漳

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjaŋ): semantic 水 + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ).


閩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯn, *mɯn): phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 虫 (“snake”). The 虫 radical was a common component of the names of barbarians (Schuessler, 2007), probably reflecting the Min people's worship of snakes (Li, 2017).
Matisoff (2003) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), but this comparison is no longer held in STEDT.
In most modern Min dialects and some other southern dialects (including Hakka and Xiang), it is read with a level tone (平聲), which is the expected reflex based on rime dictionaries. In Mandarin and the remaining southern dialects, it is read with a rising tone (上聲), probably due to analogy with the phonetic component of 閔 (MC minX) (Li, 2017).

Han compound

(～江) Min River (a river in Fujian, China)


Luo

From the pinyin romanization of Chinese 洛 (Luò).

A river in Fujian, China, flowing into the Taiwan Strait.


Amoy

Latin: amoyensis

From the Postal Romanization of Hokkien 廈門／厦门 (Ēe-mûi), specifically the Zhangzhou Hokkien dialect.

Near the Coaſt of the Province of Fokien lie Quemuy and Eymuy : Further off at Sea, oppoſite to them, appear Formoſa and Tayowan ; the firſt by the Chineſes, who now poſſeſs it, call'd Talieukich ; but to the Eaſt, near the Province Chekiang are the Iſles Changque and Chenxan.

[1671, Arnoldus Montanus, translated by John Ogilby, Atlas Chinensis, London: Tho. Johnson, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 468:

Passing one or two headlands to the northeastward of this place, we reach the harbor of Amoy, as pronounced by the natives, or, as more generally pronounced Heämun. This harbor is in the southwestern corner of a considerable bay, in which are two large and many smaller islands. The largest and westernmost island, named Amoy, forms the northern limit of the harbor, which is sheltered on the east by the smaller of the two principal islands, while the mainland shelters is on the west and south. The town of Amoy is situated at the south end of the larger island, and the anchorage for ships is immediately in front of it.

1837 May, “Coast of China: the division of it into four portions ; brief description of the principal places on the southeastern, eastern, and northeastern portions.”, in The Chinese Repository, volume VI, number 1, Canton, →OCLC, page 12:

Leaving Namoa, and sailing up the coast towards Amoy, the stranger is continually struck with the barren rocky nature of the coast, and in some parts has a view of hills of sand, the particles of which, when a hurricane blows, mix with the wind, and whiten the ropes of vessels and render it most unpleasant to be in the vicinity.

1847, Robert Fortune, Three Years' Wanderings in the Northern Provinces of China: Including a Visit to the Tea, Silk, and Cotton Countries; with an Account of the Agriculture and Horticulture of the Chinese, New Plants, Etc., 2nd edition, John Murray, Albemarle Street, pages 23–24:

He told me of a place on the mainland, near his native village—some seventy miles up the coast, between Foochow and Amoy—where game was plentiful, and sportsmen rare.

1896, Charles J. H Halcombee, The Mystic Flowery Land: A Personal Narrative, London: Luzac & Co., page 110:

The tea grown in the southern Fukien hills goes out through Amoy; in a shallow bay on one side of town there stand out of the mud at low tide hundreds of upright granite blocks like Western tombstones, on which oysters are grown. But the only unique industry Amoy and its island seem to boast is the making of toy cats, dogs, lions, tigers, and even more fearsome beasts from mud gaudily painted, the heads and tails so balanced that they wag gravely back and forth.

1925, Harry A. Franck, Roving Through Southern China, The Century Company, →OCLC, page 198:

The Merope stopped at Namoa, an island off the coast of Kwangtung and Fukien, where some small sales were made, and then, proceeding to Amoy, attempted to open trade relations there.

1934, David Edward Owen, British Opium Policy in China and India, Yale University Press, →OCLC, page 122; republished Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1968:

In February last year, he went to Amoy in Fukien Province on business. Amoy lies opposite Kinmen. One February day he swam to Kinmen and reached freedom. He has since worked for the General Political Warfare Department of the Ministry of National Defense.

1975 October 12, “Escapees from mainland plan wedding in Taipei”, in Free China Weekly, volume XVI, number 40, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:

Aung San escaped by disguising himself as a Chinese crewman on a Norwegian boat. He arrived in Amoy seeking contact with Chinese communists to help in Burma's drive for independence.

2013, Myanmar (Burma) (Insight Guides), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 41:

Naming it for the city-state’s Fukienese people, who hailed from Amoy, China, the company wove in Chinese-themed detailing throughout the hotel.

2014 November 11, Cheryl Lu-lien Tan, “Hotel Review: Amoy Hotel in Singapore”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-11-12, Travel:

Kinmen Island lies in the Amoy (Xiamen) Bay, southeast of mainland China's Fujian Province, with a total area of 150.456 square kilometers. The outlying island is 277 kilometers off the coast of Taiwan proper and a mere 10 kilometers from Xiamen Harbor.

(Can we date this quote?), “Kinmen Battlefield Culture”, in Ministry of Culture, archived from the original on 2021-09-16, Potential World Heritage Sites in Taiwan:

Files from the US consulate in Xiamen (Amoy) held by the US National Archives as microform material and digitized by TBMC include the consulate’s official dispatches to the US Department of State from 1844 to 1906.

2023 August 11, “Unlocking the Past: Digital Archives Illuminate Taiwan’s History”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2024-07-26, Culture:

Back in China, the American vice-consul in Amoy was one Le Gendre, married to Clara. His responsibilities lay in Amoy plus four other locations on Formosa (Taiwan) — Tamsui, Anping, Keelung and Takao.

2023 October 12, Bradley Winterton, “Book review: ‘Puppet Flower’: the roots of modern Taiwan”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-11-25, Features, page 14:

(dated) Xiamen, a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China.

The Jiulong River, a large river in southern Fujian, China.


Amoy

[…]Ayon sa saliksik ni Allan Wickberg, nagsimulang magpadala ng mga galeón tungong Tsina ang pamahalaang kolonyal noong 1758, imbes na hintayin ang mga sampan mulang Tsina. Noon kasi'y bawal maglayag tungong Tsina ang mga galeóng Espanyol. Binuksan din ang Maynila noong 1789 para sa mga barkong Europeong di-Espanyol na may kargadang mga kagamitang mula sa Asya. Simula iyon ng pagpapabilis ng kalakalan ng Filipinas sa pagdating ng mga sampan mulang Amoy at Chu'uan-chou sa Fukien. Nagpatuloy ang pagdagsa ng mga sampan mulang Amoy, habang ang mga galeón naman ng Espanyol ay pumasok doon sa Canton ngunit hindi sa Amoy. Nang makapasok ang barkong Hapones sa Filipinas, ang biyahe mulang Amoy tungong Filipinas ay halos tatlong araw lamang. […]

2005, “Ugat ng Huweteng”, in Sawikaan 2005: Mga Salita ng Taon, UP Press, →ISBN, page 4:

[…]According to Allan Wickberg's research, the colonial government began sending galleons to China in 1758, instead of waiting for sampans from China. At that time, Spanish galleons were not allowed to sail to China. Manila was also opened in 1789 to non-Spanish European ships laden with supplies from Asia. That was the beginning of the acceleration of Philippine trade with the arrival of sampans from Amoy and Chuanchou to Fukien. Sampans continued to flow from Amoy, while Spanish galleons entered Canton but not Amoy. When the Japanese ship entered the Philippines, the trip from Amoy to the Philippines was only about three days. […]

Xiamen, a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China


清流

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ liu²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ liu²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/

(～縣) Qingliu (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


平和

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ wɔː²¹/

/pʰi̯aŋ¹¹ fo¹¹/

/piŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ho¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ wɔː²¹/

/pʰi̯aŋ¹¹ fo¹¹/

/piŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ho¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/

(～縣) Pinghe (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


Xiamen

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 廈門／厦門／厦门 (Xiàmén).

The BRICS -- Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa -- had gathered in the southeastern Chinese city of Xiamen hoping to counter accusations that the group of big emerging economies was drifting apart and becoming irrelevant.

2017 September 4, “BRICS meets in shadow of North Korea bombshell”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2017-09-04, Live news:

For the past month Beijing has routinely sent drones over the Kinmen islands, which are about six miles from the coastal Chinese city of Xiamen. Recently China started to release high-resolution, close-range drone video of military facilities on Kinmen.

2022 September 1, Didi Tang, “Taiwan shoots down Chinese drone”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-09-01, World:

After the incident, Taiwan said five Chinese surveillance ships on Monday had entered prohibited or restricted waters of the Kinmen Islands, located a few kilometers from the southeastern Chinese city of Xiamen, home to more than 100,000 Taiwanese.

2024 February 28, “China tells Taiwan to explain death of 2 fishermen near Kinmen Islands”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2024-02-29:

A prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China.

:zh:周婉窈
Cambridge University Press
Xiamen

شْيَامِن

a sub-provincial city in southeastern China


Xiamen

[ʃɪ.aˈmẽɪ̯̃]

Xiamen (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


Fuzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 福州 (Fúzhōu).

At the end of August Eaton anchored at a group of three small islands off the coast of Fujian to take on fresh water, as the casks had not been refilled since leaving the Cape in April. Cuninghame calls these islands the Crocodile Islands, but he says the Chinese call them the ‘Pek-kin Islands’. These are the Matsu Islands, north east of Fuzhou, one of which is called Peikantang or Peikan Island.

2007, Jane Kilpatrick, “The first collector”, in Gifts from the Gardens of China: The Introduction of Traditional Chinese Garden Plants to Britain 1698-1862, Frances Lincoln Limited, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 41:

In a past life in Fuzhou, it represented some reality other than the one of daily congee and pickled turnips, cabbage and boiled rip soup.

2022, Ling Ma, “Peking Duck”, in Bliss Montage, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN:

A prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, China.

فُوجُو

a prefecture-level city in southeastern China


上午

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saŋ²¹³ vu⁵³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ vou²⁴/

/sœːŋ²² ŋ̍¹³/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ vu⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/ʂan²¹⁻¹¹ u⁴¹/

/san²¹⁻¹¹ u⁴¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saŋ²¹³ vu⁵³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ vou²⁴/

/sœːŋ²² ŋ̍¹³/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ vu⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/ʂan²¹⁻¹¹ u⁴¹/

/san²¹⁻¹¹ u⁴¹/

(～村) Shangwu (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


廈門

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (廈門):
* → Korean: 하문(廈門) (Hamun)
* → Vietnamese: Hạ Môn (廈門)

→ Arabic: شْيَامِن (šyāmin)

→ Dutch: Xiamen, Emoi

desc

→ English: Amoy, Hsia-men, Hsiamen, Xiamen

→ French: Amoy, Xiamen

→ Georgian: სიამენი (siameni)

→ Japanese: 廈(シア)門(メン) (Shiamen)

→ Korean: 샤먼 (Syameon)

→ Portuguese: Amoy, Xiamen

→ Japanese: 廈(ア)門(モイ) (Amoi)

→ Spanish: Emuy

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ mən³⁵/

/ha³² ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/ˈha¹¹ mɨn³⁵/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mun¹¹/

/xa⁵⁵ mɔŋ³³/

/a²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/e⁴¹⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/e²²⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/e³³⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

/e³³⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/ɛ²²⁻²¹ muĩ¹³/

/ɛ⁵³⁻¹¹ muĩ¹¹/

/e³⁵⁻¹¹ muŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦo²² mən⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ mən³⁵/

/ha³² ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/ˈha¹¹ mɨn³⁵/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mun¹¹/

/xa⁵⁵ mɔŋ³³/

/a²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/e⁴¹⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/e²²⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/e³³⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

/e³³⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/ɛ²²⁻²¹ muĩ¹³/

/ɛ⁵³⁻¹¹ muĩ¹¹/

/e³⁵⁻¹¹ muŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦo²² mən⁴⁴/

A homophone of the original name 下門／下门 (Xiàmén) that came into official use for its more elegant sense.

zh-l

下門／下门 (Xiàmén)

(historical) Xiamen (a fortification which formerly protected Xiamen Bay, Fujian, China)

(～市) Xiamen (a subprovincial city in Fujian, China)

(～島) Xiamen Island, Amoy Island (an island in Xiamen Bay, Fujian, China)


廈門

廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén)

Xiamen, Amoy (a subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


廈門

Borrowed from Portuguese Amoy, in turn from Hokkien 廈門／厦门 (Ēe-mûi).

zh-m

廈門／厦门 (Ēe-mûi)

Amoy, Xiamen (a subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


鸕鶿

/lu³⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

/lou̯²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/lu¹¹ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/

/lu¹¹ t͡sʰz̩¹¹/

/l̃u⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾li⁵³/

/lɔ²⁴⁻³³ t͡si²⁴/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡si²⁴/

/lou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/

/ləu̯¹³ sz̩³/

/lu³⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

/lou̯²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/lu¹¹ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/

/lu¹¹ t͡sʰz̩¹¹/

/l̃u⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾li⁵³/

/lɔ²⁴⁻³³ t͡si²⁴/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡si²⁴/

/lou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/

/ləu̯¹³ sz̩³/

(～島) Luci Island (an island in Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


建寧

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ nɪŋ²¹/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ¹³/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ liɪŋ²³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ nɪŋ²¹/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ¹³/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ liɪŋ²³/

(～府) (historical) Jianning, Kienning (a former prefecture of Fujian, China, under the Southern Song, Ming and Qing dynasties; modern Jian'ou)

(～路) (historical) Jianning (a former lu in Fujian, China, under the Yuan dynasty; modern Jian'ou)

(～縣) Jianning (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


洛陽

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (洛陽):
* → Japanese: 洛陽(らくよう) (Rakuyō)
* → Korean: 낙양(洛陽) (Nagyang)
* → Vietnamese: Lạc Dương (洛陽)

→ English: Luoyang

desc

→ Thai: ลั่วหยาง, ลกเอี๋ยง

→ Thai: ลั่วหยาง, ลกเอี๋ยง

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ jœːŋ²¹/

/lɔːk̚² jœːŋ²¹/

/lɔk̚⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻³³ yoŋ⁵³/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɔŋ²³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iaŋ¹³/

/lo(ʔ)²⁴⁻² iũ²⁴/

/lo(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iũ²⁴/

/lok̚⁴⁻² iaŋ⁵⁵/

/loʔ¹¹ ɦiã²³/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ jœːŋ²¹/

/lɔːk̚² jœːŋ²¹/

/lɔk̚⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻³³ yoŋ⁵³/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɔŋ²³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iaŋ¹³/

/lo(ʔ)²⁴⁻² iũ²⁴/

/lo(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iũ²⁴/

/lok̚⁴⁻² iaŋ⁵⁵/

/loʔ¹¹ ɦiã²³/

Encyclopædia Britannica
Luo River (Henan)
Yin_and_yang#Toponymy

Yang (north) of the Luo River; based on Yin and yang toponymy in which north is associated with yang. Luoyang is situated to the north of the Luo River.

(～鎮) Luoyang (name of various towns in China)

(～鎮) Luoyang (a town in Hui'an County, in the prefecture-level city of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)

(～江) Luoyang (a river in the prefecture-level city of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


太平

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (太平):
* → Japanese: 太平(たいへい) (taihei)
* → Korean: 태평(太平) (taepyeong)
* → Vietnamese: thái bình (太平)

→ Manchu: ᡨᠠᡳᡶᡳᠨ (taifin)

desc

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠢᠩ (tayiping)

Mongolian: тайван (tajvan)

→ Tuvan: тайбың (taybıñ)

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/tʰɛ⁴⁴ pʰiŋ²⁴/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/tʰuɛ³³ peiŋ²¹/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βaŋ⁵³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ¹³/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪŋ²³/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/tʰɛ⁴⁴ pʰiŋ²⁴/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/tʰuɛ³³ peiŋ²¹/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βaŋ⁵³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ¹³/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪŋ²³/

寧為太平犬，不做亂世人／宁为太平犬，不做乱世人

nìng wéi tàipíng quǎn, bù zuò luànshì rén

(～鎮) Taiping (a town in Zhao'an, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Taiping (a town in Yanping district, Nanping, Fujian, China)


山頭

/ʂän⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/ʂän⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Shantou (a residential community of Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)


城中

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/saŋ¹¹ t͡suŋ²⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ³³/

/siã¹³⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siã²³⁻³³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/saŋ¹¹ t͡suŋ²⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ³³/

/siã¹³⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siã²³⁻³³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

(～村) Chengzhong (a village in Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


北門

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ mŋ̍¹³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ mŋ̍²³/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ muŋ⁵⁵/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ mɯŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ mŋ̍¹³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ mŋ̍²³/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ muŋ⁵⁵/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ mɯŋ⁵⁵/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Beimen (a residential community of Dadeng, Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China, formerly a village)

(～村) Beimen (a village in Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


東門

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/taŋ³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ bun²⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun¹³/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/taŋ³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ bun²⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun¹³/

(～社區) Dongmen (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


長沙

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (長沙):
* → Japanese: 長(ちょう)沙(さ) (Chōsa)
* → Korean: 장사(長沙) (Jangsa)
* → Vietnamese: Trường Sa (長沙)

→ English: Changsha, Ch'ang-sha

→ Korean: 창사 (Changsa)

→ Russian: Чанша́ (Čanšá)

→ Zhuang: Cangzsah

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ saː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ sa²⁴/

/t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ sa⁴⁴/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾na⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² sa³³/

/tiaŋ¹³⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ sua⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ sua⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sa³³/

/ʈ͡ʂan¹³ sa̠³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ saː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ sa²⁴/

/t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ sa⁴⁴/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾na⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² sa³³/

/tiaŋ¹³⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ sua⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ sua⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sa³³/

/ʈ͡ʂan¹³ sa̠³³/

(～村) Changsha (a village in Huangqi, Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


長沙

長沙 (canonical)
Chōsa (romanization)
Tyausa (romanization)
ちやうさ (hiragana historical)

ja:長沙 (曖昧さ回避)


平原

Sino-Xenic (平原):
* → Japanese: 平原(へいげん) (heigen)
* → Korean: 평원(平原) (pyeong'won)
* → Vietnamese: bình nguyên (平原)

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋueŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋueŋ⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Pingyuan (a town in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


Zhangzhou

/ˈt͡sɑŋˈt͡soʊ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 漳州 (Zhāngzhōu), from its former status as the seat of Zhang Prefecture, named for the Zhang River.

``It looked as if the winds would carry you away the minute you stepped outside,″ the newspaper quoted Ding Jianmu, an official with the city government in Zhangzhou, another Fujian city, as saying.
Seven people in Zhangzhou were killed by collapsing buildings and walls. Another five died in Xiamen and 18 were killed in the nearby city of Quanzhou.

1999 October 11, “Typhoon Leaves 30 Dead in China”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-07-01:

My ancestors came from the region of Zhangzhou in Fujian, China.

2014, Lu Hsiu-lien, Ashley Esarey, My Fight for a New Taiwan, University of Washington Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 20:

A prefecture-level city in southern Fujian, China.


Quanzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, literally “spring prefecture”).

der

Between 1946 and 1948 in the ruins of the foundations of Quanzhou’s South Gate Tower and southern wall we excavated more that twenty large white gravestones, inscribed in Arabic on both sides. They obviously had been taken from a demolished Islamic mosque. The area overlooked in the Jin River and was known as South Quanzhou, or the “Foreign District.” It was here that merchants from overseas and their families had lived during Song and Yuan.

1984, Zhuang Weiji, quotee, Jews in Old China: Studies by Chinese Scholars, Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 147:

Located on the Jin River, Quanzhou was China’s principal port during the Song and Yuan dynasties.

2016, “Fujian”, in China, DK, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 297, column 1:

He said that four years ago, the island began receiving water from the Jin River, in Quanzhou, China, and now 70-80% of Kinmen's water comes from China.

2023 February 8, Kelvin Chen, “Swiss parliamentarian delegation visits Taiwan's Kinmen”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2023-03-08, Politics:

A prefecture-level city in southeastern Fujian, China.


東山

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/taŋ³³⁻²¹ suã³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/taŋ³³⁻²¹ suã³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

(～縣) Dongshan (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


海山

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ suã³³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ suã³³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

(～村) Haishan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


建陽

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/kyiŋ³³ iɔŋ³³/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/kyiŋ³³ iɔŋ³³/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

(～區, formerly ～市, ～縣) Jianyang (a district of Nanping, Fujian, China; a former county-level city and county)


江南

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (江南):
* → Japanese: 江南(こうなん) (Kōnan)
* → Korean: 강남(江南) (Gangnam)
* → Vietnamese: Giang Nam (江南)

→ Manchu: ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩᠨᠠᠨ (giyangnan)

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ naːm²¹/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ nø²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ naːm²¹/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ nø²¹/

(～鄉) Jiangnan (a township in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


轅門

/ɥɛn³⁵ mən³⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ mən³⁵/

轅 (the shaft which connects a carriage to its horse) + 門 (gate)
: In ancient times, when a monarch went on an expedition (ex. for hunting), the place where he stopped would be made into a camp by surrounding the location with a baricade of horse-drawn vehicles. Two of the vehicles would be upended, and their shafts would be made to meet, so as to form a makeshift gateway of sorts.

(～社區) Yuanmen (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


白鷺

/paɪ̯³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ˈpʰaʔ⁵ lu¹¹/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ lɔ²²/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² lɔ⁴¹/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ lɔ²²/

/paɪ̯³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ˈpʰaʔ⁵ lu¹¹/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ lɔ²²/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² lɔ⁴¹/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ lɔ²²/

(～社區) Bailu (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


福州

Sino-Xenic (福州):
* → Japanese: 福(ふく)州(しゅう) (Fukushū)
* → Korean: 복주(福州) (Bokju)
* → Vietnamese: Phúc Châu (福州)

desc

→ English: Foochow, Fuchow, Fujhou, Fuzhou, Hokchew, Hockchew, Hokchiu

→ Korean: 푸저우 (Pujeou)

→ Russian: Фучжо́у (Fučžóu)

→ Zhuang: Fuzcouh

→ Spanish: Focheu, Fucheu

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/foʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/foʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, China)


泉州

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (泉州):
* → Japanese: 泉州(せんしゅう) (Senshū)
* → Korean: 천주(泉州) (Cheonju)
* → Vietnamese: Tuyền Châu (泉州)

desc

→ English: Chinchew, Chin-chiu, Chinchu, Ch'uan-chou, Ch'üan-chou, Chuanchow, Cyuanjhou, Quanzhou, Tsuan-tsiu

→ French: Quanzhou

→ Georgian: ციუენჭოუ (ciuenč̣ou)

→ German: Quanzhou

→ Korean: 취안저우 (Chwianjeou)

→ Portuguese: Quanzhou

→ Russian: Цюаньчжо́у (Cjuanʹčžóu)

→ Spanish: Quanzhou

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡suã¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡sũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/

/ʑi²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡suã¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡sũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/

/ʑi²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Quanzhou (a prefecture-level city in southeastern Fujian, China)


石井

→ English: Shijing, Shih-ching

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Shijing (a town in Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)

(～社區) Shijing (a residential community of Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


Yantai

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese 煙臺／烟台 (Yāntái, “smoke tower”), from a Ming-era signal tower on Mount Qi.

A village in the township of Haidao, Xiapu County, in the prefecture-level city of Ningde, Fujian, China.


Luoyang

Translingual: Luoyanggia

From Chinese 洛陽／洛阳 (Luòyáng, “sunny side of the Luo River”), referring to two separate Luo rivers.

bor

A community of the district of Luojiang, in the prefecture-level city of Quanzhou, Fujian, China, famed for a celebrated bridge.


東海

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

(～鎮) Donghai (a town in Chengxiang district, Putian, Fujian, China)


Changsha

/(ˈ)t͡ʃæŋˈʃɑ/

A village in Huangqi, Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.


海島

→ English: Haidao

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/xuɛ²¹ tɔ⁵⁵/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ tau⁵²⁻²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/xuɛ²¹ tɔ⁵⁵/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ tau⁵²⁻²¹/

(～鄉) Haidao (a township in Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


石盤

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

(～村) Shipan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


金門

desc

→ English: Kinmen, Quemoy, Chinmen, Chin-men, Jinmen

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² muĩ¹³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² muĩ¹³/

(～縣) Kinmen (a county of Taiwan (Republic of China); de jure part of its Fujian Province)


促進

/t͡sʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sɵn³³/

/tʰɵk̚⁵⁵ tin³³/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sin²¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sin⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sin²¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sin¹¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sin²¹/

/t͡sʰok̚²⁻⁴ t͡siŋ²¹³/

/t͡sʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sɵn³³/

/tʰɵk̚⁵⁵ tin³³/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sin²¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sin⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sin²¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sin¹¹/

/t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sin²¹/

/t͡sʰok̚²⁻⁴ t͡siŋ²¹³/

(～村) Cujin (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


南海

/nän³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/naːm²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ⁿdam²² hᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

/nän³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/naːm²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ⁿdam²² hᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

; "Nanhai, Guangdong, China; Nanhai Commandery"

(～鄉) Nanhai (a township in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


閩南

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/miŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/miŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

southern Fujian (a region of Fujian, China)


九龍

ja-r

九龍(きゅうりゅう) (Kyūryū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (九龍):
* → Japanese: 九龍(きゅうりゅう) (Kyūryū)
* → Korean: 구룡(九龍) (Guryong)
* → Vietnamese: Cửu Long (九龍)

English: Kowloon

Japanese: 九龍(クーロン) (Kūron), 九龍(カウロン) (Kauron)

Korean: 주룽 (jurung)

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ¹³/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/

/kiu⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ loŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ¹³/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/

/kiu⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ loŋ⁴⁴/

(～江) Jiulong River (a river in southern Fujian)

北溪

upper reaches, above the confluence with the Xixi


新羅

/ɕin⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

(～區) Xinluo (a district of Longyan, Fujian, China)


梅花

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/muĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/me̞i̯¹³ ɸa̠³³/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/muĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/me̞i̯¹³ ɸa̠³³/

(～鎮) Meihua (a town in Changle district, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


Ao

From atonal romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 鰲／鳌 (Áo) and 敖 (Áo).

The Ao River currently provides water for Lianjian^([sic – meaning Lianjiang]) County, irrigation for agriculture, water to villages for drinking, to fish farms, animal farms, and industries. Before the construction of the Shanzai dam the dry season flow in the Ao River at the water works at downstream Lianjian^([sic – meaning Lianjiang]) County has fallen so low (to 8.5m³/sec) that it was necessary to limited the water intake rate to the water works.[…](iii) obtain how data or the Ao River at Lianjian^([sic – meaning Lianjiang]) County from the Fujian Provincial Hydrology Department to monitor the effect of water diversion from the Tang Ban Reservoir on the quality and quantity of downstream water;[…]

1998, Fuzhou Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment Project in the People's Republic of China, Asian Development Bank, →OCLC, pages 10, 17:

Chiang said her father was born in Lianjiang, and he knew very well that if there was no dike, places like Gui'an and Taoyuan villages would be flooded every year.
"Just a while ago, when it rained heavily, waterlogging can be seen in many places. At that time, I was looking at the course of the Aojiang River, when I suddenly realized that we were defending our homeland."

[2021 December 12, “Three ordinary Taiwan locals who made new lives across the Strait”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2023-04-08:


流水

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐu̯²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/lau²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/liu²⁴⁻²² sui⁵⁵⁴/

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐu̯²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/lau²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/liu²⁴⁻²² sui⁵⁵⁴/

(～鎮) Liushui (a town in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


政和

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ wɔː²¹/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ wɔː²¹/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

(～縣) Zhenghe (a county of Nanping, Fujian, China)


大橋

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/taːi̯²² kʰiːu̯²¹/

/du²² d͡ʑiɔ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/taːi̯²² kʰiːu̯²¹/

/du²² d͡ʑiɔ⁴⁴/

(～鎮) Daqiao (a town in Gutian, Ningde, Fujian, China)


大田

/tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰiːn²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan¹³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²³/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tiɛn²³/

/tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰiːn²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan¹³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²³/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tiɛn²³/

(～縣) Datian (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


古城

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～村) Gucheng (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


宮西

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

(～村) Gongxi (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


古田

→ English: Gutian, Kucheng

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰan²⁴/

(～縣) Gutian (a county of Ningde, Fujian, China)


古田

→ English: Gutian

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

(～鎮) Gutian (a town in Shanghang, Longyan, Fujian, China)


高崎

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² kia²⁴/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² kia²⁴/

(～村) Gaoqi (a village in Huli district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


三明

/sän⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/

/sam²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/sän⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/

/sam²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

(～市) Sanming (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


Zhang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 漳 (Zhāng).


丹陽

/tän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/tän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～鎮) Danyang (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


上京

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

(～鎮) Shangjing (a town in Datian, Sanming, Fujian, China)


Min

The Lamyet (or Nanjeih) islands are situated to the northeastward of Chinchew bay, the nearest distant about forty miles. The mainland, leaving its usual northeastern direction, runs out due east for above thirty miles, and the first of the Lamyet islands lies off the easternmost point of it. From hence there is an almost uninterrupted series of islands and islets, up to the mouth of the Yangtsze keäng. The Lamyet islands are opposite to the entrance of a deep bay, at the bottom of which is the city of Hinghwa foo, the capital of the most fertile portion of Fuhkeën. This bay, however, has not yet been visited by foreigners. The outermost of the Lamyet islands, named by Ross Ocksou, was found, when passed by the ships of Lord Amherst’s embassy, to be in lat .24° 59' 15" north, lon. 119° 34' 30" east. About thirty miles further to the northward, we pass between an island of peculiar form and the main. This island is named Haetan, the altar of the sea ; in shape it is semicircular, and of nearly equal breadth throughout. A few miles above this island we reach the mouth of the river Min.

1837 May, “Coast of China: the division of it into four portions ; brief description of the principal places on the southeastern, eastern, and northeastern portions.”, in The Chinese Repository, volume VI, number 1, Canton, →OCLC, pages 12–13:

We traveled down the Min River from Nanping in a small sampan, flying the American flag for protection against bandits and soldiers. Those were the days when the Stars and Stripes still afforded some protection.

1953, John C. Caldwell, China Coast Family, Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 96:

Matsu is about 200 miles north of Quemoy and flanks the mouth of the Min River. The mainland city of Foochow, famed for its lacquer craftsmanship, is a short distance up the Min.

1973 November 4, “Matsu is strong, prosperous”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 43, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2:

We left Foochow after an early breakfast, and after half an hour on a boat ferry that took us from the city environs across the Min River and up a tributary, we landed in Minhou county, and took the highway that led across Yungtai county to Tehua.

1975, Rewi Alley, “Some Fukien Pottery Kilns, Ancient and Modern”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XIV, number 3, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 26, column 2:

Foochow was a picturesque city of considerable size and consequence before its designation in 1842 as one of the five original treaty ports. It was the headquarters of Manchu civil and military offcialdom in Fukien Province. Its location on the Min River, which flowed through a major tea-producing district, and its excellent harbor gave the city additional importance as a port.

1978, Burton F. Beers, China in Old Photographs 1860-1910, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 111:

In a small store in Tingjiang, across the Min River in Lianjiang County, questions about smuggling people into America prompted a lively discussion.

2003 September 7, David W. Chen, “For Many Chinese, America's Allure Is Fading”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27, World:


雲霄

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/huŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nieu⁵⁵/

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/huŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nieu⁵⁵/

/un²⁴⁻¹¹ sio⁴⁴/

/un¹³⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²⁴⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²³⁻³³ siɤ⁴⁴/

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/huŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nieu⁵⁵/

/un²⁴⁻¹¹ sio⁴⁴/

/un¹³⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²⁴⁻²² sio⁴⁴/

/un²³⁻³³ siɤ⁴⁴/

(～縣) Yunxiao (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


詔安

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sieu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡siou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/t͡siau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sieu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡siou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/t͡siau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

(～縣) Zhao'an (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


馬尾

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mui³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bue⁴⁴⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mui³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bue⁴⁴⁵/

(～區) Mawei (a district of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


城南

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

(～村) Chengnan (a village in Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


煙臺

→ English: Yantai, Yen-tai, Yen-t'ai

/jɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/ieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nai⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai¹³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ tʰai⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/ieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nai⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai¹³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ tʰai⁵⁵/

(～村) Yantai (a village in the township of Haidao, Xiapu County, in the prefecture-level city of Ningde, Fujian, China)


古山

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～村) Gushan (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


漳州

ja-r

漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (漳州):
* → Japanese: 漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)
* → Korean: 장주(漳州) (Jangju)
* → Vietnamese: Chương Châu (漳州)

desc

→ English: Zhangzhou, Chang-chou, Changchow, Chang-chow, Changchew, Chiangchew, Tsiang-tsiu

→ Dutch: Zhangzhou, Tsiang-tsiu

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Zhangzhou (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)

(historical) Zhang Prefecture (a former prefecture of Fujian, China)


南平

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

(～市) Nanping (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


莆田

→ English: Putian, Putien, P'u-t'ien

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Putian (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)

(～縣) (historical) Putian (a former county of Fujian, China)

(～地區) (historical) Putian (a former prefecture of Fujian, China)


三沙

→ English: Sansha

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Sansha (a town in Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


石獅

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

(～市) Shishi (a county-level city in Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


羅盤

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ pʰuːn²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ puã²³/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ pʰuːn²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ puã²³/

(～村) Luopan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


梅林

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Nanjing, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


石鼓

→ English: Shigu

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² kuː³⁵/

/səʔ⁵⁴⁻² ku⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kɔ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kɔ⁴¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² kuː³⁵/

/səʔ⁵⁴⁻² ku⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kɔ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kɔ⁴¹/

(～鎮) Shigu (a town in Yongchung, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


看守

/kʰän⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/

/kʰuã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siu⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰuã²¹⁻⁵³ siu⁵³/

/kʰan²¹⁻⁴¹ siu⁴¹/

/kʰan¹¹⁻⁵³ siu⁵³/

/kʰän⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/

/kʰuã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siu⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰuã²¹⁻⁵³ siu⁵³/

/kʰan²¹⁻⁴¹ siu⁴¹/

/kʰan¹¹⁻⁵³ siu⁵³/

(～社區) Kanshou (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


龍海

/lʊŋ³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai³³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² hai⁵³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hai⁵³/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/lʊŋ³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai³³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² hai⁵³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hai⁵³/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

From the names of the former counties 龍溪／龙溪 (Lóngxī) and 海澄 (Hǎichéng) that were merged to form Longhai.

zh-l

龍溪／龙溪 (Lóngxī)

(～區, formerly ～市; ～縣) Longhai (a district of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China; a former county-level city and county)


福清

desc

→ English: Fooching, Fuching, Fu-ch'ing, Fuqing, Futsing, Hokchia, Hokchiang

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiã⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiã⁴⁴/

(～市) Fuqing (a county-level city in Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


興化

→ English: Xinghua, Hinghwa, Henghua

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/

/hiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑ²¹³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/

/hiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑ²¹³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

(～縣) (historical) Xinghua (a county in modern-day Putian, Fujian, China)


平潭

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰaːm²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰam¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰam²⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰam²³/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰaːm²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰam¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰam²⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰam²³/

(～島) Pingtan (the largest island in Fujian, China)

(～縣) Pingtan (a county of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


洛江

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

(～區) Luojiang (a district of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


龍江

→ English: Longjiang

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

As a Zhejiang village and port, in reference to its position on the south bank of the lower Ao, locally known as the Qinglong River (青龍江／青龙江 (qīnglóng jiāng)).


思明

/sz̩⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/sz̩⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

Originally named by Koxinga during the Southern Ming resistance to the Qing Empire.

(～區) Siming (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


湯頭

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

(～村) Tangtou (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


石壁

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² pɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² pɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

(～鎮) Shibi (a town in Ninghua, Sanming, Fujian, China)


Gutian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 古田 (Gǔtián).

Kucheng

from Fuzhou dialect via Foochow Romanization

At Shuikou, on the border between Minqing and Gutian, on the mainstream of the Min Jiang, Fujian Province will build the largest hydroelectric power station in the East China region.

1983 August 30 [1983 June 29], “Conditions Said Ripe to Begin Construction of Shuikou Hydropower Project”, in China Report, Economic Affairs, number 377, →OCLC, page 25:

Red ferment is one in which red mould grows on polished round rice, and is a specialty of the area round Gutian and Pingnan in Fujian province.

2010, Zhengping (李争平) Li, translated by 译谷 [Shanghai Ego], 中国酒: 英文 [Chinese Wine: Universe in a Bottle], Beijing: China Intercontinental Press (五洲传播出版社), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 29:

[Bian Baoquan] denounces Wang Yuchang, district magistrate of Gutian, Fujian, for incompetency, cowardice and avarice, and possessing a decidedly bad reputation amongst his colleagues. On account of his memorialist has already deposed the said magistrate from his post at Gutian, but he thinks that this man deserves further punishment for failing at the beginning to report a rioting of the "Vegetarians" in his district, preferring to buy peace by asking certain persons to promise concessions to the demands of the secret society men in order to keep them quiet.

2018 [1895 December 14], Lane J. Harris, The Peking Gazette: A Reader in Nineteenth-Century Chinese History, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 264:

Survivors of the peasant movement recall seeing Mao Zedong at Gutian, a day’s walk from the village, during the Gutian Conference in December 1929.

1983, Victor Nee, “Post-Mao Changes in a South China Production Brigade”, in Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, editor, China from Mao to Deng: The Politics and Economics of Socialist Development, Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 63, column 2:

A place about thirteen miles west of Longyan called Gutian produced an unusual person. […] All visitors to western Fujian Province knew that an earth emperor was living in Gutian, and all were curious to meet him and to admire his style. Quite unexpectedly I had an opportunity to go to Gutian: Wugou and Shanshan, tired of life in Shanghai, came to visit me in the ancient farming village of Longyan, and I took time out to roam with them through all the scenic places close by.

2001, Xie Bingying, “A Traveling Life”, in Lily Chia Brissman, Barry Brissman, transl., A Woman Soldier's Own Story: The Autobiography of Xie Bingying, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 244–245:

At Gutian, Mao made much of introducing a resolution to abolish the practice. This move was tremendously popular with the soldiers. But a few months later, when the Gutian resolutions were circulated, this item was not among them.

2005, Jung Chang, Jon Halliday, Mao: The Unknown Story, New York: Anchor Books, →ISBN, page 73:

A town in Shanghang, Longyan, Fujian, China.


寧德

→ English: Ningde, Ning-te

/niŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾naiʔ²⁴/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/n̠ʲin²² təʔ⁴⁴/

/niŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾naiʔ²⁴/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/n̠ʲin²² təʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Ningde (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


武夷山

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ i³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/u²¹ i²¹ suiŋ⁵⁴/

/u³³⁻³⁵ i⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ i³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/u²¹ i²¹ suiŋ⁵⁴/

/u³³⁻³⁵ i⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

(～市) Wuyishan (a county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China)


連江

→ English: Lianjiang, Lienchiang, Lien-chiang, Lienkiang, Lienkong

/li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

(～縣) Lianjiang (a county of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)

The accumulating, gathering, examining and investigating of medicinal plant specimens in the Lien-chiang and others Islets, and at the individual villages and towns of Lien-chiang County will be carried out:

2000, Investigation and Study on The Resources of Chinese Crude Drugs in Taiwan (8) – (Investigation and Study on The Medicinal Plants in Lien-chiang County) 台灣產中藥材資源之調查研究（八）-連江縣藥用植物資源之調查報告, Hsieh, Wen-Chiuan 謝文全

Liánjiāng Xiàn yánhǎi jí gè xiāngzhèn yào yòng zhíwù biāoběn zhī sōují, cǎijí, jiàndìng jí diàochá.

連江縣沿海及各鄉鎮藥用植物標本之蒐集、採集、鑑定及調查。

连江县沿海及各乡镇药用植物标本之搜集、采集、鉴定及调查。

(～縣) Lienchiang (a county of Taiwan (Republic of China); de jure part of its Fujian Province; administrative name for the Matsu Islands)


長龍

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Changlong (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a township)


高車

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ kɵy̯⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ kɵy̯⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Gaoche (a township in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

(～村) Gaoche (a village in Gaoche, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


光澤

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡saːk̚²/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡saːk̚²/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

(～縣) Guangze (a county of Nanping, Fujian, China)


三元

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～區) Sanyuan (a district of Sanming, Fujian, China)


平海

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Pinghai (a town in Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


龍巖

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋaŋ⁵³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² nã²⁴/

/lioŋ¹¹ nã¹¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiam²⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋaŋ⁵³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² nã²⁴/

/lioŋ¹¹ nã¹¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiam²⁴/

(～市) Longyan (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


永福

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ fʊk̚⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ fʊk̚⁵/

(～鎮) Yongfu (a town in Zhangping, Longyan, Fujian, China)


霞浦

→ English: Hsia-p'u, Hsiapu, Siapu, Xiapu

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²¹ pʰou̯³⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²¹ pʰou̯³⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

(～縣) Xiapu (a county of Ningde, Fujian, China)


三山

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(informal) Alternative name for 福州 (Fúzhōu), Fuzhou (a city in Fujian, China)


城關

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/siã¹³⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan³³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/siã¹³⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan³³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

(historical) (～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, former name of Tancheng)


同安

→ English: Tong'an, T’ung-an, Tangua

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰuŋ¹¹ on²⁴/

/tuŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰuŋ¹¹ on²⁴/

/tuŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

(～區) Tong'an (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


惠安

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/hie²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui⁴¹⁻²² uã³³/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/hie²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui⁴¹⁻²² uã³³/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

(～縣) Hui'an (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


晉江

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (晉江):
* → Vietnamese: Tấn Giang (晉江)

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

Jin River (a river in southern Fujian, China)

(～市, formerly ～縣) Jinjiang (a county-level city and former county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


建甌

→ English: Chien-ou, Jian'ou

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋɛu⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋɛu⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴/

(～市) Jian'ou (a county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China)


Dongxiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東庠／东庠 (Dōngxiáng).

A township in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

Located to the northeast of Haitan Island, Dongxiang Island is embraced by sea.[…]
Dongxiang Island is populated with stone folk dwellings. The stone houses along the island's beaches have created a unique landscape.

c. 2010's, “Dongxiang Island”, in China Daily, archived from the original on 2019-10-04:

An island in Dongxiang, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China


南詔

Sino-Xenic (南詔):
* → Japanese: 南(なん)詔(しょう) (Nanshō)
* → Korean: 남조(南詔) (Namjo)
* → Vietnamese: Nam Chiếu (南詔)

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(～鎮) Nanzhao (a town in Zhao'an, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


Chinchew

/t͡ʃɪnˈt͡ʃuː/

Uncertain. Either:
* Borrowed from Spanish Chincheo directly or indirectly via Portuguese Chincheo, ultimately from Hokkien 漳州 (Cheng-chiu, “Chiangchew/Zhangzhou”, IPA: /t͡ɕiɪŋ³³ t͡ɕiu³³/) specifically of the Quanzhou Hokkien dialect pronunciation, according to Van der Loon (1967), Boxer (1953) and the 1902 Encyclopedia from older late 1800s records, due to European sailors initially denoting on maps the Bay of Amoy and surrounding areas as "漳州" with various transcriptions such as "Chiochiu", "Chanchiu", "Chincheo", etc. as per Van der Loon (1967).
* From a supposed previous "Tsuien-chow" romanization, from Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/) according to Duncan (1902)
Compare Chiangchew. See also Hokkien 晉江／晋江 (Chìn-kang), 泉州 (Choân-chiu), 漳州 (Chiang-chiu / Cheng-chiu), 漳江.

cog

IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

The Lamyet (or Nanjeih) islands are situated to the northeastward of Chinchew bay, the nearest distant about forty miles. The mainland, leaving its usual northeastern direction, runs out due east for above thirty miles, and the first of the Lamyet islands lies off the easternmost point of it. From hence there is an almost uninterrupted series of islands and islets, up to the mouth of the Yangtsze keäng. The Lamyet islands are opposite to the entrance of a deep bay, at the bottom of which is the city of Hinghwa foo, the capital of the most fertile portion of Fuhkeën. This bay, however, has not yet been visited by foreigners. The outermost of the Lamyet islands, named by Ross Ocksou, was found, when passed by the ships of Lord Amherst’s embassy, to be in lat .24° 59' 15" north, lon. 119° 34' 30" east. About thirty miles further to the northward, we pass between an island of peculiar form and the main. This island is named Haetan, the altar of the sea ; in shape it is semicircular, and of nearly equal breadth throughout. A few miles above this island we reach the mouth of the river Min.

It was then suggested that if two more men were ready perhaps it would be well to appoint them for the region north of us, to carry the Gospel to the villages and towns between Amoy and Chinchew and see whether the way might not be open to begin operations in that city. Chinchew is an important city near the seacoast, about one-third of the way from Amoy to Foochovv. The suggestion concerning the appointment of men for Chinchew was new to us.

1894, John Gerardus Fagg, Forty Years in South China, New York: Anson D. F. Randolph & Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 135:

They holed easily; once, off Chinchew, when Dent’s Lord Amherst chose to send a few warning rounds over the heads of several anchored rather too close, a gun happened to hang fire until the ship rolled, and she accidentally put a ball smack into one and saw her fill and go down.

1975, Peter Ward Fay, The Opium War 1840-1842, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, published 1997, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124:

Worcester (1972, 22) indicates that the whitewash used on ships around Chinchew, China, contains wood oil extracted from the poisonous seeds of Dryandra cordifolia which prevents attack by sea worms.

1989, Gunnar Thompson, Nu Sun, Fresno, CA: Pioneer Publishing Co., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 214:

Sailing under Spanish colours with his cousin William McKay at the helm, Matheson left the safe haven of Canton and headed north to Chinchew (Quanzhou), in Fujian. There, Matheson managed to offload $80,000- (over £17,000)- worth of the drug — enough to persuade him to return in the autumn - when storms forced his ship to take shelter 30 miles short of Chinchew in what turned out to be the region’s principal opium port.

2016, Liam Byrne, “William Jardine”, in Dragons: Ten Entrepreneurs Who Built Britain, Head of Zeus, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 227:

Rizal’s great, great grandfather named Domingo Lamco (also called Lam-co, Cua Yi Lam in Hokkien or Ke Yi-nan in Mandarin) was a native of Sionque, in the Chinchew district of the province of Fookien. He migrated to the Philippines due to political unrest in China and settled in Calamba in 1697.

2019 April 21, Jojie Alcantara, “The Jose Rizal Square in Jinjiang, China”, in SunStar, archived from the original on 2023-04-01:

(dated) Quanzhou (a city in southern Fujian, China)


閩侯

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/mɐn¹³ hɐu̯²¹/

/mɐn²¹ hɐu̯²¹/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋɑu²⁴²/

/ban²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/mɐn¹³ hɐu̯²¹/

/mɐn²¹ hɐu̯²¹/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋɑu²⁴²/

/ban²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/

From 閩／闽 (Mǐn) + 侯官, the names of the two counties that merged to form the Minhou county in 1912.

(～縣) Minhou (a county of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


Sanming

The Southeast uplands are generally poor in mineral resources, but coal and iron were evidently abundant enough to justify the construction of a medium-size integrated iron and steel plant in Fukien at Sanming during the Great Leap. Coal for the Sanming operation is mined in the Changping-Lungyen district and iron ore at nearby Hwaan.

1972, Theodore Shabad, China's Changing Map, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 170:

In 1959, on my way to Changting from Sanming in north Fukien, the bus stopped at an eating place and I got into conversation with a young woman at the same table.

1976, Hung-ying Liao, “My Old Home Revisited”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XV, number 2, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 14:

A young woman had just finished her dancing class and was on her way home when I accosted her. She was Wan Li, a cadre at the economics ministry. She had gone to the Dalian Foreign Language Institute (she hadn't met Cherry Blossom there, unfortunately) but she had been raised in the central Fujian town of Sanming. That town had the reputation in China of being somewhat utopian. It had been developed by people from all over China, before the Cultural Revolution. Miss Wan claimed that everything that had been said about Sanming was true—no problems, no pollution, perfect integration, a model city.
"Any Tibetans in Sanming?"
"No," Miss Wan said. "They have to stay in Tibet and solve their own problems. But people in Sanming are very civilized. They are from all places. Like the United States!"

1988, Paul Theroux, “The Night Train to Xiamen: Number 375”, in Riding the Iron Rooster: By Train Through China, G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 410–411:

The outbreak in Sanming city in Fujian killed 27 animals on a farm of 11,950 pigs, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said in a statement on its website.

2018 December 20, Hallie Gu, Tom Daly, “China confirms new African swine fever outbreak in Fujian province”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-12-20, Health News:

A prefecture-level city in Fujian, China.


Changtai

/(ˈ)t͡ʃæŋˈtaɪ/

From the Postal Map romanization of Mandarin 長泰／长泰 (Chángtài).

Even in Tegal, where the temple still retains its original name, some other deities—Xuantian shangdi, Shennong, and Qingyuan zhenjun (a deity worshipped by the people from Changtai district, Fujian province), etc.—have been introduced.

1993, Claudine Salmon, “Cults Peculiar to the Chinese in Java”, in Cheu Hock Tong, editor, Chinese Beliefs and Practices in Southeast Asia (Studies on the Chinese Religion in Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia), Pelanduk Publications, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 297:

Just north of Zhangzhou city, in Changtai county, a branch of the Anti-Opium Society was established in 1907. Under its leadership, opium dens were shut down, and opium shops were licensed or closed. The only available account of the suppression campaign in Changtai expresses serious misgivings about the effectiveness of the society, however, claiming that what appeared to be progress was simply the transformation of an open trade in opium into an underground commerce.

2003, Joyce A. Madancy, “Provincial Patterns of Reform Before the Revolution of 1911”, in The Troublesome Legacy of Commissioner Lin: The Opium Trade and Opium Suppression in Fujian Province, 1820s to 1920s (Harvard East Asian Monographs), volume 227, Harvard University Asia Center, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 173:

A district of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a county.


長泰

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/tio¹³⁻²² tʰua²¹/

/tio²⁴⁻²² tʰua²¹/

/tiɔ̃²⁴⁻²² tʰua²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/tio¹³⁻²² tʰua²¹/

/tio²⁴⁻²² tʰua²¹/

/tiɔ̃²⁴⁻²² tʰua²¹/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Changtai (a district and former county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


Jian'ou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 建甌／建瓯 (Jiàn'ōu).

Li, from Jianou in Fujian province, was confirmed to have been infected with the H5N1 bird flu virus in March.
"A doctor in her village will carry out medical checks every day and report her condition to us to ensure her complete recovery," said Huang Jian, deputy director of Jianou's Health Bureau.

[2007 May 29, “China says bird flu patient recovers, goes home”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-04-27:

Every now and then, Wan Zijing likes to bring up something that happened many years ago when we had both participated in the Provincial Young Writers’ Association conference in the historical city of Jian’ou.

2013, Li Han, “Late Stage”, in Josh Stenberg, transl., Irina's Hat: New Short Stories from China, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 155:

A county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China.


Nanping

Work centers in Nanping (formerly called Yenping) where are located the Nanping General Hospital and a high school for boys and girls. The conference has about 50 churches and 3,000 members. This conference is in Free China. Refugee institutions from Foochow have been temporarily located within the Yenping Conference—the Hwa Nan College and Hwa Nan High School at Nanping, and the Anglo-Chinese College and Union Kindergarten Training School at Yankow.

1944, Arthur J. Moore, Christ After Chaos, New York: Board of Missions and Church Extension The Methodist Church, →OCLC, page 32:

We traveled down the Min River from Nanping in a small sampan, flying the American flag for protection against bandits and soldiers. Those were the days when the Stars and Stripes still afforded some protection.

1953, John C. Caldwell, China Coast Family, Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 96:

Parents burn paper money to mourn for school students who were stabbed to death by a man at a primary school in Nanping, Fujian province March 24, 2010.

2010 April 12, “China stabbings spur public call for school security”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-07, World News:


武警

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mou̯¹³ kɪŋ³⁵/

/bu⁵²⁻³⁵ keŋ³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mou̯¹³ kɪŋ³⁵/

/bu⁵²⁻³⁵ keŋ³⁵/

(～社區) Wujing (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


仙遊

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/siːn⁵⁵ jɐu̯²¹/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² iu²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² iu¹³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²³/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/siːn⁵⁵ jɐu̯²¹/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² iu²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² iu¹³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²³/

(～縣) Xianyou (a county of Putian, Fujian, China)


Yongchun

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永春 (Yǒngchūn).

Born in Yongchun county in the southern coastal province of Fujian, Xu spent years in the NDRC’s powerful pricing department.

2014 September 15, Michael Martina, Matthew Miller, Beijing newsroom, “'Mr. Confession' and his boss drive China's antitrust crusade”, in Ian Geoghegan, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-04-23, Top News:

The deity in the center is Master Qingshui. He was born in Yongchun County, Fujian in 1037. Master Qingshui left home at an early age to become a monk, and quickly became renowned for his intelligence and mastery of the sutras.

(Can we date this quote?), “Longshan temple [四鯤鯓龍山寺]”, in Office of English as the Second Official Language, Tainan City Government, archived from the original on 2022-08-03:


永春

desc

→ English: Yongchun, Yung-ch'un, Eng-chhun, Eng Chhun, Eng Choon

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/iŋ³³⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))ʒuŋ⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰun³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/iŋ³³⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))ʒuŋ⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰun³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

(～縣) Yongchun (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


海豐

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ³³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ hoŋ³³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ³³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ hoŋ³³/

(～社區) Haifeng (a residential community of Huangqi, Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


安溪

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² kʰue⁴⁴/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² kʰue⁴⁴/

(～縣) Anxi (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


沙洋

/ʂä⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ʂä⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

(～村) Shayang (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


Fogán

Borrowed from Chinese 福安 (Fú'ān), probably via the local pronunciation in the Fu'an dialect of Eastern Min.

De la cruel persecusion, que parece nuestra Christiandad de Fogán, desde el año de 1746.

1750, La Christiandad de Fogan, en la provincia de Fokien, en el imperio de China, cruelmente perseguida del impio Cheu-Hio-kien Virrey de dicha Provincia., page 3:

(historical) Fu'an (a county-level city in Ningde, Fujian, China)


邵武

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Shaowu (a county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China)


福鼎

/fu³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ tɪŋ³⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁴¹/

/fu³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ tɪŋ³⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁴¹/

(～市) Fuding (a county-level city in Ningde, Fujian, China)


漳平

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

(～市) Zhangping (a county-level city in Longyan, Fujian, China)


福安

→ English: Fu'an, Fogan

→ Spanish: Fu'an, Fogán

⇒ Spanish: foganero

→ Latin:

⇒ Latin: foganensis

/fu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ an³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ an³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

(～市) Fu'an (a county-level city in Ningde, Fujian, China)


南安

/nän³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

(～市) Nan'an (a county-level city in Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


閩清

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/min³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ban²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiã⁴⁴/

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/min³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ban²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiã⁴⁴/

(～縣) Minqing (a county of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


長樂

→ English: Changle, Changlo

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lɔːk̚²/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡoʔ⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/

/tiɤ²³⁻³³ lɤʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻²² loʔ⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lɔːk̚²/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡoʔ⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/

/tiɤ²³⁻³³ lɤʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻²² loʔ⁴/

(～區, formerly ～市) Changle (a district and former county-level city in Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


高陂

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴⁻¹¹ pi²⁴/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴⁻¹¹ pi²⁴/

(～鎮) Gaobei (a town in Yongding district, Longyan, Fujian, China)


Longyan

In view of the successful results of the program for the establishment of owner-farmers that had been previously achieved at Lungyen, one of the seven hsien under the 7th Prefecture in Western Fukien Province, the 7th Prefectural Office wanted to implement a similar program in the other six hsien and submitted to JCRR, in January, 1949, a project for land reform and rural reconstruction.

[1954 October, Hui-sun Tang, “The Land Problem and Land Reform in Taiwan”, in Land Reform in Free China, Taipei: China Engraving & Printing Works, →OCLC, page 19:

Xinhua, the official news agency, said that nearly half the children who were tested last week in Longyan City in Fujian Province showed abnormally high levels of lead, which can cause developmental problems in children as well as a host of other ailments, including anemia, stomach pain and brain damage.

2009 September 27, Andrew Jacobs, “Chinese Tests Reveal Lead in Children Near a Plant”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-04-29, Asia Pacific:

A prefecture-level city in southwestern Fujian, China.


Fuqing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 福清 (Fúqīng).

The 1.1 billion yuan ($152 million) sea bridge will connect Pingtan Island, located in the Taiwan Strait, to Fuqing, a city on the main landmass of eastern Fujian Province,[…]

2007 October 13, “China to build sea bridge to 5th-largest island”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-15, World News:

Yang Fengqin, an 87-year-old grandmother from the coastal city of Fuqing, in Fujian Province, has lived with one of her sons for 50 years and still heads to the market each day to buy ingredients for meals she cooks for him and a grandson.

2012 October 1, Alex Frew McMillan, Eveline Danubrata, “Old Age in China Is a Fledgling Business Opportunity”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-10-02, Global Business:

The reactor, located in the city of Fuqing city in China’s southeastern Fujian province, was designed to have a 60-year lifespan, with its core equipment domestically produced.

2021 January 30, “China’s first Hualong One nuclear reactor begins operations”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-01-30:

A county-level city in Fuzhou, Fujian, China.


羅源

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ jyːn²¹/

/l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ŋuoŋ⁵³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ jyːn²¹/

/l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ŋuoŋ⁵³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

(～縣) Luoyuan (a county of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


永泰

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ tʰaːi̯³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰai⁴¹/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai¹¹/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ tʰaːi̯³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰai⁴¹/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai¹¹/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

(～縣) Yongtai (a county of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


壽寧

/ʂoʊ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/sɐu̯²² nɪŋ²¹/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ nˡiŋ⁵³/

/siu²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siu⁴¹⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/siu²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ¹³/

/siu³³⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siu³³⁻²¹ liɪŋ²³/

/ʂoʊ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/sɐu̯²² nɪŋ²¹/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ nˡiŋ⁵³/

/siu²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siu⁴¹⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/siu²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ¹³/

/siu³³⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siu³³⁻²¹ liɪŋ²³/

(～縣) Shouning (a county of Ningde, Fujian, China)


湖里

/xu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hu⁵³⁻³³ l̃i³³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² li⁵³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ li⁴¹/

/xu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hu⁵³⁻³³ l̃i³³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² li⁵³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ li⁴¹/

(～區) Huli (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


柘榮

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɛː³³ wɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sia²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iŋ⁵³/

/t͡sia²¹⁻⁵³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡sia⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡sia²¹⁻⁵³ iɪŋ¹³/

/t͡sia¹¹⁻⁵³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡sia²¹⁻⁴¹ iɪŋ²³/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɛː³³ wɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sia²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iŋ⁵³/

/t͡sia²¹⁻⁵³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡sia⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡sia²¹⁻⁵³ iɪŋ¹³/

/t͡sia¹¹⁻⁵³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡sia²¹⁻⁴¹ iɪŋ²³/

(～縣) Zherong (a county of Ningde, Fujian, China)


周寧

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

(～縣) Zhouning (a county of Ningde, Fujian, China)


海滄

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

(～區) Haicang (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


翔安

/ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

(～區) Xiang'an (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


Ningde

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寧德／宁德 (Níngdé).

These 40,000 are a very interesting people who say they once lived in Kwangtung, but who came up to Chekiang through the high hill tops of Fukien where, in Ningteh county in north-eastern Fukien, 134,000 of them now form the largest group in any one place.

[1976, Rewi Alley, “A Visit to Pottery Sites and She People”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XV, number 4, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 23, column 1:

The Ningde, Fujian-based company is ramping up production and its sourcing of minerals to meet growing demand for EVs. Consulting firm Wood Mackenzie has said CATL is on track to more than triple its cell manufacturing capacity by 2025.

2022 May 6, Christoph Steitz, Ben Klayman, “EXCLUSIVE CATL planning EV battery production in United States, vetting sites-sources”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-03-21, Technology:

A prefecture-level city in Fujian, China.


集美

/t͡ɕi³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siʔ⁵⁻³³ mi³³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² bi⁵³/

/t͡sip̚²⁴⁻² bi⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ bi⁵³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² bi⁵³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² bi⁴¹/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siʔ⁵⁻³³ mi³³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² bi⁵³/

/t͡sip̚²⁴⁻² bi⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ bi⁵³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² bi⁵³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² bi⁴¹/

(～區) Jimei (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


南靖

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒɛiŋ²⁴²/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒɛiŋ²⁴²/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/

(～縣) Nanjing (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


華安

/xu̯ä³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/hua⁵³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² an³³/

/hua¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/hua⁵³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² an³³/

/hua¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

(～縣) Hua'an (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


薌城

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/hyoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/hyoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

(～區) Xiangcheng (a district of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


沙縣

/ʂä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sa²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯en⁵⁵/

/sa⁵⁵⁻⁵³ kaiŋ²⁴²/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² kuãi²²/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² kuãi²²/

/ʂä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sa²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯en⁵⁵/

/sa⁵⁵⁻⁵³ kaiŋ²⁴²/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² kuãi²²/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² kuãi²²/

沙縣小吃

沙县小吃

Sha County District (a former county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


松溪

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœyŋ³³ kʰa⁵⁴/

/syŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰue⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰoi³³/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœyŋ³³ kʰa⁵⁴/

/syŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰue⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰoi³³/

(～縣) Songxi (a county of Nanping, Fujian, China)


龍文

/lʊŋ³⁵ wən³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ mɐn²¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((Ø-))ŋuŋ⁵³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ wən³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ mɐn²¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((Ø-))ŋuŋ⁵³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

(～區) Longwen (a district of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


漳浦

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰou̯³⁵/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰou̯³⁵/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

(～縣) Zhangpu (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


尤溪

/joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/iu²⁴⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/iu²⁴⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

(～縣) Youxi (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


鯉城

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/lei̯¹³ sɪŋ²¹/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã²⁴/

/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siã²⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã¹³/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã²⁴/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siã²³/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/lei̯¹³ sɪŋ²¹/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã²⁴/

/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siã²⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã¹³/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã²⁴/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siã²³/

(～區) Licheng (a district of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)

(～街道) Licheng (a subdistrict of Xianyou, Putian, Fujian, China)


屏南

/pʰiŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

/piŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

/piŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

(～縣) Pingnan (a county of Ningde, Fujian, China)


德化

/tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tɐk̚⁵ faː³³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²¹/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua¹¹/

/tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tɐk̚⁵ faː³³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²¹/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua¹¹/

/tɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ huɑ²¹³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hue²¹/

/tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tɐk̚⁵ faː³³/

/tɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ huɑ²¹³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hue²¹/

(～縣) Dehua (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


豐澤

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡saːk̚²/

/huŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɛiʔ⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ tiak̚²⁴/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡saːk̚²/

/huŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɛiʔ⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ tiak̚²⁴/

(～區) Fengze (a district of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


Putian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 莆田 (Pútián).

Since we mainly rely on shipping grain into southern Fujian by sea, we could construct modern docks and warehouses for grain at the ports of Xiamen, Jinzhou, Xiaocuo, and Putian Xiuyu, and organize a special shipping brigade to transport grain in, and to ship out cane sugar, fruits, aquatic products, and special local products.

1987 February 3 [1986 July 5], Zhiqin Wang, Wang Yang, “SOLVING FUJIAN'S GRAIN PROBLEM: "The Crux of the Grain Problem in Fujian and How To Deal With It"”, in China Report Economic Affairs, volume JPRS-CEA-87-007, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page 87:

Located at the southern end of the exercise area, Wuqiu Dao consists of two islets - Daqiucun [Dachiu-tsun^([sic – meaning Tachiu-tsun])] and Xiaoqiucun [Hsiaochiu-tsun] with each covering approximately one square km. Formerly a township under Fujian's Putian County, its main dialect is similar to the one spoken in the Putian and Xianyou area. It was placed under the administration of Jinmen County after the Kuomintang Government retreated from the mainland.

1996 March 21 [1996 March 18], Jixiong (0149 2623 7160) He, “There Is a Feeling of Insecurity on Jinmen, Mazu, and Other Islands”, in Daily Report: China, numbers 96-056, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 75, column 2:

Located at Xiuyu, Putian, to the north of Meizhou Bay, the designed capacity for Phase 1 is 2.6Mt pa, with two LNG tanks each with a capacity of 145 000m².

2007, The Journal of Offshore Technology, volume 15, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2:

The Wuchiu (Wuqiu) Islands are nominally administered in the PRC by the Xiuyu District of the Putian prefecture, but are in reality controlled by the Republic of China, which administers Wuchiu (Wuqiu) as part of Quemoy (Jinmen) County.

2013, Rongxing Guo, Regional China: A Business and Economic Handbook, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 44:

Putien started in 1987, when Mr Fong ventured out of his hometown of Putian, a small agricultural coastal village in China, and arrived in Singapore. He established Putien in October 2000 as a small coffee shop on Kitchener Road, operating with seven staff. For the first few years, Putien sustained losses. But Mr Fong clung to his goal of providing authentic Fujian cuisine.

2017 May 3, “Feeding the passion”, in Business Times, archived from the original on 2017-07-01:

The magazine Bitter Winter reports the government's religious affairs department of Putian spent around $75,000 last month to turn the first floor of the Three-Self Church located in the Xiuyu district's Daitou town into a publicity center to promote the Communist Party and its leaders.

2020 November 23, “Chinese Government Tells Churches to Worship the Communist Party or be Closed”, in Christian Broadcasting Network, archived from the original on 2020-11-23:


泉港

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/t͡suan²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/t͡suan²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡suan¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/t͡suan²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/t͡suan²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/t͡suan²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/t͡suan²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡suan¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/t͡suan²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/t͡suan²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

(～區) Quangang (a district of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


倉山

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Cangshan (a district of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


梅列

/meɪ̯³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹/

/meɪ̯³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹/

(～區) (historical) Meilie (a former district of Sanming, Fujian, China)


長汀

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ tʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ tʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/

(～縣) Changting (a county of Longyan, Fujian, China)


武平

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/mou̯¹³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/mou̯¹³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴/

(～縣) Wuping (a county of Longyan, Fujian, China)


泰寧

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ nɪŋ²¹/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ nɪŋ²¹/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

(～縣) Taining (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


浦城

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã²⁴/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã²⁴/

(～縣) Pucheng (a county of Nanping, Fujian, China)


順昌

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɵn²² t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/sun²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɵn²² t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/sun²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

(～縣) Shunchang (a county of Nanping, Fujian, China)


蕉城

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sieu⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liaŋ⁵³/

/t͡sio⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sio⁴⁴⁻²² siã¹³/

/t͡sio⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²⁴/

/t͡siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sieu⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liaŋ⁵³/

/t͡sio⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sio⁴⁴⁻²² siã¹³/

/t͡sio⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²⁴/

/t͡siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²³/

(～區) Jiaocheng (a district of Ningde, Fujian, China)


寧化

/niŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/nɪŋ²¹ faː³³/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑ²¹³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/niŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/nɪŋ²¹ faː³³/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑ²¹³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

(～縣) Ninghua (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


秀嶼

→ English: Xiuyu

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐu̯³³ jyː²¹/

/siu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sɯ³⁵/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐu̯³³ jyː²¹/

/siu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sɯ³⁵/

(～區) Xiuyu (a district of Putian, Fujian, China)


明溪

/miŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰue⁴⁴/

/miŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰue⁴⁴/

(～縣) Mingxi (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


晉安

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

(～區) Jin'an (a district of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


荔城

/li⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/lɐi̯²² sɪŋ²¹/

/li⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/lɐi̯²² sɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Licheng (a district of Putian, Fujian, China)


永定

→ English: Engteng, Yongding, Yung-ting

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ tɪŋ²²/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²²/

/ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tĩã¹¹/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ tɪŋ²²/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²²/

/ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tĩã¹¹/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Yongding (a district and former county of Longyan, Fujian, China)


將樂

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

(～縣) Jiangle (a county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


城廂

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/siã²³⁻³³ siũ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ siũ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² siũ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/siã²³⁻³³ siũ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ siũ⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² siũ⁴⁴/

(～區) Chengxiang (a district of Putian, Fujian, China)


涵江

/xän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/haːm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/xän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/haːm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～區) Hanjiang (a district of Putian, Fujian, China)


延平

/jɛn³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jiːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/iɛn¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

/jɛn³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jiːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/iɛn¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

(～區) Yanping (a district of Nanping, Fujian, China)

(～府) (historical) Yanping (a historical commandery of Fujian, China; whose capital was located in Nanping county)


連城

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːn²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːn²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ siã²³/

(～縣) Liancheng (a county of Longyan, Fujian, China)


上杭

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² hɔːŋ²¹/

/soŋ⁵⁵ hoŋ¹¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ haŋ²⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² hɔːŋ²¹/

/soŋ⁵⁵ hoŋ¹¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ haŋ²⁴/

(～縣) Shanghang (a county of Longyan, Fujian, China)


Hongshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 紅山／红山 (Hóngshān).

A residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.


東湖

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wuː²¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wuː²¹/

(～鎮) Donghu (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


鳳城

/fɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fʊŋ²² sɪŋ²¹/

/fɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fʊŋ²² sɪŋ²¹/

(～鎮) Fengcheng (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


平湖

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

(～鎮) Pinghu (a town in Gutian, Ningde, Fujian, China)


城北

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～村) Chengbei (a village in Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


獅城

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～鎮) Shicheng (a town in Zhouning, Ningde, Fujian, China)


紅山

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

(～社區) Hongshan (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


三際

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

Sanji (a village in Chengjiao, Shaowu, Nanping, Fujian, China)


徐墩

/ɕy³⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/ɕy³⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～镇) Xudun (a town in Jian'ou, Nanping, Fujian, China)


鼓樓

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ loʊ̯³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/ku³³⁻²¹ l̃au⁵³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lau²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lau²⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lau¹³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lau²⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lau²³/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ loʊ̯³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/ku³³⁻²¹ l̃au⁵³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lau²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lau²⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lau¹³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lau²⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lau²³/

(～區) Gulou (a district of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


Fuzcouh

Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, China)


小湖

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

(～社區) Xiaohu (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


中樓

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ loʊ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ loʊ̯³⁵/

(～鄉) Zhonglou (a township in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


白沙

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Baisha (a town in Minhou, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Baisha (a town in Hanjiang district, Putian, Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Baisha (a town in Xinluo district, Longyan, Fujian, China)

(～街道) Baisha (a subdistrict of Sanyuan district, Sanming, Fujian, China)


深滬

/ʂən⁵⁵ xu⁵¹/

/sɐm⁵⁵ wuː²²/

/ʂən⁵⁵ xu⁵¹/

/sɐm⁵⁵ wuː²²/

(～鎮) Shenhu (a town in Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


豐山

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Fengshan (a town in Hua'an, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


上坂

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ puã⁵³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ puã⁵³/

(～社區, formerly ～村) Shangban (a community of Zhishan, Xiangcheng district, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


大建

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

(～村) Dajian (a village in Huangqi, Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


龍溪

/lʊŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛ⁵⁵/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kʰe⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰe⁴⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛ⁵⁵/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kʰe⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰe⁴⁴/

(～縣) (historical) Longxi (a former county of Fujian, China, now part of Longhai, Xiangcheng and Longwen)


竹園

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～社區) Zhuyuan (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


海澄

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²⁴/

/hai⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ teŋ²³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²⁴/

/hai⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ teŋ²³/

(～縣) (historical) Haicheng (a former county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China, now part of Longhai and Haicang)

(～鎮) Haicheng (a town in Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


東安

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ an³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ an³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ an⁴⁴/

(～社區) Dong'an (a residential community of Qiaoying, Jimei district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


牛山

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～島) Niushan, Turnabout (an island in Nanlai, Aoqian, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, in the Taiwan Strait)


橋兜

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ toʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ toʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～村) Qiaodou (a village in Huangshi, Licheng district, Putian, Fujian, China)


港南

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ naːm²¹/

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ naːm²¹/

(～村) Gangnan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


新店

/ɕin⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

(～鎮) Xindian (a town in Xiang'an district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


蘇澳

/su⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/su²⁴⁻¹¹ o⁵⁵/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ o¹¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɤ²¹/

/su⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/su²⁴⁻¹¹ o⁵⁵/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ o¹¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɤ²¹/

(～鎮) Su'ao (a town in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


中埔

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ pɔ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ pɔ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

(～社區) Zhongpu (a residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


Lianjiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 連江／连江 (Liánjiāng).

連江

county in eastern China; town in eastern China ; alternative form of Lienchiang (Matsu Islands)

In Lianjiang, for example, teams of women apparently used collective funds to organize "large-scale play companies" and buy "ancient-style opera costumes. They have even taken young people to study acting. Some teams, in order to maintain play companies, have even asked counter-revolutionaries to direct them. Others have hired play companies from distant places and have continually put on performances."

1982, William G. Rosenberg, Marilyn B. Young, Transforming Russia and China, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 293:

When a fishing boat of Huangqi township of Fujian's Lianjiang county, which was engaged in nongovernmental trade, was having a transaction with a Matzu trader near the waters of Matzu island on the afternoon of 23 April, the troops garrisoned in Matzu opened fire at them, killing one and injuring two.

1995 May 2 [1995 April 28], Zhou Xiang (0719 5046), “Matzu Troops Fire at Fishermen, Killing One”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, numbers 95-084, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 88, column 2:

In a small store in Tingjiang, across the Min River in Lianjiang County, questions about smuggling people into America prompted a lively discussion.

2003 September 7, David W. Chen, “For Many Chinese, America's Allure Is Fading”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27, World:

A few years ago, this community leader’s wife had “divorced” him, “married” a U.S. citizen, and immigrated to the United States with their two children. He was the only member of his family still in Lianjiang.

2008, Sheldon X. Zhang, Chinese Human Smuggling Organizations, Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 210:

Mei’s family lived in Lianjiang County, directly across from the island of Taiwan. Beginning in the late 1980s, the people of her county began a massive emigration to western nations like the United Kingdom and the U.S.
As a young girl, Mei actually had dreams of someday joining the People’s Liberation Army in China. After beginning school, though, she was impressed with her instructors there and decided to aim her sights instead on becoming a teacher.
She attended Lianjiang Shangde High School, which she said is one of the best schools in the area to prepare students for college.
“It was very competitive,” she added.

2020 May 13, Gary Sheftick, “MacArthur awardee proud of Asian-Pacific heritage”, in Army News Service:

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

A county of Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.

With the promulgation of the Statue^([sic – meaning Statute]) for the Security and Guidance of Quemoy, Matsu, and the Pratas and Spratly Areas on August 7, 1992, the villagers in Jinmen and Lianjiang (Lienchiang, i.e. Matsu) counties held their first elections in November 1993 respectively to have their county magistrates locally elected.

1996, T. K. Tong, “Historical Relations”, in Winberg Chai, May-lee Chai, editors, 中國大陸與臺灣 [Chinese Mainland and Taiwan: A Study of Historical, Cultural, Economic and Political Relations with Documents], Kendall Hunt Publishing Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 46:

With programs such as Taiwan’s Advancements and Every Road Leads to Freedom, the Matsu Broadcasting Station (馬祖廣播電台) commenced its daily broadcasts toward the coast of China’s Fujian Province on June 15, 1959.
At the ribbon-cutting ceremony, then-political warfare bureau chief Chiang Chien-jen (蔣堅忍) announced the station’s objectives: to provide entertainment to the soldiers stationed on the tiny island off the coast of China and to “broadcast the voice of justice and freedom to sway the hearts of our compatriots on the mainland.”
According to the Chronicle of Lianjiang County (連江縣誌), that year the station broadcast 1,872 hours of propaganda, leading to 53 communist defections.
Although Taiwan had been broadcasting propaganda to China since 1949, the station’s establishment was part of a nationwide effort in 1959 to ramp up its psychological warfare operations. In Matsu, this included upgrading the existing loudspeakers and setting up a facility to send balloons containing propaganda messages.

2019 June 9, Han Cheung, “Taiwan in Time: The airwaves of ‘freedom’”, in Taipei Times:

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

Alternative form of Lienchiang, a county of Fujian, Taiwan (Republic of China), administrative name for the Matsu Islands.


安海

/ˀän⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/uã⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/uã⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/uã⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/uã⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/uã⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/uã⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

(～鎮) Anhai (a town in Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


Baisha

From the Mandarin 白沙 (Báishā, literally “white sand”).

bor

A town in Hanjiang district, Putian, Fujian, China

A town in Xinluo district, Longyan, Fujian, China

A subdistrict of Sanyuan district, Sanming, Fujian, China


石碼

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² maː¹³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² maː¹³/

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Shima (a subdistrict of Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


田東

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Tiandong (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


小日

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹/

(～島) Xiaori Island (an island in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)

(～村) Xiaori (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


山初

/ʂän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

(～村) Shanchu (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


雲萬

(～村) Yunwan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


三墩

/sän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～村) Sandun (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


西高

/ɕi⁵⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～村) Xigao (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


鰲嶼

/ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～村) Aoyu (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


萬峰

/wän⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/wän⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Wanfeng (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


東岱

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(～鎮) Dongdai (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)

(～村) Dongdai (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


南日

/nän³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/nän³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

(～鎮) Nanri (a town in Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)

(～島) Nanri Island (an island in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


赤山

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～村) Chishan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


Nanri

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 南日 (Nánrì).

Among them, the raid against Nanjih and Tungshan were the largest in size and the lessons and experiences gained the greatest.[…]
4,500 Government troops sailed successively from Kinmen for Nanjih on 10 Oct., 1952. Due to heavy sea, the ships were not moored until 0630, 11 October.

[1971, “Armed Forces Reorganization and National Recovery”, in Wen Ha-hsiung, transl., A Brief History of the Chinese National Revolutionary Forces, 2nd edition, Taipei: Chung Wu Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 265:

The Nationalists also carried out guerrilla raids against Communist-held islands. For example, on 11 October 1952 five thousand Nationalist regulars and guerrillas raided Nanri Island, off the southern coast of Fujian.

1982, Bruce Swanson, Eighth Voyage of the Dragon: A History of China's Quest for Seapower, Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 186:

Fishermen carry a sedan chair and rush to the sea at Nanri Island in Putian, southeast China's Fujian Province, Feb. 22, 2019. This traditional custom named "Chonghai" represents the wishes about the safety of fishermen on the sea and a good harvest in fishing.

2019 February 26, “Traditional custom "Chonghai" of Nanri Island in SE China's Fujian”, in China Internet Information Center, archived from the original on 2019-04-28:

A town in Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China.


Xiuyu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 秀嶼／秀屿 (Xiùyǔ).

1987 February 3 [1986 July 5], Wang Zhiqin [3769 1807 0530] [王志勤], Wang Yang [3769 0111] [王仰], “The Crux of the Grain Problem in Fujian and How To Deal With It”, in China Report Economic Affairs, number 007, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Fuzhou FUJIAN LUNTAN [FUJIAN FORUM], No 7 pp 43–45 [福建论坛], translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, page 87:

At least 37 people died in the blaze at the Feida workshop in Putian's Xiuyu district, which broke out at 9.50pm on Sunday, and 19 others were seriously injured, Xinhua reported.

2007 October 24, Raymond Li, “Dozens still missing in Fujian shoe factory fire”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2023-06-07:

Sun Village now belongs to Wusheng Administrative Village (武盛村) in Daitou Township (埭头镇) of Xiuyu District (秀屿区).

2017, 吴重庆 [Wu Chongqing], “Preface”, in 孙村的路：后革命时代的人鬼神 [The Path to Sun Village: Gods, Ghosts, and People in a Post-Revolutionary Society], →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page XI:


文澳

/wən³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/wən³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(～村) Wen'ao (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


宮東

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Gongdong (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


里澳

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(～村) Li'ao (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


北礵

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Beishuang (a village in Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)

(～島) Beishuang (an island in Beishuang, Haidao, Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)