BC

abbreviation of Bacău: a county of Romania


NT

abbreviation of Neamț: a county of Romania


MS

abbreviation of Mureș: a county of Romania


AB

abbreviation of Alba: a county of Romania


AG

abbreviation of Argeș: a county of Romania


CL

abbreviation of Călărași: a county of Romania


CS

initialism of Caraș-Severin: a county of Romania


GR

abbreviation of Giurgiu: a county of Romania


TL

abbreviation of Tulcea: a county of Romania


AR

abbreviation of Arad: a county of Romania


CT

abbreviation of Constanța: a county of Romania


IL

abbreviation of Ialomița: a county of Romania


NY

Abbreviation of North Yorkshire: a county of England.


WY

Initialism of West Yorkshire: a county of England.


唐

(～郡) Down (a county of Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English


Stockholm

From Swedish Stockholm, compound of stock (“log”) + holme (“islet”), possibly referring to logs put outside of the Stockholm shores to prevent ships from invading.


TM

abbreviation of Timiș: a county of Romania


SM

initialism of Satu Mare: a county of Romania


VL

abbreviation of Vâlcea: a county of Romania


ハワイ

Hawaii, Hawaii County (a county of Hawaii, United States)


MM

abbreviation of Maramureș: a county of Romania


Dublin

From Middle Irish Dublind, from dub (“black”) + lind (“pond”).

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown
Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown

A traditional county of Ireland, now divided into the City of Dublin and three counties; Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin.


Dublin

Dublin (nominative singular)
Dublina (genitive singular)
Dublinu (genitive singular)
Dublinowi (dative singular)
Dublin (accusative singular)
Dublinem (instrumental singular)
Dublinie (locative singular)
Dublinie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Dublin, from Middle Irish Dublind, from dub + lind.

Dublin (a traditional county of Ireland)


Los Angeles

/lɔs ˈæŋɡələs/

/loʊs ˈæŋɡələs/

An anglicized form of Spanish Pueblo de los Ángeles (City of the Angels), a clipping of Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles de Porciúncula (“Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels of Porziuncola”), taken from the Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí's name for the nearby Los Angeles River, first sighted by the Portolá expedition on August 2, the feast day of the dedication of the chapel of Porziuncola (from Latin portiuncula, “little portion”) in Santa Maria degli Angeli (Italian for “Saint Mary of the Angels”) near Assisi, Italy, where St Francis began his order.

Los Angeles County
Los Angeles County#English

Ellipsis of Los Angeles County: a county of California, United States. County seat: Los Angeles.


Oslo

From Norwegian Oslo, from Old Norse Ósló, Ásló f or n. The first element is disputed, but is likely from ǫ́ss, áss (“god; one of the Æsir”), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz. Another theory is that it comes from áss (“hill, beam”), from Proto-Germanic *ansaz, but this is unlikely. The second element is ló f or n (“meadow”), from Proto-Germanic *lauhō f, *lauhaz m (compare the suffix -ley in English place-names).

A county and municipality, the capital city of Norway. Formerly called Christiania and Kristiania.

Oslo

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

أوسلو

ʔōslū, ʔōslō


Oslo

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


Oslo

cs-proper noun

Oslo n (relational adjective osloský or oselský)

Oslo n (indeclinable, relational adjective osloský or oselský, demonym Oslan)

osloský (adjective relational)
oselský (adjective relational)
osloský (adjective relational)
oselský (adjective relational)
Oslan (demonym)
Oslo (nominative singular)
Osla (genitive singular)
Oslo (genitive singular)
Oslu (dative singular)
Oslo (dative singular)
Oslo (accusative singular)
Oslo (singular vocative)
Osle (locative singular)
Oslo (locative singular)
Oslem (instrumental singular)
Oslo (instrumental singular)


Oslo

Ansloo (alternative)
Anslo (alternative)
Ansloe (alternative)


Oslo

Oslo (nominative singular)
Oslo (accusative nominative singular)
Oslon (accusative genitive singular)
Oslon (genitive singular)
Osloa (partitive singular)
Oslossa (inessive singular)
Oslosta (elative singular)
Osloon (illative singular)
Oslolla (adessive singular)
Oslolta (ablative singular)
Oslolle (allative singular)
Oslona (essive singular)
Osloksi (singular translative)
Oslotta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Osloni (nominative singular)
Osloni (accusative nominative singular)
Osloni (accusative genitive singular)
Osloni (genitive singular)
Osloani (partitive singular)
Oslossani (inessive singular)
Oslostani (elative singular)
Oslooni (illative singular)
Oslollani (adessive singular)
Osloltani (ablative singular)
Oslolleni (allative singular)
Oslonani (essive singular)
Oslokseni (singular translative)
Oslottani (abessive singular)
Oslosi (nominative singular)
Oslosi (accusative nominative singular)
Oslosi (accusative genitive singular)
Oslosi (genitive singular)
Osloasi (partitive singular)
Oslossasi (inessive singular)
Oslostasi (elative singular)
Osloosi (illative singular)
Oslollasi (adessive singular)
Osloltasi (ablative singular)
Oslollesi (allative singular)
Oslonasi (essive singular)
Osloksesi (singular translative)
Oslottasi (abessive singular)
Oslomme (nominative singular)
Oslomme (accusative nominative singular)
Oslomme (accusative genitive singular)
Oslomme (genitive singular)
Osloamme (partitive singular)
Oslossamme (inessive singular)
Oslostamme (elative singular)
Osloomme (illative singular)
Oslollamme (adessive singular)
Osloltamme (ablative singular)
Oslollemme (allative singular)
Oslonamme (essive singular)
Osloksemme (singular translative)
Oslottamme (abessive singular)
Oslonne (nominative singular)
Oslonne (accusative nominative singular)
Oslonne (accusative genitive singular)
Oslonne (genitive singular)
Osloanne (partitive singular)
Oslossanne (inessive singular)
Oslostanne (elative singular)
Osloonne (illative singular)
Oslollanne (adessive singular)
Osloltanne (ablative singular)
Oslollenne (allative singular)
Oslonanne (essive singular)
Osloksenne (singular translative)
Oslottanne (abessive singular)
Oslonsa (nominative singular)
Oslonsa (accusative nominative singular)
Oslonsa (accusative genitive singular)
Oslonsa (genitive singular)
Osloaan (partitive singular)
Osloansa (partitive singular)
Oslossaan (inessive singular)
Oslossansa (inessive singular)
Oslostaan (elative singular)
Oslostansa (elative singular)
Osloonsa (illative singular)
Oslollaan (adessive singular)
Oslollansa (adessive singular)
Osloltaan (ablative singular)
Osloltansa (ablative singular)
Oslolleen (allative singular)
Oslollensa (allative singular)
Oslonaan (essive singular)
Oslonansa (essive singular)
Oslokseen (singular translative)
Osloksensa (singular translative)
Oslottaan (abessive singular)
Oslottansa (abessive singular)


Oslo

de-proper noun

Oslo n (proper noun, genitive Oslos or (optionally with an article) Oslo)

Oslos (genitive)
Oslo (genitive with-article)


Oslo

Oslo (nominative singular)
Oslót (accusative singular)
Oslónak (dative singular)
Oslóval (instrumental singular)
Oslóért (causal-final singular)
Oslóvá (singular translative)
Oslóig (singular terminative)
Osloként (essive-formal singular)
Oslóban (inessive singular)
Oslón (singular superessive)
Oslónál (adessive singular)
Oslóba (illative singular)
Oslóra (singular sublative)
Oslóhoz (allative singular)
Oslóból (elative singular)
Oslóról (delative singular)
Oslótól (ablative singular)
Oslóé (singular)
Oslóéi (singular)
Oslóm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Oslód (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Oslója (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Oslónk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Oslótok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Oslójuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Oslo

From Old Norse Ósló, Ásló, first part from áss (“a god in Norse mythology”) + last part from ló (“meadow”).


Oslo

Barcode Project
Christian IV
Old Town, Oslo#Mediaeval Oslo
Oslo Opera House
Tom Segalstad
nn:Oslo

From Old Norse Ósló, Ásló f or n. The first element is disputed, but is likely from ǫ́ss, áss (“god; one of the Æsir”), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz. The name Ósló then comes from older *Ǫ́sló where the ǫ́ is nasalised (whence the -n- in Dutch Ansloo and Latin Ansloa), from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚾᛊᚢᛚᚨᚢᚺᚢ (*ansulauhu), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god, deity”) + *lauhō f, *lauhaz m (“clearing, meadow”). According to Sandnes and Stemshaug, the name has likely been around since before the first century.
Another theory is that the first part comes from áss (“hill, beam”), from Proto-Germanic *ansaz, but this is unlikely, as there would be no explanation for ó- found in Ósló. The geologist Tom V. Segalstad has claimed that it comes from Old Norse ufs (“steep mountainside”), based on the Danicised spelling Opsloe. However, this form was never used in Norwegian, and various borrowings have -n- to signify a nasal vowel, which ufs would not have.
Cognates include Faroese and Icelandic Ósló, Dutch Ansloo and (also Low German) Anslo, and Latin Ansloa, Asloa, Osloa (Latinisations).
Between 1624 and 1925, Oslo referred to the old town of Oslo, a mediaeval town that burnt down in 1624. When the city was rebuilt, king Christian IV of Denmark named the new city Christiania (later spelling: Kristiania) after himself. During the 1800s, various authors would begin taking the old name back and the city officially changed its name to Oslo in 1925. The location of the old town got the name Gamlebyen (literally “Old Town”), now a neighbourhood in the modern city.

Åslo (alternative obsolete)
Ósló (alternative)

Han berre klagar paa det, at Namnet sidan vardt burtskutlat, med di at Kong Kristian IV i Aaret 1624 «hadde det uheppne Innfallet at umbyta det eldgamle ærverdige Namnet Oslo med det nye, sjølvuppfundne og halvbarbariske Namn Christiania». […] Og detta er vel ogso den rettaste Synsmaaten.

1912, Ivar Aasen, “Um Namnet Oslo”, in Skrifter i samling, page 204:

His [P. A. Munch’s] only complaint was that the name was later thrown away, as king Christian IV in the year 1624 “had the unfortunate idea of switching out the old honourable name Oslo with the new, self-invented and half-barbaric name Christiania”. […] And this is probably also the most correct way to look at it.

Folk kjøper seg hytta på Geilo og Gol. Dei vil stå litt på slalåm og slikka litt sol. Eg kjenne det krible, eg har eit begjær: Eg vil ha hytta i Oslo; det er der eg vil vær.

People buy cabins in Geilo and Gol. They want to stand on slalom and lick some sun. I feel it tingle, I have a lust: I want a cabin in Oslo; there is where I want to be.


Oslo

pl-prop

Oslo n (indeclinable, related adjective oslowski)

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital and largest city of Norway)


Oslo

Ȍslo (canonical neuter)
О̏сло (Cyrillic)
Oslo (nominative singular)
Osla (genitive singular)
Oslu (dative singular)
Oslo (accusative singular)
Oslo (singular vocative)
Oslu (locative singular)
Oslom (instrumental singular)


Oslo

sk-proper noun

Oslo n (genitive singular Osla, declension pattern of mesto)

Osla (genitive singular)
mesto (declension-pattern-of)
Oslo (nominative singular-only)
Osla (genitive singular-only)
Oslu (dative singular-only)
Oslo (accusative singular-only)
Osle (locative singular-only)
Oslom (instrumental singular-only)


Oslo

Óslo (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Óslo (nominative singular)
Ósla (genitive singular)
Óslu (dative singular)
Óslo (accusative singular)
Óslu (locative singular)
Óslom (instrumental singular)


Oslo

Oslo (nominative singular)
Oslolar (nominative plural)
Oslo'lar (nominative plural)
Oslo'yu (accusative singular)
Osloları (accusative plural)
Oslo'ları (accusative plural)
Oslo'ya (dative singular)
Oslolara (dative plural)
Oslo'lara (dative plural)
Oslo'da (locative singular)
Oslolarda (locative plural)
Oslo'larda (locative plural)
Oslo'dan (ablative singular)
Oslolardan (ablative plural)
Oslo'lardan (ablative plural)
Oslo'nun (genitive singular)
Osloların (genitive plural)
Oslo'ların (genitive plural)
Oslo'm (first-person singular)
Oslolarım (first-person singular)
Oslo'larım (first-person singular)
Oslo'n (second-person singular)
Osloların (second-person singular)
Oslo'ların (second-person singular)
Oslo'su (singular third-person)
Osloları (singular third-person)
Oslo'ları (singular third-person)
Oslo'muz (first-person plural)
Oslolarımız (first-person plural)
Oslo'larımız (first-person plural)
Oslo'nuz (plural second-person)
Oslolarınız (plural second-person)
Oslo'larınız (plural second-person)
Oslo'su (plural third-person)
Osloları (plural third-person)
Oslo'ları (plural third-person)


San Francisco

Borrowed from Spanish San Francisco (“Saint Francis”). Doublet of São Francisco.

bor+

The California counties include Alameda, Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Diego, San Francisco, San Bernardino, Ventura and others. Cities include Los Angeles, Oakland, San Francisco, San Diego, San Jose, Long Beach, Malibu, Culver City and Huntington Beach (see the full list below).

2025 May 30, Mark Sternfield, “Trump administration targets California ‘sanctuary’ cities, counties”, in KTLA:

A major coastal city and county in California, United States, formerly Yerba Buena (pre-1847).


Tehran

Diacriticless transliteration of Iranian Persian تِهران (tehrân), from Classical Persian تَهران (tahrān). See there for more.

translit

Teheran (alternative dated)
Tehrân (alternative)


Cluj

Borrowed from Romanian Cluj; see below for more.


Cluj

Cluj (accusative indefinite nominative)
Clujul (accusative definite nominative)
Cluj (indefinite)
Clujului (definite)
Clujule (vocative)
Cluș (alternative)

Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár (cp.vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș.
May be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).
Alternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”).
The official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts.


Warwickshire

From Middle English Warewikeschire; equivalent to Warwick + -shire.

An inland county of England bordered by Staffordshire, Leicestershire, Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire, Gloucestershire, West Midlands and Worcestershire.


Saaremaa

The largest island of Estonia, and Saare County which contains it.


Saaremaa

head

Saaremaa (genitive Saaremaa, partitive Saaremaad)

Saaremaa (genitive)
Saaremaad (partitive)
Saaremaa (nominative singular)
Saaremaa (accusative nominative singular)
Saaremaa (accusative genitive singular)
Saaremaa (genitive singular)
Saaremaad (partitive singular)
Saaremaasse (illative singular)
Saaremaas (inessive singular)
Saaremaast (elative singular)
Saaremaale (allative singular)
Saaremaal (adessive singular)
Saaremaalt (ablative singular)
Saaremaaks (singular translative)
Saaremaani (singular terminative)
Saaremaana (essive singular)
Saaremaata (abessive singular)
Saaremaaga (comitative singular)

/ˈsɑˑreˌmɑː/

[ˈsɑˑreˌmɑː]


Saaremaa

Saaremaa (an island and county of Estonia)


Gotland

A municipality and county on the island of Gotland, Sweden; the only municipality there, so it, the county and island all have the same area.


Gotland

Gotland (an island, province, county, and municipality of Sweden)


Devon

→ Russian: Де́вон (Dévon)

From Old English Defenas, which meant both "Devonians" and "Devon," exemplifying the common Anglo-Saxon practice of naming a place after the people who inhabit it.

A county of England bordered by Cornwall, Somerset, Dorset, the Bristol Channel and the English Channel.


Devon

de-proper noun

Devon n (proper noun, genitive Devons or (optionally with an article) Devon)

Devons (genitive)
Devon (genitive with-article)
Devon (nominative singular)
Devons (genitive singular)
Devon (dative singular)
Devon (accusative singular)


加的夫

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ tɪk̚⁵ fuː⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ tɪk̚⁵ fuː⁵⁵/

Cardiff (a city and county, the capital and largest city of Wales)


Kerry

* As an English surname, from a personal name derived from Old Norse Kári.
* As an Irish surname, from Ó Ciardha (“descendant of Ciardha”), from ciar (“black”).

A county of Ireland. County seat: Tralee.


Derbyshire

Inherited from Middle English Derbyschire, from late Old English Dēorbȳsċīr; equivalent to Derby + -shire.

inh+

A sense of timelessness prevails in the little Derbyshire village of Repton, which was once the capital of the Saxon kingdom of Mercia.

1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 332, photo caption:

A midland county of England bounded by South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, Staffordshire and Cheshire.


Buckinghamshire

Bucks (alternative abbreviation)
Bucks. (alternative abbreviation)
Bck. (alternative abbreviation)

From Old English Buccingahāmsċīr (“district of Bucca's home”), from Buccingahāmme + sċīr, first element from Bucca (see bucca (“he-goat”)) + inga- + ham. By surface analysis, Buckingham + -shire.

surf

An inland county of England bounded by Northamptonshire, Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, Greater London, Berkshire and Oxfordshire.


Cambridgeshire

An inland county in East Anglia, England. County town Cambridge, bordered by Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire.


Bristol

→⇒ Latin: bristoliensis

Inherited from Middle English Brigstow, from Old English Bryċġstōw (literally “the place by the bridge”), from bryċġ + -stōw, with additional final /l/ due to hypercorrection from l-vocalizing accents. See bridge and stow for more.
The tiddlywinks sense is associated with players from Bristol University.

inh

Bristole (alternative obsolete)
Brigstow (alternative obsolete)
Bristou (alternative obsolete)
Bristow (alternative obsolete)
Brizzle (alternative informal)

A city, ceremonial county, and unitary authority in southwest England bordering Gloucestershire, Somerset and The River Severn.


Bristol

pl-prop

Bristol m inan (related adjective bristolski)

bristolski (adjective)
Bristol (nominative singular)
Bristolu (genitive singular)
Bristolowi (dative singular)
Bristol (accusative singular)
Bristolem (instrumental singular)
Bristolu (locative singular)
Bristolu (singular vocative)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


Tyrone

en-prop

Tyrone (countable and uncountable, plural Tyrones)

From Irish Tír Eoghain (literally “land of Eoghan”).

der

The overkingdom of Airgialla comprising Armagh, Monaghan, parts of Louth, Fermanagh, and Tyrone, had ceased to be when the Book of Rights was compiled.

1922, John Ryan, Ireland from A.D. 800 to A.D. 1600, Browne and Nolan, page 282:

A county of Northern Ireland, Ireland island, United Kingdom; One of the six traditional counties in Northern Ireland, often known as County Tyrone.


CV

abbreviation of Covasna: a county of Romania


Yorkshire

/ˈjɔː(ɹ)kʃɪə(ɹ)/

From Middle English Yorkschire; equivalent to York (“English city”) + shire. Displaced native cognate Middle English Everwich schire, from Old English Eoforwīcsċīr.

England's largest county. Situated in the north-east of England; divided into three ridings, (North, West and East, and The City Of York). Since 1974 for administration purposes local government has used different divisions.


Indiana

en-proper noun

Indiana (countable and uncountable, plural Indianas)

From Indian + -a. From “Indiana Territory” dating from 1800, noting the territory's large Native American Indian population. From indian territory.

American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · United States minor outlying islands · United States Virgin Islands

Indiana County
Indiana County#English:_Q494146

Ellipsis of Indiana County: a county of Pennsylvania, United States.


Bedfordshire

From Middle English Bedefordschire, from Old English Bedanfordsċīr, equivalent to Bedford + shire.

A midland county of England, county town Bedford, bounded by Northamptonshire, Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire.


Berkshire

From Middle English Barrokschire, Berchesire, Barrokshyre, Berrucsire, from Old English Bearrocsċīr; the first element is possibly from Proto-Brythonic *barrọg, perhaps meaning “hilly” (compare *barros (“hill, peak, top”)) + Old English sċīr (“shire, county”).

Berkshire
Berkshire (disambiguation)#Other places
Berkshire pig

My convention diary is unusually disjointed, since I was mingily commuting from Berkshire rather than pay £65 per night for a single room.

2005, David Langford, The Sex Column and Other Misprints, page 66:

An inland county of England, bounded by Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Hampshire, Surrey, Greater London and Wiltshire.


Cheshire

Inherited from Middle English Cheschire, late form of Chestreschire, from Old English Ċeastersċīr, from Ceaster (“Chester”, from ceaster, from Latin castra (“camp”)) + scīr (“district, shire”).

Chesher (alternative)
Cheshir (alternative)
Chesshire (alternative)
Chesshyre (alternative)
Chesser (alternative)
Chessor (alternative)

A northwestern county of England, bordered by the Rivers Mersey and Dee, Greater Manchester, Merseyside, Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Wrexham and Flintshire.


Cornwall

From Middle English Cornwaile, Cornwayle, a modification of Cornwale (after Old French Cornuaille), from Old English Cornwēalas (“Cornwall, inhabitants of Cornwall”), from Proto-Celtic *kornu (“horn”) + Old English wealh (“stranger, foreigner”). Compare Wales/Welsh, Walloon, Gaul.

inh

A peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east.


Cornwall

cs-proper noun

Cornwall m inan (relational adjective cornwallský)

cornwallský (adjective relational)
Cornwall (nominative singular)
Cornwallu (genitive singular)
Cornwallu (dative singular)
Cornwall (accusative singular)
Cornwalle (singular vocative)
Cornwallu (locative singular)
Cornwallem (instrumental singular)

Unadapted borrowing from English Cornwall.

ubor

Cornwall (a peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east)


Cumberland

Cumberland
Cumberland (disambiguation)
Cumberland, Maryland

Providence County
Providence County#English

A town in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States.


Dorset

From the county town of Dorchester. The Old English name was Dornwaraceaster, composed of the British Latin name Durnovaria and the common suffix -ceaster; the word was eventually reduced to Dornsǣte, Dorsǣte, a reduction of the original name + the suffix -sǣte (“people, dwellers”), whence Middle English Dorsete.

A maritime county of England, bounded by Somerset, Wiltshire, Hampshire, Devon and the English Channel.


County Durham

A maritime county of England bordered by the North Sea, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, Cumbria and North Yorkshire.


Essex

Inherited from Old English Ēastseaxan (literally “East Saxons”), which stood for both Essex and the people of Essex.

Essex

small unincorporated community in San Bernadino County, California

Essex

coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts

A maritime county of England bordered by the North Sea, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire and Greater London, and separated from Kent by the Thames estuary.


Gloucestershire

French: Gloucestershire

/ˈɡlɒstəʃɪə/

/ˈɡlɔstəɹʃəɹ/

/ˈɡlɑstɚʃaɪɹ/

From Middle English Gloucestreschire; equivalent to Gloucester + -shire.

A south western county of England bordered by the Severn estuary, Herefordshire, Worcestershire, Warwickshire, Oxfordshire, Wiltshire, Somerset, Bristol and the Welsh county of Monmouthshire.


Hampshire

en-proper noun

Hampshire (countable and uncountable, plural Hampshires)

Inherited from Middle English Hampteschire, from Old English Hāmtūnsċīr. For the development of epenthetic /p/, compare Thompson.
The community in Prince Edward Island is named after the county in England. The name was inspired by nearby Wiltshire.

inh+

A maritime county in the south of England, United Kingdom bordered by Berkshire, Surrey, West Sussex, Dorset, Wiltshire, the English Channel and the Solent separating it from the Isle of Wight; the county town is Winchester.


Herefordshire

From Middle English Herefordschire, from late Old English Herefordsċīr; equivalent to Hereford + -shire.

A ceremonial county and unitary authority in the West Midlands of England, bordered by Shropshire, Worcestershire, Gloucestershire, Monmouthshire, Radnorshire and Brecknockshire.


Hertfordshire

From Middle English Hertfordschire; equivalent to Hertford + -shire.

An inland county of south-east England bordered by Cambridgeshire, Essex, Greater London, Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire.


Kent

Inherited from Middle English Kent, from Old English Cent, from Latin Cantium, from Brythonic *Cantio (compare Old Irish céite (“gathering, folkmoot, hillock”)), from Proto-Celtic *kantos (“corner, rim”).

cog

A maritime county in southeast England bordered by East Sussex, Surrey, Greater London, the North Sea and the English Channel.


Kent

English: Kent

Inherited from Old English Cent, from Latin Cantium or its Brythonic source.


Lancashire

/ˈlæŋkəˌʃɪə/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-Lancashire.wav

From Middle English Lancastreschire, from Lancastre (“Lancaster”) + schire (“shire, county”).

A maritime county in the north-west of England bordered by the Irish Sea, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, West Yorkshire, North Yorkshire and Merseyside.


Leicestershire

From Old English Lægrecastrescir. The middle and last element are ceaster (“town, city”) and scir (“district”), common in placenames. The first element is probably from the former name of the river Soar, *Ligora, *Ligera, of Celtic/Brythonic origin, from Proto-Celtic *legyā (“sediment”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”), similar to the French river Loire.

An inland county of England bordered by Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire, Rutland, Northamptonshire, Warwickshire and Derbyshire.


Lincolnshire

/ˈlɪŋkənˌʃɪə/

/ˈlɪŋkənˌʃə/

/ˈlɪŋkənʃəɹ/

[ˈliŋkʰə̆nʃɚ]

/ˈlɪŋkənˌʃɪɹ/

Inherited from Middle English Lincolneschire, Lincolnschire, from late Old English Lincolnesċīr (first recorded in the 11th century); equivalent to Lincoln + -shire.

inh+

The king experienced his first attack in autumn 1788, and as his condition worsened and the physicians-in-ordinary proved unable to cope or cure, the Reverend Dr Francis Willis (1717–1807), a clergyman doctor who ran a madhouse in Lincolnshire, was called in.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 263:

On the surface, the film is a globe-trotting gross-out caper in which Nobby, who's from a hellish version of the titular Lincolnshire town ("twinned with Chernobyl"), is reunited with his long-lost brother Sebastian (Mark Strong), who has become a spy for the British secret services.

2016 February 23, Robbie Collin, “Grimsby review: ' Sacha Baron Cohen's vital, venomous action movie'”, in The Daily Telegraph (London):

East Riding of Yorkshire
East Riding of Yorkshire

A county of eastern England bordered by South Yorkshire, East Riding of Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire, Rutland and the North Sea.


Norfolk

⇒ Translingual: norfolkensis

Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk
Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk
Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk
James Cook
Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk (disambiguation)
William Ambrosia Cowley

From Middle English Northfolk, from Old English Norþfolc (literally “northern people”), from norþ (“north, northern”) + folc (“folk, people, race, nation”). As an Ecuadorian island, clipping of Duke of Norfolk's Island, bestowed by William Ambrosia Cowley in 1684 honor of Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk; his son Henry, the 7th duke; or both. As an Australian island and territory, bestowed by James Cook in 1774 in honor of Mary Howard, wife of the 9th duke.

der

Holonym: East Anglia

A maritime county of eastern England bordered by Cambridgeshire, Lincolnshire, Suffolk, and the North Sea.

Ellipsis of Norfolk County: a county of Massachusetts, United States.


Norfolk

Norfolk (nominative singular)
Norfolku (genitive singular)
Norfolkowi (dative singular)
Norfolk (accusative singular)
Norfolkiem (instrumental singular)
Norfolku (locative singular)
Norfolku (singular vocative)


Northamptonshire

A midland county of England. County town Northampton, bordered by Leicestershire, Rutland, Lincolnshire, Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire and Warwickshire.


Northumberland

From Middle English Northumberlond, Northhumberlond, from Old English Norþhymbra land (“land of the Northumbrians”).

A ceremonial county of England, the most northerly county of England bordered by County Durham, Cumbria, Tyne and Wear, Scotland and the North Sea.


Nottinghamshire

"Good morrow to thee, jolly fellow," quoth Robin, "thou seemest happy this merry morn."
"Ay, that am I," quoth the jolly Butcher, "and why should I not be so? Am I not hale in wind and limb? Have I not the bonniest lass in all Nottinghamshire? And lastly, am I not to be married to her on Thursday next in sweet Locksley Town?"

1883, Howard Pyle, chapter V, in The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood […], New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC:

A north-midland county of England bordered by South Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Derbyshire.


Oxfordshire

From Middle English Oxenfordschire, from late Old English Oxenafordsċīr; equivalent to Oxford + -shire.

A midland county of England bordered by Buckinghamshire, Gloucestershire, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Warwickshire and Northamptonshire.


Rutland

Unclear. Attested in Old English as Roteland and Ritelanede. Perhaps hrīþer (“cattle”) + land (“land”), or from the personal name Rota + land.

unk

Unclear

A small landlocked county in the East Midlands of England.


Shropshire

/ˈʃɹɒp.ʃə(ɹ)/

From Old English Sċrobbesbyriġscīr, from Sċrobbesburh (“Shrewsbury”) + sċīr (“shire”).

An inland county of England bordered by the English counties of Cheshire, Staffordshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire and the Welsh county of Powys and county borough of Wrexham.


Somerset

From Old English Sumorsǣte, which is short for Sumortūnsǣte, meaning "the people living at or dependent upon Sumortūn (Somerton)". An alternative suggestion is that the name derives from *Seo-mere-sætan meaning "settlers by the sea lakes".

A maritime county in the west of England bordered by Gloucestershire, Bristol, Wiltshire, Dorset, Devon, the Severn estuary and the Bristol Channel.


Staffordshire

From Middle English Staffordschire, from late Old English Stæffordsċīr; equivalent to Stafford + -shire.

A ceremonial county of West Midlands, England, bordered by Shropshire, Cheshire, Derbyshire, Warwickshire, West Midlands and Worcestershire.


Suffolk

From Middle English Suffolk, from Old English Sūþfolc, a compound of sūþ (“south”) + folc (“folk”).

Holonym: East Anglia

A maritime county in the east of England, bordered by Norfolk, Essex, Cambridgeshire and the North Sea.


Suffolk

English: Suffolk

From Old English Sūþfolc; equivalent to south + folk.

Suthfolk (alternative)
suffolke (alternative)
Suthfok (alternative)
Southfolk (alternative)
Southfolc (alternative)
Suthfolke (alternative)
souþfolc (alternative)
suþfolk (alternative)


Surrey

From Old English Sūþrigē, Sūþrigēa (“southern region”), from sūþerne (“southern”) + -gē (“district, region”).

compound

An inland county of South East England, bordered by Greater London, Hampshire, Kent, West Sussex, East Sussex and Berkshire.


Sussex

en-proper noun

Sussex (countable and uncountable, plural Sussexes)

Inherited from Old English Sūþseaxan (literally “South Saxons”), which stood for both Sussex and its people.
The town in New Brunswick may have been named after Sussex, New Jersey. The civil parish is named after the town.

inh+

A civil parish of Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada.


Westmorland

From Old English folk name Westmōringas (“the people west of the moors”) + land.
The civil parish in New Brunswick is named analogously to Westmorland County.

A former county in northwestern England, since 1974 absorbed into Cumbria.

Westmorland County
Westmorland County#English

A civil parish of Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada.

A city in Imperial County, California, United States.


Wiltshire

From Middle English Wilteschire, from Old English Wiltūnsċīr (Wiltescire 1086 Domesday Book), named after the town of Wilton in the county (Old English Wiltūn).

Wiltshire actually comes from Wiltonshire, for Wilton was once a county town, royal residence and bishopric - a place of significance.

2023 June 28, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: Alton to Exeter”, in RAIL, number 986, page 59:

An inland county of England bordered by Gloucestershire, Somerset, Dorset, Oxfordshire, Hampshire and Berkshire.


Worcestershire

From Middle English Wyrcestreschire, from Old English Weogornaċeastresċīr; equivalent to Worcester + -shire.

A midland county of England bordered by Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and West Midlands.


East Sussex

A county in south east England bordered by Kent, Surrey, West Sussex and the English Channel.


West Sussex

A county in south-east England, bordered by East Sussex, Hampshire, Surrey and the English Channel.


Greater London

administrative region
administrative region

An administrative region and ceremonial county of England, combining the City of London, the City of Westminster and 31 other London boroughs.


Hereford and Worcester

(historical, from 1974 to 1998) A county in the West Midlands of England, formed from the short-lived merger of Herefordshire and Worcestershire.


Humberside

North East Lincolnshire
North East Lincolnshire

(historical, from 1974 to 1996) A former county in northeastern England created from parts of Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. Replaced in 1996 by the East Riding of Yorkshire, North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire.


Isle of Wight

From Old English Wiht, Wihte iegland, from Proto-Celtic *Wextā, compare Welsh Ynys Wyth and Latin Vectis (c.150).

Isle of Wight
Isle of Wight (disambiguation)

An island, county, and unitary authority off the south coast of England, in the English Channel opposite Southampton.

懷特島 /怀特岛

island and county off the south coast of England


Merseyside

United were second-best for long periods as they struggled to adapt to an unfamiliar line-up and were ultimately fortunate to leave Merseyside with their unbeaten league run still intact.

2011 October 15, Phil McNulty, “Liverpool 1 - 1 Man Utd”, in BBC Sport:

A metropolitan county in northwestern England bordering Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Cheshire.


North Yorkshire

A ceremonial county in northeastern England, formed in 1974 and bordering the East Riding of Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cumbria and County Durham.


South Yorkshire

(from 1974) A metropolitan county in northeastern England bordering West Yorkshire, East Riding of Yorkshire, North Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Derbyshire, and Nottinghamshire.


Tyne and Wear

Named after the two main rivers in the county.

A metropolitan county in the north-east of England, bordering County Durham and Northumberland.


West Yorkshire

(from 1974) A metropolitan county in northern England bordering Derbyshire, South Yorkshire, North Yorkshire, Lancashire and Greater Manchester.


East Riding of Yorkshire

A unitary authority and ceremonial county in the north east of England.


West Riding of Yorkshire

A local government district and ceremonial county in the north east of England.


DJ

abbreviation of Dolj: a county of Romania


Durham

From Old English Dunholm, meaning "hill islet". In order to get from Dunholm to Durham, two major processes had to take place. Firstly, the n at the coda of the first syllable, dun, underwent dissimilation. Specifically, by influence of the m in the coda of the following syllable (holm), said n denasalised and lenited to the oral r, thus dur. Secondly, after a weakening of the vowel quality in the more weakly-stressed syllable holm, this ending was misanalysed as the similar-sounding toponymic suffix, -ham, meaning home or farm.
Doublet of Duresm and Dunelm.

A county in the Northeast of England; in full, County Durham.


BT

abbreviation of Botoșani: a county of Romania


HD

abbreviation of Hunedoara: a county of Romania


Monmouthshire

/ˈmɒn.məθˌʃɪəɹ/

/ˈmɒn.məθ.ʃəɹ/

A county and local government principal area of Wales which replaced Gwent, bordered by the Forest of Dean, Herefordshire, Powys, Blaenau Gwent, Torfaen and Newport.


Glamorganshire

/ɡləˈmɔː(ɹ)ɡənʃɪə(ɹ)/

/ɡləˈmɔː(ɹ)ɡənʃə(ɹ)/

Trevithick's first use of steam traction on rail took place at Merthyr Tydfil, Glamorganshire, on a tramroad 9¾ miles long between the Penydarren ironworks of Samuel Homfray, and the staithes at Abercynon, where the worked iron was loaded into barges on the Glamorganshire Canal.

1951 March, E. W. Twining, “The First Railway Locomotive”, in Railway Magazine, page 197:

A synonym, probably archaic, of Glamorgan, a traditional county of Wales.


Denbighshire

(historical) A maritime traditional county of Wales, bounded to the north by the Irish Sea, to the east by Flintshire, Cheshire and Shropshire, to the south by Montgomeryshire and Merionethshire, and to the west by Caernarfonshire.


Alba

Alba (accusative indefinite nominative)
Albaua (accusative definite nominative)
Albale (indefinite)
Albalei (definite)
Alba (vocative)

From alba, definite feminine form of alb.


Ben

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province#English

A county of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran.


Cent

Cent (nominative singular)
Cent (accusative singular)
Cent (genitive singular)
Cente (genitive singular)
Cent (dative singular)

desctree

Middle English: Kent, Kente, Kentt
English: Kent

From Latin Cantia, from a Celtic source probably meaning 'border' or 'coastal region'.


Cork

From Irish Corcaigh (“bog, marsh, swamp”).

A county in the Republic of Ireland (County Cork).


Fier

Borrowed from Albanian Fier, from fier (“fern”). Alternatively borrowed from Italian fiera (“trade fair”) due to the arrival of Venetian merchants during the Renaissance.

A city and municipality in southwestern Albania, located east of the Adriatic Sea on the river Gjanica, just south of its confluence with the river Seman; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality.


Leer

de-proper noun

Leer n (proper noun, genitive Leers or (optionally with an article) Leer)

Leers (genitive)
Leer (genitive with-article)

Leer (a county of Unity State, South Sudan)


Limerick

en-proper noun

Limerick (countable and uncountable, plural Limericks)


Limerick

de-proper noun

Limerick n (proper noun, genitive Limericks or (optionally with an article) Limerick)

Limericks (genitive)
Limerick (genitive with-article)


Limerick

Unadapted borrowing from English Limerick, from Irish Luimneach. Doublet of limeryk.


Lú

From Old Irish Lugmad or Lugbad, named after Lugh.


Mayo

Derived from Irish Maigh Eo
* (surname): Possibly instead derived from Old French, “Maiheu” from Hebrew, “Matthew”


PH

abbreviation of Prahova: a county of Romania


Pest

From Hungarian Pest, ultimately from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”). Compare German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”).

der

A county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest.


Pest

Pest (nominative singular)
Pestet (accusative singular)
Pestnek (dative singular)
Pesttel (instrumental singular)
Pestért (causal-final singular)
Pestté (singular translative)
Pestig (singular terminative)
Pestként (essive-formal singular)
Pestben (inessive singular)
Pesten (singular superessive)
Pestnél (adessive singular)
Pestbe (illative singular)
Pestre (singular sublative)
Pesthez (allative singular)
Pestből (elative singular)
Pestről (delative singular)
Pesttől (ablative singular)
Pesté (singular)
Pestéi (singular)
Pestem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Pested (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Pestje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Pestünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Pestetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Pestjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

an administrative county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest, often meant to exclude the capital itself.


Roman

Roman (accusative indefinite nominative)
Romanul (accusative definite nominative)
Roman (indefinite)
Romanului (definite)
Romanule (vocative)


Vilnius

lt-proper noun

Vi̇̀lnius m (uncountable, relational adjective vilni̇̀škis, demonym vilniẽtis, female demonym vilniẽtė) stress pattern 1

Vi̇̀lnius (canonical masculine stress-pattern-1)
vilni̇̀škis (adjective relational)
vilniẽtis (demonym)
vilniẽtė (demonym feminine)
Vi̇̀lnius (nominative)
Vi̇̀lniaus (genitive)
Vi̇̀lniui (dative)
Vi̇̀lnių (accusative)
Vi̇̀lniumi (instrumental)
Vi̇̀lniuje (locative)
Vi̇̀lniau (vocative)

[ˈvʲɪlʲnʲʊs]

After the Vilnia River, from vilnis (“wave”).

Vilniaus apskritis

Vilnius (the capital city of Lithuania)
Vilnius (a county of Lithuania)


DB

abbreviation of Dâmbovița: a county of Romania


CJ

abbreviation of Cluj: a county of Romania


Swansea

From Middle English Sweynesse (c. 1165), Sueinesea (1190), Swanesey (1322), from Old Norse Sveins ey (literally “Sveinn’s island”).


HR

abbreviation of Harghita: a county of Romania


OT

abbreviation of Olt: a county of Romania


BR

abbreviation of Brăila: a county of Romania


MH

abbreviation of Mehedinți: a county of Romania


IF

abbreviation of Ilfov: a county of Romania


Queens

Ellipsis of Queens County: a county of New York, United States, which is coterminous with the borough of Queens.


IS

abbreviation of Iași: a county of Romania


SB

abbreviation of Sibiu: a county of Romania


Buskerud

Originally only a farm name; from Old Norse Biskupsruð, from biskup (“bishop”) and ruð (“clearing”).


Hordaland

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane#Norwegian_Bokmål

(historical) a county of Western Norway, merged with Sogn og Fjordane on 1 January 2020 under the new name of Vestland.


Hordaland

Hordalandet (definite)
Hordeland (alternative)

From Old Norse Hǫrðaland, from hǫrðar m pl + land.


Finnmark

From Norwegian Finnmark, from Finn (“Finn”) + mark (“land”).


Finnmark

From Old Norse Finnmǫrk (“Finnmark”), first part from finn, finnar (“Sami person”). Last part mǫrk (“forest, woodland, borderland”), from Proto-Germanic *markō (“border, boundary, area”), from Proto-Indo-European *morǵ- (“edge, boundary, border”).


Finnmark

Finnmarka (definite)
Finnmork (alternative rare)

From Old Norse Finnmǫrk (“land of the Sami”), from finnr, fiðr (“Sami”) + mǫrk (“woodland, forest”). First part from Proto-Germanic *fenþnōz pl (“nomadic people”) or *finnaz.
Not to be confused with Finnemarka, which is a newer name made from finne (“Finn”), a Swedish borrowing.


Møre og Romsdal

Borrowed from Norwegian Møre og Romsdal.


Nord-Trøndelag

a former county of Norway, merged with Sør-Trøndelag to form Trøndelag county on 1 January 2018.


Rogaland

is-proper noun

Rogaland n (proper noun, genitive singular Rogalands)

Rogalands (genitive singular)
Rogaland (indefinite nominative singular)
Rogaland (accusative indefinite singular)
Rogalandi (dative indefinite singular)
Rogalands (genitive indefinite singular)


Rogaland

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Rogaland, from genitive of rygir m pl (“the people living in Rogaland”), and land. The name fell out of use in the Middle Age, but was taken back as county name in 1918.


Sogn og Fjordane

Borrowed from Norwegian Sogn og Fjordane.


Sogn og Fjordane

a county of Western Norway. To be merged with Hordaland on 1 January 2020 under the new name of Vestland.


Telemark

English: telemark

From Old Norse Þelamǫrk, from the genitive plural case of þelir (name of an old Germanic tribe) + mǫrk (“borderland, march, mark, woodland”).


Telemark

English: telemark

tele (“someone from Telemark”) + mark (“land; march”); from Old Norse Þelamǫrk, from genitive plural of þelir (name of an old Germanic tribe) + mǫrk (“borderland, march, mark, woodland”).

compound

Telamork (alternative colloquial)
Telamark (alternative colloquial)


Sør-Trøndelag

a former county of Norway, merged with Nord-Trøndelag to form Trøndelag county on 1 January 2018.


Troms

A county of Norway (between 2020 to 2024 Troms and Finnmark were merged into Troms og Finnmark county).


Troms

→ Finnish: Tromssa

→ Northern Sami: Romsa

From Old Norse Trums f (“Tromsøya”), originally the name of an island, possibly from straumr (“stream, current, tide”). Doublet of Tromsø.

A county in Northern Norway (between 2020 to 2024 Troms and Finnmark were merged into Troms og Finnmark county).


Troms

→⇒ Danish: Tromsø

→ Norwegian: Tromsø

→ Northern Sami: Romsa

→ Finnish: Tromssa

Originally the name of what’s now called Tromsøya; from Old Norse Trums, possibly from Proto-Germanic *trumisō. Also theorised to come from *Strums, from an ablaut form of straumr (“current, stream”). Cognate with Icelandic Trums.

a county in Northern Norway (between 2020 to 2024 Troms and Finnmark were merged into Troms og Finnmark county).


Orange County

The county in Vermont is named after William III (1650 - 1702).

One of 58 counties in California. County seat: Santa Ana. Abbreviation OC (usually with "the.")

One of 67 counties in Florida, home to various tourist destinations. County seat: Orlando.

One of 92 counties in Indiana. County seat: Paoli.

One of 62 counties in New York. County seat: Goshen.

One of 100 counties in North Carolina. County seat: Hillsborough.

One of 254 counties in Texas. County seat: Orange.

One of 14 counties in Vermont. County seat: Chelsea.

One of 95 counties in Virginia. County seat: Orange.


Cernyw

From Middle Welsh Kernyw, from Proto-Brythonic *Körnɨw (compare Cornish Kernow, Breton Kernev). Probably ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head; horn”) and thus cognate with Welsh carn (“hoof”) and English horn.

cog

Cornwall (a peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east)


Оранжевое графство

ru-proper noun+

Ора́нжевое гра́фство • (Oránževoje gráfstvo) n inan (genitive Ора́нжевого гра́фства)

Ора́нжевое гра́фство (canonical)
Oránževoje gráfstvo (romanization)
Ора́нжевого гра́фства (genitive)
Ора́нжевое гра́фство (nominative singular)
Ора́нжевого гра́фства (genitive singular)
Ора́нжевому гра́фству (dative singular)
Ора́нжевое гра́фство (accusative singular)
Ора́нжевым гра́фством (instrumental singular)
Ора́нжевом гра́фстве (prepositional singular)

Orange County (counties in California, Florida, Indiana, New York, North Carolina, Texas, Vermont and Virginia, United States)


Clare

The anglicized spelling of Irish Clár, from Old Irish clár (“plank, board”), from Proto-Celtic *klāros, *klārom (“table”).


VS

abbreviation of Vaslui: a county of Romania


Cardiff

From Middle Welsh Caerdyf, equivalent to Welsh caer (“fort”) + Taf (“(River) Taff”) = fortified city on the River Taff. Compare Welsh Caerdydd.

A city and county, the capital and largest city of Wales.


Cardiff

Cardiff (a city and county, the capital and largest city of Wales)


Cardiff

Unadapted borrowing from English Cardiff.

ubor

Cardife (alternative)
Cardívio (alternative rare)


Caerdydd

Caerdydd
Gaerdydd (soft)
Nghaerdydd
Chaerdydd

/kaɨ̯rˈdɨːð/

From Middle Welsh Caerdyf. Equivalent to caer (“fort”) + Taf (“[River] Taff”); literally "fortified city on the River Taff".
The change from final /v/ to /ð/ is a local pronunciation, postdating the name being borrowed into English.


تهران

تِهْران (canonical)
tihrān (romanization)
tehrân (romanization)
طِهْران (alternative dated)
تِهْرون (alternative Tehrani colloquial)

[t̪ʰe̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰe̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰi.ɾɔ́ːn]

[t̪ʰeɦ.ɹɒ́ːn]

[t̪ʰeɦ.ɹɒ́ːn]

[t̪ʰeɦ.ɾɔ́n]

There are various theories pertaining to the origin of the name Tehran:
* One theory is that the word "Tehran" is derived from Tiran/Tirgan, "The Abode of Tir", a Zoroastrian deity. The ancient Parthian town of Tiran was a neighbour to the town of Mehran, "The Abode of Mihr", the Zoroastrian deity of light. Both of these were mere villages in the suburbs of the great city of ری (“Ray”).
* Another theory is that Tehran means "a warm place", opposed to Shemiran, a cooler district in northern Tehran.
* The official City of Tehran website claims that "Tehran" comes from the Persian words ته (tah, “end, bottom”) and ران (rân, “mountain slope”, literally “bottom of the mountain slope”). Given Tehran's geographic position at the bottom of the slope of the Alborz Mountains, this appears to be the most plausible explanation of the origin of the name of the city.

Tehran (a county of Iran, around the city)


Salop

From Latin Salopia Salopesberia (“Shrewsbury”) or Salopescira (“Shropshire”), the former a corruption of Old French Slopesberie (“Shrewsbury”).

An old name for Shropshire and the official name for the county between 1974 and 1980, still occasionally used in postal addresses.


高興

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kɔ²⁴ ɕiŋ⁴⁴/

/kou̯⁵⁵ hɪŋ³³/

/ko²⁴⁻¹¹ him⁵⁵/

/kau¹¹ ɕiŋ⁴⁵/

/kɔ³³ hiɪŋ⁴¹/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²¹/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ¹¹/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²¹/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ¹¹/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²¹/

/kau³³⁻²³ heŋ²¹³/

/kɔ⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kɔ²⁴ ɕiŋ⁴⁴/

/kou̯⁵⁵ hɪŋ³³/

/ko²⁴⁻¹¹ him⁵⁵/

/kau¹¹ ɕiŋ⁴⁵/

/kɔ³³ hiɪŋ⁴¹/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²¹/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ¹¹/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²¹/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ¹¹/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²¹/

/kau³³⁻²³ heŋ²¹³/

/kɔ⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/

Goheung (a county of South Jeolla Province, South Korea)


Powys

en-proper noun

Powys (countable and uncountable, plural Powyses)

Borrowed from Welsh Powys, from Latin pagēnsis (“provincial”). Cognate with Italian paese and French pays (“country”).

Llandrindod Wells
Llandrindod Wells#English

A county and preserved county of Wales. Headquarters: Llandrindod Wells.


Powys

→ English: Powys

From Middle Welsh Powys, from Old Welsh Pouos, generally derived from Latin pagēnsis (“provincial”), from pagus (“canton, province”). Cognate with Italian paese and French pays (“country”).

Powys (a county and preserved county of Wales)


TR

abbreviation of Teleorman: a county of Romania


Devonshire

Devonshire (countable and uncountable, plural Devonshires)

→ Russian: Де́воншир (Dévonšir)

From Old English Defenasċīr, equivalent to Devon + -shire.

Former name of Devon (“English county”) (until 1974).


Meru

A region and county of Kenya where the Ameru people live.


Gwynedd

格溫內斯 /格温内斯

historical kingdom and preserved county in Wales

A county of Wales, in the north-west of the country.


Gwynedd

From Middle Welsh Guynet, from Old Irish, cognate with either Féni (“Irish People”), from Proto-Indo-European *weydʰ- (“wood, wilderness”); or fían (“war band”) (from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“chase, pursue, suppress”)).

der

Gwynedd (a county of Wales, in the north-west of the country)


Waterford

From water + ford. In the case of the city in Ireland, this is a modification through folk etymology of Old Norse Veðrafjǫrðr (literally “wether ford”).
The civil parish in New Brunswick may have been named after Waterford, Ireland.

A county of Ireland; see Wikipedia:County Waterford.


Istria

From Latin Histria, from Ancient Greek Ἱστρία (Histría), named after Ἵστρων (Hístrōn) (ἔθνος (éthnos)), the ethnicon of the Illyrian/Venetic tribe of the Histri who inhabited the region.
The name could itself be related to Hister, a Roman name for the Danube, from Ancient Greek Ἰστρίη (Istríē), the Dacian-Thracian name for the river god Danubius, a name meaning "swift," and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰenh₂- (“to flow”). Also see Histria.

A county in western Croatia. County seat: Pazin.


Karlovac

A county of Croatia. County seat: Karlovac.


Laois

A county of Ireland, formerly known as Queens County.


Laois

From Middle Irish Loígis, name of a tribe living in the area in the Middle Ages (see Loígis on Wikipedia).


Dunholm

Middle English:

English: Durham

→ Old French: Duresm

Middle French: Duresm

→ English: Duresm

→ Latin: Dunelmun

→ English: Dunelm

dun (“hill, mountain”) + holm (“islet”, from Old Norse holmr, from Proto-Germanic *hulmaz)


Baile Átha Cliath

head

Baile Átha Cliath m (genitive Baile Átha Cliath)

Baile Átha Cliath (genitive)
BAC (abbreviation)
BÁC (abbreviation)
Baile Átha Cliath
Bhaile Átha Cliath
mBaile Átha Cliath
Bleá Cliath (alternative pronunciation-spelling)

/ˌbʲlʲɑː ˈclʲiə/


Elbasan

Borrowed from Albanian Elbasan, itself likely from Ottoman Turkish ايلبصان.

The fourth largest city in Albania, located in the center of the country on the river Shkumbin; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality.


Gjirokastër

Borrowed from Albanian Gjirokastër, from Greek Αργυρόκαστρον (Argyrókastron, literally “silver castle”), from άργυρος (árgyros, “silver”) and κάστρον (kástron, “castle”) (from Latin castrum (“fort”)).

der

Αργυρόκαστρον

A city in southern Albania, located in the Drino valley east of the mountain of Gjerë; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality.


新港

/ɕin⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

(～縣) Newport (a county of Rhode Island, United States)


Bryste

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


Còrn

A' Chòrn (canonical feminine)
Còirn (genitive)
Còrn
Chòrn

Cornwall (a peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east)


Kernow

Borrowed from Cornish Kernow (“Cornwall”).

bor+

Cornwall: A peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east


Kernow

From Middle Cornish Kernow, from Proto-Brythonic *Körnɨw. Cognate with Breton Kernev, Welsh Cernyw.


Mí

An Mhí (canonical feminine)
na Mí (genitive)
Mí (indefinite nominative singular)
a Mhí (indefinite singular vocative)
Mí (genitive indefinite singular)
Mí (dative indefinite singular)
an Mhí (definite nominative singular)
na Mí (definite genitive singular)
leis an Mí (dative definite singular)
don Mhí (dative definite singular)
Mí
Mhí

From Old Irish Mide, from mide (“middle”).


Tipperary

/ˌtɪpəˈɹɛəɹi/

From Irish Tiobraid Árann (“Well of Ara”).


Longford

From Irish an Longfort (literally “the camp, the stronghold”), anglicized to be identical to Etymology 1.


Galway

Anglicization of Irish Gaillimh, of uncertain meaning, said to mean "stony' (referring to the River Corrib). If so, it probably derives from Old Irish calad (“hard”); compare caillou, of Gaulish origin.

I swear I'm gonna put you in a song that I write / About a Galway Girl and a perfect night

2017, “Galway Girl”, performed by Ed Sheeran:

A county in the West of the Republic of Ireland.


Galway

In England there are Brighton Beach boats, Centre-board sloops, Pollywogs, Lough Erne yachts, Unas, New Brighton sailing-boats, yachts of the Norfolk Broads, Itchen, Clyde sailing and Keystone boats, Penzance luggers, Cobbles, Galways, Hookers and Pookhauns […]

1884, James Douglas Jerrold Kelley, American Yachts: Their Clubs and Races, page 161:


Sligo

From Irish Sligeach (literally “abounding in shells”).

In the Workmans the other night, Connell told a girl he was from Sligo and she made a funny face and said: Yeah, you look like it.

2018, Sally Rooney, “Three Months Later (November 2011)”, in Normal People:


Wexford

From Old Norse Veisafjǫrðr (literally “inlet of the mudflats”), from veisa (“pool, pond”) and fjǫrðr (“ford”).


Carlow

/ˈkɑː(ɹ)ləʊ/


Donegal

/ˌdʌnɪˈɡɔːl/

/ˌdɒnɪˈɡɔːl/

/ˌdʌniˈɡɔːl/

Anglicization of Irish Dún na nGall (literally “fort of the foreigners or strangers”).


Louth

A county (County Louth) in the Republic of Ireland.


Monaghan

en-prop

Monaghan (countable and uncountable, plural Monaghans)

Borrowed from Irish Muineachán. The surname derives from an anglicization of Irish Ó Manacháin.


Wicklow

Likely from Old Norse víkingr (“viking”), genitive indefinite plural vikinga + ló (“meadow, lea”), thus 'vikings' meadow'. Earlier spellings include Wykinglo in 1173, Wygingelow in 1185, Wykinglo in 1192, and Wykinglowe in 1355.


ロサンゼルス

[ɾo̞sã̠nd͡ze̞ɾɯ̟sɨ]

Borrowed from English Los Angeles via an older transcription. A modern transcription would be *ロスアンジェレス (Rosu Anjeresu).
Ultimately from Spanish Los Ángeles (literally “The Angels”). Doublet of ロス・アンヘレス (Rosu Anheresu).

der

ja:ロサンゼルス (曖昧さ回避)

Los Angeles County (a county of California, United States)


سرباز

head

سَرْباز • (sarbâz)

fa-proper noun

سَرْباز • (sarbâz)

سَرْباز (canonical)
sarbâz (romanization)

From سر (sar, “head”) + باز (-bâz, “to loose, to let go”).

compound

Sistan and Baluchestan
w:Sistan and Baluchestan

Sarbaz (a city and county of Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran)


Cornouailles

Inherited from Middle French Cornuaille, from Old French Cornuaille. Ending -s was only added in later French to distinguish from homophonous Cornouaille, which refers to a region in Brittany.


SV

abbreviation of Suceava: a county of Romania


بن

Ben (a county of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran)


海南

ja-pos

海(かい)南(なん) or 海(ヘ)南(ナム) • (Kainan or Henamu)

海南 (canonical)
海南 (canonical)
Kainan (romanization)
Henamu (romanization)

Haenam (a county of South Jeolla Province, South Korea)


مشهد

Mashhad (a county of Iran, around the city)


Quận Cam

[kwəŋ˨˩ʔ kaːm˧˧]

[wəŋ˨˩˨ kaːm˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Quận Cam.wav

quận (“county”) + cam (“orange”). Calque of English Orange County. Whereas most U.S. counties are known by Quận (“county”) + (English name), Orange County has been calqued because it is well known for its large Vietnamese-American population.


Quanzhou

c. late 20th c., from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, literally “spring prefecture”).

der

Cyuanjhou (alternative)
Ch'uan-chou (alternative)
Ch'üan-chou (alternative)
Chuanchou (alternative)

Between 1946 and 1948 in the ruins of the foundations of Quanzhou’s South Gate Tower and southern wall we excavated more that twenty large white gravestones, inscribed in Arabic on both sides. They obviously had been taken from a demolished Islamic mosque. The area overlooked in the Jin River and was known as South Quanzhou, or the “Foreign District.” It was here that merchants from overseas and their families had lived during Song and Yuan.

1984, Zhuang Weiji, quotee, Jews in Old China: Studies by Chinese Scholars, Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 147:

Located on the Jin River, Quanzhou was China’s principal port during the Song and Yuan dynasties.

2016, “Fujian”, in China, DK, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 297, column 1:

He said that four years ago, the island began receiving water from the Jin River, in Quanzhou, China, and now 70-80% of Kinmen's water comes from China.

2023 February 8, Kelvin Chen, “Swiss parliamentarian delegation visits Taiwan's Kinmen”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2023-03-08, Politics:

A prefecture-level city in southeastern Fujian, China.


BH

abbreviation of Bihor: a county of Romania


Hsinchu

From Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 新竹 (Hsin¹-chu²).

Hsin-chu (alternative also)
Sinchu (alternative)
Sinjhu (alternative)
Xinzhu (alternative Hanyu-Pinyin)

The removal of the Prefect from Teukcham to Banka was what was required to consolidate the city, and when that occurred in May last, progress set in with vigour. With the Prefect's departure from Teukcham occurred a change in the name and constitution of that place. It ceased to be called Teukcham, receiving in place of this the name of Hsinchu, and being converted from a t'ing into a hsien. It is now known as Hsinchu-hsien (新竹縣).

1880, Inspector General of Customs, Reports on Trade at the Treaty Ports for the Year 1879, Shanghai: Statistical Department of the Inspectorate General, →OCLC, page 181:

Offshore, CPC has completed drilling nine wells and is drilling two more. Five of the wells off the Hsinchu coast in northern Taiwan, produce 550 kiloliters of crude oil and 620,000 cubic meters of natural gas a day.

1980 March 23, “New fund to boost energy development”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXI, number 11, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:

Because the new language school of Fu Jen University in the nearby city of Hsinchu was not yet completed, we were bused with other aspiring students of Chinese language to a farming village called Kuanhsi (Guanxi: West Pass), nestled against the tea growing hills of Hsinchu county.

1999, Michael Saso, Velvet Bonds: The Chinese Family, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page ix:

Emma was bred at the Leofoo Safari Park in Hsinchu County, northwestern Taiwan. Since the park brought eight white rhinos from Africa in 1979, their numbers have grown to 23.

2020 September 23, “Taiwan offers Japan endangered rhino to help save species”, in The Japan Times:

Taiwan's army is also expected to carry out live-fire drills in Hsinchu county as well as several offshore islands.

2022 March 15, William Yang, “Taiwan's military tests new capabilities to deter China threat”, in Wesley Rahn, editor, Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2022-03-15, Asia:

شِينْجُو

a city in northern Taiwan; a county in northern Taiwan


新竹

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (新竹):
* → Japanese: 新竹(しんちく) (Shinchiku)
* → Vietnamese: Tân Trúc (新竹)

→ English: Hsinchu, Hsin-chu, Xinzhu

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nøyʔ²⁴/

/ɬiŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ tœʔ²¹/

/ɬiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ tyøʔ²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nøyʔ²⁴/

/ɬiŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ tœʔ²¹/

/ɬiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ tyøʔ²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

From 新 (xīn) + 竹塹 /竹堑 (Zhúqiàn), from the 1878 reform of the administration of Qing-held Taiwan. Hsinchu included the former subprefecture of Tek-kham as well as its surrounding hinterland.

(～縣) Hsinchu (a county in northern Taiwan)


شیراز

head

شیراز • (širâz)

fa-proper noun

شیراز • (širâz)

Shiraz (a county of Iran, around the city)


یزد

From Middle Persian 𐭩𐭦𐭣𐭲𐭩 (yzdty /yazd/, “god, divinity”), from Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬙𐬀 (yazata, “yazata, (an entity that is) worthy of worship”).

der

Yazd (a county of Iran, around the city)


BN

initialism of Bistrița-Năsăud: a county of Romania


BZ

abbreviation of Buzău: a county of Romania


VN

abbreviation of Vrancea: a county of Romania


연기

Sino-Korean word from 燕 (“swallow”) + 岐 (“path”).

ko-etym-sino

(~군(郡)) A former county of South Korea, annexed into Sejong City in 2012.


Kaunas

lt-proper noun

Kaũnas m (uncountable, demonym kauniẽtis or kauni̇̀škis, female demonym kauniẽtė or kauni̇̀škė) stress pattern 2

Kaũnas (canonical masculine stress-pattern-2)
kauniẽtis (demonym)
kauni̇̀škis (demonym)
kauniẽtė (demonym feminine)
kauni̇̀škė (demonym feminine)
Kaũnas (nominative)
Kaũno (genitive)
Kaũnui (dative)
Kaũną (accusative)
Kaunù (instrumental)
Kaunè (locative)
Kaũne (vocative)

Kaunas (a city in Lithuania)
Kaunas (a county of Lithuania)


GJ

abbreviation of Gorj: a county of Romania


کرمان

kirmān (romanization)
kermân (romanization)

Kerman (a county of Iran, around the city)


화성

[ˈɸwa̠(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]

Former name of Myonggan, a county of North Hamgyong Province, North Korea


化成

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～郡) Former name of Myonggan, a county of North Hamgyong Province, North Korea


ダブリン

[da̠bɯ̟ɾʲĩɴ]


Όσλο

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


襄陽

desc

→ English: Xiangyang, Siangyang, Siang-yang, Hsiang-yang

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/ɕiã⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/ɕiã⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

Book of Documents
Fancheng
Han River (Hubei and Shaanxi)
Mount Hua

Surprisingly unclear.
襄 (xiāng) is speculated to imply "tall and prone to floods", which is recorded in the Book of Documents. The city precincts received chronic floods up until the 1930's.
The term 陽／阳 (yáng, “sunny”) is typically used to refer to establishments on the north bank of a river or the south side of a mountain. Xiangyang is, however, situated north of Mount Hua and on the south bank of the Han River. The settlement north of the Han is Fancheng).
Several theories have been proposed, though very little geographical evidence has been found for any of them. Some include:
* The Han River may have flowed south of Xiangyang, hence the modern-day bend just east of the city
* There was a small river called the Xiang that used to flow south of the city
* There was a "Mount Xiang" in the past that was north of Xiangyang

(～郡) Yangyang (a county of Gangwon Province, South Korea)


Sinan

A county of South Jeolla Province, South Korea.


延安

→ English: Yan'an, Yanan, Yenan, Yen-an

/jɛn³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/jiːn²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/ɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ aŋ⁵³³/

/ɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² an³³/

/iɛn¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

/jɛn³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/jiːn²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/ɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ aŋ⁵³³/

/ɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² an³³/

/iɛn¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

(～郡) Yŏnan (a county of South Hwanghae Province, North Korea)


Arad

Arad (nominative singular)
Aradot (accusative singular)
Aradnak (dative singular)
Araddal (instrumental singular)
Aradért (causal-final singular)
Araddá (singular translative)
Aradig (singular terminative)
Aradként (essive-formal singular)
Aradban (inessive singular)
Aradon (singular superessive)
Aradnál (adessive singular)
Aradba (illative singular)
Aradra (singular sublative)
Aradhoz (allative singular)
Aradból (elative singular)
Aradról (delative singular)
Aradtól (ablative singular)
Aradé (singular)
Aradéi (singular)
Aradom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Aradod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Aradja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Aradunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Aradotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Aradjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Arad

Arad (accusative indefinite nominative)
Aradul (accusative definite nominative)
Arad (indefinite)
Aradului (definite)
Aradule (vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian Arad, its first ispán.


Zgierz

Lodz Voivodeship
Lodz Voivodeship#English

A city and county of Lodz Voivodeship, Poland.


Kalisz

Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship#English

A city and county of Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland.


Koszalin

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Koszalin.

ubor

West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

A city and county of West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.


Cornovaglia

Cornwall (a peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east)


Μπρίστολ

head

Μπρίστολ • (Brístol)

Bristol (a city, ceremonial county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


Schonen

de-proper noun

Schonen n (proper noun, strong, genitive Schonens)

From Old Frankish *Sconaowe, from Proto-Germanic *Skadinawjō.

Skåne, Scania (a county in southern Sweden)


Mæri

is-proper noun

Mæri n (proper noun, genitive singular Mæris)

Mæris (genitive singular)
Mæri (indefinite nominative singular)
Mæri (accusative indefinite singular)
Mæri (dative indefinite singular)
Mæris (genitive indefinite singular)

From Old Norse Mǿri, originally feminine, the same word as mǿrr (“marshland”), from Proto-Germanic *mōrī.

Mæri og Raumsdalur


Þelamörk

Þelamörk f (proper noun, genitive singular Þelamarkar or Þelamerkur)

Þelamarkar (genitive singular)
Þelamerkur (genitive singular)
Þelamörk (indefinite nominative singular)
Þelamörk (accusative indefinite singular)
Þelamörk (dative indefinite singular)
Þelamörku (dative indefinite rare singular)
Þelamarkar (genitive indefinite singular)
Þelamerkur (genitive indefinite singular)


Isfahan

Ultimately derived from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān), from Old Persian *spādānah (“army, adj.”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (spādaʰ, “army”), from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdah (“army”), q.v.

der+

Esfahan (alternative)
Ispahan (alternative)


خوی

Khoy County (a county of West Azerbaijan Province, Iran)


Corn na Breataine

head

Corn na Breataine m (genitive Chorn na Breataine)

Chorn na Breataine (genitive)
Corn na Breataine
Chorn na Breataine
gCorn na Breataine

[kɔrˠnˠ nˠə ˈbʲrʲatˠənʲə]


Fingal

From Irish Fine Gall (literally “race of the Norsemen”).

der

A county of Ireland north of Dublin, formed in 1994 from parts of County Dublin.


金門

desc

→ English: Kinmen, Quemoy, Chinmen, Chin-men, Jinmen

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² muĩ¹³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² muĩ¹³/


Cornualha

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Cornoalha, probably from Old French Cornuaille, from Medieval Latin Cornugallēnsis, of Celtic/Brythonic origin. More at Cornouaille. Compare Galician Cornoalla.


Örebro

By surface analysis, ör + bro. First part cognate with either Icelandic eyrr or aurr.

a town, county, and municipality of Sweden, a city in south-central Sweden, located in the province of Närke. The sixth-largest city in Sweden.


Jönköping

/ˈjɜːnt͡ʃɜːpɪŋ/


Urmia

Probably from Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܐܘܪ (w-r, “city”), a common Assyrian name for cities around Mesopotamia, and ܡܝܐ (miyā, “water”), referring to the great lake nearby.


Κάρντιφ

Cardiff (a city and county, the capital and largest city of Wales)


Kornwalia

Kornwalia (nominative singular)
Kornwalii (genitive singular)
Kornwalii (dative singular)
Kornwalię (accusative singular)
Kornwalią (instrumental singular)
Kornwalii (locative singular)
Kornwalio (singular vocative)


Skåne

A county in southern Sweden, alternatively called Scania County in English.


Skåne

From Old Norse Skáney, from Proto-Germanic *Skadinawjō.


Skåne

Skåne (nominative singular)
Skåne (accusative nominative singular)
Skånen (accusative genitive singular)
Skånen (genitive singular)
Skånea (partitive singular)
Skånessa (inessive singular)
Skånesta (elative singular)
Skåneen (illative singular)
Skånella (adessive singular)
Skånelta (ablative singular)
Skånelle (allative singular)
Skånena (essive singular)
Skåneksi (singular translative)
Skånetta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Skåneni (nominative singular)
Skåneni (accusative nominative singular)
Skåneni (accusative genitive singular)
Skåneni (genitive singular)
Skåneani (partitive singular)
Skånessani (inessive singular)
Skånestani (elative singular)
Skåneeni (illative singular)
Skånellani (adessive singular)
Skåneltani (ablative singular)
Skånelleni (allative singular)
Skånenani (essive singular)
Skånekseni (singular translative)
Skånettani (abessive singular)
Skånesi (nominative singular)
Skånesi (accusative nominative singular)
Skånesi (accusative genitive singular)
Skånesi (genitive singular)
Skåneasi (partitive singular)
Skånessasi (inessive singular)
Skånestasi (elative singular)
Skåneesi (illative singular)
Skånellasi (adessive singular)
Skåneltasi (ablative singular)
Skånellesi (allative singular)
Skånenasi (essive singular)
Skåneksesi (singular translative)
Skånettasi (abessive singular)
Skånemme (nominative singular)
Skånemme (accusative nominative singular)
Skånemme (accusative genitive singular)
Skånemme (genitive singular)
Skåneamme (partitive singular)
Skånessamme (inessive singular)
Skånestamme (elative singular)
Skåneemme (illative singular)
Skånellamme (adessive singular)
Skåneltamme (ablative singular)
Skånellemme (allative singular)
Skånenamme (essive singular)
Skåneksemme (singular translative)
Skånettamme (abessive singular)
Skånenne (nominative singular)
Skånenne (accusative nominative singular)
Skånenne (accusative genitive singular)
Skånenne (genitive singular)
Skåneanne (partitive singular)
Skånessanne (inessive singular)
Skånestanne (elative singular)
Skåneenne (illative singular)
Skånellanne (adessive singular)
Skåneltanne (ablative singular)
Skånellenne (allative singular)
Skånenanne (essive singular)
Skåneksenne (singular translative)
Skånettanne (abessive singular)
Skånensa (nominative singular)
Skånensa (accusative nominative singular)
Skånensa (accusative genitive singular)
Skånensa (genitive singular)
Skåneaan (partitive singular)
Skåneansa (partitive singular)
Skånessaan (inessive singular)
Skånessansa (inessive singular)
Skånestaan (elative singular)
Skånestansa (elative singular)
Skåneensa (illative singular)
Skånellaan (adessive singular)
Skånellansa (adessive singular)
Skåneltaan (ablative singular)
Skåneltansa (ablative singular)
Skånelleen (allative singular)
Skånellensa (allative singular)
Skånenaan (essive singular)
Skånenansa (essive singular)
Skånekseen (singular translative)
Skåneksensa (singular translative)
Skånettaan (abessive singular)
Skånettansa (abessive singular)


Skåne

Borrowed from Swedish Skåne and Danish Skåne.


Skåne

[ˈskʰoə̯ˌnɛ]


Luimneach

Luimnigh (genitive)
Luimneach (indefinite nominative singular)
a Luimnigh (indefinite singular vocative)
Luimnigh (genitive indefinite singular)
Luimneach (dative indefinite singular)
an Luimneach (definite nominative singular)
an Luimnigh (definite genitive singular)
leis an Luimneach (dative definite singular)
don Luimneach (dative definite singular)

/ˈl̪ˠɪmʲənʲəx/

From lom na n-each (“grassless (field) of the horses”).


Karaj

Borrowed from Persian کرج (karaj). See there for more.


Qom

Borrowed from Iranian Persian قم (qom), from Classical Persian قم (qum).

Ghom (alternative)
Qum (alternative)
Q'um (alternative)


Chiayi

From Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 嘉義／嘉义 (Jiāyì) Wade-Giles romanization: Chia¹-yi⁴.

zh-l

嘉義／嘉义 (Jiāyì)

Chiai (alternative)
Chia-i (alternative)
Chia-yi (alternative)
Jiayi (alternative)

Under the social security program, the government will expand insurance coverage to include dependents of public functionaries, and establish more clinics in Tainan, Chiayi, and Hsinchu countries^([sic – meaning counties]).

1980 January 13, “Continued stress on people's welfare”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXI, number 2, Taipei, page 1:

In my next move, I sent one of my aides to Chiayi County to sign a contract to lease a landfill.

2014, Jerome A. Cohen, Lu Hsiu-lien, Ashley Esarey, My Fight for a New Taiwan, University of Washington Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 240:

In the battle of Tap'ulin (present-day Talin) in Chiayi County, the Taiwan Volunteers beat the Japanese and won back some territory, "an event unprecedented since the start of the Sino-Japanese War," which lifted the morale of the people.

2015, Wan-yao Chou (周婉窈), translated by Carole Plackitt and Tim Casey, A New Illustrated History of Taiwan, Taipei: SMC Publishing, →ISBN, page 160:

The most eye-popping example of the exotic funeral occurred in Taiwan last year, when 50 women in lingerie pole-danced on moving black cars at the funeral of politician Tung Hsiang.
The Chiayi County Council speaker “enjoyed a buzz” so the funeral was designed to give him “a happy departure,” his son said, according to reports.

2018 September 3, Anna Fifield, “First day of kindergarten? Chinese school welcomes kids with a pole dancer”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-09-04, WorldViews:

While the Executive Yuan is considering setting up science parks in Pingtung and Chiayi counties, there is some criticism about whether science parks are needed in every city and county.

2021 January 16, Lin Chia-nan, “Planned science parks in Chiayi, Pingtung panned”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2021-01-15:


GL

abbreviation of Galați: a county of Romania


تبریز

[t̪ʰäb.ɾéːz]

[t̪ʰäb.ɾéːz]

[t̪ʰäb.ɾéːz]

[t̪ʰäb.ɾéːz]

[t̪ʰæb.ɹíːz]

Mount Sahand
Sarpol-e Zahab County
de:Gilzanu
fa:تبریز

Unknown.
After the earliest resemblance it has been implied of Urartian origin by being equated with Neo-Assyrian mentions of cities [script needed] (Tarwi, Tarui) and [script needed] (Tarmakisa, Tarwakisa) in the Sangibutu = Gilzanu = Baru = Bāri district occupied by Urartu, which equation however has been reckoned far-fetched, seemingly because this region is to the west of Lake Urmia, “though it must be stressed that the concept of a linear boundary wholly fails to express the complex patterns of relationships which existed between neighbouring regions and interspersed peoples,” leading to the suggestion of Iranian origin since the area of Tabriz was territory of the Medes known by another homonymous Sangibuti, possibly equivalent to تو (taw, “pool, puddle”) + ریز (rēz, “flow”) as in إِبْرِيق (ʔibrīq) referring to the springs of mineral water that rise on the slopes of Mount Sahand; however a place-forming suffix ـویج (-vīj) is known, attached to تر (tar, “fresh, moist”) in the Sarpol-e Zahab County village name ترویج (tarvij, literally “watery place”).

Tabriz (a county of Iran, around the city)


BV

abbreviation of Brașov: a county of Romania


Skánn

is-proper noun

Skánn m (proper noun, genitive singular Skáns)

Skáns (genitive singular)
Skánn (indefinite nominative singular)
Skán (accusative indefinite singular)
Skáni (dative indefinite singular)
Skáns (genitive indefinite singular)


اصفهان

head

اصفهان • (isfahān /esfahân or isfihān /esfehân)

isfahān (romanization)
esfahân (romanization)
isfihān (romanization)
esfehân (romanization)
اصفهانم (first-person singular)
اصفهانیم (first-person plural)
اصفهانی (second-person singular)
اسپهان (alternative)
سپاهان (alternative)

[ʔɪs.fä.ɦɑ́ːn]

[ʔɪs.fä.ɦɑ́ːn]

[ʔɪs.fɑːɑ́ːn]

From earlier form, سپاهان (sipahān /sepahân) from Middle Persian [script needed] (spʾhʾn /Spāhān/) ultimately from Old Persian *spādānah (“connected with the army”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (s-p-a-d /spādaʰ/, “army”), from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdah (“army”); see there for further information.

اصفهانی

isfahānī / esfahâni or isfihānī / esfehâni

Isfahan (a county of Iran, around the city)


SJ

abbreviation of Sălaj: a county of Romania


Olt

Olt (nominative singular)
Oltot (accusative singular)
Oltnak (dative singular)
Olttal (instrumental singular)
Oltért (causal-final singular)
Olttá (singular translative)
Oltig (singular terminative)
Oltként (essive-formal singular)
Oltban (inessive singular)
Olton (singular superessive)
Oltnál (adessive singular)
Oltba (illative singular)
Oltra (singular sublative)
Olthoz (allative singular)
Oltból (elative singular)
Oltról (delative singular)
Olttól (ablative singular)
Olté (singular)
Oltéi (singular)
Oltom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Oltod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Oltja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Oltunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Oltotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Oltjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Olt

Oltului (dative genitive)
Olt (accusative indefinite nominative)
Oltul (accusative definite nominative)
Olt (indefinite)
Oltului (definite)
Oltule (vocative)

Uncertain. The name has been used since the ancient times, but the phonetic change a > o appears to indicate that the word reached Romanian through a Slavic intermediary (similar to the change from acetum to oțet). Direct inheritance from Latin would have yielded *Arută.
Ancient recorded variants include: Ancient Greek Aλoύτα (Aloúta) (Strabo), Ancient Greek Aλoύταζ (Aloútaz) (Ptolemaios), Latin Alutus (Tabula Peutingeriana).


Iași

Alternative form of Iasi, a city and county of Romania.


Iași

Uncertain. Probably from Kipchak yaasi (“archers”), from yaa (“bow”), from Proto-Turkic *yā(y) (“bow”).
Early in the 20th century, a link to the ancient Iazyges has been proposed, the Roman name of an ancient Sarmatian tribe that once lived in the area, or from a tribe of Alans known as the Jassi.


Бристоль

ru-proper noun+

бри́сто́льский

Бристо́ль or Бри́столь^* • (Bristólʹ or Brístolʹ^*) m inan (genitive Бристо́ля or Бри́столя^*, relational adjective бри́сто́льский) (* less common)

Бристо́ль (canonical)
Бри́столь^* (canonical)
Бристо́ля (genitive)
Бри́столя^* (genitive)
бри́сто́льский (adjective relational)
Бристо́ль (nominative singular)
Бри́столь (nominative singular)
Бристо́ля (genitive singular)
Бри́столя (genitive singular)
Бристо́лю (dative singular)
Бри́столю (dative singular)
Бристо́ль (accusative singular)
Бри́столь (accusative singular)
Бристо́лем (instrumental singular)
Бри́столем (instrumental singular)
Бристо́ле (prepositional singular)
Бри́столе (prepositional singular)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


رشت

head

رشت • (Rašt)

fa-proper noun

رشت • (Rašt)

English: Rasht

Rasht (a county of Iran, around the city)


Londonderry

From London + Derry, its name until the early 17th century when by decree of a charter granted by James I to a group of London merchants the current name was imposed.

County Londonderry
Londonderry (disambiguation)

One of the six traditional counties of Northern Ireland, known as County Londonderry or County Derry.


Mee

From Old Irish Mide (“Meath”), most likely from mide (“middle, centre”).


Gwlad yr Haf

Gwlad yr Haf
Wlad yr Haf (soft)
Ngwlad yr Haf

Somerset literally: "land of the summer"


Port Láirge

Phort Láirge (genitive)
Port Láirge
Phort Láirge
bPort Láirge


Cornualles

Cornwall (a peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east)


Cornualles

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines


Värmland

A county in west-central Sweden, which borders onto Norway.


林肯

/lin³⁵ kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐm²¹ hɐŋ³⁵/

/lin³⁵ kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐm²¹ hɐŋ³⁵/

Lincoln (a city, the state capital of Nebraska, United States)


Norðymbraland

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Norðymbraland

Norðymbraland (indefinite nominative)
Norðymbraland (accusative indefinite)
Norðymbralandi (dative indefinite)
Norðymbralands (genitive indefinite)

Northumberland (the most northerly county of England bordered by County Durham, Cumbria, Tyne and Wear, Scotland and the North Sea)


Hörðaland

is-proper noun

Hörðaland n (proper noun, genitive singular Hörðalands)

Hörðalands (genitive singular)
Hörðaland (indefinite nominative singular)
Hörðalandið (definite nominative singular)
Hörðaland (accusative indefinite singular)
Hörðalandið (accusative definite singular)
Hörðalandi (dative indefinite singular)
Hörðalandinu (dative definite singular)
Hörðalands (genitive indefinite singular)
Hörðalandsins (definite genitive singular)

From Old Norse Hǫrðaland from Old Norse hǫrðar m pl and Old Norse land. Cognate with Faroese Hørðaland and Norwegian Nynorsk Hordaland, more distantly Old English Hæreþaland.


Jämtland

A province and county in central Sweden.


Jämtland

Old Norse Jamtaland, from the name of the inhabitants, the Jämtar, from jamti, from Proto-Germanic *emat- (“industrious, strong”), which could ultimately be related to German emsig (“industrious”).


Södermanland

From Swedish Södermanland, from Old Swedish Suþermannaland.


Västerbotten

Borrowed from Swedish Västerbotten, from väster (“western”) + botten (“bottom, basin”).

A historical province and county in northern Sweden.


Västerbotten

Västerbotten (nominative singular)
Västerbottena (accusative singular)
Västerbottena (genitive singular)
Västerbottenii (illative singular)
Västerbottenis (locative singular)
Västerbotteniin (comitative singular)
Västerbottenin (essive)
Västerbottenan (first-person possessive singular)
Västerbotteneamẹ (dual first-person possessive)
Västerbotteneamẹt (first-person plural possessive)
Västerbottenat (possessive second-person singular)
Västerbotteneattẹ (dual possessive second-person)
Västerbotteneattẹt (plural possessive second-person)
Västerbottenis (possessive singular third-person)
Västerbotteneaskkạ (dual possessive third-person)
Västerbotteneasẹt (plural possessive third-person)


Västerbotten

From väster (“western”) + botten (“basin, bottom of a body of water”).


Östergötland

A county in Östergötland province, Sweden.


Mashhad

Borrowed from Persian مشهد (mašhad), from Arabic مشهد (mašhad).


前川

a county of Chagang Province, North Korea


Vas

Vas (nominative singular)
Vasat (accusative singular)
Vasnak (dative singular)
Vassal (instrumental singular)
Vasért (causal-final singular)
Vassá (singular translative)
Vasig (singular terminative)
Vasként (essive-formal singular)
Vasban (inessive singular)
Vason (singular superessive)
Vasnál (adessive singular)
Vasba (illative singular)
Vasra (singular sublative)
Vashoz (allative singular)
Vasból (elative singular)
Vasról (delative singular)
Vastól (ablative singular)
Vasé (singular)
Vaséi (singular)
Vasam (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Vasad (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Vasa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Vasunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Vasatok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Vasuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

An administrative county (comitatus or megye) in present Hungary, and also in the former Kingdom of Hungary.


ساری

head

ساری • (sārī /sâri)

fa-proper noun

ساری • (sārī /sâri)

Sari (a county of Iran, around the city)


Somersetshire

In that part of the western division of this kingdom which is commonly called Somersetshire, there lately lived, and perhaps lives still, a gentleman whose name was Allworthy […]

1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:

What have Hampshire and the contiguous areas got that Gloucestershire, Somersetshire and Wiltshire have not?

1962 April, “Death from Natural Causes?”, in Modern Railways, page 218:

(archaic) The English county of Somerset.


Greater Manchester

John Stalker, Deputy Chief Constable of Greater Manchester, England, was asked to go to Northern Ireland to investigate killings by security forces of six unarmed men in three separate incidents in a five-week period in 1982.

1991, Human Rights Watch, Human rights in Northern Ireland, page 71:

For example, of the thousand or so textile factories that survive in Greater Manchester, among the most tangible reminders of the country's leading role in the Industrial Revolution, only 100 (10 percent) are listed.

2001, Ismail Serageldin et al., Historic cities and sacred sites: cultural roots for urban futures, page 251:

In the post-family phase, growth rates are less than the national average, with a degree of localised growth in the industrial towns of Greater Manchester, West Lancashire and districts of North Cheshire though not in Merseyside.

2004, K.K.Sharma, Tourism and Regional Development, page 166:

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

A metropolitan county in northwest England comprising the cities of Manchester and Salford, and the metropolitan boroughs of Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford and Wigan. Greater Manchester borders Merseyside, Cheshire, Lancashire, West Yorkshire and Derbyshire


コーンウォール

ja-pos

コーンウォール • (Kōnwōru)

ja:コーンウォール (曖昧さ回避)


Cornuaille

French: Cornouaille, Cornouailles

Cornwall (a peninsula, county, and cultural region in southwestern England)


Cornuaille

desctree

Middle French: Cornuaille
French: Cornouaille, Cornouailles

Norman: Cornouaille

→ Middle English: Cornwayle, Cornewaile, Cornewayle, Cornewell, Cornwail, Cornwaile, Cornwaille, Cornwale, Cornwayl, Cornweyle (in part)
English: Cornwall

→ Italian: Cornovaglia

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Cornoalha
Galician: Cornoalla
Portuguese: Cornualha

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin Cornugallēnsis, of Celtic/Brythonic origin. More at Cornouaille.


衡州

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(Hong Kong, uncommon) (～郡) Hampshire (a county of England)


Gaillimh

Gaillimhe (genitive)
Gaillimh (indefinite nominative singular)
a Ghaillimh (indefinite singular vocative)
Gaillimhe (genitive indefinite singular)
Gaillimh (dative indefinite singular)
an Ghaillimh (definite nominative singular)
na Gaillimhe (definite genitive singular)
leis an nGaillimh (dative definite singular)
don Ghaillimh (dative definite singular)
Gaillimh
Ghaillimh
nGaillimh

Of uncertain meaning. The City of Galway is named from the old name for the River Corrib that runs from Lake Corrib to Galway Bay, Abhainn na Gaillimhe in Irish. It is said that gaillimh may mean “rocky” or “stony” in English.


アーカンソー

ja-pos

アーカンソー • (Ākansō)

[a̠ːkã̠ɰ̃so̞ː]

Borrowed from English Arkansas, from French pronunciation of Siouan, meaning “land of downriver people” in Quapaw/Kansa and “people of the south wind” in Dakota/Lakota.

(~州) Arkansas (a state of the United States)


フォーク

ja-noun

フォーク • (fōku)

Daijisen
ja:フォーク
ja:フォーク (ソフトウェア開発)
ja:フォーク (ファイルシステム)
ja:フォーク (食器)
ja:松村明

フォークボール フォークボール#Japanese


フォーク

ja-pos

フォーク • (Fōku)

ja:フォーク
ja:フォーク郡 (サウスダコタ州)


フォーク

フォーク • (Fōku)


Bristolium

la-proper noun

Bristolium n (genitive Bristoliī or Bristolī); second declension

Bristoliī (genitive)
Bristolī (genitive)
Bristolium (nominative singular)
Bristoliī (genitive singular)
Bristolī (genitive singular)
Bristoliō (dative singular)
Bristolium (accusative singular)
Bristoliō (ablative singular)
Bristolium (singular vocative)
Bristoliī (locative singular)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest modern England)


Corcaigh

Corcaí (genitive)
Corcaigh
Chorcaigh
gCorcaigh

Old dative case of corcach (“bog, marsh, swamp”).


Bushehr

Booshehr (alternative)
Bushire (alternative)


Caint

From Brythonic *Cantio, from Proto-Celtic *kantos (“corner, rim”). Doublet of camp (“feat, sport”) and siampên (“champagne”).


ヨークシャー

ja-pos

ヨークシャー • (Yōkushā)

[jo̞ːkɯ̟̊ɕa̠ː]


Loch Garman

/ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈɡaɾˠəmˠən̪ˠ/

/ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈɡaɾˠəmˠənˠ/

Literally, “Garman’s lake” after Garman mac Bomma Licce.


Liatroim

[ˈl̠ʲiət̪ˠɾˠəmʲ]


Maigh Eo

→ English: Mayo

The county is named after the village with the same name which lies within it. The name, meaning "field of yew trees", breaks down as maigh (“field”) + eo (“yew tree”).

Irish name of a county in Ireland, named Mayo in English


Ros Comáin

[ɾˠɔsˠ ˈkʊmˠɑːnʲ]

From ros (“wood”) + Comáin, genitive of Comán (“Saint Coman”).

Roscommon (a county and town in Ireland)


Sligeach

Shligigh (genitive)
Sligeach (indefinite nominative singular)
a Shligigh (indefinite singular vocative)
Sligigh (genitive indefinite singular)
Sligeach (dative indefinite singular)
an Sligeach (definite nominative singular)
an tSligigh (definite genitive singular)
leis an Sligeach (dative definite singular)
don Sligeach (dative definite singular)
Sligeach
Shligeach
tSligeach

From sligeach (“shells; place abounding in shells”), from slige (“shell”).


Antrim

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

A county in northeastern Northern Ireland.


Chaves

From Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish Chaves, a city and castle in Portugal. Doublet of Chavez.

Ellipsis of Chaves County: a county of New Mexico, United States.


Brașov

A county in Transylvania, in central Romania.


Brașov

Brașov (accusative indefinite nominative)
Brașovul (accusative definite nominative)
Brașov (indefinite)
Brașovului (definite)
Brașovule (vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic *Брашовъ (*Brašovŭ), from Брашо (Brašo) + -овъ (-ovŭ), diminutive from Братиславъ (Bratislavŭ). Compare the Hungarian name for the city, Hungarian Brassó, from the same source.
An alternative has been proposed from a Turkic barasu, meaning "white water" with a Slavic suffix -ov.
The city was known as Kronstadt ("Crown City") in the local Transylvanian Saxon (German) language, and Corona (“crown”) in Medieval Latin.

bor+

Brașov (a county in Transylvania, in central Romania)


Constanța

Constanța (accusative indefinite nominative)
Constanțaua (accusative definite nominative)
Constanțale (indefinite)
Constanțalei (definite)
Constanța (vocative)

Originally known as Tomis in antiquity, the city was later renamed Constantiana after Flavia Julia Constantia, sister of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great; it was first attested as Constantia, or Κωνστάντια (Kōnstántia) around the mid 10th century.


Mureș

A county of Transylvania, Romania, with the administrative centre in Târgu Mureș.


Mureș

Uncertain. Either from a substratum language or from a Slavic language or from Hungarian Maros. The o > u sound change is common in Romanian before liquids in borrowings; compare олѣи (olěi) to ulei.
The river was known as Marisus in Latin during antiquity, and mentioned by Herodotus around 484 B.C. as Maris, possibly of Dacian origin, and in the 10th century as "Morisis". It is known as Maros in Hungarian and Mieresch in German.


იორკშირი

ka-proper noun

იორკშირი • (iorḳširi)


Йоркшир

ru-proper noun+

йо́ркширский

йоркши́рский

Йо́ркшир or Йоркши́р • (Jórkšir or Jorkšír) m inan (genitive Йо́ркшира or Йоркши́ра, relational adjective йо́ркширский or йоркши́рский)

Йо́ркшир (canonical)
Йоркши́р (canonical)
Jórkšir (romanization)
Jorkšír (romanization)
Йо́ркшира (genitive)
Йоркши́ра (genitive)
йо́ркширский (adjective relational)
йоркши́рский (adjective relational)
Йо́ркшир (nominative singular)
Йоркши́р (nominative singular)
Йо́ркшира (genitive singular)
Йоркши́ра (genitive singular)
Йо́ркширу (dative singular)
Йоркши́ру (dative singular)
Йо́ркшир (accusative singular)
Йоркши́р (accusative singular)
Йо́ркширом (instrumental singular)
Йоркши́ром (instrumental singular)
Йо́ркшире (prepositional singular)
Йоркши́ре (prepositional singular)

Ru-Йо́ркшир.ogg


Cill Chainnigh

head

Cill Chainnigh f (genitive Chill Chainnigh)

Chill Chainnigh (genitive)
Cill Chainnigh
Chill Chainnigh
gCill Chainnigh

/ˌciːlʲ ˈxɑnʲɪɟ/

/ˌciːl̠ʲ ˈxan̠ʲə/

/ˌcɪl̠ʲ ˈxan̠ʲiː/


قزوین

qazwīn (romanization)
ġazvin (romanization)

Qazvin (a county of Iran, around the city).


قم

qum (romanization)
ġom (romanization)
کنب (alternative obsolete)
کمب (alternative obsolete)
کم (alternative obsolete)
قنب (alternative obsolete)

→ Chagatai: قم

Uzbek: Qum

Dehkhoda Dictionary
Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute
Tarikh-i Qum
University of Tehran Press
fa:قم

Immediately from Arabic, since the city was founded by Arabs in 685 and because ق (q) does not occur in native Persian words. The 988 book History of Qum offers several etymologies:
* An Arabic corruption of Classical Persian کُومَه (kūma, “shed; hut”), since the site of the city was previously used by shepherds for shelter. This may be the most plausible.
* An Arabic corruption of the nearby Persian village of کُوب (kūb).
* From Arabic قُمْ (qum, “stand up!”, singular imperative of قَامَ (qāma, “to stand up”)), with various religious etymologies (e.g. because the Prophet Muhammad was ordered to "stand up" on the site of the city during his heavenly journey); these are obvious cases of folk etymology.
Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda claims that the alternative spellings کُنْب (kunb), کُمْب (kumb), and کُم (kum), which are attested in Classical Persian, are the original forms, and that قُم (qum) is an Arabicised derivative of them.

cog

singular imperative of <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar">قَامَ</i> (qāma, “to stand up”)


Broomfield

en-proper noun

Broomfield (countable and uncountable, plural Broomfields)

From Old English brōm (“broom, gorse”) + feld (“field”).

A consolidated city and county in Colorado, United States.


گرگان

head

گرگان • (gorgân)

fa-proper noun

گرگان • (gorgân)

From Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 (Gurgān), from Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 (Varkāna), from Proto-Iranian *wr̥kāna- (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬁𐬥𐬀 (Vəhrkāna)).
Equivalent to گرگ (gorg, “wolf”) + suffix.
Borrowed into Ancient Greek as Ὑρκᾱνίᾱ (Hurkāníā).

Gorgan (a county of Iran, around the city)


Kerman

Kermān (alternative)
Kirman (alternative)
Kirmān (alternative)
Karman (alternative)


بیرجند

bīrjand (romanization)
birjand (romanization)

[biːɹ.d͡ʒæn̪d̪̥]

Birjand (a county of Iran, around the city)


Queens County

→ French: Comté de Queens (calque)

The county of New Brunswick is so named as a show of loyalty to the British monarchy.
The county of Nova Scotia is so named as a show of loyalty to the British monarchy.
The county of Prince Edward Island is named after Queen Charlotte (1744 - 1818).

A county of New York, coterminous with the New York City borough of Queens.

Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island#English

A county of Prince Edward Island, Canada.


Cornouaille

(Jersey) Cornwall (a peninsula, cultural area, maritime ceremonial county, and duchy in England; forming its south-western extremity, bordered by Devon in the east)


میامی

meyâmi (romanization)
mayâmi (romanization)
mayâmey (romanization)

Meyami (a city and county of Semnan Province, Iran)


Minnehaha County

Borrowed from Dakota mníȟaȟa (“waterfall" or "rapids”) (mní (“water”) + ȟaȟa (“curling”)) + English county.

bor

One of 66 counties in South Dakota, United States. County seat: Sioux Falls.

Minnehaha Falls in Minneapolis was independently named from the same Dakota word

Minnehaha Park in Minneapolis was named after the Minnehaha Falls within it

Minnehaha Trail is named after the Minnehaha Park

Minneapolis was named by blending the same Dakota word and Ancient Greek πόλις

the fictional woman in a Longfellow poem

Minnehaha was named after the Minneapolis waterfall


Moody County

One of 66 counties in South Dakota, United States. County seat: Flandreau.

Gideon C. Moody
Moody County, South Dakota


Brookings County

One of 66 counties in South Dakota, United States. County seat: Brookings.


Skáni

Skáni (indefinite nominative)
Skána (accusative indefinite)
Skána (dative indefinite)
Skána (genitive indefinite)

From Old Norse Skáney, from Proto-Germanic *Skadinawjō.

Skåne, Scania (a county in southern Sweden)


زنجان

zanjān (romanization)
zanjân (romanization)

Zanjan (a county of Iran, around the city)


Ceredigion

/kɛɹəˈdɪɡiən/

/kɛɹəˈdɪɡiɒn/

A county of Wales, formerly known as Cardiganshire; the county town is Aberaeron.


Ceredigion

From Ceredig ap Cunedda, 5th-century king.