Taiyuan

"On Wednesday 7th August 1901 a party from T'ai Yüan Fu, consisting of Mr. Duncan, Dr. Creasy Smith, Major Pereira, and Dr. Edwards, arrived to take part in the memorial service ; Mr. Hoste and Mr. Ernest Taylor of the China Inland Mission having arrived a day or two earlier.

[1903 [1901 August 9], “Appendix”, in Fire and Sword in Shansi: The Story of the Martyrdom of Foreigners and Chinese Christians, Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier, →OCLC, page 318:

Shansi (population 12,000,000): On the surface Taiyuan, the capital of Shansi, appears as calm as Sian, only more down at heel. Grass is sprouting in the cracks of the Jap runways on the airfield but smoke rises from the chimneys of foundries and textile plants.[…]
One discovers with shock how deeply the Japanese burrowed into North China. In backwoods Taiyuan there are 25,000 Japanese civilians, most of whom were put down here to mine Shansi’s coal.

1945 November 12, Charles J. V. Murphy, “China Reborn”, in Life, volume 19, number 20, Chicago: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 113, column 1:

The commitment was made at a meeting held in commemoration of Tomb-Sweeping Day and the third anniversary of President Chiang’s passing on April 5, at Yuanshan in front of the Shrine of the 500 Heroes (dedicated to those who fought to the end at Taiyuan, Shansi province, against the Communists in April 1949).

1978 April 9, “Freedom-seekers vow to defeat Reds”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIX, number 14, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Taiyuan, the capital of the province, lies on the upper reaches of the Fen surrounded by irrigated ricelands, orchards and vineyards on the mountain slopes, with enormous seams of coal underground. In Shansi all roads lead to Taiyuan, but the roads that radiate out of Taiyuan in every direction lead nowhere.

1983, William Hinton, “Introduction: Shansi, Land of the Oxhide Lanterns”, in Shenfan, New York: Vintage Books, published 1984, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page xxxiv:

A group of Maoists commemorating the 35th anniversary of Mao Zedong’s death in the northern Chinese city of Taiyuan was violently broken up by police. Chinese authorities have no patience for these Mao-lovers, who seem to have forgotten the former communist leader’s authoritarian streak and retained only the idyllic vision of a fairer society.

2011 September 23, Ségolène Malterre, “Modern-day Maoists worry Chinese authorities”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2015-12-28:

A prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China.

تاي يونا

a prefecture-level city in northern China


Taiyuan

Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)


高平

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Gaoping (a county-level city in Jincheng, Shanxi, China)


Datong

Translingual: Datonglong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 大同 (Dàtóng).

Mr. Xi began proclaiming his dream since taking power five years ago, though he focused much of his early efforts on battling corruption. In Shanxi, the province that includes Datong, investigators have arrested so many corrupt cadres that the national government has declared the region to be in a state of “implosive corruption.”

2017 October 21, Chris Buckley, “In China’s Coal Capital, Xi Jinping’s Dream Remains Elusive”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-10-21, Asia Pacific:

A prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China.


太原

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jyːn²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋian¹¹/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan¹³/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡuan²³/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ jyːn²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋian¹¹/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan¹³/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡuan²³/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, provincial capital, and largest city in Shanxi, in northern China)


大同

→ English: Datong, Tatung

/tä⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰʊŋ²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/

/tä⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰʊŋ²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/

The philosophical sense is from the Book of Rites, Book 9 (《禮記·禮運》)

… In this way (selfish) schemings were repressed and found no development. Robbers, filchers, and rebellious traitors did not show themselves, and hence the outer doors remained open, and were not shut. This was (the period of) what we call the Grand Union.

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

...... Shìgù móu bì ér bù xīng, dàoqiè luànzéi ér bù zuò, gù wàihù ér bù bì, shì wèi dàtóng.

……是故謀閉而不興，盜竊亂賊而不作，故外戶而不閉，是謂大同。

……是故谋闭而不兴，盗窃乱贼而不作，故外户而不闭，是谓大同。

(～市) Datong (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


孝義

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ jiː²²/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡi⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡi³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡi³³/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ jiː²²/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡi⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡi³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡi³³/


Jincheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 晉城／晋城 (Jìnchéng).

/d͡ʒɪnˈt͡ʃɛŋ/

/d͡ʒinˈt͡ʃʌŋ/

A sprawling, mountainous administrative region in the south of Shanxi province, Jincheng is still dominated by coal. Though many pits have been shut, the craggy landscape bears the scars of decades of excessive mining.

2018 November 26, David Stanway, Joseph Campbell, Muyu Xu, Shanghai newsroom, “Smog war casualty: China coal city bears brunt of pollution crackdown”, in Philip McClellan, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-11-27, World News:


臨汾

→ English: Linfen, Lin-fen

/lɐm²¹ fɐn²¹/

/lɐm²¹ fɐn²¹/

(～市) Linfen (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


絳州

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Jiangzhou (a city in Shanxi, China)


呂梁

desc

→ English: Luliang, Lüliang, Lvliang, Lyuliang

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/lɵy̯¹³ lœːŋ²¹/

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/lɵy̯¹³ lœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Lüliang (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


運城

/yn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐn²² sɪŋ²¹/

/yn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐn²² sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Yuncheng (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


陽泉

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

(～市) Yangquan (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


晉中

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Jinzhong (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


晉城

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Jincheng (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


朔州

/ʂu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ʂu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

(～市) Shuozhou (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


忻州

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Xinzhou (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


長治

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡siː²²/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ti⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡siː²²/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ti⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

(～市) Changzhi (a prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China)


原平

/ɥɛn³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Yuanping (a county-level city in Xinzhou, Shanxi, China)


Thái Nguyên

→ English: Thái Nguyên

[tʰaːj˧˦ ŋwiən˧˧]

[tʰaːj˨˩˦ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

[tʰaːj˦˥ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 太原 (“Large Plain”). To indicate the midland topography of the province and around the city.


Jiexiu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 介休 (Jièxiū, “Jie's Rest”). Supposedly named by Ji Chong'er, the Wen Duke of Jin, in his remorse for having killed his loyal subject Jie Zhitui and Jie's mother with an intentional forest fire in the region.

As one example of the wartime orientation of this propaganda, here is part of a leaflet prepared by the CCP-dominated Shansi Sacrifice League and captured by the Japanese Army in Chiehhsiu hsien, Shansi, in September 1938.

[1962, Chalmers A. Johnson, “Peasant Nationalism in China”, in Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power: The Emergence of Revolutionary China 1937-1945, Stanford University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 4:

He spent the rest of his life teaching at Chin-yang (T’ai-yuan), K’uo-hsien, and Chieh-hsiu in Shansi, using these years to master his favorite work, the Book of Changes (Chou i).[…]
After his death at Chieh-hsiu in 1827 Chi-yü, his only son, collected Jun-ti’s miscellaneous essays from his students, which he published posthumously around 1831 in seventeen chüan under the title Tun-ken-chai i-shu (Remaining writings from the Tun-ken Study).

[1975, Fred W. Drake, “A Scholar-Official from Shansi”, in China Charts the World: Hsu Chi-yü and His Geography of 1848, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 10–11:

Hou was born in 1896 in Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province, into a landlord family.

1987, Wolfgang Bartke, “Hou Wailu (侯外庐)”, in Who's Who in the People's Republic of China, 2nd edition, K. G. Saur, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 149:

Gao’s freedom was short-lived, however. Less than three weeks later, the police tracked him to the city of Jiexiu in Shanxi province and searched house-to-house until they found him, Li Fawang, a supporter who helped him escape, told The Associated Press. Gao’s whereabouts are now unknown.

2017 November 17, Christopher Bodeen, “Human rights repression in China seen worsening under Xi”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-08:

A county-level city in Jinzhong, central Shanxi, China.


介休

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kaːi̯³³ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kaːi̯³³ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

Supposedly named by Ji Chong'er, the Wen Duke of Jin, in his remorse for having killed his loyal subject Jie Zhitui and Jie's mother with an intentional forest fire in the region.

(～市) Jiexiu (a county-level city in Jinzhong, Shanxi, China)


Xinzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 忻州 (Xīnzhōu).

Like many gay Chinese growing up at the turn of the millennium, Duan Shuai began his long, deliberate process of coming out online. After school, he would visit the newly opened internet cafe in his hometown, Xinzhou, a small city in Shanxi Province bounded by a veil of mountains.[…]
 When Duan opens up the app anywhere in the country, be it in Beijing’s bustling commercial district Sanlitun or back in Xinzhou, he’ll find an endless scroll of users: cosmopolitan yuppies dressed in drag, rural blue-collar workers with faceless profiles.

2020 March 5, Yi-Ling Liu, “How a Dating App Helped a Generation of Chinese Come Out of the Closet”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-03-06, Feature:


Houma

zh-l

侯馬／侯马 (Hóumǎ)

Having gone to Chiang Chou from Chü-wo by the northern route through Hou-ma, we returned over a bypath through mountains in the south which has been gradually elevated from the Fêng River valley by loess deposit.

[1927, Chi Li, “Archaeological Survey of the Fêng River Valley, Southern Shansi, China”, in Explorations and Field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1926 (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections), volume 78, number 7, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, →OCLC, page 129:

“Team No. 14 arrived at Linfen on the 2nd of February. The fighting in that area was in the vicinity of Houma, but the situation is now stabilized and there lias been no fighting since the arrival of the team.

1946 February 28, “Briefing of Committee of Three and Commissioners, Thursday, February 28, 1946, 4 p.m.”, in Foreign Relations of the United States, volume IX, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, published 1972, →OCLC, page 457:

Between 1969 and 1970 continued excavation of sacrificial pits at the site of the State of Tsin¹⁰ at Houma, Shansi Province, yielded the bones of sacrificial oxen, horses and sheep, jade blades and slips, and other relics from the 5th century B.C.

1972, Hsia Nai, “Archaeological Work During the Cultural Revolution”, in 中国新出土文物 [New Archaeological Finds in China], Peking: Foreign Languages Press, published 1973, →OCLC, page 2:

In addition, nine tombs of the Duan family cemetery with extravagant interior wall reliefs, known as the Macun Tombs, were found in the village of Macun in Jishan County, forty-five miles west of Houma.

2016, Jeehee Hong, “Theater of the Dead”, in Theater of the Dead: A Social Turn in Chinese Funerary Art, 1000-1400, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 75:

A key tenet of Haier’s adaptive strategy is its COSMOPlat industrial IoT platform. This platform supported the establishment of the first autonomous mask production line in Houma, Shanxi with the creation of medical material information sharing platform in 2 days. Its global supply chain provided medical materials for over 400 firms for production of masks, protective clothing, and goggles.

2020 June 15, Guannan Lu, Danny Mu, “Haier’s Adaptive Strategy Wins In The Face Of COVID-19 Challenges”, in Forrester Research, archived from the original on 2022-05-25:

A county-level city in Linfen, Shanxi, China.


侯馬

/xoʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐu̯²¹ maː¹³/

/xoʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐu̯²¹ maː¹³/

(～市) Houma (a county-level city in Linfen, Shanxi, China)


河津

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

(～市) Hejin (a county-level city in Yuncheng, Shanxi, China)


永濟

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐi̯³³/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐi̯³³/

(～市) Yongji (a county-level city in Yuncheng, Shanxi, China)


霍州

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Huozhou (a county-level city in Linfen, Shanxi, China)


汾陽

/fən³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/fən³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Fenyang (a county-level city in Lüliang, Shanxi, China)


古交

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kuː³⁵ kaːu̯⁵⁵/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau³³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kuː³⁵ kaːu̯⁵⁵/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau³³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴/

(～市) Gujiao (a county-level city in Taiyuan, Shanxi, China)


Shuozhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 朔州 (Shuòzhōu).

In northernmost Shansi, Chang had pressed deeply inside the ancient Great Wall, taking first Ta-t’ung and then Shuochou. On May 8, Yen was finally able to mount a counteroffensive, which retook Shuochou and pushed Chang's Ankuochün back out of northern Shansi.

[1976, Donald A. Jordan, “The Peking Campaign: Completion of the Military Unification”, in The Northern Expedition: China's National Revolution of 1926-1928, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 162–163:

The blast occurred Saturday at the Xishui Colliery in Shuozhou, a major coal mining area in Shanxi province.

2005 March 21, “WORLD IN BRIEF”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-22:

All seven cities saw an increase in air pollution during January-May. Readings assessed showed an average concentration of hazardous airborne particles - known as PM2.5 - up by as much as 14.8% in Taiyuan, the provincial capital, and by 16.3% in Shuozhou.

2019 June 20, David Stanway, “China coal hub Shanxi slams seven cities for pollution spike in 2019”, in Sherry Jacob-Phillips, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2019-06-21, Environment:

A prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China.


Daiyenz

Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)


Gujiao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 古交 (Gǔjiāo).

The masses in Kuchiao area organized groups to hunt on the mountains. But, they did not have fowling-pieces and ammunition. When the delegates put forward their demand for these things, 30 guns, 3,000 bullets and 1,000 kilograms of explosives were promptly supplied by the quarters concerned.

[1961, “Taiyuan Municipal People's Council Seriously Handles the Suggestions of the People's Delegates”, in Survey of China Mainland Press, numbers 2549-2569, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 11:

According to sources close to Japanese colliery companies and the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, the plan, based on a Chinese proposal made last month, calls for the development of a steam coal mine in the Yanchow area of Shantung Province and a coking coal mine in the Kuchiao area of Shansi Province.

[1978 November 3, “Tentative Plan for Chinese Coal Field Joint Ventures Formulated”, in The Japan Times, International Airmail edition, volume 82, number 28676, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 40, column 6:

In Taiyuan, the provincial capital, I was told that a new field of high-quality coking coal was being developed in Gujiao, 56 kilometers away.[...]This was intriguing, and I left for Gujiao by bus, accompanied by a comrade from the provincial coal bureau. We first crossed the Luliang mountains, 1,800 meters above sea level. In the valley, a 47-kilometer electric railway has been built, running through 18 tunnels and over seven bridges across the winding Fenhe River. The Xiqu mine in Gujiao, with a capacity of 3 million tons annually, has begun to take shape.

1981 July, Tianshen Wen, “Shanxi Province- China's Largest Coal Base”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXX, number 7, →OCLC, page 16:

The miners were working in the Tunlan Coal Mine in Shanxi Province, the coal mining heartland of China, when the blast occurred at 2:17 a.m. Sunday morning, state-run news agency Xinhua reported. The mine is in city of Gujiao and is run by the Shanxi Coking Coal Group, one of China’s largest producers of coking coal, which is used in steel production.

2009 February 23, Edward Wong, “Chinese Mine Disaster Ends With 74 Dead”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2009-04-16, Asia Pacific:

A county-level city in Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.


Changzhi

/ˌt͡ʃæŋˈd͡ʒiː/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 長治／长治 (Chángzhì).

Businessmen in Changzhi complain that construction projects supported by the local government have also been scaled back.
As a result, Changzhi’s cement plants are saddled by excess capacity. Companies in the province can produce three times as much cement as what was actually needed in 2014, according to the Shanxi Provincial Association of Building Material Industries. Two-thirds of them lost money in that year.

2015 August 28, Michael Schumann, “Zombie Factories Stalk the Sputtering Chinese Economy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-08-30, International Business:


Yangquan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陽泉／阳泉 (Yángquán).

Yangchuan, the leading anthracite producer in China with twelve pairs of mine shafts, fulfilled its 1975 target forty-one days ahead of time and probably produced 7 to 9 million tons during the year.

[1977, K. P. Wang, Mineral Resources and Basic Industries in the People's Republic of China, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 52:

The mayors of Handan in Hebei province and Jincheng and Yangquan in Shanxi province were given the orders after being summoned to a meeting at the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in Beijing on Thursday to account for their actions during a recent campaign against smog.

2018 May 2, Muyu Xu, David Stanway, “China bans new polluting projects in three cities: ministry”, in Philip McClellan, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-05-28:


Jinzhong

/d͡ʒɪnˈd͡ʒɔŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 晉中／晋中 (Jìnzhōng).

5 Tachai-type counties were located in the Chinchung Prefecture. None were in South Shansi.¹² In 1976 the population of Chinchung Prefecture was 2,900,000, which accounts for 12.6% of Shansi's population.

[1980, Jin-young Sou, The Tachai Campaign and China's Rural Policy, 1964-1979, →OCLC, page 433:

Eight people were killed and one was missing in a coal mine accident on Aug. 11 in Jinzhong city in Shanxi province, China's largest coal producing region, the report added.

2017 August 21, Aizhu Chen, “China sacks executives, officials after Shanxi coal mine accident”, in Kim Coghill, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-08-24, COMMODITIES:

In mid-December, a coronavirus wave that ripped through the city of Jinzhong, in Shanxi Province, overstretched its hospitals. Long lines formed outside smaller village clinics, and medical equipment like beds and ventilators ran short. Dr. Guo Xiaohong, a physician at a clinic in the city, said that many had recovered since then, and that visits to her clinic had declined by half. But the New Year travel rush holds with it the possibility of similar episodes elsewhere — or even again in Jinzhong.

2023 January 21, Chang Che, John Liu, “China Cautiously Takes to the Road for Lunar New Year”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-22, Asia Pacific:


Yuanping

Recognition of the heroic stand made last month by the late Major-General Chiang Yu-chen, a Brigadier Commander defending Yuanping, 87 miles north of Taiyuan, the Shansi provincial capital, was given by the Executive Yuan, Nov. 9.

1937 November 20, “Deputy Brigade Commander Li Tsung Dies of Battle Wounds”, in The China Weekly Review, volume 82, number 12, →OCLC, page 284:

The tall, pleasant young mayor of Yuanping county seat in Shansi told Rittenberg, when the latter arrived in that city: “We'll soon be pulling out of town, for Yen's troops are coming to attack and our army is too far away.”
[...]The mayor did not seem much concerned. “Just as we did with the Japs,” he replied. “We'll stay a week or two with the peasants till our troops can come and take Yuanping again.” He proved an accurate prophet. Yuanping was lost and retaken within three weeks. It suffered some looting, but its people were experienced in hiding valuables. The real value lay in the soil of the farms where the grain was growing, untouched by the passing of troops. Any county government the peasants supported could move easily out of Yuanping and back.

1949, Anna Louise Strong, The Chinese Conquer China, Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 214:

These ferries are located in the middle and upper reaches of the Juma River, over 100km to the southwest of Beijing, in an area through which the railway leading to Yuanping, Shanxi Province passes.

1990, Tourist Atlas of Beijing, Beijing: Science Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 29, column 1:

The police found evidence of explosives at the site of a blast at an underground hospital parking garage in northern Shanxi Province that killed at least 33 people on Monday, the government said. The hospital was for employees of the Xuangang Coal and Electricity Company in Yuanping.

2006 April 12, “World Briefing: Asia, Europe and Africa”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-27, World:

A suspected murderer who evaded police for 18 years has been captured in Lichuan, Xinzhou.org reports. The 43-year-old farmer from Yuanping, Shanxi, was wanted over the killing of two women and the attempted kidnapping of another in his hometown in June, 1996.

2014 December 28, Mandy Zuo, “Exploding electric hot-water bottle maims woman”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-12-29, China Insider:

A county-level city in Xinzhou, Shanxi, China.


Xiaoyi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 孝義／孝义 (Xiàoyì).

But amongst our party was an official who had been magistrate at Hsiaoyi, a day's journey further north in the mountains, who affirmed that compared to the latter district, Chenan was a garden; for Hsiaoyi, it seems, has no land tax receipts, and practically no population.[…]
A road runs due south from Hsian, the provincial capital, through the Ch’inling Shan via Hsiaoyi and Chenan to Hsingan on the Han River, being the most direct route between these two important cities, but it is so rough as to be little used.

[1921, Eric Teichman, “From T’ungkuan on the Yellow River Across the Eastern Ch’inling Shan to Hsingan on the Han River”, in Travels of a Consular Officer in North-West China, Cambridge University Press, →OCLC, →OL, page 22:

After the re-capture of Fenyang and Shanchuantseng by the Government troops in Shansi Province, the Communists have retreated to Hsiaoyi. Under the personal direction of the Communist leader, Mao Tze-tung, the Communists are engaged in a serious fight with the Shansi troops near Hsiaoyi, reported Shun Pao March 6.

[1936 March 14, “Shansi Troops Take Offensive Against Reds on All Fronts”, in The China Weekly Review, volume 76, number 2, →OCLC, page 49, column 2:

Investigations into the gas explosions at the Mengnanzhuang coal mine in Xiaoyi city, Shanxi province, which killed seventy-two miners on 22 March 2003; at the Baixing mine in Jixi city, Heilongjiang province, which killed thirty-seven miners on 23 February 2004; and at the Xiangyuangou mine in Jiaocheng county, Shanxi province, which killed twenty-nine miners on 9 March 2005, revealed four common denominators.

2010, Kolya Abramsky, editor, Sparking a Worldwide Energy Revolution: Social Struggles in the Transition to a Post-petrol World, AK Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 418:

Jointly held by Lvliang government and CEIS, the 3rd Belt and Road Seminar on Green Development of Coal Coking Industry kicked off on Saturday in Xiaoyi, a county-level city of Lvliang, north China’s Shanxi province.

2020 October 20, Xinhua Silk Road, “Xinhua Silk Road: Green transformation vital for coal coking dev. and B&R energy cooperation”, in AP News, PR Newswire, archived from the original on 2023-06-19:

A county-level city in Lüliang, Shanxi, China.


Lüliang

The annual losses of topsoil are now over 10,000 tons per km² in Yulin and Yan’an prefectures in Shaanxi and in Lüliang and Xinxian prefectures in Shanxi, and they average 4,000-5,000 tons per km² a year throughout most of the region, whose most eroded parts are now just a lifeless maze of deeply cut narrow and steep-sided gullies (Figure 8).

1984, Vaclav Smil, The Bad Earth: Environmental Degradation in China, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 42:

As stated above, Lüliang prefecture in Shanxi province is the region where the first wasteland auctions were organized in the early 1980s

2004, Rural Development in Transitional China: The New Agriculture, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 129:

Ten counties around Lüliang in Shanxi have been designated national-level or county-level poverty-stricken counties. In all of them, coal accounts for 70-75 percent of government revenues.¹⁹ According to SAWS statistics, between 2003 and 2006 there were 15 mine accidents, which killed 155 people, in Lüliang.

2010, Kolya Abramsky, editor, Sparking a Worldwide Energy Revolution: Social Struggles in the Transition to a Post-petrol World, AK Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 411–412:

Zhang Zhongsheng, ex-deputy mayor of Lüliang, was sentenced to death for accepting bribes and seeking illegal benefits for others with a severe impact on the local economy, according to the Intermediate People's Court in the nearby city of Linfen, the Xinhua News Agency reported.

2018 March 28, Zhao Yusha, “Former deputy mayor of North China city sentenced to immediate death”, in Global Times, archived from the original on 2018-03-28:


Huairen

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 懷仁／怀仁.

(Tayuehkou) brigade in Huaijen County; used to be a unit with old, great and difficult problems. After (Yang Sheng-fu), secretary of the county CCP committee, and several other comrades had stayed there, the brigade was transformed.

[1972 October 19 [1972 October 18], “Democratic Centralism in Shansi County CCP Committees”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 204, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, page F 1:

A newly reported “Mesolithic” workshop site at Eh-mao-k’ou, in Huai-jen county, northern Shansi, with large flakes, thick, pointed implements, hand-axes, and ‘“‘tortoise shell-shaped axes,”’ is regarded as a late manifestation of the K’o-ho-Ting-ts’un series.

[1977, Kwang-chih Chang, “Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Foundations”, in The Archaeology of Ancient China, 3rd edition, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 70:

Quarry-workshops are among the scarcest archaeological site-types in China; only the Neolithic localities of Xiqiaoshan in Nanhai County, Guangdong (Guangdong Provincial Museum 1959; Huang et al. 1982; Zhongshan University Investigation Group 1959), and E'maokou^([sic – meaning Emaokou]) in Huairen County, Shanxi (Jia and You 1973), have been investigated to any significant extent.

1985, Yuping Wang, John W. Olsen, “Aspects of the Inner Mongolian Palaeolithic”, in Palaeoanthropology and Palaeolithic Archaeology in the People's Republic of China, Academic Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 244:

For a case study of Huaijen County of Shanxi in 1984, see Zhao Shengron^([sic]), in Lilun jiaoyu, pp. 8-11. In this county more than half of the peasants who traveled constantly to engage in trade away from home were party members.

[1991, Hsi-sheng Ch’i, “Notes”, in Politics of Disillusionment: The Chinese Communist Party under Deng Xiaoping, 1978-1989, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 313-314:

If Mengniu had started out in north Shanxi in Shuozhou, it would have violated its identity as a good follower. Instead, Mengniu started in Huairen, even further away from Shuozhou than Shanyin, which was recognized as the centre of milk production in that region. At that particular moment, Huairen had just decided to develop its own dairy industry, knowing that it had to compete with 'sister' counties like Shanyin. In a way, Huairen County was taking on a role as market expander, like Mengniu in the Huhhot region. Starting interactions with a number of parties in north Shanxi, Mengniu was likely to have the most efficient interaction with Huairen. With 'efficient' I mean to say that the interaction between Mengniu and the Huairen County government would more quickly lead to the construction of a sensible environment (Weick 1995: 30-38) than with any other party in that area.

2006, Peter J. Peverelli, Chinese Corporate Identity, Routledge, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 136:

A county-level city in Shuozhou, Shanxi, China.


Linfen

臨汾／临汾 (Línfén)

Headquarters of the Second War Zone was at that time at Linfen, a sizable city on the railway in the southern half of Shansi, jammed now with soldiers, officials and refugees from the North.

1938, Anna Louise Strong, One-Fifth of Mankind, New York: Modern Age Books, →OCLC, page 121:

The village is on the outskirts of Linfen, an industrial city of 4.4 million which was once ranked among the world’s most heavily polluted cities, a consequence of the unregulated boom of steel and other industries locating factories close to their fuel source. Like much of northeastern China, even this region has enjoyed an unusual respite from the smog.

2018 February 10, Steven Lee Myers, “In China’s Coal Country, a Ban Brings Blue Skies and Cold Homes”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-02-10, Asia Pacific:

China coal hub Linfen in central province Shanxi, one of the most polluted cities in the nation, plans to extend its winter restrictions on heavy industries to the end of the third quarter this year as it strives to meet air quality targets.

2019 April 15, Muyu Xu, David Stanway, “China coal hub Linfen to extend anti-pollution curbs to third quarter: draft plan”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2019-04-15, Sustainable Business:


Huozhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 霍州 (Huòzhōu).

Braving the snow, Xi on Wednesday went to Fengnanyuan Village of Huozhou City, where he visited people affected by the flooding last year that disrupted the lives of 1.76 million residents in Shanxi.

2022 January 27, “CGTN: Celebrating Lunar New Year, China embarks on new journey”, in CGTN via PR Newswire via AP News, archived from the original on 2022-01-28:

In Huozhou city in the northern province of Shanxi, some low-lying houses faced stagnant water breaches, as floods from heavy rain trapped some residents in their buildings, the broadcaster said.

2023 August 12, Engen Tham, “Floods, mudslides kill two in northwestern China city”, in Miral Fahmy, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-08-14, China:


Fenyang

The walled city of Fenyang, with a population of over 20,000, was a sizable objective. It was the most important Japanese base in this area outside of the provincial capital of Taiyuan itself, and a principal concentration point for the start of large-scale mopping-up operations.

1945, Harrison Forman, Report from Red China, New York: Book Find Club, →OCLC, →OL, page 229:

Hsiung-lien had borrowed 550 taels from Chang Luan and left the original group of four in Fenyang, Shansi, to proceed to Peking to visit his aged mother.

1977, Preston M. Torbert, The Chʻing Imperial Household Department: a Study of its Organization and Principal Functions, 1662-1796, Harvard University Press, →OCLC, page 159:

Charting modern China's breakneck pace is a staple of Jia Zhangke's cinema. In his latest film, the Fenyang-born director once again delves into the social and economic upheavals that have led his country to raise and flatten mountains – real or imaginary – as though they were toys.

2015 December 23, Benjamin Dodman, “Film review: ‘Mountains May Depart’ probes China’s latest leap forward”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2015-12-23:

The Brazilian director Walter Salles, whose work has somewhat similar themes to Mr. Jia’s, has produced an admiring documentary portrait of the filmmaker, “Jia Zhangke, a Guy From Fenyang,” shot a few years back when Mr. Jia was preparing “A Touch of Sin” for release in China, which was subsequently denied. It begins with Mr. Jia revisiting his hometown, Fenyang, in the Shanxi province of northern China, and looking at the now-ruined locations of his early films.

2016 May 26, Glenn Kenny, “Review: ‘Jia Zhangke, a Guy From Fenyang,’ a Portrait of a Visionary Filmmaker”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-05-30, Movies:


Yuncheng

Wenxi County and the nearby city of Yuncheng have dispatched experts to figure out how to run Haixin, which was closely held by Mr. Li, his family and his business partners.

2003 February 1, Joseph Kahn, “In China, Quick Rise And Death Of a Tycoon”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27, World:

At Haiquan School, in Yuncheng, a city in northern Shanxi Province, thousands of boarding students from first to 12th grade were ordered to stay on campus for at least four weeks.

2022 November 16, Muyi Xiao, Isabelle Qian, Ang Li, Amy Chang Chien, Vivian Wang, “What Videos Show About the Extremes of China’s ‘Zero-Covid’ Policy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-11-16, Asia Pacific:


Hejin

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 河津 (Héjīn).

After 20 days of hard work, a 110-kw high-tension power line running from the (Hsiajihkou) transformer station in Hancheng County, Shensi, to the (Nanfeneping) transformer station in Hochin County, Shansi, has been successfully completed and will go into operation on the eve of the spring festival.

[1978 February 8 [1978 January 30], “Shansi Power Line”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 27, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, page K 7:

A thermal power plant will be set up in Hsiangning to produce power from local coal which, together with power from the projected Lungmen power plant, will serve to pro- duce aluminum from the big bauxite mine at Hochin to its south.

[1978 December, Rewi Alley, “Shansi 1978”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVII, number 12, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 18, column 1:

The school is owned by the South Pacific Corporation, and that is owned by a Hainan millionaire. He also owns a steel plant in HeJin town near Yuncheng, and many plantations on Hainan Island.

[1997, Justin Hill, A Bend in the Yellow River, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 251:

The mine, sitting astride Xiangning county and Hejin city, covers about 180 sq km, Xinhua said, adding that the mining zone holds more than 2.3 billion tons of coal reserves, including nearly 1.04 billion tons of proven reserves.

2010 March 28, Benjamin Kang Lim, “Flood in new China coal mine traps 123 miners”, in Tim Pearce, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2016-01-30, World News:

A county-level city in Yuncheng, Shanxi, China.


Yongji

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永濟／永济 (Yǒngjì).

On Thursday, the police arrested two labor inspectors from Yongji city in Shanxi who were accused of negligence and abuse of their powers, Xinhua reported.

2007 June 23, David Lague, “China Tries to Contain Scandal Over Slave Labor With Arrests and Apology”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2009-04-09, Asia Pacific:


Gaoping

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 高平 (Gāopíng).

Interlude at Kaoping
We left Tsincheng early one morning for Changchih County and drove first to Kaoping where we halted for a while to see a modern silk weaving and dyeing factory set up in 1960 there, which by 1971 was producing 1,850,000 metres of woven and dyed material, with a value of 4,200,000 yuan.
Kaoping I had known in the past as a famous place for its pears, which are especially juicy.

[1973, Rewi Alley, “New Life of a 3,000-year-old City and Its Surroundings”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XII, number 3, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 20, column 1:

Feng Ying-ts’e is a native of Chi-t’an Village, Kao-p’ing hsien, Shansi Province, and a member of San-chia People’s Commune there.[...]Under the Party's direction, she was involved in communication and liaison missions in the border area of the three hsien of Chin-ch’eng, Ling-ch’uan, and Kao-p’ing.

[1976, Sidney L. Greenblatt, editor, The People of Taihang, White Plains, NY: International Arts and Sciences Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 110, 196:

But it said the pit dates to the cruelest military campaign of the Warring States period of 476 to 221 B.C. When commander Zhao Kuo was killed, 300,000 of his troops surrendered to rival Qin forces. All were buried alive.
The pit was discovered in Gaoping, a city 350 miles southwest of Beijing in central China’s Shaanxi^([sic – meaning Shanxi]) province.

1995 October 31, “Archaeologists Find Remains of Soldiers Buried Alive 2,000 Years Ago”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-17:

More senior officials from Shanxi are under investigation for alleged corruption, the latest in a series of anti-graft probes focused on the coal-rich province.
The government's anti-corruption investigation department said yesterday that the mayor of Gaoping, Yang Xiaobo, and the deputy head of the work committee for the provincial Communist Party, Guo Zhongshi, were accused of "serious violations of discipline", a term often used to describe graft.

2014 May 1, Zhang Hong, “More Shanxi officials investigated for corruption”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-05-03, China:

A county-level city in Jincheng, Shanxi, China.