Warsaw

en-proper noun

Warsaw (countable and uncountable, plural Warsaws)

Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship#English

The capital city of Poland; capital city of the Masovian Voivodeship.


Gdansk

Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Alternative spelling of Gdańsk, the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland


Gdansk

Gdańsk (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Gdansk

sk-proper noun

Gdansk m inan (genitive singular Gdanska, declension pattern of dub)

Gdanska (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Gdansk (nominative singular-only)
Gdanska (genitive singular-only)
Gdansku (dative singular-only)
Gdansk (accusative singular-only)
Gdansku (locative singular-only)
Gdanskom (instrumental singular-only)


Gdańsk

Borrowed from Polish Gdańsk. Doublet of Danzig.


Gdańsk

pl-prop

Gdańsk m inan (related adjective gdański, demonym gdańszczanin, female demonym gdańszczanka)

gdański (adjective)
gdańszczanin (demonym)
gdańszczanka (demonym feminine)
Gdańsk (nominative singular)
Gdańska (genitive singular)
Gdańskowi (dative singular)
Gdańsk (accusative singular)
Gdańskiem (instrumental singular)
Gdańsku (locative singular)
Gdańsku (singular vocative)

→ Czech: Gdaňsk

→ English: Gdaňsk

→ Latin: Gedānum

→ Russian: Гданьск (Gdanʹsk)

→ Belarusian: Гданьск (Hdanʹsk)

→ Ukrainian: Гданськ (Hdansʹk)

→ Ukrainian: Ґданськ (Gdansʹk)

Disputed. Per Vasmer, derived from Gothic *𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 (*gutans, “Goths”). Eckblom rejects this, and many various etymologists suggest a native Proto-Slavic stem of *gъd- (“wet, damp”) and point to place names such as Gdynia and Gdecz (modern Giecz) as further reflexes of that stem. Others still suggest a Proto-Baltic stem of *gud-, with Baltic reflexes including Old Prussian gudde (“forest”), gudas (“Belarusian: person speaking a foreign language”) or Lithuanian gudkarklis (“damp pasture”), gudobelė (“hawthorn”). Many etymologists support the Proto-Baltic origin, with an original stem of *Gud- + *-an + *-isk ("place of the forest people").

unc

Disputed

der+

Kazimierz Rymut
pl:Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch
pl:Nazwy miejscowe Polski


Cracow

Borrowed from Middle English crakou, crawcow.

A city in southern Poland, situated on the Vistula river, and the country's former capital.


Kraków

Alternative (native Polish) spelling of Cracow


Kraków

pl-prop

Kraków m inan (related adjective krakowski)

krakowski (adjective)
Kraków (nominative singular)
Krakowa (genitive singular)
Krakowowi (dative singular)
Kraków (accusative singular)
Krakowem (instrumental singular)
Krakowie (locative singular)
Krakowie (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Кра́каў (Krákaŭ)

→ Czech: Krakov

desc

→ English: Cracov, Cracow, Krakau, Krakow, Kraków

→ Esperanto: Krakovo

→ Finnish: Krakova

desctree

→ German: Krakau
→ Dutch: Krakau
→ Icelandic: Kraká

→ Kashubian: Krakòwò

→ Latin: Cracōvia

→ Latvian: Krakova

→ Lithuanian: Krokuva

→ Russian: Кра́ков (Krákov)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Krakov

→ Slovak: Krakov

→ Slovene: Krakov

→ Ukrainian: Кра́ків (Krákiv)

Uncertain. Traditionally derived from Krak + -ów, from the city's legendary founder Krak.

Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship#English

Cracow (the capital and largest city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Gduńsk

Disputed. For more information, see Polish Gdańsk.


Thorn

de-proper noun

Thorn n (proper noun, genitive Thorns or (optionally with an article) Thorn)

Thorns (genitive)
Thorn (genitive with-article)

From Middle High German Thorun, from Latin Thorun (see also Thorunenses) (1251).


Łódź

Łódź (nominative singular)
Łódźot (accusative singular)
Łódźnak (dative singular)
Łódźdzsal (instrumental singular)
Łódźért (causal-final singular)
Łódźdzsá (singular translative)
Łódźig (singular terminative)
Łódźként (essive-formal singular)
Łódźban (inessive singular)
Łódźon (singular superessive)
Łódźnál (adessive singular)
Łódźba (illative singular)
Łódźra (singular sublative)
Łódźhoz (allative singular)
Łódźból (elative singular)
Łódźról (delative singular)
Łódźtól (ablative singular)
Łódźé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Łódźéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Łódźom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Łódźod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Łódźa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Łódźunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Łódźotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Łódźuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Łódź

pl-proper noun

Łódź f (related adjective łódzki, demonym łodzianin, female demonym łodzianka)

łódzki (adjective)
łodzianin (demonym)
łodzianka (demonym feminine)
Łódź (nominative singular)
Łodzi (genitive singular)
Łodzi (dative singular)
Łódź (accusative singular)
Łodzią (instrumental singular)
Łodzi (locative singular)
Łodzi (singular vocative)

Unknown. Possible etymologies include:
* From the surname Łodzic.
* From the given name Włodzisław.
* From Old Polish łoza (“willow tree”).
Popular incorrect etymologies include:
* From łódź (“boat”). This is incorrect, since the city does not lie near any navigable body of water.
* From Łódka, a small river in the city. This is also incorrect, since the river was named after the city, not the other way around.

Łódź Voivodeship
Łódź Voivodeship#English

Lodz (the capital city of the Łódź Voivodeship, in southeastern Poland)


Warszawa

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Warszawa, from Old Polish. See there for more.

unadapted borrowing

Warszawa er hovedstaden i Polen.


Warszawa

[vɑˈʂ(ː)ɑ̀ːvɑ̌]


Warszawa

pl-prop

Warszawa f (related adjective warszawski, demonym warszawiak, female demonym warszawianka)

warszawski (adjective)
warszawiak (demonym)
warszawianka (demonym feminine)
Warszawa (nominative singular)
Warszawy (genitive singular)
Warszawie (dative singular)
Warszawę (accusative singular)
Warszawą (instrumental singular)
Warszawie (locative singular)
Warszawo (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)

→ Bulgarian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)

→ Czech: Varšava

→ Danish: Warszawa

→ English: Warsaw

desctree

→ German: Warschau
→ Dutch: Warschau
→ Afrikaans: Warschau
→ Icelandic: Varsjá
→ Luxembourgish: Warschau

→ Hungarian: Varsó

→ Japanese: ワルシャワ

desc

→ Korean: 바르샤바 (bareusyaba), 와르샤와 (wareusyawa)

desctree

→ Latin: Varsovia
Catalan: Varsòvia
French: Varsovie
Galician: Varsovia
Italian: Varsavia
Portuguese: Varsóvia
Romanian: Varșovia
Spanish: Varsovia

→ Latvian: Varšava

→ Lithuanian: Varšuva

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Warszawa

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Warszawa

→ Russian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)
→ Kyrgyz: Варшава (Varşava)
→ Mongolian: Варшав (Varšav)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Varšava, Варшава

→ Slovak: Varšava

→ Slovene: Varšava

→ Swedish: Warszawa

→ Ukrainian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)

Inherited from Old Polish Warszewa with -e- replaced by -a- due to hypercorrection or assimilation.

Warszawa lat wojny i okupacji

Arcybiskupowi przeznaczono rocznéj pensyi 140,000 franków, prócz pieniędzy na reprezentacyą; gdyż cesarz w udzielonych mu instrukcyach chciał, aby w Warszawie wielki dom prowadził.

1854, Leon Potocki, Święcone, czyli Pałac Potockich w Warszawie:

The archbishop was allowed a yearly pension of 140,000 franks, in addition to the money for representation; where as the emperor, as in his conferred instructions, wanted him to lead a great house in Warsaw.

Od daty 18 maja 1815 roku, kiedy traktat wiedeński powołał do życia Królestwo Polskie, rozpoczęła się dla Warszawy nowa epoka.

1964, Adam Szczypiorski, Ćwierć wieku Warszawy, 1806–1830:

From May 18, 1815, when the Treaty of Vienna brought the Polish Kingdom back to life, a new epoch for Warsaw begun.

W takiej atmosferze rewolucyjnego września opuszczał na zawsze Warszawę i Ojczyznę Fryderyk Chopin.

2008, Artur III Nadolski, Pani Chłodna (opowieść o warszawskiej ulicy):

In this revolutionist atmosphere of September, Frederyk Chopin left Warsaw and his fatherland forever.

Warsaw (the capital and largest city of Poland)

Warsaw (the capital and largest city of the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)


Warszawa

[va̠ɹˈʂɑ̂ːvâ̠]


Varsova

Varsova (nominative singular)
Varsova (accusative nominative singular)
Varsovan (accusative genitive singular)
Varsovan (genitive singular)
Varsovaa (partitive singular)
Varsovassa (inessive singular)
Varsovasta (elative singular)
Varsovaan (illative singular)
Varsovalla (adessive singular)
Varsovalta (ablative singular)
Varsovalle (allative singular)
Varsovana (essive singular)
Varsovaksi (singular translative)
Varsovatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Varsovani (nominative singular)
Varsovani (accusative nominative singular)
Varsovani (accusative genitive singular)
Varsovani (genitive singular)
Varsovaani (partitive singular)
Varsovassani (inessive singular)
Varsovastani (elative singular)
Varsovaani (illative singular)
Varsovallani (adessive singular)
Varsovaltani (ablative singular)
Varsovalleni (allative singular)
Varsovanani (essive singular)
Varsovakseni (singular translative)
Varsovattani (abessive singular)
Varsovasi (nominative singular)
Varsovasi (accusative nominative singular)
Varsovasi (accusative genitive singular)
Varsovasi (genitive singular)
Varsovaasi (partitive singular)
Varsovassasi (inessive singular)
Varsovastasi (elative singular)
Varsovaasi (illative singular)
Varsovallasi (adessive singular)
Varsovaltasi (ablative singular)
Varsovallesi (allative singular)
Varsovanasi (essive singular)
Varsovaksesi (singular translative)
Varsovattasi (abessive singular)
Varsovamme (nominative singular)
Varsovamme (accusative nominative singular)
Varsovamme (accusative genitive singular)
Varsovamme (genitive singular)
Varsovaamme (partitive singular)
Varsovassamme (inessive singular)
Varsovastamme (elative singular)
Varsovaamme (illative singular)
Varsovallamme (adessive singular)
Varsovaltamme (ablative singular)
Varsovallemme (allative singular)
Varsovanamme (essive singular)
Varsovaksemme (singular translative)
Varsovattamme (abessive singular)
Varsovanne (nominative singular)
Varsovanne (accusative nominative singular)
Varsovanne (accusative genitive singular)
Varsovanne (genitive singular)
Varsovaanne (partitive singular)
Varsovassanne (inessive singular)
Varsovastanne (elative singular)
Varsovaanne (illative singular)
Varsovallanne (adessive singular)
Varsovaltanne (ablative singular)
Varsovallenne (allative singular)
Varsovananne (essive singular)
Varsovaksenne (singular translative)
Varsovattanne (abessive singular)
Varsovansa (nominative singular)
Varsovansa (accusative nominative singular)
Varsovansa (accusative genitive singular)
Varsovansa (genitive singular)
Varsovaansa (partitive singular)
Varsovassaan (inessive singular)
Varsovassansa (inessive singular)
Varsovastaan (elative singular)
Varsovastansa (elative singular)
Varsovaansa (illative singular)
Varsovallaan (adessive singular)
Varsovallansa (adessive singular)
Varsovaltaan (ablative singular)
Varsovaltansa (ablative singular)
Varsovalleen (allative singular)
Varsovallensa (allative singular)
Varsovanaan (essive singular)
Varsovanansa (essive singular)
Varsovakseen (singular translative)
Varsovaksensa (singular translative)
Varsovattaan (abessive singular)
Varsovattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈʋɑ̝rs̠o̞ʋɑ̝]


Варшава

be-proper noun

Варша́ва<sg>

Варша́ва • (Varšáva) f inan (genitive Варша́вы, uncountable, relational adjective варша́ўскі)

Варша́ва (canonical)
Varšáva (romanization)
Варша́вы (genitive)
варша́ўскі (adjective relational)
Варша́ва (nominative singular)
Варша́вы (genitive singular)
Варша́ве (dative singular)
Варша́ву (accusative singular)
Варша́вай (instrumental singular)
Варша́ваю (instrumental singular)
Варша́ве (locative singular)

be-ndecl

Варша́ва<sg>

у/ў Варша́ве

у/ў Варша́ву

з Варша́вы


Варшава

bg-proper noun

Варша́ва • (Varšáva) f (relational adjective варша́вски)

Варша́ва (canonical)
Varšáva (romanization)
варша́вски (adjective relational)
Варша́ва (indefinite singular)
Варша́во (singular vocative)


Варшава

head

Варшава • (Varşava)


Варшава

Варшава • (Varşava)

kk-prop

Варшава • (Varşava)


Варшава

head

Варшава • (Varşava) (Arabic spelling ۋارشاۋا)

Varşava (romanization)
ۋارشاۋا (Arabic)
Варшава (nominative singular)
Варшаванын (genitive singular)
Варшавага (dative singular)
Варшаваны (accusative singular)
Варшавада (locative singular)
Варшавадан (ablative singular)
Варшавам (first-person nominative singular)
Варшавамдын (first-person genitive singular)
Варшавама (dative first-person singular)
Варшавамды (accusative first-person singular)
Варшавамда (first-person locative singular)
Варшавамдан (ablative first-person singular)
Варшаваң (informal nominative second-person singular)
Варшаваңдын (genitive informal second-person singular)
Варшаваңа (dative informal second-person singular)
Варшаваңды (accusative informal second-person singular)
Варшаваңда (informal locative second-person singular)
Варшаваңдан (ablative informal second-person singular)
Варшаваңыз (formal nominative second-person singular)
Варшаваңыздын (formal genitive second-person singular)
Варшаваңызга (dative formal second-person singular)
Варшаваңызды (accusative formal second-person singular)
Варшаваңызда (formal locative second-person singular)
Варшаваңыздан (ablative formal second-person singular)

Borrowed from Russian Варша́ва (Varšáva), from Polish Warszawa.


Варшава

mk-proper noun

Варшава • (Varšava) f (relational adjective варшавски)

Varšava (romanization)
варшавски (adjective relational)


Варшава

ru-proper noun+

Варша́ва • (Varšáva) f inan (genitive Варша́вы, relational adjective варша́вский)

Варша́ва (canonical)
Varšáva (romanization)
Варша́вы (genitive)
варша́вский (adjective relational)
Варша́ва (nominative singular)
Варша́вы (genitive singular)
Варша́ве (dative singular)
Варша́ву (accusative singular)
Варша́вой (instrumental singular)
Варша́вою (instrumental singular)
Варша́ве (prepositional singular)
Варша́ва (dated nominative singular)
Варша́вы (dated genitive singular)
Варша́вѣ (dated dative singular)
Варша́ву (accusative dated singular)
Варша́вой (dated instrumental singular)
Варша́вою (dated instrumental singular)
Варша́вѣ (dated prepositional singular)

→ Kyrgyz: Варшава (Varşava)

→ Mongolian: Варшав (Varšav)

в Варша́ве

в Варша́ву

из Варша́вы


Варшава

Ва̀ршава (canonical feminine)
Vàršava (romanization)
Варшава (nominative singular)
Варшаве (genitive singular)
Варшави (dative singular)
Варшаву (accusative singular)
Варшаво (singular vocative)
Варшави (locative singular)
Варшавом (instrumental singular)


Варшава

head

Варшава • (Warşawa) (Latin spelling Varşava)

Warşawa (romanization)
Varşava (romanization)


Варшава

uk-proper noun

Варша́ва<sg>

варша́вський

Варша́ва • (Varšáva) f inan (genitive Варша́ви, uncountable, relational adjective варша́вський)

Варша́ва (canonical)
Varšáva (romanization)
Варша́ви (genitive)
варша́вський (adjective relational)
Варша́ва (nominative singular)
Варша́ви (genitive singular)
Варша́ві (dative singular)
Варша́ву (accusative singular)
Варша́вою (instrumental singular)
Варша́ві (locative singular)
Варша́во (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

Варша́ва<sg>

у/в Варша́ві

у/в Варша́ву

з Варша́ви


Varšava

cs-proper noun

Varšava f (relational adjective varšavský)

varšavský (adjective relational)
Varšava (nominative singular)
Varšavy (genitive singular)
Varšavě (dative singular)
Varšavu (accusative singular)
Varšavo (singular vocative)
Varšavě (locative singular)
Varšavou (instrumental singular)


Varšava

Varšava (nominative singular)
Varšavu (accusative singular)
Varšavas (genitive singular)
Varšavai (dative singular)
Varšavu (instrumental singular)
Varšavā (locative singular)
Varšava (singular vocative)


Varšava

Vàršava (canonical feminine)
Ва̀ршава (Cyrillic)
Varšava (nominative singular)
Varšave (genitive singular)
Varšavi (dative singular)
Varšavu (accusative singular)
Varšavo (singular vocative)
Varšavi (locative singular)
Varšavom (instrumental singular)


Varšava

sk-proper noun

Varšava f (genitive singular Varšavy, declension pattern of žena)

Varšavy (genitive singular)
žena (declension-pattern-of)
Varšava (nominative singular-only)
Varšavy (genitive singular-only)
Varšave (dative singular-only)
Varšavu (accusative singular-only)
Varšave (locative singular-only)
Varšavou (instrumental singular-only)


Varšava

Varšȃva (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Varšáva (nominative singular)
Varšáve (genitive singular)
Varšávi (dative singular)
Varšávo (accusative singular)
Varšávi (locative singular)
Varšávo (instrumental singular)


Краков

ru-proper noun+

Кра́ков • (Krákov) m inan (genitive Кра́кова)

Кра́ков (canonical)
Krákov (romanization)
Кра́кова (genitive)
Кра́ков (nominative singular)
Кра́кова (genitive singular)
Кра́кову (dative singular)
Кра́ков (accusative singular)
Кра́ковом (instrumental singular)
Кра́кове (prepositional singular)


Краков

Кра̏ков (canonical masculine)
Krȁkov (romanization)


Krakov

cs-proper noun

Krakov m inan (relational adjective krakovský, demonym Krakovan)

krakovský (adjective relational)
Krakovan (demonym)
Krakov (nominative singular)
Krakova (genitive singular)
Krakovu (dative singular)
Krakov (accusative singular)
Krakove (singular vocative)
Krakově (locative singular)
Krakovem (instrumental singular)


Krakov

Krȁkov (canonical masculine)
Кра̏ков (Cyrillic)


Krakov

sk-proper noun

Krakov m inan (genitive singular Krakova, declension pattern of dub)

Krakova (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Krakov (nominative singular-only)
Krakova (genitive singular-only)
Krakovu (dative singular-only)
Krakov (accusative singular-only)
Krakove (locative singular-only)
Krakovom (instrumental singular-only)


Będzin

pl-proper noun

Będzin m inan (related adjective będziński, demonym będzinianin, female demonym będzinianka)

będziński (adjective)
będzinianin (demonym)
będzinianka (demonym feminine)
Będzin (nominative singular)
Będzina (genitive singular)
Będzinowi (dative singular)
Będzin (accusative singular)
Będzinem (instrumental singular)
Będzinie (locative singular)
Będzinie (singular vocative)

An alternative form of Będzeń, itself a variation of the name *Będzan, influenced by the toponym forming affix -in.

West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Gmina Twardogóra
Gmina Twardogóra#English

Pojezierze Myśliborskie
Pojezierze Myśliborskie#English

Będzin (a village in Gmina Lipiany, Pyrzyce, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)

Będzin (a village in Gmina Twardogóra, Oleśnica, Lower Silesian, Poland)

Będzin (a lake in Pojezierze Myśliborskie district, Poland)


Վարշավա

head

Վարշավա • (Varšava)

hy-proper noun

Վարշավա • (Varšava)

Varšava (romanization)
Վարշավա (nominative singular singular-only)
Վարշավայի (dative singular singular-only)
Վարշավայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Վարշավայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Վարշավայում (locative singular singular-only)
Վարշավան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Վարշավային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Վարշավաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Վարշավայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Վարշավայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Վարշավայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Վարշավայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Վարշավադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վարշավայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վարշավայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վարշավայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Վարշավայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Վարշավաները/Վարշավաներն

Վարշավաներին

Վարշավաներից

Վարշավաներով

Վարշավաներում

Վարշավաներիս

Վարշավաներիցս

Վարշավաներովս

Վարշավայումս

Վարշավաներումս

Վարշավաներիդ

Վարշավաներիցդ

Վարշավաներովդ

Վարշավայումդ

Վարշավաներումդ


Varssavi

head

Varssavi (genitive Varssavi, partitive Varssavit)

Varssavi (genitive)
Varssavit (partitive)
Varssavi (nominative singular)
Varssavi (accusative nominative singular)
Varssavi (accusative genitive singular)
Varssavi (genitive singular)
Varssavit (partitive singular)
Varssavisse (illative singular)
Varssavis (inessive singular)
Varssavist (elative singular)
Varssavile (allative singular)
Varssavil (adessive singular)
Varssavilt (ablative singular)
Varssaviks (singular translative)
Varssavini (singular terminative)
Varssavina (essive singular)
Varssavita (abessive singular)
Varssaviga (comitative singular)

Varssavi pakt


Krakova

Krakova (nominative singular)
Krakova (accusative nominative singular)
Krakovan (accusative genitive singular)
Krakovan (genitive singular)
Krakovaa (partitive singular)
Krakovassa (inessive singular)
Krakovasta (elative singular)
Krakovaan (illative singular)
Krakovalla (adessive singular)
Krakovalta (ablative singular)
Krakovalle (allative singular)
Krakovana (essive singular)
Krakovaksi (singular translative)
Krakovatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Krakovani (nominative singular)
Krakovani (accusative nominative singular)
Krakovani (accusative genitive singular)
Krakovani (genitive singular)
Krakovaani (partitive singular)
Krakovassani (inessive singular)
Krakovastani (elative singular)
Krakovaani (illative singular)
Krakovallani (adessive singular)
Krakovaltani (ablative singular)
Krakovalleni (allative singular)
Krakovanani (essive singular)
Krakovakseni (singular translative)
Krakovattani (abessive singular)
Krakovasi (nominative singular)
Krakovasi (accusative nominative singular)
Krakovasi (accusative genitive singular)
Krakovasi (genitive singular)
Krakovaasi (partitive singular)
Krakovassasi (inessive singular)
Krakovastasi (elative singular)
Krakovaasi (illative singular)
Krakovallasi (adessive singular)
Krakovaltasi (ablative singular)
Krakovallesi (allative singular)
Krakovanasi (essive singular)
Krakovaksesi (singular translative)
Krakovattasi (abessive singular)
Krakovamme (nominative singular)
Krakovamme (accusative nominative singular)
Krakovamme (accusative genitive singular)
Krakovamme (genitive singular)
Krakovaamme (partitive singular)
Krakovassamme (inessive singular)
Krakovastamme (elative singular)
Krakovaamme (illative singular)
Krakovallamme (adessive singular)
Krakovaltamme (ablative singular)
Krakovallemme (allative singular)
Krakovanamme (essive singular)
Krakovaksemme (singular translative)
Krakovattamme (abessive singular)
Krakovanne (nominative singular)
Krakovanne (accusative nominative singular)
Krakovanne (accusative genitive singular)
Krakovanne (genitive singular)
Krakovaanne (partitive singular)
Krakovassanne (inessive singular)
Krakovastanne (elative singular)
Krakovaanne (illative singular)
Krakovallanne (adessive singular)
Krakovaltanne (ablative singular)
Krakovallenne (allative singular)
Krakovananne (essive singular)
Krakovaksenne (singular translative)
Krakovattanne (abessive singular)
Krakovansa (nominative singular)
Krakovansa (accusative nominative singular)
Krakovansa (accusative genitive singular)
Krakovansa (genitive singular)
Krakovaansa (partitive singular)
Krakovassaan (inessive singular)
Krakovassansa (inessive singular)
Krakovastaan (elative singular)
Krakovastansa (elative singular)
Krakovaansa (illative singular)
Krakovallaan (adessive singular)
Krakovallansa (adessive singular)
Krakovaltaan (ablative singular)
Krakovaltansa (ablative singular)
Krakovalleen (allative singular)
Krakovallensa (allative singular)
Krakovanaan (essive singular)
Krakovanansa (essive singular)
Krakovakseen (singular translative)
Krakovaksensa (singular translative)
Krakovattaan (abessive singular)
Krakovattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈkrɑ̝ko̞ʋɑ̝]


Warschau

→ Afrikaans: Warschau


Warschau

de-proper noun

Warschau n (proper noun, genitive Warschaus or (optionally with an article) Warschau)

Warschaus (genitive)
Warschau (genitive with-article)

→ Dutch: Warschau
→ Afrikaans: Warschau

→ Icelandic: Varsjá

→ Luxembourgish: Warschau


Krakau

(chiefly historical) Alternative spelling of Cracow, the capital city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland and former capital of Poland


Krakau

Cracow, the capital city of Lesser Poland Voivodeship and former capital of Poland.


Krakau

Krakau n (proper noun, genitive Krakaus or (optionally with an article) Krakau)

Krakaus (genitive)
Krakau (genitive with-article)

→ Dutch: Krakau

→ Icelandic: Kraká

Cracow, Krakow (the capital city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland and former capital of Poland)


Danzig

Danzig n (proper noun, genitive Danzigs or (optionally with an article) Danzig)

Danzigs (genitive)
Danzig (genitive with-article)

Cp. Danzke (at least 15th century), Dantzke (at least 16th century). Ultimately of Slavic origin. Cognate to Polish Gdańsk. For the -zig suffix, compare Leipzig (< Lipsk).

Gdańsk, Danzig (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Auschwitz

From German Auschwitz, the German name for the town known in Polish as Oświęcim, which the concentration camp was near.


Vratislav

Vratislav (nominative singular)
Vratislave (genitive singular)
Vratislavi (dative singular)
Vratislav (accusative singular)
Vratislavi (singular vocative)
Vratislavi (locative singular)
Vratislaví (instrumental singular)


Gdaňsk

cs-proper noun

Gdaňsk m inan (relational adjective gdaňský)

gdaňský (adjective relational)
Gdaňsk (nominative singular)
Gdaňska (genitive singular)
Gdaňsku (genitive singular)
Gdaňsku (dative singular)
Gdaňsk (accusative singular)
Gdaňsku (singular vocative)
Gdaňsku (locative singular)
Gdaňskem (instrumental singular)


Poznań

A city in Poland, alternative spelling of Poznan


Poznań

Poznań (nominative singular)
Poznania (genitive singular)
Poznaniowi (dative singular)
Poznań (accusative singular)
Poznaniem (instrumental singular)
Poznaniu (locative singular)
Poznaniu (singular vocative)

Possessive form of the Old Polish name Poznan, itself from poznać (“to learn, to get to know (a person)”).

Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship#English

Poznan (the capital city of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Wrocław

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Wrocław. Doublet of Breslau.

A city, located in Silesia in what is now southwestern Poland. (At different points in history, the city has been part of Bohemia, Prussia, Germany, and Poland.)


Wrocław

Wrocław (nominative singular)
Wrocławia (genitive singular)
Wrocławiowi (dative singular)
Wrocław (accusative singular)
Wrocławiem (instrumental singular)
Wrocławiu (locative singular)
Wrocławiu (singular vocative)

From Wrocisław, Wrócisław, or Warcisław, an Old Polish given name, cognate with the Czech Vratislav. The name is derived from wrócić (“to return; archaically: to give back, to defeat a foe, to force to flee”) + -sław (“name, respect, glory, reputation”). Traditionally considered to be named after Vratislaus I, Duke of Bohemia, the legendary founder of the city. However, this hypothesis is problematic, since the first records of the city's existence are several decades later than the death of Vratislaus I.

named-after

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship#English

Wrocław (the capital city of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Szczecin

A city in what is now Poland; the capital of West Pomeranian Voivodeship; Stettin.


Szczecin

Szczecin (nominative singular)
Szczecina (genitive singular)
Szczecinowi (dative singular)
Szczecin (accusative singular)
Szczecinem (instrumental singular)
Szczecinie (locative singular)
Szczecinie (singular vocative)

/ˈʂt͡ʂɛ.t͡ɕin/

Most likely from szczeć (“teasel”) + -in. The city at one time had a German name, Bürstenburg, of similar meaning.

Szczecin (the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Szczecin

Szczecin, Stettin (a city in the West Pomerania, Poland)


Białystok

Borrowed from Polish Białystok (“white slope”).

A city, the capital of Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland; largest city in northeastern Poland.


Białystok

pl-proper noun

Białystok m inan (related adjective białostocki)

białostocki (adjective)
Białystok (nominative singular)
Białegostoku (genitive singular)
Białemustokowi (dative singular)
Białystok (accusative singular)
Białymstokiem (instrumental singular)
Białymstoku (locative singular)
Białystoku (singular vocative)

Podlaskie Voivodeship
Podlaskie Voivodeship#English

Bialystok (the capital city of the Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland)


Lublin

de-proper noun

Lublin n (proper noun, genitive Lublins or (optionally with an article) Lublin)

Lublins (genitive)
Lublin (genitive with-article)

Borrowed from Polish Lublin. Final stress after German placenames in -in (like Berlin, Schwerin, Templin). The same syllable is also stressed in Polish inflected forms.


Lublin

pl-prop

Lublin m inan (related adjective lubelski)

lubelski (adjective)
Lublin (nominative singular)
Lublina (genitive singular)
Lublinowi (dative singular)
Lublin (accusative singular)
Lublinem (instrumental singular)
Lublinie (locative singular)
Lublinie (singular vocative)

→ English: Lublin

→ German: Lublin

Inherited from Old Polish Lublin, from the given name *Lubla/*Lubel + -in (compare Lubomir, Lubogost).

Mieszkam w Lublinie.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship#English

Lublin (the capital city of the Lublin Voivodeship, Poland)


Waršawa

Waršawa (nominative singular uncountable)
Waršawy (genitive singular uncountable)
Waršawje (dative singular uncountable)
Waršawu (accusative singular uncountable)
Waršawu (instrumental singular uncountable)
Waršawje (locative singular uncountable)


Waršawa

Waršawa (nominative singular)
Waršawje (dual nominative)
Waršawy (nominative plural)
Waršawy (genitive singular)
Waršawow (dual genitive)
Waršawow (genitive plural)
Waršawje (dative singular)
Waršawomaj (dative dual)
Waršawam (dative plural)
Waršawu (accusative singular)
Waršawje (accusative dual)
Waršawy (accusative plural)
Waršawu (instrumental singular)
Waršawomaj (dual instrumental)
Waršawami (instrumental plural)
Waršawje (locative singular)
Waršawomaj (dual locative)
Waršawach (locative plural)
Waršawa (singular vocative)
Waršawje (dual vocative)
Waršawy (plural vocative)


Varşova

Varşova (nominative singular)
Varşova'yı (accusative singular)
Varşova'ya (dative singular)
Varşova'da (locative singular)
Varşova'dan (ablative singular)
Varşova'nın (genitive singular)


ワルシャワ

Borrowed from Polish Warszawa. Compare Russian Варшава (Varšava).

Warsaw (a city, the capital city of Poland)


Varsó

Varsó (nominative singular)
Varsót (accusative singular)
Varsónak (dative singular)
Varsóval (instrumental singular)
Varsóért (causal-final singular)
Varsóvá (singular translative)
Varsóig (singular terminative)
Varsóként (essive-formal singular)
Varsóban (inessive singular)
Varsón (singular superessive)
Varsónál (adessive singular)
Varsóba (illative singular)
Varsóra (singular sublative)
Varsóhoz (allative singular)
Varsóból (elative singular)
Varsóról (delative singular)
Varsótól (ablative singular)
Varsóé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Varsóéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Varsóm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Varsód (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Varsója (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Varsónk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Varsótok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Varsójuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Bydgoszcz

pl-proper noun

Bydgoszcz f (related adjective bydgoski, demonym bydgoszczanin, female demonym bydgoszczanka)

bydgoski (adjective)
bydgoszczanin (demonym)
bydgoszczanka (demonym feminine)
Bydgoszcz (nominative singular)
Bydgoszczy (genitive singular)
Bydgoszczy (dative singular)
Bydgoszcz (accusative singular)
Bydgoszczą (instrumental singular)
Bydgoszczy (locative singular)
Bydgoszczy (singular vocative)

/ˈbɘd.ɡɔʂt͡ʂ/

Originally possessive adjective, from name *Byd(i)gostь + *-jь, a lengthened variant of Proto-Slavic *Bъdigostь, from the imperative form of *bъděti (“to be awake”) + *gostь (“guest”).

Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Bydgoszcz (the capital city of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Bydgoszcz

Bydgoszcz (a city in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Bydgoszcz

sk-proper noun

Bydgoszcz m inan (genitive singular Bydgoszcza, declension pattern of dub)

Bydgoszcza (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Bydgoszcz (nominative singular-only)
Bydgoszcza (genitive singular-only)
Bydgoszczu (dative singular-only)
Bydgoszcz (accusative singular-only)
Bydgoszczi (locative singular-only)
Bydgoszczom (instrumental singular-only)

[ˈbidɡɔʃt͡ʃ]


Katowice

Any English traveller approaching Katowice will be strongly reminded of Lancashire.

1848, The New Central European Observer, volume 2, page 117:

Trains from Warsaw to Vienna now go by the shorter route from Warsaw to Katowice instead of via Cracow.

1922, United States Department of Commerce, Commerce Reports, volume 3, page 47:

On visiting Katowice in southwest Poland, Jeremy Melvin met up with Archistudio, the architects of a substantial new judicial precinct that is due for completion in 2008.

2006, Valentina Croci, The New Europe, volume 76, page 104:

Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship#English

A city in southern Poland; capital of the Silesian Voivodeship.


Katowice

pl-prop

Katowice nvir pl (related adjective katowicki, demonym katowiczanin, female demonym katowiczanka)

katowicki (adjective)
katowiczanin (demonym)
katowiczanka (demonym feminine)
Katowice (nominative plural)
Katowic (genitive plural)
Katowicom (dative plural)
Katowice (accusative plural)
Katowicami (instrumental plural)
Katowicach (locative plural)
Katowice (plural vocative)

Uncertain. There are two theories. Most likely, it comes from the nickname kat (“executioner, hangman”), used to describe the first settler. The second theory is that it comes from the word kąt (“angle”).

Katowice (the capital and largest city of the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Gdynia

Gdynia f (related adjective gdyński, demonym gdynianin, female demonym gdynianka)

gdyński (adjective)
gdynianin (demonym)
gdynianka (demonym feminine)
Gdynia (nominative singular)
Gdyni (genitive singular)
Gdyni (dative singular)
Gdynię (accusative singular)
Gdynią (instrumental singular)
Gdyni (locative singular)
Gdynio (singular vocative)

Gdynia (a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Gdynia

sk-proper noun

Gdynia f (genitive singular Gdynie, declension pattern of ulica)

Gdynie (genitive singular)
ulica (declension-pattern-of)
Gdynia (nominative singular-only)
Gdynie (genitive singular-only)
Gdynii (dative singular-only)
Gdyniu (accusative singular-only)
Gdynii (locative singular-only)
Gdyniou (instrumental singular-only)


Częstochowa

/ˌt͡ʃɛnstəˈkəʊvə/

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Częstochowa.

unadapted borrowing

A city in southern Poland, on the Warta river, with 240,027 inhabitants as of June 2009.


Częstochowa

pl-proper noun

Częstochowa f (related adjective częstochowski, demonym częstochowianin, female demonym częstochowianka)

częstochowski (adjective)
częstochowianin (demonym)
częstochowianka (demonym feminine)
Częstochowa (nominative singular)
Częstochowy (genitive singular)
Częstochowie (dative singular)
Częstochowę (accusative singular)
Częstochową (instrumental singular)
Częstochowie (locative singular)
Częstochowo (singular vocative)

From the given name Częstoch m + -owa f (adjectival suffix).


Radom

Radom (nominative singular)
Radomia (genitive singular)
Radomiowi (dative singular)
Radom (accusative singular)
Radomiem (instrumental singular)
Radomiu (locative singular)
Radomiu (singular vocative)

Radom (a city in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)


Sosnowiec

Sosnowiec (nominative singular)
Sosnowce (nominative plural)
Sosnowca (genitive singular)
Sosnowców (genitive plural)
Sosnowcowi (dative singular)
Sosnowcom (dative plural)
Sosnowiec (accusative singular)
Sosnowce (accusative plural)
Sosnowcem (instrumental singular)
Sosnowcami (instrumental plural)
Sosnowcu (locative singular)
Sosnowcach (locative plural)
Sosnowcu (singular vocative)
Sosnowce (plural vocative)

Sosnowiec (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Toruń

From Polish Toruń, from Medieval Latin Thorun.

A city in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.


Toruń

pl-prop

Toruń m inan (related adjective toruński)

toruński (adjective)
Toruń (nominative singular)
Torunia (genitive singular)
Toruniowi (dative singular)
Toruń (accusative singular)
Toruniem (instrumental singular)
Toruniu (locative singular)
Toruniu (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: То́рунь (Tórunʹ)

→ Czech: Toruň

→ English: Toruń

→ Kashubian: Torń

→ Lithuanian: Torunė

→ Russian: То́рунь (Tórunʹ)

→ Slovak: Toruň

→ Ukrainian: То́рунь (Tórunʹ)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Thorun.

lbor

Toruń (the capital and largest city of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Kielce

A city in central Poland, the capital of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship.


Kielce

pl-prop

Kielce nvir pl (related adjective kielecki, demonym kielczanin, female demonym kielczanka)

kielecki (adjective)
kielczanin (demonym)
kielczanka (demonym feminine)
Kielce (nominative plural)
Kielc (genitive plural)
Kielcom (dative plural)
Kielce (accusative plural)
Kielcami (instrumental plural)
Kielcach (locative plural)
Kielce (plural vocative)

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship#English

Kielce (the capital and largest city of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland)


Gliwice

Gliwice nvir pl (related adjective gliwicki, demonym gliwiczanin, female demonym gliwiczanka)

gliwicki (adjective)
gliwiczanin (demonym)
gliwiczanka (demonym feminine)
Gliwice (nominative plural)
Gliwic (genitive plural)
Gliwicom (dative plural)
Gliwice (accusative plural)
Gliwicami (instrumental plural)
Gliwicach (locative plural)
Gliwice (plural vocative)

→ Czech: Hlivice

→ English: Gliwice

→ German: Gleiwitz

Gliwice (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Zabrze

de-proper noun

Zabrze n (proper noun, genitive Zabrzes or (optionally with an article) Zabrze)

Zabrzes (genitive)
Zabrze (genitive with-article)

From Polish Zabrze. Although the town was Prussian since 1742, the spelling of its name was never Germanized (as e.g. in Kattowitz or Schwientochlowitz). In 1915 it was renamed to Hindenburg, however, a name it held until 1945.

A city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland


Zabrze

Zabrze (nominative singular)
Zabrza (genitive singular)
Zabrzu (dative singular)
Zabrze (accusative singular)
Zabrzem (instrumental singular)
Zabrzu (locative singular)
Zabrze (singular vocative)

Zabrze (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Bytom

pl-proper noun

Bytom m inan (related adjective bytomski, demonym bytomianin, female demonym bytomianka)

bytomski (adjective)
bytomianin (demonym)
bytomianka (demonym feminine)
Bytom (nominative singular)
Bytomia (genitive singular)
Bytomiowi (dative singular)
Bytom (accusative singular)
Bytomiem (instrumental singular)
Bytomiu (locative singular)
Bytomiu (singular vocative)

Bytom (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Olsztyn

Borrowed from Polish Olsztyn, from German Allenstein.

A city in northeastern Poland, the capital city of the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship.


Olsztyn

pl-prop

Olsztyn m inan (related adjective olsztyński)

olsztyński (adjective)
Olsztyn (nominative singular)
Olsztynu (genitive singular)
Olsztynowi (dative singular)
Olsztyn (accusative singular)
Olsztynem (instrumental singular)
Olsztynie (locative singular)
Olsztynie (singular vocative)

Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship#English

Olsztyn (the capital city of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland)


Bielsko-Biała

A city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland.


Bielsko-Biała

Bielsko-Biała n or f (related adjective bielski or bielsko-bialski)

bielski (adjective)
bielsko-bialski (adjective)
Bielsko-Biała (nominative singular)
Bielska-Białej (genitive singular)
Bielsku-Białej (dative singular)
Bielsko-Białą (accusative singular)
Bielskiem-Białą (instrumental singular)
Bielsku-Białej (locative singular)
Bielsko-Biała (singular vocative)

Bielsko-Biała (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Rzeszów

Rzeszów m inan (related adjective rzeszowski)

rzeszowski (adjective)
Rzeszów (nominative singular)
Rzeszowa (genitive singular)
Rzeszowowi (dative singular)
Rzeszów (accusative singular)
Rzeszowem (instrumental singular)
Rzeszowie (locative singular)
Rzeszowie (singular vocative)

desc

→ Belarusian: Жэ́шаў (Žéšaŭ), Рэ́шаў (Réšaŭ)

→ Crimean Tatar: Jeşuv

→ Czech: Řešov

→ English: Rzeszów

→ German: Reichshof, Resche

→ Latin: Resovia

→ Latvian: Žešova

→ Lithuanian: Žešova, Žešuvas

→ Russian: Же́шув (Žéšuv)

→ Silesian: Rzeszůw

→ Slovak: Rešov

→ Ukrainian: Ря́шів (Rjášiv), Же́шув (Žéšuv)

→ Yiddish: ריישע (reyshe)

From earlier *Rzaszów, from the personal name *Rzasz + -ów, from rzegotać. The change to Rzeszów (Rza > Rze) is irregular, resulting from a raising from palatal rz, historically pronounced /r̝/.

Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Subcarpathian Voivodeship#English

Rzeszów (the capital city of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in southeastern Poland)


Zgierz

A city and county of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland.


Zgierz

Zgierz (nominative singular)
Zgierza (genitive singular)
Zgierzowi (dative singular)
Zgierz (accusative singular)
Zgierzem (instrumental singular)
Zgierzu (locative singular)
Zgierzu (singular vocative)

Zgierz (a city in the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Ruda Śląska

Ruda Śląska (nominative singular)
Rudy Śląskiej (genitive singular)
Rudzie Śląskiej (dative singular)
Rudę Śląską (accusative singular)
Rudą Śląską (instrumental singular)
Rudzie Śląskiej (locative singular)
Rudo Śląska (singular vocative)


Rybnik

pl-prop

Rybnik m inan (related adjective rybnicki)

rybnicki (adjective)
Rybnik (nominative singular)
Rybnika (genitive singular)
Rybnikowi (dative singular)
Rybnik (accusative singular)
Rybnikiem (instrumental singular)
Rybniku (locative singular)
Rybniku (singular vocative)

Rybnik (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Tychy

Tychy (nominative plural)
Tychów (genitive plural)
Tych (genitive plural)
Tychom (dative plural)
Tychy (accusative plural)
Tychami (instrumental plural)
Tychach (locative plural)
Tychy (plural vocative)

Tychy (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Dąbrowa Górnicza

Dąbrowa Górnicza (nominative singular)
Dąbrowy Górniczej (genitive singular)
Dąbrowie Górniczej (dative singular)
Dąbrowę Górniczą (accusative singular)
Dąbrową Górniczą (instrumental singular)
Dąbrowie Górniczej (locative singular)
Dąbrowo Górnicza (singular vocative)

Dąbrowa Górnicza
Dąbrowa Górnicza#English

Dąbrowa Górnicza (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Płock

Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship#English

A city in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland.


Płock

Płock (nominative singular)
Płocka (genitive singular)
Płockowi (dative singular)
Płock (accusative singular)
Płockiem (instrumental singular)
Płocku (locative singular)
Płocku (singular vocative)

Płock (a city in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)


Opole

opolski (adjective)
Opole (nominative singular)
Opola (genitive singular)
Opolu (dative singular)
Opole (accusative singular)
Opolem (instrumental singular)
Opolu (locative singular)
Opole (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Апо́ле (Apólje)

→ Czech: Opolí

→ English: Opole

→ German: Oppeln

→ Lithuanian: Opolė

→ Russian: Опо́ле (Opóle)

→ Slovak: Opole

→ Ukrainian: Опо́ле (Opóle)

Inherited from Old Polish Opole, from opole.

Opole Voivodeship
Opole Voivodeship#English

Opole (the capital city of the Opole Voivodeship, Poland)


Elbląg

Elbląg m inan (related adjective elbląski, demonym elblążanin, female demonym elblążanka)

elbląski (adjective)
elblążanin (demonym)
elblążanka (demonym feminine)
Elbląg (nominative singular)
Elbląga (genitive singular)
Elblągowi (dative singular)
Elbląg (accusative singular)
Elblągiem (instrumental singular)
Elblągu (locative singular)
Elblągu (singular vocative)

Elbląg (a city in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland)


Gorzów Wielkopolski

Borrowed from Polish Gorzów Wielkopolski.

Lubusz Voivodeship
Lubusz Voivodeship#English

One of two capitals of Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland.


Gorzów Wielkopolski

Gorzów Wielkopolski m inan (related adjective gorzowski, abbreviation Gorzów Wlkp.)

gorzowski (adjective)
Gorzów Wlkp. (abbreviation)
Gorzów Wielkopolski (nominative singular)
Gorzowa Wielkopolskiego (genitive singular)
Gorzowowi Wielkopolskiemu (dative singular)
Gorzów Wielkopolski (accusative singular)
Gorzowem Wielkopolskim (instrumental singular)
Gorzowie Wielkopolskim (locative singular)
Gorzowie Wielkopolski (singular vocative)

Literally, “Greater Poland Gorzów”. Renamed after World War II as a calque of German Landsberg an der Warthe by analogy to Gorzów Śląski, which had a well-established, historic German name of Landsberg in Oberschlesien.

cal

Gorzów Wielkopolski
Gorzów Wielkopolski#English

Gorzów Wielkopolski (the capital city of the Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland)


Wałbrzych

A city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland.


Wałbrzych

Wałbrzych (nominative singular)
Wałbrzycha (genitive singular)
Wałbrzychowi (dative singular)
Wałbrzych (accusative singular)
Wałbrzychem (instrumental singular)
Wałbrzychu (locative singular)
Wałbrzychu (singular vocative)

Wałbrzych (a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Włocławek

Włocławek (nominative singular)
Włocławka (genitive singular)
Włocławkowi (dative singular)
Włocławek (accusative singular)
Włocławkiem (instrumental singular)
Włocławku (locative singular)
Włocławku (singular vocative)

Włocławek (a city in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Zielona Góra

pl-prop

Zielona Góra f (related adjective zielonogórski)

zielonogórski (adjective)
Zielona Góra (nominative singular)
Zielonej Góry (genitive singular)
Zielonej Górze (dative singular)
Zieloną Górę (accusative singular)
Zieloną Górą (instrumental singular)
Zielonej Górze (locative singular)
Zielona Góro (singular vocative)

Zielona Góra (the capital city of the Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland)


Lodz

Łódź Voivodeship
Łódź Voivodeship#English

The capital city of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland, also spelled Łódź.


Lodz

de-noun

Lodz n (strong, genitive Lodzs or Lodz' or (with an article) Lodz, no plural)

Lodzs (genitive)
Lodz' (genitive)
Lodz (genitive)

Łódź

with Polish diacritics; learned or official


Lodz

Lodz, Łódź (the capital city of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Tarnów

pl-prop

Tarnów m inan (related adjective tarnowski)

tarnowski (adjective)
Tarnów (nominative singular)
Tarnowa (genitive singular)
Tarnowowi (dative singular)
Tarnów (accusative singular)
Tarnowem (instrumental singular)
Tarnowie (locative singular)
Tarnowie (singular vocative)

Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship#English

Tarnów (a city in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Chorzów

A southern Polish city near Katowice in Silesia on the River Rawa.


Chorzów

Chorzów m inan (related adjective chorzowski, demonym chorzowianin, female demonym chorzowianka)

chorzowski (adjective)
chorzowianin (demonym)
chorzowianka (demonym feminine)
Chorzów (nominative singular)
Chorzowa (genitive singular)
Chorzowowi (dative singular)
Chorzów (accusative singular)
Chorzowem (instrumental singular)
Chorzowie (locative singular)
Chorzowie (singular vocative)

→ English: Chorzów

Unknown. Possible etymologies include:
* from chory (“ill”) + -ów, meaning “unhealthy place” or “town of sick people”;
* from Chorz + -ów, where Chorz is an archaic personal name, possibly a diminutive of Zachariasz;
* from the place name Zversov.
The city developed during the industrialization and was called Königshütte (literally “Royal Ironworks”) by the Prussians. This was translated to Polish as Królewska Huta, but in 1934, the official name was changed to Chorzów, the name of an original village in the area of the city, which was first attested in the 12th century.

Chorzów (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Kalisz

A city and county of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland.


Kalisz

pl-proper noun

Kalisz m inan (related adjective kaliski, demonym kaliszanin, female demonym kaliszanka)

kaliski (adjective)
kaliszanin (demonym)
kaliszanka (demonym feminine)
Kalisz (nominative singular)
Kalisza (genitive singular)
Kaliszowi (dative singular)
Kalisz (accusative singular)
Kaliszem (instrumental singular)
Kaliszu (locative singular)
Kaliszu (singular vocative)

Kalisz (a city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Koszalin

pl-prop

Koszalin m inan (related adjective koszaliński, demonym koszalinianin, female demonym koszalinianka)

koszaliński (adjective)
koszalinianin (demonym)
koszalinianka (demonym feminine)
Koszalin (nominative singular)
Koszalina (genitive singular)
Koszalinowi (dative singular)
Koszalin (accusative singular)
Koszalinem (instrumental singular)
Koszalinie (locative singular)
Koszalinie (singular vocative)

West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Koszalin (a city in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Legnica

pl-proper noun

Legnica f (related adjective legnicki, demonym legniczanin, female demonym legniczanka)

legnicki (adjective)
legniczanin (demonym)
legniczanka (demonym feminine)
Legnica (nominative singular)
Legnicy (genitive singular)
Legnicy (dative singular)
Legnicę (accusative singular)
Legnicą (instrumental singular)
Legnicy (locative singular)
Legnico (singular vocative)

Legnica (a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Grudziądz

A city in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.


Grudziądz

Grudziądz m inan (related adjective grudziądzki, demonym grudziądzanin, female demonym grudziądzanka)

grudziądzki (adjective)
grudziądzanin (demonym)
grudziądzanka (demonym feminine)
Grudziądz (nominative singular)
Grudziądza (genitive singular)
Grudziądzowi (dative singular)
Grudziądz (accusative singular)
Grudziądzem (instrumental singular)
Grudziądzu (locative singular)
Grudziądzu (singular vocative)

Grudziądz (a city in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Słupsk

Słupsk (nominative singular)
Słupsku (genitive singular)
Słupskowi (dative singular)
Słupsk (accusative singular)
Słupskiem (instrumental singular)
Słupsku (locative singular)
Słupsku (singular vocative)

Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Słupsk (a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland)


Jaworzno

A city in the Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.


Jaworzno

pl-prop

Jaworzno n (related adjective jaworzniański or jaworznicki)

jaworzniański (adjective)
jaworznicki (adjective)
Jaworzno (nominative singular)
Jaworzna (genitive singular)
Jaworznu (dative singular)
Jaworzno (accusative singular)
Jaworznem (instrumental singular)
Jaworźnie (locative singular)
Jaworzno (singular vocative)

Jaworzno (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Jastrzębie-Zdrój

Jastrzębie-Zdrój (nominative singular)
Jastrzębia-Zdroju (genitive singular)
Jastrzębiu-Zdrojowi (dative singular)
Jastrzębie-Zdrój (accusative singular)
Jastrzębiem-Zdrojem (instrumental singular)
Jastrzębiu-Zdroju (locative singular)
Jastrzębie-Zdroju (singular vocative)

Jastrzębie-Zdrój (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Jelenia Góra

pl-proper noun

Jelenia Góra f (related adjective jeleniogórski, demonym jeleniogórzanin, female demonym jeleniogórzanka)

jeleniogórski (adjective)
jeleniogórzanin (demonym)
jeleniogórzanka (demonym feminine)
Jelenia Góra (nominative singular)
Jeleniej Góry (genitive singular)
Jeleniej Górze (dative singular)
Jelenią Górę (accusative singular)
Jelenią Górą (instrumental singular)
Jeleniej Górze (locative singular)
Jelenia Góro (singular vocative)

Literally, “Deer Mountain”. Calque of German Hirschberg.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship#English

Jelenia Góra (a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Wroclaw

Alternative (anglicized) spelling of Wrocław


Wroclaw

Wrocław, Breslau (a city in the Lower Silesia, Poland)


Varsovia

la-proper noun

Varsovia f sg (genitive Varsoviae); first declension

Varsoviae (genitive)
Varsovia (nominative singular)
Varsoviae (genitive singular)
Varsoviae (dative singular)
Varsoviam (accusative singular)
Varsoviā (ablative singular)
Varsovia (singular vocative)
Varsoviae (locative singular)

Catalan: Varsòvia

French: Varsovie

Galician: Varsovia

Italian: Varsavia

Portuguese: Varsóvia

Romanian: Varșovia

Spanish: Varsovia


Zamość

A city in the Lublin Voivodeship, Poland.


Zamość

Zamość (nominative singular)
Zamościa (genitive singular)
Zamościowi (dative singular)
Zamość (accusative singular)
Zamościem (instrumental singular)
Zamościu (locative singular)
Zamościu (singular vocative)

Zamość (a city in the Lublin Voivodeship, Poland)


Cracovia

Cracōvia f sg (genitive Cracōviae); first declension

Cracōvia (canonical feminine singular)
Cracōviae (genitive)
Cracōvia (nominative singular)
Cracōviae (genitive singular)
Cracōviae (dative singular)
Cracōviam (accusative singular)
Cracōviā (ablative singular)
Cracōvia (singular vocative)
Cracōviae (locative singular)


바르샤바

[pa̠ɾɯɕʰa̠ba̠]


וורשה

he-proper noun

וורשה / וַרְשָׁה • (vársha) f

וַרְשָׁה (canonical)
vársha (romanization)

Warsaw (the capital city of Poland; capital city of the Masovian Voivodeship)


Stettin

de-proper noun

Stettin n (proper noun, genitive Stettins or (optionally with an article) Stettin)

Stettins (genitive)
Stettin (genitive with-article)

Stettin, Szczecin (a city in West Pomerania voivodeship, Poland)


Stettin

Stettin, Szczecin (a city in the West Pomerania, Poland)


Poznan

Poznan (a city in the Greater Poland, Poland)


Breslavia

tl-proper noun

Breslavia (Baybayin spelling ᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜎᜊ᜔ᜌ)

ᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜎᜊ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)


Posen

de-proper noun

Posen n (proper noun, genitive Posens or (optionally with an article) Posen)

Posens (genitive)
Posen (genitive with-article)

Poznan (a city in Greater Poland, Poland)


Kraká

Krakár (genitive)
Kraká (indefinite nominative singular)
Kraká (accusative indefinite singular)
Kraká (dative indefinite singular)
Krakár (genitive indefinite singular)


克拉科夫

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄜ ㄈㄨ

/kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ fɔː⁵⁵ fuː⁵⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ fɔː⁵⁵ fuː⁵⁵/


Breslau

Breslau n (proper noun, genitive Breslaus or (optionally with an article) Breslau)

Breslaus (genitive)
Breslau (genitive with-article)

Ultimately of Slavic origin. Cognate to Polish Wrocław.


Breslau

Wrocław (a city in the Lower Silesia, Poland)


Danzica

Borrowed from German Danzig, from Polish Gdańsk.


Osvětim

Osvětim (nominative singular)
Osvětimi (genitive singular)
Osvětimi (dative singular)
Osvětim (accusative singular)
Osvětimi (singular vocative)
Osvětimi (locative singular)
Osvětimí (instrumental singular)


Oświęcim

Oświęcim (nominative singular)
Oświęcimia (genitive singular)
Oświęcimiowi (dative singular)
Oświęcim (accusative singular)
Oświęcimiem (instrumental singular)
Oświęcimiu (locative singular)
Oświęcimiu (singular vocative)

From older Uswiczin. First attested as Ospenchin in a Latin text


Zhořelec

cs-proper noun

Zhořelec m inan (relational adjective zhořelecký)

zhořelecký (adjective relational)
Zhořelec (nominative singular)
Zhořelce (genitive singular)
Zhořelci (dative singular)
Zhořelec (accusative singular)
Zhořelci (singular vocative)
Zhořelci (locative singular)
Zhořelcem (instrumental singular)


Sopot

A city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland,


Sopot

pl-prop

Sopot m inan (related adjective sopocki)

sopocki (adjective)
Sopot (nominative singular)
Sopotu (genitive singular)
Sopotowi (dative singular)
Sopot (accusative singular)
Sopotem (instrumental singular)
Sopocie (locative singular)
Sopocie (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sopotъ (“place with echo, resound”), from *so(p)ti (“to wheeze, to whistle”).

inh+

Sopot (a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Chelm

Borrowed from Polish Chełm. Doublet of holm.

The fool I am, the fool. A citizen of Chelm, an idiot, one of those characters my grandfather's legends are made of.

1999, Martha Blum, The Walnut Tree, Coteau, →ISBN, page 100:

You are the quintessential Chelmsman, Art -- indeed, you are the prince of the Sages of Chelm.

2010 January 27, "nordicskiv2" <David.L.Webb@Dartmouth.edu>, "Re: HELMsman", message-ID <6dd30c30-f7a7-4c45-b737-bf2cf44c9e49@l19g2000yqb.googlegroups.com>, humanities.lit.authors.shakespeare, Usenet http://google.com/group/humanities.lit.authors.shakespeare/msg/929cd7405c1a35a3

A city in Poland, known for the Jewish stories about its (mythical) stupid residents.


Waldenburg

de-proper noun

Waldenburg n (proper noun, genitive Waldenburgs or (optionally with an article) Waldenburg)

Waldenburgs (genitive)
Waldenburg (genitive with-article)
Waldenburg (definite nominative singular)
Waldenburgs (definite genitive singular)
Waldenburg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Waldenburg (dative definite singular)
Waldenburg (accusative definite singular)

Wałbrzych (a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland)


華沙

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ saː⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa³³/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ sa⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

/hua¹³⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ saː⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa³³/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ sa⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

/hua¹³⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

Warsaw (a city, the capital city of Poland)


ביאַלאָסטאָק

head

ביאַלאָסטאָק • (Byalostok)

Podlaskie Voivodeship
Podlaskie Voivodeship#English

Białystok (the capital city of the Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland)


Varsóvia

[bɐɾˈsɔ.βjɐ]

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Varsovia, a Latinised form of Old Polish Warszowa.


Neustadt

de-proper noun

Neustadt n (proper noun, genitive Neustadts or (optionally with an article) Neustadt)

Neustadts (genitive)
Neustadt (genitive with-article)
Neustadt (definite nominative singular)
Neustadts (definite genitive singular)
Neustadt (definite genitive singular with-article)
Neustadt (dative definite singular)
Neustadt (accusative definite singular)

By surface analysis, neu (“new”) + Stadt (“city, town”).

surf

Neustadt in Westpreußen
Neustadt in Westpreußen#German

(historical) Wejherowo (a city in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland; full German name Neustadt in Westpreußen)


Poznaň

cs-proper noun

Poznaň f (relational adjective poznaňský)

poznaňský (adjective relational)
Poznaň (nominative singular)
Poznaně (genitive singular)
Poznani (dative singular)
Poznaň (accusative singular)
Poznani (singular vocative)
Poznani (locative singular)
Poznaní (instrumental singular)

Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship#English

Poznan (the capital city of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Poznaň

sk-proper noun

Poznaň f (genitive singular Poznane, declension pattern of dlaň)

Poznane (genitive singular)
dlaň (declension-pattern-of)
Poznaň (nominative singular-only)
Poznane (genitive singular-only)
Poznani (dative singular-only)
Poznaň (accusative singular-only)
Poznani (locative singular-only)
Poznaňou (instrumental singular-only)


Byłc-Bejł

Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship#English

Bielsko-Biała (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Bjalistoko

Borrowed from Polish Białystok, from biały (“white”) + stok (“slope”).


Suwałki

Suwałki (nominative plural)
Suwałk (genitive plural)
Suwałkom (dative plural)
Suwałki (accusative plural)
Suwałkami (instrumental plural)
Suwałkach (locative plural)
Suwałki (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: Suvalkija

Borrowed from Lithuanian Suvalkai, from Lithuanian su- (“near”) + the root of valka (“small river, swampy place”).


ვარშავა

varšava (romanization)
ვარშავა (nominative singular)
ვარშავამ (ergative singular)
ვარშავას (dative singular)
ვარშავას (dative singular)
ვარშავასაs) (dative singular)
ვარშავასაsa) (dative singular)
ვარშავის (genitive singular)
ვარშავის (genitive singular)
ვარშავისაs) (genitive singular)
ვარშავისაsa) (genitive singular)
ვარშავით (instrumental singular)
ვარშავით (instrumental singular)
ვარშავითაt) (instrumental singular)
ვარშავითაta) (instrumental singular)
ვარშავად (adverbial singular)
ვარშავად (adverbial singular)
ვარშავადაd) (adverbial singular)
ვარშავადაda) (adverbial singular)
ვარშავავ (singular vocative)
-ზე
ვარშავაზე (singular)
-თან
ვარშავასთან (singular)
-ში
ვარშავაში (singular)
-ვით
ვარშავასავით (singular)
-თვის
ვარშავისთვის (singular)
-ებრ
ვარშავისებრ (singular)
-კენ
ვარშავისკენ (singular)
-გან
ვარშავისგან (singular)
-ადმი
ვარშავისადმი (singular)
-დან
ვარშავიდან (singular)
-ურთ
ვარშავითურთ (singular)
-მდე
ვარშავამდე (singular)


კრაკოვი

ḳraḳovi (romanization)
კრაკოვი (nominative singular)
კრაკოვმა (ergative singular)
კრაკოვს (dative singular)
კრაკოვს (dative singular)
კრაკოვსაs) (dative singular)
კრაკოვსაsa) (dative singular)
კრაკოვის (genitive singular)
კრაკოვის (genitive singular)
კრაკოვისაs) (genitive singular)
კრაკოვისაsa) (genitive singular)
კრაკოვით (instrumental singular)
კრაკოვით (instrumental singular)
კრაკოვითაt) (instrumental singular)
კრაკოვითაta) (instrumental singular)
კრაკოვად (adverbial singular)
კრაკოვად (adverbial singular)
კრაკოვადაd) (adverbial singular)
კრაკოვადაda) (adverbial singular)
კრაკოვო (singular vocative)
-ზე
კრაკოვზე (singular)
-თან
კრაკოვთან (singular)
-ში
კრაკოვში (singular)
-ვით
კრაკოვივით (singular)
-თვის
კრაკოვისთვის (singular)
-ებრ
კრაკოვისებრ (singular)
-კენ
კრაკოვისკენ (singular)
-გან
კრაკოვისგან (singular)
-ადმი
კრაკოვისადმი (singular)
-დან
კრაკოვიდან (singular)
-ურთ
კრაკოვითურთ (singular)
-მდე
კრაკოვამდე (singular)


Bialystok

Białystok (a city in the Podlaskie, Poland)


Вроцлав

bg-proper noun

Вро́цлав • (Vróclav) m (relational adjective вро́цлавски)

Вро́цлав (canonical)
Vróclav (romanization)
вро́цлавски (adjective relational)


Вроцлав

ru-proper noun+

Вро́цлав • (Vróclav) m inan (genitive Вро́цлава)

Вро́цлав (canonical)
Vróclav (romanization)
Вро́цлава (genitive)
Вро́цлав (nominative singular)
Вро́цлава (genitive singular)
Вро́цлаву (dative singular)
Вро́цлав (accusative singular)
Вро́цлавом (instrumental singular)
Вро́цлаве (prepositional singular)


Вроцлав

uk-proper noun

вро́цлавський

Вро́цлав • (Vróclav) m inan (genitive Вро́цлава, uncountable, relational adjective вро́цлавський)

Вро́цлав (canonical)
Vróclav (romanization)
Вро́цлава (genitive)
вро́цлавський (adjective relational)
Вро́цлав (nominative singular)
Вро́цлава (genitive singular)
Вро́цлаву (dative singular)
Вро́цлав (accusative singular)
Вро́цлавом (instrumental singular)
Вро́цлаву (locative singular)
Вро́цлаві (locative singular)
Вро́цлаве (singular vocative)

Wrocław (the capital and largest city of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Познань

be-proper noun

По́знань<F.sg>

По́знань • (Póznanʹ) f inan (genitive По́знані, uncountable, relational adjective по́знанскі)

По́знань (canonical)
Póznanʹ (romanization)
По́знані (genitive)
по́знанскі (adjective relational)
По́знань (nominative singular)
По́знані (genitive singular)
По́знані (dative singular)
По́знань (accusative singular)
По́знанню (instrumental singular)
По́знані (locative singular)

be-ndecl

По́знань<F.sg>


Познань

ru-proper noun+

По́знань • (Póznanʹ) f inan (genitive По́знани, relational adjective по́знанский)

По́знань (canonical)
Póznanʹ (romanization)
По́знани (genitive)
по́знанский (adjective relational)
По́знань (nominative singular)
По́знани (genitive singular)
По́знани (dative singular)
По́знань (accusative singular)
По́знанью (instrumental singular)
По́знани (prepositional singular)


Познань

uk-proper noun

По́знань<F.sg>

по́знанський

По́знань • (Póznanʹ) f inan (genitive По́знані, uncountable, relational adjective по́знанський)

По́знань (canonical)
Póznanʹ (romanization)
По́знані (genitive)
по́знанський (adjective relational)
По́знань (nominative singular)
По́знані (genitive singular)
По́знані (dative singular)
По́знань (accusative singular)
По́знанню (instrumental singular)
По́знані (locative singular)
По́знане (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

По́знань<F.sg>

Poznan (the capital and largest city of the Greater Poland, Poland)


Гданськ

uk-proper noun

Гданськ • (Hdansʹk) m inan (genitive Гда́нська, uncountable, relational adjective Гда́нський)

Hdansʹk (romanization)
Гда́нська (genitive)
Гда́нський (adjective relational)
Гданськ (nominative singular)
Гда́нська (genitive singular)
Гда́нську (dative singular)
Гданськ (accusative singular)
Гда́нськом (instrumental singular)
Гда́нську (locative singular)
Гда́нську (singular vocative)

Gdańsk (the capital and largest city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Гданьск

be-proper noun

Гданьск • (Hdanʹsk) m inan (genitive Гда́ньска, uncountable, relational adjective гда́ньскі)

Hdanʹsk (romanization)
Гда́ньска (genitive)
гда́ньскі (adjective relational)
Гданьск (nominative singular)
Гда́ньска (genitive singular)
Гда́ньску (dative singular)
Гданьск (accusative singular)
Гда́ньскам (instrumental singular)
Гда́ньску (locative singular)

Gdańsk (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Гданьск

ru-proper noun+

Гданьск • (Gdanʹsk) m inan (genitive Гда́ньска, relational adjective гда́ньский)

Gdanʹsk (romanization)
Гда́ньска (genitive)
гда́ньский (adjective relational)
Гда́ньск (nominative singular)
Гда́ньска (genitive singular)
Гда́ньску (dative singular)
Гда́ньск (accusative singular)
Гда́ньском (instrumental singular)
Гда́ньске (prepositional singular)

Гданьскъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)


Освенцим

Осве́нцим • (Osvéncim) m inan (genitive Осве́нцима)

Осве́нцим (canonical)
Osvéncim (romanization)
Осве́нцима (genitive)
Осве́нцим (nominative singular)
Осве́нцима (genitive singular)
Осве́нциму (dative singular)
Осве́нцим (accusative singular)
Осве́нцимом (instrumental singular)
Осве́нциме (prepositional singular)


Аушвиц

А́ушвиц • (Áušvic) m inan (genitive А́ушвица, nominative plural А́ушвицы, genitive plural А́ушвицев)

А́ушвиц (canonical)
Áušvic (romanization)
А́ушвица (genitive)
А́ушвицы (nominative plural)
А́ушвицев (genitive plural)
А́ушвиц (nominative singular)
А́ушвицы (nominative plural)
А́ушвица (genitive singular)
А́ушвицев (genitive plural)
А́ушвицу (dative singular)
А́ушвицам (dative plural)
А́ушвиц (accusative singular)
А́ушвицы (accusative plural)
А́ушвицем (instrumental singular)
А́ушвицами (instrumental plural)
А́ушвице (prepositional singular)
А́ушвицах (plural prepositional)

[ˈaʊʂvʲɪt͡s]


Trójmiasto

pl-prop

Trójmiasto n (related adjective trójmiejski)

trójmiejski (adjective)
Trójmiasto (nominative singular)
Trójmiasta (genitive singular)
Trójmiastu (dative singular)
Trójmiasto (accusative singular)
Trójmiastem (instrumental singular)
Trójmieście (locative singular)
Trójmiasto (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Труймя́ста (Trujmjásta)

→ Czech: Trojměstí (calque)

→ Dutch: Driestad (calque)

→ English: Tricity (calque)

→ French: Tricité, Triville (calque)

→ German: Dreistadt (calque)

→ Greek: Τρίπολη (Trípoli) (calque)

→ Hungarian: Hármasváros (calque)

desc

→ Italian: Tripla Città, Trecittà (calque)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Trippelbyen (calque)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Trippelbyen (calque)

→ Portuguese: Tricidade (calque)

→ Romanian: Trioraș (calque)

→ Russian: Труймя́сто (Trujmjásto)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Тројмјасто

→ Slovak: Trojmesto (calque)

→ Spanish: Triciudad (calque)

→ Ukrainian: Тримі́сто (Trymísto) (calque)

From trój- + miasto. Compare Kashubian Trzëgard.

Tricity (metropolitan area in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, consisting of three contiguous coastal cities in Pomerelia forming a row on the coastline of the Gdańsk Bay, Baltic Sea, namely the cities of Gdańsk, Gdynia, and Sopot, along with other cities and towns in their vicinity)


Hel

pl-prop

Hel m inan (related adjective helski, demonym helanin, female demonym helanka)

helski (adjective)
helanin (demonym)
helanka (demonym feminine)
Hel (nominative singular)
Helu (genitive singular)
Helowi (dative singular)
Hel (accusative singular)
Helem (instrumental singular)
Helu (locative singular)
Helu (singular vocative)

Hel (a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Լոձ

Loj (romanization)
Լոձ (nominative singular singular-only)
Լոձի (dative singular singular-only)
Լոձից (ablative singular singular-only)
Լոձով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Լոձում (locative singular singular-only)
Լոձը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Լոձն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Լոձին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Լոձս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Լոձիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Լոձիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Լոձովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Լոձումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Լոձդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լոձիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լոձիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լոձովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Լոձումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Լոձերը/Լոձերն


Breslávia

Wrocław (a city in the Lower Silesia, Poland)


Cracóvia

[kɾɐˈkɔ.βjɐ]

Cracow, Krakow (the capital city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Posnânia

Poznan (a city in the Greater Poland, Poland)


Шчэцін

be-proper noun

Шчэ́цін • (Ščécin) m inan (genitive Шчэ́ціна, uncountable, relational adjective шчэ́цінскі)

Шчэ́цін (canonical)
Ščécin (romanization)
Шчэ́ціна (genitive)
шчэ́цінскі (adjective relational)
Шчэ́цін (nominative singular)
Шчэ́ціна (genitive singular)
Шчэ́ціну (dative singular)
Шчэ́цін (accusative singular)
Шчэ́цінам (instrumental singular)
Шчэ́ціне (locative singular)

[ˈʂt͡ʂɛt͡sʲin]


Вроцлаў

Вро́цлаў<sg>

Вро́цлаў • (Vróclaŭ) m inan (genitive Вро́цлава, uncountable, relational adjective вро́цлаўскі)

Вро́цлаў (canonical)
Vróclaŭ (romanization)
Вро́цлава (genitive)
вро́цлаўскі (adjective relational)
Вро́цлаў (nominative singular)
Вро́цлава (genitive singular)
Вро́цлаву (dative singular)
Вро́цлаў (accusative singular)
Вро́цлавам (instrumental singular)
Вро́цлаве (locative singular)

be-ndecl

Вро́цлаў<sg>


Люблін

be-proper noun

Лю́блін • (Ljúblin) m inan (genitive Лю́бліна, uncountable, relational adjective лю́блінскі)

Лю́блін (canonical)
Ljúblin (romanization)
Лю́бліна (genitive)
лю́блінскі (adjective relational)
Лю́блін (nominative singular)
Лю́бліна (genitive singular)
Лю́бліну (dative singular)
Лю́блін (accusative singular)
Лю́блінам (instrumental singular)
Лю́бліне (locative singular)


Люблін

uk-proper noun

лю́блінський

Лю́блін • (Ljúblin) m inan (genitive Лю́бліна, uncountable, relational adjective лю́блінський)

Лю́блін (canonical)
Ljúblin (romanization)
Лю́бліна (genitive)
лю́блінський (adjective relational)
Лю́блін (nominative singular)
Лю́бліна (genitive singular)
Лю́блінові (dative singular)
Лю́бліну (dative singular)
Лю́блін (accusative singular)
Лю́бліном (instrumental singular)
Лю́бліну (locative singular)
Лю́бліні (locative singular)
Лю́бліне (singular vocative)

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship#English

Lublin (the capital and largest city of the Lublin Voivodeship, Poland)


Кракаў

be-proper noun

Кра́каў • (Krákaŭ) m inan (genitive Кра́кава, uncountable, relational adjective кра́каўскі)

Кра́каў (canonical)
Krákaŭ (romanization)
Кра́кава (genitive)
кра́каўскі (adjective relational)
Кра́каў (nominative singular)
Кра́кава (genitive singular)
Кра́каву (dative singular)
Кра́каў (accusative singular)
Кра́кавам (instrumental singular)
Кра́каве (locative singular)


Katovice

sk-proper noun

Katovice f pl (genitive singular Katovíc, declension pattern of ulica)

Katovíc (genitive singular)
ulica (declension-pattern-of)
Katovice (nominative plural-only)
Katovíc (genitive plural-only)
Katoviciam (dative plural-only)
Katovice (accusative plural-only)
Katoviciach (locative plural-only)
Katovicami (instrumental plural-only)

Katowice (the capital city of the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Lodž

lodžský (adjective relational)
Lodž (nominative singular)
Lodže (genitive singular)
Lodži (dative singular)
Lodž (accusative singular)
Lodži (singular vocative)
Lodži (locative singular)
Lodží (instrumental singular)


Lodž

Lodž f (genitive singular Lodže, declension pattern of dlaň)

Lodže (genitive singular)
dlaň (declension-pattern-of)
Lodž (nominative singular-only)
Lodže (genitive singular-only)
Lodži (dative singular-only)
Lodž (accusative singular-only)
Lodži (locative singular-only)
Lodžou (instrumental singular-only)


Vroclav

Vroclav m inan (genitive singular Vroclavu, declension pattern of dub)

Vroclavu (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Vroclav (nominative singular-only)
Vroclavu (genitive singular-only)
Vroclavu (dative singular-only)
Vroclav (accusative singular-only)
Vroclave (locative singular-only)
Vroclavom (instrumental singular-only)


Cieszyn

A city in southern Poland on Olza River, near the Czech border.


Nysa

A city in the Opole Voivodeship, Poland.


Nysa

nyski (adjective)
Nysa (nominative singular)
Nysy (genitive singular)
Nysie (dative singular)
Nysę (accusative singular)
Nysą (instrumental singular)
Nysie (locative singular)
Nyso (singular vocative)

Nysa (a city in the Opole Voivodeship, Poland)


Vác-sa-va

[vaːk̚˧˦ saː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[vaːk̚˦˧˥ ʂaː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[vaːk̚˦˧˥ saː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[vaːk̚˦˥ ʂaː˧˧ vaː˧˧]

[jaːk̚˦˥ saː˧˧ jaː˧˧]

Warsaw (a city, the capital city of Poland)


Wilamowice

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Wilamowice.


Żyrardów

Żyrardów (nominative singular)
Żyrardowa (genitive singular)
Żyrardowowi (dative singular)
Żyrardów (accusative singular)
Żyrardowem (instrumental singular)
Żyrardowie (locative singular)
Żyrardowie (singular vocative)

From Żyrard + -ów, named after French engineer and inventor Philippe de Girard. The town was established in 1830 to manufacture linen with machines invented by Girard; Żyrard is an approximate phonetic rendering of his surname.

named-after

Żyrardów (a city in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)


Gorzów

pl-proper noun

Gorzów m inan (related adjective gorzowski, demonym gorzowianin, female demonym gorzowianka)

gorzowski (adjective)
gorzowianin (demonym)
gorzowianka (demonym feminine)
Gorzów (nominative singular)
Gorzowa (genitive singular)
Gorzowowi (dative singular)
Gorzów (accusative singular)
Gorzowem (instrumental singular)
Gorzowie (locative singular)
Gorzowie (singular vocative)

Attested since 1847, derived from earlier Gorzowa or Gorzowo, which has the same meaning and is attested at least since 17th century. The two most probable etymologies are:
* gorzeć (“archaic: to burn, to be on fire”) + -ów. Currently the verb is more often spelled goreć.
* gorzeć (“obsolete: to distill”) + -ów. Remnants of this meaning are present in the words gorzelnia and gorzałka, which are still in use.
Before World War II, this was the official name of Gorzów Śląski, a town known in German as Landsberg. After the war, the name was changed to disambiguate it from Gorzów Wielkopolski, a different town also called Landsberg in the Recovered Territories, which had no commonly used Polish name and was renamed by analogy.

af

(informal) Gorzów Wielkopolski (one of two capitals of Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland)


Bełchatów

pl-proper noun

Bełchatów m inan (related adjective bełchatowski, demonym bełchatowianin, female demonym bełchatowianka)

bełchatowski (adjective)
bełchatowianin (demonym)
bełchatowianka (demonym feminine)
Bełchatów (nominative singular)
Bełchatowa (genitive singular)
Bełchatowowi (dative singular)
Bełchatów (accusative singular)
Bełchatowem (instrumental singular)
Bełchatowie (locative singular)
Bełchatowie (singular vocative)

From Bełchat + -ów. Bełchat is a surname, later recorded as Bełchacki, and may come from bełtać (“to mix, to talk unintelligibly”) or from dialectal bełkać, bełczeć (“to babble, to make a rustling sound”).

Bełchatów (a city in the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Ярослав

uk-proper noun

Яросла́в<pr>

Яросла́в • (Jarosláv) m pers (genitive Яросла́ва, nominative plural Яросла́ви, genitive plural Яросла́вів, feminine Яросла́ва)

Яросла́в (canonical)
Jarosláv (romanization)
Яросла́ва (genitive)
Яросла́ви (nominative plural)
Яросла́вів (genitive plural)
Яросла́ва (feminine)
Яросла́в (nominative singular)
Яросла́ви (nominative plural)
Яросла́ва (genitive singular)
Яросла́вів (genitive plural)
Яросла́вові (dative singular)
Яросла́ву (dative singular)
Яросла́вам (dative plural)
Яросла́ва (accusative singular)
Яросла́вів (accusative plural)
Яросла́вом (instrumental singular)
Яросла́вами (instrumental plural)
Яросла́вові (locative singular)
Яросла́ві (locative singular)
Яросла́вах (locative plural)
Яросла́ве (singular vocative)
Яросла́ви (plural vocative)

uk-ndecl

Яросла́в<pr>

LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Po ukraińsku (Andriana)-Ярослав.wav

From Proto-Slavic *Jaroslavъ. Equivalent to я́рий (járyj, “ardent, violent”) + -о- (-o-) + сла́в(а) (sláv(a), “fame, glory”).

af

Jarosław (a city in southeastern Poland)


Mikołów

Mikołów (nominative singular)
Mikołowa (genitive singular)
Mikołowowi (dative singular)
Mikołów (accusative singular)
Mikołowem (instrumental singular)
Mikołowie (locative singular)
Mikołowie (singular vocative)

A city in the Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland


Mysłowice

pl-prop

Mysłowice nvir pl (related adjective mysłowicki, demonym mysłowiczanin, female demonym mysłowiczanka)

mysłowicki (adjective)
mysłowiczanin (demonym)
mysłowiczanka (demonym feminine)
Mysłowice (nominative plural)
Mysłowic (genitive plural)
Mysłowicom (dative plural)
Mysłowice (accusative plural)
Mysłowicami (instrumental plural)
Mysłowicach (locative plural)
Mysłowice (plural vocative)

Mysłowice (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Świętochłowice

Świętochłowice nvir pl (related adjective świętochłowicki)

świętochłowicki (adjective)
Świętochłowice (nominative plural)
Świętochłowic (genitive plural)
Świętochłowicom (dative plural)
Świętochłowice (accusative plural)
Świętochłowicami (instrumental plural)
Świętochłowicach (locative plural)
Świętochłowice (plural vocative)

Świętochłowice (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Racibórz

A city in the Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.


Racibórz

Racibórz (nominative singular)
Raciborza (genitive singular)
Raciborzowi (dative singular)
Racibórz (accusative singular)
Raciborzem (instrumental singular)
Raciborzu (locative singular)
Raciborzu (singular vocative)

Racibórz (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland)


Gniezno

Gniezno n (related adjective gnieźnieński, demonym gnieźnianin or gnieźnienka, female demonym gnieźnianka or gnieźnieńczyk)

gnieźnieński (adjective)
gnieźnianin (demonym)
gnieźnienka (demonym)
gnieźnianka (demonym feminine)
gnieźnieńczyk (demonym feminine)
Gniezno (nominative singular)
Gniezna (genitive singular)
Gnieznu (dative singular)
Gniezno (accusative singular)
Gnieznem (instrumental singular)
Gnieźnie (locative singular)
Gniezno (singular vocative)

Traditionally believed to be derived from gnieździć się + -no.

Gniezno (a city in the Greater Poland, Poland)


Wadowice

A city in southern Poland, in the eastern part of Silesian Foothills.


פּויזן

Compare German Posen. Diphthong may be explained as inheritance from a Middle High German *pō-, similar to פּוילן (poyln).

Poznań (the capital city of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


לובלין

Lublin (the capital city of the Lublin Voivodeship, Poland)


קראָקע

Cracow, Kraków (the capital city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


לאָדזש

Łódź (the capital city of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


ברעסלוי

Wrocław (the capital city of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Siemianowice Śląskie

Siemianowice Śląskie nvir pl (related adjective siemianowicki)

siemianowicki (adjective)
Siemianowice Śląskie (nominative plural)
Siemianowic Śląskich (genitive plural)
Siemianowicom Śląskim (dative plural)
Siemianowice Śląskie (accusative plural)
Siemianowicami Śląskimi (instrumental plural)
Siemianowicach Śląskich (locative plural)
Siemianowice Śląskie (plural vocative)

Siemianowice Śląskie
Siemianowice Śląskie#English

Siemianowice Śląskie (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


לודז׳

Lodz (a voivodeship of Poland, Łódź Voivodeship)

Lodz (the capital city of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland, also spelled Łódź)


ورشو

(chiefly Iran) Warsaw (the capital city of Poland; capital city of the Masovian Voivodeship)


Skoczów

Skoczów (nominative singular)
Skoczowa (genitive singular)
Skoczowowi (dative singular)
Skoczów (accusative singular)
Skoczowem (instrumental singular)
Skoczowie (locative singular)
Skoczowie (singular vocative)


אָשפּיצין

Oświęcim (a city in Poland, the site of the Auschwitz concentration camp)


赫爾

/xɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


格但斯克

ㄍㄜˊ ㄉㄢˋ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

/kɤ³⁵ tän⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/kaːk̚³ taːn²² siː⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

/kɤ³⁵ tän⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/kaːk̚³ taːn²² siː⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

Gdańsk (a city on the north coast of Poland)


Lubin

pl-proper noun

Lubin m inan (related adjective lubiński, demonym lubinianin, female demonym lubinianka)

lubiński (adjective)
lubinianin (demonym)
lubinianka (demonym feminine)
Lubin (nominative singular)
Lubina (genitive singular)
Lubinowi (dative singular)
Lubin (accusative singular)
Lubinem (instrumental singular)
Lubinie (locative singular)
Lubiniu (locative singular)
Lubinie (singular vocative)

Lubin (a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Reda

redzki (adjective)
Reda (nominative singular)
Redy (genitive singular)
Redzie (dative singular)
Redę (accusative singular)
Redą (instrumental singular)
Redzie (locative singular)
Redo (singular vocative)

Reda (a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland)


Bromberg

de-proper noun

Bromberg n (proper noun, genitive Brombergs or (optionally with an article) Bromberg)

Brombergs (genitive)
Bromberg (genitive with-article)

Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

(historical) Bydgoszcz (a city in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Hirschberg

Hirschberg n (proper noun, genitive Hirschbergs or (optionally with an article) Hirschberg)

Hirschbergs (genitive)
Hirschberg (genitive with-article)
Hirschberg (definite nominative singular)
Hirschbergs (definite genitive singular)
Hirschberg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Hirschberg (dative definite singular)
Hirschberg (accusative definite singular)

[ˈhɪʁʃˌbɛʁk]

Jelenia Góra (a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland)


Mielec

Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Subcarpathian Voivodeship#English

A city in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland.


Mielec

pl-prop

Mielec m inan (related adjective mielecki, demonym mielczanin, female demonym mielczanka)

mielecki (adjective)
mielczanin (demonym)
mielczanka (demonym feminine)
Mielec (nominative singular)
Mielca (genitive singular)
Mielcowi (dative singular)
Mielec (accusative singular)
Mielcem (instrumental singular)
Mielcu (locative singular)
Mielcu (singular vocative)

Mielec (a city in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland)


什切青

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

Szczecin (the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Ratiboř

cs-proper noun

Ratiboř f (relational adjective ratibořský, demonym Ratibořan, female demonym Ratibořanka)

ratibořský (adjective relational)
Ratibořan (demonym)
Ratibořanka (demonym feminine)
Ratiboř (nominative singular)
Ratiboře (genitive singular)
Ratiboři (dative singular)
Ratiboř (accusative singular)
Ratiboři (singular vocative)
Ratiboři (locative singular)
Ratiboří (instrumental singular)

Racibórz (a city in the Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland)


Řešov

Řešov m inan (relational adjective řešovský)

řešovský (adjective relational)
Řešov (nominative singular)
Řešova (genitive singular)
Řešovu (dative singular)
Řešov (accusative singular)
Řešove (singular vocative)
Řešově (locative singular)
Řešovem (instrumental singular)


Gdyně

Gdynia (a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, part of Tricity)


Těšín

Těšín m inan (relational adjective těšínský, demonym Těšíňan)

těšínský (adjective relational)
Těšíňan (demonym)
Těšín (nominative singular)
Těšína (genitive singular)
Těšínu (dative singular)
Těšín (accusative singular)
Těšíne (singular vocative)
Těšíně (locative singular)
Těšínem (instrumental singular)


Štětín

Štětín m inan (relational adjective štětínský)

štětínský (adjective relational)
Štětín (nominative singular)
Štětína (genitive singular)
Štětínu (dative singular)
Štětín (accusative singular)
Štětíne (singular vocative)
Štětíně (locative singular)
Štětínu (locative singular)
Štětínem (instrumental singular)


Bydhošť

Bydhošť f (relational adjective bydhošťský)

bydhošťský (adjective relational)
Bydhošť (nominative singular)
Bydhoště (genitive singular)
Bydhošti (dative singular)
Bydhošť (accusative singular)
Bydhošti (singular vocative)
Bydhošti (locative singular)
Bydhoští (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Polish Bydgoszcz. Doublet of Bedihošť.


Toruň

Toruň f (relational adjective toruňský, demonym Toruňan, female demonym Toruňanka)

toruňský (adjective relational)
Toruňan (demonym)
Toruňanka (demonym feminine)
Toruň (nominative singular)
Toruně (genitive singular)
Toruni (dative singular)
Toruň (accusative singular)
Toruni (singular vocative)
Toruni (locative singular)
Toruní (instrumental singular)

Toruń (the capital and largest city of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Hlivice

Hlivice f pl (relational adjective hlivický)

hlivický (adjective relational)
Hlivice (nominative plural)
Hlivic (genitive plural)
Hlivicím (dative plural)
Hlivice (accusative plural)
Hlivice (plural vocative)
Hlivicích (locative plural)
Hlivicemi (instrumental plural)

[ˈɦlɪvɪt͡sɛ]


Čenstochová

Čenstochová f (relational adjective čenstochovský, demonym Čenstochovan, female demonym Čenstochovanka)

čenstochovský (adjective relational)
Čenstochovan (demonym)
Čenstochovanka (demonym feminine)
Čenstochová (nominative singular)
Čenstochové (genitive singular)
Čenstochové (dative singular)
Čenstochovou (accusative singular)
Čenstochová (singular vocative)
Čenstochové (locative singular)
Čenstochovou (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Polish Częstochowa, equivalent to Čenstoch m + -ová f (adjectival suffix).


Nowy Sącz

A city in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland.


Nowy Sącz

Nowy Sącz (nominative singular)
Nowego Sączu (genitive singular)
Nowemu Sączowi (dative singular)
Nowy Sącz (accusative singular)
Nowym Sączem (instrumental singular)
Nowym Sączu (locative singular)
Nowy Sączu (singular vocative)

Nowy Sącz (a city in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Konin

A city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland.


Konin

pl-proper noun

Konin m inan (related adjective koniński, demonym koninianin, female demonym koninianka)

koniński (adjective)
koninianin (demonym)
koninianka (demonym feminine)
Konin (nominative singular)
Konina (genitive singular)
Koninowi (dative singular)
Konin (accusative singular)
Koninem (instrumental singular)
Koninie (locative singular)
Koninie (singular vocative)

Konin (a city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Siedlce

Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship#English


Siedlce

Siedlce (nominative plural)
Siedlec (genitive plural)
Siedlcom (dative plural)
Siedlce (accusative plural)
Siedlcami (instrumental plural)
Siedlcach (locative plural)
Siedlce (plural vocative)

Siedlce (a city in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)


Sieradz

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Sieradz.


Sieradz

pl-prop

Sieradz m inan (related adjective sieradzki)

sieradzki (adjective)
Sieradz (nominative singular)
Sieradza (genitive singular)
Sieradzowi (dative singular)
Sieradz (accusative singular)
Sieradzem (instrumental singular)
Sieradzu (locative singular)
Sieradzu (singular vocative)

Sieradz (a city in the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Prudnik

Opole Voivodeship
Opole Voivodeship#English

A city in the Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland


Prudnik

Prudnik (nominative singular)
Prudnika (genitive singular)
Prudnikowi (dative singular)
Prudnik (accusative singular)
Prudnikiem (instrumental singular)
Prudniku (locative singular)
Prudniku (singular vocative)


Tczew

A city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.


Tczew

Tczew m inan (related adjective tczewski)

tczewski (adjective)
Tczew (nominative singular)
Tczewu (genitive singular)
Tczewowi (dative singular)
Tczew (accusative singular)
Tczewem (instrumental singular)
Tczewie (locative singular)
Tczewie (singular vocative)

Tczew (a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Świnoujście

Świnoujście (nominative singular)
Świnoujścia (genitive singular)
Świnoujściu (dative singular)
Świnoujście (accusative singular)
Świnoujściem (instrumental singular)
Świnoujściu (locative singular)
Świnoujście (singular vocative)

From Świna + -o- + ujście. Calque of German Swinemünde.

Świnoujście (a city in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Przemyśl

/pəˈʃɛmɪʃəl/

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Przemyśl.

ubor

A city in Przemyśl, Subcarpathia, in southeastern Poland


Przemyśl

pl-prop

Przemyśl m inan (related adjective przemyski)

przemyski (adjective)
Przemyśl (nominative singular)
Przemyśla (genitive singular)
Przemyślowi (dative singular)
Przemyśl (accusative singular)
Przemyślem (instrumental singular)
Przemyślu (locative singular)
Przemyślu (singular vocative)

Przemyśl (a city in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland)


Аршава

ru-proper noun+

Арша́ва • (Aršáva) f inan (genitive Арша́вы)

Арша́ва (canonical)
Aršáva (romanization)
Арша́вы (genitive)

Rebracketing of the phrase в Варша́ву (v Varšávu).

(obsolete) Warsaw (the capital city of Poland)


Nałęczów

Nałęczów (nominative singular)
Nałęczowa (genitive singular)
Nałęczowowi (dative singular)
Nałęczowu (dative singular)
Nałęczów (accusative singular)
Nałęczowem (instrumental singular)
Nałęczowie (locative singular)
Nałęczowie (singular vocative)


Końskie

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Końskie.


アウシュヴィッツ

ja:アウシュヴィッツ＝ビルケナウ強制収容所


วอร์ซอ

th-proper noun

วอร์ซอ • (wɔɔ-sɔɔ)


វ៉ារស្សាវ៉ា

km-proper noun

វ៉ារស្សាវ៉ា • (vaassaavaa)


ဝါဆော

ဝါဆောမြို့


Piekary

Piekary (nominative plural)
Piekar (genitive plural)
Piekarom (dative plural)
Piekary (accusative plural)
Piekarami (instrumental plural)
Piekarach (locative plural)
Piekary (plural vocative)

Uncertain; derived from either pieczara (“grotto”) or piekarz (“baker”).

(colloquial) Piekary Śląskie (a city and county of the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Cracòvia

Borrowed from Latin Cracōvia, from Polish Kraków.


Skarżysko-Kamienna

pl-prop

Skarżysko-Kamienna n (related adjective skarżyski)

skarżyski (adjective)
Skarżysko-Kamienna (nominative singular)
Skarżyska-Kamiennej (genitive singular)
Skarżysku-Kamiennej (dative singular)
Skarżysko-Kamienną (accusative singular)
Skarżyskiem-Kamienną (instrumental singular)
Skarżysku-Kamiennej (locative singular)
Skarżysko-Kamienno (singular vocative)


Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski

Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski (nominative singular)
Ostrowca Świętokrzyskiego (genitive singular)
Ostrowcowi Świętokrzyskiemu (dative singular)
Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski (accusative singular)
Ostrowcem Świętokrzyskim (instrumental singular)
Ostrowcu Świętokrzyskim (locative singular)
Ostrowcu Świętokrzyski (singular vocative)

From ostrów (“river island”) via Ostrów, the former village on the site, + -iec; the adjective świętokrzyski (“of the Holy Cross”) refers to the voivodeship where it is located, see Świętokrzyskie.

Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski
Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski#English

Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski (a city in Świętokrzyskie voivodeship, Poland)


Tarnobrzeg

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Tarnobrzeg.

ubor

Meronyms: Borek, Góra, Machów

A city in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland.


Tarnobrzeg

pl-prop

Tarnobrzeg m inan (related adjective tarnobrzeski)

tarnobrzeski (adjective)
Tarnobrzeg (nominative singular)
Tarnobrzega (genitive singular)
Tarnobrzegu (genitive singular)
Tarnobrzegowi (dative singular)
Tarnobrzeg (accusative singular)
Tarnobrzegiem (instrumental singular)
Tarnobrzegu (locative singular)
Tarnobrzegu (singular vocative)

From Tarno(wski) + brzeg. It was founded by the House of Tarnowski and follows a similar naming structure to other cities founded by them (Tarnopol, Tarnogród).

Meronyms: Borek, Góra, Machów

Tarnobrzeg (a city in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland)


Starachowice

Starachowice (nominative plural)
Starachowic (genitive plural)
Starachowicom (dative plural)
Starachowice (accusative plural)
Starachowicami (instrumental plural)
Starachowicach (locative plural)
Starachowice (plural vocative)

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship#English

Starachowice (a city in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland)


Piotrków Trybunalski

Piotrków Trybunalski (nominative singular)
Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego (genitive singular)
Piotrkowowi Trybunalskiemu (dative singular)
Piotrków Trybunalski (accusative singular)
Piotrkowem Trybunalskim (instrumental singular)
Piotrkowie Trybunalskim (locative singular)
Piotrkowie Trybunalski (singular vocative)

Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski#English

Łódź Voivodeship
Łódź Voivodeship#English

Piotrków Trybunalski (a city in Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Tricity

From tri- + city. Calque of Polish Trójmiasto.

A metropolitan area of Poland consisting of the three cities Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot


Краків

uk-proper noun

кра́ківський

Кра́ків • (Krákiv) m inan (genitive Кра́кова, uncountable, relational adjective кра́ківський)

Кра́ків (canonical)
Krákiv (romanization)
Кра́кова (genitive)
кра́ківський (adjective relational)
Кра́ків (nominative singular)
Кра́кова (genitive singular)
Кра́кову (dative singular)
Кра́ків (accusative singular)
Кра́ковом (instrumental singular)
Кра́кову (locative singular)
Кра́кові (locative singular)
Кра́кове (singular vocative)

Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship#English

Cracow (the capital and largest city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Stargard

West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

A city in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.


Stargard

Stargard (nominative singular)
Stargardu (genitive singular)
Stargardowi (dative singular)
Stargard (accusative singular)
Stargardem (instrumental singular)
Stargardzie (locative singular)
Stargardzie (singular vocative)

From Proto-Slavic *starъ (“old”) + *gordъ (“town, city”).

Stargard (a city in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Chełm

A number of places in Poland, including:

A city in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland.


Chełm

pl-proper noun

Chełm m inan (related adjective chełmski, demonym chełmianin, female demonym chełmianka)

chełmski (adjective)
chełmianin (demonym)
chełmianka (demonym feminine)
Chełm (nominative singular)
Chełma (genitive singular)
Chełmowi (dative singular)
Chełm (accusative singular)
Chełmem (instrumental singular)
Chełmie (locative singular)
Chełmie (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xъlmъ (“hill”).

inh+

Chełm (a city in the Lublin Voivodeship, Poland)


Kołobrzeg

pl-proper noun

Kołobrzeg m inan (related adjective kołobrzeski, demonym kołobrzeżanin, female demonym kołobrzeżanka)

kołobrzeski (adjective)
kołobrzeżanin (demonym)
kołobrzeżanka (demonym feminine)
Kołobrzeg (nominative singular)
Kołobrzegu (genitive singular)
Kołobrzegowi (dative singular)
Kołobrzeg (accusative singular)
Kołobrzegiem (instrumental singular)
Kołobrzegu (locative singular)
Kołobrzegu (singular vocative)

A city in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland


Ełk

pl-prop

Ełk m inan (related adjective ełcki, demonym ełczanin, female demonym ełczanka)

ełcki (adjective)
ełczanin (demonym)
ełczanka (demonym feminine)
Ełk (nominative singular)
Ełku (genitive singular)
Ełkowi (dative singular)
Ełk (accusative singular)
Ełkiem (instrumental singular)
Ełku (locative singular)
Ełku (singular vocative)

Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship#English

Ełk (a city in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland)


Łomża

pl-proper noun

Łomża f (related adjective łomżyński, demonym łomżanin, female demonym łomżanka)

łomżyński (adjective)
łomżanin (demonym)
łomżanka (demonym feminine)
Łomża (nominative singular)
Łomży (genitive singular)
Łomży (dative singular)
Łomżę (accusative singular)
Łomżą (instrumental singular)
Łomży (locative singular)
Łomżo (singular vocative)

Podlaskie Voivodeship
Podlaskie Voivodeship#English


Swinemünde

de-proper noun

Swinemünde n (proper noun, genitive Swinemündes or (optionally with an article) Swinemünde)

Swinemündes (genitive)
Swinemünde (genitive with-article)
Swinemünde (definite nominative singular)
Swinemündes (definite genitive singular)
Swinemünde (definite genitive singular with-article)
Swinemünde (dative definite singular)
Swinemünde (accusative definite singular)

→ Polish: Świnoujście (calque)

Latin: Suenemundum

From Swine (the city river) + Mund (“mouth”) + -e, similarly to German Low German Swienemünn.

af

A city in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, formerly part of Germany. Polish name: Świnoujście


比亞維斯托克

ㄅㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ ㄨㄟˊ ㄙ ㄊㄨㄛ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄅㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄙ ㄊㄨㄛ ㄎㄜˋ

Биявэйсытокэ

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Białystok (the capital and largest city of the Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland)


羅茲

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

Lodz Voivodeship
Lodz Voivodeship#English

Lodz (the capital and largest city of the Lodz Voivodeship, Poland)


奧爾什丁

ㄠˋ ㄦˇ ㄕˊ ㄉㄧㄥ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

Olsztyn (the capital and largest city of Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland)


埃爾布隆格

ㄞ ㄦˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄍㄜˊ

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ kɤ³⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ kɤ³⁵/

Elbląg (a city in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland)


科沙林

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ lin³⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ lin³⁵/

Koszalin (a city in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


熱舒夫

/ʐɤ⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

Rzeszów (the capital and largest city of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland)


وارسو

وَارْسُو (canonical)
warsō (romanization)
warsū (romanization)


وارشاوه

head

وارشاوه • (Varşava)

Turkish: Varşova

From Polish Warszawa or an older form of that word.


Tschenstochau

de-proper noun

Tschenstochau n (proper noun, genitive Tschenstochaus or (optionally with an article) Tschenstochau)

Tschenstochaus (genitive)
Tschenstochau (genitive with-article)

Częstochowa (a city in the Silesia, Poland)


Inowroclaw

A city in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.


Piła

pilski (adjective)
Piła (nominative singular)
Piły (genitive singular)
Pile (dative singular)
Piłę (accusative singular)
Piłą (instrumental singular)
Pile (locative singular)
Piło (singular vocative)

Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship#English

Piła (a city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Kutno

pl-prop

Kutno n (related adjective kutnowski or kucieński, demonym kutnianin, female demonym kutnianka)

kutnowski (adjective)
kucieński (adjective)
kutnianin (demonym)
kutnianka (demonym feminine)
Kutno (nominative singular)
Kutna (genitive singular)
Kutnu (dative singular)
Kutno (accusative singular)
Kutnem (instrumental singular)
Kutnie (locative singular)
Kutno (singular vocative)

Kutno (a city in the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Stalowa Wola

A city in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland.