Tehran

Diacriticless transliteration of Iranian Persian تِهران (tehrân), from Classical Persian تَهران (tahrān). See there for more.

translit

Teheran (alternative dated)
Tehrân (alternative)

Tehran Province, one of 31 provinces in Iran.


Kurdistan

Kurdistan
Kurdistan Province
Kurdistan Region
Kurds in Turkey#Central Anatolia
Kurds of Khorasan

Either from Northern Kurdish Kurdistan or from Classical Persian کُرْدِسْتَان (kurdistān), equivalent to Kurd + -i- + -stan.

cog

کُرْدِسْتَان

(by extension) A province in northwestern Iran, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region.


Kurdistan

de-proper noun

Kurdistan n (proper noun, genitive Kurdistans or (optionally with an article) Kurdistan)

Kurdistans (genitive)
Kurdistan (genitive with-article)

(by extension) Kurdistan (a province in northwestern Iran, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


Kurdistan

K’urdistan (canonical feminine)
کوردستان (Arabic)
Kurdistan (nominative singular)
Kurdistana (construct singular)
Kurdistanê (oblique singular)
wê Kurdistanê (singular)
Kurdistanê (singular vocative)
Kurdistanek (nominative singular)
Kurdistaneke (construct singular)
Kurdistanekê (oblique singular)

/kʰʊɾdɪˈstɑːn/


Kurdistan

sh-proper noun

Kȕrdistan m (Cyrillic spelling Ку̏рдистан)

Kȕrdistan (canonical masculine)
Ку̏рдистан (Cyrillic)
Kurdistan (nominative singular)
Kurdistana (genitive singular)
Kurdistanu (dative singular)
Kurdistan (accusative singular)
Kurdistane (singular vocative)
Kurdistanu (locative singular)
Kurdistanom (instrumental singular)


Kürdistan

From Ottoman Turkish كوردستان (Kürdistan).


Тегеран

ky-prop

Тегеран • (Tegeran) (Arabic spelling تەگەران)

Tegeran (romanization)
تەگەران (Arabic)
Тегеран (nominative singular)
Тегерандын (genitive singular)
Тегеранга (dative singular)
Тегеранды (accusative singular)
Тегеранда (locative singular)
Тегерандан (ablative singular)
Тегераным (first-person nominative possessive singular)
Тегеранымдын (first-person genitive possessive singular)
Тегераныма (dative first-person possessive singular)
Тегеранымды (accusative first-person possessive singular)
Тегеранымда (first-person locative possessive singular)
Тегеранымдан (ablative first-person possessive singular)
Тегераның (informal nominative possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңдын (genitive informal possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңа (dative informal possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңды (accusative informal possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңда (informal locative possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңдан (ablative informal possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңыз (formal nominative possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңыздын (formal genitive possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңызга (dative formal possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңызды (accusative formal possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңызда (formal locative possessive second-person singular)
Тегераныңыздан (ablative formal possessive second-person singular)

Borrowed from Russian Тегера́н (Tegerán).


Тегеран

Teheran (romanization)
Тегеран (nominative singular)
Тегерану (genitive singular)
Тегерана (genitive singular)
Тегерану (dative singular)
Тегеран (accusative singular)
Тегераном (instrumental singular)
Тегерану (locative singular)
Тегеранє (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Техеран /Teheran, ultimately from Persian تِهران (tehrân).


Тегеран

ru-proper noun+

тегера́нский

Тегера́н • (Tegerán) m inan (genitive Тегера́на, relational adjective тегера́нский)

Тегера́н (canonical)
Tegerán (romanization)
Тегера́на (genitive)
тегера́нский (adjective relational)
Тегера́н (nominative singular)
Тегера́на (genitive singular)
Тегера́ну (dative singular)
Тегера́н (accusative singular)
Тегера́ном (instrumental singular)
Тегера́не (prepositional singular)
Тегера́нъ (alternative)

→ Kyrgyz: Тегеран (Tegeran)

[tʲɪɡʲɪˈran]


Тегеран

uk-proper noun

Тегера́н<sg>

тегера́нський

Тегера́н • (Teherán) m inan (genitive Тегера́на, uncountable, relational adjective тегера́нський)

Тегера́н (canonical)
Teherán (romanization)
Тегера́на (genitive)
тегера́нський (adjective relational)
Тегера́н (nominative singular)
Тегера́на (genitive singular)
Тегера́нові (dative singular)
Тегера́ну (dative singular)
Тегера́н (accusative singular)
Тегера́ном (instrumental singular)
Тегера́ну (locative singular)
Тегера́ні (locative singular)
Тегера́не (singular vocative)
Тегра́н (alternative)

uk-ndecl

Тегера́н<sg>


Teheran

Teheran (nominative singular)
Teheran (accusative nominative singular)
Teheranin (accusative genitive singular)
Teheranin (genitive singular)
Teherania (partitive singular)
Teheranissa (inessive singular)
Teheranista (elative singular)
Teheraniin (illative singular)
Teheranilla (adessive singular)
Teheranilta (ablative singular)
Teheranille (allative singular)
Teheranina (essive singular)
Teheraniksi (singular translative)
Teheranitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Teheranini (nominative singular)
Teheranini (accusative nominative singular)
Teheranini (accusative genitive singular)
Teheranini (genitive singular)
Teheraniani (partitive singular)
Teheranissani (inessive singular)
Teheranistani (elative singular)
Teheraniini (illative singular)
Teheranillani (adessive singular)
Teheraniltani (ablative singular)
Teheranilleni (allative singular)
Teheraninani (essive singular)
Teheranikseni (singular translative)
Teheranittani (abessive singular)
Teheranisi (nominative singular)
Teheranisi (accusative nominative singular)
Teheranisi (accusative genitive singular)
Teheranisi (genitive singular)
Teheraniasi (partitive singular)
Teheranissasi (inessive singular)
Teheranistasi (elative singular)
Teheraniisi (illative singular)
Teheranillasi (adessive singular)
Teheraniltasi (ablative singular)
Teheranillesi (allative singular)
Teheraninasi (essive singular)
Teheraniksesi (singular translative)
Teheranittasi (abessive singular)
Teheranimme (nominative singular)
Teheranimme (accusative nominative singular)
Teheranimme (accusative genitive singular)
Teheranimme (genitive singular)
Teheraniamme (partitive singular)
Teheranissamme (inessive singular)
Teheranistamme (elative singular)
Teheraniimme (illative singular)
Teheranillamme (adessive singular)
Teheraniltamme (ablative singular)
Teheranillemme (allative singular)
Teheraninamme (essive singular)
Teheraniksemme (singular translative)
Teheranittamme (abessive singular)
Teheraninne (nominative singular)
Teheraninne (accusative nominative singular)
Teheraninne (accusative genitive singular)
Teheraninne (genitive singular)
Teheranianne (partitive singular)
Teheranissanne (inessive singular)
Teheranistanne (elative singular)
Teheraniinne (illative singular)
Teheranillanne (adessive singular)
Teheraniltanne (ablative singular)
Teheranillenne (allative singular)
Teheraninanne (essive singular)
Teheraniksenne (singular translative)
Teheranittanne (abessive singular)
Teheraninsa (nominative singular)
Teheraninsa (accusative nominative singular)
Teheraninsa (accusative genitive singular)
Teheraninsa (genitive singular)
Teheraniaan (partitive singular)
Teheraniansa (partitive singular)
Teheranissaan (inessive singular)
Teheranissansa (inessive singular)
Teheranistaan (elative singular)
Teheranistansa (elative singular)
Teheraniinsa (illative singular)
Teheranillaan (adessive singular)
Teheranillansa (adessive singular)
Teheraniltaan (ablative singular)
Teheraniltansa (ablative singular)
Teheranilleen (allative singular)
Teheranillensa (allative singular)
Teheraninaan (essive singular)
Teheraninansa (essive singular)
Teheranikseen (singular translative)
Teheraniksensa (singular translative)
Teheranittaan (abessive singular)
Teheranittansa (abessive singular)

[ˈt̪e̞ɦe̞rɑ̝n]


Teheran

de-proper noun

Teheran n (proper noun, genitive Teherans or (optionally with an article) Teheran)

Teherans (genitive)
Teheran (genitive with-article)


Teheran

Teheran (nominative singular)
Teheranu (genitive singular)
Teheranowi (dative singular)
Teheran (accusative singular)
Teheranem (instrumental singular)
Teheranie (locative singular)
Teheranie (singular vocative)


Teheran

Tȅherān (canonical masculine)
Те̏хера̄н (Cyrillic)


Техеран

bg-proper noun

Техера́н • (Teherán)

Техера́н (canonical)
Teherán (romanization)


Техеран

mk-proper noun

Техеран • (Teheran) m (relational adjective техерански)

Teheran (romanization)
техерански (adjective relational)


Техеран

Те̏хера̄н (canonical masculine)
Tȅherān (romanization)


تهران

تِهْران (canonical)
tihrān (romanization)
tehrân (romanization)
طِهْران (alternative dated)
تِهْرون (alternative Tehrani colloquial)

[t̪ʰe̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰe̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰi.ɾɔ́ːn]

[t̪ʰeɦ.ɹɒ́ːn]

[t̪ʰeɦ.ɹɒ́ːn]

[t̪ʰeɦ.ɾɔ́n]

There are various theories pertaining to the origin of the name Tehran:
* One theory is that the word "Tehran" is derived from Tiran/Tirgan, "The Abode of Tir", a Zoroastrian deity. The ancient Parthian town of Tiran was a neighbour to the town of Mehran, "The Abode of Mihr", the Zoroastrian deity of light. Both of these were mere villages in the suburbs of the great city of ری (“Ray”).
* Another theory is that Tehran means "a warm place", opposed to Shemiran, a cooler district in northern Tehran.
* The official City of Tehran website claims that "Tehran" comes from the Persian words ته (tah, “end, bottom”) and ران (rân, “mountain slope”, literally “bottom of the mountain slope”). Given Tehran's geographic position at the bottom of the slope of the Alborz Mountains, this appears to be the most plausible explanation of the origin of the name of the city.

Tehran (one of 31 provinces in Iran Tehran Province,)


طهران

ar-proper noun

طَهْرَان • (ṭahrān) f

طَهْرَان (canonical)
ṭahrān (romanization)
طَهْرَان (definite diptote informal singular)
طَهْرَانُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
طَهْرَانَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
طَهْرَانَ (definite diptote genitive singular)


طهران

head

طهران • (tehrân)

fa-proper noun

طهران • (tehrân)

تهران تهران#Persian

(obsolete) alternative form of تهران (tehrân): Tehran (a province of Iran)


Թեհրան

head

Թեհրան • (Tʻehran)

hy-proper noun

Թեհրան • (Tʻehran)

Tʻehran (romanization)
Թեհրան (nominative singular singular-only)
Թեհրանի (dative singular singular-only)
Թեհրանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Թեհրանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Թեհրանում (locative singular singular-only)
Թեհրանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Թեհրանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Թեհրանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Թեհրանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Թեհրանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Թեհրանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Թեհրանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Թեհրանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Թեհրանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Թեհրանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Թեհրանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Թեհրանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Թեհրանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Թեհրանը / Թեհրանն

Թեհրանները / Թեհրաններն

Թեհրաններում

Թեհրաններիցս

Թեհրաններովս

Թեհրաններումս

Թեհրաններիցդ

Թեհրաններովդ

Թեհրաններումդ


گلستان

→ Gujarati: ગુલિસ્તાન (gulistān)

[ɡʊ.lɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[ɡʊ.lɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[ɡʊ.lɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]


Mazandaran

Borrowed from Persian مازندران (mâzandarân, literally “the gate or the valley of the giants”).


Mazandaran

Borrowed from Persian مازندران (mâzandarân).


Мазендеран

ru-proper noun+

Мазендера́н//Mazɛndɛrán

Мазендера́н • (Mazɛndɛrán) m inan (genitive Мазендера́на)

Мазендера́н (canonical)
Mazɛndɛrán (romanization)
Мазендера́на (genitive)
Мазендера́н (nominative singular)
Мазендера́на (genitive singular)
Мазендера́ну (dative singular)
Мазендера́н (accusative singular)
Мазендера́ном (instrumental singular)
Мазендера́не (prepositional singular)

Mazandaran (a province in northern Iran)

ru:Мазендеран


کردستان

[kʰʊɾ.d̪ɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[kʰʊɾ.d̪ɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[kʰʊɾ.d̪ɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

From کرد + ـستان.


کردستان

ur-proper noun

کُرْدِسْتان • (kurdistān) m (Hindi spelling कुर्दिस्तान)

کُرْدِسْتان (canonical)
kurdistān (romanization)
कुर्दिस्तान (Hindi)

کُرْ دِسْ تان

From کرد (Kurd) + ـستان (-istān, “land of...”), or possibly borrowed from Classical Persian کردستان (kurdistān).

bor+

قِبْرِص فِلِسْطِین اِسْرائِیل لِبْنان یَمَن عُمان مُتَّحِدَہ عَرَب اِمارات قَطَر بَحْرِین کُوَیت


یزد

From Middle Persian 𐭩𐭦𐭣𐭲𐭩 (yzdty /yazd/, “god, divinity”), from Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬙𐬀 (yazata, “yazata, (an entity that is) worthy of worship”).


Teherán

cs-proper noun

Teherán m inan (relational adjective teheránský, demonym Teheránec)

teheránský (adjective relational)
Teheránec (demonym)
Teherán (nominative singular)
Teheránu (genitive singular)
Teheránu (dative singular)
Teherán (accusative singular)
Teheráne (singular vocative)
Teheráně (locative singular)
Teheránu (locative singular)
Teheránem (instrumental singular)


Teherán

Teherán (nominative singular)
Teheránt (accusative singular)
Teheránnak (dative singular)
Teheránnal (instrumental singular)
Teheránért (causal-final singular)
Teheránná (singular translative)
Teheránig (singular terminative)
Teheránként (essive-formal singular)
Teheránban (inessive singular)
Teheránon (singular superessive)
Teheránnál (adessive singular)
Teheránba (illative singular)
Teheránra (singular sublative)
Teheránhoz (allative singular)
Teheránból (elative singular)
Teheránról (delative singular)
Teherántól (ablative singular)
Teheráné (singular)
Teheránéi (singular)
Teheránom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Teheránod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Teheránja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Teheránunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Teheránotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Teheránjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Teherán

sk-proper noun

Teherán m inan (genitive singular Teheránu, declension pattern of dub)

Teheránu (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)


کرمان

kirmān (romanization)
kermân (romanization)


فارس

head

فارس • (fârs)

fa-proper noun

فارس • (fârs)

Borrowed from Arabic فَارِس (fāris), from Middle Persian 𐭯𐭠𐭥𐭮𐭩 (Pārs), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (Pārsa).

استان فارس


Isfahan

Ultimately derived from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān), from Old Persian *spādānah (“army, adj.”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (spādaʰ, “army”), from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdah (“army”), q.v.

der+

Esfahan (alternative)
Ispahan (alternative)


Isfahan

Ispahan (alternative)
Esfahan (alternative)
Ispaã (alternative)
Ispaão (alternative)
Ispahã (alternative rare)
Ispahão (alternative rare)
Ispaan (alternative rare)
Isfahã (alternative rare)
Isfaã (alternative rare)
Isfaão (alternative rare)


Սպահան

Spahan (romanization)
Սպահան (nominative singular singular-only)
Սպահանի (dative singular singular-only)
Սպահանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Սպահանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Սպահանում (locative singular singular-only)
Սպահանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Սպահանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Սպահանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Սպահանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Սպահանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Սպահանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Սպահանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Սպահանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Սպահանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Սպահանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Սպահանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Սպահանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Սպահանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասպահան (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Սպահանը / Սպահանն

Սպահանները / Սպահաններն

Սպահաններում

Սպահաններիցս

Սպահաններովս

Սպահաններումս

Սպահաններիցդ

Սպահաններովդ

Սպահաններումդ


Քրդստան

head

Քրդստան • (Kʻrdstan)

hy-proper noun

Քրդստան • (Kʻrdstan)

Kʻrdstan (romanization)
Քրդստան (nominative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանի (dative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Քրդստանում (locative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Քրդստանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Քրդստանը / Քրդստանն

Քրդստանները / Քրդստաններն

Քրդստաններին

Քրդստաններից

Քրդստաններով

Քրդստաններում

Քրդստաններիս

Քրդստաններիցս

Քրդստաններովս

Քրդստաններումս

Քրդստաններիդ

Քրդստաններիցդ

Քրդստաններովդ

Քրդստաններումդ

[kʰəɾtʰəstɑ́n]


テヘラン

[te̞he̞ɾã̠ɴ]


Теҳрон

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Теҳрон • (Tehron) (Persian spelling تهران or طهران)

Tehron (romanization)
spelling تهران (Persian)
طهران (Persian)


德黑蘭

/tɤ³⁵ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ hɐk̚⁵ laːn²¹/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ lan¹³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³/

/tɤ³⁵ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ hɐk̚⁵ laːn²¹/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ lan¹³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³/


Qom

Borrowed from Iranian Persian قم (qom), from Classical Persian قم (qum).

Ghom (alternative)
Qum (alternative)
Q'um (alternative)


Esfahan

Alternative spelling of Isfahan:
A province of Iran


Esfahan

alternative form of Isfahan:
Isfahan (a province of Iran)


اصفهان

اصفهان • (isfahān /esfahân or isfihān /esfehân)

isfahān (romanization)
esfahân (romanization)
isfihān (romanization)
esfehân (romanization)
اصفهانم (first-person singular)
اصفهانیم (first-person plural)
اصفهانی (second-person singular)
اسپهان (alternative)
سپاهان (alternative)

[ʔɪs.fä.ɦɑ́ːn]

[ʔɪs.fä.ɦɑ́ːn]

[ʔɪs.fɑːɑ́ːn]

From earlier form, سپاهان (sipahān /sepahân) from Middle Persian [script needed] (spʾhʾn /Spāhān/) ultimately from Old Persian *spādānah (“connected with the army”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (s-p-a-d /spādaʰ/, “army”), from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdah (“army”); see there for further information.

اصفهانی

isfahānī / esfahâni or isfihānī / esfehâni


Исфаҳон

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Исфаҳон • (Isfahon) (Persian spelling اصفهان)

Isfahon (romanization)
spelling اصفهان (Persian)


Kurdisztán

Kurdisztán (nominative singular)
Kurdisztánt (accusative singular)
Kurdisztánnak (dative singular)
Kurdisztánnal (instrumental singular)
Kurdisztánért (causal-final singular)
Kurdisztánná (singular translative)
Kurdisztánig (singular terminative)
Kurdisztánként (essive-formal singular)
Kurdisztánban (inessive singular)
Kurdisztánon (singular superessive)
Kurdisztánnál (adessive singular)
Kurdisztánba (illative singular)
Kurdisztánra (singular sublative)
Kurdisztánhoz (allative singular)
Kurdisztánból (elative singular)
Kurdisztánról (delative singular)
Kurdisztántól (ablative singular)
Kurdisztáné (singular)
Kurdisztánéi (singular)
Kurdisztánom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Kurdisztánod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kurdisztánja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kurdisztánunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Kurdisztánotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kurdisztánjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


مازندران

مازندران • (mâzandarân)

fa-proper noun

مازندران • (mâzandarân)

[mɑː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[mɑː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[mɑː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[mɔː.zän̪.d̪ä.ɾɔ́ːn]

[mɒː.zæn̪.d̪æ.ɹɒ́ːn]

Literally, “the gate or the valley of the giants” from مازن (mâzan) + در (dar) + ـان (-ân), from Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀 (mazaⁱniia, “giant”). The name has been used in Shahnameh to refer to a land inhabited by divs (daevas) and sorcerers and is difficult to conquer. On the other hand, after Muslim invasion of Persia, the region of Tabaristan remained unconquered for a relatively long period of time, which was later called (and mistaken for) Mazandaran.

lit

استان مازندران

Mazandaran (a northern province of Iran)


Курдистан

ru-proper noun+

Курдиста́н • (Kurdistán) m inan (genitive Курдиста́на)

Курдиста́н (canonical)
Kurdistán (romanization)
Курдиста́на (genitive)
Курдиста́н (nominative singular)
Курдиста́на (genitive singular)
Курдиста́ну (dative singular)
Курдиста́н (accusative singular)
Курдиста́ном (instrumental singular)
Курдиста́не (prepositional singular)


Курдистан

Ку̏рдистан (canonical masculine)
Kȕrdistan (romanization)
Курдистан (nominative singular)
Курдистана (genitive singular)
Курдистану (dative singular)
Курдистан (accusative singular)
Курдистане (singular vocative)
Курдистану (locative singular)
Курдистаном (instrumental singular)


Ասպահան

Aspahan (romanization)
Ասպահան (nominative singular singular-only)
Ասպահանի (dative singular singular-only)
Ասպահանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Ասպահանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Ասպահանում (locative singular singular-only)
Ասպահանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ասպահանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ասպահանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Ասպահանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Ասպահանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ասպահանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ասպահանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Ասպահանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Ասպահանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասպահանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասպահանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասպահանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասպահանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Ասպահանը / Ասպահանն

Ասպահանները / Ասպահաններն

Ասպահաններին

Ասպահաններից

Ասպահաններով

Ասպահաններում

Ասպահաններիս

Ասպահաններիցս

Ասպահաններովս

Ասպահաններումս

Ասպահաններիդ

Ասպահաններիցդ

Ասպահաններովդ

Ասպահաններումդ

From Old Armenian Ասպահան (Aspahan); see it for more.

Սպահան Սպահան#Armenian

alternative form of Սպահան (Spahan):
Isfahan (a province of Iran)


თეირანი

teirani (romanization)
თეირანი (nominative singular)
თეირანმა (ergative singular)
თეირანს (dative singular)
თეირანს (dative singular)
თეირანსაs) (dative singular)
თეირანსაsa) (dative singular)
თეირანის (genitive singular)
თეირანის (genitive singular)
თეირანისაs) (genitive singular)
თეირანისაsa) (genitive singular)
თეირანით (instrumental singular)
თეირანით (instrumental singular)
თეირანითაt) (instrumental singular)
თეირანითაta) (instrumental singular)
თეირანად (adverbial singular)
თეირანად (adverbial singular)
თეირანადაd) (adverbial singular)
თეირანადაda) (adverbial singular)
თეირანო (singular vocative)
თეირანზე (singular)
თეირანთან (singular)
თეირანში (singular)
თეირანივით (singular)
თეირანისთვის (singular)
თეირანისებრ (singular)
თეირანისკენ (singular)
თეირანისგან (singular)
თეირანისადმი (singular)
თეირანიდან (singular)
თეირანითურთ (singular)
თეირანამდე (singular)


Bushehr

Booshehr (alternative)
Bushire (alternative)


Kurdistāna

Kurdistāna (nominative singular)
Kurdistānas (genitive singular)
Kurdistānai (dative singular)
Kurdistānu (accusative singular)
Kurdistānu (instrumental singular)
Kurdistānā (locative singular)
Kurdistāna (singular vocative)


قزوین

qazwīn (romanization)
ġazvin (romanization)

استان قزوین


Khuzestan

Borrowed from Iranian Persian خوزستان (xuzestân), from خوز (xuz), name of the indigenous people of the region, and the suffix ـستان (-estân, “-stan”), or borrowed wholly from Middle Persian hwcstʾn' / 𐭧𐭥𐭰𐭮𐭲𐭭 (Hūzestān, literally “land of Hūz”), itself from hwc (Hūz) + -stʾn' (-estān, “-stan”). The first component is from Old Persian 𐎢𐎺𐎩 (u-v-j /ʰūja-/, “Elam, Elamite”), or from the name of Susa. Compare Ancient Greek Οὔξιοι (Oúxioi), Classical Syriac ܒܝܬ ܗܘܙܝܐ (Bêṯ Hūzāyē), Old Armenian խուժ (xuž, “wild, savage”), Armenian խուժան (xužan, “mob”). The city name Ahvaz is also related. See Origin of the name Khuzestan for more.

der

Khūzestān (alternative)
Khuzistān (alternative)
Khouzestan (alternative)
Khoozestan (alternative)


قم

قُم (canonical)
qum (romanization)
قُم (definite informal singular triptote)
قُمٌ (definite nominative singular triptote)
قُمًا (accusative definite singular triptote)
قُمٍ (definite genitive singular triptote)


قم

qum (romanization)
ġom (romanization)
کنب (alternative obsolete)
کمب (alternative obsolete)
کم (alternative obsolete)
قنب (alternative obsolete)

→ Chagatai: قم

Uzbek: Qum

Dehkhoda Dictionary
Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute
Tarikh-i Qum
University of Tehran Press
fa:قم

Immediately from Arabic, since the city was founded by Arabs in 685 and because ق (q) does not occur in native Persian words. The 988 book History of Qum offers several etymologies:
* An Arabic corruption of Classical Persian کُومَه (kūma, “shed; hut”), since the site of the city was previously used by shepherds for shelter. This may be the most plausible.
* An Arabic corruption of the nearby Persian village of کُوب (kūb).
* From Arabic قُمْ (qum, “stand up!”, singular imperative of قَامَ (qāma, “to stand up”)), with various religious etymologies (e.g. because the Prophet Muhammad was ordered to "stand up" on the site of the city during his heavenly journey); these are obvious cases of folk etymology.
Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda claims that the alternative spellings کُنْب (kunb), کُمْب (kumb), and کُم (kum), which are attested in Classical Persian, are the original forms, and that قُم (qum) is an Arabicised derivative of them.

cog

singular imperative of <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar">قَامَ</i> (qāma, “to stand up”)


Kerman

Kermān (alternative)
Kirman (alternative)
Kirmān (alternative)
Karman (alternative)


زنجان

zanjān (romanization)
zanjân (romanization)

استان زنجان


Kermanshah

A province of Iran, formerly known as Bakhtaran and Kermanshahan.


Hamadan

From Persian همدان (hamadân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭧𐭬𐭲𐭠𐭭 (Ahmadān), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴 (Hagmatāna-). Doublet of Ecbatana; see that entry for more.

Hamadān (alternative)
Hamedan (alternative)
Hamedān (alternative)


Curdistão

[kuɦ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuɦ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuɾ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuʁ.d͡ʒiʃˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuɻ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]


Qum

Inherited from Chagatai قم, from Persian قم.


البرز

From Middle Persian hlbwlc (Harborz, “the mountain range surrounding the world”), from Old Persian *Harā Brzatī (“high mountain”), northwestern borrowing from Proto-Iranian *Harā Bṛzatī (Compare Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬁⸱𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬍 (harā.bər^əzaⁱtī, “a legendary mountain in Iranian mythology”)). Akin to English Elbrus.

cog

𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬁⸱𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬍


Alborz

From Persian البرز (alborz); see that entry for more. Doublet of Elbrus.

Alburz (alternative)
Elburz (alternative)
Elborz (alternative)


سمنان

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سمنان • (simnān /semnân) (Tajik spelling Симнон)

simnān (romanization)
semnân (romanization)
spelling Симнон (Tajik)


Yazd

From Persian یزد (yazd), see it for more.


Fars

Borrowed from Persian فارس (fârs), see it for more. Doublet of Persis.


Ispahan

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِسْپَهَان (ispahān).


آذربایجان شرقی

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آذربایجان شرقی • (âzarbâyjân-e šarqi)

fa-proper noun

آذربایجان شرقی • (âzarbâyjân-e šarqi)

[ʔɑː.zäɾ.bɑːj.d͡ʒɑ́ː.nɪ ʃäɾ.qíː]

[ʔɑː.zäɾ.bɑːj.d͡ʒɑ́ː.nɪ ʃäɾ.qíː]

[ʔɑː.zäɾ.bɑːj.d͡ʒɑ́ː.nɪ ʃäɾ.qíː]

[ʔɔː.zäɾ.bäj.d͡ʒɔ́ː.ni ʃäɾ.qí]

[ʔɒː.zæɹ.bɒːj.d͡ʒɒ́ː.ne ʃæɹ.ɢíː]

استان آذربایجان شرقی

East Azerbaijan
East Azerbaijan#English:_Q176081


آذربایجان غربی

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آذربایجان غربی • (âzarbâyjân-e ġarbi)

fa-proper noun

آذربایجان غربی • (âzarbâyjân-e ġarbi)

[ʔɑː.zäɾ.bɑːj.d͡ʒɑ́ː.nɪ ɣäɾ.bíː]

[ʔɑː.zäɾ.bɑːj.d͡ʒɑ́ː.nɪ ɣäɾ.bíː]

[ʔɑː.zäɾ.bɑːj.d͡ʒɑ́ː.nɪ ɣäɾ.bíː]

[ʔɔː.zäɾ.bäj.d͡ʒɔ́ː.ni ɣäɾ.bí]

[ʔɒː.zæɹ.bɒːj.d͡ʒɒ́ː.ne qæɹ.bíː]

استان آذربایجان غربی

fa:آذربایجان غربی


اردبیل

ardebil (romanization)
ardabil (romanization)
اردویل (alternative archaic)

استان اردبیل

the province of Ardabil, Ardabil Province


بوشهر

head

بوشهر • (bušehr)

fa-proper noun

بوشهر • (bušehr)

استان بوشهر

the province of Bushehr, Bushehr Province


گیلان

head

گیلان • (gilân)

fa-proper noun

گیلان • (gilân)

[ɡʲiː.lɒ́ːn]

استان گیلان

هر چند بگیلان همه شب باران بارد
هر چند نبینند بمصر اندر باران

11th century, Qaṭrān of Tabrīz, دیوان قطران تبریزی:

Though rain falls every night upon Gilan,
Though you do not see Egypt in the rain […]

har čand ba gēlān hama šab bārān bārad
har čand na-bēnand ba masr andar bārān […]


لرستان

[lʊ.ɾɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[lʊ.ɾɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[lʊ.ɾɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

استان لرستان

the province of Luristan, Luristan Province

Lorestan (a province of Iran, mostly inhabited by the Lur people)


قزوين

ar-proper noun

قَزْوِين • (qazwīn) f

قَزْوِين (canonical)
qazwīn (romanization)
قَزْوِين (definite diptote informal singular)
قَزْوِينُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
قَزْوِينَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
قَزْوِينَ (definite diptote genitive singular)


אספהאן

he-proper noun

אֶסְפָהָאן • (esfahan) f

אֶסְפָהָאן (canonical)
esfahan (romanization)


טהראן

טֶהֱרָאן (canonical)
teheran (romanization)

מחוז טהראן

מחוז טהראן הוא אחד מ־31 המחוזות באיראן.

m'khoz teheran hu ekhad mish'loshim v'ekhad ham'khozot b'iran.

The Province of Tehran is one of the 31 provinces in Iran.


أصفهان

ar-proper noun

أَصْفَهَان • (ʔaṣfahān) f

أَصْفَهَان (canonical)
ʔaṣfahān (romanization)
أَصْفَهَان (definite diptote informal singular)
أَصْفَهَانُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
أَصْفَهَانَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
أَصْفَهَانَ (definite diptote genitive singular)
إِصْفَهَان (alternative)
أَصْبَهَان (alternative)


Kurdystan

Kurdystan (nominative singular)
Kurdystanu (genitive singular)
Kurdystanowi (dative singular)
Kurdystan (accusative singular)
Kurdystanem (instrumental singular)
Kurdystanie (locative singular)
Kurdystanie (singular vocative)


سیستان

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سیستان • (sistân)

fa-proper noun

سیستان • (sistân)

From earlier سجستان (sajestân), from سکاستان (sakâstân), from Old Persian 𐎿𐎣𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (sakastāna). Akin to Latin Segestan, Sacastene.

سیستان و بلوچستان
سیستان و بلوچستان#Persian

Sistan (a province in eastern Iran; in full, سیستان و بلوچستان (sistân-o balučestân))


Sistan

From Persian سیستان (sistân), from earlier Persian سجستان (sajestân), from سکاستان (sakâstân), from Old Persian 𐎿𐎣𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (Sakastāna).

Sistan and Baluchestan
Sistan and Baluchestan#English

A province in eastern Iran; in full, Sistan and Baluchestan.


伊斯法罕

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Ultimately derived from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān).


כורדיסטן

he-proper noun

כּוּרְדִּיסְטָן

כּוּרְדִּיסְטָן • (kurdistan) m

כּוּרְדִּיסְטָן (canonical)
kurdistan (romanization)


庫爾德斯坦

ㄎㄨˋ ㄦˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄎㄨˋ ㄦˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

Куэрдэсытань

/kʰu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³³ jiː¹³ tɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

/fuː³³ jiː¹³ tɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/


庫德斯坦

ㄎㄨˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄎㄨˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

/kʰu⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³³ tɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

/kʰu⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³³ tɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/


Cordastáin

head

An Chordastáin f (genitive na Cordastáine)

An Chordastáin (canonical feminine)
na Cordastáine (genitive)
Cordastáin (indefinite nominative singular)
a Chordastáin (indefinite singular vocative)
Cordastáine (genitive indefinite singular)
Cordastáin (dative indefinite singular)
an Chordastáin (definite nominative singular)
na Cordastáine (definite genitive singular)
leis an gCordastáin (dative definite singular)
don Chordastáin (dative definite singular)
Cordastáin
Chordastáin
gCordastáin


کهگیلویه و بویراحمد

کهگیلویه و بویراحمد • (kohgeluye va boyerahmad)

استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد

the province of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province

Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad#English

Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad (a province of Iran)

fa:کهگیلویه و بویراحمد


کرمانشاه

کرمانشاه • (kirmānšāh /kermânšâh)

fa-proper noun

کرمانشاه • (kirmānšāh /kermânšâh)

kirmānšāh (romanization)
kermânšâh (romanization)

[kʰɪɾ.mɑːn.ʃɑ́ːʱ]

[kʰɪɾ.mɑːn.ʃɑ́ːʱ]

[kʰɪɾ.mɑːn.ʃɑ́ː]

[kʰiɾ.mɔːn.ʃɔ́ː]

[kʰʲeɹ.mɒːn.ʃɒ́ːʰ]

کرمان (kermân, “Kerman”) + شاه (šâh, “king”).

استان کرمانشاه

Kermanshah (a province of Iran, formerly known as Bakhtaran and Kermanshahan)


هرمزگان

[ʔʊɾ.mʊz.ɡɑ́ːn]

From هرمز (hormoz, “Hormuz”) + ـگان (-gân). The province is located along the Strait of Hormuz.

استان هرمزگان

the province of Hormozgan, Hormozgan Province


كردستان

ar-proper noun

كُرْدِسْتَان

كُرْدِسْتَان • (kurdistān) f

كُرْدِسْتَان (canonical)
kurdistān (romanization)
كُرْدِسْتَان (definite diptote informal singular)
كُرْدِسْتَانُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
كُرْدِسْتَانَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
كُرْدِسْتَانَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

ar-decl-noun

كُرْدِسْتَان:di


خوزستان

head

خوزستان • (xuzestân)

fa-proper noun

خوزستان • (xuzestân)

From خوز (xuz, “Susia”) and ـستان (-estân, “place”), meaning land of the Khuzi (Susian) people, the original inhabitants of the region. Alternatively borrowed wholly from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭥𐭰𐭮𐭲𐭭 (ḥʿcstn /hūzestān/, literally “land of Hūz”), itself from [script needed] (hwc /hūz/) + -stan (-stʾn' /-estān/).
The first component is from Old Persian 𐎢𐎺𐎩 (u-v-j /ʰūvja-/, “Elam, Elamite”), or from the name of Susa. Etymologically, compare اهواز, the Arabized broken-plural of Middle Persian [script needed] (hwc /hūz/, “Susia”).


İsfahan

From Ottoman Turkish اصفهان (isfahān), from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān), variant of سپاهان (sipāhān), from Middle Persian [script needed] (Spāhān), ultimately from Old Persian *spādānah (“army”, adj.) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (s-p-a-d /spādaʰ/, “army”, n.) from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdah (“army”), q.v.


Kúrdistan

is-proper noun

Kúrdistan n (proper noun, genitive singular Kúrdistan or Kúrdistans)

Kúrdistan (genitive singular)
Kúrdistans (genitive singular)
Kúrdistan (indefinite nominative singular)
Kúrdistan (accusative indefinite singular)
Kúrdistan (dative indefinite singular)
Kúrdistan (genitive indefinite singular)
Kúrdistans (genitive indefinite singular)


Sistán

Sistán y Baluchistán
Sistán y Baluchistán#Spanish

Sistan (a province in eastern Iran; in full, Sistán y Baluchistán)


तेहरान

hi-proper noun

तेहरान • (tehrān) m (Urdu spelling تہران)

tehrān (romanization)
تہران (Urdu)
तेहरान (direct singular)
तेहरान (oblique singular)
तेहरान (singular vocative)

/t̪eːɦ.ɾɑːn/

[t̪eːʱ.ɾä̃ːn]

Borrowed from Iranian Persian تِهْرَان (tehrân).


Kurdiston

Kurdiston (nominative singular)
Kurdistonlar (nominative plural)
Kurdistonning (genitive singular)
Kurdistonlarning (genitive plural)
Kurdistonga (dative singular)
Kurdistonlarga (dative plural)
Kurdistonni (accusative definite singular)
Kurdistonlarni (accusative definite plural)
Kurdistonda (locative singular)
Kurdistonlarda (locative plural)
Kurdistondan (ablative singular)
Kurdistonlardan (ablative plural)
Kurdistondek (singular)
Kurdistonlardek (plural)
Kurdistonim (first-person nominative singular)
Kurdistonlarim (first-person nominative)
Kurdistonimning (first-person genitive singular)
Kurdistonlarimning (first-person genitive)
Kurdistonimga (dative first-person singular)
Kurdistonlarimga (dative first-person)
Kurdistonimni (accusative definite first-person singular)
Kurdistonlarimni (accusative definite first-person)
Kurdistonimda (first-person locative singular)
Kurdistonlarimda (first-person locative)
Kurdistonimdan (ablative first-person singular)
Kurdistonlarimdan (ablative first-person)
Kurdistonimdek (first-person singular)
Kurdistonlarimdek (first-person)
Kurdistoning (nominative second-person singular)
Kurdistonlaring (nominative second-person)
Kurdistoningning (genitive second-person singular)
Kurdistonlaringning (genitive second-person)
Kurdistoningga (dative second-person singular)
Kurdistonlaringga (dative second-person)
Kurdistoningni (accusative definite second-person singular)
Kurdistonlaringni (accusative definite second-person)
Kurdistoningda (locative second-person singular)
Kurdistonlaringda (locative second-person)
Kurdistoningdan (ablative second-person singular)
Kurdistonlaringdan (ablative second-person)
Kurdistoningdek (second-person singular)
Kurdistonlaringdek (second-person)
Kurdistoni (nominative singular)
Kurdistonlari (nominative plural)
Kurdistonining (genitive singular)
Kurdistonlarining (genitive plural)
Kurdistoniga (dative singular)
Kurdistonlariga (dative plural)
Kurdistonini (accusative definite singular)
Kurdistonlarini (accusative definite plural)
Kurdistonida (locative singular)
Kurdistonlarida (locative plural)
Kurdistonidan (ablative singular)
Kurdistonlaridan (ablative plural)
Kurdistonidek (singular)
Kurdistonlaridek (plural)
Kurdistonimiz (first-person nominative)
Kurdistonlarimiz (first-person nominative plural)
Kurdistonimizning (first-person genitive)
Kurdistonlarimizning (first-person genitive plural)
Kurdistonimizga (dative first-person)
Kurdistonlarimizga (dative first-person plural)
Kurdistonimizni (accusative definite first-person)
Kurdistonlarimizni (accusative definite first-person plural)
Kurdistonimizda (first-person locative)
Kurdistonlarimizda (first-person locative plural)
Kurdistonimizdan (ablative first-person)
Kurdistonlarimizdan (ablative first-person plural)
Kurdistonimizdek (first-person)
Kurdistonlarimizdek (first-person plural)
Kurdistoningiz (nominative second-person)
Kurdistonlaringiz (nominative plural second-person)
Kurdistoningizning (genitive second-person)
Kurdistonlaringizning (genitive plural second-person)
Kurdistoningizga (dative second-person)
Kurdistonlaringizga (dative plural second-person)
Kurdistoningizni (accusative definite second-person)
Kurdistonlaringizni (accusative definite plural second-person)
Kurdistoningizda (locative second-person)
Kurdistonlaringizda (locative plural second-person)
Kurdistoningizdan (ablative second-person)
Kurdistonlaringizdan (ablative plural second-person)
Kurdistoningizdek (second-person)
Kurdistonlaringizdek (plural second-person)


همدان

[ʔä.mä.d̪ɑ́ːn]

[ʔä.mä.d̪ɔ́ːn]


Hormozgan

Borrowed from Persian هرمزگان (hormozgân), from هرمز (hormoz, “Hormuz”) + ـگان (-gân). The province is located along the Strait of Hormuz.

A province of southern Iran, consisting of numerous islands in the Persian Gulf


بلوچستان

ur-proper noun

بَلوچِسْتَان

بَلوچِسْتَان • (balocistān) m (Hindi spelling बलूचिस्तान)

بَلوچِسْتَان (canonical)
balocistān (romanization)
बलूचिस्तान (Hindi)

بَ لو چِسْ تان

Borrowed from Classical Persian بلوچستان (balôčistân), equivalent to بلوچ (baloc, “Baloch people”) + ـستان (-(i)stān, “-land”).

suffix

(by extension) Balochistan (a region between the Middle East and South Asia)

Sistan and Baluchestan (a province of Iran)


Курдистон

head

Курдистон • (Kurdiston) (Persian spelling کردستان)

Kurdiston (romanization)
spelling کردستان (Persian)

Inherited from Classical Persian کُرْدِسْتَان (kurdistān). By surface analysis, курд (kurd) + -истон (-iston).

inh

کُرْدِسْتَان

inh+

کُرْدِسْتَان

surf

Kurdistan (a province in northwestern Iran, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


Техран

Texran (romanization)
Тегеран (alternative)


تہران

ur-proper noun

تَہْران • (tahrān) m (Hindi spelling तेहरान)

تَہْران (canonical)
tahrān (romanization)
तेहरान (Hindi)


Lorestan

Diacriticless transliteration of Iranian Persian لرستان (lorestân), from Classical Persian لرستان (luristān).

transliteration

Loristan (alternative)
Lurestan (alternative)
Luristan (alternative)

A province of Iran, mostly inhabited by the Lur people


Қазвин

head

Қазвин • (Qazvin) (Persian spelling قزوین)

Qazvin (romanization)
spelling قزوین (Persian)


Қум

Qum (romanization)
spelling قم (Persian)


Хӯзистон

Хӯзистон • (Xüziston) (Persian spelling خوزستان)

Xüziston (romanization)
spelling خوزستان (Persian)


Кирмоншоҳ

Кирмоншоҳ • (Kirmonšoh) (Persian spelling کرمانشاه)

Kirmonšoh (romanization)
spelling کرمانشاه (Persian)


Ҳамадон

Ҳамадон • (Hamadon) (Persian spelling همدان)

Hamadon (romanization)
spelling همدان (Persian)


Луристон

Луристон • (Luriston) (Persian spelling لرستان)

Luriston (romanization)
spelling لرستان (Persian)


Ардабил

Ардабил • (Ardabil) (Persian spelling اردبیل)

Ardabil (romanization)
spelling اردبیل (Persian)


Мозандарон

Мозандарон • (Mozandaron) (Persian spelling مازندران)

Mozandaron (romanization)
spelling مازندران (Persian)


Албурз

Албурз • (Alburz) (Persian spelling البرز)

Alburz (romanization)
spelling البرز (Persian)

Inherited from Classical Persian اَلْبُرْز (alburz), see there for more.


Ҳурмузгон

head

Ҳурмузгон • (Hurmuzgon) (Persian spelling هرمزگان)

Hurmuzgon (romanization)
spelling هرمزگان (Persian)


Занҷон

Занҷон • (Zanjon) (Persian spelling زنجان)

Zanjon (romanization)
spelling زنجان (Persian)


Бушаҳр

Бушаҳр • (Bušahr) (Persian spelling بوشهر)

Bušahr (romanization)
spelling بوشهر (Persian)


چهارمحال و بختیاری

چهارمحال و بختیاری • (čahâr-mahâl-o baxtiyâri)

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɑːɾ.mä.ɦɑːl wä bäx.t̪ʰi.jɑː.ɾɪ]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɑːɾ.mä.ɦɑːl wä bäx.t̪ʰi.jɑː.ɾɪ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːɑːɾ.mɑːɑːl wä bäx.t̪ʰi.jɑː.ɾɪ]

[t͡ʃʰɔːɔːɾ.mɔːɔːl̥ wä bäx.t̪ʰi.jɔː.ɾi]

[t͡ʃʰæ.ɦɒːɹ.mæ.ɦɒːl̥ o bæx.t̪i.jɒː.ɹe]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɔɾ.mä.ɦɔl vä bäχ.t̪ʰi.jɔ.ɾi]

From چهارمحال + و + بختیاری.

com

چهارمحال + و + بختیاری

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari (a province of Iran).


East Azerbaijan

Calque of Persian آذربایجان شرقی (âzarbâyjân-e šarqi).

calque

آذربایجان شرقی


استان یزد

head

استان یزد • (ostân yazd)

fa-proper noun

استان یزد • (ostân yazd)


Golestan

One of the 31 provinces in Iran, located in the north of the country.


Sistan and Baluchestan

One of 31 provinces in Iran, in the south-east of the country.


West Azerbaijan

Calque of Persian آذربایجان غربی (âzarbâyjân-e ġarbi).

calque

آذربایجان غربی

One of 31 provinces in Iran, located in the north-west of the country and bordered by parts of Iran, Turkey, and Azerbaijan.


Ilam

A province of Iran, formerly known as Poshtkuh.


ܛܗܪܢ

aii-proper-noun

ܛܸܗܪܵܢ • (ṭihrān) f

ܛܸܗܪܵܢ (canonical)
ṭihrān (romanization)
ܛܸܗܪܵܐܢ (alternative)


Қом

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script
kk:Қом (қала)


कुर्दिस्तान

hi-proper noun

कुर्दिस्तान • (kurdistān) m (Urdu spelling کردستان)

Borrowed from Classical Persian کردستان (kurdistān).

bor+

hi:कुर्दिस्तान


جهارمحال وبختياري

ar-proper noun

جَهَارْمَحَالْ وَبَخْتِيَارِي

جَهَارْمَحَالْ وَبَخْتِيَارِي • (jahārmaḥāl wabaḵtiyārī) ?

جَهَارْمَحَالْ وَبَخْتِيَارِي (canonical)
jahārmaḥāl wabaḵtiyārī (romanization)
تْشَهَارْمَحَالْ وَبَخْتِيَارِي (alternative)

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari#English

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari (a province of Iran)


چوارمەحاڵ و بەختیاری

head

چوارمەحاڵ و بەختیاری (çwarmeḧall û bextyarî)

en-چوارمەحاڵ_و_بەختیاری-ckb-name-ROh0CJd4


Τεχεράνη

Techeráni (romanization)
Τεχεράνη (nominative singular)
Τεχεράνης (genitive singular)
Τεχεράνη (accusative singular)
Τεχεράνη (singular vocative)


કુર્દિસ્તાન

Borrowed from Classical Persian کُرْدِسْتَان (kurdistān).

bor+

کُرْدِسْتَان


Кум

Kum (romanization)
Ку́ма (genitive)
Ку́м (nominative singular)
Ку́ма (genitive singular)
Ку́му (dative singular)
Ку́м (accusative singular)
Ку́мом (instrumental singular)
Ку́ме (prepositional singular)

ru:Кум (город)


クルディスタン

[kɯ̟ɾɯ̟dʲisɨ̥tã̠ɴ]


เคอร์ดิสถาน

th-proper noun

เคอร์ดิสถาน • (kəə-dì-sà-tǎan)

th:เคอร์ดิสถาน

/kʰɤː˧.di˨˩.sa˨˩.tʰaːn˩˩˦/


اصفہان

pa-proper noun

اَصْفَہَان • (aṣfahān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਸਫ਼ਹਾਨ)

اَصْفَہَان (canonical)
aṣfahān (romanization)
ਅਸਫ਼ਹਾਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Urdu اِصْفَہان (isfahān), from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān).


اصفہان

ur-proper noun

اِصْفَہان or اَصْفَہان • (isfahān or asfahān) m (Hindi spelling इस्फ़हान or अस्फ़हान)

اِصْفَہان (canonical)
اَصْفَہان (canonical)
isfahān (romanization)
asfahān (romanization)
इस्फ़हान (Hindi)
अस्फ़हान (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān), ultimately from Old Persian *spādānaʰ (“army, adj.”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (spādaʰ, “army”).


Исфаһан

kk-proper noun

Исфаһан • (İsfahan)

From Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān).

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script


Систон ва Балучистон

head

سیستان و بلوچستان

Систон ва Балучистон • (Siston va Balučiston) (Persian spelling سیستان و بلوچستان)

tg-proper noun

سیستان و بلوچستان

Siston va Balučiston (romanization)
spelling سیستان و بلوچستان (Persian)

Sistan and Baluchestan
Sistan and Baluchestan#English:_Q939575

Sistan and Baluchestan (one of 31 provinces in Iran, in the south-east of the country)

en-Систон_ва_Балучистон-tg-name-kJlUE4mb


سیستان و بلوچستان

head

سیستان و بلوچستان • (sistân-o balučestân)


Чаҳормаҳол ва Бахтиёрӣ

چهارمحال و بختیاری

Чаҳормаҳол ва Бахтиёрӣ • (Čahormahol va Baxtiyori) (Persian spelling چهارمحال و بختیاری)

tg-proper noun

چهارمحال و بختیاری

Čahormahol va Baxtiyori (romanization)
spelling چهارمحال و بختیاری (Persian)

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɔɾ.mä.ɦɔl vä bäχ.t̪ʰi.jɔ.ɾi]

en-Чаҳормаҳол_ва_Бахтиёрӣ-tg-name-ROh0CJd4


Озарбойҷони Шарқӣ

head

Озарбойҷони Шарқӣ

آذربایجان شرقی

Озарбойҷони Шарқӣ • (Ozarboyjon-i Šarqi) (Persian spelling آذربایجان شرقی)

tg-proper noun

Озарбойҷони Шарқӣ

آذربایجان شرقی

Ozarboyjon-i Šarqi (romanization)
spelling آذربایجان شرقی (Persian)


Озарбойҷони Ғарбӣ

head

Озарбойҷони Ғарбӣ

آذربایجان غربی

Озарбойҷони Ғарбӣ • (Ozarboyjon-i Ġarbi) (Persian spelling آذربایجان غربی)

tg-proper noun

Озарбойҷони Ғарбӣ

آذربایجان غربی

Ozarboyjon-i Ġarbi (romanization)
spelling آذربایجان غربی (Persian)

West Azerbaijan
West Azerbaijan#English:_Q134411

West Azerbaijan (one of 31 provinces in Iran, located in the north-west of the country and bordered by parts of Iran, Turkey, and Azerbaijan)


خراسان شمالی

head

خراسان شمالی • (xorâsân-e šomâli)

fa-proper noun

خراسان شمالی • (xorâsân-e šomâli)

[xʊ.ɾɑː.sɑ́ː.nɪ ʃʊ.mɑː.líː]

[xʊ.ɾɑː.sɑ́ː.nɪ ʃʊ.mɑː.líː]

[xʊ.ɾɑː.sɑ́ː.nɪ ʃʊ.mɑː.líː]

North Khorasan
North Khorasan#English:_Q180075


Хуросони Шимолӣ

head

Хуросони Шимолӣ

خراسان شمالی

Хуросони Шимолӣ • (Xuroson-i Šimoli) (Persian spelling خراسان شمالی)

tg-proper noun

Хуросони Шимолӣ

خراسان شمالی

Xuroson-i Šimoli (romanization)
spelling خراسان شمالی (Persian)


خراسان جنوبی

[xʊ.ɾɑː.sɑ́ː.nɪ d͡ʒä.nuː.bíː]

[xʊ.ɾɑː.sɑ́ː.nɪ d͡ʒä.nuː.bíː]

[xʊ.ɾɑː.sɑ́ː.nɪ d͡ʒä.nuː.bíː]

South Khorasan
South Khorasan#English:_Q171551


Хуросони Ҷанубӣ

head

Хуросони Ҷанубӣ

خراسان جنوبی

Хуросони Ҷанубӣ • (Xuroson-i Janubi) (Persian spelling خراسان جنوبی)

tg-proper noun

Хуросони Ҷанубӣ

خراسان جنوبی

Xuroson-i Janubi (romanization)
spelling خراسان جنوبی (Persian)


خراسان رضوی

Razavi Khorasan
Razavi Khorasan#English:_Q587090


Хуросони Разавӣ

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Хуросони Разавӣ

Хуросони Разавӣ • (Xuroson-i Razavi) (Persian spelling خراسان رضوی)

tg-proper noun

Хуросони Разавӣ

Xuroson-i Razavi (romanization)
spelling خراسان رضوی (Persian)


ܩܙܒܝܢ

aii-proper-noun

ܩܵܙܒ݂ܝܼܢ • (qāzḇīn) f

ܩܵܙܒ݂ܝܼܢ (canonical)
qāzḇīn (romanization)

From Persian قزوین (qazvin); cognate of English Caspian.


كرمان

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كرمان • (kirmân)

Turkish: Kirman

Borrowed from Persian کرمان (kermân), from Middle Persian klmʾn (Kermān).


Cwrdistan

Cwrdistan
Gwrdistan (soft)
Nghwrdistan
Chwrdistan

Borrowed from English Kurdistan. By surface analysis, Cwrd (“Kurd”) + -istan.


胡齊斯坦

ㄏㄨˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄏㄨˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

/xu³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


ایلام

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ایلام • (īlām /ilâm)

fa-proper noun

ایلام • (īlām /ilâm)

īlām (romanization)
ilâm (romanization)
عیلام (alternative)

From the name of the civilization, عیلام. See there for more.

Ilam (a province of Iran, formerly known as Poshtkuh)