (kub) + ـه (-e). This etymology was first proposed in the 17th century-chronicle Tārīkh-i ʕālam-ārā-yi ʕabbāsī.
Another and even less probable folk etymology explains the name as deriving from Baghkuy, from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (*bgkwdk' /*baykōyōē, *bakkōyōē/) compound of [Book Pahlavi needed] (bg /bay, bag/, “God; lord”) + [Book Pahlavi needed] (kwd /kōy/, “street, lane”) + [Book Pahlavi needed] (-wyk' /-ōē/), meaning "God's town". The name Baghkuy may be compared with Baghdād ("God-given") in which dād is the Old Persian word for "give".
During Soviet rule, the city was spelled in Cyrillic as Бакы in Azerbaijani (while the Russian spelling was and still is Баку́ (Bakú)). The modern Azerbaijani spelling, which has been using the Latin alphabet since 1991, is Bakı; the shift from the Perso-Arabic letter و (ū) to Cyrillic ы and, later, Latin ı may be compared to that in other Azerbaijani words (e.g. compare قاپو (qāpū) in old Perso-Arabic spelling with modern Azerbaijani qapı (“door”)) or in suffixes, as و was often used to transcribe the vowel harmony in Azerbaijani (which was also the practice in Ottoman Turkish).

noncog

Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi
az:Bakı


Xerusalén

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


San Mariño

Sam Marinho (alternative)
São Marinho (alternative)

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Cidade do Vaticano

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Cidade do Vaticano

Bósnia-Herzegovina Cidade do Vaticano Bósnia e Herzegovina

Holanda Cidade do Vaticano Países Baixos

Macedónia do Norte Cidade do Vaticano Macedônia do Norte

República Checa Cidade do Vaticano República Tcheca


Beiroet

From Middle Dutch baruth, later modified under influence of Arabic بَيْرُوت (bayrūt).


Moskou

Moscow (a federal city, the capital city of Russia)


Moskou

The hamlet is first attested as Moscou in 1899. Originally the name of a farm separated by a canal from Petersburg.

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Jeruzalem

The neighbourhood is named after the city. The name was given in reference to the neighbourhood's white houses, which are vaguely reminiscent of houses in Jerusalem.


Jeruzalem

Jeruzalem (nominative singular uncountable)
Jeruzalema (genitive singular uncountable)
Jeruzalemoju (dative singular uncountable)
Jeruzalem (accusative singular uncountable)
Jeruzalemom (instrumental singular uncountable)
Jeruzalemje (locative singular uncountable)

From Late Latin Hierūsalēm, from Ancient Greek Ἰερουσαλήμ (Ierousalḗm), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם


Jeruzalem

Learned borrowing from Latin Hierūsalēm. Doublet of Jerozolima.

(literary) Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Jeruzalem

sk-proper noun

Jeruzalem m inan (genitive singular Jeruzalema, declension pattern of dub)

Jeruzalema (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Jeruzalem (nominative singular-only)
Jeruzalema (genitive singular-only)
Jeruzalemu (dative singular-only)
Jeruzalem (accusative singular-only)
Jeruzaleme (locative singular-only)
Jeruzalemom (instrumental singular-only)


Jeruzalem

Jerȗzalem (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Jerúzalem (nominative singular)
Jerúzalema (genitive singular)
Jerúzalemu (dative singular)
Jerúzalem (accusative singular)
Jerúzalemu (locative singular)
Jerúzalemom (instrumental singular)


ເລີແກ

lo-proper noun

ເລີແກ • (lœ̄ kǣ)

[lɤː˧˥.kɛː˩(˧)]

[lɤː˩˨.kɛː˩˨]


פריז

he-proper noun

פָּרִיז • (pariz) f

פָּרִיז (canonical)
pariz (romanization)

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Պրիշտինա

head

Պրիշտինա • (Priština)

hy-proper noun

Պրիշտինա • (Priština)

Priština (romanization)
Պրիշտինա (nominative singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայի (dative singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայում (locative singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Պրիշտինայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Պրիշտինաները/Պրիշտինաներն

Պրիշտինաների

Պրիշտինաներին

Պրիշտինաներից

Պրիշտինաներով

Պրիշտինայում

Պրիշտինաներում

Պրիշտինաներս

Պրիշտինաներիս

Պրիշտինայիցս

Պրիշտինաներիցս

Պրիշտինայովս

Պրիշտինաներովս

Պրիշտինայումս

Պրիշտինաներումս

Պրիշտինաներդ

Պրիշտինաներիդ

Պրիշտինայիցդ

Պրիշտինաներիցդ

Պրիշտինայովդ

Պրիշտինաներովդ

Պրիշտինայումդ

Պրիշտինաներումդ


ירוואן

he-proper noun

ירוואן / יֶרֶוָן • (yerevan) f

יֶרֶוָן (canonical)
yerevan (romanization)

Yerevan (The capital and largest city of Armenia)


Amsterdamo

Borrowed from Dutch Amsterdam (from Amstel (“Amstel River”) + dam (“dam”)).

bor

Iun nokton li havis strangan sonĝon. Voĉo diris al li: —Iru al Amsterdamo kaj tie sur la Papen-ponto vi trovos trezoron.

One night he had a strange dream. A voice told him: "Go to Amsterdam and there on top of the Papen-bridge you will find a treasure."

Amsterdam (the capital city of the Netherlands)


Παναμάς

head

Παναμάς • (Panamás) m

Panamás (romanization)
Παναμάς (nominative singular)
Παναμά (genitive singular)
Παναμά (accusative singular)
Παναμά (singular vocative)

Panama City (the capital and largest city of Panama)


Enqere

Ankara (the capital city and province of Turkey)


Angora

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish, from Latin Ancyra, from Ancient Greek Ἄγκυρα (Ánkura), from ἄγκυρα (ánkura, “anchor”).

« Angora est nationaliste, en ce sens qu’elle renonce aux prétensions de l’ancien Empire ottoman et qu’elle veut recréer un foyer turc modeste[…] »

1924, Berthe Georges-Gaulis, La nouvelle Turquie:

“Ankara is nationalist, in the sense that it renounces the pretensions of the old Ottoman Empire and wants to recreate a modest Turkish centre […] ”

Il y a, dans le vieil Angora, pour celui qui a conservé le goût du passé, pour celui qui veut voir l’image des superpositions de civilisations dans un même lieu, des habitudes séculaires, différentes les unes des autres[…]

1931, Eugène Pittard, Le visage nouveau de la Turquie: à travers l'Asie-Mineure:

There is, in the old Ankara, for the one who has preserved a taste for the past, for the one who wants to see an image of many civilizations superimposed in the same place, secular habits, different one from another […]

L’offensive est arrêtée. Angora est sauvée. La Turquie patriote, qui a conservé sa foi, a vaincu.

The offensive has been stopped. Ankara is saved. Patriotic Turkey, who has kept the faith, has triumphed.


Angora

From Latin Ancyra, from Ancient Greek Ἄγκυρα (Ánkura), from ἄγκυρα (ánkura, “anchor”).


Ierusalim

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Їєроусалимъ (Ijerusalimŭ), from Ancient Greek Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalḗm), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם


Nikozja

Nikozja (nominative singular)
Nikozji (genitive singular)
Nikozji (dative singular)
Nikozję (accusative singular)
Nikozją (instrumental singular)
Nikozji (locative singular)
Nikozjo (singular vocative)

Nicosia (the capital city of Cyprus; capital city of Northern Cyprus)


바르샤바

[pa̠ɾɯɕʰa̠ba̠]


Тошканд

head

Тошканд • (Toškand) (Persian spelling تاشکند)

Toškand (romanization)
spelling تاشکند (Persian)

Tashkent (the capital city of Uzbekistan)


Տաշքենդ

Տաշքենդ • (Taškʻend)

hy-proper noun

Տաշքենդ • (Taškʻend)

Taškʻend (romanization)
Տաշքենդ (nominative singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդի (dative singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդից (ablative singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդում (locative singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տաշքենդումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Տաշքենդը/Տաշքենդն

Տաշքենդները/Տաշքենդներն

Տաշքենդներին

Տաշքենդներից

Տաշքենդներով

Տաշքենդներում

Տաշքենդներիս

Տաշքենդներիցս

Տաշքենդներովս

Տաշքենդներումս

Տաշքենդներիդ

Տաշքենդներիցդ

Տաշքենդներովդ

Տաշքենդներումդ


Դուշանբե

head

Դուշանբե • (Dušanbe)

hy-proper noun

Դուշանբե • (Dušanbe)

Dušanbe (romanization)
Դուշանբե (nominative singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեի (dative singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեից (ablative singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեում (locative singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Դուշանբես (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դուշանբեումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Դուշանբեները/Դուշանբեներն

Դուշանբեների

Դուշանբեներին

Դուշանբեներից

Դուշանբեներով

Դուշանբեներում

Դուշանբեներս

Դուշանբեներիս

Դուշանբեներիցս

Դուշանբեներովս

Դուշանբեումս

Դուշանբեներումս

Դուշանբեներդ

Դուշանբեներիդ

Դուշանբեներիցդ

Դուշանբեներովդ

Դուշանբեումդ

Դուշանբեներումդ

Dushanbe (the capital city of Tajikistan)


Բիշքեկ

head

Բիշքեկ • (Biškʻek)

hy-proper noun

Բիշքեկ • (Biškʻek)

Biškʻek (romanization)
Բիշքեկ (nominative singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկի (dative singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկից (ablative singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկում (locative singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բիշքեկումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բիշկեկ (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Բիշքեկը/Բիշքեկն

Բիշքեկները/Բիշքեկներն

Բիշքեկներում

Բիշքեկներիցս

Բիշքեկներովս

Բիշքեկներումս

Բիշքեկներիցդ

Բիշքեկներովդ

Բիշքեկներումդ

Bishkek (the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


브라티슬라바

[pɯɾa̠tʰisʰɯɭɭa̠ba̠]

Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia)


류블랴나

Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


Liubliana

Liubliana (nominative)
Liublianos (genitive)
Liublianai (dative)
Liublianą (accusative)
Liubliana (instrumental)
Liublianoje (locative)
Liubliana (vocative)


Κάρντιφ

Cardiff (a city and county, the capital and largest city of Wales)


Abidżan

Abidżan (nominative singular)
Abidżanu (genitive singular)
Abidżanowi (dative singular)
Abidżan (accusative singular)
Abidżanem (instrumental singular)
Abidżanie (locative singular)
Abidżanie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English Abidjan.

Abidjan (de facto capital city of Ivory Coast)


Prishtina

Uncertain. Multiple theories exist:
* Hamp connected the word with an Indo-European derivative *pṛ-tu- (ford) + *stein (cognate to English stone) which in Proto-Albanian, spoken in the region before the reign of Roman Emperor Trajan (1st-2nd century CE) produced Pristina. Thus the name in the pre-Slavic migrations era would mean in the local Albanian variety "ford-stone"
* Ernst Eichler suggests a connection with the Emperor Primus Justinianus who is thought to have built the town of Pristina. He sees the term Pristina as a composition of his name.
* Possibly derived from dialectal Proto-Slavic *pryščina (“spring of water”), from *pryskati (“to splash, to spray”). Alternatively, possibly derived from Proto-Slavic *Prišьčь (“of Prishek”) (compare Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian Prišek, a surname, and Old Polish Parzyszek, a personal name) + derivational suffix *-ina. According to Aleksandar Loma, Snoj's etymology would presuppose a rare and relatively late word formation process. According to Loma, the name of the city could be derived from the Proto-Slavic dialectal word *pryščina, meaning "spring (of water)", which is also attested in the Moravian dialects of Czech; it is derived from the verb *pryskati, meaning "to splash" or "to spray" (prskati in modern Serbian).

bor

(definite) Pristina, Prishtina (the capital city of Kosovo; district of Kosovo; municipality of Kosovo)


אתונה

he-proper noun

אָתוּנָה • (atúna) f

אָתוּנָה (canonical)
atúna (romanization)


בלגרד

Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro#English

Belgrade (the capital city of Serbia; former capital of Yugoslavia; former capital of Serbia and Montenegro)


וינה

וִינָה • (vína) f

Vienna (The capital and largest city of Austria)


מדריד

מַדְרִיד • (madríd) f

מַדְרִיד (canonical)
madríd (romanization)


בריסל

בְּרִיסֶל • (brisel) f

בְּרִיסֶל (canonical)
brisel (romanization)


בריסל

From German Brüssel, from either Middle Dutch or Modern Dutch Brussel.


סופיה

סוֹפִיָה • (sófiya) f

סוֹפִיָה (canonical)
sófiya (romanization)


בודפשט

בּוּדָפֶּשְׁט

בּוּדָפֶּשְׁט • (búdapesht) f

בּוּדָפֶּשְׁט (canonical)
búdapesht (romanization)

Budapest (the capital and the most populous city of Hungary)


וורשה

וורשה / וַרְשָׁה • (vársha) f

וַרְשָׁה (canonical)
vársha (romanization)

Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship#English

Warsaw (the capital city of Poland; capital city of the Masovian Voivodeship)


קייב

קייב / קִיֶב • (kiyev) f

Kyiv (The capital city of Ukraine and regional administrative centre of Kyiv Oblast)


מינסק

מִינְסְק • (mínsk) f

מִינְסְק (canonical)
mínsk (romanization)


תוניס

תּוּנִיס • (tunis) f

תּוּנִיס (canonical)
tunis (romanization)

Tunis (The capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)


אלג׳יר

אַלְגִ׳יר • (aljír) f

אַלְגִ׳יר (canonical)
aljír (romanization)

Algiers (the capital and largest city of Algeria)


Теҳрон

head

Теҳрон • (Tehron) (Persian spelling تهران or طهران)

Tehron (romanization)
spelling تهران (Persian)
طهران (Persian)


Сухуми

ru-proper noun

Суху́ми • (Suxúmi) m inan (indeclinable)

Суху́ми (canonical)
Suxúmi (romanization)
Суху́м (alternative)

→ Armenian: Սուխումի (Suxumi)

Republic of Abkhazia
Republic of Abkhazia

Sukhumi (the capital city of Republic of Abkhazia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia (and capital city of its Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia))


Nepjida

Nepjida (nominative singular)
Nepjidát (accusative singular)
Nepjidának (dative singular)
Nepjidával (instrumental singular)
Nepjidáért (causal-final singular)
Nepjidává (singular translative)
Nepjidáig (singular terminative)
Nepjidaként (essive-formal singular)
Nepjidában (inessive singular)
Nepjidán (singular superessive)
Nepjidánál (adessive singular)
Nepjidába (illative singular)
Nepjidára (singular sublative)
Nepjidához (allative singular)
Nepjidából (elative singular)
Nepjidáról (delative singular)
Nepjidától (ablative singular)
Nepjidáé (singular)
Nepjidáéi (singular)
Nepjidám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Nepjidád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Nepjidája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Nepjidánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Nepjidátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Nepjidájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Виктория

ru-proper noun+

Викто́рия • (Viktórija) f anim (genitive Викто́рии, nominative plural Викто́рии, genitive plural Викто́рий)

Викто́рия (canonical)
Viktórija (romanization)
Викто́рии (genitive)
Викто́рии (nominative plural)
Викто́рий (genitive plural)
Викто́рия (nominative singular)
Викто́рии (nominative plural)
Викто́рии (genitive singular)
Викто́рий (genitive plural)
Викто́рии (dative singular)
Викто́риям (dative plural)
Викто́рию (accusative singular)
Викто́рий (accusative plural)
Викто́рией (instrumental singular)
Викто́риею (instrumental singular)
Викто́риями (instrumental plural)
Викто́рии (prepositional singular)
Викто́риях (plural prepositional)
Викто́рія (alternative)

Transliterations of the given name

English: Victoria, Viktoriya, Viktoria

Estonian: Viktoria, Viktorija

Latvian: Viktorija

Borrowed from Latin Victoria, from victōria (“victory”).

Victoria (the capital city of Seychelles)


Lahey

The Hague (a city, the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


Kartúm

Kartúm (nominative singular)
Kartúmot (accusative singular)
Kartúmnak (dative singular)
Kartúmmal (instrumental singular)
Kartúmért (causal-final singular)
Kartúmmá (singular translative)
Kartúmig (singular terminative)
Kartúmként (essive-formal singular)
Kartúmban (inessive singular)
Kartúmon (singular superessive)
Kartúmnál (adessive singular)
Kartúmba (illative singular)
Kartúmra (singular sublative)
Kartúmhoz (allative singular)
Kartúmból (elative singular)
Kartúmról (delative singular)
Kartúmtól (ablative singular)
Kartúmé (singular)
Kartúméi (singular)
Kartúmom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Kartúmod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kartúmja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kartúmunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Kartúmotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kartúmjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Chartum

Chartum (nominative singular)
Chartumu (genitive singular)
Chartumowi (dative singular)
Chartum (accusative singular)
Chartumem (instrumental singular)
Chartumie (locative singular)
Chartumie (singular vocative)


Μανίλα

head

Μανίλα • (Maníla) f

Maníla (romanization)
Μανίλα (nominative singular)
Μανίλας (genitive singular)
Μανίλα (accusative singular)
Μανίλα (singular vocative)


Szöul

Szöul (nominative singular)
Szöult (accusative singular)
Szöulnak (dative singular)
Szöullal (instrumental singular)
Szöulért (causal-final singular)
Szöullá (singular translative)
Szöulig (singular terminative)
Szöulként (essive-formal singular)
Szöulban (inessive singular)
Szöulon (singular superessive)
Szöulnál (adessive singular)
Szöulba (illative singular)
Szöulra (singular sublative)
Szöulhoz (allative singular)
Szöulból (elative singular)
Szöulról (delative singular)
Szöultól (ablative singular)
Szöulé (singular)
Szöuléi (singular)
Szöulom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Szöulod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Szöulja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Szöulunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Szöulotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Szöuljuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Söul

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”).


Иерусалим

head

Иерусалим • (İerusalim)

Borrowed from Russian Иерусали́м (Ijerusalím), from Ancient Greek Ἰερουσαλήμ (Ierousalḗm), from Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim)

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script
kk:Иерусалим


Иерусалим

ru-proper noun+

иерусали́мский

Иерусали́м • (Ijerusalím) m inan (genitive Иерусали́ма, relational adjective иерусали́мский)

Иерусали́м (canonical)
Ijerusalím (romanization)
Иерусали́ма (genitive)
иерусали́мский (adjective relational)
Иерусали́м (nominative singular)
Иерусали́ма (genitive singular)
Иерусали́му (dative singular)
Иерусали́м (accusative singular)
Иерусали́мом (instrumental singular)
Иерусали́ме (prepositional singular)
Іерусали́мъ (alternative)

ru:Иерусалим


Meksikurbo

Holonym: Meksiko (“Mexico”)


Mexiko-Stadt

de-proper noun

Mexiko-Stadt n (proper noun, genitive Mexiko-Stadts or (optionally with an article) Mexiko-Stadt)

Mexiko-Stadts (genitive)
Mexiko-Stadt (genitive with-article)


Ραμπάτ

Rabat (the capital city of Morocco, and capital city of the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco)


Rejkiawik

pl-prop

Rejkiawik m inan (related adjective rejkiawicki)

rejkiawicki (adjective)
Rejkiawik (nominative singular)
Rejkiawiku (genitive singular)
Rejkiawikowi (dative singular)
Rejkiawik (accusative singular)
Rejkiawikiem (instrumental singular)
Rejkiawiku (locative singular)
Rejkiawiku (singular vocative)

(dated) Reykjavík (the capital and largest city of Iceland)


Nawakszut

Nawakszut (nominative singular)
Nawakszutu (genitive singular)
Nawakszutowi (dative singular)
Nawakszut (accusative singular)
Nawakszutem (instrumental singular)
Nawakszucie (locative singular)
Nawakszucie (singular vocative)

Nouakchott (the capital city of Mauritania)


Saná

cs-proper noun

Saná n (indeclinable, relational adjective sanáský)

sanáský (adjective relational)
San'á (alternative)
Sanaa (alternative)
Sana'a (alternative)

Sanaa (the capital and largest city of Yemen)


Bejrút

Bejrút m inan (relational adjective bejrútský, demonym Bejrúťan)

bejrútský (adjective relational)
Bejrúťan (demonym)
Bejrút (nominative singular)
Bejrútu (genitive singular)
Bejrútu (dative singular)
Bejrút (accusative singular)
Bejrúte (singular vocative)
Bejrútu (locative singular)
Bejrútem (instrumental singular)
Bejrut (alternative)


Bejrút

Bejrút (nominative singular)
Bejrútot (accusative singular)
Bejrútnak (dative singular)
Bejrúttal (instrumental singular)
Bejrútért (causal-final singular)
Bejrúttá (singular translative)
Bejrútig (singular terminative)
Bejrútként (essive-formal singular)
Bejrútban (inessive singular)
Bejrúton (singular superessive)
Bejrútnál (adessive singular)
Bejrútba (illative singular)
Bejrútra (singular sublative)
Bejrúthoz (allative singular)
Bejrútból (elative singular)
Bejrútról (delative singular)
Bejrúttól (ablative singular)
Bejrúté (singular)
Bejrútéi (singular)
Bejrútom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Bejrútod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bejrútja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bejrútunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Bejrútotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bejrútjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Bejrút

sk-proper noun

Bejrút m inan (genitive singular Bejrúta, declension pattern of dub)

Bejrúta (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Bejrút (nominative singular-only)
Bejrúta (genitive singular-only)
Bejrútu (dative singular-only)
Bejrút (accusative singular-only)
Bejrúte (locative singular-only)
Bejrútom (instrumental singular-only)


Bejrut

Bejrut (nominative singular)
Bejrutu (genitive singular)
Bejrutowi (dative singular)
Bejrut (accusative singular)
Bejrutem (instrumental singular)
Bejrucie (locative singular)
Bejrucie (singular vocative)


Beirute

Borrowed from French Beyrouth, from Phoenician 𐤁𐤓𐤕 (brt /Be'erot/, “wells”).


Beyrut

az-proper noun

Beyrut (definite accusative Beyrutu, plural Beyrutlar)

Beyrutu (accusative definite)
Beyrutlar (plural)
Beyrutum (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Beyrutlarım (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Beyrutun (nominative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutların (nominative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutu (nominative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutları (nominative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutumuz (first-person nominative plural possessive)
Beyrutlarımız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
Beyrutunuz (nominative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutlarınız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutu (nominative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutları (nominative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutumu (accusative first-person possessive singular)
Beyrutlarımı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
Beyrutunu (accusative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutlarını (accusative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutunu (accusative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutlarını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutumuzu (accusative first-person plural possessive)
Beyrutlarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
Beyrutunuzu (accusative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutlarınızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutunu (accusative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutlarını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutuma (dative first-person possessive singular)
Beyrutlarıma (dative first-person possessive singular)
Beyrutuna (dative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutlarına (dative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutuna (dative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutlarına (dative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutumuza (dative first-person plural possessive)
Beyrutlarımıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
Beyrutunuza (dative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutlarınıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutuna (dative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutlarına (dative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutumda (first-person locative possessive singular)
Beyrutlarımda (first-person locative possessive singular)
Beyrutunda (locative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutlarında (locative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutunda (locative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutlarında (locative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutumuzda (first-person locative plural possessive)
Beyrutlarımızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
Beyrutunuzda (locative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutlarınızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutunda (locative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutlarında (locative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutumdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Beyrutlarımdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Beyrutundan (ablative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutlarından (ablative possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutundan (ablative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutlarından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutumuzdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
Beyrutlarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
Beyrutunuzdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutlarınızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutundan (ablative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutlarından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutumun (first-person genitive possessive singular)
Beyrutlarımın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
Beyrutunun (genitive possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutlarının (genitive possessive second-person singular)
Beyrutunun (genitive possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutlarının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
Beyrutumuzun (first-person genitive plural possessive)
Beyrutlarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
Beyrutunuzun (genitive plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutlarınızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
Beyrutunun (genitive plural possessive third-person)
Beyrutlarının (genitive plural possessive third-person)


Beyrut

From Ottoman Turkish بیروت (beyrût), from Arabic بَيْرُوت (bayrūt).


Phenian

Phenian (nominative singular)
Phenianu (genitive singular)
Phenianowi (dative singular)
Phenian (accusative singular)
Phenianem (instrumental singular)
Phenianie (locative singular)
Phenianie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Пхёнья́н (Pxjonʹján).

bor+

Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)


莫斯科

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚² siː⁵⁵ fɔː⁵⁵/

/mok̚⁵ sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰo²⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚²⁴⁻² sɯ³³ kʰə³³/

/moʔ¹¹ sz̩²² kʰu²³/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚² siː⁵⁵ fɔː⁵⁵/

/mok̚⁵ sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰo²⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

/bɔk̚²⁴⁻² sɯ³³ kʰə³³/

/moʔ¹¹ sz̩²² kʰu²³/

Borrowed from English Moscow, or shortened from Qing-era 莫斯科窪／莫斯科洼 (Mòsīkēwā), which is borrowed from Manchu ᠮᠣᠰᠺᠣᠸᠠ (mosk'owa).

zh-l

莫斯科窪／莫斯科洼 (Mòsīkēwā)

《莫斯科郊外的晚上》

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


巴黎

/paː⁵⁵ lɐi̯²¹/

/pa⁵⁵ l̃ɛ⁵³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² le²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² le¹³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³/

/pa³³⁻²³ li⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ lɐi̯²¹/

/pa⁵⁵ l̃ɛ⁵³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² le²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² le¹³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³/

/pa³³⁻²³ li⁵⁵/

From French Paris. Attested as early as 1838, in 古今萬國綱鑑 by German missionary Karl Gützlaff.

The Eiffel Tower is Paris's landmark structure.

Àifēi'ěr Tiětǎ shì Bālí de biāozhìxìng jiànzhù.

艾菲爾鐵塔是巴黎的標誌性建築。

艾菲尔铁塔是巴黎的标志性建筑。

1866, 斌椿, 乘槎筆記; republished volume 2, Tokyo: 袋屋龜次郎, 1872, page 26:

Èrshísānrì, qíng, zhù bālí hǎiguān, miǎn yàn xínglǐ, jiēshì fánhuá, qìjú kuòdà, yòu shèngyú Lǐ'áng.

二十三日，晴，駐巴黎海關，免驗行李，街市繁華，氣局闊大，又勝於里昂。

二十三日，晴，驻巴黎海关，免验行李，街市繁华，气局阔大，又胜于里昂。

Paris (the capital and largest city of France; department of Île-de-France)


ビリニュス

[bʲiɾʲiɲ̟ɨsɨ]


Viêng Chăn

[viəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕan˧˧]

[viəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕaŋ˧˧]

[viəŋ˧˧ caŋ˧˧]

[jiəŋ˧˧ caŋ˧˧]


Skopie

Borrowed from Macedonian Скопје (Skopje).

Skopje (the capital city of North Macedonia)


Berlyn

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Пекин

bg-proper noun

Пеки́н • (Pekín) m

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Пекин

ru-proper noun+

Пеки́н • (Pekín) m inan (genitive Пеки́на, relational adjective пеки́нский)

Пеки́н (canonical)
Pekín (romanization)
Пеки́на (genitive)
пеки́нский (adjective relational)
Пеки́н (nominative singular)
Пеки́на (genitive singular)
Пеки́ну (dative singular)
Пеки́н (accusative singular)
Пеки́ном (instrumental singular)
Пеки́не (prepositional singular)
Пеки́нъ (alternative)

→ Armenian: Պեկին (Pekin)

Ultimately from the Nanking court dialect Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng), from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/. Compare Portuguese Pequim, Spanish Pekín, Dutch Peking, English Peking, French Pékin, German Peking.

Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca)
ru:Пекин


กัวลาลัมเปอร์

From English Kuala Lumpur. Cognate with Lao ກົວລາລໍາເປີ (kūa lā lam pœ̄).

cog

Lao ກົວລາລໍາເປີ (kūa lā lam pœ̄)

Kuala Lumpur (a federal territory, the capital city of Malaysia)


Улаанбаатар

mn-decl

Улаанбаатар<r>

Улаанбаатар (attributive)
Ulaanbaatar (attributive)
Улаанбаатар (indefinite nominative singular)
Ulaanbaatar (indefinite nominative singular)
Улаанбаатарын (genitive indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатарыг (accusative indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатарт (dative indefinite locative singular)
Улаанбаатараас (ablative indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатараар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Улаанбаатартай (comitative indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатаргүй (indefinite privative singular)
Улаанбаатар луу (directive indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатараа (indefinite nominative singular)
Улаанбаатрынхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатрыгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатартаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Улаанбаатраасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатраараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Улаанбаатартайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Улаанбаатаргүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Улаанбаатар луугаа (directive indefinite singular)

desc

Улаан-Баатар

→ Buryat: Улаан-Баатар (Ulaan-Baatar) (calque)

→ English: Ulaanbaatar

→ Kazakh:

Arabic script: ۇلانباتىر

Cyrillic script: Ұланбатыр (Ūlanbatyr)

→ Russian: Улан-Ба́тор (Ulan-Bátor)

→ English: Ulan Bator

→ Hungarian: Ulánbátor

→ Portuguese: Ulan Bator

→ Spanish: Ulán Bator

→ Ukrainian: Улан-Ба́тор (Ulan-Bátor)

[o̙.ɮá̠ːm.pa̠ː.ʰtɐ̆ɾ̥]

У‧лаан‧баа‧тар

From улаан (ulaan, “red”) + баатар (baatar, “hero”).

com

Alternative form: (abbreviation) УБ (UB)

Ulaanbaatar (the capital city of Mongolia)


Бээжин

head

Бээжин • (Beežin)

mn-prop

Бээжин • (Beežin); (hidden-g declension)

Beežin (romanization)
hidden-g declension (romanization)
Бээжин (attributive)
Бээжин (indefinite nominative singular)
Бээжингийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Бээжинг (accusative indefinite singular)
Бээжинд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Бээжингээс (ablative indefinite singular)
Бээжингээр (indefinite instrumental singular)
Бээжинтэй (comitative indefinite singular)
Бээжингүй (indefinite privative singular)
Бээжин рүү (directive indefinite singular)
Бээжингээ (indefinite nominative singular)
Бээжингийнхээ (genitive indefinite singular)
Бээжингээ (accusative indefinite singular)
Бээжиндээ (dative indefinite locative singular)
Бээжингээсээ (ablative indefinite singular)
Бээжингээрээ (indefinite instrumental singular)
Бээжинтэйгээ (comitative indefinite singular)
Бээжингүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Бээжин рүүгээ (directive indefinite singular)
Бэйжин (alternative)

[pe̞ː.t͡ʃɪ̆ŋ]

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ (begeǰing), from Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng).


Сөүл

head

Сөүл • (Söül)

mn-prop

Сөүл • (Söül)

Söül (romanization)
Сөүл (attributive)
Сөүл (indefinite nominative singular)
Сөүлийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Сөүлийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Сөүлд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Сөүлээс (ablative indefinite singular)
Сөүлээр (indefinite instrumental singular)
Сөүлтэй (comitative indefinite singular)
Сөүлгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Сөүл рүү (directive indefinite singular)
Сөүлээ (indefinite nominative singular)
Сөүлийнхээ (genitive indefinite singular)
Сөүлийгээ (accusative indefinite singular)
Сөүлдээ (dative indefinite locative singular)
Сөүлээсээ (ablative indefinite singular)
Сөүлээрээ (indefinite instrumental singular)
Сөүлтэйгээ (comitative indefinite singular)
Сөүлгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Сөүл рүүгээ (directive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, “Seoul”).


موسكو

ar-proper noun

مُوسْكُو • (muskū, mūskū, mōskū, mōskō) f

مُوسْكُو (canonical)
muskū (romanization)
mūskū (romanization)
mōskū (romanization)
mōskō (romanization)
مُوسْكُو (definite informal invariable singular)
مُوسْكُو (definite invariable nominative singular)
مُوسْكُو (accusative definite invariable singular)
مُوسْكُو (definite genitive invariable singular)


Jerúsalem

is-proper noun

Jerúsalem f (proper noun, indeclinable) or sometimes
Jerúsalem n (proper noun, genitive singular Jerúsalems or Jerúsalem)

Jerúsalem (canonical feminine)
sometimes Jerúsalem (canonical neuter)
Jerúsalems (genitive singular)
Jerúsalem (genitive singular)
Jerúsalem (indefinite nominative singular)
Jerúsalem (accusative indefinite singular)
Jerúsalem (dative indefinite singular)
Jerúsalem (genitive indefinite singular)
Jerúsalem (indefinite nominative singular)
Jerúsalem (accusative indefinite singular)
Jerúsalem (dative indefinite singular)
Jerúsalems (genitive indefinite singular)
Jerúsalem (genitive indefinite singular)


กรุงเทพมหานคร

th-proper noun

กรุงเทพมหานคร • (grung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn)

/kruŋ˧.tʰeːp̚˥˩.ma˦˥.haː˩˩˦.na˦˥.kʰɔːn˧/

From กรุง (grung, “city; city-state”) + เทพ (têep, “god”) + มหา (má-hǎa, “great; high”) + นคร (ná-kɔɔn, “city; city-state”), literally “city of gods, great city”.

com

th:กรุงเทพมหานคร

grung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn à-mɔɔn-rát-dtà-ná-goo-sǐn má-hǐn-tá-raa-yút-tá-yaa má-hǎa-dì-lòk-póp nóp-pá-rát-râat-chá-taa-nii-buu-rii-rom ù-dom-râat-chá-ní-wêet-má-hǎa-sà-tǎan à-mɔɔn-pí-maan-à-wá-dtaan-sà-tìt sàk-gà-tát-dtì-yá-wít-sà-nú-gam-bprà-sìt

กรุงเทพมหานคร อมรรัตนโกสินทร์ มหินทรายุธยา มหาดิลกภพ นพรัตนราชธานีบูรีรมย์ อุดมราชนิเวศน์มหาสถาน อมรพิมานอวตารสถิต สักกะทัตติยวิษณุกรรมประสิทธิ์


Ciudad del Cabo

[θjuˌð̞að̞ ð̞el ˈka.β̞o]

Cape Town (the legislative capital of South Africa)


Katmandu

Katmandu (nominative singular)
Katmandut (accusative singular)
Katmandunak (dative singular)
Katmanduval (instrumental singular)
Katmanduért (causal-final singular)
Katmanduvá (singular translative)
Katmanduig (singular terminative)
Katmanduként (essive-formal singular)
Katmanduban (inessive singular)
Katmandun (singular superessive)
Katmandunál (adessive singular)
Katmanduba (illative singular)
Katmandura (singular sublative)
Katmanduhoz (allative singular)
Katmanduból (elative singular)
Katmanduról (delative singular)
Katmandutól (ablative singular)
Katmandué (singular)
Katmanduéi (singular)
Katmandum (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Katmandud (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Katmanduja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Katmandunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Katmandutok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Katmandujuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Katmandu

Kathmandu (alternative)
Catmandu (alternative)


도쿄

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō).

ja-r

東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō)


Улан-Батор

ru-proper noun+

уланба́торский

Улан-Ба́тор • (Ulan-Bátor) m inan (genitive Улан-Ба́тора, relational adjective уланба́торский)

Улан-Ба́тор (canonical)
Ulan-Bátor (romanization)
Улан-Ба́тора (genitive)
уланба́торский (adjective relational)
Улан-Ба́тор (nominative singular)
Улан-Ба́тора (genitive singular)
Улан-Ба́тору (dative singular)
Улан-Ба́тор (accusative singular)
Улан-Ба́тором (instrumental singular)
Улан-Ба́торе (prepositional singular)
Уланъ-Ба́торъ (alternative)
Улаанба́атар (alternative)

Ru-Улан-Батор.ogg

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ (Ulaɣanbaɣatur). The spelling pre-dates the development of the Cyrillic Mongolian spelling Улаанбаатар (Ulaanbaatar).

bor+

^ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ