East Turkestan

East Turkistan (alternative)
Eastern Turkestan (alternative)

It seems to me that I entered the hills, from the Indian side, at Barakau on the 25th of June last; that I reached the ‘top’ on the Depsang plains on the 14th of this month; and that to-day I have emerged on the Central Asian side of the hills into the plains of Eastern Turkestan.

[1876 [1874 September 27], J. Scully, “A Contribution to the Ornithology of Eastern Turkestan”, in Allan Hume, editor, Stray Feathers: A Journal of Ornithology for India and its Dependencies, volume IV, Calcutta: Calcutta Central Press, →OCLC, page 59:

It is the opinion of an important school of archeologists that the earliest products of metallurgy in bronze and iron successively progressed to the western world from the far East — a progress that in each case carried with it a revolution in civilizations. We do not know whether this region saw the birth of the metallurgy of those elemental substances which — beginning with copper and tin and progressing through bronze to iron and steel and the use of coal — marks the birth of civilization and its great revolutions. If it was not the birthplace of this art, and if it was a distributing center, it is a long step nearer to any far eastern source, whether this was China, East Turkestan, India, or Persia.

1905, Raphael Pumpelly, Explorations in Turkestan, with an account of the basin of eastern Persia and Sistan, page 16:

The introduction of Mohammedanism occurred during the seventh century. Mohammedanism has its largest following in the northwestern portion of the empire, and it has once or twice threatened the peace of the government in that region, especially in the dependency of East Turkestan.

1906, James Whitford Bashford, China and Methodism, page 31:

Within the independent government of the East Turkestan Republic, while Sabid-da-Mulla insisted upon defending the Old City of Kashgar to the death, Mahum and Nias wanted to quit the Old City for the time being, withdraw to Ying-chi-sha, and plan a second uprising.

1946, Military Information: Sinkiang Rebellions 1931-1937, page 9:

It is the administrative hq. of the dist. Altai [Chinese Aerhtai or Ashan], by which name the town is sometimes called, and which formed part (1944-50) of the East Turkestan Republic.

1952, “Sharasume”, in Leon E. Seltzer, editor, The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 1745, column 2:

After Lou-lan, however, the Qum darja river and, north of this, the parallel mountain range of Quruq-tagh again seem to offer some guidance, when choosing the northern route through East Turkestan.

1962, Bertil Almgren, Geographical Aspects of the Silk Road Especially in Persia and East Turkestan, number 34, Stockholm: Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, page 96:

Furthermore for many regions of eastern and southern China it is the mat rather than the carpet that is more suited to the climate as a floor covering. Carpet export from east Turkestan was therefore always directed primarily westwards and to a lesser extent southwards. In old Chinese documents there is scarcely a mention of the carpets of east Turkestan.

1970 [1964], Reinhard G. Hubel, “The carpets of East Turkestan”, in Katherine Watson, transl., The Book of Carpets, West Germany: Praeger Publishers, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 267:

For most of their history, the Uyghurs lived as tribes in a loosely affiliated nation on the northern Chinese border (sometimes called East Turkestan). Most do not think of themselves as Chinese, and some want to break away from China and form an independent state. They wish to emulate their Turkic Muslim neighbors in Central Asian states like Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, which gained independence in 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

2006, Sheila Hollihan-Elliot, Muslims in China, Mason Crest Publishers, →ISBN, page 55:

For Anwar Yusuf Turani, a Washington D.C.-based school teacher and prime minister of the exiled government of East Turkistan – the pro-independence name for Xinjiang – all of this is too little too late by Beijing.
Evasive about whether pro-independence supporters are present in Central Asia, he says that he communicates regularly with people in Xinjiang, even if it’s difficult with social media mostly blocked. “The Chinese government makes propaganda telling the people of East Turkestan that we should live in harmony, that the vast majority of the Uyghur people want to live with China,” Turani tells The Diplomat.

2013, Steve Finch, “China Courts Central Asia”, in The Diplomat:

I only knew one of the men at the table — a friend of a good friend from China — and after listening to several speeches that I did not understand, and several gulps of whiskey, I went to go talk to him. But he doesn’t speak much English, and I felt communicating with him in Mandarin would be in poor taste. So I smiled at him, and he smiled sadly at me, and pulled out his accordion. "We eat, we talk, we drink — water or tea, not vodka, like me," Alptekin said with an exaggerated wink, as my friend stared into the distance beyond the gym wall and started playing a mournful song on the accordion. "And that’s how we free East Turkestan."

2013, Isaac Stone Fish, “My Dinner With Alptekin”, in Foreign Policy:

According to data assembled by the Uyghur Human Rights Project (UHRP) from Chinese and overseas media, a range of 656 to 715 individuals lost their lives in the violence that engulfed Uyghurs and other ethnicities between 2013-14. The number of fatalities in 2014 is approximately double that of 2013. Although these numbers should not be considered definitive, as the Chinese government tightly controls information in East Turkestan, they are indicative of a deterioration in conditions during the two calendar years of Xi Jinping’s tenure as General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and President of the People’s Republic of China.

2015, “Legitimizing Repression: China’s “War on Terror” Under Xi Jinping and State Policy in East Turkestan”, in Uyghur Human Rights Project, Washington, D.C.:

My brother was killed on the streets in 1992. He was only 18. He was attacked by a mob of Chinese construction corps soldiers. He was killed in East Turkestan (also known as the Xinjiang region of western China) because he engaged in a peaceful protest with his friends against the millions of Han Chinese being sent into our homeland to dominate the land of our people, the Uighurs. I later gave his name to my newborn baby boy and decided to leave my country in search of a peaceful life for him in Canada.

2019, Rukiye Turdush, “How China tried to stop my freedom of speech — in Canada”, in Washington Post:

He and his business partner, Nur Ahmet Mahmut, 32, publish anything they can find, from Uighur history and literature to children’s stories and cookery books. They sell symbols of their hoped-for republic, East Turkestan — such as its sky blue flag with white crescent and star — items that are outlawed in China.

2019, Carlotta Gall, “They Built a Homeland Far From China’s Grip. Now They’re Afraid.”, in New York Times:

Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The Government of the People’s Republic of China has a long history of repressing Turkic Muslims and other Muslim minority groups, particularly Uyghurs, in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (“Xinjiang” or “XUAR”), also known as East Turkestan.

2021 March 8, Theodore Deutch, “H.R.1630 - Uyghur Human Rights Protection Act”, in Congress.gov:

I know what it means to be dislocated at the hands of an occupying armed force — the terror and pain over the loss of a homeland, the immediate urgency of staying alive, the uncertain future and the fight ahead. My family left my hometown of Ghulja, East Turkestan, in the 1970s, crossing the short border between China and Afghanistan to seek sanctuary in Kabul. Our story of exile is the story of millions of Uyghurs and the hundreds of millions of displaced people across the globe.

2022 March 7, Omer Kanat, “Uyghurs Stand With Ukrainians”, in The Diplomat, archived from the original on 2021-03-07:

A geographic region in northwestern China; in modern usage, a synonym of Xinjiang used by the East Turkestan independence movement.


Aksai Chin

/ˌɑːksaɪ ˈtʃɪn/

First attested in the mid 1800s. Various origins have been proposed, see Aksai Chin on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Aksai-chin (alternative)
Aksayqin (alternative)

This pass is described as situated in the Kisil-korum Range, which is a branch from the Kara-tagh Range. The next day they arrived at the great lake Aksáe Chin, 16,620 feet, although I cannot make out what particular lake he means.

[1922, Sven Hedin, Southern Tibet, Stockholm, →OCLC, page 5:

On the southern shore of the Aksai Chin lake we left our big luggage behind us in a depot. Our next goal was the Khitai Dawan, whence we could reach the Upper Kara-Kash. Leaving Sir Aurel Stein’s route of 1908 to the north, we crossed the brown mountains separating the Aksai Chin lake from the salt marshes in the west, which had been seen by Johnson in 1865.

1930 June, Emil Trinkler, “Explorations in the Eastern Karkoram and in the Western Kunlun”, in The Geographical Journal, volume LXXV, number 6, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 510:

A lake in Hotan County, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, part of the disputed Aksai Chin.


Aksai Chin

Aksai Chin (a macroregion of Kashmir, governed by China)


Nantou

zh-m

南頭／南头 (Nántóu)

Shum Chun’s population swelled throughout the 50s as it became the centre for the Bao’an County government, owing to its proximity to the KCR and an economy that was larger than its rival, Nantou. Shum Chun also became a temporary home for refugees attempting to escape to Hong Kong from Mao’s Communist China.[…]
Then, in 1978, a central inspection team from the State Council in Beijing arrived, looked around and decided that Bao’an County might make a good foreign trade port and Shum Chun, now commonly called Shenzhen, a good “Trade Cooperation Zone”. The words “sleepy”, “backwater” and “small” may apply to the fishing village of Yumin, in Shenzhen’s Luohu district, but most definitely not to Shum Chun nor, it should be said, to the once walled village of Nantou, now also incorporated into the metropolis.

2021 January 17, Paul French, “Myth busting: Shenzhen’s sleazy past as short-lived gangster and gambling hub Shum Chun”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-01-17, Post Magazine:


Banqiao

/ˌbɑːnˈt͡ʃjaʊ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 板橋／板桥 (Bǎnqiáo).

zh-l

板橋／板桥 (Bǎnqiáo)

Panchiao (alternative)
Pan-chiao (alternative)
Pan-ch'iao (alternative)
Banciao (alternative)

A town in Nanzhang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.

Juxin Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. in Enshi, Hubei was registered in Nov., 2005 and based in Peak Village more than 1,800 m above sea level in Banqiao Town, Enshi City.

2023, Yang Cao, “Pluralism and Symbiosis: The Basic Framework of Agricultural Production Organizations in Contemporary China”, in Ming Dong, Xue Li, transl., Modernization of China's Agricultural Production Organizations [当代中国农业生产组织现代化研究], volume 25, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 226:

当代中国农业生产组织现代化研究

A town in Enshi, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China.


Miaoli

From Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 廟李／庙李.

(historical) A town in Jinshui district, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.


Nam Kinh

[naːm˧˧ kïŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Nam Kinh.wav

Nanjing (a major city, the provincial capital of Jiangsu, China)


Đông Kinh

→ English: Tonkin

→ French: Tonkin

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Đông Kinh.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東京, composed of 東 (“eastern”) and 京 (“capital”).

vi-etym-sino

(historical) synonym of Khai Phong (“Kaifeng (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China; the former capital of China)”)

Khai Phong

(historical) synonym of Liêu Dương (“Liaoyang (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China; the former capital from 1621 to 1625 of China)”)


兵營

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (兵營):
* → Japanese: 兵営(へいえい) (heiei)
* → Korean: 병영(兵營) (byeong'yeong)

/piŋ⁵⁵ iŋ³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

/pin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ iaŋ¹¹/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iã²⁴/

/piɪŋ³³ iã²⁴/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iã¹³/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iã²⁴/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iã²³/

/pĩã³³⁻²³ ĩã⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ iŋ³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

/pin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ iaŋ¹¹/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iã²⁴/

/piɪŋ³³ iã²⁴/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iã¹³/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iã²⁴/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iã²³/

/pĩã³³⁻²³ ĩã⁵⁵/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Bingying (a town in Zhuxi, Shiyan, Hubei, China, formerly a township)


Хэбэй

ru-proper noun+

Хэбэ́й • (Xɛbɛ́j) m inan (genitive Хэбэ́я)

Хэбэ́й (canonical)
Xɛbɛ́j (romanization)
Хэбэ́я (genitive)
Хэбэ́й (nominative singular)
Хэбэ́я (genitive singular)
Хэбэ́ю (dative singular)
Хэбэ́й (accusative singular)
Хэбэ́ем (instrumental singular)
Хэбэ́е (prepositional singular)


Шаньси

ru-proper noun

шаньси́йский

Шаньси́ • (Šanʹsí) f (indeclinable, relational adjective шаньси́йский)

Шаньси́ (canonical)
Šanʹsí (romanization)
шаньси́йский (adjective relational)

Shanxi (a province in the northern part of China)


Гуанси

Гуанси́ • (Guansí) f inan (indeclinable)

Гуанси́ (canonical)
Guansí (romanization)

[ɡʊan⁽ʲ⁾ˈsʲi]

Guangxi (a Zhuang autonomous region of China)


Ляонин

ru-proper noun+

Ляони́н • (Ljaonín) m inan (genitive Ляони́на, relational adjective ляони́нский)

Ляони́н (canonical)
Ljaonín (romanization)
Ляони́на (genitive)
ляони́нский (adjective relational)
Ляони́н (nominative singular)
Ляони́на (genitive singular)
Ляони́ну (dative singular)
Ляони́н (accusative singular)
Ляони́ном (instrumental singular)
Ляони́не (prepositional singular)

Liaoning (a province in northeastern China)


Цзилинь

цзили́ньский

Цзили́нь • (Czilínʹ) m inan (genitive Цзили́ня, relational adjective цзили́ньский)

Цзили́нь (canonical)
Czilínʹ (romanization)
Цзили́ня (genitive)
цзили́ньский (adjective relational)
Цзили́нь (nominative singular)
Цзили́ня (genitive singular)
Цзили́ню (dative singular)
Цзили́нь (accusative singular)
Цзили́нем (instrumental singular)
Цзили́не (prepositional singular)
Гири́н (alternative)

Jilin, Jilin City (a prefecture-level city of Jilin, China)


Цзянсу

Цзянсу́ (canonical)
Czjansú (romanization)

Jiangsu (a province of China, northeast of the mouth of the Yangtze River)


Чжэцзян

Чжэцзя́н • (Čžɛczján) m inan (genitive Чжэцзя́на)

Чжэцзя́н (canonical)
Čžɛczján (romanization)
Чжэцзя́на (genitive)
Чжэцзя́н (nominative singular)
Чжэцзя́на (genitive singular)
Чжэцзя́ну (dative singular)
Чжэцзя́н (accusative singular)
Чжэцзя́ном (instrumental singular)
Чжэцзя́не (prepositional singular)

[d͡ʐʐɛˈd͡zʲzʲan]


Фуцзянь

фуцзя́ньский

Фуцзя́нь • (Fuczjánʹ) m inan (genitive Фуцзя́ня, relational adjective фуцзя́ньский)

Фуцзя́нь (canonical)
Fuczjánʹ (romanization)
Фуцзя́ня (genitive)
фуцзя́ньский (adjective relational)
Фуцзя́нь (nominative singular)
Фуцзя́ня (genitive singular)
Фуцзя́ню (dative singular)
Фуцзя́нь (accusative singular)
Фуцзя́нем (instrumental singular)
Фуцзя́не (prepositional singular)

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

Fujian (a province of the People's Republic of China (mainland China), located on the southeastern coast)


Цзянси

Цзянси́ (canonical)
Czjansí (romanization)


Шаньдун

Шаньду́н • (Šanʹdún) m inan (genitive Шаньду́на)

Шаньду́н (canonical)
Šanʹdún (romanization)
Шаньду́на (genitive)
Шаньду́н (nominative singular)
Шаньду́на (genitive singular)
Шаньду́ну (dative singular)
Шаньду́н (accusative singular)
Шаньду́ном (instrumental singular)
Шаньду́не (prepositional singular)

Shandong (a coastal province in eastern China)


Хэнань

Хэна́нь • (Xɛnánʹ) m inan (genitive Хэна́ня)

Хэна́нь (canonical)
Xɛnánʹ (romanization)
Хэна́ня (genitive)
Хэна́нь (nominative singular)
Хэна́ня (genitive singular)
Хэна́ню (dative singular)
Хэна́нь (accusative singular)
Хэна́нем (instrumental singular)
Хэна́не (prepositional singular)


Хубэй

Хубэ́й • (Xubɛ́j) m inan (genitive Хубэ́я)

Хубэ́й (canonical)
Xubɛ́j (romanization)
Хубэ́я (genitive)
Хубэ́й (nominative singular)
Хубэ́я (genitive singular)
Хубэ́ю (dative singular)
Хубэ́й (accusative singular)
Хубэ́ем (instrumental singular)
Хубэ́е (prepositional singular)


Хунань

Хуна́нь • (Xunánʹ) m inan (genitive Хуна́ня)

Хуна́нь (canonical)
Xunánʹ (romanization)
Хуна́ня (genitive)
Хуна́нь (nominative singular)
Хуна́ня (genitive singular)
Хуна́ню (dative singular)
Хуна́нь (accusative singular)
Хуна́нем (instrumental singular)
Хуна́не (prepositional singular)

Hunan (a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting)


Гуандун

Гуанду́н • (Guandún) m inan (genitive Гуанду́на)

Гуанду́н (canonical)
Guandún (romanization)
Гуанду́на (genitive)
Гуанду́н (nominative singular)
Гуанду́на (genitive singular)
Гуанду́ну (dative singular)
Гуанду́н (accusative singular)
Гуанду́ном (instrumental singular)
Гуанду́не (prepositional singular)

Guangdong (a populous province of China, located on the southern coast)


Сычуань

сычуа́ньский

Сычуа́нь • (Syčuánʹ) m inan (genitive Сычуа́ня, relational adjective сычуа́ньский)

Сычуа́нь (canonical)
Syčuánʹ (romanization)
Сычуа́ня (genitive)
сычуа́ньский (adjective relational)
Сычуа́нь (nominative singular)
Сычуа́ня (genitive singular)
Сычуа́ню (dative singular)
Сычуа́нь (accusative singular)
Сычуа́нем (instrumental singular)
Сычуа́не (prepositional singular)

[sɨt͡ɕʊˈanʲ]


Гуйчжоу

ru-proper noun

гуйчжо́уский

Гуйчжо́у • (Gujčžóu) f (indeclinable, relational adjective гуйчжо́уский)

Гуйчжо́у (canonical)
Gujčžóu (romanization)
гуйчжо́уский (adjective relational)

[ɡujˈd͡ʐʐoʊ]

Guizhou (a province in southwestern China)


Юньнань

ru-proper noun+

юньна́ньский

Юньна́нь • (Junʹnánʹ) m inan (genitive Юньна́ня, relational adjective юньна́ньский)

Юньна́нь (canonical)
Junʹnánʹ (romanization)
Юньна́ня (genitive)
юньна́ньский (adjective relational)
Юньна́нь (nominative singular)
Юньна́ня (genitive singular)
Юньна́ню (dative singular)
Юньна́нь (accusative singular)
Юньна́нем (instrumental singular)
Юньна́не (prepositional singular)

Yunnan (a province in southwestern China, bordering Myanmar (Burma), Laos and Vietnam)


Ганьсу

ru-proper noun

Ганьсу́ • (Ganʹsú) f (indeclinable, relational adjective ганьсу́ский)

Ганьсу́ (canonical)
Ganʹsú (romanization)
ганьсу́ский (adjective relational)

Gansu (a province in northwestern China)


Цинхай

ru-proper noun+

Цинха́й • (Cinxáj) m inan (genitive Цинха́я, relational adjective цинха́йский)

Цинха́й (canonical)
Cinxáj (romanization)
Цинха́я (genitive)
цинха́йский (adjective relational)
Цинха́й (nominative singular)
Цинха́я (genitive singular)
Цинха́ю (dative singular)
Цинха́й (accusative singular)
Цинха́ем (instrumental singular)
Цинха́е (prepositional singular)

Qinghai (a province in northwestern China)


Нинся

ru-proper noun

Нинся́ or Ни́нся • (Ninsjá or Nínsja) m inan or f inan (indeclinable, relational adjective нинся́ский)

Нинся́ (canonical)
Ни́нся (canonical)
Ninsjá (romanization)
Nínsja (romanization)
нинся́ский (adjective relational)

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
w:Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Ningxia, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (a Hui autonomous region of China)


西江

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

From its location relative to the main course of the Pearl River.

(～鄉) Xijiang (a township in Hanchuan, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


鄂州

→ English: Ezhou, O-chou

/ˀɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ŋouʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/ɡɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɡɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡siu³³/

/ɡɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɡɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɡɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ŋoʔ¹¹ t͡sɤ²³/

/ˀɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ŋouʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/ɡɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɡɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡siu³³/

/ɡɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɡɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɡɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ŋoʔ¹¹ t͡sɤ²³/

(～市) Ezhou (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)

經濟技術開發區 經濟技術開發區#Chinese

(～經濟技術開發區) Ezhou (an economic and technological development zone in Ezhou, Hubei, China)


Ezhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鄂州 (Èzhōu).

E'zhou (alternative misspelling)
O-chou (alternative)

Tienlin said to me that in the district of Yochow and Ochow [Wuchang], the poor farmers as a rule raise only two sons and one daughter, and kill babies at birth beyond this number.

[1947 [1083], Su Tung-po, “Letter to Chu Kang-shu, Chief Magistrate of Ochow”, in Lin Yutang, Rhoda Hoff, editors, China: Adventures in Eyewitness History, Henry Z. Walck, published 1965, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 18:

The neighboring city of Huanggang, which has a population of roughly 6 million, said it would join Wuhan’s quarantine from midnight on Thursday. The nearby city of Ezhou, home to 1 million people, has also shut down its railway stations.

2020 January 23, Adam Taylor, “Wuhan: The Chinese mega-city at the center of coronavirus outbreak”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-01-23, Asia:

The building, on the outskirts of Ezhou, a city on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, is hailed as the world’s biggest free-standing pig farm, with a second, identical hog high-rise opening soon.

2023 February 8, Daisuke Wakabayashi, Claire Fu, “China’s Bid to Improve Food Production? Giant Towers of Pigs.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-02-08:

A prefecture-level city of Hubei, China.


武昌

desc

→ English: Wuchang, Ou-tchang, Wu-ch'ang, Wu-chang, Voutchang

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

(～區) Wuchang (a district of Wuhan, Hubei, China)


Wuchang

Ou-tchang (alternative)
Voutchang (alternative)
Wu-ch'ang (alternative)
Wu-chang (alternative)

The Metropolis Vuchang, lieth on the Southern Shore of the River Kiang, though ſomewhat diſtant, but may be gone to in Boats along Channels, convey'd thither out of the River.

[1671, Arnoldus Montanus, translated by John Ogilby, Atlas Chinensis, London: Tho. Johnson, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 517:

The tribute to be paid to England after the unfortunate war of 1840, the great unproductive consumption of opium, the drain of the precious metals by this trade, the destructive influence of foreign competition on native manufactures, the demoralized condition of the public administration, produced two things: the old taxation became more burdensome and harassing, and new taxation was added to the old. Thus in a decree of the Emperor, dated Peking, Jan 5 1853, we find orders given to the viceroys and governors of the southern provinces of Wuchang and Hanyang to remit and defer the payment of taxes, and especially not in any case to exact more than the regular amount; for otherwise, says the decree, “how will the poor people be able to bear it?” And “Thus, perhaps,” continues the Emperor, “will my people, in a period of general hardship and distress, be exempted from the evils of being pursued and worried by the tax-gatherer.” Such language as this, and such concessions we remember to have heard from Austria, the China of Germany, in 1848.

1853 June 14, Karl Marx, “Revolution in China and in Europe”, in New-York Daily Tribune, archived from the original on 2020-11-01, page 17:

Yochow fell to the Nationalists August 22. Alarmed, Wu hastened from North China. Before he arrived at Hankow, however, the Nationalists had penetrated the province and were advancing on Wuchang, sister-city of Hankow.

1938, Robert Berkov, Strong Man of China: The Story of Chiang Kai-shek, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, page 55:

Eleven soldiers were poisoned to death at Wuchang in Hupeh province last February 18. Two cooks were arrested on charges of deliberately poisoning the food.

1973 July 1, “Discipline lax in Red army”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 25, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3, column 2:

By 1911, there were rumours of revolution, and Stursberg was worried by reports that Foochow was in the hands of revolutionaries. A mutiny of the troops in Wuchang on October 10 had spread to city after city.

2002, Peter Stursberg, No Foreign Bones in China, University of Alberta Press, →ISBN, page 92:

The Wuchang mobile cabin hospital, built in the Hongshan Stadium in Wuhan’s Wuchang District, was completed within 29 hours; the state media championed this as a sign of ‘Chinese speed’ or the ‘Chinese experience’.

2021 July 21, Ralph Litzinger, Yanping Ni, “Inside the Wuhan cabin hospital: Contending narratives during the COVID-19 pandemic”, in China Information, volume 35, number 3, →DOI, page 347:

The video indicates that Mr. Chen is a 41-year-old who worked in a company’s finance office and never went to the Huanan market. Official reports said that he lived in the Wuchang district in Wuhan, miles from the market.

2021 November 18, Carl Zimmer, Benjamin Mueller, Chris Buckley, “First Known Covid Case Was Vendor at Wuhan Market, Scientist Claims”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-11-18, The Coronavirus Pandemic:


Yunling

Yun-ling (alternative)
Yün-ling (alternative)
Yun Ling (alternative)

The great Himalayan chain which forms the southern boundary of its land of origin, is intercepted on the south-east confines of Tibet by a transverse mountain system, originating with the Yunling and allied ranges, and also forming the ultra-Indian peninsulas, by which the Hoangho is forced far north, and ultimately finds its way into the Gulf of Pecheli.

1876, A. R. McMahon, The Karens of the Golden Chersonese, London: Harrison, →OCLC, pages 1–2:

We have seen that SAUNDERS in this region has three tremendous ranges, more enormous than even those of Richthofen. He even goes so far as to make Himalaya continue uninterruptedly, to the N. E., and to make the Yunling Mountains of western China practically one and the same fold as the Himalaya.

1922, Sven Hedin, Southern Tibet, volume 7, Stockholm, →OCLC, page 332:

Topographically, the province is divided roughly into two major sections with the valleyland of the Yuanjiang River and the low-lying dale east of the Yunling Range as the demarcation line: the Hengduan Mountains are to the west and the Eastern Yunnan Plateau is to the east.

1992, Shunwu Zhou, “Yunnan Province”, in China Provincial Geography [中国分省地理], Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 386:

Black and white coloring, Mohican haircut, buxom lips and cute faces wearing a human smile, Yunnan golden monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti), also known as the black/black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys, roam in the rugged Yunling Range in southwestern Yunnan Province.

2021 November 12, Xinyi Song, “Endeavoring to protect golden monkeys”, in Shanghai Daily, archived from the original on 2021-11-15:

A mountain range in Yunnan, in southern China.


Lake Dian

Dian Lake (alternative)
Lake Tien (alternative)

The chapter will therefore range much more widely than the previous ones, to take in places and events as diverse as the bronzes cast near the shores of Lake Dian in Yunnan province in the south-west, and the Tagar culture in the Yenisei valley in southern Siberia.

1980, Jessica Rawson, “The Eastern Zhou”, in Ancient China: Art and Archaeology, London: Book Club Associates, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 133:

The 74-year-old strident campaigner has spent his life trying to protect the sprawling Lake Dian in southwestern China, challenging businesses to clean up their act around the local beauty spot and reporting those who pollute it.[…]But a plan to divert fresh water to Lake Dian from the Yangtze river 400 kilometres away will take years to complete.

2021 November 16, “'The water is poison': Chinese activist spends life protecting polluted lake”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2021-11-16:


Kunming Lake

Partial calque of Mandarin 昆明湖 (Kūnmíng Hú, literally “Kunming lake”).

partial calque

At Peking's Kunming Lake, processions of people swam between lines of crowded, flag‐bedecked boats accompanied by martial music on loudspeakers.

1974 July 17 [1974 July 16], “Chinese Take to Water To Mark Mao's Swim”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-09-15, page 13:

A lake in Beijing, China, on the grounds of the Summer Palace.


金水

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

From 金 ("Jin dynasty") + 水 ("water", "river", "stream").

(～區) Jinshui (a district of Zhengzhou, Henan, China)


Xicheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin Chinese 西城 (Xīchéng, literally “west city”).

The city of Peking has 85 neighborhoods, each with more than 50,000 residents (Luo, 1980). The Fengsheng Neighborhood in the Xicheng District of Peking, for example, has 14,136 families and 52,978 persons.

1983, Clifton W. Pannell, Laurence J. C. Ma, China: The Geography of Development and Modernization, V. H. Winston & Sons, →ISBN, page 85:

In Xixingsheng lane of the Xicheng District, more than 20 armed policemen were beaten up by mobs; some were badly injured, and the others’ whereabouts are unknown.

1989, Yi Mu, Mark V. Thompson, Crisis at Tiananmen: Reform and Reality in Modern China, San Francisco: China Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 229:

Xicheng The sector immediately west of the Forbidden City, Xicheng is the site of some of the most extensive old hutong (alleyway) neighborhoods left in Beijing.

2000, J. D. Brown, Beijing (Frommer's), Foster City, CA: IDG Books, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, →OL, page 36:

In Beijing, authorities ordered all cinemas closed until November 14 in the capital's Xicheng district, which lies west of Tiananmen Square and is home to over a million people.

2021 October 30, “China cracks down over 'serious' Covid outbreak”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2021-10-30:

A district in downtown Beijing, China, comprising the sections immediately west of the Forbidden City.


土城

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tʰou̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/tʰu³¹ saŋ¹¹/

/tʰɔ²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/tʰɔ²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/tʰɔ¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/tʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/tʰɔ²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tʰou̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/tʰu³¹ saŋ¹¹/

/tʰɔ²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/tʰɔ²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/tʰɔ¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/tʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/tʰɔ²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

a township in Wuxi County, Chongqing, China

(～鎮) Tucheng (a town in Fang, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Tucheng (a town in Wuxi, Chongqing, China, formerly a township)

(～鄉) Tucheng (a township in Dianjun district, Yichang, Hubei, China)


Dengzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 鄧州 /邓州 (Dèngzhōu).

Tengchow (alternative)
Teng-chou (alternative)

According to Ying Mingquan (director of the People’s Armed Forces Department of Dengzhou Municipality, Henan Province, and standing member of the Dengzhou Municipal Party Committee), a military standing member should play three roles: the role of publicist (xuanchuan yuan), the role of a military leader with local responsibilities (zhandou yuan), and the role of liaison (lianluo yuan).

2007, Civil-Military Relations in Today's China: Swimming in a New Sea, M.E.Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 120:

Zhang Haixin, 46, a farmer in Dengzhou, was arrested last November on charges of forging government documents, after years of quietly working to protect the land of villagers who felt they had nowhere else to turn.[…]
She helped postpone a land grab in her village by leading a group of petitioners to the cities of Dengzhou, Henan’s provincial capital Zhengzhou and even Beijing, starting in 2009.

2014 May 2, Mimi Lau, “Dengzhou villager creates fake but effective 'government office' to fight illegal land grabs”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-05-03, China:

A county-level city of Nanyang, Henan, China.

鄧州 /邓州

a county-level city in Nanyang, Henan, China


Teng-chou

From Mandarin 登州 (Dēngzhōu) Wade–Giles romanization: Têng¹-chou¹.

China now must pay another four million taels before Allied Forces will evacuate Tientsin and Teng-chou [in Shantung].[…]
Bruce to Prince Kung. Is going to send Acting Consul to Teng-chou: requests co-operation in selecting best port for foreign trade.

1983, J. Y. Wong, Anglo-Chinese relations, 1839-1860: A Calendar of Chinese Documents in the British Foreign Office Records, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 300, 309:

Obsolete form of Dengzhou, former name of Penglai: a district of Yantai, Shandong, China.


登州

→ English: Dengzhou, Tengchow

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Dengzhou (a historical prefecture of Shandong, China, whose capital was located in present-day Penglai)


Penglai

A romanization of Mandarin 蓬萊 /蓬莱 (Pénglái)

the Japanese development of the Chinese legend

Should the enemy land in the Penglai area (northeastern part of Shantung Peninsula) part of the 12th Independent Garrison Unit will oppose it.

1956 August, Army Operations in China January 1944 - August 1945, Eighth United States Army, page 210:

Born in Penglai, on the coast of Shandong, in 1888, Miss Pruitt grew up in an inland village where for many years hers was the only Western family.

1985 August 11, Robert D. McFadden, “IDA PRUITT, 96, WHO FOSTERED FRIENDSHIP WITH THE CHINESE”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-24, Section 1, page 36:

In 1956 the government deprivatized all small businesses. The Penglai District collectivized the pig's head meat sellers into one production team.

1996, Guanlong Cao, “Pigs' Heads”, in Guanlong Cao, Nancy Moskin, transl., The Attic: Memoir of a Chinese Landlord's Son, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 59:

A district of Yantai, in eastern Shandong, China (famous for its mirages out at sea), formerly known as Tengchow and since renamed for a mythical island.


西湖

→ English: West Lake (calque)

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ wuː²¹/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɔ¹³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ²³/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ wuː²¹/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɔ¹³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ²³/

; “West Lake (in Hangzhou)”
; “Xihu District, Hangzhou”

West Lake (a lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)

(～區) Xihu (a district of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)

(～社區) Xihu (a residential community in Zhicheng, Yidu, Yichang, Hubei, China)

Slender West Lake
Slender West Lake#English

(inexact) synonym of 瘦西湖 (Shòuxīhú), Slender West Lake (a lake in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China)


West Lake

Calque of Chinese 西湖 (Xī Hú, literally “west lake”)

calque

Marco Polo, the Venetian traveller, who visited China about the year 1200, speaks of it, as "pre-eminent above all other cities in the world, in point of grandeur and beauty, as well as from its abundant delights, which might lead an inhabitant to imagine himself in paradise;" and in another place describing Si-wu or West Lake, an artificial sheet of water just without the city wall, he says: "All around the lake are beautiful palaces and houses, so wonderfully built that nothing can possibly surpass them; they belong to the great and noble men of the city. In the middle of the lake are two islands, on one of which stands a palace so wonderfully adorned that it seems worthy of belonging to the emperor."

1869, Helen S. C. Nevius, Our Life in China, New York: Robert Carter and Brothers, →OCLC, page 129:

One of the few ancient relics of the original Monastery is to be found within, the Lo Han Pagoda, with its marvelous carvings of sixteen Lo Han. These sixteen Lo Han are one of the three great wonders or glories of Hangchow, the other two being the West Lake and the River Bore.

1922, Robert F. Fitch, “The Fifth Itinerary”, in Hangchow Itineraries, Kelly & Walsh, →OCLC, page 33:

HANGCHOW, China, Feb. 26 (UPI)—President Nixon and Premier Chou En‐lai strolled through picturesque gardens of cameiias, pansies and magnolias today then went boating on West Lake, one of China's leading scenic attractions.

1972 February 27, “Nixon and Chou Stroll and Go Boating in Hangchow”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-07-04, page 30:

Hangchow cuisine can be summed up with the phrase "southern ingredients, northern style" (南菜北烹). This means that the varieties of fish, shrimp, and other crustaceans in Hangchow's much-celebrated historic West Lake are prepared in northern-style, sweet and sour-based flavors.

2001 September 28, Sen-lun Yu, “Restaurant of the week: Tien Hsiang Lo (天香樓)”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-02-24, Features, page 10:

A former imperial capital famed for its West Lake and surrounding temples, Hangzhou has lately grown famous as the hometown of internet commerce giant Alibaba.

2021 August 22, “Top official in eastern China’s Hangzhou under investigation”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-08-22:

(inexact) Synonym of Slender West Lake, a lake in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.


太湖

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xu³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ wuː²¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xu³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ wuː²¹/

(～縣) Taihu (a county of Anqing, Anhui, China)


Lake Tai

Partial calque from Mandarin 太湖 (Tài Hú, “the Great Lake”).

SOUTCHEOU, a city of the firſt rank, in the province of Kiangnan, in China, beautifully and agreeably ſituated on a river which communicates with the Lake Tai.

1801, John Walker, The Universal Gazetteer, 3rd edition, London, →OCLC, page https://archive.org/details/universalgazette00walk_0/page/n775/:

The village chosen for my investigation is called Kaihsienkung, locally pronounced kejiug’on. It is situated on the south-east bank of Lake Tai, in the lower course of the Yangtze River and about eighty miles west of Shanghai.

1939, Hsiao-tung (費孝通) Fei, 江村經濟 [Peasant Life in China], London: George Routledge and Sons, →OCLC, →OL, pages 9–10:

At Lake Tai on the border of the wealthy coastal provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, water levels hit 4.49 metres on Wednesday, 0.69 metres above the official warning level, according to government data.[…]
Though still short of the 4.97-metre record set in 1999, Lake Tai is on the rise. Nearby Shanghai is already taking precautions, opening its sluice gates to discharge excess floodwaters.

2020 July 15, David Stanway, “Residents at China's giant lake unfazed as rainfall breaks records”, in Giles Elgood, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-15, Environment:

a large freshwater lake west of Shanghai in eastern China


Chang'an

From the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 長安 /长安 (Cháng'ān).

Ch'ang-an (alternative)
Changan (alternative)

The Chinese government started laying intercity high-speed track in 2005, and today, its network is the longest and most heavily relied upon of any nation’s. Six hours are enough to devour the over 900 miles from Shanghai to Xi’an, the landlocked capital of Shaanxi Province in China’s central northwest, standing on the bones of the imperial city of Chang’an. In the seventh and eighth centuries A.D., this was the center of not only China but the globe — the eastern origin of the trade routes we call the Silk Road and the nexus of a cross-cultural traffic in ideas, technology, art and food that altered the course of history as decisively as the Columbian Exchange eight centuries later. A million people lived within Chang’an’s pounded-earth walls, including travelers and traders from Central, Southeast, South and Northeast Asia and followers of Buddhism, Taoism, Zoroastrianism, Nestorian Christianity and Manichaeism. All the while, Shanghai was a mere fishing village, the jittery megapolis of the future not yet a ripple on the face of time.

2020 May 11, Ligaya Mishan, “Eating in Xi’an, Where Wheat and Lamb Speak to China’s Varied Palette”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-05-11:

At the height of its prominence during the Tang dynasty (618-907), Xi’an, then known as Chang’an, was one of the world’s largest and most populous cities, although its history actually stretches back more than 6,500 years to the Neolithic period.[…]
Since Han dynasty diplomat Zhang Qian blazed a trail westward from Chang’an more than 2,000 years ago, trade and traditions from around the world have flowed along the Silk Road, shaping Xi’an’s uniquely cosmopolitan culture.

2020 September 29, The Information Office of Xi'an Municipal Government, “Spellbinding Xi`an: Where Ancient and Modern Collide”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2020-11-11, Paid Content:

(historical) An ancient capital of various Chinese empires, located within present-day Xi'an.

長安 /长安

Xi'an as a former imperial Chinese capital — see also Xi'an

This aerial photo shows the site of the mud slide in Weiziping Village of Luanzhen Township on the outskirts of Chang’an District, Xi’an of northwest China’s Shaanxi Province 12 August 2023.[…]
The landslide occurred on Friday night in Weiziping village in Chang’an district shortly after heavy rains and floods in the province.
Two houses in Chang’an were washed away and nearby roads, bridges, power supply facilities were damaged.

2023 August 13, “At least 4 dead after landslide in north China’s Xi’an”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2023-11-19:

A district and former county of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.


Taiye Lake

From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese 太液池 (Tàiyèchí) (Tàiyèchí, "Great Flowing Pond").

Lake Taiye (alternative)
T'ai-yeh Lake (alternative)

the emperor and his family live on an island in the Taiye Lake, which is all that remains of the Jin city

2008, Richard Platt, Beijing, Kingfisher, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 16:

one of several artificial lakes located in the imperial Chinese gardens of Chang'an and Beijing


Yan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 燕 (Yān).


Qi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 祁 (Qí).


Qi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 淇 (Qí).

Opposition to Yüeh’s regime was not limited to Ying-yang. In Ch’i County, located about 120 kilometers to the east, Red Spear resistance was even more pronounced.[…]The richest county in Honan, Ch'i had a long history of tax resistance.

[1980, Elizabeth J. Perry, “The Red Spears”, in Rebels and Revolutionaries in North China, 1845-1945, Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 164:

Three communes in Qi county, also in the heart of the plain in north-eastern Henan, have a total of 334 joint-household enterprises involving 1771 households, 6.6% of all households (Ma Renping 1981a).

1985, Frank Leeming, Rural China Today, Longman, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 95:


Wei

A river in China, a tributary of the Yellow River.


鄂城

→ English: Echeng, Ocheng, O-ch'eng

/ˀɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

/ˀɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Echeng (a district of Ezhou, Hubei, China)


禮縣

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lɐi̯¹³ jyːn²²/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lɐi̯¹³ jyːn²²/

Li County (a county of Longnan, Gansu, China)


ئۈرۈمچى

head

ئۈرۈمچى • (ürümchi)

ürümchi (romanization)
ئۈرۈمچى (impersonal nominative)
ئۈرۈمچىلەر (impersonal nominative)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭ (genitive impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭ (genitive impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىنى (accusative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنى (accusative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىگە (dative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرگە (dative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىدە (impersonal locative)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردە (impersonal locative)
ئۈرۈمچىدىن (ablative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىن (ablative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكى (impersonal locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكى (impersonal locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىدىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىگىچە (impersonal limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرگىچە (impersonal limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىدەك (impersonal locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلەردەك (impersonal locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىچىلىك (equative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىچە (equative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرچىلىك (equative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرچە (equative impersonal)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكى (impersonal representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكى (impersonal representative)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلەرنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىم (first-person nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىم (first-person nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭ (first-person genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭ (first-person genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمنى (accusative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنى (accusative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمگە (dative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمگە (dative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمدە (first-person locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدە (first-person locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىن (ablative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىن (ablative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكى (first-person locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكى (first-person locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمدىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمگىچە (first-person limitative locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمگىچە (first-person limitative locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمدەك (first-person locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمدەك (first-person locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمچىلىك (equative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمچە (equative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمچىلىك (equative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمچە (equative first-person singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكى (first-person representative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكى (first-person representative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىز (first-person nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىز (first-person nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭ (first-person genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭ (first-person genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنى (accusative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنى (accusative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزگە (dative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزگە (dative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدە (first-person locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدە (first-person locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىن (ablative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىن (ablative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكى (first-person locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكى (first-person locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزگىچە (first-person limitative locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزگىچە (first-person limitative locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزدەك (first-person locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزدەك (first-person locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزچىلىك (equative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزچە (equative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزچىلىك (equative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزچە (equative first-person plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكى (first-person plural representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكى (first-person plural representative)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىمىزنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىمىزنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭ (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭ (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭدەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭدەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلار (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلار (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلاردەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلاردەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭلارنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭلارنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىز (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىز (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزدەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزدەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلار (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلار (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلاردەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلاردەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىڭىزلارنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىڭىزلارنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدىكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدىكىچە (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىگىچە (limitative locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىسىدەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىدەك (locative-qualitative)
ئۈرۈمچىسىچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىسىچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىچىلىك (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىچە (equative)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكى (representative)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكى (nominative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكى (nominative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىنىڭ (genitive plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىنى (accusative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىنى (accusative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىگە (dative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىگە (dative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىدە (locative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدە (locative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىدىن (ablative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدىن (ablative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدىكى (locative-qualitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىگىچە (limitative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىگىچە (limitative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىدەك (singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىدەك (plural)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىچىلىك (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىسىنىڭكىچە (equative singular)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىچىلىك (equative plural)
ئۈرۈمچىلىرىنىڭكىچە (equative plural)

desc

→ English: Urumchi, Ürümchi, Urumqi, Ürümqi, Urumtsi

Ürümqi, Ürümchi (a prefecture-level city, the capital of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


龍山

/lʊŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san³³/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san³³/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

(～鎮) Longshan (a town in Zhangqiu district, Jinan, Shandong, China, where the Longshan culture was discovered)

(～縣) Longshan (a county of Xiangxi prefecture, Hunan, China)

(～區) Longshan (a district of Liaoyuan, Jilin, China)

(～鎮) Longshan (a town in Danjiangkou, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


龍山

龍山鎮: Longshan (a town in Zhangqiu district, Jinan, Shandong, China), where the Longshan culture was discovered


Longshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 龍山 /龙山 (Lóngshān) (Lóngshān, lit. "Dragon Mountain")

Lung-shan (alternative)
Lung Shan (alternative)
Mount Long (alternative)
Mount Lung (alternative)

Various placenames in China and Taiwan
A district of Liaoyuan, Jilin, China.

Among the specific incidents the report cites was one in Xinning County, Hunan Province, where a resisting farmer cut off the ear of a township party official trying to collect fees. In Longshan County, also in Hunan, two officials died in a clash with protesters.

2001 June 3, Erik Eckholm, “China's Inner Circle Reveals Big Unrest, and Lists Causes”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27, Section 1, page 14:

Various placenames in China and Taiwan
A county of Xiangxi, Hunan, China.


Longshan

From the pinyin romanization of Mandarin 隴山 /陇山 (Lǒngshān).


Longxi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 隴西 /陇西 (Lǒngxī).

In early 1971 we received a box of fossils and a letter from a worker at an alcohol plant in Lunghsi county, Kansu province.

[1973 November, Chen Chang, “Fossils Sent from Across the Land”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXII, number 11, Peking, →OCLC, page 43, column 3:

Middle and primary schools in Lunghsi County, Fukien, have vigorously popularized part-time work and part-time study activities. Before liberation, Lunghsi County was very backward in education, but after liberation, particularly since the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, Lunghsi has made rapid progress in education.

[1975 October 7 [1975 September 4], “Fukien County Schools Combine Study, Work Activity”, in Translations on People's Republic of China, number 320, United States Joint Publications Research Service, sourced from Peking NCNA Domestic Service, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, Political and Sociological, page 9:

I come from Longxi County in Gansu Province.

1997, Dongdong Dai, “Shepherd Girl”, in Howard Giskin, editor, Chinese Folktales, Lincolnwood, Illinois: NTC Publishing, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 54:

The launch marks Luoyang the first city to be featured in the iQIYI Chinese Historic City Universe (iCHCU), which, encompassing a variety of content drawing inspiration from Beijing, Guangzhou, Longxi county of Dingxi, Dunhuang, Nanjing, and other Chinese cities, aims to bridge between China’s local culture and iQIYI’s global audience.

2021 November 29, “iQIYI Debuts Original Series Luoyang Globally, As Part of Its IP Universe”, in AP News, PR Newswire, archived from the original on 2021-11-29:


Yanzi

Yen-tzu (alternative)
Yen-tse (alternative)
Yen-tze (alternative)

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 燕子 (Yànzǐ), meaning "swallow" (the bird).

A town in Hefeng, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China, formerly a township.


貴港

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³³ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³³ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

(～市) Guigang (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


Guigang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 貴港 /贵港 (Guìgǎng).

Early offerings--many of them packaged in sultry covers featuring buxom women in silk pajamas--were huge sellers. But when copycats and counterfeiters drove down margins, Chan switched to real estate, snapping up 200 acres of land in the city of Guigang and erecting dozens of office towers and residential developments. Among his most ambitious recent projects: a luxury Guigang housing complex dubbed "Wealthy Persons' New Town."[…]
Chan's business partners swear he's loaded, an assessment shared by some of Guangxi's most influential citizens.

2000 August 1, Clay Chandler, “A Golden Goose in Red China? Entrepreneur Bets Millions That Foie Gras Will Fatten Export Figures”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-08-28:

The site, however, is relatively close to Guigang, a city with a river port and waterway connections to the Pearl River Delta, one of the world’s most densely populated regions.

2018 May 10, Dominique Patton, “China's multi-story hog hotels elevate industrial farms to new levels”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2019-02-10, Business News:

A prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China.

貴港 /贵港

a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China


貴縣

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

(historical) Guixian, Gui County (a former county of Guangxi, China; now Guigang)


秦州

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Qinzhou (a district of Tianshui, Gansu, China)


Qinzhou

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 秦州 (Qínzhōu).

Tsinchow (alternative)
Ch'in-chou (alternative)

Qincheng (now called Qinzhou) District Court, in Gansu Province's Tianshui City, in Northwestern China, also saw high numbers of counterrevolutionary trials during the early 1950s.

2018, William Hurst, “Law and Revolution: Mobilizational Justice and Charismatic Politics”, in Ruling Before the Law: The Politics of Legal Regimes in China and Indonesia (Cambridge Studies in Law and Society), Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 109:

A district in modern Tianshui, Gansu, China.


Qinzhou

Yamchow (alternative)
Ch'in-chou (alternative)

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 欽州 /钦州 (Qīnzhōu).

A businessman in the southwestern region of Guangxi has pleaded guilty to charges of killing and eating at least three tigers last year, the state-run news agency Xinhua reported.
Prosecutors in the city of Qinzhou said the defendant, identified only as Mr. Xu, “has a quirky appetite for eating tiger penis and drinking tiger blood,” Xinhua said.

2014 June 13, Shaojie Huang, “Businessman Guilty of Killing and Eating Tigers”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-07-12, Sinosphere:

U.S. remote-control maker Universal Electronics Inc (UEIC.O) told Reuters it struck a deal with authorities in Xinjiang to transport hundreds of Uyghur workers to its plant in the southern Chinese city of Qinzhou, the first confirmed instance of an American company participating in a transfer program described by some rights groups as forced labor.

2021 October 8, Cate Cadell, “EXCLUSIVE US electronics firm struck deal to transport and hire Uyghur workers”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-10-07:


天水

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

(～市) Tianshui (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)

(～郡) (historical) Tianshui (a commandery ancient China)


Մանջուրիա

head

Մանջուրիա • (Manǰuria)

hy-proper noun

Մանջուրիա • (Manǰuria)

Manǰuria (romanization)
Մանջուրիա (nominative singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայի (dative singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայում (locative singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մանջուրիայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Մանջուրիաներ

Մանջուրիաները / Մանջուրիաներն

Մանջուրիային

Մանջուրիաների

Մանջուրիաներին

Մանջուրիայից

Մանջուրիաներից

Մանջուրիայով

Մանջուրիաներով

Մանջուրիայում

Մանջուրիաներում

Մանջուրիաներս

Մանջուրիայիս

Մանջուրիաներիս

Մանջուրիայիցս

Մանջուրիաներիցս

Մանջուրիայովս

Մանջուրիաներովս

Մանջուրիայումս

Մանջուրիաներումս

Մանջուրիաներդ

Մանջուրիայիդ

Մանջուրիաներիդ

Մանջուրիայիցդ

Մանջուրիաներիցդ

Մանջուրիայովդ

Մանջուրիաներովդ

Մանջուրիայումդ

Մանջուրիաներումդ

[mɑnd͡ʒúɾjɑ]

[mɑnt͡ʃʰúɾjɑ]

Ման ջու րի ա

Manchuria (a historical region of northeastern China comprising the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang and the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia)


Hankou

From the Mandarin 漢口 /汉口 (Hànkǒu, “Mouth of the Han River”).

bor

Hankow (alternative)
Han-k'ou (alternative)
Hankhow (alternative)

Marcia Aldrich Thompson was born on Oct. 2, 1923, in the Central Chinese city of Hankou (now part of Wuhan) where her father, Newell, was an executive with the Standard Oil Company of New York.

2018 April 10, Sam Roberts, “Marcia Thompson, Prudent Promoter of the Arts, Dies at 94”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-04-11, Obituaries:

Authorities in Wuhan, the epicenter of China's outbreak and location of the majority of its deaths, quickly identified the funeral business as a potential source of transmission.
The local civil affairs bureau in late January ordered all funerals for confirmed COVID-19 victims to be handled at a single funeral home in the city's Hankou district.

2020 March 19, Angelo Amante, Parisa Hafezi, Hayoung Choi, Elisa Anzolin, Emilio Parodi, David Stanway, Joan Faus, Padraic Halpin, Emma Farge, Kate Kelland, Dan Williams in Jerusalem, Andrew RC Marshall, “'There are no funerals:' Death in quarantine leaves nowhere to grieve”, in Sara Ledwith, Jason Szep, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2024-05-18, World:

A former city and treaty port; since 1949 an area in the city of Wuhan, Hubei, China, split among the districts of Jiang'an, Jianghan and Qiaokou.


Հենան

Henan (romanization)
Հենան (nominative singular singular-only)
Հենանի (dative singular singular-only)
Հենանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հենանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հենանում (locative singular singular-only)
Հենանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հենանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հենանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հենանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հենանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հենանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հենանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հենանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հենանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հենանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հենանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հենանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հենանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հենանը / Հենանն

Հենանները / Հենաններն

Հենաններումս

Հենաններումդ


Հուբեյ

head

Հուբեյ • (Hubey)

hy-proper noun

Հուբեյ • (Hubey)

Hubey (romanization)
Հուբեյ (nominative singular singular-only)
Հուբեյի (dative singular singular-only)
Հուբեյից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հուբեյով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հուբեյում (locative singular singular-only)
Հուբեյը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հուբեյն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հուբեյին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հուբեյս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հուբեյիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հուբեյիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հուբեյովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հուբեյումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հուբեյդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հուբեյիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հուբեյիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հուբեյովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հուբեյումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հուբեյը / Հուբեյն

Հուբեյները / Հուբեյներն

Հուբեյներում

Հուբեյներիցս

Հուբեյներովս

Հուբեյներումս

Հուբեյներիցդ

Հուբեյներովդ

Հուբեյներումդ


二里頭

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

(～村) Erlitou (a village in Yanshi district, Luoyang, Henan, China), site of the Erlitou culture, sometimes identified with the Xia dynasty


富裕

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/fuː³³ jyː²²/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ lu³³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ zu³³/

/pu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/pu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/fuː³³ jyː²²/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ lu³³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ zu³³/

/pu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/pu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

(～街道) Fuyu Subdistrict (a subdistrict of Jilin, China)


富裕

Adapted from the name of the Wuyu'er River (乌裕尔河) in its territory. The name―alternatively written as Wu-yu(-er), Hu-yu(-er), Fu-yu(-er), Pu-yu throughout history―came from the Jurchen language, meaning “a low-lying area”.

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/fuː³³ jyː²²/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ lu³³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ zu³³/

/pu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/pu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/fuː³³ jyː²²/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ lu³³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zu²²/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ zu³³/

/pu²¹⁻⁵³ lu²²/

/pu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁴¹/

(～縣) Fuyu County (a county of Heilongjiang, China)

(～鎮) Fuyu Town (a town in Fuyu County, Heilongjiang, China)


二里崗

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～村) Erligang (a village in Henan, China), site of the Bronze-Age Erligang culture


半坡

/pän⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/pän⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

(～村) Banpo (a village in Shaanxi, China), site of the Banpo culture or the Banpo phase (c. 7th millennium BC) of the Yangshao culture


大有

/tä⁵¹ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² jɐu̯¹³/

/da²² ɦiɤ⁴⁴/

/du²² ɦiɤ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² jɐu̯¹³/

/da²² ɦiɤ⁴⁴/

/du²² ɦiɤ⁴⁴/

(～鎮) Dayou (a town in Xiangshui, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China)


天長

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Tianchang (a county-level city of Chuzhou, Anhui, China)


Jincheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 晉城／晋城 (Jìnchéng).

Kincheng (alternative)
Chincheng (alternative)
Chin-ch'eng (alternative)

/d͡ʒɪnˈt͡ʃɛŋ/

/d͡ʒinˈt͡ʃʌŋ/

A sprawling, mountainous administrative region in the south of Shanxi province, Jincheng is still dominated by coal. Though many pits have been shut, the craggy landscape bears the scars of decades of excessive mining.

2018 November 26, David Stanway, Joseph Campbell, Muyu Xu, Shanghai newsroom, “Smog war casualty: China coal city bears brunt of pollution crackdown”, in Philip McClellan, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-11-27, World News:

The man, surnamed Chai, from Jincheng city in Shanxi province, was outraged after he discovered the abandoned little puppy, according to Toutiao News.

2022 October 31, Liya Su, “Heartwarming tales of man’s best friend: dog finds way home after 6 years, canine’s face scanned to open gate, puppy wrapped in plastic bag rescued”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-10-31, People & Culture:

A prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China.


Cantão

[kɐ̃ˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

From Mandarin 廣東 /广东 (Guǎngdōng). Compare Spanish Cantón, English Canton, French Canton, Italian Canton, Russian Кантон (Kanton).

Canton (alternative obsolete)
Quãtão (alternative obsolete)
Quantão (alternative obsolete)
Quanton (alternative obsolete)
Quan-ton (alternative obsolete)
Quang-Ton (alternative obsolete)
Quang-Tong (alternative obsolete)
Quang-tong (alternative obsolete)
Quan-tong (alternative obsolete)
Quantong (alternative obsolete)
Quantung (alternative obsolete)
Cuantung (alternative obsolete)
Cuan-tung (alternative obsolete)
Kuang-Tong (alternative obsolete)
Kuangtong (alternative obsolete)
Kuan-Tong (alternative obsolete)
Kuantung (alternative obsolete)
Kuangtung (alternative obsolete)
Kwangtung (alternative obsolete)
Kwang-tung (alternative obsolete)
Kwan-tung (alternative obsolete)
Kwantung (alternative obsolete)

Guangzhou (a major prefecture-level city and port, the capital and largest city of Guangdong, in southeastern China)

Guangdong (a populous province of China, located on the southern coast)


Caxemira

Ultimately from Sanskrit कश्मीर (kaśmīra). Doublet of casimira.

Kashmir (a contested geographic region of South Asia in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) India, Pakistan and China)


Շանհայ

head

Շանհայ • (Šanhay)

hy-proper noun

Շանհայ • (Šanhay)

Šanhay (romanization)
Շանհայ (nominative singular singular-only)
Շանհայի (dative singular singular-only)
Շանհայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Շանհայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Շանհայում (locative singular singular-only)
Շանհայը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Շանհայն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Շանհային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Շանհայս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Շանհայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Շանհայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Շանհայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Շանհայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Շանհայդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շանհայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շանհայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շանհայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շանհայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Շանհայը / Շանհայն

Շանհայները / Շանհայներն

Շանհայներում

Շանհայներիցս

Շանհայներովս

Շանհայներումս

Շանհայներիցդ

Շանհայներովդ

Շանհայներումդ

Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


Lassa

Lhasa (the capital city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


Mongólia Interior

Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia#English:_Q41079

Inner Mongolia (a Mongolian autonomous region of China)


Nanquim

Nanjing (a major city, the provincial capital of Jiangsu, China)


Sinquião

Xinjiang (a Uyghur autonomous region of China, located in the sparsely populated northwest)


Xangai

Shanghai (alternative)
Shangai (alternative)


Xingjiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 興江／兴江 (Xīngjiāng).

/ʃɪŋˈd͡ʒ(i)æŋ/

A township in Xingguo, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.


Demchok

A village in Zhaxigang, Gar, Ngari, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.


Line of Actual Control

Thousands of soldiers have been facing off since April on the Line of Actual Control (LAC), or the de facto border, including at the glacial Pangong Tso lake.

2021 February 21, Sanjeev Miglani, Yew Lun Tian, “Hundreds protest S.China project over pollution worries”, in Giles Elgood, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-10-11:

For decades, India and China have been locked in a bitter dispute along a 2,100-mile border known as the Line of Actual Control. Indian defense officials say that Chinese military forces have been increasingly laying claim to territories that have long been under India’s control.[…]
India’s Army said in a statement on Monday that troops from each side had disengaged from the Line of Actual Control, which is patrolled by soldiers from both countries.

2022 December 13, Sameer Yasir, Emily Schmall, “Indian and Chinese Soldiers Again Trade Blows at Disputed Border”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-12-13, Asia Pacific:

However, a major sore point in Indo-Chinese relations remains an ongoing standoff at the countries' de facto border, the Line of Actual Control (LAC), in the Himalayas, which analysts say is indicative of a larger rivalry.

2023 August 23, Wesley Rahn, Murali Krishnan, Yuchen Li, “BRICS: Can China and India overcome differences at summit?”, in Shamil Shams, editor, Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2023-08-24, Politics:

The line which separates the Indian-administered union territory of Ladakh from Chinese-administered territory of Aksai Chin.


Trans-Karakoram Tract

A closer look at the foreign-occupied Indian state of Jammu- Kashmir reveals some unsettling coincidences. The Chinese control the Aksai Chin portion. The Pakistanis control Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas. They ceded the Trans-Karakoram Tract (along the northern frontier of Gilgit-Baltistan agency) to the PRC in 1963. It was in those Northern Areas that the Taliban reinforcement route and al-Qaeda base camp were reported in 2001 and 2002, respectively. (Refer back to Map 7.4.)

2007, H. John Poole, Dragon Days: Time for "Unconventional" Tactics, Illustrated, Posterity Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 129:

And what would Middleton tell him—the truth? That he believed Chernayev and a great many other Russians saw an arms race on the subcontinent as inevitable. Worse, that China, before that arms race proceeded much further, would invade Kashmir from its own controlled areas in Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract, doing so for the water, contriving some pretext for the offensive such as protecting an otherwise expendable ethnic minority.

2009, The Copper Bracelet, published 2010, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 164:

The Aksai Chin region, forming nearly one-sixth of the area of Jammu and Kashmir, is controlled by China, which has no intention of relinquishing its jurisdiction. The same is true of the Trans-Karakoram Tract, part of the pre-1947 state which Islamabad transferred to China as stipulated in the 1963 Sino-Pakistani border agreement.

2012, Dilip Hiro, Apocalyptic Realm: Jihadists in South Asia, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 289:

Greater Kashmir (also known as the Princely State of Kashmir and Jammu) includes territories administered by India, Pakistan and China. In the west are the provinces of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan; to the north and east are Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract; and the south and central parts are the regions of Jammu, the Kashmir Valley and Ladakh. Historically nomads, traders and the population at large could move back and forth across Kashmir (and beyond) at will. This mobility ended with the solidification of borders following conflicts between India and Pakistan, and India and China, in the 20th century (see History, page 14), and Kashmir has been fractured ever since.

2014, Sophie Lovell-Hoare, Max Lovell-Hoare, Kashmir (Bradt Guides), →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 3:

A geographic area along both sides of the Shaksgam River which is de facto administered as part of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China, but which was claimed by Pakistan until 1963, and which is claimed by India (as part of Ladakh).


Mandschurei

Manchuria (a historical region of northeastern China comprising the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang and the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia)


ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪᠬᠣᠲᠠ

head

Улаанцав хот

ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪᠬᠣᠲᠠ • (ulaɣančabqota) (Cyrillic spelling Улаанцав хот)

mn-proper noun

Улаанцав хот

ulaɣančabqota (romanization)
Улаанцав хот (Cyrillic)
Улаанцав хот (alternative)

Ulanqab (a city in Inner Mongolia, China)


Улаанцав

head

Улаанцав • (Ulaancav) (Mongolian spelling ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ)

Ulaancav (romanization)
ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ (Mongolian)

Ulanqab (a city in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


汶川

/wən⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/wən⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Wenchuan (a county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China)


蘇州

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (蘇州):
* → Japanese: 蘇(そ)州(しゅう) (soshū)
* → Vietnamese: Tô Châu (蘇州)

desc

→ English: Suzhou, Su-chou, Soochow, Suchow, Suchou (obsolete)

→ Georgian: სუჭოუ (suč̣ou)

→ Lao: ຊູໂຈ (sū chō)

/su⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/su²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/su⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/su⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/su²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/su⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Suzhou (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)

(historical) Su (a former imperial prefecture in modern Jiangsu, China, surrounding the city)


吳縣

/u³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ŋ̍²¹ jyːn²²/

/u³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ŋ̍²¹ jyːn²²/

(historical) Wu County (a former county of Jiangsu, China)

(～市) (historical) Wuxian (a former county-level city of Jiangsu, China; now part of Suzhou, Jiangsu, China)


북경

Sino-Korean word from 북(北) (buk, “north”) + 경(京) (gyeong, “capital”).


Liao-ning

From the Wade-Giles romanization of its Mandarin 遼寧 /辽宁 (Liáoníng).

The strategic and naturally rich province of Liao-ning was turned into an under-supplied and severely mismanaged backwater. In an effort to make a name for himself and prove the efficacy of his leadership in the province, Mao Yuan-hsin fabricated a series of 'new events' in Liao-ning.

1978, Chi Hsin (research group), Teng Hsiao-ping: A Political Biography, Hong Kong: Cosmos Books, →OCLC, page 113:

(Chinese: Shen-Yang) Capital of China's province of Liao-ning, northeast on the Hun River, controlling north-south routes along the plain of south Manchuria.

2007, “Mukden”, in William R. Keylor, editor, Encyclopedia of the Modern World 1900 to the Present, volume II, Facts on File, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 883:

HUANG Tê-kung 黃得功 (T. 滸山, 虎山), d. 1645, June 15, Ming loyalist general, was a native of Kʻai-yüan, (Liao-ning), to which place his ancestors had moved from Ho-fei, Anhwei.

2010, Arthur W. Hummel Sr., editor, Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912), volume 1, Global Oriental, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 348:

(dated) Alternative form of Liaoning: A province in northeastern China.


Liao

A romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation of 僚 (Liáo)

Synonym of Rau, a people of southeastern China


橋頭

desc

→ English: Chiaotou, Ch'iao-t'ou, Ciaotou, Qiaotou

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/kʰiːu̯²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/kio²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/kio²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/kio¹³⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/kio²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/kiɤ²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/kʰiːu̯²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/kio²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/kio²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/kio¹³⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/kio²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/kiɤ²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/

(～鎮) Qiaotou (a town in Cixi, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China)

(～鎮) Qiaotou (a town in Dongguan, Guangdong, China)

(～村) Qiaotou (a village in Futian, Wushan, Chongqing, China)


曲尺

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³/

/t͡ɕʰyəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ t͡sʰəʔ²/

/kʰy²⁴ t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/

/kʰuoʔ²⁴⁻⁵³ ^((t͡sʰ-))ʒuɔʔ²⁴/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/kʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰioʔ⁵/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɤʔ³²/

/kʰøk̚³³ t͡sʰɪk̚³³/

/t͡ɕʰioʔ³³ t͡sʰaʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁴⁴ t͡sʰɑʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi̯əu̯¹³ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯əu̯¹³ t͡sʰz̩¹³/

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³/

/t͡ɕʰyəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ t͡sʰəʔ²/

/kʰy²⁴ t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/

/kʰuoʔ²⁴⁻⁵³ ^((t͡sʰ-))ʒuɔʔ²⁴/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/kʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰioʔ⁵/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɤʔ³²/

/kʰøk̚³³ t͡sʰɪk̚³³/

/t͡ɕʰioʔ³³ t͡sʰaʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁴⁴ t͡sʰɑʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi̯əu̯¹³ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯əu̯¹³ t͡sʰz̩¹³/

(～鄉) Quchi (a township in Wushan, Chongqing, China)

(～村) Quchi (a village in Quchi, Wushan, Chongqing, China)


Pu'er

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 普洱 (Pǔ'ěr). As the tea, shortened from Pu'er tea.

Puer (alternative also)
P'u-erh (alternative)
P'u-êrh (alternative)
Puerh (alternative)
Pu-erh (alternative)

An earthquake measuring 6.4 on the Richter scale struck Pu'er City, Yunnan Province, early last Sunday.

2007 June 8, “Earthquake kills three”, in Beijing Today, →OCLC, page 3:

In order to improve the quality of Pu'er Tea, Pu'er City strengthened the construction of ecological tea orchards bases.

2011, Xiaoxi Li, Jiancheng Pan, editors, China Green Development Index Report 2011, →ISBN, page 200:

Lancang Lahu Autonomous County is an autonomous county under the jurisdiction of Pu'er City in south-western Yunnan Province.

2018, Ralph E. Harbach, Culicipedia, CABI, →ISBN, page 206:

A prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China.


同仁

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/

/tɔŋ²³⁻³³ zin²³/

/tɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/

/tɔŋ²³⁻³³ zin²³/

/tɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Tongren (a county-level city and former county of Huangnan prefecture, Qinghai, China)


雲霄

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/huŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nieu⁵⁵/

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/huŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nieu⁵⁵/

/un²⁴⁻¹¹ sio⁴⁴/

/un¹³⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²⁴⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²³⁻³³ siɤ⁴⁴/

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/huŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nieu⁵⁵/

/un²⁴⁻¹¹ sio⁴⁴/

/un¹³⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²⁴⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²³⁻³³ siɤ⁴⁴/

(～縣) Yunxiao (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


濱海

/pin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ hai⁵²/

/pin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ hai⁵²/

(～新區) Binhai (a subprovincial district and state-level new area in Tianjin, China)


烏蘭察布

ㄨ ㄌㄢˊ ㄔㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄨ ㄌㄢˊ ㄔㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³ pou̯³³/

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³ pou̯³³/

(～市) Ulanqab (a prefecture-level city of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


渭城

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～區) Weicheng (a district of Xianyang, Shaanxi, China)


阿克蘇

→ English: Akesu, A-k'o-su

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

/aː³³ hɐk̚⁵ sou̯⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

/aː³³ hɐk̚⁵ sou̯⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu ᠠᡴᠰᡠ (aksu), from Middle Mongol ᠠᠭᠰᠤ (aɣsu), from Chagatai آقسُو (Āqsū), اکسو (Aksū). Compare Uyghur ئاقسۇ (aqsu), Written Oirat ᠠᡎᠰᡇ, Tibetan ཨག་སུ (ag su).

(～地區) Aksu (a prefecture of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～市) Aksu (a county-level city of Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


安吉

→ English: Anji, Anchi

/ˀän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵/

(～縣) Anji (a county of Huzhou, Zhejiang, China)


寶雞

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/po³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/po³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

(～市) Baoji (a prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, China)


徽州

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Huizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Anhui and Jiangxi, China)

(～區) Huizhou (a district of Huangshan, Anhui, China)


蒲團

/pʰu³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

(～鄉) Putuan (a township in Huarong district, Ezhou, Hubei, China)


大馬

/tä⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² maː¹³/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ be⁵²/

/tä⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² maː¹³/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ be⁵²/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Dama (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China, formerly a township)


Ŝanĥajo

From Mandarin 上海 (Shànghǎi, literally “Upon-the-Sea”).

bor

Shanghai (a municipality, the largest city in China)


Ŝanhajo

Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


來賓

/lɔːi̯²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piŋ³³/

/lɔːi̯²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piŋ³³/

(～市) Laibin (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


詔安

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sieu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡siou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/t͡siau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sieu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡siou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/t͡siau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

(～縣) Zhao'an (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)