Baotou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 包頭／包头 (Bāotóu), from Mongolian ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ (buɣutu, “haunt of deers”), from ᠪᠤᠭᠤ (buɣu, “deer”) / буга (buga) + -ᠲᠤ (-tu, “with…”) / -т (-t, “ornative case suffix”).

der

Moving west from Paotowchen there is only one highway, which many camel trains from Kansu follow in winter, but which is almost deserted in summer when the Yellow River is ice free. This road leads through Santaoho, a Roman Catholic Mission village near the elbow of the river, through Shihtsuishan, where there is a carefully guarded pass and a large garrison, and on into the populous Ninghsia district of Kansu, altogether an eighteen day journey of about 1,300 11 through thinly settled country in which a pestilence would travel with difficulty and in which it could have been most effectually checked at any of half a dozen points.

[1918 April, Rodney Gilbert, “Pneumonic Plague in China”, in Asia, volume XVIII, number 4, American Asiatic Association, page 344, columns 2, 3:

Alley and I were not going to Turkestan. We were on a four-hundred-and-fifty-mile trip to Paotou (pronounced Bao Toe), which used to be the frontier end of the line and is now autonomous Inner Mongolia’s largest city.

[1962, Edgar Snow, “Paotou Retrospect”, in Red China Today: The Other Side of the River, Penguin Books, published 1970, →OCLC, page 72:

Dirty, toxic, radioactive: Working in the mining sector
One of the most extreme examples is Baotou, a Chinese city in Inner Mongolia, where rare earth mining poisoned surrounding farms and nearby villages, causing thousands of people to leave the area.

2021 April 13, Michel Penke, “Toxic and radioactive: The damage from mining rare elements”, in DW News, archived from the original on 2021-04-13, CRITICAL RAW MATERIALS:

A prefecture-level city, the largest city in Inner Mongolia, in northern China.

بَاوْتُو

a prefecture-level city in northern China


Baotou

Baotou (a prefecture-level city, the largest city in Inner Mongolia, in northern China)


Inner Mongolia

inner (near, seen from China proper) + Mongolia

Inner Mongolia has no lakes of any importance, and those of the Kalkas are small; but Kobdo is a country of lakes, as well as of mountains.

1832 August, Le Ming-che Tsing-lae, “Ta-tsing wan-neen yih-tung King-wei Yu-too”, in The Chinese Repository, volume 1, number 4, Canton, page 120:

The twenty-four tribes, or Aimaks, in Inner Mongolia constitute forty-nine standards or Khochoun,—Ke, in Chinese.

1834, Charles Gutzlaff, A Sketch of Chinese History, volume 1, page 12:

The Chinese Communist regime has drastically reduced the size of Inner Mongolia and greatly boosted Chinese immigration there in an effort to reduce the Russian threat on the Mongolian border.[…]
With the heavy concentration of Soviet troops along the borders of Inner Mongolia, Peiping fears that the Mongolians might rise to pave the way for a Russian invasion, the report said.
By cutting up Inner Mongolia and reducing the Mongolian population, the Chinese Communists hope to make their tight control of the Mongolians easier in face of the Russian threat, the report said.

1973 February 4, “Size of Inner Mongolia reduced”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 5, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

Temperatures in Yakeshi in Inner Mongolia (內蒙古) dropped to minus 28 degrees Celsius yesterday, while Harbin (哈爾濱) in Heilongjiang (黑龍江) province experienced minus 19 degrees.

2016 January 21, Alice Yan, Lai Ying Kit, Mimi Lau, “Incredible scenes as mainland shoppers strip supermarket shelves ahead of big chill”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-01-22, China:

As elsewhere in China, Xinjiang has been stepping up efforts to banish ethnic-minority languages from schools—a policy that has recently triggered protests by parents in Inner Mongolia, a northern region.

2020 October 17, “Orphaned by the state”, in The Economist, volume 437, number 9216, page 37:

The Shenzhou 13 space capsule landed in the Gobi desert in the northern region of Inner Mongolia, shown live on state TV.

2022 April 16, “Chinese astronauts land after 6 months on space station”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-04-16:

The number of deaths due to a collapse of a mine in northern China’s Inner Mongolia region climbed to six as rescue efforts to locate the 47 missing continued, state media reported Friday.

2023 February 24, “China mine collapse death toll climbs to 6”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2023-02-24:

An autonomous region of China, south of Mongolia, with closely related native Mongolian population, mostly north of the Great Wall. Capital: Hohhot.

内モンゴル

うちモンゴル, Uchi Mongoru, ないモンゴル, Nai Mongoru

Anhui · Fujian · Guangdong · Gansu · Guizhou · Henan · Hubei · Hebei · Hainan · Heilongjiang · Hunan · Jilin · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Liaoning · Qinghai · Sichuan · Shandong · Shaanxi · Shanxi · Taiwan · Yunnan · Zhejiang

Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang

Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing


内蒙古

Inner Mongolia (an autonomous region of China)


內蒙古

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (內蒙古):
* → Japanese: 内(ない)蒙(もう)古(こ) (Naimōko)
* → Korean: 내몽고(內蒙古) (Naemonggo)
* → Vietnamese: Nội Mông Cổ (內蒙古)

→ Zhuang: Neimungzguj

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nɔːi̯²² mʊŋ²¹ kuː³⁵/

/ⁿdui³² ᵐbɵŋ²² ku⁵⁵/

/nˡɔy²⁴² muŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋu³³/

/lai³³⁻¹¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³/

/lai³³⁻²¹ bɔŋ²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ¹³⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/lai²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/lue²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/lai³⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nɔːi̯²² mʊŋ²¹ kuː³⁵/

/ⁿdui³² ᵐbɵŋ²² ku⁵⁵/

/nˡɔy²⁴² muŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋu³³/

/lai³³⁻¹¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³/

/lai³³⁻²¹ bɔŋ²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ¹³⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/lai²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/lue²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/lai³⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

～自治區 內蒙古自治區#Chinese

(～自治區) Inner Mongolia (an autonomous region of China; capital: Hohhot)


Внутренняя Монголия

ru-proper noun+

Вну́тренняя Монго́лия • (Vnútrennjaja Mongólija) f inan (genitive Вну́тренней Монго́лии)

Вну́тренняя Монго́лия (canonical)
Vnútrennjaja Mongólija (romanization)
Вну́тренней Монго́лии (genitive)
Вну́тренняя Монго́лия (nominative singular)
Вну́тренней Монго́лии (genitive singular)
Вну́тренней Монго́лии (dative singular)
Вну́треннюю Монго́лию (accusative singular)
Вну́тренней Монго́лией (instrumental singular)
Вну́треннею Монго́лиею (instrumental singular)
Вну́тренней Монго́лии (prepositional singular)

ru:Внутренняя Монголия


Yellow River

Calque of Chinese 黃河／黄河 (Huáng Hé), chiefly from the river's golden appearance as far west as Lanzhou caused by the enormous levels of silt it acquires from the Loess Plateau but also influenced by the color schema in wuxing ("Five Element") theory, which associates earth with the color 黃／黄 (huáng), usually translated as "yellow" but also inclusive of shades modern English would consider golden, orange, brown, tan, etc. The earliest Chinese sources simply describe it as 河 (hé, “The River”) but it was later distinguished as the Yellow River after 河 (hé) began to replace 水 (shuǐ) as a generic term for creeks and smaller rivers.

That Riuer of Nanquin which I called (Yamſu or) Ianſu, the ſonne of the Sea, goeth Northward to Nanquin, and then returning ſomewhat Southward, runneth into the Sea with great force; fortie myles from which it paſſeth by Nanquin. And that from hence to Pequin there might bee paſſage by Riuers, the Kings of China haue deriued a large Channell from this to another Riuer, called the Yellow Riuer, ſuch being the colour of that troubled water. This is the other famous Riuer of that Kingdome, in greatneſſe and note, which ariſesth without the Kingdome to the Weſt, out of the Hill Cunlun, conjectured to bee the ſame whence Ganges ariſeth, or one neere to it.

1625, Samuel Purchas, Pvrchas His Pilgrimes, volume III, London, →OCLC, page 340:

Firſt of all, There are in China two famous large Rivers, namely Kiang, and the Yellow River... The Yellow River, by ſtrangers ſo called from the colour of the water, occaſioned by the Yellowneſs of the ground, is named Hoang in the Chineſe Language, and ſeems at firſt to be very Mooriſh; but the ſwiftneſs and great force of its running, makes it appear the quite contrary; for with ſo incredible a ſwiftneſs does this River run, that no Ships are able to Sail up againſt its Stream, but are drawn up againſt the ſame by the main ſtrength of a great number of Track-men: which may proceed from its being contracted within ſo narrow bounds; for in ſome places it is but half a mile broad, and in others a little broader, but in a continued courſe, for in length it extends above 800 miles.

1669, John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, →OCLC, pages 235–236:

After passing a short stage, through low lands with very different prospects, a succession of good towns and villages, numerous vessels, and crowds of people, indicated the vicinity of the Yellow River, into which the canal falls with a gentle force.
November 2d, the yachts came to the spot where the canal joins the Yellow River.
The Yellow River runs at this place with such rapidity that the Chinese sailors deemed it necessary to offer a sacrifice to its Guardian Spirit for a safe passage.

1798, Complete View of the Chinese Empire, London, page 400:

As we rode slowly over the Lunghai Line toward Sianfu, across the brown sun-baked plains of Northern Honan, soon to be flooded when the Chinese breached the Yellow River dikes to stop the advancing Yellow Horde, we passed many troop trains en-route to the front.

1941, Edgar Snow, The Battle for Asia, New York: Random House, page 26:

China's Yellow River, or Huang he, is named for the yellow, sandy silt it carries in its water. This silt, called loess, is almost as fine as flour. Over thousands of years, the northwestern wind blowing from the Gobi Desert has deposited hundreds of feet of loess over northern China. As the Yellow River flows through China, it sweeps away the fine, yellow silt and carries it downriver.

2001, Kim Dramer, The Yellow River, Franklin Watts, →ISBN, page 7:

FOR MORE THAN 2,000 years, a branch of the Silk Road — the 600-mile-long Hexi Corridor — has angled southeast from the Taklamakan and Gobi deserts to the Yellow River loess plains.

2020 May 11, Anna Sherman, “A Poetic Journey Through Western China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-05-11:

Central China, where multiple tributaries of the Yellow River crisscross and monsoon rains are exceptionally heavy, has long been subject to flooding.

2021 July 22, Pei Lin Wu, Rebecca Tan, “Death toll in China floods climbs to 33 as rains spread and more cities call for help”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-07-22, Asia:

The chief river of the North China Plain, currently flowing 5,463 km from the Bayan Har Mountains of Qinghai to the Bohai Sea but historically prone to massive floods which caused its course to vary widely over time.

Kunlun

Source of the Yellow River in trad. Chinese mythology


包頭

→ English: Baotou, Pao-t'ou, Paotow

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ (buɣutu), from ᠪᠤᠭᠤ (buɣu, “deer”) / буга (buga) + -ᠲᠤ (-tu, “place where ... is”)

/pɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/pɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/paːu̯⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/pau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/pau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/pau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/pau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/pau³³⁻²³ tʰau⁵⁵/

/pɒu̯³³ təu̯¹³/

/pɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/pɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/paːu̯⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/pau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/pau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/pau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/pau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/pau³³⁻²³ tʰau⁵⁵/

/pɒu̯³³ təu̯¹³/

(～市) Baotou (a prefecture-level city, the largest city in Inner Mongolia, in northern China)


包頭

ja-pos

包(ほう)頭(とう) • (Hōtō)


లోపలి మంగోలియా

te-proper noun

లోపలి మంగోలియా • (lōpali maṅgōliyā) ?


Sisä-Mongolia

Sisä-Mongolia (nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongolia (accusative nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongolian (accusative genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongolian (genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaa (partitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliassa (inessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliasta (elative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaan (illative singular)
Sisä-Mongolialla (adessive singular)
Sisä-Mongolialta (ablative singular)
Sisä-Mongolialle (allative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliana (essive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaksi (singular translative)
Sisä-Mongoliatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Sisä-Mongoliani (nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliani (accusative nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliani (accusative genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliani (genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaani (partitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliassani (inessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliastani (elative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaani (illative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallani (adessive singular)
Sisä-Mongolialtani (ablative singular)
Sisä-Mongolialleni (allative singular)
Sisä-Mongolianani (essive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliakseni (singular translative)
Sisä-Mongoliattani (abessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliasi (nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliasi (accusative nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliasi (accusative genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliasi (genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaasi (partitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliassasi (inessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliastasi (elative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaasi (illative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallasi (adessive singular)
Sisä-Mongolialtasi (ablative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallesi (allative singular)
Sisä-Mongolianasi (essive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaksesi (singular translative)
Sisä-Mongoliattasi (abessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliamme (nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliamme (accusative nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliamme (accusative genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliamme (genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaamme (partitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliassamme (inessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliastamme (elative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaamme (illative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallamme (adessive singular)
Sisä-Mongolialtamme (ablative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallemme (allative singular)
Sisä-Mongolianamme (essive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaksemme (singular translative)
Sisä-Mongoliattamme (abessive singular)
Sisä-Mongolianne (nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongolianne (accusative nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongolianne (accusative genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongolianne (genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaanne (partitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliassanne (inessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliastanne (elative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaanne (illative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallanne (adessive singular)
Sisä-Mongolialtanne (ablative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallenne (allative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliananne (essive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaksenne (singular translative)
Sisä-Mongoliattanne (abessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliansa (nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliansa (accusative nominative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliansa (accusative genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliansa (genitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaansa (partitive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliassaan (inessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliassansa (inessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliastaan (elative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliastansa (elative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliaansa (illative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallaan (adessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallansa (adessive singular)
Sisä-Mongolialtaan (ablative singular)
Sisä-Mongolialtansa (ablative singular)
Sisä-Mongolialleen (allative singular)
Sisä-Mongoliallensa (allative singular)
Sisä-Mongolianaan (essive singular)
Sisä-Mongolianansa (essive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliakseen (singular translative)
Sisä-Mongoliaksensa (singular translative)
Sisä-Mongoliattaan (abessive singular)
Sisä-Mongoliattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈs̠is̠æˌmo̞ŋːo̞ˌliɑ̝]


Neimungzguj

head

Neimungzguj (1957–1982 spelling Neimuŋƨguз)

zh-l

內蒙古／内蒙古 (Nèi Měnggǔ)


Nội Mông Cổ

[noj˧˨ʔ məwŋ͡m˧˧ ko˧˩]

[noj˨˩˨ məwŋ͡m˧˧ kow˨˩˦]


内モンゴル

内モンゴル (canonical)
Uchi Mongoru (romanization)

[ɯ̟t͡ɕi mõ̞ŋɡo̞ɾɯ̟]


内モンゴル

内モンゴル (canonical)
Nai Mongoru (romanization)

[na̠i mõ̞ŋɡo̞ɾɯ̟]


Өвөр Монгол

head

Өвөр Монгол • (Övör Mongol)

mn-proper noun

Өвөр Монгол • (Övör Mongol)

/ˈɵw̜ɵr̥ mɔŋkɔɮ/

From өвөр (övör, “inner”) + Монгол (Mongol, “Mongolia”).

compound

Mongolian script
mn:Өвөр Монголын Өөртөө Засах Орон


回民

/wuːi̯²¹ mɐn²¹/

/wuːi̯²¹ mɐn²¹/

(～區) Huimin District (a district of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China)