palus

la-noun

palūs f (genitive palūdis); third declension

palūs (canonical feminine)
palūdis (genitive)
palūs (nominative singular)
palūdēs (nominative plural)
palūdis (genitive singular)
palūdum (genitive plural)
palūdī (dative singular)
palūdibus (dative plural)
palūdem (accusative singular)
palūdēs (accusative plural)
palūde (ablative singular)
palūdibus (ablative plural)
palūs (singular vocative)
palūdēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: palude

North Italian:

Istriot: paloû

Ladin: paluk, palú

Lombard: palut

Piedmontese: palú

desc

Romansch: palieu, paleu, pale, palukt, palü

Venetian: palude

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: palu

French: palud, palus

Norman: palu

Old Gascon: palu

Old Occitan: palut, palus

Borrowings:

→ French: palude

→ Portuguese: palude

→ Romanian: paludă

→ Spanish: palude

Balkan Romance: (with a semantic shift to "forest")

Aromanian: pãduri

Megleno-Romanian: păduri

Romanian: pădure

→ Proto-Albanian: *pëdyll, *pëýll

Albanian: pyll

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: padula

Italian: padule

Neapolitan: padula

Sicilian: padula

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: padule, paule, pauli

North Italian:

Lombard: padum

Old Ligurian: paú

Ligurian: padú (outside influence?)

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: paul

Catalan: Paül (toponym)

Ibero-Romance:

Mozarabic: *padul

→ Spanish: Padul, Padules (southern toponyms)

Navarro-Aragonese: padul

Portuguese: paul

Spanish: paúl

→ Basque: padura, fadura

From Proto-Italic *palūts, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”) (presumably with semantic shift "gray" > "swamp", though this is semantically tenuous). Either way, related to Latvian peļķe (“puddle”), Lithuanian pelkė (“marsh”), Sanskrit पल्वल (palvala, “pool, pond”), and possibly Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “mud, earth, clay”).


spelunca

la-noun

spēlunca f (genitive spēluncae); first declension

spēlunca (canonical feminine)
spēluncae (genitive)
spēlunca (nominative singular)
spēluncae (nominative plural)
spēluncae (genitive singular)
spēluncārum (genitive plural)
spēluncae (dative singular)
spēluncīs (dative plural)
spēluncam (accusative singular)
spēluncās (accusative plural)
spēluncā (ablative singular)
spēluncīs (ablative plural)
spēlunca (singular vocative)
spēluncae (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: spelonk

→ English: spelunk

Franco-Provençal: espèlonca

Old French: espelonche

→ French: spélonque

Galician: espenuca

→ German: Spelunke

Italian: spelonca

Occitan: espelonga

→ Polish: spelunka, speluna

Portuguese: espelunca

Spanish: espelunca

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *spelūca

Catalan: espluga

Occitan: espeluga (Gascon), espeluca (Provençal),

[s̠peːˈɫ̪ʊŋkä]

Sed pater omnipotēns spēluncīs abdidit ātrīs,

But the all-powerful Father [Jupiter] had hidden [the winds] in dark caverns, [because he was] fearing this [destruction], ….


abra

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


abra

Borrowed from Spanish abra, from French havre.


bowl

Bislama: bol

→ Esperanto: bovlo

desctree

→ French: bol
→ Catalan: bol
→ Greek: μπολ (bol)

→ German: Bowle, → Bowl

→ Hungarian: bólé

→ Ido: bolo

→ Irish: bolla

→ Japanese: ボール (bōru)

→ Latvian: bole (probably via German)

→ Korean: 볼 (bol)

→ Scottish Gaelic: bòl

→ Swedish: bål

From Middle English bolle, from Old English bolla, bolle (“bowl, cup, pot, beaker, measure”), from Proto-West Germanic *bollā, from Proto-Germanic *bullǭ (“ball, round vessel, bowl”).
Cognate with North Frisian bol (“bun, bread roll”), Middle Low German bolle, bole (“round object”), Dutch bol (“ball, sphere, scoop, dot”), German Bolle (“bulb”), Danish bolle (“bowl, bread roll”), Icelandic bolli (“cup”). Doublet of boule and pulla.

inh

(geography) A round crater (or similar) in the ground.


det

sq-noun

det m (plural dete, definite deti, definite plural detet)

dete (plural)
deti (definite)
detet (definite plural)
det (indefinite nominative singular)
deti (definite nominative singular)
dete (indefinite nominative plural)
detet (definite nominative plural)
det (accusative indefinite singular)
detin (accusative definite singular)
dete (accusative indefinite plural)
detet (accusative definite plural)
deti (dative indefinite singular)
detit (dative definite singular)
deteve (dative indefinite plural)
deteve (dative definite plural)
deti (ablative indefinite singular)
detit (ablative definite singular)
detesh (ablative indefinite plural)
deteve (ablative definite plural)

Shortening of dialectal dēt (South Gheg), from archaic Arbëreshë dejt, dejët, from Proto-Albanian *deubeta, from pre-Albanian *dʰéubʰetos, enlargement of Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰos (“deep”), from *dʰewbʰ- (compare English deep, Lithuanian dubùs). Hyllested proposes a loanword from Greek δέλτα.


Svartån

svart (“black”) + å (“river”) + -n (“the”)

af

the name of several streams or smaller rivers in different places in Sweden and Finland


fou

Inherited from Latin fōcem, early monophthongized variant of faucem.


lagoon

→ Arabic: جون (jōn)

Borrowed from French lagune, from Italian laguna, from Latin lacuna. Related to Old English lagu via Proto-Indo-European. Doublet of lacuna and lacune.

A shallow body of water separated from deeper sea by a bar.


rote

English: root

Scots: ruit, rute

From Late Old English rōt, rōte, from Old Norse rót, from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds. Doublet of wort (“plant”). See more at English root.

Something which generates, creates, or emanates something:

The origin of an abstract quality; that which something originally came from.

A wellspring or exemplar of an abstract quality that which something comes from.


θάλασσα

head

θάλασσα • (thálassa) f (plural θάλασσες)

thálassa (romanization)
θάλασσες (plural)
θάλασσα (nominative singular)
θάλασσες (nominative plural)
θάλασσας (genitive singular)
θαλασσών (genitive plural)
θάλασσα (accusative singular)
θάλασσες (accusative plural)
θάλασσα (singular vocative)
θάλασσες (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek θάλασσα (thálassa). Cognate with Tsakonian θάσσα (thássa, “sea”), Mariupol Greek тъа́ласа (θálasa).

θαλασσοπνίγομαι

be half-drowned, be in difficulties at sea

Βαλτική Θάλασσα, Μεσόγειος Θάλασσα

Πήγε στη θάλασσα.


rieka

riečka (diminutive)
rieka (nominative singular)
rieky (nominative plural)
rieky (genitive singular)
riek (genitive plural)
rieke (dative singular)
riekam (dative plural)
rieku (accusative singular)
rieky (accusative plural)
rieke (locative singular)
riekach (locative plural)
riekou (instrumental singular)
riekami (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Slovak rieka, from Proto-Slavic *rěka.


æ

letter of the Old English (Anglo-Saxon) alphabet, listed in 24th and final position by Byrhtferð (1011); Called æsc (“ash tree”) after the Anglo-Saxon ᚫ rune


Eufrat

Eufrat (nominative singular)
Eufratu (genitive singular)
Eufratu (dative singular)
Eufrat (accusative singular)
Eufrate (singular vocative)
Eufratu (locative singular)
Eufratem (instrumental singular)


Eufrat

Eufrat (nominative singular)
Eufrat (accusative nominative singular)
Eufratin (accusative genitive singular)
Eufratin (genitive singular)
Eufratia (partitive singular)
Eufratissa (inessive singular)
Eufratista (elative singular)
Eufratiin (illative singular)
Eufratilla (adessive singular)
Eufratilta (ablative singular)
Eufratille (allative singular)
Eufratina (essive singular)
Eufratiksi (singular translative)
Eufratitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Eufratini (nominative singular)
Eufratini (accusative nominative singular)
Eufratini (accusative genitive singular)
Eufratini (genitive singular)
Eufratiani (partitive singular)
Eufratissani (inessive singular)
Eufratistani (elative singular)
Eufratiini (illative singular)
Eufratillani (adessive singular)
Eufratiltani (ablative singular)
Eufratilleni (allative singular)
Eufratinani (essive singular)
Eufratikseni (singular translative)
Eufratittani (abessive singular)
Eufratisi (nominative singular)
Eufratisi (accusative nominative singular)
Eufratisi (accusative genitive singular)
Eufratisi (genitive singular)
Eufratiasi (partitive singular)
Eufratissasi (inessive singular)
Eufratistasi (elative singular)
Eufratiisi (illative singular)
Eufratillasi (adessive singular)
Eufratiltasi (ablative singular)
Eufratillesi (allative singular)
Eufratinasi (essive singular)
Eufratiksesi (singular translative)
Eufratittasi (abessive singular)
Eufratimme (nominative singular)
Eufratimme (accusative nominative singular)
Eufratimme (accusative genitive singular)
Eufratimme (genitive singular)
Eufratiamme (partitive singular)
Eufratissamme (inessive singular)
Eufratistamme (elative singular)
Eufratiimme (illative singular)
Eufratillamme (adessive singular)
Eufratiltamme (ablative singular)
Eufratillemme (allative singular)
Eufratinamme (essive singular)
Eufratiksemme (singular translative)
Eufratittamme (abessive singular)
Eufratinne (nominative singular)
Eufratinne (accusative nominative singular)
Eufratinne (accusative genitive singular)
Eufratinne (genitive singular)
Eufratianne (partitive singular)
Eufratissanne (inessive singular)
Eufratistanne (elative singular)
Eufratiinne (illative singular)
Eufratillanne (adessive singular)
Eufratiltanne (ablative singular)
Eufratillenne (allative singular)
Eufratinanne (essive singular)
Eufratiksenne (singular translative)
Eufratittanne (abessive singular)
Eufratinsa (nominative singular)
Eufratinsa (accusative nominative singular)
Eufratinsa (accusative genitive singular)
Eufratinsa (genitive singular)
Eufratiaan (partitive singular)
Eufratiansa (partitive singular)
Eufratissaan (inessive singular)
Eufratissansa (inessive singular)
Eufratistaan (elative singular)
Eufratistansa (elative singular)
Eufratiinsa (illative singular)
Eufratillaan (adessive singular)
Eufratillansa (adessive singular)
Eufratiltaan (ablative singular)
Eufratiltansa (ablative singular)
Eufratilleen (allative singular)
Eufratillensa (allative singular)
Eufratinaan (essive singular)
Eufratinansa (essive singular)
Eufratikseen (singular translative)
Eufratiksensa (singular translative)
Eufratittaan (abessive singular)
Eufratittansa (abessive singular)

From German Euphrat, from Latin Euphrātēs, from Ancient Greek Εὐφράτης (Euphrátēs), from Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 (ʰUfrātuš).


Eufrat

Eufrat (nominative singular)
Eufratu (genitive singular)
Eufratowi (dative singular)
Eufrat (accusative singular)
Eufratem (instrumental singular)
Eufracie (locative singular)
Eufracie (singular vocative)


Eufrat

Èufrat (canonical masculine)
Ѐуфрат (Cyrillic)
Eufrat (nominative singular)
Eufrata (genitive singular)
Eufratu (dative singular)
Eufrat (accusative singular)
Eufrate (singular vocative)
Eufratu (locative singular)
Eufratom (instrumental singular)


Eufrat

sk-proper noun

Eufrat m inan (genitive singular Eufratu, declension pattern of dub)

Eufratu (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Eufrat (nominative singular-only)
Eufratu (genitive singular-only)
Eufratu (dative singular-only)
Eufrat (accusative singular-only)
Eufrate (locative singular-only)
Eufratom (instrumental singular-only)


glacier

→ Hindi: ग्लेशियर (gleśiyar)

Borrowed from French glacier, from Franco-Provençal gllaciér, from Vulgar Latin *glaciārium, a derivative of Latin glaciēs (“ice”), of uncertain origin. First attested in English in 1744 per the OED.

They warned that the effects of glacier melting on water resources are becoming “increasingly serious” for China.

(geology) A large body of ice which flows under its own mass, usually downhill.

gletser

a large body of ice which flows under its own mass, usually downhill


glacier

glace (“mirror; ice-cream”) + -ier (occupational suffix).


pláž

pláž (nominative singular)
pláže (nominative plural)
pláže (genitive singular)
pláží (genitive plural)
pláži (dative singular)
plážím (dative plural)
pláž (accusative singular)
pláže (accusative plural)
pláži (singular vocative)
pláže (plural vocative)
pláži (locative singular)
plážích (locative plural)
pláží (instrumental singular)
plážemi (instrumental plural)


pláž

sk-noun

pláž f (genitive singular pláže, nominative plural pláže, genitive plural pláží, declension pattern of dlaň)

pláže (genitive singular)
pláže (nominative plural)
pláží (genitive plural)
dlaň (declension-pattern-of)
pláž (nominative singular)
pláže (nominative plural)
pláže (genitive singular)
pláží (genitive plural)
pláži (dative singular)
plážam (dative plural)
pláž (accusative singular)
pláže (accusative plural)
pláži (locative singular)
plážach (locative plural)
plážou (instrumental singular)
plážami (instrumental plural)


caverna

Borrowed from Latin caverna. Cognate with English cavern.

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico


hora

hora (nominative singular)
hory (nominative plural)
hory (genitive singular)
hor (genitive plural)
hoře (dative singular)
horám (dative plural)
horu (accusative singular)
hory (accusative plural)
horo (singular vocative)
hory (plural vocative)
hoře (locative singular)
horách (locative plural)
horou (instrumental singular)
horami (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech hora, from Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *garā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.


hora

hora f (genitive singular hory, nominative plural hory, genitive plural hôr, declension pattern of žena)

hory (genitive singular)
hory (nominative plural)
hôr (genitive plural)
žena (declension-pattern-of)
hora (nominative singular)
hory (nominative plural)
hory (genitive singular)
hôr (genitive plural)
hore (dative singular)
horám (dative plural)
horu (accusative singular)
hory (accusative plural)
hore (locative singular)
horách (locative plural)
horou (instrumental singular)
horami (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gwerH-.


озеро

ru-noun+

о́зеро • (ózero) n inan (genitive о́зера, nominative plural озёра, genitive plural озёр, relational adjective озёрный, diminutive озерцо́)

о́зеро (canonical)
ózero (romanization)
о́зера (genitive)
озёра (nominative plural)
озёр (genitive plural)
озёрный (adjective relational)
озерцо́ (diminutive)
о́зеро (nominative singular)
озёра (irregular nominative plural)
о́зера (genitive singular)
озёр (genitive irregular plural)
о́зеру (dative singular)
озёрам (dative irregular plural)
о́зеро (accusative singular)
озёра (accusative irregular plural)
о́зером (instrumental singular)
озёрами (instrumental irregular plural)
о́зере (prepositional singular)
озёрах (irregular plural prepositional)
о́зеро (dated nominative singular)
озёра (dated irregular nominative plural)
о́зера (dated genitive singular)
озёръ (dated genitive irregular plural)
о́зеру (dated dative singular)
озёрамъ (dated dative irregular plural)
о́зеро (accusative dated singular)
озёра (accusative dated irregular plural)
о́зеромъ (dated instrumental singular)
озёрами (dated instrumental irregular plural)
о́зерѣ (dated prepositional singular)
озёрахъ (dated irregular plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic озеро (ozero), from Proto-Slavic *ȅzero, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *éźera.

inh+

Одна́жды пое́хал он на да́льние ту́ндровые озё́ра, на Пя́сину, где стоя́ли рыболове́цкие брига́ды, сплошь почти́ же́нские.

1975, Виктор Астафьев [Viktor Astafyev], “Бойё”, in Царь-рыба, Moscow: Progress Publishers; English translation from Katharine Judelson, transl., Queen Fish, 1982

He had once set off to the distant lakes in the tundra along the Pyasina where some fishing teams were stationed, for the most part consisting of women.

Odnáždy pojéxal on na dálʹnije túndrovyje ozjóra, na Pjásinu, gde stojáli rybolovéckije brigády, splošʹ počtí žénskije.


озеро

uk-noun

о́зеро<plstem:озе́р>

о́зеро • (ózero) n inan (genitive о́зера, nominative plural озе́ра, genitive plural озе́р, relational adjective озе́рний, diminutive озе́рце or озерце́)

о́зеро (canonical)
ózero (romanization)
о́зера (genitive)
озе́ра (nominative plural)
озе́р (genitive plural)
озе́рний (adjective relational)
озе́рце (diminutive)
озерце́ (diminutive)
о́зеро (nominative singular)
озе́ра (nominative plural)
о́зера (genitive singular)
озе́р (genitive plural)
о́зеру (dative singular)
озе́рам (dative plural)
о́зеро (accusative singular)
озе́ра (accusative plural)
о́зером (instrumental singular)
озе́рами (instrumental plural)
о́зері (locative singular)
озе́рах (locative plural)
о́зеро (singular vocative)
озе́ра (plural vocative)

uk-ndecl

о́зеро<plstem:озе́р>

From Proto-Slavic *ȅzero, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *éźera.


ים

he-noun

יָם • (yam) m (plural indefinite יַמִּים, singular construct יַם־, plural construct יַמֵּי־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

יָם (canonical)
yam (romanization)
יַמִּים (indefinite plural)
יַם־ (construct singular)
יַמֵּי־ (construct plural)

Root
 י־מ־ם (y-m-m)
A Northwest Semitic innovation. Compare earlier Eblaite 𒉿𒈬 (wamû, “sea”) which preserves the prototypical /w/ of this root, and distantly related Somali webi (“river”). Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎊𐎎 (ym), Classical Syriac ܝܡܐ (yammāʾ). From Proto-Semitic *wamm- (“sea, river”).


ים

yi-noun

ים • (yam) m, plural ימים (yamem) or ימען (yamen)

yam (romanization)
yamem (romanization)
yamen (romanization)


hollow

en-adj

hollow (comparative hollower, superlative hollowest)

hollower (comparative)
hollowest (superlative)

From Middle English holowe, holwe, holuȝ, holgh, from the noun (see above).

hollow body position
hollow body position

(gymnastics) Pertaining to hollow body position


lacus

la-noun

lacus m (genitive lacūs); fourth declension

lacūs (genitive)
lacus (nominative singular)
lacūs (nominative plural)
lacūs (genitive singular)
lacuum (genitive plural)
lacuī (dative singular)
lacubus (dative plural)
lacum (accusative singular)
lacūs (accusative plural)
lacū (ablative singular)
lacubus (ablative plural)
lacus (singular vocative)
lacūs (plural vocative)

Aragonese: laco

Aromanian: lac

Asturian: llagu

Kabuverdianu: lagu

Catalan: llac

Dalmatian: lac

Emilian: lèg

Esperanto: lago

Franco-Provençal: lèc

Old French: lai

desctree

→? Old French: lac
Middle French: lac
→ Middle English: lac
French: lac
Norman: lac (Jersey)

Friulian: lâc

Galician: lago

Italian: lago

Ligurian: lâgo

Maltese: lag

Occitan: lac

Papiamentu: lago

Portuguese: lago

Romanian: lac

Romansch: lai

Sardinian: lagu

Sicilian: lacu

Spanish: lago

Venetian: łago

From Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”). Cognate with Ancient Greek λάκκος (lákkos, “cistern, tank, pit”) and Old English lagu (“sea, ocean, flood”). More at lay.

cog

inque cavōs ierant tertia musta lacūs

and three times had the must been poured into the hollow wine-vats
(The Latin word lacus, meaning ‘‘hollow’’ or ‘‘lake’’, also described a container used in ancient winemaking. See also mustum and must.)


val

Inherited from Old French val, from Latin vallem.


val

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese vale, from Latin vallis, vallem.

c1350, Kevin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 122

As they clashed, they shouted and cried so aloud that the valleys resounded.

Et ao ferir, braadarõ et deron tan grãdes vozes que os vales rretenyam.


Wien

In this form borrowed from Standard German Wien, from Middle High German Wienne, from Old High German Wēnnia. Further origin uncertain. See the German entry for more.


Wien

de-proper noun

die Wien f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Wien)

die Wien (canonical feminine)
der Wien (definite genitive)
Wien (nominative singular)
Wien (genitive singular)
Wien (dative singular)
Wien (accusative singular)

From Middle High German Wiene, Wienne, from Old High German Wienna, Wēnia, probably from a Vulgar Latin *Vedunia, itself from Proto-Celtic *widus (“wood”) or *wēdus (“wild”). The Latin name Vindobona is probably not related at all, but at any rate cannot be the immediate source of the Old High German name.

Wien (a river in Austria, flowing through Vienna)


karoo

Originates from the Khoikhoi word karo (meaning dry, and hard)

The herd is kept in an enclosure with wire fence about 7 feet high[…] They eat grass and karoo, but prefer bush of every kind, even eating the bitter aloe.

1901 July 5, “Domestication of the Eland”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 9, page 273

(South Africa) Any of the composite bushes typical of the Karoo.


strom

strom (nominative singular)
stromy (nominative plural)
stromu (genitive singular)
stromów (genitive plural)
stromowi (dative singular)
stromom (dative plural)
strom (accusative singular)
stromy (accusative plural)
stromem (instrumental singular)
stromami (instrumental plural)
stromie (locative singular)
stromach (locative plural)
stromie (singular vocative)
stromy (plural vocative)


hill

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

From Middle English hil, from Old English hyll (“hill”), from Proto-Germanic *hulliz (“hill”), from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥Hnís (“top, hill, rock”) (compare also Proto-Germanic *halluz (“stone, rock”)).
Cognate with Middle Dutch hille, hulle (“hill”), Low German hull (“hill”), Old Norse hóll (“hill”), Latin collis (“hill”), Lithuanian kalnas, Albanian kallumë (“big pile, tall heap”), Russian холм (xolm, “hill”), Old English holm (“rising land, island”). More at holm.

cog

a hill of corn or potatoes

(US) A single cluster or group of plants growing close together, and having the earth heaped up about them.


costa

third-person singular present indicative


costa

From Old Galician-Portuguese costa, from Latin costa, from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.


costa

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


costa

From Latin costa (“side, rib”), in later and Medieval Latin coming to mean “edge” or “coast”. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.


costa

vivir a costa de

a toda costa


bahía

→ Cebuano: bahiya

Borrowed from French baie, from Late Latin baia, perhaps of Iberian origin.


mar

From Middle English merren, from Old English mierran (“to mar, disturb, confuse; scatter, squander, waste; upset, hinder, obstruct; err”), from Proto-Germanic *marzijaną (“to disturb, hinder”), from Proto-Indo-European *mers- (“to annoy, disturb, neglect, forget, ignore”). Cognate with Scots mer, mar (“to obstruct, impede, spoil, ruin”), Dutch marren (“to push along, delay, hinder”), dialectal German merren (“to entangle”), Icelandic merja (“to bruise, crush”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (marzjan, “to annoy, bother, disturb, offend”), Lithuanian miršti (“to forget, lose, become oblivious, die”), Armenian մոռանալ (moṙanal, “to forget, fail”), Sanskrit mṛṣ (“forget, neglect”).

cog

For concealing deep mars, some manufacturers offer putty sticks in colors that match their panels.

1980, Robert M. Jones, editor, Walls and Ceilings, Time-Life Books, page 68


mar

Inherited from Old Catalan mar, from Latin mare (“sea”), from Proto-Italic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.


mar

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mar, from Latin mare. Compare Portuguese mar.

inh+

(figuratively) sea; vast number or quantity


mar

Apocopic form of mare (“sea”) (used in poetry and in names of some seas)


mar

Kabuverdianu: mar, már

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mar (“sea”), from Latin mare (“sea”), from Proto-Italic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri. Compare Galician mar.


mar

Eye dialect spelling of mal, representing Caipira Portuguese.


mar

mar m or f same meaning (canonical)
mares (plural)

→ Aymara: lamara

→ Classical Nahuatl: láma̱r

→ Papiamentu: lama, laman

Inherited from Latin mare (“sea”), from Proto-Italic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

En la mar hay una torre
En la torre una ventana
En la ventana hay una hija

2008, Cécile Corbel (lyrics and music), “En la mar [In the Middle of the Sea]”, in Songbook vol. 2 (CD), performed by Cécile Corbel, Brittany: Keltia Musique

In the middle of the sea there's a tower
In the tower there's a window
At the window there's a maiden
Who loves the sailors.


fen

From Middle English fen, fenne, from Old English fenn (“fen; marsh; mud; dirt”), Proto-West Germanic *fani, from Proto-Germanic *fanją, from Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”).
See also West Frisian fean, Dutch veen, German Fenn, Norwegian fen; also Middle Irish en (“water”), enach (“swamp”), Old Prussian pannean (“peat-bog”), Sanskrit पङ्क (paṅka, “marsh, mud, mire, slough”).

cog

Milton! thou shouldst be living at this hour:
England hath need of thee: she is a fen
Of stagnant waters […]

1807, William Wordsworth, "England, 1802," collected in Poems (1807)

In dark fens of the Dismal Swamp / The hunted Negro lay; …

1842, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Slave in the Dismal Swamp, from Poems on Slavery

As the sob of the breeze/Sweeps over the trees/And the mists lie low on the fen...

1887, “When the Night Wind Howls”, W. S. Gilbert (lyrics), Arthur Sullivan (music)

He was freezing to death in the flat mud of the Suffolk fens, too proud to go home without a catch.

A type of wetland fed by ground water and runoff, containing peat below the waterline, characteristically alkaline.


fen

fennes (plural)
fen (accusative nominative singular)
fennes (accusative nominative plural)
fennes (genitive singular)
fenne (genitive plural)
fennes (genitive plural)
fenne (dative singular)
fennen (dative plural)

English: fen

Scots: fen

Yola: ven

From Old English fenn; from Proto-West Germanic *fani, from Proto-Germanic *fanją. The "dung" sense is influenced by Old French fien.


harbor

en-noun

harbor (countable and uncountable, plural harbors)

→ Cebuano: harbor

→ Marshallese: aba

→ Welsh: harbwr

From Middle English herberwe, herber, from Old English herebeorg (“shelter, lodgings, quarters”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army shelter, refuge”), from *harjaz (“army”) + *bergō (“protection”), equivalent to Old English here (“army, host”) + beorg (“defense, protection, refuge”). Doublet of harbinger. See also here, harry, borrow and bury.

inh

The neighborhood is a well-known harbor for petty thieves.


golf

Inherited from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin colfus, colphus, culfus, alteration of colpus, from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos).


golf

golf (nominative singular)
golfy (nominative plural)
golfu (genitive singular)
golfů (genitive plural)
golfu (dative singular)
golfům (dative plural)
golf (accusative singular)
golfy (accusative plural)
golfe (singular vocative)
golfy (plural vocative)
golfu (locative singular)
golfech (locative plural)
golfem (instrumental singular)
golfy (instrumental plural)


golf

nl-noun

golf f (plural golven, diminutive golfje n)

golven (plural)
golfje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch gelve, from Proto-Germanic *gelbaną,
Influenced by Late Latin colfus, from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos).


golf

first-person singular present indicative


golf

head

golf m (definite singular golfen, uncountable)

golf (a game played with a golf club and golf ball)


golf

golf (nominative singular)
golfy (nominative plural)
golfa (genitive singular)
golfów (genitive plural)
golfowi (dative singular)
golfom (dative plural)
golfa (accusative singular)
golfy (accusative plural)
golfem (instrumental singular)
golfami (instrumental plural)
golfie (locative singular)
golfach (locative plural)
golfie (singular vocative)
golfy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Volkswagen Golf, a genericized trademark.


golf

golfuri (plural)
golf (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un golf (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
golful (accusative definite nominative singular)
golfuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște golfuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
golfurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
golf (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui golf (dative genitive indefinite singular)
golfului (dative definite genitive singular)
golfuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor golfuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
golfurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
golfule (singular vocative)
golfurilor (plural vocative)


golf

golf (indefinite nominative singular)
golfen (definite nominative singular)
golfer (indefinite nominative plural)
golferna (definite nominative plural)
golfs (genitive indefinite singular)
golfens (definite genitive singular)
golfers (genitive indefinite plural)
golfernas (definite genitive plural)
golf (indefinite nominative uncountable)
golfen (definite nominative uncountable)
golfs (genitive indefinite uncountable)
golfens (definite genitive uncountable)

Mexikanska golfen


corrie

From Highland Scottish Gaelic, perhaps from Celtic cor ("a corner").

Fleet foot on the correi, / Sage counsel in cumber, Red hand in the foray, / How sound is thy slumber!

1810, The Lady of the Lake, Walter Scott, 3.XVI

(Scotland) A bowl-shaped geographical feature formed by glaciation.


coulee

From French coulée (“flow”), from couler (“to flow”).


cave

From Middle English cave, borrowed from Old French cave, from Latin cava (“cavity”), from cavus (“hollow”). Cognate with Tocharian B kor (“throat”), Albanian cup (“odd, uneven”), Ancient Greek κύαρ (kúar, “eye of needle, earhole”), Old Armenian սոր (sor, “hole”), Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “empty, barren, zero”). Displaced native Old English sċræf. More at cavum, cavus and cage.

cog

Once a code cave is created, you can execute it using either thread injection or thread hijacking. […] Additionally, you'd need to make sure that the cave properly cleans the stack.

2016, Nick Cano, Game Hacking: Developing Autonomous Bots for Online Games


cave

English: cave

Scots: cave

Borrowed from Old French cave, from Latin cava.


bandar

id-noun

bandar (plural bandar-bandar, first-person possessive bandarku, second-person possessive bandarmu, third-person possessive bandarnya)

bandar-bandar (plural)
bandarku (first-person possessive)
bandarmu (possessive second-person)
bandarnya (possessive third-person)

Semantic loan from Javanese ꦧꦤ꧀ꦢꦂ (bandar).

sl

croupier, banker: the person who collects bets and pays out winnings at a gambling table.


bandar

ms-noun

bandar (Jawi spelling باندر, plural bandar-bandar, informal 1st possessive bandarku, 2nd possessive bandarmu, 3rd possessive bandarnya)

باندر (Jawi)
bandar-bandar (plural)
bandarku (first-person informal possessive)
bandarmu (possessive second-person)
bandarnya (possessive third-person)

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

Indonesian: bandar

desctree

→ Javanese: ꦧꦤ꧀ꦢꦂ (bandar)
→ Indonesian: bandar (semantic loan)

From Persian بندر (bandar, “port, harbour”).


çay

az-noun

çay (definite accusative çayı, plural çaylar)

çayı (accusative definite)
çaylar (plural)
çay (nominative singular)
çaylar (nominative plural)
çayı (accusative definite singular)
çayları (accusative definite plural)
çaya (dative singular)
çaylara (dative plural)
çayda (locative singular)
çaylarda (locative plural)
çaydan (ablative singular)
çaylardan (ablative plural)
çayın (definite genitive singular)
çayların (definite genitive plural)
çayım (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
çaylarım (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
çayın (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
çayların (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
çayı (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
çayları (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
çayımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
çaylarımız (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
çayınız (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
çaylarınız (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
çayı (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çayları (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çayları (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
çayımı (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
çaylarımı (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
çayını (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
çaylarını (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
çayını (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
çaylarını (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
çayımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
çaylarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
çayınızı (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
çaylarınızı (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
çayını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarını (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarını (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
çayıma (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
çaylarıma (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
çayına (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
çaylarına (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
çayına (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
çaylarına (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
çayımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
çaylarımıza (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
çayınıza (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
çaylarınıza (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
çayına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarına (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarına (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
çayımda (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
çaylarımda (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
çayında (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
çaylarında (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
çayında (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
çaylarında (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
çayımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
çaylarımızda (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
çayınızda (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
çaylarınızda (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
çayında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarında (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarında (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
çayımdan (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
çaylarımdan (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
çayından (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
çaylarından (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
çayından (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
çaylarından (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
çayımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
çaylarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
çayınızdan (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
çaylarınızdan (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
çayından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarından (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarından (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
çayımın (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
çaylarımın (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
çayının (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
çaylarının (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
çayının (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
çaylarının (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
çayımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
çaylarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
çayınızın (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
çaylarınızın (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
çayının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarının (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
çaylarının (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

çay üzərindən körpü

çayı/çaydan keçmək

Çay düzənlikdən axır və dənizə tökülür.

The river flows through the plain and into the sea.


çay

çayı (accusative definite)
çaylar (plural)

From Ottoman Turkish چای (çay), from Persian چای (čây), from Sinitic 茶 (chá).

tea (the drink made by infusing these dried leaves or buds in hot water)


Saale

de-proper noun

die Saale f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Saale)

die Saale (canonical feminine)
der Saale (definite genitive)

From a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *sélos (“salt marsh”).


عين

ar-noun

عَيْن • (ʕayn) f (plural عَيْنَات (ʕaynāt))

عَيْن (canonical)
ʕayn (romanization)
عَيْنَات (plural)
عَيْن (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَيْن (definite informal singular triptote)
عَيْن (construct informal singular triptote)
عَيْنٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَيْنُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
عَيْنُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
عَيْنًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَيْنَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
عَيْنَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
عَيْنٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَيْنِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
عَيْنِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
عَيْنَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَيْنَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
عَيْنَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
عَيْنَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَيْنَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
عَيْنَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
عَيْنَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَيْنَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
عَيْنَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
عَيْنَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَيْنَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
عَيْنَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
عَيْنَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْعَيْنَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
عَيْنَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
عَيْنَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْعَيْنَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عَيْنَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عَيْنَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعَيْنَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
عَيْنَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
عَيْنَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعَيْنَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
عَيْنَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

→ Azerbaijani: eyn

→ Classical Persian: عَیْن (ayn)

Iranian Persian: عِیْن (eyn)

Tajik: айн (ayn)

→ Uzbek: ayn

Morphologically from the root ع ي ن (ʕ-y-n).

Name of the eighteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet (ع (ʕ)), representing the sound /ʕ/


part

partok (plural)
part (nominative singular)
partok (nominative plural)
partot (accusative singular)
partokat (accusative plural)
partnak (dative singular)
partoknak (dative plural)
parttal (instrumental singular)
partokkal (instrumental plural)
partért (causal-final singular)
partokért (causal-final plural)
parttá (singular translative)
partokká (plural translative)
partig (singular terminative)
partokig (plural terminative)
partként (essive-formal singular)
partokként (essive-formal plural)
partban (inessive singular)
partokban (inessive plural)
parton (singular superessive)
partokon (plural superessive)
partnál (adessive singular)
partoknál (adessive plural)
partba (illative singular)
partokba (illative plural)
partra (singular sublative)
partokra (plural sublative)
parthoz (allative singular)
partokhoz (allative plural)
partból (elative singular)
partokból (elative plural)
partról (delative singular)
partokról (delative plural)
parttól (ablative singular)
partoktól (ablative plural)
parté (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
partoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
partéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
partokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
partom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
partjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
partod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
partjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
partja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
partjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
partunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
partjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
partotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
partjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
partjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
partjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Italian, from Latin portus. Compare Italian porto (“port, harbour”).


jar

jar (nominative singular)
jary (nominative plural)
jaru (genitive singular)
jarów (genitive plural)
jarowi (dative singular)
jarom (dative plural)
jar (accusative singular)
jary (accusative plural)
jarem (instrumental singular)
jarami (instrumental plural)
jarze (locative singular)
jarach (locative plural)
jarze (singular vocative)
jary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian яр (jar), from a Turkic language.


col

→ Hausa: kwal

Inherited from Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of cou.

(geography) col (dip on a mountain ridge)


Black Sea

Calque of Ottoman Turkish قره دكز (Kara Deñiz, “Black Sea”) (modern Turkish Karadeniz) (from kara (“black, dark; north”) + deniz (“sea”)). Compare Russian Чёрное море (Čórnoje more). The Turkish word is derived from the languages of the Near East, which is ultimately from an Old Iranian name: the primary Ancient Greek name Πόντος Ἄξεινος (Póntos Áxeinos) (first attested in 462 BC) is a rendering of Old Iranian *axšaina- (“dark-colored”). The naming is according to the system in which color names indicated the cardinal points (black [or dark] for north, red for south, white for west, and green or light blue for east); compare Red Sea. It is supposedly named as such by the Achaemenids; see Iranica for details.

calque

An inland sea bound by Southeastern Europe in the west, Eastern Europe in the north and northeast, and Turkey in the south.

Амшын Еиқәа

an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Asia Minor

Sortehavet

definite form. The indefinite form is not used.


समुद्र

hi-noun

समुद्र • (samudra) m (Urdu spelling سمدر)

samudra (romanization)
سمدر (Urdu)
समुद्र (direct singular)
समुद्र (direct plural)
समुद्र (oblique singular)
समुद्रों (oblique plural)
समुद्र (singular vocative)
समुद्रो (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra). Doublet of समंदर (samandar).


समुद्र

samudra (romanization)
समुद्र
समुद्रे
समुद्रं
समुद्रा
समुद्रां-
समुद्राला
समुद्रांना
समुद्राने (ergative)
समुद्रानं (ergative)
समुद्रांनी (ergative)
समुद्राशी (instrumental)
समुद्रांशी (instrumental)
Locative Note: -त  is a postposition.
समुद्राचा
समुद्राचे
समुद्राची
समुद्राच्या
समुद्राचं
समुद्रांचा
समुद्रांचे
समुद्रांची
समुद्रांच्या
समुद्रांचं
समुद्रांच्या

mr-decl-noun

neut cons-stem

mr-decl-noun/link

समुद्रांच्या

समुद्रांच्या

Borrowed from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra).


समुद्र

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra).


समुद्र

samudrá (romanization)
समुद्रः (nominative singular)
समुद्रौ (dual nominative)
समुद्रा1 (dual nominative)
समुद्राः (nominative plural)
समुद्रासः1 (nominative plural)
समुद्र (singular vocative)
समुद्रौ (dual vocative)
समुद्रा1 (dual vocative)
समुद्राः (plural vocative)
समुद्रासः1 (plural vocative)
समुद्रम् (accusative singular)
समुद्रौ (accusative dual)
समुद्रा1 (accusative dual)
समुद्रान् (accusative plural)
समुद्रेण (instrumental singular)
समुद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
समुद्रैः (instrumental plural)
समुद्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
समुद्राय (dative singular)
समुद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
समुद्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
समुद्रात् (ablative singular)
समुद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
समुद्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
समुद्रस्य (genitive singular)
समुद्रयोः (dual genitive)
समुद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
समुद्रे (locative singular)
समुद्रयोः (dual locative)
समुद्रेषु (locative plural)
समुद्रम् (nominative singular)
समुद्रे (dual nominative)
समुद्राणि (nominative plural)
समुद्रा1 (nominative plural)
समुद्र (singular vocative)
समुद्रे (dual vocative)
समुद्राणि (plural vocative)
समुद्रा1 (plural vocative)
समुद्रम् (accusative singular)
समुद्रे (accusative dual)
समुद्राणि (accusative plural)
समुद्रा1 (accusative plural)
समुद्रेण (instrumental singular)
समुद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
समुद्रैः (instrumental plural)
समुद्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
समुद्राय (dative singular)
समुद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
समुद्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
समुद्रात् (ablative singular)
समुद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
समुद्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
समुद्रस्य (genitive singular)
समुद्रयोः (dual genitive)
समुद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
समुद्रे (locative singular)
समुद्रयोः (dual locative)
समुद्रेषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

desc

Sinhalese: මුහුද (muhuda), සමුද්ර (samudra, “maritime”)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: سَمُنڊُ (samunḍu)

Pali: samudda

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀤 (samudda)

From सम्- (sam-, “together”) + Proto-Indo-European *ud-ró-s (“water”); synchronically analyseable as सम्- (sam-, “together, wholly”) + उद्र (udra, “water”). Related to उदन् (udan) and उदक (udaka).

af

इन्द्रा॑सोमा॒वहि॑म॒पः प॑रि॒ष्ठां ह॒थो वृ॒त्रमनु॑ वां॒ द्यौर॑मन्यत।
प्रार्णां॑स्यैरयतं न॒दीना॒मा स॑मु॒द्राणि॑ पप्रथुः पु॒रूणि॑॥
índrāsomāváhimapáḥ pariṣṭhā́ṃ hathó vṛtrámánu vāṃ dyaúramanyata.
prā́rṇāṃsyairayataṃ nadī́nāmā́ samudrā́ṇi paprathuḥ purū́ṇi.

Indra and Soma, you slew Vṛtra; the obstructer of the water; for which the heaven venerates you both; you have urged on the waters of the rivers until they have replenished numerous oceans.

any large body of water, confluence of two rivers; especially the sea, ocean


strand

en-verb

strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

strands (present singular third-person)
stranding (participle present)
stranded (participle past)
stranded (past)

* From Middle English strand, strond, from Old English strand (“strand, sea-shore, shore”), from Proto-West Germanic *strand, from Proto-Germanic *strandō (“edge, rim, shore”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)trAnt- (“strand, border, field”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“to broaden, spread out”). Cognate with West Frisian strân, Dutch strand, German Strand, Danish strand, Swedish strand, Norwegian Bokmål strand, Icelandic strönd.
* (street): Perhaps from the similarity of shape.

der

Jones pops up; that's going to strand a pair.

(transitive, baseball) To cause the third out of an inning to be made, leaving a runner on base.


strand

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


strand

strandok (plural)
strand (nominative singular)
strandok (nominative plural)
strandot (accusative singular)
strandokat (accusative plural)
strandnak (dative singular)
strandoknak (dative plural)
stranddal (instrumental singular)
strandokkal (instrumental plural)
strandért (causal-final singular)
strandokért (causal-final plural)
stranddá (singular translative)
strandokká (plural translative)
strandig (singular terminative)
strandokig (plural terminative)
strandként (essive-formal singular)
strandokként (essive-formal plural)
strandban (inessive singular)
strandokban (inessive plural)
strandon (singular superessive)
strandokon (plural superessive)
strandnál (adessive singular)
strandoknál (adessive plural)
strandba (illative singular)
strandokba (illative plural)
strandra (singular sublative)
strandokra (plural sublative)
strandhoz (allative singular)
strandokhoz (allative plural)
strandból (elative singular)
strandokból (elative plural)
strandról (delative singular)
strandokról (delative plural)
strandtól (ablative singular)
strandoktól (ablative plural)
strandé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
strandoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
strandéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
strandokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
strandom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
strandjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
strandod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
strandjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
strandja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
strandjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
strandunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
strandjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
strandotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
strandjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
strandjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
strandjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

beach (a sandy shore of a body of water used for summertime leisure, swimming, suntanning)


strand

stranda (definite singular)
strender (indefinite plural)
strendene (definite plural)
strand (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
stranda (accusative definite nominative singular)
strender (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
strendene (accusative definite nominative plural)
strand (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
strandi (accusative definite nominative singular)
strender (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
strenderna (accusative definite nominative plural)
strandenne (dative definite singular)
strandom (dative definite plural)
strondom (dative definite plural)

strand

¹Plural with tonem 1, stemming from older one-syllable forms.

nn-decl-blank-full

strand

From Old Norse strǫnd. Akin to English strand.


strand

strand (indefinite nominative singular)
stranden (definite nominative singular)
stränder (indefinite nominative plural)
stränderna (definite nominative plural)
strands (genitive indefinite singular)
strandens (definite genitive singular)
stränders (genitive indefinite plural)
strändernas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish strand, from Old Norse strǫnd, from Proto-Germanic *strandō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)trAnt-.

ligga och sola på stranden


ä

ovd-decl-blank-full

ä

ä (indefinite nominative singular)
enę (definite nominative singular)
äer (indefinite nominative plural)
äär (definite nominative plural)
ä (accusative indefinite singular)
enę (accusative definite singular)
äer (accusative indefinite plural)
äär (accusative definite plural)
ä (dative indefinite singular)
e'n (dative definite singular)
äum (dative indefinite plural)
äum (dative definite plural)
äume (dative definite plural)


tributary

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-tributary.wav

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English tributarie (“paying tribute”), from Latin tribūtārius, from tribūtum (“tribute”).

inh

(hydrology) A natural water stream that flows into a larger river or other body of water.


harbour

In West Wales it has never been possible until recently to exploit the magnificent natural harbour of Milford Haven, for there was no industrial hinterland.

1961 August, “New traffic flows in South Wales”, in Trains Illustrated, page 492

(British spelling) Standard spelling of harbor.


harbour

en-verb

harbour (third-person singular simple present harbours, present participle harbouring, simple past and past participle harboured)

harbours (present singular third-person)
harbouring (participle present)
harboured (participle past)
harboured (past)

The docks, which once harboured tall ships, now harbour only petty thieves.

Nor let your gentle Breast harbor one Thought Of Outrage from the Kin.

If Moldova harboured even the slightest hopes of pulling off a comeback that would have bordered on miraculous given their lack of quality, they were snuffed out 13 minutes before the break

2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport


bay

From Middle English baye, baie, from Old English beġ (“berry”), as in beġbēam (“berry-tree”), conflated with Old French baie, from Latin bāca (“berry”).

(US, dialect) A tract covered with bay trees.


bay

From French baie, from Late Latin baia, probably ultimately from Iberian or Basque badia. Displaced native Old English byht.

(geography) A body of water (especially the sea) more-or-less three-quarters surrounded by land.


bay

From Middle English, from Old French baee, beee, from the verb beer (“gape open”), from Early Medieval Latin batāre. Compare Modern French baie. More at bevel, badinage.

There is a short bay at the west end of each platform, but neither is used for passenger trains.

1946 May and June, G. A. Sekon, “L.B.S.C.R. West Coast Section—3”, in Railway Magazine, page 149


तीर

tīr (romanization)
تیر (Urdu)
तीर (direct singular)
तीर (oblique singular)
तीर (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr).

bor+

Tir (fourth solar month of the Persian calendar)


तीर

ne-noun

तीर • (tīra)

tīra (romanization)
तीर [t̪ir] (nominative singular)
तीरहरू [t̪irɦʌɾu] (nominative plural)
तीरलाई [t̪irläi] (accusative singular)
तीरहरूलाई [t̪irɦʌɾuläi] (accusative plural)
instrumental (accusative)
ergative (accusative)
तीरले [t̪irle] (singular)
तीरहरूले [t̪irɦʌɾule] (plural)
तीरलाई [t̪irläi] (dative singular)
तीरहरूलाई [t̪irɦʌɾuläi] (dative plural)
तीरबाट [t̪irbäʈʌ] (ablative singular)
तीरहरूबाट [t̪irɦʌɾubäʈʌ] (ablative plural)
तीरको [t̪irko] (genitive singular)
तीरहरूको [t̪irɦʌɾuko] (genitive plural)
तीरमा [t̪irmä] (locative singular)
तीरहरूमा [t̪irɦʌɾumä] (locative plural)

ref

“तीर”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018


तीर

tīra (romanization)
तीरम् (nominative singular)
तीरे (dual nominative)
तीराणि (nominative plural)
तीरा1 (nominative plural)
तीर (singular vocative)
तीरे (dual vocative)
तीराणि (plural vocative)
तीरा1 (plural vocative)
तीरम् (accusative singular)
तीरे (accusative dual)
तीराणि (accusative plural)
तीरा1 (accusative plural)
तीरेण (instrumental singular)
तीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तीरैः (instrumental plural)
तीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तीराय (dative singular)
तीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
तीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
तीरात् (ablative singular)
तीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तीरस्य (genitive singular)
तीरयोः (dual genitive)
तीराणाम् (genitive plural)
तीरे (locative singular)
तीरयोः (dual locative)
तीरेषु (locative plural)

Rajasthani: तीर (tīr)

Bengali: তীর (tir)

Telugu: తీరము (tīramu) / తీరం (tīraṁ)

Mayrhofer takes the word as a lengthened grade derivative of the root तॄ (tṝ, “to pass”).
An older theory by Ferdinand Kittel considers the word as "purely Dravidian"; compare Malayalam തീരം (tīraṁ). Kittel was not a linguist, and the Malayalam word has the shape of a Sanskritic borrowing, which, when coupled with Mayrhofer's Indo-European derivation, makes the theory unconvincing.


만

the hanja entry at 灣 for Sino-Korean compounds of 만


만

그런 식으로 놀려 댔으니 화를 낼 만도 하지.

Since you have made fun of [him] like that, it is only natural that [he] gets angry.

Geureon sig-euro nollyeo daess-euni hwa-reul nael man-do haji.

(after ㄹ (-l, irrealis adnominal suffix)) indicates that an action is expected, reasonable, or justified

맛은 절대 없었는데 그래도 먹을 만은 했다.

It wasn't delicious by any means, but it was nonetheless edible.

Mas-eun jeoldae eopseon-neunde geuraedo meogeul man-eun haetda.

(after ㄹ (-l, irrealis adnominal suffix)) indicates that an action is possible or accepted


만

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

More information(MC reading: 晚 (MC mjonX))(MC reading: 滿 (MC manX))(MC reading: 慢 (MC maenH))(MC reading: 漫 (MC manH))(MC reading: 曼 (MC man|mjonH))(MC reading: 蔓 (MC man|mjonH))(MC reading: 鏋 (MC manX))(MC reading: 卍)(MC reading: 娩 (MC mjonX|mjenX|mjunH|mjonH|phjonH))(MC reading: 巒 (MC lwan))(MC reading: 彎 (MC 'waen))(MC reading: 挽 (MC mjonX))(MC reading: 瞞 (MC man))(MC reading: 輓 (MC mjonX|mjonH))(MC reading: 饅 (MC man))(MC reading: 鰻 (MC man|mjonH))(MC reading: 蠻 (MC maen))(MC reading: 墁 (MC man|manH))(MC reading: 嫚 (MC maenH))(MC reading: 幔 (MC manH))(MC reading: 縵 (MC manH|maenH))(MC reading: 謾 (MC man|maen|mjien|manH|maenH))(MC reading: 蹣 (MC ban|man))(MC reading: 鏝 (MC man|manH))(MC reading: 鬘 (MC maen))(MC reading: 万 (MC mjonH|mok))

More information
万: Alternative form of 萬


φαράγγι

head

φαράγγι • (farángi) n (plural φαράγγια)

el-noun

φαράγγι • (farángi) n (plural φαράγγια)

farángi (romanization)
φαράγγια (plural)
φαράγγι (nominative singular)
φαράγγια (nominative plural)
φαραγγιού (genitive singular)
φαραγγιών (genitive plural)
φαράγγι (accusative singular)
φαράγγια (accusative plural)
φαράγγι (singular vocative)
φαράγγια (plural vocative)

Φαράγγι της Σαμαριάς


峽谷

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ kɔk̚³²/

/kiap̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁵ kɔk̚³²/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ kɔk̚³²/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ kɔk̚³²/

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ kɔk̚³²/

/kiap̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁵ kɔk̚³²/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ kɔk̚³²/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ kɔk̚³²/


å

The twenty-ninth letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.


å

From Old Norse at (“by, to”), whence also at and ad.

Å løpe


å

From Old Norse ó, was used in the same sense.

Å, er det deg?

Å gud, for et dårlig vær det er.

Å, skitt, du har problemer!


å

åa (definite singular)
åen (definite singular)
åer (indefinite plural)
åene (definite plural)

From Old Norse á, related to Latin aqua (“water”).

Mange bekker små gjør en stor å

every little helps (literally: "Many small creeks make a big stream")

A small river; a creek; a big stream (used mostly in dialects, obsolete in writing)


å

(physics) symbol used to represent an angstrom unit


å

head

å (upper case Å, definite singular å-en, indefinite plural å-ar, definite plural å-ane)

Å (uppercase)
å-en (definite singular)
å-ar (indefinite plural)
å-ane (definite plural)

aa

Etymologies 2-6, obsolete typography (pre-1917)

The twenty-ninth letter of the Norwegian Nynorsk alphabet, written in the Latin script.


å

From Old Norse at (“by, to”), whence also at and åt.

Dei er vanskelege å sjå.


å

Named after Swedish physisist Anders Johan Ångström (1814–1874). An initialism of his name.


å

From two a’s written on top of each other; compare ä and ö.

The third to last letter of the Swedish alphabet, called å and written in the Latin script.


kloof

Borrowed from Dutch kloof (“ravine”) (South Africa). Doublet of clove.

Forming the south boundary of the valley is a range of disrupted bushy hills, with intervening deep and rugged kloofs and ravines, which constituted the retreat of Jan Pockbaas and his rebel banditti.

1901, William Thomas Black, The Fish River bush, South Africa, and its wild animals

The grass is rich and matted, you cannot see the soil. It holds the rain and the mist, and they seep into the ground, feeding the streams in every kloof.

1948, Alan Paton, chapter 1, in Cry, the Beloved Country, New York: Scribner, published 1987

Occasionally the narrow dirt road rose above the mist on the slopes of the high round hills, from where one looked down on the silver clouds in the valleys and kloofs below, a magical, incredible sight.

1978, André Brink, Rumours of Rain, Vintage, published 2000, page 172


kloof

From Dutch kloof, from Middle Dutch clove.


kloof

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

first-person singular present indicative


Mediterranean Sea

Calque of Late Latin Mare Mediterraneum.


garganta

q

French: Gargantua (a character from François Rabelais's 16th-century pentalogy The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel.)

English: gargantuan

French: gargantuesque

→ Haitian Creole: gagann

[ɡaɾˈɣ̞ãn̪.t̪a]

From a substrate language *gʷr̥h₃gn̥t- (“throat”), cognate with Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck, throat”) and English craw (from Proto-Germanic *k(w)ragan(þ)-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow”). Alternatively, onomatopoeic. Compare English gargle.


bayou

a stagnant body of water left behind by the meandering of the Mississippi River in Louisiana or elsewhere; a bayou


bourn

Alternative form of bourne (“small stream or brook”)


bourn

Alternative form of bourne (“destination; limit”)


arroyo

A dry creek or streambed, a gulch which temporarily or seasonally fills and flows (after sufficient rain).


marsh

From Middle English merssh, from Old English mersċ, merisċ, from Proto-West Germanic *marisk, derived from *mari, equivalent to mere (“sea, body of water”) + -ish. Doublet of marish and morass. Cognate with West Frisian mersk, Dutch meers (“grassland, meadow”) and Dutch moeras, German Marsch. More at mere.

live in the marsh

An area of low, wet land, often with tall grass.


beck

From Middle English bek, bekk, becc, from Old English bæc, bec, bæċe, beċe (“beck, brook”), from Proto-Germanic *bakiz (“stream”).
Cognate with Old Norse bekkr (“a stream or brook”), Low German bek, beck, German Bach, Dutch beek, Swedish bäck, Doublet of batch. More at beach.

Beck water cold and clear, will never clean your wound

1976, Archie Fisher (lyrics and music), “The Witch Of The West-Mer-Lands”, in The Man With A Rhyme, Sharon, CT: Folk Legacy Records

(Norfolk, Northern England) A stream or small river.


beck

From Middle English bekken, a shortened form of Middle English bekenen, from Old English bēcnan, bēacnian (“to signify; beckon”), from Proto-West Germanic *baukn, from Proto-Germanic *baukną (“beacon”). More at beacon.

A significant nod, or motion of the head or hand, especially as a call or command.


beck

en-verb

beck (third-person singular simple present becks, present participle becking, simple past and past participle becked)

becks (present singular third-person)
becking (participle present)
becked (participle past)
becked (past)

I'll buy so many acres of old Scotland and call them by the Lockerby's name; and I'll have nobles and great men come bowing and becking to David Lockerby as they do to Alexander Gordon.

1896, Amelia Edith Huddleston Barr, Winter Evening Tales

The becking waiter, that with wreathed smiles, wont to spread for Samuel and Bozzy their "supper of the gods," has long since pocketed his last sixpence; and vanished, sixpence and all, like a ghost at cock-crowing.

1881, Various, The Best of the World's Classics, Vol. V (of X) - Great Britain and Ireland III

(archaic) To nod or motion with the head.


glen

From Middle English glen, borrowed from Irish gleann and Scottish Gaelic gleann, Old and Middle Irish glend, glenn (“mountain valley”), from Proto-Celtic *glendos (“valley”), hypothetically from Proto-Indo-European *glend- (“shore”) but the word may have been borrowed from a non-Indo-European substrate language. Compare Manx glion, Welsh glyn. Doublet of glyn.

A secluded and narrow valley, especially one with a river running through it; a depression between hills; a dale.


gorge

From Middle English gorge (“esophagus, gullet; throat; bird's crop; food in a hawk's crop; food or drink that has been eaten”), a borrowing from Old French gorge (“throat”) (modern French gorge (“throat; breast”)), from Vulgar Latin *gorga, *gurga, from Latin gurges (“eddy, whirlpool; gulf; sea”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to devour, swallow; to eat”). The English word is cognate with Galician gorxa (“throat”), Italian gorga, gorgia (“gorge, ravine; (obsolete) throat”), Occitan gorga, gorja, Portuguese gorja (“gullet, throat; gorge”), Spanish gorja (“gullet, throat; gorge”). Doublet of gour.

cog

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-gorge.wav

It is moreover certain that for eight or nine months of the year, the great rivers rush from their gorges into the mountains as torrents of clear water, or only, in the hot months, discoloured by fine glacial mud; […]

1873 February, H[enry] B[enedict] Medlicott, “Sketch of the Geology of the North-west Provinces”, in Records of the Geological Survey of India, volume VI, part 1, Calcutta: Printed for the Government of India; London: Trübner and Co., →OCLC, page 10

Our part of the veranda did not hang over the gorge, but edged the meadow where half a dozen large and sleek horses had stopped grazing to join us.

1956, Delano Ames, chapter 7, in Crime out of Mind, New York, N.Y.: I. Washburn, →OCLC, →OL

(geography) A deep, narrow passage with steep, rocky sides, particularly one with a stream running through it; a ravine.


capo

From Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput, from Proto-Italic *kaput, from Proto-Indo-European *káput. Doublet of chef.

(geography) cape (especially when capitalised/capitalized in placenames)


holm

From Middle English holm, holme, from Old English holm (“wave, ocean, water, sea, islet”) and Old Norse holmr, holmi (“islet”), both from the Proto-Germanic *hulmaz (“rising ground, hill, island”), from Proto-Indo-European root *kelH- (“to rise, be elevated, be prominent; hill”). Cognate with Old Saxon holm, Middle Low German holm, German Holm, Middle Dutch holm, Danish holm, Swedish holme, Norwegian Bokmål holme, Icelandic hólmur.

der

An island in a lake, river or estuary; an eyot.

(dialect, chiefly West Yorkshire(?), Scotland, Orkney) Any small island, but especially one near a larger island or the mainland, sometimes with holly bushes; an islet. Often the word is used in Norse-influenced place-names.

Rich flat land near a river, prone to being completely flooded; a river-meadow; bottomland.


holm

From Middle English holm, holme, alteration of Middle English holin (“holly”). Doublet of hollin and holly.

A common evergreen oak of Europe, Quercus ilex; the holm oak.


holm

head

holm c (singular definite holmen, plural indefinite holme)

holmen (definite singular)
holme (indefinite plural)
holm (indefinite nominative singular)
holmen (definite nominative singular)
holme (indefinite nominative plural)
holmene (definite nominative plural)
holms (genitive indefinite singular)
holmens (definite genitive singular)
holmes (genitive indefinite plural)
holmenes (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse holmr, from Proto-Germanic *hulmaz.


holm

nl-noun

holm m (plural holmen, diminutive holmpje n)

holmen (plural)
holmpje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch holm, from Old Dutch holm, from Frankish and Proto-West Germanic *holm (“island”), from Proto-Germanic *hulmaz (“small island, hill, mound”), from Pre-Germanic *kl̥Hmos, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“hill”).


holm

họ̄lm (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
hólm (nominative singular)
hólma (dual nominative)
hólmi (nominative plural)
hólma (genitive singular)
hólmov (dual genitive)
hólmov (genitive plural)
hólmu (dative singular)
hólmoma (dative dual)
hólmom (dative plural)
hólm (accusative singular)
hólma (accusative dual)
hólme (accusative plural)
hólmu (locative singular)
hólmih (dual locative)
hólmih (locative plural)
hólmom (instrumental singular)
hólmoma (dual instrumental)
hólmi (instrumental plural)


holm

holm (indefinite nominative singular)
holmen (definite nominative singular)
holmar (indefinite nominative plural)
holmarna (definite nominative plural)
holms (genitive indefinite singular)
holmens (definite genitive singular)
holmars (genitive indefinite plural)
holmarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Proto-Germanic *hulmaz (see holme). Cognate with Old Norse holmr, Icelandic hólmur, Old Church Slavonic хлъмъ (xlŭmŭ).

islet (especially nearby river or mainland)


cove

From Middle English cove, from Old English cofa (“chamber; den”), from Proto-West Germanic *kobō, from Proto-Germanic *kubô. Cognate with German Koben, Swedish kova. This word has probably survived as long as it has due to its coincidental phonetic resemblance to the unrelated word English cave. Also unrelated to Spanish cueva, which itself is a cognate of cave.

There are several excellent snorkelling spots in the shallow coves around Chimei, and one-day tours (NT$1100 to NT$1300, including transport and food) can be arranged beforehand by your hotel or home-stay.

2014, Robert Kelly, Chung Wah Chow, “Taiwan's Islands”, in Taiwan, 9th edition, Lonely Planet, →OCLC, page 307, column 2

A small coastal inlet, especially one having high cliffs protecting vessels from prevailing winds.


clot

Uncertain, perhaps Indo-European but from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia.

dip (a lower section of a road or geological feature)


fjord

→ Japanese: フィヨルド (fiyorudo)

Unadapted borrowing from Norwegian fjord, from Old Norse fjǫrðr, from Proto-Germanic *ferþu, *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), from *per- (“to carry forth”) + *-tus (suffix forming action nouns from verb roots). Doublet of firth, ford, and port.

ubor

About 20 English miles beyond this river, which is the largest in Norway, the road crosses the fjord which forms the boundary of the two kingdoms [Norway and Sweden]; and whose waters but too often in former days were dyed with the life-blood of many a bold mountaineer who crossed the "border stream" never to return.

1839, T. D. W[hatley], “Section II. Norway.”, in A Hand-book for Travellers in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Russia, being a Guide to the Principal Routes in Those Countries, […], London: John Murray, […]; Leipzig: Black and Armstrong, →OCLC, page 73

At last one gave a deep groan, and another declared that the spirits of the fiord were against them, and there was no doubt that their boat was now lying twenty fathoms deep, at the bottom of the creek; drawn down by the strong hand of an angry water-spirit. [...] Another said he would not go till he had looked abroad over the fiord, for some chance of seeing the boat.

1841, Harriet Martineau, “The Water Sprites’ Doings.”, in Feats on the Fiord. A Tale (The Playfellow; a Series of Tales to be Published Quarterly; 3), London: Charles Knight & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 123–124

Like most of the larger inlets, and some of the inland lakes, the Sogne fjord is much deeper than the sea beyond, the depth in places being upwards of 4,000 feet, [...] Before the "glacial epoch," thousands of streams commenced the work of erosion and produced valleys and gorges. During the glacial epoch these channels were enlarged, and lake basins were hollowed out. The descending glaciers ground out fjords to their full length when the glacial epoch was at its height, but as it declined they ground out the inner parts to a still greater depth, producing the present character of the marine fjords, and giving rise to lake hollows in other places.

1894 August, Spitzbergen and Norway in August 1894: Itinerary of the Pleasure Cruise of the “S.S. Lusitania.” From 1st August to 2nd September (33 Days), London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Limited […], →OCLC, page 46

Disenchantment Bay, as the Yakutat Bay inlet is called north of Point Latouche, is bordered on the east by the steep hills of the peninsula and on the west by the main mountain front. Its coast is precipitous and through nearly its entire length it is a true mountain-walled fiord. The two mountain walls approach each other at Point Latouche almost at right angles, and Disenchantment Bay enters between them with a nearly north-south axis.

1909, Ralph S[tockman] Tarr, “General Physiography”, in The Yakutat Bay Region, Alaska (United States Geographical Survey, Department of the Interior, Professional Paper; 64), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, part I (Physiography and Glacial Geology), page 15

In the center of Mount Desert Island is deep Somes Sound, almost bisecting the island and forming the only natural fjord on the entire Atlantic Coast of North America.

1951, Richard A. Hebert, “Hancock County”, in Modern Maine: Its Historic Background, People and Resources, volume II, New York, N.Y.: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, part III (A County by County Descriptive Outline of City, Town and Country in Maine), page 281

The warm Alaska Current raises the water temperature off the coast of the monument to approximately 55°F. in the summer, while winter temperatures range from 37.5° to 40°F. Temperatures in individual fjords vary due to tidewater glaciers and fresh water flowing into the fjords [...].

1973 December, “Description of the Environment”, in Proposed Harding Icefield–Kenai Fjords National Monument, Alaska: Draft Environmental Impact Statement DES 73-86, [Washington, D.C.: Alaska Planning Group, National Park Service, Department of the Interior], →OCLC, section II.A.1 (Physical Environment), page 51

Why should the flow of water within a fjord be of interest to the geologist? After all, fjordic geomorphology has changed little over the last few thousand years. One reason is that attention has recently focused on fjords as archives of Holocene climate change.

2010, M. E. Inall, P. A. Gillibrand, “The Physics of Mid-latitude Fjords: A Review”, in J. A. Howe, W. E. N. Austin, M. Forwick, M. Paetzel, editors, Fjord Systems and Archives (Geographical Society Special Publication; no. 344), London: The Geological Society, page 17

Fiords are glacially carved oceanic intrusions into land. They are often deep and narrow with a sill in the mouth. Waters from neighboring seas and locally supplied fresh water fill up the fiords, often leading to strong stratification. Fiords with tidewater glaciers also contain glacial ice. During transport into and stay in the fiord, mixing processes modify the properties of imported water masses.

2019, J. N. Moum, W. D. Smyth, “Upper Ocean Mixing”, in J. Kirk Cochran, Henry J. Bokuniewicz, Patricia L. Yager, editors, Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, volume I (Marine Biogeochemistry), London, San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, page 75

A long, narrow, deep inlet between cliffs.


fjord

fjord (nominative singular)
fjordy (nominative plural)
fjordu (genitive singular)
fjordů (genitive plural)
fjordu (dative singular)
fjordům (dative plural)
fjord (accusative singular)
fjordy (accusative plural)
fjorde (singular vocative)
fjordy (plural vocative)
fjordu (locative singular)
fjordech (locative plural)
fjordem (instrumental singular)
fjordy (instrumental plural)


fjord

head

fjord c (singular definite fjorden, plural indefinite fjorde)

fjorden (definite singular)
fjorde (indefinite plural)
fjord (indefinite nominative singular)
fjorden (definite nominative singular)
fjorde (indefinite nominative plural)
fjordene (definite nominative plural)
fjords (genitive indefinite singular)
fjordens (definite genitive singular)
fjordes (genitive indefinite plural)
fjordenes (definite genitive plural)

From Old Danish fiorth, from Old Norse fjǫrðr (“firth, fjord”), from Proto-Germanic *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”).


fjord

nl-noun

fjord f (plural fjorden, diminutive fjordje n)

fjorden (plural)
fjordje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowing from Norwegian fjord, from Old Norse fjǫrðr.


fjord

→ Romanian: fiord

→ Turkish: fiyort

→ Vietnamese: phi-oóc

Borrowed from Norwegian fjord, from Old Norse fjǫrðr. Doublet of port.


fjord

fjordok (plural)
fjord (nominative singular)
fjordok (nominative plural)
fjordot (accusative singular)
fjordokat (accusative plural)
fjordnak (dative singular)
fjordoknak (dative plural)
fjorddal (instrumental singular)
fjordokkal (instrumental plural)
fjordért (causal-final singular)
fjordokért (causal-final plural)
fjorddá (singular translative)
fjordokká (plural translative)
fjordig (singular terminative)
fjordokig (plural terminative)
fjordként (essive-formal singular)
fjordokként (essive-formal plural)
fjordban (inessive singular)
fjordokban (inessive plural)
fjordon (singular superessive)
fjordokon (plural superessive)
fjordnál (adessive singular)
fjordoknál (adessive plural)
fjordba (illative singular)
fjordokba (illative plural)
fjordra (singular sublative)
fjordokra (plural sublative)
fjordhoz (allative singular)
fjordokhoz (allative plural)
fjordból (elative singular)
fjordokból (elative plural)
fjordról (delative singular)
fjordokról (delative plural)
fjordtól (ablative singular)
fjordoktól (ablative plural)
fjordé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
fjordoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
fjordéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
fjordokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
fjordom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
fjordjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
fjordod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
fjordjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
fjordja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
fjordjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
fjordunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
fjordjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
fjordotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
fjordjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
fjordjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
fjordjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

fjord (a long, narrow, deep inlet between cliffs)


fjord

fjorden (definite singular)
fjorder (indefinite plural)
fjordene (definite plural)

→ Catalan: fiord

→ Dutch: fjord

desctree

→ English: fjord, fiord (now chiefly New Zealand)
→ Japanese: フィヨルド (fiyorudo)

→ French: fjord, fiord
→ Romanian: fiord
→ Turkish: fiyort
→ Vietnamese: phi-oóc

→ Georgian: ფიორდი (piordi)

→ German: Fjord
→ Estonian: fjord

→ Hungarian: fjord

→ Italian: fiordo

→ Polish: fiord

→ Portuguese: fiorde

→ Russian: фьорд (fʹord)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фјо̏рд

Latin script: fjȍrd

→ Slovak: fjord

→ Spanish: fiordo

From Old Norse fjǫrðr, from Proto-Germanic *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”).


fjord

fjorden (definite singular)
fjordar (indefinite plural)
fjordane (definite plural)

→ Catalan: fiord

→ Dutch: fjord

→ Georgian: ფიორდი (piordi)

→ German: Fjord
→ Estonian: fjord

→ Hungarian: fjord

→ Italian: fiordo

→ Polish: fiord

→ Portuguese: fiorde

→ Russian: фьорд (fʹord)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фјо̏рд

Latin script: fjȍrd

→ Slovak: fjord

→ Spanish: fiordo

From Old Norse fjǫrðr, from Proto-Germanic *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”). Akin to English firth.

a big long lake in Eastern Norway (e.g. Tyrifjorden, Tunhovdfjorden, Randsfjorden, Tisleifjorden)


fjord

fjȍrd (canonical masculine)
фјо̏рд (Cyrillic)
fjȍrd (nominative singular)
fjòrdovi (nominative plural)
fjorda (genitive singular)
fjòrdōvā (genitive plural)
fjordu (dative singular)
fjordovima (dative plural)
fjord (accusative singular)
fjordove (accusative plural)
fjorde (singular vocative)
fjordovi (plural vocative)
fjordu (locative singular)
fjordovima (locative plural)
fjordom (instrumental singular)
fjordovima (instrumental plural)

From Norwegian fjord, from Old Norse fjǫrðr.


fjord

sk-noun

fjord m inan (genitive singular fjordu, nominative plural fjordy, genitive plural fjordov, declension pattern of dub)

fjordu (genitive singular)
fjordy (nominative plural)
fjordov (genitive plural)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
fjord (nominative singular)
fjordy (nominative plural)
fjordu (genitive singular)
fjordov (genitive plural)
fjordu (dative singular)
fjordom (dative plural)
fjord (accusative singular)
fjordy (accusative plural)
fjorde (locative singular)
fjordoch (locative plural)
fjordom (instrumental singular)
fjordami (instrumental plural)


fjord

fjord (indefinite nominative singular)
fjorden (definite nominative singular)
fjordar (indefinite nominative plural)
fjordarna (definite nominative plural)
fjords (genitive indefinite singular)
fjordens (definite genitive singular)
fjordars (genitive indefinite plural)
fjordarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish fiordher, from Old Norse fjǫrðr, from Proto-Norse *ᚠᛖᚱᚦᚢᛉ (*ferþuʀ), from Proto-Germanic *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”). Doublet of fjärd.


puro

puro (nominative singular)
purot (nominative plural)
puro (accusative nominative singular)
purot (accusative nominative plural)
puron (accusative genitive singular)
purot (accusative genitive plural)
puron (genitive singular)
purojen (genitive plural)
puroa (partitive singular)
puroja (partitive plural)
purossa (inessive singular)
puroissa (inessive plural)
purosta (elative singular)
puroista (elative plural)
puroon (illative singular)
puroihin (illative plural)
purolla (adessive singular)
puroilla (adessive plural)
purolta (ablative singular)
puroilta (ablative plural)
purolle (allative singular)
puroille (allative plural)
purona (essive singular)
puroina (essive plural)
puroksi (singular translative)
puroiksi (plural translative)
purotta (abessive singular)
puroitta (abessive plural)
puroin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
puroni (nominative singular)
puroni (nominative plural)
puroni (accusative nominative singular)
puroni (accusative nominative plural)
puroni (accusative genitive singular)
puroni (accusative genitive plural)
puroni (genitive singular)
purojeni (genitive plural)
puroani (partitive singular)
purojani (partitive plural)
purossani (inessive singular)
puroissani (inessive plural)
purostani (elative singular)
puroistani (elative plural)
purooni (illative singular)
puroihini (illative plural)
purollani (adessive singular)
puroillani (adessive plural)
puroltani (ablative singular)
puroiltani (ablative plural)
purolleni (allative singular)
puroilleni (allative plural)
puronani (essive singular)
puroinani (essive plural)
purokseni (singular translative)
puroikseni (plural translative)
purottani (abessive singular)
puroittani (abessive plural)
puroineni (comitative plural)
purosi (nominative singular)
purosi (nominative plural)
purosi (accusative nominative singular)
purosi (accusative nominative plural)
purosi (accusative genitive singular)
purosi (accusative genitive plural)
purosi (genitive singular)
purojesi (genitive plural)
puroasi (partitive singular)
purojasi (partitive plural)
purossasi (inessive singular)
puroissasi (inessive plural)
purostasi (elative singular)
puroistasi (elative plural)
puroosi (illative singular)
puroihisi (illative plural)
purollasi (adessive singular)
puroillasi (adessive plural)
puroltasi (ablative singular)
puroiltasi (ablative plural)
purollesi (allative singular)
puroillesi (allative plural)
puronasi (essive singular)
puroinasi (essive plural)
puroksesi (singular translative)
puroiksesi (plural translative)
purottasi (abessive singular)
puroittasi (abessive plural)
puroinesi (comitative plural)
puromme (nominative singular)
puromme (nominative plural)
puromme (accusative nominative singular)
puromme (accusative nominative plural)
puromme (accusative genitive singular)
puromme (accusative genitive plural)
puromme (genitive singular)
purojemme (genitive plural)
puroamme (partitive singular)
purojamme (partitive plural)
purossamme (inessive singular)
puroissamme (inessive plural)
purostamme (elative singular)
puroistamme (elative plural)
puroomme (illative singular)
puroihimme (illative plural)
purollamme (adessive singular)
puroillamme (adessive plural)
puroltamme (ablative singular)
puroiltamme (ablative plural)
purollemme (allative singular)
puroillemme (allative plural)
puronamme (essive singular)
puroinamme (essive plural)
puroksemme (singular translative)
puroiksemme (plural translative)
purottamme (abessive singular)
puroittamme (abessive plural)
puroinemme (comitative plural)
puronne (nominative singular)
puronne (nominative plural)
puronne (accusative nominative singular)
puronne (accusative nominative plural)
puronne (accusative genitive singular)
puronne (accusative genitive plural)
puronne (genitive singular)
purojenne (genitive plural)
puroanne (partitive singular)
purojanne (partitive plural)
purossanne (inessive singular)
puroissanne (inessive plural)
purostanne (elative singular)
puroistanne (elative plural)
puroonne (illative singular)
puroihinne (illative plural)
purollanne (adessive singular)
puroillanne (adessive plural)
puroltanne (ablative singular)
puroiltanne (ablative plural)
purollenne (allative singular)
puroillenne (allative plural)
puronanne (essive singular)
puroinanne (essive plural)
puroksenne (singular translative)
puroiksenne (plural translative)
purottanne (abessive singular)
puroittanne (abessive plural)
puroinenne (comitative plural)
puronsa (nominative singular)
puronsa (nominative plural)
puronsa (accusative nominative singular)
puronsa (accusative nominative plural)
puronsa (accusative genitive singular)
puronsa (accusative genitive plural)
puronsa (genitive singular)
purojensa (genitive plural)
puroaan (partitive singular)
puroansa (partitive singular)
purojaan (partitive plural)
purojansa (partitive plural)
purossaan (inessive singular)
purossansa (inessive singular)
puroissaan (inessive plural)
puroissansa (inessive plural)
purostaan (elative singular)
purostansa (elative singular)
puroistaan (elative plural)
puroistansa (elative plural)
puroonsa (illative singular)
puroihinsa (illative plural)
purollaan (adessive singular)
purollansa (adessive singular)
puroillaan (adessive plural)
puroillansa (adessive plural)
puroltaan (ablative singular)
puroltansa (ablative singular)
puroiltaan (ablative plural)
puroiltansa (ablative plural)
purolleen (allative singular)
purollensa (allative singular)
puroilleen (allative plural)
puroillensa (allative plural)
puronaan (essive singular)
puronansa (essive singular)
puroinaan (essive plural)
puroinansa (essive plural)
purokseen (singular translative)
puroksensa (singular translative)
puroikseen (plural translative)
puroiksensa (plural translative)
purottaan (abessive singular)
purottansa (abessive singular)
puroittaan (abessive plural)
puroittansa (abessive plural)
puroineen (comitative plural)
puroinensa (comitative plural)

Probably purista + -o in reference to the sound made by running water in a creek. Related to Karelian puro.

stream, streamlet, brook, creek (body of running water smaller than a river)


playa

→ English: playa

Papiamentu: playa

Inherited from Late Latin plagia, from Latin plaga. Compare Portuguese praia, French plage, Italian spiaggia.


rill

From or akin to West Frisian ril (“rill; a narrow channel”), Dutch ril (“rill; gully; trench; watercourse”), German Low German Rille, Rill (“a small channel; brook; furrow”), German Rille (“a groove; furrow”).

cog

(planetology) Alternative form of rille.


wadi

From Arabic وَادٍ (wādin, “valley, riverbed, ravine”).

bor

A valley, gully, or stream bed in northern Africa and southwest Asia that remains dry except during the rainy season.

uadi

a valley, gully, or stream-bed in northern Africa and southwest Asia that remains dry except during the rainy season


wold

en-adj

wold (comparative wolder, superlative woldest)

wolder (comparative)
woldest (superlative)

[A] girt wind had a-blowed the wold tree auver, so that his head were in the water.

1873, Elijah Kellogg, Sowed by the Wind: Or, The Poor Boy's Fortune, Boston: Lee and Shepard, page 19

"I've got a wold silver spoon, and a wold graven seal at home, too; but, Lord, what's a graven seal?"

1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, volume 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., page 7

(archaic, dialect, West Country, Dorset, Devon) Old.


wold

English: wold, weald, wald

Scots: wald

From Old English weald, wald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”), from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz.

Ȝif æi mon hine mihte ifinden uppe þissere wælden, ...

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


lac

Inherited from Middle French lac, from Old French lac, a replacement of earlier lai (“pit, trench, ditch, grave, mere, pond”) (see Old French lac). Generally inferred as a borrowing of Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).


lac

lacuri (plural)
lac (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un lac (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
lacul (accusative definite nominative singular)
lacuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște lacuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
lacurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
lac (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui lac (dative genitive indefinite singular)
lacului (dative definite genitive singular)
lacuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor lacuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
lacurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
lacule (singular vocative)
lacurilor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”). Compare Aragonese laco, Catalan llac, Esperanto lago, French lac, Italian lago, Maltese lag, Portuguese lago, Sardinian lagu, Spanish lago.


swag

en-noun

swag (countable and uncountable, plural swags)

The swag, is a term used in speaking of any booty you have lately obtained, be it of what kind it may, except money; as where did you lumber the swag? that is, where did you deposit the stolen property? To carry the swag is to be the bearer of the stolen goods to a place of safety.

1819, James Hardy Vaux, Memoirs of James Hardy Vaux, volume 1, page 216

He was on his way to call on other dealers to check out their swag and to see if he could trade away some of his leftover odds and ends.

1971 November 22, Frank E. Emerson, “They Can Get It For You BETTER Than Wholesale”, in New York Magazine, page 38

(uncountable, thieves' cant) Stolen goods; the booty of a burglar or thief; boodle.


swag

en-verb

swag (third-person singular simple present swags, present participle swagging, simple past and past participle swagged)

swags (present singular third-person)
swagging (participle present)
swagged (participle past)
swagged (past)

Well, one night we were rather hard up and we wanted a good feed, so five or six of us set out, along with a great stout fellow, and we actually stole a whole sheep that was hanging at a butcher's door, and the big chap swagged it home.

1869, Frank Henderson, Six years in the prisons of England, page 225

型

(slang) style; a fashionable appearance or manner


holt

non-decl-blank-full

holt

holt (indefinite nominative singular)
holtit (definite nominative singular)
holt (indefinite nominative plural)
holtin (definite nominative plural)
holt (accusative indefinite singular)
holtit (accusative definite singular)
holt (accusative indefinite plural)
holtin (accusative definite plural)
holti (dative indefinite singular)
holtinu (dative definite singular)
holtum (dative indefinite plural)
holtunum (dative definite plural)
holts (genitive indefinite singular)
holtsins (definite genitive singular)
holta (genitive indefinite plural)
holtanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: holt

Faroese: holt

Norwegian: holt

Old Swedish: hult

Swedish: holt, hult

Danish: holt

Old Gutnish: hult


Charybdis

From Ancient Greek Χάρυβδις (Khárubdis).

…that night, wee ſailed merrily by the Maſcarenas, a Charybdis in 21 degrees, var.13 and 17 minutes…

1638, Sir Thomas Herbert, Some yeares travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique

The tide here sets in alternately from N. to S. and from S. to N., which causes the whirlpool of Galofaro, the Charybdis of the ancients.

1832, James Bell, A system of geography, popular and scientific

Lo! the wave that for ever devours the wave / Casts roaringly up the charybdis again…

1842 Schiller, Friedrich poem Der Taucher (written in 1797) published in English in Blackwood's Magazine volume 52


dun

dūn (canonical feminine)
dūn (nominative singular)
dūna (nominative plural)
dūne (nominative plural)
dūne (accusative singular)
dūna (accusative plural)
dūne (accusative plural)
dūne (genitive singular)
dūna (genitive plural)
dūne (dative singular)
dūnum (dative plural)

Middle English: doun, doune

English: down

Scots: doun, down

From Proto-West Germanic *dūnu, *dūnā (“sand dune”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“heap, pile”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, fume, raise dust”); or alternatively a late borrowing from Proto-Celtic *dūnom from the same Proto-Indo-European source.

der

Old English Heptateuch, Genesis 22:2

"Take your only-begotten son Isaac, whom you love, and quickly go to the land of Visionis, and sacrifice him there upon a mountain."

"Nim þīnne āncennedan sunu Īsaac, þe þū lufast, and far tō þām lande Visionis hraþe, and ġeoffra hine þǣr uppan ānre dūne."


mire

en-verb

mire (third-person singular simple present mires, present participle miring, simple past and past participle mired)

mires (present singular third-person)
miring (participle present)
mired (participle past)
mired (past)

From Middle English mire, a borrowing from Old Norse mýrr, from Proto-Germanic *miuzijō, whence also Swedish myr, Norwegian myr, Icelandic mýri, Dutch *mier (in placenames, for example Mierlo). Related to Proto-Germanic *meusą, whence Old English mēos, and Proto-Germanic *musą, whence Old English mos (English moss).

to mire a horse or wagon

(transitive) To cause or permit to become stuck in mud; to plunge or fix in mud.


mire

English: mire (“swamp”)

Scots: mire

Borrowed from Old Norse mýrr, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *miuzijō.

(figuratively) Iniquity, sinfulness; immoral behaviour.

(rare) A puddle or pond; a watery hollow.


eyot

From Middle English eyt, eit, from Old English īġeoþ, īgoþ, iggaþ, iggoþ (“ait, eyot, islet, small island”), diminutive of īġ, ēġ, īeġ (“island”) (whence English ey (“island”)) which also constitutes the first element of island. See also ait and Norwegian Bokmål øy.

(chiefly British) A little island, especially in a river or lake.


creek

Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin: kriki

Sranan Tongo: kriki

From Middle English creke, kreke, creake, of unclear origin.
Additional etymological information
It existed alongside a second variant in Middle English cryke, krike, cricke, from Old Norse kriki. The first form possibly continues Old English *creca (attested in the diminutive crecca (“creek, bay, wharf”) also found in Anglo-Latin as creca, crecca), from Proto-West Germanic *krekō, from Proto-Germanic *krekô, *krekuz (“corner, hook, angle, bend, bight”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, to wind”).
See also Old Dutch creka, crika (“inlet, cove, creek”), Old Norse kriki, krikr (“angle, corner, nook, bight”), Old Norse kraki (“pole with a hook, anchor”), and possibly Old Norse krókr (“hook, bend, bight”). Modern cognates include West Frisian kreek (“creek”), Dutch kreek (“creek, cove, inlet, bight”), and French crique (“cove”) (borrowed from Germanic).
Early British colonists of Australia and the Americas used the term in the usual British way, to name inlets; as settlements followed the inlets upstream and inland, the names were retained and creek came to be used to refer to any small waterway.

unk

unclear origin

cog

(Australia, New Zealand, Canada, US) A stream of water (often freshwater) smaller than a river and larger than a brook; in Australia, also used of river-sized bodies of water.


ana

From Proto-Polynesian *qana. Cognate to Maori ana, Samoan ana.


firth

Borrowed from Scots firth, furth, from Northern Middle English fyrth, from either or both Old English ford and Old Norse fjǫrðr (“firth, fjord”), from Proto-Germanic *ferþu, *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), from *per- (“to carry forth”) + *-tus (suffix forming action nouns from verb roots). The English word is a doublet of fjord, ford, and port.

The descent continues, still more steeply to Dundee (Tay Bridge), and approaching from the bridge itself this sharp descent gives the curious appearance that the station is below the level of the firth.

1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “"The Aberdonian" in Wartime”, in Railway Magazine, page 7

They drove on, every rise in the road lifting their sightline clear of the drystone dykes along the roadside, gifting glimpses of the firth and the islands, the blue peaks of Arran.

2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 440

An arm or inlet of the sea; a river estuary.


firth

From Middle English fyrth, a metathetic variant of frith (“forest”), from Old English fyrhþe, fyrhþ (“forest, wooded country; game preserve, hunting ground”), from Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi (“forest, woodland”), Proto-Germanic *furhiþją (“forest, wooded country”), *furhiþǭ, from *furhu (“fir; pine”), from *furahō, *furhō (“fir; pine; (fir or pine) forest”), from Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”), from *perkʷ- (“oak”).

inh

(chiefly Northern England, Scotland) Alternative form of frith (“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)


crest

From Middle English creste, from Old French creste (modern French crête) and perhaps continuing Old English cræsta (“crest, tuft, plume”); both ultimately from Vulgar Latin *cresta, from Latin crista. Doublet of crista.
The informal meaning “design, logo” (sense 11) stems from a misinterpretation of the heraldic sense 4, which specifically refers to the object placed on top of the helm.

A tuft, or other natural ornament, growing on an animal's head, for example the comb of a cockerel, the swelling on the head of a snake, the lengthened feathers of the crown or nape of bird, etc.

The plume of feathers, or other decoration, worn on or displayed on a helmet; the distinctive ornament of a helmet.

(heraldry) A bearing worn, not upon the shield, but usually on a helmet above it, sometimes (as for clerics) separately above the shield or separately as a mark for plate, in letterheads, and the like.

Any of several birds in the family Regulidae, including the goldcrests and firecrests.


crater

First coined 1613, from Latin crātēr (“basin”), from Ancient Greek κρᾱτήρ (krātḗr, “mixing-bowl, wassail-bowl”).

der

(astronomy) A hemispherical pit created by the impact of a meteorite or other object.

(geology) The basin-like opening or mouth of a volcano, through which the chief eruption comes; similarly, the mouth of a geyser, about which a cone of silica is often built up.

The people of those parts lived in underground houses - more of dug-outs - along with their goats and sheep and they had great craters full of wine, barley-wine, that they drank through reeds.

1941, Louis MacNeice, The March of the 10,000

(historical) Alternative spelling of krater (“vessel for mixing water and wine”)