Ejin

The raiders cut the power supply and smashed surveillance equipment before pepper-spraying the workers, putting bags over their heads and threatening to beat them to death if they didn’t comply, according to Chen Tiejun, the deputy magistrate of Ejin Banner, a county bordering Gansu province.

2015 December 6, Laura Zhou, “Masked raiders bulldoze Chinese border outpost and dump stuff in Gobi Desert”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-12-07, Society:

On Monday, disease-hit Erenhot in Inner Mongolia banned travel in and out of the city and ordered residents to stay at home, while an outbreak in Ejin county prompted authorities earlier this week to shutter tourist sites and restrict travel.

2021 October 22, “Beijing launches new mass testing wave after four Covid cases found”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2021-10-22:

Instead, the Beijing resident has been stuck for more than three weeks, much of it in quarantine, after authorities discovered a cluster of COVID-19 cases in a nearby city. He was among more than 9,000 tourists who became trapped in Ejin Banner, a remote part of China’s Inner Mongolia region that is in the Gobi.

2021 November 10, Huizhong Wu, “As many try living with virus, China keeps up zero tolerance”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-11-10:

A banner in Alxa, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.


Ximiao

At Ximiao, uplifted sedimentary rocks split the Ruo Shui into the Dong He (East River) and the Xi He (West River).

1987 July, A. S. Walker, J. W. Olsen, Bagen, “The Badain Jaran Desert: Remote Sensing Investigations”, in The Geographical Journal, volume 153, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 206:

Between Dingxin and Ximiao it is called the Ruo River. At Ximiao in Inner Mongolia the river bifurcates into two streams, the Xi (Morin) and Dong (Narin) rivers, which empty, respectively, into Lakes Gaxun (Gashun) and Sub (Sogo).

c. 2015, “Hei River”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, archived from the original on 2015-09-06:

A location in Ejin, Alxa, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.


Jartai

Here the Alxa Platform Uplift needs a special explanation. Some Chinese geologists consider that it is not a platform but a part of a Paleozoic geosyncline. Here we still believe that it represents a platform uplift. This is supported by the following lines of evidence:[...](4) there occurs the high-grade metamorphic Alxa Group north of Jartai, which is intruded by 1365-my-old gabbro and overlain by the Late Proterozoic metamorphic rock series; and[...]

1987, “Brief Description of the Main Tectonic Units of China”, in Geotectonic Evolution of China, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 51:

Going to Jartai by Mistake
[...]At last, we saw lights up ahead and stopped our car to make inquiries. We were told that in fact this was not Linhe but Jartai, a name entirely unfamiliar to us.[...]
Jartai, the site of China's first mechanized saltworks, is not a big town, but all its hotels were packed with tourists.

1993 August, Miao Wang, Shi Bao Xiu, edited by Tu Nai Hsien, From the Pamirs to Beijing: Tracing Marco Polo's Northern Route, Hong Kong: HK China Tourism Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 101, 102:

To evaluate the stability of the NOAA Pathfinder data set, a window containing mobile sand dunes without vegetation—visited during fieldwork in September 1995—was chosen north of Jartai in the Ulan Buh Desert (Eval-site in Fig. 9).

2000 December, Micael C. Runnström, “Is Northern China Winning the Battle against Desertification?”, in AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, volume 29, number 8, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 471:

A town in Alxa Left, Alxa, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.

In Alashan there are salt lakes here and there, Charatai-Dabasu being 33 miles round, and encrusted with a layer of fine salt, 2 to 6 ft. thick.

[1920, “GEOGRAPHY PHYSICAL AND POLITICAL”, in G. W. Prothero, editor, Mongolia (Handbooks Prepared under the Direction of the Historical Section of the Foreign Office), number 68, London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, →OCLC, page 10:

Notable lakes in the Mongolian land are[...]These are salt lakes. Freshwater ones are the Charatai Dabuson in Alashan and the Dabasana Nor in the Ortus country.

[1927, Henry H. Howorth, “A GENERAL VIEW OF THE GEOGRAPHY, ETHNOGRAPHY, AND BIOLOGY OF CENTRAL ASIA”, in History of the Mongols, volume IV, Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, page 12:

A lake in Alxa Left, Alxa, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.


Sogo Nur

From Written Oirat, with the latter half from ᠨᡇᡇᠷ (nuur, “lake”).

When we were in Zhangye we consulted a map and saw that the Ruoshui River has its source in the Qilian Mountains, then winds north through the Hexi Corridor and into the desert. It then flows through the forests of Ejin Banner and pours into two lakes — the Gaxun Nur and the Sogo Nur.[...]
The Mongolian woman told us that in recent years the water flowing from the south has seldom reached the lakes here, and consequently the Gaxun Nur had dried up. This summer, less water than usual had poured into the Sogo Nur, so it too was almost empty.[...]
Next, we headed northeast to visit Sogo Nur. After two hours of driving through willow bushes no more than two feet in height, we saw the white surface of a lake. A solitary thatched cottage stood by the road leading to the lake, and the sound of our engine brought a middle-aged Mongolian man out to greet us. After a short conversation, she^([sic – meaning he]) told us that the lake had dried up just ten days earlier.

1993 August, Miao Wang, Shi Bao Xiu, “A Detour Through the Desert to Etzina”, in Tu Nai Hsien, editor, From the Pamirs to Beijing: Tracing Marco Polo's Northern Route, Hong Kong: HK China Tourism Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 94, columns 1, 2:

In the Badain Jaran District (Fig. 15-1, II-8-2), marine Lower Carboniferous strata occur at Sogo Nur, in the western part of the northern area, and rest disconformably on Upper Devonian.

1996, Zhou Zhiyi, W. T. Dean, editors, Phanerozoic Geology of Northwest China, Beijing: Science Press, →OCLC, page 216:

Lakes in arid zone are sensitive to climatic changes. The lacustrine sediment sequence in Sogo Nur has well and truly recorded climatic events such as the Sui-Tang Dynasty Warm Period, the Song-Liao Dynasty Cold Period, the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age and the 20th Century Warm Period.

2004 January, Jin Heling et al., “Vicissitude of Sogo Nur and environmental-climatic change during last 1500 years”, in Science China Earth Sciences, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-08-22:

A lake in Ejin, Alxa, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.


Aratürük

In the city, the old drum-tower now has the mottoes over each gate restored. West to Yiwu (Araturuk) in Xinjiang, north to the desert, south to the Qilian Mountains, and east to Hua Shan, it is certainly a graceful addition to a modernizing city.

1979 October, Rewi Alley, “Gansu”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVIII, number 10, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 30, column 2:

In the Kaiyuan reign period of the Tang Dynasty, Beiting commissioner was appointed to command the troops in Hanhai, Tianshan and Yiwu (Araturuk). The troops in Yiwu (Araturuk) were stationed in Ganluchuan.

1997, “Strategic Passage of the Western Regions”, in Travelling around Xinjiang: A Land of Enchantment, Beijing: Science Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 211, column 1:

The Yiugurs called the city Yiwu or Aratürük, close to Hami, Tuhulu 吐葫蘆.

2018, Zhivko Voynikov, “INFORMATION ON BULGARIAN PEOPLE IN THE CHINESE DYNASTIC CHRONICLES”, in WHO ARE THE ANCIENT BULGARIANS OR PROTOBULGARIANS?, page 68:


関東州

ja-pos

関(かん)東(とう)州(しゅう) • (Kantōshū) ^(←くわんとうしう (Kwantousiu)?)

関東州 (canonical)
Kantōshū (romanization)
Kwantousiu (romanization)
くわんとうしう (hiragana historical)

[kã̠nto̞ːɕɨː]

Kwantung Leased Territory
w:Kwantung Leased Territory

(historical) Kwantung Leased Territory (a concession in China)


Bayannur

From Mongolian ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (bayannaɣur), from ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ (bayan) + ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (naɣur). Compare Mandarin 巴彥淖爾 /巴彦淖尔 (Bāyànnào'ěr). See also Ordos /nʊːr/, Mongolian нуур (nuur, “lake”).

Bayan Nur (alternative)
Bayan-Nur (alternative)

“The shelterbelts here," explained 53-year-old Ma Shoushou, head of the Bayannur League sand-protection station, “are only part of a great network of shelterbelts planted in 320 counties and banners stretching over 11 provinces and autonomous regions in China’s north, northeast and northwest.

1982 January, “Fighting Back the Deserts”, in China Reconstructs, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 40:

A 'commodity grain base' of at least regional significance is reported from the irrigated 'inland delta' area of the Bayannur Meng Banner^([sic – meaning League]), on the Yellow River west of Baotou, centred on Linhe and Wuyuan (People's Daily, 9 July 1979; Fig. 10.1).

1985, Frank Leeming, Rural China Today, Longman, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 148:

A herdsman in Inner Mongolia was confirmed to be infected with bubonic plague, Chinese health officials said, a reminder of how even as the world battles a pandemic caused by a novel virus, old threats remain.
The Bayannur city health commission said the plague was diagnosed in the herdsman on Sunday, and he was in stable condition undergoing treatment at a hospital.

2020 July 6, Austin Ramzy, “Bubonic Plague Is Diagnosed in China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-07-06:

Authorities in the Bayannur district raised the plague warning Sunday, ordered residents not to hunt wild animals such as marmots and to send anyone with fever or showing other possible signs of infection for treatment.

2020 July 7, “Bubonic plague case reported in China's Inner Mongolia”, in Stars and Stripes, volume 79, number 57, →OCLC, page 13:

A prefecture-level city of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.


Alxa

The city Marco Polo called Kalachan was somewhere in today’s Alxa League, a large area encompassing both Alxa Left Banner and Alxa Right Banner, a banner being equivalent to a county.

2004 September, Wang Miao [王苗], Shi Baoxiu [石宝琇], “A Detour Through the Desert to Etzina”, in Tracing Marco Polo's China Route [与马可·波罗同行], China Intercontinental Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 150:

The 15th Alxa Festival, which was held in the Alxa League of north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from October 1 to October 5, has attracted many off-road players, enthusiasts and tourists to enjoy the race.

2020 October 9, “Xinhua Silk Road: China’s large-scale desert off-road festival delights participants with visual feast”, in AP News, PR Newswire, archived from the original on 2022-06-28:

More than 500 emergency personnel were at the mine in Alxa League, a prefecture in the Chinese region of Inner Mongolia, by late Wednesday night, state media said.

2023 February 23, Chang Che, John Liu, “More Than 50 Missing After Coal Mine Collapses in Northern China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-02-23, Asia Pacific:

A league in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.


Pukou

From the point of view of communication facilities, Pukou appeared to be a suitable site, but was found rather too accessible and therefore objectionable from the strategic viewpoint.[...]
Moreover, the site is only about 50 kilometers by water from Pukou, which renders the transport of coal supplies fairly easy. Coal brought from the north by the Tientsin-Pukou Railway could be quickly transhipped to the steelworks from Pukou, and supplies from Pinghsiang, carried from Wuchang (via Yushan-Pinghsiang and Hunan-Hupeh Railway) or Kiukiang (via Yushan-Pinghsiang and Nanchang-Kiukiang Railway) would be available by water.
The other possible site for the steelworks, Hsiehchiatien, lies in the district of Luho on the northern bank of the Yangtze, and is 20 kilometers from Pukou. The land between Pukou and Hsiehchiatien is very low, but the proposed site is surrounded by hills, and thus secure from the danger of being flooded.

1934 October, “State Plants for Industrial Development in China”, in The Far Eastern Review, volume XXX, number 10, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 441, column 2:

The “bank”, in Nanjing’s Pukou district in Jiangsu province, promised customers 2 per cent interest a week for their deposits. Almost 200 people were conned.

2015 January 23, Alan Yu, “Looks just like the real thing: bogus bank in China scams people of over 200 million yuan”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-01-25, China:


Yichun

That’s the case in Yichun, a Maryland-sized area of about 1.3 million people deep inside the birch and pine forest on China’s border with Russia.
Yichun is a poor city in a poor province. The income of its residents was little more than half the national average last year. That hasn’t stopped the government from going on a spending spree. The new local police headquarters has a miniature dome reminiscent of that of St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City.

2011 July 16, Henry Sanderson, Michael Forsythe, “In China, loans lure city officials”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-03, Business:

He was in Yichun, a faded boomtown in northeastern China, where in December, 2016 he began photographing young people whose isolation he recognized in his own life.

2019 February 26, Tiffany May, “Young People Left Behind in China’s Snowbound Rust Belt”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-02-26, Lens:

A prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China.


Yichun

Yichun and Wantsai produce grass-linen, another distinctive handicraft product.

1964, Yu-ti (任育地) Jen, 中国地理概述 [A Concise Geography of China], Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 133:

A prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China.


Mangnai

The border of the great north-west province of Xinjiang, a region three times the size of France, lay at the mining town of Mangnai, fifty miles beyond where I was sleeping. This was an old, feared frontierland - High Tartary or Chinese Turkestan - one sixth of all China now, which barged up against Central Asia. But at Mangnai the road roughened to a stone trail, where trucks, even my bus, gave up.

2006, Colin Thubron, “The Southern Road”, in Shadow of the Silk Road, London: Chatto & Windus, →ISBN, page 97:

A number of oil fields are in operation, notably in the Mangnai area in the western part of the basin. A large oil refinery has been constructed at Lenghu, southwest of Dangjin Pass, and another has been built at Mangnai.

2011, “Major and Other Notable Deserts of the World”, in John P. Rafferty, editor, Deserts and Steppes, 1st edition, Encyclopedia Britannica, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 143:

Spanning 32 hectares (80 acres), the base is situated 60km (37 miles) from the town of Lenghu near the upper reaches of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, an arid desert region dubbed “the place on Earth that is most unlike being on Earth”, according to camp manager Gao Junling.[...]
But the “Mars village” was originally proposed by the local government in 2017 as a cultural and educational centre for science, popular science and science fiction, according to Ma Wenwu, a member of the Mangnai city committee, which oversees Lenghu.

2019 March 4, Laurie Chen, “China opens ‘Mars camp’ for researchers, tourists and plans to send rover to red planet”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2019-03-03, Science:

A county-level city of Haixi prefecture, Qinghai, China.


Lüda

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 旅大 (Lǚdà), from 旅順／旅顺 (Lǚshùn, “Lüshun”) + 大連／大连 (Dàlián, “Dalian”).

In 1898 Russia acquired a naval base in China, at Port Arthur (now part of the city of Lüda); Japan took over this base in 1905, Russia regained it in 1945, but in 1955 it was returned to China.

1987, Andrew Boyd, “China and Russia”, in An Atlas of World Affairs, 8th edition, Routledge, published 1989, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 147:

Lüda
Lüda is a double city composed of Lüshun and Dalian, located at the tip of the Liaodong Peninsula in Liaoning Province.

1989, “The Northeast”, in All China, Revised edition, Passport Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 60:

(historical) A former directly-administered municipality in China, from 1950 to 1954; a former prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China, from 1954 to 1981; modern Dalian.


Wuwei

Now this old-new part of China is having a boom. Building is going on apace in the cities of Wuwei, Changyeh, and Kiuchuan of the Corridor.

1945 June, Walter C. Lowdermilk, “China Fights Erosion with U. S. Aid”, in National Geographic Magazine, volume LXXXVII, number 6, Washington, D.C., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 663, column 2:

At least 39 people were injured, six of them seriously, in a gasoline bomb explosion at a rural bank branch in a heavily Tibetan area of northwest China’s Gansu Province, a person at the local police station said by telephone, but there were no immediate signs that the attack was politically motivated.
The bomb was detonated during a bank meeting on the fourth floor of the building in Wuwei City, according to the official Xinhua News Agency.

2011 May 13, Keith Bradsher, “Bank Bombed in Heavily Tibetan Area of China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-05-14, Asia Pacific:

But halfway back, he learned that there had been a change in dynasties and decided he would be better off staying where he was. And so Lu Kuang set up his own Silk Road kingdom at Wuwei in the middle of the Kansu Corridor.

2016, Bill Porter, The Silk Road: Taking the Bus to Pakistan, Counterpoint, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 172:

A prefecture-level city of Gansu, China.


Wuwei

Two children walk on a flooded playground at a school in Wuwei county, east China's Anhui province August 28, 2007.

2007 August 29, “Predictions off for global warming flood risk”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-07-01, Pictures:

A county-level city of Wuhu, Anhui, China.


Zhangye

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 張掖 /张掖 (Zhāngyè).

Rice is grown in the warm and humid climate of the Southern Kansu Highlands and around the oases in the Hohsi Corridor, like Changyi and Kiuchuan, where water is abundant. The rice produced in the Hohsi Corridor is known for its excellent quality.

[1964, Yu-ti (任育地) Jen, 中国地理概述 [A Concise Geography of China], Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 196:

Gun was taking photos of the reclining Buddha in Changyeh and had climbed the loft to get closer to the large face.[…]
The reclining Buddha in Kanchow, which was the old name of Changyeh, is famous. The figure is 34.5 meters long and 7.5 meters high.

[1979, Jan Myrdal, “The Reclining Buddha”, in Ann Hening, transl., The Silk Road: A Journey from the High Pamirs and Ili through Sinkiang and Kansu, New York: Pantheon Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 259:

Maggie Zhang, co-founder of SheTalks, a company in Beijing that organizes events for women, is working out of her parents’ apartment in the northwestern city of Zhangye in Gansu province. She went for the Lunar New Year and said she might stay through March.

2020 February 14, Joe McDonald, Yu Bing, “China’s virus crackdown leaves millions working at home”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-04-14:


Jiayuguan

Translingual: Chiayusaurus

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 嘉峪關 /嘉峪关 (Jiāyùguān).

This reconstructed Great Wall stretched from the River Yalu in the east, on the border with Korea, to Chiayükuan in Kansu Province.

[1977, Flavio Conti, “The Great Wall, People's Republic of China”, in Patrick Creagh, transl., Breaking the Confines (The Grand Tour), New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, published 1978, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 55, column 3:

There is a striving towards naturalism in agricultural scenes painted on bricks in tombs of the third century AD recently excavated at Chia-yü-kuan in Kansu Province which is reminiscent of later European illuminated manuscripts such as the English fifteenth-century Luttrell Psalter in the British Library.

[1979, Paul Hulton, Lawrence Smith, “Naturalism in Sung China”, in Flowers in Art from East and West, Jarrold and Sons, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 3:

Jiuquan is 150 miles into the Gobi Desert from the nearest city, Jiayuguan in Gansu Province.

2022 November 29, Keith Bradsher, “China to Launch 3 Astronauts to New Space Station: How to Watch”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-11-29, Asia Pacific:


Anxin

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 安新 (Ānxīn).

After studying "On practice", "Where do correct ideas come from?" and other brilliant works by Chairman Mao, the PLA cadres engaged in the work of "three supports and two militaries" (i.e. support the broad masses of the Left, support industry, support agriculture, military control, and political and military training) in Anhsin County, Hopei Province, came to understand that to uphold the materialist theory of reflection and oppose idealist apriorism, it was necessary to conscientiously make investigations and study in[…]

[1971 August, Summary of World Broadcasts: The Far East, volume 3, British Broadcasting Corporation Monitoring Service, →OCLC, page A-2:

Xi himself visited Anxin county in late February, which only became public when China announced plans for Xiongan on April 1.[…]
Not everyone in Anxin is cheered by the prospect.
An Anxin restaurant owner in her 50s surnamed Liu said she checks social media constantly for updates, as she fears being forced out of the spacious villa built on her farmland.

2017 April 12, Yawen Chen, Elias Glenn, David Stanway, “Xi stamp of approval fuels frenzied hopes for new China economic zone”, in Tony Munroe, Will Waterman, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-04-12, Emerging Markets:

A county of Xiong'an, Baoding, Hebei, China.


Dazhai

/ˌdɑːˈd͡ʒaɪ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 大寨 (Dàzhài).

In 1964 a new policy emerged, which continued until about 1978 within the context of greater state support to agriculture. The origins of the policy go back to February 1960 in Hsi-yang county and the small village of Ta-chai. In that year Ch’en Yung-kuei, the production team leader of Ta-chai, reported to the Shansi Communist Party Congress how his village had raised crop yields to unprecedentedly high and stable levels through a new kind of team spirit and organization.

[1980, Ramon H. Myers, “The Development of the Socialist Economy”, in The Chinese Economy Past and Present, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 216:

The term “shanzhai” also riffs off a popular Cultural Revolution era slogan about a model village, Dazhai, which has been changed to read: “In agriculture learn from Dazhai, in industry learn from Shanzhai.”

2009 February 6, Tyra Dempster, Ben Blanchard, “"Sham glam" sweeps China as fakes get trendy”, in Miral Fahmy, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-03-26, Lifestyle:

A town in Xiyang, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China, formerly a township.


Zhenbao Island

Partial calque from Mandarin 珍寶島／珍宝岛 (Zhēnbǎo Dǎo, literally “treasure (Zhenbao) island”)

zh-l

In Beijing’s view, in the absence of an explicit treaty provision, the central line of the main channel—the Thalweg principle—provided a legal basis for delimiting the boundary in the two rivers. On this basis, Beijing claimed that 600 of the rivers’ 700 islands—including Zhenbao Island on the Ussuri River, just 180 miles southwest of an important Soviet city, Khabarovsk—belonged to the P.R.C.

1980, Melvin Gurton, Byong-Moo Hwang, China under Threat: The Politics of Strategy and Diplomacy, Johns Hopkins University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 210:

Later, in the 1980s, western scholars found that, notwithstanding the substantial Soviet military buildup near the Chinese borders in the late 1960s, it was Beijing that initiated the clash on Zhenbao (Damanski) Island. Peter Zwick has argued that the Soviets were in a generally reactive mode during the height of the conflict and exhibited restraint in responding to what they saw as Chinese provocations.

2005, Vitaly Kozyrev, “Soviet Policy Toward the United States and China, 1969-1979”, in William C. Kirby, Robert S. Ross, Gong Li, editors, Normalization of U.S.-China Relations: An International History, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 258:

In January 1969, Chinese and Soviet soldiers fought around Zhenbao Island in the Ussuri River.

2005, Michael P. Colaresi, “Climbing the Wall: The Sino-American Rivalry”, in Scare Tactics: The Politics of International Rivalry, Syracuse University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 202:

In mid-1969, both countries fought a brief border war over Zhenbao Island [13], along the Ussuri River halfway between Vladivostok and Khabarovsk, killing dozens of conscripts on either side.

2012 February 21, Frank Jacobs, “Manchurian Trivia”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-07-29, Borderlines:

Photo taken on Sept. 28, 2016 shows the scenery of the Zhenbao Island wetland in Hulin, northeast China's Heilongjiang Province. The 29,275-hectare wetland has been designated as a wetland of international importance by the Ramsar Convention in 2011 for its vital importance as a unique wetland for biological diversity.

2016 September 29, “Scenery of Zhenbao Island wetland in Heilongjiang(1/6)”, in Li Yan, editor, China News Service, archived from the original on 2016-10-06:

In 1969, Chinese forces instigated a brutal ambush on unsuspecting Soviet border guards at Zhenbao Island, a contested bank on the Ussuri River. After numerous rough but not lethal hand-to-hand scuffles in the past, the island became the epicenter of a pitched battle and weeks-long exchange of fire. The initial ambush, conducted with small arms, escalated into deployment of heavy armor supported by rocket artillery. Hundreds of people were killed. Within two weeks, both sides were contemplating the possibility of a nuclear exchange.

2021 March 29, Blake Herzinger, “China’s Military Could Turn Small Clashes Into Major Conflicts”, in Foreign Policy, archived from the original on 2021-03-29:

An island of Zhenbaodao, Hulin, Jixi, Heilongjiang, China.


Hegang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鶴崗 /鹤岗 (Hègǎng).

The inmates who had survived until the collapse of the "Manchukuo" regime were now telling the People's Government with bitterness and hatred about what the puppet rulers had done to them. A peasant of Hokang city was arrested in 1944 and taken to the police headquarters on a charge of anti-Manchukuo and anti-Japanese activities. There were seventeen others there with him, and after being viciously beaten they were moved to the Hokang Reformatory and forced to mine coal in the Tungshan mines.

[1964, Aisin-Gioro Pu Yi, “From Fear to Recognizing my Guilt”, in W. J. F. Jenner, transl., From Emperor to Citizen: The Autobiography of Aisin-Gioro Pu Yi, Second edition, volume 2, Peking: Foreign Languages Press, published 1979, →OCLC, page 386:

The principal coal centers are Kisi, northeast of Mutankiang, and Hokang and Shwangyashan, in the Kiamusze area, all producing coal of coking quality. Hokang, the most important coal field, has 5 billion tons of Jurassic coal, part of which is accessible to strip-mining operations. Development of the Hokang basin began in 1936 with construction of a rail spur southward to the riverside coal terminal of Lienkiangkow on the Sungari River, opposite Kiamusze.

[1972, Theodore Shabad, China's Changing Map, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 271:

The explosion took place at the Xinxing Coal Mine in Hegang City, in Heilongjiang province, according to the official Xinhua news agency.

2009 November 21, Keith Bradsher, “At Least 92 Die in Chinese Mine Explosion”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-02-21, Asia Pacific:

Zou, from Hegang, a city in the Chinese province of Heilongjiang, paid an unspecified sum for the TOEFL and $2,000 for the SAT, Kitchen told a judge in U.S. District Court in Pittsburgh.

2015 October 29, Joe Mandak, “Chinese woman pleads guilty in college test-taking scheme”, in AP News, sourced from PITTSBURGH (AP), archived from the original on 2024-05-09:


杏花嶺

→ English: Xinghualing

ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚ ㄌㄧㄥˇ

ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚ ㄌㄧㄥˇ

/ɕiŋ⁵¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐŋ²² faː⁵⁵ lɪŋ¹³/

/ɕiŋ⁵¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐŋ²² faː⁵⁵ lɪŋ¹³/

(～區) Xinghualing (a district of Taiyuan, Shanxi, China)


Shuangyashan

Shuangyashan is located in north-east China, in a forested province named Heilongjiang after the ‘black dragon river’. The temperature slips below zero for a greater part of the year.

2014, Reshma Patil, “Boomtown”, in Strangers Across the Border: Indian Encounters in Boomtown China (International Relations), HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 162:

Frustration among miners like Li over unpaid wages has swelled to the brink of unrest in Heilongjiang province in China’s far northeast, also known as Manchuria. It spilled over most recently a week ago when thousands of miners protested in the town of Shuangyashan, a direct challenge to Beijing’s assertion that it is proceeding smoothly with a sweeping plan to cut capacity in industrial sectors and make the economy more efficient.

2016 March 18, Gerry Shih, “Anger in China’s coal country as miners feel left behind”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-08-24:

The government’s default approach to labor disputes has been to treat them as a threat to law and order. After a widely reported miners’ strike in the northeastern city of Shuangyashan in 2016, for example, the Public Security Bureau arrested 30 people for what it called serious criminal charges.

2018 April 2, Harvey Thomlinson, “China’s Communist Party Is Abandoning Workers”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-04-02, Opinion:


Chongzuo

From the Hanyu Pinyin form of the Mandarin 崇左 (Chóngzuǒ).

The court statement and a report by the official Xinhua news agency said that Mr. Cao had symptoms consistent with the coronavirus, but did not say whether he had tested positive for the disease. Huang Qinmei, the deputy mayor of Chongzuo, the city of which Pingxiang is part, said at a news conference in May that Mr. Cao had tested positive.

2021 November 20, Keith Bradsher, Li You, “Covid News: Cambodia’s Reopening Is Propelled by Vaccinations”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-11-21:

Two of the final clips show a herd of ostriches running down a city street. The videos match footage seen in January 2022 news reports about a herd that escaped from a farm in Chongzuo, China.

2023 July 6, Melissa Goldin, Karena Phan, “Videos of lions and other animals roaming city streets have nothing to do with protests in France”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-07-06:

The 400,000 metric ton-per-year smelter, located in Chongzuo city of Guangxi prefecture, will start processing copper concentrates within three months - compared with market expectations for the first half of 2024.

2023 August 10, Julian Luk, “Exclusive: China's Nanfang to open major copper smelter ahead of expectations”, in Pratima Desai, Veronica Brown, David Evans, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-08-10:

A prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China.


Dehong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 德宏 (Déhóng).

The Tais who now live in Hsishuangbanna and Tehung did not come after Kublai Khan. Known as Tianyueh in Chinese literature, their ancestors were there as early as 2,000 years ago during the time of the Western Han.

[1978 July, Yu-ting Tu, Chen Lu-fan, “Was There a Massive Exodus of Thais?”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVII, number 7, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 31, column 1:

6. It has exposed and criticized their reactionary principle of slandering Tehung Prefecture as a ‘peaceful border area’ and a ‘revsionist paradise’ and their crimes of sabotaging stability in the border areas and the building of border defense.

[1978 November 14 [1978 November 8], “Yunnan Prefecture Reveals Gang's Sabotage in Border Areas”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 220, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Kunming Yunnan Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, People's Republic of China Southwest Region, page J 3:

In 1988, there were only 13 small sawmills in Dehong prefecture, a center of the new logging trade. Now there are more than 100. Another 100 have sprouted up around Tengchong.

2001 March 25, John Pomfret, “China's Lumbering Economy Ravages Border Forests”, in The Washington Post, sourced from PIANMA, China, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2025-06-21:

It is not clear why the refugees are being expelled now. An employee at the Chinese Foreign Ministry said the ministry had no immediate comment after it was sent a list of questions on Thursday. Calls to the Yunnan propaganda office went unanswered, as did calls to the propaganda office of Dehong Autonomous Prefecture, the location of the camps.

2012 August 23, Edward Wong, “China Forcing Repatriation of Ethnic Refugees From Myanmar”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-08-23, Asia Pacific:

A Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefecture in Yunnan, China.


Golog

41 year-old Thupten from Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture confirmed this threat of punishment. “The people in my area were very discontent when an election was announced. We knew that the candidates selected had already been carefully vetted by higher Chinese officials, and that our ‘voting’ was mere lip-service to Chinese claims of democracy, but we did it anyway.

2000 September, “Corrupt and Farcical Elections”, in Racial Discrimination in Tibet, Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy, →OCLC, page 116:

The February 1982 National Geographic listed a figure of between 80,000 and 90,000 Gologs, living in six counties of the remote Golog Tibetan Prefecture in Qinghai Province, China. A total of 100,343 people lived in the Golog Prefecture in 1953, but by 1964 the population had diminished to only 56,071. Thousands of Golog migrated from the area. Thousands more were either killed in battle or starved to death by the Chinese army.

2004, Paul Hattaway, Peoples of the Buddhist World: A Christian Prayer Diary, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 65:

The authorities, who said they had restored order in the region, said 6 people were arrested and 89 others had “surrendered” to the police. The attack involved monks from the Ragya Monastery in the Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Golog in Qinghai Province.

2009 March 22, David Barboza, “Tibet Protesters Are Held in China After Riot”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-05-01, Asia Pacific:

A non-profit project jointly initiated by Tencent Sports and the Yao Ming Foundation has brought students from Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province a long way to the court of 2019 FIBA World Cup, connecting audience members’ hearts together during the halftime.

2019 September 13, “Tencent Sports Public Service Project Shines at FIBA World Cup”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-30:

The epicentre of the Qinghai quake, which struck at 3:44 p.m. (0844 GMT), was located in Madoi county in the Golog prefecture at a depth of 14 km (8.7 miles), according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC).

2025 January 8, Ryan Woo, “Magnitude 5.5 earthquake strikes China near source of Yellow River”, in Christian Schmollinger, Jan Harvey, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2025-01-08:

autonomous prefecture
autonomous prefecture

A Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Qinghai, China.


嵩縣

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²²/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²²/

Song County, Songxian (a county of Luoyang, Henan, China)


Shichahai

/ˌʃɪ.t͡ʃɑːˈhaɪ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 什剎海 /什刹海 (Shíchàhǎi).

One of the places where Little Bald Head loved so much to spend a summer afternoon in the company of his grandfather was the market place and amusement center near the lotus pond of Shih Cha Hai (十刹海), of the Sea of Ten Monasteries—a stretch of water which was apparently designed to be used as a reservoir for the "sea palaces" which have in recent years been thrown open to the public as parks.[...]The first visitors to the Shih Cha Hai were there primarily to admire the lotus blossoms which to the mind of the cultured Chinese represent a human type— that of the chuin tze (君子), Superior Man.

[1940, H.Y. [盧興源] Lowe, The Adventures of Wu: The Life Cycle of a Peking Man, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, published 1983, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 160:

A lot of people say that winter swimming in lakes is frightening or freezing. But actually it is not. Anyone without a serious illness can manage it if they practise gradually. I come to Shichahai every afternoon and swim for about seven minutes.

2006 February 12, Alice Yan, “More hardy souls warm to winter swimming”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-11:

A lake in Xicheng district, Beijing, China.

A subdistrict of Xicheng district, Beijing, China.


Dongning

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for the Mandarin 東寧 /东宁 (Dōngníng).

At the same time, according to official information, fighting occurred on the night of August 17, at Tungning,¹²⁹ south of Suifenho. Tungning was then occupied by Soviet troops possibly “consisting of Koreans, Buriats and Magyars” as front-line formations.¹³⁰

[1959, Peter S. H. Tang, “Consequences of Soviet Railway Policy”, in Russian and Soviet Policy in Manchuria and Outer Mongolia, 1911-1931, Duke University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 223:

Tungning, one of the most isolated towns in all Manchuria, is four hundred miles east of Harbin. To get there, I went by rail to the border town Progranichnaya, where the Chinese Eastern Railway enters eastern Russia (Siberia), then traveled sixty miles south through wild mountains on the Manchuria-Siberia border, a journey of one day by bus or two days by Russian wagon.[…]
At Tungning we found a well-to-do Christian who was the leading carpenter of the town. He was known by all as a believer. Although the population of Tungning was large (40,000), no one knew of any missionary or other Christian worker having ever been there. They did know of some Korean Christians in a village nearby. Tungning was a real frontier town, and the only one in all China where we had seen no heathen temple.

[1969, Charles Alexander Leonard, “Pioneering on the Chinese Frontiers”, in Repaid a Hundredfold, Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 102–103:

Chinese authorities have locked down an area of more than 250,000 people after half a dozen coronavirus cases were confirmed near the Russian border in the northeastern province of Heilongjiang. Checkpoints have been set up in Dongning and Suifenhe, and people were told not to leave unless necessary. Bus service has been suspended, schools closed and production halted at factories not making daily necessities. Restaurants were told to stop dine-in service and residential communities to control entry. Four cases have been confirmed since Thursday in Suifenhe and two in Dongning.

2020 December 13, “Asia Today: Japan, S.Korea set new daily records, mull steps”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2020-12-13:

The northeastern cities Huichun^([sic – meaning Hunchun]) and Dongning, both along the border with Russia, have suspended from mid-November some non-essential imports by highways, such as wine, milk and chocolate, to reduce infection risks.

2021 November 30, Roxanne Liu, Gabriel Crossley, Beijing Newsroom, “Two Chinese border cities limit rail imports amid COVID outbreak in the north”, in Christopher Cushing, Edwina Gibbs, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-11-30, Commodities:

A county-level city of Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China, formerly a county.


Muling

Peasants and cadres of the (Szuping) production brigade of the (Pamientung) commune in Muling County started to sow wheat on 11 March with the revolutionary spirit of seizing the day and seizing the hour.

1970 March 19 [1970 March 16], “Party Branch Activities”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 54, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Harbin Heilungkiang Provincial, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, Communist China: Northeast Region, page G 2:

KMJP 7/3/72 carries a case from Mu-ling hsien, Heilungkiang, where peasants invited UYs to New Year’s feasts.

[1977, Thomas P. Bernstein, Up to the Mountains and Down to the Villages: The Transfer of Youth from Urban to Rural China, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 321:

Love could not be won by the subjective desire and zeal of one side alone. Ri had expelled the girl who had broken his heart to Muling County and had had a love affair with another woman before coming to Wangqing.

2008 [1935], Kim Il-sung, “With the Conviction of Independence”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 48, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, page 116:

1902: During the Russo-Japanese war, soldiers reported sightings [of] a winged cave-dwelling dragon, 40 mi. from Muling, in Heilongjiang province.

2009, Michael Newton, Hidden Animals: A Field Guide to Batsquatch, Chupacabra, and Other Elusive Creatures, Greenwood Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 153:

A man in Muling, a city administered by Mudanjiang, has been arrested on suspicion of killing his father-in-law, who died after drinking wine containing poison,[…]

2014 December 29, “Evidence of 'missing link' in domestication of cats found in China”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-11-12, China Insider:


水步

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ pou̯²²/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ pou̯²²/

(～鎮) Shuibu (a town in Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


온주

Wenzhou (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, in southeastern China)


外砂

/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːi̯²² saː⁵⁵/

/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːi̯²² saː⁵⁵/

汕頭外砂機場

汕头外砂机场

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Waisha (a subdistrict and former town in Longhu district, Shantou, Guangdong, China)


桐柏

→ English: Tongbai

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ paːk̚³/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ paːk̚³/

(～縣) Tongbai (a county of Nanyang, Henan, China)


ܗܘܢܓ ܟܘܢܓ

aii-proper-noun

ܗܘܿܢܓ ܟܘܿܢܓ • (hōng kōng) f

ܗܘܿܢܓ ܟܘܿܢܓ (canonical)
hōng kōng (romanization)

Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


Cho Oyu

I had a good view of the glacier from here : the East side is very steep and broken, with several tributary glaciers flowing down from Cho Oyu and Pk. 25,909, and from a 23,000-foot Peak (not triangulated) to the North of the latter.

1922, E. O. Wheeler, “Appendix II: The Photographic Survey”, in Mount Everest: The Reconnaissance, 1921, Longmans, Green and Co., →OCLC, →OL, page 332:

This may seem a strange and unprofessional way of beginning the story of the ascent of a 26,000-foot mountain, but it was not just the wish to conquer a high peak that turned our thoughts to Cho Oyu; it was the longing for the boundless peace of evening such as these.
"Next year, Cho Oyu?" Pasang asked.
"Cho Oyu," I agreed.
Adjiba brought the fried liver of the goat.
"We go for Cho Oyu," Pasang told him.
"Aha," Adjiba said, cutting a cucumber into thin slices.
That's how we decided to attack the seventh highest mountain in the world.

1957 [1955], Herbert Tichy, “Turquoise Goddess”, in Basil Creighton, transl., Cho Oyu: Gnade der Götter by Ullstein Verlag [Cho Oyu: By Favour of the Gods], London: Methuen & Co, →OCLC, page 14:

Tingri lies at the edge of a vast plain. There are great views of the Himalayan giants to the south, assuming there's no cloud cover. Everest, or the uppermost part of it, is visible to the far left, but from this distance it doesn't look like a mammoth. However, Cho Oyu, straight ahead, looks stunning. It's worth taking a short hike to the south of Tingri for better views; another viewpoint is from the top of the hill above the village, where there are some old fort ruins.

2006 August, Michael Buckley, Tibet (Bradt Travel Guides), 2nd edition, Globe Pequot Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 200:

Rozov set a new world record in 2013 for the highest-ever base jump when he leapt from Changstse, a peak in the Everest massif towering at 7,220 metres in a specially-designed wingsuit.
He broke his own record three years later by jumping from a height of 7,700 metres on Mount Cho Oyu.

2017 November 12, “Russian base jumper dies in Nepal's Everest region”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2017-11-12:

A team of Nepali mountaineers has set out for Mt. Cho Oyu with a view to opening the first commercial route to the top of the world's sixth tallest peak from the Nepali side, officials and mountaineering agencies said.
"A team led by veteran Gelje Sherpa set out for Mt. Cho Oyu on Wednesday," Mingma Devid Sherpa, founder of the Elite Exped which is one of the sponsors of the expedition, told Xinhua.[...]
"Because of the low success rate from the Nepali side, we have failed to commercialize our existing routes," said Santa Bir Lama, president of Nepal Mountaineering Association. "The team is aiming to find the easiest way to Mt. Cho Oyu from the Nepal side."

2022 January 28, “Nepali team to explore 1st commercial route to Mt. Cho Oyu from southern side”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News, archived from the original on 2022-01-28:

When approached from the Tibet side, Cho Oyu is the safest of the 14 peaks. But Harila and her team had been forced to attempt it from the Nepal side because their visas and permits to enter Tibet had never been approved by the Chinese government. And even if they did accomplish this groundbreaking ascension of Cho Oyu, they would have no way to access the mission’s final peak as the Shishapangma mountain is entirely within Tibet.

2023 February 19, David Gardner, “A Race Up the World’s Tallest Mountains, and for Gender Equality”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-02-19, Sports:

A mountain in the Himalayas, on the border between Solukhumbu district, Koshi, Nepal and Tingri County, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China; the world’s sixth highest mountain.


Tengzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 滕州 (Téngzhōu).

Zhang Shijun’s letter issued earlier this month urged Chinese president Hu Jintao to “use his wisdom” to officially reassess the “June Fourth tragedy, the event in China’s recent history that causes bitter weeping and choking back tears.”
He was taken away by police from his home in Tengzhou, Shandong province, around 2 a.m. on Friday, the Civil Rights and Livelihood Watch group said.

2009 March 20, Lucy Hornby, “Soldier who spoke on Tiananmen detained: rights group”, in Jerry Norton, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-08-18, World News:

Mr. Qi was originally detained after he wrote a series of articles in the state-run media detailing corruption among local party officials in the city of Tengzhou.

2011 July 29, Andrew Jacobs, “China Jails Journalist Who Reported on Corruption”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-11-30, ASIA PACIFIC:

A county-level city of Zaozhuang, Shandong, China.


閩縣

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/min³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaiŋ²⁴²/

/ban²⁴⁻²² kuãi²²/

/ban²³⁻³³ kuãi³³/

/ban²⁴⁻¹¹ kuãi³³/

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/min³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaiŋ²⁴²/

/ban²⁴⁻²² kuãi²²/

/ban²³⁻³³ kuãi³³/

/ban²⁴⁻¹¹ kuãi³³/

(historical) Min (a historical county of Fujian, China)


瘦西湖

→ English: Slender West Lake

/ʂoʊ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

/ʂoʊ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

Slender West Lake (a scenic lake in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China)


Xinan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 西南 (Xīnán).

A subdistrict of Sanshui district, Foshan, Guangdong, China.

A resident of Shangdaimei village, also near Shanwei city, said hundreds of villagers had marched to local government offices in Xinan township on Sunday to protest the sale of their farmland.[…]
An official who answered the phone at the Xinan township government confirmed the protest had taken place.

2011 December 19, Fung Yat-yiu, Wen Yuqing, Luisetta Mudie, “Villagers Defy Threat of Force”, in Luisetta Mudie, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2015-09-10:

A town in Lufeng, Shanwei, Guangdong, China.


Qin'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 秦安 (Qín'ān).

Likewise, the magistrate of Ch’in-an county in Kansu thought it by no means unreasonable from the fiscal point of view to report in 1535 so disproportionate a population as one of 12,424 males and 6,099 females.

[1959, Ping-ti Ho, “The Nature of Ming Population Data”, in Studies on the Population of China, 1368-1953, Harvard University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page iv, 12:

In 1967, 17 bronzes of the Chin Dynasty¹ (221-207 B.C.) were excavated at Shangyuanchia, Chinan County.

[1972, Hsin-wen Lan, “Finds from Kansu”, in 中国新出土文物 [New Archaeological Finds in China: Discoveries During the Cultural Revolution], Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 30:

Linwei, eighty li southeast of Qin’an county in Gansu, was the administrative center of Lueyang commandery (Dushi fangyu jiyao 59/2596; Zang 1936:849.1, 1293.1).

1998, “Li Te [李特]”, in Great Perfection: Religion and Ethnicity in a Chinese Millennial Kingdom [大成], Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 117:

Dadiwan Site is located in the gentle hillsides on the south bank of Qingshui River in Qinan County, Tianshui City. The earliest site dates from 7,800 years ago, and the most recent site dates from 4,800 years ago.

[2008, “Northwest China”, in Chen Xuejian, editor, Travel Around China, HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 263, column 3:

A county of Tianshui, Gansu, in northwestern China.


Ji'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 吉安 (Jí'ān).

The core area of the Central Soviet in southern Kiangsi in 1932 and 1933 stretched from Ch’angt’ing (Tingchow) and Shanghang in western Fukien on the east to Hsinfeng, Kanhsien, and Wanan in the west of Kiangsi, and from the border of Kwangtung in the south to just below Chian and Nanchang in central Kiangsi.[…]
After the failure to take Wuhan or hold Changsha, the Party established a provincial soviet government following Mao’s occupation of Chian, Kiangsi, for several weeks in October, 1930.

[1972, James Pinckney Harrison, “Growth of the Rural Soviets”, in The Long March to Power: A History of the Chinese Communist Party, 1921-72 (Praeger University Series), Praeger Publishers, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 198, 203:

``I never saw shoes. Just straw sandals,″ said Xia, a thin and vigorous man of 78 who lives in a retirement home for revolutionaries in Ji’an, in Jiangxi province in southern China.

1999 September 26, Renee Schoof, “China Marks Communism Half Century”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-22:

A prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China.


Ji'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 集安 (Jí'ān).

The journey to the monuments of the ancient Korean kingdom of Kao-kou-li (Kokurye, in Korean), in the Hsien of Chi-an, on the r. bank of the Ya-lu Chiang (Am-nok kang or Pul-ryu in Korean), can be made by either of two routes:[…]

[1912, Northern China, The Valley of the Blue River, Korea, Hachette & Company, →OCLC, page 246:

Ji’an was the capital of Gaogouli, an ancient state in northeast China, between AD 3 and 427.

1997, “Three Kingdoms through Western and Eastern Jin to Northern and Southern Dynasties (AD 220-589)”, in A Journey into China's Antiquity: National Museum of Chinese History, 1st edition, volume 2, Morning Glory Publishers, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 280:

The present-day city of Ji’an at the southern tip of Jilin province was the second capital (3-427 CE) of the Gaogouli kingdom during its middle period. During the twentieth century, Chinese archaeologists mapped out more than 12,000 Gaogouli tombs at 32 localities in the Ji’an region; over 90 percent of them are located in the area surrounding Ji’an city and distributed in six cemetery zones. Hundreds of Gaogouli royal and aristocratic tombs (particularly those with painted murals) found at the site have advanced the study of the society, and culture.

2004, Xiaoneng Yang, “Early Imperial China (Qin Dynasty through Southern and Northern Dynasties Period)”, in Xiaoneng Yang, editor, New Perspectives on China's Past: Chinese Archaeology in the Twentieth Century, volume 2, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 324:

A policewoman at the Chinese border town of Ji'an said: "Some leader came yesterday," but declined further comment on reports that the two Kims had traveled there on late on Wednesday.

2010 August 26, Maxim Duncan, Jeremy Laurence, Brett Cole, Kwon Youri, Tabassum Zakaria, Chris Buckley, Jonathan Thatcher, “Kim Jong-il makes surprise China visit: sources”, in Sanjeev Miglani, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2016-03-05, World News:

After watching Mr. Kim’s movements for the past few days, the South Korean authorities said his train had crossed the border with China, traveling from the North Korean town of Manpo to Jian in China, according to an official at the presidential Blue House in Seoul.

[2010 August 26, Choe Sang-Hun, Sharon LaFraniere, “Carter Wins Release of American in North Korea”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-11-09, Asia Pacific:

In particular, the recent opening of a bridge connecting the Chinese city of Jian (集安) and the North Korean town of Manpho (만포, 满浦) suggests that both the DPRK and China seem to be willing to open what would be a third economic cooperation corridor, in addition to the main Dandong-Sinuiju axis and the already existing Hunchun-Rason routes linking North Hamgyong Province with the Yanbian Korean Prefecture of Jilin Province. This was revealed during fieldwork interviews I conducted in Jian and the borderlands in 2018.

[2019 May 3, Théo Clément, “The Jian-Manpho Bridge: Another Failed Attempt at Economic Integration or One More Nail in the Coffin of “Maximum Pressure”?”, in 38 North, archived from the original on 2019-05-05:

A county-level city of Tonghua, Jilin, China.


Xian'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 咸安 (Xián'ān).

The Financial Daily reported that the obsession began at a spring festival this year in Damu township, in the mountainous Xianan district, when a resident returned home for a holiday with her husband from Guangdong province, where the Hong Kong Mark Six draw can be seen on TV.

[2001 August 16, Mark O'Neill, “Hubei punts on Mark Six imitation”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-09-18:

There are over 5,000 registered believers and 38 Christian gathering sites in Xian'an District. Amongst the sites are 7 downtown churches: Xian'an Central Church, Wenquan Grace Church, Dafan Chruch, Shuangquan Church, Hongqiao Church, Guanbu Church, and Shuangquan True Jesus Church.There are also churches and meeting places in the villages and towns of Xian'an District.

2017 April 19, Church of Xian'ning^([sic – meaning Xianning]), “Development and Characteristics of Christianity in Xian’an, Hubei”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 2023-06-29:

In Tunliu County in Shanxi Province, authorities set out to collect blood samples from 36,000 men and boys, or roughly 26% of the county’s male population, while 40,000 samples were collected from the roughly 300,000 male residents in the Xian’an District of Xianning, Hubei Province.

2020 June 17, James Leibold, Emile Dirks, “Genomic surveillance: inside China’s DNA dragnet”, in Australian Strategic Policy Institute, archived from the original on 2020-06-24:


Dong'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東安／东安 (Dōng'ān).

zh-l

東安／东安 (Dōng'ān)

Dunyi Street in the Dong'an district of Mudanjiang, which is known for its special Russian-Chinese atmosphere, has been listed as a state-level tourism and leisure district, as reported by Dongbeiwan, a partner of TV BRICS.

2023 March 11, “Dongyi Street is listed as a state-level tourism and recreation district in the PRC”, in TV BRICS, archived from the original on 2023-03-22:

A district of Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China.


Ma'anshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 馬鞍山 /马鞍山 (Mǎ'ānshān).

Holdings will invest in nine projects in the construction materials industry in Ma'anshan, Anhui province. Ma'anshan is a city rich in natural resources and investors have shown great interest in investing in construction materials and property projects in the city.

1993 August 27, “THURSDAY, AUGUST 26”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-06-25:

Oatly said in November it had opened its first production facility in Ma'anshan, China, just a few months after opening its first Asian factory in Singapore, signaling its margins would improve by bringing more production in-house.

2022 March 8, Praveen Paramasivam, “Oatly to emerge winner in 2022 plant-based peers' battle”, in Shinjini Ganguli, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-03-08, European Markets:

A prefecture-level city of Anhui, China.


Tianjia'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 田家庵 (Tiánjiā'ān).

It is located in the western suburb of Tianjiaan, Huainnan^([sic – meaning Huainan]) City, Anhui Province. Like a multi-colored band, it joins together the railroad and highway which cut across the north and south Huai regions.

[1983 January 14 [1982 October 1], “First Dual-Purpose Bridge Over Huaihe Completed”, in China Report: Economic Affairs, number 300, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Beijing GONGREN RIBAO p 1, →OCLC, Transportation, page 114:

Based on the initial data, we tried to forecast the 2005 EC development in various districts of Huai'nan^([sic – meaning Huainan]). Listed below is only the result of the forecast of EC development in Tianjia'an District.

2006, G. Jianquan, Fankun, T. Bingyong, B. Shi, Y. Jianzheng, “Forecast of the regional EC development through an ANN model with a feedback controller”, in Computational Finance and Its Applications II, WIT Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 233:


Chang'an Avenue

Partial calque from Mandarin 長安街／长安街 (Cháng'ān Jiē).

長安街／长安街 (Cháng'ān Jiē)

The wall poster, put up on Changan Street in Peiping on March, declared that the Chinese Communist regime should actively promote democracy, especially the democratic system formulated by Dr. Sun Yat-sen.

[1979 April 1, “Wallposter call”, in Free China Weekly, volume XX, number 12, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3, column 3:

I was a Communist Party member, and I was leading about 40 students from my college out of Tiananmen Square early on the morning of June 4. The crackdown was pretty much over.
Several girls were with us, and one was really scared. I told her not to worry, that I'd stay with her. But when we turned onto Changan Avenue, the army began shooting tear gas at us.

[2001 February 4, Craig S. Smith, “Tiananmen's Shadow”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27, Section 6, page 52:

After the crackdown, an unarmed man briefly stopped a line of tanks on Chang’an Avenue. The scene, captured by foreign journalists, has become one the most powerful symbols of dissent in China. The man remains unidentified.

2015 September 3, Patrick Boehler, “China’s Military Parade Celebrates World War II Victory”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-02, World:

The SK Tower transaction is particularly significant, given the 35-storey office building’s prime location in the heart of Beijing’s central business district, right next to the Chang’an Avenue thoroughfare.

2021 June 9, “Chinese insurer Hexie snaps up US$1.4 billion Beijing tower from SK Group in largest office deal since onset of coronavirus pandemic”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-06-09:

Fu Yangen, a Beijing resident, gave a resounding "Yes!" when asked if she would like the party to stay in power for another 100 years.
"It has enabled us ordinary people to achieve happiness in our lives," said Fu, 27, as she posed for photos in front of large anniversary-themed flower arrangements along Changan Avenue, the city's main thoroughfare.

[2021 June 30, “China's Communist Party to celebrate 100th birthday in show of pomp and power”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-06-30:

A street in Beijing, China, which runs past the Forbidden City, Zhongnanhai and other important locations.


Longjing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 龍井／龙井 (Lóngjǐng).

The influx into the Chientao (間島) of Corean farmers, hunters, and trappers had long been a burning question before the Governments of China and Japan finally agreed by the Chientao Convention of 1909 or China-Corean Frontier Agreement to recognize the Tumen river as the boundary between Corea and China, and to open Lungchingtsun (龍井村) along with three other places to foreign residence and trade. A Chinese Custom House was accordingly opened here on 1st January 1910, but was made subordinate to the Hunchun (琿春) Customs.² It remained in this subordinate position till July 1924 when the head office was transferred to Lungchingtsun,³ while Hunchun—at which in accordance with the Manchurian Convention of 1905 a Custom House had been opened on 27th December 1909—fell into the position of a branch office. The reason for this deposition of Hunchun was the advent in 1923 of the T’ien T’u (天圖) light railway which running through Lungchingtsun to Yen Chi Fu (延吉府) connected both places with the frontier district of Kaishantun, and thence through Kainei (Hui Ning 會甯) to the Corean port of Seishin.

[1938, Stanley F. Wright, “From the Revision that Failed to the Peking Tariff Conference of 1925-1926”, in China's Struggle for Tariff Autonomy: 1843-1938, Paragon Book Gallery, →OCLC, page 406:

Longjing county is another part of eastern Jilin province. It is located on the left bank of the middle reaches of the Tumen river. The Longgang range — a branch of the Changbai range — extends into the southern part of its territory.

1995, Zhen-hua Liu, “Recent Neolithic Discoveries in Jilin Province”, in The Archaeology of Northeast China: Beyond the Great Wall, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 95:

The meeting was attended by approximately 30 people involved in youth work, including YCL committee members and heads of children’s departments in the Wangqing area, delegates of young people from Yanji, and student delegates (underground workers) from Longjing.

2008 [1935], Il-sung Kim, “With the Conviction of Independence”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 48, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, pages 67–68:

* Chinese officials will lift African swine fever-related restrictions in Longjing city, in northeastern Jilin province, the Ministry of Agriculture said on Wednesday

2018 December 19, “China to lift African swine fever limits for city in Jilin province”, in Louise Heavens, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-12, Consumer Products & Retail News:

Five ethnic Korean children prayed in a local church in Longjing, which borders North Korea and is home to a large ethnic Korean community.

2019 February 26, Tiffany May, “Young People Left Behind in China’s Snowbound Rust Belt”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-02-26, Lens:

A county-level city of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, across the Tumen River from Hoeryong, North Hamgyong, North Korea.


Helong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 和龍 /和龙 (Hélóng).

The tactics of the General culminated in victory in the battle of Hualatzu, Antu county in March 1940, the battle of Yangtsaokou, Tungnancha, Antu county in April, the battle of Shihliping, Holung county in May and the subsequent battle of Yulangtsun, Holung county.

[1969, Bong Baik, “Large-Troop Circling Operations that Terrified Japanese Imperialism”, in Kim Il Sung Biography: From Birth to Triumphant Return to Homeland, volume I, Tokyo: Miraisha, →OCLC, page 464:

In this large-scale operation of advance into the homeland we plan to dispatch the KPRA in three directions: The main unit will cross the Amnok River and push towards Hyesan, a strongpoint of frontier guards of the Japanese imperialists; another unit is to skirt Mt. Paektu and push on, by way of Antu and Helong, to the northern border area adjoining the Tuman River; and the third unit is to advance as far as the Linjiang and Changbai areas on the shore of the Amnok River.

1980 [1937 March 29], Kim Il-sung, “Let Us Inspire the People with Hopes of National Liberation by Advancing with Large Forces into the Motherland”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 1, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, page 126:

The Helong city government said a 55-year-old man surnamed Zhao, his 26-year-old daughter and another man aged 67 were killed Saturday. It said in a statement that police from the provincial to the local levels were investigating.[…]
Calls to Helong city and Yanbian prefecture government spokesmen rang unanswered on Thursday.

2015 April 30, Christopher Bodeen, “3 killed in Chinese town where North Koreans blamed in past”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-26:

A county-level city of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China.


Antu

From Mandarin 安圖 /安图 (Āntú, literally “pacify the Tumen”).

bor

The map was of the Antu county of Laoling with a scale of one to 250,000, “the locality where Downey and Fecteau were scheduled to pick up agent Li Chun Ying from their aircraft,” the broadcast said and added that the spot was "clearly marked with a pencil."

1954 December 1, “Chinese Cite Airlift Methods of U.S. Spies”, in Daily Worker, volume XXI, number 239, New York, page 2, column 2:

On their persons they had a detailed map of Antu County in Kirin Province of China and a Chinese-English conversation sheet. Downey admitted that earlier he had trained agents who were air-dropped into China and had contacted them.

1954 December 25, “Uniformed Spy is a Spy, Says Legal Expert Ch’en T’i-ch’iang”, in Jerome Alan Cohen, Hungdah Chiu, editors, People's China and International Law: A Documentary Study, volume 1, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, published 1974, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 636:

1969, Bong Baik, “Large-Troop Circling Operations that Terrified Japanese Imperialism”, in Kim Il Sung Biography: From Birth to Triumphant Return to Homeland, volume I, Tokyo: Miraisha, →OCLC, page 464:

Our first stop is in Antu County, Kirin Province, a rugged and hilly extension of the Changpai foothills. The temperature in midsummer lingers around 20° C.

1972, Chi Hsin, “Where the Sunghua River Flows”, in The Seeds and Other Stories, Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 145:

The radiation level in Changbai Korean autonomous county – the closest Chinese urban area to the Punggye-ri test facility – climbed gradually from an average of 104.9 nanograys per hour immediately after the test on Sunday to 108.5 on Tuesday, according to figures released by China’s environment ministry.[…]
Similar upward trends were reported by monitoring stations in other regions, including in Antu county at the foot of Changbai Mountain and in Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture further north.

2017 September 6, Stephen Chen, “China detects rising radiation levels in areas close to North Korean nuclear blast site”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-09-06, Diplomacy & Defense:

The source said that a friend from Jilin’s Antu county had told him that only border crossing between the two nations by land, across North Korea’s sacred Mt. Paekdu—known in China as Mt. Changbai—had been closed from Sept. 17-21.

2018 September 20, Joonho Kim, Joshua Lipes, “North Korea Shuts Down Illegal Cell Phone Access to Chinese Networks Amid Kim-Moon Summit”, in Leejin Jun, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-09-20:

A county of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China.


Shizuishan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 石嘴山 (Shízuǐshān).

I again entered civilization at Shih-tsui-tzu (officially called Shih-tsui-shan), a wretched town of 700 or 800 houses in a barren sandy plain. Three or four miles further south, however, I entered a very fertile region, between the Yellow river and the rugged A-la-shan, watered by five canals, which are supplied with water from the Yellow river, and which distribute it through countless irrigation channels over the surrounding fields.

[1911 March, George Pereira, “A Journey Across the Ordos”, in The Geographical Journal, volume XXXVII, number 3, London: Royal Geographical Society, page 264:

Moving west from Paotowchen there is only one highway, which many camel trains from Kansu follow in winter, but which is almost deserted in summer when the Yellow River is ice free. This road leads through Santaoho, a Roman Catholic Mission village near the elbow of the river, through Shihtsuishan, where there is a carefully guarded pass and a large garrison, and on into the populous Ninghsia district of Kansu, altogether an eighteen day journey of about 1,300 11 through thinly settled country in which a pestilence would travel with difficulty and in which it could have been most effectually checked at any of half a dozen points.

[1918 April, Rodney Gilbert, “Pneumonic Plague in China”, in Asia, volume XVIII, number 4, American Asiatic Association, page 344, columns 2, 3:

In Shizuishan, Ningxia's northernmost city, there was only one mainly Yihewani mosque before 1949, later destroyed in 1966.

1991, Dru C. Gladney, Muslim Chinese, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 162:

Tuesday morning’s explosion occurred at a small coal mine when 20 miners were working underground in the city of Shizuishan in the northwestern region of Ningxia, the official Xinhua News Agency said. State broadcaster CCTV had said in the morning that the blast had killed 19 people, but later reported 18 deaths.[…]
Calls to the Shizuishan city government Wednesday rang unanswered.

2016 September 28, “Explosion kills 18 in ‘illegal’ coal mine in northern China”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-07-21:

A prefecture-level city of the Ningxia autonomous region, China.


Zhongwei

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 中衛 /中卫 (Zhōngwèi).

The Central Weather Bureau in Taipei pinpointed the epicenter of the August 16 earthquake on the Chinese mainland at a spot in the vicinity of Chungwei, Ninghsia province.[…]
Chungwei is located on a railway near the Great Wall. It is close to the boundary of Kansu. The earthquake was powerful enough to damage the ancient wall, according to seismologists.

[1976 August 22, “Second quake”, in 自由中國週報 [Free China Weekly], volume XVII, number 33, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3, column 3:

WE GET OFF the train in the town of Zhongwei in the largely Muslim Ningxia autonomous region.

1980 March, Rick Gore, “Journey to China's Far West”, in National Geographic Magazine, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 310, column 1:

At Zhongwei we disembarked to visit a place named Shapotou, which means "at the head of a sandy slope." The name describes the location, the edge of the Tengger, a shamo where dunes creep along the foothills of the Xiangshan, an east-west mountain range.

1982, The Desert Realm, National Geographic Society, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 223:

The new projects approved by the commission include a rail link between Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province in central China, and the city of Zhongwei in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the northwest, state media reported.

2006 July 3, David Lague, “China devotes funds to impoverished west - Business - International Herald Tribune”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-12, International Business:


Guyuan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 固原 (Gùyuán).

Pengyang county was administered by Guyuan before 1988. In contrast to Guyuan, Pengyang is relatively wealthy.

2004, Peter Ho, “The Wasteland Auction Policy in Northwest China: Solving Environmental Degradation and Rural Poverty?”, in Rural Development in Transitional China: The New Agriculture, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 125:

Mr. Zhang said a main goal of moving people from Xihaigu was to turn the hills green, with a parallel planting program. More than two million acres have been converted to forest and pasture land, he said, citing the Guyuan area, where forest coverage was 22 percent last year, up from 4 percent in the 1980s.

2016 October 25, Edward Wong, “Resettling China’s ‘Ecological Migrants’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-10-27, World:


Lingwu

Savings deposits of some of the commune peasants in Wuchung and Lingwu counties, where people of the Hui nationality live in compact communities, increased by more than 30 percent and 100 percent respectively last year. In four people's communes in Lingwu County where 92 percent of the population is of the Hui nationality, total grain output last year topped 1976 by 70 percent and considerable progress was made in the diverisfied^([sic – meaning diversified]) economy.

1978 January 27 [1978 January 27], “Grain Production, Bank Savings Increase in Ningsia”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 19, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA, →ISSN, →OCLC, page M 1:

The stone implements unearthed along with Hetao Man are very small in size. In spite of some similarities, they are markedly different from those found at Shuidonggou in Lingwu County in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Therefore, the stone implements of these two sites should not be classified together into a “Hetao Culture” (Ordos Culture).

1980, Atlas of Primitive Man in China, Beijing: Science Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 127:

Our hardest day now lay ahead. The road made a big detour to the south via Lingwu, crossing the Yellow River by the only bridge for many miles before turning north again for Yinchuan, the capital of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.

1987, Robin Hanbury-Tenison, “Between the Desert and the Green”, in A Ride Along the Great Wall, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 150:

Yongning county is only 12.9 percent Hui, a relatively small minority in contrast to neighboring Lingwu county in the southeast, which is 47 percent Hui, and southern Jingyuan county, which is 97 percent Hui (the highest concentration of Hui in one county in China, see Map 2).

1991, Dru C. Gladney, Muslim Chinese, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 119:

For the next two centuries, Nestorian Christianity, known as Jing Jiao (“Resplendent Religion”) in Chinese, spread within the empire, with churches in cities as far apart as Lingwu (in present-day Ningxia), Chengdu and Guangzhou.

2018 March 21, Wee Kek Koon, “What happened to China’s early Christians and why did the Nestorian doctrine die out?”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2018-03-24:

A county-level city of Yinchuan, Ningxia autonomous region, China.


Nagqu

The Dalai Lama gave few details about the boy or how he was discovered. He said only that the child was born in the Lhari district in Nagqu four months after the previous Panchen Lama died in January 1989.

1995 May 15, “Tibet Buddhists Call Boy, 6, Reincarnation of No. 2 Monk”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-03-05, Section A, page 6:

A prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China.


Bei'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 北安 (Běi'ān).

Inside back: Wheat harvest at the Pei-an County State Farm, Heilungkiang province.

[1972 January, China Reconstructs, volume XXI, number 1, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Han and originally from Bei’an, a city further south in Heilongjiang known for its high-security jail, large psychiatric facility and a preponderance of criminal gangs, he was now running his own English school in Heihe.

2014, David Eimer, “Along the Amur”, in The Emperor Far Away: Travels at the Edge of China, Bloomsbury USA, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 297:

A county-level city of Heihe, Heilongjiang, China.


Namcha Barwa

Today, with nearly all the great peaks already climbed (except Namcha Barwa, 25,700 feet, which the Chinese are reserving for themselves, having tried and failed three times so far), mountaineers try for new and harder routes, as well as faster times, forever narrowing the safety margin.

1985 March 7, Michael Kernan, “Call of the Climb”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-09-01:

Namcha Barwa (7782 m) finally fell to the Japanese efforts. Two Japanese-Chinese expeditions recceed the peak in 1990 and 1991.

1998, Soli Mehta, Harish Kapadia, “Sikkim and Assam Himalaya”, in Exploring the Hidden Himalaya, 2nd revised and updated edition, New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 40:

A mountain in Mêdog, Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.


Yalong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 雅礱 /雅砻 (Yǎlóng).

Even among the tributaries of the two great rivers of China, many rivers may be found of considerable length, and some scarcely inferior to the largest rivers of Europe. At the head of these are the Han-shwuy, which, rising in the mountains between Shense and Kansuh, empties itself into the Yang-tsze-keang at Han-yang-Foo, in Hoopih,—and the Ya-lung-keang, which rises in Kokonor, and after running for some time nearly parallel with the Yang-tsze-keang, empties itself into that river on the borders of Szechuen and Kansuh.

[1832 June, Le Ming-che Tsing-lae, “Ta Tsing Wan-neen Yih-tung King-wei Yu-too,—"A general geographical map, with degrees of latitude and longitude, of the Empire of the Ta-tsing Dynasty—may it last for ever."”, in The Chinese Repository, volume I, number 2, Canton, →OCLC, page 38:

Even among the tributaries of the two great rivers of China, many rivers may be found of cansiderable^([sic – meaning considerable]) length, and some scarcely inferior to the largest rivers of Europe. At the head of these are the Han-shwuy, which, rising in the mountains between Shense and Kansuh, empties itself into the Yangtsze keäng at Hanyang foo, in Hoopih,—and the Yalung keäng, which rises in Koko-nor, and after running for some time nearly parallel with the Yangtsze keäng, empties itself into that river on the borders of Szechuen and Kansuh.

[1833 [1832 June], Le Mingche Tsinglae, “Ta Tsing Wan-neën Yih-tung King-wei Yu-too,—"A general geographical map, with degrees of latitude and longitude, of the Empire of the Ta Tsing Dynasty—may it last for ever."”, in The Chinese Repository, 2nd edition, volume I, number 2, Canton, →OCLC, page 38:

A bridge over the Yalong River in Ganzi County, in Sichuan Province.

2008 April 3, Michael Benanav, “Caught Between a Crackdown and a Tibetan Welcome”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2008-04-06, Travel:

I was just a few kilometres outside Garze on the Yalong River, which started its journey on the Qinghai plateau and ended over 1,300 kilometres later when it poured into the Yangtze in the very southernmost corner of Sichuan.

2016, Richard Loseby, chapter 10, in A Boy of China (Non-fiction), HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 131:


Yumen

Rich oil has been found in the vicinity of Yumen County north of the Chilien, and a new oil city has been built there.

1958, Chun-heng Wang, “The Shensi-Kansu-Chinghai Region”, in A Simple Geography of China (China Knowledge Series), Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 202:

Irrigation systems expanded agriculture, and Yü-men, in the early 1960s, was rapidly growing into a transport and petroleum centre, with refineries, by-product plants, and oil-well machinery plants.

[1964, Joseph Earle Spencer, “YÜ-MEN”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 23, →OCLC, page 926B, column 1:

After landing at Chiuchuan, we set out immediately up a macadamised highway to the oil municipality of Yumen situated up on the slopes of the Chilien Mountains in what was once known as Yumen County.

1973, Rewi Alley, “Through the Kansu Panhandle and Down the Old Silk Road”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XII, number 6, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 20, column 2:

Yumen is in a high-altitude corner of the poor northwestern province of Gansu. A single oil field is its gushing but fragile economic base.

2008 April 17, “Many of China's 'resource' towns are dying”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-05-24, International Business:

A county-level city of Jiuquan, Gansu, China, formerly a county.


Altyn Tagh

From Uyghur ئالتۇن تاغ (altun tagh, “golden mountain”).

der

THIS is a personal story, with a physical background stretching from the River Don in Russia across Siberia, down through Mongolia and Northwestern China to the lofty, inhospitable Altyn Tagh, first step to the Kunlun ranges bordering Tibet.

1942 October 4, Jane Spence Southron, “Secret Army; THE GOLDEN HORDE. By La Selle Gilman. 466 pp. New York Smith & Durrell. $2.75.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-08:

Tibet is awash in superlatives. It is the highest country on earth and the most mountainous, with three-quarters of the country’s territory lying at 16,000 feet or higher, a full three miles above sea level. It’s ringed by world-class mountain ranges on three sides. In the north, the Altyn Tagh range separates Tibet from China’s Xinjiang province and the Gobi desert.

2011, Stephan Talty, “An Examination of Prior Memories”, in Escape from the Land of Snows (History), New York: Crown Publishers, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 12:

From the Qaidam basin, trains will tunnel through the Altyn-Tagh — a mountain range that separates the eastern Tarim basin from the Tibetan plateau.

2019 June 29, Atul Aneja, “The inescapable revival of the Tarim basin”, in The Hindu, archived from the original on 2020-11-07:


Greater Khingan

"I swear the real Jonathan Marl is miles away in the Great Khingan Range in the gulag at Pokotu."[…]
"What about Jonathan?"
"That he was being held prisoner in Manchuria, Pokotu in the Great Khingan Range to be exact."

[1984 December, Gloria Vitanza Basile, chapter 26, in The Sting of the Scorpion (Global 2000 Trilogy), volume III (Fiction), New York: Pinnacle Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 463, 464:

The north Eurasian plain is not only Russia's geographical setting, but also her fate. From the Carpathians in the west to the Greater Khingan range in the east, a huge expanse of flat, open territory dominates the Eurasian continent.

2001 July 8, Geoffrey Hosking, “"Russia and the Russians: A History"”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-16, First Chapter:

The second outbreak is in the remote Greater Khingan Mountains in Inner Mongolia, where 210 of the 222 wild boar raised on the farm died, the ministry said in a separate statement. The rest have been slaughtered, it said.

2019 February 24, Ben Blanchard, Hou Xiangming, “China reports two new African swine fever outbreaks”, in Himani Sarkar, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2024-05-25, ワールド:

The Company’s current facility is located in Tahe County, Heilongjiang Province, near the Greater Khingan Range, in close proximity to its suppliers.

2022 January 31, “CN Energy’s Subsidiary Completes New Manufacturing Facility”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-30:


湯坑

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Tangkeng (a county, a Fengshun in Meizhou, Guangdong, China)


興文

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

(～縣) Xingwen (a county of Yibin, Sichuan, China)


九亭

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Jiuting (a town in Songjiang district, Shanghai, China)


陽穀

/jɑŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～縣) Yanggu (a county of Liucheng, Shandong, China)


Dasi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 大寺.

The rain, which started on Wednesday evening, hit the northern part of the city the hardest. Dasi township in the suburban Xiqing district was the worst-affected area, receiving 34.5 centimeters of rain, according to the Tianjin Meteorological Bureau.

2012 July 27, “Tianjin hit with heavy rainfall”, in China Internet Information Center, archived from the original on 2012-07-28:

A town in Xiqing district, Tianjin, China.


白雲鄂博

ㄅㄞˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄜˋ ㄅㄛˊ

ㄅㄞˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄜˋ ㄅㄛˊ

/paɪ̯³⁵ yn³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ yn³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

From Mongolian ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ
ᠣᠪᠤᠭᠠ (bayan obug-a, literally “rich + ovoo (cairn)”).

bor

(～礦區) Bayan Obo (a mining district of Baotou, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China)


長寧

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ nɪŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ nɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Changning (a district of Shanghai, China)

(～縣) Changning (a county of Yibin, Sichuan, China)

(historical) (～縣) Changning (a former county of Guangdong, China; modern Xinfeng county)

(historical) (～縣) Changning (a former county of Jiangxi, China; modern Xunwu county)


撫河

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/


餘干

/jyː²¹ kɔːn⁵⁵/

/jyː²¹ kɔːn⁵⁵/

Yuè rén yù wéi biàn, bì xiān tián Yúgān jiè zhōng, jī shíliáng, nǎi rù fá cái zhì chuán.

越人欲為變，必先田餘干界中，積食糧，乃入伐材治船。

越人欲为变，必先田余干界中，积食粮，乃入伐材治船。

(～縣) Yugan (a county of Shangrao, Jiangxi, China)


Xiong'an New Area

Partial calque from Mandarin 雄安新區／雄安新区 (Xióng'ān Xīnqū).

zh-l

雄安新區／雄安新区 (Xióng'ān Xīnqū)

But on Saturday, China declared that an area that sprawls across three local counties will someday become Xiongan New Area, a gleaming economic powerhouse reminiscent of earlier developments that helped put China’s economy on its fast-growth trajectory.

[2017 April 3, Ailin Tang, “Within Hours, Plans for a Quiet Corner of China Send Home Prices Soaring”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-04-03, Business:

In planning and building the Xiong’an New Area [part of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development program], under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee we should follow the underlying principle of seeking progress while maintaining stability, and reinforcing and implementing the new development concepts.

2018, Xi Jinping, The Governance of China, volume II, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 260:

Around 1.2 million people in Xiong'an New Area -- a new economic zone 100 kilometres southwest of Beijing -- are no longer allowed to enter or leave their residential compounds, local virus prevention staff confirmed to AFP on Friday.
[...]While there have been a number of national-level "New Areas" across China, Xiong'an stands out with its location personally designated by President Xi Jinping, according to state media.

2022 January 28, “China quietly locks down area near Beijing with Olympics a week away”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2022-01-28:


Pingshan

THE remains of the capital of the State of Chungshan founded by nomadic people from the north provide additional insight into life in the Warring States period (475-221 B.C.). Excavation was done between 1974 and 1977 in present-day Pingshan county, which is just northwest of the city of Shihchiachuang in western Hopei province.

1979 January, “Capital of One of the Warring States”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXVIII, number 1, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 40, column 1:

And the hotels for pilgrims at Mt. Wu-t’ai were not the only ones in China: at the Yün-chü monastery of Mount Fang (in P’ing-shan county in modern Hopeh) there was an “equitable refectory” (i-fan t’ing).¹⁴⁹ Some chapels were even constructed for the specific purpose of providing a shelter to travelers.

[1995, Jacques Gernet, “The Circuit of Giving”, in Franciscus Verellen, transl., Buddhism in Chinese Society: An Economic History from the Fifth to the Tenth Centuries (Studies in Asian Culture), New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 225:

Mr. Cao was born in Pingshan county in Hebei Province, in northern China. He was a composer from the age of 16 and reportedly wrote more than 1,500 songs.

1999 April 28, Eric Pace, “Cao Huoxing, 75; Wrote Patriotic Chinese Music”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27, World:

Two sisters died after drinking the yogurt, which was placed with a notebook and a pencil in a plastic bag on the way to the other kindergarten in Pingshan County.
Shijiazhuang Intermediate People’s Court in northern China found both the headmaster and the accomplice guilty of poisoning and sentenced them to death, CCTV said.

2014 April 5, “China sentences 2 to death in fatal poisoning”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-09-07:

A county of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, in northeastern China.


Xibaipo

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 西柏坡 (Xībǎipō).

On April 22, 1948, P'eng Teh-huai's troops recovered Yenan. In May, Mao Tse-tung and the headquarters of the CCP Central Committee moved from northern Shensi to Hsipaipo Village, Pingshan Hsien, Hopei Province in anticipation of an early nationwide victory.

[1967, Franklin W. Houn, “The Final Conquest of Power: 1945-1949”, in A Short History of Chinese Communism, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 71:

On the eighteenth of April, Chou En-lai, who had been away on another mission, arrived at Hsi-pai-p’o, a small community a few miles northwest of the city of Shih-chia-chuang in Hopeh province. The Chairman did not join him there until the twenty-seventh of May, whereupon they settled into Hsi-pai-p’o for what turned out to be ten months. Then the Chairman moved on to their final destination, the ancient capital of Peking, less than two hundred miles to the northeast. At Hsi-pai-p’o the Chairman continued to write prolifically (on land reform, Party discipline, military strategy, and the KMT).

[1977, Roxane Witke, “On the Road to Peking”, in Comrade Chiang Ch’ing, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 217–218:

In a square in front of a Communist Party memorial hall at Xibaipo in northern China, row upon row of party members stood, raised their fists and chanted the party oath in unison.[...]
Xibaipo was an important Communist Party base during China's civil war, which ended in 1949 with the victorious communists sweeping to power.[...]
Party researchers and officials told Reuters the large numbers of visitors at Xibaipo reflects a national push to get people, especially party members and cadres, to get involved with the upcoming anniversary.
Schools are also taking part. At Xibaipo, in Hebei province, a large group of students was lined up, given small national flags and told to recite their Communist Youth League oaths, just as the senior party members were doing.

2021 May 25, Martin Pollard, “Chinese visit 'red' sites ahead of 100th Communist Party anniversary”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-05-25:

A town in Pingshan, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, in northeastern China.


牛荘

ja-pos

牛荘(ニューチャン) • (Nyūchan)

[ɲ̟ɨːt͡ɕã̠ɴ]

Borrowed from English Newchang, from Mandarin 牛莊／牛庄 (Niúzhuāng).

Niuzhuang (a town in Haicheng, Anshan, Liaoning, China)


Meixian

Borrowed from Mandarin 梅縣 /梅县 (Méi Xiàn) via Hanyu Pinyin.

bor+

Meishien (alternative)
Mei-hsien (alternative)

To date Meihsien Prefecture has collected 160,000,000 piculs of manure, and spring farming is in full swing in the prefecture.

[1976 February 19 [1976 February 13], “Spring Farming in Kwangtung”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 34, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Canton Kwangtung Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, People's Republic of China: Central-South Region, page H 7:

The first county centre gone through, that of Tsengcheng, was full of new construction. After it, the language on the road right on into the Meihsien prefecture was Hakka.
It took us five hours to get to Hoyuan, where we had lunch and a nap, starting out on the road again at three in the afternoon, and finally coming to rest in Wuhua, our first stop in the Meihsien prefecture, at nine in the evening.

[1977 May, Rewi Alley, “Meihsien—the Great Hakka Centre”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVI, number 5, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 16:

Mr. Ye's more recent roots are in a county of Guangdong called Meixian, which is now a city in the northeast part of the province.

1990 March 1, Sheryl WuDunn, “A Hero in Canton, a Harbinger of Prosperity”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-05-25:

She sadly bade farewell to the Sisters, who were returning to Jiaying (or Meixian), Guangdong Province, from Hong Kong. With foreseeable dangers ahead of them, the Sisters prepared for the worst in China.

2004 November, Cindy Yik-yi Chu, “Difficult Years, 1937–1951”, in The Maryknoll Sisters in Hong Kong, 1921-1969: In Love with the Chinese, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 48:

A former county of Guangdong, China, ancestral home of many Hakka emigrants

Among them, the Minnan and Hakka peoples are collectively called benshengren, as they mostly moved to Taiwan before 1945. Specifically, most Minnan people, nearly 70 percent of Taiwan’s total population, can trace their ancestry to today’s Quanzhou and Zhangzhou in East China’s Fujian province; today’s Longyan city in Fujian province and Meixian district in South China’s Guangdong province are the ancestral homes for the majority of the Hakka people — making up about 15 percent of the total.

2020 July 28, Taiwan Affairs Office, “Basic facts about Taiwan”, in State Council of the People's Republic of China, archived from the original on 2020-07-31:

A district of Meizhou, Guangdong, China.


湄洲灣

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/mei̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

bi² ziu¹ uang¹ [Phonetic:bi⁵ liu² uang¹]

bi² ziu¹ uong¹ [Phonetic:bi⁵ liu² uong¹]

/bi²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/bi¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/bi²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁴⁴/

/bi²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁴⁴/

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/mei̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/bi²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/bi¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/bi²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁴⁴/

/bi²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁴⁴/

Meizhou (a bay of Putian, Fujian, China)


墨江

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

哈尼族自治縣 哈尼族自治縣#Chinese

(～哈尼族自治縣, ～縣) Mojiang (an autonomous county of Pu'er, Yunnan, China)


大盈江

/tä⁵¹ iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Taping River (a tributary of the Irrawaddy in China and Myanmar)


天通苑

→ English: Tiantongyuan

Тяньтунъюань

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

Tiantongyuan (a community in Changping district, Beijing, China)


Tiantongyuan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 天通苑 (Tiāntōngyuàn).

‘Ham’ amateur radio operators in Tiantongyuan, a community in northern Beijing, are using the airwaves to search for an elderly mum who has been missing for over a week.

2006 August 25, Xubo Jiang, “Amateur radio enthusiasts search for missing mum”, in Beijing Review, number 273, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2, column 1:

Tiantongyuan (天通苑) is an apartment complex and neighborhood in northern Beiing’s Changping District that was established in 1999. As of July 2009 it had over 600,000 residents, and it is the largest of such complexes in Asia. Residents of Tiantongyuan all have access to a website called Jiazhu Tiantongyuan (家住天通苑), which means "living in Tiantongyuan."

2011, Eric Gordon, Adriana de Souza e Silva, “Globalization”, in Net Locality: Why Location Matters in a Networked World, Wiley-Blackwell, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 163:

Another key event was the spontaneous mobilization of the Tiantongyuan neighbourhood in greater Beijing in 2008, which was an effort to modify the route plan of line no.5 of the Beijing subway system so that the neighbourhood could be more conveniently connected.

2011, Chunrong Liu, “Contested ground: community and neighbourhood”, in Xiaowei Zang, editor, Understanding Chinese Society, Routledge, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 72:

Nevertheless, China’s investment in subway systems is overwhelmingly positive. And there are also encouraging signs, too, that Chinese cities are beginning to shape urban development around public transport hubs. For example, Tiantongyuan, a high-density community of giant housing blocks in the suburbs of northern Beijing, has three subway stations.

2012, Tom Miller, China's Urban Billion: The story behind the biggest migration in human history, Zed Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 137:

A community in Changping district, Beijing, China.


چھونگ چھنگ

ur-proper noun

چھون٘گ چِھن٘گ

چھون٘گ چِھن٘گ • (choṅg chiṅg) m (Hindi spelling छोंग छिंग)

چھون٘گ چِھن٘گ (canonical)
choṅg chiṅg (romanization)
छोंग छिंग (Hindi)

/t͡ʃʰoːŋɡ t͡ʃʰɪŋɡ/

Borrowed from Mandarin 重慶／重庆 (chóngqìng).

چھونگ چھنگ (شِنہوا) چین کی جنوب مغربی چھونگ چھنگ میونسپلٹی کی بیلٹ اینڈ روڈ کے گرد ممالک اور خطوں کے ساتھ تجارت میں 2019 کے دوران 3 فیصد سالانہ کا اضافہ ہوا جو میونسپلٹی کی کل تجارت کا 27 فیصد ہے۔

2020 January 16, “چین، چھونگ چھنگ کی بیلٹ اینڈ روڈ ممالک کے ساتھ تجارت میں اضافہ”, in INP – Independent News Pakistan, archived from the original on 2022-06-26:

Chongqing (Xinhua) China's southwestern Chongqing municipality's trade with countries and regions along the Belt and Road increased by 3 percent annually in 2019, accounting for 27 percent of the municipality's total trade.

choṅg chiṅg (śinhūā) cīn kī junūb maġribī choṅg chiṅg miyūnisipaliṭī kī bailṭ ainḍ roḍ ke gird mumālik aur xit̤t̤oṉ ke sāth tijārat meṉ 2019 ke daurān 3 fīṣad sālāna kā iẓāfa hūā jo miyūnisipaliṭī kī kul tijārat kā 27 fīṣad hai.

Chongqing (a direct-administered municipality and city in western China)


曲沃

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ wɔ⁵¹/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ jʊk̚⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ wɔ⁵¹/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ jʊk̚⁵/

(～縣) Quwo (a county of Linfen, Shanxi, China)


Вухан

head

Ву́хан • (Vúhan) m (related adjective ву́хански)

Ву́хан (canonical)
Vúhan (romanization)
ву́хански (adjective)

Wuhan (the capital city of Hubei, China)


尋甸

/ɕyn³⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɕyn³⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

回族彝族自治縣 回族彝族自治縣#Chinese

(～回族彝族自治縣, ～縣) Xundian (an autonomous county of Kunming, Yunnan, China)