Japan

> Tok Pisin: Siapan (inherited)

→ Bengali: জাপান (japan)

→ Burmese: ဂျပန် (gya.pan)

→ Hindustani:

desctree

Hindi: जापान (jāpān)
→ Dhivehi: ޖާފާނު (jāfānu)

Urdu: جاپان (jāpān)

→ Irish: Seapáin

→ Marathi: जपान (japān)

→ Marshallese: Jepaan

→ Persian:

Dari: جَاپَان (jāpān)

⇒ Samoan: Iapani

→ Tamil: ஜப்பான் (jappāṉ)

→ Telugu: జపాను (japānu)

→ Welsh: Japan

→ Welsh: Siapan

→ Yoruba: Jèpáànì

Etymology tree
Hokkien 日本 /Ji̍t-púnbor.
Malay Jepangbor.
Portuguese Japãobor.
Malay Jepangbor.
Dutch Japanbor.
English Japan
First attested in English as Giapan in Richard Willes's 1577 The History of Travayle in the West and East Indies (cited in Peter C. Mancall's Travel Narratives from the Age of Discovery, pp. 156–57), translating a 19 February 1565 letter of the Portuguese Jesuit missionary Luís Fróis as "Of the Ilande of Giapan".
Borrowed from Portuguese Japão / Japam with possible influence from Dutch Japan, both from Malay Jepang / Jepun, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, “sun origin”).
With /j/ readings, such as Iaponia / Japonia or Japon / Iapon from possibly Cantonese 日本 (jat⁶ bun²), also from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, “sun origin”).
Compare also modern Mandarin 日本 (Rìběn), Japanese 日本(にっぽん) (Nippon) / 日本(にほん) (Nihon), Korean 일본 (Ilbon) (日本), Vietnamese Nhật Bản (日本).
The earliest form of Japan in Europe was Marco Polo's Cipangu, from some form of synonymous Sinitic 日本國 /日本国 (“Japan state”).

der

Vivian: If you set a picture by Hokusai, or Hokkei, or any of the great native painters, beside a real Japanese gentleman or lady, you will see that there is not the slightest resemblance between them. The actual people who live in Japan are not unlike the general run of English people; that is to say, they are extremely commonplace, and have nothing curious or extraordinary about them. In fact the whole of Japan is a pure invention. There is no such country, there are no such people... if you desire to see a Japanese effect, you will not behave like a tourist and go to Tokio. On the contrary, you will stay at home and steep yourself in the work of certain Japanese artists, and then, when you have absorbed the spirit of their style, and caught their imaginative manner of vision, you will go some afternoon and sit in the Park or stroll down Piccadilly, and if you cannot see an absolutely Japanese effect there, you will not see it anywhere.

1889 Jan., Oscar Wilde, The Decay of Lying: An Observation", The Nineteenth Century

Japan’s very interesting. Some people think it copies things. I don’t think that anymore. I think what they do is reinvent things. They will get something that’s already been invented and study it until they thoroughly understand it. In some cases, they understand it better than the original inventor... That strategy works only when what they’re working with isn’t changing very much—the stereo industry and the automobile industry are two examples. When the target is moving quickly, they find it very difficult...

1985 February, Steve Jobs, interview with David Sheff, Playboy

Nolan: You do know Japan have expressed concern?
Douglas: What, the whole country?
Nolan: No, not the whole... Mr Yamamoto.
Douglas: He's important, isn't he?
Nolan: He's the major shareholder.

2008 November 21, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 3, Episode 1


Japan

Inherited from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

Japan (a country in East Asia; capital: Tokio)


Japan

→ Faroese: Japan

→ Icelandic: Japan

From Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

> Afrikaans: Japan (inherited)

→ Arabic: اليابان (al-yābān)

desctree

→ Danish: Japan
→ Faroese: Japan
→ Icelandic: Japan

⇒ English: Japan, Giapan (obsolete), Japonia (obsolete), Japon (obsolete)
> Tok Pisin: Siapan (inherited)
→ Bengali: জাপান (japan)
→ Burmese: ဂျပန် (gya.pan)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: जापान (jāpān)
→ Dhivehi: ޖާފާނު (jāfānu)
Urdu: جاپان (jāpān)
→ Irish: Seapáin
→ Marathi: जपान (japān)
→ Marshallese: Jepaan
→ Persian:
Dari: جَاپَان (jāpān)
⇒ Samoan: Iapani
→ Tamil: ஜப்பான் (jappāṉ)
→ Telugu: జపాను (japānu)
→ Welsh: Japan
→ Welsh: Siapan
→ Yoruba: Jèpáànì

→ German: Japan
→ Ladin: Iapan
→ Estonian: Jaapan
→ Finnish: Japani
→ Hungarian: Japán
→ Latvian: Japāna
→ Norwegian: Japan
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: Јапан
Latin script: Japan
→ Yiddish: יאַפּאַן (yapan)
→ Hebrew: יפן (yapan)

→ Swedish: Japan

→ West Frisian: Japan

From Malay Jepang / Jepun, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

From Danish Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

de-proper noun

Japan n (proper noun, genitive Japans or (optionally with an article) Japan)

Japans (genitive)
Japan (genitive with-article)

→ Ladin: Iapan

→ Estonian: Jaapan

→ Finnish: Japani

→ Hungarian: Japán

→ Latvian: Japāna

→ Norwegian: Japan

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Јапан

Latin script: Japan

desctree

→ Yiddish: יאַפּאַן (yapan)
→ Hebrew: יפן (yapan)


Japan

is-proper noun

Japan n (proper noun, genitive singular Japan or (rare) Japans)

or (rare) Japans (Japan genitive singular)
Japan (indefinite nominative singular)
Japan (accusative indefinite singular)
Japan (dative indefinite singular)
Japan (genitive indefinite singular)
Japans (genitive indefinite rare singular)

Borrowed from Danish Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

Ég fer til Japans.

Hvar er Japan staðsett á kortinu?


Japan

From German Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Japan

Jàpān (canonical masculine)
Ја̀па̄н (Cyrillic)
Japan (nominative singular)
Japana (genitive singular)
Japanu (dative singular)
Japan (accusative singular)
Japane (singular vocative)
Japanu (locative singular)
Japanom (instrumental singular)


Japanese

/ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/

From Japan + -ese after the model of earlier Portuguese japonês, New Latin japonensis, French japonais, etc.

I’ve been studying Japanese for three years, and I still can’t order pizza in Tokyo!

A language that is primarily spoken in East Asia and is the official language of Japan.

જાપાની ભાષા

jāpānī bhāṣā

जापानी भाषा

jāpānī bhāṣā


Japanese

de-noun

Japanese m (weak, genitive Japanesen, plural Japanesen)

Japanesen (genitive)
Japanesen (plural)
Japanese (nominative singular)
Japanesen (definite nominative plural)
Japanesen (genitive singular)
Japanesen (definite genitive plural)
Japanesen (dative singular)
Japanesen (dative definite plural)
Japanesen (accusative singular)
Japanesen (accusative definite plural)

From Japan + -ese, after the model of earlier Portuguese japonês, New Latin japonensis, etc.

(obsolete) Synonym of Japaner, a Japanese person.


mikado

en-noun

mikado (countable and uncountable, plural mikados)

Borrowed from Japanese 御門 (mikado), from 御 (mi, “honorable”) + 門 (kado, “gate, portal”).

com

The mikados of Japan are its emperors.

Our great Mikado, virtuous man,
When he to rule our land began,
Resolved to try a plan whereby
Young men might best be steadied.

(literary, countable) Any emperor of Japan.


mikado

nl-noun

mikado m (plural mikado's, diminutive mikadootje n)

mikado's (plural)
mikadootje (diminutive neuter)


mikado

eo-head

mikado (accusative singular mikadon, plural mikadoj, accusative plural mikadojn)

mikadon (accusative singular)
mikadoj (plural)
mikadojn (accusative plural)


japonais

fr-adj

japonais (feminine japonaise, masculine plural japonais, feminine plural japonaises)

japonaise (feminine)
japonais (masculine plural)
japonaises (feminine plural)


pays du Soleil Levant

le pays du Soleil Levant (canonical masculine)

Land of the Rising Sun
Land of the Rising Sun

(periphrasis) the Land of the Rising Sun (Japan)


samurai

In feudal Japan, a soldier who served a daimyo.


bushido

Borrowed from Japanese 武(ぶ)士(し)道(どう) (bushidō), from Middle Chinese 武士 (mɨo^X d͡ʒɨ^X, “warrior”) + 道 (dɑu^X, “way”). Cognate with Mandarin 武士 (wǔshì) and Cantonese 武士 (mou⁵ si⁶).

der

An ethical code of the samurai that was prevalent in feudal Japan that advocated unquestioning loyalty to the master at all costs and obedience in all deeds, valuing honor above life.


bushido

Transliteration from Japanese 武(ぶ)士(し)道(どう) (bushidō).


katana

katanka (diminutive)
katana (nominative singular)
katany (nominative plural)
katany (genitive singular)
katan (genitive plural)
katanie (dative singular)
katanom (dative plural)
katanę (accusative singular)
katany (accusative plural)
kataną (instrumental singular)
katanami (instrumental plural)
katanie (locative singular)
katanach (locative plural)
katano (singular vocative)
katany (plural vocative)

(ethnography) twin caftan worn in some regional Polish folk costumes for women


東京

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (東京):
* → Japanese: 東京(とうけい) (Tōkei)

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɵŋ³³ ken³³/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ kin⁴⁴/

/tøyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ⁵⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ kiã³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã³³/

/toŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɵŋ³³ ken³³/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ kin⁴⁴/

/tøyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ⁵⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ kiã³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã³³/

/toŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

2006, “富士山下”, in 林夕 (lyrics), What's Going On...?, performed by 陳奕迅 [Eason Chan]:

mong⁴ diu⁶ ngo⁵ gan¹ nei⁵ jan¹ jyun³, jing¹ faa¹ hoi¹ liu⁵ gei² zyun³, dung¹ ging¹ zi¹ leoi⁵ jat¹ zou² bei² jat¹ sai³ jiu⁴ jyun⁵

忘掉我跟你恩怨 櫻花開了幾轉 東京之旅一早比一世遙遠

忘掉我跟你恩怨 樱花开了几转 东京之旅一早比一世遥远

(～都) Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


東京

ja-pos

東(とう)京(きょう) • (Tōkyō) ^(←とうきやう (Toukyau)?)

東京 (canonical)
Tōkyō (romanization)
Toukyau (romanization)
とうきやう (hiragana historical)

→ Dutch: Tokio

→ English: Tokyo

→ Finnish: Tokio

→ French: Tokyo

→ German: Tokio

→ Khmer: តូក្យូ (toukyou)

→ Korean: 동경 (Donggyeong)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Tokyo

→ Portuguese: Tóquio

→ Russian: То́кио (Tókio)

→ Spanish: Tokio

→ Vietnamese: Đông Kinh

/tou kʲau/ → /toːkʲɔː/ → /toːkʲoː/
Compound of Middle Chinese-derived elements 東 (tō, “east, eastern”) + 京 (kyō, “capital”).
The city of Tokyo was renamed from 江戸 (Edo) in 1868 after Emperor Meiji moved the capital from Kyoto.

com

昨日、東京は曇りでしたか。

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan, consisting of 23 special wards)


東京

ryu-head

東(とー)京(ちょー) (Tōchō)

東京(とーちょー)んかい行(い)ち欲(ぶ)さん。


anime

Borrowed from Japanese アニメ. First attested in 1997.

Coordinate term: manga

(animation) anime (animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style)


anime

pl-adj

anime (not comparable, no derived adverb)

(animation, postpositive, relational) anime (animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style)


sensei

Borrowed from Japanese 先生(せんせい) (sensei, “teacher; elder”), from Middle Chinese 先生 (MC sen sraeng, “master, elder”), from 先 (MC sen, “earlier, first”) + 生 (MC sraeng, “born”). Compare modern Mandarin 先生 (xiānshēng, “Mr.”). Doublet of sinseh, from Hokkien 先生 (sin-seⁿ).

A teacher, guide or mentor, in the context of Japan.


dojo

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 道場, from Middle Chinese 道場, a calque of Sanskrit बोधिमण्ड (bodhimaṇḍa). Doublet of tapczan.

dojo (place where martial arts are practiced)


tenno

Borrowed from Japanese 天皇(てんのう) (tennō), from Middle Chinese 天皇 (tʰen ɦwɑŋ) with the original sense of “heavenly sovereign”.

The emperor of Japan as head of state and the head of the Japanese imperial family.


円

円 (canonical)
en (romanization)
wen (romanization)
ゑん (hiragana historical)

/wen/ → /eɴ/
From Middle Chinese 圓 (MC zjwen|hjwen), with the original sense of "circle, roundness".
The yen sense came much later in the Meiji period, from Chinese 圓 /圆 (yuán), itself from 銀圓 /银圆 (yínyuán, “round silver object(s), especially a piece of eight”). Compare Chinese 元 (yuán, “yuan”) and Korean 원 (won, “Korean won”). Doublet of 元 (gen, “yuan (Chinese currency)”), ユアン (yuan, “yuan (Chinese currency)”), and ウォン (won, “won (Korean currency)”).
The yen became the official currency of Japan in 1871, succeeding the 両 (ryō) and the 文 (mon).


京

Second grade kyōiku kanji (romanization)

京人形

京人形 きょうにんぎょう

平城京

平城京 へいじょうきょう


倭

From Middle Chinese 倭 (MC 'wa). Various theories suggest that 倭 was influenced by Old Japanese 我 (wa, “I, me”) or referring to the practice of bowing among the ancient Japanese.


和

Empress Genmei
Muromachi period
Wa (Japanese)
ja:和

From Middle Chinese 和 (MC hwa, “harmonious”).
The “Japan” sense appears during the reign of Empress Genmei (707–715 CE), as this character 和(わ) (Wa) was chosen as a homophone with a more favorable meaning to replace the previous character 倭(わ) (Wa) then in use as the kanji name for Japan (see the etymology at 大和(やまと) (Yamato) for more details). The “Japan” sense was usually read with a kun'yomi of yamato, until some time in the Muromachi period, when the go'on reading of Wa became more common.

和露辞典

和食

和室

a Japanese-style room with tatami flooring and usually sliding doors

和映画


橘

橘 (canonical)
橘 (canonical)
tachibana (romanization)

Emperor Suinin
Kojiki
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
Tajimamori
ja:垂仁天皇
ja:田道間守

From Old Japanese 橘 (tatibana). First cited in the Kojiki of 712.
According to the Nihon Shoki in a section describing the 90th year of the reign of the legendary 垂仁天皇 (Suinin Tennō, “Emperor Suinin”, traditionally regarded as living from 69 BCE – 70 CE and reigning from 29 BCE – 70 CE), a legendary figure named 田道間守 (Tajimamori) was tasked with bringing back from the heavens a 非時香菓 (tokijiku no kagu no konomi, literally, “timeless fragrant tree-fruit”; the same incident is also included in the Kojiki). This is often interpreted to be a reference to tachibana, but the text itself is not specific.
A surface analysis suggests that this is a compound of 立ち (tachi, “standing”, from verb 立つ (tatsu, “to stand”)) + 花 (hana, “flower”).
Shortened to tachi for some compounds.

compound

from verb <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">立つ</i> (tatsu, “to stand”)

江南の橘江北の枳となる

Kōnan no tachibana Kōhoku no karatachi to naru

Citrus tachibana, a species of wild, green, inedible citrus fruit native to Japan


紫

From Old Japanese.
Possibly a compound of 群 (mura, “gathering, group”) + 咲き (saki, “blooming”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 咲く (saku), “to bloom”).

com

(historical, colloquial, from 江戸紫 (Edo murasaki, “royal purple”), where the dye is traditionally made in) Edo, the de facto capital of the Tokugawa shogunate


紫

From 縁 (yukari, “affinity, connection”).


kimono

kimonowy (adjective)
kimono (nominative singular)
kimona (nominative plural)
kimona (genitive singular)
kimon (genitive plural)
kimonu (dative singular)
kimonom (dative plural)
kimono (accusative singular)
kimona (accusative plural)
kimonem (instrumental singular)
kimonami (instrumental plural)
kimonie (locative singular)
kimonach (locative plural)
kimono (singular vocative)
kimona (plural vocative)

kimono (traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions)

(martial arts) kimono (sports outfit worn by people training in certain martial arts, consisting of pants and a blouse with a slit in the front, the parts of which are worn one over the other and tied rigidly at the waist with a belt)


kimono

pl-adj

kimono (not comparable, no derived adverb)

(relational) kimono (traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions)


kimono

kimonowy (adjective)
kimono (nominative singular)
kimona (genitive singular)
kimonu (dative singular)
kimono (accusative singular)
kimonem (instrumental singular)
kimonie (locative singular)
kimono (singular vocative)

(humorous, slang) nap (short period of sleep, especially one during the day)


褌

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kuːn): semantic 衤 (“clothes”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).

Han compound

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Wu, Waxiang) trousers; pants

fundoshi (traditional Japanese loincloth)


Nippon

Borrowed from Japanese 日本(にっぽん) (Nippon), an alternative or older form of 日本(にほん) (Nihon).

(rare, chiefly in brand or company names) Japan.


eta

From Japanese 穢多 (“full of filth”) (literal translation, now considered derogatory in Japan).

q

A social outcast in Japan who is subjected to menial work, making up a class or caste of such people.


日本

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (日本):
* → Japanese: 日本(にほん) (Nihon); 日本(にっぽん) (Nippon); 日本(じっぽん) (Jippon)
* → Korean: 일본(日本) (Ilbon)
* → Vietnamese: Nhật Bản (日本)

→ Lao: ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ (nyī pun)

→ Malay: Jepang, Jepun (see there for further descendants)

→ Manchu: ᡰᡳ
ᠪᡝᠨ (ži ben)

→ Thai: ญี่ปุ่น (yîi-bpùn)

→ Tibetan: ཇི་བེན (ji ben)

→ Wutunhua: reben

→ Zhuang: Yizbwnj

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² pᵘɔn⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁴⁵ pəŋ⁵³/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ puoŋ³³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ pun⁴²/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pun⁵³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²/

/zəʔ¹¹ pən²³/

/zəʔ²² pən⁵¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² pᵘɔn⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁴⁵ pəŋ⁵³/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ puoŋ³³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ pun⁴²/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pun⁵³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²/

/zəʔ¹¹ pən²³/

/zəʔ²² pən⁵¹/

This appellation comes from imperial correspondence between the Chinese Sui Dynasty and Japan, and refers to the eastward position of Japan relative to China.

the sun's origin; where the sun originates

日本電視劇／日本电视剧 ― Rìběn diànshìjù ― Japanese TV drama

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


日本

→ Translingual: nihonium

→ Japanese: ニホニウム

Daijirin
Emperor Yang of Sui
Heian period
Japanese missions to Sui China
Names of Japan
Prince Shōtoku
ja:日本

/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/ → /niɸoɴ/ → /nihoɴ/
Coined in Japan of Sinic elements, as compound of 日 (nichi, “sun”) + 本 (hon, “origin”) and literally meaning "origin of the sun". The hon element was apparently pronounced /poɴ/ when first coined. Over time, the initial /p/ lenited, becoming /ɸ/ as shown in the Nifon entry in the 1603 Nippo Jisho ("Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary"). This then became the /h/ sound in modern Japanese.
In older texts, this was read as kun'yomi as 日の本 (Hinomoto). The on'yomi readings Nippon and Nihon became more common in the Heian period, with both persisting into modern use. The Nihon reading appears to be the most common in everyday Japanese usage.
This may be related to the famous letter from Prince Shōtoku to Emperor Yang of Sui sent via the Japanese mission to Sui China in 607, wherein we see the first mention of Japan as the Land of the Rising Sun, and a description of China as Land of the Setting Sun:
:
日出處 /日出处 (literally “sun + emerge + place”) here refers to Japan, while 日沒處 /日没处 (literally “sun + sink + place”) refers to China.

lang

ニホンVSニッポン 「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?

ニホンVSニッポン 「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?

...the son of heaven of the land of the rising sun sends a letter to the son of heaven of the place where the sun sets, for good health and so on.

rì chū chù tiānzǐ zhìshū rì méi chù tiānzǐ wúyàng yúnyún

日出處天子致書日沒處天子無恙云云

日出处天子致书日没处天子无恙云云

Nifon ニホン (日本) 日本.

1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 463:

Short for 日本国 (Nihon-koku): Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


gakuran

The military-style school uniform for male students in most Japanese middle schools and high schools, usually in either black or navy.


samuraj

pl-noun

samuraj m pers (related adjective samurajski)

samurajski (adjective)
samuraj (nominative singular)
samurajowie (nominative plural)
samuraje (nominative plural)
samuraja (genitive singular)
samurajów (genitive plural)
samurai (genitive plural)
samurajowi (dative singular)
samurajom (dative plural)
samuraja (accusative singular)
samurajów (accusative plural)
samurai (accusative plural)
samurajem (instrumental singular)
samurajami (instrumental plural)
samuraju (locative singular)
samurajach (locative plural)
samuraju (singular vocative)
samurajowie (plural vocative)
samuraje (plural vocative)

(historical) samurai (soldier who served a daimyo in feudal Japan)


Tokyo

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”), as opposed to Kyoto in the west, from Middle Chinese 東 (tuŋ, “east”) + 京 (kˠiæŋ, “capital”).

ja-r

A prefecture, the capital city of Japan.


Tokyo

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


Tokyo

Borrowed from Japanese 東京 (とうきょう, Tōkyō, literally “Eastern capital”), from Middle Chinese 東 (tuwng, “east”) + 京 (kjæng, “capital”).

bor+

とうきょう, Tōkyō


Tokyo

From Japanese 東京 (とうきょう, Tōkyō, literally “Eastern capital”), from both Middle Chinese 東 (tuwng, “east”), from Old Japanese 東 (*pi₁mukasi) + and from 京 (kjæng, “capital”), either from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-gaŋ (“hill, ridge, mountain”), or of Austroasiatic origin.

der

とうきょう, Tōkyō

Tokyo er Japans økonomiske sentrum og midtpunkt i verdens største by- og industriregion.

Tokyo is Japan's economic center and center of the world's largest urban and industrial region.

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Kantō, Japan)


judo

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 柔(じゅう)道(どう) (jūdō).

ja-r

柔(じゅう)道(どう) (jūdō)


wasabi

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 山葵 (wasabi).

ubor

Eutrema japonicum
Wikispecies:Eutrema japonicum


Jepang

From Indonesian Jepang (“Japan”), from Malay Jepang (“Japan”), from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún, “Japan”).


sumo

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 相撲 (sumō).


japanisch

de-adj

japanisch (strong nominative masculine singular japanischer, comparative japanischer, superlative am japanischsten)

japanischer (masculine nominative singular strong)
japanischer (comparative)
am japanischsten (superlative)
japanisch (masculine predicative singular)
japanisch (feminine predicative singular)
japanisch (neuter predicative singular)
japanisch (plural predicative)
japanischer (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
japanische (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
japanisches (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
japanische (nominative plural strong without-article)
japanischen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
japanischer (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
japanischen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
japanischer (genitive plural strong without-article)
japanischem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
japanischer (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
japanischem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
japanischen (dative plural strong without-article)
japanischen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
japanische (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
japanisches (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
japanische (accusative plural strong without-article)
der japanische (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die japanische (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das japanische (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die japanischen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des japanischen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der japanischen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des japanischen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der japanischen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem japanischen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der japanischen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem japanischen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den japanischen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den japanischen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die japanische (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das japanische (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die japanischen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein japanischer (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine japanische (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein japanisches (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
japanischen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine japanischen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines japanischen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer japanischen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines japanischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
japanischen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner japanischen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem japanischen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer japanischen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem japanischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
japanischen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen japanischen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen japanischen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine japanische (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein japanisches (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
japanischen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine japanischen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
japanischer (comparative masculine predicative singular)
japanischer (comparative feminine predicative singular)
japanischer (comparative neuter predicative singular)
japanischer (comparative plural predicative)
japanischerer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
japanischere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
japanischeres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
japanischere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
japanischeren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
japanischerer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
japanischeren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
japanischerer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
japanischerem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
japanischerer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
japanischerem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
japanischeren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
japanischeren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
japanischere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
japanischeres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
japanischere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der japanischere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die japanischere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das japanischere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die japanischeren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des japanischeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der japanischeren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des japanischeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der japanischeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem japanischeren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der japanischeren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem japanischeren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den japanischeren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den japanischeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die japanischere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das japanischere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die japanischeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein japanischerer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine japanischere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein japanischeres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
japanischeren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine japanischeren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines japanischeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer japanischeren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines japanischeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
japanischeren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner japanischeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem japanischeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer japanischeren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem japanischeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
japanischeren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen japanischeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen japanischeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine japanischere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein japanischeres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
japanischeren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine japanischeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am japanischsten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am japanischsten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am japanischsten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am japanischsten (plural predicative superlative)
japanischster (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischstes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
japanischsten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischster (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischsten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischster (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
japanischstem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischster (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischstem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischsten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
japanischsten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischstes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
japanischste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der japanischste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die japanischste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das japanischste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die japanischsten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des japanischsten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der japanischsten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des japanischsten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der japanischsten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem japanischsten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der japanischsten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem japanischsten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den japanischsten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den japanischsten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die japanischste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das japanischste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die japanischsten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein japanischster (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine japanischste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein japanischstes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
japanischsten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine japanischsten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines japanischsten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer japanischsten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines japanischsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
japanischsten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner japanischsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem japanischsten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer japanischsten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem japanischsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
japanischsten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen japanischsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen japanischsten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine japanischste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein japanischstes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
japanischsten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine japanischsten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

(relational) Japanese (of or relating to Japan, the Japanese people, or the Japanese language)


Noh

en-noun

Noh (countable and uncountable, plural Nohs)

An irregular romanization of Japanese 能 (nō, literally “[performing] skill, talent”).

bor

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Noh.

(countable, rare, possibly dated) An individual play in this style.


tera

tera (nominative singular)
tery (nominative plural)
tery (genitive singular)
ter (genitive plural)
terze (dative singular)
terom (dative plural)
terę (accusative singular)
tery (accusative plural)
terą (instrumental singular)
terami (instrumental plural)
terze (locative singular)
terach (locative plural)
tero (singular vocative)
tery (plural vocative)

(Buddhism) tera (Buddhist temple in Japan)


일본

Sino-Korean word from 日本, cognate with mainland Korean 일본 (ilbon).


일본

일본 사람


اليابان

ar-proper noun

الْيَابَان • (al-yābān) f

الْيَابَان (canonical)
al-yābān (romanization)
الْيَابَان (definite informal singular triptote)
الْيَابَانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْيَابَانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْيَابَانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)

From Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún). It's one of the Arabic country names which require the definite article اَل (al-).

سِيَاحَةُ ٱلْيَابَانِ تَتَضَمَّنُ مَزِيجًا مُثِيرًا مِنَ ٱلثَّقَافَةِ ٱلْقَدِيمَةِ وَٱلْحَدِيثَةِ.

Tourism in Japan includes an exciting blend of ancient and modern culture.

siyāḥatu l-yābāni tataḍammanu mazījan muṯīran mina ṯ-ṯaqāfati l-qadīmati wal-ḥadīṯati.


tobiko

A nigirizushi (hand-formed sushi) made with roe of flying fish.


Japans

af-adj

Japans (attributive Japanse, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Japans, equivalent to Japan + -s.

Japanese (of, from, or pertaining to Japan, the Japanese people or the Japanese language)


tsunami

(oceanography) tsunami (very large and destructive wave, generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean, such as an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption; often a series of waves (a wave train))

(figurative) tsunami (violent event that changes or completely shatters the previous state of something)

(figurative) tsunami, flood (appearance of some emotion, behavior, or phenomenon in large quantities or in high intensity) [with genitive]

(figurative) tsunami, flood (huge number of people gathered in some place and moving to somewhere) [with genitive]


yakuza

From Japanese やくざ (yakuza). See there for more details.

cartel

Latin American organized crime syndicate

يَاكُوزَا

member of a Japanese organized crime gang


yakuza

yakuza (nominative singular)
yakuzat (nominative plural)
yakuza (accusative nominative singular)
yakuzat (accusative nominative plural)
yakuzan (accusative genitive singular)
yakuzat (accusative genitive plural)
yakuzan (genitive singular)
yakuzoiden (genitive plural)
yakuzoitten (genitive plural)
yakuzojen (genitive plural)
yakuzain (genitive plural rare)
yakuzaa (partitive singular)
yakuzoita (partitive plural)
yakuzoja (partitive plural)
yakuzassa (inessive singular)
yakuzoissa (inessive plural)
yakuzasta (elative singular)
yakuzoista (elative plural)
yakuzaan (illative singular)
yakuzoihin (illative plural)
yakuzalla (adessive singular)
yakuzoilla (adessive plural)
yakuzalta (ablative singular)
yakuzoilta (ablative plural)
yakuzalle (allative singular)
yakuzoille (allative plural)
yakuzana (essive singular)
yakuzoina (essive plural)
yakuzaksi (singular translative)
yakuzoiksi (plural translative)
yakuzatta (abessive singular)
yakuzoitta (abessive plural)
yakuzoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
yakuzani (nominative singular)
yakuzani (nominative plural)
yakuzani (accusative nominative singular)
yakuzani (accusative nominative plural)
yakuzani (accusative genitive singular)
yakuzani (accusative genitive plural)
yakuzani (genitive singular)
yakuzoideni (genitive plural)
yakuzoitteni (genitive plural)
yakuzojeni (genitive plural)
yakuzaini (genitive plural rare)
yakuzaani (partitive singular)
yakuzoitani (partitive plural)
yakuzojani (partitive plural)
yakuzassani (inessive singular)
yakuzoissani (inessive plural)
yakuzastani (elative singular)
yakuzoistani (elative plural)
yakuzaani (illative singular)
yakuzoihini (illative plural)
yakuzallani (adessive singular)
yakuzoillani (adessive plural)
yakuzaltani (ablative singular)
yakuzoiltani (ablative plural)
yakuzalleni (allative singular)
yakuzoilleni (allative plural)
yakuzanani (essive singular)
yakuzoinani (essive plural)
yakuzakseni (singular translative)
yakuzoikseni (plural translative)
yakuzattani (abessive singular)
yakuzoittani (abessive plural)
yakuzoineni (comitative plural)
yakuzasi (nominative singular)
yakuzasi (nominative plural)
yakuzasi (accusative nominative singular)
yakuzasi (accusative nominative plural)
yakuzasi (accusative genitive singular)
yakuzasi (accusative genitive plural)
yakuzasi (genitive singular)
yakuzoidesi (genitive plural)
yakuzoittesi (genitive plural)
yakuzojesi (genitive plural)
yakuzaisi (genitive plural rare)
yakuzaasi (partitive singular)
yakuzoitasi (partitive plural)
yakuzojasi (partitive plural)
yakuzassasi (inessive singular)
yakuzoissasi (inessive plural)
yakuzastasi (elative singular)
yakuzoistasi (elative plural)
yakuzaasi (illative singular)
yakuzoihisi (illative plural)
yakuzallasi (adessive singular)
yakuzoillasi (adessive plural)
yakuzaltasi (ablative singular)
yakuzoiltasi (ablative plural)
yakuzallesi (allative singular)
yakuzoillesi (allative plural)
yakuzanasi (essive singular)
yakuzoinasi (essive plural)
yakuzaksesi (singular translative)
yakuzoiksesi (plural translative)
yakuzattasi (abessive singular)
yakuzoittasi (abessive plural)
yakuzoinesi (comitative plural)
yakuzamme (nominative singular)
yakuzamme (nominative plural)
yakuzamme (accusative nominative singular)
yakuzamme (accusative nominative plural)
yakuzamme (accusative genitive singular)
yakuzamme (accusative genitive plural)
yakuzamme (genitive singular)
yakuzoidemme (genitive plural)
yakuzoittemme (genitive plural)
yakuzojemme (genitive plural)
yakuzaimme (genitive plural rare)
yakuzaamme (partitive singular)
yakuzoitamme (partitive plural)
yakuzojamme (partitive plural)
yakuzassamme (inessive singular)
yakuzoissamme (inessive plural)
yakuzastamme (elative singular)
yakuzoistamme (elative plural)
yakuzaamme (illative singular)
yakuzoihimme (illative plural)
yakuzallamme (adessive singular)
yakuzoillamme (adessive plural)
yakuzaltamme (ablative singular)
yakuzoiltamme (ablative plural)
yakuzallemme (allative singular)
yakuzoillemme (allative plural)
yakuzanamme (essive singular)
yakuzoinamme (essive plural)
yakuzaksemme (singular translative)
yakuzoiksemme (plural translative)
yakuzattamme (abessive singular)
yakuzoittamme (abessive plural)
yakuzoinemme (comitative plural)
yakuzanne (nominative singular)
yakuzanne (nominative plural)
yakuzanne (accusative nominative singular)
yakuzanne (accusative nominative plural)
yakuzanne (accusative genitive singular)
yakuzanne (accusative genitive plural)
yakuzanne (genitive singular)
yakuzoidenne (genitive plural)
yakuzoittenne (genitive plural)
yakuzojenne (genitive plural)
yakuzainne (genitive plural rare)
yakuzaanne (partitive singular)
yakuzoitanne (partitive plural)
yakuzojanne (partitive plural)
yakuzassanne (inessive singular)
yakuzoissanne (inessive plural)
yakuzastanne (elative singular)
yakuzoistanne (elative plural)
yakuzaanne (illative singular)
yakuzoihinne (illative plural)
yakuzallanne (adessive singular)
yakuzoillanne (adessive plural)
yakuzaltanne (ablative singular)
yakuzoiltanne (ablative plural)
yakuzallenne (allative singular)
yakuzoillenne (allative plural)
yakuzananne (essive singular)
yakuzoinanne (essive plural)
yakuzaksenne (singular translative)
yakuzoiksenne (plural translative)
yakuzattanne (abessive singular)
yakuzoittanne (abessive plural)
yakuzoinenne (comitative plural)
yakuzansa (nominative singular)
yakuzansa (nominative plural)
yakuzansa (accusative nominative singular)
yakuzansa (accusative nominative plural)
yakuzansa (accusative genitive singular)
yakuzansa (accusative genitive plural)
yakuzansa (genitive singular)
yakuzoidensa (genitive plural)
yakuzoittensa (genitive plural)
yakuzojensa (genitive plural)
yakuzainsa (genitive plural rare)
yakuzaansa (partitive singular)
yakuzoitaan (partitive plural)
yakuzojaan (partitive plural)
yakuzoitansa (partitive plural)
yakuzojansa (partitive plural)
yakuzassaan (inessive singular)
yakuzassansa (inessive singular)
yakuzoissaan (inessive plural)
yakuzoissansa (inessive plural)
yakuzastaan (elative singular)
yakuzastansa (elative singular)
yakuzoistaan (elative plural)
yakuzoistansa (elative plural)
yakuzaansa (illative singular)
yakuzoihinsa (illative plural)
yakuzallaan (adessive singular)
yakuzallansa (adessive singular)
yakuzoillaan (adessive plural)
yakuzoillansa (adessive plural)
yakuzaltaan (ablative singular)
yakuzaltansa (ablative singular)
yakuzoiltaan (ablative plural)
yakuzoiltansa (ablative plural)
yakuzalleen (allative singular)
yakuzallensa (allative singular)
yakuzoilleen (allative plural)
yakuzoillensa (allative plural)
yakuzanaan (essive singular)
yakuzanansa (essive singular)
yakuzoinaan (essive plural)
yakuzoinansa (essive plural)
yakuzakseen (singular translative)
yakuzaksensa (singular translative)
yakuzoikseen (plural translative)
yakuzoiksensa (plural translative)
yakuzattaan (abessive singular)
yakuzattansa (abessive singular)
yakuzoittaan (abessive plural)
yakuzoittansa (abessive plural)
yakuzoineen (comitative plural)
yakuzoinensa (comitative plural)


yakuza

yakuza (nominative singular)
yakuzy (nominative plural)
yakuzy (genitive singular)
yakuz (genitive plural)
yakuzie (dative singular)
yakuzom (dative plural)
yakuzę (accusative singular)
yakuzy (accusative plural)
yakuzą (instrumental singular)
yakuzami (instrumental plural)
yakuzie (locative singular)
yakuzach (locative plural)
yakuzo (singular vocative)
yakuzy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English yakuza.


沖縄

ja-pos

沖(おき)縄(なわ) • (Okinawa) ^(←おきなは (Okinafa)?)

沖縄 (canonical)
Okinawa (romanization)
Okinafa (romanization)
おきなは (hiragana historical)

Battle of Okinawa
Okinawa
Okinawa Island
Okinawan language
ja:沖縄

Compound of Old Japanese elements 沖(おき) (oki, “offshore, at sea”) + 縄(なわ) (nawa, “rope”), in reference to the string of islands.

沖縄諸島

沖縄諸島 おきなわしょとう

[...] 十六日發、廿一日戊午、第一第二兩舟同至阿児奈波嶋在多禰島南西第三舟作夜已泊同處十二月六日南風起第一舟著石不動第二舟發向多禰去七日至益救嶋[...]

さつまがたとは惣名也、きかいは十二の島なれば、くち五島は日本へ随へり、おく七しまはいまだ我朝に従はずといへり、白石、、あこしき、くろ島、いわうが島、あせ納、あ世波、やくの島とて、ゑらぶ、おきなは、きかいが島といへり

the main island in the Okinawa Islands: Okinawa Island

a group of islands known as the Okinawa Islands

the southern-most Japanese prefecture: Okinawa Prefecture


沖縄

Cognate with Japanese 沖(おき)縄(なわ) (Okinawa, literally “offshore + rope”).


沖縄

mvi-head

沖縄(うきぃなー) (Uksïnā)

From Proto-Ryukyuan *okinawa. Cognate with Japanese 沖(おき)縄(なわ) (Okinawa, literally “offshore + rope”).


沖縄

→ English: Uchina, Uchinā

→ Japanese: うちなー (Uchinā)

あがまぶるたたみきよせひやくたてわやりあまみやからおきなわたけててはおもはな しねりやからみしまもりててはおもはな


沖縄

rys-head

沖縄(うきぃなー) (Ukïnā)


沖縄

沖縄(うしぃなー) (Usïnā)


沖縄

Variant with initial bilabial fricative.


origami

en-noun

origami (countable and uncountable, plural origamis)

/ˌɒɹɪˈɡɑːmɪ/

[ˌɔɹɪ̈ˈɡɑmi]

Borrowed from Japanese 折(お)り紙(がみ) (origami), from 折(お)り (ori, “to fold”) + 紙(かみ) (kami, “paper”).

(uncountable, art) The Japanese art of paper folding.

The production notes are folded like the funny origamis that I made in grammar school (only I used to write boy's names inside each section).

(countable, art) A piece of art made by folding paper.

(uncountable) The materials science technology that applies the art of origami to products.

(uncountable) The materials science that studies origami applications in various material.

(uncountable) The mathematics field that studies folding two-dimensional surfaces into three-dimensional structures, using folds and creases akin to those in the art of origami.


origami

en-verb

origami (third-person singular simple present origamis, present participle origamiing, simple past and past participle origamied)

origamis (present singular third-person)
origamiing (participle present)
origamied (participle past)
origamied (past)

/ˌɒɹɪˈɡɑːmɪ/

[ˌɔɹɪ̈ˈɡɑmi]

He snatched my serviette and swiftly origamied a swan.

(transitive) To construct by means of decorative paper folding.


origami

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 折り紙 (origami), from 折り (ori) + 紙 (kami).


origami

/ˌɔrɪˈɡaːmi/

From English origami, from Japanese 折り紙.


eno

eo-head

eno (accusative singular enon, plural enoj, accusative plural enojn)

enon (accusative singular)
enoj (plural)
enojn (accusative plural)

From Japanese 円 (en, “yen, circle”). Compare Korean 엔 (en), Chinese 円 (yuán), French yen, Russian иена (ijena).


anno

anno (accusative singular annon, plural annoj, accusative plural annojn)

annon (accusative singular)
annoj (plural)
annojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Japanese 餡 (an). The additional "n" was added to distinguish from ano.


Jap

Shortened from Japanese, attested as a noun since 1872, and adjectivally since 1878. Compare Nip (shortened from Nippon).

A soldier might grab his rifle and batter his way to the heart of some Jap position. Back home they gave him all sorts of medals but his companions dismissed him as the poor bastard who finally went Asiatic.

1951, James Albert Michener, The Voice of Asia, page 6:

(derogatory, ethnic slur) Japanese; of or pertaining to Japan or its people.


Yamato

From Japanese 大和 (Yamato), itself of uncertain derivation, but likely related to 山 (yama, “mountains”). See Proto-Japonic *yamatə.

The museum curator said that the sword originated from the Yamato period in Japan.


神社

神社 (canonical)
jinja (romanization)
zinzya (romanization)
じんじや (hiragana historical)

→ Amis: cincya

→ English: jinja

[d͡ʑĩɲ̟d͡ʑa̠]


神社

ja-noun

神(かみ)社(やしろ) or 神(かむ)社(やしろ) • (kamiyashiro or kamuyashiro)

神社 (canonical)
神社 (canonical)
kamiyashiro (romanization)
kamuyashiro (romanization)

椿大神社


Japón

→ Guaraní: Hapõ

→ Tagalog: Hapon, Sapon (obsolete)

From either Portuguese Japão or directly from Early Manila Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún) as recorded in the Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum (1626-1642), ultimately from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


judoka

pl-noun

judoka m pers (female equivalent judoczka)

judoczka (feminine)
judoka (nominative singular)
judocy (nominative plural)
judoki (genitive singular)
judoków (genitive plural)
judoce (dative singular)
judokom (dative plural)
judokę (accusative singular)
judoków (accusative plural)
judoką (instrumental singular)
judokami (instrumental plural)
judoce (locative singular)
judokach (locative plural)
judoko (singular vocative)
judocy (plural vocative)


忍者

/ʐən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐn³⁵ t͡sɛː³⁵/

/ʐən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐn³⁵ t͡sɛː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 忍者 (ninja).

obor

(historical) ninja (covert agent or mercenary in feudal Japan)


ninja

ninja (nominative singular)
ninjowie (nominative plural)
ninje (derogatory nominative plural)
ninji (genitive singular)
ninjów (genitive plural)
ninji (dative singular)
ninjom (dative plural)
ninję (accusative singular)
ninjów (accusative plural)
ninje (accusative derogatory plural)
ninją (instrumental singular)
ninjami (instrumental plural)
ninji (locative singular)
ninjach (locative plural)
ninjo (singular vocative)
ninjowie (plural vocative)
ninje (derogatory plural vocative)

Coordinate term: ninjutsu

(espionage, historical, martial arts) ninja (person trained in ninjutsu, especially one used for espionage, assassination, and other tasks requiring stealth during Japan's shogunate period)


ronin

From Japanese 浪人 (ろうにん, rōnin), from Middle Chinese 浪 (lang "wave", by extension "adrift") + 人 (ȵiɪn) (nyin "person").

Back at Asano’s home in Ako, his chancellor, Oishi (Tatsuo Ichikawa), rallies the samurai, now known as ronin because they are without a master, in a campaign to avenge Asano and restore his clan’s honor.

2022 October 24, Elisabeth Vincentelli, “‘Chushingura — 47 Ronin’ Review: A Sprawling Tale of Loyalty”, in The New York Times:

A masterless samurai (who often becomes a mercenary to make ends meet).

(colloquial, in Japan) A student who has failed the entrance examination for the high school or university of their choice: if the student does not wish to take the exam the following year or is unable to, the student becomes a ronin, assuming full responsibility for their own training and survival.


ronin

ronin (nominative singular)
ronini (nominative plural)
roninowie (nominative plural)
roniny (derogatory nominative plural)
ronina (genitive singular)
roninów (genitive plural)
roninowi (dative singular)
roninom (dative plural)
ronina (accusative singular)
roninów (accusative plural)
roninem (instrumental singular)
roninami (instrumental plural)
roninie (locative singular)
roninach (locative plural)
roninie (singular vocative)
ronini (plural vocative)
roninowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Japanese 浪人 (rōnin).


geta

Because of August he wears shorts and sandals, the Japanese geta sort called thongs.

1963 March 16, Hal Porter, “Little old lady passing by”, in The Bulletin, page 22, column 3:

The Japanese geta or wooden sandal is a superb, though little-utilized, tool for training in the martial arts.[…]The geta are flat, wooden sandals raised on vertical slats.

1982 July 24, Robert Dillon, “Geta As A Karate Training Tool”, in Black Belt, page 70:

A Japanese raised wooden clog, worn with traditional Japanese garments such as the kimono.


ญี่ปุ่น

th-proper noun

ญี่ปุ่น • (yîi-bpùn)

Semi-learned borrowing from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún, “Japan; Japanese”). Compare Hakka 日本 (Ngi̍t-pún).
Compare Lao ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ (nyī pun), Northern Thai ᨬᩦ᩵ᨸᩩ᩵ᩁ.

slbor

(ภาษา~) Japanese language.

(คน~, ชาว~) Japanese person.

ประเทศ ประเทศ#Thai


yen

From Mandarin 煙 /烟 (yān), 菸 /烟 (yān), or Cantonese 煙 /烟 (jin¹), 菸 /烟 (jin¹, “smoke, specifically opium”). Compare the earlier yen (“strong desire”) and later yen-yen.


bonsai

Unadapted borrowing from English bonsai.

bonsai (tree or plant that has been miniaturized by planting it in a small pot, restricting its roots, and by careful pruning)

bonsai (art of planting and growing trees or plants in such a manner)


geisha

Borrowed from Japanese 芸者(げいしゃ) (geisha, “artisan”), from Middle Chinese 藝 (MC ngjiejH, “art, craft”) + 者 (MC tsyaeX, “-er”).

A Japanese female entertainer skilled in various arts such as tea ceremony, dancing, singing and calligraphy.


geisha

geisha (indefinite nominative singular)
geishas (genitive indefinite singular)
geishan (definite nominative singular)
geishans (definite genitive singular)
geishor (indefinite nominative plural)
geishors (genitive indefinite plural)
geishorna (definite nominative plural)
geishornas (definite genitive plural)


seppuku

hara-kiri, seppuku (ceremonial suicide by ripping open the abdomen)


haiku

(poetry) haiku (Japanese poem in three lines, the first and last consisting of five morae, and the second consisting of seven morae, usually with an emphasis on the season or a naturalistic theme)

(poetry) haiku (three-line poem in any language, with five syllables in the first and last lines and seven syllables in the second, usually with an emphasis on the season or a naturalistic theme)


kabuki

The whole "weapons of mass destruction" concern was phony from the start, and the drama about inspections was just kabuki: going through the motions.

2005 June 12, Michael Kinsley, “No Smoking Gun”, in Washington Post:

Health care reform recently brought Kabuki to mind for both Rush Limbaugh—“what you have here is ‘Kabuki theater’”—and New York Times columnist Frank Rich: “[I]f I were to place an incautious bet on which political event will prove the most significant of February 2010, I wouldn’t choose the kabuki health care summit.”

2010 March 14, Jon Lackman, “It’s Time To Retire Kabuki: The word doesn’t mean what pundits think it does”, in Slate:

The boy tells her she will find iPhone chargers if she takes five steps back. Here the performance shifts from mere stiltedness to a kind of hateful Kabuki, an affected defiance of how people naturally act: She walks backward, counting her steps, then turns and slaps her forehead.

2020 January 29, Dan Brooks, “Comedy Written for the Machines”, in New York Times Magazine:

(by extension, US) A stylized, pretentious, and often hollow performance; (especially) political posturing.


kabuki

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 歌舞伎 (kabuki).


sen

From a syncopation of Middle English selven, selfen, variants of selfe, self. More at self.

Hear all, see all, say nowt. Eyt all, sup all, pay nowt. An if ivver tha does owt fer nowt, mek sure tha does it fer thi sen.


maki

en-noun

maki (usually uncountable, plural makis or maki)

From Japanese 巻(ま)き (maki), stem or continuative form of 巻(ま)く (maku, “to roll”).

Tightly rolled makis are designed to appeal to the eye--the negi hamachi maki, for instance, is bursting with perfectly centered yellowtail and scallions.

2001 March 2, Laura Levy Shatkin, “What's New”, in Chicago Reader:

makizushi, a form of sushi that is rolled.

maki-e

probably etymologically unrelated, although it does come from Japanese, like the sushi term...


maki

Borrowed from Japanese maki (maki), from まき, from 巻き.


大和

xug-head

大和(やまと゚ぅー) (Yamatū)

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).


大和

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with mainland Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Japan, mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawa


大和

Ufuyamatu (romanization)
うふやまとぅ (hiragana)

Alternative form of 大大和 (“Japan, Mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawan”).


karaoke

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese カラオケ (karaoke).


mon

From Japanese 文 (mon). Cognate to wen, mun and van.

The shimonsen or shimon, originally worth four mon, but debased to two mon.

1902, Walter Del Mar, Around the World Through Japan, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., page 136:

(historical) The former currency of Japan until 1870, before the yen.


saké

en-noun

saké (countable and uncountable, plural sakés)

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “rice wine”), where the final e is accented to indicate that it is pronounced where it would usually remain silent in other senses of sake, as well as to differentiate it. Likely influenced by French saké.

bor+

(alcoholic beverages) Rice wine; a drink made from filtered fermented rice.


saké

→ Romanian: sake n

→ Turkish: sake

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “rice wine”).


wapanese

Blend of white + Japanese under influence from wigger, ("white" + "nigger"), although sometimes parsed as wannabe + Japanese, popularized by the message board 4chan.

Now, I know some of you Wapanese (Caucasian Japan fanboys) might get your panties in a bunch, but it's my opinion. LIVE WITH IT.

2003 December 16, I. B. Blaqman [username], “I really hate the way Japanese media sensationalizes their so-called "superstars"”, in soc.culture.japan (Usenet):

She wasn't the best, Wapanese.

2006 February 28, Blowhole911 [username], “Re: Arakawa”, in soc.culture.japan (Usenet):

His making the greatest samurai legend in Japanese history a white guy in the middle of the closed country era pretty much sealed it that he's a Wapanese with a pen.

2007 November 5, WrestlingizReel [username], “Re: Too much Hiro in ancient Japan?”, in rec.arts.tv (Usenet):

(derogatory, ethnic slur, dated) Synonym of weeaboo: a person from elsewhere, particularly an unsocial white male, considered overly infatuated with Japanese culture.


sashimi

en-noun

sashimi (usually uncountable, plural sashimis or sashimi)

Borrowed from Japanese 刺身 (sashimi, literally “sticking into; slicing + flesh, meat”, from the way the flesh of the fish is sliced).

bor+

“I want three sashimis and one large squid tempura. And get the man another drink.” The geisha bowed.

1979, Jim Harrison, chapter 4, in Legends of the Fall, New York, N.Y.: Grove Press, published 2016, →ISBN, page 178:

A sashimi of beef—thin peppered strips seared to a point just past rawness—was served with a frothy dressing of egg whites whipped with mustard and herbs, including tarragon and chives. The two sashimis may be the only dishes I enjoyed at La Petite Chaya that are still on the menu, […]

1983 November, Caroline Bates, “Spécialités de la Maison—California: Bernard’s, The Grand House, La Petite Chaya”, in Jane Montant, editor, Gourmet: The Magazine of Good Living, volume XLIII, number 11, New York, N.Y.: Gourmet, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 90, column 2:

“Two Caesars to begin, mine with extra anchovies,” Carlsson says, “then, let’s see, Miss Preston’s a fish lover, so do the tuna and sand dab sashimi as a main for her, and I’ll have the free-range as usual.” / “One sashimi, one chicken. Very good, sir.”

1996, Michael M[ackenzie] Thomas, “Part Two: A Baker’s Dozen”, in Baker’s Dozen: A Novel, New York, N.Y.: Farrar Straus Giroux, →ISBN, section II, page 88:

A dish consisting of thin slices or pieces of raw fish or meat.

The display and garnishing of the sashimi is an important testing ground for the chef’s artistic originality. After all, the fish are raw, and beyond making sure that they are fresh and of high quality, there is little to be done about the flavor. Therefore the chef must become an artist if the sashimi are to be memorable.

1977, Thomas Hoover, “Private Zen: Flowers and Food”, in Zen Culture, New York, N.Y.: Random House, →ISBN, part III (The Rise of Popular Zen Culture: 1573 to the Present), page 221:

You will recall that, contrary to the relative appearance of the words, the sashimi are the simple raw fish slices and the sushi are the rolls of rice and raw fish.

1983 May 31, Robert Nadeau, “Restaurant: Gyuhama of Japan: Suit yourself with sushi”, in Richard M. Gaines, editor, The Boston Phoenix, volume XII, number 22, Boston, Mass.: Boston Phoenix Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, section 2, page 10, column 3:

The remarkable news is that all the sashimi were quite fresh — hard to achieve in a small restaurant.

1983 December 27, Robert Nadeau, “Restaurant: Edo Restaurant: Not Zen but simple”, in Richard M. Gaines, editor, The Boston Phoenix, volume XII, number 52, Boston, Mass.: Boston Phoenix Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, section 2, page 10, column 4:

It is customary to serve sashimi in odd numbers, which are considered lucky, and servings of five sashimi are common. Thus, the small flat dish in which the soy sauce comes is large enough, but not too large, for one sashimi at a time.

2009, Lucien Ellington, “Food as Art”, in Japan (Asia in Focus), Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, chapter 6 (Culture), “Food” section, page 294:

“Maybe I will have one of these sashimi,” I said, reaching for a slimy pink glob.

2012, Laura Levine, chapter 13, in Death of a Neighborhood Witch (A Jaine Austen Mystery; 11), New York, N.Y.: Kensington Books, →ISBN, page 119:

Nudge the photo over (using keyboard arrow keys if you like) so that the sashimi are well situated in the frame.

2020, Joyce Walsh, “Design + Software Skills 5.1: InDesign Place Image and Path Layout”, in Graphic Design Essentials: With Adobe Software, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury Visual Arts, →ISBN, chapter 5 (Layouts), page 143:

(countable, rare) A thin slice or piece of raw fish or meat.


sashimi

sashimi (nominative singular)
sashimit (nominative plural)
sashimi (accusative nominative singular)
sashimit (accusative nominative plural)
sashimin (accusative genitive singular)
sashimit (accusative genitive plural)
sashimin (genitive singular)
sashimien (genitive plural)
sashimia (partitive singular)
sashimeja (partitive plural)
sashimissa (inessive singular)
sashimeissa (inessive plural)
sashimista (elative singular)
sashimeista (elative plural)
sashimiin (illative singular)
sashimeihin (illative plural)
sashimilla (adessive singular)
sashimeilla (adessive plural)
sashimilta (ablative singular)
sashimeilta (ablative plural)
sashimille (allative singular)
sashimeille (allative plural)
sashimina (essive singular)
sashimeina (essive plural)
sashimiksi (singular translative)
sashimeiksi (plural translative)
sashimitta (abessive singular)
sashimeitta (abessive plural)
sashimein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
sashimini (nominative singular)
sashimini (nominative plural)
sashimini (accusative nominative singular)
sashimini (accusative nominative plural)
sashimini (accusative genitive singular)
sashimini (accusative genitive plural)
sashimini (genitive singular)
sashimieni (genitive plural)
sashimiani (partitive singular)
sashimejani (partitive plural)
sashimissani (inessive singular)
sashimeissani (inessive plural)
sashimistani (elative singular)
sashimeistani (elative plural)
sashimiini (illative singular)
sashimeihini (illative plural)
sashimillani (adessive singular)
sashimeillani (adessive plural)
sashimiltani (ablative singular)
sashimeiltani (ablative plural)
sashimilleni (allative singular)
sashimeilleni (allative plural)
sashiminani (essive singular)
sashimeinani (essive plural)
sashimikseni (singular translative)
sashimeikseni (plural translative)
sashimittani (abessive singular)
sashimeittani (abessive plural)
sashimeineni (comitative plural)
sashimisi (nominative singular)
sashimisi (nominative plural)
sashimisi (accusative nominative singular)
sashimisi (accusative nominative plural)
sashimisi (accusative genitive singular)
sashimisi (accusative genitive plural)
sashimisi (genitive singular)
sashimiesi (genitive plural)
sashimiasi (partitive singular)
sashimejasi (partitive plural)
sashimissasi (inessive singular)
sashimeissasi (inessive plural)
sashimistasi (elative singular)
sashimeistasi (elative plural)
sashimiisi (illative singular)
sashimeihisi (illative plural)
sashimillasi (adessive singular)
sashimeillasi (adessive plural)
sashimiltasi (ablative singular)
sashimeiltasi (ablative plural)
sashimillesi (allative singular)
sashimeillesi (allative plural)
sashiminasi (essive singular)
sashimeinasi (essive plural)
sashimiksesi (singular translative)
sashimeiksesi (plural translative)
sashimittasi (abessive singular)
sashimeittasi (abessive plural)
sashimeinesi (comitative plural)
sashimimme (nominative singular)
sashimimme (nominative plural)
sashimimme (accusative nominative singular)
sashimimme (accusative nominative plural)
sashimimme (accusative genitive singular)
sashimimme (accusative genitive plural)
sashimimme (genitive singular)
sashimiemme (genitive plural)
sashimiamme (partitive singular)
sashimejamme (partitive plural)
sashimissamme (inessive singular)
sashimeissamme (inessive plural)
sashimistamme (elative singular)
sashimeistamme (elative plural)
sashimiimme (illative singular)
sashimeihimme (illative plural)
sashimillamme (adessive singular)
sashimeillamme (adessive plural)
sashimiltamme (ablative singular)
sashimeiltamme (ablative plural)
sashimillemme (allative singular)
sashimeillemme (allative plural)
sashiminamme (essive singular)
sashimeinamme (essive plural)
sashimiksemme (singular translative)
sashimeiksemme (plural translative)
sashimittamme (abessive singular)
sashimeittamme (abessive plural)
sashimeinemme (comitative plural)
sashiminne (nominative singular)
sashiminne (nominative plural)
sashiminne (accusative nominative singular)
sashiminne (accusative nominative plural)
sashiminne (accusative genitive singular)
sashiminne (accusative genitive plural)
sashiminne (genitive singular)
sashimienne (genitive plural)
sashimianne (partitive singular)
sashimejanne (partitive plural)
sashimissanne (inessive singular)
sashimeissanne (inessive plural)
sashimistanne (elative singular)
sashimeistanne (elative plural)
sashimiinne (illative singular)
sashimeihinne (illative plural)
sashimillanne (adessive singular)
sashimeillanne (adessive plural)
sashimiltanne (ablative singular)
sashimeiltanne (ablative plural)
sashimillenne (allative singular)
sashimeillenne (allative plural)
sashiminanne (essive singular)
sashimeinanne (essive plural)
sashimiksenne (singular translative)
sashimeiksenne (plural translative)
sashimittanne (abessive singular)
sashimeittanne (abessive plural)
sashimeinenne (comitative plural)
sashiminsa (nominative singular)
sashiminsa (nominative plural)
sashiminsa (accusative nominative singular)
sashiminsa (accusative nominative plural)
sashiminsa (accusative genitive singular)
sashiminsa (accusative genitive plural)
sashiminsa (genitive singular)
sashimiensa (genitive plural)
sashimiaan (partitive singular)
sashimiansa (partitive singular)
sashimejaan (partitive plural)
sashimejansa (partitive plural)
sashimissaan (inessive singular)
sashimissansa (inessive singular)
sashimeissaan (inessive plural)
sashimeissansa (inessive plural)
sashimistaan (elative singular)
sashimistansa (elative singular)
sashimeistaan (elative plural)
sashimeistansa (elative plural)
sashimiinsa (illative singular)
sashimeihinsa (illative plural)
sashimillaan (adessive singular)
sashimillansa (adessive singular)
sashimeillaan (adessive plural)
sashimeillansa (adessive plural)
sashimiltaan (ablative singular)
sashimiltansa (ablative singular)
sashimeiltaan (ablative plural)
sashimeiltansa (ablative plural)
sashimilleen (allative singular)
sashimillensa (allative singular)
sashimeilleen (allative plural)
sashimeillensa (allative plural)
sashiminaan (essive singular)
sashiminansa (essive singular)
sashimeinaan (essive plural)
sashimeinansa (essive plural)
sashimikseen (singular translative)
sashimiksensa (singular translative)
sashimeikseen (plural translative)
sashimeiksensa (plural translative)
sashimittaan (abessive singular)
sashimittansa (abessive singular)
sashimeittaan (abessive plural)
sashimeittansa (abessive plural)
sashimeineen (comitative plural)
sashimeinensa (comitative plural)

bor

Japanese 刺身 (sashimi, literally “sticking into; slicing + flesh, meat”, from the way the flesh of the fish is sliced)


sashimi

Unadapted borrowing from English sashimi.

ubor

sashimi (dish consisting of thin slices or pieces of raw fish or meat)


sushi

en-noun

sushi (usually uncountable, plural sushis or sushi)

Borrowed from Japanese 寿司(すし) (sushi, “sushi (sour rice)”), ultimately from archaic conjugation 酸(す)し (sushi, “sour, vinegared”) of modern adjective 酸(す)い (sui, “sour, vinegared”).

For the vegetarians, she served cucumber sushi.

Not long ago a newspaper reporter came to interview me on the subject of unusual foods, and I described to him the persimmon-leaf sushi made by the people who live deep in the mountains of Yoshino—and which I shall take the opportunity to introduce to you here.

1977 [1933], 谷崎潤一郎 [Jun'ichirō Tanizaki], translated by Thomas J. Harper and Edward G. Seidensticker, In Praise of Shadows, Sedgwick, ME: Leete's Island Books, translation of 陰翳礼讃 [In'ei Raisan] (in Japanese), →ISBN, page 40:

I lived in New York all my life. We used to have Chinese restaurants, ltalian restaurants. Now you have these sushi restaurants. Everyone goes for sushi. Sushi—I hate the stuff. Although, I tell you, I had some the other day. I took it home, I cooked it, it wasn't bad. It tasted like fish.

1985, Leora Barish, Desperately Seeking Susan, spoken by Taxi Driver:

To appreciate sushi, you have to forget the tastes and textures that come with Western cuisine. At first glance (or should I say taste?), a sushi of flounder will not be that different from a sushi of sea bream. But, for the Japanese, these two sushi are as different as roast beef and roast pork are for a Westerner.

2004, Chihiro Mazui, Kazuko Masui, “Introduction”, in Sushi Secrets, London: Hachette Illustrated, →ISBN, page 12:

A Japanese dish made of small portions of sticky white rice flavored with vinegar, usually wrapped in seaweed and filled or topped with fish, vegetables or meat.


sushi

sushi (Japanese dish made of small portions of sticky white rice flavored with vinegar, usually wrapped in seaweed and filled or topped with fish, vegetables, or meat)


将軍

ja-noun

将(しょう)軍(ぐん) • (shōgun) ^(←しやうぐん (syaugun)?)

将軍 (canonical)
shōgun (romanization)
syaugun (romanization)
しやうぐん (hiragana historical)

→ Danish: shogun c

→ English: shogun

→ French: shogun m

→ Indonesian: syogun

→ Italian: shogun m

→ Polish: siogun m

→ Portuguese: xogum

/sʲaːᵑ kun/ → /ɕauɡun/ → /ɕɔːɡun/ → /ɕoːɡun/
From Middle Chinese compound 將軍 (MC tsjang kjun). Compare modern Min Nan 將軍 /将军 (chiong-kun), Eastern Min 將軍 /将军 (ciŏng-gŭng).
The “shogun” sense is originally short for 征夷大将軍 (seii taishōgun, literally “commander in chief of the expeditionary force to expel barbarians”).

*The abbreviations are only used as a typographical convention. They are pronounced the same as their full names.

(military, historical) a shogun, supreme generalissimo of feudal Japan


幕府

[ba̠kɯ̟̊ɸɯ̟]

From Middle Chinese 幕府 (MC mak pjuX). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.
Originally referred to the tents or encampment of the commanders of a military force in the field. This then extended to refer to the command structure, and then to the form of government under a shōgun.

(historical) the tents or encampment of the commanders of a military force in the field


Japon

Possibly from New Latin Japonia or French Japon or Cantonese 日本 (jat⁶ bun²).


Japon

⇒ Haitian Creole: Japon

→ Italian: Giappone

→ Khmer: ជប៉ុន (cĕəʼpon)

⇒ Lombard: Gjapon

→ Norman: Japon

→ Persian:

Iranian Persian: ژاپُن (žâpon)

⇒ Piedmontese: Giapon

→ Rade: Za pô nê (via japonais)

→ Turkish: Japon

→ Venetan: Giapòn

From Portuguese Japão, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


日本人

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/

/ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹ ʐəŋ²⁴/

/jɐt̚² puːn³⁵ jɐn²¹/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻²¹ puoŋ³³⁻²¹ nˡøyŋ⁵³/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² pun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²³/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ¹³/

/d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/

/zəʔ¹¹ pən²² n̠ʲin²³/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/

/ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹ ʐəŋ²⁴/

/jɐt̚² puːn³⁵ jɐn²¹/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻²¹ puoŋ³³⁻²¹ nˡøyŋ⁵³/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² pun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²³/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ¹³/

/d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/

/zəʔ¹¹ pən²² n̠ʲin²³/


日本人

日(に)本(ほん)人(じん) or 日(にっ)本(ぽん)人(じん) • (nihonjin or nipponjin)

日本人 (canonical)
日本人 (canonical)
nihonjin (romanization)
nipponjin (romanization)

[ɲ̟ihõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

[ɲ̟ip̚põ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]


sudoku

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 数独 (sūdoku).


Nhật Bản

[ɲət̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓaːn˧˩]

[ɲək̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓaːŋ˧˨]

[ɲək̚˨˩˨ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 日本 (“base of the sun”), from Japanese 日本 (Nippon, Nihon).

vi-etym-sino

Phan Châu Trinh Đạo đức và luân lí Đông Tây [Eastern and Western Ideas on Morality and Ethics]:
Người nước ta thường tự xưng là đồng loại, đồng đạo, đồng văn với Nhật Bản; thấy họ tiến thì nức nở khen chớ không khi nào chịu xét vì sao mà họ tiến tới như thế? Họ chỉ đóng tàu súng mà được giàu mạnh hay là họ còn trao dồi đạo đức, sửa đổi luân lý mới được như ngày nay? Ai có đọc đến lịch sử Nhật Bản mới biết Nhật Bản họ cũng bồi đắp nền đạo đức của họ lắm. Từ lúc Minh Trị duy tân cho đến 24 năm sau hạ chiếu lập hiến trong nước Nhật biết bao nhiêu người lo khuynh Mạc Phủ lo lập hiến pháp, biết bao nhiêu kẻ đổ máu rát cổ mới gây dựng nên một nước tân tiến rất giàu mạnh như bây giờ.
Folks in our country like to consider themselves as similar to the Japanese in terms of race, philosophy, culture; everyone likes to praise them when they make progress, yet no one cares to find out exactly how they make progress. Is it because they made ships and firearms that they became wealthy, or is it because they strengthened their morality, adjusted their ethics that they became what they are now? If you read up on Japan's history, you'll learn that the Japanese have really built upon their morality. From the Meiji Restoration to 24 years after the constitutional proclamation, in Japan, there were so many who were hard at work to overthrow the Shogunate, to make the Constitution, so much blood was shed to build what that is now an advanced, wealthy, powerful country.


Japanophilia

/d͡ʒəˌpænəˈfɪli.ə/

A strong interest in the country, culture, or people of Japan.


zaibatsu

Borrowed from Japanese 財閥(ざいばつ) (zaibatsu), coined from Middle Chinese 財 (d͡zoj, “wealth”) + 閥 (bjot, “powerful family”). Doublet of chaebol.

He wondered briefly what it would be like, working all your life for one zaibatsu. Company housing, company hymn, company funeral.

1984, William Gibson, Neuromancer (Sprawl; book 1), New York, N.Y.: Ace Books, →ISBN, page 37:

At other points, the film suggests the motive is financial, depicting the Kobayashi clan as staging an industrial coup of sorts, like a quirky Andersonian take on the zaibatsu (a term for the family-controlled business monopolies that dominated Japan until the end of World War II).

2018 March 31, Nina Li Coomes, “Unpacking the Fictional Japan of ‘Isle of Dogs’”, in The Atlantic:

(business, historical) A large business conglomerate founded under the Empire of Japan, generally controlled by a single family or individual.

財閥 /财阀

a Japanese conglomerate founded under the Empire of Japan


ninjutsu

Unadapted borrowing from English ninjutsu.

ubor

Coordinate term: ninja

(espionage, historical, martial arts) ninjutsu (Japanese martial art that is a collection of techniques originally practiced for Japanese espionage purposes, and includes methods of gathering information, nondetection, avoidance, and misdirection techniques)


Japani

Japani (nominative singular)
Japani (accusative nominative singular)
Japanin (accusative genitive singular)
Japanin (genitive singular)
Japania (partitive singular)
Japanissa (inessive singular)
Japanista (elative singular)
Japaniin (illative singular)
Japanilla (adessive singular)
Japanilta (ablative singular)
Japanille (allative singular)
Japanina (essive singular)
Japaniksi (singular translative)
Japanitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Japanini (nominative singular)
Japanini (accusative nominative singular)
Japanini (accusative genitive singular)
Japanini (genitive singular)
Japaniani (partitive singular)
Japanissani (inessive singular)
Japanistani (elative singular)
Japaniini (illative singular)
Japanillani (adessive singular)
Japaniltani (ablative singular)
Japanilleni (allative singular)
Japaninani (essive singular)
Japanikseni (singular translative)
Japanittani (abessive singular)
Japanisi (nominative singular)
Japanisi (accusative nominative singular)
Japanisi (accusative genitive singular)
Japanisi (genitive singular)
Japaniasi (partitive singular)
Japanissasi (inessive singular)
Japanistasi (elative singular)
Japaniisi (illative singular)
Japanillasi (adessive singular)
Japaniltasi (ablative singular)
Japanillesi (allative singular)
Japaninasi (essive singular)
Japaniksesi (singular translative)
Japanittasi (abessive singular)
Japanimme (nominative singular)
Japanimme (accusative nominative singular)
Japanimme (accusative genitive singular)
Japanimme (genitive singular)
Japaniamme (partitive singular)
Japanissamme (inessive singular)
Japanistamme (elative singular)
Japaniimme (illative singular)
Japanillamme (adessive singular)
Japaniltamme (ablative singular)
Japanillemme (allative singular)
Japaninamme (essive singular)
Japaniksemme (singular translative)
Japanittamme (abessive singular)
Japaninne (nominative singular)
Japaninne (accusative nominative singular)
Japaninne (accusative genitive singular)
Japaninne (genitive singular)
Japanianne (partitive singular)
Japanissanne (inessive singular)
Japanistanne (elative singular)
Japaniinne (illative singular)
Japanillanne (adessive singular)
Japaniltanne (ablative singular)
Japanillenne (allative singular)
Japaninanne (essive singular)
Japaniksenne (singular translative)
Japanittanne (abessive singular)
Japaninsa (nominative singular)
Japaninsa (accusative nominative singular)
Japaninsa (accusative genitive singular)
Japaninsa (genitive singular)
Japaniaan (partitive singular)
Japaniansa (partitive singular)
Japanissaan (inessive singular)
Japanissansa (inessive singular)
Japanistaan (elative singular)
Japanistansa (elative singular)
Japaniinsa (illative singular)
Japanillaan (adessive singular)
Japanillansa (adessive singular)
Japaniltaan (ablative singular)
Japaniltansa (ablative singular)
Japanilleen (allative singular)
Japanillensa (allative singular)
Japaninaan (essive singular)
Japaninansa (essive singular)
Japanikseen (singular translative)
Japaniksensa (singular translative)
Japanittaan (abessive singular)
Japanittansa (abessive singular)

From possibly German Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún). See English Japan for further etymology.


Japonais

fr-noun

Japonais m (plural Japonais, feminine Japonaise)

resident or native of Japan; Japanese person (male or of unspecified gender)


Sashimi

de-noun

Sashimi n (strong, genitive Sashimis, plural Sashimis)

Sashimis (genitive)
Sashimis (plural)
Sashimi (nominative singular)
Sashimis (definite nominative plural)
Sashimis (genitive singular)
Sashimis (definite genitive plural)
Sashimi (dative singular)
Sashimis (dative definite plural)
Sashimi (accusative singular)
Sashimis (accusative definite plural)


Tenno

Tenno m (strong, genitive Tennos or Tenno, plural Tennos)

Tennos (genitive)
Tenno (genitive)
Tennos (plural)
Tenno (nominative singular)
Tennos (definite nominative plural)
Tennos (genitive singular)
Tenno (genitive singular)
Tennos (definite genitive plural)
Tenno (dative singular)
Tennos (dative definite plural)
Tenno (accusative singular)
Tennos (accusative definite plural)

Borrowed from Japanese 天皇(てんのう) (tennō), from Middle Chinese 天皇 (tʰen ɦwɑŋ) with the original sense of “heavenly sovereign”.


Japonska

Japọ̑nska (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Japónska (nominative singular)
Japónske (genitive singular)
Japónski (dative singular)
Japónsko (accusative singular)
Japónski (locative singular)
Japónsko (instrumental singular)

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia; capital: Tokyo)


Japonya

Japonya (nominative singular)
Japonyalar (nominative plural)
Japonya'lar (nominative plural)
Japonya'yı (accusative singular)
Japonyaları (accusative plural)
Japonya'ları (accusative plural)
Japonya'ya (dative singular)
Japonyalara (dative plural)
Japonya'lara (dative plural)
Japonya'da (locative singular)
Japonyalarda (locative plural)
Japonya'larda (locative plural)
Japonya'dan (ablative singular)
Japonyalardan (ablative plural)
Japonya'lardan (ablative plural)
Japonya'nın (genitive singular)
Japonyaların (genitive plural)
Japonya'ların (genitive plural)
Japonya'm (first-person singular)
Japonyalarım (first-person singular)
Japonya'larım (first-person singular)
Japonya'n (second-person singular)
Japonyaların (second-person singular)
Japonya'ların (second-person singular)
Japonya'sı (singular third-person)
Japonyaları (singular third-person)
Japonya'ları (singular third-person)
Japonya'mız (first-person plural)
Japonyalarımız (first-person plural)
Japonya'larımız (first-person plural)
Japonya'nız (plural second-person)
Japonyalarınız (plural second-person)
Japonya'larınız (plural second-person)
Japonya'sı (plural third-person)
Japonyaları (plural third-person)
Japonya'ları (plural third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish یاپونیا (Yaponya), from French Japon.


JP

(international standards) ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code for Japan.


Япония

Yaponiya (romanization)
Япония (absolute singular-only)
Японияның (definite genitive singular-only)
Япония (dative singular-only)
Японияны (accusative definite singular-only)
Японияла (locative singular-only)
Япониянан (ablative singular-only)

From Russian Япо́ния (Japónija, “Japan”).

Был осорҙа АҠШ Япония менән мөнәсәбәтен нығытыуға баҫым яһай ине.

During this period, the USA placed emphasis on strengthening its relationship with Japan.

Bıl osorźa AQŞ Yaponiya menən mönəsəbəten nığıtıwğa baśım yahay ine.

1938 йылда Мөхәммәт Ҡорбанғәлиев Токиола "Исламиә" мәсетен асып, Японияның тәүге мөфтийе була.
1938 yılda Möxəmmət Qorbanğəliyev Tokiola "İslamiə" məseten asıp, Yaponiyanıñ təwge möftiye bula.
In 1938, Muhammed Kurbangaliev opened the mosque "Islamiya" in Tokyo and became Japan’s first Mufti.

Рәсәйҙә медицинаның нигеҙҙә дәүләттеке булыуын беләбеҙ; Японияла, киреһенсә, шәхси клиникалар күп.

We know that healthcare in Russia is essentially state-owned; in Japan, on the contrary, there are many private clinics.

Rəsəyźə meditsinanıñ nigeźźə dəwlətteke bulıwın beləbeź; Yaponiyala, kirehensə, şəxsi klinikalar küp.


Япония

bg-proper noun

Япо́ния • (Japónija) f (relational adjective япо́нски)

Япо́ния (canonical)
Japónija (romanization)
япо́нски (adjective relational)
Япо́ния (indefinite singular)
Япо́нийо (singular vocative)


Япония

ru-proper noun+

Япо́ния • (Japónija) f inan (genitive Япо́нии)

Япо́ния (canonical)
Japónija (romanization)
Япо́нии (genitive)
Япо́ния (nominative singular)
Япо́нии (genitive singular)
Япо́нии (dative singular)
Япо́нию (accusative singular)
Япо́нией (instrumental singular)
Япо́ниею (instrumental singular)
Япо́нии (prepositional singular)

→ Armenian: Յապոնիա (Yaponia)

→ Azerbaijani: Yaponiya

→ Bashkir: Япония (Yaponiya)

→ Gagauz: Yaponiya

→ Georgian: იაპონია (iaṗonia)

→ Kazakh: Жапония (Japoniä)

→ Kyrgyz: Жапония (Japoniya)

→ Mongolian: Япон (Japon)

→ Turkmen: Ýaponiýa

→ Uzbek: Yaponiya

Borrowed from Latin Japonia. By surface analysis, япо́н (japón) + -ия (-ija).


unagi

Borrowed from Japanese 鰻 (unagi, “eel”).

A type of sushi made from freshwater eel.


Japán

Japán (nominative singular)
Japánok (nominative plural)
Japánt (accusative singular)
Japánokat (accusative plural)
Japánnak (dative singular)
Japánoknak (dative plural)
Japánnal (instrumental singular)
Japánokkal (instrumental plural)
Japánért (causal-final singular)
Japánokért (causal-final plural)
Japánná (singular translative)
Japánokká (plural translative)
Japánig (singular terminative)
Japánokig (plural terminative)
Japánként (essive-formal singular)
Japánokként (essive-formal plural)
Japánban (inessive singular)
Japánokban (inessive plural)
Japánon (singular superessive)
Japánokon (plural superessive)
Japánnál (adessive singular)
Japánoknál (adessive plural)
Japánba (illative singular)
Japánokba (illative plural)
Japánra (singular sublative)
Japánokra (plural sublative)
Japánhoz (allative singular)
Japánokhoz (allative plural)
Japánból (elative singular)
Japánokból (elative plural)
Japánról (delative singular)
Japánokról (delative plural)
Japántól (ablative singular)
Japánoktól (ablative plural)
Japáné (singular)
Japánoké (plural)
Japánéi (singular)
Japánokéi (plural)
Japánom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Japánjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Japánod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Japánjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Japánja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Japánjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Japánunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Japánjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Japánotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Japánjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Japánjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Japánjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Internationalism, possibly from German Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, ultimately from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún).

Japan (a country and island state located in East Asia, in the Pacific Ocean, to the east of China, Korea and Russia)


Japão

desctree

→ English: Japan, Giapan (obsolete), Japonia (obsolete), Japon (obsolete)
> Tok Pisin: Siapan (inherited)
→ Bengali: জাপান (japan)
→ Burmese: ဂျပန် (gya.pan)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: जापान (jāpān)
→ Dhivehi: ޖާފާނު (jāfānu)
Urdu: جاپان (jāpān)
→ Irish: Seapáin
→ Marathi: जपान (japān)
→ Marshallese: Jepaan
→ Persian:
Dari: جَاپَان (jāpān)
⇒ Samoan: Iapani
→ Tamil: ஜப்பான் (jappāṉ)
→ Telugu: జపాను (japānu)
→ Welsh: Japan
→ Welsh: Siapan
→ Yoruba: Jèpáànì

→ French: Japon
⇒ Haitian Creole: Japon
→ Italian: Giappone
→ Khmer: ជប៉ុន (cĕəʼpon)
⇒ Lombard: Gjapon
→ Norman: Japon
→ Persian:
Iranian Persian: ژاپُن (žâpon)
⇒ Piedmontese: Giapon
→ Rade: Za pô nê (via japonais)
→ Turkish: Japon
→ Venetan: Giapòn

→ Hunsrik: Schapong

→ Latin: Iaponia, Iappōnia, Japonia (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: Japón
→ Guaraní: Hapõ
→ Tagalog: Hapon, Sapon (obsolete)

From Malay Jepang / Jepun, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).
With obsolete forms with /j/ initials such as Iapam, possibly influenced by Cantonese 日本 (jat⁶ bun²), also from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

der

Japan (an archipelago and country off the eastern coast of Asia)


Japonia

/d͡ʒæˈpəʊniə/

From New Latin Japonia, also spelled Iaponia, through Japon + -ia.

In Japonia, 'tis a common thing to stifle their children if they be poor, or to make an abort, which Aristotle commends.

1621, Robert Burton, The Anatomy of Melancholy, I.2.4.VI:

THE Tyrants of Japonia invented a ſtrange Torment for thoſe who confeſſed Chriſt

1702, Jeremy Taylor, Contemplations of the State of Man in this Life, And in That which is to come, 6th edition, page 193:


Japonia

Borrowed from Latin Iaponia. Decision no. 1354, Progreso VII.


Japonia

Japonia (nominative singular)
Japonie (nominative plural)
Japonii (genitive singular)
Japonii (genitive plural)
Japonii (dative singular)
Japoniom (dative plural)
Japonię (accusative singular)
Japonie (accusative plural)
Japonią (instrumental singular)
Japoniami (instrumental plural)
Japonii (locative singular)
Japoniach (locative plural)
Japonio (singular vocative)
Japonie (plural vocative)


Japonija

Japònija (canonical feminine)
Japonija (nominative)
Japonijos (genitive)
Japonijai (dative)
Japoniją (accusative)
Japonija (instrumental)
Japonijoje (locative)
Japonija (vocative)


Japāna

Japāna (nominative singular)
Japānas (genitive singular)
Japānai (dative singular)
Japānu (accusative singular)
Japānu (instrumental singular)
Japānā (locative singular)
Japāna (singular vocative)

Possibly from German Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”), same etymon as Japanese 日本 (Nippon / Nihon), made, like most other country names, into a feminine 4th-declension noun.

Japānas karogs

Japānas vēsture

Japāna ir unitāra konstitucionāla monarhija

Japan is a unitary constitutional monarchy

Japan (an island country in Far East, Asia; capital: Tokyo)


jen

jenek (plural)
jen (nominative singular)
jenek (nominative plural)
jent (accusative singular)
jeneket (accusative plural)
jennek (dative singular)
jeneknek (dative plural)
jennel (instrumental singular)
jenekkel (instrumental plural)
jenért (causal-final singular)
jenekért (causal-final plural)
jenné (singular translative)
jenekké (plural translative)
jenig (singular terminative)
jenekig (plural terminative)
jenként (essive-formal singular)
jenekként (essive-formal plural)
jenben (inessive singular)
jenekben (inessive plural)
jenen (singular superessive)
jeneken (plural superessive)
jennél (adessive singular)
jeneknél (adessive plural)
jenbe (illative singular)
jenekbe (illative plural)
jenre (singular sublative)
jenekre (plural sublative)
jenhez (allative singular)
jenekhez (allative plural)
jenből (elative singular)
jenekből (elative plural)
jenről (delative singular)
jenekről (delative plural)
jentől (ablative singular)
jenektől (ablative plural)
jené (singular)
jeneké (plural)
jenéi (singular)
jenekéi (plural)
jenem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
jenjeim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
jened (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
jenjeid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
jenje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
jenjei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
jenünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
jenjeink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
jenetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
jenjeitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
jenjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
jenjeik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


ramen

ramen (nominative singular)
rameny (nominative plural)
ramenu (genitive singular)
ramenów (genitive plural)
ramenowi (dative singular)
ramenom (dative plural)
ramen (accusative singular)
rameny (accusative plural)
ramenem (instrumental singular)
ramenami (instrumental plural)
ramenie (locative singular)
ramenach (locative plural)
ramenie (singular vocative)
rameny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Japanese ラーメン (rāmen), from Mandarin 拉麵 /拉面 (lāmiàn, “pulled noodles”).


Токио

bg-proper noun

То́кио • (Tókio) n (relational adjective токи́йски)

То́кио (canonical)
Tókio (romanization)
токи́йски (adjective relational)
То́кио (indefinite singular)

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


Токио

Tokio (romanization)
توكئو (Arabic)
Токио (nominative singular)
Токионун (genitive singular)
Токиого (dative singular)
Токиону (accusative singular)
Токиодо (locative singular)
Токиодон (ablative singular)
Токиом (first-person nominative singular)
Токиомдун (first-person genitive singular)
Токиома (dative first-person singular)
Токиомду (accusative first-person singular)
Токиомда (first-person locative singular)
Токиомдан (ablative first-person singular)
Токиоң (informal nominative second-person singular)
Токиоңдун (genitive informal second-person singular)
Токиоңа (dative informal second-person singular)
Токиоңду (accusative informal second-person singular)
Токиоңда (informal locative second-person singular)
Токиоңдан (ablative informal second-person singular)
Токиоңуз (formal nominative second-person singular)
Токиоңуздун (formal genitive second-person singular)
Токиоңузга (dative formal second-person singular)
Токиоңузду (accusative formal second-person singular)
Токиоңузда (formal locative second-person singular)
Токиоңуздан (ablative formal second-person singular)


Токио

mk-proper noun

Токио • (Tokio) n (relational adjective токиски)

Tokio (romanization)
токиски (adjective relational)


Токио

ru-proper noun

То́кио • (Tókio) m inan (indeclinable, relational adjective токи́йский)

То́кио (canonical)
Tókio (romanization)
токи́йский (adjective relational)

Borrowed from Japanese 東京(とうきょう) (Tōkyō).

ja-r

東京(とうきょう) (Tōkyō)


Токио

То̏кио (canonical masculine)
Tȍkio (romanization)
То̏кио (nominative singular)
То̏кија (genitive singular)
Токију (dative singular)
Токио (accusative singular)
Токио (singular vocative)
Токију (locative singular)
Токиом (instrumental singular)


Tokio

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”).

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital and largest city of Japan)


Tokio

cs-proper noun

Tokio n (relational adjective tokijský, demonym Tokijan or Tokijec)

tokijský (adjective relational)
Tokijan (demonym)
Tokijec (demonym)
Tokio (nominative singular)
Tokia (genitive singular)
Tokiu (dative singular)
Tokio (accusative singular)
Tokio (singular vocative)
Tokiu (locative singular)
Tokiem (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”), from Middle Chinese 東京 (tuŋ kˠiæŋ, literally “eastern capital”).


Tokio

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”). First attested in the 1870s.


Tokio

Tokio (nominative singular)
Tokio (accusative nominative singular)
Tokion (accusative genitive singular)
Tokion (genitive singular)
Tokiota (partitive singular)
Tokiossa (inessive singular)
Tokiosta (elative singular)
Tokioon (illative singular)
Tokiolla (adessive singular)
Tokiolta (ablative singular)
Tokiolle (allative singular)
Tokiona (essive singular)
Tokioksi (singular translative)
Tokiotta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Tokioni (nominative singular)
Tokioni (accusative nominative singular)
Tokioni (accusative genitive singular)
Tokioni (genitive singular)
Tokiotani (partitive singular)
Tokiossani (inessive singular)
Tokiostani (elative singular)
Tokiooni (illative singular)
Tokiollani (adessive singular)
Tokioltani (ablative singular)
Tokiolleni (allative singular)
Tokionani (essive singular)
Tokiokseni (singular translative)
Tokiottani (abessive singular)
Tokiosi (nominative singular)
Tokiosi (accusative nominative singular)
Tokiosi (accusative genitive singular)
Tokiosi (genitive singular)
Tokiotasi (partitive singular)
Tokiossasi (inessive singular)
Tokiostasi (elative singular)
Tokioosi (illative singular)
Tokiollasi (adessive singular)
Tokioltasi (ablative singular)
Tokiollesi (allative singular)
Tokionasi (essive singular)
Tokioksesi (singular translative)
Tokiottasi (abessive singular)
Tokiomme (nominative singular)
Tokiomme (accusative nominative singular)
Tokiomme (accusative genitive singular)
Tokiomme (genitive singular)
Tokiotamme (partitive singular)
Tokiossamme (inessive singular)
Tokiostamme (elative singular)
Tokioomme (illative singular)
Tokiollamme (adessive singular)
Tokioltamme (ablative singular)
Tokiollemme (allative singular)
Tokionamme (essive singular)
Tokioksemme (singular translative)
Tokiottamme (abessive singular)
Tokionne (nominative singular)
Tokionne (accusative nominative singular)
Tokionne (accusative genitive singular)
Tokionne (genitive singular)
Tokiotanne (partitive singular)
Tokiossanne (inessive singular)
Tokiostanne (elative singular)
Tokioonne (illative singular)
Tokiollanne (adessive singular)
Tokioltanne (ablative singular)
Tokiollenne (allative singular)
Tokionanne (essive singular)
Tokioksenne (singular translative)
Tokiottanne (abessive singular)
Tokionsa (nominative singular)
Tokionsa (accusative nominative singular)
Tokionsa (accusative genitive singular)
Tokionsa (genitive singular)
Tokiotaan (partitive singular)
Tokiotansa (partitive singular)
Tokiossaan (inessive singular)
Tokiossansa (inessive singular)
Tokiostaan (elative singular)
Tokiostansa (elative singular)
Tokioonsa (illative singular)
Tokiollaan (adessive singular)
Tokiollansa (adessive singular)
Tokioltaan (ablative singular)
Tokioltansa (ablative singular)
Tokiolleen (allative singular)
Tokiollensa (allative singular)
Tokionaan (essive singular)
Tokionansa (essive singular)
Tokiokseen (singular translative)
Tokioksensa (singular translative)
Tokiottaan (abessive singular)
Tokiottansa (abessive singular)


Tokio

de-proper noun

Tokio n (proper noun, genitive Tokios or (optionally with an article) Tokio)

Tokios (genitive)
Tokio (genitive with-article)


Tokio

(New Latin) Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital and largest city of Japan)


Tokio

pl-prop

Tokio n (indeclinable, related adjective tokijski)

Tokyo (the capital and largest city of Japan)

Tokyo (the capital and largest city of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


Tokio

Tȍkio (canonical masculine)
То̏кио (Cyrillic)
Tȍkio (nominative singular)
Tȍkija (genitive singular)
Tokiju (dative singular)
Tokio (accusative singular)
Tokio (singular vocative)
Tokiju (locative singular)
Tokiom (instrumental singular)


Tokio

sk-proper noun

Tokio n (relational adjective tokijský, demonym Tokijčan, female demonym Tokijčanka)

tokijský (adjective relational)
Tokijčan (demonym)
Tokijčanka (demonym feminine)
Tokio (nominative singular-only)
Tokia (genitive singular-only)
Tokiu (dative singular-only)
Tokio (accusative singular-only)
Tokiu (locative singular-only)
Tokiom (instrumental singular-only)


寿司

Daijirin Daijisen Shōgakukan Sushi Tōkyō ja:寿司 ja:松村明

From 酸し (sushi, “sour”), the archaic し (shi) terminal-form conjugation of modern 酸い (sui, “sour”).
Originally, sushi was a form of fish that had been salted and fermented for preservation without refrigeration. The fish was sometimes packed with rice or rice mixed with vinegar in order to speed the fermentation process. In the Edo period, this was also known as hayazushi (早鮨, 早鮓) when packed in layers, pressed, and fermented for just one night. Something similar is still prepared today as narezushi (馴鮨, 熟鮨) that relies on fermentation with no added vinegar.
The kanji are an example of ateji (当て字).

sushi: vinegared rice served with fish or vegetables, etc.

押し寿司

soft-pressed sushi topped with ingredients