Pishan

From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 皮山 (Píshān).

In Pishan county, located between the Taklamakan desert to the north and the gobi to the south, in eight years the people have built 229 kilometers of irrigation canals in order to utilize the melting snow of the Kunlun Mountains for irrigation.

1972 December 13, “Basins of China”, in East/West [東西報], volume 6, number 49, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 10, column 3:

The kidnappers took two people hostage late on Wednesday in Pishan County in the far southern part of Xinjiang, close to the borders of India and Pakistan, said the region’s official news website (www.tianshannet.com).

2011 December 28, Chris Buckley, Ben Blanchard, “Suspected kidnappers killed in China's restive west”, in Paul Tait, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-12-01, WORLD NEWS:

Radio Free Asia reported that Friday’s attack took place in Guma County, known as Pishan in Chinese. A man who answered the telephone at the Pishan County Public Security Bureau said he had no information about the attack, and a man at the Pishan County People’s Hospital said, “We’re not allowed to answer your question, sorry.”

2015 February 17, Michael Forsythe, “Suicide Bomber Kills Up to 8 in Xinjiang, Radio Free Asia Reports”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-02-19, Asia Pacific:

A county of Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


皮山

/pʰi³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰi³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Book of Han
Book of Wei
Records of the Three Kingdoms

First attested in the Book of Han as the name of a kingdom in the Western Regions. The name is transcribed as 皮穴 in the Records of the Three Kingdoms, and 蒲山 in the Book of Wei.

(historical) Pishan (an ancient kingdom in the Xinjiang autonomous region)

(～縣) Pishan, Guma (a county of Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


杜瓦

/tu⁵¹ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tu⁵¹ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Duwa (a town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


闊什塔格

ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄕˊ ㄊㄚˇ ㄍㄜˊ

ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄕˊ ㄊㄚˇ ㄍㄜˊ

/kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/

/kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Koxtag, Kuoshitage (a town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


木吉

/mu⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/mu⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Muji (a town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)

(～鄉) Muji (a township in Akto, Kizilsu, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～村) Muji (a village in Muji, Akto, Kizilsu, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


克里陽

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

Borrowed from Uyghur كىلىياڭ (kiliyang).

(～鄉) Kiliyang, Keliyang (a township in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


Koxtag

Non-official narratives of the incident offered a more nuanced picture of who integrated what the Chinese state media labelled a 'violent terrorist group', and how events unfolded in the township of Koxtag, in Guma County (Hotan Prefecture)

2020 February, Pablo A. Rodríguez-Merino, “The Not-So-Terrorist Conflict: Analytical Deception and Political Delusion in China’s Framing of Uyghur-related Violent Events”, in Numéro, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-03-18:

A town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township.


Sanju

As we were to cross this range by the pass leading into Sanju, we continued down the valley to Mazar Badshah Abubekr, 19 miles below Shadula, where the road to the Sanju Pass leaves the Karakash Valley, and ascends up a very confined ravine leading to the pass.

1870, G. W. Hayward, “Journey from Leh to Yarkand and Kashgar, and Exploration of the Sources of the Yarkand River”, in Journal of the Royal Geographic Society, volume 40, London: John Murray, →OCLC, page 67:

The Hakim of Guma visited the Mission as it passed through a portion of his district between Sanju and Kargalik. In a present of game sent by him we saw for the first time the "Shaw" pheasant, which to the ordinary eye looks exactly like our own home bird. We heard of ibex on the heights above Sanju, but were unable to go out after them.

1876, Thomas Edward Gordon, The Roof of the World, Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas, →OCLC, page 36:

But a police officer in Guma’s Chawda township acknowledged that authorities in Ayup’s nearby home township of Sanju had briefly detained him there at the end of last year.

2018 May 18, Shohret Hoshur, Joshua Lipes, “Popular Uyghur Singer’s Whereabouts Unknown, Believed Detained in Xinjiang Re-Education Camp”, in Mamatjan Juma, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-05-22:

The next day we started up toward the pass. The Sanju is a well-known bad pass. There was much bad ice, but for us get good luck over it, by kindly of snow.

1923, Ghulam Rassul Galwan, Aksakal of Leh, Servant of Sahibs, Cambridge, England: W. Heffer & Sons Ltd., →OCLC, page 265:

A mountain pass in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


康克爾

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鄉) Kangkir, Kangke'er (a Kyrgyz township in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Xaidulla

Borrowed from Uyghur شەيدۇللا (sheydulla), ultimately from Arabic شَهِيدُ اللّٰه (šahīdu allāh, literally “witness of God”).

der

شَهِيدُ اللّٰه

Thus, embittered and with his career in crisis, Johnson had spent the last season, 1864, rounding off his work in the north-eastern corner of Ladakh. In the process he had again beaten his own world altitude record by reaching a point 23,000 feet above sea level. He had also crossed the Karakoram pass and continued for three days towards Yarkand before turning back. At the time the Maharaja of Kashmir, without apparently consulting the British, had established an advance garrison well beyond the pass at a place called Shahidulla. This excursion of Johnson’s was therefore safe enough and though his survey work there was rather haphazard, he was not censured for crossing the frontier.

[1977, John Keay, Explorers of the Western Himalayas, 1820-1895, published 1996, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 202:

The next day we came to Xaidulla, a cluster of walled compounds, old buildings made of mud brick, new ones of concrete, a few bushes, but mostly a road stop filled with blue trucks driven by Uighurs from Kashgar and Urumqi.

1991, Jeremy Schmidt, Himalayan Passage, Seattle: The Mountaineers, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 119:

Mazar to Dahongliutan [256km] - From Mazar (3,790m) it takes around 9 hours by truck. At Xaidulla there is only a Daoban (Road Maintenance Depot). On the northern side of the river, the old-looking fortress is actually a relatively new structure built during the Kuomintang (Nationalists) Government period.

2000, Atsushi Kanamaru, editor, Mapping the Tibetan World, 1st edition, Kotan Publishing, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 158:

The road turns east and climbs over the Kirgizjangal Pass (kilometre marker 09; 4930m) to the large village of Xaidulla (Sài Túlā; kilometre marker 363; 3700m), the largest town en route.

2011, Bradley Mayhew, Michael Kohn, Daniel McCrohan, Tibet, 8th edition, Lonely Planet, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 355:

Ranbir also had possibly wanted to expand his territory into the fertile Shahidulla (Xaidulla) area of Sinkiang, located north-east of J&K beyond the Karakorams and accessed via the Shimshal Pass, ‘the Gateway to Hunza’.

2015, Christopher Snedden, Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris, Hurst & Company, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page https://archive.org/details/kashmir_20210703/Understanding%20Kashmir%20and%20Kashmiris%20-%20Christopher%20Snedden/page/n91/:

A town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


賽圖拉

/saɪ̯⁵¹ tʰu³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ tʰu³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Uyghur شەيدۇللا (sheydulla).

(～鎮) Xaidulla, Saitula (a town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Kiliyang

Zhao et al. (1998) discovered that lamprophyres occur at Kiliyang, Pishan County, on the SW margin of the Tarim Basin.

2003 March, He Huaiyu, Guo Zhengfu, Wang Songshan, Hao Jie, Liu Qiang, Ariel Boven, “⁴⁰Ar/³⁹ Ar Age and Geological Significance of Lamprophyres in Pishan on the SW Margin of the Tarim Terrane, NW China”, in Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), volume 77, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC:

The Kiliyang section in Pishan County is one of the most complete Meso-Cenozoic sections in the Kashi-Hotan depression, in which the deformation phenomenon is very typical.

2008 April, Cui Junwen, Li Pengwu, Guo Xianpu, Ding Xiaozhong, Tang Zhemin, “Basin- and Mountain-Building Dynamic Model of “Ramping-Detachment-Compression” in the West Kunlun-Southern Tarim Basin Margin”, in Acta Geologica Sinica, volume 82, number 2, →DOI, page 363:

Fig. 4-10 Diagram-matic section of Kiliyang, Pishan on the north slope of the west Kunlun Mountains[…]
Fig. 4-19 Single-grain fission-track ages of the samples from the Kiliyang section at Pishan County in the southern Tarim basin

2013, 李廷栋, 潘桂棠, 肖序常, 陈炳蔚, 青藏高原隆升的地质记录及机制, 广东科技出版社 [Guangdong Technology Publishing House], →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://books.google.com/books?id=LaYwEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT101&lpg=PT101:

A township in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

克里陽

township in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China


Pudong

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 浦東 /浦东 (Pǔdōng, literally “East Bank”), derived from its position east of the Huangpu River.

bor

Pootung (alternative)
P'u-tung (alternative)
Putung (alternative)

Where just 20 years ago there were rice paddies, now stands the new and ultramodern Pudong financial district and its imposing office towers. On Puxi, across the river, is the Bund, a collection of stately Art Deco buildings from the 1920s and '30s that call to mind old parts of New York or London.

2004 June 2, Alexandra A. Seno, “DOING BUSINESS : Shanghai seizes the gilded, glitzy day”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-02-10, Style:

Pudong is an important district of Shanghai. Over the past decade, it has made resounding achievements with its speedy economic development, which has in turn promoted the development of Shanghai as a whole and established its own position and image. Former Chinese leader Jiang Zemin praised Pudong as “an epitome of Shanghai’s modernization drive and a symbol of Chinas reform and opening-up.” As the Chief of Pudong New Area, I can proudly say that Pudong deserves such praise.

2007, Xuebing Zhang, “Foreword”, in Shanghai Pudong, →ISBN, →OCLC, page ix:

China will support the development of offshore yuan trading in Shanghai, and will explore yuan futures trading, as part of efforts to further reform and open up the city’s Pudong New Area, according to guidelines published on Thursday by China’s State Council, or cabinet.[...]
China will also help Pudong become a high-tech hub, with a focus on areas such as semiconductor, life science and artificial intelligence (AI).

2021 July 15, Samuel Shen, Emily Chow, “China to crack down on use of leanness enhancers in cattle and sheep”, in Alistair Bell, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-07-15:


Guma

He started by asking the elders and officials whether they knew of the discovery of any old books in the desert around Guma. Nobody had. Of the list of sites which Islam Akhun had included in his itinerary published by Hoernle, only two were known to them. As both lay close to Guma, Stein rode out to inspect them.

1984, Peter Hopkirk, Foreign Devils on the Silk Road, John Murray, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 77:

固瑪 /固玛

county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China; town in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China


固瑪

/ku⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ku⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Guma (a town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Pixna

Uygur farmer Burexi Eli holds her child in the arm outdoors in Pixna Township of Pishan County of Hotan Prefecture, northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 4, 2015. A 6.5-magnitude earthquake rocked Pishan County of Hotan Prefecture at 9:07 a.m. (0107GMT), with the epicenter recorded at 37.6 degrees north and 78.2 degrees east, according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC). Three people were killed and 71 others injured in the quake. Local government has erected 1,500 tents to accomodate^([sic]) residents affected by the earthquake.

2015 July 3, “Xinjiang earthquake kills 3, injures 71”, in ying, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2015-07-06:

The epicentre was between the Pishan County seat and the Pixna Township.
In Pixna Township, five temporary settlements have been erected for those who lost their homes in the quake.

2015 July 4, “4,000 aftershocks rattle China's earthquake-hit Xinjiang”, in The Economic Times, archived from the original on 2021-08-24:

A Muslim family gathers to celebrate the Eid al-Fitr in Bulakbexi Village of Pixna Township in Pishan County, northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 18, 2015.

2019 April 18, Abhishek G Bhaya, “China slams allegations of pursuing anti-Muslim policy”, in CGTN, archived from the original on 2019-06-17:


Kokterak

Borrowed from Uyghur كۆكتېرەك (köktërek).

The earthquake happened in China , Autonomous Region of Xinjiang (population 16,794,560) . The nearest places are Bexerik, Qaqkum, Azgan, Kokterak, Bora, Yecheng, Pishan, Guma, Sagan, Tou-pa-ko, and Koxtag.

2017, “M 4.5 in China on 20 Apr 2017 03:39 UTC”, in Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System:


Zangguy

/ˈzɑŋ.ɡuˌiː/

They sat on the small airfield at Zangguy, serviced and ready to fly.

2001, Ramon Harris, Allegro's Secret, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 262:


馬欄

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nuã²⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nuã²⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nuã¹³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nuã²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ nuã²³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nuã²⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nuã²⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nuã¹³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nuã²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ nuã²³/

(～鎮) Malan (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China)


安陵

/ˀän⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Anling (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China)


陳化店

ㄔㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄉㄧㄢˋ

ㄔㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄉㄧㄢˋ

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

(～鎮) Chenhuadian (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China)


望田

/wɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/wɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～鎮) Wangtian (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China)


南塢

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Nanwu (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China, formerly a township)


陶城

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Taocheng (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China, formerly a township)


彭店

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Pengdian (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China, formerly a township)


鄢陵

/jɛn⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

/jɛn⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Yanling (a county of Xuchang, Henan, China)


Yanling

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鄢陵 (Yānlíng).

Yenling (alternative)
Yen-ling (alternative)

As suggested by the Yenling County party committee and approved by the Honan party committee, the Hsuchang prefectural party committee decided to adopt disciplinary measures against (Peng Fang-hsin) and others. It also decided to expell (Chen Wen-chin) from the party and dismiss him from the post as deputy chief of the Yenling County Culture and Education Bureau.

[1978 February 22 [1978 February 18], “Honan CCP Committee Dismisses County First Secretary”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 36, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Chengchow Honan Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, Central-South Region, page H 1:

Six men in Yanling county, Henan province, who together caught almost 1,700 wild geckos, have each been fined 2,000 yuan (HK$2,500) for illegal hunting, Dahe Daily reports.

2014 December 22, Pinghui Zhuang, “Chinese men fined for catching almost 1,700 protected wild geckos in one night”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2014-12-23:

Christian worshipers pray during a Christmas service at a village church in Yanling county, Xuchang city, central China's Henan province, in a file photo.

2018 September 5, Yang Fan, Luisetta Mudie, “Protestant Churches in China's Henan Hit by Dawn Police Raids”, in Luisetta Mudie, transl., edited by Luisetta Mudie, Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-09-05:

A boy view^([sic – meaning views]) flowers at a flower expo park in Yanling County of Xuchang, central China's Henan Province, Oct. 3, 2018. To boost the rural economy, local authorities have promoted the industry of flowers and plants. The county's output value of flower and plant industry reached 7.1 billion yuan (1.03 billion U.S. dollars) in 2017.

2018 October 5, “Flower and plant industry boosts rural economy in China's Henan”, in Liangyu, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2018-09-05:


Xuchang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 許昌 /许昌 (Xǔchāng).

Hsuchang (alternative)
Hsu-ch'ang (alternative)
Hsü-ch'ang (alternative)

The following autumn Rev. Edwins, in company with Rev. Landahl of the Hauge Mission, fared forth on Chinese carts for central Honan, finally arriving, after many dangers and vicissitudes on the way, at Hsüchow (now Hsüchang) on the Peking-Hankow Railroad.

[1938 December, Gustav Carlberg, The Story of Our China Mission, Board of Foreign Missions of the Augustana Synod, →OCLC, page 6:

Chiang habitually failed to take the advice of competent strategists. One especially harmful display of this tendency came in 1948 when, against the advice of his staff and American advisers, he massed more than fifty divisions around Hsuchang to prevent Communist forces from dominating central China. The result was a complete disaster in which 550,000 Nationalist soldiers were lost, an estimated 325,000 as prisoners.

[2007, Brian Taylor, “Chiang Kai-shek and the Loss of China”, in Washington College International Studies Review, volume IV, page 72:

The police in the Henan city of Xuchang said on Monday that they were investigating a criminal gang headed by a man named Lu Yi whom they say may have used Henan New Fortune Group to amass control of the rural banks, and used fictitious loans to illegally transfer funds.

2022 July 11, Zixu Wang, Austin Ramzy, “Security Forces in China Attack Protesters Seeking Frozen Funds”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-07-11, Business:

A prefecture-level city of Henan, China.


Zhangqiao

/ˈd͡ʒɑŋ.t͡ʃɑʊ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 張橋／张桥 (Zhāngqiáo).

The group of seven had driven up to a village in Zhangqiao town in a minivan late one September night. There, they used home-made traps to catch the geckos, which they planned to sell. But they were caught and the 1,689 geckos that they caught were released back into the wild.

2014 December 22, Zhuang Pinghui, “Chinese men fined for catching almost 1,700 protected wild geckos in one night”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2014-12-23:

A town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China, formerly a township.


巴州

→ English: Bazhou

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Bazhou (a district of Bazhong, Sichuan, China)


Taocheng

From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 桃城 (Táochéng).

Hengshui City lies in the southeast of Hebei Province, between the east longitude 115°10’ ~ 116°34’ and the north latitude 37°03’ ~ 38°23’. It occupies 8,815 square kilometers with a population of 4.3 million. The Taocheng District where the municipal government is located is 250 kilometers away from the state capital Beijing to the north and 119 kilometers away from the provincial capital Shijiazhuang to the west.

2009, Li Zhanbing, “The City of Hengshui”, in Fu Yuhua, Florentin Smarandache, V. Christianto, editors, Cultural Advantages in China: Tale of Six Cities, InfoLearnQuest, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 39:

For examples, the irrigation price for farmers to pay in Taocheng District of Hengshui City is increased by 0.15 RMB/m³ (from 0.35 to 0.5 RMB/m³), and, at the same time, the government grants a subsidy of 0.05 RMB/m³.

2015, Yue Che, Zhaoyi Shang, “Water Pricing in Colombia: From Bankruptcy to Full Cost Recovery”, in Water Pricing Experiences and Innovations, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 106:

An official from Taocheng District Education Bureau of Hengshui, Hebei province in northern China, said they are investigating the Taocheng Middle School after a lengthy article by a student at the school went viral last week, news portal eastday.com reported.

2022 February 19, Alice Yan, “Chinese authorities investigate private boarding school after student blows whistle on alleged abuse, public shaming and excessive tests”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2022-02-19, Social Welfare:


Taocheng

From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 陶城 (Táochéng).


Ертіс

head

Ертіс • (Ertıs)

Irtysh (a river in China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and Russia)

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script
kk:Ертіс


Laskuy

Farmer Mettohti Imin, his teenage son Abdusalam Mettohti, and a family friend were taken into custody in late March after confronting “more than 100 police officers” who had come to seize land communally owned by Aktash village in Xinjiang’s Laskuy township^([sic – meaning town]), a resident told RFA’s Uyghur Service.

2013 April 12, Rukiye Turdush, Joshua Lipes., “Three Uyghurs Held for Resisting Land Takeover”, in Rukiye Turdush, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2015-09-08:

Earlier this year, authorities in the township^([sic – meaning town]) of Laskuy, Hotan County^([sic – meaning City]), issued an announcement in the town seat of Aktash Village that “all restaurants and supermarkets in our village should place five different brands of alcohol and cigarettes in their shops” and create “eye-catching displays” to promote the forbidden products. “[A]nybody who neglects this notice and fails to act” the notice warned, “will see their shops sealed off, their business suspended, and legal action pursued against them.”

2015 June 23, Ryan Kilpatrick, “Uyghur exiles blast pre-Ramadan ‘beer competition’ held by Communist Youth League”, in Hong Kong Free Press, archived from the original on 2015-07-03:

In April 2015, authorities in Aktash village, Laskuy township, Hotan county, Hotan prefecture, XUAR, ordered local shopkeepers to sell alcohol and cigarettes — the use of which many local Muslims considered a "sin" and "self-destructive," respectively¹¹⁷- as well as to display the alcohol and cigarettes prominently.¹¹⁸

2015 October 8, Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2015, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published 2015, →OCLC, page 126:

A town in Hotan City, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

拉斯奎

town in Hotan City, Hotan, Xinjiang, China


Baghchi

A 34-year-old from Hotan, arrested in Baghchi and deprived of political rights for 4 years

2006, China Rights Forum, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 12:

Imin Memtimin, 41, who has played an active role in police operations in Sadiqawat village of Baghchi township^([sic – meaning town]) in Hotan county, was kidnapped from his home on the morning of March 9.

2015 March 23, Roseanne Gerin, Shohret Hoshur, “Police Raids Yield No Clues About Kidnapped Uyghur Village Police Chief”, in Shohret Hoshur, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2015-03-24:

In 2019, a survey in three villages of Baghchi Town, Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture counted a total population of 5,307, with 1,699 people capable of work, of whom, 1,493, or 88 percent, were keen to work outside their home villages. Of the remainder, 180 preferred to work locally in township enterprises, village factories, or poverty-relief cooperatives offering an average monthly salary of RMB3,000; the other 26 wished to start businesses locally, engaging in transport and logistics, property management and household services, construction, hairdressing, catering or retail stores.

2020 September 17, “Full Text: Employment and Labor Rights in Xinjiang”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2020-09-20:

A survey in three villages of Baghchi Town, Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture counted a total population of 5307 and a labor force of 1,699, among which 1,493 are willing to work outside voluntarily, accounting for 88 percent of the total labor force.

2021 December 14, “The So Called “Forced Labor” Constitutes a Shameless Slander”, in Sayyara, editor, Tianshannet, archived from the original on 2022-02-20:

A town in Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

巴格其

town in Hotan County, Hotan, Xinjiang, China


巴格其

/pä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

(～鎮) Baghchi, Bageqi (a town in Hotan County, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


沅陵

/ɥɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ lɪŋ²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ lɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Yuanling (a county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)

(～鎮) Yuanling (a town, the county seat of Yuanling County, Huaihua, Hunan, China)


筲箕灣

desc

→ English: Shau Kei Wan, Shaukiwan, Shaojiwan

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/sɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³³ ue²¹/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/sɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³³ ue²¹/

(～鎮) Shaojiwan (a town in Yuanling, Huaihua, Hunan, China)


電視新村

ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄕˋ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄘㄨㄣ

ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄕˋ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄘㄨㄣ

Дяньши Синьцунь

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～社區) Dianshi Xincun (a residential community in Qiemo, Qiemo, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Үрімжі

kk-proper noun

Үрімжі • (Ürımjı)

Possibly derived from the Oirat form of Mongolian ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ (ülemǰi, “great”), which is short for ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ
ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ
ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ (ülemǰi-yin sayiqan belčiger, “great pasture”).

Ürümqi (a prefecture-level city, the capital of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script
kk:Үрімжі


On̄kon̄

[wɔŋʷ kʷɔŋʷ]

Borrowed from English Hong Kong, from Cantonese 香港 (hoeng1 gong2, “Fragrant Harbor”).

Hong Kong (a city, island, and special administrative region in southeastern China)


Kaiping

A 24-year-old young man from Kaiping, Kwangtung was nearly drowned while swimming to Hongkong with his 23-year-old cousin last March 25.

1973 April 29, “More refugees from the mainland”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 16, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

The deal greatly strengthens Westfall’s geographic footprint by adding its first plants in the southeastern United States, specifically in Mocksville and Asheboro, NC, as well in Kaiping, China, in Guangdong Province.

2021 July 2, “Westfall Technik Acquires Multi-Site Consumer Packaging Molder CPP Global; Expands into North Carolina and China”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-18:

A county-level city of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China.


Chikan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 赤坎 (Chìkǎn).

Close to 4,000 households are being forced out of a centuries-old town on the western edge of the Pearl River Delta by their local government, which has teamed up with an investment firm to turn it into a tourist attraction.
It’s not what the residents of Chikan’s old town expected when the nearby Kaiping diaolous – fortified, multi-storey dwellings – were put on the World Heritage List by Unesco in 2007.

2017 August 28, He Huifeng, “Families who’ve lived in old Chinese town for generations being kicked out to make way for tourists”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-08-28, China:

A town in Kaiping, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China.


Enping

Kwangchow to Enping
It was an early spring morning in 1968 when we left Canton city and, cutting across the Pearl river delta, went west to visit the county town of Enping.

1973, Rewi Alley, 中国见闻 [Travels in China, 1966-71], Peking: New World Press, →OCLC, page 335:

In fact, the Miss China contest nearly did not happen, after officials in the southern city of Enping raided the auditorium.[…]
To comply, he scheduled the Miss China pageant in the obscure city of Enping in Guangdong Province, without much publicity.

2002 July 16, Elisabeth Rosenthal, “Beijing Journal; Here She Comes! (Will China Ever Be the Same?)”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27, World:

A county-level city and former county of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China.


Heshan

zh-l

鶴山／鹤山 (Hèshān)

Local authorities in a southern Chinese city abandoned a plan to build a uranium-processing plant one day after hundreds of local residents protested against it because of safety concerns. The $6 billion project, proposed for the city of Heshan in Guangdong province, was part of national efforts to reduce China’s reliance on coal and boost the use of clean energy.

2013 July 13, “World Digest: July 13, 2013”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-07-01, World:

A town and former township in Ningyang, Tai'an, Shandong, China.


Nanhai

Nam Hoi (alternative dated)
Namhoi (alternative dated)
Nan-hai (alternative)

A big poster recently appeared in Nanhai County of Kwangtung Province condemning the unpardonable crimes committed by Mao Tse-tung during his notorious lifetime, according to an intelligence source from behind the Iron Curtain.
Entitled "Our debt of blood must be repaid in kind by pro-Mao reptiles," the poster was put on a "revolutionary martyrs' shrine" at Tali Park in Nanhai County on May 16.

1980 July 6, “Poster attack”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXI, number 26, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

The Nanhai district of the Guangdong provincial city of Foshan in the GBA has ordered those Evergrande projects that are still under construction to be taken off the list as approved collaterals for mortgages and other loans.

2021 October 4, Iris Ouyang, “China’s local authorities take a hard look at Evergrande’s projects to ring fence any collapse from hurting their jurisdictions”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-10-04, Business:

A district of Foshan, Guangdong, China; a former county of Guangdong, China.

A town in Songzi, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.

Grouped around Chung Hai (Middle lake) and Nan Hai (South lake), just west of the Palace museum, are the government buildings of the Chinese Communist regime.

[1968, “PEKING (PEIPING)”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 17, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 533, column 1:

A lake in Zhongnanhai, Xicheng district, Beijing, China.


臨桂

→ Zhuang: Linzgvei

/lɐm²¹ kʷɐi̯³³/

/lɐm²¹ kʷɐi̯³³/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Lingui (a district and former county of Guilin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


Linzgvei

臨桂／临桂 (Línguì)


Fuzsanh

Foshan (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


喀勒塔吐格曼

ㄎㄚ ㄌㄜˋ ㄊㄚˇ ㄊㄨˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄢˋ

ㄎㄚ ㄌㄜˋ ㄊㄚˇ ㄊㄨˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄢˋ

Калэтатугэмань

/kʰä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ män⁵¹/

/kʰä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ män⁵¹/

Borrowed from Uyghur كالتەتۈگمەن (kaltetügmen).

(～村) Kaltetügmen, Kaletatugeman (a village in Jiya, Hotan City, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


蘭干

/län³⁵ kän⁵⁵/

/län³⁵ kän⁵⁵/

(～村) Lengger, Langan (a village in Sampul, Lop, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


浦東

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu³³ toŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu³³ toŋ⁴⁴/

From its position east of the Huangpu River (黃浦江/黄浦江).

(～新區) Pudong (a subprovincial district and state-level new area in Shanghai, China)


麻扎塔格

ㄇㄚˊ ㄓㄚ ㄊㄚˇ ㄍㄜˊ

ㄇㄚˊ ㄓㄚ ㄊㄚˇ ㄍㄜˊ

/mä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/

/mä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/

Borrowed from Uyghur مازارتاغ (mazartagh).

(～山) Mazartag (a mountain in Karakax, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


闊其坎

ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄑㄧˊ ㄎㄢˇ

ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄑㄧˊ ㄎㄢˇ

/kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

In order to completely transform the appearance of the village and improve the living environment of the masses, a working team of the Ministry of Education of Hotan Prefecture based in Köchken Village, Sampul Town, Lop County actively organized the villagers to carry out a total renovation of the village's appearance, taking the first step in establishing a new agricultural village.

29 March 2019, 美丽乡村建设 阔其坎在行动, 周新艳 崔来九 China News Service

Wèi chèdǐ gǎibiàn cūn cūnróng cūnmào, gǎishàn qúnzhòng jūzhù huánjìng, Hétián Dìqū Jiàoyù Jú zhù Luòpǔ Xiàn Shānpǔlǔ Zhèn Kuòqíkǎn Cūn gōngzuòduì jījí zǔzhī cūnmín duì cūnróng cūnmào jìnxíng quánmiàn zhěngzhì, kuàchū jiànshè xīn nóngcūn de dìyī bù.

為徹底改變村村容村貌，改善群眾居住環境，和田地區教育局駐洛浦縣山普鲁鎮闊其坎村工作隊積極組織村民對村容村貌進行全面整治，跨出建設新农村的第一步。

为彻底改变村村容村貌，改善群众居住环境，和田地区教育局驻洛浦县山普鲁镇阔其坎村工作队积极组织村民对村容村貌进行全面整治，跨出建设新农村的第一步。

(～村) Köchken, Kuoqikan (a village in Sampul, Lop, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Guliya

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 古里雅 (Gǔlǐyǎ).

On the Guliya glacier in the western Kunlun, they hand-drilled three cores, including one from the twenty-two-thousand-foot summit that was the highest ever retrieved at the time.

2005, Mark Bowen, Thin Ice: Unlocking the Secrets of Climate in the World's Highest Mountains, New York: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 212:

The area of the Guliya Ice Cap is more than 300 km² and the area at the top is more than 100 km². According to the debris at the terminal end of the glacier, the ice cap is stable. There is no abrupt change in ice layers from the top to the bottom. Thus, the features of the Guliya Ice Cap satisfy the assumptions made for our calculations.

2006, L. DeWayne Cecil, Jaromy R. Green, Lonnie G. Thompson, editors, Earth Paleoenvironments: Records Preserved in Mid- and Low-Latitude Glaciers, volume 9, Kluwer Academic Publishers, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 167:

Guliya Glacier is located in Tibet’s western Kunlun Mountains, one of Earth’s largest supplies of freshwater ice outside of the Arctic and Antarctica.

2017 December 23, Eleanor Imster, Deborah Byrd, “Scientists explain insights from ancient Tibetan ice core”, in Earth & Sky, archived from the original on 2020-02-28:

In 1992, an American-Chinese expedition successfully recovered a 308.6-meter ice core (see drill in photograph) from the Guliya ice cap (35°17'N, 81°29'E; summit 6710 m a.s.l.) in the far western Kunlun Shan on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China (see map). Guliya resembles a "polar" ice cap, is surrounded by vertical 30 to 40 meter ice walls (see photographs) and has internal temperatures of -15.6°, -5.9°, and -2.1°C at 10m, 200m and the base, respectively.

a. 2020, “Guliya Ice Cap, China”, in Ohio State University, archived from the original on 2020-01-26:

In 2015, when researchers embarked on an expedition to retrieve the oldest ice on the planet, they were doing it to look for clues about past climate. But during the journey—to the Guliya ice cap in China’s Tibet (above)—they also found 15,000-year-old viruses—some of them new to science, Vice reports.

2020 January 17, Rodrigo Pérez Ortega, “Ancient viruses found in Tibetan glacier”, in Science, archived from the original on 2020-08-21:

A team of U.S. researchers has found ancient viruses and bacteria in ice from two cores drilled on the summit and plateau of the Guliya ice cap in northwestern Tibetan Plateau, China.

2020 January 31, Natali Anderson, “15,000-Year-Old Viruses and Bacteria Found in Glacier Ice from Tibet”, in Sci-News.com, archived from the original on 2020-02-27:

A team including climate scientists and microbiologists from Ohio State University took two ice cores from the summit of the Guliya ice cap, at 22,000 feet above sea level, in western China in 2015.

2021 July 23, Jack Guy, “Ancient viruses dating back 15,000 years found in Tibetan glacier”, in CNN, archived from the original on 2021-07-24:

An ice cap in Rutog County, Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China, 35°17'N, 81°29'E


川北

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵/

a geographic region comprising northern Sichuan, usually including Nanchong, Guangyuan, Suining, Dazhou, and Bazhong


阿城

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/aː³³ sɪŋ²¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/aː³³ sɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Acheng (a district of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)


塘沽

→ English: T'ang-ku, Tanggu, Tangku

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ ku⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ kuː⁵⁵/

/dɑ̃²² ku⁴⁴/

/dɑ̃²² kəu³³/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ ku⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ kuː⁵⁵/

/dɑ̃²² ku⁴⁴/

/dɑ̃²² kəu³³/

塘沽協定

塘沽协定

(～街道, formerly ～區) Tanggu (a subdistrict of Binhai district, Tianjin, China; a former district of Tianjin, China)


嘉蔭

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

(～縣) Jiayin (a county of Yichun, Heilongjiang, China)


呼瑪

/xu⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/xu⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː⁵⁵ maː¹³/

(～縣) Huma (a county of Daxing'anling prefecture, Heilongjiang, China)


呼蘭

Perhaps from Manchu ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠨ (hūlan, “chimney”).

(～區, formerly ～縣) Hulan (a district and former county of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)


黑瞎子島

ㄏㄟ ㄒㄧㄚ ㄗˇ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄏㄟ ㄒㄧㄚ ㄗˇ ㄉㄠˇ

Хэйсяцзы Дао

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ hɐt̚² t͡siː³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ hɐt̚² t͡siː³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island
Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island#English

Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island, Heixiazi Island (an island at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri rivers divided between Heixiazidao, Fuyuan, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China and Khabarovsky district, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia)


ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ

Shenyang (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Liaoning, China)


Uzbel

After having travelled along the Ala-Baital defile, and followed the course of the Uzbel-Su, the party reached the Uzbel Pass, which separates the basin of the Kara-Kul from that of the Sary-Kol and Tarun-Gol.[...]The late M. Fedchenko disputed the existence of a meridional range on the east side of the Pamir, saying that Hayward had simply taken the abrupt side of the Pamir for a transverse mountain-range. Captain Kostenko, on the other hand, was impressed with its grandeur. It lies about 53 miles from the Uzbel Pass, and beyond it lies Kashghar, 40 miles further.[...]Through lack of provisions, Captain Kostenko was unable to push on to the Sary-Kol and compelled to return by the Uzbel Pass and the little Chon-Su defile. On emerging from thence, one comes upon a point where three roads converge—one to Badakhshan, one to Kokand (over the Kizyl-Yart), and the other to Kash- ghar (over the Uzbel Pass). The main force of the Alai column was rejoined at Archa-bulak, at the southern base of the Alai range. The whole distance marched by Captain Kostenko’s force, from the mouth of the Kizyl-Yart defile to the Uzbel Pass, was 90 miles.

1877 February 1, Robert Michell, “THE RUSSIAN EXPEDITION TO THE ALAI AND PAMIR IN 1876”, in The Geographical Magazine, volume 4, →OCLC, page 49:

In 1876 Kostenko, from the Uzbel Pass, observed a great peak in this direction, the name of which was given to him as Mustagh Ata, i.e. Father of Ice Mountains.

1896, George N. Curzon, The Pamirs and the Source of the Oxus, →OCLC, →OL, page 51:

If we open up the Atlas of the People's Republic of China we will find that the region of the Pamir, the western extremity of Xinjiang, from the Wuzibieli [Uzbel] Pass¹ to the south down to the Kekelaqukaole Peak (which the Soviet Russians call "Pavel Shveikovsky Peak") is designated as a not limited area. However, on the present-day Soviet Russian maps that area is shown as delimited, i.e., provided with a formal state boundary.

1982 November 18 [1982 July 25], Liu Cunkuan [0491 1317 1401], “The Historical Background of the Pamir Dispute Between China and the USSR”, in China Report: Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, number 363, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

After the resolution of the Tajik civil war, China and Tajikistan began to hold talks over disputed sectors. In October 1997, a week of talks at the vice-foreign ministerial level over the territorial dispute achieved “tangible progress” and reached an agreement over the two smaller disputes. The Markansu Valley was divided evenly while China dropped its claim to the Uzbel Pass (map 2.5).

2008, M. Taylor Fravel, “Frontier Disputes in the 1990s”, in Strong Borders, Secure Nation: Cooperation and Conflict in China's Territorial Disputes (Princeton Studies in International History and Politics), Princeton University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 165:

A mountain pass on the border between Akto, Kizilsu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China and Murghob district, Gorno-Badakhshan autonomous region, Tajikistan.

烏孜別里 /乌孜别里

mountain pass on the China-Tajikistan border


ᠨᡳᠩᡤᡠᡨᠠ

寧古塔／宁古塔 (Nínggǔtǎ)

→ Chinese: 寧古塔／宁古塔 (Nínggǔtǎ)

→ English: Ningguta

→ Russian: Нингута (Ninguta)

desc

Нюлгуцкой город

→ Russian: Нюлгуцкой город (Njulguckoj gorod)

(historical) Ningguta, a region of the Qing dynasty


輝發河

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ faːt̚³ hɔː²¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ faːt̚³ hɔː²¹/

Huifa River (a river in northeast China)


Bwzswz

Borrowed from Mandarin 百色 (Bǎisè), from Zhuang Baksaek.

Baise (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


ᡳᠴᡝ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ

[i.t͡ʃʰə.t͡ʃə.t͡ʃʰən]

ᡳᠴᡝ (ice, “new”) + ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ (jecen, “border; frontier”), literally “new frontier”. Compare semantically Chinese 新疆 (Xīnjiāng).

com

Provinces – ᡤᠣᠯᠣ: ᠠᠨᡥᡡᡳ · ᡶᡠᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ · ᡤᡠᠸᠠᠩᡩᡠᠩ · ᡤᠠᠨᠰᡠ · ᡤᡠᡳᠵᡝᠣ · ᡥᠣᠨᠠᠨ · ᡥᡡᠪᡝ · ᡥᠣᠪᡝ · ᡥᠠᡳᠨᠠᠨ · ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨᡠᠯᠠ · ᡥᡡᠨᠠᠨ · ᡤᡳᡵᡳᠨ · ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩᠰᡠ · ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩᠰᡳ · ᠯᡳᠶᠣᡠᠨᡳᠩ · ᡥᡠᡥᡠᠨᠣᠣᡵ · ᠰᠶᠴᡠᠸᠠᠨ · ᡧᠠᠨᡩᡠᠩ · ᡧᠠᠨᠰᡳ · ᠰᠠᠨᠰᡳ · ᡨᠠᡳᠸᠠᠨ · ᠶᡡᠨᠨᠠᠨ · ᠵᡝᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩ

Autonomous regions – ᠪᡝᠶᡝᡩᠠᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠᡤᠣᠯᠣ: ᡤᡠᠸᠠᠩᠰᡳ · ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ · ᠨᡳᠩᡥᡳᠠ · ᠸᠠᡵᡤᡳᡩᡯᠠᠩ · ᡳᠴᡝᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ

Municipalities – ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ: ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ · ᡨᡳᠶᠠᠨᠵᡳᠨ · ᡧᠠᠩᡥᠠᡳ · ᠴᡠᠩᡴᡳᠩ

(historical) Xinjiang (a former province of China)

Xinjiang (a Uyghur autonomous region of China, located in the sparsely populated northwest)


澤國

/t͡sɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡saːk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡sɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡saːk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

(～鎮) Zeguo (a town in Wenling, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China)


Ուհան

head

Ուհան • (Uhan)

hy-proper noun

Ուհան • (Uhan)

Uhan (romanization)
Ուհան (nominative singular singular-only)
Ուհանի (dative singular singular-only)
Ուհանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Ուհանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Ուհանում (locative singular singular-only)
Ուհանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ուհանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ուհանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Ուհանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Ուհանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ուհանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ուհանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Ուհանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Ուհանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ուհանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ուհանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ուհանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ուհանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ուխան (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Ուհանը / Ուհանն

Ուհանները / Ուհաններն

Ուհաններումս

Ուհաններումդ

Wuhan (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Hubei, China)


慶安

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/hɪŋ³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/hɪŋ³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Qing'an (a county of Suihua, Heilongjiang, China)


夏河

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/haː²² hɔː²¹/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/haː²² hɔː²¹/

Named in 1928 after the river 大夏河 that flows through the city.

(～縣) Xiahe (a county of Gannan prefecture, Gansu, China)


靈臺

/liŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/liŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

(～縣) Lingtai (a county of Pingliang, Gansu, China)


Taxkorgan

Borrowed from Uyghur تاشقورغان (tashqorghan).

The archeological office of the Sinkiang Uighur Autonomous Region museum discovered a large number of ancient tombs in Tashihkuerhkan Tadzhik Autonomous County.

[1977 November 25 [1977 November 20], “Sinkiang Archeological Find Refutes Soviet Distortion of History”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 227, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Urumchi Sinkiang Regional Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, page M 2:

The wind had smoothed its sand over the nearby mountains, turning them to ghosts. And beyond the snow-mass of Muztagata we entered the valley of Taxkorgan, the last town in the west.

1990, Great Journeys, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 35:

Totaling 33,000, the Tajik nationality is mostly concentrated in the Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County, east of the Pamirs in southwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The rest are scattered in a few counties south of the Tianshan Mountains within the same autonomous region.

1993, “TAJIK NATIONALITY”, in 曾庆南 [Zeng Qingnan], 张纬雯 [Zhang Weiwen], editors, 中国少数民族风情录 [In Search of China's Minorities], Beijing: New World Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 108:

Tash Qurghan is an autonomous county for the Tajik, therefore the majority of the population is Tajik.

[2003, Ma Rong, “Population Distribution and Relations Among Ethnic Groups in the Kashgar Region, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region”, in China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies, East Gate Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 114:

The China Earthquake Administration (CEA) said the quake occurred in the remote Taxkorgan County area of Kashgar Prefecture at a depth of 8 km (5 miles). Xinhua said in a microblog post 11 people were also injured.

2017 May 10, Adam Jourdan, “Eight killed when magnitude 5.5 earthquake hits China's northwest”, in Paul Tait, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-05-11, Environment:

A Tajik autonomous county in Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

塔什庫爾干 /塔什库尔干

autonomous county in Kashgar, Xinjiang, China; a town in Taxkorgan, Kashgar, Xinjiang, China

A town in Taxkorgan, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


賓陽

/pin⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/pin⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Binyang (a county of Nanning, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


田東

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Tiandong (a county of Baise, Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(～村) Tiandong (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


田陽

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Tianyang (a district and former county of Baise, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


容縣

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jʊŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jʊŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

Rong County (a county of Yulin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


花縣

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/faː⁵⁵ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/faː⁵⁵ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

(historical) Hua County, Huaxian (a former county of Guangdong, China; now Huadu)


蒼梧

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ u³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋ̍²¹/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ u³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋ̍²¹/

(～縣) Cangwu (a county of Wuzhou, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


靖西

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Jingxi (a county-level city of Baise, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


石岐

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² kʰei̯²¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² kʰei̯²¹/

(～街道) Shiqi (a subdistrict of Zhongshan, Guangdong, China)


藤縣

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tʰɐŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tʰɐŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

Teng County (a county of Wuzhou, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


合浦

/xɤ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐp̚² pʰou̯³⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐp̚² pʰou̯³⁵/

Officially, with the establishment of 合浦郡 (“Hepu commandery”) in 111 BCE.

(～縣) Hepu (a county of Beihai, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


橫縣

/xɤŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/waːŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/waːŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

Heng County (a county of Nanning, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


德保

/tɤ³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɤ³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～縣) Debao (a county of Baise, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


小日

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹/

(～島) Xiaori Island (an island of Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)

(～村) Xiaori (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


蕭山

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～區) Xiaoshan (a district of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)


巴塘

/pä⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/pä⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan འབའ་ཐང ('ba' thang).

(～縣) Batang (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


瀘定

/lou̯²¹ tɪŋ²²/

/lou̯²¹ tɪŋ²²/

(～縣) Luding (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


馬爾康

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ jiː¹³ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ jiː¹³ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Barkam (a county-level city, a former county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China)


永嘉

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ kaː⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ka³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ kaː⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ka³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴/

(～縣) Yongjia (a county of Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China)


上思

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² siː⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² siː⁵⁵/

(～縣) Shangsi (a county of Fangchenggang, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


麥蓋提

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/mɐk̚² kɔːi̯³³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/mɐk̚² kɔːi̯³³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

(～縣) Makit, Maigaiti (a county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


央塔克

/jɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/jɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

(～鄉) Yantak, Yangtake (a township in Makit, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


吐曼塔勒

ㄊㄨˇ ㄇㄢˋ ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄜˋ

ㄊㄨˇ ㄇㄢˋ ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄜˋ

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ män⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ män⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹/

(～鄉) Tümantal, Tumantale (a township in Makit, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


平南

/pʰiŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

(～縣) Pingnan (a county of Guigang, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


陸川

/lu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Luchuan (a county of Yulin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


우한

Wuhan (the provincial capital of Hubei, China)

Koreans in China
Xinhai Revolution
ko:우한


Makit

Markit (alternative)
Marqat (alternative)
Mekit (alternative)
Merket (alternative)

Ecstatic traditional music and dance of the Dolan people from Makit County, Xinjiang. The Dolan musicians will not only treat the audience to Dolan muqam and Dolan folk songs, but also jam with guest musician Mamer in a ground-breaking session that will explore the traditional-improvised music of Xinjiang.

2006 November 10, “The Soul of Dolan”, in Beijing Today, number 284, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 24, column 3:

The residential zone in the seat of Kashgar’s Makit (in Chinese, Maigaiti) county permits detainees to live with their families, but otherwise differs little from the camps where authorities are believed to have held 1.8 million people since April 2017, a source in the region told RFA.

2020 August 4, Shohret Hoshur, Joshua Lipes, “Xinjiang Authorities Relocate Camp Detainees to Restricted-Access ‘Residential Area’”, in Mamatjan Juma, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2020-08-05:

A county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

A town in Makit, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


南日

/nän³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾niʔ⁴/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾niʔ⁴/

/nän³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾niʔ⁴/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾niʔ⁴/

(～鎮) Nanri (a town in Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)

(～島) Nanri Island (an island of Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


雲萬

(～村) Yunwan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


山初

/ʂän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

(～村) Shanchu (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


萬峰

/wän⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/wän⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Wanfeng (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


三墩

/sän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～村) Sandun (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


西高

/ɕi⁵⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～村) Xigao (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


東岱

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(～鎮) Dongdai (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)

(～村) Dongdai (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


鰲嶼

/ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～村) Aoyu (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


赤山

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Chishan (a town in Shangli, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China)

(～村) Chishan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


Xiuyu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 秀嶼 /秀屿 (Xiùyǔ).

Since we mainly rely on shipping grain into southern Fujian by sea, we could construct modern docks and warehouses for grain at the ports of Xiamen, Jinzhou, Xiaocuo, and Putian Xiuyu, and organize a special shipping brigade to transport grain in, and to ship out cane sugar, fruits, aquatic products, and special local products.

1987 February 3 [1986 July 5], Wang Zhiqin [3769 1807 0530] [王志勤], Wang Yang [3769 0111] [王仰], “The Crux of the Grain Problem in Fujian and How To Deal With It”, in China Report Economic Affairs, number 007, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Fuzhou FUJIAN LUNTAN [FUJIAN FORUM], No 7 pp 43–45 [福建论坛], translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, page 87:

Located at Xiuyu, Putian, to the north of Meizhou Bay, the designed capacity for Phase 1 is 2.6Mt pa, with two LNG tanks each with a capacity of 145 000m².

2007, The Journal of Offshore Technology, volume 15, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2:

At least 37 people died in the blaze at the Feida workshop in Putian's Xiuyu district, which broke out at 9.50pm on Sunday, and 19 others were seriously injured, Xinhua reported.

2007 October 24, Raymond Li, “Dozens still missing in Fujian shoe factory fire”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2023-06-07:

The Wuchiu (Wuqiu) Islands are nominally administered in the PRC by the Xiuyu District of the Putian prefecture, but are in reality controlled by the Republic of China, which administers Wuchiu (Wuqiu) as part of Quemoy (Jinmen) County.

2013, Rongxing Guo, Regional China: A Business and Economic Handbook, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 44:

Sun Village now belongs to Wusheng Administrative Village (武盛村) in Daitou Township (埭头镇) of Xiuyu District (秀屿区).

2017, 吴重庆 [Wu Chongqing], “Preface”, in 孙村的路：后革命时代的人鬼神 [The Path to Sun Village: Gods, Ghosts, and People in a Post-Revolutionary Society], →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page XI:

The magazine Bitter Winter reports the government's religious affairs department of Putian spent around $75,000 last month to turn the first floor of the Three-Self Church located in the Xiuyu district's Daitou town into a publicity center to promote the Communist Party and its leaders.

2020 November 23, “Chinese Government Tells Churches to Worship the Communist Party or be Closed”, in Christian Broadcasting Network, archived from the original on 2020-11-23:


Nanri

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 南日 (Nánrì).

Nan-jih (alternative)
Nanjih (alternative)

A U.S. warship twice intruded into China's territorial waters south of Tsungwu and Nanjih Island in Fukien Province between 1733 and 2110 hours yesterday and between 2309 hours yesterday and 0431 hours today.

[1964 October 16 [1964 October 15], “Foreign Ministry Issues 330th Serious Warning”, in Daily Report: Foreign Radio Broadcasts, number 203, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA International Service, →OCLC, Communist China: International Affairs, page BBB 16:

Among them, the raid against Nanjih and Tungshan were the largest in size and the lessons and experiences gained the greatest.[…]
4,500 Government troops sailed successively from Kinmen for Nanjih on 10 Oct., 1952. Due to heavy sea, the ships were not moored until 0630, 11 October.

[1971, “Armed Forces Reorganization and National Recovery”, in Wen Ha-hsiung, transl., A Brief History of the Chinese National Revolutionary Forces, 2nd edition, Taipei: Chung Wu Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 265:

The Nationalists also carried out guerrilla raids against Communist-held islands. For example, on 11 October 1952 five thousand Nationalist regulars and guerrillas raided Nanri Island, off the southern coast of Fujian.

1982, Bruce Swanson, Eighth Voyage of the Dragon: A History of China's Quest for Seapower, Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 186:

Fishermen carry a sedan chair and rush to the sea at Nanri Island in Putian, southeast China's Fujian Province, Feb. 22, 2019. This traditional custom named "Chonghai" represents the wishes about the safety of fishermen on the sea and a good harvest in fishing.

2019 February 26, “Traditional custom "Chonghai" of Nanri Island in SE China's Fujian”, in China Internet Information Center, archived from the original on 2019-04-28:

A town in Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China.


鐵門關

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄇㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄢ

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄇㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄢ

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰiːt̚³ muːn²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰiːt̚³ muːn²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Tiemanguan (a county-level city of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


山海關

Шаньхайгуань

/ʂän⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Shanhaiguan (a district of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China)


元陽

/ɥɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Yuanyang (a county of Honghe prefecture, Yunnan, China)


常平

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～鎮) Changping (a town in Dongguan, Guangdong, China)


白馬井

ㄅㄞˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄥˇ

ㄅㄞˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄥˇ

/paɪ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːk̚² maː¹³ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːk̚² maː¹³ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Baimajing (a town in Danzhou, Hainan, China)


宮東

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Gongdong (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


北礵

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Beishuang (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)

(～島) Beishuang (an island of Beishuang, Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


里澳

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(～村) Li'ao (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


文澳

/wən³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/wən³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(～村) Wen'ao (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


文水

/wən³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/wən³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

(～縣) Wenshui (a county of Lüliang, Shanxi, China)


ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩᠰᡠ

Jiangsu (a province of China, northeast of the mouth of the Yangtze River)


ᡷᠶᠯᡳ

(historical) Zhili (a province in northern China; modern Hebei)


Haidao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 海島／海岛 (Hǎidǎo, literally “islands in the sea”).

zh-l

In particular, one incident occurred at around 1100 (local time) on 27th May involving Zhexiangyu 3396 and 3398, two iron-clad trawlers of Gongdong village under Haidao township of Xiapu county.

1996, Summary of World Broadcasts: Asia, Pacific, numbers 2665-2678, British Broadcasting Corporation, →OCLC, page 3:

The villages of Tailu, Beijiao, and Xiubang in the Tailu township in Lienchiang county and Kungtung, Kunghsi, Yantai, and Wenwo in Haidao township in Xiapu county in Fujian Province were randomly selected for this cross-sectional investigation, which took place from July, 2011 to November, 2011.[...]
Inclusion criteria were voluntary participants aged 30 years or more living in Tailu and Haidao townships for more than 5 years.

2014, Pengli Zhu, Feng Huang, Fan Lin, Qiaowei Li, Yin Yuan, Zhonghai Gao, Falin Chen, “The Relationship of Retinal Vessel Diameters and Fractal Dimensions with Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors”, in PLOS One, volume 9, number 9, →DOI, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-06-29, page 2, column 1:

Inhabitants of four villages in Haidao, Xiapu County, and three villages of Tailu, Lianjiang County, in Fujian Province, China, were included in this cross-sectional study, between July and November 2011.

2018, Zhu Pengli, Yuan Yin, Huang Feng, Huang Qiuxia, Li Qiaowei, “A9461 Associations between gene polymorphisms of the apelin–APJ system and the risk of hypertension”, in Journal of Hypertension, →DOI:

An insular township of Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China.


Xiapu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 霞浦 (Xiápǔ).

Siapu (alternative)
Hsia-p'u (alternative)
Hsiapu (alternative)

Mr. Hubbard refers to the growth among the Christians at Sharp Peak. Three were received to the Hapuo church on May 12, and the chapel is opened every evening for preaching.

[1889 August, “Foochow Mission. THE RELIGIOUS AWAKENING.”, in The Missionary Herald, volume LXXXV, number VIII, →OCLC, page 329:

In order to receive the Taiwan fishermen compatriots, the Fujian Provincial Revolutionary Committee in early 1978 formally established these reception stations at the four fishing ports of Sansha in Xiapu [Hsiapu],[...]The Sansha reception station in Xiapu received 12 Taiwan fishing boats in 1978 and everytime^([sic]) helped repair the boats and engines, provided fuel and drinking water and purchased grain, meat, vegetables and other foods before they departed.

1979, Daily Report: People's Republic of China, numbers 12-22, →ISSN, →OCLC:

Tropical Storm Kalmaegi slammed into China’s southeastern coast on Friday, after killing six people in neighbouring Taiwan.
The weakening storm made landfall in Xiapu county in Fujian province at 6:10 p.m. (1010 GMT), bringing winds of up to 90 kph the official Xinhua news agency said.

2008 July 18, “Weakened typhoon hits China after 6 die in Taiwan”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-04-07:

2018, Zhu Pengli, Yuan Yin, Huang Feng, Huang Qiuxia, Li Qiaowei, “A9461 Associations between gene polymorphisms of the apelin–APJ system and the risk of hypertension”, in Journal of Hypertension, →ISSN, →OCLC:

On July 15, they set sail for Fuzhou. However, they were struck by a storm on July 18 and floated to Sansha, Xiapu County in Fujian Province. There they got the help of local officials.

2019, Jiangyong Liu, The Diaoyu Islands: Facts and Legality, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 378:


ᡥᡡᠪᡝ

head

ᡥᡡᠪᡝ • (hūbe)


ᡥᡡᠨᠠᠨ

ᡥᡡᠨᠠᠨ • (hūnan)

Hunan (a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting)


ᡥᡠᡥᡠ ᠨᠣᠣᡵ

Compound of ᡥᡠᡥᡠ (huhu, “blue”) + ᠨᠣᠣᡵ (noor, “lake”). From Classical Mongolian ᠬᠥᠬᠡ
ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (köke naɣur, literally “blue sea”).

der

Qinghai (a province in northwestern China)

Qinghai, Qinghai Lake (a large lake in Qinghai province, the largest in China)


ᡠᡵᡠᠮᠴᡳ

→ Chinese: 烏魯木齊 /乌鲁木齐 (Wūlǔmùqí)

Borrowed from Written Oirat ᡇᠷᡇᡏᡔᡅ (urumci), from Chagatai اورُمجی (ūrumǧī /ürümči/).

bor+

Ürümqi (a prefecture-level city, the capital of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


巴楚

English: Bachu, Pa-ch'u

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

(～縣) Maralbexi, Bachu (a county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


阿瓦提

/ˀä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi³⁵/

/aː³³ ŋaː¹³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi³⁵/

/aː³³ ŋaː¹³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

(～縣) Awat, Awati (a county of Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Awat, Awati (a town in Maralbexi, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Awat, Awati (a town in Yarkant, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鄉) Awat, Awati (a township in Kashgar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Yong'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永安 (Yǒng'ān).

In Yong’an county, Fujian province, fiberboard is produced from waste lumber.

1982 June, Wu Dongyan, “The Furniture Industry”, in China Reconstructs [中国建设], volume XXXI, number 6, Beijing: China Welfare Institute, →OCLC, page 49:

By the time Comrade Luo Fu⁷⁸ (member of the Military Commission) learned about and objected to this move and the Red Army began to move eastward to Yong’an and Shaxian counties, the favourable situation which had existed in the Fujian People’s Government had changed.

1999 [1995], Chen Yun, Selected Works of Chen Yun, volume I, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 48:

A county-level city of Sanming, Fujian, China, formerly a county.


葉爾羌

/jɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jiːp̚² jiː¹³ kœːŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jiːp̚² jiː¹³ kœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～街道) Yarkant, Ye'erqiang (a subdistrict of Yarkant, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Yengiostang

英吾斯塘

several townships and villages in Xinjiang

A township in Qiemo, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

A township in Maralbexi, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

With a high survival rate compared to traditional cash crops, marigolds are easier to plant. The flowers, which contain lutein, are widely used in food and medicine. "It offers more economic benefits than cotton and wheat," said Zhu Yubao, Party chief of Yengiostang Township.

2020 September 30, “Xinjiang county smells success in marigold business”, in China Internet Information Center, archived from the original on 2020-09-30:

A township in Yarkant, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

A village in Teram, Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


Awat

Shajimuhan Momin, the director of the Yengierik township planning office in Awat county was visiting the family of Reyimjan Sadir to 'propagandise and educate his wife about family planning measures'.

2004, Michael Dillon, Xinjiang: China's Muslim Far Northwest, Routledge, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 121:

The field experiment was carried out in Awat county, located in west edge of Taklimakan desert, XinJiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.

2008, Jurat Matruzi, Mamtimin Geni, Ilham Abdureyim, Xamxinur Abdikerem, “Relationship Between Sand Ripple Moving Speed and Wind Speed under Local Wind Tunnel Experiment by Using Natural Sand in Taklimakan Desert”, in Wei Yang, Mamtimin Geni, Tiejun Wang, Zhuo Zhuang, editors, Advances in Fracture and Materials Behavior: Selected, peer reviewed papers of the Seventh International Conference on Fracture and Strength of Solids, (FEOFS2007), Urumqi, China, August 27-29, 2007, volume 2, Trans Tech Publications Ltd, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1051:

In October 2015, RFA reported that authorities in Awat county, Aksu prefecture, had forced 2 of the 109 Uyghurs forcibly deported from Thailand to participate in a film “as a deterrent to others in the area not to flee the country and seek asylum elsewhere.”

2016 October 6, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Annual Report 2016, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, archived from the original on 2016-11-10, page 285:

A source recently told RFA that residents of Awat (in Chinese, Awati) county, in the XUAR’s Aksu (Akesu) prefecture, had been informed that an “inspection team” would soon be visiting the area, which is home to three re-education camps.

2018 December 12, Shohret Hoshur, Joshua Lipes, “Xinjiang Authorities ‘Preparing’ Re-education Camps Ahead of Expected International Monitors”, in Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-12-13:

A county of Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

A town in Yarkant, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

The general pattern is that the closer a township is to Kashgar city, the lower the changes of finding a female donkey in a household. Qoghan, Bäshkeräm, Awat, Yengi-östeng and Döwletbagh are townships which are within a 50-km distance from the city, and where female donkeys are nearly absent.

2010, Donald Wood, editor, Economic Action in Theory and Practice: Anthropological Investigations, via Google Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 172:

A township in Kashgar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


艾力西湖

ㄞˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄒㄧ ㄏㄨˊ

ㄞˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄒㄧ ㄏㄨˊ

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

(～鎮) Elishku, Ailixihu, Elishqu (a town in Yarkant, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


依蓋爾其

ㄧ ㄍㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ

ㄧ ㄍㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ

/i⁵⁵ kaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ kaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

(～鎮) Egerchi, Yigai'erqi (a town in Yarkant, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


托木吾斯塘

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄇㄨˋ ㄨˊ ㄙ ㄊㄤˊ

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄇㄨˋ ㄨˊ ㄙ ㄊㄤˊ

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ u³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ u³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Tomosteng, Tuomu Wusitang (a town in Yarkant, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


Yarkant

In 1870, Tsarist troops occupied Guldja in the north-west of the province. The same year, and again in 1873, the British agent Douglas Forsyth led a mission to Yarkant to establish diplomatic relations with Yakub Beg, the feudal warlord of Kashgaria, who was consolidating his rule over the area.

1994, Christa Paula, The Road to Miran, HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 17:

Kishen Singh headed north again in 1873, when he and Nain Singh accompanied British diplomats to the city of Yarkant (now in the Chinese region of Xinjiang Uyghur). The following year, he explored the area south of Yarkant and ventured into the rugged Pamir Mountains of Afghanistan. His greatest achievements, however, was yet to come.

1999, “Singh, Kishen”, in Explorers from Ancient Times to the Space Age, volume 3, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 73:

On the south side of the Taklimakan Desert stands a Central Asian oasis, the edge of a dusty city that was once the centre of a great Buddhist kingdom. As early as the second century A.D., Yarkant (Suoju, Shache, or So-ch'e in Chinese) was responsible for ideas and texts that changed the Chinese empire. These days Yarkant is a market town for low-income Uighurs, Islamic farmers and herders who have lived here for more than a millennium, and a strategic base for China's domestic security forces. With some of the lowest annual incomes in China, these ethnic-minority farmers and herders scratch out a living based on the trickle of moisture that flows from the Kunlun mountain range to the near south. Yarkant is literally wedged in between the outer edge of the Himalayas and a vast desert filled with hidden energy treasure.

2009, Gordon Laird, The Price of a Bargain, McClelland & Stewart, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 195:

A court in the far western region sentenced 12 people to death on Monday for an attack in Xinjiang's southern Yarkant county on July 28, in which the government said 59 "terrorists" were gunned down by security forces, while 37 civilians were killed.

2014 October 15, “China broadcaster says Xinjiang attack mastermind sought Islamic state”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2016-01-08:

A county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


院下

/ɥɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/ɥɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

(～村) Yuanxia (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


繁昌

/fän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/faːn²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/fän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/faːn²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～區) Fanchang (a district of Wuhu, Anhui, China)


嶝崎

/tɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Dengqi (a residential community in Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)


雙滬

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu⁵¹/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu⁵¹/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Shuanghu (a residential community in Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)


陽塘

/jɑŋ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/jɑŋ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Yangtang (a residential community in Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)


小嶝

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵¹/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Xiaodeng (a residential community in Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)

(～島) Xiaodeng Island (an island of Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


大嶝

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɤŋ⁵¹/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɤŋ⁵¹/

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Dadeng (a subdistrict of Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a town)

(～島) Dadeng Island (an island of Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


蟳窟

/ɕyn³⁵ kʰu⁵⁵/

/ɕyn³⁵ kʰu⁵⁵/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Xunku (a residential community and former village in Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


東埕

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Dongcheng (a residential community in Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)


田墘

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻²² kĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻²² kĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan¹³⁻²² kĩ¹³/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻¹¹ kĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²³⁻³³ kĩ²³/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻²² kĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻²² kĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan¹³⁻²² kĩ¹³/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻¹¹ kĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²³⁻³³ kĩ²³/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Tianqian (a residential community in Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)


營前

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～村) Yingqian (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


奎霞

/kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

(～村) Kuixia (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


郭前

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～村) Guoqian (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


楊山

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～村) Yangshan (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


院前

/ɥɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɥɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～村) Yuanqian (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


溪東

→ English: Xidong, Ch'i-tung

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɐi̯⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɐi̯⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Xidong (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


西福

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

(～村) Xifu (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


西福

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

(～社區) Xifu (a residential community in Chengdong, Fengze district, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


聯豐

/li̯ɛn³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Lianfeng (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


前坂

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～村) Qianban (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


Nan'an

From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 南安 (Nán'ān).

A county-level city of Quanzhou, Fujian, China.


Nan'an

From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 南岸 (Nán'àn).

Chicken is cooked in a variety of ways and two popular dishes are spicy chicken (làzi jī 辣子鸡) and a spicy chicken appetizer (kǒushuǐ jī 口水鸡) that's served cold. Chongqing's spring chicken (mineral water spring, not the season) is a local specialty. It's so good there's a whole street (nánshān quánshuǐjī yītiáojiē 南山泉水鸡一条街) dedicated to serving it. The chickens can be found by Nanshan Park at Huangjueya in the Nan'an District (南岸区黄桷垭南山公园).

2004, Intercontinental's Best of China, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 403:

On November 14, 2011, Heywood had checked in to the Lucky Holiday Hotel in the Nan'an district of Chongqing. Some twenty-six hours later, he was found dead in his hotel room. The apparent cause of death was alcohol poisoning. Heywood's wife traveled from their home in Beijing to Chongqing, and with her agreement, Heywood's body was cremated. There was no autopsy.

2013, Noah Feldman, “A Glimpse into the New China”, in Cool War: The Future of Global Competition, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 56:

Several areas along Nanbin Road in Nanan district were flooded, with water rushing into the main halls of a Hilton Hotel, according to footage on Pear Video.

[2020 August 20, Phoebe Zhang, “Chinese megacity Chongqing braces for record flood”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2020-08-20:


Shijing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 石井 (Shíjǐng).

The day 1 February marks the 320h anniversary of the recovery of Taiwan by national hero Zheng Chenggong. With profound reverence, this reporter recently paid a visit to Shijing Township of Nanan County, Fujian Province, the hero's native place.

1982 February 12 [1982 February 2], “Beijing Views Native Place of Zheng Chenggong”, in China Report: Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, number 271, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 43:

Shijing, a township in Nan’an County west of Quanzhou was the ancestral home of Zheng Chenggong (1624-1662), also known as Koxinga, the famous Ming loyalist general who succeeded in chasing the Dutch out of Taiwan in the early Qing dynasty.

1990 December, An Ge, “Western Shores of the Straits”, in China Tourism, number 126, H.K. China Tourism Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 20-21:

A town in Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.


英吉沙

→ English: Ying-chi-sha, Yingjisha

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ saː⁵⁵/

(～縣) Yengisar, Yingjisha (a county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


烏恰

→ English: Wu-ch'ia, Wuqia

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ hɐp̚⁵/

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ hɐp̚⁵/

Shortened from 烏魯克恰提／乌鲁克恰提 (Wūlǔkèqiàtí); from Uyghur ئۇلۇغچات (ulughchat).

zh-l

烏魯克恰提／乌鲁克恰提 (Wūlǔkèqiàtí)

(～縣) Ulugqat, Wuqia (a county of Kizilsu, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Ulugqat, Wuqia (a town in Yengisar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


Saghan

As a rule, those coming from Atush, Kashgar city, and surrounding areas first stopped to pray at the Häzriti Begim Mazar in Yengisar's Saghan village before continuing on the Ordam (Fig. 3).

2016, Kashgar Revisited: Uyghur Studies in Memory of Ambassador Gunnar Jarring, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 238:

Yusupjan, a security worker in Yengisar county’s Saghan village, said his sister’s friend may have been terrified and made up the story in order to save herself from further questioning.

2017 September 19, Shohret Hoshur, Richard Finney, “Uyghur Woman Handed 10-Year Prison Term Over Headscarf Claim”, in Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2017-09-20:

An officer at the Saghan township police station told RFA that at least one other policeman from the township, who had been promoted and served for the last five years as an assistant officer patrolling China’s border, was fired after his relatives were arrested for “extremism.”

2017 November 6, Shohret Hoshur, Joshua Lipes, “Families of Uyghur Police Officers Among Those Detained in Xinjiang’s Kashgar”, in Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-02-02:

A town in Yengisar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township.


薩罕

/sä⁵¹ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sä⁵¹ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Saghan, Sahan (a town in Yengisar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


Yengisar

英吉沙

county in Kashgar, Xinjiang; town in Yengisar, Kashgar, Xinjiang

On 3 April, Abudure Yimu and Aihaiti Alabai, backbone members of the counterrevolutionary armed rebellion in Baren Township, went to Aigusi Township in Yengisar County to buy horses for battle. They offered a price as high as 2,000 yuan to buy a good horse owned by Danixi in San Village. The horse won several champions during races in Yengisar County.

1990 June 19 [1990 April 23], Shi Jian, Dong Jianshneg, Yusufujiang, Shi Linjie, “Report on the Quelling of the Counterrevolutionary Rebellion in Baren Township”, in Daily Report: China, number 118, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 59, column 2:

Adil (sometimes spelled Ahdili after the Chinese transcription A-di-li Wu-shou-er), like any Chinese hero, endured great hardships to get where he is today. He was born in Yengisar (in the Kashgar district) in 1971 as the sixth generation scion of a family famous for dawaz.

2007, James A. Millward, Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, London: Hurst & Company, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 357:

In Yengisar county, south of Kashgar, one mosque hung a photo of Chinese President Xi Jinping inside its premises, where most posters were dedicated to warning against religious extremism and promoting ethnic harmony.

2019, Eva Xiao, Pak Yiu, “Razed mosques and pervasive surveillance make for a tense Ramadan in China’s Xinjiang”, in Hong Kong Free Press:

In Kashgar, for example, the county of Yengisar warned this year of a “huge shortfall” from spending on security and said that it had accumulated 1 billion renminbi, or about $150 million, in previously undeclared “invisible debt.”

2019 May 22, Chris Buckley, Paul Mozur, Austin Ramzy, Aaron Krolik, “How China Uses High-Tech Surveillance to Subdue Minorities”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-05-22, Asia Pacific:

A county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.

We passed a good deal of motor transport on the road which led to Yengisar and Yarkant. Kashgar is a trucking centre, and at night, then around dawn, one can hear convoys starting out to cross deserts and mountains.

1976, Rewi Alley, “Kashgar and Khotan in South Sinkiang”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XV, number 5, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 15, column 1:

Sixty-eight kilometeres southeast of Kashgar is the small town of Yengisar, whose 400-year history of knife-making has made it famous throughout Xinjiang. A Yengisar knife is essential for every Uygur man, who wears it slung around his waist. A knife is especially important during the melon season, when it is produced with a ceremonial flair and thoroughly cleaned before use by cutting off the base of a melon. Knives are carefully chosen; hand-made ones encrusted with stones and inlaid with silver are highly valued, but just as effective are the sturdier ones with bone or horn handles and carving on the blade.

1993, Judy Bonavia, The Silk Road From Xi'an to Kashgar, Passport Books, NTC Publishing Group, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 276:

More knives for sale in Yengisar, China. The Uighur craft of knife-making is often passed from father to son.

2014 September 17, Julie Makinen, “Great Read: For China’s Uighurs, knifings taint an ancient craft”, in Los Angeles Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-10-16:

A town in Yengisar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


Yengiyer

Authorities also noted plans to carry out education in atheism, according to the report. Authorities in Yengiyer township, Yengisar county, Kashgar district, called for teachers to visit students' homes during Ramadan to convey state policy and provide information on the "harms" of fasting, according to an August 4 report on the Yengisar County Government Web site. They also called for "resolutely examining and putting a stop to" students and teachers participating in "unlawful activities" such as fasting, entering religious venues, and participating in "underground scripture study sites."

2011 October 11, “Xinjiang Authorities Implement Ramadan Curbs Amid Renewed Pledges for Tight Controls Over Religion”, in Congressional-Executive Commission on China, archived from the original on 2014-09-19:

Officers at the Egus and nearby Yengiyer township police stations would not comment on the reason of Memet’s imprisonment when contacted by RFA, but also did not deny that he is being held in Urumqi No. 1 Prison. One official from Egus confirmed that Tursun is currently being held in a re-education camp.

2017 November 8, Shohret Hoshur, Joshua Lipes, “Xinjiang Authorities Jail Uyghur ‘Religious Extremist’ For Scolding Son For Drinking”, in Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-02-02:

A township in Yengisar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


英也爾

/iŋ⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iŋ⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鄉) Yengiyer, Yingye'er (a township in Yengisar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Egus

[1990 June 19 [1990 April 23], Shi Jian, Dong Jianshneg, Yusufujiang, Shi Linjie, “Report on the Quelling of the Counterrevolutionary Rebellion in Baren Township”, in Daily Report: China, number 118, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 59, column 2:

Memet’s three sons, including the one who had drunk alcohol, were also arrested by authorities in Egus township's No. 4 village, in Yengisar, for the incident between February and June this year, she said.

2017 November 8, Shohret Hoshur, Joshua Lipes, “Xinjiang Authorities Jail Uyghur ‘Religious Extremist’ For Scolding Son For Drinking”, in Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 02 Feburary 2018:


艾古斯

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Egus, Aigusi (a township in Yengisar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


淝水

/feɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/feɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

淝水之戰

淝水之战

(historical) Fei River (a river in China)


港尾

desc

→ English: Gangwei, Chiang-wei, Kang-wei

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue⁵³/

/kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bue⁵⁵⁴/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue⁵³/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue⁵³/

/kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue⁵³/

/kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bue⁵⁵⁴/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue⁵³/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue⁵³/

/kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Gangwei (a town in Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a township)


浯嶼

/u³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～村) Wuyu (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


梅市

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(～社區) Meishi (a residential community in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

(～村) Meishi (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


東坑

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Dongkeng (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


城外

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/saŋ¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/saŋ¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/

(～村) Chengwai (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


格林

(～村) Gelin (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


璦琿

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ən³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ fɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ən³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ fɐi̯⁵⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of Manchu ᠠᡳᡥᡡᠨ (aihūn)

psm

(～縣) (historical) Aigun (a former county of Heilongjiang, China)

(～鎮) Aigun (a town in Aihui district, Heihe, Heilongjiang, China)


考後

/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

(～村) Kaohou (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


卓岐

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

(～村) Zhuoqi (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


石埠

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pu⁵¹/

(～村) Shibu (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


Longhai

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 龍海 /龙海 (Lónghǎi).

Lung-hai (alternative)
Lunghai (alternative)

Longhai, in Zhangzhou municipality, is offering a profit tax rebate as an incentive to lure foreign investment.

1996 September 11, “Longhai tax breaks to attract foreigners”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-09-28:


Gangwei

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 港尾 (Gǎngwěi).

Also on 30 April, Trawler No. 1107 of Jinyu Island, Gangwei Town, Longhai County, Zhangzhou City was fishing a few nautical miles off Penghu Island when it was forcibly towed away by a KMT gunboat. The 16 crew members on board were detained for seven days by the garrisoned troops and were only released on 8 May.

1990 May 31 [1990 May 30], “Incidents of Kuomintang Troops Shooting at and Towing Away Fishing Boats Along the Coast of Fujian Province Occur Over and Over Again”, in Daily Report: China, number 105, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from China News Service, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 67, column 1:

The Shenwo gneissic granite (DS-24-2) in the Gangwei area, south of Xiamen, belongs to the southern PDMB.

2012 October, Qian Liu, Jin-Hai Yu, Qin Wang, Bin Su, Mei-Fu Zhou, Hai Xu, Xiang Cui, “Ages and geochemistry of granites in the Pingtan–Dongshan Metamorphic Belt, Coastal South China: New constraints on Late Mesozoic magmatic evolution”, in Lithos, volume 150, →DOI, →ISSN, page 277:

An entrance guard clears mud at the gate of government of Gangwei Township in Longhai of Zhangzhou City, southeast China's Fujian Province, July 19, 2013.

2013 July 20, “Cimaron brings heavy rains to Fujian”, in China Internet Information Center, archived from the original on 2013-07-20:

[…]we left Amoy at Four, arrived near Kang Beh [Gangwei 港尾] at 5 1⁄2, and walked Sunday morning before breakfast to the hot springs;[…]

2017, Koos Kuiper, quoting De Grijs, The Early Dutch Sinologists (1854-1900), Brill Publishers, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 188:

A town in Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a township.


岳普湖

/ɥɛ⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² pʰou̯³⁵ wuː²¹/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² pʰou̯³⁵ wuː²¹/

(～縣) Yopurga, Yuepuhu (a county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Yopurga, Yuepuhu (a town in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鄉) Yopurga, Yuepuhu (a township in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


Yopurga

Yupogha (alternative)
Yopurgha (alternative)
Yupurga (alternative)

In Yopurga County, the enrollment and consolidation rates for school-age children are 98 percent, while the rate for the elimination of illiteracy in the 12-to-40 age group exceeds 96 percent. The county has been certified by the People's Autonomous Region Government as Xinjiang’s best county at universalizing elementary education and eliminating illiteracy. Yopurga is one of Xinjiang's poor counties, but it nevertheless jumped to the top in those two areas.

1986 January 24 [1985 August 15], “Reform of Minority Nationality Education Discussed”, in China Report, Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, pages 109–110:

The Yopurga district [southeast of Kaxgar] had a grain surplus from the fifties up to the sixties; it was able to transfer 5 to 6 million jin and often as much as 7 million jin of cereals [2,500—3,500 tonnes] to other places. The arable land of the whole district is now completely salinized. Since 1970, this grain surplus district has become a grain deficit district (Chen Hua, 1983b, p. 3).

1987, T. Hoppe, edited by Bernhard Glaeser, Learning from China? Development and Environment in Third World Countries, Allen & Unwin, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 63:

In 2016, the Xinjiang PSB also issued a “Notice to Fully Carry Out the Construction of Three-Dimensional Portraits, Voiceprint and DNA Fingerprint Biometrics Collection System” (关于全面开展三维人像、声纹、DNA指纹生物信息采集系统建设相关工作的通知). But the full document is not publicly available. It is unclear who is targeted for such collection; how this information is to be used, shared, or stored; the rationale behind the collecting; or how one challenges the collection. A separate call for tender issued by the Yopurga County Police Bureau, Kashgar, Xinjiang, cited the “notice” and stated that the biometric collection is part of “stability maintenance.” Regional authorities have revealed little about these new efforts.

2017 May 15, “China: Police DNA Database Threatens Privacy”, in Human Rights Watch, archived from the original on 2017-05-16:

Zhu is an official at the commerce department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. A year ago, she was tasked with assisting the poverty alleviation work in a village under Yopurga County, some 1,500 km away from the regional capital of Urumqi.
Yopurga is located at the western edge of the Taklimakan, the largest desert in China, and local farmers used to grow wheat, cotton and dates.

2019 January 6, “Across China: Potato planting turns desert into land of fortune”, in mmm, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2019-01-06:

A county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


阿洪魯庫木

ㄚ ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄨˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄇㄨˋ

ㄚ ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄨˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄇㄨˋ

/ˀä⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

(～鄉) Axunluqum, Ahong Lukumu (a township in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


色也克

/sɤ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/sɤ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

(～鄉) Siyek, Seyeke (a township in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


鐵熱木

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄖㄜˋ ㄇㄨˋ

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄖㄜˋ ㄇㄨˋ

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Terim, Tieremu (a town in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


艾西曼

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ män⁵¹/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ män⁵¹/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Eshme, Aiximan (a town in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


也克先拜巴扎

ㄧㄝˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄢ ㄅㄞˋ ㄅㄚ ㄓㄚ

ㄧㄝˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄢ ㄅㄞˋ ㄅㄚ ㄓㄚ

Екэсянь Байбачжа

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ paɪ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵/

From Uyghur يەكشەنبەبازار (yekshenbebazar).

bor

يەكشەنبەبازار

Yekexian Baibazha
Yekexian Baibazha#English

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Yekshenbebazar, Yekexian Baibazha (a town in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, formerly a township)


巴依阿瓦提

ㄅㄚ ㄧ ㄚ ㄨㄚˇ ㄊㄧˊ

ㄅㄚ ㄧ ㄚ ㄨㄚˇ ㄊㄧˊ

/pä⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi³⁵/

(～鎮) Bayawat, Bayi'awati (a township in Yopurga, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


馬鼻

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi³⁵/

(～鎮) Mabi (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


浦口

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰou̯³⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰou̯³⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

(～區) Pukou (a district of Nanjing, Jiangsu, China)

(～鎮) Pukou (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


黃岐

desc

→ English: Huangqi, Huang-ch'i, Huangchi

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

(～半島) Huangqi (a peninsula in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Huangqi (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


曉澳

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(～鎮) Xiao'ao (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


琯頭

/ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

(～鎮) Guantou (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


筱埕

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Xiaocheng (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


坑園

/kʰɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kʰɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Kengyuan (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a township)


下宮

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Xiagong (a township in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


安凱

/ˀän⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀän⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鄉) Ankai (a township in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


蓼沿

/li̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/li̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

(～鄉) Liaoyan (a township in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


潘渡

/pʰän⁵⁵ tu⁵¹/

/pʰän⁵⁵ tu⁵¹/

(～鄉) Pandu (a township in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


苔菉

→ English: Tailu, T'ai-lu

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ lʊk̚²/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ lʊk̚²/

(～鎮) Tailu (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)

(～村) Tailu (a village in Tailu, Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


敖江

/ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Aojiang (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


小滄

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～畲族鄉) Xiaocang (a Shezu township in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


建鄴

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/

(～區) Jianye (a district of Nanjing, Jiangsu, China)


Huangqu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 黃渠 /黄渠 (Huángqú).

In a Gansu court record, Dui Hua discovered an incident leading to the arrest of more than thirty Almighty God members. On December 6, 2012, 32 members of the Almighty God group entered a busy area near a Huangqu Township government building in Dunhuang city to distribute religious texts and perform religious songs and dance.

2018 June, “PRISONER UPDATE”, in Dui Hua Foundation, archived from the original on 2021-04-11:

Tourists visit a forest of desert poplar or populus euphratica in Huangqu Town, Dunhuang City, Northwest China's Gansu Province. During the autumn months, the town has drawn tourists eager to see the striking golden leaves of the trees against clear, blue skies.

2018 October 12, “Golden leaves draw tourists to northwestern county (1/6)”, in Yao Lan, editor, China News Service, archived from the original on 2018-10-20:

A town in Dunhuang, Jiuquan, Gansu, China.


Zhuanqukou

jwänʹchüʹkōʹ

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 轉渠口 /转渠口.

Generally, the water level had a rising trend in the north of Huangqu town and Zhuanqukou town and along both sides of Dang river, but the level in the east and west of Danghe had a[...]

2011, Juncang Yang, Zhiheng Li, “The dynamic trends and prevention countermeasures of groundwater in Danghe irrigation, Dunhuang basin”, in 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection, →DOI, →OCLC:

A middle-aged famer from Zhuanqukou Village says that his annual income from the crops is only 2,000 yuan (US$322.2 yuan), a number which is barely there. Water shortage has become a bottleneck for the economic development of Dunhuang, Gansu Province.

2014 April 8, “The endless dry spells of Dunhuang”, in China Internet Information Center, archived from the original on 2021-05-24:

In addition, according to the monitoring data of groundwater level twice per year in the Danghe irrigation area from 2008 to 2010, the declined range of 0.10–0.50 m/a was mainly occurred from Suzhou town to Mengjiaqiao town and the Northeastern Mogao town; the declined range of 0.10–0.30 m/a was mainly distributed from Zhuanqukou, Guojiabao to Mogao town and around them; the declined range of 0.10–0.20 m/a was mainly distributed in the south of the Dunhuang irrigation area and other districts.

2016 June, “Land use/land cover change and driving effects of water environment system in Dunhuang Basin, northwestern China”, in Environmental Earth Sciences, volume 75, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-07-25, page 9:

A nurse of the Dunhuang medical community gives a patient an intravenous injection at the central hospital of Zhuanqukou town, Dunhuang city, Gansu province, Nov 27, 2018

2018 November 28, “Dunhuang medical community improves treatment”, in State Council of the People's Republic of China, archived from the original on 2021-05-24:

There are nine towns in Dunhuang, Shazhou Town, Mogao Town, Yueyaquan Town, Zhuanqukou Town, Qili Town, Yangguan Town, Suzhou Town, Guojiapuzhen Village and Huangqu Village.

2022, Jinbao Liu, “Thosuand's Years of Vicissitudes About Dunhuang”, in Ming Chen, Meng Wang, transl., The General Theory of Dunhuang Studies, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2:


易縣

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Yi County (a county of Baoding, Hebei, China)