S'aksamaa

S'aksamaa (genitive S'aksamaa, partitive S'aksamaad)

S'aksamaa (genitive)
S'aksamaad (partitive)
S'aksamaa (nominative singular)
S'aksamaa (accusative singular)
S'aksamaa (genitive singular)
S'aksamaad (partitive singular)
S'aksamaahõ (illative singular)
S'aksamaahtõ (illative singular)
S'aksamaan (inessive singular)
S'aksamaahn (inessive singular)
S'aksamaast (elative singular)
S'aksamaalõ (allative singular)
S'aksamaal (adessive singular)
S'aksamaalt (ablative singular)
S'aksamaas (singular translative)
S'aksamaaniq (singular terminative)
S'aksamaaldaq (abessive singular)
S'aksamaagaq (comitative singular)

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Sloveenia

Sloveenia (nominative singular)
Sloveenia (accusative nominative singular)
Sloveenia (accusative genitive singular)
Sloveenia (genitive singular)
Sloveeniat (partitive singular)
Sloveeniasse (illative singular)
Sloveenias (inessive singular)
Sloveeniast (elative singular)
Sloveeniale (allative singular)
Sloveenial (adessive singular)
Sloveenialt (ablative singular)
Sloveeniaks (singular translative)
Sloveeniani (singular terminative)
Sloveeniana (essive singular)
Sloveeniata (abessive singular)
Sloveeniaga (comitative singular)

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Sloveeniä

head

Sloveeniä (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Soomõ

Soomõ (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Tšehhi

Tšehhi (nominative singular)
Tšehhid (nominative plural)
Tšehhi (accusative nominative singular)
Tšehhid (accusative nominative plural)
Tšehhi (accusative genitive singular)
Tšehhid (accusative genitive plural)
Tšehhi (genitive singular)
Tšehhide (genitive plural)
Tšehhit (partitive singular)
Tšehhisid (partitive plural)
Tšehhisse (illative singular)
Tšehhidesse (illative plural)
Tšehhis (inessive singular)
Tšehhides (inessive plural)
Tšehhist (elative singular)
Tšehhidest (elative plural)
Tšehhile (allative singular)
Tšehhidele (allative plural)
Tšehhil (adessive singular)
Tšehhidel (adessive plural)
Tšehhilt (ablative singular)
Tšehhidelt (ablative plural)
Tšehhiks (singular translative)
Tšehhideks (plural translative)
Tšehhini (singular terminative)
Tšehhideni (plural terminative)
Tšehhina (essive singular)
Tšehhidena (essive plural)
Tšehhita (abessive singular)
Tšehhideta (abessive plural)
Tšehhiga (comitative singular)
Tšehhidega (comitative plural)

Tšehhi Vabariik
Tšehhi Vabariik#Estonian

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe; official name: Tšehhi Vabariik)


Tsehhi

Tsehhi (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


Valgõvinne

Valgõvinne (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Bosnia ja Hertsegovina

Bosnia ja Hertsegovina (nominative singular)
Bosnia ja Hertsegovina (accusative nominative singular)
Bosnian ja Hertsegovinan (accusative genitive singular)
Bosnian ja Hertsegovinan (genitive singular)
Bosniaa ja Hertsegovinaa (partitive singular)
Bosniassa ja Hertsegovinassa (inessive singular)
Bosniasta ja Hertsegovinasta (elative singular)
Bosniaan ja Hertsegovinaan (illative singular)
Bosnialla ja Hertsegovinalla (adessive singular)
Bosnialta ja Hertsegovinalta (ablative singular)
Bosnialle ja Hertsegovinalle (allative singular)
Bosniana ja Hertsegovinana (essive singular)
Bosniaksi ja Hertsegovinaksi (singular translative)
Bosniatta ja Hertsegovinatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Bosniani ja Hertsegovinani (nominative singular)
Bosniani ja Hertsegovinani (accusative nominative singular)
Bosniani ja Hertsegovinani (accusative genitive singular)
Bosniani ja Hertsegovinani (genitive singular)
Bosniaani ja Hertsegovinaani (partitive singular)
Bosniassani ja Hertsegovinassani (inessive singular)
Bosniastani ja Hertsegovinastani (elative singular)
Bosniaani ja Hertsegovinaani (illative singular)
Bosniallani ja Hertsegovinallani (adessive singular)
Bosnialtani ja Hertsegovinaltani (ablative singular)
Bosnialleni ja Hertsegovinalleni (allative singular)
Bosnianani ja Hertsegovinanani (essive singular)
Bosniakseni ja Hertsegovinakseni (singular translative)
Bosniattani ja Hertsegovinattani (abessive singular)
Bosniasi ja Hertsegovinasi (nominative singular)
Bosniasi ja Hertsegovinasi (accusative nominative singular)
Bosniasi ja Hertsegovinasi (accusative genitive singular)
Bosniasi ja Hertsegovinasi (genitive singular)
Bosniaasi ja Hertsegovinaasi (partitive singular)
Bosniassasi ja Hertsegovinassasi (inessive singular)
Bosniastasi ja Hertsegovinastasi (elative singular)
Bosniaasi ja Hertsegovinaasi (illative singular)
Bosniallasi ja Hertsegovinallasi (adessive singular)
Bosnialtasi ja Hertsegovinaltasi (ablative singular)
Bosniallesi ja Hertsegovinallesi (allative singular)
Bosnianasi ja Hertsegovinanasi (essive singular)
Bosniaksesi ja Hertsegovinaksesi (singular translative)
Bosniattasi ja Hertsegovinattasi (abessive singular)
Bosniamme ja Hertsegovinamme (nominative singular)
Bosniamme ja Hertsegovinamme (accusative nominative singular)
Bosniamme ja Hertsegovinamme (accusative genitive singular)
Bosniamme ja Hertsegovinamme (genitive singular)
Bosniaamme ja Hertsegovinaamme (partitive singular)
Bosniassamme ja Hertsegovinassamme (inessive singular)
Bosniastamme ja Hertsegovinastamme (elative singular)
Bosniaamme ja Hertsegovinaamme (illative singular)
Bosniallamme ja Hertsegovinallamme (adessive singular)
Bosnialtamme ja Hertsegovinaltamme (ablative singular)
Bosniallemme ja Hertsegovinallemme (allative singular)
Bosnianamme ja Hertsegovinanamme (essive singular)
Bosniaksemme ja Hertsegovinaksemme (singular translative)
Bosniattamme ja Hertsegovinattamme (abessive singular)
Bosnianne ja Hertsegovinanne (nominative singular)
Bosnianne ja Hertsegovinanne (accusative nominative singular)
Bosnianne ja Hertsegovinanne (accusative genitive singular)
Bosnianne ja Hertsegovinanne (genitive singular)
Bosniaanne ja Hertsegovinaanne (partitive singular)
Bosniassanne ja Hertsegovinassanne (inessive singular)
Bosniastanne ja Hertsegovinastanne (elative singular)
Bosniaanne ja Hertsegovinaanne (illative singular)
Bosniallanne ja Hertsegovinallanne (adessive singular)
Bosnialtanne ja Hertsegovinaltanne (ablative singular)
Bosniallenne ja Hertsegovinallenne (allative singular)
Bosniananne ja Hertsegovinananne (essive singular)
Bosniaksenne ja Hertsegovinaksenne (singular translative)
Bosniattanne ja Hertsegovinattanne (abessive singular)
Bosniansa ja Hertsegovinansa (nominative singular)
Bosniansa ja Hertsegovinansa (accusative nominative singular)
Bosniansa ja Hertsegovinansa (accusative genitive singular)
Bosniansa ja Hertsegovinansa (genitive singular)
Bosniaansa ja Hertsegovinaansa (partitive singular)
Bosniassaan ja Hertsegovinassaan (inessive singular)
Bosniassaan ja Hertsegovinassansa (inessive singular)
Bosniassansa ja Hertsegovinassaan (inessive singular)
Bosniassansa ja Hertsegovinassansa (inessive singular)
Bosniastaan ja Hertsegovinastaan (elative singular)
Bosniastaan ja Hertsegovinastansa (elative singular)
Bosniastansa ja Hertsegovinastaan (elative singular)
Bosniastansa ja Hertsegovinastansa (elative singular)
Bosniaansa ja Hertsegovinaansa (illative singular)
Bosniallaan ja Hertsegovinallaan (adessive singular)
Bosniallaan ja Hertsegovinallansa (adessive singular)
Bosniallansa ja Hertsegovinallaan (adessive singular)
Bosniallansa ja Hertsegovinallansa (adessive singular)
Bosnialtaan ja Hertsegovinaltaan (ablative singular)
Bosnialtaan ja Hertsegovinaltansa (ablative singular)
Bosnialtansa ja Hertsegovinaltaan (ablative singular)
Bosnialtansa ja Hertsegovinaltansa (ablative singular)
Bosnialleen ja Hertsegovinalleen (allative singular)
Bosnialleen ja Hertsegovinallensa (allative singular)
Bosniallensa ja Hertsegovinalleen (allative singular)
Bosniallensa ja Hertsegovinallensa (allative singular)
Bosnianaan ja Hertsegovinanaan (essive singular)
Bosnianaan ja Hertsegovinanansa (essive singular)
Bosnianansa ja Hertsegovinanaan (essive singular)
Bosnianansa ja Hertsegovinanansa (essive singular)
Bosniakseen ja Hertsegovinakseen (singular translative)
Bosniakseen ja Hertsegovinaksensa (singular translative)
Bosniaksensa ja Hertsegovinakseen (singular translative)
Bosniaksensa ja Hertsegovinaksensa (singular translative)
Bosniattaan ja Hertsegovinattaan (abessive singular)
Bosniattaan ja Hertsegovinattansa (abessive singular)
Bosniattansa ja Hertsegovinattaan (abessive singular)
Bosniattansa ja Hertsegovinattansa (abessive singular)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Ameerika Ühendriigid

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


Ameeriga Ütisriigiq

Ameeriga Ütisriigiq (genitive Ameeriga Ütisriike, partitive Ameeriga Ütisriike)

Ameeriga Ütisriike (genitive)
Ameeriga Ütisriike (partitive)
Ameeriga Ütisriigiq (nominative plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriigiq (accusative plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriike (genitive plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriike (partitive plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriike (illative plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriikehe (illative plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriigen (inessive plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriigehn (inessive plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriigest (elative plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriigele (allative plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriigel (adessive plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriigelt (ablative plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriiges (plural translative)
Ameeriga Ütisriigeniq (plural terminative)
Ameeriga Ütisriigeldäq (abessive plural)
Ameeriga Ütisriikegäq (comitative plural)


Alžeeriä

Alžeeriä (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Araabia Ütisemiraadiq

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Armeeniä

Armeeniä (genitive Armeeniä, partitive Armeeniät)

Armeeniä (genitive)
Armeeniät (partitive)
Armeeniä (nominative singular)
Armeeniä (accusative singular)
Armeeniä (genitive singular)
Armeeniät (partitive singular)
Armeeniähe (illative singular)
Armeeniän (inessive singular)
Armeeniähn (inessive singular)
Armeeniäst (elative singular)
Armeeniäle (allative singular)
Armeeniäl (adessive singular)
Armeeniält (ablative singular)
Armeeniäs (singular translative)
Armeeniäniq (singular terminative)
Armeeniäldäq (abessive singular)
Armeeniägäq (comitative singular)

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Asõrbaidžaan

Asõrbaidžaan (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Egiptus

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Egüptüs

Egüptüs (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Filipiinid

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Filipiiniq

Filipiiniq (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Ida-Timor

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


Hummogu-Timor

Hummogu-Timor (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Indoneesiä

Indoneesiä (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Kamõrun

Kamõrun (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Kasahstan

Kasahstan (nominative singular)
Kasahstanid (nominative plural)
Kasahstan (accusative nominative singular)
Kasahstanid (accusative nominative plural)
Kasahstani (accusative genitive singular)
Kasahstanid (accusative genitive plural)
Kasahstani (genitive singular)
Kasahstanide (genitive plural)
Kasahstani (partitive singular)
Kasahstane (partitive plural)
Kasahstanisid (partitive plural)
Kasahstani (illative singular)
Kasahstanisse (illative singular)
Kasahstanidesse (illative plural)
Kasahstanesse (illative plural)
Kasahstanis (inessive singular)
Kasahstanides (inessive plural)
Kasahstanes (inessive plural)
Kasahstanist (elative singular)
Kasahstanidest (elative plural)
Kasahstanest (elative plural)
Kasahstanile (allative singular)
Kasahstanidele (allative plural)
Kasahstanele (allative plural)
Kasahstanil (adessive singular)
Kasahstanidel (adessive plural)
Kasahstanel (adessive plural)
Kasahstanilt (ablative singular)
Kasahstanidelt (ablative plural)
Kasahstanelt (ablative plural)
Kasahstaniks (singular translative)
Kasahstanideks (plural translative)
Kasahstaneks (plural translative)
Kasahstanini (singular terminative)
Kasahstanideni (plural terminative)
Kasahstanina (essive singular)
Kasahstanidena (essive plural)
Kasahstanita (abessive singular)
Kasahstanideta (abessive plural)
Kasahstaniga (comitative singular)
Kasahstanidega (comitative plural)

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Kasastan

Kasastan (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


Iirimaa

Iirimaa (genitive Iirimaa, partitive Iirimaad)

Iirimaa (genitive)
Iirimaad (partitive)
Iirimaa (nominative singular)
Iirimaa (accusative nominative singular)
Iirimaa (accusative genitive singular)
Iirimaa (genitive singular)
Iirimaad (partitive singular)
Iirimaasse (illative singular)
Iirimaas (inessive singular)
Iirimaast (elative singular)
Iirimaale (allative singular)
Iirimaal (adessive singular)
Iirimaalt (ablative singular)
Iirimaaks (singular translative)
Iirimaani (singular terminative)
Iirimaana (essive singular)
Iirimaata (abessive singular)
Iirimaaga (comitative singular)


合衆国

合衆国 (canonical)
Gasshūkoku (romanization)

[ɡa̠ɕːɨːko̞kɯ̟]

From Literary Chinese 合眾國 (hézhòngguó), from 合 (“union”) + 眾國 (“democratic state”), which is a calque of English United States, probably coined by Elijah Coleman Bridgman before 1844. Soon rebracketed as 合衆(がっしゅう) (gasshū, “assembly of people”) and 国(こく) (koku, “state”).

lang

訳語の意味変動 ― 日中韓における「合衆」

訳語の意味変動 ― 日中韓における「合衆」

第4回 漢字文化圏近代語研究会

第4回 漢字文化圏近代語研究会

ja-r

アメリカ合衆国 アメリカ合衆国#Japanese

Short for アメリカ合衆国 (Amerika Gasshūkoku): United States of America (a country in North America)

北米合衆国

北米合衆国 ほくべいがっしゅうこく


ソビエト連邦

ソビエト連邦 (canonical)
Sobieto Renpō (romanization)

ソビエト (sobieto, “soviet”) + 連邦 (renpō, “union; federation; confederation”)
連 is a daiyōji replacing 聯.

af

ソビエト社会主義共和国連邦 ソビエト社会主義共和国連邦#Japanese

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

(historical) Short for ソビエト社会主義共和国連邦 (Sobieto Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku Renpō, “Union of Soviet Socialist Republics”); Soviet Union (a former country)


ソマリア

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


ベナン

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


フィンランド

[ɸʲĩn̺ɾã̠ndo̞]

2001 January 23, Masami Kurumada, “黄金(ゴールド)聖衣(クロス)の巻(まき) [Gold Cloths]”, in Saint(セイント)星(セイ)矢(ヤ) [Saint Seiya], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 106:

I’m back, Miss. The 7th Cloth has arrived from Finland.

お嬢さま ただいま フィンランドより７つめの聖衣がとどきました

Ojō-sama tadaima Finrando yori nanatsume no Kurosu ga todokimashita


إنجلترا

ar-proper noun

إِنْجِلْتِرَا

إِنْجِلْتِرَا

إِنْجِلْتِرَا • (ʔingiltirā or ʔinjiltirā) f

إِنْجِلْتِرَا (canonical)
ʔingiltirā (romanization)
ʔinjiltirā (romanization)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (definite informal invariable singular)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (definite informal invariable singular)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (definite genitive invariable singular)
إِنْجِلْتِرَا (definite genitive invariable singular)

ar-decl-noun

إِنْجِلْتِرَا

إِنْجِلْتِرَا


Prydain

Prydain
Brydain (soft)
Mhrydain
Phrydain

From Middle Welsh Prydein, from early Proto-Brythonic *Pritanī, a variant of *Pritenī, which survives in Prydyn (“Picts”) and as an early borrowing in Old Irish Cruthin, Irish Cruithne (“Picts”), perhaps from a Proto-Celtic *Kʷritanī, *Kʷritenī, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do”).
The Modern Welsh continuation of Latin Brittānia, in contrast, is Brython. Also see Britto (“a Briton”).

Maen nhw'n byw ym Mhrydain Fawr.


印度

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (印度):
* → Japanese: 印度(インド) (Indo)
* → Korean: 인도(印度) (Indo)
* → Vietnamese: Ấn Độ (印度)

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/in⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰu⁵³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nou²⁴²/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tou¹¹/

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/in⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰu⁵³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nou²⁴²/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tou¹¹/

A transcription of an exonym for India during the Tang dynasty.
Introduced by Xuanzang (a Chinese Buddhist monk who had travelled to India) in his book The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions [646 CE], Xuanzang proposed that this “correct” name be used, in preference to the many other alternative names for India:
:
This Tang-dynasty transcription reflected a source form of *In-du or *In-dak, although the source language is unclear. It is unlikely to be an endonym used by the Indians, who ― as Xuanzang described ― used the names of the local states. Later in the same passage, Xuanzang explained the name Yin-du as one of the many names for “Moon” (in India), evidently referring to the Sanskrit word इन्दु (indu, “Moon”). Xuanzang also explained that:
:
Although now deemed etymologically unsound, this was likely suggesting that the transcription Yin-du was a phono-semantic matching, to be interpreted literally as “trace (印 (yìn)) + transmigration (度)”.
The source language for this borrowing is unclear. The glottal-stop initial of the first syllable in this term is unusual; it is also reflected in 印特伽 (MC 'jinH dok gja), the Kuchean name for “India” recorded in Song Gaoseng Zhuan [988 CE]. On the basis of this, Wang et al. (2011: 8–9) proposed that Yin-du was borrowed from Tocharian B; compare Tocharian B yentuke (“Indian”), with a similar phonological shape.

When looking closely at the names for India (in the records), one finds that there are many different versions: formerly it was called Juandu, or Xiandou; but now (we should) follow the correct pronunciation, and adopt the name Yindu.

Xuanzang, Great Tang Records on the Western Regions, 646 CE

Xiáng fú Tiānzhú zhī chēng, yìyì jiūfēn, jiù yún Juāndú, huò yuē Xiándòu, jīn cóng zhèngyīn, yí yún Yìndù.

詳夫天竺之稱，異議糾紛，舊云身毒，或曰賢豆，今從正音，宜云印度。

详夫天竺之称，异议纠纷，旧云身毒，或曰贤豆，今从正音，宜云印度。

The Moon was a symbolism for endless transmigrations of all beings, and […] the name for India was derived from “Moon”, since the land of India featured a succession of sages and prophets who provided guidance to the common people and things, like the moonlight.

Yán zhū qúnshēng lúnhuí bùxī...... Yīn'ér pì yuè. Liáng yǐ qí tǔ shèngxián jì guǐ, dǎo fán yù wù, rú yuè zhàolín.

言諸群生輪迴不息……因而譬月。良以其土聖賢繼軌，導凡御物，如月照臨。

言诸群生轮回不息……因而譬月。良以其土圣贤继轨，导凡御物，如月照临。

印度商人


印度

chữ Hán form of Ấn Độ (“India (a country in South Asia)”).


イスラエル

[isɨɾa̠e̞ɾɯ̟]

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


イングランド

[ĩŋɡɯ̟ɾã̠ndo̞]


ウェールズ

ja-pos

ウェールズ • (Wēruzu)

[β̞e̞ːɾɯ̟zɨ]

ja:ウェールズ (曖昧さ回避)


ウガンダ

From English Uganda, from Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


ウズベキスタン

[ɯ̟zɨbe̞kʲisɨtã̠ɴ]


グルジア

[ɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ʑia̠]

From Russian Гру́зия (Grúzija). Officially displaced by ジョージア in April 2015. Compare Korean 그루지야 (Geurujiya).

lang

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

lj

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

ジョージア ジョージア#Japanese

(obsolete in formal contexts) Synonym of ジョージア: Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


スロヴェニア

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


チェコ

Clipping of チェコスロバキア (Chekosurobakia, “Czechoslovakia”), from English Czecho-. Compare Mandarin 捷克 (Jiékè), Korean 체코 (Cheko).

clipping

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


ネパール

[ne̞pa̠ːɾɯ̟]

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Noreg

Noreg (indefinite nominative)
Noreg (accusative indefinite)
Noregi (dative indefinite)
Noregs (genitive indefinite)

From Old Norse Norðvegr; Norð (“north”) + vegr (“way, road”).

Eg eri úr Noregi.

Norway (a country in Northern Europe; capital and largest city: Oslo)


Noreg

From Old Norse Noregr, from earlier *Norðvegr, from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way, road”).

Eg er frå Noreg.


馬來西亞

→ Zhuang: Majlaizsihya

ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄞˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄞˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˇ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/ᵐba²¹ lᵘɔi²² ɬai³³ a³³/

/ma²⁴ loi̯¹¹ si²⁴⁻¹¹ a²⁴/

/ma³³⁻²¹ l̃ai⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ a³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² se³³ a³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lai²³⁻³³ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sai³³⁻²³ a³³/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sai³³⁻²³ a³³/

/ma²² le⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

/mo²² le⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/ᵐba²¹ lᵘɔi²² ɬai³³ a³³/

/ma²⁴ loi̯¹¹ si²⁴⁻¹¹ a²⁴/

/ma³³⁻²¹ l̃ai⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ a³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² se³³ a³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lai²³⁻³³ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sai³³⁻²³ a³³/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sai³³⁻²³ a³³/

/ma²² le⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

/mo²² le⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

馬來

usage generally frowned upon by Malaysians


中華人民共和國

ja-r

中%華 人%民 共%和%国

^ちゅう%か ^じん%みん ^きょう%わ%こく

desc

^중화인민공화국(中華人民共和國)

CJKV/code

^ちゅう%か ^じん%みん ^きょう%わ%こく

中%華 人%民 共%和%国

Sino-Xenic (中華人民共和國):
* → Japanese: 中(ちゅう)華(か)人(じん)民(みん)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku)
* → Korean: 중화인민공화국(中華人民共和國) (Junghwainmin'gonghwaguk)

CJKV

中%華 人%民 共%和%国

^ちゅう%か ^じん%みん ^きょう%わ%こく

desc

→ Bouyei: Zungyhuaf Renfminf Gungqhofguef

→ Bouyei: Zungyhuaf Renfminf Gungqhofguef

→ Hlai: Dongxhwax Naengsmiens Gong'hwasgok

→ Zhuang: Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz

→ Vietnamese: Cộng hoà Nhân dân Trung Hoa (calque)

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Җунхуа Жынмин Гунхәгуә

Җунхуа Жынмин Гунхәгуй

doeng¹ hua² zing² ming² goeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶

dyeng¹ hua² zing² ming² gyeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Чжунхуа Жэньминь Гунхэго

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ ʐən³⁵ min³⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ xua²¹ zən²¹ min²¹ koŋ²¹³ xo²¹ kuɛ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ xua²⁴ ʐəŋ²⁴ miŋ²⁴ kuŋ²⁴ xə²⁴ kuə²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ xua²⁴ ʐəŋ²⁴ miŋ²⁴ kuŋ²⁴ xə²⁴ kuei²⁴/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹ jɐn²¹ mɐn²¹ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡suŋ⁴² fa³⁵ lɨn³⁵ min³⁵ kʰuŋ¹¹ fo³⁵ kuɛt̚⁵/

/t͡suŋ²⁴ fa¹¹ ŋin¹¹ min¹¹ kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ fo¹¹ ku̯et̚²/

/t͡suŋ¹¹ xua¹¹ t͡səŋ¹¹ miŋ¹¹ kuŋ⁴⁵ xuɤ¹¹ kuəʔ²/

/tɔŋ³³ ua²¹ neiŋ³³ meiŋ²¹ kɔŋ⁵⁵ ua²¹ ko²⁴/

/tyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³ iŋ⁵³ miŋ⁵³ kyŋ²⁴² ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uɔʔ²⁴/

doeng¹ hua² zing² ming² goeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶ [Phonetic:doeng⁵ hua² zing⁵ ming² goeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶]

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ hua¹³ t͡siŋ¹³⁻²¹ miŋ¹³ kœŋ²¹ hɒ¹³ kɒʔ¹/

doeng¹ hua² zing² ming² goeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶ [Phonetic:doeng⁵ ngua² zing⁵ ming² goeng⁵ ngor² gorh⁶]

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua¹³ t͡siŋ¹³⁻²¹ miŋ¹³ kœŋ²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɒ¹³ kɒʔ¹/

dyeng¹ hua² zing² ming² gyeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶ [Phonetic:dyeng⁵ hua² zing⁵ ming² gyeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶]

/tyøŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ hua¹³ t͡siŋ¹³⁻²¹ miŋ¹³ kyøŋ²¹ hɒ¹³ kɒʔ²/

dyeng¹ hua² zing² ming² gyeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶ [Phonetic:dyeng⁵ ngua² zing⁵ ming² gyeng⁵ ngor² gorh⁶]

/tyøŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua¹³ t͡siŋ¹³⁻²¹ miŋ¹³ kyøŋ²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɒ¹³ kɒʔ²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³ d͡zin¹³⁻²² bin¹³ kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ho¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³ zin²³⁻³³ bin²³ kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴ lin²⁴⁻¹¹ bin²⁴ kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴ lin²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴ kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tiɔŋ³³ hua²⁴ lin²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴ kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² hɔ²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ¹¹ hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/

tson^平 gho^去 zen^去 min^去 gon^去 wu^去 koh^入

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ ɦo³³ zən²² min³³ ɡoŋ²² ɦu⁵⁵ koʔ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ³³ ɸa̠¹³ ʐən¹³ min¹³ kʊŋ²¹⁻¹¹ xo¹³ ku̯ɤ̞²⁴/

/t͡sən³³ ɸa̠¹³ ʐən¹³ min¹³ kən²¹⁻¹¹ xo¹³ ku̯ɤ̞²⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ ua²¹ neiŋ³³ meiŋ²¹ kɔŋ⁵⁵ ua²¹ ko²⁴/

[Phonetic: doeng⁵ hua² zing⁵ ming² goeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶]

[Phonetic: doeng⁵ ngua² zing⁵ ming² goeng⁵ ngor² gorh⁶]

[Phonetic: dyeng⁵ hua² zing⁵ ming² gyeng⁵ hor² gorh⁶]

[Phonetic: dyeng⁵ ngua² zing⁵ ming² gyeng⁵ ngor² gorh⁶]

In 1949, Chairman Mao Zedong declared the founding of the People’s Republic of China.

1949 nián, Máo Zédōng zhǔxí xuāngào Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó chénglì.

1949年，毛澤東主席宣告中華人民共和國成立。

1949年，毛泽东主席宣告中华人民共和国成立。

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

People's Republic of China (the official name of China)


کنیا

head

کنیا • (kenyâ)

fa-proper noun

کنیا • (kenyâ)


Astràilia

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Ostair

An Ostair (canonical feminine)
na hOstaire (genitive)
nominative (indefinite)
Ostair (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a Ostair (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
Ostaire (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an Ostair (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na hOstaire (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an Ostair (definite singular)
don Ostair (definite singular)
Ostair
nOstair
hOstair

/ˈɔsˠt̪ˠəɾʲ/


پاکستان

head

پاکستان • (pākestān)


پاکستان

پاکستان • (pâkistân) m


پاکستان

پاکستان • (pâkestân)

fa-proper noun

پاکستان • (pâkestân)

[pʰɑː.kʰɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[pʰɑː.kʰɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[pʰɑː.kʰɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[pʰɒː.kʰʲes.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

Borrowed from Urdu پَاکِسْتَان (pākistān), itself from پاک (pāk) + ـِستَان (-istān). By surface analysis, پاک + ـِسْتان.

affix

پاک (pāk) + ـِستَان (-istān)


پاکستان

pa-proper noun

پاکستان • (pākistān) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ)

pākistān (romanization)
ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ (Gurmukhi)


پاکستان

ur-proper noun

پاکِسْتان • (pākistān) m (Hindi spelling पाकिस्तान)

پاکِسْتان (canonical)
pākistān (romanization)
पाकिस्तान (Hindi)

desc

→ Arabic: بَاكِسْتَان (bākistān), الْبَاكِسْتَان (al-bākistān)

→ English: Pakistan

→ Hindi: पाकिस्तान (pākistān)

→ Uzbek: Pokiston

→ Latin: Pācistānia, Pākistānia

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pewH-
Classical Persian پَاک (pāk)bor.
Urdu پَاک (pāk)
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáHnam
Middle Persian -stʾn'
Classical Persian ـِسْتَان (-istān)bor.
Urdu ـِسْتان (-istān)
Urdu پاکِسْتان (pākistān)
Coined by Choudhry Rahmat Ali as an acronym of Punjab, "Afghania", Kashmir, Sindh and Balochistan. The name is also analyzed as پاک (pāk, “pure”) + ـستان (-stān, “land”).

etymon

پاکِسْتان


中華民国

中華民国 (canonical)
Chūka Minkoku (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 中華民國 /中华民国 (Zhōnghuá Mínguó).


오스트레일리아

[o̞sʰɯtʰɯɾe̞iʎʎia̠]

Australia (a continent and country in Oceania)


エチオピア

1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing]”, in カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第一章, page 280:

I have come back from the expedition to Ethiopia. Due to some circumstances, I have been through quite some tough times along the way.

エチオピア遠征の帰路 事情あって道中に難儀をしております

Echiopia ensei no kiro Wakeatte dōchū ni nangi o shite orimasu


ナウル

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


モンテネグロ

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


モザンビーク

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


ミャンマー

ja-pos

ミャンマー • (Myanmā)


ナイジェリア

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


パラオ

Ultimately from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)


ガーナ

ガーナ • (Gāna)


パレスチナ

Learned borrowing from Latin Palaestīna.

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:パレスチナ
ja:松村明


ハンガリー

[hã̠ŋɡa̠ɾʲiː]


ギニアビサウ

[ɡʲiɲ̟ia̠ bʲisa̠ɯ̟]

Guinea-Bissau (a country in West Africa)


เมืองไทย

th-proper noun

เมืองไทย • (mʉʉang-tai)

From เมือง (mʉʉang, “nation”) + ไทย (tai, “Thai”), literally “Thai nation”. Compare Lao ເມືອງໄທ (mư̄ang thai); Lü ᦙᦵᦲᧂᦒᦺ (moengthay).

compound

(colloquial) Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)


Andoro

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Belgujo

From belgo (“a Belgian”) + -ujo (“country of”).

af

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Francujo

From franco (“a French person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Germanujo

germano (“a German person”) + -ujo (“country of”)

suffix

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Italio

From italo (“an Italian”) + -io (“country”).


Italujo

From italo (“an Italian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Hispanio

From hispano (“a Spaniard”) + -io (“country”).

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Hispanujo

From hispano (“a Spaniard”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Hungarujo

From hungaro (“a Hungarian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Kroatio

From kroato (“Croat”, noun) + -io (“country of”).

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Kroatujo

From kroato (“Croat”, noun) + -ujo (“country of”).


Rusio

Meronym: ruso (“a Russian”)

Rusia Federacio
Rusia Federacio#Esperanto

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia; official name: Rusia Federacio)

Kartvelio · Azerbajĝano · Kaspia Maro · Kazaĥio · Ĉinio · Mongolio · Ĉinio


Rusujo

From ruso (“Russian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Svedio

From svedo (“a Swede”) + -io (“country”).

Holonyms: Eŭropo (“Europe”), Eŭropa Unio (“European Union”), Unuiĝintaj Nacioj (“United Nations”)

Meronyms: Stokholmo (“Stockholm”), svedo (“a Swede”)


Svedujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Svedujo.wav

From svedo (“Swede”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Turkio

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Turkujo

From turko (“a Turk”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Bulgario

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Ĉeĥio

ĉeĥo (“a Czech person”) + -io (“country”)

suffix

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


Danio

Denmark (a country in Europe, the metropole of the sovereign nation of the same name)


Danujo

Archaic form of Danio (“Denmark (a country in Europe, the metropole of the sovereign nation of the same name)”).


Estonio

Meronym: Talino


Grekujo

From greko (“a Greek person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Latvio

From latvo (“a Latvian”) + -io (“country”).


Litovujo

From litovo (“a Lithuanian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Moldavujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Moldavujo.wav

From moldavo (“a Moldovan”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Norvegio

Holonyms: Eŭropo (“Europe”), Unuiĝintaj Nacioj (“United Nations”)

Meronyms: norvego (“a Norwegian”), Oslo, Svalbardo (“Svalbard”)


Norvegujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Norvegujo.wav

From norvego (“a Norwegian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Portugalio

From portugalo (“Portuguese person”) + -io.


Portugalujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Portugalujo.wav

From portugalo (“a Portuguese”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Rumanujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Rumanujo.wav


Slovakujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Slovakujo.wav

From slovako (“a Slovakian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Slovenio

From sloveno (“Slovenian, Slovene”, noun) + -io.

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Slovenujo

From sloveno (“a Slovenian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Ukrainio

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Ukrainujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Ukrainujo.wav


Rússland

is-proper noun

Rússland n (proper noun, genitive singular Rússlands)

Rússlands (genitive singular)
Rússland (indefinite nominative singular)
Rússland (accusative indefinite singular)
Rússlandi (dative indefinite singular)
Rússlands (genitive indefinite singular)

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Þýzkaland

Þýzkaland n (proper noun, genitive singular Þýzkalands)

Þýzkalands (genitive singular)
Þýzkaland (indefinite nominative singular)
Þýzkaland (accusative indefinite singular)
Þýzkalandi (dative indefinite singular)
Þýzkalands (genitive indefinite singular)


Albanía

Albanía f (proper noun, genitive singular Albaníu)

Albaníu (genitive singular)
Albanía (indefinite nominative singular)
Albaníu (accusative indefinite singular)
Albaníu (dative indefinite singular)
Albaníu (genitive indefinite singular)


Grikkland

Grikkland n (proper noun, genitive singular Grikklands)

Grikklands (genitive singular)
Grikkland (indefinite nominative singular)
Grikkland (accusative indefinite singular)
Grikklandi (dative indefinite singular)
Grikklands (genitive indefinite singular)

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós)bor.
Latin Graecusder.
Old Church Slavonic грькъ (grĭkŭ)bor.
Old Norse grikkr
Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-om
Proto-Germanic *landą
Proto-Norse *ᛚᚨᛞᚨ (*lada)
Old Norse land
Old Norse Grikkland
Icelandic Grikkland
From Grikk(i) (“Greek”) + land (“land, nation”). Compare English Greekland, Swedish Grekland, Danish Grækenland.


Úkraína

is-proper noun

Úkraína f (proper noun, genitive singular Úkraínu)

Úkraínu (genitive singular)
Úkraína (indefinite nominative singular)
Úkraínu (accusative indefinite singular)
Úkraínu (dative indefinite singular)
Úkraínu (genitive indefinite singular)


Rúmenía

Rúmenía f (proper noun, genitive singular Rúmeníu)

Rúmeníu (genitive singular)
Rúmenía (indefinite nominative singular)
Rúmeníu (accusative indefinite singular)
Rúmeníu (dative indefinite singular)
Rúmeníu (genitive indefinite singular)


Ĉinujo

From ĉino (“a Chinese person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Króatía

is-proper noun

Króatía f (proper noun, genitive singular Króatíu)

Króatíu (genitive singular)
Króatía (indefinite nominative singular)
Króatíu (accusative indefinite singular)
Króatíu (dative indefinite singular)
Króatíu (genitive indefinite singular)


Egiptio

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Egiptujo

From egipto (“an Egyptian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Serbía

is-proper noun

Serbía f (proper noun, genitive singular Serbíu)

Serbíu (genitive singular)
Serbía (indefinite nominative singular)
Serbíu (accusative indefinite singular)
Serbíu (dative indefinite singular)
Serbíu (genitive indefinite singular)

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Svartfjallaland

Svartfjallaland n (proper noun, genitive singular Svartfjallalands)

Svartfjallalands (genitive singular)
Svartfjallaland (indefinite nominative singular)
Svartfjallaland (accusative indefinite singular)
Svartfjallalandi (dative indefinite singular)
Svartfjallalands (genitive indefinite singular)

From svartur (“black”) + fjall (“mountain”) + land (“country”). Calque of Venetan Montenegro.

compound

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Etiopio

From etiopo (“an Ethiopian”) + -io (“country”).


Japanio

From japano (“a Japanese person”) + -io (“country”).

Holonyms: Azio (“Asia”), Unuiĝintaj Nacioj (“United Nations”)

Meronyms: japano (“Japanese person”), japanino (“Japanese woman”)

Japanio estas riĉa lando.


Mongolujo

From mongolo (“a Mongol”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Aŭstralio

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Brazilo

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)

Venezuelo · Gujano · Surinamo · Franca Gviano


Indonezio

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Irlando

Nord-Irlando

Northern Ireland, a country in the United Kingdom

Britio

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland


Kanado

From English Canada or French Canada, from Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).

der

Ameriko

the continent of [North and South] America


Pólland

Pólland (indefinite nominative)
Pólland (accusative indefinite)
Póllandi (dative indefinite)
Póllands (genitive indefinite)


Pólland

is-proper noun

Pólland n (proper noun, genitive singular Póllands)

Póllands (genitive singular)
Pólland (indefinite nominative singular)
Pólland (accusative indefinite singular)
Póllandi (dative indefinite singular)
Póllands (genitive indefinite singular)


デンマーク

[dẽ̞mːa̠ːkɯ̟]


オマーン

ja-pos

オマーン • (Omān)

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


ラトビア

Ultimately from Latvian Latvija, possibly via English Latvia


モルジブ

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


北アイルランド

北アイルランド (canonical)
Kita Airurando (romanization)

Calque of English Northern Ireland: 北 (kita, “Northern”) + アイルランド (Airurando, “Ireland”)


ノルウェー

ja-pos

ノルウェー • (Noruwē)

[no̞ɾɯ̟β̞e̞ː]


パプアニューギニア

[pa̠pɯ̟a̠ ɲ̟ɨː ɡʲiɲ̟ia̠]

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English:_Q691


パラグアイ

ja-pron

(Tokyo) パラグアイ [páꜜràgùàì] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: [pa̠ɾa̠ɡɯ̟a̠i]


ペルシア

[pe̞ɾɯ̟ɕia̠]

My name is Sarc! Servant of Cambyses!! The King of Kings of Persia, son of Cyrus, celebrated by Ahura Mazda!!

わが名はサルク！主はカンビュセス‼キュロスの子アフラ・マズダのよみし給う者ペルシア王にして諸王の王‼

Waga na wa Saruku! Aruji wa Kanbyusesu‼ Kyurosu no ko Afura Mazuda no yomishitamau mono Perushia Ō ni shite Shōō no Ō‼


クウェート

ja-pos

クウェート • (Kuwēto)

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


サウジアラビア

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


ギニア

ja:ギニア (曖昧さ回避)


ブルガリア

[bɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɡa̠ɾʲia̠]

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


ジャマイカ

Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


カメルーン

[ka̠me̞ɾɯ̟̃ːɴ]


独立国家共同体

どくりつ こっか きょうどうたい

独(どく)立(りつ)国(こっ)家(か)共(きょう)同(どう)体(たい) • (Dokuritsu Kokka Kyōdōtai)

独立国家共同体 (canonical)
Dokuritsu Kokka Kyōdōtai (romanization)

Commonwealth of Independent States
Commonwealth of Independent States

(country) Commonwealth of Independent States


ルワンダ

[ɾɯ̟β̞ã̠nda̠]


ルーマニア

[ɾɯ̟ːma̠ɲ̟ia̠]

Borrowing from English Rumania, ultimately from Romanian Rumânia, the older spelling of modern România.


ロシア連邦

ロシア連邦 (canonical)
Roshia Renpō (romanization)

[ɾo̞ɕia̠ ɾẽ̞mpo̞ː]

From ロシア (Roshia, “Russia”) + 連邦 (renpō, “federation”).

af

Russian Federation
Russian Federation#English

Russian Federation (a co-official name of Russia, a country in Eastern Europe and Asia)


Nýja-Sjáland

is-proper noun

Nýja-Sjáland n (proper noun, genitive singular Nýja-Sjálands)

Nýja-Sjálands (genitive singular)
Nýja-Sjáland (indefinite nominative singular)
Nýja-Sjáland (accusative indefinite singular)
Nýja-Sjálandi (dative indefinite singular)
Nýja-Sjálands (genitive indefinite singular)

From nýr (“new”) + Sjáland (“Zealand, Zeeland”).

af

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Pháp

Sino-Vietnamese word from 法, from Middle Chinese 法 (pjop). As for the country name, contracted from Chinese 法國 /法国 (Pháp quốc), in turn contracted from Chinese phonetics Mandarin 法蘭西 /法兰西 (Fǎlánxī, Fàlánxī, Pháp Lan Tây) + 國 /国 (quốc, “country”), from French France. Doublet of phép.

der

nước Pháp

người Pháp

tiếng Pháp

Tôi là người Pháp. Mãi mãi tôi là công dân Pháp.

2014, Linh Quân Cao, “Bác sĩ Y-éc-xanh [Dr. Yersin]”, in Tiếng Việt 3 [Vietnamese 3], 10th edition, volume 2, Nhà Xuất bản Giáo dục Việt Nam:

I'm French. I'll always be a citizen of France.


Kipro

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Svislando

From sviso (“Swiss person”) + lando (“land”), calque of English Switzerland.
Corresponds with several other West Germanic languages, including Afrikaans Switserland, Dutch Zwitserland, Scots Swisserland, West Frisian Switserlân, as well as a number of non-European languages, including Bengali সুইজারল্যান্ড (śuijarolênḍ), Hindi स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड (sviṭzarlaiṇḍ), Malay Switzerland, Thai สวิตเซอร์แลนด์ (sà-wít-səə-lɛɛn).

cog

সুইজারল্যান্ড

स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड

Hindi स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड (sviṭzarlaiṇḍ)

สวิตเซอร์แลนด์

Thai สวิตเซอร์แลนด์ (sà-wít-səə-lɛɛn)

Meronym: Berno

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Finnlando

From finno (“Finn”) + lando (“country”).

Meronym: Helsinko

Finland (A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe)


Nederlando

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Nederlando

Borrowed from Esperanto Nederlando, from Dutch Nederland.
Cognate with English Netherlands, German Niederlande, Russian Нидерланды (Niderlandy), Portuguese Neerlândia.


Nov-Zelando

From nova (“new”) + Zelando (“Zeeland”).

Holonyms: Aŭstralazio, Komunumo de Nacioj, Polinezio


Jamajko

Borrowed from Spanish Jamaica, from Arawakan/Taíno xaymaca (“great spirit of the land of man”).


Kenjo

From Swahili Kenya, ultimately from Kikuyu kere nyaga (“white mountain”). Compare French and Italian Kenya, German, Latin, and Polish Kenia, Russian Ке́ния (Kénija), Yiddish קעניע (kenye).


Kiribato

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Pollando

From polo (“a Polish person”) + lando (“land”), calque of English Poland.
Its popularity over the synonyms Polujo and Polio are likely an influence of the English language, and to a lesser extent non-European languages with English-derived names for the country, such as Chinese 波蘭 /波兰 (Bōlán), Japanese ポーランド (Pōrando), Korean 폴란드 (Pollandeu), Indonesian Polandia, Hindi पोलैंड (polaiṇḍ), etc.

af

Meronyms: Bjalistoko, Varsovio


Alĝerio

From French Algérie, from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers.

der

اَلْجَزَائِر


Malto

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Gambio

Ultimately from Mandinka Kambra, Kambaa.


Armenio

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Mozambiko

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)

Zambio · Malavio · Malavia Lago · Tanzanio


Niĝerio

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Jordanio

Haŝemida Reĝlando Jordanio
Haŝemida Reĝlando Jordanio#Esperanto

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Haŝemida Reĝlando Jordanio)


Amerikkka

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Amerikkka.wav

In Amerikkka, this movement is evident from efforts to control the institutions serving and located within Black communities.

1970 July, “White Ethics and Black Power: The Emergence of the West Side Organization”, in Black World/Negro Digest, volume 19, number 9, page 83:

We have said […] that one of the greatest dangers of the continuance of the Vietnam war was that […] it would lead to an inevitable rise of fascism at home. Now that the U.S. is spreading the aggression in Indo-China the danger is coming icily close. The Black Panthers believe this is already a Fascist Amerikkka; we can understand this view from the black ghetto. We happen to hold that many Americans will resist, and there may be a Civil War in which thousands, if not millions, will die. Feeling thus, it is hard to get enthused about cleaning up the Hudson. There is a strong suspicion that Earth Day was a diversion, for at that very moment plans were being put in operation in Washington to spread death and destruction to Cambodia.

1970 June, Broadside, volume 107, page 7:

And get mad, mad 'cause I'm the nigga that flaunt it / AmeriKKKa’s Most Wanted

1990, “AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted”, in AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted, performed by Ice Cube:

[…] it's so obscene and Amerikkka and greedy, but pleasing to the eye […]

2002, Courtney X, Lasting Visions, page 202:

Ben Caldwell recalls the scene as follows:
Life as we know it is about to change
I smell it within the air the weather is getting strange
Drugged up sedated and numb from the pain
The sickness in Amerikkka has spread to her brain [...]

2009, Marcyliena H. Morgan, The real hiphop: battling for knowledge, power, and respect, page 161:

United States of America
United States of America

(derogatory slang) The United States of America. Generally used in depicting the country as fascist or racist.


Áland

Áland (indefinite nominative)
Áland (accusative indefinite)
Álandi (dative indefinite)
Álands (genitive indefinite)


Áland

is-proper noun

Áland n (proper noun, genitive singular Álands)

Álands (genitive singular)
Áland (indefinite nominative singular)
Áland (accusative indefinite singular)
Álandi (dative indefinite singular)
Álands (genitive indefinite singular)


Áland

Icelandic: Áland

Faroese: Áland

Norwegian Nynorsk: Åland

Norwegian Bokmål: Åland

Swedish: Åland
→ Finnish: Oolanti

Danish: Ålandsøerne

Possibly from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚺᚹᚢᛚᚨᛞᚨ (*ahwulada). Equivalent to á (“river, water”) + land (“land”).


Álandseyjar

Álandseyjar f pl (proper noun, plural only, genitive plural Álandseyja)

Álandseyja (genitive plural)
Álandseyjar (indefinite nominative plural)
Álandseyjarnar (definite nominative plural)
Álandseyjar (accusative indefinite plural)
Álandseyjarnar (accusative definite plural)
Álandseyjum (dative indefinite plural)
Álandseyjunum (dative definite plural)
Álandseyja (genitive indefinite plural)
Álandseyjanna (definite genitive plural)


Chiny

pl-prop

Chiny nvir pl (related adjective chiński)

chiński (adjective)
Chiny (nominative plural)
Chin (genitive plural)
Chinom (dative plural)
Chiny (accusative plural)
Chinami (instrumental plural)
Chinach (locative plural)
Chiny (plural vocative)

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

China, People's Republic of China (a country in East Asia)


Gruusia

Gruusia (nominative singular)
Gruusiad (nominative plural)
Gruusia (accusative nominative singular)
Gruusiad (accusative nominative plural)
Gruusia (accusative genitive singular)
Gruusiad (accusative genitive plural)
Gruusia (genitive singular)
Gruusiate (genitive plural)
Gruusiat (partitive singular)
Gruusiaid (partitive plural)
Gruusiasse (illative singular)
Gruusiatesse (illative plural)
Gruusiaisse (illative plural)
Gruusias (inessive singular)
Gruusiates (inessive plural)
Gruusiais (inessive plural)
Gruusiast (elative singular)
Gruusiatest (elative plural)
Gruusiaist (elative plural)
Gruusiale (allative singular)
Gruusiatele (allative plural)
Gruusiaile (allative plural)
Gruusial (adessive singular)
Gruusiatel (adessive plural)
Gruusiail (adessive plural)
Gruusialt (ablative singular)
Gruusiatelt (ablative plural)
Gruusiailt (ablative plural)
Gruusiaks (singular translative)
Gruusiateks (plural translative)
Gruusiaiks (plural translative)
Gruusiani (singular terminative)
Gruusiateni (plural terminative)
Gruusiana (essive singular)
Gruusiatena (essive plural)
Gruusiata (abessive singular)
Gruusiateta (abessive plural)
Gruusiaga (comitative singular)
Gruusiatega (comitative plural)

/ˈɡ̊ruːsiɑ̯/

[ˈɡ̊ruːsʲiɑ̯]

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Gruusia

Gruusia (nominative singular)
Gruusia (accusative nominative singular)
Gruusian (accusative genitive singular)
Gruusian (genitive singular)
Gruusiaa (partitive singular)
Gruusiassa (inessive singular)
Gruusiasta (elative singular)
Gruusiaan (illative singular)
Gruusialla (adessive singular)
Gruusialta (ablative singular)
Gruusialle (allative singular)
Gruusiana (essive singular)
Gruusiaksi (singular translative)
Gruusiatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Gruusiani (nominative singular)
Gruusiani (accusative nominative singular)
Gruusiani (accusative genitive singular)
Gruusiani (genitive singular)
Gruusiaani (partitive singular)
Gruusiassani (inessive singular)
Gruusiastani (elative singular)
Gruusiaani (illative singular)
Gruusiallani (adessive singular)
Gruusialtani (ablative singular)
Gruusialleni (allative singular)
Gruusianani (essive singular)
Gruusiakseni (singular translative)
Gruusiattani (abessive singular)
Gruusiasi (nominative singular)
Gruusiasi (accusative nominative singular)
Gruusiasi (accusative genitive singular)
Gruusiasi (genitive singular)
Gruusiaasi (partitive singular)
Gruusiassasi (inessive singular)
Gruusiastasi (elative singular)
Gruusiaasi (illative singular)
Gruusiallasi (adessive singular)
Gruusialtasi (ablative singular)
Gruusiallesi (allative singular)
Gruusianasi (essive singular)
Gruusiaksesi (singular translative)
Gruusiattasi (abessive singular)
Gruusiamme (nominative singular)
Gruusiamme (accusative nominative singular)
Gruusiamme (accusative genitive singular)
Gruusiamme (genitive singular)
Gruusiaamme (partitive singular)
Gruusiassamme (inessive singular)
Gruusiastamme (elative singular)
Gruusiaamme (illative singular)
Gruusiallamme (adessive singular)
Gruusialtamme (ablative singular)
Gruusiallemme (allative singular)
Gruusianamme (essive singular)
Gruusiaksemme (singular translative)
Gruusiattamme (abessive singular)
Gruusianne (nominative singular)
Gruusianne (accusative nominative singular)
Gruusianne (accusative genitive singular)
Gruusianne (genitive singular)
Gruusiaanne (partitive singular)
Gruusiassanne (inessive singular)
Gruusiastanne (elative singular)
Gruusiaanne (illative singular)
Gruusiallanne (adessive singular)
Gruusialtanne (ablative singular)
Gruusiallenne (allative singular)
Gruusiananne (essive singular)
Gruusiaksenne (singular translative)
Gruusiattanne (abessive singular)
Gruusiansa (nominative singular)
Gruusiansa (accusative nominative singular)
Gruusiansa (accusative genitive singular)
Gruusiansa (genitive singular)
Gruusiaansa (partitive singular)
Gruusiassaan (inessive singular)
Gruusiassansa (inessive singular)
Gruusiastaan (elative singular)
Gruusiastansa (elative singular)
Gruusiaansa (illative singular)
Gruusiallaan (adessive singular)
Gruusiallansa (adessive singular)
Gruusialtaan (ablative singular)
Gruusialtansa (ablative singular)
Gruusialleen (allative singular)
Gruusiallensa (allative singular)
Gruusianaan (essive singular)
Gruusianansa (essive singular)
Gruusiakseen (singular translative)
Gruusiaksensa (singular translative)
Gruusiattaan (abessive singular)
Gruusiattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈɡruːs̠iɑ̝]

A country, in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea. A former region in the Russian Empire and one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union.


סוריא

Syria (a country in the Middle East, Asia)


Croația

Croație (accusative indefinite nominative)
Croația (accusative definite nominative)
Croații (indefinite)
Croației (definite)
Croație (vocative)
Croațio (vocative)

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


מצרין

Semitic origin. Compare Hebrew מצרים, Arabic مصر, Akkadian 𒈪𒄑𒊑𒄿.

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Escocia

Borrowed from Spanish Escocia (“Scotland”), from Latin Scotia.


Escocia

→ Central Nahuatl: Escocia

→ Tagalog: Eskosya

Borrowed from Latin Scotia. Compare French Écosse, Italian Scozia,
Norman Êcosse, Portuguese Escócia, Romanian Scoția and Sicilian Scozzia.


Bosnia and Hercegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Alternative spelling of Bosnia and Herzegovina


land down under

Referring to Australia's and New Zealand's location at the southern hemisphere, when observed at a map or a globe.

"Do you come from the land down under?"


Vatikán

cs-proper noun

Vatikán m inan (relational adjective vatikánský)

vatikánský (adjective relational)
Vatikán (nominative singular)
Vatikánu (genitive singular)
Vatikánu (dative singular)
Vatikán (accusative singular)
Vatikáne (singular vocative)
Vatikáně (locative singular)
Vatikánu (locative singular)
Vatikánem (instrumental singular)

Městský stát Vatikán
Městský stát Vatikán#English

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy; official name: Městský stát Vatikán)


Vatikán

Vatikán (nominative singular)
Vatikánt (accusative singular)
Vatikánnak (dative singular)
Vatikánnal (instrumental singular)
Vatikánért (causal-final singular)
Vatikánná (singular translative)
Vatikánig (singular terminative)
Vatikánként (essive-formal singular)
Vatikánban (inessive singular)
Vatikánon (singular superessive)
Vatikánnál (adessive singular)
Vatikánba (illative singular)
Vatikánra (singular sublative)
Vatikánhoz (allative singular)
Vatikánból (elative singular)
Vatikánról (delative singular)
Vatikántól (ablative singular)
Vatikáné (singular)
Vatikánéi (singular)
Vatikánom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Vatikánod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Vatikánja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Vatikánunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Vatikánotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Vatikánjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Vatikán

sk-proper noun

Vatikán m inan (relational adjective vatikánsky)

vatikánsky (adjective relational)
Vatikán (nominative singular-only)
Vatikánu (genitive singular-only)
Vatikánu (dative singular-only)
Vatikán (accusative singular-only)
Vatikáne (locative singular-only)
Vatikánom (instrumental singular-only)

Vatikánsky mestský štát
Vatikánsky mestský štát#English

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy; official name: Vatikánsky mestský štát)


𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿

Middle Persian:

desctree

Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩 (pʾlsy), 𐭯𐭠𐭥𐭮𐭩 (pʾrsy /Pārs/)
Persian: پارس (pârs)
→ Arabic: فَارِس (fāris)
→ Portuguese: alferes
Malay: alperes, alferes
Indonesian: alferes
→ Spanish: alférez
→ English: alferes
→ Italian: alfiere
→ Tagalog: alperes
→ Early Middle Chinese: 波斯 (pa-si)
→ Parthian: (/Pārs/)
Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘 (pʾrs)
Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭀𐭓𐭎 (pʾrs)
→ Sogdian:
Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (pʾrs /Pārs/)

→ Akkadian:

desc

Late Babylonian: 𒉺𒅈𒊓𒀀𒀀 (pa-ar-sa-a-a /Parsāya/), 𒉺𒅈𒋢 (pa-ar-su /Parsu/), 𒌓𒊑𒊓𒀀 (par-ri-sa-a /Parisā/), 𒌓𒊓 (par-sa /Parsa/), 𒌓𒊓𒀀𒀀 (par-sa-a-a /Parsāya/), 𒌓𒋢 (par-su /Parsu/), 𒌓𒍪 (par-sú /Parsu/)

→ Aramaic:

Biblical Aramaic: פָּרָס (pārās)

Imperial Aramaic: 𐡐𐡓𐡎 (prs), 𐡐𐡓𐡎𐡉 (prsy)

→ Egyptian:

Late Egyptian: p:r-s-xAst (prs), p:r-z:xAst (prs), p:r-Aa18:Z1-xAst (prsꜣ), p:rw-Aa18-xAst (prwsꜣ)

Demotic:  (prs)

→ Elamite:

Achaemenid Elamite: 𒁀𒅕𒐼 (ba-ir-šá /Bairša/), 𒁇𒌍 (bar-šip /Baršip/), 𒁇𒋤 (bar-šir₈ /Baršir/), 𒁀𒅕𒆪 (ba-ir-da /Bairda/), 𒁀𒅕𒆜𒐼 (ba-ir-iš-šá /Bairiša/), 𒁀𒅕𒊓𒀭 (ba-ir-sa-an /Bairsan/), 𒁀𒅕𒐼𒀭 (ba-ir-šá-an /Bairšan/), 𒁀𒅕𒃻𒀾 (ba-ir-šá-áš /Bairšaš/), 𒁀𒅕𒐼𒆜 (ba-ir-šá-iš /Bairšaiš/), 𒁀𒅕𒐼𒌝 (ba-ir-šá-um /Bairšaum/), 𒁀𒅕𒍝 (ba-ir-za /Bairza/), 𒁀𒊏𒊏𒆜𒐼𒀭 (ba-ra-iš-šá-an /Baraišan/), 𒁇𒃻𒀭 (bar-šá-an /Baršan/), 𒁇𒋤𒌇𒁁 (bar-šir₈-ráš-be /Barširášbe/)

→ Ancient Greek: Περσίς (Persís)

→ Latin: Persia, Persis

→ Lycian: 𐊓𐊀𐊕𐊈𐊀 (parza), 𐊓𐊀𐊕𐊈𐊈𐊀 (parzza)

→ Old Armenian: պարսք (parskʻ)

Uncertain; possibly:
* related to Sanskrit पर्शु (Parśu), the name of a warrior tribe, (see below)
* or Sanskrit परशु (paraśu, “hatchet, axe”),
* or from Proto-Iranian *párcuš (“rib”), compare Sanskrit पर्शु (parśu, “rib; sickle”), पार्श्व (pārśva, “the region of the ribs, immediate neighbourhood”).


Føroyar

Føroyar (indefinite nominative)
Føroyar (accusative indefinite)
Føroyum (dative indefinite)
Føroya (genitive indefinite)

The second element oyar is the plural of oy (“island”). The first element is uncertain; possibly from Old Norse fær (“sheep”), or borrowed from Irish fearann (“estate, land”), named by early Irish monks settling the island.


Svøríki

Svøríki (indefinite nominative)
Svøríki (accusative indefinite)
Svøríki (dative indefinite)
Svøríkis (genitive indefinite)


Noregsland

Noregsland (indefinite nominative)
Noregsland (accusative indefinite)
Noregslandi (dative indefinite)
Noregslands (genitive indefinite)


Hetland

Hetland (indefinite nominative)
Hetland (accusative indefinite)
Hetlandi (dative indefinite)
Hetlands (genitive indefinite)

From Old Norse Hjaltland, from hjalt (“hilt”) + land (“land”). Doublet of Hjaltland.


Orknoyggjar

From Old Norse Orkneyjar, itself adapted from Pictish.


Skotland

Inherited from Dutch Schotland, equivalent to Skot + land.


Skotland

Scotland (country in northwest Europe to the north of England)


Skotland

Skotland (indefinite nominative)
Skotland (accusative indefinite)
Skotlandi (dative indefinite)
Skotlands (genitive indefinite)


Skotland

is-proper noun

Skotland n (proper noun, genitive singular Skotlands)

Skotlands (genitive singular)
Skotland (indefinite nominative singular)
Skotlandið (definite nominative singular)
Skotland (accusative indefinite singular)
Skotlandið (accusative definite singular)
Skotlandi (dative indefinite singular)
Skotlandinu (dative definite singular)
Skotlands (genitive indefinite singular)
Skotlandsins (definite genitive singular)


Ongland

Ongland (indefinite nominative)
Ongland (accusative indefinite)
Onglandi (dative indefinite)
Onglands (genitive indefinite)


Stórabretland

Stórabretland (indefinite nominative)
Stórabretland (accusative indefinite)
Stórabretlandi (dative indefinite)
Stórabretlands (genitive indefinite)


Týskland

Týskland (indefinite nominative)
Týskland (accusative indefinite)
Týsklandi (dative indefinite)
Týsklands (genitive indefinite)

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Frakland

Frakland (indefinite nominative)
Frakland (accusative indefinite)
Fraklandi (dative indefinite)
Fraklands (genitive indefinite)


Háland

Háland (indefinite nominative)
Háland (accusative indefinite)
Hálandi (dative indefinite)
Hálands (genitive indefinite)

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Kekkia

Ultimately, from Czech Čechy (“Bohemia”).

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


Sveis

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Eysturríki

Eysturríkis (genitive)
Eysturríki (indefinite nominative)
Eysturríki (accusative indefinite)
Eysturríki (dative indefinite)
Eysturríkis (genitive indefinite)

eystur (“east”) + ríki (“empire”), from Old Norse [Term?].


Turkaland

Turkaland (indefinite nominative)
Turkaland (accusative indefinite)
Turkalandi (dative indefinite)
Turkalands (genitive indefinite)

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Izrael

Izraeli (definite)
Izrael (indefinite nominative singular)
Izraeli (definite nominative singular)
Izrael (accusative indefinite singular)
Izraelin (accusative definite singular)
Izraeli (indefinite singular)
Izraelit (definite singular)

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Izrael

cs-proper noun

Izrael m inan (relational adjective izraelský, demonym Izraelec, female demonym Izraelka)

izraelský (adjective relational)
Izraelec (demonym)
Izraelka (demonym feminine)
Izrael (nominative singular)
Izraele (genitive singular)
Izraeli (dative singular)
Izrael (accusative singular)
Izraeli (singular vocative)
Izraeli (locative singular)
Izraelem (instrumental singular)


Izrael

Izrael (nominative singular)
Izraelt (accusative singular)
Izraelnek (dative singular)
Izraellel (instrumental singular)
Izraelért (causal-final singular)
Izraellé (singular translative)
Izraelig (singular terminative)
Izraelként (essive-formal singular)
Izraelben (inessive singular)
Izraelen (singular superessive)
Izraelnél (adessive singular)
Izraelbe (illative singular)
Izraelre (singular sublative)
Izraelhez (allative singular)
Izraelből (elative singular)
Izraelről (delative singular)
Izraeltől (ablative singular)
Izraelé (singular)
Izraeléi (singular)
Izraelem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Izraeled (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Izraele (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Izraelünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Izraeletek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Izraelük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Izrael

I'zrael (canonical)
Izrael (nominative singular)
Izrael (genitive singular)
Izraelõ (partitive singular)
Izraelõn (dative singular)
Izraelõks (instrumental singular)
Izraelõ (illative singular)
Izraelsõ (inessive singular)
Izraels (inessive singular)
Izraelstõ (elative singular)
Izraelst (elative singular)

Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Izrael – Iisrael – Izraēla
Israel – Israel – Israel


Izrael

Izrael (nominative singular)
Izraela (genitive singular)
Izraelowi (dative singular)
Izrael (accusative singular)
Izraelem (instrumental singular)
Izraelu (locative singular)
Izraelu (singular vocative)


Izrael

Ìzrael (canonical masculine)
Ѝзраел (Cyrillic)
Izrael (nominative singular)
Izraela (genitive singular)
Izraelu (dative singular)
Izrael (accusative singular)
Izraele (singular vocative)
Izraelu (locative singular)
Izraelom (instrumental singular)


Izrael

Izrael (nominative singular-only)
Izraelu (genitive singular-only)
Izraela (genitive singular-only)
Izraelu (dative singular-only)
Izrael (accusative singular-only)
Izraeli (locative singular-only)
Izraelom (instrumental singular-only)


Izrael

Ȋzrael (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Ízrael (nominative singular)
Ízraela (genitive singular)
Ízraelu (dative singular)
Ízrael (accusative singular)
Ízraelu (locative singular)
Ízraelom (instrumental singular)


Израел

bg-proper noun

Израе́л • (Izraél) m (relational adjective израе́лски)

Израе́л (canonical)
Izraél (romanization)
израе́лски (adjective relational)
Израе́л (indefinite singular)

bg-ndecl

Израе́л</n:sg>


Израел

mk-proper noun

Израел • (Izrael) m (relational adjective израелски)

Izrael (romanization)
израелски (adjective relational)


Израел

Ѝзраел (canonical masculine)
Ìzrael (romanization)
Израел (nominative singular)
Израела (genitive singular)
Израелу (dative singular)
Израел (accusative singular)
Израеле (singular vocative)
Израелу (locative singular)
Израелом (instrumental singular)


Gales

Gales (absolutive indefinite)
Galesek (ergative indefinite)
Galesi (dative indefinite)
Galesen (genitive indefinite)
Galesekin (comitative indefinite)
Galesengatik (causative indefinite)
Galesentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Galesez (indefinite instrumental)
Galesen (indefinite inessive)
Galesko (indefinite locative)
Galesera (allative indefinite)
Galeseraino (indefinite terminative)
Galeserantz (directive indefinite)
Galeserako (destinative indefinite)
Galestik (ablative indefinite)
Galesik (indefinite partitive)
Galestzat (indefinite prolative)


Gales

Middle French: Galles

French: pays de Galles (see there for further descendants)


Países Bajos

From país (“country”) + bajos (“low”), a calque of Dutch Nederland. Compare French Pays-Bas.

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Suecia

la-proper noun

Suecia f sg (genitive Sueciae); first declension

Sueciae (genitive)
Suecia (nominative singular)
Sueciae (genitive singular)
Sueciae (dative singular)
Sueciam (accusative singular)
Sueciā (ablative singular)
Suecia (singular vocative)
Sueciae (locative singular)

[ˈswɛːt͡ʃiä]


Letonia

Latvia (a country in Eastern Europe; capital and largest city: Riga)


Letonia

Letonia (absolutive indefinite)
Letoniak (ergative indefinite)
Letoniari (dative indefinite)
Letoniaren (genitive indefinite)
Letoniarekin (comitative indefinite)
Letoniarengatik (causative indefinite)
Letoniarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Letoniaz (indefinite instrumental)
Letonian (indefinite inessive)
Letoniako (indefinite locative)
Letoniara (allative indefinite)
Letoniaraino (indefinite terminative)
Letoniarantz (directive indefinite)
Letoniarako (destinative indefinite)
Letoniatik (ablative indefinite)
Letoniarik (indefinite partitive)
Letoniatzat (indefinite prolative)


Letonia

Letonie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Letonia (accusative definite nominative)
Letonii (indefinite)
Letoniei (definite)
Letonie (vocative)
Letonio (vocative)


Lituania

Lituania (absolutive indefinite)
Lituaniak (ergative indefinite)
Lituaniari (dative indefinite)
Lituaniaren (genitive indefinite)
Lituaniarekin (comitative indefinite)
Lituaniarengatik (causative indefinite)
Lituaniarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Lituaniaz (indefinite instrumental)
Lituanian (indefinite inessive)
Lituaniako (indefinite locative)
Lituaniara (allative indefinite)
Lituaniaraino (indefinite terminative)
Lituaniarantz (directive indefinite)
Lituaniarako (destinative indefinite)
Lituaniatik (ablative indefinite)
Lituaniarik (indefinite partitive)
Lituaniatzat (indefinite prolative)


Lituania

Lītuānia f sg (genitive Lītuāniae); first declension

Lītuānia (canonical feminine singular)
Lītuāniae (genitive)
Lītuānia (nominative singular)
Lītuāniae (genitive singular)
Lītuāniae (dative singular)
Lītuāniam (accusative singular)
Lītuāniā (ablative singular)
Lītuānia (singular vocative)

Lītuānī (“Lithuanians”) + -ia, from Proto-Slavic *litъva, ultimately from Baltic. First known attestation of the root in Latin is in 1009 as Lītua. The h-variants may be influenced by German, where the name formerly appeared also as Lithauen and Litthauen, with the h marking the length of the previous vowel.

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) Lithuania (a country in Europe)


Lituania

Lituanie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Lituania (accusative definite nominative)
Lituanii (indefinite)
Lituaniei (definite)
Lituanie (vocative)
Lituanio (vocative)


Eslovenia

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Eslovenia

Eslovenia (absolutive indefinite)
Esloveniak (ergative indefinite)
Esloveniari (dative indefinite)
Esloveniaren (genitive indefinite)
Esloveniarekin (comitative indefinite)
Esloveniarengatik (causative indefinite)
Esloveniarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Esloveniaz (indefinite instrumental)
Eslovenian (indefinite inessive)
Esloveniako (indefinite locative)
Esloveniara (allative indefinite)
Esloveniaraino (indefinite terminative)
Esloveniarantz (directive indefinite)
Esloveniarako (destinative indefinite)
Esloveniatik (ablative indefinite)
Esloveniarik (indefinite partitive)
Esloveniatzat (indefinite prolative)


Croacia

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Islanda

Iceland (an island and country in Europe; capital and largest city: Reykjavík)


Islanda

From Icelandic Ísland, from Old Norse Ísland (literally “land of ice”). Compare English Iceland.


Islanda

Islandă (accusative indefinite nominative)
Islanda (accusative definite nominative)
Islande (indefinite)
Islandei (definite)
Islandă (vocative)
Islando (vocative)


Филиппины

ru-proper noun+

филиппи́нский

Филиппи́ны • (Filippíny) f inan pl (genitive Филиппи́н, plural only, relational adjective филиппи́нский)

Филиппи́ны (canonical)
Filippíny (romanization)
Филиппи́н (genitive)
филиппи́нский (adjective relational)
Филиппи́ны (nominative plural)
Филиппи́н (genitive plural)
Филиппи́нам (dative plural)
Филиппи́ны (accusative plural)
Филиппи́нами (instrumental plural)
Филиппи́нах (plural prepositional)
Филиппи́ны (dated nominative plural)
Филиппи́нъ (dated genitive plural)
Филиппи́намъ (dated dative plural)
Филиппи́ны (accusative dated plural)
Филиппи́нами (dated instrumental plural)
Филиппи́нахъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Armenian: Ֆիլիպիններ (Filipinner)

[fʲɪlʲɪˈpʲinɨ]

Ru-Филиппины.ogg

Philippines (a country and archipelago in Southeast Asia; capital: Manila)


Estoniya

Estoniya (nominative singular)
Estoniyalar (nominative plural)
Estoniyanı (accusative definite singular)
Estoniyaları (accusative definite plural)
Estoniyaya (dative singular)
Estoniyalara (dative plural)
Estoniyada (locative singular)
Estoniyalarda (locative plural)
Estoniyadan (ablative singular)
Estoniyalardan (ablative plural)
Estoniyanın (definite genitive singular)
Estoniyaların (definite genitive plural)
Estoniyam (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarım (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Estoniyan (nominative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyaların (nominative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyası (nominative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyaları (nominative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyamız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
Estoniyalarımız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
Estoniyanız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyalarınız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyası (nominative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyaları (nominative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyamı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
Estoniyalarımı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
Estoniyanı (accusative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyalarını (accusative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyasını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyalarını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyamızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
Estoniyalarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
Estoniyanızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyalarınızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyasını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyalarını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyama (dative first-person possessive singular)
Estoniyalarıma (dative first-person possessive singular)
Estoniyana (dative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyalarına (dative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyasına (dative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyalarına (dative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyamıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
Estoniyalarımıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
Estoniyanıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyalarınıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyasına (dative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyalarına (dative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyamda (first-person locative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarımda (first-person locative possessive singular)
Estoniyanda (locative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyalarında (locative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyasında (locative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyalarında (locative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyamızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
Estoniyalarımızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
Estoniyanızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyalarınızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyasında (locative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyalarında (locative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyamdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Estoniyalarımdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Estoniyandan (ablative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyalarından (ablative possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyasından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyalarından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyamızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
Estoniyalarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
Estoniyanızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyalarınızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyasından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyalarından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyamın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
Estoniyalarımın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
Estoniyanın (genitive possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyalarının (genitive possessive second-person singular)
Estoniyasının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyalarının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
Estoniyamızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
Estoniyalarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
Estoniyanızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyalarınızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
Estoniyasının (genitive plural possessive third-person)
Estoniyalarının (genitive plural possessive third-person)


Estoniya

Estoniya (nominative singular)
Estoniyalar (nominative plural)
Estoniyaning (genitive singular)
Estoniyalarning (genitive plural)
Estoniyaga (dative singular)
Estoniyalarga (dative plural)
Estoniyani (accusative definite singular)
Estoniyalarni (accusative definite plural)
Estoniyada (locative singular)
Estoniyalarda (locative plural)
Estoniyadan (ablative singular)
Estoniyalardan (ablative plural)
Estoniyadek (singular)
Estoniyalardek (plural)
Estoniyam (nominative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarim (nominative plural possessive)
Estoniyamning (genitive possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimning (genitive plural possessive)
Estoniyamga (dative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimga (dative plural possessive)
Estoniyamni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Estoniyamda (locative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimda (locative plural possessive)
Estoniyamdan (ablative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimdan (ablative plural possessive)
Estoniyamdek (possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimdek (plural possessive)
Estoniyang (nominative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaring (nominative plural possessive)
Estoniyangning (genitive possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringning (genitive plural possessive)
Estoniyangga (dative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringga (dative plural possessive)
Estoniyangni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Estoniyangda (locative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringda (locative plural possessive)
Estoniyangdan (ablative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringdan (ablative plural possessive)
Estoniyangdek (possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringdek (plural possessive)
Estoniyasi (nominative possessive singular)
Estoniyalari (nominative plural possessive)
Estoniyasining (genitive possessive singular)
Estoniyalarining (genitive plural possessive)
Estoniyasiga (dative possessive singular)
Estoniyalariga (dative plural possessive)
Estoniyasini (accusative definite possessive singular)
Estoniyalarini (accusative definite plural possessive)
Estoniyasida (locative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarida (locative plural possessive)
Estoniyasidan (ablative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaridan (ablative plural possessive)
Estoniyasidek (possessive singular)
Estoniyalaridek (plural possessive)
Estoniyamiz (nominative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimiz (nominative plural possessive)
Estoniyamizning (genitive possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimizning (genitive plural possessive)
Estoniyamizga (dative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimizga (dative plural possessive)
Estoniyamizni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimizni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Estoniyamizda (locative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimizda (locative plural possessive)
Estoniyamizdan (ablative possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimizdan (ablative plural possessive)
Estoniyamizdek (possessive singular)
Estoniyalarimizdek (plural possessive)
Estoniyangiz (nominative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringiz (nominative plural possessive)
Estoniyangizning (genitive possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringizning (genitive plural possessive)
Estoniyangizga (dative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringizga (dative plural possessive)
Estoniyangizni (accusative definite possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringizni (accusative definite plural possessive)
Estoniyangizda (locative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringizda (locative plural possessive)
Estoniyangizdan (ablative possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringizdan (ablative plural possessive)
Estoniyangizdek (possessive singular)
Estoniyalaringizdek (plural possessive)
Estoniyasidek (possessive)
Estoniyalaridek (possessive)


Észtország

Észtország (nominative singular)
Észtországot (accusative singular)
Észtországnak (dative singular)
Észtországgal (instrumental singular)
Észtországért (causal-final singular)
Észtországgá (singular translative)
Észtországig (singular terminative)
Észtországként (essive-formal singular)
Észtországban (inessive singular)
Észtországon (singular superessive)
Észtországnál (adessive singular)
Észtországba (illative singular)
Észtországra (singular sublative)
Észtországhoz (allative singular)
Észtországból (elative singular)
Észtországról (delative singular)
Észtországtól (ablative singular)
Észtországé (singular)
Észtországéi (singular)
Észtországom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Észtországod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Észtországa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Észtországunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Észtországotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Észtországuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

Republic of Estonia
Republic of Estonia#English

Estonia (a country in Europe; official name: Republic of Estonia)


Igaunija

Igaunija (nominative singular)
Igaunijas (genitive singular)
Igaunijai (dative singular)
Igauniju (accusative singular)
Igauniju (instrumental singular)
Igaunijā (locative singular)
Igaunija (singular vocative)

Igaunijas karogs

Igaunijas teritorija

Igaunija ir valsts Baltijas jūras austrumu krastā ar daudziem ezeriem un salām

Estonia is a country on the eastern coast of the Baltic sea, with many lakes and islands

Estonia (a country in Baltic, Europe; capital: Tallinn)


Estónia

Estonia (a country in Europe; capital: Taline)


Эстония

Estonia (a country in Eastern Europe; capital: Tallinn)


Эстония

head

Эстония • (Estońija)


Эстония

Эстония • (Estoniya) (Arabic spelling ەستونئيا)

Estoniya (romanization)
ەستونئيا (Arabic)
Эстония (nominative singular)
Эстониянын (genitive singular)
Эстонияга (dative singular)
Эстонияны (accusative singular)
Эстонияда (locative singular)
Эстониядан (ablative singular)
Эстониям (first-person nominative singular)
Эстониямдын (first-person genitive singular)
Эстонияма (dative first-person singular)
Эстониямды (accusative first-person singular)
Эстониямда (first-person locative singular)
Эстониямдан (ablative first-person singular)
Эстонияң (informal nominative second-person singular)
Эстонияңдын (genitive informal second-person singular)
Эстонияңа (dative informal second-person singular)
Эстонияңды (accusative informal second-person singular)
Эстонияңда (informal locative second-person singular)
Эстонияңдан (ablative informal second-person singular)
Эстонияңыз (formal nominative second-person singular)
Эстонияңыздын (formal genitive second-person singular)
Эстонияңызга (dative formal second-person singular)
Эстонияңызды (accusative formal second-person singular)
Эстонияңызда (formal locative second-person singular)
Эстонияңыздан (ablative formal second-person singular)

Borrowed from Russian Эстония (Estonija), from Medieval Latin Estonia.


Эстония

Эстония • (Estonijä)

Estonijä (romanization)
Эстония (indefinite nominative singular)
Эстониянь (genitive indefinite singular)
Эстониянди (dative indefinite singular)
Эстонияда (ablative indefinite singular)
Эстонияса (indefinite inessive singular)
Эстонияста (elative indefinite singular)
Эстонияс (illative indefinite singular)
Эстониява (indefinite prolative singular)
Эстонияшка (comparative indefinite singular)
Эстониякс (indefinite singular translative)
Эстонияфтома (abessive indefinite singular)
Эстониянкса (causative indefinite singular)
Эстониясь (definite nominative singular)
Эстониять (definite genitive singular)
Эстонияти (dative definite singular)

Borrowed from Russian Эсто́ния (Estónija, “Estonia”).

N. N. BARANSKIJ (1934) SSSR-ť GEOGRAFIJAC // VASENCe PÄLKSS [USSR Geography // Part One]
(..) марнек территориясна (кода Финляндиясь, Эстониясь, Латвиясь) или синь оцю пялькссна (Польшась) тиевсть оцязоронь Россиять моданзон эзда.
(..) marnek territorijäsna (koda Finländijäś, Estonijäś , Latvijäś) ili siń oću päĺkssna (Poĺšaś) tijevsť ocäzoroń Rossijäť modanzon ezda.


Эстония

ru-proper noun+

Эсто́ния • (Estónija) f inan (genitive Эсто́нии, relational adjective эсто́нский)

Эсто́ния (canonical)
Estónija (romanization)
Эсто́нии (genitive)
эсто́нский (adjective relational)
Эсто́ния (nominative singular)
Эсто́нии (genitive singular)
Эсто́нии (dative singular)
Эсто́нию (accusative singular)
Эсто́нией (instrumental singular)
Эсто́ниею (instrumental singular)
Эсто́нии (prepositional singular)

→ Eastern Mari: Эстоний (estońij)

→ Ingrian: Estonia

→ Kyrgyz: Эстония (Estoniya)

→ Moksha: Эстония (Estonijä)

Ru-Эстония.ogg

From Medieval Latin Estonia. Compare also Эстля́ндия (Estljándija).

Эсто́нія — Pre-reform orthography (1918)


Естонија

mk-proper noun

Естонија • (Estonija) f (relational adjective естонски)

Estonija (romanization)
естонски (adjective relational)


Естонија

Ѐсто̄нија (canonical feminine)
Èstōnija (romanization)
Естонија (nominative singular)
Естоније (genitive singular)
Естонији (dative singular)
Естонију (accusative singular)
Естонијо (singular vocative)
Естонији (locative singular)
Естонијом (instrumental singular)


Естонія

uk-proper noun

Есто́нія<sg>

Есто́нія • (Estónija) f inan (genitive Есто́нії, uncountable, relational adjective есто́нський)

Есто́нія (canonical)
Estónija (romanization)
Есто́нії (genitive)
есто́нський (adjective relational)
Есто́нія (nominative singular)
Есто́нії (genitive singular)
Есто́нії (dative singular)
Есто́нію (accusative singular)
Есто́нією (instrumental singular)
Есто́нії (locative singular)
Есто́ніє (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

Есто́нія<sg>


Эстонія

be-proper noun

Эсто́нія<sg>

Эсто́нія • (Estónija) f inan (genitive Эсто́ніі, uncountable, relational adjective эсто́нскі)

Эсто́нія (canonical)
Estónija (romanization)
Эсто́ніі (genitive)
эсто́нскі (adjective relational)
Эсто́нія (nominative singular)
Эсто́ніі (genitive singular)
Эсто́ніі (dative singular)
Эсто́нію (accusative singular)
Эсто́ніяй (instrumental singular)
Эсто́ніяю (instrumental singular)
Эсто́ніі (locative singular)

be-ndecl

Эсто́нія<sg>


Estonija

sh-proper noun

Èstōnija f (Cyrillic spelling Ѐсто̄нија)

Èstōnija (canonical feminine)
Ѐсто̄нија (Cyrillic)
Estonija (nominative singular)
Estonije (genitive singular)
Estoniji (dative singular)
Estoniju (accusative singular)
Estonijo (singular vocative)
Estoniji (locative singular)
Estonijom (instrumental singular)


Estonija

Estọ́nija (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Estónija (nominative singular)
Estónije (genitive singular)
Estóniji (dative singular)
Estónijo (accusative singular)
Estóniji (locative singular)
Estónijo (instrumental singular)


إستونيا

ar-proper noun

إِسْتُونِيَا

إِسْتُونِيَا • (ʾistōniyā) f

إِسْتُونِيَا (canonical)
ʾistōniyā (romanization)
إِسْتُونِيَا (definite informal invariable singular)
إِسْتُونِيَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
إِسْتُونِيَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
إِسْتُونِيَا (definite genitive invariable singular)

ar-decl-noun

إِسْتُونِيَا


إستونيا

acw-proper noun

إستونيا • (ʔistōnya) f

bor

إِسْتُونِيَا

Arabic إِسْتُونِيَا (ʔistōniyā)


Естония

bg-proper noun

Есто́ния • (Estónija) f (relational adjective есто́нски)

Есто́ния (canonical)
Estónija (romanization)
есто́нски (adjective relational)
Есто́ния (indefinite singular)
Есто́нийо (singular vocative)


Эстони

Estoni (romanization)
Эстонин (genitive)


Estonsko

cs-proper noun

Estonsko n (relational adjective estonský, demonym Estonec, female demonym Estonka)

estonský (adjective relational)
Estonec (demonym)
Estonka (demonym feminine)
Estonsko (nominative singular)
Estonska (genitive singular)
Estonsku (dative singular)
Estonsko (accusative singular)
Estonsko (singular vocative)
Estonsku (locative singular)
Estonskem (instrumental singular)


Estónsko

sk-proper noun

Estónsko n (genitive singular Estónska, declension pattern of mesto, relational adjective estónsky, demonym Estónec, female demonym Estónka)

Estónska (genitive singular)
mesto (declension-pattern-of)
estónsky (adjective relational)
Estónec (demonym)
Estónka (demonym feminine)
Estónsko (nominative singular-only)
Estónska (genitive singular-only)
Estónsku (dative singular-only)
Estónsko (accusative singular-only)
Estónsku (locative singular-only)
Estónskom (instrumental singular-only)


Εσθονία

Esthonía (romanization)
Εσθονία (nominative singular)
Εσθονίας (genitive singular)
Εσθονία (accusative singular)
Εσθονία (singular vocative)


אסטוניה

he-proper noun

אֶסְטוֹנְיָה

אֶסְטוֹנְיָה • (estónya) f

אֶסְטוֹנְיָה (canonical)
estónya (romanization)

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


एस्टोनिया

hi-proper noun

एस्टोनिया • (esṭoniyā) m (Urdu spelling ایسٹونیا or استونیا)

esṭoniyā (romanization)
ایسٹونیا (Urdu)
استونیا (Urdu)
एस्टोनिया (direct singular)
एस्टोनिया (oblique singular)
एस्टोनिया (singular vocative)

hi:एस्टोनिया


एस्टोनिया

head

एस्टोनिया • (esṭoniyā) ?

mr-proper noun

एस्टोनिया • (esṭoniyā) ?

mr:एस्टोनिया


Éstonia

Éstonia (nominative)
Éstonianıñ (genitive)
Éstoniaga (dative)
Éstonianı (accusative)
Éstoniada (locative)
Éstoniadan (ablative)


Lestiyän

Lestiyän (nominative singular)
Lestiyäna (genitive singular)
Lestiyäne (dative singular)
Lestiyäni (accusative singular)
o Lestiyän! (singular vocative)
Lestiyänu (predicative singular)


Estlánda

Estlánda (nominative singular)
Estlánddat (nominative plural)
Estlándda (accusative singular)
Estlánddaid (accusative plural)
Estlándda (genitive singular)
Estlánddaid (genitive plural)
Estlándii (illative singular)
Estlánddaide (illative plural)
Estlánddas (locative singular)
Estlánddain (locative plural)
Estlánddain (comitative singular)
Estlánddaiguin (comitative plural)
Estlándan (essive)
Estlándan (first-person possessive singular)
Estlándame (dual first-person possessive)
Estlándamet (first-person plural possessive)
Estlándat (possessive second-person singular)
Estlándade (dual possessive second-person)
Estlándadet (plural possessive second-person)
Estlándas (possessive singular third-person)
Estlándaska (dual possessive third-person)
Estlándaset (plural possessive third-person)


Norga

Norga (nominative singular)
Norgga (accusative singular)
Norgga (genitive singular)
Norgii (illative singular)
Norggas (locative singular)
Norggain (comitative singular)
Norgan (essive)
Norgan (first-person possessive singular)
Norgame (dual first-person possessive)
Norgamet (first-person plural possessive)
Norgat (possessive second-person singular)
Norgade (dual possessive second-person)
Norgadet (plural possessive second-person)
Norgas (possessive singular third-person)
Norgaska (dual possessive third-person)
Norgaset (plural possessive third-person)

Sámit ásset Norggas ja Suomas.

Norway (a country in Scandinavia, in northern Europe)


Ruošša

Ruošˈša (canonical)
Ruošˈša (nominative singular)
Ruošša (accusative singular)
Ruošša (genitive singular)
Rūšˈšii (illative singular)
Ruoššas (locative singular)
Ruoššain (comitative singular)
Ruošˈšan (essive)

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Estteeana

Estteeana (nominative singular)
Estteeatnamat (nominative plural)
Estteeatnama (accusative singular)
Estteeatnamiid (accusative plural)
Estteeatnama (genitive singular)
Estteeatnamiid (genitive plural)
Estteeatnamii (illative singular)
Estteeatnamiidda (illative plural)
Estteeatnamis (locative singular)
Estteeatnamiin (locative plural)
Estteeatnamiin (comitative singular)
Estteeatnamiiguin (comitative plural)
Estteeanan (essive)
Estteeatnaman (first-person possessive singular)
Estteeatnameamẹ (dual first-person possessive)
Estteeatnameamẹt (first-person plural possessive)
Estteeatnamat (possessive second-person singular)
Estteeatnameattẹ (dual possessive second-person)
Estteeatnameattẹt (plural possessive second-person)
Estteeatnamis (possessive singular third-person)
Estteeatnameaskkạ (dual possessive third-person)
Estteeatnameasẹt (plural possessive third-person)


Islánda

Islánda (nominative singular)
Islándda (accusative singular)
Islándda (genitive singular)
Islándii (illative singular)
Islánddas (locative singular)
Islánddain (comitative singular)
Islándan (essive)
Islándan (first-person possessive singular)
Islándame (dual first-person possessive)
Islándamet (first-person plural possessive)
Islándat (possessive second-person singular)
Islándade (dual possessive second-person)
Islándadet (plural possessive second-person)
Islándas (possessive singular third-person)
Islándaska (dual possessive third-person)
Islándaset (plural possessive third-person)


Dánmárku

Dánmárku (nominative singular)
Dánmárkku (accusative singular)
Dánmárkku (genitive singular)
Dánmárkkọ (genitive singular)
Dánmárkui (illative singular)
Dánmárkkus (locative singular)
Dánmárkkūin (comitative singular)
Dánmárkun (essive)
Dánmárkon (first-person possessive singular)
Dánmárkome (dual first-person possessive)
Dánmárkomet (first-person plural possessive)
Dánmárkot (possessive second-person singular)
Dánmárkode (dual possessive second-person)
Dánmárkodet (plural possessive second-person)
Dánmárkus (possessive singular third-person)
Dánmárkuska (dual possessive third-person)
Dánmárkuset (plural possessive third-person)


Duiska

Duiska (nominative singular)
Duiskkat (nominative plural)
Duiskka (accusative singular)
Duiskkaid (accusative plural)
Duiskka (genitive singular)
Duiskkaid (genitive plural)
Duiskii (illative singular)
Duiskkaide (illative plural)
Duiskkas (locative singular)
Duiskkain (locative plural)
Duiskkain (comitative singular)
Duiskkaiguin (comitative plural)
Duiskan (essive)
Duiskan (first-person possessive singular)
Duiskame (dual first-person possessive)
Duiskamet (first-person plural possessive)
Duiskat (possessive second-person singular)
Duiskade (dual possessive second-person)
Duiskadet (plural possessive second-person)
Duiskas (possessive singular third-person)
Duiskaska (dual possessive third-person)
Duiskaset (plural possessive third-person)

From North Germanic, compare Swedish tysk (“German”).

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Frankriika

Frankriika (nominative singular)
Frankriikkat (nominative plural)
Frankriikka (accusative singular)
Frankriikkaid (accusative plural)
Frankriikka (genitive singular)
Frankriikkaid (genitive plural)
Frankriikii (illative singular)
Frankriikkaide (illative plural)
Frankriikkas (locative singular)
Frankriikkain (locative plural)
Frankriikkain (comitative singular)
Frankriikkaiguin (comitative plural)
Frankriikan (essive)
Frankriikan (first-person possessive singular)
Frankriikame (dual first-person possessive)
Frankriikamet (first-person plural possessive)
Frankriikat (possessive second-person singular)
Frankriikade (dual possessive second-person)
Frankriikadet (plural possessive second-person)
Frankriikas (possessive singular third-person)
Frankriikaska (dual possessive third-person)
Frankriikaset (plural possessive third-person)


Vuolleeatnamat

Vuolleeatnamat (nominative plural)
Vuolleeatnamiid (accusative plural)
Vuolleeatnamiid (genitive plural)
Vuolleeatnamiidda (illative plural)
Vuolleeatnamiin (locative plural)
Vuolleeatnamiiguin (comitative plural)
Vuolleeanan (essive)
Vuolleeatnaman (first-person possessive singular)
Vuolleeatnameamẹ (dual first-person possessive)
Vuolleeatnameamẹt (first-person plural possessive)
Vuolleeatnamat (possessive second-person singular)
Vuolleeatnameattẹ (dual possessive second-person)
Vuolleeatnameattẹt (plural possessive second-person)
Vuolleeatnamis (possessive singular third-person)
Vuolleeatnameaskkạ (dual possessive third-person)
Vuolleeatnameasẹt (plural possessive third-person)


Jugoslavia

Jugoslavia (absolutive indefinite)
Jugoslaviak (ergative indefinite)
Jugoslaviari (dative indefinite)
Jugoslaviaren (genitive indefinite)
Jugoslaviarekin (comitative indefinite)
Jugoslaviarengatik (causative indefinite)
Jugoslaviarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Jugoslaviaz (indefinite instrumental)
Jugoslavian (indefinite inessive)
Jugoslaviako (indefinite locative)
Jugoslaviara (allative indefinite)
Jugoslaviaraino (indefinite terminative)
Jugoslaviarantz (directive indefinite)
Jugoslaviarako (destinative indefinite)
Jugoslaviatik (ablative indefinite)
Jugoslaviarik (indefinite partitive)
Jugoslaviatzat (indefinite prolative)

Ultimately from Serbo-Croatian Jugoslavija.

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

Jugoslaviako Errepublika Federal Sozialista


Engõlmō

Engõlmō (nominative singular)
Engõlmō (genitive singular)
Engõlmōdõ (partitive singular)
Engõlmōn (dative singular)
Engõlmōkõks (instrumental singular)
Engõlmōzõ (illative singular)
Engõlmōs (inessive singular)
Engõlmōsõ (inessive singular)
Engõlmōst (elative singular)
Engõlmōstõ (elative singular)
Engõlmōlõ (allative singular)
Engõlmōl (adessive singular)
Engõlmōld (ablative singular)

From engõlmaņ (“Englishman”) + mō (“land”).

Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
Anglija – England; Engõlmō – England
England – England – England


Ēstimō

Ēstimō (nominative singular)
Ēstimō (genitive singular)
Ēstimōdõ (partitive singular)
Ēstimōn (dative singular)
Ēstimōkõks (instrumental singular)
Ēstimōzõ (illative singular)
Ēstimōs (inessive singular)
Ēstimōsõ (inessive singular)
Ēstimōst (elative singular)
Ēstimōstõ (elative singular)
Ēstimōlõ (allative singular)
Ēstimōl (adessive singular)
Ēstimōld (ablative singular)

Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Ēstimō – Eesti – Igaunija
Estonia – Estonia – Estonia

Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
Igaunija – Ēstimō – Estonia
Estonia – Estonia – Estonia


Lețmō

Lețmō (nominative singular)
Lețmō (genitive singular)
Lețmōdõ (partitive singular)
Lețmōn (dative singular)
Lețmōkõks (instrumental singular)
Lețmōzõ (illative singular)
Lețmōs (inessive singular)
Lețmōsõ (inessive singular)
Lețmōst (elative singular)
Lețmōstõ (elative singular)
Lețmōlõ (allative singular)
Lețmōl (adessive singular)
Lețmōld (ablative singular)


Leišmō

Leišmō (nominative singular)
Leišmō (genitive singular)
Leišmōdõ (partitive singular)
Leišmōn (dative singular)
Leišmōkõks (instrumental singular)
Leišmōzõ (illative singular)
Leišmōs (inessive singular)
Leišmōsõ (inessive singular)
Leišmōst (elative singular)
Leišmōstõ (elative singular)
Leišmōlõ (allative singular)
Leišmōl (adessive singular)
Leišmōld (ablative singular)

Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Leišmō – Leedu – Lietuva
Lithuania – Lithuania – Lithuania

Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
Lietuva – Leišmō – Lithuania
Lithuania – Lithuania – Lithuania


Krīevõmō

Krīevõmō (nominative singular)
Krīevõmō (genitive singular)
Krīevõmōdõ (partitive singular)
Krīevõmōn (dative singular)
Krīevõmōkõks (instrumental singular)
Krīevõmōzõ (illative singular)
Krīevõmōs (inessive singular)
Krīevõmōsõ (inessive singular)
Krīevõmōst (elative singular)
Krīevõmōstõ (elative singular)
Krīevõmōlõ (allative singular)
Krīevõmōl (adessive singular)
Krīevõmōld (ablative singular)

Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
Krievija – Krīevõmō – Russia; Russian Federation
Russia – Russia – Russia; Russian Federation


Sūomõmō

Sūomõmō (nominative singular)
Sūomõmō (genitive singular)
Sūomõmōdõ (partitive singular)
Sūomõmōn (dative singular)
Sūomõmōkõks (instrumental singular)
Sūomõmōzõ (illative singular)
Sūomõmōs (inessive singular)
Sūomõmōsõ (inessive singular)
Sūomõmōst (elative singular)
Sūomõmōstõ (elative singular)
Sūomõmōlõ (allative singular)
Sūomõmōl (adessive singular)
Sūomõmōld (ablative singular)

Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Sūomõmō – Soome – Somija
Finland – Finland – Finland

Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
Somija – Sūomõmō – Finland
Finland – Finland – Finland


Rūotšmō

Rūotšmō (nominative singular)
Rūotšmō (genitive singular)
Rūotšmōdõ (partitive singular)
Rūotšmōn (dative singular)
Rūotšmōkõks (instrumental singular)
Rūotšmōzõ (illative singular)
Rūotšmōs (inessive singular)
Rūotšmōsõ (inessive singular)
Rūotšmōst (elative singular)
Rūotšmōstõ (elative singular)
Rūotšmōlõ (allative singular)
Rūotšmōl (adessive singular)
Rūotšmōld (ablative singular)

From rūotš (“Swede”) + mō (“land”), the former from Proto-Finnic *roocci.

Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Rūotšmō – Rootsi – Zviedrija
Sweden – Sweden – Sweden

Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
Zviedrija – Rūotšmō – Sweden
Sweden – Sweden – Sweden


Pūoļmō

Pūoļmō (nominative singular)
Pūoļmō (genitive singular)
Pūoļmōdõ (partitive singular)
Pūoļmōn (dative singular)
Pūoļmōkõks (instrumental singular)
Pūoļmōzõ (illative singular)
Pūoļmōs (inessive singular)
Pūoļmōsõ (inessive singular)
Pūoļmōst (elative singular)
Pūoļmōstõ (elative singular)
Pūoļmōlõ (allative singular)
Pūoļmōl (adessive singular)
Pūoļmōld (ablative singular)

Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Pūoļmō – Poola – Polija
Poland – Poland – Poland

Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
Polija – Pūoļmō – Poland
Poland – Poland – Poland