Sark

Unknown, but see Wikipedia. Richard Coates has suggested derivation from a Proto-Semitic cognate of Arabic شرق (“east, Orient”) , although this is considered unlikely.
The river-name is probably derived from Proto-Brythonic *serch, of uncertain meaning and etymology but associated with "circularity".

I have often been amused by travellers pointing out, first the Eden, just north of the station, and then the Esk, which young Lochinvar swam, as the Border; the real boundary is, of course, the little river Sark, just south of the Caledonian station at Gretna; […].

1953 August, Basil M. Bazley, “Carlisle in 1905”, in Railway Magazine, page 507:

Dumfries and Galloway
Dumfries and Galloway#English

A minor river in Dumfries and Galloway council area and Cumbria, forming part of the border between Scotland and England, which flows into the tidal Esk at Gretna; in full, the River Sark.


Devon

→ Russian: Де́вон (Dévon)

From Old English Defenas, which meant both "Devonians" and "Devon," exemplifying the common Anglo-Saxon practice of naming a place after the people who inhabit it.

A river in Clackmannanshire council area, Scotland, a tributary of the Forth.


Blackadder

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Blackadder.wav

PIE word
 *wasdʰos
From black + a second element, possibly derived from one of the following:
* From Irish fad (“length”), fada (“long”, adjective) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wasdʰos (“long; wide”)) + dobhar (“moisture; sea; water”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”)), referring to a long river.
* From Old English ǣdre (“channel for liquids; river; (anatomy) artery or vein; sinew”), from Proto-Germanic *ēþrǭ (“rivulet; (anatomy) vein”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁t-r̥ ~ *h₁h₁t-éns (“lung; internal organ”), from *h₁eh₁t- (“breath; to breathe”) + *-r̥ (suffix forming nouns). However, this etymology has been doubted as it has been suggested that the long initial vowel in Old English would have been preserved in English and Scots.
* From Proto-Brythonic *ador or *edir (“(possibly) name of a river”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *hₐet- (“to go”) + *-r̥.
The surname is from the river and the adjacent Blackadder House.

affix

Scottish Borders
Scottish Borders#English

Preceded by the: Blackadder Water, a river in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland, a tributary of Whiteadder Water.


Dee

Dee
River Dee (Ireland)
River Dee, Aberdeenshire
River Dee, Cumbria
River Dee, Wales

A river in Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland that flows about 145 km (90 mi) from the Cairngorm Mountains to the North Sea at Aberdeen.


Avon

From Proto-Brythonic *aβon (“river”). Compare with Welsh afon.

A number of rivers in the United Kingdom:

A river mainly in Falkirk council area, Scotland; running from Longriggend into the Firth of Forth at Grangemouth.

A river in Scotland; running from Loch A'an in the Cairngorms into the Spey at Ballindalloch.

A river in Scotland; running from Distinkhorn Hill near Strathaven into the Clyde at Hamilton.


Roy

en-prop

Roy (countable and uncountable, plural Roys)

→ French: Roy

→ Norwegian: Roy

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Roy

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Roy

→ Swedish: Roy

From various sources:
* Anglo-Norman roy (“king”) a variant of Old French roi, from Latin rēx, rēgem from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”). Doublet of Rey.
* Scottish Gaelic ruadh (“red, red-haired”) from Old Irish rúad, from Proto-Celtic *roudos from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.
* Anglicisation of Bengali রায় (raẏ, surname).

der

A river and glen (see Glen Roy) in Highland council area, Scotland, United Kingdom.


Ness

en-proper noun

Ness (countable and uncountable, plural Nesses)

Named after the River Ness, of Celtic/Pictish origin, from a Proto-Celtic word *Nesta describing great currents, according to MacBain, from the same Proto-Indo-European root that gave the river Νέστος (Néstos), possibly *ned- (“water”).

A short river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows from Loch Ness through Inverness to the Beauly Firth; in full, River Ness.


Cree

A river in Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland, which flows into the Solway Firth and Irish Sea.


Don

Don River (Ontario)
Dôn
River Don, Aberdeenshire
River Don, Tyne and Wear
River Don, Yorkshire
en:Don River (disambiguation)

Probably from the common Celtic river name Proto-Celtic *Dānu << Proto-Indo-European *dʰenh₂-, found in many other river names such as Danube, and Dniester. Connected with the Welsh river goddess Dôn, whose name is from the same origin, though it could have been influenced by Welsh dawn (“gift”), Irish dán (“gift, offering”), Latin dōnum.

A river in Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, United Kingdom, flowing 62 miles to the North Sea at Aberdeen.


E

A river in Highland council area, Scotland.


Fleet

A river, the Water of Fleet, in Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland.

A river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Fleet.


Forth

A river in Scotland that flows for about 47 km (29 miles) from The Trossachs through Stirling to the Firth of Forth on the North Sea.


Kelvin

Of Celtic/Scottish Gaelic origin, possibly from caol (“narrow”) or coille (“wooded”) + abhainn (“river”). The surname is derived from the river.
The surname was also possibly influenced by Calvert (Middle English calfhirde).

East Dunbartonshire
East Dunbartonshire#English

A river which flows through East Dunbartonshire council area and Glasgow council area, Scotland, to the River Clyde.


Clyde

The name of a river in Scotland, from the Gaelic name Cluaidh, of uncertain origin. Possibly influenced by clut (“the cleansing one”).

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire#English

North Lanarkshire
North Lanarkshire#English

West Dunbartonshire
West Dunbartonshire#English

A major river in Scotland, flowing from South Lanarkshire council area, past North Lanarkshire council area, through Glasgow council area, and past Renfrewshire council area and West Dunbartonshire council area, to the Firth of Clyde.


Spey

A major river in Highland council area and Moray council area, Scotland, that flows to the Moray Firth.


Eden

* The river in Cumbria is from the Roman name, British Latin Ituna. The rivers in Scotland are also related to the root of this name.
* The river in Kent is back-formed from Edenbridge, from Old English Eadhelmsbrigge (“Eadhelm's bridge”).

der

A river in Fife council area, Scotland, which flows into the North Sea.

Eden Water, a small river in the Scottish Borders council area, which flows into the River Tweed.


Lyon

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross#English

The River Lyon, a river in Glen Lyon, Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, which joins the River Tay.


Tyne

From Old English Tīna or Tīne, attested as a component of the place name Tinanmuþe (“Tynemouth”), possibly from Proto-Celtic *tīn (“river”), from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (“to flow”). As such, possibly a doublet of Teign and Tenna. Also compare Latin Tina.

A river in East Lothian council area, in southern Scotland.


Ammon

(obsolete) A river in Scotland now called Almond.


Ayr

A river in East Ayrshire council area and South Ayrshire council area, Scotland, which runs into the Firth of Clyde at the town.


Strontian

Place name is from Scottish Gaelic Sròn an t-Sìthein, "nose of the fairy hill", said to be inhabited by the mythological sìdhe.

List of rivers of Scotland
w:List of rivers of Scotland

The Strontian River, a short river in Highland council area, that flows through the village to Loch Sunart.


Garry

A river in Inverness-shire, Highland council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Oich.

A river in Perthshire, Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, which joins the River Tummel.


Isla

A river in eastern Scotland, tributary to the Tay.

A river in northeastern Scotland, tributary to the Spey.


Calder

A tributary of the River Spey in Highland council area, Scotland.

A river in Renfrewshire council area, Scotland, which flows into Castle Semple Loch.


Irvine

en-prop

Irvine (countable and uncountable, plural Irvines)

Probably from Celtic words cognate with Welsh ir, yr (“green, fresh”) + afon (“water”).

A river in Ayrshire, Scotland, which flows into the Firth of Clyde near the town of Irvine.

A town in North Ayrshire council area, Scotland (OS grid ref NS3238).

A city, the county seat of Estill County, Kentucky.

A township in Benson County, North Dakota.

unincorporated community
unincorporated community

An unincorporated community in Converse County, Wyoming.


Ossian

An anglicisation, made known by James Macpherson, of Irish Oisín, diminutive form of os (“deer”).

A river that flows from Loch Ossian, Highland council area, Scotland, ultimately joining the River Spean.


Tay

A Metro-Cammell diesel multiple-unit from Dundee approaches Perth on the single-line bridge over the Tay in July, 1961.

1962 October, G. Freeman Allen, “The New Look in Scotland's Northern Division—II”, in Modern Railways, page 269, photo caption:

The longest river in Scotland, United Kingdom, originating on the slopes of Ben Lui and flowing eastwards through the city of Perth before becoming an estuary, the Firth of Tay.


Gore

From any of various places named Gore, from gore (“a triangular piece of land where roads meet”).

Gore Water, a minor tributary in Scotland which flows through Gorebridge to the River South Esk.


Foyers

A river in Highland council area, which flows past the village to Loch Ness.


Almond

A river in North Lanarkshire council area, West Lothian council area and Edinburgh council area, Scotland, which empties into the Firth of Forth near Edinburgh.

A river in Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, which joins the River Tay.


Դի

Di (romanization)
Դի (nominative singular singular-only)
Դիի (dative singular singular-only)
Դիից (ablative singular singular-only)
Դիով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Դիում (locative singular singular-only)
Դին (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Դիին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Դիս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Դիիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Դիիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Դիովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Դիումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Դիդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դիիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դիիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դիովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Դիումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy:Դի (գետ Աբերդինշիրում)


Annan

Annan, Tweed an' Clyde
Rise out o' ae hillside.

A river in Dumfries and Galloway council area, southern Scotland.


Wick

From Old Norse vík (“bay, inlet”), from Proto-Germanic *wīkō.

The Wick River, a river in Caithness, Highland council area, that flows through the town into Wick Bay on the North Sea.


Thurso

From Old Norse Þórsá (“Thor's River”). The Norse is likely an adaptation of the Latin Tarvodubron from a Proto-Brythonic reflex of Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) + *dubros (“water”).

A river in Highland council area, Scotland.


Ore

* From Old English ora (“edge, stream bank, brink”)
* For the river, a back-formation from Orford, Suffolk.

der

Ore, East Sussex
River Leven, Fife
River Ore

A tributary of the River Leven, Fife council area, Scotland.


ケルビン

[ke̞ɾɯ̟bʲĩɴ]


Esk

Possibly derived from Proto-Brythonic *Uɨsk, a river name perhaps originally meaning "abundant in fish". Cognate to the river names Axe, Exe, and Usk.

A river in Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland, which crosses the border into Cumbria, England, before flowing into Solway Firth.

A river mostly in East Lothian council area, Scotland, its branches North Esk and South Esk are in Midlothian.


Yarrow

* The river is believed to be of Celtic/Brythonic origin and related to Welsh garw (“rough”).
* English and Scottish surname derived from the river, though likely influenced by the noun yarrow.

A river, named Yarrow Water, in Scottish Borders council area, Scotland.


Tweed

en-proper noun

Tweed (countable and uncountable, plural Tweeds)

en:River Tweed
en:Tweed (disambiguation)

The Tweed is a salmon river, and the Blessing of the Nets ceremony heralds the start of the fishing season.

1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 296:

A river in the United Kingdom; a river in the Scottish Borders area which for part of its length forms the border between Scotland and England. It flows into the North Sea at Berwick-upon-Tweed and Tweedmouth, England.


Carron

Carron (countable and uncountable, plural Carrons)

A river in Wester Ross, Highland council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Carron.

A river in Sutherland, Highland council area, which flows into the Kyle of Sutherland.


Nairn

The River Nairn, a river in Highland council area, which flows into the Moray Firth at the town of Nairn.


Ettrick Water

A river in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland, which flows into the River Tweed between Selkirk and Galashiels.


Leven

A short river in Dunbartonshire, Scotland, which flows from Loch Lomond to the Firth of Clyde.

A river in Perth and Kinross council area and Fife council area, Scotland, which flows from Loch Leven to the Firth of Forth at the town of Leven.


Awe

Awe (countable and uncountable, plural Awes)

For nearly four miles, between Loch Awe and Taynuilt, the Callander and Oban section of the L.M.S.R. runs through the Pass of Brander, on the lower slopes of Ben Cruachan, beside the swift-flowing River Awe.

1947 May and June, “Notes and News: Derailment in the Pass of Brander, L.M.S.R.”, in Railway Magazine, page 181:

The River Awe, a short river between Loch Awe and Loch Etive, Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland.


Aan

Avon (a river in the Highlands of Scotland; a tributary of the River Spey)


Conon

A river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows into Cromarty Firth.


Ythan

According to Watson (1926), from Pictish, in turn from Proto-Brythonic, Proto-Celtic *Iectona (“the talkative one”), compare Welsh iaith (“language”).

cog

The bridge over the Ythan at Ellon. The smaller arch at the south end was added after the abutment had collapsed

1956 January, H. A. Vallance, “Northwards from Aberdeen”, in Railway Magazine, page 14, image caption:

A river in Aberdeenshire council area, north-eastern Scotland, which flows into the North Sea.


Nith

The River Nith, a river in south-west Scotland, mainly in Dumfries and Galloway council area.


Earn

From Scottish Gaelic Èireann, genitive singular of Èirinn (“Ireland”), closely related to the river name Erne.

A river in Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, which flows into the tidal River Tay.


Spean

A river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows into the River Lochy.


Orchy

Possibly from Proto-Brythonic *argoɨd (“surrounding forest”).

der

A river in Argyll and Bute council area, in the Highlands of Scotland, which flows from Loch Tulla to Loch Awe.


Eye Water

One of the biggest tasks in restoring the main line was the replacement, by temporary structures, of the seven bridges over the Eye Water, which pursues a meandering course, beside the railway, for about five miles between Grantshouse and Reston.

1949 January and February, “Notes and News: Replacement of Bridges”, in Railway Magazine, page 64:

A river in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland, which runs into the North Sea at Eyemouth.


Teviot

From Scottish Gaelic abhainn Tìbhiot, probably from the same ultimate source as the river Thames, which see.

A river in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland, which joins the Tweed at Kelso.


Lossie

A river in Moray council area, Scotland.


Lunan Water

A river in Angus council area, Scotland, which flows into Lunan Bay at Lunan.


Strathmore

Of Scottish origin; from strath (“a wide, flat river valley”) + mōr (“swamp”).

A valley and river therein, in Sutherland, Highland council area, in the far north of Scotland (the valley is spelt Strath More on an Ordnance Survey map).


Carron Water

A minor river in Kincardineshire, Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, which flows into the North Sea at Stonehaven.

A minor river in Dumfriesshire, Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland, which joins the River Nith at Carronbridge.


Helmsdale

A river, the River Helmsdale in Highland council area, which flows into the North Sea at Helmsdale.


Allan Water

A river in Perth and Kinross council area and Stirling council area, Scotland, which joins the River Forth.

A stream in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland, which joins the River Teviot at Newmill.


Brora

From Old Norse brú (genitive brúar) + á (“river with a bridge”).

A river in Sutherland, Highland council area, which flows into the North Sea at Brora.


Douglas Water

A river in Glen Douglas, Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Lomond.

A river in Argyll and Bute council area which flows into Loch Fyne.

A river in South Lanarkshire council area, Scotland, which joins the Clyde. Douglas in South Lanarkshire is also on this river.


Shiel

en-proper noun

Shiel (countable and uncountable, plural Shiels)

A short river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows from Loch Shiel to Loch Moidart.

A river in Glen Shiel, further north in Highland council area.


Glaisnock Water

A minor river in East Ayrshire council area, Scotland, which joins Lugar Water at Cumnock.


Ury

A river in Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, which joins the River Don at Inverurie.


Fillan

With Ben More in the distance, West Coast Railways 37668 pilots 37669 over the River Fillan on the approach to Crianlarich on July 26.

2021 September 22, “Modern Images”, in RAIL, page 67, photo caption:

A river, the River Fillan in Stirling council area, Scotland, which forms an upper section of the River Tay above Loch Dochart, through Strath Fillan and Crianlarich.


Fiddich

A river in Moray council area, Scotland, which joins the Spey at Craigellachie.


Nethy

A river in Highland council area, Scotland, which joins the River Spey at Broomhill.


North Esk

The sight of them [the Grampians] as we crossed the viaduct over the North Esk I am not likely to forget. After a night of snow, they hung wraith-like across the sky, exquisitely beautiful in the greyness of winter dawn.

1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “"The Aberdonian" in Wartime”, in Railway Magazine, page 8:

A river in Angus council area and Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, which flows into the North Sea.

A river in Midlothian council area, Scotland, a branch of the River Esk, East Lothian.


Lochy

A river in the Great Glen, Highland council area, Scotland, which flows from Loch Lochy to Loch Linnhe at Inverlochy.

A river in Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland, that joins the River Orchy at Inverlochy, near Dalmally.


Cairn Water

A river in Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland.The lower river is also known as Cluden Water, before it joins the River Nith.


Oich

A short river in the Great Glen, between Loch Oich and Loch Ness, Highland council area, Scotland.


Findhorn

The River Findhorn, a river in Highland council area and Moray council area, Scotland, which flows into the Moray Firth at the village of Findhorn.


Oykel

A river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows via the Kyle of Sutherland to Dornoch Firth.


Tummel

A river in Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, a tributary of the River Tay.


Truim

A river in Highland council area, Scotland, a tributary of the River Spey.


Gala Water

A river in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland, which joins the Tweed near Galashiels.


South Esk

A river in Angus council area, Scotland, which flows into the North Sea.


Liddel Water

From Old English hlÿde + dæl, valley of the River Lid (loud one).

A river in the Scottish Borders council area and Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland.


Dochart

A river in Stirling council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Tay at Killin.


Treig

A short river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows from Loch Treig to the River Spean.


Luggie Water

A river in North Lanarkshire council area and East Dunbartonshire council area, Scotland, which joins the Kelvin at Kirkintilloch.


Glazert Water

A short river in East Dunbartonshire council area, Scotland, flowing from the confluence of Finglen Burn and Aldessan Burn to the Kelvin near Kirkintilloch.


Endrick Water

A river mostly in Stirling council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Lomond; the lower reaches border onto West Dunbartonshire.


Finnan

Meanwhile, ground-level teams are working in the River Finnan to protect the viaduct piers from erosion - a risk that's increasing due to climate change.

2024 July 24, “Network News: Glenfinnan Viaduct refresh at new heights”, in RAIL, number 1014, page 9:

A river in Glen Finnan, Highland council area, Scotland.


Stinchar

A river in South Ayrshire council area, Scotland, that flows into the Firth of Clyde at Ballantrae.


Clunie Water

A tributary of the River Dee, Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland.


Shee Water

A river in Glen Shee, north-east Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, which changes its name to Black Water at the south end of the glen.


Deveron

A river in Moray council area and Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, which flows into the Moray Firth at Banff.


Gairn

A river in Glen Gairn, Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, a tributary of the River Dee.


Lochay

A river, the River Lochay in Glen Lochay, Stirling council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Tay at Killin.


Naver

A river, the River Naver in Strath Naver, that flows into the North Atlantic in north Sutherland, Highland council area, Scotland.


Aray

A river in Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland, that flows into Loch Fyne at Inveraray.


Hermitage Water

It may be named after Hermitage Castle, the hamlet of Hermitage is also by the river.

A river in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland, a tributary of Liddel Water.


Bowmont Water

A river in the Scottish Borders council area, Scotland and Northumberland, England, where it forms the River Glen.


Ugie

A river in Buchan, Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, which reaches the North Sea at Peterhead.