Amoy

Latin: amoyensis

From the Postal Romanization of Hokkien 廈門 /厦门 (Ēe-mûi), specifically the Zhangzhou Hokkien dialect.

Near the Coaſt of the Province of Fokien lie Quemuy and Eymuy : Further off at Sea, oppoſite to them, appear Formoſa and Tayowan ; the firſt by the Chineſes, who now poſſeſs it, call'd Talieukich ; but to the Eaſt, near the Province Chekiang are the Iſles Changque and Chenxan.

[1671, Arnoldus Montanus, translated by John Ogilby, Atlas Chinensis, London: Tho. Johnson, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 468:

Passing one or two headlands to the northeastward of this place, we reach the harbor of Amoy, as pronounced by the natives, or, as more generally pronounced Heämun. This harbor is in the southwestern corner of a considerable bay, in which are two large and many smaller islands. The largest and westernmost island, named Amoy, forms the northern limit of the harbor, which is sheltered on the east by the smaller of the two principal islands, while the mainland shelters is on the west and south. The town of Amoy is situated at the south end of the larger island, and the anchorage for ships is immediately in front of it.

1837 May, “Coast of China: the division of it into four portions ; brief description of the principal places on the southeastern, eastern, and northeastern portions.”, in The Chinese Repository, volume VI, number 1, Canton, →OCLC, page 12:

Leaving Namoa, and sailing up the coast towards Amoy, the stranger is continually struck with the barren rocky nature of the coast, and in some parts has a view of hills of sand, the particles of which, when a hurricane blows, mix with the wind, and whiten the ropes of vessels and render it most unpleasant to be in the vicinity.

1847, Robert Fortune, Three Years' Wanderings in the Northern Provinces of China: Including a Visit to the Tea, Silk, and Cotton Countries; with an Account of the Agriculture and Horticulture of the Chinese, New Plants, Etc., 2nd edition, John Murray, Albemarle Street, pages 23–24:

He told me of a place on the mainland, near his native village—some seventy miles up the coast, between Foochow and Amoy—where game was plentiful, and sportsmen rare.

1896, Charles J. H Halcombee, The Mystic Flowery Land: A Personal Narrative, London: Luzac & Co., page 110:

The tea grown in the southern Fukien hills goes out through Amoy; in a shallow bay on one side of town there stand out of the mud at low tide hundreds of upright granite blocks like Western tombstones, on which oysters are grown. But the only unique industry Amoy and its island seem to boast is the making of toy cats, dogs, lions, tigers, and even more fearsome beasts from mud gaudily painted, the heads and tails so balanced that they wag gravely back and forth.

1925, Harry A. Franck, Roving Through Southern China, The Century Company, →OCLC, page 198:

The Merope stopped at Namoa, an island off the coast of Kwangtung and Fukien, where some small sales were made, and then, proceeding to Amoy, attempted to open trade relations there.

1934, David Edward Owen, British Opium Policy in China and India, Yale University Press, →OCLC, page 122; republished Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1968:

In February last year, he went to Amoy in Fukien Province on business. Amoy lies opposite Kinmen. One February day he swam to Kinmen and reached freedom. He has since worked for the General Political Warfare Department of the Ministry of National Defense.

1975 October 12, “Escapees from mainland plan wedding in Taipei”, in Free China Weekly, volume XVI, number 40, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:

Aung San escaped by disguising himself as a Chinese crewman on a Norwegian boat. He arrived in Amoy seeking contact with Chinese communists to help in Burma's drive for independence.

2013, Myanmar (Burma) (Insight Guides), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 41:

Naming it for the city-state’s Fukienese people, who hailed from Amoy, China, the company wove in Chinese-themed detailing throughout the hotel.

2014 November 11, Cheryl Lu-lien Tan, “Hotel Review: Amoy Hotel in Singapore”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-11-12, Travel:

Kinmen Island lies in the Amoy (Xiamen) Bay, southeast of mainland China's Fujian Province, with a total area of 150.456 square kilometers. The outlying island is 277 kilometers off the coast of Taiwan proper and a mere 10 kilometers from Xiamen Harbor.

(Can we date this quote?), “Kinmen Battlefield Culture”, in Ministry of Culture, archived from the original on 2021-09-16, Potential World Heritage Sites in Taiwan:

Files from the US consulate in Xiamen (Amoy) held by the US National Archives as microform material and digitized by TBMC include the consulate’s official dispatches to the US Department of State from 1844 to 1906.

2023 August 11, “Unlocking the Past: Digital Archives Illuminate Taiwan’s History”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2024-07-26, Culture:

Back in China, the American vice-consul in Amoy was one Le Gendre, married to Clara. His responsibilities lay in Amoy plus four other locations on Formosa (Taiwan) — Tamsui, Anping, Keelung and Takao.

2023 October 12, Bradley Winterton, “Book review: ‘Puppet Flower’: the roots of modern Taiwan”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-11-25, Features, page 14:

(dated) Xiamen, a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China.


Amoy

[…]Ayon sa saliksik ni Allan Wickberg, nagsimulang magpadala ng mga galeón tungong Tsina ang pamahalaang kolonyal noong 1758, imbes na hintayin ang mga sampan mulang Tsina. Noon kasi'y bawal maglayag tungong Tsina ang mga galeóng Espanyol. Binuksan din ang Maynila noong 1789 para sa mga barkong Europeong di-Espanyol na may kargadang mga kagamitang mula sa Asya. Simula iyon ng pagpapabilis ng kalakalan ng Filipinas sa pagdating ng mga sampan mulang Amoy at Chu'uan-chou sa Fukien. Nagpatuloy ang pagdagsa ng mga sampan mulang Amoy, habang ang mga galeón naman ng Espanyol ay pumasok doon sa Canton ngunit hindi sa Amoy. Nang makapasok ang barkong Hapones sa Filipinas, ang biyahe mulang Amoy tungong Filipinas ay halos tatlong araw lamang. […]

2005, “Ugat ng Huweteng”, in Sawikaan 2005: Mga Salita ng Taon, UP Press, →ISBN, page 4:

[…]According to Allan Wickberg's research, the colonial government began sending galleons to China in 1758, instead of waiting for sampans from China. At that time, Spanish galleons were not allowed to sail to China. Manila was also opened in 1789 to non-Spanish European ships laden with supplies from Asia. That was the beginning of the acceleration of Philippine trade with the arrival of sampans from Amoy and Chuanchou to Fukien. Sampans continued to flow from Amoy, while Spanish galleons entered Canton but not Amoy. When the Japanese ship entered the Philippines, the trip from Amoy to the Philippines was only about three days. […]

Xiamen, a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China


Xiamen

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 廈門 /厦門 /厦门 (Xiàmén).

The BRICS -- Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa -- had gathered in the southeastern Chinese city of Xiamen hoping to counter accusations that the group of big emerging economies was drifting apart and becoming irrelevant.

2017 September 4, “BRICS meets in shadow of North Korea bombshell”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2017-09-04, Live news:

For the past month Beijing has routinely sent drones over the Kinmen islands, which are about six miles from the coastal Chinese city of Xiamen. Recently China started to release high-resolution, close-range drone video of military facilities on Kinmen.

2022 September 1, Didi Tang, “Taiwan shoots down Chinese drone”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-09-01, World:

After the incident, Taiwan said five Chinese surveillance ships on Monday had entered prohibited or restricted waters of the Kinmen Islands, located a few kilometers from the southeastern Chinese city of Xiamen, home to more than 100,000 Taiwanese.

2024 February 28, “China tells Taiwan to explain death of 2 fishermen near Kinmen Islands”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2024-02-29:

A prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China.

:zh:周婉窈
Cambridge University Press
Xiamen

شْيَامِن

a sub-provincial city in southeastern China


Xiamen

[ʃɪ.aˈmẽɪ̯̃]

Xiamen (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


Fuzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 福州 (Fúzhōu).

ᡶᡠ ᠵᡝᠣ

a prefecture-level city in southeastern China

At the end of August Eaton anchored at a group of three small islands off the coast of Fujian to take on fresh water, as the casks had not been refilled since leaving the Cape in April. Cuninghame calls these islands the Crocodile Islands, but he says the Chinese call them the ‘Pek-kin Islands’. These are the Matsu Islands, north east of Fuzhou, one of which is called Peikantang or Peikan Island.

2007, Jane Kilpatrick, “The first collector”, in Gifts from the Gardens of China: The Introduction of Traditional Chinese Garden Plants to Britain 1698-1862, Frances Lincoln Limited, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 41:

In a past life in Fuzhou, it represented some reality other than the one of daily congee and pickled turnips, cabbage and boiled rip soup.

2022, Ling Ma, “Peking Duck”, in Bliss Montage, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN:

A prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, China.


廈門

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (廈門):
* → Korean: 하문(廈門) (Hamun)
* → Vietnamese: Hạ Môn (廈門)

→ Arabic: شْيَامِن (šyāmin)

→ Dutch: Xiamen, Emoi

desc

→ English: Amoy, Hsia-men, Hsiamen, Xiamen

→ French: Amoy, Xiamen

→ Georgian: სიამენი (siameni)

→ Japanese: 廈(シア)門(メン) (Shiamen)

→ Korean: 샤먼 (Syameon)

→ Portuguese: Amoy, Xiamen

→ Japanese: 廈(ア)門(モイ) (Amoi)

→ Spanish: Emuy

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ mən³⁵/

/ha³² ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/ˈha¹¹ mɨn³⁵/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mun¹¹/

/xa⁵⁵ mɔŋ³³/

/a²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/e⁴¹⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/e²²⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/e³³⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

/e³³⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/ɛ²²⁻²¹ muĩ¹³/

/ɛ⁵³⁻¹¹ muĩ¹¹/

/e³⁵⁻¹¹ muŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦo²² mən⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ mən³⁵/

/ha³² ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/ˈha¹¹ mɨn³⁵/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mun¹¹/

/xa⁵⁵ mɔŋ³³/

/a²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/e⁴¹⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/e²²⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/e³³⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

/e³³⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/ɛ²²⁻²¹ muĩ¹³/

/ɛ⁵³⁻¹¹ muĩ¹¹/

/e³⁵⁻¹¹ muŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦo²² mən⁴⁴/

A homophone of the original name 下門／下门 (Xiàmén) that came into official use for its more elegant sense.

zh-l

下門／下门 (Xiàmén)

(～市) Xiamen (a subprovincial city in Fujian, China)


廈門

廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén)

Xiamen, Amoy (a subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


廈門

Borrowed from Portuguese Amoy, in turn from Hokkien 廈門／厦门 (Ēe-mûi).

zh-m

廈門／厦门 (Ēe-mûi)

Amoy, Xiamen (a subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


廈門

chữ Hán form of Hạ Môn (“Xiamen (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)”).


Quanzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, literally “spring prefecture”).

der

Between 1946 and 1948 in the ruins of the foundations of Quanzhou’s South Gate Tower and southern wall we excavated more that twenty large white gravestones, inscribed in Arabic on both sides. They obviously had been taken from a demolished Islamic mosque. The area overlooked in the Jin River and was known as South Quanzhou, or the “Foreign District.” It was here that merchants from overseas and their families had lived during Song and Yuan.

1984, Zhuang Weiji, quotee, Jews in Old China: Studies by Chinese Scholars, Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 147:

Located on the Jin River, Quanzhou was China’s principal port during the Song and Yuan dynasties.

2016, “Fujian”, in China, DK, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 297, column 1:

He said that four years ago, the island began receiving water from the Jin River, in Quanzhou, China, and now 70-80% of Kinmen's water comes from China.

2023 February 8, Kelvin Chen, “Swiss parliamentarian delegation visits Taiwan's Kinmen”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2023-03-08, Politics:

A prefecture-level city in southeastern Fujian, China.


Zhangzhou

/ˈt͡sɑŋˈt͡soʊ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 漳州 (Zhāngzhōu), from its former status as the seat of Zhang Prefecture, named for the Zhang River.

``It looked as if the winds would carry you away the minute you stepped outside,″ the newspaper quoted Ding Jianmu, an official with the city government in Zhangzhou, another Fujian city, as saying.
Seven people in Zhangzhou were killed by collapsing buildings and walls. Another five died in Xiamen and 18 were killed in the nearby city of Quanzhou.

1999 October 11, “Typhoon Leaves 30 Dead in China”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-07-01:

My ancestors came from the region of Zhangzhou in Fujian, China.

2014, Lu Hsiu-lien, Ashley Esarey, My Fight for a New Taiwan, University of Washington Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 20:

A prefecture-level city in southern Fujian, China.


福州

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (福州):
* → Japanese: 福(ふく)州(しゅう) (Fukushū)
* → Korean: 복주(福州) (Bokju)
* → Vietnamese: Phúc Châu (福州)

desc

→ English: Foochow, Fuchow, Fujhou, Fuzhou, Hokchew, Hockchew, Hokchiu

→ Korean: 푸저우 (Pujeou)

→ Russian: Фучжо́у (Fučžóu)

→ Zhuang: Fuzcouh

→ Spanish: Focheu, Fucheu

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/hɒʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ t͡siu⁵³³/

/hɒʔ²⁻²⁴ t͡siu⁵³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/foʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/hɒʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ t͡siu⁵³³/

/hɒʔ²⁻²⁴ t͡siu⁵³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/foʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, China)


福州

chữ Hán form of Phúc Châu (“Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, in southeastern China)”).


下門

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ mən³⁵/

/a²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/e⁴¹⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/e²²⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/e³³⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

/e³³⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/ɛ²²⁻²¹ muĩ¹³/

/ɛ⁵³⁻¹¹ muĩ¹¹/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ mən³⁵/

/a²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/e⁴¹⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/e²²⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/e³³⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

/e³³⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/ɛ²²⁻²¹ muĩ¹³/

/ɛ⁵³⁻¹¹ muĩ¹¹/

(historical) Old name for 廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén, “Xiamen”).


泉州

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (泉州):
* → Japanese: 泉州(せんしゅう) (Senshū)
* → Korean: 천주(泉州) (Cheonju)
* → Vietnamese: Tuyền Châu (泉州)

desc

→ English: Chinchew, Chin-chiu, Chinchu, Ch'uan-chou, Ch'üan-chou, Chuanchow, Cyuanjhou, Quanzhou, Tsuan-tsiu

→ French: Quanzhou

→ Georgian: ციუენჭოუ (ciuenč̣ou)

→ German: Quanzhou

→ Korean: 취안저우 (Chwianjeou)

→ Portuguese: Quanzhou

→ Russian: Цюаньчжо́у (Cjuanʹčžóu)

→ Spanish: Quanzhou

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sũĩ¹³⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡sỹ¹³⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡suã¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡sĩ¹¹ t͡siu³³⁴/

/t͡sũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/

/ʑi²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sũĩ¹³⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡sỹ¹³⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡suã¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡sĩ¹¹ t͡siu³³⁴/

/t͡sũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/

/ʑi²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Quanzhou (a prefecture-level city in southeastern Fujian, China)


泉州

chữ Hán form of Tuyền Châu (“Quanzhou (a prefecture-level city in southeastern Fujian, China)”).


三明

/sän⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/

/sam²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/sän⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/

/sam²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

(～市) Sanming (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


漳州

ja-r

漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (漳州):
* → Japanese: 漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)
* → Korean: 장주(漳州) (Jangju)
* → Vietnamese: Chương Châu (漳州)

desc

→ English: Zhangzhou, Chang-chou, Changchow, Chang-chow, Changchew, Chiangchew, Tsiang-tsiu

→ Dutch: Zhangzhou, Tsiang-tsiu

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Zhangzhou (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


莆田

→ English: Putian, Putien, P'u-t'ien

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔu¹³⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔu¹³⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Putian (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


南平

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

(～市) Nanping (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


石獅

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

(～市) Shishi (a county-level city in Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


福清

→ English: Fooching, Fuching, Fu-ch'ing, Fuqing, Futsing, Hokchia, Hokchiang

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiã⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiã⁴⁴/

(～市) Fuqing (a county-level city in Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


寧德

→ English: Ningde, Ning-te

/niŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾naiʔ²⁴/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/n̠ʲin²² təʔ⁴⁴/

/niŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾naiʔ²⁴/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/n̠ʲin²² təʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Ningde (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


武夷山

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ i³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/u²¹ i²¹ suiŋ⁵⁴/

/u³³⁻³⁵ i⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ i³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/u²¹ i²¹ suiŋ⁵⁴/

/u³³⁻³⁵ i⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

(～市) Wuyishan (a county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China)


龍巖

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋaŋ⁵³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² nã²⁴/

/lioŋ¹¹ nã¹¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiam²⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋaŋ⁵³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² nã²⁴/

/lioŋ¹¹ nã¹¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡiam²⁴/

(～市) Longyan (a prefecture-level city in Fujian, China)


三山

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(informal) Alternative name for 福州 (Fúzhōu), Fuzhou (a city in Fujian, China)


晉江

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (晉江):
* → Vietnamese: Tấn Giang (晉江)

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Jinjiang (a county-level city and former county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


晉江

chữ Hán form of Tấn Giang (“Jinjiang (a county-level city and former county of Quanzhou, Fujian, in southeastern China)”).


建甌

→ English: Chien-ou, Jian'ou

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋɛu⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋɛu⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴/

(～市) Jian'ou (a county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China)


Chinchew

/t͡ʃɪnˈt͡ʃuː/

Uncertain. Either:
* Borrowed from Spanish Chincheo directly or indirectly via Portuguese Chincheo, ultimately from Hokkien 漳州 (Cheng-chiu, “Chiangchew/Zhangzhou”, IPA: /t͡ɕiɪŋ³³ t͡ɕiu³³/) specifically of the Quanzhou Hokkien dialect pronunciation, according to Van der Loon (1967), Boxer (1953) and the 1902 Encyclopedia from older late 1800s records, due to European sailors initially denoting on maps the Bay of Amoy and surrounding areas as "漳州" with various transcriptions such as "Chiochiu", "Chanchiu", "Chincheo", etc. as per Van der Loon (1967).
* From a supposed previous "Tsuien-chow" romanization, from Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/) according to Duncan (1902)
Compare Chiangchew. See also Hokkien 晉江 /晋江 (Chìn-kang), 泉州 (Choân-chiu), 漳州 (Chiang-chiu / Cheng-chiu), 漳江.

cog

IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

The Lamyet (or Nanjeih) islands are situated to the northeastward of Chinchew bay, the nearest distant about forty miles. The mainland, leaving its usual northeastern direction, runs out due east for above thirty miles, and the first of the Lamyet islands lies off the easternmost point of it. From hence there is an almost uninterrupted series of islands and islets, up to the mouth of the Yangtsze keäng. The Lamyet islands are opposite to the entrance of a deep bay, at the bottom of which is the city of Hinghwa foo, the capital of the most fertile portion of Fuhkeën. This bay, however, has not yet been visited by foreigners. The outermost of the Lamyet islands, named by Ross Ocksou, was found, when passed by the ships of Lord Amherst’s embassy, to be in lat .24° 59' 15" north, lon. 119° 34' 30" east. About thirty miles further to the northward, we pass between an island of peculiar form and the main. This island is named Haetan, the altar of the sea ; in shape it is semicircular, and of nearly equal breadth throughout. A few miles above this island we reach the mouth of the river Min.

1837 May, “Coast of China: the division of it into four portions ; brief description of the principal places on the southeastern, eastern, and northeastern portions.”, in The Chinese Repository, volume VI, number 1, Canton, →OCLC, pages 12–13:

It was then suggested that if two more men were ready perhaps it would be well to appoint them for the region north of us, to carry the Gospel to the villages and towns between Amoy and Chinchew and see whether the way might not be open to begin operations in that city. Chinchew is an important city near the seacoast, about one-third of the way from Amoy to Foochovv. The suggestion concerning the appointment of men for Chinchew was new to us.

1894, John Gerardus Fagg, Forty Years in South China, New York: Anson D. F. Randolph & Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 135:

They holed easily; once, off Chinchew, when Dent’s Lord Amherst chose to send a few warning rounds over the heads of several anchored rather too close, a gun happened to hang fire until the ship rolled, and she accidentally put a ball smack into one and saw her fill and go down.

1975, Peter Ward Fay, The Opium War 1840-1842, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, published 1997, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124:

Worcester (1972, 22) indicates that the whitewash used on ships around Chinchew, China, contains wood oil extracted from the poisonous seeds of Dryandra cordifolia which prevents attack by sea worms.

1989, Gunnar Thompson, Nu Sun, Fresno, CA: Pioneer Publishing Co., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 214:

Sailing under Spanish colours with his cousin William McKay at the helm, Matheson left the safe haven of Canton and headed north to Chinchew (Quanzhou), in Fujian. There, Matheson managed to offload $80,000- (over £17,000)- worth of the drug — enough to persuade him to return in the autumn - when storms forced his ship to take shelter 30 miles short of Chinchew in what turned out to be the region’s principal opium port.

2016, Liam Byrne, “William Jardine”, in Dragons: Ten Entrepreneurs Who Built Britain, Head of Zeus, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 227:

Rizal’s great, great grandfather named Domingo Lamco (also called Lam-co, Cua Yi Lam in Hokkien or Ke Yi-nan in Mandarin) was a native of Sionque, in the Chinchew district of the province of Fookien. He migrated to the Philippines due to political unrest in China and settled in Calamba in 1697.

2019 April 21, Jojie Alcantara, “The Jose Rizal Square in Jinjiang, China”, in SunStar, archived from the original on 2023-04-01:

(dated) Quanzhou (a city in southern Fujian, China)


Sanming

The Southeast uplands are generally poor in mineral resources, but coal and iron were evidently abundant enough to justify the construction of a medium-size integrated iron and steel plant in Fukien at Sanming during the Great Leap. Coal for the Sanming operation is mined in the Changping-Lungyen district and iron ore at nearby Hwaan.

1972, Theodore Shabad, China's Changing Map, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 170:

In 1959, on my way to Changting from Sanming in north Fukien, the bus stopped at an eating place and I got into conversation with a young woman at the same table.

1976, Hung-ying Liao, “My Old Home Revisited”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XV, number 2, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 14:

A young woman had just finished her dancing class and was on her way home when I accosted her. She was Wan Li, a cadre at the economics ministry. She had gone to the Dalian Foreign Language Institute (she hadn't met Cherry Blossom there, unfortunately) but she had been raised in the central Fujian town of Sanming. That town had the reputation in China of being somewhat utopian. It had been developed by people from all over China, before the Cultural Revolution. Miss Wan claimed that everything that had been said about Sanming was true—no problems, no pollution, perfect integration, a model city.
"Any Tibetans in Sanming?"
"No," Miss Wan said. "They have to stay in Tibet and solve their own problems. But people in Sanming are very civilized. They are from all places. Like the United States!"

1988, Paul Theroux, “The Night Train to Xiamen: Number 375”, in Riding the Iron Rooster: By Train Through China, G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 410–411:

The outbreak in Sanming city in Fujian killed 27 animals on a farm of 11,950 pigs, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said in a statement on its website.

2018 December 20, Hallie Gu, Tom Daly, “China confirms new African swine fever outbreak in Fujian province”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-12-20, Health News:

A prefecture-level city in Fujian, China.


Jian'ou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 建甌 /建瓯 (Jiàn'ōu).

Li, from Jianou in Fujian province, was confirmed to have been infected with the H5N1 bird flu virus in March.
"A doctor in her village will carry out medical checks every day and report her condition to us to ensure her complete recovery," said Huang Jian, deputy director of Jianou's Health Bureau.

[2007 May 29, “China says bird flu patient recovers, goes home”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-04-27:

Every now and then, Wan Zijing likes to bring up something that happened many years ago when we had both participated in the Provincial Young Writers’ Association conference in the historical city of Jian’ou.

2013, Li Han, “Late Stage”, in Josh Stenberg, transl., Irina's Hat: New Short Stories from China, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 155:

A county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China.


Nanping

Work centers in Nanping (formerly called Yenping) where are located the Nanping General Hospital and a high school for boys and girls. The conference has about 50 churches and 3,000 members. This conference is in Free China. Refugee institutions from Foochow have been temporarily located within the Yenping Conference—the Hwa Nan College and Hwa Nan High School at Nanping, and the Anglo-Chinese College and Union Kindergarten Training School at Yankow.

1944, Arthur J. Moore, Christ After Chaos, New York: Board of Missions and Church Extension The Methodist Church, →OCLC, page 32:

We traveled down the Min River from Nanping in a small sampan, flying the American flag for protection against bandits and soldiers. Those were the days when the Stars and Stripes still afforded some protection.

1953, John C. Caldwell, China Coast Family, Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 96:

Parents burn paper money to mourn for school students who were stabbed to death by a man at a primary school in Nanping, Fujian province March 24, 2010.

2010 April 12, “China stabbings spur public call for school security”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-07, World News:


Fogán

Borrowed from Chinese 福安 (Fú'ān), probably via the local pronunciation in the Fu'an dialect of Eastern Min.

De la cruel persecusion, que parece nuestra Christiandad de Fogán, desde el año de 1746.

1750, La Christiandad de Fogan, en la provincia de Fokien, en el imperio de China, cruelmente perseguida del impio Cheu-Hio-kien Virrey de dicha Provincia., page 3:

(historical) Fu'an (a county-level city in Ningde, Fujian, China)


福安

→ English: Fu'an, Fogan

→ Spanish: Fu'an, Fogán

⇒ Spanish: foganero

→ Latin:

⇒ Latin: foganensis

/fu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ an³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ an³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

(～市) Fu'an (a county-level city in Ningde, Fujian, China)


福鼎

/fu³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ tɪŋ³⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁴¹/

/fu³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ tɪŋ³⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁵³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪŋ⁴¹/

(～市) Fuding (a county-level city in Ningde, Fujian, China)


漳平

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

(～市) Zhangping (a county-level city in Longyan, Fujian, China)


邵武

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Shaowu (a county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China)


南安

/nän³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

(～市) Nan'an (a county-level city in Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


長樂

→ English: Changle, Changlo

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lɔːk̚²/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡoʔ⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/

/tiɤ²³⁻³³ lɤʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻²² loʔ⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lɔːk̚²/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡoʔ⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/

/tiɤ²³⁻³³ lɤʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/

/tio²⁴⁻²² loʔ⁴/

(～區, formerly ～市) Changle (a district and former county-level city in Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


Longyan

In view of the successful results of the program for the establishment of owner-farmers that had been previously achieved at Lungyen, one of the seven hsien under the 7th Prefecture in Western Fukien Province, the 7th Prefectural Office wanted to implement a similar program in the other six hsien and submitted to JCRR, in January, 1949, a project for land reform and rural reconstruction.

[1954 October, Hui-sun Tang, “The Land Problem and Land Reform in Taiwan”, in Land Reform in Free China, Taipei: China Engraving & Printing Works, →OCLC, page 19:

Xinhua, the official news agency, said that nearly half the children who were tested last week in Longyan City in Fujian Province showed abnormally high levels of lead, which can cause developmental problems in children as well as a host of other ailments, including anemia, stomach pain and brain damage.

2009 September 27, Andrew Jacobs, “Chinese Tests Reveal Lead in Children Near a Plant”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-04-29, Asia Pacific:

A prefecture-level city in southwestern Fujian, China.


Fuqing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 福清 (Fúqīng).

The 1.1 billion yuan ($152 million) sea bridge will connect Pingtan Island, located in the Taiwan Strait, to Fuqing, a city on the main landmass of eastern Fujian Province,[…]

2007 October 13, “China to build sea bridge to 5th-largest island”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-15, World News:

Yang Fengqin, an 87-year-old grandmother from the coastal city of Fuqing, in Fujian Province, has lived with one of her sons for 50 years and still heads to the market each day to buy ingredients for meals she cooks for him and a grandson.

2012 October 1, Alex Frew McMillan, Eveline Danubrata, “Old Age in China Is a Fledgling Business Opportunity”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-10-02, Global Business:

The reactor, located in the city of Fuqing city in China’s southeastern Fujian province, was designed to have a 60-year lifespan, with its core equipment domestically produced.

2021 January 30, “China’s first Hualong One nuclear reactor begins operations”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-01-30:

A county-level city in Fuzhou, Fujian, China.


Putian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 莆田 (Pútián).

Since we mainly rely on shipping grain into southern Fujian by sea, we could construct modern docks and warehouses for grain at the ports of Xiamen, Jinzhou, Xiaocuo, and Putian Xiuyu, and organize a special shipping brigade to transport grain in, and to ship out cane sugar, fruits, aquatic products, and special local products.

1987 February 3 [1986 July 5], Zhiqin Wang, Wang Yang, “SOLVING FUJIAN'S GRAIN PROBLEM: "The Crux of the Grain Problem in Fujian and How To Deal With It"”, in China Report Economic Affairs, volume JPRS-CEA-87-007, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page 87:

Located at the southern end of the exercise area, Wuqiu Dao consists of two islets - Daqiucun [Dachiu-tsun^([sic – meaning Tachiu-tsun])] and Xiaoqiucun [Hsiaochiu-tsun] with each covering approximately one square km. Formerly a township under Fujian's Putian County, its main dialect is similar to the one spoken in the Putian and Xianyou area. It was placed under the administration of Jinmen County after the Kuomintang Government retreated from the mainland.

1996 March 21 [1996 March 18], Jixiong (0149 2623 7160) He, “There Is a Feeling of Insecurity on Jinmen, Mazu, and Other Islands”, in Daily Report: China, numbers 96-056, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 75, column 2:

Located at Xiuyu, Putian, to the north of Meizhou Bay, the designed capacity for Phase 1 is 2.6Mt pa, with two LNG tanks each with a capacity of 145 000m².

2007, The Journal of Offshore Technology, volume 15, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2:

The Wuchiu (Wuqiu) Islands are nominally administered in the PRC by the Xiuyu District of the Putian prefecture, but are in reality controlled by the Republic of China, which administers Wuchiu (Wuqiu) as part of Quemoy (Jinmen) County.

2013, Rongxing Guo, Regional China: A Business and Economic Handbook, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 44:

Putien started in 1987, when Mr Fong ventured out of his hometown of Putian, a small agricultural coastal village in China, and arrived in Singapore. He established Putien in October 2000 as a small coffee shop on Kitchener Road, operating with seven staff. For the first few years, Putien sustained losses. But Mr Fong clung to his goal of providing authentic Fujian cuisine.

2017 May 3, “Feeding the passion”, in Business Times, archived from the original on 2017-07-01:

The magazine Bitter Winter reports the government's religious affairs department of Putian spent around $75,000 last month to turn the first floor of the Three-Self Church located in the Xiuyu district's Daitou town into a publicity center to promote the Communist Party and its leaders.

2020 November 23, “Chinese Government Tells Churches to Worship the Communist Party or be Closed”, in Christian Broadcasting Network, archived from the original on 2020-11-23:


Ningde

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寧德 /宁德 (Níngdé).

For instance, 116 of the 286 small projects built in Ningteh, Fukien, either collapsed or became useless by 1963.

[1970, Kang Chao, “Notes”, in Agricultural Production in Communist China, 1949-1965, Madison, Milwaukee, London: The University of Wisconsin Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 333:

These 40,000 are a very interesting people who say they once lived in Kwangtung, but who came up to Chekiang through the high hill tops of Fukien where, in Ningteh county in north-eastern Fukien, 134,000 of them now form the largest group in any one place.

[1976, Rewi Alley, “A Visit to Pottery Sites and She People”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XV, number 4, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 23, column 1:

The Ningde, Fujian-based company is ramping up production and its sourcing of minerals to meet growing demand for EVs. Consulting firm Wood Mackenzie has said CATL is on track to more than triple its cell manufacturing capacity by 2025.

2022 May 6, Christoph Steitz, Ben Klayman, “EXCLUSIVE CATL planning EV battery production in United States, vetting sites-sources”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-03-21, Technology:


Fuzcouh

Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, China)


Yong'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永安 (Yǒng'ān).

In Yong’an county, Fujian province, fiberboard is produced from waste lumber.

1982 June, Wu Dongyan, “The Furniture Industry”, in China Reconstructs [中国建设], volume XXXI, number 6, Beijing: China Welfare Institute, →OCLC, page 49:

By the time Comrade Luo Fu⁷⁸ (member of the Military Commission) learned about and objected to this move and the Red Army began to move eastward to Yong’an and Shaxian counties, the favourable situation which had existed in the Fujian People’s Government had changed.

1999 [1995], Chen Yun, Selected Works of Chen Yun, volume I, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 48:

A county-level city in Sanming, Fujian, China, formerly a county


Nan'an

From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 南安 (Nán'ān).

A county-level city in Quanzhou, Fujian, China.


Jinjiang

/d͡ʒɪnˈd͡ʒ(i)æŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 晉江 /晋江 (Jìnjiāng, “Jin River”).

Jacques Amoyt in his volume The Manila Chinese traced Fukienese in the Philippines as originating from six hsien - Chinchiang, Nanan, Huian, T'ungan, Anch'i and Yungch'un and from the cities of Amoy (Hsiamen) and Chinchiang, formerly known as Ch'uanchou. Chinchiang hsien alone contains the ancestral homes of at least 50 percent of the emigrants.

[1976, Robert J. Bolton, “The Minnan Chinese - An Overview A Vignette”, in Treasure Island: Church Growth Among Taiwan's Urban Minnan Chinese [寶島], South Pasadena, Cali.: William Carey Library, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 20:

Another report said some people in Chinchiang in Fukien province saw Lt. Col. Fan flying along the seashore in the wrong direction and decided something must be happening.

[1977 September 25, “Reds reported shocked by Fan's defection to Taiwan”, in Free China Weekly, volume XVIII, number 38, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, columns 1, 2:

Jinhua and others are spending big to get there. In Jinjiang, a city in Fujian Province once known as a shoe-manufacturing center, Jinhua’s new factory is almost finished. Rising five stories and stretching several football fields long, the structure boasts 100,000 square feet of new office space.

2018 June 22, Paul Mozur, “Inside a Heist of American Chip Designs, as China Bids for Tech Power”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-06-22, Technology:

The Taiwanese-controlled island of Kinmen located just off the Chinese coast has begun importing water from its neighbor via a pipeline despite heightened tensions between Beijing and Taipei.
Water from Jinjiang in China’s Fujian province began flowing through the 16-kilometer (10-mile)-long pipeline Sunday under a 30-year contract.

2018 August 6, “Taiwan’s Kinmen island begins importing water from China”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-07:

A county-level city in Quanzhou, Fujian, China


샤먼

zh-l

廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén)

Xiamen (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


永安

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/iŋ³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/iŋ³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Yong'an (a county-level city and former county of Sanming, Fujian, China)


永安

永安 (canonical)
Eian (romanization)
えいあん (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 永安 (Yǒng'ān).

obor

Yong'an (a county-level city in Sanming, Fujian, China)


永安

Alternative form of 永安 (“Yong'an (a county-level city in Sanming, Fujian, China)”)


Fu'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 福安 (Fú'ān).

Residents of a Fujian province city smashed an ambulance and overturned three police vans after a car crash over the weekend, as yet another relatively minor incidents resulted in public unrest on the mainland.
The riot in Fuan city appears to have started on Saturday night after a man driving without a licence fled police and struck three scooters and another car, injuring five people.[…]
Four of the injured crash victims were still in hospital, while the remaining victim had been treated and released according to a statement issued by the publicity department of Ningde , which oversees Fuan.

[2012 November 19, Mandy Zuo, “Anger over crash response in Fuan city sparks riot against police”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-11-28, China:

When I first arrived in Ningde, I went to Tanyang Village, which has been working in partnership with the Ethnic Affairs Commission of Fu’an County. People in the village have managed to lift themselves out of poverty by planting Kyoho grapes. In 1988, their per capita income reached 700 yuan. This is a great success story.

2016 [1989 June], Jinping Xi, “Strengthening the Great Unity of All Ethnic Groups- Reflections on Promoting the Common Prosperity of Ethnic Minorities”, in Up and Out of Poverty: Selected Speeches in Fujian, Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://archive.org/details/up-and-out-of-poverty/page/n153/:

Police officials in the city of Fu’an, where Guo is based, as well as the city of Ningde, which oversees Fu’an, said they “did not know” anything about the reported detention.

2018 March 27, Nicole Winfield, “Report: Key unofficial bishop in Vatican-China deal detained”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-18:

Photo taken on Dec. 31, 2020 shows cameras monitoring the plant diseases and pests at a 5G-assisted smart tea farm in Fu'an City, southeast China's Fujian Province.

2021 August 4, “Xi Focus: Rural vitalization in full swing”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2021-08-04:

A county-level city in Ningde, Fujian, China, formerly a county.


Tuyền Châu

[twiən˨˩ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[twiəŋ˦˩ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[t⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩ cəw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 泉州, composed of 泉 (“spring”) and 州 (“province”).

vi-etym-sino

Quanzhou (a prefecture-level city in southeastern Fujian, China)


Hạ Môn

[haː˨˩ʔ moŋ˧˧]

[haː˨˩˨ moŋ˧˧]


Tấn Giang

[tən˧˦ zaːŋ˧˧]

[təŋ˦˧˥ jaːŋ˧˧]

[təŋ˦˥ jaːŋ˧˧]

Jinjiang (a county-level city and former county of Quanzhou, Fujian, in southeastern China)


Phúc Châu

[fʊwk͡p̚˧˦ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˥ cəw˧˧]

Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, in southeastern China)


푸저우

Fuzhou (the provincial capital of Fujian, China)