Mohan

From Mandarin 磨憨 (Móhān) or Lü ᦢᦸᧈᦠᦱᧃ (ḃoa¹ḣaan).

Lü ᦢᦸᧈᦠᦱᧃ (ḃoa¹ḣaan)

At least 30 Uyghurs were apprehended at the town of Mohan on the border with Laos in Yunnan’s Mengla county in late September, and scores of others were detained around the province in recent weeks, a Uyghur merchant in the province told RFA’s Uyghur Service.

2013 October 3, Shohret Hoshur, Rachel Vandenbrink, “100 Uyghurs Rounded Up in Police Hunt in Yunnan”, in Shohret Hoshur, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2014-10-30:

A Southeast Asia media delegation recently participated in the "China-Laos Railway Journey", at the invitation by the People's Government of Yunnan Province, to visit Kunming, Pu'er and Xishuangbanna, and learnt of the immigration and customs procedures at the transit station in Mohan, located at the China-Laos border.

2023 June 21, Bernama, “Stricter procedures entering China via railways from Southeast Asia”, in The Straits Times, archived from the original on 2023-06-22:

The study area was located in Mohan town, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, southwestern China (21°10′ − 21°26′ N, 101°27′ − 101°41′ E). The region experiences a tropical monsoon climate, with distinct dry (November to April) and wet (May to October) seasons.

2024 October 10, Qiang Lu, Zhengfeng An, Beibei Zhang, Xiaoqiang Lu, Xia Mao, Jiaqi Li, Scott X. Chang, Yan Liu, Xiangxiang Fu, “Optimizing tradeoff strategies of soil microbial community between metabolic efficiency and resource acquisition along a natural regeneration chronosequence”, in Science of The Total Environment, volume 946, →DOI, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-12-25:

A border town neighbouring Laos in Mengla County, Xishuangbanna prefecture, Yunnan, China.


北市

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ siː¹³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ siː¹³/

(～區) Beishi (a district of Baoding, Hebei, China)


南澳

→ English: Nan'ao, Namoa

/nän³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ o¹¹/

/lam²³⁻³³ ɤ²¹/

/lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

/nän³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ o¹¹/

/lam²³⁻³³ ɤ²¹/

/lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

(～縣) Nan'ao (a county of Shantou, Guangdong, China)


天河

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (天河):
* → Japanese: 天(てん)河(が) (Tenga)
* → Korean: 천하(天河) (Cheonha)
* → Vietnamese: thiên hà (天河)

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰiæ̃²⁴ xə²⁴/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/hen³³ hᵘɔ²²/

/tʰin³³ hɔ⁴²/

/ˈtʰiɛn⁴² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ho¹¹/

/tʰie¹¹ xɤ¹¹/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁴ ɔ²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²³ ho⁵⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ ɦu²¹/

/tʰi̯ẽ³³ xo¹³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰiæ̃²⁴ xə²⁴/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/hen³³ hᵘɔ²²/

/tʰin³³ hɔ⁴²/

/ˈtʰiɛn⁴² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ho¹¹/

/tʰie¹¹ xɤ¹¹/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁴ ɔ²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²³ ho⁵⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ ɦu²¹/

/tʰi̯ẽ³³ xo¹³/

(～區) Tianhe (a district of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


天河

From Middle Chinese 天河 (*ten *ha, literally “heavenly river”). Compare Mandarin 天河 (Tiānhé, “Milky Way”), Vietnamese thiên hà (“galaxy”).


Iunã

alternative form of Yunnan: Yunnan (a province in southwestern China, bordering Myanmar (Burma), Laos and Vietnam)


共青城

ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄥˊ

/kʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ²² t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/kʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ²² t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

Named after 共青團／共青团 (gòngqīngtuán); compare Russian комсомо́л (komsomól).

(～市) Gongqingcheng (a sub-prefectural city of Jiangxi, China, formerly a county-level city in Jiujiang)


北苑

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn⁵¹/

(～街道) Beiyuan (a subdistrict of Xiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China)


紅河

/xʊŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xʊŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

Calqued from a Western language; compare French fleuve Rouge, English Red River. See Vietnamese Sông Hồng for more.

～哈尼族彝族自治州 紅河哈尼族彝族自治州#Chinese

(～哈尼族彝族自治州, ～州) Honghe (a Hani and Yi autonomous prefecture in Yunnan, China)

(～縣) Honghe (a county of Honghe prefecture, Yunnan, China)


Red River

They have also identified the fault in the earth's crust along which this motion took place. It is a belt of severely altered rocks more than 600 miles long, from Tibet to the Gulf of Tonkin. The Red River, which flows from China across Vietnam into the gulf, follows this zone.

1990 February 20, “SCIENCE WATCH; How Indochina Moved”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-25, Section C, page 13:

Thanks to the Red River, the principal watercourse that disgorges into the gulf, the coastal region has long enjoyed a navigable connection to the foothills of the gulf's mountainous hinterland (modern Laos, northern Vietnam, and Yunnan) and to the peoples of the region and the valuable local products that historically flowed downriver from them to the sea.

2011, Li Tana, “The Tongking Gulf Through History: A Geopolitical Overview”, in Nola Cooke, Li Tana, James A. Anderson, editors, The Tongking Gulf Through History, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 5:

A river in northern Vietnam and Yunnan, southern China.

紅河 /红河

the Red River of Yunnan in southern China and of northern Vietnam


沅江

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Yuan River (The Yuan River of Hunan in China)

(～市) Yuanjiang (a county-level city of Yiyang, Hunan, China)


Yuan River

It is said at Hankau that boats can travel up stream 4000 li by three different routes—the Yangtse Chiang, the Yuan river in Hu Nan, and the Han river.

1898 September, W. R. Carles, “THE YANGTSE CHIANG”, in The Geographical Journal, volume XII, number 3, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 236:

Now that the Japanese menace has been removed, at least temporarily, refugee farmers and artisans are drifting back to their homes in Hunan, south of the Yuan River. On the long hard trek from Taoyuan our party of military attaches and correspondents met them on hard lumpy paths, crossing winter paddy fields.

1944 January 3 [1943 December 29], Brooks Atkinson, “MANY ATROCITIES LISTED BY CHINESE; Barbarity of Japanese Held to Be Psychopathic Compensation for Lack of Charm”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-02, page 3:

General Fu Yu-te commanded an army of 100,000 which assembled in Hu-kuang Province (Hu-pei and Hu-nan area). Aside from a part of his army which he dispatched post-haste to Wu-san (present-day Wei-ning in western Kuei-chou)(See Photos 7 and 8), he personally led the main body. He entered Kuei-chou from Hu-nan along the Yuan River route.

1954, Herold J. Wiens, “The history of South Chinese tribal movements and migrations”, in Han Chinese Expansion in South China, Shoe String Press, published 1967, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 88:


元江

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣 哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣#Chinese

(～哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣, ～縣) Yuanjiang (an autonomous county of Yuxi, Yunnan, China)


Yuanjiang

From the pinyin romanization of Mandarin 沅江 (Yuánjiāng, “Yuan River”).

AN advanced fishing village in learning from the Tachai Brigade, the Kuanchushan Production Brigade of Wantzuhu Commune in Yuanchiang County lies on Tungting Lake in central China's Hunan Province.

[1971, Peking Review, volume 14, →OCLC, page 17:

In the eyes of many Chinese, the boy was a heartless criminal who deserved to be punished. But in China, where the minimum age of criminal responsibility is 14, he could not be held legally responsible. The boy was released by the authorities in the town of Yuanjiang, in Hunan Province, with no conditions.

2018 December 14, Amy Qin, “12-Year-Old in China Kills His Mother, Then Returns to School, Igniting an Outcry”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-12-14, Asia Pacific:

The hot days had been accumulating over the past few weeks, with Yuanjiang in Hunan province having exceeded 95 degrees (35 Celsius) for 22 straight days as of Friday.

2023 April 17, Dan Stillman, “Historic Asia heat breaks hundreds of records, with extremes in Thailand and China”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-02, Weather:

A county-level city of Yiyang, Hunan, China, along the Yuan River.


拱橋

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/ki̯uŋ³¹ kʰi̯eu̯¹¹/

/kiuŋ²⁴⁻³³ kʰiau⁵⁵/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio¹³/

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/ki̯uŋ³¹ kʰi̯eu̯¹¹/

/kiuŋ²⁴⁻³³ kʰiau⁵⁵/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio¹³/

(～村) Gongqiao (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


安陽

→ English: Anyang, An-yang

/ˀän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/on²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/an³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/on²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/an³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Anyang (a county of Anyang City, Henan, China)

(～鎮) Anyang (a town in Yunyang district, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


Beihai

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 北海 (Běihǎi, literally “North Sea”).

The port was opened to foreign trade by the Chefoo Convention of 1876, and in the succeeding period a considerable traffic was developed by coolies and transport animals between Pei-hai and the Hsi Chiang Valley of Kwangsi Province.

[1968, Theodore Shabad, “PEI-HAI”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 17, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 529, columns 1-2:

The city of Beihai in the southern province of Guangxi said in a statement online that the four boys — three of them aged 12 and one of them 11 — were searching in a city bay Saturday afternoon when they drowned.

2014 September 28, “4 boys in China drown while searching for eggs”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-06-22:

A prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, in southern China.

The pure waters of the Northern Lake (Pei-hai) originated in the Jade Spring Mountain and passed through the long Grand Canal and flowed through Shih-ch'a Lake. Then it fed into the Central Lake (Chung-hai) and the Southern Lake (Nan-hai), all the way to the Tung-tzu River.

[1978, Chih-yen Hsia, translated by Liang-lao Dee, The Coldest Winter in Peking, Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Co., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 311:

Beijing is changing fast to get ready for the Olympics -- definitely wander the hutongs before they are demolished. If you're looking for a cheap place to stay run by the nicest of people, try Downtown Backpackers (No. 85, Nanluogu Alley, Dongcheng District). It's in the middle of a nice little hutong area a short walk from the Houhai/Beihai Lakes area.

2006 September 3 [2006 July 26], Lili, quotee, “The Frugal Traveler Sees the World”, in The New York Times, National edition, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-18, Section 5/Travel, page 1:


شىنجاڭ

head

شىنجاڭ • (şınjañ)

Шынжаң Шынжаң#Kazakh

Arabic spelling of Шынжаң (Şynjañ): Xinjiang (a Uyghur autonomous region of China, located in the sparsely populated northwest)

Шынжаң

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script


شىنجاڭ

Xinjiang (a Uyghur autonomous region of China, located in the sparsely populated northwest)


松江

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Songjiang (a district and former county of Shanghai and Jiangsu, China)

(～府) (historical) Songjiang (a historical commandery of Jiangsu, China, whose capital was Huating (華亭／华亭) county, or present-day Songjiang district, Shanghai)

(historical) (～省) Songjiang (a former province of China, now incorporated into Heilongjiang)


聯誼

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i⁵¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i³⁵/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ ɡi³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi³³/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i⁵¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i³⁵/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ ɡi³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi³³/

(～村) Lianyi (a village in Zhashan, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


綿陽

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

(～市) Mianyang (a city in Sichuan, China)


Shanghái

Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


淮河

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/huai²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/huai²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

(～鎮) Huaihe (a town in Sui, Suizhou, Hubei, China)


Ганконг

be-noun

Ганко́нг<sg>

Ганко́нг • (Hankónh) m inan (genitive Ганко́нга, uncountable, relational adjective ганко́нскі)

Ганко́нг (canonical)
Hankónh (romanization)
Ганко́нга (genitive)
ганко́нскі (adjective relational)
Ганко́нг (nominative singular)
Ганко́нга (genitive singular)
Ганко́нгу (dative singular)
Ганко́нг (accusative singular)
Ганко́нгам (instrumental singular)
Ганко́нгу (locative singular)

be-ndecl

Ганко́нг<sg>

Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


Пекін

be-proper noun

Пекі́н • (Pjekín) m inan (genitive Пекі́на, uncountable)

Пекі́н (canonical)
Pjekín (romanization)
Пекі́на (genitive)
Пекі́н (nominative singular)
Пекі́на (genitive singular)
Пекі́ну (dative singular)
Пекі́н (accusative singular)
Пекі́нам (instrumental singular)
Пекі́не (locative singular)
Пэкі́н (alternative Taraškievica)


Пекін

head

Пекі́н • (Pekín) m

rue-noun

Пекі́н • (Pekín) m


Пекін

uk-proper noun

Пекі́н • (Pekín) m inan (genitive Пекі́на, uncountable, relational adjective пекі́нський)

Пекі́н (canonical)
Pekín (romanization)
Пекі́на (genitive)
пекі́нський (adjective relational)
Пекі́н (nominative singular)
Пекі́на (genitive singular)
Пекі́нові (dative singular)
Пекі́ну (dative singular)
Пекі́н (accusative singular)
Пекі́ном (instrumental singular)
Пекі́ну (locative singular)
Пекі́ні (locative singular)
Пекі́не (singular vocative)


マカオ

中華人民共和国マカオ特別行政区

Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku Makao Tokubetsu Gyōseiku

the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China

Macau (a city, special administrative region, and peninsula in China, west of Hong Kong)


黃花

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ho⁴⁴/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ho⁴⁴/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Huanghua (a town in Yiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China, formerly a township)


民樂

(～縣) Minle (a county of Zhangye, Gansu, China)


嘉定

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Jiading (a district and former county of Shanghai, China)

(～鎮街道, formerly ～鎮) Jiading (a subdistrict and former town in Jiading district, Shanghai, China)


Jiading

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 嘉定 (Jiādìng, literally “Commendable Order”), after one of the era names under Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty.

bor

Kia-ting (alternative)
Chia-ting (alternative)
Chiating (alternative)

Seven satellite towns are currently being built outside Shanghai based on European models. "German Town" will be situated in Anting Town, Jiading District, home to an international automotive center.

2004 April 20, “Architect Sheds Father's Legacy in China”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2016-04-14, Culture:

Supporters insist the series is growing in China, noting that attendance at the Chinese GP has picked up since 2010 when F1 boss Bernie Ecclestone accused local organizers of not promoting the race "properly" and suggesting no one in Shanghai would have known a race was taking place.[…]
Local firms in Jiading district near the track are eager to capitalize, and those tied to the automotive industry are running electric car demonstrations and other activities to draw fans.

2013 April 10, Michael Casey, “Formula One slow to catch on in China”, in USA Today, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-04-11:

The Shanghai prosecutor’s office said in a statement that prosecutors from Shanghai’s Jiading district brought the cases against 10 defendants, including some connected to Husi’s facilities in Shanghai and Hebei province.

2015 October 2, “China charges 10 with repackaging, selling old meat”, in AP News, sourced from BEIJING (AP), archived from the original on 2025-04-07:

A subdistrict forming the core of the district of Jiading, Shanghai, China.


通道

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯²²/

/tʰɔŋ³³ to⁴¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to²²/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ³³/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ to³³/

/tʰɔŋ³³ tɔ⁴¹/

/tʰoŋ³³⁻²³ tau³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯²²/

/tʰɔŋ³³ to⁴¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to²²/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ³³/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ to³³/

/tʰɔŋ³³ tɔ⁴¹/

/tʰoŋ³³⁻²³ tau³⁵/

侗族自治縣 侗族自治縣#Chinese

(～侗族自治縣, ～縣) Tongdao County (an autonomous county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


Cao Câu Ly

Alternative spelling of Cao Câu Li.: (historical) Goguryeo (an ancient kingdom in modern Korea, one of the Three Kingdoms, existing from 37 BCE to 668 C.E.; at its maximum covering all of North Korea, the northern part of South Korea, parts of Manchuria in northeast China, and parts of Primorsky Krai in Russia)


ຮົງກົງ

hong kong (romanization)
ຮ່ອງກົງ (alternative)


Songjiang

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 松江 (Sōngjiāng, literally “Pine River”).

Sung-chiang (alternative)
Sungkiang (alternative)

The explosion rocked the Riteng Computer Accessory Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of Pegatron, in Shanghai’s Songjiang district.[…]
Wu told the AP in China: “Our hearts go out to the people who were hurt in Songjiang. We are working closely with Pegatron to understand the cause of this accident.”

2011 December 20, Hayley Tsukayama, “Report: Apple partner Pegatron under scrutiny after blast”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-12-20, Tech:

A statement issued Monday by the Shanghai government and posted on its Web site said that there were piglets in the river as well as adult swine weighing hundreds of pounds. Residents in the Songjiang district, the area southwest of downtown Shanghai where most of the pigs have been discovered, said this was not the first time they had seen dead pigs in the Huangpu.

2013 March 11, Edward Wong, “Thousands of Dead Pigs Found in Chinese River”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-03-11, Asia Pacific:

A district of Shanghai, China, located along the Grand Canal and formerly the principal city of the region.

(historical) A former province in China. Capital: Mudanjiang.


Taiping

From Mandarin Chinese 太平 (Tàipíng, literally “Great Peace, Great Pacified Region”).

Tai-ping (alternative)
Tai-p'ing (alternative)
T'ai-p'ing (alternative)
Tai Ping (alternative)

Chiang-su was the main centre of the great Tʻai Pʻing rebellion, Nanking being the rebel capital from 1853 to 1864.

[1898, Harlan P. Beach, Dawn on the Hills of Tʻang, New York, →OCLC, page 154:

From the age of thirteen, Huang Pin-hung was able to study paintings in private collections that were being dispersed in the area around his ancestral home in She-hsien, An-hui Province, in the wake of the T’ai-p’ing Rebellion; he was particularly impressed by the works of Tung Ch’i-ch’ang (1555-1636) and Cha Shih-piao (1615-98).

[2004, Jason C. Kuo, “Introduction”, in Transforming Traditions in Modern Chinese Painting: Huang Pin-hung's Late Work, Peter Lang, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 6:

The Nien Rebellion was made up of insurgents who opposed the Qing dynasty, which also had to contend with yet another movement, the Taiping, which was active in the south.

2015, Valerie M. Hudson, The Hillary Doctrine : Sex and American Foreign Policy, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 81:

(historical) The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, a rebel state in southern, eastern, and central China during the mid-19th century.

Taiwan’s coastguard has said it plans to hold rescue drills in waters around Taipei’s sole territorial holding in the disputed South China Sea at the end of this month, and that the drills could involve its navy.
The exercises to be held around Itu Aba, known by Taiwan as Taiping, would include drills in rescuing shipwrecked personnel, the coastguard said. More details would be released later, it said in a statement on its website late on Sunday.
“Currently the navy regularly patrols near Taiping Island. We don’t rule out the navy playing a supporting role in future humanitarian rescue drills being held near Taiping,” the Coast Guard Administration said in the statement.

2016 November 20, J.R. Wu, “Taiwan says it plans rescue drills in South China Sea this month”, in Paul Tait, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2016-11-21, Emerging Markets:

Taiping, also known as Itu Aba, is the biggest natural feature in the Spratly islands. It is currently occupied by Taiwan but is also claimed by China, the Philippines and Vietnam.

2022 April 28, “China says Taiwan ‘playing with fire’ over alleged Taiping Island plans”, in Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2022-04-28:

Taiping, also known as Itu Aba, the largest of the naturally occurring Spratly Islands (Nansha Islands, 南沙群島), lies 1,600 kilometers southwest of Kaohsiung and is administered as part of the special municipality's Cijin District.

2023 June 11, Joseph Yeh, “Vietnam's accusation of sovereignty infringement "unacceptable": Taiwan”, in Focus Taiwan, archived from the original on 2023-06-11, Politics:

Various districts, towns, townships, mountains, and islands in China, Taiwan, and Malaysia.

Parit is a small town of roughly 2,000 people in the state of Perak, deep in the rural heartland of Malaysia, with no distinguishing feature other than its attractive location on the banks of a muddy river, which served as the backdrop to a few scenes in the 1999 movie “Anna and the King.” Once a convenient and bustling stopping-off point on the winding road from Ipoh, the state capital, to Taiping in the north, Parit suffered from the construction of the North-South Expressway in the 1990s, which diverted passing trade away from the town.

2015 July 23 [2015 July 22], Tash Aw, “A Return to the Malaysian Village”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-07-22, Opinion:

In Taiwan province, a gathering attended by 10,000 people was held at Pingling military camp in Taiping village, Taichung county.

1981 April 5, “Youths in ROC vow to carry out national goals”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXII, number 13, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:

In tracing the history of the cases, it found that a 60-year-old female patient in Taichung's Taiping District Xinguang Borough began experiencing symptoms including fever in mid-August.

2018 September 6, M. Chuang, “登革熱再增7病例 中市6例.高市1例 [CDC Confirms Seven New Dengue Fever Cases]”, in Public Television Service, archived from the original on 2018-09-07:

(historical) Taiping Prefecture, a former prefecture of China located west of Nanjing during the Ming and Qing dynasties.


Kuaiji

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 會稽 /会稽 (Kuàijī).

IN 240 B.C., Lu Buwei, the Prime Minister of China under the first Emperor of the Qin dynasty, directed the compilation of an encyclopedia of all that was known. Called the "Spring and Autumn Annals," the encyclopedia included myriad tales, this among them:
"The King of Yue stopped at Kuaiji. There, he poured wine in the river. His men drank from the waters and then fought with a hundredfold more energy."

1988 August 31, Edward A. Gargan, “China's Heady and Heralded Yellow Wine From Shaoxing”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-12-15, Home & Garden, page 3:

Yu, the legendary king who founded China’s Xia dynasty, which supposedly existed from around 2070BC to 1600BC, told his ministers in his old age that after his death, he wished to be buried on the Kuaiji Mountain, which is around 150km (90 miles) southwest of Shanghai.

2021 December 2, Wee Kek Koon, “How ancient Chinese wills protected the deceased’s family, and the contents of China’s original last will and testament”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-12-01, Opinion:

A mountain near Shaoxing, Zhejiang, in China legendarily associated with Yu the Great.


紹興

→ English: Shao-hsing, Shaoxing

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau⁴¹⁻²² hiɪŋ³³/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/zɔ²² ɕin⁴⁴/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau⁴¹⁻²² hiɪŋ³³/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/zɔ²² ɕin⁴⁴/

(～市) Shaoxing (a prefecture-level city in eastern Zhejiang, China)


紹興

ja-pos

紹(しょう)興(こう) • (Shōkō)


Shaoxing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 紹興 /绍兴 (Shàoxīng), named for an era of the Song dynasty.

Shao-hsing (alternative)
Shaohsing (alternative)
Shaohing (alternative)

Now, demand is waning in the United States, and Shaoxing, a coastal city that is one of the world’s biggest textile centers, has fallen victim to the global downturn.

2009 February 27, David Barboza, “A Textile Capital of China Is Hobbled by a Downturn Gone Global”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-04-01, World Business:

A prefecture-level city in eastern Zhejiang, China, along the southern shore of Hangzhou Bay, the site of the former capitals of the Yue kingdom and Kuaiji Commandery.

Cambridge University Press
Chinese History: A New Manual
Harvard University Press
Shaoxing


지난

Jinan (the provincial capital of Shandong, China)


上城

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ²¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ²¹/

Shangcheng District
w:Shangcheng District

Shangcheng District (a district of Hangzhou, which includes the sites of the imperial Chinese cities of Qiantang and Lin'an)


臨安

/lin³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/lin³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Lin'an (a district of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)


Qiantang

/t͡ʃiˌænˈtæŋ/

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
Qian Liu
Qiantang
Tang dynasty
Wuyue

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 錢塘 /钱塘 (Qiántáng), named for the dyke constructed on the river by Qian Liu, ruler of Wuyue, one of the Ten Kingdoms that succeeded the Tang dynasty.

Ch‘ien-t‘ang (alternative)
Ch'ien-t'ang (alternative)

In the Province of Chekiang, near the chief City of Hangcheu, runs a River, which in regard of its courſe, is called ſometimes Che, at other times Cientang, and in ſome places Cingan.

[1669, John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, →OCLC, page 238:

The Choushan Archipelago of Chekiang, visited by both the cold and warm currents, is rich in fishes of cold- and warm-water origin which come in search of the nutritious food washed down by the Yangtse and Chientang waters. Choushan is now China’s biggest fishing ground.

[1964, 任育地 [Jen Yu-ti], “Seas”, in 中国地理概述 [A Concise Geography of China], Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, →OL, page 46:

The prince had the two old canals of the Wu kings widened, deepened, and lined with rock. Then he extended the canal around Tai Hu, and south to the Chientang River.

[1967, Lyn Harrington, “Sui—"The Son of a Talented Father Shows Talent"”, in The Grand Canal of China, Rand McNally & Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 27:

The Severn has England's best bore, but it is less impressive than some others. North America has a spectacular one on the Petitcodiac River in New Brunswick. India has several. The Amazon has one. The greatest of all is said to be on the Qiantang River in Hangzhou, China.

1985 December 22, Roy Reed, “HERE COMES THE SEVERN BORE”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-24, Section 10, page 23:

To the west and beyond the lake to the south was the broad river the Qiantang, at its widest almost two miles across, at its narrowest, at least half a mile.

2002, R. Keith Schoppa, Song Full of Tears: Nine Centuries of Chinese Life at Xiang Lake, Westview Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 3:

“Tides: The Science and Spirit of the Ocean” Author, surfer and sailor Jonathan White discusses his book, in which he recounts being under Arctic ice with an Inuit elder, hunting for mussels in the dark cavities left behind at low tide, a race with the “Silver Dragon,” a 25-foot tidal bore that surges 80 miles up the Qiantang River, and interviewing monks who live in a tide-wreathed monastery on Mont Saint-Michel, France.

2017 April 20, Gerri Marmer, “D.C. community and cultural events, April 20-27, 2017”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-04-20, Social Issues:

A river in China, flowing north and east through Zhejiang into Hangzhou Bay.


Jingpo

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 鏡泊湖／镜泊湖 (Jìngpō Hú, literally “mirror lake”), named for the supposed clarity of its waters.

zh-l

An extensive alternation of the Manchoukuo Government's project for the establishment of a gigantic State-owned hydroelectric power-house near the Chingpo Lake in Mutankiang Province, is recommended in an official report just submitted by the party of experts which was recently dispatched to the spot to conduct further investigations into the project.

[1938 April, “Chingpo Power Project Revised”, in The Far Eastern Review, volume XXXIV, number 4, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 151, column 2:

Many if not most young people in China like to write poems and the friends who were with me at Chingpo Lake were no exception to the rule.[…]
Thirty-six kilometres from the sanitorium at Chingpo Lake, and we came inside the re- mains of the outer walls of the capital of Po- hai Kingdom, of which more anon.

[1971, Rewi Alley, “Mutankiang”, in Eastern Horizon, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 9, columns 1, 2:

He was fishing on a lake called Jingpo Hu in northeast China, caught a bass - which the Chinese call Ao Hua Yu - that weighed more than five pounds -but was told that some of the lake's bass were over 30 pounds.[…]
The group then goes to Jingpo Hu (Mirror Lake) for five or six days of fishing - for lake trout and muskellunge as well as bass.

1982 March 28, Stanley Carr, “Travel Advisory; NORDIC HERITAGE AND WESTERN WAGONS”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-24, Section 10, page 3:

JINGPO LAKE 镜泊湖
Jingpo, or “Mirror,” Lake, south of Mudanjiang, was formed by volcanic explosions near the Mudan River over 5000 years ago. Despite throngs of summer tourists, Jingpo Lake Reserve can be surprisingly peaceful due to its sprawling size.

2005, Shelley Jiang, editor, Let's Go: China (Let's Go), 1st edition, New York: St. Martin's Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 237:

A lake on the Mudan River in northern China.


南山

/nän³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(Internet slang) an alternative name for Tencent, literally "the undefeatable one (in court) in the Nanshan District"

南山必勝客

南山必胜客

(～區) Nanshan (a district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)

(～區) Nanshan (a district of Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～區) Nanshan (a county-controlled district in Zhuolu, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China)


Nanshan

From Mandarin Chinese 南山 ("South Mountain"; "any southern mountain, hill, range, or island").

for Japanese placenames derived from the same characters

for Korean placenames derived from the same characters

In the election on May 9, Chen Huibin won, but the other candidate, Wu Haining, cried foul. As Chen was preparing for a five-year term as the local delegate, starting with the fourth Nanshan District People’s Congress held on May 27, Wu claimed the election was fraudulent and reported it to the Shenzhen and Nanshan District People’s Congress Standing Committee.

2003 June 13, Ivy Zhang, “Was the Right Person Elected?”, in Beijing Today, number 108, →OCLC, page 8, column 1:

Shenzhen’s Nanshan District is scattered with state-of-the-art high-rises, impressive corporate headquarters, government buildings, five-star hotels, and fancy shopping malls.

2012, Behzad Yaghmaian, The Accidental Capitalist: A People's Story of the New China, Pluto Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 160:

On Tuesday, the Shenzhen Nanshan District Court sentenced Wang Jianmin, 63, to five years and three months in jail and Guo Zhongxiao, 41, to two years and three months, Wang’s lawyer, Chen Nansha, said.[...]
The Shenzhen Nanshan District Court, district government and foreign affairs office did not immediately respond to a request comment. The Hong Kong police said arrests in mainland China were outside of their jurisdiction.

2016 July 26, Tris Pan, Lindsy Long, Sharon Shi, Clare Baldwin, “Two Hong Kong magazine executives jailed in China - lawyer”, in Robert Birsel, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-07, World News:

Various towns, districts, and subdistricts of China.

A district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, across Deep Bay from Hong Kong.


Lushan

In the village of Tunghua in Lushan county of Honan Province a child bride, Li Hsiu-yuan, demanded a divorce, but the local officials were against it, and for three months, the case hung fire.

1959, C. K. Yang, The Chinese Family in the Communist Revolution, M.I.T. Press, published 1972, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 82:


孤山

/ku⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Gushan (a mountain in Jingjiang, Jiangsu, China)

Gushan (an island of West Lake, Hangzhou)


Gushan

From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese 孤山 (Gūshān; "Lonely Mountain, an isolated mountain, hill, or island").

Kushan (alternative)
Ku-shan (alternative)


雁蕩

/jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑŋ⁵¹/

(～鎮) Yandang (a town in Yueqing, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China)


Yandang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 雁蕩 /雁荡 (Yàndàng, literally “Wild Goose Pond”).

bor

A town in Yueqing, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.


天臺山

Тяньтай Шань

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Mount Tiantai:
a mountain in Chengdu, Sichuan


莫干山

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ kän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ kän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Named after 莫邪 (Mòyé) and 干將 (Gānjiāng), two legendary southern swordsmiths during China's Spring and Autumn Period.


馬尾

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mui³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bue⁴⁴⁵/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ bue⁵²⁻²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mui³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bue⁴⁴⁵/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ bue⁵²⁻²¹/

(～區) Mawei (a district of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


前衛

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ wɐi̯²²/

/t͡siɛn¹³⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ui³³/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ui³³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ wɐi̯²²/

/t͡siɛn¹³⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ui³³/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ui³³/

(～鎮) Qianwei (a town in Lantian, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)


漢口

→ English: Hankou, Han-k'ou, Hankow

/xän⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ hɐu̯³⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kʰau⁵³/

/xän⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ hɐu̯³⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kʰau⁵³/

From its position at the Han River's confluence with the Yangtze.

(～市) (historical) Hankou (a former city in Hubei, China, now part of Wuhan)


漢口

(historical) Hankou (a former city in Hubei, China, now part of Wuhan)


漢口

Ultimately from Mandarin 漢口／汉口 (Hànkǒu), probably via English Hankow.

zh-l

漢口／汉口 (Hànkǒu)


濟州

→ English: Chi-chou, Jizhou

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(historical) Jizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Henan and Shandong, China)

(historical) Jizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Shandong, China)

(historical) Jizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Jilin, China)


마카오

Unknown. Perhaps borrowed from English Macao. Compare Japanese 媽港(マカオ) (makao).

Macau (a city, special administrative region, and peninsula in China, west of Hong Kong)


장사

Changsha (the provincial capital of Hunan, China)


上高

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² kou̯⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² kou̯⁵⁵/

(～縣) Shanggao (a county of Yichun, Jiangxi, China)


安達

/ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

(～市) Anda (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


Sông Hồng

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˦˩]

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

sông (“river”) + hồng (“red”), calque of French fleuve Rouge. The Sinicized Hồng Hà was also calqued from the same source.
The native/colloquial name (tên Nôm) of the river was sông Cái, literally "great/big river"; this word was transliterated by the French as Song-Koï and Song-Coï. The literary name(s) (tên chữ) of the river was 珥水 (Nhị/Nhĩ thuỷ) (textual evidence) and 珥河 (Nhị/Nhĩ hà); both the readings nhĩ and nhị for the first character were in use, although nhị seems to be more common.
Since 紅河 (Hồng Hà) was adopted late (during the colonial period), it is not clear if it ever sufficiently replaced 珥水 (Nhị/Nhĩ thuỷ) and 珥河 (Nhị/Nhĩ hà) as the administrative tên chữ. Some of the earlier works attesting the spread of sông Hồng (Hà/Giang) as the vernacular name of the river including Nam Hải dị nhân liệt truyện (1909) and Việt Nam sử lược (1920). With the spread of sông Hồng, both the native tên Nôm sông Cái and the administrative-literary tên chữ 珥水 (Nhị/Nhĩ thuỷ)/珥河 (Nhị/Nhĩ hà) were rendered obsolete.

Red River (a river in northern Vietnam and Yunnan, southern China)


大竹

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

(～縣) Dazhu (a county of Dazhou, Sichuan, China)

(～村) Dazhu (a village in Xinshi, Jingshan, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


金華

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/kiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/kiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/

(～市) Jinhua (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, China)


Jinhua

/d͡ʒɪnˈhwɑː/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 金華 /金华 (Jīnhuá, literally “golden flourishing”).

der

Kinhwa (alternative)
Chin-hua (alternative)
Chinhua (alternative)

From Wenchow there was a bus route to Kinhua, the provincial capital; and from Kinhua a railroad led straight inland to Nanchang.

[1941, Joy Homer, Dawn Watch in China, →OCLC, page 6:

An international flock of young architects has left its imprint on Jinhua, a city about four hours south of Shanghai. Since March 2004, 17 pavilions have risen there, all set on a 44-acre riverfront park.

2005 October 9, Andrew Yang, “The Remix; Art Park”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-29, Magazine:

In the latest case the infant was found in the sewage pipe in a residential building in Jinhua in the wealthy coastal province of Zhejiang on Saturday afternoon after residents reported the sound of a baby crying, state television said late on Monday.

2013 May 28, Ben Blanchard, Sally Huang, “Abandoned Chinese baby rescued from toilet pipe”, in Michael Perry, editor, Reuters, sourced from BEIJING (Reuters), archived from the original on 2025-03-21:

Over 370 people were detained, prosecuted or otherwise reprimanded in the case, police in Jinhua city said in a statement on their website. Jinhua is in Zhejiang province on China’s eastern coast, a zone known for its shadowy financial networks.

2015 November 20, Erika Kinetz, Yu Bing, Fu Ting, “China breaks up $64 billion underground banking network”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-07:

A major city in central Zhejiang, in eastern China.


涼水

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lœːŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/liaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sui⁴¹/

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lœːŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/liaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sui⁴¹/

(～村) Liangshui (a village in Wudian, Zaoyang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)


سند

→ Arabic: السِّنْد (as-sind)

→ English: Sind

Indus (a major river in China, India and Pakistan, rising in Tibet and flowing into the Arabian Sea)


東突厥斯坦

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˊ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

Дун Туцзюэсытань

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

East Turkestan
East Turkestan#English:_Q840601

East Turkestan (a geographic region in northwestern China; in modern usage, a synonym of Xinjiang used by the East Turkestan independence movement)


Cáp Nhĩ Tân

[kaːp̚˧˦ ɲi˦ˀ˥ tən˧˧]

[kaːp̚˦˧˥ ɲɪj˧˨ təŋ˧˧]

[kaːp̚˦˥ ɲɪj˨˩˦ təŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Cáp Nhĩ Tân.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 哈爾濱, from Mandarin 哈爾濱 /哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn), from Manchu ᡥᠠᡵᠪᡳᠨ (harbin).

Harbin (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, in northeastern China)


Leihe

The moderately sensitive area was the buffer region one kilometer away from the water source, involving in part the the^([sic]) Leihe development region and the town of Kongwan.

2011, Jing Zhang, Ke Wang, Xinming Chen, Wenjuan Zhu, “Combining a Fuzzy Matter-Element Model with a Geographic Information System in Eco-Environmental Sensitivity and Distribution of Land Use Planning”, in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, volume 8, number 4, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1216:

There are 10 town^([sic – meaning towns]) in Yicheng City, that are Xiaohe, Zhenji, Kongwan, Liuhou, Wangji, Banqiao, Liushui, Yancheng, Nanying and Leihe.

2013, Wenling Jiang, Yu He, “Space Distribution Pattern Research and Optimization Analysis of Rural Settlements in Yicheng City”, in Sustainable Cities Development and Environment Protection, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 50:

In Liaohe Village, Leihe Town, Yicheng City, the clean and tidy hardened road, the interesting cultural wall, and the green farm yard seem to be in a beautiful picture. Material life has become better, cultural life is also colorful, and local villagers are immersed in the festive celebration of the festival, displaying various folk culture programs.

2022 January 26, “Starting from happiness - Xiangyang City held a special program activity for the benefit of grass-roots culture in the New Year”, in LaiTimes, archived from the original on 2022-10-13:

A town in Yicheng, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.


Xiangtan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 湘潭 (Xiāngtán, literally “[place of the] Xiang River eddy”).

bor

Hsiangtan (alternative)
Hsiang-t'an (alternative)
Siangtan (alternative)

Mao’s hometown, Xiangtan City, in Hunan Province, is spending $2.5 billion on public events celebrating him.

2013 December 25, Gao Wenqian, “China Must Purge Mao's Ghost”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-12-26, Opinion:

The Industry Foundation of the Chinese city of Xiangtan, in the southern province of Hunan, Geely-backed GLy Capital and South Korea's Mirae Asset also participated in the capital raise, according to the statement.

2022 October 26, Roxanne Liu, Kane Wu, “Chinese automaker Geely's new energy brand Farizon raises over $300 mln”, in Bernadette Baum, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2010-10-26, Autos & Transportation:

A prefecture-level city of Hunan, China, on the lower Xiang River.


馬鞍

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ on²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uã³³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ on²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uã³³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

(～鎮) (historical) Ma'an (a town in Yunxi, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鄉) Ma'an (a township in Hanchuan, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～村) Ma'an (a village in Wanquan, Honghu, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


城南

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

(～街道) Chengnan (a subdistrict of Jingzhou district, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)

(～村) Chengnan (a village in Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


粵東

/ɥɛ⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/uak̚⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/uak̚⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

粵東僑鄉

粤东侨乡

eastern Guangdong dialects of Southern Min

粵東閩南語

粤东闽南语

eastern Guangdong edition of Ram City Evening News

《羊城晚報》粵東版

《羊城晚报》粤东版

eastern Guangdong (a region of Guangdong, China), equivalent to the prefecture-level cities of Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang, Shanwei, and Meizhou


粵西

/jyːt̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

western Guangdong (a region of Guangdong, China)


Hương Cảng

[hɨəŋ˧˧ kaːŋ˧˩]

[hɨəŋ˧˧ kaːŋ˧˨]

[hɨəŋ˧˧ kaːŋ˨˩˦]

(historical, dated in colloquial usage, sometimes used in literary contexts): Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


Hồng Công

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

From Cantonese 香港 (hoeng1 gong2; Hương Cảng).

alternative spelling of Hồng Kông: Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


高村

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Gaocun (a town in Wuqing district, Tianjin, China)

(～鄉) (historical) Gaocun (a township in Wuqing district, Tianjin, China)

(～村) Gaocun (a village in Gaocun, Wuqing district, Tianjin, China)


神山

/ʂən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Shenshan (a town in Chibi, Xianning, Hubei, China)


大江

English: Ta

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ai³² kɔŋ³³/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ koŋ²⁴/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ai³² kɔŋ³³/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ koŋ²⁴/

(～鎮) Dajiang (a town in Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong)

(～鎮) Dajiang (a town in Xinxing, Yunfu, Guangdong)


향항

(Yanbian) Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


北山

→ English: Beishan

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Chuanying district, Jilin, Jilin, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Yanji, Yanbian, Jilin, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Xiangyang district, Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Lingdong district, Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Xinxing district, Qitaihe, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Aimin district, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Xihu district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Macun district, Jiaozuo, Henan, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Qingtian, Lishui, Zhejiang, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Longhui, Shaoyang, Hunan, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Yizhou district, Hechi, Guizhou, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Suibin, Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Duchang, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Dazhou district, Dazhou, Sichuan, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Xide, Liangshan, Sichuan, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Minhe, Haidong, Qinghai, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Menyuan, Haibei, Qinghai, China)

(～村) Beishan (a village in Bo'ao, Qionghai, Hainan, China)

(～村) (historical) Beishan (a village in Lingshanwei, Huangdao district, Qingdao, Shandong, China)

Purple Mountain
w:Purple Mountain (Nanjing)

alternate name for Purple Mountain (a mountain in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China)

Bagong Mountain
w:Bagong Mountain Scenic Spot

alternate name for Bagong Mountain (a mountain in Bagongshan district, Huainan, Anhui, China)


沙嘴

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (沙嘴):
* → Japanese: 砂嘴(さし) (sashi)

/ʂä⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂä⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～街道) Shazui (a subdistrict of Xiantao, Hubei, China)


東土耳其斯坦

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

Дун Туэрцисытань

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

East Turkestan (a geographic region in northwestern China; in modern usage, a synonym of Xinjiang used by the East Turkestan independence movement)


紅花

/xʊŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho³³/

/xʊŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho³³/

(～村) Honghua (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


江川

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Jiangchuan (a district and former county of Yuxi, Yunnan, China)


煙臺

→ English: Yantai, Yen-tai, Yen-t'ai

/jɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/ieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nai⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai¹³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ tʰai⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/ieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nai⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai¹³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ tʰai⁵⁵/

(～市) Yantai (a coastal prefecture-level city in northeastern Shandong, China)

(～村) Yantai (a village in the township of Haidao, Xiapu County, in the prefecture-level city of Ningde, Fujian, China)


서장

[sʰʌ̹d͡ʑa̠ŋ]


侏儒

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʐu³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ zu²³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻²³ d͡zu⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʐu³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ zu²³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻²³ d͡zu⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/

Possibly cognate with 蜘蛛 (OC *te to, “spider”), per the dialectal dictionary Fangyan (1st century CE):
:
Compare the derivation of English midget from midge.

“Te to”, spider; also called “to mo”. To the west of Hangu Pass, in the Qin and Jin regions, it is called “to mo”. To the east of the Pass, in the Zhao and Wei regions, it is called “te to”, or “to lo”. The latter is an alternation of the word “to no” (“dwarf”). In the Northern Yan, Korea, and Lie River regions, it is called “to la”.

Zhīzhū, zhūmáo yě. Zì Guān ér xī, Qín Jìn zhījiān wèi zhī zhūmáo. Zì Guān ér dōng, Zhào Wèi zhī jiāo wèi zhī zhīzhū, huò wèi zhī zhúyú, zhúyú zhě zhūrú yǔ zhī zhuǎn yě. Běiyàn Cháoxiān Lièshuǐ zhījiān, wèi zhī dúchú.

鼅鼄，鼄蝥也。自關而西，秦晉之間謂之鼄蝥。自關而東，趙魏之郊謂之鼅鼄，或謂之蠾蝓，蠾蝓者侏儒語之轉也。北燕朝鮮洌水之間，謂之蝳蜍。

𱌄𬹣，𬹣蝥也。自关而西，秦晋之间谓之𬹣蝥。自关而东，赵魏之郊谓之𱌄𬹣，或谓之𧑏蝓，𧑏蝓者侏儒语之转也。北燕朝鲜洌水之间，谓之蝳蜍。

(～街道) Zhuru (a subdistrict of Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


公館

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuːn³⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ³³ kuan⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuːn³⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ³³ kuan⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴¹/

(～鎮) Gongguan (a town in Hepu, Beihai, Guangxi, China)

(～鎮) Gongguan (a town in Maonan district, Maoming, Guangdong, China)

(～鄉) Gongguan (a township in Xunyang, Ankang, Shaanxi, China)


龍門

/lʊŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/noŋ²¹ mən²¹/

/lʊŋ²¹ muːn²¹/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ bun²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴/

/loŋ²² mən⁴⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/noŋ²¹ mən²¹/

/lʊŋ²¹ muːn²¹/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ bun²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴/

/loŋ²² mən⁴⁴/

(～縣) Longmen (a county of Huizhou, Guangdong, China)

(～街道) Longmen (a subdistrict of Wushan, Chongqing, China)


星光

Sino-Xenic (星光):
* → Korean: 성광(星光) (seonggwang)

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ kuaŋ³³/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ kuaŋ³³/

(～村) Xingguang (a village in Chengbei, Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～村) Xingguang (a village in Zhashan, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


朝天

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Chaotian District (a district of Guangyuan, Sichuan, China)


國子監

Sino-Xenic (國子監):
* → Vietnamese: Quốc Tử Giám (國子監)

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄗˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄗˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡siː³⁵ kaːm³³/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡siː³⁵ kaːm³³/

(～社區) Guozijian (a residential community in Andingmen, Dongcheng district, Beijing, China)


板橋

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiɔː²⁴/

/paːn³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiɔː²⁴/

/paːn³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

(～鎮) Banqiao Town (name of various towns in China)

(～鎮) Banqiao (a town in Nanzhang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Banqiao (a town in Enshi, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


Tarim Basin

More surprises were in store. In the last two decades, Chinese archeologists digging in the same region, the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang Province, have uncovered more than 100 naturally mummified corpses of people who lived there 4,000 to 2,400 years ago.

1996 May 7, John Noble Wilford, “Mummies, Textiles Offer Evidence Of Europeans in Far East”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2009-08-07, SCIENCE:

At Cherchen, the only town of any size in the entire southeastern quadrant of the Tarim Basin (itself an oval 400 by 800 miles in diameter, mostly desert), they learned that locals had discovered an extensive antique cemetery on a plateau above the nearby hamlet of Zaghunluq.

1999, Elizabeth Wayland Barber, The Mummies of Ürümchi, W. W. Norton & Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 43:

The Tarim basin currently has an annual production capacity of over 2 million tonnes of condensate and 10 bcm of natural gas.

2019 October 4, Aizhu in Singapore Chen, Sun Yilei in Shanghai, “PetroChina unit strikes high oil, gas flows in deep Tarim well”, in Kenneth Maxwell, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2019-10-05, Commodities:

An endorheic basin in Xinjiang autonomous region, northwest China, occupying an area of about 906,500 km2 (350,000 sq mi).


柏原

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柏原 (Kashiwara).

obor

(～村) Baiyuan (a village in Dongsong, Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China)


黃梅

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹/

(～縣) Huangmei (a county of Huanggang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Huangmei (a town in Huangmei, Huanggang, Hubei, China)


古山

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～村) Gushan (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


齊齊哈爾

desc

→ English: Ch'i-ch'i-ha-erh, Chichihaerh, Qiqiha'er, Qiqihaer

ㄑㄧˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄚ ㄦˇ

ㄑㄧˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄚ ㄦˇ

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ xä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ xä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

(～市) Qiqihar (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


南昌

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/nam¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰyɒŋ⁵³³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiaŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiaŋ³³/

/nø²² t͡sʰɑ̃⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/nam¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰyɒŋ⁵³³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiaŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiaŋ³³/

/nø²² t͡sʰɑ̃⁴⁴/

Attested in the Book of Han as the name of a county and the seat of Yuzhang Commandery (豫章郡, a commandery in present-day Jiangxi) since no later than 2 CE.

(～市) Nanchang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Jiangxi, China)

(～縣) Nanchang (a county of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China)

(～村) Nanchang (a village in Wanquan, Honghu, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


無錫

→ English: Wuhsi, Wu-hsi, Wusih, Wuxi

/mou̯²¹ sɛːk̚³/

/u⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛiʔ²⁴/

/bu²⁴⁻²² siaʔ³²/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siaʔ²/

/vu²² ɕiɪʔ⁴⁴/

/mou̯²¹ sɛːk̚³/

/u⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛiʔ²⁴/

/bu²⁴⁻²² siaʔ³²/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siaʔ²/

/vu²² ɕiɪʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Wuxi (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, in eastern China)


無錫

『無錫旅情』

"Traveling in Wuxi" (song by Daisaku Ogata)


常州

→ English: Changzhou, Changchow, Ch'ang-chou

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zã²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zã²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Changzhou (a prefecture-level city in southern Jiangsu, China)


台州

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰe⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰe⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Taizhou (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, China)


南通

English: Nantong, Nan-t'ung, Nantung

/nän³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰoŋ³³/

/nø²² tʰoŋ⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰoŋ³³/

/nø²² tʰoŋ⁴⁴/

(～市) Nantong (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


貴陽

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (貴陽):
* → Japanese: 貴(き)陽(よう) (Kiyō)
* → Vietnamese: Quý Dương (貴陽)

→ English: Guiyang, Kweiyang, Kuei-yang

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/ku̯i⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/kui¹¹ ʒoŋ⁵⁵/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/kui⁴² yɒŋ¹³/

/kui⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yøŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/kui¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/ku̯i⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/kui¹¹ ʒoŋ⁵⁵/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/kui⁴² yɒŋ¹³/

/kui⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yøŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/kui¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

(～市) Guiyang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Guizhou, in southwestern China)

(～府) (historical) Guiyang (a former commandery of late imperial China)


貴陽

Guiyang (the capital city of Guizhou prefecture, China)


淮安

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Huai'an (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


Huai'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 淮安 (Huái'ān).

Hwaian (alternative)
Huai-an (alternative)

In 486 B.C., King Fu Chai of Wu, in an attempt to seek supremacy in the north, constructed the Han Canal from Jiangdu to Huai'an, both in modern Jiangsu Province, so that the Huaihe River was linked with the Changjiang River.

1982, Bai Shouyi (白寿彝), editor, 中国通史纲要 [An Outline History of China] (China Knowledge Series), Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, page 103:

Three have died in the last month, said the Information Center for Human Rights and Democracy, a Hong Kong-based watchdog group. They include Zhang Zhenggang, 36, a bank clerk from Huaian in Jiangsu Province, who the center said was beaten with wooden clubs on March 25 and lapsed into a coma.

[2000 April 21, Elisabeth Rosenthal, “China Admits Banned Sect Is Continuing Its Protests”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-10-16, International:

The new cases in Wuhan, along with infections in the nearby cities of Jingzhou and Huanggang since Saturday, were linked to cases in the city of Huaian in Jiangsu province, said Li Yang, vice director of the Hubei province disease control centre.

[2021 August 2, Ryan Woo, “China's Wuhan to test all 12 million residents as Delta variant spreads”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-08-04, China:

A prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu, in eastern China.

淮安

a prefecture-level city in eastern China


臨沂

/lɐm²¹ jiː²¹/

/l̃iŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim¹³⁻²² ɡi¹³/

/lim²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi²⁴/

/lim²³⁻³³ ɡi²³/

/lɐm²¹ jiː²¹/

/l̃iŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim¹³⁻²² ɡi¹³/

/lim²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi²⁴/

/lim²³⁻³³ ɡi²³/

(～市) Linyi (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


Linyi

China has banned electro-shock therapy as a treatment for Internet addiction, citing uncertainty in the safety and effectiveness of the practice after criticism in the local media.
The Ministry of Health announcement followed recent media reports about a controversial psychiatrist in Linyi, Shandong Province, who administered electric currents to nearly 3,000 teenagers in an attempt to rid them of their Internet habit.

2009 July 14, Liu Zhen, Lucy Hornby, “China bans electro-shock therapy for Internet addicts”, in Miral Fahmy, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-13, Lifestyle:

A prefecture-level city in southern Shandong, China.


Linyi

"After the publication of the great leader Chairman Mao's instruction on commenting on 'Water Margin', the 1,300 or so representatives attending a Yuncheng prefectural conference on wheat production launched enthusiastic study and comment on it.[…]
(Sun Chang-hsiang), chairman of the revolutionary committee of (Shihwu) brigade in Linyi County, said: "We shall persist in launching serious comment and discussion on 'Water Margin' so that everyone will see clearly the true colors of the capitulationists.

1975 September 12 [1975 September 9], “Shansi Prefecture Holds Forum on 'Water Margin'”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 178, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, People's Republic of China: North Region, page K 3:


惠州

→ English: Huizhou, Waichow

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Huizhou (a prefecture-level city in southeastern Guangdong, China)


淮北

→ English: Huaibei, Huai-pei

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːi̯²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/ɦua²² poʔ⁴⁴/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːi̯²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/ɦua²² poʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Huaibei (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


Huaibei

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 淮北 (Huáiběi).

Huaipei (alternative)
Huai-pei (alternative)

The Yangtse and Huai Rivers cut through Anhwei, dividing it into three areas from north to south — Huaipei, Huainan and Wannan.
The greater part of Huaipei, the area north of the Huai, consists of plain less than 50 metres above sea level. In the past it was almost all dry land, growing mainly wheat and sweet potatoes.

[1964, Yu-ti (任育地) Jen, “The Middle and Lower Yellow River Region”, in 中国地理概述 [A Concise Geography of China], Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 122:

The biggest project completed this year was the construction of a 150‐mile waterway linking Honan, Anhwei and Kiangsu Provinces across the Huaipei Plain.[…]
The Huaipei plain project was launched in 1966, but in Hupeh Province 600,000 workers re portedly took only six months to build a 60 mile‐long canal.

[1970 July 6 [1970 July 5], “CHINESE MASSES WORK ON CANALS”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-08, page 7:

The newspaper said that in the central Chinese town of Huaipei, every purchaser of a pack of Unity cigarettes also had to buy a pack of Chianghuai cigarettes, even though they were considered a much inferior brand.

[1978 September 5, Jay Mathews, “Between Puffs, Chinese Warned on Cigarette Hazards”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-04:

The wall fell on the schoolgirls as they gathered on the sidelines of an outdoor basketball game at Tongren Middle School in the city of Huaibei, the Anhui Administration of Work Safety said on its official website.

2014 December 8, “5 Chinese students die after school wall collapses”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-12:

A prefecture-level city in northern Anhui, China.


منغوليا

ar-proper noun

مُنْغُولِيَا

مُنْغُولِيَا

مُنْغُولِيَا • (monḡōliyā or munḡūliyā) f

مُنْغُولِيَا (canonical)
monḡōliyā (romanization)
munḡūliyā (romanization)

(chiefly historical) Mongolia (a Mongolian-speaking geographic region in East Asia, including the country of Mongolia (Outer Mongolia), the autonomous region of Inner Mongolia in China, and sometimes also Buryatia, Tuva and the Altai Republic in Russia)


Wei River

/ˈweɪ ˌɹɪvə(ɹ)/

Partial calque from Mandarin 渭河 (Wèihé, literally “Wei river”)

The fact, therefore, that the Tae pings, when they raised the siege of Hwae king on the 1st September marched westwards by it into Shan se, shows that the Imperial forces were strong enough to prevent their descent by the Wei river.

1856, Thomas Taylor Meadows, The Chinese and their Rebellions, London: Smith, Elder & Co., →OCLC, page 176:

Leaving Kuanyint'ang there is a drop into a ravine and then a stiff climb of a few hundred feet to reach the pass over a range of mountains, the watershed between the Lo and Yellow rivers. This ridge is really the end of one of the principal ranges of the Ch'inling Shan, the one which runs east and west right across Shensi immediately south of the Wei River.

1921, Eric Teichman, Travels of a Consular Officer in North-West China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →OCLC, →OL, page 3:

THERE WAS NO China, only a collection of squabbling states, before the short-lived but powerful Qin dynasty (221-206 B.C.) brought terror and unity to the land. The Qin were the first to stake their capital here, on the Wei River, but the country’s Han majority — now the world’s biggest ethnic group, more than a billion strong, representing nearly one out of every six people on earth — take their name from the Qin’s successor, the Han dynasty, which raised a new capital nearby, Chang’an, in 202-200 B.C.

2020 May 11, Ligaya Mishan, “Eating in Xi’an, Where Wheat and Lamb Speak to China’s Varied Palette”, in New York Times, archived from the original on 2020-05-11:

A major river in west-central China's Gansu and Shaanxi provinces, and the largest tributary of the Yellow River.


赤城

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Chicheng (a county of Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China)


吳淞

→ English: Woosung, Wusong

District and town named such due to its location at the mouth of the Suzhou Creek.

(～街道) Wusong (a subdistrict of Baoshan district, Shanghai, China)

(historical) (～鎮) Wusong (a former town in the municipality of Shanghai, China)


Wusong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 吳淞 /吴淞 (Wúsōng).

A subdistrict of Baoshan District in Shanghai, China.


海永

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Haiyong (a town and former township in Haimen district, Nantong in Jiangsu, China; a pene-exclave of Haimen, Jiangsu, originally on the separate island of Yonglongsha but now merged with the northern shore of Chongming Island)


長興島

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Changxing Island
Changxing Island#English

Changxing Island (an island of the city of Dalian, China)

Changxing Island (an island of the city of Shanghai, China)


義烏

→ English: I-wu, Yiwu

/jiː²² wuː⁵⁵/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi⁴¹⁻²² ɔ³³/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻¹¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/jiː²² wuː⁵⁵/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi⁴¹⁻²² ɔ³³/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻¹¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Yiwu (a county-level city and former county of Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)


阿勒泰

/ˀä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/aː³³ lɐk̚² tʰaːi̯³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/aː³³ lɐk̚² tʰaːi̯³³/

Borrowed from Kazakh التاي (Altay). Doublet of 阿爾泰 /阿尔泰 (Ā'ěrtài).

(～地區) Altay (a prefecture of Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～市) Altay (a county-level city of Altay prefecture, Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


江門

→ English: Jiangmen, Kongmoon

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/kɔŋ³³ ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/køyŋ⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/kɔŋ³³ ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/køyŋ⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

(～市) Jiangmen (a city in Guangdong, China)


撫順

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/fuː³⁵ sɵn²²/

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/fuː³⁵ sɵn²²/

(～市) Fushun (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


咸陽

→ English: Hsien-yang, Xianyang

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/haːm²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/haːm²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

Xianyang is located at the south of the Jiuzong mountains and north or Wei River. This satisfied both meanings of the character 陽 /阳 (yáng, “south side of mountain or north side of river”) in toponymy.

(～市) Xianyang (a city in Shaanxi, China)


海門

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ muːn²¹/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ muŋ⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ muːn²¹/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ muŋ⁵⁵/

(～區, formerly ～市, ～縣) Haimen (a district of Nantong, Jiangsu, China; a former county-level city and former county of Nantong, Jiangsu, China)

(～鎮) Haimen (a town in Chaoyang district, Shantou, Guangdong, China)


海門

ja-pos

海門(かいもん) or 海門(ハイメン) • (Kaimon or Haimen)


楊樹浦

desc

→ English: Yangshupu, Yangtszepoo, Yangtsze-Poo

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～河) Yangshupu Creek (a creek in Yangpu district, Shanghai, China)

(historical) (～區) Yangshupu District (former name of Yangpu District: a district of Shanghai, China)


楊浦

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou⁵²/

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou⁵²/

A contraction of the earlier 楊樹浦 /杨树浦 (Yángshùpǔ), named for the 楊樹浦 /杨树浦 (Yángshùpǔ)河 (hé, “Yangshupu Creek”) in the area.

(～區) Yangpu (a district of Shanghai, China)


啟隆

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

A compound of Qidong (its county) and Yonglongsha (the former island on which it was founded)

(～鄉) Qilong Township (a township in Qidong, Nantong in Jiangsu, China; a pene-exclave of Jiangsu province on Chongming Island)


番禺

/pʰän⁵⁵ y³⁵/

/pʰuːn⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/pʰᵘɔn³³ ᵑɡui²²/

/pʰuan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/pʰũã³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

/pʰuaŋ³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

/pʰän⁵⁵ y³⁵/

/pʰuːn⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/pʰᵘɔn³³ ᵑɡui²²/

/pʰuan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/pʰũã³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

/pʰuaŋ³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

Classic of Mountains and Seas
Records of the Grand Historian

Attested in the Records of the Grand Historian and the Classic of Mountains and Seas.
There are multiple theories attempting to explain the origin of the name:
* There were two mountains in the region, 番山 (“Pan Mountain”) and 禺山 (“Yu Mountain”). 番禺 was formed by combining the first characters of the names of the two mountains.
* From 番山之禺 (“corner of Pan mountain”), with 禺 (yú) being equivalent to 隅 (yú, “corner”).
* From 蕃禺 (“remote place of foreign tribes”), composed of 蕃 (fān, “foreign tribes”) and 禺 (yú) (equivalent to 隅 (yú, “corner; remote place”)).
* Composed of Proto-Tai *ɓaːnꟲ (“village”) and Proto-Tai *klwɯəᴬ (“salt”) (literally "salt village").

(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Panyu (a district, former county, and former county-level city of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


淮揚

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

the prefecture-level cities of Huai'an and Yangzhou in Jiangsu province, China

Huaiyang (a cultural area between the Yangtze and Huai rivers, particularly near the Grand Canal connecting Huai'an and Yangzhou in Jiangsu province, China)


西沙

→ English: Hsisha, Xisha

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

(～區) Xisha (a district of Sansha, Hainan, China)


啟東

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɐi̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɐi̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Qidong (a county-level city of Nantong, Jiangsu, China)


三沙

→ English: Sansha

From its three component areas of 中沙 (Zhōngshā, literally “central sand (Zhongsha)”), 南沙 (Nánshā, literally “south sand (Nansha)”), and 西沙 (Xīshā, literally “west sand (Xisha)”).

zh-l

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

2007, 海南籌建三沙市 爭議海域設轄區 面積約全國1/4

Zhōngguó jiāng zài yǔ dōngméng guójiā yǒu zhǔquán zhēngyì de nánzhōngguóhǎi bùfēn dǎoyǔ jí hǎiyù kuòdà xíngzhèng guǎnxiá qūyù. Jù běn bào dédào de xiāoxī, guówùyuàn yǐ pīzhǔn Hǎinán Xǐng zhèngfǔ de tíyì, jiāng xiànyǒu de Xīshā Qúndǎo bànshìchù shēnggé, shèlì xiànjíshì “Sānshā Shì”, xiàxiá Xīshā, Zhōngshā, Nánshā zhū qúndǎo. Mùqián yǒuguān jiànshì chóubèi gōngzuò zhèngzài jìnxíng. Xiāoxī chēng, wèilái de sānshā shì de hǎiyù fànwéi jiāng yú 200 wàn píngfānggōnglǐ, jiējìn quánguó lùdì miànjī (960 wàn píngfānggōnglǐ) de sì fēn zhī yī.

中國將在與東盟國家有主權爭議的南中國海部分島嶼及海域擴大行政管轄區域。據本報得到的消息，國務院已批准海南省政府的提議，將現有的西沙群島辦事處升格，設立縣級市「三沙市」，下轄西沙、中沙、南沙諸群島。目前有關建市籌備工作正在進行。消息稱，未來的三沙市的海域範圍將逾200萬平方公里，接近全國陸地面積(960萬平方公里)的四分之一。

2007, 海南籌建三沙市 爭議海域設轄區 面積約全國1/4

中国将在与东盟国家有主权争议的南中国海部分岛屿及海域扩大行政管辖区域。据本报得到的消息，国务院已批准海南省政府的提议，将现有的西沙群岛办事处升格，设立县级市「三沙市」，下辖西沙、中沙、南沙诸群岛。目前有关建市筹备工作正在进行。消息称，未来的三沙市的海域范围将逾200万平方公里，接近全国陆地面积(960万平方公里)的四分之一。

(～市) Sansha (a prefecture-level city of Hainan, China, responsible for the administration of the PRC's claims south of Hainan Island in the South China Sea)


三沙

→ English: Sansha

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Sansha (a town in Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


濰坊

/weɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵⁵/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍³³/

/i¹³⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²³⁻³³ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/weɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵⁵/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍³³/

/i¹³⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²³⁻³³ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

(～市) Weifang (a city in Shandong, China)


周口

→ English: Zhoukou

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁴¹/

/t͡sɤ⁵⁵ kʰɤ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁴¹/

/t͡sɤ⁵⁵ kʰɤ²¹/

(～市) Zhoukou (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


菏澤

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/ho⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛiʔ⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚²⁴/

/ha¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/ha²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/o⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sek̚⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/ho⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛiʔ⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚²⁴/

/ha¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/ha²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/o⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sek̚⁴/


濟寧

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ nɪŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ nɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Jining (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


諸城

→ English: Chu-ch'eng, Zhucheng

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Zhucheng (a city in Shandong, China)


阜陽

/fu⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/fu⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/pʰɛu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/hu²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu³³⁻²¹ iɔŋ²³/

/hu³³⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iaŋ¹³/

/vɤ²² ɦiã⁴⁴/

/fu⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/fu⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/pʰɛu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/hu²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu³³⁻²¹ iɔŋ²³/

/hu³³⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iaŋ¹³/

/vɤ²² ɦiã⁴⁴/

(～市) Fuyang (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


鹽城

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/sieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/iam²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/iam²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/ɦi²² zən⁴⁴/

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/sieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/iam²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/iam²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/ɦi²² zən⁴⁴/

(～市) Yancheng (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


衡陽

/xɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

Yang (south) of Mount Heng; based on Yin and yang toponymy in which south is associated with yang. Hengyang is situated to the south of Mount Heng.

(～市) Hengyang (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)

(～縣) Hengyang (a county of Hengyang, Hunan, China)


滄州

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Cangzhou (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


邢臺

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/hĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/hĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai⁵⁵/

(～市) Xingtai (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


邵陽

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/siou³⁵⁻¹¹ iaŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/siou³⁵⁻¹¹ iaŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Shaoyang (a county of Shaoyang, Hunan, China)


南充

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ³³/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ³³/

(～市) Nanchong (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


曲靖

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

(～市) Qujing (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


茂名

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹ miŋ³⁵/

/mɐu̯²² mɪŋ²¹/

/mou³⁵⁻¹¹ mĩã⁵⁵/

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹ miŋ³⁵/

/mɐu̯²² mɪŋ²¹/

/mou³⁵⁻¹¹ mĩã⁵⁵/

Named after Jin (晉) dynasty Taoist scholar and doctor 潘茂名 (Pān Màomíng).

named-after

(～市) Maoming (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)

(～縣) Maoming (a former county of Guangdong, China)


聊城

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liaŋ⁵³/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi⁴¹/

/liau¹³⁻²² siã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/liau²³⁻³³ siã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰi³³/

/liɔ²² zən⁴⁴/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liaŋ⁵³/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi⁴¹/

/liau¹³⁻²² siã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/liau²³⁻³³ siã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰi³³/

/liɔ²² zən⁴⁴/

(～市) Liaocheng (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


常德

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/siaŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/zã²² təʔ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/siaŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/zã²² təʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Changde (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


新鄉

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕiã²¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕiã²¹/

(～市) Xinxiang (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)

(～縣) Xinxiang (a county of Xinxiang City, Henan, China)


六安

→ English: Liu'an, Liu-an, Luan, Lu'an

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/l̃øyʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² an³³/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/l̃øyʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² an³³/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

(～市) Lu'an (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


泰安

→ English: T'ai-an, Tai'an

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

(～村) Tai'an (a village in Beiwan, Jingyuan, Baiyin, Gansu, China)


綏化

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ faː³³/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ faː³³/

(～市) Suihua (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


宿州

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Suzhou (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


平頂山

desc

→ English: P'ing-ting-shan, Pingdingshan

ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄕㄢ

ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄕㄢ

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tɪŋ³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾niŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ san³³/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tɪŋ³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾niŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ san³³/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

(～市) Pingdingshan (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


亳州

→ English: Bozhou, Po-chou

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡siu³³/

/pɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/boʔ¹¹ t͡sɤ²³/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡siu³³/

/pɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/boʔ¹¹ t͡sɤ²³/

(～市) Bozhou (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


漳州

ja-r

漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (漳州):
* → Japanese: 漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)
* → Korean: 장주(漳州) (Jangju)
* → Vietnamese: Chương Châu (漳州)

desc

→ English: Zhangzhou, Chang-chou, Changchow, Chang-chow, Changchew, Chiangchew, Tsiang-tsiu

→ Dutch: Zhangzhou, Tsiang-tsiu

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡syɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡syøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡syɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡syøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Zhangzhou (a prefecture-level city of Fujian, China)

(historical) Zhang Prefecture (a former prefecture of Fujian, China)


桂林

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (桂林):
* → Japanese: 桂林(けいりん) (Keirin)
* → Korean: 계림(桂林) (Gyerim)
* → Vietnamese: Quế Lâm (桂林)

→ English: Guilin, Kuei-lin, Kweilin

→ Georgian: კუეილინი (ḳueilini)

→ Korean: 구이린 (Gu'irin)

→ Zhuang: Gveilinz

/kʷɐi̯³³ lɐm²¹/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lim¹¹/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim²⁴/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lim⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ lɐm²¹/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lim¹¹/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim²⁴/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lim⁵⁵/

(～市) Guilin (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(historical) (～郡) Guilin (an ancient commandery in modern Guangxi autonomous region, China)


宿遷

→ English: Su-ch'ien, Suqian, Sutsien

/su⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰieŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɛn³³/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

/su⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰieŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɛn³³/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

(～市) Suqian (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


泰州

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰa³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰa³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/


宜賓

→ English: I-pin, Yibin, Yipin

/jiː²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/


連雲港

ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄍㄤˇ

ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄍㄤˇ

/li̯ɛn³⁵ yn³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liːn²¹ wɐn²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² hun¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ hun²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ hun²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/li²² ɦyn⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ yn³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liːn²¹ wɐn²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² hun¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ hun²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ hun²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/li²² ɦyn⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

(～市) Lianyungang (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


廊坊

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ³⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ³⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Langfang (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


赤峰

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

Calque of Mongolian ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ (ulaɣanqada).

calque

(～市) Chifeng (a prefecture-level city of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


臨汾

→ English: Linfen, Lin-fen

/lɐm²¹ fɐn²¹/

/lɐm²¹ fɐn²¹/

(～市) Linfen (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


滁州

→ English: Ch'u-chou, Chuzhou

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/tu¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/tu¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Chuzhou (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


肇慶

desc

→ English: Chaoching, Chao-ch'ing, Chaoking, Shiuhing, Zhaoqing

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ³³/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau⁴¹⁻²² kʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau³³⁻¹¹ kʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/tiau³³⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/zɔ²² t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ³³/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau⁴¹⁻²² kʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau³³⁻¹¹ kʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/tiau³³⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/zɔ²² t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/

(～市) Zhaoqing (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


株洲

→ English: Chu-chou, Chuchow, Zhuzhou

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Zhuzhou (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


柳州

→ English: Liuzhou, Liu-chou, Liuchow

→ Zhuang: Liujcouh

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɐu̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/liu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɐu̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/liu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

(～市) Liuzhou (a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi autonomous region, China)


濱州

/pin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Binzhou (a city in Shandong, China)


棗莊

→ English: Tsao-chuang, Zaozhuang

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sou̯³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔ³³ t͡sɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sou̯³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔ³³ t͡sɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～市) Zaozhuang (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


內江

/neɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Neijiang (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


焦作

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːk̚³/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ t͡soʔ²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːk̚³/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ t͡soʔ²¹/

(～市) Jiaozuo (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


蕪湖

→ English: Wuhu

/u⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/u⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

(～市) Wuhu (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


玉林

/jʊk̚² lɐm²¹/

/ŋyʔ⁵⁻³³ l̃iŋ⁵³/

/kœʔ⁴⁻²¹ liŋ¹³/

/kyøʔ⁴⁻² liŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lim¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²³/

/ɡek̚⁴⁻² lim⁵⁵/

/jʊk̚² lɐm²¹/

/ŋyʔ⁵⁻³³ l̃iŋ⁵³/

/kœʔ⁴⁻²¹ liŋ¹³/

/kyøʔ⁴⁻² liŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lim¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²³/

/ɡek̚⁴⁻² lim⁵⁵/

From its original name 鬱林, which is homophonous with 玉林 in Mandarin but not in the local Yue dialect.
In numerous texts from the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China era, 鬱林 was written as 玉林, presumably because the character 鬱 is relatively more complex. The official name change from 鬱林 to 玉林 took place in April 1956.
Note a similar name change did not take place for Yunan (鬱南) county in Guangdong.

(～市) Yulin (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


巴中

→ English: Bazhong, Pa-chung

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Bazhong (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


蚌埠

/pɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/pʰɔːŋ¹³ fɐu̯²²/

/pʰouŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾muɔ²⁴²/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻²² po⁴¹/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ³³⁻¹¹ po³³/

/paŋ³³⁻²¹ pɤ³³/

/pɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/pʰɔːŋ¹³ fɐu̯²²/

/pʰouŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾muɔ²⁴²/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻²² po⁴¹/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ³³⁻¹¹ po³³/

/paŋ³³⁻²¹ pɤ³³/

(～市) Bengbu (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


錦州

/t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Jinzhou (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


鎮江

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sən³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sən³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～市) Zhenjiang (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


鎮江

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 鎮江 /镇江 (Zhènjiāng).


秦皇島

→ English: Qinhuangdao

ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˇ

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sin¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁵³/

/t͡sin²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sin¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁵³/

/t͡sin²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

(～市) Qinhuangdao (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


威海

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ui⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ai³³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ui⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ai³³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

(～市) Weihai (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


日照

→ English: Jih-chao, Rizhao

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² t͡siːu̯³³/

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² t͡siːu̯³³/


牡丹江

→ English: Mudanjiang, Mu-tan-chiang

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu²¹⁴ d̥än⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tan³³ kaŋ³³/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu²¹⁴ d̥än⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tan³³ kaŋ³³/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

牡丹 (mǔdān) is a phono-semantic matching of Manchu ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ (mudan, “bend”), in the Manchu name for the river ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ
ᡠᠯᠠ (mudan ula, “river of bends”).

psm

(～市) Mudanjiang (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


莆田

→ English: Putian, Putien, P'u-t'ien

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔu¹³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ¹³/

/pʰɔu²⁴⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ²⁴/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔu¹³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ¹³/

/pʰɔu²⁴⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ²⁴/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Putian (a prefecture-level city of Fujian, China)

(～縣) (historical) Putian (a former county of Fujian, China)

(～地區) (historical) Putian (a former prefecture of Fujian, China)


湘潭

desc

→ English: Hsiang-t'an, Siangtan, Xiangtan

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːm²¹/

/siaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰam⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːm²¹/

/siaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰam⁵⁵/


鐵嶺

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Originally a Korean place name located in present-day Hamgyong and Gangwon provinces of North Korea. The city was moved from there to present-day Tieling to continue its function as a military fort after the territory was lost.

(～市) Tieling (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


自貢

→ English: Zigong

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² kʊŋ³³/

/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ouŋ²¹³/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² kɔŋ⁴¹/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ¹¹/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² kʊŋ³³/

/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ouŋ²¹³/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² kɔŋ⁴¹/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ¹¹/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

(～市) Zigong (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


南平

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ piŋ¹³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ piŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ piŋ¹³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ piŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

(～市) Nanping (a prefecture-level city of Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Nanping (a town in Gong'an, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


葫蘆島

→ English: Huludao, Hulutao, Hu-lu-tao

/xu³⁵ lu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu³⁵ lu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Huludao (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


丹東

→ English: Dandong, Tantung, Tan-tung

/tän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

Renamed 丹東 (literally "red east") from the similarly pronounced 安東／安东 (Āndōng, literally “to pacify the east”) in 1965 because it was considered “not friendly” to North Korea, which is on the east of China.

zh-l

(～市) Dandong (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


黃石

→ English: Huangshi, Hwangshih

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nuoʔ⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu¹³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍³³ t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² zaʔ⁴⁴/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nuoʔ⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu¹³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍³³ t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² zaʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Huangshi (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Huangshi (a town in Licheng district, Putian, Fujian, China)


營口

→ English: Ying-k'ou, Yingkou, Yingkow

/iŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

/iŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

(～市) Yingkou (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)

(～村) Yingkou (a village in Dongjin, Xiangzhou district, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)


立山

/li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


南沙

→ English: Nansha

/nän³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(～區) Nansha (a district of Sansha, Hainan, China)

(～區) Nansha (a district and state-level new area in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)

(～街道) Nansha (a subdistrict of Nansha district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Nansha (a town in Yuanyang, Honghe prefecture, Yunnan, China)


青天

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ tʰiɛn³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ tʰĩ³³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ tʰiɛn³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ tʰĩ³³/

(～村) Qingtian (a village in Muyu, Shennongjia, Hubei, China)


石獅

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

(～市) Shishi (a county-level city of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


羅盤

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ pʰuːn²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ puã²³/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ pʰuːn²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ puã²³/

(～村) Luopan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


樓臺

/loʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/loʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

(～鄉) Loutai (a township in Zhushan, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


Rio Amarelo

Yellow River, Huang He (a major river in northern China, passing through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces as well as Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions)


內蒙古自治區

ㄋㄟˋ ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄋㄟˋ ㄇㄥˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Нэймэнгу Цзычжицюй

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² mʊŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/lai²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² ti²² kʰu³³/

/lai³³⁻²¹ bɔŋ²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su³³⁻²¹ ti³³⁻²¹ kʰu⁴⁴/

/lai³³⁻¹¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su³³⁻¹¹ ti³³⁻¹¹ kʰu⁴⁴/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su²²⁻²¹ ti²²⁻²¹ kʰu⁴⁴/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ¹³⁻²² kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su²²⁻²¹ ti²²⁻²¹ kʰi⁴⁴/

/lue²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² ti²² kʰu³³/

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
w:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Hohhot)


廣西壯族自治區

ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄒㄧ ㄓㄨㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄒㄧ ㄓㄨㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Гуанси Чжуанцзу Цзычжицюй

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

gwong² sai¹ dzong³ dzuk⁹ dzi⁶ dzi⁶ koey¹

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ³³ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Nanning)


西藏自治區

desc

→ English: Tibet Autonomous Region, Xizang Zizhiqu

ㄒㄧ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄒㄧ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Сицзан Цзычжицюй

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Tibet Autonomous Region
Tibet Autonomous Region#English

Tibet Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Lhasa)


寧夏回族自治區

ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Нинся Хуэйцзу Цзычжицюй

/niŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ haː²² wuːi̯²¹ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
w:Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Yinchuan)


新疆維吾爾自治區

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄨㄟˊ ㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄨㄟˊ ㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Синьцзян Вэйуэр Цзычжицюй

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ u³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

san¹ goeng¹ wai⁴ ng⁴ ji⁵ dzi⁶ dzi⁶ koey¹

/sɐn⁵⁵ kœːŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯²¹ ŋ̍²¹ jiː¹³ t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
w:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Ürümqi)


Langya

National Day in China is like the Fourth of July at home — firecrackers and fireworks, picnics and outings, patriotic speeches and all the pomp that circumstance can muster. For the foreign experts at Nanjing University it meant an all-day outing to Mount Langya in Anhui Province.

1985 October 1, James Friend, edited by Beverly Friend, China Journal: A World of Difference, volume I, Lincolnwood, Ill.: Friendly Books, published 2008, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 93:

Risesun Real Estate Development Co Ltd
* Says unit signed cooperative development framework agreement with Langya Mountain scenic area management committee
* Says two entities mainly cooperate on construction of service economy demonstration area in Langya Mountain scenic area

2017 August 9, “BRIEF-Risesun Real Estate Development unit signs cooperative development framework agreement”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-15, Financials:


敦煌

→ English: Dunhuang, Tun-huang, Tunhuang, Tunhwang

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/tɵn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/

/tuŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ⁵⁵/

/tən⁵⁵ uɑ̃²¹/

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/tɵn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/

/tuŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ⁵⁵/

/tən⁵⁵ uɑ̃²¹/

Likely from a historical Iranian language, with first known records in Chinese in the 2nd century BCE; likely cognate to the later Sogdian 𐼌𐼘𐼇𐼀𐼀𐼏 (δrwʾʾn /*θurwān, θruwān/) – name of Dunhuang known to the Sogdians – attested in the "Sogdian Ancient Letters" [early 4th century] (Gharib, 1995); possibly related to the Θροάνα (Throána) in Greek (Ptolemy, Geographia, Book VI, chap. 16) and Bactrian sources (Pulleyblank, 1962, 1966; Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

cog

(～市) Dunhuang (a county-level city of Jiuquan, Gansu, China)

(historical) (～郡) Dunhuang (an ancient commandery in modern Gansu, China)

(～縣) (historical) Dunhuang (a county of Jiuquan, Gansu, China)


沙州

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

A provincial name derived from its position within the Gobi Desert.

(～鎮) Shazhou (a town in Dunhuang, Jiuquan, Gansu, China)


滿月

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/muːn¹³ jyːt̚²⁻³⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/

/mæ̃⁵³ yəʔ²/

/muã⁵³⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁵⁴/

/muã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ²⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ɡəʔ³⁵/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡeʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡeʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ¹²¹/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡueʔ⁴/

/muã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡueʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡue³³/

/mõ⁴¹ y̯e̞²⁴/

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/muːn¹³ jyːt̚²⁻³⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/

/mæ̃⁵³ yəʔ²/

/muã⁵³⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁵⁴/

/muã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ²⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ɡəʔ³⁵/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡeʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡeʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ¹²¹/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡueʔ⁴/

/muã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡueʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡue³³/

/mõ⁴¹ y̯e̞²⁴/

(～鄉) Manyue (a township in Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China)