Mexico

→ Assamese: মেক্সিকো (meksikü)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܟܣܝܩܘ (mksiqw)

→ Burmese: မက္ကဆီကို (makka.hcikui)

→ Chinese: 墨西哥 (Mòxīgē)

→ Dhivehi: މެކްސިކޯ (mek̊sikō)

→ Finnish: Meksiko

→ Hebrew: מֶקְסִיקוֹ (méksiko)

→ Hindi: मेक्सिको (meksiko)

→ Irish: Meicsiceo

→ Japanese: メキシコ (Mekishiko)

→ Korean: 멕시코 (Meksiko)

→ Thai: เม็กซิโก (mék-sí-goo)

→ Yoruba: Mẹ́síkò

Borrowed from Spanish México, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco, a place-name referring to the Mēxihcah (Mexica/Aztecs).

Aguascalientes · Baja California · Baja California Sur · Campeche · Chiapas · Chihuahua · Coahuila · Colima · Durango · Guanajuato · Guerrero · Hidalgo · Jalisco · Mexico · Michoacán · Morelos · Nayarit · Nuevo León · Oaxaca · Puebla · Querétaro · Quintana Roo · San Luis Potosí · Sinaloa · Sonora · Tabasco · Tamaulipas · Tlaxcala · Veracruz · Yucatán · Zacatecas

While I've gazed at the sky from my sleeping bag on isolated mountaintops in Montana and southern beaches of Mexico and seen a jazillion stars basking in the peace of the evening, only in Rishikesh do the jazillion merge upon another bajillion jazillion and seem to lay overhead thick as glittering ceiling tiles.

2016, Claire Krulikowski, Moonlight on the Ganga:

The path to approval has been bumpiest in Washington, where Democrats in Congress have raised concerns over Mexico’s enforcement of labor rights and environmental law — and smoothest in Mexico, where the president has described the accord as a guarantee of stability for his country’s economy.

2019 June 19, Elisabeth Malkin and Ana Swanson, “Mexico Ratifies Trade Deal With the U.S. and Canada”, in The New York Times:

United Mexican States
United Mexican States#English

A country in North America, located south of the United States, and northwest of Guatemala and Belize from Central America. Official name: United Mexican States.


Japan

> Tok Pisin: Siapan (inherited)

→ Bengali: জাপান (japan)

→ Burmese: ဂျပန် (gya.pan)

→ Hindustani:

desctree

Hindi: जापान (jāpān)
→ Dhivehi: ޖާފާނު (jāfānu)

Urdu: جاپان (jāpān)

→ Irish: Seapáin

→ Marathi: जपान (japān)

→ Marshallese: Jepaan

→ Persian:

Dari: جَاپَان (jāpān)

⇒ Samoan: Iapani

→ Tamil: ஜப்பான் (jappāṉ)

→ Telugu: జపాను (japānu)

→ Welsh: Japan

→ Welsh: Siapan

→ Yoruba: Jèpáànì

Etymology tree
Hokkien 日本 /Ji̍t-púnbor.
Malay Jepangbor.
Portuguese Japãobor.
Malay Jepangbor.
Dutch Japanbor.
English Japan
First attested in English as Giapan in Richard Willes's 1577 The History of Travayle in the West and East Indies (cited in Peter C. Mancall's Travel Narratives from the Age of Discovery, pp. 156–57), translating a 19 February 1565 letter of the Portuguese Jesuit missionary Luís Fróis as "Of the Ilande of Giapan".
Borrowed from Portuguese Japão / Japam with possible influence from Dutch Japan, both from Malay Jepang / Jepun, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, “sun origin”).
With /j/ readings, such as Iaponia / Japonia or Japon / Iapon from possibly Cantonese 日本 (jat⁶ bun²), also from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, “sun origin”).
Compare also modern Mandarin 日本 (Rìběn), Japanese 日本(にっぽん) (Nippon) / 日本(にほん) (Nihon), Korean 일본 (Ilbon) (日本), Vietnamese Nhật Bản (日本).
The earliest form of Japan in Europe was Marco Polo's Cipangu, from some form of synonymous Sinitic 日本國 /日本国 (“Japan state”).

der

Vivian: If you set a picture by Hokusai, or Hokkei, or any of the great native painters, beside a real Japanese gentleman or lady, you will see that there is not the slightest resemblance between them. The actual people who live in Japan are not unlike the general run of English people; that is to say, they are extremely commonplace, and have nothing curious or extraordinary about them. In fact the whole of Japan is a pure invention. There is no such country, there are no such people... if you desire to see a Japanese effect, you will not behave like a tourist and go to Tokio. On the contrary, you will stay at home and steep yourself in the work of certain Japanese artists, and then, when you have absorbed the spirit of their style, and caught their imaginative manner of vision, you will go some afternoon and sit in the Park or stroll down Piccadilly, and if you cannot see an absolutely Japanese effect there, you will not see it anywhere.

1889 Jan., Oscar Wilde, The Decay of Lying: An Observation", The Nineteenth Century

Japan’s very interesting. Some people think it copies things. I don’t think that anymore. I think what they do is reinvent things. They will get something that’s already been invented and study it until they thoroughly understand it. In some cases, they understand it better than the original inventor... That strategy works only when what they’re working with isn’t changing very much—the stereo industry and the automobile industry are two examples. When the target is moving quickly, they find it very difficult...

1985 February, Steve Jobs, interview with David Sheff, Playboy

Nolan: You do know Japan have expressed concern?
Douglas: What, the whole country?
Nolan: No, not the whole... Mr Yamamoto.
Douglas: He's important, isn't he?
Nolan: He's the major shareholder.

2008 November 21, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 3, Episode 1


Japan

Inherited from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

Japan (a country in East Asia; capital: Tokio)


Japan

→ Faroese: Japan

→ Icelandic: Japan

From Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

> Afrikaans: Japan (inherited)

→ Arabic: اليابان (al-yābān)

desctree

→ Danish: Japan
→ Faroese: Japan
→ Icelandic: Japan

⇒ English: Japan, Giapan (obsolete), Japonia (obsolete), Japon (obsolete)
> Tok Pisin: Siapan (inherited)
→ Bengali: জাপান (japan)
→ Burmese: ဂျပန် (gya.pan)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: जापान (jāpān)
→ Dhivehi: ޖާފާނު (jāfānu)
Urdu: جاپان (jāpān)
→ Irish: Seapáin
→ Marathi: जपान (japān)
→ Marshallese: Jepaan
→ Persian:
Dari: جَاپَان (jāpān)
⇒ Samoan: Iapani
→ Tamil: ஜப்பான் (jappāṉ)
→ Telugu: జపాను (japānu)
→ Welsh: Japan
→ Welsh: Siapan
→ Yoruba: Jèpáànì

→ German: Japan
→ Ladin: Iapan
→ Estonian: Jaapan
→ Finnish: Japani
→ Hungarian: Japán
→ Latvian: Japāna
→ Norwegian: Japan
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: Јапан
Latin script: Japan
→ Yiddish: יאַפּאַן (yapan)
→ Hebrew: יפן (yapan)

→ Swedish: Japan

→ West Frisian: Japan

From Malay Jepang / Jepun, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

From Danish Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

de-proper noun

Japan n (proper noun, genitive Japans or (optionally with an article) Japan)

Japans (genitive)
Japan (genitive with-article)

→ Ladin: Iapan

→ Estonian: Jaapan

→ Finnish: Japani

→ Hungarian: Japán

→ Latvian: Japāna

→ Norwegian: Japan

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Јапан

Latin script: Japan

desctree

→ Yiddish: יאַפּאַן (yapan)
→ Hebrew: יפן (yapan)


Japan

is-proper noun

Japan n (proper noun, genitive singular Japan or (rare) Japans)

or (rare) Japans (Japan genitive singular)
Japan (indefinite nominative singular)
Japan (accusative indefinite singular)
Japan (dative indefinite singular)
Japan (genitive indefinite singular)
Japans (genitive indefinite rare singular)

Borrowed from Danish Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

Ég fer til Japans.

Hvar er Japan staðsett á kortinu?


Japan

From German Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

Jàpān (canonical masculine)
Ја̀па̄н (Cyrillic)
Japan (nominative singular)
Japana (genitive singular)
Japanu (dative singular)
Japan (accusative singular)
Japane (singular vocative)
Japanu (locative singular)
Japanom (instrumental singular)


Netherlands

en-proper noun

the Netherlands (usually uncountable, plural the Netherlands)

the Netherlands (canonical)
the Netherlands (plural)

From nether (“lower”) + lands, the country being very low-lying, with a great part below sea level. Either a calque or a parallel formation to Dutch Nederland.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Netherlands.

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium. Capital and largest city: Amsterdam.

Holland

formally refers to the provinces of North Holland and South Holland, but often colloquially used to refer to the entire country

constituent countries
constituent country

A country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten.

Ҳоландиа

country in northwestern Europe — see also Holland


EU

US (a country in North America); initialism of États-Unis (“United States”)


EU

US (a country in North America); initialism of Estados Unidos (“United States”)


Iraq

Borrowed from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq, “Iraq”).

Republic of Iraq
Republic of Iraq#English

A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Republic of Iraq. Capital and largest city: Baghdad.


Iraq

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Iraq

Alternative spelling of Irak: Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Iraq

Internationalism, ultimately from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq). The pronunciation with /ʔ/ is probably spelling-based, but perhaps reinforced by a learned understanding that the Arabic ق (q) corresponds to Maltese q.

Repubblika tal-Iraq
Repubblika tal-Iraq#Maltese

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Repubblika tal-Iraq)


Belgium

Belgium (usually uncountable, plural Belgiums)

Borrowed from Latin Belgium, from the name of the tribe of Belgae.

Kingdom of Belgium
Kingdom of Belgium#English

A country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France. Official name: Kingdom of Belgium. Capital and largest city: Brussels.


Belgium

Belgium (nominative singular)
Belgiumot (accusative singular)
Belgiumnak (dative singular)
Belgiummal (instrumental singular)
Belgiumért (causal-final singular)
Belgiummá (singular translative)
Belgiumig (singular terminative)
Belgiumként (essive-formal singular)
Belgiumban (inessive singular)
Belgiumon (singular superessive)
Belgiumnál (adessive singular)
Belgiumba (illative singular)
Belgiumra (singular sublative)
Belgiumhoz (allative singular)
Belgiumból (elative singular)
Belgiumról (delative singular)
Belgiumtól (ablative singular)
Belgiumé (singular)
Belgiuméi (singular)
Belgiumom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Belgiumod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Belgiuma (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Belgiumunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Belgiumotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Belgiumuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Belgium

la-proper noun

Belgium n sg (genitive Belgiī or Belgī); second declension

Belgiī (genitive)
Belgī (genitive)
Belgium (nominative singular)
Belgiī (genitive singular)
Belgī (genitive singular)
Belgiō (dative singular)
Belgium (accusative singular)
Belgiō (ablative singular)
Belgium (singular vocative)

→ English: Belgium

→ Bengali: বেলজিয়াম (beljiẏam)

desc

→ Bishnupriya Manipuri: বেলজিয়াম (bēlajiẏām)

→ Burmese: ဘယ်လ်ဂျီယမ် (bhailgyiyam)

→ Dhivehi: ބެލްޖިއަމް (beljiam̊)

→ Dzongkha: བེལ་ཇིཡམ་ (bel jiym)

→ Ewe: Belgium

→ Gujarati: બેલ્જિયમ (beljiyam)

→ Hawaiian: Pelekiuma

→ Hindi: बेल्जियम (beljiyam)

→ Ilocano: Belgium

→ Kamba: Belgium

→ Kapampangan: Belgium

→ Luhya: Belgium

→ Malay: Belgium

→ Malayalam: ബെൽജിയം (beljiyaṁ)

→ Maori: Peratiamu

→ Marathi: बेल्जियम (beljiyam)

→ Meru: Belgium

→ Nauruan: Belgium

→ Nepali: बेल्जियम (beljiyam)

→ Sanskrit: बेल्जियम (beljiyama)

→ Tamil: பெல்ஜியம் (peljiyam)

→ Telugu: బెల్జియం (beljiyaṁ)

→ Thai: เบลเยียม (beel-yîiam)

→ Tok Pisin: Beljiam

→ Urdu: بلجئیم (beljiyam)

→ Yoruba: Belgium

→ Esperanto: Belgio

Friulian: Belgjo

→ Greek: Βέλγιο (Vélgio)

→ Hungarian: Belgium

→ Interlingua: Belgio

Italian: Belgio

Ligurian: Belgiò

→ Scots: Belgium

Sicilian: Belgiu

→ Silesian: Belgijo

Venetan: Belgio

[ˈbɛɫ̪ɡiʊ̃ˑ]

Synonym of Belgica: Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Belgium

ms-proper noun

Bélgium (Jawi spelling بيلجيوم or بيلݢيوم)

Bélgium (canonical)
بيلجيوم (Jawi)
بيلݢيوم (Jawi)

Unadapted borrowing from English Belgium.


Greece

→ Korean: 그리스 (Geuriseu)

→ Thai: กรีซ (grìis)

→ Iban: Gerika

From Middle English Grece, from Old French Grece, from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós). Replaced Old English Grēcland, also from the same Latin source.

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Hellenic Republic
Hellenic Republic#English

A country in Southeast Europe. Official name: Hellenic Republic. Capital and largest city: Athens.


former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

en-proper noun

(the) former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Republic of North Macedonia
Republic of North Macedonia

A provisional designation (because of a naming dispute with Greece) formerly used by many international organizations to refer to the Republic of North Macedonia, a country on the Balkan Peninsula. (Abbreviated FYROM.)

provisional designation of the Republic of North Macedonia — see also Republic of North Macedonia, North Macedonia

Voormalige Joego-Slawiese Republiek Masedonië

jumhūriyya(t) maqdūniyā l-yūḡūslāfiyya(t) as-sābiqa

جُمْهُورِيَّة مَقْدُونِيَا اليُوغُوسْلَافِيَّة السَابِقَة

Antigua Republica Yugoslava de Macedonia

naxkin Haravslaviayi Makedoniayi Hanrapetutʻyun

նախկին Հարավսլավիայի Մակեդոնիայի Հանրապետություն

Antigua República Yugoslava de Macedonia

Keçmiş Yuqoslaviya Makedoniya Respublikası

Mazedoniako Jugoslaviar Errepublika Ohia

Bylája Juhasláŭskaja Respúblika Makjedónija

Была́я Югасла́ўская Рэспу́бліка Македо́нія

Би́вша Югосла́вска Репу́блика Македо́ния

Den Tidligere Jugoslaviske Republik Makedonien

Voormalige Joegoslavische Republiek Macedonië

ancienne République yougoslave de Macédoine

ყოფილი იუგოსლავიის რესპუბლიკა მაკედონია

q̇opili iugoslaviis resṗubliḳa maḳedonia

ehemalige jugoslawische Republik Mazedonien

Ehemoligi Jugoslawischi Republik Mazedonie

próin Giougkoslavikí Dimokratía tis Makedonías

πρώην Γιουγκοσλαβική Δημοκρατία της Μακεδονίας

Ha-reppubelikah ha-Yugoslavya leshe'avar shel Makedonyah

הָרֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה הָיוּגוֹסְלַבְיָה לְשֶׁעָבַר שֶׁל מָקֶדוֹנְיָה

Fyrrum júgóslavneska lýðveldið Makedónía

Būrynğy Ügoslaviä Makedoniä Respublikasy

Бұрынғы Югославия Македония Республикасы

이전 유고슬라비아 마께도니아 공화국

ijeon yugoseullabia makkedonia gonghwaguk

Komara Yûgoslavî ya Kevnar a Makedonyayê

Murdagı Yugoslaviya Makedoniya Respublikası

Мурдагы Югославия Македония Республикасы

Bijusī Dienvidslāvijas Republika Maķedonija

Vreuger Joegoslavische Rippebliek Macedonië

Buvusi Jugoslavijos Respublika Makedonija

Poranešna Jugoslovenska Republika Makedonija

Поранешна Југословенска Република Македонија

Den tidligere jugoslaviske republikk Makedonia

Den tidlegare jugoslaviske republikken Makedonia

Bývšaja Jugoslávskaja Respúblika Makedónija

Бы́вшая Югосла́вская Респу́блика Македо́ния

бивша југословенска Република Македонија

бивша југославенска Република Македонија

bivša jugoslovenska Republika Makedonija

bivša jugoslavenska Republika Makedonija

Bývalá juhoslovanská republika Macedónsko

Nekdanja jugoslovanska republika Makedonija

Bywša Južnosłowjanska Republika Makedonska

Jamhuri ya zamani ya Yugoslavia ya Makedonia

Före detta jugoslaviska republiken Makedonien

Ҷумҳурии собиқ Югославии Македония

Jumhuri-yi sobiq Yugoslavi-yi Makedoniya

Элеккеге ugгославия Македония Республикасы

Kolýšnja Juhoslávsʹka Respúblika Makedónija

Коли́шня Югосла́вська Респу́бліка Македо́нія

Sobiq Yugoslaviya Respublikasi Makedoniya


Serbia and Montenegro

(historical) Former country on the Balkan Peninsula, formerly part of Yugoslavia. It disbanded in 2006.

Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

(politics, nonstandard) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see Serbia, Montenegro.


United Arab Emirates

/jʊˌnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d ˌɛɹəb ˈɛmɪɹɪts/

Calque of Arabic الْإِمَارَات الْعَرَبِيَّة الْمُتَّحِدَة (al-ʔimārāt al-ʕarabiyya l-muttaḥida).

calque

A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Capital: Abu Dhabi. Largest city: Dubai.

阿拉伯聯合酋長國 /阿拉伯联合酋长国

aa³ laai¹ baak³ lyun⁴ hap⁶ jau⁴ zoeng² gwok³

アラブ首長国連邦

アラブしゅちょうこくれんぽう


United States of America

the United States of America (canonical)

First appears 1776, see names of the United States.

Mexico and Canada border the United States of America.

Whereas the Delegates of the United States of America in Congreſs assembled did on the 15th day of November in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Seventy seven, and in the Second Year of the Independence of America agree to certain articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between the states of Newhampſhire, Maſsachusetts-bay, Rhodeiſland and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia in the Words following, viz.[…]
ARTICLE I. The Stile of this confederacy shall be "The United States of America."

1777 November 15 [1776], Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, Philadelphia: Second Continental Congress, →OCLC, page 1:

As we here at home contemplate our own duties, our own responsibilities, let us think and think hard of the example which is being set for us by our fighting men. Our soldiers and sailors are members of well disciplined units. But they are still and forever individuals -- free individuals. They are farmers, and workers, businessmen, professional men, artists, clerks. They are the United States of America. That is why they fight. We too are the United States of America. That is why we must work and sacrifice. It is for them. It is for us. It is for victory.

1942 April 28, Franklin Roosevelt, 30:57 from the start, in Fireside Chat 21: On Sacrifice, Miller Center:

“The structure is deteriorating. The roof was leaking. The floor is sinking,” Mr. Biden said in a speech in front of the tunnel, the oldest in the Northeast, where the crowd included dozens of union workers. “This is the United States of America, for God’s sake. We know better than that.”

2023 January 30, Zolan Kanno-Youngs, Mark Walker, quoting Joe Biden, “Biden Visits Decrepit Rail Tunnel to Promote $1 Trillion Infrastructure Law”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-30, Politics:

A country in North America, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and including Alaska, Hawaii, and several territories.

الْوِلَايَات الْمُتَّحِدَة الْأَمْرِيكِيَّة

ཨ་མེ་རི་ཁ་རྒྱལ་ཕྲན་མཉམ་འབྲེལ་རྒྱལ་ཁབ

a me ri kha rgyal phran mnyam 'brel rgyal khab


Germany

en-proper noun

Germany (countable and uncountable, plural Germanys or Germanies)

1 BC
1000
1914
1944
750 BC
Germany
Julius Caesar
Strabo
The German Question

From Middle English Germanie, from Old English Germanie & Germania, from Latin Germānia (“land of the Germans”), from Germānī, a people living around and east of the Rhine first attested in the 1st century B.C.E. works of Julius Caesar and of uncertain etymology. The exonym was said by Strabo to derive from germānus (“close kin; genuine”), making it cognate with germane and german, but this seems unsupported. Attempts to derive it from Germanic or Celtic roots since the 18th century are all problematic, although it is perhaps cognate with the Old Irish gair (“neighbour”). Doublet of Germania.
In reference to a medieval kingdom, English Germany is usually an anachronism using the Roman name to describe the area or calquing various Latin terms like rex Teutonicorum ("king of the Teutons"), which were often derogatory exonyms rather than formal titles.

nowrap

1st century <small class='ce-date'>B.C.E.</small>

The win made Germany the first European team to prevail in a World Cup in the Americas and gave the Germans, who have made it to the knockout stage in 16 consecutive World Cups, their first trophy since 1990.

2014 July 13, Sam Borden, “Germans End Long Wait: 24 Years and a Bit Extra”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2014-07-13:

Germans save a lot, produce plenty and spend little. The result is a massive external surplus. Last year, Germany’s current account surplus stood at almost €200 billion ($260 billion), the world's largest.

2014 September 25, Michael Heise, “The Myth of the Stupid German Investor”, in The Wall Street Journal, archived from the original on 2015-01-07:

Federal Republic of Germany
Federal Republic of Germany#English

The principal state in this country, including

A country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany. Official name: Federal Republic of Germany. Capital and largest city: Berlin.

Nazi Germany, Third Reich, Fascist Germany

A township in Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States.

An unincorporated community in Clark County, Indiana, United States.

An unincorporated community in Houston County, Texas, United States.


Czech Republic

/ˈtʃɛk ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/

A country in Central Europe. Capital and largest city: Prague. Until 1993, part of Czechoslovakia.


France

en-proper noun

France (usually uncountable, plural Frances)

→ Assamese: ফ্ৰান্স (phranso)

→ Hawaiian: Palani

→? Japanese: フランス (Furansu)

→ Kalenjin: Frans

→ Kikuyu: Frans

→ Luhya: Frans

→ Meru: Frans

→ Sotho: France

→ Swahili: Ufaransa

→ Tokelauan: Falani

From Middle English France, from Old French France, from Latin Francia, from Francī, the name of a Germanic tribe, of unclear (but Proto-Germanic) origin. Believed to be most likely from Frankish *Frankō (“a Frank”), from Proto-Germanic *frankô (“javelin”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *preng- (“pole, stalk”). Compare Frank. Displaced native Old English Francland.

der

For a long time the dormouse and polecat had seemed to him overfeeble enemies for his restless valour, even as the granary floor seemed to afford too narrow a field. Every day he read the papers of the previous day in the servants' hall of the houses he visited, and it appeared to him that this war in America, which was hailed as the awakening of the spirit of liberty and justice in the New World, ought to produce a revolution in France.

1837, George Sand, translated by Stanley Young, Mauprat, Cassandra Editions, published 1977, →ISBN, page 237:

Although scholars have offered different chronologies and causalities for the move toward modernity, most have resolved the paradox of the two Frances by placing them in sequence: "diverse France gave way over time as modern centralized France gathered force."

1998, Shanny Peer, France on Display: Peasants, Provincials, and Folklore, →ISBN, page 2:

Hollande told cheering supporters in his rural fiefdom of Corrèze in south-west France that he was best-placed to lead France towards change, saying the vote marked a "rejection" of Sarkozy and a "sanction" against his five years in office.

2012 April 23, Angelique Chrisafis, “François Hollande on top but far right scores record result in French election”, in the Guardian:

A country in Western Europe. Official name: French Republic. Capital and largest city: Paris.


France

Antillean Creole: Fwans

Haitian Creole: Frans

Louisiana Creole: Frans, Lafrans (via la France)

Mauritian Creole: Lafrans (via la France)

desc

→ Cantonese: 法蘭西 /法兰西 (faat3 laan4 sai1, faat3 laan4-1 sai1)

→ Burmese: ပြင်သစ် (prangsac)

→ Breton: Frañs

→ Eastern Min: 法蘭西 /法兰西 (Huák-làng-să̤)

→ Finnish: Frans

→ Hokkien: 法蘭西 /法兰西 (Hoat-lân-se)

→ Japanese: フランス (Furansu)

→ Khmer: បារាំង (baarang)

→ Korean: 프랑스 (Peurangseu)

→ Mandarin: 法蘭西 /法兰西 (Fǎlánxī)

→ Manchu: ᡶᠠ
ᠯᠠᠨ
ᠰᡳ (fa lan si)

→ Rade: Prăng

→ Romanian: Franța

Inherited from Middle French France, from Old French France, from Late Latin Francia, from Francī, the name of a Germanic tribe. Doublet of Francie.


France

French: France (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle English: Fraunce, France

English: France (see there for further descendants)

Scots: Fraunce

→ Breton: Frañs


France

From Old French France, from Late Latin Francia.

(Jersey) France (a country in Western Europe)


France

desctree

Middle French: France
French: France (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle English: Fraunce, France
English: France (see there for further descendants)
Scots: Fraunce
→ Breton: Frañs

desc

Norman: France, Fraunce (continental Normandy)

Picard: France

Walloon: France


New Zealand

نِيُوزِيلَانْدَا

نِيُوزِيلَنْدَا

نِيُوزِيلَانْدَة

نِيُوزِيلَنْدَة

→ Arabic: نِيُوزِيلَانْدَا (niyūzīlāndā), نِيُوزِيلَنْدَا (niyūzīlandā), نِيُوزِيلَانْدَة (niyūzīlānda), نِيُوزِيلَنْدَة (niyūzīlanda)

নিউজিল্যান্ড

→ Bengali: নিউজিল্যান্ড (niujilênḍ)

→ Chinese: 紐西蘭 /纽西兰 (Niǔxīlán)

→ Danish: New Zealand

→ Fijian: Niusiladi

→ Hawaiian: Nukilani

נְיוּ זִילַנְדּ

→ Hebrew: נְיוּ זִילַנְדּ (nyú zíland)

→ Hebrew: נְיוּ זִילַנְדּ (nyú zíland)

→ Hindi: न्यू ज़ीलंड (nyū zīlaṇḍ), न्यूज़ीलैंड (nyūzīlaiṇḍ), न्यूज़ीलैण् (nyūzīlaiṇ)

→ Japanese: ニュージーランド (Nyū Jīrando)

→ Korean: 뉴질랜드 (nyujillaendeu)

→ Maori: Niu Tireni

→ Niuean: Niu Sila

→ Norwegian Bokmål: New Zealand

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: New Zealand

→ Pashto: نيوزيلنډ (nyuzelanḍ)

→ Persian: نِیوزیلَنْد (niyuziland)

→ Rarotongan: Nū Tireni

→ Samoan: Niu Sila

→ Swahili: Nyuzilandi

→ Thai: นิวซีแลนด์ (niu-sii-lɛɛn)

→ Tokelauan: Niu Hila

→ Tongan: Nuʻusila, Nuʻu Sila

نْیُوزی لَینْڈ

نْیُوزیلَینْڈ

→ Urdu: نْیُوزی لَینْڈ (nyūzī lainḍ), نْیُوزیلَینْڈ (nyūzī-lainḍ)

→ Yiddish: ניו־זילאַנד (nyu-ziland)

Calque of Dutch Nieuw-Zeeland (“new Zeeland”), (nieuw calqued as new), Zeeland calqued as the respelling Zealand to parallel the historical exonym, after the Dutch settlement in Batavia, which in turn had been named after the Dutch province of Zeeland, from Middle Dutch sêelant, equivalent to zee (“sea”) + land (“land”).

cal

A country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia. Official name: New Zealand. Capital: Wellington.


New Zealand

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Yugoslavia

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Jugoslavija, in turn from jug (“south”) and slavija (“Slavia, the land of the Slavs”). Literally, the land of the South Slavs.

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Kingdom of Yugoslavia

(historical) A former country on the Balkan Peninsula, made up of the now-independent nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia; it disintegrated in the 1990s.

(historical, specific) The Kingdom of Yugoslavia, a kingdom ruled by the House of Karađorđević which existed from 1918 to 1941.

(historical, specific) The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, a communist state which existed from 1945 to 1992.

Yugoslavia’s President, Slobodan Milosevic, has rejected all efforts at meaningful diplomacy and, in violation of his own previous commitments, has ratcheted up his military campaign against the innocent civilians of Kosovo.

1999 March 25, “Air Campaign Against Yugoslavia”, in The New York Times, New York:

(historical) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, a rump state formed by Serbia and Montenegro after 1992.

Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro

(historical, nonstandard, by extension) Serbia and Montenegro, after 2003 until 2006, when it disintegrated.


Israel

en-prop

Israel (countable and uncountable, plural Israels)

→ Japanese: イスラエル (Isuraeru)

From Middle English Israel, from Old English, borrowed from Latin Israel, from Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”). In the Bible, it is said to be from the name יִשְׂרֶה אֵל (yisré 'él) given to Jacob in he:T:29, after which his descendants came to be known as Israelites and their land as the "kingdom/land of Israel". The personal name, already attested in Eblaite 𒅖𒊏𒅋 (iš-ra-il) and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎌𐎗𐎛𐎍 (yšrỉl), has been variously translated as "he wrestles with God", "he prevails with God", or "God rules" (possibly from the same root ש־ר־ה/ש־ר־ר as שָׂרָה (“Sarah”)).
Line 27 of the Merneptah Stele (from about 1200 B.C.E.) is thought to contain the earliest attestation of the name Israel in any language, Egyptian ysrjꜣr.
: i-i-z:Z1s*Z1s:r-i-A-r:Z1*T14-A1*B1:Z2
Doublet of Yisroel.

Representative Nancy Pelosi, our California congresswoman, has affirmed that the United States stands “unwaveringly” by Israel as it conducts its defense[…]

2023 October 18, “We’re anti-Zionist Jews and we see genocide unfolding in Gaza”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean. Official name: State of Israel.


Israel

Inherited from Dutch Israël, from Middle Dutch israel, from Old Dutch israel, from Latin Isrāēl, from Ancient Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל.

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Israel

Israel (nominative singular)
Israel (accusative nominative singular)
Israelin (accusative genitive singular)
Israelin (genitive singular)
Israelia (partitive singular)
Israelissa (inessive singular)
Israelista (elative singular)
Israeliin (illative singular)
Israelilla (adessive singular)
Israelilta (ablative singular)
Israelille (allative singular)
Israelina (essive singular)
Israeliksi (singular translative)
Israelitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Israelini (nominative singular)
Israelini (accusative nominative singular)
Israelini (accusative genitive singular)
Israelini (genitive singular)
Israeliani (partitive singular)
Israelissani (inessive singular)
Israelistani (elative singular)
Israeliini (illative singular)
Israelillani (adessive singular)
Israeliltani (ablative singular)
Israelilleni (allative singular)
Israelinani (essive singular)
Israelikseni (singular translative)
Israelittani (abessive singular)
Israelisi (nominative singular)
Israelisi (accusative nominative singular)
Israelisi (accusative genitive singular)
Israelisi (genitive singular)
Israeliasi (partitive singular)
Israelissasi (inessive singular)
Israelistasi (elative singular)
Israeliisi (illative singular)
Israelillasi (adessive singular)
Israeliltasi (ablative singular)
Israelillesi (allative singular)
Israelinasi (essive singular)
Israeliksesi (singular translative)
Israelittasi (abessive singular)
Israelimme (nominative singular)
Israelimme (accusative nominative singular)
Israelimme (accusative genitive singular)
Israelimme (genitive singular)
Israeliamme (partitive singular)
Israelissamme (inessive singular)
Israelistamme (elative singular)
Israeliimme (illative singular)
Israelillamme (adessive singular)
Israeliltamme (ablative singular)
Israelillemme (allative singular)
Israelinamme (essive singular)
Israeliksemme (singular translative)
Israelittamme (abessive singular)
Israelinne (nominative singular)
Israelinne (accusative nominative singular)
Israelinne (accusative genitive singular)
Israelinne (genitive singular)
Israelianne (partitive singular)
Israelissanne (inessive singular)
Israelistanne (elative singular)
Israeliinne (illative singular)
Israelillanne (adessive singular)
Israeliltanne (ablative singular)
Israelillenne (allative singular)
Israelinanne (essive singular)
Israeliksenne (singular translative)
Israelittanne (abessive singular)
Israelinsa (nominative singular)
Israelinsa (accusative nominative singular)
Israelinsa (accusative genitive singular)
Israelinsa (genitive singular)
Israeliaan (partitive singular)
Israeliansa (partitive singular)
Israelissaan (inessive singular)
Israelissansa (inessive singular)
Israelistaan (elative singular)
Israelistansa (elative singular)
Israeliinsa (illative singular)
Israelillaan (adessive singular)
Israelillansa (adessive singular)
Israeliltaan (ablative singular)
Israeliltansa (ablative singular)
Israelilleen (allative singular)
Israelillensa (allative singular)
Israelinaan (essive singular)
Israelinansa (essive singular)
Israelikseen (singular translative)
Israeliksensa (singular translative)
Israelittaan (abessive singular)
Israelittansa (abessive singular)

From Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él).


Israel

de-proper noun

Israel n (proper noun, genitive Israels or (optionally with an article) Israel)

Israels (genitive)
Israel (genitive with-article)

Latin Israel, Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl)

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean; official name: Staat Israel)


Israel

From Dutch Israël, from Middle Dutch israel, from Old Dutch israel, from Latin Isrāēl, from Ancient Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל. Doublet of Israil.

A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean

(biblical) A Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people

(historical) An ancient kingdom in Western Asia, roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel and the Land of Israel

(historical) An ancient kingdom that occupied the northern part of the Land of Israel and modern State of Israel, as distinct from Judah


Israel

la-proper noun

Isrāēl m sg (variously declined, genitive Isrāēl or Isrāēlis); indeclinable, third declension

Isrāēl (canonical masculine singular)
Isrāēl (genitive)
Isrāēlis (genitive)
Isrāēl (nominative singular)
Isrāēl (genitive singular)
Isrāēlis (genitive singular)
Isrāēl (dative singular)
Isrāēlī (dative singular)
Isrāēl (accusative singular)
Isrāēlem (accusative singular)
Isrāēl (ablative singular)
Isrāēle (ablative singular)
Isrāēl (singular vocative)

Asturian: Israel

Catalan: Israel

→ Old Dutch: israel

Middle Dutch: israel

desctree

Dutch: Israël
Afrikaans: Israel
→ Indonesian: Israel

→ English: Israel, Yisrael, Israhel
→ Japanese: イスラエル (Isuraeru)

French: Israël

Galician: Israel

→ German: Israel

→ Old Irish: Israhél, Israél
Irish: Iosrael
Manx: Israel
Scottish Gaelic: Iosrael

Norman: Israël

Portuguese: Israel

Romanian: Israel

Spanish: Israel

[ɪs̠ˈräːeːɫ̪]

Borrowed from Koine Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yiśrāʾēl). The spelling Istrāhēl, from Ἰστρᾱήλ (Istrāḗl), was predominant until the dissemination of Jerome’s Vulgate (5th century CE), which popularized Isrāhēl. The h was gradually lost thereafter.

bor+

(New Latin) Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Israel

Learned borrowing from Latin Israel, from Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”). Displaced Old Galician-Portuguese Irrael.

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)

(biblical) Israel (A Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people)


Israel

Israel (accusative indefinite nominative)
Israelul (accusative definite nominative)
Israel (indefinite)
Israelului (definite)
Israelule (vocative)


Israel

[ʔɪs.ɾɐˈʔɛl]

Borrowed from Spanish Israel (“Israel”), from Latin Israel, from Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).


Israel

Latin Israel, from Koine Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yiśrāʾēl).


Estonia

→ Japanese: エストニア (Esutonia)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Estonia. Other early Latin forms were Estia and Hestia, possibly derived from the tribal name Aestiī described by the Roman historian Tacitus in his Germania (ca. 98 AD). Displaced Middle English Ēstland, from Old English Ēstland. Compare also Old Norse Æistland, Icelandic Eistland, German Estland (“Estonia”).

“In the late 1930s, the Western democracies hesitated in the face of danger,” Prime Minister Siim Kallas of Estonia, a former Soviet republic, told me. “As a consequence, we fell under dictatorships and many people lost their lives. Action is sometimes necessary.”

2010, George W. Bush, Decision Points, New York: Crown Publishers, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 233:

Republic of Estonia
Republic of Estonia#English

A country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea. Official name: Republic of Estonia.


Estonia

Estonia (absolutive indefinite)
Estoniak (ergative indefinite)
Estoniari (dative indefinite)
Estoniaren (genitive indefinite)
Estoniarekin (comitative indefinite)
Estoniarengatik (causative indefinite)
Estoniarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Estoniaz (indefinite instrumental)
Estonian (indefinite inessive)
Estoniako (indefinite locative)
Estoniara (allative indefinite)
Estoniaraino (indefinite terminative)
Estoniarantz (directive indefinite)
Estoniarako (destinative indefinite)
Estoniatik (ablative indefinite)
Estoniarik (indefinite partitive)
Estoniatzat (indefinite prolative)


Estonia

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Estonia.


Estonia

Estonia (nominative singular)
Estonian (genitive singular)
Estoniaa (partitive singular)
Estoniaa (illative singular)
Estonias (inessive singular)
Estoniast (elative singular)
Estonialle (allative singular)
Estonial (adessive singular)
Estonialt (ablative singular)
Estoniaks (singular translative)
Estonianna (essive singular)
Estoniaan (essive singular)
Estoniant (exessive singular)

[ˈe̞s̠tŏ̞ˌniɑ]

Borrowed from Russian Эстония (Estonija).


Estonia

la-proper noun

Estonia f sg (genitive Estoniae); first declension

Estoniae (genitive)
Estonia (nominative singular)
Estoniae (genitive singular)
Estoniae (dative singular)
Estoniam (accusative singular)
Estoniā (ablative singular)
Estonia (singular vocative)

Possibly derived from the tribal name Aestī described by the Roman historian Tacitus in his Germania (ca. 98 AD).

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Estonia (a country in Europe)


Estonia

estoński (adjective)
Estonia (nominative singular)
Estonii (genitive singular)
Estonii (dative singular)
Estonię (accusative singular)
Estonią (instrumental singular)
Estonii (locative singular)
Estonio (singular vocative)


Estonia

Estonie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Estonia (accusative definite nominative)
Estonii (indefinite)
Estoniei (definite)
Estonie (vocative)
Estonio (vocative)


Latvia

⇒? Japanese: ラトビア (Ratobia)

In early July, I returned to Europe for the G-7 summit in Naples. On the way, I stopped in Riga, Latvia, to meet with the leaders of the Baltic states and celebrate the withdrawal of Russian troops from Lithuania and Latvia, a move we had helped to speed up by providing a large number of housing vouchers for Russian officers who wanted to go home.

2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, volume II, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 185:

Republic of Latvia
Republic of Latvia#English

A country in North Eastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Latvia.


Latvia

Latvia (nominative singular)
Latvia (accusative nominative singular)
Latvian (accusative genitive singular)
Latvian (genitive singular)
Latviaa (partitive singular)
Latviassa (inessive singular)
Latviasta (elative singular)
Latviaan (illative singular)
Latvialla (adessive singular)
Latvialta (ablative singular)
Latvialle (allative singular)
Latviana (essive singular)
Latviaksi (singular translative)
Latviatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Latviani (nominative singular)
Latviani (accusative nominative singular)
Latviani (accusative genitive singular)
Latviani (genitive singular)
Latviaani (partitive singular)
Latviassani (inessive singular)
Latviastani (elative singular)
Latviaani (illative singular)
Latviallani (adessive singular)
Latvialtani (ablative singular)
Latvialleni (allative singular)
Latvianani (essive singular)
Latviakseni (singular translative)
Latviattani (abessive singular)
Latviasi (nominative singular)
Latviasi (accusative nominative singular)
Latviasi (accusative genitive singular)
Latviasi (genitive singular)
Latviaasi (partitive singular)
Latviassasi (inessive singular)
Latviastasi (elative singular)
Latviaasi (illative singular)
Latviallasi (adessive singular)
Latvialtasi (ablative singular)
Latviallesi (allative singular)
Latvianasi (essive singular)
Latviaksesi (singular translative)
Latviattasi (abessive singular)
Latviamme (nominative singular)
Latviamme (accusative nominative singular)
Latviamme (accusative genitive singular)
Latviamme (genitive singular)
Latviaamme (partitive singular)
Latviassamme (inessive singular)
Latviastamme (elative singular)
Latviaamme (illative singular)
Latviallamme (adessive singular)
Latvialtamme (ablative singular)
Latviallemme (allative singular)
Latvianamme (essive singular)
Latviaksemme (singular translative)
Latviattamme (abessive singular)
Latvianne (nominative singular)
Latvianne (accusative nominative singular)
Latvianne (accusative genitive singular)
Latvianne (genitive singular)
Latviaanne (partitive singular)
Latviassanne (inessive singular)
Latviastanne (elative singular)
Latviaanne (illative singular)
Latviallanne (adessive singular)
Latvialtanne (ablative singular)
Latviallenne (allative singular)
Latviananne (essive singular)
Latviaksenne (singular translative)
Latviattanne (abessive singular)
Latviansa (nominative singular)
Latviansa (accusative nominative singular)
Latviansa (accusative genitive singular)
Latviansa (genitive singular)
Latviaansa (partitive singular)
Latviassaan (inessive singular)
Latviassansa (inessive singular)
Latviastaan (elative singular)
Latviastansa (elative singular)
Latviaansa (illative singular)
Latviallaan (adessive singular)
Latviallansa (adessive singular)
Latvialtaan (ablative singular)
Latvialtansa (ablative singular)
Latvialleen (allative singular)
Latviallensa (allative singular)
Latvianaan (essive singular)
Latvianansa (essive singular)
Latviakseen (singular translative)
Latviaksensa (singular translative)
Latviattaan (abessive singular)
Latviattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈlɑ̝t̪ʋiɑ̝]


Latvia

Latvia (nominative singular)
Latvian (genitive singular)
Latviaa (partitive singular)
Latviaa (illative singular)
Latviaas (inessive singular)
Latviast (elative singular)
Latvialle (allative singular)
Latviaal (adessive singular)
Latvialt (ablative singular)
Latviaks (singular translative)
Latvianna (essive singular)
Latviaan (essive singular)
Latviant (exessive singular)


Lithuania

From Medieval Latin Līthuānia f, from Proto-Slavic *Litъva f, from Old Lithuanian Lietuva f.
It has been speculated that the name comes from the rivulet Lietauka, although archeological evidence does not corroborate this hypothesis.

Taiwan's Foreign Ministry on Saturday condemned the sanctions, saying they amounted to "irrational retaliation" by China.
"Taiwan vows to continue to do its best to assist Lithuania to counter the unreasonable and arbitrary suppression of the Chinese government," the ministry said in a statement.

2022 August 13, Yew Lun Tian, Augustas Stankevicius, Ben Blanchard, “China sanctions Lithuanian deputy minister for Taiwan visit”, in Mark Heinrich, Paul Simao, William Mallard, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-08-13, World:

Republic of Lithuania
Republic of Lithuania#English

A country in northeastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Lithuania.


Norway

→ Japanese: ノルウェー (Noruwē)

From Middle English Norwey, Norweye, Northwey, Norweȝe, Norewæiȝ, Norwæge, from Old English Norþweġ, a calque of Old Norse Norðvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”), contrasted with suðrvegr (“south way”), i.e. Germany, and austrvegr (“east way”), the Baltic lands. Norwegian (1607) is from Medieval Latin Norvegia, with the -w- from Norway. Equivalent to North + way.

Kingdom of Norway
Kingdom of Norway#English

A country in Scandinavia, in northern Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Norway.


Sweden

→ Bengali: সুইডেন (śuiḍen)

→ Cantonese: 瑞典 (seoi⁶ din²)

→ Mandarin: 瑞典 (Ruìdiǎn)

→ Hakka: 瑞典 (Shuì-tién)

→ Korean: 서전 (Seojeon)

→ Vietnamese: Thụy Điển

→ Hindi: स्वीडन (svīḍan)

→ Hokkien: 瑞典 (Sūi-tián)

→ Mandarin: 瑞典 (Ruìdiǎn)

→ Japanese: スウェーデン (Suwēden)

→ Korean: 스웨덴 (Seuweden)

→ Marathi: स्वीडन (svīḍan)

→ Telugu: స్వీడన్ (svīḍan)

Borrowed from Scots Swethin, Swadne (also Swaden), from Middle Dutch Sweden, dative of Swede. Originally used to refer to the people before the late 1600s, later displaced native Old English Swēoland (literally “Swede land”), Swēoþēod (literally “Swede nation”), and Swēorīċe (literally “Swede kingdom”) to refer to the country.

ncog

People often mix up Sweden and Switzerland

Kingdom of Sweden
Kingdom of Sweden#English

A country in Scandinavia in Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Sweden


Finland

en-proper noun

Finland (usually uncountable, plural Finlands)

→ Japanese: フィンランド (Finrando)

Ultimately, from Old Norse Finnland. Compare Old English Finna land (“Lapland”, literally “land of the Sami”).

cog

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Finland.

Republic of Finland
Republic of Finland#English

A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe. Official name: Republic of Finland.


Finland

Finland (a country in Northern Europe; capital: Helsinki)


Finland

Finland (A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe)


Finland

nl-proper noun

Finland n (adjective Fins or Finlands, demonym Fin m or Finlander m or Finse f or Finlandse f)

Fins (adjective)
Finlands (adjective)
Fin (demonym masculine)
Finlander (demonym masculine)
Finse (demonym feminine)
Finlandse (demonym feminine)

Borrowed and first attested in the 16th century Dutch translation of Olaus Magnus Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus by Cornelius Grapheus, but whether it was borrowed from Latin or a Germanic translation, e.g. Swedish, Low German or High German, is uncertain.


Morocco

→ Japanese: モロッコ (Morokko)

Earlier spelling Marocco, from Portuguese Marrocos and/or Spanish Marruecos, from Arabic مُرَّاكُش (murrākuš), from Berber ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴽⵓⵛ (amur n akuc, literally “Land of God”). The word originally referred to the capital city of Marrakech (founded late 11th c.), but came to be used as a pars pro toto for the westernmost region of the Islamic world. Compare older Arabic مُرَّاكُش (murrākuš) (now اَلْمَغْرِب (al-maḡrib)), Persian مراکش (marâkeš), Medieval Latin Marrochium. Turkish refers to the country as Fas from Fez, another former capital. Doublet of Marrakech.

Kingdom of Morocco
Kingdom of Morocco#English

A country in North Africa. Official name: Kingdom of Morocco. Capital: Rabat.

Eʼeʼaahjí Ghą́ą́ʼaskʼidii Biłikahii Bikéyah


Algeria

→ Japanese: アルジェリア (Arujeria)

/ælˈdʒɪəɹiə/

From Alger + -ia, modified based on French Algérie, from the French Alger (“Algiers”) + -ie, from Algerian Arabic الدزَاير (al-dzayir), from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”) (with elision of the first vowel), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers. Doublet of Algiers and Algeciras.

der

اَلْجَزَائِر

People's Democratic Republic of Algeria#English

A country in North Africa. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Capital and largest city: Algiers.

(historical) Ottoman Algeria, also the regency of Algiers or al-Jazā’ir in Arabic, from 1515 to 1830

(historical) French or Colonial Algeria, from 1830 to 1962

People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria
People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria

The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, since 1962


Algeria

Algeria (nominative singular)
Algeria (accusative nominative singular)
Algerian (accusative genitive singular)
Algerian (genitive singular)
Algeriaa (partitive singular)
Algeriassa (inessive singular)
Algeriasta (elative singular)
Algeriaan (illative singular)
Algerialla (adessive singular)
Algerialta (ablative singular)
Algerialle (allative singular)
Algeriana (essive singular)
Algeriaksi (singular translative)
Algeriatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Algeriani (nominative singular)
Algeriani (accusative nominative singular)
Algeriani (accusative genitive singular)
Algeriani (genitive singular)
Algeriaani (partitive singular)
Algeriassani (inessive singular)
Algeriastani (elative singular)
Algeriaani (illative singular)
Algeriallani (adessive singular)
Algerialtani (ablative singular)
Algerialleni (allative singular)
Algerianani (essive singular)
Algeriakseni (singular translative)
Algeriattani (abessive singular)
Algeriasi (nominative singular)
Algeriasi (accusative nominative singular)
Algeriasi (accusative genitive singular)
Algeriasi (genitive singular)
Algeriaasi (partitive singular)
Algeriassasi (inessive singular)
Algeriastasi (elative singular)
Algeriaasi (illative singular)
Algeriallasi (adessive singular)
Algerialtasi (ablative singular)
Algeriallesi (allative singular)
Algerianasi (essive singular)
Algeriaksesi (singular translative)
Algeriattasi (abessive singular)
Algeriamme (nominative singular)
Algeriamme (accusative nominative singular)
Algeriamme (accusative genitive singular)
Algeriamme (genitive singular)
Algeriaamme (partitive singular)
Algeriassamme (inessive singular)
Algeriastamme (elative singular)
Algeriaamme (illative singular)
Algeriallamme (adessive singular)
Algerialtamme (ablative singular)
Algeriallemme (allative singular)
Algerianamme (essive singular)
Algeriaksemme (singular translative)
Algeriattamme (abessive singular)
Algerianne (nominative singular)
Algerianne (accusative nominative singular)
Algerianne (accusative genitive singular)
Algerianne (genitive singular)
Algeriaanne (partitive singular)
Algeriassanne (inessive singular)
Algeriastanne (elative singular)
Algeriaanne (illative singular)
Algeriallanne (adessive singular)
Algerialtanne (ablative singular)
Algeriallenne (allative singular)
Algeriananne (essive singular)
Algeriaksenne (singular translative)
Algeriattanne (abessive singular)
Algeriansa (nominative singular)
Algeriansa (accusative nominative singular)
Algeriansa (accusative genitive singular)
Algeriansa (genitive singular)
Algeriaansa (partitive singular)
Algeriassaan (inessive singular)
Algeriassansa (inessive singular)
Algeriastaan (elative singular)
Algeriastansa (elative singular)
Algeriaansa (illative singular)
Algeriallaan (adessive singular)
Algeriallansa (adessive singular)
Algerialtaan (ablative singular)
Algerialtansa (ablative singular)
Algerialleen (allative singular)
Algeriallensa (allative singular)
Algerianaan (essive singular)
Algerianansa (essive singular)
Algeriakseen (singular translative)
Algeriaksensa (singular translative)
Algeriattaan (abessive singular)
Algeriattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈɑ̝lɡe̞ˌriɑ̝]

From French Algérie. Compare English Algeria.


Algeria

From Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers.

اَلْجَزَائِر


Algeria

Algeriei (dative genitive)
Algerie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Algeria (accusative definite nominative)
Algerii (indefinite)
Algeriei (definite)
Algerie (vocative)
Algerio (vocative)


Algeria

From English Algeria, from French Algérie, ultimately from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir).

اَلْجَزَائِر


Tunisia

A country in North Africa. Capital: Tunis.

Ottoman Tunisia; the Eyalet of Tunis, from 1534 to 1881

French protectorate of Tunisia, from 1881 to 1956


Tunisia

Tunisia (absolutive indefinite)
Tunisiak (ergative indefinite)
Tunisiari (dative indefinite)
Tunisiaren (genitive indefinite)
Tunisiarekin (comitative indefinite)
Tunisiarengatik (causative indefinite)
Tunisiarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Tunisiaz (indefinite instrumental)
Tunisian (indefinite inessive)
Tunisiako (indefinite locative)
Tunisiara (allative indefinite)
Tunisiaraino (indefinite terminative)
Tunisiarantz (directive indefinite)
Tunisiarako (destinative indefinite)
Tunisiatik (ablative indefinite)
Tunisiarik (indefinite partitive)
Tunisiatzat (indefinite prolative)


Tunisia

Tunisia (nominative singular)
Tunisia (accusative nominative singular)
Tunisian (accusative genitive singular)
Tunisian (genitive singular)
Tunisiaa (partitive singular)
Tunisiassa (inessive singular)
Tunisiasta (elative singular)
Tunisiaan (illative singular)
Tunisialla (adessive singular)
Tunisialta (ablative singular)
Tunisialle (allative singular)
Tunisiana (essive singular)
Tunisiaksi (singular translative)
Tunisiatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Tunisiani (nominative singular)
Tunisiani (accusative nominative singular)
Tunisiani (accusative genitive singular)
Tunisiani (genitive singular)
Tunisiaani (partitive singular)
Tunisiassani (inessive singular)
Tunisiastani (elative singular)
Tunisiaani (illative singular)
Tunisiallani (adessive singular)
Tunisialtani (ablative singular)
Tunisialleni (allative singular)
Tunisianani (essive singular)
Tunisiakseni (singular translative)
Tunisiattani (abessive singular)
Tunisiasi (nominative singular)
Tunisiasi (accusative nominative singular)
Tunisiasi (accusative genitive singular)
Tunisiasi (genitive singular)
Tunisiaasi (partitive singular)
Tunisiassasi (inessive singular)
Tunisiastasi (elative singular)
Tunisiaasi (illative singular)
Tunisiallasi (adessive singular)
Tunisialtasi (ablative singular)
Tunisiallesi (allative singular)
Tunisianasi (essive singular)
Tunisiaksesi (singular translative)
Tunisiattasi (abessive singular)
Tunisiamme (nominative singular)
Tunisiamme (accusative nominative singular)
Tunisiamme (accusative genitive singular)
Tunisiamme (genitive singular)
Tunisiaamme (partitive singular)
Tunisiassamme (inessive singular)
Tunisiastamme (elative singular)
Tunisiaamme (illative singular)
Tunisiallamme (adessive singular)
Tunisialtamme (ablative singular)
Tunisiallemme (allative singular)
Tunisianamme (essive singular)
Tunisiaksemme (singular translative)
Tunisiattamme (abessive singular)
Tunisianne (nominative singular)
Tunisianne (accusative nominative singular)
Tunisianne (accusative genitive singular)
Tunisianne (genitive singular)
Tunisiaanne (partitive singular)
Tunisiassanne (inessive singular)
Tunisiastanne (elative singular)
Tunisiaanne (illative singular)
Tunisiallanne (adessive singular)
Tunisialtanne (ablative singular)
Tunisiallenne (allative singular)
Tunisiananne (essive singular)
Tunisiaksenne (singular translative)
Tunisiattanne (abessive singular)
Tunisiansa (nominative singular)
Tunisiansa (accusative nominative singular)
Tunisiansa (accusative genitive singular)
Tunisiansa (genitive singular)
Tunisiaansa (partitive singular)
Tunisiassaan (inessive singular)
Tunisiassansa (inessive singular)
Tunisiastaan (elative singular)
Tunisiastansa (elative singular)
Tunisiaansa (illative singular)
Tunisiallaan (adessive singular)
Tunisiallansa (adessive singular)
Tunisialtaan (ablative singular)
Tunisialtansa (ablative singular)
Tunisialleen (allative singular)
Tunisiallensa (allative singular)
Tunisianaan (essive singular)
Tunisianansa (essive singular)
Tunisiakseen (singular translative)
Tunisiaksensa (singular translative)
Tunisiattaan (abessive singular)
Tunisiattansa (abessive singular)


Libya

→ Korean: 리비아 (Ribia)

Via Latin Libya, from Ancient Greek Λιβύη (Libúē). English since the 16th century.

A country in North Africa. Capital: Tripoli.


Libya

Libya (nominative singular)
Libya (accusative nominative singular)
Libyan (accusative genitive singular)
Libyan (genitive singular)
Libyaa (partitive singular)
Libyassa (inessive singular)
Libyasta (elative singular)
Libyaan (illative singular)
Libyalla (adessive singular)
Libyalta (ablative singular)
Libyalle (allative singular)
Libyana (essive singular)
Libyaksi (singular translative)
Libyatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Libyani (nominative singular)
Libyani (accusative nominative singular)
Libyani (accusative genitive singular)
Libyani (genitive singular)
Libyaani (partitive singular)
Libyassani (inessive singular)
Libyastani (elative singular)
Libyaani (illative singular)
Libyallani (adessive singular)
Libyaltani (ablative singular)
Libyalleni (allative singular)
Libyanani (essive singular)
Libyakseni (singular translative)
Libyattani (abessive singular)
Libyasi (nominative singular)
Libyasi (accusative nominative singular)
Libyasi (accusative genitive singular)
Libyasi (genitive singular)
Libyaasi (partitive singular)
Libyassasi (inessive singular)
Libyastasi (elative singular)
Libyaasi (illative singular)
Libyallasi (adessive singular)
Libyaltasi (ablative singular)
Libyallesi (allative singular)
Libyanasi (essive singular)
Libyaksesi (singular translative)
Libyattasi (abessive singular)
Libyamme (nominative singular)
Libyamme (accusative nominative singular)
Libyamme (accusative genitive singular)
Libyamme (genitive singular)
Libyaamme (partitive singular)
Libyassamme (inessive singular)
Libyastamme (elative singular)
Libyaamme (illative singular)
Libyallamme (adessive singular)
Libyaltamme (ablative singular)
Libyallemme (allative singular)
Libyanamme (essive singular)
Libyaksemme (singular translative)
Libyattamme (abessive singular)
Libyanne (nominative singular)
Libyanne (accusative nominative singular)
Libyanne (accusative genitive singular)
Libyanne (genitive singular)
Libyaanne (partitive singular)
Libyassanne (inessive singular)
Libyastanne (elative singular)
Libyaanne (illative singular)
Libyallanne (adessive singular)
Libyaltanne (ablative singular)
Libyallenne (allative singular)
Libyananne (essive singular)
Libyaksenne (singular translative)
Libyattanne (abessive singular)
Libyansa (nominative singular)
Libyansa (accusative nominative singular)
Libyansa (accusative genitive singular)
Libyansa (genitive singular)
Libyaansa (partitive singular)
Libyassaan (inessive singular)
Libyassansa (inessive singular)
Libyastaan (elative singular)
Libyastansa (elative singular)
Libyaansa (illative singular)
Libyallaan (adessive singular)
Libyallansa (adessive singular)
Libyaltaan (ablative singular)
Libyaltansa (ablative singular)
Libyalleen (allative singular)
Libyallensa (allative singular)
Libyanaan (essive singular)
Libyanansa (essive singular)
Libyakseen (singular translative)
Libyaksensa (singular translative)
Libyattaan (abessive singular)
Libyattansa (abessive singular)


Libya

la-proper noun

Libya f sg (genitive Libyae); first declension

Libyae (genitive)
Libya (nominative singular)
Libyae (genitive singular)
Libyae (dative singular)
Libyam (accusative singular)
Libyā (ablative singular)
Libya (singular vocative)

→ English: Libya

Norman: Libye

(New Latin) Libya (a country in North Africa)


Libya

Borrowed from English Libya and/or Spanish Libia (“Libya”).


Libya

Libya (nominative singular)
Libya'yı (accusative singular)
Libya'ya (dative singular)
Libya'da (locative singular)
Libya'dan (ablative singular)
Libya'nın (genitive singular)
Libya'm (first-person singular)
Libyalarım (first-person singular)
Libya'larım (first-person singular)
Libya'n (second-person singular)
Libyaların (second-person singular)
Libya'ların (second-person singular)
Libya'sı (singular third-person)
Libyaları (singular third-person)
Libya'ları (singular third-person)
Libya'mız (first-person plural)
Libyalarımız (first-person plural)
Libya'larımız (first-person plural)
Libya'nız (plural second-person)
Libyalarınız (plural second-person)
Libya'larınız (plural second-person)
Libya'sı (plural third-person)
Libyaları (plural third-person)
Libya'ları (plural third-person)


Egypt

→ Burmese: အီဂျစ် (igyac)

→ Chinese: 埃及 (Āijí)

→ Korean: 애굽 (Aegup)

→ Vietnamese: Ai Cập

→ Cornish: Ejyp

→ Gujarati: ઇજિપ્ત (ijipt)

→ Hindi: इजिप्ट (ijipṭ), इजिप्त (ijipt)

→ Iban: Ejip

→ Japanese: エジプト (Ejiputo)

→ Kannada: ಈಜಿಪ್ಟ್ (ījipṭ)

→ Korean: 이집트 (Ijipteu)

→ Malayalam: ഈജിപ്റ്റ് (ījipṟṟ)

→ Maori: Īhipa

→ Marathi: इजिप्त (ijipta)

→ Navajo: Ííjip

→ Nepali: इजिप्ट (ijipṭa)

→ Odia: ଇଜିପ୍ଟ (ijipṭa)

→ Paiwan: Idjiputu

→ Thai: อียิปต์ (ii-yìp)

From Middle English Egipt, from Middle French Egypte, from Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos) (see also the Mycenaean Greek ethnonym 𐁁𐀓𐀠𐀴𐀍 (a3-ku-pi-ti-jo, “Egyptian”)), from Egyptian ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ (“Egypt; Memphis; the temple of Ptah in Memphis”, literally “The temple of the ka of Ptah”), whose Late Egyptian pronunciation is reflected by Akkadian 𒄭𒆪𒌒𒋫𒀪 (ḫikuptaḫ).

der

Arab Republic of Egypt
Arab Republic of Egypt#English

A country in North Africa and Western Asia. Official name: Arab Republic of Egypt. Capital: Cairo.


Egypt

cs-proper noun

Egypt m inan (relational adjective egyptský, demonym Egypťan, female demonym Egypťanka)

egyptský (adjective relational)
Egypťan (demonym)
Egypťanka (demonym feminine)
Egypt (nominative singular)
Egypta (genitive singular)
Egyptu (dative singular)
Egypt (accusative singular)
Egypte (singular vocative)
Egyptě (locative singular)
Egyptu (locative singular)
Egyptem (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Old Czech Ejipt(us), Egypt(us), from Latin Aegyptus.

inh+

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Egypt

sk-proper noun

Egypt m inan (genitive singular Egypta or Egyptu)

Egypta (genitive singular)
Egyptu (genitive singular)
Egypt (nominative singular-only)
Egypta (genitive singular-only)
Egyptu (genitive singular-only)
Egyptu (dative singular-only)
Egypt (accusative singular-only)
Egypte (locative singular-only)
Egyptom (instrumental singular-only)


South Africa

/ˌsaʊθ ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/

[sɑɤ̯ˈθɛ̞frɘkə]

From Union of South Africa, the country's former official name, referring to its origin from the unification of four formerly separate British colonies.

South Africa
South Africa (disambiguation)

Republic of South Africa
Republic of South Africa#English

A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of South Africa. Capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein.

Kéyah Naakai Łizhinii Bikéyah Shádiʼááhjí Siʼánígíí


Poland

→ Japanese: ポーランド (Pōrando)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-der.
Proto-Slavic *poľe
Proto-Slavic *-janъ
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Slavic *-inъ
Proto-Slavic *-janinъ
Proto-Slavic *poľaninъder.
German Polebor.
English Pole
Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-om
Proto-Germanic *landą
Proto-West Germanic *land
Old English land
Middle English lond
English land
English Poland
1560s. From Pole + land, a phono-semantic matching of German Polen (“Poland”), from Old Polish Polanie (“Poles”, literally “field dwellers”), from Proto-Slavic *poľane, plural of *poľaninъ (“field dweller”), from *poľe (“field”) + *-ěninъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, wide”).

der

After leaving the Soviet Union, we made a brief visit to one of the captive nations — Poland.[...]A quarter of a million people turned out that Sunday. Despite the presence of Soviet troops, and the fact that they share a common border with the Soviet Union, on that Sunday the people of Poland demonstrated dramatically not only their friendship for the United States but also their detestation of their Communist rulers and Soviet neighbors.

1978, Richard Nixon, RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon, Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 213:

The next stop was Warsaw, to meet with President Lech Walesa and emphasize my commitment to bringing Poland into NATO. Walesa had become a hero, and free Poland's natural choice for president, by leading the Gdansk-shipyard workers' revolt against communism more than a decade earlier. He was deeply suspicious of Russia and wanted Poland in NATO as soon as possible. He also wanted more American investment in Poland, saying the country's future required more American generals, "starting with General Motors and General Electric."

2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, volume II, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 185–186:

Republic of Poland
Republic of Poland#English

A country in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Poland. Capital and largest city: Warsaw.


Austria

→ Japanese: オーストリア (Ōsutoria)

From Latin Austria, a Latinization of Old High German Ōstarrīhhi (the first element of which means "east" and stems from Proto-Germanic *austraz (“eastern”), and the second element of which is rīhhi (“realm”). See east, eastern for more.
Distantly cognate to Australia: it derives from the same Proto-Indo-European root, but via Latin, where it came to mean “south” rather than “east”. Compare also Austrasia.

Republic of Austria
Republic of Austria#English

A country in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Austria. Capital and largest city: Vienna.


Austria

Austria (absolutive indefinite)
Austriak (ergative indefinite)
Austriari (dative indefinite)
Austriaren (genitive indefinite)
Austriarekin (comitative indefinite)
Austriarengatik (causative indefinite)
Austriarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Austriaz (indefinite instrumental)
Austrian (indefinite inessive)
Austriako (indefinite locative)
Austriara (allative indefinite)
Austriaraino (indefinite terminative)
Austriarantz (directive indefinite)
Austriarako (destinative indefinite)
Austriatik (ablative indefinite)
Austriarik (indefinite partitive)
Austriatzat (indefinite prolative)


Austria

head

Austria (genitive Austria, partitive Austriat)

Austria (genitive)
Austriat (partitive)
Austria (nominative singular)
Austriad (nominative plural)
Austria (accusative nominative singular)
Austriad (accusative nominative plural)
Austria (accusative genitive singular)
Austriad (accusative genitive plural)
Austria (genitive singular)
Austriate (genitive plural)
Austriat (partitive singular)
Austriaid (partitive plural)
Austriasse (illative singular)
Austriatesse (illative plural)
Austriaisse (illative plural)
Austrias (inessive singular)
Austriates (inessive plural)
Austriais (inessive plural)
Austriast (elative singular)
Austriatest (elative plural)
Austriaist (elative plural)
Austriale (allative singular)
Austriatele (allative plural)
Austriaile (allative plural)
Austrial (adessive singular)
Austriatel (adessive plural)
Austriail (adessive plural)
Austrialt (ablative singular)
Austriatelt (ablative plural)
Austriailt (ablative plural)
Austriaks (singular translative)
Austriateks (plural translative)
Austriaiks (plural translative)
Austriani (singular terminative)
Austriateni (plural terminative)
Austriana (essive singular)
Austriatena (essive plural)
Austriata (abessive singular)
Austriateta (abessive plural)
Austriaga (comitative singular)
Austriatega (comitative plural)


Austria

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin Austria, a Latinization of Old High German Ostarrîchi (the first element of which means "east" and stems from Proto-Germanic *austraz (“eastern”), and the second element of which is rīhhi (“realm”); it, in turn, is a calque of Latin Marchia austriaca (“eastern borderland”).


Austria

la-proper noun

Austria f sg (genitive Austriae); first declension

Austriae (genitive)
Austria (nominative singular)
Austriae (genitive singular)
Austriae (dative singular)
Austriam (accusative singular)
Austriā (ablative singular)
Austria (singular vocative)

From auster (“south”) + -ia, a phono-semantic matching of Middle High German Ōsterrīche, from Old High German Ōstarrīhhi. The first element of the High German word is Proto-Germanic *austraz (“eastern”), cognate with Latin auster, but of different sense. The formation nevertheless makes sense because Austria is located in the south-east of the German-speaking lands.

phono-semantic matching

FRANCISCVS I · AVSTRIÆ IMPERATOR
Francis I · Emperor of Austria

(New Latin) Austria (a country in Central Europe)


Austria

Austria (nominative singular)
Austrii (genitive singular)
Austrii (dative singular)
Austrię (accusative singular)
Austrią (instrumental singular)
Austrii (locative singular)
Austrio (singular vocative)


Austria

Austrie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Austria (accusative definite nominative)
Austrii (indefinite)
Austriei (definite)
Austrie (vocative)
Austrio (vocative)


Austria

Borrowed from Latin Austria, a Latinization of Old High German Ostarrîchi, from an element meaning "east" (Proto-Germanic *austrą, compare Swedish öster) + rīhhi (“realm”) (compare modern German Reich (“realm”)).


Iceland

→ Japanese: アイスランド (Aisurando)

From Middle English Iseland, Island, Islond, Yslond, a calque of Old Norse Ísland, equivalent to ice + land.

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

A country in the North Atlantic Ocean, Europe.


Malaysia

→ Japanese: マレーシア (Marēshia)

desctree

→ Malay: Malaysia
→ Japanese: マライシア (Maraishia) (obsolete)

Etymology tree
Malay Melayuder.
English Malay
English Malays
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā)der.
Ancient Greek -εύς (-eús)?
Ancient Greek -ιᾰ (-iă)
Ancient Greek -εια (-eia)der.
Latin -iader.
English -ia
English Malaysia
From Malays + -ia, amended from the previous form, Malaya. The ⟨-s⟩ was added to honour the inclusion of Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo (Sabah) with Malaya in the formation of The Federation of Malaysia.

etymon

A country in Southeast Asia. Capital: Kuala Lumpur.


Malaysia

de-proper noun

Malaysia n (proper noun, genitive Malaysias or (optionally with an article) Malaysia)

Malaysias (genitive)
Malaysia (genitive with-article)


Malaysia

orang Malaysia


Malaysia

مليسيا (Jawi)

→ Japanese: マライシア (Maraishia) (obsolete)

From English Malaysia, via Malays + -ia, the root being from Melayu.

orang Malaysia


Malaysia

Yn Valaysia (canonical feminine)
Malaysia
Valaysia


Philippines

See Name of the Philippines in Wikipedia for a complete etymology.
Borrowed from French Philippines, originally from Spanish Filipinas, which was from Felipe (the name of a king of Spain). Equivalent to Philip + -ine + -s.

Republic of the Philippines
Republic of the Philippines#English

A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Philippines. Capital: Manila.


Philippines

→ Persian: فیلیپین (filipin)

Philippe + -ine + -s, a calque of Spanish Filipinas, using the pet form of Filipe (“Philip”) (French: Philippe), named after the King of Spain, Philip II.

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Solomon Islands

desc

→ Japanese: ソロモン諸島 (Soromon Shotō) (calque)

King Solomon
Solomon Islands
Álvaro de Mendaña y Neira

After King Solomon, whose mines of immense wealth Álvaro de Mendaña y Neira hoped to find when he named it in 1567 or 1568.

A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands. Official name: Solomon Islands. Capital and largest city: Honiara.


Andorra

Principality of Andorra
Principality of Andorra#English

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella#English

A microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France. Official name: Principality of Andorra. Capital and largest city: Andorra la Vella.


Andorra

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Andorra

A Comunidá de Treballo d’os Perinés (CTP, que arrocla á os gubiernos d’Andorra, Aquitania, Aragón, Cataluña, Luengadoc-Rosellón, Meyodía-Perinés, Nabarra e País Basco) treballa en zinco luengas pirinencas: franzés, español, catalán, basco e oczitano (que ni sisquiera ye reconoxito por o Estau franzés).
The Pyrenean Work Community (PWC, which consists of the governments of Andorra, Aquitaine, Aragón, Catalonia, Languedoc-Roussillon, Midi-Pyrénées, Navarre and the Basque Country) works in five Pyrenean languages: French, Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Occitan (which isn’t even recognised by the French state).

November-December 2010, Fuellas d’informazión d’o Consello d’a Fabla Aragonesa, 200th edition, page 4


Andorra

Andorra (absolutive indefinite)
Andorrak (ergative indefinite)
Andorrari (dative indefinite)
Andorraren (genitive indefinite)
Andorrarekin (comitative indefinite)
Andorrarengatik (causative indefinite)
Andorrarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Andorraz (indefinite instrumental)
Andorran (indefinite inessive)
Andorrako (indefinite locative)
Andorrara (allative indefinite)
Andorraraino (indefinite terminative)
Andorrarantz (directive indefinite)
Andorrarako (destinative indefinite)
Andorratik (ablative indefinite)
Andorrarik (indefinite partitive)
Andorratzat (indefinite prolative)

Borrowed from Spanish Andorra (“Andorra”).


Andorra

→ Japanese: アンドラ (Andora)


Andorra

cs-proper noun

Andorra f (relational adjective andorrský, demonym Andořan)

andorrský (adjective relational)
Andořan (demonym)
Andorra (nominative singular)
Andorry (genitive singular)
Andoře (dative singular)
Andorru (accusative singular)
Andorro (singular vocative)
Andoře (locative singular)
Andorrou (instrumental singular)


Andorra

nl-proper noun

Andorra n (adjective Andorrees, demonym Andorrees m or Andorrese f)

Andorrees (adjective)
Andorrees (demonym masculine)
Andorrese (demonym feminine)


Andorra

Andorra (nominative singular)
Andorra (accusative nominative singular)
Andorra (accusative genitive singular)
Andorra (genitive singular)
Andorrat (partitive singular)
Andorrasse (illative singular)
Andorras (inessive singular)
Andorrast (elative singular)
Andorrale (allative singular)
Andorral (adessive singular)
Andorralt (ablative singular)
Andorraks (singular translative)
Andorrani (singular terminative)
Andorrana (essive singular)
Andorrata (abessive singular)
Andorraga (comitative singular)


Andorra

Andorra (nominative singular)
Andorra (accusative nominative singular)
Andorran (accusative genitive singular)
Andorran (genitive singular)
Andorraa (partitive singular)
Andorrassa (inessive singular)
Andorrasta (elative singular)
Andorraan (illative singular)
Andorralla (adessive singular)
Andorralta (ablative singular)
Andorralle (allative singular)
Andorrana (essive singular)
Andorraksi (singular translative)
Andorratta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Andorrani (nominative singular)
Andorrani (accusative nominative singular)
Andorrani (accusative genitive singular)
Andorrani (genitive singular)
Andorraani (partitive singular)
Andorrassani (inessive singular)
Andorrastani (elative singular)
Andorraani (illative singular)
Andorrallani (adessive singular)
Andorraltani (ablative singular)
Andorralleni (allative singular)
Andorranani (essive singular)
Andorrakseni (singular translative)
Andorrattani (abessive singular)
Andorrasi (nominative singular)
Andorrasi (accusative nominative singular)
Andorrasi (accusative genitive singular)
Andorrasi (genitive singular)
Andorraasi (partitive singular)
Andorrassasi (inessive singular)
Andorrastasi (elative singular)
Andorraasi (illative singular)
Andorrallasi (adessive singular)
Andorraltasi (ablative singular)
Andorrallesi (allative singular)
Andorranasi (essive singular)
Andorraksesi (singular translative)
Andorrattasi (abessive singular)
Andorramme (nominative singular)
Andorramme (accusative nominative singular)
Andorramme (accusative genitive singular)
Andorramme (genitive singular)
Andorraamme (partitive singular)
Andorrassamme (inessive singular)
Andorrastamme (elative singular)
Andorraamme (illative singular)
Andorrallamme (adessive singular)
Andorraltamme (ablative singular)
Andorrallemme (allative singular)
Andorranamme (essive singular)
Andorraksemme (singular translative)
Andorrattamme (abessive singular)
Andorranne (nominative singular)
Andorranne (accusative nominative singular)
Andorranne (accusative genitive singular)
Andorranne (genitive singular)
Andorraanne (partitive singular)
Andorrassanne (inessive singular)
Andorrastanne (elative singular)
Andorraanne (illative singular)
Andorrallanne (adessive singular)
Andorraltanne (ablative singular)
Andorrallenne (allative singular)
Andorrananne (essive singular)
Andorraksenne (singular translative)
Andorrattanne (abessive singular)
Andorransa (nominative singular)
Andorransa (accusative nominative singular)
Andorransa (accusative genitive singular)
Andorransa (genitive singular)
Andorraansa (partitive singular)
Andorrassaan (inessive singular)
Andorrassansa (inessive singular)
Andorrastaan (elative singular)
Andorrastansa (elative singular)
Andorraansa (illative singular)
Andorrallaan (adessive singular)
Andorrallansa (adessive singular)
Andorraltaan (ablative singular)
Andorraltansa (ablative singular)
Andorralleen (allative singular)
Andorrallensa (allative singular)
Andorranaan (essive singular)
Andorranansa (essive singular)
Andorrakseen (singular translative)
Andorraksensa (singular translative)
Andorrattaan (abessive singular)
Andorrattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈɑ̝ndo̞rːɑ̝]


Andorra

de-proper noun

Andorra n (proper noun, genitive Andorras or (optionally with an article) Andorra)

Andorras (genitive)
Andorra (genitive with-article)


Andorra

Andorra (nominative singular)
Andorrát (accusative singular)
Andorrának (dative singular)
Andorrával (instrumental singular)
Andorráért (causal-final singular)
Andorrává (singular translative)
Andorráig (singular terminative)
Andorraként (essive-formal singular)
Andorrában (inessive singular)
Andorrán (singular superessive)
Andorránál (adessive singular)
Andorrába (illative singular)
Andorrára (singular sublative)
Andorrához (allative singular)
Andorrából (elative singular)
Andorráról (delative singular)
Andorrától (ablative singular)
Andorráé (singular)
Andorráéi (singular)
Andorrám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Andorrád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Andorrája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Andorránk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Andorrátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Andorrájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Andorra

is-proper noun

Andorra n (proper noun, genitive singular Andorra)

Andorra (genitive singular)
Andorra (indefinite nominative singular)
Andorra (accusative indefinite singular)
Andorra (dative indefinite singular)
Andorra (genitive indefinite singular)


Andorra

la-proper noun

Andorra f sg (genitive Andorrae); first declension

Andorrae (genitive)
Andorra (nominative singular)
Andorrae (genitive singular)
Andorrae (dative singular)
Andorram (accusative singular)
Andorrā (ablative singular)
Andorra (singular vocative)
Andorrae (locative singular)

(New Latin) Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Andorra

Prinċipat ta’ Andorra
Prinċipat ta' Andorra#Maltese

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France; official name: Prinċipat ta’ Andorra)


Andorra

Andorră (accusative indefinite nominative)
Andorra (accusative definite nominative)
Andorre (indefinite)
Andorrei (definite)
Andorră (vocative)
Andorro (vocative)


Andorra

sk-proper noun

Andorra n (relational adjective andorrský, demonym Andorrčan, female demonym Andorrčanka)

andorrský (adjective relational)
Andorrčan (demonym)
Andorrčanka (demonym feminine)
Andorra (nominative singular-only)
Andorry (genitive singular-only)
Andorre (dative singular-only)
Andorru (accusative singular-only)
Andorre (locative singular-only)
Andorrou (instrumental singular-only)


Andorra

Probably from a Basque word andurrial (“shrub-covered land”), but it may come from Arabic الدُرَّا (ad-durrā, “the forest”).


Andorra

Andorra Prensliği
Andorra Prensliği#Turkish

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France; official name: Andorra Prensliği)


Andorra

Andorra (nominative singular-only)
Andorrany (accusative singular-only)
Andorranyň (genitive singular-only)
Andorrā (dative singular-only)
Andorrada (locative singular-only)
Andorradan (ablative singular-only)


Andorra

Andorra (nominative singular)
Andorralar (nominative plural)
Andorraning (genitive singular)
Andorralarning (genitive plural)
Andorraga (dative singular)
Andorralarga (dative plural)
Andorrani (accusative definite singular)
Andorralarni (accusative definite plural)
Andorrada (locative singular)
Andorralarda (locative plural)
Andorradan (ablative singular)
Andorralardan (ablative plural)
Andorradek (singular)
Andorralardek (plural)
Andorram (nominative possessive singular)
Andorralarim (nominative plural possessive)
Andorramning (genitive possessive singular)
Andorralarimning (genitive plural possessive)
Andorramga (dative possessive singular)
Andorralarimga (dative plural possessive)
Andorramni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Andorralarimni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Andorramda (locative possessive singular)
Andorralarimda (locative plural possessive)
Andorramdan (ablative possessive singular)
Andorralarimdan (ablative plural possessive)
Andorramdek (possessive singular)
Andorralarimdek (plural possessive)
Andorrang (nominative possessive singular)
Andorralaring (nominative plural possessive)
Andorrangning (genitive possessive singular)
Andorralaringning (genitive plural possessive)
Andorrangga (dative possessive singular)
Andorralaringga (dative plural possessive)
Andorrangni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Andorralaringni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Andorrangda (locative possessive singular)
Andorralaringda (locative plural possessive)
Andorrangdan (ablative possessive singular)
Andorralaringdan (ablative plural possessive)
Andorrangdek (possessive singular)
Andorralaringdek (plural possessive)
Andorrasi (nominative possessive singular)
Andorralari (nominative plural possessive)
Andorrasining (genitive possessive singular)
Andorralarining (genitive plural possessive)
Andorrasiga (dative possessive singular)
Andorralariga (dative plural possessive)
Andorrasini (accusative definite possessive singular)
Andorralarini (accusative definite plural possessive)
Andorrasida (locative possessive singular)
Andorralarida (locative plural possessive)
Andorrasidan (ablative possessive singular)
Andorralaridan (ablative plural possessive)
Andorrasidek (possessive singular)
Andorralaridek (plural possessive)
Andorramiz (nominative possessive singular)
Andorralarimiz (nominative plural possessive)
Andorramizning (genitive possessive singular)
Andorralarimizning (genitive plural possessive)
Andorramizga (dative possessive singular)
Andorralarimizga (dative plural possessive)
Andorramizni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Andorralarimizni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Andorramizda (locative possessive singular)
Andorralarimizda (locative plural possessive)
Andorramizdan (ablative possessive singular)
Andorralarimizdan (ablative plural possessive)
Andorramizdek (possessive singular)
Andorralarimizdek (plural possessive)
Andorrangiz (nominative possessive singular)
Andorralaringiz (nominative plural possessive)
Andorrangizning (genitive possessive singular)
Andorralaringizning (genitive plural possessive)
Andorrangizga (dative possessive singular)
Andorralaringizga (dative plural possessive)
Andorrangizni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Andorralaringizni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Andorrangizda (locative possessive singular)
Andorralaringizda (locative plural possessive)
Andorrangizdan (ablative possessive singular)
Andorralaringizdan (ablative plural possessive)
Andorrangizdek (possessive singular)
Andorralaringizdek (plural possessive)
Andorrasidek (possessive)
Andorralaridek (possessive)


Afghanistan

/æfˈɡɑːn.ɪˌstɑːn/

/æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstɑːn/

From Classical Persian افغانستان (Afğānistān), from افغان (Afğân, “the Afghan, the Afghans”) + ـستان (-estân, “-istan: land of”).

bor

Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan#English

A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia. Official name: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Capital and largest city: Kabul.

Афга́н

in reference to the 1979–1989 Afghan war


Afghanistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; capital: Kaboel)


Afghanistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Afghanistan

Ultimately from Classical Persian افغانستان (afğānistān).

der

aller en Afghanistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; capital: Kaboul)


Afghanistan

de-proper noun

Afghanistan n (proper noun, genitive Afghanistans or (optionally with an article) Afghanistan)

Afghanistans (genitive)
Afghanistan (genitive with-article)


Afghanistan

(Jersey) Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Antigua and Barbuda

desc

アンティグア・バーブーダ

→ Japanese: アンティグア・バーブーダ (Antigua Bābūda) (calque)

A country in the Caribbean, consisting of the islands of Antigua and Barbuda.


Albania

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Albānia, from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).

However, word-final unstressed schwa is deleted even by the speakers from South Albania, though to different degrees and dependant on the speech style[…]

2006 April 27, Sylvia Moosmüller, Theodor Granser, “The spread of Standard Albanian: An illustration based on an analysis of vowels”, in Language Variation and Change, volume 18, number 2, Cambridge University Press, →DOI:

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Republic of Albania
Republic of Albania#English

A country in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Albania. Capital and largest city: Tirana.


Albania

Albania (absolutive indefinite)
Albaniak (ergative indefinite)
Albaniari (dative indefinite)
Albaniaren (genitive indefinite)
Albaniarekin (comitative indefinite)
Albaniarengatik (causative indefinite)
Albaniarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Albaniaz (indefinite instrumental)
Albanian (indefinite inessive)
Albaniako (indefinite locative)
Albaniara (allative indefinite)
Albaniaraino (indefinite terminative)
Albaniarantz (directive indefinite)
Albaniarako (destinative indefinite)
Albaniatik (ablative indefinite)
Albaniarik (indefinite partitive)
Albaniatzat (indefinite prolative)


Albania

Albania (nominative singular)
Albania (accusative nominative singular)
Albanian (accusative genitive singular)
Albanian (genitive singular)
Albaniaa (partitive singular)
Albaniassa (inessive singular)
Albaniasta (elative singular)
Albaniaan (illative singular)
Albanialla (adessive singular)
Albanialta (ablative singular)
Albanialle (allative singular)
Albaniana (essive singular)
Albaniaksi (singular translative)
Albaniatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Albaniani (nominative singular)
Albaniani (accusative nominative singular)
Albaniani (accusative genitive singular)
Albaniani (genitive singular)
Albaniaani (partitive singular)
Albaniassani (inessive singular)
Albaniastani (elative singular)
Albaniaani (illative singular)
Albaniallani (adessive singular)
Albanialtani (ablative singular)
Albanialleni (allative singular)
Albanianani (essive singular)
Albaniakseni (singular translative)
Albaniattani (abessive singular)
Albaniasi (nominative singular)
Albaniasi (accusative nominative singular)
Albaniasi (accusative genitive singular)
Albaniasi (genitive singular)
Albaniaasi (partitive singular)
Albaniassasi (inessive singular)
Albaniastasi (elative singular)
Albaniaasi (illative singular)
Albaniallasi (adessive singular)
Albanialtasi (ablative singular)
Albaniallesi (allative singular)
Albanianasi (essive singular)
Albaniaksesi (singular translative)
Albaniattasi (abessive singular)
Albaniamme (nominative singular)
Albaniamme (accusative nominative singular)
Albaniamme (accusative genitive singular)
Albaniamme (genitive singular)
Albaniaamme (partitive singular)
Albaniassamme (inessive singular)
Albaniastamme (elative singular)
Albaniaamme (illative singular)
Albaniallamme (adessive singular)
Albanialtamme (ablative singular)
Albaniallemme (allative singular)
Albanianamme (essive singular)
Albaniaksemme (singular translative)
Albaniattamme (abessive singular)
Albanianne (nominative singular)
Albanianne (accusative nominative singular)
Albanianne (accusative genitive singular)
Albanianne (genitive singular)
Albaniaanne (partitive singular)
Albaniassanne (inessive singular)
Albaniastanne (elative singular)
Albaniaanne (illative singular)
Albaniallanne (adessive singular)
Albanialtanne (ablative singular)
Albaniallenne (allative singular)
Albaniananne (essive singular)
Albaniaksenne (singular translative)
Albaniattanne (abessive singular)
Albaniansa (nominative singular)
Albaniansa (accusative nominative singular)
Albaniansa (accusative genitive singular)
Albaniansa (genitive singular)
Albaniaansa (partitive singular)
Albaniassaan (inessive singular)
Albaniassansa (inessive singular)
Albaniastaan (elative singular)
Albaniastansa (elative singular)
Albaniaansa (illative singular)
Albaniallaan (adessive singular)
Albaniallansa (adessive singular)
Albanialtaan (ablative singular)
Albanialtansa (ablative singular)
Albanialleen (allative singular)
Albaniallensa (allative singular)
Albanianaan (essive singular)
Albanianansa (essive singular)
Albaniakseen (singular translative)
Albaniaksensa (singular translative)
Albaniattaan (abessive singular)
Albaniattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈɑ̝lbɑ̝(ː)ˌniɑ̝]

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).


Albania

From Dutch Albanië, from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).


Albania

la-proper noun

Albānia f sg (genitive Albāniae); first declension

Albānia (canonical feminine singular)
Albāniae (genitive)
Albānia (nominative singular)
Albāniae (genitive singular)
Albāniae (dative singular)
Albāniam (accusative singular)
Albāniā (ablative singular)
Albānia (singular vocative)

⇒ Russian: Алба́нія (Albánija) (Pre-reform orthography (1918)), Алба́ния (Albánija)

[äɫ̪ˈbäːniä]

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía) (or Old Irish Albu, Albain, Alban for the "Scotland" sense).

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Albania (a country in Southeast Europe)


Albania

From English Albania, from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).


Albania

albański (adjective)
Albania (nominative singular)
Albanii (genitive singular)
Albanii (dative singular)
Albanię (accusative singular)
Albanią (instrumental singular)
Albanii (locative singular)
Albanio (singular vocative)

Derived from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).


Albania

head

Albania f (genitive and dative Albaniei)

Albaniei (dative genitive)
Albanie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Albania (accusative definite nominative)
Albanii (indefinite)
Albaniei (definite)
Albanie (vocative)
Albanio (vocative)

Republica Albania
Republica Albania#Romanian

Albania (a country in Southeast Europe; official name: Republica Albania)


Albania

→ Tagalog: Albanya

Albania (a country in Southeast Europe; capital: Tirana)


Albania

Albania (nominative)
Albanianıñ (genitive)
Albaniaga (dative)
Albanianı (accusative)
Albaniada (locative)
Albaniadan (ablative)

Албания Албания#Tatar

Latin spelling of Албания (Albaniyä): Albania (a country in Southeast Europe)


Armenia

From Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more. The Old Persian name is an exonym: see հայ (hay) for the native name. Attested in English since late 14th century.

In the Caucasian republics, 100,000 Azerbaijanis, 30,000 Georgians, and tens of thousands of Armenians were imprisoned, tortured, or killed under Stalin, with Armenia's prisons so full at some points that basements of government buildings were converted into makeshift jails.

1992, Richard Nixon, “The Former Evil Empire”, in Seize the Moment, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 57:

Republic of Armenia
Republic of Armenia#English

A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe. Official name: Republic of Armenia. Capital: Yerevan.


Armenia

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Armenia

Armenia (absolutive indefinite)
Armeniak (ergative indefinite)
Armeniari (dative indefinite)
Armeniaren (genitive indefinite)
Armeniarekin (comitative indefinite)
Armeniarengatik (causative indefinite)
Armeniarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Armeniaz (indefinite instrumental)
Armenian (indefinite inessive)
Armeniako (indefinite locative)
Armeniara (allative indefinite)
Armeniaraino (indefinite terminative)
Armeniarantz (directive indefinite)
Armeniarako (destinative indefinite)
Armeniatik (ablative indefinite)
Armeniarik (indefinite partitive)
Armeniatzat (indefinite prolative)

Borrowed from Spanish Armenia (“Armenia”).


Armenia

Armenia (nominative singular)
Armenia (accusative nominative singular)
Armenian (accusative genitive singular)
Armenian (genitive singular)
Armeniaa (partitive singular)
Armeniassa (inessive singular)
Armeniasta (elative singular)
Armeniaan (illative singular)
Armenialla (adessive singular)
Armenialta (ablative singular)
Armenialle (allative singular)
Armeniana (essive singular)
Armeniaksi (singular translative)
Armeniatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Armeniani (nominative singular)
Armeniani (accusative nominative singular)
Armeniani (accusative genitive singular)
Armeniani (genitive singular)
Armeniaani (partitive singular)
Armeniassani (inessive singular)
Armeniastani (elative singular)
Armeniaani (illative singular)
Armeniallani (adessive singular)
Armenialtani (ablative singular)
Armenialleni (allative singular)
Armenianani (essive singular)
Armeniakseni (singular translative)
Armeniattani (abessive singular)
Armeniasi (nominative singular)
Armeniasi (accusative nominative singular)
Armeniasi (accusative genitive singular)
Armeniasi (genitive singular)
Armeniaasi (partitive singular)
Armeniassasi (inessive singular)
Armeniastasi (elative singular)
Armeniaasi (illative singular)
Armeniallasi (adessive singular)
Armenialtasi (ablative singular)
Armeniallesi (allative singular)
Armenianasi (essive singular)
Armeniaksesi (singular translative)
Armeniattasi (abessive singular)
Armeniamme (nominative singular)
Armeniamme (accusative nominative singular)
Armeniamme (accusative genitive singular)
Armeniamme (genitive singular)
Armeniaamme (partitive singular)
Armeniassamme (inessive singular)
Armeniastamme (elative singular)
Armeniaamme (illative singular)
Armeniallamme (adessive singular)
Armenialtamme (ablative singular)
Armeniallemme (allative singular)
Armenianamme (essive singular)
Armeniaksemme (singular translative)
Armeniattamme (abessive singular)
Armenianne (nominative singular)
Armenianne (accusative nominative singular)
Armenianne (accusative genitive singular)
Armenianne (genitive singular)
Armeniaanne (partitive singular)
Armeniassanne (inessive singular)
Armeniastanne (elative singular)
Armeniaanne (illative singular)
Armeniallanne (adessive singular)
Armenialtanne (ablative singular)
Armeniallenne (allative singular)
Armeniananne (essive singular)
Armeniaksenne (singular translative)
Armeniattanne (abessive singular)
Armeniansa (nominative singular)
Armeniansa (accusative nominative singular)
Armeniansa (accusative genitive singular)
Armeniansa (genitive singular)
Armeniaansa (partitive singular)
Armeniassaan (inessive singular)
Armeniassansa (inessive singular)
Armeniastaan (elative singular)
Armeniastansa (elative singular)
Armeniaansa (illative singular)
Armeniallaan (adessive singular)
Armeniallansa (adessive singular)
Armenialtaan (ablative singular)
Armenialtansa (ablative singular)
Armenialleen (allative singular)
Armeniallensa (allative singular)
Armenianaan (essive singular)
Armenianansa (essive singular)
Armeniakseen (singular translative)
Armeniaksensa (singular translative)
Armeniattaan (abessive singular)
Armeniattansa (abessive singular)

From Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía).

Armenian tasavalta


Armenia

Ultimately from Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more.


Armenia

la-proper noun

Armenia f sg (genitive Armeniae); first declension

Armeniae (genitive)
Armenia (nominative singular)
Armeniae (genitive singular)
Armeniae (dative singular)
Armeniam (accusative singular)
Armeniā (ablative singular)
Armenia (singular vocative)
Armeniae (locative singular)

→ English: Armenia

French: Arménie

Italian: Armenia

Portuguese: Arménia, Armênia (Brazil)

Spanish: Armenia

(New Latin) Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Armenia

From English Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/).


Armenia

Armenia (nominative singular)
Armenie (nominative plural)
Armenii (genitive singular)
Armenii (genitive plural)
Armenij (archaic genitive plural)
Armenii (dative singular)
Armeniom (dative plural)
Armenię (accusative singular)
Armenie (accusative plural)
Armenią (instrumental singular)
Armeniami (instrumental plural)
Armenii (locative singular)
Armeniach (locative plural)
Armenio (singular vocative)
Armenie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/).


Armenia

Armenie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Armenia (accusative definite nominative)
Armenii (indefinite)
Armeniei (definite)
Armenie (vocative)
Armenio (vocative)

Borrowed from Latin Armenia. By surface analysis, armean + -ia.


Angola

→ Gujarati: અંગોલા (aṅgolā)

→ Welsh: Angola

From Portuguese (Reino de) Angola (“(kingdom of) Angola”), from Kimbundu ngola, title held by native kings at the time of the Portuguese colonization in the 15th century AD. Compare Kituba ngolo (“strength”).
The Louisiana State Penitentiary is named "Angola" after the Angola slave plantation it replaced, which was named after the country, from which many enslaved people in Louisiana had been taken.

bor

Republic of Angola
Republic of Angola#English

A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Angola. Capital and largest city: Luanda.

(historical) A former colony of Portugal, Portuguese Angola, also known as Portuguese West Africa and officially the State of West Africa, from 1575 to 1975.

The People's Republic of Angola, from 1975 to 1992


Angola

Republiek van Angola
Republiek van Angola#Afrikaans

Angola (a country in Southern Africa; official name: Republiek van Angola; capital: Luanda)


Angola

Angola (absolutive indefinite)
Angolak (ergative indefinite)
Angolari (dative indefinite)
Angolaren (genitive indefinite)
Angolarekin (comitative indefinite)
Angolarengatik (causative indefinite)
Angolarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Angolaz (indefinite instrumental)
Angolan (indefinite inessive)
Angolako (indefinite locative)
Angolara (allative indefinite)
Angolaraino (indefinite terminative)
Angolarantz (directive indefinite)
Angolarako (destinative indefinite)
Angolatik (ablative indefinite)
Angolarik (indefinite partitive)
Angolatzat (indefinite prolative)

Borrowed from Spanish Angola (“Angola”).