Baghdad

Borrowed from Arabic بَغْدَاد (baḡdād), from Classical Persian بَغْدَاد (baġdād) (see there for more).

Bagdad (alternative)
Bagdat (alternative)


Alexandria

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Alexandria.wav

From Middle English Alexandria, from Old English Alexandria, from Latin Alexandrīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia), from Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros, “Alexander”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming place names”), initially chiefly places founded by Alexander the Great of Macedonia and subsequently usually with reference to Alexandria in Egypt, a major Hellenistic cultural center, center of early Christianity, and continuing major international port. Compare Antioch, Seleucia, and Ptolemais. Doublet of Kandahar, Iskenderun, Scandaroon, and Alexandretta.

Алекса́ндрия

any of a number of cities bearing the same name

Southwestern Asia
Southwestern Asia#English

(historical) Various other former cities in Southwestern Asia founded by Alexander the Great, including

Former name of Iskandariya: a city in central Iraq.


Fertile Crescent

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Fertile Crescent.wav

Coined by University of Chicago archaeologist James Henry Breasted.

coin

This great semicircle, for lack of a name, may be called the fertile crescent.

1914, James Harvey Robinson, James Henry Breasted, Charles Austin Beard, Outlines of European History: Earliest man, the Orient, Greece, and Rome:

The Fertile Crescent has always been in close touch with the other parts of the Middle East: Turkey, Iran, the Arabian peninsula, and Egypt.

1988, Charles Issawi, The Fertile Crescent, 1800-1914: A Documentary Economic History, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 3:

(historical) A crescent-shaped geographic region of fertile land in the Middle East in Western Asia, stretching from present-day Iraq through eastern Turkey to Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and Palestine.


Mesopotamia

From the Classical Latin Mesopotamia, from the Koine Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamía), a feminine substantive form of the adjective Μεσοποτάμιος (Mesopotámios, “between rivers”), from the Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, “between”) + ποτᾰμός (potămós, “river”) + -ιος (-ios), so called because Mesopotamia is located between the rivers Euphrates and Tigris. Also used as a translation of the Biblical Hebrew נַהֲרַיִם (naharáyim), the dual form of נָהָר (nahár, “river”).

It was purchased by the Isle of Wight Railway in 1882, and continued to work between Brading and Bembridge until 1917, when it was taken over by the War Department, and sent overseas for war service in Mesopotamia, whence it never returned. It survived until at least 1921, when it was observed on the quayside at Basra.

1948 July and August, K. Westcott Jones, “The Isle of Wight Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 217:

(historical) A geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man.


Mesopotamia

Borrowed from Latin Mesopotamia, from Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμίᾱ (Mesopotamíā).

(historical) Mesopotamia (a geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man)


Mesopotamia

la-proper noun

Mesopotamia f sg (genitive Mesopotamiae); first declension

Mesopotamiae (genitive)
Mesopotamia (nominative singular)
Mesopotamiae (genitive singular)
Mesopotamiae (dative singular)
Mesopotamiam (accusative singular)
Mesopotamiā (ablative singular)
Mesopotamia (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamía, “land between the rivers”).


Tigris

de-proper noun

Tigris m (proper noun, strong, genitive Tigris)

Tigris (a major river in Turkey and Iraq in Mesopotamia)


Babylon

Partially inherited from Old English Babilōn/Babȳlōn, partially from Latin Babylōn, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, literally “Gate of God”); the name of the ancient Chaldean capital and Biblical city of the Apocalypse. Doublet of Babel.

der

Standing afarre off for the feare of her torment, saying, Alas, alas, that great citie Babylon, that mighty citie: for in one houre is thy iudgement come.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 18:10:

(historical) An ancient city, the ancient capital of Babylonia in modern Iraq, built on the banks of the Euphrates.


Babylon

cs-proper noun

Babylon m inan (relational adjective babylonský, demonym Babyloňan)

babylonský (adjective relational)
Babyloňan (demonym)
Babylon (nominative singular)
Babylonu (genitive singular)
Babylonu (dative singular)
Babylon (accusative singular)
Babylone (singular vocative)
Babyloně (locative singular)
Babylonu (locative singular)
Babylonem (instrumental singular)
Babylón (alternative)

(historical) Babylon (an ancient city, the ancient capital of Babylonia in modern Iraq, built on the banks of the Euphrates)


Babylon

From Middle Dutch Babylone, from Latin Babylōn, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn).


Babylon

la-proper noun

Babylōn f (genitive Babylōnis); third declension

Babylōn (canonical feminine)
Babylōnis (genitive)
Babylōn (nominative singular)
Babylōnēs (nominative plural)
Babylōnis (genitive singular)
Babylōnum (genitive plural)
Babylōnī (dative singular)
Babylōnibus (dative plural)
Babylōnem (accusative singular)
Babylōnēs (accusative plural)
Babylōne (ablative singular)
Babylōnibus (ablative plural)
Babylōn (singular vocative)
Babylōnēs (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, literally “Gate of God”), the name of the ancient Chaldean capital and Biblical city of the Apocalypse.


Babylon

From Latin Babylon, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim).


Mezopotámia

Mezopotámia (nominative singular)
Mezopotámiák (nominative plural)
Mezopotámiát (accusative singular)
Mezopotámiákat (accusative plural)
Mezopotámiának (dative singular)
Mezopotámiáknak (dative plural)
Mezopotámiával (instrumental singular)
Mezopotámiákkal (instrumental plural)
Mezopotámiáért (causal-final singular)
Mezopotámiákért (causal-final plural)
Mezopotámiává (singular translative)
Mezopotámiákká (plural translative)
Mezopotámiáig (singular terminative)
Mezopotámiákig (plural terminative)
Mezopotámiaként (essive-formal singular)
Mezopotámiákként (essive-formal plural)
Mezopotámiában (inessive singular)
Mezopotámiákban (inessive plural)
Mezopotámián (singular superessive)
Mezopotámiákon (plural superessive)
Mezopotámiánál (adessive singular)
Mezopotámiáknál (adessive plural)
Mezopotámiába (illative singular)
Mezopotámiákba (illative plural)
Mezopotámiára (singular sublative)
Mezopotámiákra (plural sublative)
Mezopotámiához (allative singular)
Mezopotámiákhoz (allative plural)
Mezopotámiából (elative singular)
Mezopotámiákból (elative plural)
Mezopotámiáról (delative singular)
Mezopotámiákról (delative plural)
Mezopotámiától (ablative singular)
Mezopotámiáktól (ablative plural)
Mezopotámiáé (singular)
Mezopotámiáké (plural)
Mezopotámiáéi (singular)
Mezopotámiákéi (plural)
Mezopotámiám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Mezopotámiáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Mezopotámiád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Mezopotámiáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Mezopotámiája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Mezopotámiái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Mezopotámiánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Mezopotámiáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Mezopotámiátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Mezopotámiáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Mezopotámiájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Mezopotámiáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


Mezopotámia

sk-proper noun

Mezopotámia f (genitive singular Mezopotámie, declension pattern of ulica)

Mezopotámie (genitive singular)
ulica (declension-pattern-of)
Mezopotámia (nominative singular-only)
Mezopotámie (genitive singular-only)
Mezopotámii (dative singular-only)
Mezopotámiu (accusative singular-only)
Mezopotámii (locative singular-only)
Mezopotámiou (instrumental singular-only)


Babilonie

Babylon (the ancient capital of the kingdom of Babylonia, in modern Iraq)


Babilonige

Babilōniġe (canonical feminine)
Babilōniġe (nominative singular)
Babilōniġan (accusative singular)
Babilōniġan (genitive singular)
Babilōniġan (dative singular)


בבל

head

בבל • (bāḇel)

arc-proper noun

בבל • (bāḇel)

bāḇel (romanization)
ܒܒܠ (alternative Syriac)

לִקְצָת יַרְחִין תְּרֵי־עֲשַׂר עַל־הֵיכַל מַלְכוּתָא דִּי בָבֶל מְהַלֵּךְ הֲוָה׃

Tanach, Daniel [[s:he:T3404#ד_כו|4:26]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

At the end of twelve months he was walking upon the royal palace of Babylon.

liqṣāṯ yarḥīn tərē-ʿăśar ʿal-hēḵal malḵūṯā dī ḇāḇel məhallēḵ hăwā.


בבל

he-proper noun

בָּבֶל • (bavél, bɔḇɛl) f

בָּבֶל (canonical)
bavél (romanization)
bɔḇɛl (romanization)

From Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim); in Genesis associated with the idea of confusion.

וַיָּבֵא מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר מִבָּבֶל וּמִכּוּתָה וּמֵעַוָּא וּמֵחֲמָת וּסְפַרְוַיִם וַיֹּשֶׁב בְּעָרֵי שֹׁמְרוֹן תַּחַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּרְשׁוּ אֶת־שֹׁמְרוֹן וַיֵּשְׁבוּ בְּעָרֶיהָ׃

Tanach, 2 Kings [[s:he:T09b17#יז_כד|17:24]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And the king of Assyria brought men from Babylon, and from Cuthah, and from Avva, and from Hamath and Sepharvaim, and placed them in the cities of Samaria instead of the children of Israel; and they possessed Samaria, and dwelt in the cities thereof.

vayavé mélekh-'ashúr mibavél umikúta ume'avá umekhamát us'farváyim vayóshev b'aréi shom'rón tákhat b'néi yisra'él vayir'shú 'et-shom'rón vayesh'vú b'aréha.
wayyāḇē meleḵ-ʾaššūr mibbāḇel ūmikkū́ṯā ūmēʿawwā ūmēḥămāṯ ūsəp̄arwáyim wayyṓšeḇ bəʿārē šōmərōn táḥaṯ bənē yiśrāʾēl wayyīrəšū ʾeṯ-šōmərōn wayyēšəḇū bəʿāréhā.


Kurdistan

Kurdistan
Kurdistan Province
Kurdistan Region
Kurds in Turkey#Central Anatolia
Kurds of Khorasan

Either from Northern Kurdish Kurdistan or from Classical Persian کُرْدِسْتَان (kurdistān), equivalent to Kurd + -i- + -stan.

cog

کُرْدِسْتَان

A cultural region in Western Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria.

Kurdistan

a region in the Middle East inhabited mostly by the Kurds

(by extension) An autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region.


Kurdistan

de-proper noun

Kurdistan n (proper noun, genitive Kurdistans or (optionally with an article) Kurdistan)

Kurdistans (genitive)
Kurdistan (genitive with-article)

Kurdistan (a cultural region in Western Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria)

(by extension) Kurdistan (an autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


Kurdistan

K’urdistan (canonical feminine)
کوردستان (Arabic)
Kurdistan (nominative singular)
Kurdistana (construct singular)
Kurdistanê (oblique singular)
wê Kurdistanê (singular)
Kurdistanê (singular vocative)
Kurdistanek (nominative singular)
Kurdistaneke (construct singular)
Kurdistanekê (oblique singular)

/kʰʊɾdɪˈstɑːn/


Kurdistan

sh-proper noun

Kȕrdistan m (Cyrillic spelling Ку̏рдистан)

Kȕrdistan (canonical masculine)
Ку̏рдистан (Cyrillic)
Kurdistan (nominative singular)
Kurdistana (genitive singular)
Kurdistanu (dative singular)
Kurdistan (accusative singular)
Kurdistane (singular vocative)
Kurdistanu (locative singular)
Kurdistanom (instrumental singular)


Babel

From Middle Dutch babel, from Latin Babel, from Biblical Hebrew בָּבֶל (bāḇel, “Babylon”), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim).


Chaldea

Chaldæa (alternative archaic)
Chaldaea (alternative)

(historical) An ancient geographic region of Western Asia, in the southern portion of Babylonia in modern eastern Iraq and southwestern Iran, lying chiefly on the right bank of the Euphrates, but commonly used to refer to the whole of the Mesopotamian plain.

Քաղդեա

region in the southern portion of Babylonia


Chaldea

cs-proper noun

Chaldea f (relational adjective chaldejský, demonym Chaldejec)

chaldejský (adjective relational)
Chaldejec (demonym)
Chaldea (nominative singular)
Chaldey (genitive singular)
Chaldeje (genitive singular)
Chaldeji (dative singular)
Chaldeu (accusative singular)
Chaldeo (singular vocative)
Chaldeji (locative singular)
Chaldeou (instrumental singular)
Chaldejí (instrumental singular)

(historical) Chaldea (an ancient geographic region of Western Asia, in the southern portion of Babylonia in modern eastern Iraq and southwestern Iran, lying chiefly on the right bank of the Euphrates, but commonly used to refer to the whole of the Mesopotamian plain)


Kürdistan

From Ottoman Turkish كوردستان (Kürdistan).


Ana

Ana Island and a strip of flat land below the steep banks bordering the Euphrates, some 350 km (220 miles) due east of Palmyra, were occupied for millennia by the buildings of a succession of important settlements...

2012, David Kennedy et al., Rome's Desert Frontier from the Air, page 114:

Alternative spelling of Anah, a city in Anbar, Iraq.


Anna

(obsolete) Alternative spelling of Anah, a city in Anbar, Iraq.


Ur

Tell el-Muqayyar
Tell el-Muqayyar#English

An ancient Sumerian city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq; modern Tell el-Muqayyar.


Karbala

From Arabic كَرْبَلَاء (karbalāʔ), of uncertain etymology.

Karbala' (alternative)
Kerbala (alternative)
Kerbela (alternative)

A city in central Iraq, site of the murder of Husayn ibn Ali and major pilgrimage destination for Shiite Muslims.


Kerbela

From Ottoman Turkish كربلا, from Arabic كَرْبَلَاء (Karbalāʔ) of uncertain origin.


Bagdad

Dated spelling of Baghdad: the capital city of Iraq.


Bagdad

Bagdad (nominative singular)
Bagdad (accusative nominative singular)
Bagdadin (accusative genitive singular)
Bagdadin (genitive singular)
Bagdadia (partitive singular)
Bagdadissa (inessive singular)
Bagdadista (elative singular)
Bagdadiin (illative singular)
Bagdadilla (adessive singular)
Bagdadilta (ablative singular)
Bagdadille (allative singular)
Bagdadina (essive singular)
Bagdadiksi (singular translative)
Bagdaditta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Bagdadini (nominative singular)
Bagdadini (accusative nominative singular)
Bagdadini (accusative genitive singular)
Bagdadini (genitive singular)
Bagdadiani (partitive singular)
Bagdadissani (inessive singular)
Bagdadistani (elative singular)
Bagdadiini (illative singular)
Bagdadillani (adessive singular)
Bagdadiltani (ablative singular)
Bagdadilleni (allative singular)
Bagdadinani (essive singular)
Bagdadikseni (singular translative)
Bagdadittani (abessive singular)
Bagdadisi (nominative singular)
Bagdadisi (accusative nominative singular)
Bagdadisi (accusative genitive singular)
Bagdadisi (genitive singular)
Bagdadiasi (partitive singular)
Bagdadissasi (inessive singular)
Bagdadistasi (elative singular)
Bagdadiisi (illative singular)
Bagdadillasi (adessive singular)
Bagdadiltasi (ablative singular)
Bagdadillesi (allative singular)
Bagdadinasi (essive singular)
Bagdadiksesi (singular translative)
Bagdadittasi (abessive singular)
Bagdadimme (nominative singular)
Bagdadimme (accusative nominative singular)
Bagdadimme (accusative genitive singular)
Bagdadimme (genitive singular)
Bagdadiamme (partitive singular)
Bagdadissamme (inessive singular)
Bagdadistamme (elative singular)
Bagdadiimme (illative singular)
Bagdadillamme (adessive singular)
Bagdadiltamme (ablative singular)
Bagdadillemme (allative singular)
Bagdadinamme (essive singular)
Bagdadiksemme (singular translative)
Bagdadittamme (abessive singular)
Bagdadinne (nominative singular)
Bagdadinne (accusative nominative singular)
Bagdadinne (accusative genitive singular)
Bagdadinne (genitive singular)
Bagdadianne (partitive singular)
Bagdadissanne (inessive singular)
Bagdadistanne (elative singular)
Bagdadiinne (illative singular)
Bagdadillanne (adessive singular)
Bagdadiltanne (ablative singular)
Bagdadillenne (allative singular)
Bagdadinanne (essive singular)
Bagdadiksenne (singular translative)
Bagdadittanne (abessive singular)
Bagdadinsa (nominative singular)
Bagdadinsa (accusative nominative singular)
Bagdadinsa (accusative genitive singular)
Bagdadinsa (genitive singular)
Bagdadiaan (partitive singular)
Bagdadiansa (partitive singular)
Bagdadissaan (inessive singular)
Bagdadissansa (inessive singular)
Bagdadistaan (elative singular)
Bagdadistansa (elative singular)
Bagdadiinsa (illative singular)
Bagdadillaan (adessive singular)
Bagdadillansa (adessive singular)
Bagdadiltaan (ablative singular)
Bagdadiltansa (ablative singular)
Bagdadilleen (allative singular)
Bagdadillensa (allative singular)
Bagdadinaan (essive singular)
Bagdadinansa (essive singular)
Bagdadikseen (singular translative)
Bagdadiksensa (singular translative)
Bagdadittaan (abessive singular)
Bagdadittansa (abessive singular)


Bagdad

de-proper noun

Bagdad n (proper noun, genitive Bagdads or (optionally with an article) Bagdad)

Bagdads (genitive)
Bagdad (genitive with-article)


Bagdad

Bagdad (nominative singular)
Bagdadot (accusative singular)
Bagdadnak (dative singular)
Bagdaddal (instrumental singular)
Bagdadért (causal-final singular)
Bagdaddá (singular translative)
Bagdadig (singular terminative)
Bagdadként (essive-formal singular)
Bagdadban (inessive singular)
Bagdadon (singular superessive)
Bagdadnál (adessive singular)
Bagdadba (illative singular)
Bagdadra (singular sublative)
Bagdadhoz (allative singular)
Bagdadból (elative singular)
Bagdadról (delative singular)
Bagdadtól (ablative singular)
Bagdadé (singular)
Bagdadéi (singular)
Bagdadom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Bagdadod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Bagdadja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Bagdadunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Bagdadotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Bagdadjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish بغداد (bağdād) (present-day Turkish Bağdat), from Arabic بَغْدَاد (baḡdād).


Bagdad

Bhagdad (genitive)
Bagdad (indefinite nominative singular)
a Bhagdad (indefinite singular vocative)
Bagdad (genitive indefinite singular)
Bagdad (dative indefinite singular)
an Bagdad (definite nominative singular)
an Bhagdad (definite genitive singular)
leis an mBagdad (dative definite singular)
don Bhagdad (dative definite singular)
Bagdad
Bhagdad
mBagdad


Bagdad

From Arabic بَغْدَاد (baḡdād), from Persian بغداد (baġdâd).


Bagdad

pl-prop

Bagdad m inan (related adjective bagdadzki)


Bagdad

Bàgdād (canonical masculine)
Ба̀гда̄д (Cyrillic)
Bagdad (nominative singular)
Bagdada (genitive singular)
Bagdadu (dative singular)
Bagdad (accusative singular)
Bagdade (singular vocative)
Bagdadu (locative singular)
Bagdadom (instrumental singular)


Bagdad

sk-proper noun

Bagdad m inan (genitive singular Bagdadu, declension pattern of dub)

Bagdadu (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)


Bagdad

Bágdad (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Bágdad (nominative singular)
Bágdada (genitive singular)
Bágdadu (dative singular)
Bágdad (accusative singular)
Bágdadu (locative singular)
Bágdadom (instrumental singular)


Bagdad

[baɣ̞ˈð̞að̞]


Багдад

bg-proper noun

Багда́д • (Bagdád) m

Багда́д (canonical)
Bagdád (romanization)
Багда́д (indefinite singular)

bg-ndecl

Багда́д</n:sg>


Багдад

mk-proper noun

Багдад • (Bagdad) m (relational adjective багдадски)

Bagdad (romanization)
багдадски (adjective relational)


Багдад

ru-proper noun+

Багда́д • (Bagdád) m inan (genitive Багда́да, relational adjective багда́дский)

Багда́д (canonical)
Bagdád (romanization)
Багда́да (genitive)
багда́дский (adjective relational)
Багда́д (nominative singular)
Багда́да (genitive singular)
Багда́ду (dative singular)
Багда́д (accusative singular)
Багда́дом (instrumental singular)
Багда́де (prepositional singular)
Багда́дъ (alternative)


Багдад

Ба̀гда̄д (canonical masculine)
Bàgdād (romanization)
Багдад (nominative singular)
Багдада (genitive singular)
Багдаду (dative singular)
Багдад (accusative singular)
Багдаде (singular vocative)
Багдаду (locative singular)
Багдадом (instrumental singular)


Багдад

uk-proper noun

багда́дський

Багда́д • (Bahdád) m inan (genitive Багда́да, uncountable, relational adjective багда́дський)

Багда́д (canonical)
Bahdád (romanization)
Багда́да (genitive)
багда́дський (adjective relational)
Багда́д (nominative singular)
Багда́да (genitive singular)
Багда́дові (dative singular)
Багда́ду (dative singular)
Багда́д (accusative singular)
Багда́дом (instrumental singular)
Багда́ду (locative singular)
Багда́ді (locative singular)
Багда́де (singular vocative)


Тигр

Tigris (a river in Iraq, Syria and Turkey in Mesopotamia)

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script


Тигр

Tigr (romanization)
Ти́гра (genitive)
Ти́гр (nominative singular)
Ти́гра (genitive singular)
Ти́гру (dative singular)
Ти́гр (accusative singular)
Ти́гром (instrumental singular)
Ти́гре (prepositional singular)

ru:Тигр (значения)


Βαβυλών

grc-proper noun

Βᾰβῠλών • (Băbŭlṓn) f (genitive Βᾰβῠλῶνος); third declension

Βᾰβῠλών (canonical)
Băbŭlṓn (romanization)
Βᾰβῠλῶνος (genitive)
ἡ Βᾰβῠλών (nominative singular)
τῆς Βᾰβῠλῶνος (genitive singular)
τῇ Βᾰβῠλῶνῐ (dative singular)
τὴν Βᾰβῠλῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
Βᾰβῠλών (singular vocative)

desc

Greek: Βαβυλών (Vavylón), Βαβυλώνα (Vavylóna)

Latin: Babylōn

Russian: Вавилон (Vavilon)


Μεσοποταμία

grc-proper noun

Μεσοποταμίᾱς

Μεσοποταμίᾱ • (Mesopotamíā) f (genitive Μεσοποταμίᾱς); first declension

Μεσοποταμίᾱ (canonical)
Mesopotamíā (romanization)
Μεσοποταμίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Μεσοποτᾰμίᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς Μεσοποτᾰμίᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ Μεσοποτᾰμίᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν Μεσοποτᾰμίᾱν (accusative singular)
Μεσοποτᾰμίᾱ (singular vocative)

→ Latin: Mesopotamia

→ Catalan: Mesopotàmia

→ English: Mesopotamia

The feminine substantive form of the adjective μεσοποτάμιος (mesopotámios) from μέσος (mésos, “middle, between”) and ποταμός (potamós, “river”), compare with the Hebrew אֲרַם נַהֲרַיִם.

noncog

אֲרַם נַהֲרַיִם

Hebrew אֲרַם נַהֲרַיִם


אשור

head

אֲשׁוּר • (ˀăšūr)

אֲשׁוּר (canonical)
ˀăšūr (romanization)

(historical) Assyria (an ancient Semitic Akkadian kingdom and at times an empire, extant from the mid-23rd century BCE to 608 BCE and centred on the Upper Tigris river in northern Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq, but at its maximum extent including parts of modern Iran, Syria, Israel, Palestine and Egypt))


אשור

he-proper noun

אַשּׁוּר • (ashúr, ʾaššûr) m

אַשּׁוּר (canonical)
ashúr (romanization)
ʾaššûr (romanization)

The sense Assyria ultimately from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”), its original capital.


Babylonia

/ˌbæbɪˈləʊnɪə/

Borrowed from Latin Babylonia, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía), from Βαβυλων (Babulōn, “Babylon”) + -ία (-ía, forming place names for areas).

(historical) An ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran.

Babilonia

ancient region and empire of southern Mesopotamia


Babylonia

la-proper noun

Babylōnia f sg (genitive Babylōniae); first declension

Babylōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Babylōniae (genitive)
Babylōnia (nominative singular)
Babylōniae (genitive singular)
Babylōniae (dative singular)
Babylōniam (accusative singular)
Babylōniā (ablative singular)
Babylōnia (singular vocative)
Babylōniae (locative singular)

Catalan: Babilònia

→ English: Babylonia

Italian: Babilonia

Sicilian: Vavilugna, Babbilùnia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía), derived from Βαβυλών (Babulṓn, “Babylon”).

(historical) Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)


Assyria

Learned borrowing from Latin Assyria, from Ancient Greek Ἀσσυρία (Assuría), from Akkadian 𒀾𒋗𒊏𒅀 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”), its original capital. Doublet of Syria.

(historical) An ancient Semitic Akkadian kingdom and at times an empire, extant from the mid-23rd century BCE to 608 BCE and centred on the Upper Tigris river in northern Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq, but at its maximum extent including parts of modern Iran, Syria, Israel, Palestine and Egypt).


Assyria

Assyria (nominative singular)
Assyria (accusative nominative singular)
Assyrian (accusative genitive singular)
Assyrian (genitive singular)
Assyriaa (partitive singular)
Assyriassa (inessive singular)
Assyriasta (elative singular)
Assyriaan (illative singular)
Assyrialla (adessive singular)
Assyrialta (ablative singular)
Assyrialle (allative singular)
Assyriana (essive singular)
Assyriaksi (singular translative)
Assyriatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Assyriani (nominative singular)
Assyriani (accusative nominative singular)
Assyriani (accusative genitive singular)
Assyriani (genitive singular)
Assyriaani (partitive singular)
Assyriassani (inessive singular)
Assyriastani (elative singular)
Assyriaani (illative singular)
Assyriallani (adessive singular)
Assyrialtani (ablative singular)
Assyrialleni (allative singular)
Assyrianani (essive singular)
Assyriakseni (singular translative)
Assyriattani (abessive singular)
Assyriasi (nominative singular)
Assyriasi (accusative nominative singular)
Assyriasi (accusative genitive singular)
Assyriasi (genitive singular)
Assyriaasi (partitive singular)
Assyriassasi (inessive singular)
Assyriastasi (elative singular)
Assyriaasi (illative singular)
Assyriallasi (adessive singular)
Assyrialtasi (ablative singular)
Assyriallesi (allative singular)
Assyrianasi (essive singular)
Assyriaksesi (singular translative)
Assyriattasi (abessive singular)
Assyriamme (nominative singular)
Assyriamme (accusative nominative singular)
Assyriamme (accusative genitive singular)
Assyriamme (genitive singular)
Assyriaamme (partitive singular)
Assyriassamme (inessive singular)
Assyriastamme (elative singular)
Assyriaamme (illative singular)
Assyriallamme (adessive singular)
Assyrialtamme (ablative singular)
Assyriallemme (allative singular)
Assyrianamme (essive singular)
Assyriaksemme (singular translative)
Assyriattamme (abessive singular)
Assyrianne (nominative singular)
Assyrianne (accusative nominative singular)
Assyrianne (accusative genitive singular)
Assyrianne (genitive singular)
Assyriaanne (partitive singular)
Assyriassanne (inessive singular)
Assyriastanne (elative singular)
Assyriaanne (illative singular)
Assyriallanne (adessive singular)
Assyrialtanne (ablative singular)
Assyriallenne (allative singular)
Assyriananne (essive singular)
Assyriaksenne (singular translative)
Assyriattanne (abessive singular)
Assyriansa (nominative singular)
Assyriansa (accusative nominative singular)
Assyriansa (accusative genitive singular)
Assyriansa (genitive singular)
Assyriaansa (partitive singular)
Assyriassaan (inessive singular)
Assyriassansa (inessive singular)
Assyriastaan (elative singular)
Assyriastansa (elative singular)
Assyriaansa (illative singular)
Assyriallaan (adessive singular)
Assyriallansa (adessive singular)
Assyrialtaan (ablative singular)
Assyrialtansa (ablative singular)
Assyrialleen (allative singular)
Assyriallensa (allative singular)
Assyrianaan (essive singular)
Assyrianansa (essive singular)
Assyriakseen (singular translative)
Assyriaksensa (singular translative)
Assyriattaan (abessive singular)
Assyriattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈɑ̝s̠ːy(ː)ˌriɑ̝]


Assyria

Assyria f sg (genitive Assyriae); first declension

Assyriae (genitive)
Assyria (nominative singular)
Assyriae (genitive singular)
Assyriae (dative singular)
Assyriam (accusative singular)
Assyriā (ablative singular)
Assyria (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Assíria

→ Czech: Asýrie

→ Danish: Assyrien

→ Dutch: Assyrië

→ English: Assyria

Tok Pisin: Asiria

→ Hawaiian: ʻAkulia

→ Finnish: Assyria

→ French: Assyrie

→ German: Assyrien

→ Hungarian: Asszíria

→ Irish: Aisiria

→ Italian: Assiria

→ Japanese: アッシリア (Asshiria)

→ Polish: Asyria

→ Portuguese: Assíria

→ Russian: Ассирия (Assirija)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Асирија

Latin script: Asirija

→ Slovak: Asýria

→ Spanish: Asiria

→ Swahili: Assyrien

→ Ukrainian: Асси́рія (Assýrija)

From Ancient Greek Ἀσσυρία (Assuría), from Akkadian 𒀾𒋗𒊏𒅀 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”), its original capital.


Բաղդադ

head

Բաղդադ • (Baġdad)

hy-proper noun

Բաղդադ • (Baġdad)

Baġdad (romanization)
Բաղդադ (nominative singular singular-only)
Բաղդադի (dative singular singular-only)
Բաղդադից (ablative singular singular-only)
Բաղդադով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Բաղդադում (locative singular singular-only)
Բաղդադը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Բաղդադն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Բաղդադին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Բաղդադս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Բաղդադիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Բաղդադիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Բաղդադովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Բաղդադումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Բաղդադդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաղդադիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաղդադիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաղդադովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաղդադումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Պաղտատ (alternative Western-Armenian)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Բաղդադը / Բաղդադն

Բաղդադները / Բաղդադներն

Բաղդադներում

Բաղդադներիցս

Բաղդադներովս

Բաղդադներումս

Բաղդադներիցդ

Բաղդադներովդ

Բաղդադներումդ

[pʰɑχtʰɑ́tʰ]


Tikrit

From Ottoman Turkish تكريت (Tikrit) and Arabic تِكْرِيت (Tikrīt).


بغداد

ar-proper noun

بَغْدَاد • (baḡdād) f

بَغْدَاد (canonical)
baḡdād (romanization)
بَغْدَاد (definite diptote informal singular)
بَغْدَادُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
بَغْدَادَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
بَغْدَادَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَغْدَاد (baġdād).

bor+

ar:بغداد
ar:محافظة بغداد


بغداد

head

بغداد • (Bağdad)

ota-proper noun

بغداد • (Bağdad)

Turkish: Bağdat

From Classical Persian بغداد (Baġdād), q.v.


بغداد

head

بغداد • (baġdâd)

fa-proper noun

بغداد • (baġdâd)

[bäɣd̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bäɣd̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bäɣ.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bäɣ.d̪ɔ́ːd̪̥]

[bæɢd̪ɒ́ːd̪̥]

Most scholars accept a derivation from Middle Persian 𐭡𐭢𐭣𐭲 (bgdt /bag-dād/, “given by god”), from Old Persian *Bagadātah; compare
Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬕𐬋-𐬛𐬁𐬙𐬀 (baġō-dāta), Proto-Slavic *Bogъdanъ and Polish Bogdan. Other origins have been suggested, and if the place name can be identified with Akkadian 𒄷𒁕𒁺 (ḫu-da-du; bag-da-du /Ḫudadu; Bagdadu/, literally “location characterized with pits, cavities, crevices, deep trenches, or irrigation canals”), it may be of much older provenance than Old Persian.

cog

بغداد بزرگترین شهر عراق و پایتخت این کشور است.

baġdâd bozorg-tarin šahr-e 'erâq va pâytaxt-e in kešvar ast.

Baghdad is Iraq's largest city and the capital of the country.


Nineveh

From Old English Niniue (under influence from Biblical Hebrew נִינְוֵה (nīnəwē)), from Latin Nīnevē, from Ancient Greek Νινευή (Nineuḗ), ultimately from Akkadian 𒌷𒉌𒉡𒀀 𒀏 (/Ninua/) or Old Babylonian 𒌷𒉌𒉡𒀀 (/Ninuwā/) of uncertain origin, but is clearly a variation of 𒀏 (/ninâ/, “fish”). The cuneiform seems to denote "House of Fish", although whether this referred to literal fish, an aspect of Ishtar, a separate Hurrian goddess, or something else entirely is unclear.
The traditional folk etymology in classical antiquity derived it from an eponymous founder Ninus (Greek: Νίνος (Nínos)).


کربلا

[kʲæɾbæˈlɒː]

Borrowed from Arabic كَرْبَلَاء (karbalāʔ), a compound of كَرْب (karb) + بَلَاء (balāʔ)

compound

كَرْب (karb) + بَلَاء (balāʔ)

Karbala (a city in central Iraq, site of the murder of Husayn ibn Ali and major pilgrimage destination for Shiite Muslims)


نجف

Borrowed from Arabic النَّجَف (an-najaf).


Ἀσσυρία

grc-proper noun

Ἀσσῠρίᾱ • (Assŭríā) f (genitive Ἀσσῠρίᾱς); first declension

Ἀσσῠρίᾱ (canonical)
Assŭríā (romanization)
Ἀσσῠρίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Ἀσσυρίᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς Ἀσσυρίᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ Ἀσσυρίᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν Ἀσσυρίᾱν (accusative singular)
Ἀσσυρίᾱ (singular vocative)

Greek: Ασσυρία (Assyría)

→ Latin: Assyria (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Akkadian 𒀾𒋗𒊏𒅀 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”), its original capital.


Βαβυλωνία

Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱ • (Băbŭlōnĭ́ā) f (genitive Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱς); first declension

Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
Băbŭlōnĭ́ā (romanization)
Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
Βᾰβῠλωνῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)

Greek: Βαβυλωνία (Vavylonía)

Latin: Babylonia

From Βαβυλών (Babulṓn, “Babylon”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā).


Βαβυλωνία

head

Βαβυλωνία • (Vavylonía) f (usually uncountable, plural Βαβυλωνίες)

Vavylonía (romanization)
Βαβυλωνίες (plural)
Βαβυλωνία (nominative singular)
Βαβυλωνίες (nominative plural)
Βαβυλωνίας (genitive singular)
Βαβυλωνιών (genitive plural)
Βαβυλωνία (accusative singular)
Βαβυλωνίες (accusative plural)
Βαβυλωνία (singular vocative)
Βαβυλωνίες (plural vocative)

Βα βυ λω νί α

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía). Doublet of βαβυλωνία (vavylonía, “confusion from voices speaking all together”).


Χαλδαία

grc-proper noun

Χᾰλδαίᾱ • (Khăldaíā) f (genitive Χᾰλδαίᾱς); first declension

Χᾰλδαίᾱ (canonical)
Khăldaíā (romanization)
Χᾰλδαίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Χᾰλδαίᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς Χᾰλδαίᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ Χᾰλδαίᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν Χᾰλδαίᾱν (accusative singular)
Χᾰλδαίᾱ (singular vocative)

English: Chaldea, Chaldees

Greek: Χαλδαία (Chaldaía)

Latin: Chaldaea


کردستان

[kʰʊɾ.d̪ɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[kʰʊɾ.d̪ɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[kʰʊɾ.d̪ɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

From کرد + ـستان.


کردستان

ur-proper noun

کُرْدِسْتان • (kurdistān) m (Hindi spelling कुर्दिस्तान)

کُرْدِسْتان (canonical)
kurdistān (romanization)
कुर्दिस्तान (Hindi)

کُرْ دِسْ تان

From کرد (Kurd) + ـستان (-istān, “land of...”), or possibly borrowed from Classical Persian کردستان (kurdistān).

bor+

قِبْرِص فِلِسْطِین اِسْرائِیل لِبْنان یَمَن عُمان مُتَّحِدَہ عَرَب اِمارات قَطَر بَحْرِین کُوَیت


Κούναξα

grc-proper noun

Κούναξα • (Koúnaxa) n (genitive Κουνάξων); second declension

Koúnaxa (romanization)
Κουνάξων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ Κούνᾰξᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν Κουνᾰ́ξων (genitive plural)
τοῖς Κουνᾰ́ξοις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ Κούνᾰξᾰ (accusative plural)
Κούνᾰξᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: Κούναξα (Koúnaxa)

→ Latin: Cūnaxa

Cunaxa (an ancient village and site of a major Persian battle in 401 BCE, located 50 miles north of Bablyon and usually identified with the village of Al Nasiffiyat in modern-day Iraq)


Евфрат

Euphrates (a river in Iraq, Syria and Turkey in Mesopotamia)


Евфрат

ru-proper noun+

Евфра́т • (Jevfrát) m inan (genitive Евфра́та)

Евфра́т (canonical)
Jevfrát (romanization)
Евфра́та (genitive)
Евфра́т (nominative singular)
Евфра́та (genitive singular)
Евфра́ту (dative singular)
Евфра́т (accusative singular)
Евфра́том (instrumental singular)
Евфра́те (prepositional singular)


Sumer

Learned borrowing from Akkadian 𒋗𒈨𒊒 (Šumeru), in Assyriology since the 1870s; compare French sumérien since 1872. Compare Shumer, Sumir. More at Sumer.

lbor

A historical region occupied by the earliest known ancient civilization of the ancient Near East (4th to 3rd millennia BC), located in lower Mesopotamia in modern southern Iraq.


Sumer

cs-proper noun

Sumer m inan (relational adjective sumerský)

Sumer (a historical region occupied by the earliest known ancient civilization of the ancient Near East (4th to 3rd millennia BC), located in lower Mesopotamia in modern southern Iraq)


Sumer

Sumer (nominative singular)
Sumer (accusative nominative singular)
Sumerin (accusative genitive singular)
Sumerin (genitive singular)
Sumeria (partitive singular)
Sumerissa (inessive singular)
Sumerista (elative singular)
Sumeriin (illative singular)
Sumerilla (adessive singular)
Sumerilta (ablative singular)
Sumerille (allative singular)
Sumerina (essive singular)
Sumeriksi (singular translative)
Sumeritta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Sumerini (nominative singular)
Sumerini (accusative nominative singular)
Sumerini (accusative genitive singular)
Sumerini (genitive singular)
Sumeriani (partitive singular)
Sumerissani (inessive singular)
Sumeristani (elative singular)
Sumeriini (illative singular)
Sumerillani (adessive singular)
Sumeriltani (ablative singular)
Sumerilleni (allative singular)
Sumerinani (essive singular)
Sumerikseni (singular translative)
Sumerittani (abessive singular)
Sumerisi (nominative singular)
Sumerisi (accusative nominative singular)
Sumerisi (accusative genitive singular)
Sumerisi (genitive singular)
Sumeriasi (partitive singular)
Sumerissasi (inessive singular)
Sumeristasi (elative singular)
Sumeriisi (illative singular)
Sumerillasi (adessive singular)
Sumeriltasi (ablative singular)
Sumerillesi (allative singular)
Sumerinasi (essive singular)
Sumeriksesi (singular translative)
Sumerittasi (abessive singular)
Sumerimme (nominative singular)
Sumerimme (accusative nominative singular)
Sumerimme (accusative genitive singular)
Sumerimme (genitive singular)
Sumeriamme (partitive singular)
Sumerissamme (inessive singular)
Sumeristamme (elative singular)
Sumeriimme (illative singular)
Sumerillamme (adessive singular)
Sumeriltamme (ablative singular)
Sumerillemme (allative singular)
Sumerinamme (essive singular)
Sumeriksemme (singular translative)
Sumerittamme (abessive singular)
Sumerinne (nominative singular)
Sumerinne (accusative nominative singular)
Sumerinne (accusative genitive singular)
Sumerinne (genitive singular)
Sumerianne (partitive singular)
Sumerissanne (inessive singular)
Sumeristanne (elative singular)
Sumeriinne (illative singular)
Sumerillanne (adessive singular)
Sumeriltanne (ablative singular)
Sumerillenne (allative singular)
Sumerinanne (essive singular)
Sumeriksenne (singular translative)
Sumerittanne (abessive singular)
Sumerinsa (nominative singular)
Sumerinsa (accusative nominative singular)
Sumerinsa (accusative genitive singular)
Sumerinsa (genitive singular)
Sumeriaan (partitive singular)
Sumeriansa (partitive singular)
Sumerissaan (inessive singular)
Sumerissansa (inessive singular)
Sumeristaan (elative singular)
Sumeristansa (elative singular)
Sumeriinsa (illative singular)
Sumerillaan (adessive singular)
Sumerillansa (adessive singular)
Sumeriltaan (ablative singular)
Sumeriltansa (ablative singular)
Sumerilleen (allative singular)
Sumerillensa (allative singular)
Sumerinaan (essive singular)
Sumerinansa (essive singular)
Sumerikseen (singular translative)
Sumeriksensa (singular translative)
Sumerittaan (abessive singular)
Sumerittansa (abessive singular)


Sumer

Sumer (accusative indefinite nominative)
Sumerul (accusative definite nominative)
Sumer (indefinite)
Sumerului (definite)
Sumerule (vocative)


Sumer

Sùmēr (canonical masculine)
Су̀ме̄р (Cyrillic)
Sumer (nominative singular)
Sumera (genitive singular)
Sumeru (dative singular)
Sumer (accusative singular)
Sumeru (singular vocative)
Sumeru (locative singular)
Sumerom (instrumental singular)


Ninive

Ninive (nominative singular)
Ninive (accusative nominative singular)
Niniven (accusative genitive singular)
Niniven (genitive singular)
Niniveä (partitive singular)
Ninivessä (inessive singular)
Ninivestä (elative singular)
Niniveen (illative singular)
Ninivellä (adessive singular)
Niniveltä (ablative singular)
Ninivelle (allative singular)
Ninivenä (essive singular)
Niniveksi (singular translative)
Ninivettä (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Niniveni (nominative singular)
Niniveni (accusative nominative singular)
Niniveni (accusative genitive singular)
Niniveni (genitive singular)
Niniveäni (partitive singular)
Ninivessäni (inessive singular)
Ninivestäni (elative singular)
Niniveeni (illative singular)
Ninivelläni (adessive singular)
Niniveltäni (ablative singular)
Ninivelleni (allative singular)
Ninivenäni (essive singular)
Ninivekseni (singular translative)
Ninivettäni (abessive singular)
Ninivesi (nominative singular)
Ninivesi (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivesi (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivesi (genitive singular)
Niniveäsi (partitive singular)
Ninivessäsi (inessive singular)
Ninivestäsi (elative singular)
Niniveesi (illative singular)
Ninivelläsi (adessive singular)
Niniveltäsi (ablative singular)
Ninivellesi (allative singular)
Ninivenäsi (essive singular)
Niniveksesi (singular translative)
Ninivettäsi (abessive singular)
Ninivemme (nominative singular)
Ninivemme (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivemme (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivemme (genitive singular)
Niniveämme (partitive singular)
Ninivessämme (inessive singular)
Ninivestämme (elative singular)
Niniveemme (illative singular)
Ninivellämme (adessive singular)
Niniveltämme (ablative singular)
Ninivellemme (allative singular)
Ninivenämme (essive singular)
Niniveksemme (singular translative)
Ninivettämme (abessive singular)
Ninivenne (nominative singular)
Ninivenne (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivenne (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivenne (genitive singular)
Niniveänne (partitive singular)
Ninivessänne (inessive singular)
Ninivestänne (elative singular)
Niniveenne (illative singular)
Ninivellänne (adessive singular)
Niniveltänne (ablative singular)
Ninivellenne (allative singular)
Ninivenänne (essive singular)
Niniveksenne (singular translative)
Ninivettänne (abessive singular)
Ninivensä (nominative singular)
Ninivensä (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivensä (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivensä (genitive singular)
Niniveään (partitive singular)
Niniveänsä (partitive singular)
Ninivessään (inessive singular)
Ninivessänsä (inessive singular)
Ninivestään (elative singular)
Ninivestänsä (elative singular)
Niniveensä (illative singular)
Ninivellään (adessive singular)
Ninivellänsä (adessive singular)
Niniveltään (ablative singular)
Niniveltänsä (ablative singular)
Ninivelleen (allative singular)
Ninivellensä (allative singular)
Ninivenään (essive singular)
Ninivenänsä (essive singular)
Ninivekseen (singular translative)
Niniveksensä (singular translative)
Ninivettään (abessive singular)
Ninivettänsä (abessive singular)

Nineveh (an ancient city in Assyria, in modern Iraq, near Mosul)


Mesopotamië

Mesopotamia (a geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man)


Basra

From Ottoman Turkish بصره (Basra) and Arabic البَصْرَة (al-Baṣra), from ال (al-, “the, land of the”) + بَصْرَة (baṣra, “overseer”).

Balsara (alternative)
Balsora (alternative)
Bassora (alternative)
Bussero (alternative)
Bussora (alternative)


שומר

he-proper noun

שׁוּמֶר • (shumér)

שׁוּמֶר (canonical)
shumér (romanization)


Bağdat

Bağdat (nominative singular)
Bağdat'ı (accusative singular)
Bağdat'a (dative singular)
Bağdat'ta (locative singular)
Bağdat'tan (ablative singular)
Bağdat'ın (genitive singular)

From Ottoman Turkish بغداد (Bağdad), from Classical Persian بغداد (Baġdād), q.v.


أور

ar-proper noun

أُور • (ʔūr) m

Ur (ancient Sumerian city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq; modern Tell el-Muqayyar)


Asirija

Asírija (canonical feminine)
Аси́рија (Cyrillic)
Asirija (nominative singular)
Asirije (genitive singular)
Asiriji (dative singular)
Asiriju (accusative singular)
Asirijo (singular vocative)
Asiriji (locative singular)
Asirijom (instrumental singular)


Babilonija

sh-proper noun

Babìlōnija, Babilȏnija f (Cyrillic spelling Бабѝло̄нија, Бабило̑нија)

Babìlōnija (canonical)
Babilȏnija (canonical feminine)
Бабѝло̄нија (Cyrillic)
Бабило̑нија (Cyrillic)
Vavìlōnija, Vavilȏnija (alternative Bosnia Serbia)

(Croatia) (historical) Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)


Babilon

Babilon (nominative singular)
Babilonok (nominative plural)
Babilont (accusative singular)
Babilonokat (accusative plural)
Babilonnak (dative singular)
Babilonoknak (dative plural)
Babilonnal (instrumental singular)
Babilonokkal (instrumental plural)
Babilonért (causal-final singular)
Babilonokért (causal-final plural)
Babilonná (singular translative)
Babilonokká (plural translative)
Babilonig (singular terminative)
Babilonokig (plural terminative)
Babilonként (essive-formal singular)
Babilonokként (essive-formal plural)
Babilonban (inessive singular)
Babilonokban (inessive plural)
Babilonon (singular superessive)
Babilonokon (plural superessive)
Babilonnál (adessive singular)
Babilonoknál (adessive plural)
Babilonba (illative singular)
Babilonokba (illative plural)
Babilonra (singular sublative)
Babilonokra (plural sublative)
Babilonhoz (allative singular)
Babilonokhoz (allative plural)
Babilonból (elative singular)
Babilonokból (elative plural)
Babilonról (delative singular)
Babilonokról (delative plural)
Babilontól (ablative singular)
Babilonoktól (ablative plural)
Babiloné (singular)
Babilonoké (plural)
Babilonéi (singular)
Babilonokéi (plural)
Babilonom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Babilonjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Babilonod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Babilonjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Babilonja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Babilonjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Babilonunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Babilonjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Babilonotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Babilonjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Babilonjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Babilonjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Babylon (an ancient city, the ancient capital of Babylonia in modern Iraq, built on the banks of the Euphrates)


Babilon

pl-prop

Babilon m inan (related adjective babiloński)

babiloński (adjective)
Babilon (nominative singular)
Babilonu (genitive singular)
Babilonowi (dative singular)
Babilon (accusative singular)
Babilonem (instrumental singular)
Babilonie (locative singular)
Babilonie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Babylōn. Doublet of Babel and Babilonia.


Babilon

Bȁbilon (canonical masculine)
Ба̏билон (Cyrillic)
Babilon (nominative singular)
Babilona (genitive singular)
Babilonu (dative singular)
Babilon (accusative singular)
Babilone (singular vocative)
Babilonu (locative singular)
Babilonom (instrumental singular)
Vȁvilon (alternative Bosnia Serbia)

(Croatia) (historical) Babylon (an ancient city, the ancient capital of Babylonia in modern Iraq, built on the banks of the Euphrates)


Babilônia

Brazilian Portuguese standard spelling of Babilónia: (historical) Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)


Միջագետք

head

Միջագետք • (Miǰagetkʻ)

hy-proper noun

Միջագետք • (Miǰagetkʻ)

Miǰagetkʻ (romanization)
Միջագետք (nominative singular singular-only)
Միջագետքի (dative singular singular-only)
Միջագետքից (ablative singular singular-only)
Միջագետքով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Միջագետքում (locative singular singular-only)
Միջագետքը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Միջագետքն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Միջագետքին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Միջագետքս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Միջագետքիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Միջագետքիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Միջագետքովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Միջագետքումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Միջագետքդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Միջագետքիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Միջագետքիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Միջագետքովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Միջագետքումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Միջագետքը / Միջագետքն

Միջագետքները / Միջագետքներն

Միջագետքների

Միջագետքներին

Միջագետքներից

Միջագետքներով

Միջագետքներում

Միջագետքներս

Միջագետքներիս

Միջագետքներիցս

Միջագետքներովս

Միջագետքումս

Միջագետքներումս

Միջագետքներդ

Միջագետքներիդ

Միջագետքներիցդ

Միջագետքներովդ

Միջագետքումդ

Միջագետքներումդ

[mit͡ʃʰɑɡétkʰ]


Միջագետք

head

Միջագետք • (Miǰagetkʻ) pl

xcl-proper noun

Միջագետք • (Miǰagetkʻ) pl

Miǰagetkʻ (romanization)
Միջագետք (nominative plural)
Միջագետաց (genitive plural)
Միջագետաց (dative plural)
Միջագետս (accusative plural)
Միջագետաց (ablative plural)
Միջագետս (locative plural)

xcl-decl-noun-pl

Միջագետաւք = Միջագետօք

From մէջ (mēǰ) + -ա- (-a-) + գետ (get) + -ք (-kʻ), because Mesopotamia is between Euphrates and Tigris. Calque of Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamía).


Շումեր

head

Շումեր • (Šumer)

hy-proper noun

Շումեր • (Šumer)

Šumer (romanization)
Շումեր (nominative singular singular-only)
Շումերի (dative singular singular-only)
Շումերից (ablative singular singular-only)
Շումերով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Շումերում (locative singular singular-only)
Շումերը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Շումերն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Շումերին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Շումերս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Շումերիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Շումերիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Շումերովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Շումերումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Շումերդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շումերիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շումերիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շումերովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Շումերումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Սումեր (alternative)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Շումերը / Շումերն

Շումերները / Շումերներն

Շումերներում

Շումերներիցս

Շումերներովս

Շումերներումս

Շումերներիցդ

Շումերներովդ

Շումերներումդ


Kaksoisvirranmaa

Kaksoisvirranmaa (nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaa (accusative nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaan (accusative genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaan (genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaata (partitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaassa (inessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaasta (elative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaahan (illative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaalla (adessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaalta (ablative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaalle (allative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaana (essive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaksi (singular translative)
Kaksoisvirranmaatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Kaksoisvirranmaani (nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaani (accusative nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaani (accusative genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaani (genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaatani (partitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaassani (inessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaastani (elative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaahani (illative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallani (adessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaltani (ablative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaalleni (allative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanani (essive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaakseni (singular translative)
Kaksoisvirranmaattani (abessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaasi (nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaasi (accusative nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaasi (accusative genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaasi (genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaatasi (partitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaassasi (inessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaastasi (elative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaahasi (illative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallasi (adessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaltasi (ablative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallesi (allative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanasi (essive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaksesi (singular translative)
Kaksoisvirranmaattasi (abessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaamme (nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaamme (accusative nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaamme (accusative genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaamme (genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaatamme (partitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaassamme (inessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaastamme (elative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaahamme (illative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallamme (adessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaltamme (ablative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallemme (allative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanamme (essive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaksemme (singular translative)
Kaksoisvirranmaattamme (abessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanne (nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanne (accusative nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanne (accusative genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanne (genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaatanne (partitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaassanne (inessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaastanne (elative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaahanne (illative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallanne (adessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaltanne (ablative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallenne (allative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaananne (essive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaksenne (singular translative)
Kaksoisvirranmaattanne (abessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaansa (nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaansa (accusative nominative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaansa (accusative genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaansa (genitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaataan (partitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaatansa (partitive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaassaan (inessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaassansa (inessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaastaan (elative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaastansa (elative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaahansa (illative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallaan (adessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallansa (adessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaltaan (ablative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaaltansa (ablative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaalleen (allative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaallensa (allative singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanaan (essive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaanansa (essive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaakseen (singular translative)
Kaksoisvirranmaaksensa (singular translative)
Kaksoisvirranmaattaan (abessive singular)
Kaksoisvirranmaattansa (abessive singular)
Kaksoisvirran maa (alternative)
Kaksoisvirtain maa (alternative)
Kaksoisvirtainmaa (alternative)

[ˈkɑ̝ks̠o̞i̯s̠ˌʋirːɑ̝mˌmɑ̝ː]

virran (“twin”) + virta (“river's”) + maa (“land”)


Babilonia

From Latin Babylōnia, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía), derived from Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, literally “Gate of God”); the name of the ancient Chaldean capital and Biblical city of the Apocalypse.


Babilonia

Babilonia (nominative singular)
Babilonii (genitive singular)
Babilonii (dative singular)
Babilonię (accusative singular)
Babilonią (instrumental singular)
Babilonii (locative singular)
Babilonio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Babylōnia. Doublet of Babel and Babilon.


Babilonia

Borrowed from Latin Babylōnia, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía), from Βαβυλων (Babulōn, “Babylon”) + -ία (-ía, forming place names for areas).


jswr

i-s-sw-w-r:Z1-N25 m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

Ultimately from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩 (Aššur, “Assur”).


Caldea

Chaldea (an ancient geographic region of Western Asia, in the southern portion of Babylonia in modern eastern Iraq and southwestern Iran, lying chiefly on the right bank of the Euphrates, but commonly used to refer to the whole of the Mesopotamian plain)


Ասորեստան

Asorestan (romanization)
Ասորեստան (nominative singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանի (dative singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանում (locative singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Ասորեստանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Ասորեստանը / Ասորեստանն

Ասորեստաններ

Ասորեստանները / Ասորեստաններն

Ասորեստանների

Ասորեստաններին

Ասորեստաններից

Ասորեստաններով

Ասորեստանում

Ասորեստաններում

Ասորեստաններս

Ասորեստաններիս

Ասորեստանիցս

Ասորեստաններիցս

Ասորեստանովս

Ասորեստաններովս

Ասորեստանումս

Ասորեստաններումս

Ասորեստաններդ

Ասորեստաններիդ

Ասորեստանիցդ

Ասորեստաններիցդ

Ասորեստանովդ

Ասորեստաններովդ

Ասորեստանումդ

Ասորեստաններումդ

From Old Armenian Ասորեստան (Asorestan).

Assyria (an ancient Semitic Akkadian kingdom and at times an empire, extant from the mid-23rd century BCE to 608 BCE and centred on the Upper Tigris river in northern Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq, but at its maximum extent including parts of modern Iran, Syria, Israel, Palestine and Egypt))

hy:Ասորեստան


Ասորեստան

Asorestan (romanization)
Ասորեստան (nominative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանի (genitive singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանի (dative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստան (accusative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանէ (ablative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանաւ (instrumental singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանի (locative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստան (nominative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանւոյ (genitive singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանւոյ (dative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստան (accusative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանւոյ (ablative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանեաւ (instrumental singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանի (locative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստան (nominative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանոյ (genitive singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանոյ (dative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստան (accusative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանոյ (ablative singular uncountable)
Ասորեստանով (instrumental singular uncountable)
Ասորեստան (locative singular uncountable)

xcl-decl-noun-unc

Ասորեստանւոյ

Ասորեստանւոյ

Ասորեստանւոյ

Ասորեստանեաւ

Armenian: Ասորեստան (Asorestan)

Either wholly borrowed from Iranian – compare Middle Persian 𐭠𐭮𐭥𐭥𐭮𐭲𐭭 (ʾswrstn), Parthian 𐭀𐭎𐭅𐭓𐭎𐭕𐭍 (ʾswrstn) – or, according to Hübschmann, formed in Armenian as ասորի (asori) + -աստան (-astan). The sound change -իա- (-ia-) → -ե- (-e-) is regular in Armenian.

Վեցերորդ՝ Կորճէք յելից կայ Մոկաց առ Ասորեստանիւ։ Եւ գաւառս ունի մետասան․ զԿորդիս, զԿորդիս վերին, զԿորդիս միջին, զԿորդիս ներքին, զԱյտուանս, զՄոթղանս, զՈրսիրանս, զԿարատունիս, զՃահուկ, զՓոքր Աղբակ։ Եւ ունի զառիկ․ եւ ի պտղոց՝ շահդանակ։
Vecʻerord, Korčēkʻ yelicʻ kay Mokacʻ aṙ Asorestaniw. Ew gawaṙs uni metasan; zKordis, zKordis verin, zKordis miǰin, zKordis nerkʻin, zAytuans, zMotʻłans, zOrsirans, zKaratunis, zČahuk, zPʻokʻr Ałbak. Ew uni zaṙik; ew i ptłocʻ, šahdanak.
1992 translation by Robert H. Hewsen

7th century, Anania Širakacʻi, Ašxarhacʻoycʻ [Geography]

Korčēkʿ is east of Mokkʿ by Assyria. It has eleven districts: Kordis, Upper Kordis, Middle Kordis, Lower Kordis, Aytuans, Motʿłans, Orsirans, Karatunis, Čahuk, and Lesser Ałbak. It has arsenic and among its fruits is the chestnut.


Քրդստան

head

Քրդստան • (Kʻrdstan)

hy-proper noun

Քրդստան • (Kʻrdstan)

Kʻrdstan (romanization)
Քրդստան (nominative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանի (dative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Քրդստանում (locative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քրդստանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Քրդստանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Քրդստանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քրդստանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Քրդստանը / Քրդստանն

Քրդստանները / Քրդստաններն

Քրդստաններին

Քրդստաններից

Քրդստաններով

Քրդստաններում

Քրդստաններիս

Քրդստաններիցս

Քրդստաններովս

Քրդստաններումս

Քրդստաններիդ

Քրդստաններիցդ

Քրդստաններովդ

Քրդստաններումդ

[kʰəɾtʰəstɑ́n]

Kurdistan (a cultural region in Western Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria)

Kurdistan (an autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


Fruchtbarer Halbmond

de-proper noun

Fruchtbarer Halbmond m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite nominative der Fruchtbare Halbmond, definite genitive des Fruchtbaren Halbmonds or des Fruchtbaren Halbmondes)

der Fruchtbare Halbmond (definite nominative)
des Fruchtbaren Halbmonds (definite genitive)
des Fruchtbaren Halbmondes (definite genitive)

Fertile Crescent
Fertile Crescent#English:_Q170526

(historical) Fertile Crescent (a crescent-shaped geographic region of fertile land in the Middle East in Western Asia, stretching from present-day Iraq through eastern Turkey to Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and Palestine)


آشور

ar-proper noun

آشُور • (ʔāšūr) m

آشُور (canonical)
ʔāšūr (romanization)
آشُور (definite diptote informal singular)
آشُورُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
آشُورَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
آشُورَ (definite diptote genitive singular)
آشُّور (alternative)


آشور

head

آشور • (âšur)

fa-proper noun

آشور • (âšur)


Բաբելոն

Babelon (romanization)
Բաբելոն (nominative singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնի (dative singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնից (ablative singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնում (locative singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Բաբելոնումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Բաբելոնը / Բաբելոնն

Բաբելոնները / Բաբելոններն

Բաբելոններին

Բաբելոններից

Բաբելոններով

Բաբելոններում

Բաբելոններիս

Բաբելոններիցս

Բաբելոններովս

Բաբելոններումս

Բաբելոններիդ

Բաբելոններիցդ

Բաբելոններովդ

Բաբելոններումդ

Hy-Բաբելոն.ogg


Babilónia

Babilónia (nominative singular)
Babilóniák (nominative plural)
Babilóniát (accusative singular)
Babilóniákat (accusative plural)
Babilóniának (dative singular)
Babilóniáknak (dative plural)
Babilóniával (instrumental singular)
Babilóniákkal (instrumental plural)
Babilóniáért (causal-final singular)
Babilóniákért (causal-final plural)
Babilóniává (singular translative)
Babilóniákká (plural translative)
Babilóniáig (singular terminative)
Babilóniákig (plural terminative)
Babilóniaként (essive-formal singular)
Babilóniákként (essive-formal plural)
Babilóniában (inessive singular)
Babilóniákban (inessive plural)
Babilónián (singular superessive)
Babilóniákon (plural superessive)
Babilóniánál (adessive singular)
Babilóniáknál (adessive plural)
Babilóniába (illative singular)
Babilóniákba (illative plural)
Babilóniára (singular sublative)
Babilóniákra (plural sublative)
Babilóniához (allative singular)
Babilóniákhoz (allative plural)
Babilóniából (elative singular)
Babilóniákból (elative plural)
Babilóniáról (delative singular)
Babilóniákról (delative plural)
Babilóniától (ablative singular)
Babilóniáktól (ablative plural)
Babilóniáé (singular)
Babilóniáké (plural)
Babilóniáéi (singular)
Babilóniákéi (plural)
Babilóniám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Babilóniáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Babilóniád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Babilóniáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Babilóniája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Babilóniái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Babilóniánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Babilóniáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Babilóniátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Babilóniáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Babilóniájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Babilóniáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)


Babilónia

Babilônia (alternative Brazil)
Babylonia (alternative obsolete)
Babylónia (alternative obsolete)


Bassorah

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْبَصْرَة (al-baṣra).


Ctesiphon

From Latin Ctēsiphōn, from Ancient Greek Κτησιφῶν (Ktēsiphôn).

These I assume were words so deeply meant / They cut themselves in stone for permanent / Like trouble in the brow above the eyes: / ‘Take Care to Sell Your Horse before He Dies / The Art of Life Is Passing Losses on.’ / The city saying it was Ctesiphon, / Which may a little while by war and trade / Have kept from being caught with the decayed, / Infirm, worn-out, and broken on its hands; […]

1947, Robert Frost, “The Ingenuities of Debt”, in Steeple Bush:

(historical) An ancient capital of Parthia and later of the Sassanid Persian Empire, on the Tigris near Baghdad in present-day Iraq, abandoned in the 7th and 8th centuries.

[Book Pahlavi needed] (tyspwn /tēsifōn/)


Ctesiphon

la-proper noun

Ctēsiphōn f sg (genitive Ctēsiphōntis); third declension

Ctēsiphōn (canonical feminine singular)
Ctēsiphōntis (genitive)
Ctēsiphōn (nominative singular)
Ctēsiphōntis (genitive singular)
Ctēsiphōntī (dative singular)
Ctēsiphōntem (accusative singular)
Ctēsiphōnte (ablative singular)
Ctēsiphōn (singular vocative)
Ctēsiphōntī (locative singular)
Ctēsiphōnte (locative singular)
Ctēsifōn (alternative)

From Ancient Greek Κτησιφῶν (Ktēsiphôn). In Old Latin, it was declined as Ctēsiphōn, Ctēsiphōnis.

Ctesiphon (the ancient capital of Parthia, in modern Iraq)


Babil

Babil (nominative singular)
Babiller (nominative plural)
Babil'i (accusative singular)
Babilleri (accusative plural)
Babil'e (dative singular)
Babillere (dative plural)
Babil'de (locative singular)
Babillerde (locative plural)
Babil'den (ablative singular)
Babillerden (ablative plural)
Babil'in (genitive singular)
Babillerin (genitive plural)
Babil'im (first-person singular)
Babillerim (first-person singular)
Babil'lerim (first-person singular)
Babil'in (second-person singular)
Babillerin (second-person singular)
Babil'lerin (second-person singular)
Babil'i (singular third-person)
Babilleri (singular third-person)
Babil'leri (singular third-person)
Babil'imiz (first-person plural)
Babillerimiz (first-person plural)
Babil'lerimiz (first-person plural)
Babil'iniz (plural second-person)
Babilleriniz (plural second-person)
Babil'leriniz (plural second-person)
Babil'i (plural third-person)
Babilleri (plural third-person)
Babil'leri (plural third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish بابل (Bābil), from Persian بابل (Bâbel).


sumér

sumérok (plural)
sumér (nominative singular)
sumérok (nominative plural)
sumért (accusative singular)
sumérokat (accusative plural)
sumérnak (dative singular)
suméroknak (dative plural)
sumérral (instrumental singular)
sumérokkal (instrumental plural)
sumérért (causal-final singular)
sumérokért (causal-final plural)
sumérrá (singular translative)
sumérokká (plural translative)
sumérig (singular terminative)
sumérokig (plural terminative)
sumérként (essive-formal singular)
sumérokként (essive-formal plural)
sumérban (inessive singular)
sumérokban (inessive plural)
suméron (singular superessive)
sumérokon (plural superessive)
sumérnál (adessive singular)
suméroknál (adessive plural)
sumérba (illative singular)
sumérokba (illative plural)
sumérra (singular sublative)
sumérokra (plural sublative)
sumérhoz (allative singular)
sumérokhoz (allative plural)
sumérból (elative singular)
sumérokból (elative plural)
sumérról (delative singular)
sumérokról (delative plural)
sumértól (ablative singular)
suméroktól (ablative plural)
suméré (singular)
suméroké (plural)
suméréi (singular)
sumérokéi (plural)
sumérom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
sumérjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
sumérod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
sumérjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
sumérja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
sumérjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
sumérunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
sumérjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
sumérotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
sumérjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
sumérjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
sumérjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
sumer (alternative)


Asszíria

Asszíria (nominative singular)
Asszíriák (nominative plural)
Asszíriát (accusative singular)
Asszíriákat (accusative plural)
Asszíriának (dative singular)
Asszíriáknak (dative plural)
Asszíriával (instrumental singular)
Asszíriákkal (instrumental plural)
Asszíriáért (causal-final singular)
Asszíriákért (causal-final plural)
Asszíriává (singular translative)
Asszíriákká (plural translative)
Asszíriáig (singular terminative)
Asszíriákig (plural terminative)
Asszíriaként (essive-formal singular)
Asszíriákként (essive-formal plural)
Asszíriában (inessive singular)
Asszíriákban (inessive plural)
Asszírián (singular superessive)
Asszíriákon (plural superessive)
Asszíriánál (adessive singular)
Asszíriáknál (adessive plural)
Asszíriába (illative singular)
Asszíriákba (illative plural)
Asszíriára (singular sublative)
Asszíriákra (plural sublative)
Asszíriához (allative singular)
Asszíriákhoz (allative plural)
Asszíriából (elative singular)
Asszíriákból (elative plural)
Asszíriáról (delative singular)
Asszíriákról (delative plural)
Asszíriától (ablative singular)
Asszíriáktól (ablative plural)
Asszíriáé (singular)
Asszíriáké (plural)
Asszíriáéi (singular)
Asszíriákéi (plural)
Asszíriám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Asszíriáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Asszíriád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Asszíriáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Asszíriája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Asszíriái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Asszíriánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Asszíriáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Asszíriátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Asszíriáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Asszíriájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Asszíriáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


الهلال الخصيب

ar-proper noun

الْهِلَال الْخَصِيب

الْهِلَال الْخَصِيب • (al-hilāl al-ḵaṣīb) m

الْهِلَال الْخَصِيب (canonical)
al-hilāl al-ḵaṣīb (romanization)
الْهِلَال الْخَصِيب (definite informal singular triptote)
الْهِلَالُ الْخَصِيبُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْهِلَالَ الْخَصِيبَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْهِلَالِ الْخَصِيبِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
هِلَال الْخَصِيب (alternative)


Асирија

Аси́рија (canonical feminine)
Asírija (romanization)
Асирија (nominative singular)
Асирије (genitive singular)
Асирији (dative singular)
Асирију (accusative singular)
Асиријо (singular vocative)
Асирији (locative singular)
Асиријом (instrumental singular)


Сумер

Су̀ме̄р (canonical masculine)
Sùmēr (romanization)
Сумер (nominative singular)
Сумера (genitive singular)
Сумеру (dative singular)
Сумер (accusative singular)
Сумеру (singular vocative)
Сумеру (locative singular)
Сумером (instrumental singular)


Nippur

Afak Al-Qādisiyyah
Afak Al-Qādisiyyah#English

An ancient city in Sumer, modern Nuffar in Afak Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq.


Eridu

Tell Abu Shahrain
Tell Abu Shahrain#English

ancient Sumerian city in modern Iraq; modern Tell Abu Shahrain.


Eridu

cs-proper noun

Eridu n (indeclinable, relational adjective eridský)

Eridu honosilo se slavným chrámem boha vod Ia, jehož velikolepé trosky objevil Taylors[…]

1890, Zeměpisný sborník, volume 3, Praha: J. Otta, page 384:

Eridu was proud of its famous temple of the water god Ea, whose magnificent ruins were discovered by Taylors […]

Eridu (ancient Sumerian city in modern Iraq; modern Tell Abu Shahrain)


Assur

Learned borrowing from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”).

lbor

One of the ancient capitals of Assyria, in modern Iraq.


Assur

Assur (one of the ancient capitals of Assyria, in modern Iraq)


Kurdisztán

Kurdisztán (nominative singular)
Kurdisztánt (accusative singular)
Kurdisztánnak (dative singular)
Kurdisztánnal (instrumental singular)
Kurdisztánért (causal-final singular)
Kurdisztánná (singular translative)
Kurdisztánig (singular terminative)
Kurdisztánként (essive-formal singular)
Kurdisztánban (inessive singular)
Kurdisztánon (singular superessive)
Kurdisztánnál (adessive singular)
Kurdisztánba (illative singular)
Kurdisztánra (singular sublative)
Kurdisztánhoz (allative singular)
Kurdisztánból (elative singular)
Kurdisztánról (delative singular)
Kurdisztántól (ablative singular)
Kurdisztáné (singular)
Kurdisztánéi (singular)
Kurdisztánom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Kurdisztánod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Kurdisztánja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Kurdisztánunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Kurdisztánotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Kurdisztánjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Sümer

Sumer (a historical region occupied by the earliest known ancient civilization of the ancient Near East (4th to 3rd millennia BC), located in lower Mesopotamia in modern southern Iraq)


Mesopotâmia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamía, from μέσος (mésos, “between”) + ποταμός (potamós, “river”)).

bor+

Mesopotamia (a geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man)


Bagdád

cs-proper noun

Bagdád m inan (relational adjective bagdádský, demonym Bagdáďan)

bagdádský (adjective relational)
Bagdáďan (demonym)
Bagdád (nominative singular)
Bagdádu (genitive singular)
Bagdádu (dative singular)
Bagdád (accusative singular)
Bagdáde (singular vocative)
Bagdádě (locative singular)
Bagdádu (locative singular)
Bagdádem (instrumental singular)


巴格達

/pä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ tä³⁵/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tat̚⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tat̚⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tat̚⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ tat̚¹²¹/

/pä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ tä³⁵/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tat̚⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tat̚⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tat̚⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ tat̚¹²¹/


ܚܕܒܫܒܐ

aii-proper-noun

ܚܲܕ݇ܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ • (ḥaḇšabbā) f

ܚܲܕ݇ܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ (canonical)
ḥaḇšabbā (romanization)

desc

→ Arabic: خُوشَابَا (ḵūšābā)

→ Arabic: خُوشَابَا (ḵūšābā)

→ Northern Kurdish: خۆشابا (xoşaba)

From ܚܲܕ݇ (ḥa, “one, first”) + ܒ- (b-, “in”) + ܫܲܒܵܐ (šabbā, “week”); compare Arabic الأَحَد (al-ʔaḥad).

com

Khoshaba (a town in northern Iraq, populated by Yazidis, located in the Nineveh Plains)


Курдистан

ru-proper noun+

Курдиста́н • (Kurdistán) m inan (genitive Курдиста́на)

Курдиста́н (canonical)
Kurdistán (romanization)
Курдиста́на (genitive)
Курдиста́н (nominative singular)
Курдиста́на (genitive singular)
Курдиста́ну (dative singular)
Курдиста́н (accusative singular)
Курдиста́ном (instrumental singular)
Курдиста́не (prepositional singular)


Курдистан

Ку̏рдистан (canonical masculine)
Kȕrdistan (romanization)
Курдистан (nominative singular)
Курдистана (genitive singular)
Курдистану (dative singular)
Курдистан (accusative singular)
Курдистане (singular vocative)
Курдистану (locative singular)
Курдистаном (instrumental singular)


Tygrys

Tygrys (nominative singular)
Tygrysu (genitive singular)
Tygrysowi (dative singular)
Tygrys (accusative singular)
Tygrysem (instrumental singular)
Tygrysie (locative singular)
Tygrysie (singular vocative)

Tigris (a river in Iraq, Syria and Turkey)


ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ

aii-proper-noun

ܒܹܝܬ ܢܲܗܪܝܼܢ

ܒܹܝܬ ܢܲܗܪܝܼܢ • (bēt nahrīn) f

ܒܹܝܬ ܢܲܗܪܝܼܢ (canonical)
bēt nahrīn (romanization)
ܒܹܝܬ݂ܢܲܗܪܝܼܢ (alternative)
ܒܹܝܬ݂ܢܲܗܪ̈ܝܼܢ (alternative)
ܒܹܝܬ݂ ܢܲܗܪ̈ܝܼܢ (alternative)
ܒܹܝܬ݂ ܢܲܗܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (alternative)
ܒܹܝܬ݂ܢܲܗܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ (bēṯ nahrīn), ܒܝܬ (bêṯ, “between”) (contraction of ܒܝܢܬ (baynāṯ)) + ܢܗܪܝܢ (nahrīn, “rivers”) (the absolute plural form of ܢܗܪܐ (nahrā)), referring to the Tigris and Euphrates, Literally, “between the rivers”, although the term encompasses land around the rivers as well.


ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ

head

ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ • (bēṯ nahrīn) f

bēṯ nahrīn (romanization)
ܒܝܬܢܗܪܝܢ (alternative)

From ܒܹܝܬ (bēṯ, “between”) + ܢܲܗܪܝܼܢ (nahrīn, “rivers”), literally “between the (two) rivers”, referring to the Tigris and Euphrates.


Aram

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

From Latin Aram, from Biblical Hebrew אֲרַם (ʾăram).

(biblical) A historical region mentioned in the Bible, located in modern Syria as well as parts of Iraq, Lebanon and southeastern Turkey; inhabited by Aramaeans.

آرام

a Biblical region located in modern Syria


Aram

Yakub melarikan diri ke tanah Aram, dan Israel memperhambakan diri untuk mendapat isteri, ya, untuk mendapat isteri ia menjadi gembala.

1985, Alkitab Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari (BIS), Kitab Hosea 12:12:

Jacob fled to the land of Aram, and Israel worked for a wife, and for a wife he kept sheep.

(biblical) Aram (a historical region mentioned in the Bible, located in modern Syria as well as parts of Iraq, Lebanon and southeastern Turkey; inhabited by Aramaeans)


Aram

Fugit Iacob in regionem Aram; et servivit Israel pro uxore et pro uxore custos fuit.

1979, Nova Vulgata Bibliorum Sacrorum Editio, Prophetia Osee 12:12:


ܐܬܪܐ

aii-proper-noun

ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ • (aṯrā) m or f

Inherited from Aramaic אַתְרָא (ʾaṯrā, “country; idem”), from Proto-Semitic *ʔaṯar-; cognate to Hebrew אֲשֶׁר (ashér, relative pronoun), אֲתָר (atár, “site”), Ge'ez አሰር (ʾäsär), አሠር (ʾäśär, “trace, vestige; way, road; relic”), Arabic أَثَر (ʔaṯar, “trace, vestige, impression, relic”) and Akkadian 𒆠 (ašrum, “place, site”). Also related to the preposition ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ (bāṯar, “behind, after”).

cog

ܒܸܬ ܚܵܙܩܲܚ ܡܸܢ݇ܕܪܹܝܫ݇ ܠܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ ܒܢܝܼܣܵܢ.

(by extension, popular) Assyria, the Assyrian homeland (a geographic region of Iraq, Turkey, Iran and Syria, in the Middle East)


ܕܝܢܐ

aii-proper-noun

ܕܝܼܵܢܵܐ • (dīyānā) f

ܕܝܼܵܢܵܐ (canonical)
dīyānā (romanization)

Occupational noun derived from the above; compare Arabic دَيَّان (dayyān) and Hebrew דַּיָּן (dayán). The latter proper noun is derived from the former.

Soran, Diyana (a city in northern Iraq, historically Assyrian)


ܕܝܪܐ

ܕܹܝܪܹ̈ܐ • (dērē) f

→ Northern Kurdish: دێرێ (dêrê)

Inherited from Aramaic דַּירָא (dayrā), related to the verb ܕܵܐܹܪ (dāˀēr, “to circle, dwell”) of the noun pattern 1a23ā; compare Arabic دَيْر (dayr) and Hebrew דִּיר (dír). The latter noun is an occupational noun derived from the former; hence compare Arabic دَيَّار (dayyār) and Hebrew דַּיָּר (dayár).

Dere (an Assyrian town in northern Iraq, located in the Sapna valley)


ܟܪܟܐ

ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܐ • (karḵā) f

ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܐ (canonical)
karḵā (romanization)

→ Arabic: كَرْكُوكْ (karkūk)

Inherited from Aramaic כַּרְכָא (karḵā), from either Demotic grg or the above root; cognate of Hebrew כְּרַךְ (k'rákh) and Coptic ϭⲉⲣϭⲏ (cercē). The proper noun is a shortening of ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܐ ܕܒܹܝܬ݂ ܣܠܘܿܩ (karḵā d-bēṯ slōq, “Citadel of the Seleucids”).

Kirkuk (a historically Assyrian city in northern Iraq, located in the Nineveh Plains and historically the capital of Beth Garmai)


Bablóin

An Bhablóin (canonical feminine)
Bablóine (genitive)
Bablóin (indefinite nominative singular)
a Bhablóin (indefinite singular vocative)
Bablóine (genitive indefinite singular)
Bablóin (dative indefinite singular)
an Bhablóin (definite nominative singular)
na Bablóine (definite genitive singular)
leis an mBablóin (dative definite singular)
don Bhablóin (dative definite singular)
Bablóin
Bhablóin
mBablóin

(historical) Babylon (an ancient city, the ancient capital of Babylonia in modern Iraq, built on the banks of the Euphrates)


Bablóinia

An Bhablóinia (canonical feminine)
na Bablóinia (genitive)
Bablóinia (indefinite nominative singular)
a Bhablóinia (indefinite singular vocative)
Bablóinia (genitive indefinite singular)
Bablóinia (dative indefinite singular)
an Bhablóinia (definite nominative singular)
na Bablóinia (definite genitive singular)
leis an mBablóinia (dative definite singular)
don Bhablóinia (dative definite singular)
Bablóinia
Bhablóinia
mBablóinia

Borrowed from Latin Babylōnia, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía).

Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)


Babylone

→ Khmer: បាប៊ីឡូន (baabiiloun)


𐎠𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎠

a-θ-u-r-a (romanization)
aθurā (romanization)

→ Egyptian:

Latin script: A-SA-wA-rw:xAst (ꜣšꜣwꜣrw)

From Proto-Iranian *AcuraH, itself from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”).

Assyria (an ancient Semitic Akkadian kingdom and at times an empire, extant from the mid-23rd century BCE to 608 BCE and centred on the Upper Tigris river in northern Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq, but at its maximum extent including parts of modern Iran, Syria, Israel, Palestine and Egypt))


Chaldée

Chaldea (an ancient geographic region of Western Asia, in the southern portion of Babylonia in modern eastern Iraq and southwestern Iran, lying chiefly on the right bank of the Euphrates, but commonly used to refer to the whole of the Mesopotamian plain)


Nínive

Nineveh (an ancient city in Assyria, in modern Iraq, near Mosul)


Assíria

Learned borrowing from Latin Assyria, from Ancient Greek Ἀσσυρία (Assuría), from Akkadian 𒀸𒋗𒁺𐎹 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩 (Aššur, “Assur”), its original capital.


ܙܘܝܬܐ

ܙܵܘܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (zāwīṯā) f

ܙܵܘܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (canonical)
zāwīṯā (romanization)

→ Arabic: زاوِيْتَة (zāwiyta)

Compare Arabic زَاوِيَة (zāwiya) and Hebrew זָוִית (zavít).

Zawita (an Assyrian town in northern Iraq, located in the region of Nuhadra)


Mosul

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish موصل (mosul) , from Arabic الْمَوْصِل (al-mawṣil).

bor+

The capital city of the Nineveh governorate, Iraq.


Mosul

Mosul (the capital city of the Nineveh governorate, Iraq)


Mesópótamía

is-proper noun

Mesópótamía f (proper noun, genitive singular Mesópótamíu)

Mesópótamíu (genitive singular)
Mesópótamía (indefinite nominative singular)
Mesópótamíu (accusative indefinite singular)
Mesópótamíu (dative indefinite singular)
Mesópótamíu (genitive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Classical Latin Mesopotamia.

bor+

(historical) Mesopotamia (a geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man)


Asiria

Nem bilong namba 3 wara em Taigris na em i ran i go long hap sankamap bilong kantri Asiria. Na nem bilong namba 4 wara em Yufretis.

1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:14:


نيبور

ar-proper noun

نِيبُّور • (nībbūr) m

نِيبُّور (canonical)
nībbūr (romanization)

Nippur (an ancient city in Sumer, modern Nuffar in Afak Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq)


bbr

b-b-r:Z1-N25 m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

x:z-d:N33A-b-nfr-n-b-b-r:Z1-N25
ḫsbd nfr n(j) bbr

c. 1439 BCE, Annals of Thutmose III, year 40 inscription, list of tribute from Assur


Kurdistāna

Kurdistāna (nominative singular)
Kurdistānas (genitive singular)
Kurdistānai (dative singular)
Kurdistānu (accusative singular)
Kurdistānu (instrumental singular)
Kurdistānā (locative singular)
Kurdistāna (singular vocative)

Kurdistan (a cultural region in Western Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria)

(by extension) Kurdistan (an autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


Asyria

Asyria (nominative singular)
Asyrii (genitive singular)
Asyrii (dative singular)
Asyrię (accusative singular)
Asyrią (instrumental singular)
Asyrii (locative singular)
Asyrio (singular vocative)


బాగ్దాదు

te-proper noun

బాగ్దాదు • (bāgdādu) ?


ܕܘܪܐ

aii-proper-noun

ܕܘܼܪܹ̈ܐ • (dūrē) f

→ Northern Kurdish: دورێ (durê)

Dooreh (an Assyrian town in northern Iraq, located in Barwar)


Najaf

Al Najaf (alternative)
An Najaf (alternative)


Вавилон

mk-proper noun

Вавило́н • (Vavilón) m (relational adjective вавило́нски)

Вавило́н (canonical)
Vavilón (romanization)
вавило́нски (adjective relational)


Вавилон

ru-proper noun+

вавило́нский

Вавило́н • (Vavilón) m inan (genitive Вавило́на, relational adjective вавило́нский)

Вавило́н (canonical)
Vavilón (romanization)
Вавило́на (genitive)
вавило́нский (adjective relational)
Вавило́н (nominative singular)
Вавило́на (genitive singular)
Вавило́ну (dative singular)
Вавило́н (accusative singular)
Вавило́ном (instrumental singular)
Вавило́не (prepositional singular)
Вавѵло́нъ (alternative)


Вавилон

uk-proper noun

Вавило́н<sg>

вавило́нський

Вавило́н • (Vavylón) m inan (genitive Вавило́на, uncountable, relational adjective вавило́нський)

Вавило́н (canonical)
Vavylón (romanization)
Вавило́на (genitive)
вавило́нський (adjective relational)
Вавило́н (nominative singular)
Вавило́на (genitive singular)
Вавило́нові (dative singular)
Вавило́ну (dative singular)
Вавило́н (accusative singular)
Вавило́ном (instrumental singular)
Вавило́ну (locative singular)
Вавило́ні (locative singular)
Вавило́не (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

Вавило́н<sg>


Ассирия

ru-proper noun+

ассири́йский

Асси́рия • (Assírija) f inan (genitive Асси́рии, relational adjective ассири́йский)

Асси́рия (canonical)
Assírija (romanization)
Асси́рии (genitive)
ассири́йский (adjective relational)
Асси́рия (nominative singular)
Асси́рии (genitive singular)
Асси́рии (dative singular)
Асси́рию (accusative singular)
Асси́рией (instrumental singular)
Асси́риею (instrumental singular)
Асси́рии (prepositional singular)
Ассі́рія (alternative)
Асси́рія (alternative)

[ɐˈsʲirʲɪjə]


ܒܝܪܬܐ

aii-proper-noun

ܒܝܼܪܬܵܐ • (bīrtā) f

ܒܝܼܪܬܵܐ (canonical)
bīrtā (romanization)

[biːˈrɑːθɑː]

From Akkadian 𒁉𒅕𒌅 (birtu [BI.IR.TU]); compare Hebrew בִּירָה (birá, “capital city”) and the Old Armenian loanword բերդ (berd).


𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠

From 𒆍 (ka₂, kan₄ /kan/, “gate”) + 𒀭𒊏 (dig̃ir-ra /dig̃irak/, “of god”) + 𒆠 (ᵏⁱ, determinative), literally “Gate of God”, Neo-Sumerian loan translation of the name of the city, interpreted by Akkadian speakers in what is likely a folk etymology as bāb (“gate”) + ilim (“of god”).


سلێمانی

head

سلێمانی (Silêmanî)


Arbela

(historical) An ancient city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq; modern Arbil.


Arbela

Arbela (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq; modern Arbil)


Chaldaea

Alternative form of Chaldea: (historical) An ancient geographic region of Western Asia, in the southern portion of Babylonia in modern eastern Iraq and southwestern Iran, lying chiefly on the right bank of the Euphrates, but commonly used to refer to the whole of the Mesopotamian plain


Քաղդեա

Քաղդեա • (Kʻaġdea)

hy-proper noun

Քաղդեա • (Kʻaġdea)

Kʻaġdea (romanization)
Քաղդեա (nominative singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայի (dative singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայում (locative singular singular-only)
Քաղդեան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Քաղդեային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Քաղդեաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Քաղդեադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Քաղդեայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Քաղդեաները / Քաղդեաներն

Քաղդեաներում

Քաղդեաներիցս

Քաղդեաներովս

Քաղդեաներումս

Քաղդեաներիցդ

Քաղդեաներովդ

Քաղդեաներումդ

(historical) Chaldea (an ancient geographic region of Western Asia, in the southern portion of Babylonia in modern eastern Iraq and southwestern Iran, lying chiefly on the right bank of the Euphrates, but commonly used to refer to the whole of the Mesopotamian plain)


Curdistão

[kuɦ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuɦ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuɾ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuʁ.d͡ʒiʃˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

[kuɻ.d͡ʒisˈtɐ̃ʊ̯̃]


Anbar

From Arabic اَلْأَنْبَار (al-ʔanbār), from Middle Persian [Term?]. See Persian انبار (anbâr) for more. Doublet of sambar.

bor

اَلْأَنْبَار

Al Anbar (alternative)
Al-Anbar (alternative)

A medieval town in Anbar Province, in modern-day central Iraq, now abandoned.


Anbar

Anbar (a medieval town in Anbar Province, in modern-day central Iraq)


Shatt al-Arab

/ˌʃæt æl ˈæɹ.əb/

From Arabic شَطّ اَلْعَرَب (šaṭṭ al-ʕarab, literally “stream of the Arabs”).

uder

شَطّ اَلْعَرَب

A river in Southwest Iraq, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and the Tigris; the southern end of the river constitutes the border between Iraq and Iran down to the mouth of the river as it discharges into the Persian Gulf.


Babylonien

Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)


Babylonien

de-proper noun

Babylonien n (proper noun, strong, genitive Babyloniens)


Saladin

From Arabic صَلَاحُ الدِّين (ṣalāḥu d-dīn).

der

صَلَاحُ الدِّين

Arabic صَلَاحُ الدِّين (ṣalāḥu d-dīn)


Lưỡng Hà

[lɨəŋ˦ˀ˥ haː˨˩]

[lɨəŋ˧˨ haː˦˩]

[lɨəŋ˨˩˦ haː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 兩河, composed of 兩 (“two, double”) and 河 (“river”).


Ctesifonte

(historical) Ctesiphon (the ancient capital of Parthia, in modern Iraq)


美索不達米亞

ㄇㄟˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄚˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄇㄟˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄚˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

Мэйсобудамия

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹ tä³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ sɔːk̚³ pɐt̚⁵ taːt̚² mɐi̯¹³ aː³³/


新月沃土

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄩㄝˋ ㄨㄛˋ ㄊㄨˇ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄩㄝˋ ㄨㄛˋ ㄊㄨˇ

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ wɔ⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ wɔ⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Fertile Crescent (a crescent-shaped geographic region of fertile land in the Middle East in Western Asia, stretching from present-day Iraq through eastern Turkey to Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and Palestine)


בגדאד

he-proper noun

בַּגְדַּאדּ / בַּגְדָּד • (bagdad)

בַּגְדַּאדּ (canonical)
בַּגְדָּד (canonical)
bagdad (romanization)


Selêucia

Seleucia (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq)


Asýrie

cs-proper noun

Asýrie f (relational adjective asyrský, demonym Asyřan)

asyrský (adjective relational)
Asyřan (demonym)
Asýrie (nominative singular)
Asýrie (genitive singular)
Asýrii (dative singular)
Asýrii (accusative singular)
Asýrie (singular vocative)
Asýrii (locative singular)
Asýrií (instrumental singular)
Assyrie (alternative)

(historical) Assyria (an ancient Semitic Akkadian kingdom and at times an empire, extant from the mid-23rd century BCE to 608 BCE and centred on the Upper Tigris river in northern Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq, but at its maximum extent including parts of modern Iran, Syria, Israel, Palestine and Egypt))


Babylón

Babylón m inan (relational adjective babylónský, demonym Babylóňan)

babylónský (adjective relational)
Babylóňan (demonym)
Babylón (nominative singular)
Babylónu (genitive singular)
Babylónu (dative singular)
Babylón (accusative singular)
Babylóne (singular vocative)
Babylóně (locative singular)
Babylónu (locative singular)
Babylónem (instrumental singular)
Babylon (alternative)

Babylon (an ancient city, the ancient capital of Babylonia in modern Iraq, built on the banks of the Euphrates)


Babylónie

Babylónie f (relational adjective babylónský, demonym Babylón or Babylóňan)

babylónský (adjective relational)
Babylón (demonym)
Babylóňan (demonym)
Babylónie (nominative singular)
Babylónie (genitive singular)
Babylónii (dative singular)
Babylónii (accusative singular)
Babylónie (singular vocative)
Babylónii (locative singular)
Babylónií (instrumental singular)
Babylonie (alternative)


Mezopotámie

Mezopotámie f (relational adjective mezopotamský)

mezopotamský (adjective relational)
Mezopotámie (nominative singular)
Mezopotámie (genitive singular)
Mezopotámii (dative singular)
Mezopotámii (accusative singular)
Mezopotámie (singular vocative)
Mezopotámii (locative singular)
Mezopotámií (instrumental singular)
Mesopotamie (alternative)

Mesopotamia (a geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man)


Mezopotamija

sh-proper noun

Mezopotȃmija f (Cyrillic spelling Мезопота̑мија)

Mezopotȃmija (canonical feminine)
Мезопота̑мија (Cyrillic)
Mezopotamija (nominative singular)
Mezopotamije (genitive singular)
Mezopotamiji (dative singular)
Mezopotamiju (accusative singular)
Mezopotamijo (singular vocative)
Mezopotamija (singular vocative)
Mezopotamiji (locative singular)
Mezopotamijom (instrumental singular)


Мезопотамија

Мезопота̑мија

Мезопота̑мија f (Latin spelling Mezopotȃmija)

Мезопота̑мија (canonical feminine)
Mezopotȃmija (romanization)
Мезопотамија (nominative singular)
Мезопотамије (genitive singular)
Мезопотамији (dative singular)
Мезопотамију (accusative singular)
Мезопотамијо (singular vocative)
Мезопотамија (singular vocative)
Мезопотамији (locative singular)
Мезопотамијом (instrumental singular)

sh-decl-noun-unc

Мезопотамија

Мезопотамије

Мезопотамији

Мезопотамију

Мезопотамијо / Мезопотамија

Мезопотамији

Мезопотамијом

Ме зо по та ми ја


Hit

From Ottoman Turkish هیت (Hit) and Arabic هيت (Hit).


بابل

ar-proper noun

بَابِل • (bābil) f

بَابِل (canonical)
bābil (romanization)
بَابِل (definite diptote informal singular)
بَابِلُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
بَابِلَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
بَابِلَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

From Aramaic ܒܒܠ/ܒܒܝܠ (bāḇel/bāḇēl), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, “Babylon”, literally “gate of god”).


بابل

head

بابل • (Bābil)

ota-proper noun

بابل • (Bābil)

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَابِل (bābil), from Arabic بَابِل (bābil).


بابل

head

بابل • (bâbel)

fa-proper noun

بابل • (bâbel)


Arã

Aram (a historical region mentioned in the Bible, located in modern Syria as well as parts of Iraq, Lebanon and southeastern Turkey; inhabited by Aramaeans)


Babilònia

Borrowed from Latin Babylonia, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía).


ܐܬܘܪ

aii-proper-noun

ܐܵܬ݂ܘܿܪ • (āṯōr) f

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac ܐܬܘܪ, from Aramaic אתור, from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr) with a shift from /š/ to /θ/. Doublet of ܐܵܫܘܿܪ (āšōr) and ܣܘܼܪܝܼܵܐ (sūrīyā, “Syria”).


Mesopotàmia

Borrowed from Latin Mesopotamia, from Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamía).


בבֿל

bor

Hebrew בָּבֶל


Bagdadum

la-proper noun

Bagdadum n sg (genitive Bagdadī); second declension

Bagdadī (genitive)
Bagdadum (nominative singular)
Bagdadī (genitive singular)
Bagdadō (dative singular)
Bagdadum (accusative singular)
Bagdadō (ablative singular)
Bagdadum (singular vocative)
Bagdadī (locative singular)
Bagdatum (alternative)
Baghdadum (alternative)


Bagdetia

Bagdetia f sg (genitive Bagdetiae); first declension

Bagdetiae (genitive)
Bagdetia (nominative singular)
Bagdetiae (genitive singular)
Bagdetiae (dative singular)
Bagdetiam (accusative singular)
Bagdetiā (ablative singular)
Bagdetia (singular vocative)
Bagdetiae (locative singular)

(New Latin, chiefly 18th century) Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)


Kurdistão

Kurdistan (a cultural region in Western Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria)

Kurdistan (an autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


Euphrat

de-proper noun

der Euphrat m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Euphrat or des Euphrats)

der Euphrat (canonical masculine)
des Euphrat (definite genitive)
des Euphrats (definite genitive)

From Ancient Greek Εὐφράτης (Euphrátēs), from Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 (ʰUfrātuš).

Euphrates (a river in Iraq, Syria and Turkey in Mesopotamia)


Samarra

Borrowed from Arabic سَامَرَّاء (sāmarrāʔ).

bor

Arabic سَامَرَّاء (sāmarrāʔ)

A city in Iraq, on the east bank of the Tigris. In medieval times, it was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate.