polnisch

de-adj

polnisch (strong nominative masculine singular polnischer, comparative polnischer, superlative am polnischsten)

polnischer (masculine nominative singular strong)
polnischer (comparative)
am polnischsten (superlative)
polnisch (masculine predicative singular)
polnisch (feminine predicative singular)
polnisch (neuter predicative singular)
polnisch (plural predicative)
polnischer (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
polnische (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
polnisches (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
polnische (nominative plural strong without-article)
polnischen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
polnischer (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
polnischen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
polnischer (genitive plural strong without-article)
polnischem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
polnischer (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
polnischem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
polnischen (dative plural strong without-article)
polnischen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
polnische (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
polnisches (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
polnische (accusative plural strong without-article)
der polnische (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die polnische (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das polnische (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die polnischen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des polnischen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der polnischen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des polnischen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der polnischen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem polnischen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der polnischen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem polnischen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den polnischen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den polnischen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die polnische (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das polnische (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die polnischen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein polnischer (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine polnische (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein polnisches (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
polnischen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine polnischen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines polnischen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer polnischen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines polnischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
polnischen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner polnischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem polnischen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer polnischen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem polnischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
polnischen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen polnischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen polnischen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine polnische (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein polnisches (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
polnischen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine polnischen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
polnischer (comparative masculine predicative singular)
polnischer (comparative feminine predicative singular)
polnischer (comparative neuter predicative singular)
polnischer (comparative plural predicative)
polnischerer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
polnischere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
polnischeres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
polnischere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
polnischeren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
polnischerer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
polnischeren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
polnischerer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
polnischerem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
polnischerer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
polnischerem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
polnischeren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
polnischeren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
polnischere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
polnischeres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
polnischere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der polnischere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die polnischere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das polnischere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die polnischeren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des polnischeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der polnischeren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des polnischeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der polnischeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem polnischeren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der polnischeren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem polnischeren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den polnischeren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den polnischeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die polnischere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das polnischere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die polnischeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein polnischerer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine polnischere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein polnischeres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
polnischeren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine polnischeren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines polnischeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer polnischeren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines polnischeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
polnischeren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner polnischeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem polnischeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer polnischeren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem polnischeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
polnischeren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen polnischeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen polnischeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine polnischere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein polnischeres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
polnischeren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine polnischeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am polnischsten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am polnischsten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am polnischsten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am polnischsten (plural predicative superlative)
polnischster (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischstes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
polnischsten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischster (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischsten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischster (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
polnischstem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischster (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischstem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischsten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
polnischsten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischstes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
polnischste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der polnischste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die polnischste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das polnischste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die polnischsten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des polnischsten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der polnischsten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des polnischsten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der polnischsten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem polnischsten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der polnischsten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem polnischsten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den polnischsten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den polnischsten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die polnischste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das polnischste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die polnischsten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein polnischster (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine polnischste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein polnischstes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
polnischsten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine polnischsten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines polnischsten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer polnischsten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines polnischsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
polnischsten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner polnischsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem polnischsten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer polnischsten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem polnischsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
polnischsten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen polnischsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen polnischsten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine polnischste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein polnischstes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
polnischsten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine polnischsten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

(relational) Polish (of Poland or its language)


zlotý

zlotý (nominative singular)
zloté (nominative plural)
zlotého (genitive singular)
zlotých (genitive plural)
zlotému (dative singular)
zlotým (dative plural)
zlotý (accusative singular)
zloté (accusative plural)
zlotý (singular vocative)
zloté (plural vocative)
zlotém (locative singular)
zlotých (locative plural)
zlotým (instrumental singular)
zlotými (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Polish złoty. Doublet of zlatý.


galicien

fr-adj

galicien (feminine galicienne, masculine plural galiciens, feminine plural galiciennes)

galicienne (feminine)
galiciens (masculine plural)
galiciennes (feminine plural)

Galician (from either Galicia in Spain or Galicia in Eastern Europe)


Gdaňsk

cs-proper noun

Gdaňsk m inan (related adjective gdaňský)

gdaňský (adjective)
Gdaňsk (nominative singular)
Gdaňska (genitive singular)
Gdaňsku (genitive singular)
Gdaňsku (dative singular)
Gdaňsk (accusative singular)
Gdaňsku (singular vocative)
Gdaňsku (locative singular)
Gdaňskem (instrumental singular)

Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Gdańsk (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


śląski

pl-adj

śląski (not comparable, no derived adverb, abbreviation śl.)

śl. (abbreviation)
śląski (masculine nominative singular)
śląska (feminine nominative singular)
śląskie (neuter nominative singular)
śląscy (nominative plural virile)
śląskie (nominative plural)
śląskiego (genitive masculine singular)
śląskiej (feminine genitive singular)
śląskiego (genitive neuter singular)
śląskich (genitive plural)
śląskich (genitive plural virile)
śląskiemu (dative masculine singular)
śląsku (archaic dative masculine singular)
śląskiej (dative feminine singular)
śląskiemu (dative neuter singular)
śląsku (archaic dative neuter singular)
śląskim (dative plural)
śląskim (dative plural virile)
śląskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
śląski (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
śląską (accusative feminine singular)
śląskie (accusative neuter singular)
śląskich (accusative plural virile)
śląskie (accusative plural)
śląskim (instrumental masculine singular)
śląską (feminine instrumental singular)
śląskim (instrumental neuter singular)
śląskimi (instrumental plural)
śląskimi (instrumental plural virile)
śląskim (locative masculine singular)
śląskiej (feminine locative singular)
śląskim (locative neuter singular)
śląskich (locative plural)
śląskich (locative plural virile)

(relational) Silesian (of or pertaining to Silesia)


polszczyzna

polszczyzna (nominative singular)
polszczyzny (genitive singular)
polszczyźnie (dative singular)
polszczyznę (accusative singular)
polszczyzną (instrumental singular)
polszczyźnie (locative singular)
polszczyzno (singular vocative)


Poznań

A city in Poland, alternative spelling of Poznan


Poznań

Poznań (nominative singular)
Poznania (genitive singular)
Poznaniowi (dative singular)
Poznań (accusative singular)
Poznaniem (instrumental singular)
Poznaniu (locative singular)
Poznaniu (singular vocative)

Possessive form of the Old Polish name Poznan, itself from poznać (“to learn, to get to know (a person)”).

Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship#English

Poznan (the capital city of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


pieróg

pl-noun

pieróg m inan (diminutive pierożek, related adjective pierogowy)

pierożek (diminutive)
pierogowy (adjective)
pieróg (nominative singular)
pierogi (nominative plural)
pieroga (genitive singular)
pierogów (genitive plural)
pierogowi (dative singular)
pierogom (dative plural)
pieróg (accusative singular)
pieroga (accusative singular)
pierogi (accusative plural)
pierogiem (instrumental singular)
pierogami (instrumental plural)
pierogu (locative singular)
pierogach (locative plural)
pierogu (singular vocative)
pierogi (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish piróg, from Proto-Slavic *pirogъ.

pirog (baked case of dough with a sweet or savoury filling, popular in Eastern Europe)


Karpaty

Karpaty (nominative plural)
Karpat (genitive plural)
Karpatom (dative plural)
Karpaty (accusative plural)
Karpatami (instrumental plural)
Karpatach (locative plural)
Karpaty (plural vocative)

Carpathian Mountains
Carpathian Mountains#English


Tatry

Tatry (nominative plural)
Tatr (genitive plural)
Tatrom (dative plural)
Tatry (accusative plural)
Tatrami (instrumental plural)
Tatrach (locative plural)
Tatry (plural vocative)

Tatra Mountains (a mountain range in Carpathians)


powiat

powiat m inan (diminutive powiacik, related adjective powiatowy)

powiacik (diminutive)
powiatowy (adjective)
powiat (nominative singular)
powiaty (nominative plural)
powiatu (genitive singular)
powiatów (genitive plural)
powiatowi (dative singular)
powiatom (dative plural)
powiat (accusative singular)
powiaty (accusative plural)
powiatem (instrumental singular)
powiatami (instrumental plural)
powiecie (locative singular)
powiatach (locative plural)
powiecie (singular vocative)
powiaty (plural vocative)

→ English: powiat

powiat, county (second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, between gmina and województwo)

(metonymically) powiat (people living in such a division)

(government, metonymically) powiat office (headquarters of such a district)

(government, metonymically) powiat authorities (people in charge of such a district)


województwo

województwo n (related adjective wojewódzki)

wojewódzki (adjective)
województwo (nominative singular)
województwa (nominative plural)
województwa (genitive singular)
województw (genitive plural)
województwu (dative singular)
województwom (dative plural)
województwo (accusative singular)
województwa (accusative plural)
województwem (instrumental singular)
województwami (instrumental plural)
województwie (locative singular)
województwach (locative plural)
województwo (singular vocative)
województwa (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish województwo. By surface analysis, wojewoda + -ztwo. Compare Kashubian wòjewództwò.

voivodeship (third-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, above powiat and gmina)

(metonymically) voivodeship (people living in such a division)

(government, metonymically) voivodeship office (headquarters of such a district)

(government, metonymically) voivodeship authorities (people in charge of such a district)

(government, metonymically, obsolete) voivodeship (position of a voivode)


zł

Abbreviation of złoty (the currency of Poland)


Waršawa

Waršawa (nominative singular uncountable)
Waršawy (genitive singular uncountable)
Waršawje (dative singular uncountable)
Waršawu (accusative singular uncountable)
Waršawu (instrumental singular uncountable)
Waršawje (locative singular uncountable)


Waršawa

Waršawa (nominative singular)
Waršawje (dual nominative)
Waršawy (nominative plural)
Waršawy (genitive singular)
Waršawow (dual genitive)
Waršawow (genitive plural)
Waršawje (dative singular)
Waršawomaj (dative dual)
Waršawam (dative plural)
Waršawu (accusative singular)
Waršawje (accusative dual)
Waršawy (accusative plural)
Waršawu (instrumental singular)
Waršawomaj (dual instrumental)
Waršawami (instrumental plural)
Waršawje (locative singular)
Waršawomaj (dual locative)
Waršawach (locative plural)
Waršawa (singular vocative)
Waršawje (dual vocative)
Waršawy (plural vocative)


лан

ru-noun+

лан • (lan) m inan (genitive ла́на, nominative plural ла́ны, genitive plural ла́нов or лан)

lan (romanization)
ла́на (genitive)
ла́ны (nominative plural)
ла́нов (genitive plural)
лан (genitive plural)
ла́н (nominative singular)
ла́ны (nominative plural)
ла́на (genitive singular)
ла́нов (genitive plural)
ла́н (genitive irregular plural)
ла́ну (dative singular)
ла́нам (dative plural)
ла́н (accusative singular)
ла́ны (accusative plural)
ла́ном (instrumental singular)
ла́нами (instrumental plural)
ла́не (prepositional singular)
ла́нах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Polish łan, Old Czech lán, from Middle High German lēhen, from Old High German lēhan, from Proto-Germanic *laihną.

(historical) łan (medieval Polish measurement of field area)


Polak

Polka (feminine)
Polak (nominative singular)
Polacy (nominative plural)
Polaki (derogatory nominative plural)
Polaka (genitive singular)
Polaków (genitive plural)
Polakowi (dative singular)
Polakom (dative plural)
Polaka (accusative singular)
Polaków (accusative plural)
Polakiem (instrumental singular)
Polakami (instrumental plural)
Polaku (locative singular)
Polakach (locative plural)
Polaku (singular vocative)
Polacy (plural vocative)

→ English: Polack

→ Danish: polak

→ Finnish: polakki

→ French: polaque

→ Italian: polacco

→ Norwegian: polakk

→ Portuguese: polaco

→ Spanish: polaco

→ Swedish: polack

From Proto-Slavic *pȍľe (“field”) + -ak.


gmina

gm. (abbreviation)
gmina (nominative singular)
gminy (nominative plural)
gminy (genitive singular)
gmin (genitive plural)
gminie (dative singular)
gminom (dative plural)
gminę (accusative singular)
gminy (accusative plural)
gminą (instrumental singular)
gminami (instrumental plural)
gminie (locative singular)
gminach (locative plural)
gmino (singular vocative)
gminy (plural vocative)

→ English: gmina

→ Ukrainian: ґміна (gmina)

Borrowed from German Gemeine. Doublet of gmin.

gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)

(metonymically) gmina (people living in such a division)

(government, metonymically) gmina office (headquarters of such a district)

(government, metonymically) gmina authorities (people in charge of such a district)


Varşova

Varşova (nominative singular uncountable)
Varşova'yı (accusative singular uncountable)
Varşova'ya (dative singular uncountable)
Varşova'da (locative singular uncountable)
Varşova'dan (ablative singular uncountable)
Varşova'nın (genitive singular uncountable)


kaszanka

kaszanka (nominative singular)
kaszanki (nominative plural)
kaszanki (genitive singular)
kaszanek (genitive plural)
kaszance (dative singular)
kaszankom (dative plural)
kaszankę (accusative singular)
kaszanki (accusative plural)
kaszanką (instrumental singular)
kaszankami (instrumental plural)
kaszance (locative singular)
kaszankach (locative plural)
kaszanko (singular vocative)
kaszanki (plural vocative)


ワルシャワ

Borrowed from Polish Warszawa. Compare Russian Варшава (Varšava).

Warsaw (a city, the capital city of Poland)


pelikan

pl-noun

pelikan m animal (female equivalent pelikanica, diminutive pelikanik, related adjective pelikanowy)

pelikanica (feminine)
pelikanik (diminutive)
pelikanowy (adjective)
pelikan (nominative singular)
pelikany (nominative plural)
pelikana (genitive singular)
pelikanów (genitive plural)
pelikanowi (dative singular)
pelikanom (dative plural)
pelikana (accusative singular)
pelikany (accusative plural)
pelikanem (instrumental singular)
pelikanami (instrumental plural)
pelikanie (locative singular)
pelikanach (locative plural)
pelikanie (singular vocative)
pelikany (plural vocative)

(derogatory, politics, slang) person considered to be uncritically supporting the ruling party in Poland after the 2015 elections and accepting its arguments and propaganda messages without any objections


dres

dres (nominative singular)
dresi (nominative plural)
dresy (derogatory nominative plural)
dresa (genitive singular)
dresów (genitive plural)
dresowi (dative singular)
dresom (dative plural)
dresa (accusative singular)
dresów (accusative plural)
dresem (instrumental singular)
dresami (instrumental plural)
dresie (locative singular)
dresach (locative plural)
dresie (singular vocative)
dresi (plural vocative)

Pseudo-anglicism, derived from dress, from Middle English dressen, dresse, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French dresser, drecier, from Late Latin *directiare, from Latin dīrēctus, from dīrigō, from dis- + regō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-.

(colloquial, derogatory) chav (member of a subculture of young males who live in urban tower blocks or tenement houses and are often seen as undereducated, unemployed, aggressive, and anti-social)


staropolszczyzna

staropolszczyzna (nominative singular)
staropolszczyzny (genitive singular)
staropolszczyźnie (dative singular)
staropolszczyznę (accusative singular)
staropolszczyzną (instrumental singular)
staropolszczyźnie (locative singular)
staropolszczyzno (singular vocative)


staropolski

pl-adj

staropolski (not comparable, no derived adverb, abbreviation stpol.)

stpol. (abbreviation)
staropolski (masculine nominative singular)
staropolska (feminine nominative singular)
staropolskie (neuter nominative singular)
staropolscy (nominative plural virile)
staropolskie (nominative plural)
staropolskiego (genitive masculine singular)
staropolskiej (feminine genitive singular)
staropolskiego (genitive neuter singular)
staropolskich (genitive plural)
staropolskich (genitive plural virile)
staropolskiemu (dative masculine singular)
staropolsku (archaic dative masculine singular)
staropolskiej (dative feminine singular)
staropolskiemu (dative neuter singular)
staropolsku (archaic dative neuter singular)
staropolskim (dative plural)
staropolskim (dative plural virile)
staropolskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
staropolski (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
staropolską (accusative feminine singular)
staropolskie (accusative neuter singular)
staropolskich (accusative plural virile)
staropolskie (accusative plural)
staropolskim (instrumental masculine singular)
staropolską (feminine instrumental singular)
staropolskim (instrumental neuter singular)
staropolskimi (instrumental plural)
staropolskimi (instrumental plural virile)
staropolskim (locative masculine singular)
staropolskiej (feminine locative singular)
staropolskim (locative neuter singular)
staropolskich (locative plural)
staropolskich (locative plural virile)


Varsó

Varsó (nominative singular)
Varsót (accusative singular)
Varsónak (dative singular)
Varsóval (instrumental singular)
Varsóért (causal-final singular)
Varsóvá (singular translative)
Varsóig (singular terminative)
Varsóként (essive-formal singular)
Varsóban (inessive singular)
Varsón (singular superessive)
Varsónál (adessive singular)
Varsóba (illative singular)
Varsóra (singular sublative)
Varsóhoz (allative singular)
Varsóból (elative singular)
Varsóról (delative singular)
Varsótól (ablative singular)
Varsóé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Varsóéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Varsóm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Varsód (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Varsója (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Varsónk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Varsótok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Varsójuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Katowice

Any English traveller approaching Katowice will be strongly reminded of Lancashire.

1848, The New Central European Observer, volume 2, page 117:

Trains from Warsaw to Vienna now go by the shorter route from Warsaw to Katowice instead of via Cracow.

1922, United States Department of Commerce, Commerce Reports, volume 3, page 47:

On visiting Katowice in southwest Poland, Jeremy Melvin met up with Archistudio, the architects of a substantial new judicial precinct that is due for completion in 2008.

2006, Valentina Croci, The New Europe, volume 76, page 104:

Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship#English

A city in southern Poland; capital of the Silesian Voivodeship.


Katowice

pl-prop

Katowice nvir pl (related adjective katowicki, demonym katowiczanin, female demonym katowiczanka)

katowicki (adjective)
katowiczanin (demonym)
katowiczanka (demonym feminine)
Katowice (nominative plural)
Katowic (genitive plural)
Katowicom (dative plural)
Katowice (accusative plural)
Katowicami (instrumental plural)
Katowicach (locative plural)
Katowice (plural vocative)

Uncertain. There are two theories. Most likely, it comes from the nickname kat (“executioner, hangman”), used to describe the first settler. The second theory is that it comes from the word kąt (“angle”).

Katowice (the capital and largest city of the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)


Lodz

Łódź Voivodeship
Łódź Voivodeship#English

The capital city of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland, also spelled Łódź.


Lodz

de-noun

Lodz n (strong, genitive Lodzs or Lodz' or (with an article) Lodz, no plural)

Lodzs (genitive)
Lodz' (genitive)
Lodz (genitive)

Łódź

with Polish diacritics; learned or official


Lodz

Lodz, Łódź (the capital city of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Полша

head

Полша • (Pʼolŝa)


Полша

bg-proper noun

По́лша • (Pólša) f (relational adjective по́лски)

По́лша (canonical)
Pólša (romanization)
по́лски (adjective relational)
По́лша (indefinite singular)
По́лшо (singular vocative)


Galicija

sh-proper noun

Gàlīcija f (Cyrillic spelling Га̀лӣција)

Gàlīcija (canonical feminine)
Га̀лӣција (Cyrillic)
Galicija (nominative singular)
Galicije (genitive singular)
Galiciji (dative singular)
Galiciju (accusative singular)
Galicijo (singular vocative)
Galicija (singular vocative)
Galiciji (locative singular)
Galicijom (instrumental singular)


Galicija

Galícija (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Galícija (nominative singular)
Galícije (genitive singular)
Galíciji (dative singular)
Galícijo (accusative singular)
Galíciji (locative singular)
Galícijo (instrumental singular)

Galicia (a historical kingdom in Central Europe)


pisanka

pisanka (nominative singular)
pisanki (nominative plural)
pisanki (genitive singular)
pisanek (genitive plural)
pisance (dative singular)
pisankom (dative plural)
pisankę (accusative singular)
pisanki (accusative plural)
pisanką (instrumental singular)
pisankami (instrumental plural)
pisance (locative singular)
pisankach (locative plural)
pisanko (singular vocative)
pisanki (plural vocative)

pisanka (dyed Easter egg with intricate designs)


rosół

pl-noun

rosół m inan (diminutive rosołek, related adjective rosołowy)

rosołek (diminutive)
rosołowy (adjective)
rosół (nominative singular)
rosoły (nominative plural)
rosołu (genitive singular)
rosołów (genitive plural)
rosołowi (dative singular)
rosołom (dative plural)
rosół (accusative singular)
rosoły (accusative plural)
rosołem (instrumental singular)
rosołami (instrumental plural)
rosole (locative singular)
rosołach (locative plural)
rosole (singular vocative)
rosoły (plural vocative)

rosół (traditional Polish soup made from meat broth)


Poleszuk

Poleszuk m pers (female equivalent Poleszuczka, related adjective poleszucki)

Poleszuczka (feminine)
poleszucki (adjective)
Poleszuk (nominative singular)
Poleszucy (nominative plural)
Poleszuki (derogatory nominative plural)
Poleszuka (genitive singular)
Poleszuków (genitive plural)
Poleszukowi (dative singular)
Poleszukom (dative plural)
Poleszuka (accusative singular)
Poleszuków (accusative plural)
Poleszukiem (instrumental singular)
Poleszukami (instrumental plural)
Poleszuku (locative singular)
Poleszukach (locative plural)
Poleszuku (singular vocative)
Poleszucy (plural vocative)

Poleshuk (member of an ethnic group descended from the people of Polesia)


kiszka

kiszka f (diminutive kiszeczka, augmentative kicha)

kiszeczka (diminutive)
kicha (augmentative)
kiszka (nominative singular)
kiszki (nominative plural)
kiszki (genitive singular)
kiszek (genitive plural)
kiszce (dative singular)
kiszkom (dative plural)
kiszkę (accusative singular)
kiszki (accusative plural)
kiszką (instrumental singular)
kiszkami (instrumental plural)
kiszce (locative singular)
kiszkach (locative plural)
kiszko (singular vocative)
kiszki (plural vocative)

(Near Masovian, of a horsecollar) leather bag stuffed with hair


Varsovia

la-proper noun

Varsovia f sg (genitive Varsoviae); first declension

Varsoviae (genitive)
Varsovia (nominative singular)
Varsoviae (genitive singular)
Varsoviae (dative singular)
Varsoviam (accusative singular)
Varsoviā (ablative singular)
Varsovia (singular vocative)
Varsoviae (locative singular)

Catalan: Varsòvia

French: Varsovie

Galician: Varsovia

Italian: Varsavia

Portuguese: Varsóvia

Romanian: Varșovia

Spanish: Varsovia


пан

ru-noun+

пан • (pan) m anim (genitive па́на, nominative plural паны́ or па́ны, genitive plural пано́в or па́нов, feminine па́ни, relational adjective па́нский)

pan (romanization)
па́на (genitive)
паны́ (nominative plural)
па́ны (nominative plural)
пано́в (genitive plural)
па́нов (genitive plural)
па́ни (feminine)
па́нский (adjective relational)
па́н (nominative singular)
паны́ (nominative plural)
па́ны (nominative plural)
па́на (genitive singular)
пано́в (genitive plural)
па́нов (genitive plural)
па́ну (dative singular)
пана́м (dative plural)
па́нам (dative plural)
па́на (accusative singular)
пано́в (accusative plural)
па́нов (accusative plural)
па́ном (instrumental singular)
пана́ми (instrumental plural)
па́нами (instrumental plural)
па́не (prepositional singular)
пана́х (plural prepositional)
па́нах (plural prepositional)

(sometimes derogatory, ethnic slur) Polack, a Polish person


pączek

pl-noun

pączek m inan (diminutive pączuszek or pączuś, related adjective pączkowy)

pączuszek (diminutive)
pączuś (diminutive)
pączkowy (adjective)
pączek (nominative singular)
pączki (nominative plural)
pączka (genitive singular)
pączków (genitive plural)
pączkowi (dative singular)
pączkom (dative plural)
pączek (accusative singular)
pączka (accusative singular)
pączki (accusative plural)
pączkiem (instrumental singular)
pączkami (instrumental plural)
pączku (locative singular)
pączkach (locative plural)
pączku (singular vocative)
pączki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: по́нчык (pónčyk)

→ English: paczek; (via plural) paczki

→ German: Pączki (via plural)

→ Latvian: pončiks

desc

→ Lithuanian: (proscribed) pončka, pončkas

desctree

→ Russian: по́нчик (pónčik), по́нчикъ (pónčik) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: պոնչիկ (pončʻik)
→ Azerbaijani: ponçik
→ English: ponchik
→ Georgian: პონჩიკი (ṗončiḳi)
→ Turkish: ponçik
→ Yiddish: פּאָנטשיק (pontshik)

→ Ukrainian: по́нчик (pónčyk)


լեհ

leh (romanization)
լեհ (nominative singular)
լեհեր (nominative plural)
լեհի (dative singular)
լեհերի (dative plural)
լեհից (ablative singular)
լեհերից (ablative plural)
լեհով (instrumental singular)
լեհերով (instrumental plural)
լեհը (definite nominative singular)
լեհն (definite nominative singular)
լեհերը (definite nominative plural)
լեհերն (definite nominative plural)
լեհին (dative definite singular)
լեհերին (dative definite plural)
լեհս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
լեհերս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
լեհիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
լեհերիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
լեհիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
լեհերիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
լեհովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
լեհերովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
լեհդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
լեհերդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
լեհիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
լեհերիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
լեհիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
լեհերիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
լեհովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
լեհերովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)

hy-decl-noun

լեհերը/լեհերն


լեհ

Armenian: լեհ (leh)

Ի Բիւթանացոց աշխարհն են անկեալ լեզուք զանազան մաճարք եւ պուլղարք ասեն լեհն ու սերֆ […]
I Biwtʻanacʻocʻ ašxarhn en ankeal lezukʻ zanazan mačarkʻ ew pulġarkʻ asen lehn u serf[…]

15–16th century, Karapet Bałišecʻi, Otanawors asacʻeal ē Karapet vardapetē, i veraycʻ ordocʻn Noyi, or bažanecʻin zašxarhs Z bažin


bigos

bigosik (diminutive)
bigos (nominative singular)
bigosy (nominative plural)
bigosu (genitive singular)
bigosów (genitive plural)
bigosowi (dative singular)
bigosom (dative plural)
bigos (accusative singular)
bigosy (accusative plural)
bigosem (instrumental singular)
bigosami (instrumental plural)
bigosie (locative singular)
bigosach (locative plural)
bigosie (singular vocative)
bigosy (plural vocative)

→ English: bigos

→ Swedish: bigos

Borrowed from German Blei + Guss (“lead casting”), or from German begossen.


Polşa

Polşa (nominative singular)
Polşanı (accusative definite singular)
Polşaya (dative singular)
Polşada (locative singular)
Polşadan (ablative singular)
Polşanın (definite genitive singular)
Polşam (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Polşan (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Polşası (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Polşamız (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Polşanız (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Polşası (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşaları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşamı (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Polşanı (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Polşasını (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Polşamızı (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Polşanızı (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Polşasını (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşalarını (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşama (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Polşana (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Polşasına (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Polşamıza (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Polşanıza (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Polşasına (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşalarına (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşamda (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Polşanda (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Polşasında (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Polşamızda (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Polşanızda (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Polşasında (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşalarında (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşamdan (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Polşandan (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Polşasından (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Polşamızdan (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Polşanızdan (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Polşasından (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşalarından (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşamın (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Polşanın (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Polşasının (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Polşamızın (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Polşanızın (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Polşasının (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Polşalarının (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Polşa

Polşa (nominative singular-only)
Polşany (accusative singular-only)
Polşanyň (genitive singular-only)
Polşā (dative singular-only)
Polşada (locative singular-only)
Polşadan (ablative singular-only)


Poolse

nl-noun

Poolse f (plural Poolsen, masculine Pool)


польський

uk-adj

по́льський • (pólʹsʹkyj)

по́льський (canonical)
pólʹsʹkyj (romanization)
по́льський (masculine nominative)
по́льське (neuter nominative)
по́льська (feminine nominative)
по́льські (nominative plural)
по́льського (genitive masculine neuter)
по́льської (feminine genitive)
по́льських (genitive plural)
по́льському (dative masculine neuter)
по́льській (dative feminine)
по́льським (dative plural)
по́льського (accusative animate masculine)
по́льське (accusative neuter)
по́льську (accusative feminine)
по́льських (accusative animate plural)
по́льський (accusative inanimate masculine)
по́льські (accusative inanimate plural)
по́льським (instrumental masculine neuter)
по́льською (feminine instrumental)
по́льськими (instrumental plural)
по́льському (locative masculine neuter)
по́льськім (locative masculine neuter)
по́льській (feminine locative)
по́льських (locative plural)

Uk-польський.ogg

Equivalent to по́ле (póle) + -ський (-sʹkyj).

по́льська мо́ва


polonês

pt-adj

polonês (feminine polonesa, masculine plural poloneses, feminine plural polonesas, not comparable)

polonesa (feminine)
poloneses (masculine plural)
polonesas (feminine plural)

(Brazil) Polish (of Poland or its language)


polonês

pt-noun

polonês m (plural poloneses, feminine polonesa, feminine plural polonesas)

poloneses (plural)
polonesa (feminine)
polonesas (feminine plural)


silésien

fr-adj

silésien (feminine silésienne, masculine plural silésiens, feminine plural silésiennes)

silésienne (feminine)
silésiens (masculine plural)
silésiennes (feminine plural)


Varsovian

Someone living in or originating from Warsaw.


Poola

head

Poola (genitive Poola, partitive Poolat)

Poola (genitive)
Poolat (partitive)
Poola (nominative singular)
Poola (accusative nominative singular)
Poola (accusative genitive singular)
Poola (genitive singular)
Poolat (partitive singular)
Poolasse (illative singular)
Poolas (inessive singular)
Poolast (elative singular)
Poolale (allative singular)
Poolal (adessive singular)
Poolalt (ablative singular)
Poolaks (singular translative)
Poolani (singular terminative)
Poolana (essive singular)
Poolata (abessive singular)
Poolaga (comitative singular)


Polujo

From polo (“a Polish person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


krówka

krówka (nominative singular)
krówki (nominative plural)
krówki (genitive singular)
krówek (genitive plural)
krówce (dative singular)
krówkom (dative plural)
krówkę (accusative singular)
krówki (accusative plural)
krówką (instrumental singular)
krówkami (instrumental plural)
krówce (locative singular)
krówkach (locative plural)
krówko (singular vocative)
krówki (plural vocative)

krówka (piece of krówki, a Polish fudge in the form of semi-soft milk toffee candy)


바르샤바

[pa̠ɾɯɕʰa̠ba̠]


Polin

de-noun

Polin f (genitive Polin, plural Polinnen, masculine Pole)

Polin (genitive)
Polinnen (plural)
Pole (masculine)
Polin (nominative singular)
Polinnen (definite nominative plural)
Polin (genitive singular)
Polinnen (definite genitive plural)
Polin (dative singular)
Polinnen (dative definite plural)
Polin (accusative singular)
Polinnen (accusative definite plural)


Polin

Polin (nominative singular)
Polinu (genitive singular)
Polinowi (dative singular)
Polin (accusative singular)
Polinem (instrumental singular)
Polinie (locative singular)
Polinie (singular vocative)


וורשה

he-proper noun

וורשה / וַרְשָׁה • (vársha) f

וַרְשָׁה (canonical)
vársha (romanization)

Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship#English

Warsaw (the capital city of Poland; capital city of the Masovian Voivodeship)


Varsovien

fr-noun

Varsovien m (plural Varsoviens, feminine Varsovienne)

Varsoviens (plural)
Varsovienne (feminine)

Varsovian (resident or native of Warsaw)


varsovien

fr-adj

varsovien (feminine varsovienne, masculine plural varsoviens, feminine plural varsoviennes)

varsovienne (feminine)
varsoviens (masculine plural)
varsoviennes (feminine plural)


Galicie

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Gallicia, from Classical Latin Gallaecia, from Gallaecī (“a tribe in the region”).

Galicia (area of Central/Eastern Europe)


польский

ru-adj

по́льский • (pólʹskij)

по́льский (canonical)
pólʹskij (romanization)
по́льский (masculine nominative)
по́льское (neuter nominative)
по́льская (feminine nominative)
по́льские (nominative plural)
по́льского (genitive masculine neuter)
по́льской (feminine genitive)
по́льских (genitive plural)
по́льскому (dative masculine neuter)
по́льской (dative feminine)
по́льским (dative plural)
по́льского (accusative animate masculine)
по́льское (accusative neuter)
по́льскую (accusative feminine)
по́льских (accusative animate plural)
по́льский (accusative inanimate masculine)
по́льские (accusative inanimate plural)
по́льским (instrumental masculine neuter)
по́льской (feminine instrumental)
по́льскою (feminine instrumental)
по́льскими (instrumental plural)
по́льском (masculine neuter prepositional)
по́льской (feminine prepositional)
по́льских (plural prepositional)

Ru-польский.ogg

Inherited from Old East Slavic польскъ (polĭskŭ).

inh+

по́льскій — Pre-reform orthography (1918)


поляк

ru-noun+

поля́к • (polják) m anim (genitive поля́ка, nominative plural поля́ки, genitive plural поля́ков, feminine по́лька or поля́чка)

поля́к (canonical)
polják (romanization)
поля́ка (genitive)
поля́ки (nominative plural)
поля́ков (genitive plural)
по́лька (feminine)
поля́чка (feminine)
поля́к (nominative singular)
поля́ки (nominative plural)
поля́ка (genitive singular)
поля́ков (genitive plural)
поля́ку (dative singular)
поля́кам (dative plural)
поля́ка (accusative singular)
поля́ков (accusative plural)
поля́ком (instrumental singular)
поля́ками (instrumental plural)
поля́ке (prepositional singular)
поля́ках (plural prepositional)

→ Ingrian: poljakka


поляк

uk-noun

поля́к • (polják) m pers (genitive поля́ка, nominative plural поля́ки, genitive plural поля́ків, feminine по́лька or поля́чка)

поля́к (canonical)
polják (romanization)
поля́ка (genitive)
поля́ки (nominative plural)
поля́ків (genitive plural)
по́лька (feminine)
поля́чка (feminine)
поля́к (nominative singular)
поля́ки (nominative plural)
поля́ка (genitive singular)
поля́ків (genitive plural)
поля́кові (dative singular)
поля́ку (dative singular)
поля́кам (dative plural)
поля́ка (accusative singular)
поля́ків (accusative plural)
поля́ком (instrumental singular)
поля́ками (instrumental plural)
поля́кові (locative singular)
поля́ку (locative singular)
поля́ках (locative plural)
поля́че (singular vocative)
поля́ки (plural vocative)


полька

по́лька<*.pr>

по́лька • (pólʹka) f pers (genitive по́льки, nominative plural по́льки, genitive plural по́льок, masculine поля́к)

по́лька (canonical)
pólʹka (romanization)
по́льки (genitive)
по́льки (nominative plural)
по́льок (genitive plural)
поля́к (masculine)
по́лька (nominative singular)
по́льки (nominative plural)
по́льки (genitive singular)
по́льок (genitive plural)
по́льці (dative singular)
по́лькам (dative plural)
по́льку (accusative singular)
по́льок (accusative plural)
по́лькою (instrumental singular)
по́льками (instrumental plural)
по́льці (locative singular)
по́льках (locative plural)
по́лько (singular vocative)
по́льки (plural vocative)

uk-ndecl

по́лька<*.pr>

вона́ по́лька


波蘭

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (波蘭):
* → Japanese: 波蘭(ポーランド) (pōrando)
* → Korean: 파란(波蘭) (Paran)
* → Vietnamese: Ba Lan (波蘭)

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ laːn²¹/

/po⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lan¹¹/

/pʰo⁵⁵ l̃aŋ⁵³/

/pʰɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³/

/pʰo⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴/

/po⁴⁴⁻²² lan⁴⁴/

/pʰo⁴⁴⁻²² lan⁴⁴/

/po³³⁻²³ laŋ⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ laːn²¹/

/po⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lan¹¹/

/pʰo⁵⁵ l̃aŋ⁵³/

/pʰɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³/

/pʰo⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴/

/po⁴⁴⁻²² lan⁴⁴/

/pʰo⁴⁴⁻²² lan⁴⁴/

/po³³⁻²³ laŋ⁵⁵/

Russia has destroyed Poland and one of its first decrees was that the Poles couldn't speak Polish or use Polish letters.

1910, 吳趼人 [Wu Jianren], 《二十年目睹之怪現狀》 [Bizarre Happenings Eyewitnessed over Two Decades], chapter 22

Éluósī miè le Bōlán, tā zài Bōlán xíng de zhènglìng, dì yī jiàn, bùxǔ Bōlánrén shuō Bōlánhuà, hái bùxǔ yòng Bōlán wénzì.

俄羅斯滅了波蘭，他在波蘭行的政令，第一件，不許波蘭人說波蘭話，還不許用波蘭文字。

俄罗斯灭了波兰，他在波兰行的政令，第一件，不许波兰人说波兰话，还不许用波兰文字。


波蘭

chữ Hán form of Ba Lan (“Poland (a country in Central Europe)”).


Poznan

Poznan (a city in the Greater Poland, Poland)


gdański

pl-adj

gdański (not comparable, no derived adverb)

gdański (masculine nominative singular)
gdańska (feminine nominative singular)
gdańskie (neuter nominative singular)
gdańscy (nominative plural virile)
gdańskie (nominative plural)
gdańskiego (genitive masculine singular)
gdańskiej (feminine genitive singular)
gdańskiego (genitive neuter singular)
gdańskich (genitive plural)
gdańskich (genitive plural virile)
gdańskiemu (dative masculine singular)
gdańsku (archaic dative masculine singular)
gdańskiej (dative feminine singular)
gdańskiemu (dative neuter singular)
gdańsku (archaic dative neuter singular)
gdańskim (dative plural)
gdańskim (dative plural virile)
gdańskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
gdański (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
gdańską (accusative feminine singular)
gdańskie (accusative neuter singular)
gdańskich (accusative plural virile)
gdańskie (accusative plural)
gdańskim (instrumental masculine singular)
gdańską (feminine instrumental singular)
gdańskim (instrumental neuter singular)
gdańskimi (instrumental plural)
gdańskimi (instrumental plural virile)
gdańskim (locative masculine singular)
gdańskiej (feminine locative singular)
gdańskim (locative neuter singular)
gdańskich (locative plural)
gdańskich (locative plural virile)

(relational) of, from or relating to Gdańsk


Cracovian

/kɹəˈkəʊvɪən/

Formed as Latin Cracōvia (“Cracow”) + English -an (suffix forming adjectives with the sense “of or pertaining to”). Equivalent to the Latin Cracōviānus.


Cracovian

/kɹəˈkəʊvɪən/

Being used to horses from their childhood, the Cracovians are excellent riders.

1921, National Polish Committee of America, Geography and ethnography of Poland:


warszawski

warszawski (not comparable, no derived adverb)

warszawski (masculine nominative singular)
warszawska (feminine nominative singular)
warszawskie (neuter nominative singular)
warszawscy (nominative plural virile)
warszawskie (nominative plural)
warszawskiego (genitive masculine singular)
warszawskiej (feminine genitive singular)
warszawskiego (genitive neuter singular)
warszawskich (genitive plural)
warszawskich (genitive plural virile)
warszawskiemu (dative masculine singular)
warszawsku (archaic dative masculine singular)
warszawskiej (dative feminine singular)
warszawskiemu (dative neuter singular)
warszawsku (archaic dative neuter singular)
warszawskim (dative plural)
warszawskim (dative plural virile)
warszawskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
warszawski (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
warszawską (accusative feminine singular)
warszawskie (accusative neuter singular)
warszawskich (accusative plural virile)
warszawskie (accusative plural)
warszawskim (instrumental masculine singular)
warszawską (feminine instrumental singular)
warszawskim (instrumental neuter singular)
warszawskimi (instrumental plural)
warszawskimi (instrumental plural virile)
warszawskim (locative masculine singular)
warszawskiej (feminine locative singular)
warszawskim (locative neuter singular)
warszawskich (locative plural)
warszawskich (locative plural virile)

From Warszawa + -ski. First attested in the 16th century. Compare Kashubian warszawsczi and Silesian warszawski.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “warszawski”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(relational) Warsaw, Varsovian (of, from or pertaining to Warsaw in Poland)


krakowski

pl-adj

krakowski (not comparable, derived adverb po krakowsku)

krakowski (masculine nominative singular)
krakowska (feminine nominative singular)
krakowskie (neuter nominative singular)
krakowscy (nominative plural virile)
krakowskie (nominative plural)
krakowskiego (genitive masculine singular)
krakowskiej (feminine genitive singular)
krakowskiego (genitive neuter singular)
krakowskich (genitive plural)
krakowskich (genitive plural virile)
krakowskiemu (dative masculine singular)
krakowsku (archaic dative masculine singular)
krakowskiej (dative feminine singular)
krakowskiemu (dative neuter singular)
krakowsku (archaic dative neuter singular)
krakowskim (dative plural)
krakowskim (dative plural virile)
krakowskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
krakowski (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
krakowską (accusative feminine singular)
krakowskie (accusative neuter singular)
krakowskich (accusative plural virile)
krakowskie (accusative plural)
krakowskim (instrumental masculine singular)
krakowską (feminine instrumental singular)
krakowskim (instrumental neuter singular)
krakowskimi (instrumental plural)
krakowskimi (instrumental plural virile)
krakowskim (locative masculine singular)
krakowskiej (feminine locative singular)
krakowskim (locative neuter singular)
krakowskich (locative plural)
krakowskich (locative plural virile)

Inherited from Old Polish krakowski. By surface analysis, Kraków + -ski. Compare Kashubian krakòwsczi.


krakowski

krakowski (masculine nominative singular)
krakowskie (neuter nominative singular)
krakowskŏ (feminine nominative singular)
krakow (nominative plural virile)
krakowskie (nominative nonvirile plural)
krakowskigo (genitive masculine neuter singular)
krakowskij (feminine genitive singular)
krakowskich (genitive plural)
krakowskimu (dative masculine neuter singular)
krakowskij (dative feminine singular)
krakowskim (dative plural)
krakowskigo (accusative animate masculine singular)
krakowskie (accusative animate neuter singular)
krakowskõ (accusative animate feminine singular)
krakowskich (accusative animate plural virile)
krakowskie (accusative animate nonvirile plural)
krakowski (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
krakowskie (accusative inanimate neuter singular)
krakowskõ (accusative feminine inanimate singular)
krakowskich (accusative inanimate plural virile)
krakowskie (accusative inanimate nonvirile plural)
krakowskim (instrumental masculine neuter singular)
krakowskōm (feminine instrumental singular)
krakowskimi (instrumental plural)
krakowskim (locative masculine neuter singular)
krakowskij (feminine locative singular)
krakowskich (locative plural)
krakowski (masculine singular vocative)
krakowskie (neuter singular vocative)
krakowskŏ (feminine singular vocative)
krakow (plural virile vocative)
krakowskie (nonvirile plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish krakowski. By surface analysis, Krakōw + -ski.


lenkas

lt-noun

lénkas m (plural lénkai, feminine lénkė) stress pattern 1

lénkas (canonical masculine stress-pattern-1)
lénkai (plural)
lénkė (feminine)
lénkas (nominative singular)
lénkai (nominative plural)
lénko (genitive singular)
lénkų (genitive plural)
lénkui (dative singular)
lénkams (dative plural)
lénką (accusative singular)
lénkus (accusative plural)
lénku (instrumental singular)
lénkais (instrumental plural)
lénke (locative singular)
lénkuose (locative plural)
lénke (singular vocative)
lénkai (plural vocative)

[ˈlʲæ̌ːŋkɐs]

Borrowed from Old East Slavic лѧхъ (lęxŭ), from the name of the Lendians tribe, from Proto-Slavic *lęděninъ. Compare Hungarian lengyel.


lenkė

lt-noun

lénkė f (plural lénkės, masculine lénkas) stress pattern 1

lénkė (canonical feminine stress-pattern-1)
lénkės (plural)
lénkas (masculine)
lénkė (nominative singular)
lénkės (nominative plural)
lénkės (genitive singular)
lénkių (genitive plural)
lénkei (dative singular)
lénkėms (dative plural)
lénkę (accusative singular)
lénkes (accusative plural)
lénke (instrumental singular)
lénkėmis (instrumental plural)
lénkėje (locative singular)
lénkėse (locative plural)
lénke (singular vocative)
lénkės (plural vocative)


Wielkopolska

Wielkopolska (nominative singular)
Wielkopolski (genitive singular)
Wielkopolsce (dative singular)
Wielkopolskę (accusative singular)
Wielkopolską (instrumental singular)
Wielkopolsce (locative singular)
Wielkopolsko (singular vocative)


kutia

kutia (nominative singular)
kutie (nominative plural)
kutii (genitive singular)
kutii (genitive plural)
kutyj (archaic genitive plural)
kutii (dative singular)
kutiom (dative plural)
kutię (accusative singular)
kutie (accusative plural)
kutią (instrumental singular)
kutiami (instrumental plural)
kutii (locative singular)
kutiach (locative plural)
kutio (singular vocative)
kutie (plural vocative)

kutia (sweet grain pudding, traditionally served in Polish, Ukrainian, Lithuanian, Belarusian, and Russian cultures)


makowiec

MAKOWIEC. (Poppy-seed. roll).

1957, Sula Benet, Festive recipes and festival menus, page 147:

If you have a cookie spatula, slide it under the makowiec and transfer it to the baking pan.

2007, Greg Patent, A Baker's Odyssey, page 219:

She was trained by the nuns to be their cook and therefore she learned to make very beautiful and sumptuous gourmet dishes, including croissants and delicious fancy desserts. Her makowiec was the best I have ever tasted.

2011, Frank Cebulski, Lonely Nights and Wild Women: Concrete Visual Shaped Poems, page 54:

(rare) a Polish cake (flat or rolled) layered with poppy seed-based paste


makowiec

makowiec (nominative singular)
makowce (nominative plural)
makowca (genitive singular)
makowców (genitive plural)
makowcowi (dative singular)
makowcom (dative plural)
makowiec (accusative singular)
makowce (accusative plural)
makowcem (instrumental singular)
makowcami (instrumental plural)
makowcu (locative singular)
makowcach (locative plural)
makowcu (singular vocative)
makowce (plural vocative)

makowiec (Polish cake (flat or rolled) layered with poppy seed-based paste)


kapuśniak

pl-noun

kapuśniak m inan (diminutive kapuśniaczek)

kapuśniaczek (diminutive)
kapuśniak (nominative singular)
kapuśniaki (nominative plural)
kapuśniaku (genitive singular)
kapuśniaków (genitive plural)
kapuśniakowi (dative singular)
kapuśniakom (dative plural)
kapuśniak (accusative singular)
kapuśniaki (accusative plural)
kapuśniakiem (instrumental singular)
kapuśniakami (instrumental plural)
kapuśniaku (locative singular)
kapuśniakach (locative plural)
kapuśniaku (singular vocative)
kapuśniaki (plural vocative)

From kapusta + -niak. Compare Ukrainian капусняк (kapusnjak).


mizeria

mizeria (nominative singular)
mizerie (nominative plural)
mizerii (genitive singular)
mizerii (genitive plural)
mizeryj (archaic genitive plural)
mizerii (dative singular)
mizeriom (dative plural)
mizerię (accusative singular)
mizerie (accusative plural)
mizerią (instrumental singular)
mizeriami (instrumental plural)
mizerii (locative singular)
mizeriach (locative plural)
mizerio (singular vocative)
mizerie (plural vocative)


gołąbek

gołąbeczek (diminutive)
gołąbek (nominative singular)
gołąbki (nominative plural)
gołąbka (genitive singular)
gołąbków (genitive plural)
gołąbkowi (dative singular)
gołąbkom (dative plural)
gołąbek (accusative singular)
gołąbki (accusative plural)
gołąbkiem (instrumental singular)
gołąbkami (instrumental plural)
gołąbku (locative singular)
gołąbkach (locative plural)
gołąbku (singular vocative)
gołąbki (plural vocative)

Uncertain.
* Per Vasmer and Sławski: a semantic shift from the diminutive due to the similarity in shape.
* Per Stachowski: finding the above explanation semantically dubious, he instead proposes an Oriental borrowing, pointing out that a similar dish, aside from Eastern Europe, is known in the Levant and Central Asia. He points to Persian کلم (kalam, “cabbage”) or کلم پیچ (kalam pič, “cabbage roll”) – possibly through a Turkic language or Old Armenian կաղամբ (kałamb, “cabbage”) as possible sources, but remains reserved. The word would have later been altered by folk etymology.

(in the plural) gołąbki, cabbage roll (traditional Polish dish)


Polonized

en-adj

Polonized (comparative more Polonized, superlative most Polonized)

more Polonized (comparative)
most Polonized (superlative)

The orthodox clergy everywhere preached a crusade against the Jesuits and Uniates, and everywhere the peasants rose against the Polish or Polonized pans.

1886, Alfred Rambaud, The History of Russia from the Earliest Times to 1877:

Germans arriving in rural parts of Prussia and Poland became Polonized, and though they predominated in the towns, this was not invariably the case and by the sixteenth century, German was no longer understood in Cracow.

2016, Peter H. Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire, Penguin, published 2017, page 96:


Rysy

Rysy (nominative plural)
Rysów (genitive plural)
Rysom (dative plural)
Rysy (accusative plural)
Rysami (instrumental plural)
Rysach (locative plural)
Rysy (plural vocative)


Bieszczady

Bieszczady (nominative plural)
Bieszczad (genitive plural)
Bieszczadów (genitive plural)
Bieszczadom (dative plural)
Bieszczady (accusative plural)
Bieszczadami (instrumental plural)
Bieszczadach (locative plural)
Bieszczady (plural vocative)

Unknown, suggested to have originated from Middle Low German beshêt (“drainage division”). Perhaps a doublet of Beskidy.

der

Bieszczady Mountains
w:Bieszczady Mountains

Bieszczady Mountains (a mountain range in Carpathians)


Karkonosze

Karkonosze (nominative plural)
Karkonoszy (genitive plural)
Karkonoszom (dative plural)
Karkonosze (accusative plural)
Karkonoszami (instrumental plural)
Karkonoszach (locative plural)
Karkonosze (plural vocative)

Giant Mountains (a mountain range in Sudetes)


Beskidy

Beskidy (nominative plural)
Beskidów (genitive plural)
Beskidom (dative plural)
Beskidy (accusative plural)
Beskidami (instrumental plural)
Beskidach (locative plural)
Beskidy (plural vocative)

Unknown, possibly from Proto-Albanian *beškāi tāi (cf. bjeshkët). Perhaps a doublet of Bieszczady.

Beskids (a mountain range in Carpathians)


Pomorze

Pomorze (nominative singular)
Pomorza (genitive singular)
Pomorzu (dative singular)
Pomorze (accusative singular)
Pomorzem (instrumental singular)
Pomorzu (locative singular)
Pomorze (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pomorьje. By surface analysis, po- + morze + -e.


Carpathians

Borrowed from Latin Carpates; compare the Germanic form attested in Old Norse Harvaðafjǫll, of which no past or present English counterpart is known (but which may have existed at some stage).
Possibly from the name of the Carpi, an ancient, probably Dacian, tribe living in the eastern Carpathian region of what is now Romania and the Moldova region. The name Carpates may ultimately be from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (compare Albanian karpë (“rock”), Aromanian shcarpã, also Proto-Slavic *skala (“rock, cliff”)), perhaps via a Dacian cognate which meant “mountain”, “rock”, or “rugged” (compare Proto-Germanic *skarpaz (whence sharp), Lithuanian kar̃pas (“cut, hack, notch”), Latvian cìrpt (“to shear, clip”)). Compare also archaic Polish karpa (“rugged irregularities, underwater obstacles/rocks, rugged roots or trunks”), Romansch crap (“stone”). Alternatively, the name may come from Proto-Indo-European *kʷerp- (“to turn”) (whence wharf and Ancient Greek καρπός (karpós, “wrist”)), perhaps referring to the way the mountain range bends or veers in an L-shape.
According to Eichner and Çabej, it derives from Proto-Albanian *karpātai (“mountanous place”)

der

A large mountainous system in Central Europe, mainly in Transylvania (Romania) and the Polish (Subcarpathian)-Slovak border region.


pasterka

pasterz (masculine)
pasterka (nominative singular)
pasterki (nominative plural)
pasterki (genitive singular)
pasterek (genitive plural)
pasterce (dative singular)
pasterkom (dative plural)
pasterkę (accusative singular)
pasterki (accusative plural)
pasterką (instrumental singular)
pasterkami (instrumental plural)
pasterce (locative singular)
pasterkach (locative plural)
pasterko (singular vocative)
pasterki (plural vocative)

(Roman Catholicism) Pasterka (midnight mass celebrated between 24 and 25 December in Poland)


Posen

de-proper noun

Posen n (proper noun, genitive Posens or (optionally with an article) Posen)

Posens (genitive)
Posen (genitive with-article)

Poznan (a city in Greater Poland, Poland)


Dunajec

sk-proper noun

Dunajec m inan (genitive singular Dunajca, declension pattern of dub)

Dunajca (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Dunajec (nominative singular-only)
Dunajca (genitive singular-only)
Dunajcu (dative singular-only)
Dunajec (accusative singular-only)
Dunajci (locative singular-only)
Dunajcom (instrumental singular-only)


pisuar

pisuar (nominative singular)
pisuary (nominative plural)
pisuara (genitive singular)
pisuarów (genitive plural)
pisuarowi (dative singular)
pisuarom (dative plural)
pisuara (accusative singular)
pisuarów (accusative plural)
pisuarem (instrumental singular)
pisuarami (instrumental plural)
pisuarze (locative singular)
pisuarach (locative plural)
pisuarze (singular vocative)
pisuary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French pissoir. The political sense comes from a blend with PiS.

(politics, slang, offensive) member of the Law and Justice party

(politics, slang, offensive) supporter of the Law and Justice party


spirytus

Borrowed from Polish spirytus. Doublet of spirit, spiritus, sprite, spright, and esprit.

doublet

A Polish rectified spirit, used in medicine and for the preparation of alcoholic infusions called nalewka.


spirytus

pl-noun

spirytus m inan (related adjective spirytusowy)

spirytusowy (adjective)
spirytus (nominative singular)
spirytusy (nominative plural)
spirytusu (genitive singular)
spirytusów (genitive plural)
spirytusowi (dative singular)
spirytusom (dative plural)
spirytus (accusative singular)
spirytusy (accusative plural)
spirytusem (instrumental singular)
spirytusami (instrumental plural)
spirytusie (locative singular)
spirytusach (locative plural)
spirytusie (singular vocative)
spirytusy (plural vocative)

→ English: spirytus

Learned borrowing from Latin spīritus. Doublet of spryt.

rectified spirit; spirytus (very strong Polish alcohol used in medicine and for the preparation of alcoholic infusions called nalewka)


leming

leming (nominative singular)
lemingi (nominative plural)
leminga (genitive singular)
lemingów (genitive plural)
lemingowi (dative singular)
lemingom (dative plural)
leminga (accusative singular)
lemingi (accusative plural)
lemingiem (instrumental singular)
lemingami (instrumental plural)
lemingu (locative singular)
lemingach (locative plural)
lemingu (singular vocative)
lemingi (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English lemming, French lemming, German Lemming.

lemming (small Arctic and Subarctic rodent from any of six genera of similar rodents)


święconka

święconka (nominative singular)
święconki (nominative plural)
święconki (genitive singular)
święconek (genitive plural)
święconce (dative singular)
święconkom (dative plural)
święconkę (accusative singular)
święconki (accusative plural)
święconką (instrumental singular)
święconkami (instrumental plural)
święconce (locative singular)
święconkach (locative plural)
święconko (singular vocative)
święconki (plural vocative)

Lat temu dziesięć, lub może dużo dawniej, do kościoła ze święconką szły dwie małe dziewczynki (same lub z nianią), po uprzedniej zażartej kłótni, która z nas ma nieść koszyczek.

1984, Jadwiga Komorowska, Świąteczne zwyczaje domowe w wielkim mieście: studium na przykładzie Warszawy:

Ten years ago, or perhaps many more, two little girls (alone or with their nanny) were walking to church with their Easter basket meal after a prior heated argument about who was supposed to carry the basket.

traditional Polish Easter celebration where baskets full of Easter food are blessed


Danzica

Borrowed from German Danzig, from Polish Gdańsk.


пшек

ru-noun+

пшек • (pšek) m anim (genitive пше́ка, nominative plural пше́ки, genitive plural пше́ков, feminine пше́чка)

pšek (romanization)
пше́ка (genitive)
пше́ки (nominative plural)
пше́ков (genitive plural)
пше́чка (feminine)
пше́к (nominative singular)
пше́ки (nominative plural)
пше́ка (genitive singular)
пше́ков (genitive plural)
пше́ку (dative singular)
пше́кам (dative plural)
пше́ка (accusative singular)
пше́ков (accusative plural)
пше́ком (instrumental singular)
пше́ками (instrumental plural)
пше́ке (prepositional singular)
пше́ках (plural prepositional)

Onomatopoeic. A reference to the common Polish consonant cluster /pʂ/, as in Polish przy. Compare the synonymous Czech pšoun, pšonec, pšonek for similar formations.

(derogatory, ethnic slur, slang) male Polack


פּוילן

Inherited from Middle High German Polen, Polēnen. Compare German Polen, Pohlen.


華沙

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ saː⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa³³/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ sa⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

/hua¹³⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ saː⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa³³/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ sa⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

/hua¹³⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

Warsaw (a city, the capital city of Poland)


mazurek

pl-noun

mazurek m animal or m inan (diminutive mazureczek, related adjective mazurkowy)

mazurek m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
mazureczek (diminutive)
mazurkowy (adjective)
mazurek (nominative singular)
mazurki (nominative plural)
mazurka (genitive singular)
mazurków (genitive plural)
mazurkowi (dative singular)
mazurkom (dative plural)
mazurka (accusative singular)
mazurek (accusative singular)
mazurki (accusative plural)
mazurkiem (instrumental singular)
mazurkami (instrumental plural)
mazurku (locative singular)
mazurkach (locative plural)
mazurku (singular vocative)
mazurki (plural vocative)

→ Czech: mazurka

→ English: mazurek, mazurka

→ French: mazurka

→ German: Mazurka

desctree

→ Russian: мазу́рка (mazúrka)
→ Kazakh: мазурка (mazurka)

mazurek (type of cake baked in Poland, particularly around Easter)


גאַליציע

Galitsie (romanization)
Galitsye (romanization)

Galicia (a historical kingdom in Central Europe, now divided between Poland and Ukraine)


Poľsko

sk-proper noun

Poľsko n (genitive singular Poľska, declension pattern of mesto, related adjective poľský or poľsky, demonym Poliak, female demonym Poľka)

Poľska (genitive singular)
mesto (declension-pattern-of)
poľský (adjective)
poľsky (adjective)
Poliak (demonym)
Poľka (demonym feminine)
Poľsko (nominative singular-only)
Poľska (genitive singular-only)
Poľsku (dative singular-only)
Poľsko (accusative singular-only)
Poľsku (locative singular-only)
Poľskom (instrumental singular-only)

Borrowed from Polish Polska, from Proto-Slavic *poľane, plural of *poľaninъ (“field dweller”).


Polija

Polija (nominative singular)
Poliju (accusative singular)
Polijas (genitive singular)
Polijai (dative singular)
Poliju (instrumental singular)
Polijā (locative singular)
Polija (singular vocative)

Polijas karogs

Polijas prezidents

Mūsdienās Polijā ir parlamentāra demokrātija

In today's Poland (there) is a parliamentary democracy


Varsóvia

[bɐɾˈsɔ.βjɐ]

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Varsovia, a Latinised form of Old Polish Warszowa.


Pòlainn

A' Phòlainn (canonical feminine)
na Pòlainne (genitive)
Pòlainn
Phòlainn


Senat

pl-prop

Senat m inan (related adjective senacki)

senacki (adjective)
Senat (nominative singular)
Senatu (genitive singular)
Senatowi (dative singular)
Senat (accusative singular)
Senatem (instrumental singular)
Senacie (locative singular)
Senacie (singular vocative)

(government) Senate (the upper house of the bicameral parliament of Poland)

Senate (total number of people who sit in the Senate)

Coordinate term: Sejm


deputat

pl-noun

deputat m pers (related adjective deputacki)

deputacki (adjective)
deputat (nominative singular)
deputaci (nominative plural)
deputaty (derogatory nominative plural)
deputata (genitive singular)
deputatów (genitive plural)
deputatowi (dative singular)
deputatom (dative plural)
deputata (accusative singular)
deputatów (accusative plural)
deputatem (instrumental singular)
deputatami (instrumental plural)
deputacie (locative singular)
deputatach (locative plural)
deputacie (singular vocative)
deputaci (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin dēputātus (“designated”). First attested in 1587.

lbor

(historical) judge of a tribunal elected from among the nobility and clergy during the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth


Польшча

be-proper noun

По́льшча<sg>

По́льшча • (Pólʹšča) f inan (genitive По́льшчы, uncountable, relational adjective по́льскі)

По́льшча (canonical)
Pólʹšča (romanization)
По́льшчы (genitive)
по́льскі (adjective relational)
По́льшча (nominative singular)
По́льшчы (genitive singular)
По́льшчы (dative singular)
По́льшчу (accusative singular)
По́льшчай (instrumental singular)
По́льшчаю (instrumental singular)
По́льшчы (locative singular)

be-ndecl

По́льшча<sg>


Polainn

An Pholainn (canonical feminine)
na Polainne (genitive)
nominative (indefinite)
Polainn (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a Pholainn (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
Polainne (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an Pholainn (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na Polainne (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an bPolainn (definite singular)
don Pholainn (definite singular)
Polainn
Pholainn
bPolainn

/ˈpˠɔlˠən̠ʲ/

/ˈpˠʌlˠən̠ʲ/

From Polish Polanie (“Poles”, literally “field dwellers”), from Proto-Slavic *poľane, plural of *poľaninъ (“field dweller”), from *poľe (“field”) + *-ěninъ.

der

Poblacht na Polainne
Poblacht na Polainne#Irish

Poland (a country in Central Europe; official name: Poblacht na Polainne)


Poznaň

poznaňský (adjective)
Poznaň (nominative singular)
Poznaně (genitive singular)
Poznani (dative singular)
Poznaň (accusative singular)
Poznani (singular vocative)
Poznani (locative singular)
Poznaní (instrumental singular)

Poznan (the capital city of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Poznaň

sk-proper noun

Poznaň f (genitive singular Poznane, declension pattern of dlaň)

Poznane (genitive singular)
dlaň (declension-pattern-of)
Poznaň (nominative singular-only)
Poznane (genitive singular-only)
Poznani (dative singular-only)
Poznaň (accusative singular-only)
Poznani (locative singular-only)
Poznaňou (instrumental singular-only)


Halič

cs-proper noun

Halič m inan (related adjective haličský, demonym Haličan, female demonym Haličanka)

haličský (adjective)
Haličan (demonym)
Haličanka (demonym feminine)
Halič (nominative singular)
Haliče (genitive singular)
Haliči (dative singular)
Halič (accusative singular)
Haliči (singular vocative)
Haliči (locative singular)
Haličem (instrumental singular)

Galicia (historical kingdom of Central Europe, now divided between Poland and Ukraine)


falanga

falangowy (adjective)
falanga (nominative singular)
falangi (nominative plural)
falangi (genitive singular)
falang (genitive plural)
falandze (dative singular)
falangom (dative plural)
falangę (accusative singular)
falangi (accusative plural)
falangą (instrumental singular)
falangami (instrumental plural)
falandze (locative singular)
falangach (locative plural)
falango (singular vocative)
falangi (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin phalanga. Doublet of planka and plansza.

(Ancient Greece, historical, military) phalanx (ancient Greek military unit)


পোল্যান্ড

head

পোল্যান্ড • (pōlênḍ)

bn:পোল্যান্ড


legumina

leguminka (diminutive)
legumina (nominative singular)
leguminy (nominative plural)
leguminy (genitive singular)
legumin (genitive plural)
leguminie (dative singular)
leguminom (dative plural)
leguminę (accusative singular)
leguminy (accusative plural)
leguminą (instrumental singular)
leguminami (instrumental plural)
leguminie (locative singular)
leguminach (locative plural)
legumino (singular vocative)
leguminy (plural vocative)

flour-based sweet dessert similar to pudding


злотый

zlotyi (romanization)
злотый (nominative singular)
злотыйлар (nominative plural)
злотыйдың (genitive singular)
злотыйлардың (genitive plural)
злотыйға (dative singular)
злотыйларға (dative plural)
злотыйды (accusative singular)
злотыйларды (accusative plural)
злотыйда (locative singular)
злотыйларда (locative plural)
злотыйдан (ablative singular)
злотыйлардан (ablative plural)
злотыймен (instrumental singular)
злотыйлармен (instrumental plural)

kk-decl-noun

злотыйлардың

злотыйлардан

злотыйлармен


злотый

ru-noun+

зло́тый • (zlótyj) m inan (genitive зло́того, nominative plural зло́тые, genitive plural зло́тых)

зло́тый (canonical)
zlótyj (romanization)
зло́того (genitive)
зло́тые (nominative plural)
зло́тых (genitive plural)
зло́тый (nominative singular)
зло́тые (nominative plural)
зло́того (genitive singular)
зло́тых (genitive plural)
зло́тому (dative singular)
зло́тым (dative plural)
зло́тый (accusative singular)
зло́тые (accusative plural)
зло́тым (instrumental singular)
зло́тыми (instrumental plural)
зло́том (prepositional singular)
зло́тых (plural prepositional)

→ Kazakh: злотый (zlotyi)

Borrowed from Polish złoty. Doublet of золото́й (zolotój).

(numismatics) zloty (currency of Poland)

ru:польский злотый


პოლონეთი

ṗoloneti (romanization)
პოლონეთი (nominative singular)
პოლონეთმა (ergative singular)
პოლონეთს (dative singular)
პოლონეთს (dative singular)
პოლონეთსაs) (dative singular)
პოლონეთსაsa) (dative singular)
პოლონეთის (genitive singular)
პოლონეთის (genitive singular)
პოლონეთისაs) (genitive singular)
პოლონეთისაsa) (genitive singular)
პოლონეთით (instrumental singular)
პოლონეთით (instrumental singular)
პოლონეთითაt) (instrumental singular)
პოლონეთითაta) (instrumental singular)
პოლონეთად (adverbial singular)
პოლონეთად (adverbial singular)
პოლონეთადაd) (adverbial singular)
პოლონეთადაda) (adverbial singular)
პოლონეთო (singular vocative)
-ზე (postpositional with-dative)
პოლონეთზე (singular)
-თან (postpositional with-dative)
პოლონეთთან (singular)
-ში (postpositional with-dative)
პოლონეთში (singular)
-ვით (postpositional with-dative)
პოლონეთივით (singular)
-თვის (postpositional with-genitive)
პოლონეთისთვის (singular)
-ებრ (postpositional with-genitive)
პოლონეთისებრ (singular)
-კენ (postpositional with-genitive)
პოლონეთისკენ (singular)
-გან (postpositional with-genitive)
პოლონეთისგან (singular)
-დან (postpositional with-instrumental)
პოლონეთიდან (singular)
-ურთ (postpositional with-instrumental)
პოლონეთითურთ (singular)
-მდე (postpositional with-adverb)
პოლონეთამდე (singular)

From Latin Polonia, with the suffix -ia replaced by the Georgian counterpart -ეთი (-eti).


krakowiak

pl-noun

krakowiak m pers (female equivalent krakowianka, diminutive krakowiaczek)

krakowianka (feminine)
krakowiaczek (diminutive)
krakowiak (nominative singular)
krakowiacy (nominative plural)
krakowiaki (derogatory nominative plural)
krakowiaka (genitive singular)
krakowiaków (genitive plural)
krakowiakowi (dative singular)
krakowiakom (dative plural)
krakowiaka (accusative singular)
krakowiaków (accusative plural)
krakowiakiem (instrumental singular)
krakowiakami (instrumental plural)
krakowiaku (locative singular)
krakowiakach (locative plural)
krakowiaku (singular vocative)
krakowiacy (plural vocative)

(colloquial) Cracovian; inhabitant of Cracow


złotówka

złotówka f (diminutive złotóweczka, augmentative złotówa)

złotóweczka (diminutive)
złotówa (augmentative)
złotówka (nominative singular)
złotówki (nominative plural)
złotówki (genitive singular)
złotówek (genitive plural)
złotówce (dative singular)
złotówkom (dative plural)
złotówkę (accusative singular)
złotówki (accusative plural)
złotówką (instrumental singular)
złotówkami (instrumental plural)
złotówce (locative singular)
złotówkach (locative plural)
złotówko (singular vocative)
złotówki (plural vocative)

(metonymically) zloty (currency of Poland)


wilamowski

wilamowski (nominative singular)
wilamowskiego (genitive singular)
wilamowskiemu (dative singular)
wilamowski (accusative singular)
wilamowskim (instrumental singular)
wilamowskim (locative singular)
wilamowski (singular vocative)

Vilamovian, Wymysorys (West Germanic language spoken in the Polish town of Wilamowice)


weka

weka (nominative singular)
weki (nominative plural)
weki (genitive singular)
wek (genitive plural)
wece (dative singular)
wekom (dative plural)
wekę (accusative singular)
weki (accusative plural)
weką (instrumental singular)
wekami (instrumental plural)
wece (locative singular)
wekach (locative plural)
weko (singular vocative)
weki (plural vocative)

(Kraków) veka (type of pastry made of wheat flour, produced in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Poland, similar to a French baguette but wider, bigger, and fluffier, and with a smoother surface)


varsoviano

pt-adj

varsoviano (feminine varsoviana, masculine plural varsovianos, feminine plural varsovianas)

varsoviana (feminine)
varsovianos (masculine plural)
varsovianas (feminine plural)


varsoviano

pt-noun

varsoviano m (plural varsovianos, feminine varsoviana, feminine plural varsovianas)

varsovianos (plural)
varsoviana (feminine)
varsovianas (feminine plural)


varsoviano

Varsovian (of or relating to Warsaw, Poland)


varsoviano

Varsovian (native or resident of Warsaw, Poland)


Pólska

Pólska (nominative singular uncountable)
Pólskeje (genitive singular uncountable)
Pólskej (dative singular uncountable)
Pólsku (accusative singular uncountable)
Pólskeju (instrumental singular uncountable)
Pólskej (locative singular uncountable)

From Polish Polska (“Poland”), from Proto-Slavic *poľьska, *poľe *zemľa (“field, plain country”).


Pólska

Pólska (nominative singular)
Pólskej (dual nominative)
Pólske (nominative plural)
Pólskeje (genitive singular)
Pólskeju (dual genitive)
Pólskich (genitive plural)
Pólskej (dative singular)
Pólskimaj (dative dual)
Pólskim (dative plural)
Pólsku (accusative singular)
Pólskej (accusative dual)
Pólske (accusative plural)
Pólskej (instrumental singular)
Pólskimaj (dual instrumental)
Pólskimi (instrumental plural)
Pólskej (locative singular)
Pólskimaj (dual locative)
Pólskich (locative plural)
Pólska (singular vocative)
Pólskej (dual vocative)
Pólske (plural vocative)


pospolite

Borrowed from Polish pospolite ruszenie (“a general summons to arms, an arriere-ban”, literally “general stirring”).

bor

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

(historical, military) A former militia in the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, consisting of the gentry, which, was summoned to defend the country in the event of an invasion


Szczedrzyk

From the Polish spelling of the village's name. Compare Sczedrzik, from the German spelling.

2010, Merle W. McMorrow, A Long Short Life, page 217: Her descendants originated from Eastern Germany and the Ukraine. Her paternal grandfather, Frank Jonietz, was born October 8, 1855, near the Oder River in Upper Silicia in the village of Szczedrzyk.

A village in what is now Poland, what was formerly Germany.


kulik

kulik (nominative singular)
kuliki (nominative plural)
kulika (genitive singular)
kulików (genitive plural)
kulikowi (dative singular)
kulikom (dative plural)
kulik (accusative singular)
kuliki (accusative plural)
kulikiem (instrumental singular)
kulikami (instrumental plural)
kuliku (locative singular)
kulikach (locative plural)
kuliku (singular vocative)
kuliki (plural vocative)

(archaic, regional) sleigh ride event (Polish winter tradition)


ვარშავა

varšava (romanization)
ვარშავა (nominative singular)
ვარშავამ (ergative singular)
ვარშავას (dative singular)
ვარშავას (dative singular)
ვარშავასაs) (dative singular)
ვარშავასაsa) (dative singular)
ვარშავის (genitive singular)
ვარშავის (genitive singular)
ვარშავისაs) (genitive singular)
ვარშავისაsa) (genitive singular)
ვარშავით (instrumental singular)
ვარშავით (instrumental singular)
ვარშავითაt) (instrumental singular)
ვარშავითაta) (instrumental singular)
ვარშავად (adverbial singular)
ვარშავად (adverbial singular)
ვარშავადაd) (adverbial singular)
ვარშავადაda) (adverbial singular)
ვარშავავ (singular vocative)
-ზე (postpositional with-dative)
ვარშავაზე (singular)
-თან (postpositional with-dative)
ვარშავასთან (singular)
-ში (postpositional with-dative)
ვარშავაში (singular)
-ვით (postpositional with-dative)
ვარშავასავით (singular)
-თვის (postpositional with-genitive)
ვარშავისთვის (singular)
-ებრ (postpositional with-genitive)
ვარშავისებრ (singular)
-კენ (postpositional with-genitive)
ვარშავისკენ (singular)
-გან (postpositional with-genitive)
ვარშავისგან (singular)
-დან (postpositional with-instrumental)
ვარშავიდან (singular)
-ურთ (postpositional with-instrumental)
ვარშავითურთ (singular)
-მდე (postpositional with-adverb)
ვარშავამდე (singular)


ზლოტი

ka-noun

ზლოტი • (zloṭi) (plural ზლოტები)

zloṭi (romanization)
ზლოტები (plural)
ზლოტი (nominative singular)
ზლოტები (nominative plural)
ზლოტნი (archaic nominative plural)
ზლოტმა (ergative singular)
ზლოტებმა (ergative plural)
ზლოტთ (archaic ergative plural)
ზლოტთ (archaic ergative plural)
ზლოტთაt) (archaic ergative plural)
ზლოტთაta) (archaic ergative plural)
ზლოტს (dative singular)
ზლოტს (dative singular)
ზლოტსაs) (dative singular)
ზლოტსაsa) (dative singular)
ზლოტებს (dative plural)
ზლოტებს (dative plural)
ზლოტებსაs) (dative plural)
ზლოტებსაsa) (dative plural)
ზლოტთ (archaic dative plural)
ზლოტთ (archaic dative plural)
ზლოტთაt) (archaic dative plural)
ზლოტთაta) (archaic dative plural)
ზლოტის (genitive singular)
ზლოტის (genitive singular)
ზლოტისაs) (genitive singular)
ზლოტისაsa) (genitive singular)
ზლოტების (genitive plural)
ზლოტების (genitive plural)
ზლოტებისაs) (genitive plural)
ზლოტებისაsa) (genitive plural)
ზლოტთ (archaic genitive plural)
ზლოტთ (archaic genitive plural)
ზლოტთაt) (archaic genitive plural)
ზლოტთაta) (archaic genitive plural)
ზლოტით (instrumental singular)
ზლოტით (instrumental singular)
ზლოტითაt) (instrumental singular)
ზლოტითაta) (instrumental singular)
ზლოტებით (instrumental plural)
ზლოტებით (instrumental plural)
ზლოტებითაt) (instrumental plural)
ზლოტებითაta) (instrumental plural)
ზლოტად (adverbial singular)
ზლოტად (adverbial singular)
ზლოტადაd) (adverbial singular)
ზლოტადაda) (adverbial singular)
ზლოტებად (adverbial plural)
ზლოტებად (adverbial plural)
ზლოტებადაd) (adverbial plural)
ზლოტებადაda) (adverbial plural)
ზლოტო (singular vocative)
ზლოტებო (plural vocative)
ზლოტნო (archaic plural vocative)
-ზე (postpositional with-dative)
ზლოტზე (singular)
ზლოტებზე (plural)
-თან (postpositional with-dative)
ზლოტთან (singular)
ზლოტებთან (plural)
-ში (postpositional with-dative)
ზლოტში (singular)
ზლოტებში (plural)
-ვით (postpositional with-dative)
ზლოტივით (singular)
ზლოტებივით (plural)
-თვის (postpositional with-genitive)
ზლოტისთვის (singular)
ზლოტებისთვის (plural)
-ებრ (postpositional with-genitive)
ზლოტისებრ (singular)
ზლოტებისებრ (plural)
-კენ (postpositional with-genitive)
ზლოტისკენ (singular)
ზლოტებისკენ (plural)
-გან (postpositional with-genitive)
ზლოტისგან (singular)
ზლოტებისგან (plural)
-დან (postpositional with-instrumental)
ზლოტიდან (singular)
ზლოტებიდან (plural)
-ურთ (postpositional with-instrumental)
ზლოტითურთ (singular)
ზლოტებითურთ (plural)
-მდე (postpositional with-adverb)
ზლოტამდე (singular)
ზლოტებამდე (plural)


პოლონური

ka-proper noun

პოლონური • (ṗolonuri)

Ka-პოლონური.ogg


Гданск

Gdańsk (the capital and largest city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Гданськ

uk-proper noun

Гданськ • (Hdansʹk) m inan (genitive Гда́нська, uncountable, relational adjective Гда́нський)

Hdansʹk (romanization)
Гда́нська (genitive)
Гда́нський (adjective relational)
Гданськ (nominative singular)
Гда́нська (genitive singular)
Гда́нську (dative singular)
Гданськ (accusative singular)
Гда́нськом (instrumental singular)
Гда́нську (locative singular)
Гда́нську (singular vocative)


Познань

be-proper noun

По́знань<F.sg>

По́знань • (Póznanʹ) f inan (genitive По́знані, uncountable, relational adjective по́знанскі)

По́знань (canonical)
Póznanʹ (romanization)
По́знані (genitive)
по́знанскі (adjective relational)
По́знань (nominative singular)
По́знані (genitive singular)
По́знані (dative singular)
По́знань (accusative singular)
По́знанню (instrumental singular)
По́знані (locative singular)

be-ndecl

По́знань<F.sg>


Познань

ru-proper noun+

По́знань • (Póznanʹ) f inan (genitive По́знани, relational adjective по́знанский)

По́знань (canonical)
Póznanʹ (romanization)
По́знани (genitive)
по́знанский (adjective relational)
По́знань (nominative singular)
По́знани (genitive singular)
По́знани (dative singular)
По́знань (accusative singular)
По́знанью (instrumental singular)
По́знани (prepositional singular)


Познань

uk-proper noun

По́знань<F.sg>

по́знанський

По́знань • (Póznanʹ) f inan (genitive По́знані, uncountable, relational adjective по́знанський)

По́знань (canonical)
Póznanʹ (romanization)
По́знані (genitive)
по́знанський (adjective relational)
По́знань (nominative singular)
По́знані (genitive singular)
По́знані (dative singular)
По́знань (accusative singular)
По́знанню (instrumental singular)
По́знані (locative singular)
По́знане (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

По́знань<F.sg>

Poznan (the capital and largest city of the Greater Poland, Poland)


Mazur

pl-noun

Mazur m pers (female equivalent Mazurka)

Mazurka (feminine)
Mazur (nominative singular)
Mazurzy (nominative plural)
Mazura (genitive singular)
Mazurów (genitive plural)
Mazurowi (dative singular)
Mazurom (dative plural)
Mazura (accusative singular)
Mazurów (accusative plural)
Mazurem (instrumental singular)
Mazurami (instrumental plural)
Mazurze (locative singular)
Mazurach (locative plural)
Mazurze (singular vocative)
Mazurzy (plural vocative)

Masurian; Masovian (person from Masuria or Masovia)


Mazur

Mazur (nominative singular)
Mazurowie (nominative plural)
Mazura (genitive singular)
Mazurów (genitive plural)
Mazurowi (dative singular)
Mazurom (dative plural)
Mazura (accusative singular)
Mazurów (accusative plural)
Mazurem (instrumental singular)
Mazurami (instrumental plural)
Mazurze (locative singular)
Mazurach (locative plural)
Mazurze (singular vocative)
Mazurowie (plural vocative)


Гданьск

be-proper noun

Гданьск • (Hdanʹsk) m inan (genitive Гда́ньска, uncountable, relational adjective гда́ньскі)

Hdanʹsk (romanization)
Гда́ньска (genitive)
гда́ньскі (adjective relational)
Гданьск (nominative singular)
Гда́ньска (genitive singular)
Гда́ньску (dative singular)
Гданьск (accusative singular)
Гда́ньскам (instrumental singular)
Гда́ньску (locative singular)

Gdańsk (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Гданьск

ru-proper noun+

Гданьск • (Gdanʹsk) m inan (genitive Гда́ньска, relational adjective гда́ньский)

Gdanʹsk (romanization)
Гда́ньска (genitive)
гда́ньский (adjective relational)
Гда́ньск (nominative singular)
Гда́ньска (genitive singular)
Гда́ньску (dative singular)
Гда́ньск (accusative singular)
Гда́ньском (instrumental singular)
Гда́ньске (prepositional singular)

Гданьскъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)


Polonja

Repubblika tal-Polonja
Repubblika tal-Polonja#Maltese

Poland (a country in Central Europe; official name: Repubblika tal-Polonja)


סיים

Sejm (lower house of the Polish parliament, historically the whole parliament)


poļu valoda

poļu valoda (nominative singular)
poļu valodu (accusative singular)
poļu valodas (genitive singular)
poļu valodai (dative singular)
poļu valodu (instrumental singular)
poļu valodā (locative singular)
poļu valoda (singular vocative)

Polish language (lit. language of the Poles)


polisks

head

polisks (definite poliskais, comparative poliskāks, superlative vispoliskākais, adverb poliski)

poliskais (definite)
poliskāks (comparative)
vispoliskākais (superlative)
poliski (adverb)
polisks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
poliski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
poliska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
poliskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
polisku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
poliskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
polisku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
poliskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
poliska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
polisku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
poliskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
polisku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
poliskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
poliskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
poliskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
poliskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
polisku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
poliskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
polisku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
poliskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
poliskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
poliskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
poliskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
poliskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

polisks ornaments

poliska izruna

tad nāca slaveno futbolistu sērija, kuriem bija poliska izcelsme

then came a series of famous soccer players who had Polish origins

Polish (relating to the Polish language; relating to Poles or to Poland)


poliete

lv-noun

poliete f (5th declension, masculine form: polis)

polis (masculine)
poliete (nominative singular)
polietes (nominative plural)
polieti (accusative singular)
polietes (accusative plural)
polietes (genitive singular)
poliešu (genitive plural)
polietei (dative singular)
polietēm (dative plural)
polieti (instrumental singular)
polietēm (instrumental plural)
polietē (locative singular)
polietēs (locative plural)
poliete (singular vocative)
polietes (plural vocative)

pusmūža sieviete, pēc tautības poliete, ir atbraukusi ekskursijā no dzimtās Varšavas

a middle-aged woman, a Pole by ethnicity, arrived in an excursion from her native Warsaw


Polijas Republika

Polijas Republika (nominative singular)
Polijas Republiku (accusative singular)
Polijas Republikas (genitive singular)
Polijas Republikai (dative singular)
Polijas Republiku (instrumental singular)
Polijas Republikā (locative singular)
Polijas Republika (singular vocative)

Polija, oficiāli Polijas Republika, ir valsts Centrāleiropā

Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe

Polijas Republikas vēstniecība

Republic of Poland (official name of Poland)


पोलैंड

hi-proper noun

पोलैंड • (polaiṇḍ) m (Urdu spelling پولینڈ)

polaiṇḍ (romanization)
پولینڈ (Urdu)
पोलैंड (direct singular)
पोलैंड (oblique singular)
पोलैंड (singular vocative)

[poː.lɛ̃ːɳɖ]


זלאָטע

yi-noun

זלאָטע • (zlote) f, plural זלאָטעס (zlotes)

zlote (romanization)
zlotes (romanization)


Галиција

Га̀лӣција (canonical feminine)
Gàlīcija (romanization)
Галиција (nominative singular)
Галиције (genitive singular)
Галицији (dative singular)
Галицију (accusative singular)
Галицијо (singular vocative)
Галиција (singular vocative)
Галицији (locative singular)
Галицијом (instrumental singular)

sh-decl-noun-unc

Галицијо / Галиција


polonistika

cs-noun

polonistika f (related adjective polonistický)

polonistický (adjective)
polonistika (nominative singular)
polonistiky (nominative plural)
polonistiky (genitive singular)
polonistik (genitive plural)
polonistice (dative singular)
polonistikám (dative plural)
polonistiku (accusative singular)
polonistiky (accusative plural)
polonistiko (singular vocative)
polonistiky (plural vocative)
polonistice (locative singular)
polonistikách (locative plural)
polonistikou (instrumental singular)
polonistikami (instrumental plural)

(humanities) Polish studies, Polonistics


szlachta

(historical) A legally privileged noble class in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.


له

Borrowed from Old Ruthenian лѧхъ sg (ljax, “a Pole”) and лѧхи pl (ljaxi, “Poland”), from Old East Slavic лѧхъ m sg (lęxŭ, “a Pole”) and лѧхове m pl (lęxove, “Poland”), from Proto-Slavic *lęxъ.

der

Synonym of لهستان, Poland (a country in Central Europe)


polaczek

polaczek (nominative singular)
polaczki (nominative plural)
polaczka (genitive singular)
polaczków (genitive plural)
polaczkowi (dative singular)
polaczkom (dative plural)
polaczka (accusative singular)
polaczków (accusative plural)
polaczkiem (instrumental singular)
polaczkami (instrumental plural)
polaczku (locative singular)
polaczkach (locative plural)
polaczku (singular vocative)
polaczki (plural vocative)

A ty KIM jesteś jeżeli nie polaczkiem?

2001, alergen, pl.soc.polityka.wybory, Usenet:

zgadzam się - polaczki takie jak ty doi niczego się nie nadają - tylko w dupę debilom potrafią włazić... trochę to mało...

2003, Pizzer, alt.pl.popieram.ateizm, Usenet:

I agree - Polacks like you are good for nothing - they can only kiss morons' asses... that's not a lot...

Typowy polaczek-zlodziej, tylko kombinuje jak by tu ukrasc, jak oszukac, jak obejsce przepisy. Zycze Ci aby inny polaczek tak samo kiedys twoj program ukradl.

2004, Rafal 'Raf256' Maj, pl.comp.lang.c, Usenet:

Typical thieving Polack, thinking only about how to steal, how to cheat, how to evade the law. I wish that another Pole stole your software one day just like that.

Jak zwykle polaczki rozpierdalają świat i porządek, jak zwykle szukamy sobie wrogów.

As usual Polacks are destroying the world and order, as always we're looking for a fight.

(derogatory) Polack, Pole, Polish person


dresiarz

pl-noun

dresiarz m pers (female equivalent dresiara)

dresiara (feminine)
dresiarz (nominative singular)
dresiarze (nominative plural)
dresiarza (genitive singular)
dresiarzy (genitive plural)
dresiarzowi (dative singular)
dresiarzom (dative plural)
dresiarza (accusative singular)
dresiarzy (accusative plural)
dresiarzem (instrumental singular)
dresiarzami (instrumental plural)
dresiarzu (locative singular)
dresiarzach (locative plural)
dresiarzu (singular vocative)
dresiarze (plural vocative)

(derogatory) chav (member of a subculture of young males who live in urban tower blocks or tenement houses and are often seen as undereducated, unemployed, aggressive, and anti-social)


sołectwo

sołectwo (nominative singular)
sołectwa (nominative plural)
sołectwa (genitive singular)
sołectw (genitive plural)
sołectwu (dative singular)
sołectwom (dative plural)
sołectwo (accusative singular)
sołectwa (accusative plural)
sołectwem (instrumental singular)
sołectwami (instrumental plural)
sołectwie (locative singular)
sołectwach (locative plural)
sołectwo (singular vocative)
sołectwa (plural vocative)

sołectwo (auxiliary unit of local government and administration in Poland, below gmina)

(metonymically) sołectwo (people living in such a division)

(government, metonymically) sołectwo office (headquarters of such a district)

(government, metonymically) sołectwo authorities (people in charge of such a district)

(Central Greater Poland) sołectwo (farm and residence of a sołtys)