tarn

From Middle English terne, tarne (“lake; pond, pool”), from Old Norse tjǫrn (“a small lake without tributaries”), from Proto-Germanic *ternō (“water hole”), perhaps related to *turnaz (“bitter, embittered”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to separate, split; to crack, shatter”). The word is cognate with Danish tjern, Faroese tjørn (“pond”), Icelandic tjörn (“pond”), Norwegian Bokmål tjern (“small forest or mountain lake”) (Norwegian Nynorsk tjern, tjørn), Swedish tjärn (“small forest lake”).

cog

Thou Wind, that ravest without, / Bare craig, or mountain-tairn, or blasted tree, / Or pine-grove whither woodman never clomb, / Or lonely house, long held the witches' home, / Methinks were fitter instruments for thee, / Mad Lutanist! [footnote: Tairn is a small lake, generally if not always applied to the lakes up in the mountains, and which are the feeders of those in the valleys.[…]]

1802 October 4, S[amuel] T[aylor] Coleridge, “Dejection: An Ode”, in The Morning Post; republished in Henry Nelson Coleridge, editor, The Poetical Works of S. T. Coleridge, volume I (Juvenile Poems; Sibylline Leaves), London: William Pickering, 1834, →OCLC, stanza VII, page 239:

It was possible, I reflected, that a mere different arrangement of the particulars of the scene [of the House of Usher], of the details of the picture, would be sufficient to modify, or perhaps to annihilate its capacity for sorrowful impression; and, acting upon this idea, I reined my horse to the precipitous brink of a black and lurid tarn that lay in unruffled lustre by the dwelling, and gazed down—but with a shudder even more thrilling than before—upon the re-modelled and inverted images of the gray sedge, and the ghastly tree-stems, and the vacant and eye-like windows.

1839 September, Edgar A[llan] Poe, “The Fall of the House of Usher”, in William E[vans] Burton and Edgar A. Poe, editors, Burton’s Gentleman’s Magazine, and American Monthly Review, volume V, number III, Philadelphia, Pa.: William E. Burton, […], →OCLC, page 145:

Tarns are found in some of the vales, and are numerous upon the mountains. A Tarn, in a Vale, implies, for the most part, that the bed of the vale is not happily formed; that the water of the brooks can neither wholly escape, nor diffuse itself over a large area. Accordingly, in such situtions, Tarns are often surrounded by an unsightly tract of boggy ground; but this is not always the case, […]

1853, [William] Wordsworth, [Adam] Sedgwick, “Description of the Scenery of the Lakes”, in John Hudson, editor, A Complete Guide to the Lakes, Comprising Minute Directions for the Tourist; with Mr. Wordsworth’s Description of the Scenery of the Country, etc.: And Five Letters on the Geology of the Lake District, by the Rev. Professor Sedgwick, 4th edition, Kendal, Cumbria: Published by John Hudson; London: Longman and Co., and Whittaker and Co.; Liverpool: Webb, Castle-St.; Manchester: Simms and Co., →OCLC, section first (View of the Country as Formed by Nature), page 125:

In another story the remarkable mystery of the umbrella lost at the shores of a tarn and retrieved at the seaside is explained by the underground communication between the two.

1976, Linda Dégh, Andrew Vázsonyi, “Legend and Belief”, in Dan Ben-Amos, editor, Folklore Genres (Publications of the American Folklore Society, Bibliographical and Special Series; 26), Austin, Tex., London: University of Texas Press, →ISBN, part 2 (The Ethnography of Folklore Genres), page 114:

(Northern England) A small mountain lake, especially in Northern England.

tjørn (tjenn, tjønn, unofficial spellings)


slough

en-verb

slough (third-person singular simple present sloughs, present participle sloughing, simple past and past participle sloughed)

sloughs (present singular third-person)
sloughing (participle present)
sloughed (participle past)
sloughed (past)
sluff (alternative)

From Middle English slogh, slugh, slouh, from Proto-Germanic *sluk-, perhaps related to *sleupaną (“to slip, sneak”) (compare Gothic 𐍃𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (sliupan)).
Akin to Middle Low German slô (“sheath, skin on a hoof”). Perhaps also related with Old Saxon slūk (“snakeskin”), Middle High German slūch, whence German Schlauch (“waterskin, hose”).

cog

This skin is being sloughed.

Snakes slough their skin periodically.

When Harper came back into the infirmary of the Hyperion, Alec was laboriously trying to pull on his pants. His burned skin had healed over the intervening day, the damaged layer sloughed off and quickly replaced thanks to SAM’s efforts, but the buildup of waste products in Alec’s body from the accelerated healing had left him with sore muscles and achy joints.

2017 November, N. K. Jemisin, Mac Walters, chapter 16, in Mass Effect Andromeda: Initiation, 1st edition (Science Fiction), Titan Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 293:

(transitive) To shed skin or outer layers.

A week after he was burned, a layer of skin on his arm sloughed off.

The mud sloughed off her palms easily […]

2013, Casey Watson, Mummy’s Little Helper: The heartrending true story of a young girl:

1944 United States. Bureau of Mines · War Minerals Report 386. Google books
The adit penetrated the vug ... and at this level ... it was filled with material that had ... sloughed off the walls.

An avalanche sloughing off a Utah mountainside killed a state Department of Transportation avalanche forecaster while he was surveying snow levels near a popular winter recreation area, authorities reported.

2013 April 13, Michael Mello, “Avalanche forecaster killed in Utah avalanche”, in Los Angeles Times:

(intransitive) To slide off or flake off, as an outer layer, such as skin, might do.


slough

Maxwell Township, Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota

sloughs (plural)
slue (alternative)
slew (alternative)

From Middle English slough (“muddy place; swamp; mire”), Old English slōh, probably from Proto-Germanic *slōhaz.

inh

We paddled under a canopy of trees through the slough.

At that time I had no staff officer who could be trusted with that duty. In the woods, at a short distance below the clearing, I found a depression, dry at the time, but which at high water became a slough or bayou.

1886, Ulysses S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant, volume 2:

(Eastern US) A type of swamp or shallow lake system, typically formed as or by the backwater of a larger waterway, similar to a bayou with trees.


mor

morioù (plural)
mor (singular unmutated)
vor (mutation-soft singular)
morioù (plural unmutated)
vorioù (mutation-soft plural)

From Middle Breton and Old Breton mor, from Proto-Brythonic *mor, from Proto-Celtic *mori, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

Mor-Bihan

small sea; Department in Brittany, meaning


mor

From Middle Cornish and Old Cornish mor, from Proto-Brythonic *mor, from Proto-Celtic *mori, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.


piscine

From Latin piscīna (“fishpond; swimming pool”), from piscis (“fish”), from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.


stretto

it-adj

stretto (feminine stretta, masculine plural stretti, feminine plural strette, superlative strettissimo)

stretta (feminine)
stretti (masculine plural)
strette (feminine plural)
strettissimo (superlative)

From Latin strictus, perfect passive participle of stringō.


Ionian Sea

A sea in the central and east central part of the Mediterranean.


Columbia

From Columbus + -ia, the Latinized name of the European explorer, Christopher Columbus. Piecewise doublet of Colombia.

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

A river in British Columbia, Canada and in Washington and Oregon, United States, flowing from the Canadian Rockies to the Pacific Ocean.


Москва

ru-proper noun+

Москва́ • (Moskvá) f inan (genitive Москвы́, relational adjective моско́вский)

Москва́ (canonical)
Moskvá (romanization)
Москвы́ (genitive)
моско́вский (adjective relational)
Москва́ (nominative singular)
Москвы́ (genitive singular)
Москве́ (dative singular)
Москву́ (accusative singular)
Москво́й (instrumental singular)
Москво́ю (instrumental singular)
Москве́ (prepositional singular)
Москва́ (dated nominative singular)
Москвы́ (dated genitive singular)
Москвѣ́ (dated dative singular)
Москву́ (accusative dated singular)
Москво́й (dated instrumental singular)
Москво́ю (dated instrumental singular)
Москвѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
МСК (alternative)

→ Armenian: Մոսկվա (Moskva)

→ Azerbaijani: Moskva

→ Belarusian: Масква (Maskva)

→ Czech: Moskva

Czech: moskva (“rye bread”) (uncommon)

→ Dungan: Москва (Moskva)

→ Greek: Μόσχα (Móscha)

→ Hebrew: מוסקבה (moskvá)

→ Hungarian: Moszkva

→ Ingrian: Moskova

→ Italian: Mosca

→ Japanese: モスクワ (Mosukuwa)

→ Karaim: Москва (Moskva)

→ Korean: 모스크바 (moseukeuba)

→ Kyrgyz: Москва (Moskva)

→ Latvian: Maskava

→ Lithuanian: Maskva

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Moskva

→ Polish: Moskwa

→ Romanian: Moscova

→ Slovak: Moskva

→ Vietnamese: Mát-xcơ-va

→ Yiddish: מאָסקווע (moskve)

Inherited from Old East Slavic *Москꙑ (*Mosky), originally referring to the river, probably from Proto-Slavic *mosky of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Czech moskva (“raw bread”), Slovak mozga (“puddle”), Polish Mozgawa, and more distantly Lithuanian mazgóti (“to wash, rinse”), Sanskrit मज्जति (májjati, “to sink”), Latin mergō (“to dive”). Doublet of Моско́вия (Moskóvija).

inh+

Москва́ впада́ет в Оку́ у го́рода Коло́мна. ― Moskvá vpadájet v Okú u góroda Kolómna. ― The Moskva flows into the Oka River near the town of Kolomna.


Lynn

A river in Ontario, flowing from the town of Simcoe into Lake Erie.


Vrbas

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English


Huang He

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 黃河 /黄河 (Huáng Hé, literally “Yellow River”).

uder

Huang Ho (alternative)
Hwang Ho (alternative)
Hoamho (alternative)

Temüjin was about 66 years old. His hair and beard had long since turned white. He had come to lay siege to Ningxia (now called Yinchuan), the fortified capital of the Minyak empire of the Xixia, against whom he had been waging war for over a year, and he had retreated to the other side of the Yellow River (Huang He), not far from the Great Wall, on high ground, a place where he could find some refreshment, for he was already aware that it would not be long before he entered the realm of his brave ancestors.

1990, Michel Hoang, translated by Ingrid Cranfield, Genghis Khan, Saqi Books, →ISBN, page 20:

Synonym of Yellow River: the Mandarin Chinese-derived name.


Huang He

Yellow River, Huang He (a river in northern China)


Huang He

Yellow River (a river in northern China)


Yellow Sea

Calque from Chinese 黃海／黄海 (literally “yellow (color) sea”).

The extent of the great gulph called Whang Hay, or the Yellow Sea, being at preſent unknown, it may be left to the Commander’s diſcretion, to proceed up it as far as he may think proper: he muſt be cautious, however, not to entangle himſelf in it too far, left he ſhould not have ſufficient time left for the proſecution of the remainder of his voyage.

1784, James Cook, James King, Cook's Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, volume IV, London: John Stockdale, page 248:

For centuries, travelers from Asia Minor, Europe and later America prized the carpets woven in Tientsin, a Yellow Sea port in North China.

1973 July 1, “Art of Tientsin rugs revived”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 25, Taipei, page 2:

It was New Year's Eve, and the eighteen American officials who had hurriedly gathered in the State Department Operations Room on 31 December 1970, were still sharply divided after four hours of discussion.¹ The issue was what, if anything, the Seventh Fleet should do in the event of Chinese naval action against the U.S. seismic survey vessels then beginning to explore for oil in disputed waters of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Strait, and the Yellow Sea.

1977, Selig S. Harrison, China, Oil and Asia: Conflict Ahead?, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 1:

The combined East China Sea and Yellow Sea (ECS/YS) covers roughly 1,250,000 km² and is one of the most developed continental shelf areas in the world (Yanagi and Takahashi, 1993). While the Yellow Sea (YS) covers a relatively large area, it is quite shallow reaching a maximum depth of about 140 m (Figure 1). The water depth over most of the area is less than 50 m.

1998, Akira Kuninaka, AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS AND WATER MASS STRUCTURE OF THE EAST CHINA SEA AND YELLOW SEA, Naval Postgraduate School, page 1:

An arm of the Pacific Ocean between mainland China and the Korean peninsula.


carr

From Middle English kerr and Middle English carr meaning meadow, field or grassland of a low lying variety, itself from Old English carr; possibly related to Old Norse kjarr. Compare Swedish kärr, Icelandic kjarr.

The marsh lands or ‘carrs’ that covered the low-lying floor of the vale could not be cultivated and the poorly drained flanks of the vale would be best used as pasture.

2007, Kevin Leahy, The Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Lindsey, Tempus, published 2008, page 16:

The old tales told of these noble animals sighted padding across clodded fields or circling shrinking copses. Stalking the choking carrs.

2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 155:

In particular, a marsh or fen formed when the litter of decaying reeds (e.g. in a lake) raises the ground level above the water, allowing more vegetation like sedges and then low bushes or trees to grow; a marshy woodland. (Compare marsh, swamp, bog, fen.)


carr

Archaic form of car (“wheeled vehicle”).


bocht

nl-noun

bocht f or m (plural bochten, diminutive bochtje n)

bochten (plural)
bochtje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: boktu

→ Papiamentu: bògt

→ Sranan Tongo: boktu

→ Aukan: bokutu

→ Caribbean Javanese: boktu

From Middle Dutch bocht, from Old Dutch *buht, from Proto-West Germanic *buhti, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz. Equivalent to buigen (“to bend, bow”) + -t (“verbal noun”).

suffix

a bight, broad curvature of a coastline, bay


pill

* From Middle English pille (also pillem), a borrowing from Middle Low German pille or Middle Dutch pille (whence Dutch pil), probably from Latin pila, pilula.
* (persuade or convince): Generalized from red pill.

One sleeve, threadbare and loaded with what my mother called “sweater pills,” hung halfway to the floor.

1999, Wally Lamb, I Know This Much Is True:

(textile) A small piece of any substance, for example a ball of fibres formed on the surface of a textile fabric by rubbing. Colloquially known as a bobble, fuzzball, or lint ball.


whirlpool

From earlier whirlpoole, whirlpole, apparently from Middle English *whirlpole, potentially coalescing Old English hwierfel (“whirlpool”) and Old English hwierfepōl (“whirlpool”). Equivalent to whirl + pool. Cognate with Scots quhirlepole, whirle-pule (“whirlpool”). Compare also English whirlpit.
Eclipsed non-native Middle English gurges (“whirlpool”), borrowed from Latin gurges (“whirlpool”).

The meatloaf has been cooking in the oven for the last hour and should be ready just about the time George climbs out of the whirlpool.

1995, Orange Coast Magazine, volume 21, number 6, page 56:


glas

head

glas (genitive singular masculine glais, genitive singular feminine glaise, plural glasa, comparative glaise)

glais (genitive masculine singular)
glaise (feminine genitive singular)
glasa (plural)
glaise (comparative)
glas (masculine nominative singular)
ghlas (feminine nominative singular)
glasa (nominative plural)
ghlasa (nominative plural)
ghlais (masculine singular vocative)
ghlas (feminine singular vocative)
glasa (plural vocative)
ghlais (genitive masculine singular)
glaise (feminine genitive singular)
glasa (genitive plural)
glas (genitive plural)
glas (dative masculine singular)
ghlas (dative masculine singular)
ghlas (dative feminine singular)
ghlais (archaic dative feminine singular)
glasa (dative plural)
ghlasa (dative plural)
níos glaise (comparative)
is glaise (superlative)

Inherited from Old Irish glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Is glas na cnoic i bhfad uainn (proverb)

green (of grass, trees, etc.; environmentally friendly)


glas

glas f (genitive singular glaise, nominative plural glasa)

glaise (genitive singular)
glasa (nominative plural)
glas (indefinite nominative singular)
glasa (indefinite nominative plural)
a ghlas (indefinite singular vocative)
a ghlasa (indefinite plural vocative)
glaise (genitive indefinite singular)
glas (genitive indefinite plural)
glas (dative indefinite singular)
glasa (dative indefinite plural)
an ghlas (definite nominative singular)
na glasa (definite nominative plural)
na glaise (definite genitive singular)
na nglas (definite genitive plural)
leis an nglas (dative definite singular)
don ghlas (dative definite singular)
leis na glasa (dative definite plural)
glas
ghlas
nglas

Inherited from Old Irish glais, glaise, glas.


Williams

en-proper noun

Williams (countable and uncountable, plural Williamses)

威廉姆斯

transliterations of the English surname "Williams"

A placename.
A place in the United States:
A river in Oregon.

A river in Vermont; named for Puritan minister John Williams.

A placename.
A place in the United States:
A river in West Virginia.

A placename.
A place in Australia.
A river in New South Wales.

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

A river in Western Australia; probably named for William IV of the United Kingdom.


Franklin

en-prop

Franklin (countable and uncountable, plural Franklins)

From Middle English frankelein (“freeholder”), see franklin. The place names are mostly named after American statesman Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790).


Strait of Messina

The narrow section of water between the eastern tip of Sicily and the southern tip of mainland Italy.

مَضِيْق مِسِّينَة

narrow section of water between Sicily and mainland Italy


gulf

From Middle English gulf, goulf, golf, from Old French golf, from Italian golfo, from Late Latin colfos, from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos, “bosom, gulf”), of obscure origin, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kʷelp- (“to curve, arch”).

der

[T]here is no such mine, / None; but a gulf of ruin, swallowing gold, not making.

1864, Alfred Tennyson, “Sea Dreams”, in Enoch Arden, &c., London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 100:

That which swallows irretrievably; a whirlpool; a sucking eddy.


Allen

en-proper noun

Allen (countable and uncountable, plural Allens)

Allens (plural)
Alan (alternative)
Allan (alternative)
Alen (alternative)

Wimborne Minster
Wimborne Minster#English

A river in Dorset, which joins the (Dorset) Stour at Wimborne Minster.

A river in Northumberland, which joins the South Tyne.

A river in north Cornwall, which joins the River Camel near Sladesbridge.

A minor river in south-west Cornwall, which forms the Truro River at Truro.


Roy

en-prop

Roy (countable and uncountable, plural Roys)

→ French: Roy

→ Norwegian: Roy

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Roy

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Roy

→ Swedish: Roy

From various sources:
* Anglo-Norman roy (“king”) a variant of Old French roi, from Latin rēx, rēgem from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”). Doublet of Rey.
* Scottish Gaelic ruadh (“red, red-haired”) from Old Irish rúad, from Proto-Celtic *roudos from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.
* Anglicisation of Bengali রায় (raẏ, surname).

der

A river and glen (see Glen Roy) in Highland council area, Scotland, United Kingdom


Miami

Miami
Miami (disambiguation)
en:Lake Okeechobee
en:Mayaimi
en:Miami River (Florida)

From Mayaimi, one of only ten words recorded from the language of the now-extinct Mayaimi people, meaning "big water", referring to the large lake on whose shores they lived, alternately called Lake Miami, Lake Mayimi, Lake Maymi, Lake Maimi; now called Lake Okeechobee. The Florida city is named for the Miami River. The river is named for its source, Lake Miami.

Ellipsis of Lake Miami.; Former name of Lake Okeechobee.; A lake in Florida, the source of the Miami River.

Lake Miami

Miami-Dade County
Miami-Dade County#English

Ellipsis of Miami River.; A river in Miami-Dade County, Florida, a river flowing past the city of Miami, Dade.


Vistula

/ˈvɪst͡ʃʊlə/

The longest river in Poland, which flows into the Baltic Sea.


Vistula

la-proper noun

Vistula f sg (genitive Vistulae); first declension

Vistulae (genitive)
Vistula (nominative singular)
Vistulae (genitive singular)
Vistulae (dative singular)
Vistulam (accusative singular)
Vistulā (ablative singular)
Vistula (singular vocative)
Vistla (alternative)
Visula (alternative)
Visla (alternative)
Viscla (alternative)

In the form Visula and Visla at least sometimes directly acquired from Proto-Slavic *Visъla. The form Viscla resolves the /sl/ cluster like in Sclavus, uncommon in Latin, and in Germanic, via which it has sometimes been acquired.
Often explained as from the Proto-Indo-European root *weys- (“to flow”) as in Proto-Germanic *waisǭ (“mire”), although if of Slavic origin then *visěti (“to hang”) would afford a readier stem, suffixed + *-lo + *-a or + *-sla, for which ever reason they would have called it the “hanging river” or “saggy stream”.

Sclavini a Civitate Novidunensi (Mss. : Civitate Nova et Sclavino Rumunensi), et lacu qui appellatur Mursianus (var. : Musianus, Murianus), usque ad Danastrum, et in Boream Viscla tenus commorantur: hi paludes silvasque pro civitatibus habent.

551, Jordanes, De origine actibusque Getarum, section V:

The Slavs abide from Noviodunum ad Istrum now known as Isákča and the Mursa lake to the Dniester, and farther north up to the Vistula: here they have the swamps and forests for municipalities.


flush

Various similar terms are found in dialectal English and Scots as flash and flosh (older Scots flosche), and the variation goes back to Middle English flushe, flosche, flashe, flaske. The DSL suggests a relation between flush, English flash (“pool”), and Middle English flosche, but influence from other water-related senses of flush and flash is also conceivable.

For this point onwards the land slopes gently until it becomes quite low lying, that is, tends to become a "flush" or bog.

1917, Transactions and Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh, page 131:

The reason for a "green gair" or flush is the outflow of a spring, and a regular line of these springs may often be traced along a valley slope.

1918, The Scottish Journal of Agriculture, volumes 1-2, page 263:

The pH in water of the hillside soils varied between 3.1 and 6.1 with a mean of 4.2. The pattern of pH variation is complex and does not clearly relate either to cultivation or occupation. The most consistent, though weak, correlation appears to be between higher pH and flushes or bogs, which indicates that the local groundwaters are comparatively basic.

1995, Olwyn Owen, Christopher Lowe, Kebister: The Four-thousand-year-old Story, page 45:

Suddenly a way would open down into a flush or bog, even some extensive ones where snowfed springs rose, and so did Asiatic Golden Plover with their plangent cries, and calling from high circling; and I was home again.

2007, Colin Simms, Gyrfalcon Poems, page 16:

The inland distribution of Plantago maritima in Ireland and Britain is … generally associated with base-rich soils or with flushes in more acidic upland soils. … Many of these inland sites are on uplands of both acidic and basic rock. … associated with calcareous, nutrient-poor flushes, …

2012, M. J. Sheehy Skeffington, D. W. Jeffrey, "Growth performance of an inland population of Plantago maritima in response to nitrogen and salinity", in W.G. Beeftink, A.H.L. Huiskes, Jelte Rozema, Ecology of coastal vegetation: Proceedings of a Symposium, page 264

Lowland heath Fen, marsh, and swamp / Upland flushes, fens, and swamps […] Flushes are gently sloping, often linear or triangle-shaped wetlands; they may include small watercourses.

2016, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation:

[…] Not all the flushes are as basic as might be expected in basalt country, but they do support most of the sedges found in this habitat in the Hebrides. […] in peaty fushes both on Canna and Sanday […]

2017, John Lorne Campbell, Canna: The Story of a Hebridean Island, page xvii:

A groundwater-fed marsh or peaty mire (which may be acidic or basic, nutrient-rich or poor); (originally especially Scotland and Northern England) a (marshy) pool or seep, as in a field.


Detroit

Borrowed from English Detroit, from French Détroit, from détroit.

A river in Michigan, United States and Ontario, Canada


Margaret

en-proper noun

Margaret (countable and uncountable, plural Margarets)

From the name of a legendary third century saint, from Middle English Margaret, from Old French Margaret (French Marguerite), from Latin Margarita, from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs, “pearl”), ultimately from an Indo-Iranian source.
The same source, through folk etymology, has produced Old English meregrot (“pearl”, literally “stone or pebble of the sea”), related to Old Saxon merigrita, merigriota (“pearl”), Old High German merigrioz, equivalent to mer- + groat.

cog

A river in southwestern Western Australia, presumed named for a cousin of John Garrett Bussell, founder of Busselton.

A river in Kimberley, Western Australia, named for its European discoverer's sister-in-law.


Hastings

The placename in England is derived from the Old English tribal name Hæstingas (“Hæsta's people, the family/followers of Hæsta”), which was later transferred to their settlement.
The family name has two possible sources:
* from the place name
* a patronymic surname derived from the Anglo-Norman personal name Hasten(c), Hastang
The later place names in other countries are named either after people with that family name, or after the town of Hastings in England.

The Hastings River, a river in New South Wales, which flows into the Tasman Sea at Port Macquarie. Named after Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings.


Brit

1901, either a shortening of Britisher or Briton, or a back-formation of British.

The River Brit, a short river in Dorset, England, which flows through Bridport to the sea at West Bay.


ты

ty (romanization)
ты (nominative singular)
тыос (nominative plural)
тыэз (accusative singular)
тыосыз (accusative plural)
тылэн (genitive singular)
тыослэн (genitive plural)
тылы (dative singular)
тыослы (dative plural)
тылэсь (ablative singular)
тыослэсь (ablative plural)
тыэн (instrumental singular)
тыосын (instrumental plural)
тытэк (abessive singular)
тыостэк (abessive plural)
тыя (adverbial singular)
тыосъя (adverbial plural)
тыын (inessive singular)
тыосын (inessive plural)
тыэ (illative singular)
тыосы (illative plural)
тыысь (elative singular)
тыосысь (elative plural)
тыысьен (egressive singular)
тыосысьен (egressive plural)
тыозь (singular terminative)
тыосозь (plural terminative)
тытӥ (prolative singular)
тыосытӥ (plural prolative)
тылань (allative singular)
тыослань (allative plural)
тыэ (nominative possessive singular)
тыосы (nominative plural possessive)
тыме (accusative possessive singular)
тыосме (accusative plural possessive)
тыэлэн (genitive possessive singular)
тыосылэн (genitive plural possessive)
тыэлы (dative possessive singular)
тыосылы (dative plural possessive)
тыэлэсь (ablative possessive singular)
тыосылэсь (ablative plural possessive)
тыэным (instrumental possessive singular)
тыосыным (instrumental plural possessive)
тыэд (nominative possessive singular)
тыосыд (nominative plural possessive)
тыдэ (accusative possessive singular)
тыостэ (accusative plural possessive)
тыэдлэн (genitive possessive singular)
тыосыдлэн (genitive plural possessive)
тыэдлы (dative possessive singular)
тыосыдлы (dative plural possessive)
тыэдлэсь (ablative possessive singular)
тыосыдлэсь (ablative plural possessive)
тыэныд (instrumental possessive singular)
тыосыныд (instrumental plural possessive)
тыэз (nominative possessive singular)
тыосыз (nominative plural possessive)
тызэ (accusative possessive singular)
тыоссэ (accusative plural possessive)
тыэзлэн (genitive possessive singular)
тыосызлэн (genitive plural possessive)
тыэзлы (dative possessive singular)
тыосызлы (dative plural possessive)
тыэзлэсь (ablative possessive singular)
тыосызлэсь (ablative plural possessive)
тыэныз (instrumental possessive singular)
тыосыныз (instrumental plural possessive)
тымы (nominative possessive singular)
тыосмы (nominative plural possessive)
тымэс (accusative possessive singular)
тыосмес (accusative plural possessive)
тымылэн (genitive possessive singular)
тыосмылэн (genitive plural possessive)
тымылы (dative possessive singular)
тыосмылы (dative plural possessive)
тымылэсь (ablative possessive singular)
тыосмылэсь (ablative plural possessive)
тыэнымы (instrumental possessive singular)
тыосынымы (instrumental plural possessive)
тыды (nominative possessive singular)
тыосты (nominative plural possessive)
тыдэс (accusative possessive singular)
тыостэс (accusative plural possessive)
тыдылэн (genitive possessive singular)
тыостылэн (genitive plural possessive)
тыдылы (dative possessive singular)
тыостылы (dative plural possessive)
тыдылэсь (ablative possessive singular)
тыостылэсь (ablative plural possessive)
тыэныды (instrumental possessive singular)
тыосыныды (instrumental plural possessive)
тызы (nominative possessive singular)
тыоссы (nominative plural possessive)
тызэс (accusative possessive singular)
тыоссэс (accusative plural possessive)
тызылэн (genitive possessive singular)
тыоссылэн (genitive plural possessive)
тызылы (dative possessive singular)
тыоссылы (dative plural possessive)
тызылэсь (ablative possessive singular)
тыоссылэсь (ablative plural possessive)
тыэнызы (instrumental possessive singular)
тыосынызы (instrumental plural possessive)

From Proto-Permic *tu̇, from Proto-Uralic *towe. Cognates include Hungarian tó and Southern Selkup то̄ (tō).
Permic cognates include Komi-Zyrian ты (ty) and Komi-Yazva тө (tå).


Indus

Borrowed from Latin Indus, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (h-i-du-u-š /hiⁿduš/), from Proto-Iranian *hínduš (compare Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬧𐬛𐬎 (hiṇdu)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš or borrowed from Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu) (whence Sindh).
Another explication relates the origin of Indus to Indra which itself derives from the root indu, i.e. " water place or water spirit".

Floods in the river Sutlej – which originates in Tibet and crosses India before merging into the Indus river – has completely cut off several villages and areas in Pakistan, submerging hundreds of hectares of farmland.

2023 August 29, “Pakistan raises flood alert in eastern region as over 128,000 evacuated”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2024-04-24:

A major river in China, India and Pakistan, rising in Tibet and flowing into the Arabian Sea.


Indus

cs-proper noun

Indus m inan (relational adjective induský)

induský (adjective relational)
Indus (nominative singular)
Indu (genitive singular)
Indu (dative singular)
Indus (accusative singular)
Inde (singular vocative)
Indu (locative singular)
Indem (instrumental singular)


Indus

Indus (nominative singular)
Indust (accusative singular)
Indusnak (dative singular)
Indussal (instrumental singular)
Indusért (causal-final singular)
Indussá (singular translative)
Indusig (singular terminative)
Indusként (essive-formal singular)
Indusban (inessive singular)
Induson (singular superessive)
Indusnál (adessive singular)
Indusba (illative singular)
Indusra (singular sublative)
Indushoz (allative singular)
Indusból (elative singular)
Indusról (delative singular)
Industól (ablative singular)
Indusé (singular)
Induséi (singular)
Indusom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Indusaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Indusod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Indusaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Indusa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Indusai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Indusunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Indusaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Indusotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Indusaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Indusuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Indusaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Indus (a large river in south-central Asia)


Indus

la-proper noun

Indus m sg (genitive Indī); second declension

Indī (genitive)
Indus (nominative singular)
Indī (genitive singular)
Indō (dative singular)
Indum (accusative singular)
Indō (ablative singular)
Inde (singular vocative)


Ness

en-proper noun

Ness (countable and uncountable, plural Nesses)

Named after the River Ness, of Celtic/Pictish origin, from a Proto-Celtic word *Nesta describing great currents, according to MacBain, from the same Proto-Indo-European root that gave the river Νέστος (Néstos), possibly *ned- (“water”).

Ellipsis of River Ness, a short river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows from Loch Ness through Inverness to the Beauly Firth.


Cheyenne

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Cheyenne.wav

Borrowed from French Cheyenne, from Dakota šahíyena, from Dakota šaia (“to speak incoherently”), from Dakota ša (“red”) and Dakota ya (“to speak”).

A river in the United States; flowing 295 miles from the confluence of the Antelope and Dry Fork creeks in Thunder Basin National Grassland, Wyoming into Lake Oahe, a reservoir of the Missouri River, at Mission Ridge, South Dakota.


Mehran

From Persian مهران (mehrân), from Middle Persian mtrʾn (mihrān). Related to Persian مهر (mehr) and Mithra.


danau

From Malay danau, from Classical Malay danau, from Proto-Malayic *danaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *danaw, from Proto-Austronesian *danaw (“lake”).


danau

ms-noun

danau (Jawi spelling داناو, plural danau-danau, informal 1st possessive danauku, 2nd possessive danaumu, 3rd possessive danaunya)

داناو (Jawi)
danau-danau (plural)
danauku (first-person informal possessive)
danaumu (possessive second-person)
danaunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: danau

From Proto-Malayic *danaw (compare Indonesian danau), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *danaw, from Proto-Austronesian *danaw (“lake”).


Čad

cs-proper noun

Čad m inan (relational adjective čadský, demonym Čaďan)

čadský (adjective relational)
Čaďan (demonym)
Čad (nominative singular)
Čadu (genitive singular)
Čadu (dative singular)
Čad (accusative singular)
Čade (singular vocative)
Čadu (locative singular)
Čadem (instrumental singular)

Chad (a freshwater lake at the junction of Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon in Central Africa)


Конго

ru-proper noun

конголе́зский

Ко́нго • (Kóngo) f inan (indeclinable, relational adjective конголе́зский, demonym конголе́зец, female demonym конголе́зка)

Ко́нго (canonical)
Kóngo (romanization)
конголе́зский (adjective relational)
конголе́зец (demonym)
конголе́зка (demonym feminine)

Congo (a large river in Africa, which flows for about 4,380 km (2,720 miles) to the Atlantic Ocean in the Democratic Republic of Congo)


Конго

Ко̏нго (canonical masculine)
Kȍngo (romanization)
Конго (nominative singular)
Конга (genitive singular)
Конгу (dative singular)
Конго (accusative singular)
Конго (singular vocative)
Конгу (locative singular)
Конгом (instrumental singular)


Конго

uk-proper noun

конголе́зький

Ко́нго • (Kónho) n inan (indeclinable, relational adjective конголе́зький)

Ко́нго (canonical)
Kónho (romanization)
конголе́зький (adjective relational)
Ко́нґо (alternative)


Босна

bg-proper noun

Бо́сна • (Bósna) f (relational adjective бо́сненски)

Бо́сна (canonical)
Bósna (romanization)
бо́сненски (adjective relational)
Бо́сна (indefinite singular)
Бо́сно (singular vocative)

bg:Босна (област)

Bosna (a major river in Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Босна

mk-proper noun

Босна • (Bosna) f (relational adjective босански)

Bosna (romanization)
босански (adjective relational)


Босна

Бо̏сна (canonical feminine)
Bȍsna (romanization)
Босна (nominative singular)
Босне (genitive singular)
Босни (dative singular)
Босну (accusative singular)
Босно (singular vocative)
Босни (locative singular)
Босном (instrumental singular)


Bosna

At the far end, they would be greeted by the green sun-dappled waters of the Bosna as they gurgled up in streams and pools dotted with islands.

2022, Priscilla Morris, Black Butterflies, Duckworth, page 70:

Bosna (a major river in Bosnia and Herzegovina).


Bosna

Bȍsna (canonical feminine)
Бо̏сна (Cyrillic)
Bȍsna (nominative singular)
Bosne (genitive singular)
Bosni (dative singular)
Bosnu (accusative singular)
Bosno (singular vocative)
Bosni (locative singular)
Bosnom (instrumental singular)

→ English: Bosna

Uncertain. According to philologist Anton Mayer the name Bosna could essentially be derived from Illyrian Bass-an-as(-ā) which would be derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰegʷ-.


Bosna

Bọ̑sna (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Bósna (nominative singular)
Bósne (genitive singular)
Bósni (dative singular)
Bósno (accusative singular)
Bósni (locative singular)
Bósno (instrumental singular)


paranã

desctree

Old Tupi: paraná, paranã
Nheengatu: paraná, paranã
→ Brazilian Portuguese: paraná
→ Portuguese: Paraná

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *paranã.

etymon

paranãngûá

ſ. ſebaſtiaõ abe / marana rerecoaroera / Tamũya quireĩbagoera / omõbab erimbae / nitibangai çetãbuera // Opa Paranapucu / Yacutinga, Moroi / Çarigueya, Guiriri / Pindoba, Parigoaçu / Curuça, Miapeig. // Jabebiraçic tapera / aqueime niporetai, / yauye muamaroera, / oyoibiri çeombuera / parana ibiri ycoai.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço) [At the Saint Lawrence Festival]” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Niterói, pages 137–138, lines 593–607; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, pages 713–714:

Saint Sebastian too, the patron of war, destroyed the Tamoios, the brave ones; their old lands don't exist anymore. None of them – Paranapucu, Jacutinga, Moroí, Sarigueia, Guiriri, Pindoba, Pariguaçu, Curuçá, Miapeí, Jabebiracica's village – have had anything for a long time. The enemies surrended; their bodies were side by side along the sea.

Acôcoríparanâmèné[…]

1555, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter VII, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, published 1595, page 22:

Oquir coêcoẽ amâna, Paranã momũgabo.

1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter IIII, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], [https://archive.org/details/catecismo-na-lingoa-brasilica-1618/page/n104/mode/1up Livro Segundo do Cathecismo, e summa da Doctrina Christam […] ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 41v:

The morning kept seeing the rain pour, filling the sea

Paranã rupi[…]aguatâ.

1622, anonymous author, “Nauegar”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 48; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:


sjö

sjö (indefinite nominative singular)
sjös (genitive indefinite singular)
sjön (definite nominative singular)
sjöns (definite genitive singular)
sjöar (indefinite nominative plural)
sjöars (genitive indefinite plural)
sjöarna (definite nominative plural)
sjöarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish siœr, from Old Norse sær, from Proto-Germanic *saiwiz. Cognate with English sea.

ocean

very large body of water, such as the Atlantic

Östersjön


Китай

uk-proper noun

Кита́й • (Kytáj) m inan (genitive Кита́ю, uncountable, relational adjective кита́йський)

Кита́й (canonical)
Kytáj (romanization)
Кита́ю (genitive)
кита́йський (adjective relational)
Кита́й (nominative singular)
Кита́ю (genitive singular)
Кита́ю (dative singular)
Кита́єві (dative singular)
Кита́й (accusative singular)
Кита́єм (instrumental singular)
Кита́ю (locative singular)
Кита́ї (locative singular)
Кита́ю (singular vocative)

Cognate with Russian Кита́й (Kitáj). See there for more.


Колумбия

bg-proper noun

колумби́йски

Колу́мбия • (Kolúmbija) f (relational adjective колумби́йски)

Колу́мбия (canonical)
Kolúmbija (romanization)
колумби́йски (adjective relational)
Колу́мбия (indefinite singular)
Колу́мбийо (singular vocative)

Columbia (a river in the western United States and Canada)


Колумбия

head

Колумбия • (Kolumbiä)

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script
Yañalif
kk:Колумбия


Колумбия

ru-proper noun+

колумби́йский

Колу́мбия • (Kolúmbija) f inan (genitive Колу́мбии, relational adjective колумби́йский)

Колу́мбия (canonical)
Kolúmbija (romanization)
Колу́мбии (genitive)
колумби́йский (adjective relational)
Колу́мбия (nominative singular)
Колу́мбии (genitive singular)
Колу́мбии (dative singular)
Колу́мбию (accusative singular)
Колу́мбией (instrumental singular)
Колу́мбиею (instrumental singular)
Колу́мбии (prepositional singular)
Колу́мбія (alternative)

[kɐˈɫum⁽ʲ⁾bʲɪjə]

Ru-Колумбия.ogg


Katherine

Katherine
Katherine River
Katherine, Northern Territory

/ˈkæθ(ə)ɹɪn/

Northern Territory
Northern Territory#English

A river in the Northern Territory, which gave its name to the town.


Aal

From German, probably from a derivative of Old High German ahu (“river, stream”), from Proto-West Germanic *ahu, common in river names. Possibly influenced by Aal (“eel”).

A small river in Baden-Württemberg, Germany; a tributary of the Neckar.


Acre

The state was named after the hydronym, of unknown origin.

Acre (a river in northern South America)


Alle

de-proper noun

die Alle f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Alle)

die Alle (canonical feminine)
der Alle (definite genitive)

Derived from Old Prussian Alna, from alna (“to flow”).

Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship#English

Łyna (a river in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland)


Aller

A minor river in west Somerset, which gives its name to Allerford.

A river in Saxony-Anhalt and Lower Saxony, Germany, a tributary of the Weser.


Aller

die Aller f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Aller)

die Aller (canonical feminine)
der Aller (definite genitive)

From Old High German Alara, from earlier Elera and Alera, of uncertain origin:.
* From Proto-Germanic *alizō (“alder”) + *ahwō (“water”), meaning "alder water".
* From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey- common in many other river names, such as the Allia in Latium, Alaunus in some Celtic sites, and the Ille in Brittany. See also French aller (“to go”), German eilen (“to hasten, hurry”), Swedish ila. More at Aller.


Alt

The River Alt, a river in West Lancashire and Merseyside, England, that flows into the Irish Sea.


Amber

A river in Derbyshire, England, which joins the River Derwent at Ambergate.


Ana

From various languages including Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene, and Macedonian, all derived—sometimes via Late Latin Anna in the Vulgate—from Koine Greek Ἄννα (Ánna, “Anna”), chiefly in reference to St Anne the apocryphal mother of Mary mother of Jesus but appearing in the New Testament in reference to Anna the Prophetess, from Hebrew חַנָּה (Ḥannâ, “Hannah”), from חַנָּה (ḥannâ, “grace, gracious, graced with child”). As an Oregonian river, named for Ana Byars, daughter of the surveyor W.H. Byars. Doublet of Ann, Anne, Anna, and Hannah.


Anas

la-proper noun

Anās m sg (genitive Anae); first declension

Anās (canonical masculine singular)
Anae (genitive)
Anās (nominative singular)
Anae (genitive singular)
Anae (dative singular)
Anān (accusative singular)
Anam (accusative singular)
Anā (ablative singular)
Anā (singular vocative)
Ana (alternative)

A river in Spain and Portugal; modern Guadiana.


Ant

A river in Norfolk, England, tributary to the Bure.


Aura

Aura (nominative singular)
Aura (accusative nominative singular)
Auran (accusative genitive singular)
Auran (genitive singular)
Auraa (partitive singular)
Aurassa (inessive singular)
Aurasta (elative singular)
Auraan (illative singular)
Auralla (adessive singular)
Auralta (ablative singular)
Auralle (allative singular)
Aurana (essive singular)
Auraksi (singular translative)
Auratta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Aurani (nominative singular)
Aurani (accusative nominative singular)
Aurani (accusative genitive singular)
Aurani (genitive singular)
Auraani (partitive singular)
Aurassani (inessive singular)
Aurastani (elative singular)
Auraani (illative singular)
Aurallani (adessive singular)
Auraltani (ablative singular)
Auralleni (allative singular)
Auranani (essive singular)
Aurakseni (singular translative)
Aurattani (abessive singular)
Aurasi (nominative singular)
Aurasi (accusative nominative singular)
Aurasi (accusative genitive singular)
Aurasi (genitive singular)
Auraasi (partitive singular)
Aurassasi (inessive singular)
Aurastasi (elative singular)
Auraasi (illative singular)
Aurallasi (adessive singular)
Auraltasi (ablative singular)
Aurallesi (allative singular)
Auranasi (essive singular)
Auraksesi (singular translative)
Aurattasi (abessive singular)
Auramme (nominative singular)
Auramme (accusative nominative singular)
Auramme (accusative genitive singular)
Auramme (genitive singular)
Auraamme (partitive singular)
Aurassamme (inessive singular)
Aurastamme (elative singular)
Auraamme (illative singular)
Aurallamme (adessive singular)
Auraltamme (ablative singular)
Aurallemme (allative singular)
Auranamme (essive singular)
Auraksemme (singular translative)
Aurattamme (abessive singular)
Auranne (nominative singular)
Auranne (accusative nominative singular)
Auranne (accusative genitive singular)
Auranne (genitive singular)
Auraanne (partitive singular)
Aurassanne (inessive singular)
Aurastanne (elative singular)
Auraanne (illative singular)
Aurallanne (adessive singular)
Auraltanne (ablative singular)
Aurallenne (allative singular)
Aurananne (essive singular)
Auraksenne (singular translative)
Aurattanne (abessive singular)
Auransa (nominative singular)
Auransa (accusative nominative singular)
Auransa (accusative genitive singular)
Auransa (genitive singular)
Auraansa (partitive singular)
Aurassaan (inessive singular)
Aurassansa (inessive singular)
Aurastaan (elative singular)
Aurastansa (elative singular)
Auraansa (illative singular)
Aurallaan (adessive singular)
Aurallansa (adessive singular)
Auraltaan (ablative singular)
Auraltansa (ablative singular)
Auralleen (allative singular)
Aurallensa (allative singular)
Auranaan (essive singular)
Auranansa (essive singular)
Aurakseen (singular translative)
Auraksensa (singular translative)
Aurattaan (abessive singular)
Aurattansa (abessive singular)

The municipality is named after the river, probably from Old Swedish āþra (thus doublet of Eura).

A river in southwestern Finland, flowing through Turku and discharging into the Archipelago Sea


Ave

Inherited from Latin Avus. Ultimately from Proto-Celtic *abū (“river”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“body of water”).


Bach

de-proper noun

Bach m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Bachs or (with an article) Bach, feminine genitive Bach, plural Bachs)

Bachs (genitive masculine)
Bach (genitive masculine)
Bach (feminine genitive)
Bachs (plural)

From Middle High German bach, from Old High German bah, from Proto-West Germanic *baki. Cognate with English beach and English beck.

(music) Johann Sebastian Bach, a German organist and composer


Battle

Capitalization of battle. Doublet of Battaglia.

A place name:
A river in Saskatchewan, Canada


Bay

(informal) Ellipsis of San Francisco Bay.; A bay of the Pacific in California, United States


Beck

en-prop

Beck (countable and uncountable, plural Becks)

* As a German surname, from Beck (“stream, brook”), see also Old Norse bekkr. Also a spelling variant of Becker (“baker”).
* As a Hebrew surname, shortened from בני (B'nei) קדושים (Kdoshim, “sons of the martyrs”).

The River Beck, or The Beck, a minor river in south-east Greater London, England, which becomes the Pool River before joining the Ravensbourne.


Brett

Related to Breton, Brittany, and more distantly Briton.

A river in Suffolk, England, which joins the Suffolk River Stour at Higham in Babergh district.


Bug

A river flowing northwest 450 miles between Belarus and Poland and Ukraine (Western Bug).

A river in Ukraine (Southern Bug), flowing 530 miles to the Dnieper estuary.


Bug

bużański (adjective)
Bug (nominative singular)
Bugu (genitive singular)
Buga (genitive singular)
Bugowi (dative singular)
Bug (accusative singular)
Bugiem (instrumental singular)
Bugu (locative singular)
Bugu (singular vocative)

Derived from Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (biugan). Compare Russian Буг (Bug). Doublet of biga and Boh.

Bug, Western Bug (a river in Belarus, Poland and Ukraine)


Cam

From Old English Granta, Grantebrycge, the former name of the modern Cambridge, ultimately from a Celtic word for "crooked," Proto-Celtic *kambos, from late Proto-Indo-European *(s)kambo- (“crooked”), shared with Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós).

A river in Cambridgeshire, England, which passes through Cambridge and joins the Great Ouse.

A minor river in Gloucestershire which flows into the Gloucester and Sharpness Canal.


Can

The River Can, a river in Essex, England, that joins the River Chelmer in Chelmsford.


Canis

la-proper noun

Canis m sg (genitive Canis); third declension

Canis (genitive)
Canis (nominative singular)
Canis (genitive singular)
Canī (dative singular)
Canem (accusative singular)
Cane (ablative singular)
Canis (singular vocative)


Capra

A river in Argeș, Romania, tributary to the Argeș

A river in Gorj, Romania, tributary to the Ciocadia

A river in Bihor, Romania, tributary to the Dașor


Carr

en-prop

Carr (countable and uncountable, plural Carrs)

Carrs (plural)
Kerr (alternative)
Corr (alternative)
Corry (alternative)
Corrie (alternative)
Curry (alternative)
Corrie (alternative)
Carry (alternative)

* As an English and Scottish surname, variant of Kerr.
* As an Irish surname, from the root of the surname Keary, from ciar (“black”); compare Carey.
* Also as an Irish surname, named after a priest Cathair (compare cathair (“fort”))
* Also as an Irish surname, from a personal name derived from corr (“pointed, projected point”).

A river in West Greenwich, Rhode Island; flowing 6 km from Carr Pond to the Big River.


Channel

(Europe) Ellipsis of English Channel: A strait in Europe, separating Great Britain from France and connecting the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.


Chase

en-proper noun

Chase (countable and uncountable, plural Chases)

en:Chase
en:Chase (surname)
en:Chase#Places

A village and river in British Columbia, Canada.


Cher

Named after the Cher River, from the pre-Indo-European substrate hydronym *kʰar- (“stone”) (compare Ancient Greek κάρκαρος (kárkaros, “rough, jagged”)).

cog

Cher (a left tributary of the Loire, in central France)


Cole

en-prop

Cole (countable and uncountable, plural Coles)

The surname is variously from:
# A nickname from Old English col (“coal, coal-black”),
# A patronymic from Nicholas (see also Coles, Colson, Colle).
# A variation of Cowell (which itself has several origins).
# As an Irish and Scottish Gaelic surname, variant of McCool.
# As a German surname, Americanized from Kohl.
# As a Dutch surname, Americanized from Kool.
# As a French surname, Americanized/calqued from Charbonneau, influenced by the first sense.

A river in the West Midlands and Warwickshire, England, which joins the Rivers Blythe and Tame north-east of Coleshill (Warwickshire).

A river forming the border between Wiltshire and Oxfordshire, England, which joins the Thames near Lechlade.


Cook

en-proper noun

Cook (countable and uncountable, plural Cooks)

Cooks (plural)
Cooke (alternative)
Coke (alternative)

Audio (US)

Audio (AU)

some speakers from Northern England and Ireland

cuck (most accents without the foot-strut split)


Cover

The River Cover, a river in the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England, which joins the River Ure.


Cree

Dumfries and Galloway
Dumfries and Galloway#English

A river in Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland, which flows into the Solway Firth and Irish Sea.


Dan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 丹 (Dān, literally “cinnabar, red”).

der

Third, intensifying supervision over water sources for the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, of which approximately 70% of the water comes from the Han River and the Dan River. We have launched specialized campaigns in the two rivers and improved comprehensive management of the basin. A ten-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River has been enforced, which effectively ensured the water quality of the Han River and the Dan River. We will further step up efforts to ensure clear water for the North.

2021 June 23, “Press conference on 'Shaanxi: Carrying forward Yan'an spirit, endeavoring to write new chapter of accelerated growth in new era'”, in State Council Information Office, archived from the original on 2022-06-10:


Darling

A major river of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia, named for Governor Ralph Darling.

Wiktionary’s coverage of Baagandji terms


Deva

A hydronym, attested in Medieval Latin as Deva. From a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia, from Proto-Celtic *deiwā (“goddess”), from Proto-Celtic *deiwos (“god”), from Proto-Indo-European *deywós (“god”). Cognate of English Dee.

A river in Ourense, Galicia, flowing some 20 km to the river Minho at Arbo

A river in Pontevedra, Galicia, flowing some 20 km to the river Minho at Pontedeva


Deva

la-proper noun

Deva f sg (genitive Devae); first declension

Devae (genitive)
Deva (nominative singular)
Devae (genitive singular)
Devae (dative singular)
Devam (accusative singular)
Devā (ablative singular)
Deva (singular vocative)

From a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia, from Proto-Celtic *deiwā (“goddess”), from Proto-Celtic *deiwos (“god”), from Proto-Indo-European *deywós (“god”).

Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis#English


Dill

de-proper noun

die Dill f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Dill)

die Dill (canonical feminine)
der Dill (definite genitive)

A river flowing through central Hesse; a tributary of the Lahn


Don

Don River (Russia)
en:Don (disambiguation)
en:Don River (disambiguation)

Borrowed from Russian and Ukrainian Дон (Don). Known in Ancient Greece and Rome as Latin Tanais, Ancient Greek Τάναϊς (Tánaïs).

Thence they marched againſt Orna, a Port Towne on the Riuer Don, where were many Gazarians, Alanians, Ruſſians, and Saracens, which he drowned with the Riuer running through the Citie, turning it out of the chanell.

1613, Samuel Purchas, “[Asia.] Of the Tartarians, and of diuers Nations which they subdued; with their Pristine Rites.”, in Purchas His Pilgrimage. Or Relations of the World and the Religions Observed in All Ages and Places Discouered, from the Creation vnto this Present. […], London: […] William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone, […], →OCLC, book IV (Of the Armenians, Medes, Persians, Parthians, Scythians, Tartarians, Chinois, and of Their Religions), page 339:

A river, the fifth-longest in Europe, in Tula, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Volgograd and Rostov Oblasts, Russia. It flows 1870 kilometers (1160 miles) to the Sea of Azov.


Don

Don River (Ontario)
Dôn
River Don, Aberdeenshire
River Don, Tyne and Wear
River Don, Yorkshire
en:Don (disambiguation)
en:Don River (disambiguation)

Probably from the common Celtic river name Proto-Celtic *Dānu << Proto-Indo-European *dʰenh₂-, found in many other river names such as Danube, and Dniester. Connected with the Welsh river goddess Dôn, whose name is from the same origin, though it could have been influenced by Welsh dawn (“gift”), Irish dán (“gift, offering”), Latin dōnum.

A river in Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland, United Kingdom, flowing 62 miles to the North Sea at Aberdeen.

A river in South Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom, on which Doncaster is situated.

A minor river in Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom, which joins the Tyne at Jarrow.

A river in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, named after the River Don in Yorkshire.


Don

Don (a river, the fifth-longest in Europe, in Tula, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Volgograd and Rostov Oblasts, Russia)


Don

Don (nominative singular)
Don (accusative nominative singular)
Donin (accusative genitive singular)
Donin (genitive singular)
Donia (partitive singular)
Donissa (inessive singular)
Donista (elative singular)
Doniin (illative singular)
Donilla (adessive singular)
Donilta (ablative singular)
Donille (allative singular)
Donina (essive singular)
Doniksi (singular translative)
Donitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Donini (nominative singular)
Donini (accusative nominative singular)
Donini (accusative genitive singular)
Donini (genitive singular)
Doniani (partitive singular)
Donissani (inessive singular)
Donistani (elative singular)
Doniini (illative singular)
Donillani (adessive singular)
Doniltani (ablative singular)
Donilleni (allative singular)
Doninani (essive singular)
Donikseni (singular translative)
Donittani (abessive singular)
Donisi (nominative singular)
Donisi (accusative nominative singular)
Donisi (accusative genitive singular)
Donisi (genitive singular)
Doniasi (partitive singular)
Donissasi (inessive singular)
Donistasi (elative singular)
Doniisi (illative singular)
Donillasi (adessive singular)
Doniltasi (ablative singular)
Donillesi (allative singular)
Doninasi (essive singular)
Doniksesi (singular translative)
Donittasi (abessive singular)
Donimme (nominative singular)
Donimme (accusative nominative singular)
Donimme (accusative genitive singular)
Donimme (genitive singular)
Doniamme (partitive singular)
Donissamme (inessive singular)
Donistamme (elative singular)
Doniimme (illative singular)
Donillamme (adessive singular)
Doniltamme (ablative singular)
Donillemme (allative singular)
Doninamme (essive singular)
Doniksemme (singular translative)
Donittamme (abessive singular)
Doninne (nominative singular)
Doninne (accusative nominative singular)
Doninne (accusative genitive singular)
Doninne (genitive singular)
Donianne (partitive singular)
Donissanne (inessive singular)
Donistanne (elative singular)
Doniinne (illative singular)
Donillanne (adessive singular)
Doniltanne (ablative singular)
Donillenne (allative singular)
Doninanne (essive singular)
Doniksenne (singular translative)
Donittanne (abessive singular)
Doninsa (nominative singular)
Doninsa (accusative nominative singular)
Doninsa (accusative genitive singular)
Doninsa (genitive singular)
Doniaan (partitive singular)
Doniansa (partitive singular)
Donissaan (inessive singular)
Donissansa (inessive singular)
Donistaan (elative singular)
Donistansa (elative singular)
Doniinsa (illative singular)
Donillaan (adessive singular)
Donillansa (adessive singular)
Doniltaan (ablative singular)
Doniltansa (ablative singular)
Donilleen (allative singular)
Donillensa (allative singular)
Doninaan (essive singular)
Doninansa (essive singular)
Donikseen (singular translative)
Doniksensa (singular translative)
Donittaan (abessive singular)
Donittansa (abessive singular)


Don

Don m (proper noun, strong, genitive Dons or Don)


Don

Don (nominative singular)
Dont (accusative singular)
Donnak (dative singular)
Donnal (instrumental singular)
Donért (causal-final singular)
Donná (singular translative)
Donig (singular terminative)
Donként (essive-formal singular)
Donban (inessive singular)
Donon (singular superessive)
Donnál (adessive singular)
Donba (illative singular)
Donra (singular sublative)
Donhoz (allative singular)
Donból (elative singular)
Donról (delative singular)
Dontól (ablative singular)
Doné (singular)
Donéi (singular)
Donom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Donod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Donja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Donunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Donotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Donjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Don

Don (nominative singular)
Donu (genitive singular)
Donowi (dative singular)
Don (accusative singular)
Donem (instrumental singular)
Donie (locative singular)
Donie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Дон (Don), from Old East Slavic Донъ (Donŭ).


Dove

* As an English surname, from the noun dove.
* As a Scottish surname, calque of Scottish Gaelic (mac) Calmáin (“(son of the) dove”). Compare Coleman.
* Also as a Scottish surname, variant of Duff.
* As a north German surname, from the Low German adjective doof (“deaf”); see deaf.

calque

A river in England, forming the boundary between Derbyshire and Staffordshire.

A river in Suffolk, England, a tributary of the Waveney.


E

A river in Highland council area, Scotland.


Eagle

* As an English surname, from the noun eagle.
* As an English surname of Norman origin, from L'Aigle in Orne, first attested in 1055 and from Latin aquila, itself meaning "eagle."
* Also translated from names in other languages meaning "eagle," such as German Adler, Polish Orzeł, Orzel, Slovene Orel, Lakota waŋbli (compare Eagleman, Redeagle, Whiteeagle).
* The name of the English village is believed to be from Old English āc (“oak”) + lēah: compare with Acle.

Any of a number of rivers in the United States and Canada.

A number of places in the United States:

A village in Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska.

A town, the county seat of Eagle County, Colorado.

An unincorporated community in Mountain Township, Saline County, Illinois.

A township and village therein, in Clinton County, Michigan.

Burlington County
Burlington County#English

A locality in Tabernacle Township, Burlington County, New Jersey.

A town and hamlet in Wyoming County, New York.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A census-designated place in Upper Uwchlan Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

An unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia.

A town and village therein, in Waukesha County, Wisconsin.

A number of other townships, in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa (3), Kansas (2), Minnesota, and Ohio (3), listed under Eagle Township.


Eider

A river in Germany, the boundary between Schleswig and Holstein.


Eider

de-proper noun

die Eider f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Eider)

die Eider (canonical feminine)
der Eider (definite genitive)

Eider (a river in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany)


Eye

A short river in Cotswold district, Gloucestershire, England, which joins the River Dikler.

A river in Melton borough, Leicestershire, England, which becomes the River Wreake.


Finn

A river in County Donegal, Ireland, tributary to the Mourne.


Fleet

This is hard-core London, and just before Farringdon station you will be able to glimpse the vast steel pipe that carries what was the Fleet River and is now the Fleet sewer over your head.
The Fleet looks safely contained now, although you never know. It surprises me that no terrorist has made common cause with the surly and embittered Fleet, which, in Peter Ackroyd's words became 'a river of death' as it sidled through the meanest streets of London en route to the Thames.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 29:

A river (the River Fleet) in London, England, now buried underground, that flowed under the Eastern end of the present Fleet Street.

A river, the Water of Fleet, in Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland.

A river in Highland council area, Scotland, which flows into Loch Fleet.


Forth

A river in Scotland that flows for about 47 km (29 miles) from The Trossachs through Stirling to the Firth of Forth on the North Sea.


Gang

From Ancient Greek Γάγγης (Gángēs), from Sanskrit गङ्गा (gáṅgā, literally “swift-goer”).


Gard

Gardon, Gard (a right tributary of the Rhône, in southern France)


Gasconade

Gasconade County
Gasconade County#English

A small city in Gasconade County, Missouri, United States, named after the Gasconade River.


Glen

A river in England, mainly in Lincolnshire.


Golf

de-noun

Golf m (strong, genitive Golfes or Golfs, plural Golfe)

Golfes (genitive)
Golfs (genitive)
Golfe (plural)
Golf (nominative singular)
Golfe (definite nominative plural)
Golfes (genitive singular)
Golfs (genitive singular)
Golfe (definite genitive plural)
Golf (dative singular)
Golfe (dative singular)
Golfen (dative definite plural)
Golf (accusative singular)
Golfe (accusative definite plural)

Borrowed from Italian golfo, from Late Latin colfus, from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos). See gulf.


Golf

Golf n (strong, genitive Golfs, no plural)

Golfs (genitive)
Golf (nominative singular)
Golfs (genitive singular)
Golf (dative singular)
Golf (accusative singular)

Borrowed from English golf, probably from Middle Dutch colve and then a doublet of Kolben.


Golf

Golf m (strong, genitive Golfs, plural Golfs or Golfe)

Golfs (genitive)
Golfs (plural)
Golfe (plural)
Golf (nominative singular)
Golfs (definite nominative plural)
Golfe (definite nominative plural)
Golfs (genitive singular)
Golfs (definite genitive plural)
Golfe (definite genitive plural)
Golf (dative singular)
Golfs (dative definite plural)
Golfen (dative definite plural)
Golf (accusative singular)
Golfs (accusative definite plural)
Golfe (accusative definite plural)

Brandname. Apparently with associations to both above etymologies. Compare the contemporaneous models Jetta (from the jetstream), Passat (from Passat “trade wind”) and Polo (from the polo sport).

Volkswagen Golf, the most popular car in Germany throughout the 1980s and 1990s


Grey

en-proper noun

Grey (countable and uncountable, plural Greys)

A river, the Grey River, on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand.


Han

An early romanization of the Mandarin 漢 /汉 (Hàn), later reinforced by Wade-Giles and pinyin. Originally a river within present-day Shaanxi and Hubei. As a Chinese dynasty, from the founder Liu Bang's short-lived realm in Sichuan and Shaanxi among China's Eighteen Kingdoms, named for the Qin Empire's Hanzhong Commandery, headquartered in a city which also became known as Hanzhong, named for its placement along the middle reaches of the river.
The usage for the Chinese ethnicity first appeared during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, claiming the Han dynasty as one of the golden ages of Chinese history.

Hankow, China, is located 600 miles from the coast, on the north bank of the Yang-tse-Kiang River, at its junction with the Han River.

1902 January 5, L. S. Wilcox, “Conditions in Hankow.; American Trade on the Pacific and the far East”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-09-18, ANNUAL, page 23:

“By transferring such a significant volume of water away from the Han River Basin, the project is depriving the area of the most basic input it will need to develop in the years and decades to come,” said Britt Crow-Miller, a research assistant professor at Portland State University.[…]
The Danjiangkou reservoir gets its water from the Han River, a tributary of the Yangtze River which feeds several major cities in central China such as Wuhan, an economic power house in Hubei province sporting a $144 billion GDP.

2014 September 9, Stian Reklev, Kathy Chen, “Quenching Beijing's thirst may stunt regional growth”, in Michael Perry, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-27, Industry, Materials and Utilities:


Hart

* As an English and north/Low German surname, from the noun hart (“stag”).
* As a German surname, variant of Hardt.
* As a Jewish/Yiddish and Dutch surname, from derivatives of *hertā (“heart”), *hard(ī) (“hard”), or *herut (“stag”), or converged senses of them. These senses are also translated from other languages such as French Francoeur, Jolicoeur, Vadeboncoeur, and Native American (Cheyenne) Homa'ehesta, from homa'e (“beaver”) + hesta (“heart”).
* As an Irish surname, from Ó hairt (“descendant of Art”), from the noun art (“bear”). Compare Hartin.

The River Hart, a tributary of the River Whitewater in Hampshire, and ultimately of the Thames.


Haw

From Old English haga (“enclosure”). Also a back-formation from Middle English Hawkin, a diminutive of Harry or of a given name meaning "a hawk". Doublet of Haig.

A river in the US state of North Carolina.


Hull

Hull (countable and uncountable, plural Hulls)

French: Hull, Hullois, hullois

The town in England is Inherited from Middle English Hull, Hul, Hulle, traditionally derived from Proto-Brythonic *hʉl, from Proto-Celtic *soulos, from Proto-Indo-European *sew- (“to press”); Breeze instead suggests derivation from hula, plural of hulu (“hut”). Chaucer's Hulle (for expected *Hul, *Hule) is presumably a hypersouthernism.
The surname is either from the English town or Middle English hulle, western variant of hylle (“hill”); many other place names are ultimately from the surname.

East Riding of Yorkshire
East Riding of Yorkshire#English

A river in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, which flows into the Humber.


Humor

A river in Suceava, Romania, tributary to the Bistrița


Hunter

Hunter (countable and uncountable, plural Hunters)

A river in New South Wales, Australia; flowing 300 km from the Mount Royal Range within Barrington Tops National Park into the Tasman Sea at Newcastle; named for John Hunter, 2nd Governor of New South Wales.

A river in Western Australia, Australia; flowing 16 km from Donkins Hill near Mitchell River National Park into the Timor Sea; named by Australian explorer Philip Parker King for James Hunter, the surgeon of King's HMS Mermaid.

A river in northwest Otago, New Zealand; flowing into Lake Hāwea.

Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island#English

A river in Prince Edward Island, Canada; flowing from near Hartville into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence near North Rustico.


Ion

la-proper noun

Īōn f sg (genitive Īōnis); third declension

Īōn (canonical feminine singular)
Īōnis (genitive)
Īōn (nominative singular)
Īōnis (genitive singular)
Īōnī (dative singular)
Īōnem (accusative singular)
Īōne (ablative singular)
Īōn (singular vocative)


Iris

Iris m sg (genitive Iris); third declension

Iris (genitive)
Iris (nominative singular)
Iris (genitive singular)
Irī (dative singular)
Irem (accusative singular)
Ire (ablative singular)
Iris (singular vocative)

One of the most considerable rivers of Pontus, now the Yeşilırmak


Jordano

Jordan (a river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan)


Kama

It was led by Sen. Henry Javkson (D-Wash.), who referred at some length to an IBM computer and assorted other technology we have sold the Russians for use in their vast Kama River truck plant.

1979 August 20, “Editorial: Limiting System Exports”, in Computerworld, page 14:

According to Ponomarev's calculations, the Kama in the 1890s annually supplied the Volga with up to 850000 logs, of which about 250000 came from the Chusovaya, about 250000 from the Vyatka and its tributaries, 150000 from the Belaya,[…].

1986, Soviet Geography, volume 27, page 125:

He was ordered to seek out the rebels along the Kama and the Viatka.

1995, Sergeĭ Mikhaĭlovich Solovʹev, History of Russia, page 33:

A major river in Russia, the longest left tributary of the Volga.


Kelvin

Of Celtic/Scottish Gaelic origin, possibly from caol (“narrow”) or coille (“wooded”) + abhainn (“river”). The surname is derived from the river.
The surname was also possibly influenced by Calvert (Middle English calfhirde).

East Dunbartonshire
East Dunbartonshire#English

A river which flows through East Dunbartonshire council area and Glasgow council area, Scotland, to the River Clyde.


Kern

The unincorporated community in Missouri is named after Robert Kern. The Kern River is named after Edward Kern.

An unincorporated community in Macon County, Missouri, United States


Kinder

A minor river in Derbyshire, England, which joins the River Sett.


Kot

Kot (nominative singular)
Kota (genitive singular)
Kotowi (dative singular)
Kot (accusative singular)
Kotem (instrumental singular)
Kocie (locative singular)
Kocie (singular vocative)


Kuk

From a word meaning "river" in an Inuit language.


Lab

From Serbo-Croatian Lab, from Лаб, from Thracian Alb.


Lark

A river in England, on the border between Suffolk and Cambridgeshire.


Laurel

A number of places in the United States:

A river flowing from Lake, Kentucky into the Cumberland at Corbin, Kentucky.


Lea

A river in Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, Essex and Greater London, England, also called the Lee, which flows into the River Thames at Poplar.


Lech

de-proper noun

der Lech m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Lechs or des Leches)

der Lech (canonical masculine)
des Lechs (definite genitive)
des Leches (definite genitive)


Lee

From Irish Laoi, perhaps from an ancient personal name.


Lek

A river, the northern arm of the River Rhine, in the Netherlands.


Lek

From Middle Dutch lecke. Related to laak.

A river, the northern arm of the River Rhine, in the provinces of Utrecht, South Holland and Gelderland, Netherlands, running from the Nederrijn at Wijk bij Duurstede to the Noord at Kinderdijk.


Li

After breakfast the next day, Ho Li-chih came to invite Yang Shu-tien and me to the Li River for a boat trip to another county, Yang-shuo.

1977, Yee Chiang, “Kuei-lin and Yang-shuo”, in China Revisited, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 153:

Cormorant fishing on the Li River near Kweilin. With increasingly serious water pollution, fishing with cormorants is becoming a rare sight in China.

1985, Steven W. Mosher, Journey To The Forbidden China, Collier Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 54f:

Before going home, we flew to Guilin for a meeting with environmentalists concerned about the destruction of forests and the loss of unique wildlife, and a leisurely boat trip down the Li River, which flows through a stunning landscape marked by large limestone formations that looked as if they had burst up through the landscape of the gentle countryside.

2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, volume II, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 436–437:

Days 3-5: Guilin and Yangshuo.
Marvel at the extraordinary scenery lining the banks of the serene Li River.

2011, Andrew Forbes, China, APA Publications, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 16:

In Guilin, the second-largest city in Guangxi, Xi took a boat to inspect the ecological condition of the Li River, a popular tourist destination. The river stretches more than 400km (250 miles) through karst hills and attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors each year.

2021 April 27, Echo Xie, “Xi Jinping laments stone quarrying as he mines green theme in Guangxi”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2021-04-27, China / Politics:


Life

an Life (canonical feminine)
na Life (genitive)

→ English: Liffey

→ Fingallian: Liffy


Lima

From Old Galician-Portuguese Limia, from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia.
Cognate with Galician Limia.


Logan

From Scottish Gaelic lag (“little hollow”).

A river in the United States; flowing from the Bear River Mountains in Idaho into the Little Bear River at Benson, Utah.

A river in Queensland, Australia; flowing from near Mount Barney into the Moreton Bay at Woongoolba.


Lot

Inherited from Late Latin Oltis (Gallo-Roman).

Lot (a right tributary of the Garonne, in southern France)


Lyn

Either of two short rivers in North Devon, England, the East Lyn and West Lyn, which converge at Lynmouth before flowing into the Bristol Channel.


Lys

A river in Hauts-de-France, France and Belgium, and a left tributary of the Scheldt at Gent. This is the French spelling: the Dutch and German spelling is Leie.


Madeira

From Portuguese Madeira, from Portuguese madeira (“wood”), from Latin materia, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr (“mother”). Doublet of matter.

A river in Amazonas, Brazil, a tributary of the Amazon.


Madeira

lt-proper noun

Madeirà f (uncountable) stress pattern 2

Madeirà (canonical feminine stress-pattern-2)
Madeirà (nominative)
Madeĩros (genitive)
Madeĩrai (dative)
Madeĩrą (accusative)
Madeirà (instrumental)
Madeĩroje (locative)
Madeĩra (vocative)

Borrowed from Portuguese Madeira, from madeira (“wood”).

Madeira (a river in Amazonas, Brazil, a tributary of the Amazon).


Main

en:Main (disambiguation)
en:Main (river)

A river in southern Germany, flowing from Bavaria to the Rhine.


Main

en:Main (disambiguation)
en:River Main (County Antrim)

From an Mhaing, possibly from Old Irish mang (“fawn”), which is said to be related to Proto-Celtic *makʷos (“son”); also compare Proto-Germanic *maguz.

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

A river in Northern Ireland, flowing into Lough Neagh.


Main

de-proper noun

Main m (proper noun, strong, genitive Maines or Mains)

Maines (genitive)
Mains (genitive)
Main (nominative singular)
Maines (genitive singular)
Mains (genitive singular)
Main (dative singular)
Maine (dative singular)
Main (accusative singular)

A tributary of the Rhine, in southern Germany


Mann

As a German surname, from the root of man.

A river in the Northern Rivers region, New South Wales, Australia, which joins the Clarence River.


Mat

Mati (definite)
Mat (indefinite nominative singular)
Mati (definite nominative singular)
Mat (accusative indefinite singular)
Matin (accusative definite singular)
Mati (indefinite singular)
Matit (definite singular)


Med

We're going to the Med for four weeks this summer.

They used to go wild for villas by the Med and ski chalets in the Alps; now they are forking out for views of the Channel and hilly walks in Shropshire.

2023 July 22, Donna Ferguson, “Post-Brexit fall in English ownership of European second homes, figures show”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(informal, with definite article) Clipping of Mediterranean.


Meer

de-noun

Meer n (strong, genitive Meeres or Meers, plural Meere)

Meeres (genitive)
Meers (genitive)
Meere (plural)
Meer (nominative singular)
Meere (definite nominative plural)
Meeres (genitive singular)
Meers (genitive singular)
Meere (definite genitive plural)
Meer (dative singular)
Meere (dative singular)
Meeren (dative definite plural)
Meer (accusative singular)
Meere (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German mere, mer, from Old High German meri, from Proto-West Germanic *mari.
Cognates
Cognate with Dutch meer (“lake”), Low German Meer, meer, English mere (“sea, lake”). Via Indo-European is cognate with Latin mare.


Meer

From Middle High German mer, from Old High German meri, from Proto-West Germanic *mari, from Proto-Germanic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri, possibly from *mer-.


Mies

Alternative form: (to distinguish from the city) Miesa

A river in Bavaria, Germany and Bohemia, Czech Republic.


Mole

From Latin mola (“mill”), or otherwise a back-formation from Molesey (“Mul's Island”).

A river in Surrey, England, tributary to the Thames.

A river in Devon, England, tributary to the Taw.


Moskva

Transliteration of Russian Москва́ (Moskvá).

Follow the Moskva
Down to Gorky Park
Listening to the wind of change.

1991, Klaus Meine (lyrics and music), “Wind of Change”, in Crazy World, performed by Scorpions:

A river in Russia, a tributary of the Oka.


Neath

Neath Port Talbot
Neath Port Talbot#English

A river in Neath Port Talbot county borough, which flows into Baglan Bay.


From Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos), probably via Arabic نِيل (nīl).


cs-proper noun

Nil m inan (relational adjective nilský)

nilský (adjective relational)
Nilu (genitive singular)
Nilu (dative singular)
Nile (singular vocative)
Nilu (locative singular)
Nilem (instrumental singular)


Nile (a major river in Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi)


de-proper noun

der Nil m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Nil or des Nils)

der Nil (canonical masculine)
des Nil (definite genitive)
des Nils (definite genitive)

Nile (a major river in Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Kenya, Congo, Uganda, Ethiopia, South Sudan, Sudan and Egypt, emptying into the Mediterranean)


Nilu (genitive singular)
Nilowi (dative singular)
Nilem (instrumental singular)
Nilu (locative singular)
Nilu (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Nilus, from Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos).

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Nile (a major river flowing through Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi; one of the two longest rivers in the world, along with the Amazon)


Nȉl (canonical masculine)
Ни̏л (Cyrillic)


Niller (nominative plural)
Nil'i (accusative singular)
Nilleri (accusative plural)
Nil'e (dative singular)
Nillere (dative plural)
Nil'de (locative singular)
Nillerde (locative plural)
Nil'den (ablative singular)
Nillerden (ablative plural)
Nil'in (genitive singular)
Nillerin (genitive plural)
Nil'im (first-person singular)
Nillerim (first-person singular)
Nil'lerim (first-person singular)
Nil'in (second-person singular)
Nillerin (second-person singular)
Nil'lerin (second-person singular)
Nil'i (singular third-person)
Nilleri (singular third-person)
Nil'leri (singular third-person)
Nil'imiz (first-person plural)
Nillerimiz (first-person plural)
Nil'lerimiz (first-person plural)
Nil'iniz (plural second-person)
Nilleriniz (plural second-person)
Nil'leriniz (plural second-person)
Nil'i (plural third-person)
Nilleri (plural third-person)
Nil'leri (plural third-person)


Níl

is-proper noun

Níl f (proper noun, genitive singular Nílar)

Nílar (genitive singular)
Níl (indefinite nominative singular)
Níl (accusative indefinite singular)
Níl (dative indefinite singular)
Nílar (genitive indefinite singular)


Níl

An Níl (canonical feminine)
na Níle (genitive)
Níl (indefinite nominative singular)
a Níl (indefinite singular vocative)
Níle (genitive indefinite singular)
Níl (dative indefinite singular)
an Níl (definite nominative singular)
na Níle (definite genitive singular)
leis an Níl (dative definite singular)
don Níl (dative definite singular)


Ob

A river in Russia; the westernmost of the three great Siberian rivers.


Ob

Ob (nominative singular)
Obu (genitive singular)
Obowi (dative singular)
Ob (accusative singular)
Obem (instrumental singular)
Obie (locative singular)
Obie (singular vocative)


Orange

Some senses from French Orange, from Latin Aurasiō, from Gaulish. Other senses from the common noun orange, ultimately from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga, “orange tree”).

der

The Orange River (the longest river in South Africa)


Orange

From French Orange, from Old French Orenge, from Medieval Latin Aurasica, from Latin Aurasiō, from Gaulish.


Otter

A river with its source in the Blackdown Hills, Somerset, and which flows through Devon, to Lyme Bay in the English Channel.


Pacific

From Latin pācificus (“peace-making”), so called by Magellan because he sailed peacefully over it after weathering Cape Horn.

A municipality of Franklin County, Missouri, United States.


Pad

Pad (nominative singular)
Padu (genitive singular)
Padowi (dative singular)
Pad (accusative singular)
Padem (instrumental singular)
Padzie (locative singular)
Padzie (singular vocative)


Pad

Pȃd (canonical masculine)
Па̑д (Cyrillic)
Pȃd (nominative singular)
Pada (genitive singular)
Padu (dative singular)
Pad (accusative singular)
Pade (singular vocative)
Padu (locative singular)
Padom (instrumental singular)


Panda

la-proper noun

Panda m sg (genitive Pandae); first declension

Pandae (genitive)
Panda (nominative singular)
Pandae (genitive singular)
Pandae (dative singular)
Pandam (accusative singular)
Pandā (ablative singular)
Panda (singular vocative)


Par

Tywardreath and Par
Tywardreath and Par#English

A village and beach in Tywardreath and Par parish, east of St Austell, Cornwall, England (OS grid ref SX0753).


Park

Park (disambiguation)
Park River (Connecticut)


Parma

From Latin Parma, from Etruscan 𐌐𐌀𐌓𐌌𐌄 (parme).


Paz

paz (“peace”), shortened from María (de la) Paz, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as "Our Lady of Peace" .


Pearl

en-proper noun

Pearl (countable and uncountable, plural Pearls)

From pearl.
* (river in China): From Chinese 珠江 (Zhūjiāng, Zyu1 Gong1, “Pearl River”); calque of Chinese 珠 (zhū, zyu1, “pearl”).
* (haven in Hawaii): From Hawaiian Wai Momi (“pearl water”); calque of Hawaiian momi (“pearl”).

calque

During these ten years the northern province of Chihli, with a population of over 32,000,000, has been inundated thrice; the Huai River running through three central provinces, with people more in number than half those of the United States, overflowed twice; the two provinces of Hunan and Kiangsi, south of the Yangtsze River, likewise densely populated, have also been inundated twice, and Shantung Province, with its teeming millions, has had its territory flooded from the outbreak of the Yellow River; while the southern rivers, the Pearl in Kwangtung Province, the Min in Fukien Province, and other streams have, during the period, more than once contributed their toll of destruction.

1928 April, M. T. Liang, “Combatting the Famine Dragon”, in News Bulletin, Institute of Pacific Relations, page 9:

The Pearl is a river system in southern China.

2021, John Reibetanz, Earth Words: Coversing with Three Sages, →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://books.google.com/books?id=LPcrEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT174:

(with the) Ellipsis of Pearl River: various Pearl Rivers across the world.

Particularly, the river in Guangdong, China, the major river of Canton Province, China.


Perak

(with the) A large river in Perak, Malaysia.


Piddle

Unknown, but probably an Anglo-Saxon word for small watercourse, as several Piddle's have been found in England. One source says it comes from Old English pidele (“marsh or fen”). The word predates the modern noun or verb piddle.


Pique

A left tributary of the Garonne, Occitanie, France.


Po

The longest river in Italy, which flows 652 kilometers eastward to the Adriatic Sea near Venice.


Po

de-proper noun

der Po m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Po or des Pos)

der Po (canonical masculine)
des Po (definite genitive)
des Pos (definite genitive)


Po

Ultimately from Latin Padus, perhaps borrowed in this form from some Gallo-Italic variety to judge by the loss of /-d-/. On the other hand, should one assume that said loss occurred (irregularly) in Tuscany, the sound-changes from that point onward would be fairly straightforward: /ˈpa.o/ > /ˈpaw/ > /ˈpɔ/.


Price

en-proper noun

Price (countable and uncountable, plural Prices)

A placename:
A place in the United States:
A river in Utah, United States.


Rain

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) the Rhine (a river in Western Europe)


Ray

* As an English surname, from pet forms derived from the root of Raymond.
* Also as an English surname, from Old French rei (“king”). Compare Roy, King.
* Also as an English surname, from Old English rā (“roe deer”). Compare Roe.
* Also as an English surname, variant of Wray and Rye.
* As a Scottish Gaelic surname, shortened from McRae.
* As a French surname, from the verb raier (“to gush out, flow, radiate”). Compare Leray.
* As a Polish and Slovene surname, Americanized from Raj, from raj (“paradise”).
* As an Indian surname, variant of Rai.

A river in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, England, which joins the River Cherwell.

A river in north Wiltshire, England, which joins the Thames.


Regen

de-proper noun

der Regen m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Regens)

der Regen (canonical masculine)
des Regens (definite genitive)
Reegen (alternative)

The river name is the oldest, attested in Latin sources as Regana, Reganum, or Reganus, of unknown further ancestry.


Rein

(genitive: Reinu) a male given name, related to English Reynold and Rainer


Rein

Rein (nominative singular)
Rein (accusative nominative singular)
Reinin (accusative genitive singular)
Reinin (genitive singular)
Reinia (partitive singular)
Reinissa (inessive singular)
Reinista (elative singular)
Reiniin (illative singular)
Reinilla (adessive singular)
Reinilta (ablative singular)
Reinille (allative singular)
Reinina (essive singular)
Reiniksi (singular translative)
Reinitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Reinini (nominative singular)
Reinini (accusative nominative singular)
Reinini (accusative genitive singular)
Reinini (genitive singular)
Reiniani (partitive singular)
Reinissani (inessive singular)
Reinistani (elative singular)
Reiniini (illative singular)
Reinillani (adessive singular)
Reiniltani (ablative singular)
Reinilleni (allative singular)
Reininani (essive singular)
Reinikseni (singular translative)
Reinittani (abessive singular)
Reinisi (nominative singular)
Reinisi (accusative nominative singular)
Reinisi (accusative genitive singular)
Reinisi (genitive singular)
Reiniasi (partitive singular)
Reinissasi (inessive singular)
Reinistasi (elative singular)
Reiniisi (illative singular)
Reinillasi (adessive singular)
Reiniltasi (ablative singular)
Reinillesi (allative singular)
Reininasi (essive singular)
Reiniksesi (singular translative)
Reinittasi (abessive singular)
Reinimme (nominative singular)
Reinimme (accusative nominative singular)
Reinimme (accusative genitive singular)
Reinimme (genitive singular)
Reiniamme (partitive singular)
Reinissamme (inessive singular)
Reinistamme (elative singular)
Reiniimme (illative singular)
Reinillamme (adessive singular)
Reiniltamme (ablative singular)
Reinillemme (allative singular)
Reininamme (essive singular)
Reiniksemme (singular translative)
Reinittamme (abessive singular)
Reininne (nominative singular)
Reininne (accusative nominative singular)
Reininne (accusative genitive singular)
Reininne (genitive singular)
Reinianne (partitive singular)
Reinissanne (inessive singular)
Reinistanne (elative singular)
Reiniinne (illative singular)
Reinillanne (adessive singular)
Reiniltanne (ablative singular)
Reinillenne (allative singular)
Reininanne (essive singular)
Reiniksenne (singular translative)
Reinittanne (abessive singular)
Reininsa (nominative singular)
Reininsa (accusative nominative singular)
Reininsa (accusative genitive singular)
Reininsa (genitive singular)
Reiniaan (partitive singular)
Reiniansa (partitive singular)
Reinissaan (inessive singular)
Reinissansa (inessive singular)
Reinistaan (elative singular)
Reinistansa (elative singular)
Reiniinsa (illative singular)
Reinillaan (adessive singular)
Reinillansa (adessive singular)
Reiniltaan (ablative singular)
Reiniltansa (ablative singular)
Reinilleen (allative singular)
Reinillensa (allative singular)
Reininaan (essive singular)
Reininansa (essive singular)
Reinikseen (singular translative)
Reiniksensa (singular translative)
Reinittaan (abessive singular)
Reinittansa (abessive singular)


Rein

(Sursilvan) the Rhine (a river in Central Europe)


Ren

Ren (nominative singular)
Renu (genitive singular)
Renowi (dative singular)
Ren (accusative singular)
Renem (instrumental singular)
Renie (locative singular)
Renie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Rhein, from Middle High German, from Proto-Germanic *Rīnaz, from Gaulish Rēnos, from a Pre-Celtic or Proto-Celtic *Reinos; one of a class of river names built from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to move, flow, run”).

der

Rhine (a river in Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, France, Germany, and the Netherlands)


Roe

A river in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland.


San

A river in southeastern Poland and western Ukraine.


San

San (nominative singular)
Sanu (genitive singular)
Sanowi (dative singular)
San (accusative singular)
Sanem (instrumental singular)
Sanie (locative singular)
Sanie (singular vocative)

San (a right tributary of the Vistula in Poland and Ukraine)


San

Tonlé San (a right tributary of the Mekong in Cambodia and Vietnam)


Savannah

The cities are named after the Savannah River, possibly derived from Shawnee or Algonquian.

The name of a river and several cities in the United States:

A major city, the county seat of Chatham County, Georgia.

Los Angeles County
Los Angeles County#English

A ghost town in Los Angeles County, California.

A city, the county seat of Andrew County, Missouri.

A ghost town in Butler County, Nebraska.

A town, hamlet, and census-designated place in Wayne County, New York.

An unincorporated community in Jackson County, North Carolina.

A city, the county seat of Hardin County, Tennessee.

A census-designated place in Denton County, Texas.


See

See (genitive)
Seen (plural)
See (nominative singular)
Seen (definite nominative plural)
See (genitive singular)
Seen (definite genitive plural)
See (dative singular)
Seen (dative definite plural)
See (accusative singular)
Seen (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German sê, from Old High German sē, sēo m (“sea”), from Proto-West Germanic *saiwi m (“sea”), from Proto-Germanic *saiwiz m (“sea”). Compare Low German See (“sea, lake”), Dutch zee f (“sea”), English sea, Danish sø c (“sea, lake”).

Mein Großvater ist als Fischer zur See gefahren.

My grandfather went to sea as a fisherman.

Giorgos Christides, "Griechenland empört über Kritik aus Österreich: "Sollen wir die Flüchtlingsboote vielleicht versenken?"", Der Spiegel, January 26, 2016.
Wenn man ein Boot auf See sichte, gebe es nur eine Handlungsoption.

When one spots a boat at sea, there would only be one way to act.

Die See ist heute sehr ruhig.


Seine

A river in northern France that flows through Paris for about 772 km (480 mi) to the English Channel near Le Havre.


Seine

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Asnières-sur-Seine.wav

Inherited from Latin Sequana, from a Celtic deity who descended from the Proto-Indo-European pantheon.

Seine (a major river in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Grand Est, Île-de-France and Normandy regions, France)


Seine

de-proper noun

die Seine f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Seine)

die Seine (canonical feminine)
der Seine (definite genitive)


Smith

en-proper noun

Smith (countable and uncountable, plural Smiths)

Smiths (plural)
Smithe (alternative)
Smyth (alternative)
Smythe (alternative)

⇒ Translingual: smithi, smithii

From smith or Middle English Smith (“a surname”), alternative form of Smyth, itself from smyth (“smith”). Doublet of Schmidt, Smid, and Smit.

Nallbani

surnames derived from the equivalents of “smith”

A river in Douglas County, Oregon, United States, a tributary of the Umpqua River.

A river in Montana, United States, a tributary of the Missouri.

A river in Yukon and British Columbia, Canada, a tributary of the Liard River.

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

A river in Virginia and North Carolina, United States, a tributary of the Dan River.

A river in California, United States, flowing from the Klamath Mountains into the Pacific.

A river in New Hampshire, United States, a tributary of the Pemigewasset River.

A river in Linn County, Oregon, United States, a tributary of the McKenzie River.

A river in Quebec, Canada, a tributary of the Montmorency River.


Sound

From the common noun sound (“strait, inlet”).

Synonym of Plymouth Sound, Devon, England.


Spree

A river in Germany that flows through Lusatia and into Berlin, where it flows into the Havel.


Spree

de-proper noun

die Spree f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Spree)

die Spree (canonical feminine)
der Spree (definite genitive)

From Middle High German Sprēwe, from Old High German Sprēwa, from a Slavic language (compare Lower Sorbian Sprjewja, Czech Spréva, Polish Sprewa), but ultimately of Germanic origin, related to spreizen (“to spread, disperse”).


Stella

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia#English


Swift

A minor river in Leicestershire and Warwickshire, England, which joins the (Warwickshire) Avon north of Rugby.


Taff

* As an Irish and Welsh surname, variant of Taaffe.
* The river is from Welsh Taf

Rhondda Cynon Taf
Rhondda Cynon Taf#English

A river in southern Wales, flowing through Merthyr Tydfil county borough, Rhondda Cynon Taf county borough, and the city of Cardiff to Cardiff Bay.


Tag

Tag (nominative singular)
Tagu (genitive singular)
Tagowi (dative singular)
Tag (accusative singular)
Tagiem (instrumental singular)
Tagu (locative singular)
Tagu (singular vocative)


Tarn

Tarn (a right tributary of the Garonne, Occitanie, France)


Team

Possibly of Brythonic origin, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European but the exact root is unclear, with suggestions including *temH- (“dark”), *temh₁- (“to cut”), and *teh₂- (“to melt, flow”).

A river in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England, which flows into the River Tyne. It has other names further upstream in County Durham.


Test

A river in Hampshire, England, which empties into the Solent near Southampton.


Tigre

From Latin Tigris, from Ancient Greek Τίγρις (Tígris), from Old Persian 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠 (Tigrā), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (Idiglat), from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (Idigna, literally “fast as an arrow”).


Tigre

Etymology tree
Sumerian 𒀀𒇉?
Sumerian 𒉌?
Sumerian 𒁺?
Sumerian 𒀀?
Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼bor.
Akkadian Idiglatbor.
Old Persian 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠 (t-i-g-r-a)bor.
Ancient Greek Τίγρης (Tígrēs)bor.
Latin Tigrislbor.
Old Galician-Portuguese Tigre
Portuguese Tigre
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Tigre, from Latin Tigris, from Ancient Greek Τίγρις (Tígris), from Old Persian 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠 (Tigrā), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (^(ÍD)Idiqlat), from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (^(ÍD)Idigna, ^(ÍD)Idigina, literally “fast as an arrow”).


Till

en-proper noun

Till (countable and uncountable, plural Tills)

* As an English surname, reduced from a pet form of Matilda.
* As a north German surname, spelling variant of Thiel.

Tweed says to Till:
"What gars ye rin sae still ?"
Till says to Tweed:
"Tho ye rin wi' speed
And I rin slaw
Whar ye droon ae man,

(uncountable) A river in Northumberland, England, tributary to the Tweed.

(uncountable) A river in Wiltshire, England.

A placename:
A river in Wiltshire, England.

(uncountable) A river in Lincolnshire, England.

A placename:
A river in Lincolnshire, England.


Tone

A river in Somerset, England, which flows into the River Parrett.


Trave

A river in Schleswig-Holstein, in northern Germany.


Tunga

Name of a river in South India, joins with Bhadra forming Tungabhadra.


Van

From Turkish Van, from Ottoman Turkish وان (Van), from Middle Armenian Վան (Van).

A large saline tectonic lake of the Armenian Highland in eastern Turkey, famous for its Chalcalburnus tarichi (syn. Alburnus tarichi) fish and the 10th century Armenian cathedral on Akhtamar Island.


Vienne

→ Persian: وین (viyan)

Of disputed origin. Perhaps from the Roman name, Latin Vindobona, or possibly from a Celtic word *Veduna (“forest stream”), which would justify the phonetic evolution into the modern french form. Compare Proto-Celtic *widus (“woodland”).

Vienne (a left tributary of the Loire, in southwest France)


Virgin

From virgin, q.v. The sense of Mary, mother of Jesus, comes from the Christian belief in Jesus's virgin birth and Mary's freedom from sin. The river sense derives from the name of Thomas Virgin, a member of the first American party to see the river, led by Jedediah Smith in 1826. The town sense derives from the name of the river, along which it is located.

A tributary of the Colorado River in the states of Utah, Nevada, and Arizona in the United States.