Georgia

Georgie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Georgia (accusative definite nominative)
Georgii (indefinite)
Georgiei (definite)
Georgie (vocative)
Georgio (vocative)


Georgia

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Korea

cs-proper noun

Korea f (related adjective korejský, demonym Korejec, female demonym Korejka)

korejský (adjective)
Korejec (demonym)
Korejka (demonym feminine)
Korea (nominative singular)
Korey (nominative plural)
Koreje (nominative plural)
Korey (genitive singular)
Koreje (genitive singular)
Korejí (genitive plural)
Koreji (dative singular)
Koreám (dative plural)
Korejím (dative plural)
Koreu (accusative singular)
Korey (accusative plural)
Koreje (accusative plural)
Koreo (singular vocative)
Korey (plural vocative)
Koreje (plural vocative)
Koreji (locative singular)
Koreách (locative plural)
Korejích (locative plural)
Koreou (instrumental singular)
Korejí (instrumental singular)
Koreami (instrumental plural)
Korejemi (instrumental plural)

Korea (two countries in East Asia, North Korea and South Korea)


Korea

Korea (nominative singular)
Koree (nominative plural)
Korei (genitive singular)
Korei (genitive plural)
Korei (dative singular)
Koreom (dative plural)
Koreę (accusative singular)
Koree (accusative plural)
Koreą (instrumental singular)
Koreami (instrumental plural)
Korei (locative singular)
Koreach (locative plural)
Koreo (singular vocative)
Koree (plural vocative)

(informal) Korea (two countries in East Asia, North Korea and South Korea)


中国

From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”). Compare modern Cantonese 中國／中国 (zung¹ gwok³). Attested from at least the 12th century.

ltc-l

1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太(た)とアニマル惑星(プラネット) [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:

アメリカとか中国とかいろいろあるじゃない。

Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.

You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.

アメリカとか中国とかいろいろあるじゃない。

中華人民共和国 中華人民共和国#Japanese

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(especially in contemporary usage) short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China


中國

He zun
King Wu of Zhou
Names of China#Zhongguo
Western Zhou

Earliest attested on the Western Zhou bronze vessel He zun. See Names of China#Zhongguo.

When King Wu conquered the great city Shang, he then made reverent declarations to Heaven, saying: "Let me dwell in this, the central region, and from here govern the people."

He zun inscription, translated by Pankenier (2013)

Wéi Wǔwáng jì kè Dàyìshāng, zé tíng gào yú Tiān, yuē: yú qí zhái zī Zhōngguó, zì zhī yì mín.

隹珷王既克大邑商，𠟭廷吿于天，曰：余𠀠宅𢆶𠁩或，自之辥民。

隹珷王既克大邑商，𠟭廷告于天，曰：余𠀠宅𢆶𠁩或，自之辥民。

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ kuɛ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ kuei⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ kuə⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡sɵŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kuɛt̚¹/

/tyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ¹/

/tyøŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²/

/tiɔŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kɔk̚³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ kok̚²/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ koʔ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ kuɛ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ kuei⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ kuə⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡sɵŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kuɛt̚¹/

/tyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ¹/

/tyøŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²/

/tiɔŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kɔk̚³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ kok̚²/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ koʔ²¹/

中國和平崛起

中国和平崛起

中國社會科學院

中国社会科学院

English translations of Chinese classics

中國典籍英譯

中国典籍英译

to interfere in China's internal affairs

干涉中國內政

干涉中国内政

中國的首都是北京。

中国的首都是北京。

他現在在中國旅行。

他现在在中国旅行。

你喜歡中國文學嗎？

你喜欢中国文学吗？

We humbly think that Buddhism is merely a religion of barbarians, which entered China during the Later Han and is not found in our ancestry.

Fú yǐ Fó zhě, yídí zhī yī fǎ ěr, zì Hòuhàn shí liúrù Zhōngguó, shànggǔ wèicháng yǒu yě.

伏以佛者，夷狄之一法耳，自後漢時流入中國，上古未嘗有也。

伏以佛者，夷狄之一法耳，自后汉时流入中国，上古未尝有也。

Someone asks, "The Four Barbarians and Ten Nations are not Chinese. Why do you describe the barbarian contributions but not ten nations'?" We reply, "Viewing from Chinese on barbarians, one shall barbarize them; Viewing from Five Dynasties on Ten Nations, one shall not."

11th century, Ouyang Xiu, Historical Records of the Five Dynasties

Wènzhě yuē: Sìyí, Shíguó, jiē fēi Zhōngguó zhī yǒu yě, Sìyí zhī fēngjué cháogòng zé shū, ér Shíguó zhī bù shū hé yě? Yuē: yǐ Zhōngguó ér shì yídí, yídí zhī kě yě. Yǐ Wǔdài zhī jūn ér shì Shíguó, yídí zhī zé wèikě yě.

問者曰：四夷、十國，皆非中國之有也，四夷之封爵朝貢則書，而十國之不書何也？曰：以中國而視夷狄，夷狄之可也。以五代之君而視十國，夷狄之則未可也。

问者曰：四夷、十国，皆非中国之有也，四夷之封爵朝贡则书，而十国之不书何也？曰：以中国而视夷狄，夷狄之可也。以五代之君而视十国，夷狄之则未可也。

c. 1300, 周達觀 (Zhou Daguan), 真臘風土記 (The Customs of Cambodia)

Tángrén dào bǐ, jiē bù yǔ zhī yánjí Zhōngguó fèn yōng zhī shì, kǒng wéi suǒ bǐ.

唐人到彼，皆不與之言及中國糞壅之事，恐為所鄙。

唐人到彼，皆不与之言及中国粪壅之事，恐为所鄙。

The national voice is different to that in China, with scripts mutually unintelligible. Thus, our humble people have some to say, but many could not express their feelings.

c. 1446, Sejong the Great, 訓民正音 (Hunminjeongeum)

國之語音，異乎中國，與文字不相流通，故愚民有所欲言，而終不得伸其情者多矣。

Zì wǒ cháo rùzhǔ zhōngtǔ, jūnlín tiānxià, bìng Ménggǔ jíbiān zhū bùluò, jù guī bǎntú, shì Zhōngguó zhī jiāngtǔ kāituò guǎngyuǎn, nǎi Zhōngguó chénmín zhī dàxìng, hédé shàngyǒu huáyí zhōngwài zhī fēn lùn zāi!

自我朝入主中土，君臨天下，并蒙古極邊諸部落，俱歸版圖，是中國之疆土開拓廣遠，乃中國臣民之大幸，何得尚有華夷中外之分論哉！

自我朝入主中土，君临天下，并蒙古极边诸部落，俱归版图，是中国之疆土开拓广远，乃中国臣民之大幸，何得尚有华夷中外之分论哉！

How much of it is forest? The population of China being very dense, the forests cannot be extensive.

1841, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, A Chinese Chrestomathy in the Canton Dialect, page 345

jau⁵ gei² do¹ syu⁶ muk⁶ ne¹? zung¹ gwok³ jan⁴ jin¹ cau⁴ zaap⁶, syu⁶ muk⁶ mou⁴ do¹.

有幾多樹木呢？中國人烟稠集，樹木無多。

有几多树木呢？中国人烟稠集，树木无多。

China (a country in Asia; capital: Beijing)


中國

desc

Korean: 중국 (jungguk), 즁국 (jungguk), 듕국 (dyungguk)

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”).

나랏〮말〯ᄊᆞ미〮中(듀ᇰ)國(국〮)에〮달아〮

1459, 訓民正音諺解 / 훈민정음언해 (Hunminjeongeum Eonhae):

The language of the country being different from China


Hindi

Alternative form of Uhindi: India (a country in South Asia)


俄

俄語

俄语

Short for 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī).: Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Palestine

→ Korean: 팔레스타인 (Palleseutain)

→ Malay: Palestin

Medinet Habu
Padiiset's Statue
Palestine

From Middle English Palestyne, from Old English Palestina, from Latin Palaestīna (“Roman province of Palestine”), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē, “Philistia and the surrounding region”), from Hebrew פְּלֶשֶׁת (p'léshet, “Philistia, land of the Philistines”). The term P-l-s-t or P-r-s-t, found in five Ancient Egyptian inscriptions (beginning with one at Medinet Habu from circa 1170 BCE and ending with Padiiset's Statue inscription from circa 900-850 BCE) as the name of a people near Egypt, is traditionally taken to be cognate. Seven Assyrian inscriptions contain the word "Palas(h)tu" or "Pilistu", which is usually also taken to be cognate.

der

Jews and Israel are not synonymous; nor is support for Palestine synonymous with anti-Semitism; nor is questioning the orthodoxy of the Republican party, which the majority of us do with relish, an insult to Jewry.

2019 July 17, Talia Levin, “When Non-Jews Wield Anti-Semitism as Political Shield”, in GQ:

A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; the State of Palestine; the homeland of the Palestinian people.

(sometimes strictly) The West Bank and Gaza Strip.


Palestine

Palestine (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Израиль

head

Израиль • (İzrailʹ)

ba-proper noun

Израиль • (İzrailʹ)

Ultimately from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Израиль

head

Израиль • (İzrail)


Израиль

Израиль • (Izrailʹ)

mn-proper noun

Израиль • (Izrailʹ)

Izrailʹ (romanization)
Изра́иль (attributive)
Изра́иль (indefinite nominative singular)
Изра́илийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Изра́илийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Изра́илиас (ablative indefinite singular)
Изра́илиар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Изра́ильтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Изра́иль руу (directive indefinite singular)
Изра́илиа (indefinite nominative singular)
Изра́илийнхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Изра́илийгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильдаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Изра́илиасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Изра́илиараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Изра́ильтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Изра́иль руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

mn-decl

Изра́иль<r.bor>

Alternative form: Израйль (Izrajlʹ)


Израиль

ru-proper noun+

изра́ильский

Изра́иль • (Izráilʹ) m inan or m anim (genitive Изра́иля, relational adjective изра́ильский)

Изра́иль (canonical)
Izráilʹ (romanization)
Изра́иля (genitive)
изра́ильский (adjective relational)
Изра́иль (nominative singular)
Изра́иля (genitive singular)
Изра́илю (dative singular)
Изра́иля (accusative animate singular)
Изра́иль (accusative inanimate singular)
Изра́илем (instrumental singular)
Изра́иле (prepositional singular)
Изра́иль (dated nominative singular)
Изра́иля (dated genitive singular)
Изра́илю (dated dative singular)
Изра́иля (accusative animate dated singular)
Изра́иль (accusative dated inanimate singular)
Изра́илемъ (dated instrumental singular)
Изра́илѣ (dated prepositional singular)

Ru-Израиль.ogg

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl, “Israel”), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).

bor+

(inanimate) Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


日本

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (日本):
* → Japanese: 日本(にほん) (Nihon); 日本(にっぽん) (Nippon); 日本(じっぽん) (Jippon)
* → Korean: 일본(日本) (Ilbon)
* → Vietnamese: Nhật Bản (日本)

→ Lao: ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ (nyī pun)

→ Malay: Jepang, Jepun (see there for further descendants)

→ Manchu: ᡰᡳ
ᠪᡝᠨ (ži ben)

→ Thai: ญี่ปุ่น (yîi-bpùn)

→ Tibetan: ཇི་བེན (ji ben)

→ Wutunhua: reben

→ Zhuang: Yizbwnj

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² pᵘɔn⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁴⁵ pəŋ⁵³/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ puoŋ³³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ pun⁴²/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pun⁵³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²/

/zəʔ¹¹ pən²³/

/zəʔ²² pən⁵¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² pᵘɔn⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁴⁵ pəŋ⁵³/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ puoŋ³³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ pun⁴²/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pun⁵³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²/

/zəʔ¹¹ pən²³/

/zəʔ²² pən⁵¹/

This appellation comes from imperial correspondence between the Chinese Sui Dynasty and Japan, and refers to the eastward position of Japan relative to China.

the sun's origin; where the sun originates

日本電視劇／日本电视剧 ― Rìběn diànshìjù ― Japanese TV drama

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


日本

→ Translingual: nihonium

→ Japanese: ニホニウム

Daijirin
Emperor Yang of Sui
Heian period
Japanese missions to Sui China
Names of Japan
Prince Shōtoku
ja:日本

/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/ → /niɸoɴ/ → /nihoɴ/
Coined in Japan of Sinic elements, as compound of 日 (nichi, “sun”) + 本 (hon, “origin”) and literally meaning "origin of the sun". The hon element was apparently pronounced /poɴ/ when first coined. Over time, the initial /p/ lenited, becoming /ɸ/ as shown in the Nifon entry in the 1603 Nippo Jisho ("Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary"). This then became the /h/ sound in modern Japanese.
In older texts, this was read as kun'yomi as 日の本 (Hinomoto). The on'yomi readings Nippon and Nihon became more common in the Heian period, with both persisting into modern use. The Nihon reading appears to be the most common in everyday Japanese usage.
This may be related to the famous letter from Prince Shōtoku to Emperor Yang of Sui sent via the Japanese mission to Sui China in 607, wherein we see the first mention of Japan as the Land of the Rising Sun, and a description of China as Land of the Setting Sun:
:
日出處／日出处 (literally “sun + emerge + place”) here refers to Japan, while 日沒處／日没处 (literally “sun + sink + place”) refers to China.

lang

ニホンVSニッポン 「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?

ニホンVSニッポン 「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?

...the son of heaven of the land of the rising sun sends a letter to the son of heaven of the place where the sun sets, for good health and so on.

rì chū chù tiānzǐ zhìshū rì méi chù tiānzǐ wúyàng yúnyún

日出處天子致書日沒處天子無恙云云

日出处天子致书日没处天子无恙云云

Nifon ニホン (日本) 日本.

1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 463:

Short for 日本国 (Nihon-koku): Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


Emiratele Arabe Unite

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Emiratele Arabe Unite.wav

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

the United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Ηνωμένα Αραβικά Εμιράτα

head

Ηνωμένα Αραβικά Εμιράτα

Ηνωμένα Αραβικά Εμιράτα • (Inoména Araviká Emiráta) n pl

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

en-Ηνωμένα_Αραβικά_Εμιράτα-el-name-l04pHpEn

Άμπου Ντάμπι

Ηνωμένα Αραβικά Εμιράτα n pl (Inoména Araviká Emiráta)


韓国

[kã̠ŋko̞kɯ̟]

Shortened from 大韓民国(だいかんみんこく) (Daikan Minkoku, “Republic of Korea”), from Korean 대한민국 (Daehanmin'guk). The archaic sense may be from 大韓帝國(だいかんていこく) (Daikan Teikoku, “Korean Empire”).


韓国

, 高麗 (Kōrē)


Vereinigte Arabische Emirate

de-proper noun

Vereinigte Arabische Emirate pl (proper noun, plural only, definite plural die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate)

die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (definite plural)
Vereinigte Arabische Emirate (nominative strong)
Vereinigter Arabischer Emirate (genitive strong)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten (dative strong)
Vereinigte Arabische Emirate (accusative strong)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (nominative weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (genitive weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten (dative weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (accusative weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (mixed nominative)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (genitive mixed)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten (dative mixed)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (accusative mixed)

/fɛɐ̯ˈaɪnɪçtə ˈʔaːʁaːbɪʃə ˈʔeːmɪʁaːtə/


Omani

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Israeli

(uncommon) Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Formosa

la-proper noun

Formosa f sg (genitive Formosae); first declension

Formosae (genitive)
Fōrmōsa (nominative singular)
Fōrmōsae (genitive singular)
Fōrmōsae (dative singular)
Fōrmōsam (accusative singular)
Fōrmōsā (ablative singular)
Fōrmōsa (singular vocative)
Fōrmōsae (locative singular)

From Portuguese Ilha Formosa (“Beautiful Island”). Equivalent to a clipping of Isla Formosa.

bor

(New Latin) Synonym of Taivania, Taiwan (a country in East Asia)


ベトナム

Borrowed from English Vietnam, from Vietnamese Việt Nam.


ベトナム

From English Vietnam, from Vietnamese Việt Nam.


Jepang

From Indonesian Jepang (“Japan”), from Malay Jepang (“Japan”), from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún, “Japan”).


Coreia do Sul

[koˈɾɛɪ̯.ɐ du ˈsuʊ̯]

[koˈɾɛɪ̯.ɐ du ˈsuʊ̯]


Egipt

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Egipt

desctree

English: Egypt, Ægypt (archaic), Ægipt, Aegipt, Egipt, Egipte (obsolete)
→ Burmese: အီဂျစ် (igyac)
→ Chinese: 埃及 (Āijí)
→ Korean: 애굽 (Aegup)
→ Vietnamese: Ai Cập
→ Cornish: Ejyp
→ Gujarati: ઇજિપ્ત (ijipt)
→ Hindi: इजिप्ट (ijipṭ), इजिप्त (ijipt)
→ Iban: Ejip
→ Japanese: エジプト (Ejiputo)
→ Kannada: ಈಜಿಪ್ಟ್ (ījipṭ)
→ Korean: 이집트 (Ijipteu)
→ Malayalam: ഈജിപ്റ്റ് (ījipṟṟ)
→ Maori: Īhipa
→ Marathi: इजिप्त (ijipta)
→ Navajo: Ííjip
→ Nepali: इजिप्ट (ijipṭa)
→ Odia: ଇଜିପ୍ଟ (ijipṭa)
→ Paiwan: Idjiputu
→ Thai: อียิปต์ (ii-yìp)


Egipt

pl-proper noun

Egipt m inan (related adjective egipski)

egipski (adjective)
Egipt (nominative singular)
Egipty (nominative plural)
Egiptu (genitive singular)
Egiptów (genitive plural)
Egiptowi (dative singular)
Egiptom (dative plural)
Egipt (accusative singular)
Egipty (accusative plural)
Egiptem (instrumental singular)
Egiptami (instrumental plural)
Egipcie (locative singular)
Egiptach (locative plural)
Egipcie (singular vocative)
Egipty (plural vocative)


Egipt

Egipt (accusative indefinite nominative)
Egiptul (accusative definite nominative)
Egipt (indefinite)
Egiptului (definite)
Egiptule (vocative)


Egipt

Egȋpt (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Egípt (nominative singular)
Egípta (genitive singular)
Egíptu (dative singular)
Egípt (accusative singular)
Egíptu (locative singular)
Egíptom (instrumental singular)


កម្ពុជា

km-proper noun

កម្ពុជា • (kampuciə)

→ English: Kampuchea

→ French: Kampuchéa

→ Japanese: カンプチア (Kanpuchia)

→ Korean: 캄푸치아 (Kampuchia)

→ Russian: Кампучи́я (Kampučíja)

→ Vietnamese: Cam-pu-chia

From Pali kamboja or Sanskrit काम्बोज (kāmboja). Cognate with Burmese ကမ္ဗောဇ (kambau:ja.).

ប្រទេសកម្ពុជា

Cambodia (a country in Southeast Asia); Kampuchea


Kampuchea

/kæmpəˈt͡ʃiːə/

Transliteration of Khmer កម្ពុជា (kampuciə). Doublet of Cambodia and gamboge.

translit

Former name of Cambodia, used from 1975 to 1989.

Կամպուչիա

former name for Cambodia — see also Cambodia


ไทย

Plaek Phibunsongkhram
Tai peoples
Thai people

Believed to be from Pali deyya, which in turn is a conversion of Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”). Declared by the government of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram to be the name of the modern country and its people, replacing the name สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”), through the constitution dated 3 October 1939 (effective as from 6 October 1939). See ไท (tai) for etymology and cognates.

cog

ประเทศ ประเทศ#Thai

เมือง เมือง#Thai

(ประเทศ~, เมือง~) Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)


Persia

/ˈpɜː(ɹ).ʒə/

From Latin Persia, from Ancient Greek Περσίς (Persís), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (p-a-r-s /pārsa/).

(historical, archaic) The former term referring to Iran in the West.

Persia proper (Persis), the land of the ancient Persians, corresponding to modern-day Fars province in southwestern Iran.

(historical, archaic) Territories corresponding to either of the two Persian Empires ruled by dynasties from Persis, especially the first of the two.


Persia

Persia (nominative singular)
Persia (accusative nominative singular)
Persian (accusative genitive singular)
Persian (genitive singular)
Persiaa (partitive singular)
Persiassa (inessive singular)
Persiasta (elative singular)
Persiaan (illative singular)
Persialla (adessive singular)
Persialta (ablative singular)
Persialle (allative singular)
Persiana (essive singular)
Persiaksi (singular translative)
Persiatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Persiani (nominative singular)
Persiani (accusative nominative singular)
Persiani (accusative genitive singular)
Persiani (genitive singular)
Persiaani (partitive singular)
Persiassani (inessive singular)
Persiastani (elative singular)
Persiaani (illative singular)
Persiallani (adessive singular)
Persialtani (ablative singular)
Persialleni (allative singular)
Persianani (essive singular)
Persiakseni (singular translative)
Persiattani (abessive singular)
Persiasi (nominative singular)
Persiasi (accusative nominative singular)
Persiasi (accusative genitive singular)
Persiasi (genitive singular)
Persiaasi (partitive singular)
Persiassasi (inessive singular)
Persiastasi (elative singular)
Persiaasi (illative singular)
Persiallasi (adessive singular)
Persialtasi (ablative singular)
Persiallesi (allative singular)
Persianasi (essive singular)
Persiaksesi (singular translative)
Persiattasi (abessive singular)
Persiamme (nominative singular)
Persiamme (accusative nominative singular)
Persiamme (accusative genitive singular)
Persiamme (genitive singular)
Persiaamme (partitive singular)
Persiassamme (inessive singular)
Persiastamme (elative singular)
Persiaamme (illative singular)
Persiallamme (adessive singular)
Persialtamme (ablative singular)
Persiallemme (allative singular)
Persianamme (essive singular)
Persiaksemme (singular translative)
Persiattamme (abessive singular)
Persianne (nominative singular)
Persianne (accusative nominative singular)
Persianne (accusative genitive singular)
Persianne (genitive singular)
Persiaanne (partitive singular)
Persiassanne (inessive singular)
Persiastanne (elative singular)
Persiaanne (illative singular)
Persiallanne (adessive singular)
Persialtanne (ablative singular)
Persiallenne (allative singular)
Persiananne (essive singular)
Persiaksenne (singular translative)
Persiattanne (abessive singular)
Persiansa (nominative singular)
Persiansa (accusative nominative singular)
Persiansa (accusative genitive singular)
Persiansa (genitive singular)
Persiaansa (partitive singular)
Persiassaan (inessive singular)
Persiassansa (inessive singular)
Persiastaan (elative singular)
Persiastansa (elative singular)
Persiaansa (illative singular)
Persiallaan (adessive singular)
Persiallansa (adessive singular)
Persialtaan (ablative singular)
Persialtansa (ablative singular)
Persialleen (allative singular)
Persiallensa (allative singular)
Persianaan (essive singular)
Persianansa (essive singular)
Persiakseen (singular translative)
Persiaksensa (singular translative)
Persiattaan (abessive singular)
Persiattansa (abessive singular)


فلسطين

ar-proper noun

فِلَسْطِين • (filasṭīn) f

فِلَسْطِين (canonical)
filasṭīn (romanization)
فِلَسْطِين (definite diptote informal singular)
فِلَسْطِينُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
فِلَسْطِينَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
فِلَسْطِينَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

From Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē), see Palestine for more. See also this extended treatment on Wikipedia.
Compare Classical Syriac ܦܠܣܛܝܢ (palasṭīn).

Palestine (A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; the State of Palestine; the homeland of the Palestinian people)

السُّلْطَة الْوَطَنِيَّة الْفِلَسْطِينِيَّة

مُنَظَّمَة التَّحْرِير الْفِلَسْطِينِيَّة


فلسطين

acw-proper noun

فَلَسْطِين or فِلِسْطِين • (falasṭīn or filisṭīn) f

فَلَسْطِين (canonical)
فِلِسْطِين (canonical)
falasṭīn (romanization)
filisṭīn (romanization)


فلسطين

ary-proper noun

فلسطين • (filisṭīn) f


فلسطين

ajp-proper noun

فلسطين • (falasṭīn) f

→ Hebrew: פלסטין (falastín)

From Arabic فِلَسْطِين (filasṭīn), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē).


nuca

Borrowed from a language of the Sakhalin Island. Compare Orok луча (luča), Nivkh нуча (nuț’a). See also Daur luaaq, Manchu ᠯᠣᠴᠠ (loca), Yakut нуучча (nuucca), Nanai лоча (loca), Evenki лӯча (lūça), Even ню̄чи (ņūci), etc.

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Rusia

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).


Rusia

Alternative form of Lūkia: Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Rusia

Earlier spelled as روشيا (Rusyia), borrowed from English Russia, from Medieval Latin Russi (“the people of Russia”), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Rus”) (whence Arabic رُوس (rūs) and Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs)), which originally referred to a group of Varangians who established themselves near Kiev in the 9th century and ruled Kievan Rus; probably from Proto-Finnic *roocci, from Old East Norse *roþs- (“related to rowing”); related to Old Norse Roþrslandi (“the land of rowing”), an older name of Roslagen, where the Finns first encountered the Swedes. Ultimately from Old Norse róðr (“steering oar”), from Proto-Germanic *rōþrą (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”).


Rusia

Rusie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Rusia (accusative definite nominative)
Rusii (indefinite)
Rusiei (definite)
Rusie (vocative)
Rusio (vocative)

→ Vlax Romani: Řusỳja (< Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia)

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”). Equivalent to rus + -ia.
From Old Romanian Rusia, where -i- is stressed, from Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia, from South Slavic dialect Rusȉja (> Serbo-Croatian Rùsija).


Rusia

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).


일본

Sino-Korean word from 日本, cognate with mainland Korean 일본 (ilbon).


일본

일본 사람


اليابان

ar-proper noun

الْيَابَان • (al-yābān) f

الْيَابَان (canonical)
al-yābān (romanization)
الْيَابَان (definite informal singular triptote)
الْيَابَانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْيَابَانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْيَابَانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)

From Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún). It's one of the Arabic country names which require the definite article اَل (al-).

سِيَاحَةُ ٱلْيَابَانِ تَتَضَمَّنُ مَزِيجًا مُثِيرًا مِنَ ٱلثَّقَافَةِ ٱلْقَدِيمَةِ وَٱلْحَدِيثَةِ.

Tourism in Japan includes an exciting blend of ancient and modern culture.

siyāḥatu l-yābāni tataḍammanu mazījan muṯīran mina ṯ-ṯaqāfati l-qadīmati wal-ḥadīṯati.


إيران

إِيرَان • (ʔīrān) f

إِيرَان (canonical)
ʔīrān (romanization)
إِيرَان (definite diptote informal singular)
إِيرَانُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
إِيرَانَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
إِيرَانَ (definite diptote genitive singular)


עיראק

he-proper noun

עיראק • ('irák)

הרפובליקה העיראקית (harepublika ha'irakit)

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


סין

From Late Latin Sīnae (“the southern Chinese”), from Ptolemy's Ancient Greek Σῖναι (Sînai, “the southern Chinese”), of uncertain etymology but probably from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna, “southern China”), possibly via Arabic صِين (ṣīn, “southern China; the southern Chinese”) and usually held to derive from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “Qin”).


الصين

ar-proper noun

الصِّين • (aṣ-ṣīn) f

الصِّين (canonical)
aṣ-ṣīn (romanization)
الصِّين (definite informal singular triptote)
الصِّينُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الصِّينَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الصِّينِ (definite genitive singular triptote)

From Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (čīn, “China”), from Sanskrit चीन (cīna, “China”), itself usually derived from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “Qin”). It's one of the Arabic country names which require the definite article ال (al-). See “Names of China” at Wikipedia.

China (a region and country in East Asia)


الصين

ajp-proper noun

الصين • (iṣ-ṣīn) f


سوريا

سوريا • (sūrya) f


السعودية

ar-proper noun

السُّعُودِيَّة

السَّعُودِيَّة

السُّعُودِيَّة or السَّعُودِيَّة • (as-suʕūdiyya or as-saʕūdiyya) f

السُّعُودِيَّة (canonical)
السَّعُودِيَّة (canonical)
as-suʕūdiyya (romanization)
as-saʕūdiyya (romanization)
السُّعُودِيَّة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
السَّّعُودِيَّة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
السُّعُودِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
السَّّعُودِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
السُّعُودِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
السَّّعُودِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
السُّعُودِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
السَّّعُودِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)

ar-decl-noun

سَّعُودِيَّة

المملكة العربية السعودية#Arabic

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East), ellipsis of اَلْمَمْلَكَةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ السُّعُودِيَّةُ (al-mamlakatu l-ʕarabiyyatu s-suʕūdiyyatu)


السعودية

Ellipsis of المملكة العربية السعودية.

ellipsis

المملكة العربية السعودية

Ellipsis of المملكة العربية السعودية

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


السعودية

From Arabic السُّعُودِيَّة (as-suʕūdiyya).

inh

السُّعُودِيَّة


إسرائيل

ar-proper noun

إِسْرَائِيل • (ʔisrāʔīl) f

إِسْرَائِيل (canonical)
ʔisrāʔīl (romanization)
إِسْرَائِيل (definite diptote informal singular)
إِسْرَائِيلُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
إِسْرَائِيلَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
إِسْرَائِيلَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

ar-decl-noun

إِسْرَائِيلُ

Borrowed from Israeli Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él).


إسرائيل

ajp-proper noun

إسرائيل • (ʔisrāʔīl) f

From Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).


الأردن

ar-proper noun

الْأُرْدُن or الْأُرْدُنّ • (al-ʔurdun or al-ʔurdunn) m

الْأُرْدُن (canonical)
الْأُرْدُنّ (canonical)
al-ʔurdun (romanization)
al-ʔurdunn (romanization)
الْأُرْدُن (definite informal singular triptote)
الْأُرْدُنّ (definite informal singular triptote)
الْأُرْدُنُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْأُرْدُنُّ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْأُرْدُنَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْأُرْدُنَّ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْأُرْدُنِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
الْأُرْدُنِّ (definite genitive singular triptote)

From جُنْد الْأُرْدُنّ (jund al-ʔurdunn), “the military district of Jordan”, probably straight out borrowed from the Aramaic isolect spoken there at the time, attested by the written Jewish Babylonian Aramaic and Jewish Literary Aramaic as יֹורְדְּנא (yordənā) and יַרְדְּנא (yardənā). Both forms give the present Arabic one regularly: The emphatic state ending was rendered by the Arabic article, and the distinction of the onset consonants /j/, /ʔ/ and /ʕ/ either had already little functional load, in the same fashion as the etyma of هُود (hūd), يَافُوخ (yāfūḵ), يَلَب (yalab), الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq) etc., or the onset يُـ (yu-) or the pattern of *يَرْدُن (*yardun) or *أَرْدُن (*ʔardun) in Arabic was hardly admissible and had to be regularized, that is classicized. See Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén) for the ultimate derivation of the toponym.

الْأُرْدُنُ مُحَاطَةٌ مِنَ الشَّمَالِ بِسُورِيَا، مِنَ الْغَرْبِ بِفِلَسْطِينَ، وَمِنَ الشَّرْقِ بِالْعِرَاقِ، وَمِنَ الشَّرْقِ وَالْجَنُوبِ بِالْمَمْلَكَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ السُّعُودِيَّةِ.

Jordan is surrounded from the north by Syria, from the west by Palestine, from the east by Iraq, and from the east and south by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

al-ʔurdunu muḥāṭatun mina š-šamāli bisūriyā, mina l-ḡarbi bifilasṭīna, wamina š-šarqi bi-l-ʕirāqi, wamina š-šarqi wāljanūbi bi-l-mamlakati l-ʕarabiyyati s-suʕūdiyyati.

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


الكويت

الْكُوَيْت (canonical)
al-kuwayt (romanization)
الْكُوَيْت (definite informal singular triptote)
الْكُوَيْتُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْكُوَيْتَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْكُوَيْتِ (definite genitive singular triptote)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܟܘܵܝܬ (kwāyt)

English: Kuwait, Kuwait City

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Kuwait

Ottoman Turkish: کویت (Kuveyt)

Turkish: Kuveyt

Popularly said to be derived from الْكُوت (al-kūt), found in several placenames around the Gulf. Ultimately of obscure meaning and origin. Compare Hindi कोट (koṭ, “fort”). It is one of the Arabic country names which require the definite article ال (al-).

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East).


الكويت

الكُويت (canonical)
al-kuwēt (romanization)

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


مصر

مِصْر • (miṣr) f

مِصْر (canonical)
miṣr (romanization)
مِصْر (definite diptote informal singular)
مِصْرُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
مِصْرَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
مِصْرَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

desctree

Egyptian Arabic: مصر (maṣr)
→ Nobiin: Másser

Gulf Arabic: مصر (maṣir)

Hijazi Arabic: مَصُر (maṣur)

Maltese: Masar

Moroccan Arabic: مصر (miṣr)

North Levantine Arabic: مَصْر (maṣ(ə)r)

→ Abkhaz: Мысра (Məsra), Мсыр (Msər)

→ Adyghe: Мысыр (Məsər)

→ Akan: Misrim

→ Amharic: ምሥር (məśr)

→ Azerbaijani: Misir

→ Bashkir: Мысыр (Mısır)

→ Beja: مَسِر (Másir)

→ Chagatai: مصر

Uyghur: مىسىر (misir)

Uzbek: Misr

→ Chechen: Мисар (Misar)

→ Crimean Tatar: Mısır

→ Dhivehi: މިޞްރު (mişru)

→ Hausa: Masar, Misira

→ Kabyle: Maṣer

→ Kalenjin: Misri

→ Kamba: Misri

→ Kikuyu: Misri

→ Krymchak: Мысыр

→ Kumyk: Мисри (Misri)

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: میسر (mîsr)

Northern Kurdish: Misir

→ Kyrgyz: Мысыр (Mısır)

→ Lezgi: Мисри (Misri)

→ Luhya: Misri

→ Luo: Misri

→ Classical Malay: مصر (Mesir)

Malay: Mesir

Indonesian: Mesir

→ Maranao: Misir

→ Meru: Misri

→ Mongolian:

Cyrillic script: Мисир (Misir)

Mongolian script: ᠮᠢᠰᠢᠷ (misir)

→ Ossetian: Мысыр (Mysyr)

→ Ottoman Turkish: مصر (Mısır) (see there for further descendants)

→ Pashto: مصر (mesr)

→ Classical Persian: مِصْر (misr) (see there for further descendants)

→ Swahili: Umisri, Misri

From a common Semitic source; compare Hebrew מִצְרַיִם (miṣráyim), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎕𐎗𐎎 (mṣrm), and Akkadian 𒈪𒄑𒊑𒄿 (miṣru) or 𒈬𒀫 (muṣru). The ending in Hebrew and Ugaritic is the standard dual form, perhaps related to the ancient conceptualization of Egypt as two realms: Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Conflated with the root م ص ر (m-ṣ-r) in some senses (see below).
The sense of Cairo stems from the earlier settlement مِصْرُ الفُسْطَاط (miṣru l-fusṭāṭ, “the Civil Center of Assembly”, literally “of the large camel-hair tents, assembly halls”) that was incorporated into Cairo.


مصر

head

مصر • (maṣr)

→ Nobiin: Másser


مصر

acw-proper noun

مَصُر • (maṣur) f


مصر

ary-proper noun

مِصْر • (miṣr) f


مصر

head

مصر • (Mısır)

ota-proper noun

مصر • (Mısır)

Turkish: Mısır

→ Albanian: Misir

desctree

→ Middle Armenian: Մսըր (Msər), Մսր (Msr)
Armenian: Մսըր (Msər)

→ Romanian: Misir

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: Mìsīr

Cyrillic script: Мѝсӣр


مصر

pa-proper noun

مِصَر • (miṣar) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਿਸਰ)

مِصَر (canonical)
miṣar (romanization)
ਮਿਸਰ (Gurmukhi)


مصر

مِصْر (canonical)
misr (romanization)
मिस्र (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian مِصْر (misr), from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

bor+

قِبْرِص فِلِسْطِین اِسْرائِیل لِبْنان یَمَن عُمان مُتَّحِدَہ عَرَب اِمارات قَطَر بَحْرِین کُوَیت

مصر جانے کو جی مچلتا ہے

2004, مرزا طاہر احمد [Mirza Tahir Ahmad], رَبِّ اِنِّی لِمَا اَنزَلتَ اِلَیَّ مِن خَیر فَقِیر (poetry), quoted in کلامِ طاہر [Kalam-e-Tahir], pages 99-100:


People's Democratic Republic of Yemen

en-proper noun

the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen

jumhūriyyat al-yaman ad-dimuqrāṭiyya š-šaʕbiyya

جُمْهُورِيَّة اَلْيَمَن اَلدِّيمُقْرَاطِيَّة اَلشَّعْبِيَّة

République démocratique populaire du Yémen

Naródnaja Demokratíčeskaja Respúblika Jjémen

Наро́дная Демократи́ческая Респу́блика Йе́мен


Yemen Arab Republic

A former country in the northern part of what is now Yemen.


North Yemen

(historical) A country in the Middle East until 1990.


South Yemen

People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
People's Democratic Republic of Yemen

(historical) A former country in the Middle East from 1967 until 1990; full name People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.


تركيا

ar-proper noun

تُرْكِيَا or تُرْكِيَّا • (turkiyā or turkiyyā) f

تُرْكِيَا (canonical)
تُرْكِيَّا (canonical)
turkiyā (romanization)
turkiyyā (romanization)
تُرْكِيَا (definite informal invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (definite informal invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (definite invariable nominative singular)
تُرْكِيَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (accusative definite invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَا (definite genitive invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (definite genitive invariable singular)

Ultimately from Byzantine Greek Τουρκίᾱ (Tourkíā, “Turkey”), itself being Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos) (borrowed into Latin as Turcus (“A Turk, Turkish”), see there for further etymology) with suffix -ίᾱ (-íā).


تركيا

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic تُرْكِيَّا (turkiyyā).


Egipto

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Egipto

En la tridek-tria jaro de l' feliĉa regado de Ramzes XII, Egipto festis du solenojn, kiuj plenigis ĝiajn ortodoksajn loĝantojn per fiero kaj feliĉo.

1907, Kabe, chapter 1, in La Faraono, part 1, Hachette, translation of Faraon by Bolesław Prus:

In the thirty-third year of the happy reign of Ramses XII, Egypt celebrated two events that filled her loyal inhabitants with pride and joy.


Egipto

→ Basque: ijito (“Roma”)

→ Kapampangan: Eyiptu

→ Quechua: Ihiptu

→ Tagalog: Ehipto

From Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos).


Россия

head

Россия • (Rossiä)

Borrowed from Russian Росси́я f (Rossíja).

bor+

Ресей Ресей#Kazakh

alternative form of Ресей (Resei, “Russia”): Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Россия

head

Россия • (Rosśija)

Rosśija (romanization)
Россия (nominative singular)
Россия (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россияӧс (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россияӧн (instrumental singular)
Россиякӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧг (caritive singular)
Россияла (consecutive singular)
Россиялӧн (genitive singular)
Россиялысь (ablative singular)
Россиялы (dative singular)
Россияын (inessive singular)
Россияысь (elative singular)
Россияӧ (illative singular)
Россиясянь (egressive singular)
Россиялань (approximative singular)
Россияӧдз (singular terminative)
Россияӧд (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россияті (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияӧй (nominative singular)
Россияӧй (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россияӧс (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянам (instrumental singular)
Россияӧйкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгым (caritive singular)
Россияӧйла (consecutive singular)
Россияӧйлӧн (genitive singular)
Россияӧйлысь (ablative singular)
Россияӧйлы (dative singular)
Россияам (inessive singular)
Россиясьым (elative singular)
Россияам (illative singular)
Россиясяньым (egressive singular)
Россияланьым (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзым (singular terminative)
Россияӧдым (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіым (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияыд (nominative singular)
Россияыд (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиятӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянад (instrumental singular)
Россияыдкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгыд (caritive singular)
Россияыдла (consecutive singular)
Россияыдлӧн (genitive singular)
Россияыдлысь (ablative singular)
Россияыдлы (dative singular)
Россияад (inessive singular)
Россиясьыд (elative singular)
Россияад (illative singular)
Россиясяньыд (egressive singular)
Россияланьыд (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзыд (singular terminative)
Россияӧдыд (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіыд (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияыс (nominative singular)
Россияыс (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиясӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянас (instrumental singular)
Россияыскӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгыс (caritive singular)
Россияысла (consecutive singular)
Россияыслӧн (genitive singular)
Россияыслысь (ablative singular)
Россияыслы (dative singular)
Россияас (inessive singular)
Россиясьыс (elative singular)
Россияас (illative singular)
Россиясяньыс (egressive singular)
Россияланьыс (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзыс (singular terminative)
Россияӧдыс (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіыс (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияным (nominative singular)
Россияным (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиянымӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянаным (instrumental singular)
Россиянымкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгным (caritive singular)
Россиянымла (consecutive singular)
Россиянымлӧн (genitive singular)
Россиянымлысь (ablative singular)
Россиянымлы (dative singular)
Россияаным (inessive singular)
Россиясьыным (elative singular)
Россияаным (illative singular)
Россиясяньным (egressive singular)
Россияланьным (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзным (singular terminative)
Россияӧдным (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіным (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияныд (nominative singular)
Россияныд (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиянытӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянаныд (instrumental singular)
Россияныдкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгныд (caritive singular)
Россияныдла (consecutive singular)
Россияныдлӧн (genitive singular)
Россияныдлысь (ablative singular)
Россияныдлы (dative singular)
Россияаныд (inessive singular)
Россиясьыныд (elative singular)
Россияаныд (illative singular)
Россиясяньныд (egressive singular)
Россияланьныд (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзныд (singular terminative)
Россияӧдныд (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіныд (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияныс (nominative singular)
Россияныс (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиянысӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянаныс (instrumental singular)
Россиянымкӧс (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгныс (caritive singular)
Россиянысла (consecutive singular)
Россияныслӧн (genitive singular)
Россияныслысь (ablative singular)
Россияныслы (dative singular)
Россияаныс (inessive singular)
Россиясьыныс (elative singular)
Россияаныс (illative singular)
Россиясяньныс (egressive singular)
Россияланьныс (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзныс (singular terminative)
Россияӧдныс (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіныс (prolative prolative-ii singular)


Россия

Россия • (Rośśija)

Rośśija (romanization)
Россия (indefinite nominative singular)
Россиянь (genitive indefinite singular)
Россиянди (dative indefinite singular)
Россияда (ablative indefinite singular)
Россияса (indefinite inessive singular)
Россияста (elative indefinite singular)
Россияс (illative indefinite singular)
Россиява (indefinite prolative singular)
Россияшка (comparative indefinite singular)
Россиякс (indefinite singular translative)
Россияфтома (abessive indefinite singular)
Россиянкса (causative indefinite singular)
Россиясь (definite nominative singular)
Россиять (definite genitive singular)
Россияти (dative definite singular)
Россияттама (plural)
Россиязе (nominative possessed-single possessive)
Россиязень (genitive possessed-single possessive)
Россиязенди (dative possessed-single possessive)
Россиядон (ablative possessive)
Россиясон (inessive possessive)
Россиястон (elative possessive)
Россиязон (illative possessive)
Россияван (possessive prolative)
Россияшкан (comparative possessive)
Россияфтомон (abessive possessive)
Россияце (nominative possessed-single possessive)
Россияцень (genitive possessed-single possessive)
Россияценди (dative possessed-single possessive)
Россиядот (ablative possessive)
Россиясот (inessive possessive)
Россиястот (elative possessive)
Россиязот (illative possessive)
Россияват (possessive prolative)
Россияшкат (comparative possessive)
Россияфтомот (abessive possessive)
Россияц (nominative possessed-single possessive)
Россиянц (genitive possessed-single possessive)
Россиянцты (dative possessed-single possessive)
Россиядонза (ablative possessive)
Россиясонза (inessive possessive)
Россиястонза (elative possessive)
Россиязонза (illative possessive)
Россияванза (possessive prolative)
Россияшканза (comparative possessive)
Россияфтомонза (abessive possessive)
Россияньке (nominative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияньконь (genitive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияньконди (dative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиядонк (ablative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясонк (inessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиястонк (elative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиязонк (illative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияванк (possessed-many possessed-single possessive prolative)
Россияшканк (comparative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияфтомонк (abessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиянте (nominative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиянтень (genitive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиянтенди (dative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиядонт (ablative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясонт (inessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиястонт (elative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиязонт (illative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиявант (possessed-many possessed-single possessive prolative)
Россияшкант (comparative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияфтомонт (abessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясна (nominative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияснон (genitive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияснонды (dative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиядост (ablative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясост (inessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиястост (elative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиязост (illative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияваст (possessed-many possessed-single possessive prolative)
Россияшкаст (comparative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияфтомост (abessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)

Borrowed from Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
российский — российскяй, Россиянь
rośśijskij — rośśijskäj, Rośśijań
Russian (relating to, or characteristic of Russia) [in Russian] — Russian, Russian (lit. "of Russia")

(..) марнек территориясна (кода Финляндиясь, Эстониясь, Латвиясь) или синь оцю пялькссна (Польшась) тиевсть оцязоронь Россиять моданзон эзда.
(..) maŕńek ťeŕŕitoŕijasna (koda Fińľańďijaś, Estońijaś, Latvijaś) iľi śiń oću päľkssna (Poľšaś) ťijevśť oćazoroń Rośśijať modanzon ezda.
Россиять территориянц касоманц и окраинань колонизациянь картать историческай ваномац.

N. N. BARANSKIJ (1934) SSSR-ť GEOGRAFIJAC // VASENCe PÄLKSS [USSR Geography // Part One]

Historical view of the map of Russian territorial growth and border region colonization.

Rośśijať ťeŕŕitoŕijanc kasomanc i okrajinań kolońizaćijań kartať istoŕičeskaj vanomac.

Владимир Нестеров, Минь—Россияттама!
«Минь // ванфттама // Эсь Россияньконь // фкакс: // Сяс мес минь // Россияттама! // И аф кармай лиякс!»
«Miń // vanfttama // Eś Rośśijańkoń // fkaks: // Sas mes miń // Rośśijattama ! // I af karmaj ľijaks!»
We protect our Russia equally(?) because we are Russia! And it is not going to be otherwise!


Россия

ru-proper noun+

Росси́я • (Rossíja) f inan (genitive Росси́и, relational adjective росси́йский, diminutive Россию́шка)

Росси́я (canonical)
Rossíja (romanization)
Росси́и (genitive)
росси́йский (adjective relational)
Россию́шка (diminutive)
Росси́я (nominative singular)
Росси́и (genitive singular)
Росси́и (dative singular)
Росси́ю (accusative singular)
Росси́ей (instrumental singular)
Росси́ею (instrumental singular)
Росси́и (prepositional singular)

⇒ Buryat: Росси (Rossi)

→ Erzya: Россия (Rośśija)

→ Gujarati: રશિયા (raśiyā)

→ Hindi: रशिया (raśiyā)

→ Ingush: Россе (Rosse)

→ Japanese: ロシア (Roshia)

→ Karaim: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Karachay-Balkar: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Karakalpak: Rossiya

→ Kazakh: Россия (Rossiä)

→ Komi-Zyrian: Россия (Rosśija)

→ Khakas: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Marathi: रशिया (raśiyā)

→ Moksha: Россия (Rośśija)

→ Northern Altai: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Odia: ରଶିଆ (raśiā)

→ Polish: Rosja

→ Tatar: Россия (Rossiyä)

→ Tuvan: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Udmurt: Россия (Rosśija)

→ Uzbek: Rossiya

→ Yakut: Россия (Rossiya)

Inherited from Old East Slavic Роси́ꙗ (Rosíja). It is the first known spelling of the name in Cyrillic in the ascetical treatise The Ladder of Divine Ascent by John Climacus transcribed by Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev on April 24, 1387.

inh+

в Росси́и

в Росси́ю

из Росси́и

Росси́йская Федера́ция
Российская Федерация#Russian

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia; official name: Росси́йская Федера́ция (Rossíjskaja Federácija))

Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev
John Climacus
The Ladder of Divine Ascent
ru:Россия

Новоро́ссия

New Russia, former Tsarist-era province in eastern Ukraine; proposed nationalist confederation


Россия

head

Росси́я • (Rossíya)

Росси́я (canonical)
Rossíya (romanization)

Росси́я Федера́циясе
Росси́я Федера́циясе#Tatar

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia; official name: Росси́я Федера́циясе (Rossíya Federátsiyase))


インドネシア

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Kambodscha

de-proper noun

Kambodscha n (proper noun, genitive Kambodschas or (optionally with an article) Kambodscha)

Kambodschas (genitive)
Kambodscha (genitive with-article)

predominant; not restricted to southern accents; used by many who do have a phonemic /ʒ/


Cina

Ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin). Compare Italian Cina and Portuguese China.

Luntanu, luntanu à a fruntiera di l'antica URSS (avà Kazakistan) è a Cina, in u sudeste di a regione Semipalatinsk, vicinu à a cità de Ayaguz, traduttu cum'è "Oh toro", ci era un terrenu di teste nucleare cù una atmosfera radioattiva infettata ottenuta da a negligenza di i schientifichi in opera.

2019, Zosimov Premudroslovsky StaVl, Mutanti Sovetti: Fantasia divertente, →ISBN:

Far, far away on the border of the former USSR (now Kazakhstan) and China, in the southeast of the region Semipalatinsk, next to the city of Ayaguz, translated as "Oh toro", there was a terrain of nuclear testing with an infected radioactive atmosphere obtained due to the negligence of the scientists in operation.


Cina

From Persian چینی (“Chinese, porcelain”) under influence from Medieval Latin Sina (“China”), q.v., from چین (Čin, “China”) + ـی, from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (Čīn, “China”), ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), possibly from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “Qin”).

Repubblica Popolare Cinese
Repubblica Popolare Cinese

China. Official name: Repubblica Popolare Cinese


சிங்கப்பூர்

ta-proper noun

சிங்கப்பூர் • (ciṅkappūr)

ciṅkappūr (romanization)
சிங்கப்பூர் (nominative singular)
சிங்கப்பூரே (singular vocative)
சிங்கப்பூரை (accusative singular)
சிங்கப்பூருக்கு (dative singular)
சிங்கப்பூருக்காக (benefactive singular)
சிங்கப்பூருடைய (genitive genitive-i singular)
சிங்கப்பூரின் (genitive genitive-ii singular)
சிங்கப்பூரில் (locative locative-i singular)
சிங்கப்பூரிடம் (locative locative-ii singular)
சிங்கப்பூரோடு (singular sociative sociative-i)
சிங்கப்பூருடன் (singular sociative sociative-ii)
சிங்கப்பூரால் (instrumental singular)
சிங்கப்பூரிலிருந்து (ablative singular)

/t͡ɕɪŋɡɐpːuːɾ/

[sɪŋɡɐpːuːɾ]

Ta-சிங்கப்பூர்.ogg

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Aegyptus

la-proper noun

Aegyptus f sg (genitive Aegyptī); second declension

Aegyptī (genitive)
Aegyptus (nominative singular)
Aegyptī (genitive singular)
Aegyptō (dative singular)
Aegyptum (accusative singular)
Aegyptō (ablative singular)
Aegypte (singular vocative)

Aragonese: Echipto

Asturian: Exiptu

→ Basque: Egipto

Catalan: Egipte

Corsican: Egittu, Eghjittu

→ Czech: Egypt

→ Danish: Ægypten, Egypten

desc

→ Old East Slavic: Егѵпетъ (Egüpetŭ), Егѵпьтъ (Egüpĭtŭ)

Old Ruthenian: *Егѵпетъ (*Ehipet), *Єгѵпетъ (*Jehipet), *Еґѵпет (*Egipet), *Єґѵпетъ (*Jegipet)

Belarusian: Егі́пет (Jehípjet), Эгі́пет (Ehípjet)

Carpathian Rusyn: Еґі́пет (Egípet)

Ukrainian: Єги́пет (Jehýpet), Єґи́пет (Jegýpet)

desctree

Russian: Еги́пет (Jegípet), Егѵ́петъ (Jegípet) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kyrgyz: Эгипет (Egipet)
→ Manchu: ᡝᡤᡳᡦᡝᡨ (egipet), ᡝᡤᡳᡦᡨ (egipt)
→ Mongolian:
Cyrillic script: Египет (Jegipet)
Mongolian script: ᠶᠧᠭᠢᠫᠧᠲ (yēgipēt)

→ Old English: Egypte (see there for further descendants)

→ Esperanto: egipto

Ido: Egiptia

→ Estonian: Egiptus

→ Farefare: Egipto

→ Finnish: Egypti

Old French: Egypte (see there for further descendants)

→ West Frisian: Egypte

Friulian: Egjit

Old Galician-Portuguese: Egipto
Galician: Exipto
Portuguese: Egipto, Egito

→ Hungarian: Egyiptom

→ Interlingua: Egypto

→ Old Irish: Égept
Irish: Éigipt
Manx: Eajipt
Scottish Gaelic: Eiphit

Italian: Egitto

Ladino: Egipt

→ Latvian: Ēģipte

Ligurian: Egitto

→ Lithuanian: Egiptas

→ Middle Dutch: Egypten

Dutch: Egypte
Afrikaans: Egipte
Jersey Dutch: Jâpten

Limburgish: Egypte

Neapolitan: Naggitto

Occitan: Egipte

→ Middle High German:

Alemannic German: Ägypten

Bavarian: Egyptn, Ägyptn, Ägypten

German: Ägypten

Luxembourgish: Egypten

→ Plautdietsch: Äjipten

→ Low German: Egypte, Ägypten

→ Malagasy: Egypta

→ Old Norse: Egiptaland
Faroese: Egyptaland
Icelandic: Egyptaland

→ Norwegian: Egypt

Piedmontese: Egit

→ Polish: Egipt

→ Proto-Brythonic: *ėɣɨft

→ Middle Welsh: Eifft

→ Welsh: Aifft

Romansch: Egipta

→ Northern Sami: Egypta

→ Serbo-Croatian: Египат, Egipat

Sicilian: Eggittu

→ Slovak: Egypt

→ Slovene: Egipt

→⇒ Lower Sorbian: Egyptojska

Spanish: Egipto
→ Basque: ijito (“Roma”)
→ Kapampangan: Eyiptu
→ Quechua: Ihiptu
→ Tagalog: Ehipto

→ Swedish: Egypten

[äe̯ˈɡʏpt̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos) (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐁁𐀓𐀠𐀴𐀍 (ai-ku-pi-ti-jo, “Egyptian”)), from Egyptian ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ (literally “The temple of the ka of Ptah”), referring to Ptah's temple in the important city of Memphis. The Late Egyptian pronunciation is reflected by Akkadian 𒄭𒆪𒌒𒋫𒀪 (ḫi-ku-up-ta-aḫ /ḫikuptaḫ/).


Japón

→ Guaraní: Hapõ

→ Tagalog: Hapon, Sapon (obsolete)

From either Portuguese Japão or directly from Early Manila Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún) as recorded in the Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum (1626-1642), ultimately from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


ລາວ

Compare Thai ลาว (laao), Northern Thai ᩃᩣ᩠ᩅ, Lü ᦟᦱᧁ (laaw), Shan လၢဝ်း (láao), Khmer ឡាវ (laav), Proto-Austroasiatic *k.raw. More at Lao.

ເມືອງລາວ

ປະເທດລາວ


アラブ首長国連邦

ja-pos

アラブ しゅちょうこく れんぽう

アラブ首(しゅ)長(ちょう)国(こく)連(れん)邦(ぽう) • (Arabu Shuchōkoku Renpō)

アラブ首長国連邦 (canonical)
Arabu Shuchōkoku Renpō (romanization)

[a̠ɾa̠bɯ̟ ɕɨ̥t͡ɕo̞ːko̞kɯ̟ ɾẽ̞mpo̞ː]

アラブ (Arabu, “Arab”) + 首長国 (shuchōkoku, “emirate”) + 連邦 (renpō, “federation”)

af

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


ญี่ปุ่น

th-proper noun

ญี่ปุ่น • (yîi-bpùn)

Semi-learned borrowing from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún, “Japan; Japanese”). Compare Hakka 日本 (Ngi̍t-pún).
Compare Lao ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ (nyī pun), Northern Thai ᨬᩦ᩵ᨸᩩ᩵ᩁ.

slbor

(ภาษา~) Japanese language.

(คน~, ชาว~) Japanese person.

ประเทศ ประเทศ#Thai


Việt Nam

→ Arabic: فِيتْنَام (viyitnām)

→ Hijazi Arabic: ڤِيِتْنام (viyitnām)

→ Armenian: Վիետնամ (Vietnam)

→ English: Vietnam

→ French: Vietnam, Viêt Nam

→ Georgian: ვიეტნამი (vieṭnami)

→ German: Vietnam

→ Greek: Βιετνάμ (Vietnám)

desc

וייטנאם / וְיֶטְנָאם

→ Hebrew: וייטנאם / וְיֶטְנָאם (vyetnam)

→ Hindi: वियतनाम (viyatnām)

→ Japanese: ベトナム (Betonamu), 越南 (Etsunan)

→ Khmer: វៀតណាម (viət naam)

→ Korean: 베트남 (Beteunam), 월남 (Wollam), 윁남 (Wennam)

→ Lao: ຫວຽດນາມ (wīat nām)

→ Russian: Вьетна́м (Vʹjetnám)

→ Thai: เวียดนาม (wîiat-naam)

[viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧]

[viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

[jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

/viə̰t˨˨ naːm˧˥˧/

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Việt Nam.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 越南, composed of 越 (“Yue”) and 南 (“south”), altered from Nam Việt, originally a small kingdom in present-day northern Vietnam, ruled by Zhao Tuo during the 2nd century BC. Nam Việt was once considered for a new name by Emperor Gia Long, but altered at the behest of the Qing dynasty, to which the Nguyễn dynasty was a vassal state.

vi-etym-sino

lịch sử Việt Nam

Nguyễn dynasty
Qing dynasty
Zhao Tuo
vi:Việt Nam


Iaponia

la-proper noun

Iapō̆nia f sg (genitive Iapō̆niae); first declension

Iapō̆nia (canonical feminine singular)
Iapō̆niae (genitive)
Iapō̆nia (nominative singular)
Iapō̆niae (genitive singular)
Iapō̆niae (dative singular)
Iapō̆niam (accusative singular)
Iapō̆niā (ablative singular)
Iapō̆nia (singular vocative)

→ Albanian: Japoni, Japonia

→ Belarusian: Японія (Japónija)

→ Bulgarian: Япония (Japonija)

⇒ Czech: Japonsko

→ Greek: Ιαπωνία (Iaponía)

⇒ Kashubian: Japóńskô

→ Lithuanian: Japonija

→ Macedonian: Јапонија (Japonija)

→ Polish: Japonia

→ Romanian: Japonia

desctree

→ Russian: Япония (Japonija), Япо́нія (Japónija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: Յապոնիա (Yaponia)
→ Azerbaijani: Yaponiya
→ Bashkir: Япония (Yaponiya)
→ Gagauz: Yaponiya
→ Georgian: იაპონია (iaṗonia)
→ Kazakh: Жапония (Japoniä)
→ Kyrgyz: Жапония (Japoniya)
→ Mongolian: Япон (Japon)
→ Turkmen: Ýaponiýa
→ Uzbek: Yaponiya

⇒ Slovak: Japonsko

⇒ Slovene: Japonska

→ Ukrainian: Японія (Japonija)

From possibly French Japon + -ia or Cantonese 日本 (jat⁶ bun²) + -ia.


Indonesien

de-proper noun

Indonesien n (proper noun, genitive Indonesiens or (optionally with an article) Indonesien)

Indonesiens (genitive)
Indonesien (genitive with-article)


ลาว

Uncertain. Compare Old Khmer lahv, lāhv, lāhva, Northern Thai ᩃᩣ᩠ᩅ (lāaw), Lao ລາວ (lāo), Lü ᦟᦱᧁ (laaw). Possibly related to Northern Thai ᩉᩖᩮᩢ᩵ᩣ (làw), ᩃᩮᩢᩣ (lāw), Tai Dón ꪹꪩꪱ, Thai ละว้า (lá-wáa), ลัวะ (lúa).

2005, ฉัตรชัย ดุริยประณีต, ลาวม่านแก้ว:
ดอกเอ๋ยเจ้าดอกจำปาลาว ตัวพี่รักเจ้าเท่าท้องนภาเอย
dɔ̀ɔk ə̌əi jâo dɔ̀ɔk jam-bpaa laao · dtuua pîi rák jâo tâo tɔ́ɔng ná-paa əəi
Flower, oh, My Laotian Champak Flower, my love for you is as wide as the contents of the sky.

ประเทศ ประเทศ#Thai

(ประเทศ~) Laos (a country in Southeast Asia)


Հայաստան

Hayastan (romanization)
Հայաստան (nominative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանի (dative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հայաստանում (locative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հայաստանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հայաստանը/Հայաստանն

Հայաստանները/Հայաստաններն

Հայաստանների

Հայաստաններին

Հայաստաններից

Հայաստաններով

Հայաստաններում

Հայաստաններս

Հայաստաններիս

Հայաստաններիցս

Հայաստաններովս

Հայաստանումս

Հայաստաններումս

Հայաստաններդ

Հայաստաններիդ

Հայաստաններիցդ

Հայաստաններովդ

Հայաստանումդ

Հայաստաններումդ

→⇒ New Latin: hajastanus

→⇒ Quechua: Hayasuyu

Hy-Հայաստան.ogg

From Old Armenian Հայաստան (Hayastan). By surface analysis, հայ (hay) + -աստան (-astan).

surf

Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Republic of China

/ɹɪˈpʌblɪk əv ˈt͡ʃaɪnə/

While we shall never timidly retreat before the threat of armed aggression, we would welcome, in the present circumstances, negotiations that could have a fruitful result in preserving the peace of the Formosa area and reaching a solution that could be acceptable to all parties concerned, including of course our ally the Republic of China.

1958, President Dwight Eisenhower, 0:21 from the start, in President Eisenhower Speaks On The Formosa Situation (1958), British Pathé:

As for us, free Chinese in the Republic of China, in spite of the changing world situation, we have never faltered in our resolve to liberate the mainland and restore freedom to the hundreds of millions of Chinese who still suffer under Communist oppression.

1965 May 4, Kai-shek Chiang, “Foreword to the Abridged Edition”, in Madame Chiang Kai-shek, transl., Soviet Russia in China: A Summing-up at Seventy, Shihlin, Taipei: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →OCLC, page viii:

From now on, we must work harder to prove two points:[...]Second, that the Chinese Communists are not to be trusted and that sooner or later, in one way or another, they are going to attempt to destroy the Republic of China and seize Taiwan.

1982 January 17, “U.S., ROC and Red China”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXII, number 3, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

Now, on the eve of my second term as President of the Republic of China, it is time to put forward a blueprint for national development based upon the mandate my compatriots have given me through my reelection. With the blueprint I pledge myself to working hand in hand with my fellow citizens for the cause of my country.

1996 May, Teng-hui Lee, “Preface”, in Peace Through Democratic Reforms, Taipei: Wen Ying Tang Press Inc., →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://archive.org/details/peacethroughdemo0000teng/page/n13/:

Fortunately, in April 1979, Congress codified the United States’ support for the brave people of the Republic of China with the passage of the Taiwan Relations Act. This gave our friends the cover to develop the vibrant economy and flourishing democracy we see today and prevented them from being overrun by the same tyrants who are now in the process of eradicating democracy in Hong Kong.

2005, Jesse Helms, “Jimmy Carter”, in Here's Where I Stand: A Memoir, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 106–107:

A country in East Asia; modern-day Taiwan, the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949.


Russland

Russland (indefinite nominative)
Russland (accusative indefinite)
Russlandi (dative indefinite)
Russlands (genitive indefinite)

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Russland

de-proper noun

Russland n (proper noun, genitive Russlands or (optionally with an article) Russland)

Russlands (genitive)
Russland (genitive with-article)
Russland (nominative singular)
Russlands (genitive singular)
Russland (dative singular)
Russland (accusative singular)

Compound of Russe (“Russian (person)”) + Land (“country”).


大和

xug-head

大和(やまと゚ぅー) (Yamatū)

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).


大和

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with mainland Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Japan, mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawa


大和

Ufuyamatu (romanization)
うふやまとぅ (hiragana)

Alternative form of 大大和 (“Japan, Mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawan”).


กัมพูชา

Borrowed from Khmer កម្ពុជា (kampuciə). Compare Sanskrit काम्बोज (kāmboja) and Old Khmer កម្ពុជ, from which Thai กัมพุช is perhaps derived.


இந்தியா

ta-proper noun

இந்தியா • (intiyā)

intiyā (romanization)
இந்தியா (nominative singular)
இந்தியாவே (singular vocative)
இந்தியாவை (accusative singular)
இந்தியாவுக்கு (dative singular)
இந்தியாவுக்காக (benefactive singular)
இந்தியாவுடைய (genitive genitive-i singular)
இந்தியாவின் (genitive genitive-ii singular)
இந்தியாவில் (locative locative-i singular)
இந்தியாவிடம் (locative locative-ii singular)
இந்தியாவோடு (singular sociative sociative-i)
இந்தியாவுடன் (singular sociative sociative-ii)
இந்தியாவால் (instrumental singular)
இந்தியாவிலிருந்து (ablative singular)


People's Republic of China

the People's Republic of China (canonical)

Calque of Chinese 中華人民共和國／中华人民共和国 (Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó)

calque

Meronym: mainland China

While the People's Republic of China claimed in the late 1950s that Shanghai had regained its importance as a leading seaport, this was not borne out by observations of foreign travelers nor by official shipping statistics.

1968, “Shanghai (Shang-hai)”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 20, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 346, column 1:

I disagreed completely—and still do—with President Nixon's initiative to "normalize" relations with the People's Republic of China. The American people […] have been forced to go along with the Carter administration's decision to repudiate our mutual defense treaty with the free Chinese regime on Taiwan […]

1980, Spiro Agnew, Go Quietly . . . Or Else, New York: William Morrow and Company, →ISBN, page 34:

Politically, China proper […] and frontier areas of China were brought together under the Qing dynasty, mostly during the 18th century. Incursions by earlier dynasties into Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and southern Manchuria did occur, but were later reversed. It is this latest process of expansion that accounts for the enormous size of the People's Republic of China today.

1991, Carol Stepanchuk, Charles Wong, “Festivals of Earth, Water, Wind, and Fire”, in Mooncakes and Hungry Ghosts: Festivals of China, San Francisco: China Books & Periodicals, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 108:

Before the death of Deng Xiaoping, many observers were debating whether the People’s Republic of China (PRC) would collapse, just like the former Soviet Union. It did not come to pass.

2005, Peter Kien-hong Yu, Hu Jintao and the Ascendancy of China: A Dialectical Study, →ISBN, page xi:

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

The official name of China, sometimes contrasted to the Republic of China (Taiwan).

ܩܘܼܛܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܥܲܡܡܵܝܬܵܐ ܕܟ̰ܝܼܢܵܐ

quṭnāyūṯā ˁammāytā dčīnā

中華人民共和国

ちゅうかじんみんきょうわこく

junghūwa niyalma irgen uhe hūwaliyambure gurun

ᠵᡠᠩᡥᡡᠸᠠ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᡳᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡠᡥᡝ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ

ཀྲུང་ཧྭ་མི་དམངས་སྤྱི་མཐུན་རྒྱལ་ཁབ

krung hwa mi dmangs spyi mthun rgyal khab


Inde

Borrowed from Classical Persian هند (hind, “India”).


Siria

From Latin Syria, from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Siria

An tSiria (canonical feminine)
na Siria (genitive)
nominative (indefinite)
Siria (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a Shiria (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an tSiria (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na Siria (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an tSiria (definite singular)
don tSiria (definite singular)
Siria
Shiria
tSiria

Poblacht Arabach na Siria
Poblacht Arabach na Siria#Irish

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Poblacht Arabach na Siria)


Bangladesch

de-proper noun

Bangladesch n (proper noun, genitive Bangladeschs or (optionally with an article) Bangladesch)

Bangladeschs (genitive)
Bangladesch (genitive with-article)


Aserbaidschan

Aserbaidschan n (proper noun, genitive Aserbaidschans or (optionally with an article) Aserbaidschan)

Aserbaidschans (genitive)
Aserbaidschan (genitive with-article)

/ˌazɛʁbaɪ̯ˈd͡ʒaːn/

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Armenien

Armenien er et land i Kaukasus.


Armenien

Armenien n (proper noun, genitive Armeniens or (optionally with an article) Armenien)

Armeniens (genitive)
Armenien (genitive with-article)
Armenien (nominative singular)
Armeniens (genitive singular)
Armenien (dative singular)
Armenien (accusative singular)


Armenien

From Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more. The Old Persian name is an exonym: see հայ (hay) for the native name.


Islamic Republic of Iran

the Islamic Republic of Iran (canonical)

Calque of Iranian Persian جُمْهوریِ اِسْلامیِ ایران (jomhuri-ye eslâmi-ye irân).

cal

جُمْهوریِ اِسْلامیِ ایران

Carolina Chandlers Corp. has filed suit in U.S. District Court charging the Islamic Republic of Iran and its nationalized shipping line with failing to pay outstanding debts.

1979 December 1, Debra Furr, “Chandler sues Iran shippers”, in Wilmington Morning Star, volume 113, number 42, Wilmington, North Carolina, page 1:

Ms. Amini, a 22-year-old Kurdish woman known as Jina in Kurdish, was stopped on Sept. 13 by the Islamic Republic of Iran’s morality police as she came out of Tehran’s Haghani metro station.

2022 September 30, Mahsa Alimardani, Kendra Albert, Afsaneh Rigot, “Big Tech Should Support the Iranian People, Not the Regime”, in The New York Times:

イラン・イスラム共和国

イラン・イスラムきょうわこく


العراق

ar-proper noun

الْعِرَاق • (al-ʕirāq) m or f

الْعِرَاق (canonical)
al-ʕirāq (romanization)
الْعِرَاق (definite informal singular triptote)
الْعِرَاقُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْعِرَاقَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْعِرَاقِ (definite genitive singular triptote)

Medieval Arabic geographic understanding of this toponym included the areas in the south and center of modern Iraq. This may be understood as the definite form of عِرَاق (ʕirāq, “shore, coast, any region or area (of a whole country or a mere rivulet in a garden) adjacent to water as opposed to another one”), contradistinguished from الْجَزِيرَة (al-jazīra, “the Arabian Peninsula”), respectively, in Classical Syriac ܓܙܺܝܪܬܴ݁ܐ (gəzīrtā, “Mesopotamia”), but it is tempting to connect it with Middle Persian [script needed] (ˀyrg /ērag/) or [script needed] (ˀl'k' /erāg/, “lowlands”), like 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyrʾn /ērān/, “Iran”), with diminutive suffix from 𐭠𐭩𐭫 (ʾyl /ēr/, “Iranian”), referring to historic rule from Iraq’s plateau-situated neighbor, Persia. The former Pahlavi form is more closely reflected in a Jewish Babylonian Aramaic incantation bowl; together with the neighboring region, this marks it as אירג (ʔyrg /*ērag/), being the oldest extant witness of the country name. The Aramaic language continuum may have had a pharyngealized byform of the other vocalization, as also seen in عِرْنَاس (ʕirnās, “distaff”) and عَمْرُوسَة (ʕamrūsa, “small lamb”).

der

ar:العراق
ru:Христианский Восток (журнал)


العراق

afb-proper noun

العراق • (li-ʕrāg) f

Root
 ع ر ق
 0 terms
From Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).


العراق

acw-proper noun

العِراق • (alʕirāg) f

العِراق (canonical)
alʕirāg (romanization)


العراق

ajp-proper noun

العراق • (il-ʕirāq) m

[ɪl.ʕɪˈrˤɑːq]

Learned borrowing from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).


Ирак

bg-proper noun

Ира́к • (Irák) m (relational adjective ира́кски)

Ира́к (canonical)
Irák (romanization)
ира́кски (adjective relational)
Ира́к (indefinite singular)

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Ирак

İrak (romanization)
ئراق (Arabic)
Ирак (nominative singular)
Ирактын (genitive singular)
Иракка (dative singular)
Иракты (accusative singular)
Иракта (locative singular)
Ирактан (ablative singular)
Иракым (first-person nominative singular)
Иракымдын (first-person genitive singular)
Иракыма (dative first-person singular)
Иракымды (accusative first-person singular)
Иракымда (first-person locative singular)
Иракымдан (ablative first-person singular)
Иракың (informal nominative second-person singular)
Иракыңдын (genitive informal second-person singular)
Иракыңа (dative informal second-person singular)
Иракыңды (accusative informal second-person singular)
Иракыңда (informal locative second-person singular)
Иракыңдан (ablative informal second-person singular)
Иракыңыз (formal nominative second-person singular)
Иракыңыздын (formal genitive second-person singular)
Иракыңызга (dative formal second-person singular)
Иракыңызды (accusative formal second-person singular)
Иракыңызда (formal locative second-person singular)
Иракыңыздан (ablative formal second-person singular)


Ирак

mk-proper noun

Ирак • (Irak) m (relational adjective ирачки)

Irak (romanization)
ирачки (adjective relational)


Ирак

head

Ира́к • (Irák) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠷᠠᠺ)

Ира́к (canonical)
Irák (romanization)
ᠢᠷᠠᠺ (Mongolian)
Ирак (attributive)
Ирак (indefinite nominative singular)
Иракийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Иракийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Иракт (dative indefinite locative singular)
Иракаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Иракаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Ирактай (comitative indefinite singular)
Иракгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Ирак руу (directive indefinite singular)
Иракаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Иракийнхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Иракийгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Ирактаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Иракаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Иракаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Ирактайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Иракгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Ирак руугаа (directive indefinite singular)


Ирак

ru-proper noun+

Ира́к • (Irák) m inan (genitive Ира́ка, relational adjective ира́кский)

Ира́к (canonical)
Irák (romanization)
Ира́ка (genitive)
ира́кский (adjective relational)
Ира́к (nominative singular)
Ира́ка (genitive singular)
Ира́ку (dative singular)
Ира́к (accusative singular)
Ира́ком (instrumental singular)
Ира́ке (prepositional singular)

→ Mongolian: Ирак (Irak)


Ирак

Ѝра̄к (canonical masculine)
Ìrāk (romanization)
Ѝра̄к (nominative singular)
Ира́ка (genitive singular)
Ираку (dative singular)
Ирак (accusative singular)
Ираке (singular vocative)
Ираку (locative singular)
Ираком (instrumental singular)


Irak

Ben Shohnah relates, that in the year 456 of the Hejira, in the reign of Caiem, the twenty-sixth caliph of the house of Abbas, a report was raised in Bagdad which immediately spread throughout the whole province of Irak, that some Turks being out hunting saw in the desert a black tent, beneath which there was a number of people of both sexes, who were beating their cheeks, and uttering loud cries, as is the custom in the East when any one is dead.

1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 41:

(dated and non-native speakers' English) Rare spelling of Iraq.


Irak

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Bagdad)


Irak

Iraku (definite)
Irak (indefinite nominative singular)
Iraku (definite nominative singular)
Irak (accusative indefinite singular)
Irakun (accusative definite singular)
Iraku (indefinite singular)
Irakut (definite singular)


Irak

Irak (indefinite nominative)
Irak (accusative indefinite)
Iraki (dative indefinite)
Iraks (genitive indefinite)


Irak

Irak (nominative singular)
Irak (accusative nominative singular)
Irakin (accusative genitive singular)
Irakin (genitive singular)
Irakia (partitive singular)
Irakissa (inessive singular)
Irakista (elative singular)
Irakiin (illative singular)
Irakilla (adessive singular)
Irakilta (ablative singular)
Irakille (allative singular)
Irakina (essive singular)
Irakiksi (singular translative)
Irakitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Irakini (nominative singular)
Irakini (accusative nominative singular)
Irakini (accusative genitive singular)
Irakini (genitive singular)
Irakiani (partitive singular)
Irakissani (inessive singular)
Irakistani (elative singular)
Irakiini (illative singular)
Irakillani (adessive singular)
Irakiltani (ablative singular)
Irakilleni (allative singular)
Irakinani (essive singular)
Irakikseni (singular translative)
Irakittani (abessive singular)
Irakisi (nominative singular)
Irakisi (accusative nominative singular)
Irakisi (accusative genitive singular)
Irakisi (genitive singular)
Irakiasi (partitive singular)
Irakissasi (inessive singular)
Irakistasi (elative singular)
Irakiisi (illative singular)
Irakillasi (adessive singular)
Irakiltasi (ablative singular)
Irakillesi (allative singular)
Irakinasi (essive singular)
Irakiksesi (singular translative)
Irakittasi (abessive singular)
Irakimme (nominative singular)
Irakimme (accusative nominative singular)
Irakimme (accusative genitive singular)
Irakimme (genitive singular)
Irakiamme (partitive singular)
Irakissamme (inessive singular)
Irakistamme (elative singular)
Irakiimme (illative singular)
Irakillamme (adessive singular)
Irakiltamme (ablative singular)
Irakillemme (allative singular)
Irakinamme (essive singular)
Irakiksemme (singular translative)
Irakittamme (abessive singular)
Irakinne (nominative singular)
Irakinne (accusative nominative singular)
Irakinne (accusative genitive singular)
Irakinne (genitive singular)
Irakianne (partitive singular)
Irakissanne (inessive singular)
Irakistanne (elative singular)
Irakiinne (illative singular)
Irakillanne (adessive singular)
Irakiltanne (ablative singular)
Irakillenne (allative singular)
Irakinanne (essive singular)
Irakiksenne (singular translative)
Irakittanne (abessive singular)
Irakinsa (nominative singular)
Irakinsa (accusative nominative singular)
Irakinsa (accusative genitive singular)
Irakinsa (genitive singular)
Irakiaan (partitive singular)
Irakiansa (partitive singular)
Irakissaan (inessive singular)
Irakissansa (inessive singular)
Irakistaan (elative singular)
Irakistansa (elative singular)
Irakiinsa (illative singular)
Irakillaan (adessive singular)
Irakillansa (adessive singular)
Irakiltaan (ablative singular)
Irakiltansa (ablative singular)
Irakilleen (allative singular)
Irakillensa (allative singular)
Irakinaan (essive singular)
Irakinansa (essive singular)
Irakikseen (singular translative)
Irakiksensa (singular translative)
Irakittaan (abessive singular)
Irakittansa (abessive singular)

Irakin tasavalta


Irak

de-proper noun

Irak m or n (proper noun, strong, genitive Iraks or Irak, plural Irak)

Iraks (genitive)
Irak (genitive)
Irak (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).

bor+

, Siegfried Auermann, Germanen und Wikinger. Wikingerfahrten, Normanenreiche, Runenkunde, Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag Mannheim e.K., page 101

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Dreißig Jahre nachher fuhren ſie auf Strömen und über Land in das Kaſpische Meer hinein, ſpäter drangen ſie gar bis nach Aserbeidſchan und in das Irak vor.

Auch mit ſeinem Halbbruder Mohammed mußte er hernach theilen h); dieſer behielt Aderbidſchan und ihm ſelbst blieb nur die Herrſchaft des Oſtens und die Oberlehnsherrſchaft über beide Irak.

1821, Friedrich Chriſtoph Schloſſer, Weltgeſchichte in zuſammenhängender Erzählung. Dritten Bandes erſter Theil, page 82:

Motenebbi hatte zwar ſelbst nach ſeiner Trennung von Seifeddewlet desſelben in mittelbarem und unmittelbarem Lobe gedacht, aber er fühlte ſich doch nicht mehr an deſſen Hof hingezogen, und begab ſich nun an den des großen Fürſten der Dynaſtie Bujeh, Adhad-ed-dewlet, welcher die beyden Irak (das arabiſche und perſiſche) beherrſchte, und wechſelweiſe in den Hauptſtädten dieſer beyden Länder, zu Schiraſ und Bagdad, reſidierte.

1824, Joſeph von Hammer, Motenebbi, der größte arabiſche Dichter, page XXIX:

Jerack

in Fraktur with a single type J for I and J


Irak

Irak (nominative singular)
Irakot (accusative singular)
Iraknak (dative singular)
Irakkal (instrumental singular)
Irakért (causal-final singular)
Irakká (singular translative)
Irakig (singular terminative)
Irakként (essive-formal singular)
Irakban (inessive singular)
Irakon (singular superessive)
Iraknál (adessive singular)
Irakba (illative singular)
Irakra (singular sublative)
Irakhoz (allative singular)
Irakból (elative singular)
Irakról (delative singular)
Iraktól (ablative singular)
Iraké (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Irakéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Irakom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Irakod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Irakja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Irakunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Irakotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Irakjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Irak

From Dutch Irak, from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq, “Iraq”), of uncertain derivation. Medieval Arabic uses ‘Iraq’ as a geographical term for the area in the south and center of the modern Iraq. Some Arabic sources say that Iraq comes from عَرِيق (ʕarīq, “deep-rooted”), from عِرْق (ʕirq, “root”), while others say it is from Middle Persian's Middle Persian ˀl'k' (/erāg/, “lowlands”), due to historic rule from Iraq's plateau-situated neighbor, Persia.


Irak

Irak (nominative singular)
Iraku (genitive singular)
Irakowi (dative singular)
Irak (accusative singular)
Irakiem (instrumental singular)
Iraku (locative singular)
Iraku (singular vocative)


Irak

Ìrāk (canonical masculine)
Ѝра̄к (Cyrillic)
Ìrāk (nominative singular)
Iráka (genitive singular)
Iraku (dative singular)
Irak (accusative singular)
Irake (singular vocative)
Iraku (locative singular)
Irakom (instrumental singular)


Irak

sk-proper noun

Irak m inan (genitive singular Iraku, declension pattern of dub)

Iraku (genitive singular)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
Irak (nominative singular-only)
Iraku (genitive singular-only)
Iraku (dative singular-only)
Irak (accusative singular-only)
Iraku (locative singular-only)
Irakom (instrumental singular-only)


Irak

Irȃk (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Irák (nominative singular)
Iráka (genitive singular)
Iráku (dative singular)
Irák (accusative singular)
Iráku (locative singular)
Irákom (instrumental singular)


Irak

Irak (nominative singular)
Iraklar (nominative plural)
Irak'lar (nominative plural)
Irak'ı (accusative singular)
Irakları (accusative plural)
Irak'ları (accusative plural)
Irak'a (dative singular)
Iraklara (dative plural)
Irak'lara (dative plural)
Irak'ta (locative singular)
Iraklarda (locative plural)
Irak'larda (locative plural)
Irak'tan (ablative singular)
Iraklardan (ablative plural)
Irak'lardan (ablative plural)
Irak'ın (genitive singular)
Irakların (genitive plural)
Irak'ların (genitive plural)
Irak'ım (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Iraklarım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Irak'larım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Irak'ın (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Irakların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Irak'ların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Irak'ı (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Irakları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Irak'ları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Irak'ımız (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Iraklarımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Irak'larımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Irak'ınız (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Iraklarınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Irak'larınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Irak'ı (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Irakları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Irak'ları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Irakları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Irak'ları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish عراق (“low country along a river, especially the Tigris”), from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).


タイ

Ultimately from Thai ไทย (tai). The kanji is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 泰 (tài).


Kambodja

From Cambodja, inherited from Dutch Cambodja, from French Cambodge or Portuguese Camboja.

Cambodia (a country in Southeast Asia; capital: Phnom Penh)


Kambodja

From French Cambodge and Portuguese Camboja. Both these words are derived from Middle Khmer Kambuja (Modern Khmer, Kampuchea). Ultimately from Sanskrit काम्बोज (kāmbōja, “a tribe mentioned in Hindu scripture”).


Rwsia

From English Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Rus”).


Venäjä

Venäjä (nominative singular)
Venäjä (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjän (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjän (genitive singular)
Venäjää (partitive singular)
Venäjässä (inessive singular)
Venäjästä (elative singular)
Venäjään (illative singular)
Venäjällä (adessive singular)
Venäjältä (ablative singular)
Venäjälle (allative singular)
Venäjänä (essive singular)
Venäjäksi (singular translative)
Venäjättä (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Venäjäni (nominative singular)
Venäjäni (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjäni (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjäni (genitive singular)
Venäjääni (partitive singular)
Venäjässäni (inessive singular)
Venäjästäni (elative singular)
Venäjääni (illative singular)
Venäjälläni (adessive singular)
Venäjältäni (ablative singular)
Venäjälleni (allative singular)
Venäjänäni (essive singular)
Venäjäkseni (singular translative)
Venäjättäni (abessive singular)
Venäjäsi (nominative singular)
Venäjäsi (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjäsi (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjäsi (genitive singular)
Venäjääsi (partitive singular)
Venäjässäsi (inessive singular)
Venäjästäsi (elative singular)
Venäjääsi (illative singular)
Venäjälläsi (adessive singular)
Venäjältäsi (ablative singular)
Venäjällesi (allative singular)
Venäjänäsi (essive singular)
Venäjäksesi (singular translative)
Venäjättäsi (abessive singular)
Venäjämme (nominative singular)
Venäjämme (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjämme (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjämme (genitive singular)
Venäjäämme (partitive singular)
Venäjässämme (inessive singular)
Venäjästämme (elative singular)
Venäjäämme (illative singular)
Venäjällämme (adessive singular)
Venäjältämme (ablative singular)
Venäjällemme (allative singular)
Venäjänämme (essive singular)
Venäjäksemme (singular translative)
Venäjättämme (abessive singular)
Venäjänne (nominative singular)
Venäjänne (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjänne (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjänne (genitive singular)
Venäjäänne (partitive singular)
Venäjässänne (inessive singular)
Venäjästänne (elative singular)
Venäjäänne (illative singular)
Venäjällänne (adessive singular)
Venäjältänne (ablative singular)
Venäjällenne (allative singular)
Venäjänänne (essive singular)
Venäjäksenne (singular translative)
Venäjättänne (abessive singular)
Venäjänsä (nominative singular)
Venäjänsä (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjänsä (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjänsä (genitive singular)
Venäjäänsä (partitive singular)
Venäjässään (inessive singular)
Venäjässänsä (inessive singular)
Venäjästään (elative singular)
Venäjästänsä (elative singular)
Venäjäänsä (illative singular)
Venäjällään (adessive singular)
Venäjällänsä (adessive singular)
Venäjältään (ablative singular)
Venäjältänsä (ablative singular)
Venäjälleen (allative singular)
Venäjällensä (allative singular)
Venäjänään (essive singular)
Venäjänänsä (essive singular)
Venäjäkseen (singular translative)
Venäjäksensä (singular translative)
Venäjättään (abessive singular)
Venäjättänsä (abessive singular)

From the now rare noun venät (“Russian”) by later analogy with the genitive forms. The shorter root is found in derivations like venäläinen and in other Finnic languages like Veps veńa. Cognates include Estonian vene, Venemaa.


Sam

Thailand, Siam (a country in Southeast Asia)


Soviet Union

desc

সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন

→ Bengali: সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন (śobhiet iuniôn)

Clipping of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Attested since October 1919 in U.S. newspapers.

clipping

Hence the famous February 9th 1946 speech at the Bolshoi Theatre, where Stalin announced that the Soviet Union was returning to its pre-war emphasis on industrialization, war-preparedness, and the inevitabibility of conflict between capitalism and Communism, and made explicit what was already obvious, that henceforth the Soviet Union would cooperate with the West only when it suited her.

2005, Tony Judt, “The Impossible Settlement”, in Postwar: A history of Europe since 1945, London: Vintage Books, published 2010, →ISBN:

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics#English

Ellipsis of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Советтә Аидгыла

USSR — see also Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic#English

(informal) The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.


Egiptia

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Japon

Possibly from New Latin Japonia or French Japon or Cantonese 日本 (jat⁶ bun²).


Japon

⇒ Haitian Creole: Japon

→ Italian: Giappone

→ Khmer: ជប៉ុន (cĕəʼpon)

⇒ Lombard: Gjapon

→ Norman: Japon

→ Persian:

Iranian Persian: ژاپُن (žâpon)

⇒ Piedmontese: Giapon

→ Rade: Za pô nê (via japonais)

→ Turkish: Japon

→ Venetan: Giapòn

From Portuguese Japão, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

der

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


Giappone

Borrowed from French Japon, from Portuguese Japão, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, “sun origin”).


Ermenistan

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Ermenistan

/ɛɾmɛnɪsˈtɑːn/


Ermenistan

Ermenistan (nominative singular)
Ermenistanlar (nominative plural)
Ermenistan'ı (accusative singular)
Ermenistanları (accusative plural)
Ermenistan'a (dative singular)
Ermenistanlara (dative plural)
Ermenistan'da (locative singular)
Ermenistanlarda (locative plural)
Ermenistan'dan (ablative singular)
Ermenistanlardan (ablative plural)
Ermenistan'ın (genitive singular)
Ermenistanların (genitive plural)
Ermenistan'ım (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Ermenistanlarım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Ermenistan'larım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Ermenistan'ın (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Ermenistanların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Ermenistan'ların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Ermenistan'ı (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Ermenistanları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Ermenistan'ları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Ermenistan'ımız (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Ermenistanlarımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Ermenistan'larımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Ermenistan'ınız (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Ermenistanlarınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Ermenistan'larınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Ermenistan'ı (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Ermenistanları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Ermenistan'ları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Ermenistanları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Ermenistan'ları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish ارمنستان, from Classical Persian اَرمَنِستان (armanistān).


Endonezya

Endonezya (nominative singular)
Endonezyalar (nominative plural)
Endonezya'lar (nominative plural)
Endonezya'yı (accusative singular)
Endonezyaları (accusative plural)
Endonezya'ları (accusative plural)
Endonezya'ya (dative singular)
Endonezyalara (dative plural)
Endonezya'lara (dative plural)
Endonezya'da (locative singular)
Endonezyalarda (locative plural)
Endonezya'larda (locative plural)
Endonezya'dan (ablative singular)
Endonezyalardan (ablative plural)
Endonezya'lardan (ablative plural)
Endonezya'nın (genitive singular)
Endonezyaların (genitive plural)
Endonezya'ların (genitive plural)
Endonezya'm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Endonezyalarım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Endonezya'larım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Endonezya'n (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Endonezyaların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Endonezya'ların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Endonezya'sı (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Endonezyaları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Endonezya'ları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Endonezya'mız (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Endonezyalarımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Endonezya'larımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Endonezya'nız (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Endonezyalarınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Endonezya'larınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Endonezya'sı (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Endonezyaları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Endonezya'ları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Endonezyaları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Endonezya'ları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish انضونهزيا (Endonezya), from French Indonésie.

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Egitto

→ Maltese: Eġittu

From Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos), from Egyptian Hwt-t:O1-kA:Z1-p:t-H-A40 (ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ, literally “the temple of the ka of Ptah”), referring to Ptah's temple in the important city of Memphis.


Pilipinas

Borrowed from Spanish Filipinas, from Felipe + -ina + -s.

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Pilipinas

Borrowed from Spanish Filipinas, from Felipe + -inas. Originally in Spanish las Islas Filipinas (literally “the Philippine Isles”), after King Philip II of Spain.


Pilipinas

Borrowed from Spanish Filipinas, from Felipe + -ina + -s. Originally in Spanish las Islas Filipinas (literally “the Philippine Isles”), named after King Philip II of Spain.


Pilipinas

tsg-proper noun

Pilipinas (Sulat Sūg spelling فِلِفِنَسْ)

(Philippines) Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Filipinas

en:Filipinas
es:Felipe II de España
es:Filipinas

From Felipe + -inas. Originally las Islas Filipinas (literally “the Philippine Isles”), named after Felipe II de España (“Philip II of Spain”).


Filipinas

Borrowed from Spanish Filipinas, from Felipe (“the name of a King of Spain”) + -inas.

(proscribed) alternative form of Pilipinas: Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Nhật Bản

[ɲət̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓaːn˧˩]

[ɲək̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓaːŋ˧˨]

[ɲək̚˨˩˨ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 日本 (“base of the sun”), from Japanese 日本 (Nippon, Nihon).

vi-etym-sino

Phan Châu Trinh Đạo đức và luân lí Đông Tây [Eastern and Western Ideas on Morality and Ethics]:
Người nước ta thường tự xưng là đồng loại, đồng đạo, đồng văn với Nhật Bản; thấy họ tiến thì nức nở khen chớ không khi nào chịu xét vì sao mà họ tiến tới như thế? Họ chỉ đóng tàu súng mà được giàu mạnh hay là họ còn trao dồi đạo đức, sửa đổi luân lý mới được như ngày nay? Ai có đọc đến lịch sử Nhật Bản mới biết Nhật Bản họ cũng bồi đắp nền đạo đức của họ lắm. Từ lúc Minh Trị duy tân cho đến 24 năm sau hạ chiếu lập hiến trong nước Nhật biết bao nhiêu người lo khuynh Mạc Phủ lo lập hiến pháp, biết bao nhiêu kẻ đổ máu rát cổ mới gây dựng nên một nước tân tiến rất giàu mạnh như bây giờ.
Folks in our country like to consider themselves as similar to the Japanese in terms of race, philosophy, culture; everyone likes to praise them when they make progress, yet no one cares to find out exactly how they make progress. Is it because they made ships and firearms that they became wealthy, or is it because they strengthened their morality, adjusted their ethics that they became what they are now? If you read up on Japan's history, you'll learn that the Japanese have really built upon their morality. From the Meiji Restoration to 24 years after the constitutional proclamation, in Japan, there were so many who were hard at work to overthrow the Shogunate, to make the Constitution, so much blood was shed to build what that is now an advanced, wealthy, powerful country.


Thailandia

la-proper noun

Thailandia f sg (genitive Thailandiae); first declension

Thailandiae (genitive)
Thailandia (nominative singular)
Thailandiae (genitive singular)
Thailandiae (dative singular)
Thailandiam (accusative singular)
Thailandiā (ablative singular)
Thailandia (singular vocative)

(New Latin) Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)


Rusland

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Rusland

nl-proper noun

Rusland n (adjective Russisch, demonym Rus m or Russin f or Russische f)

Russisch (adjective)
Rus (demonym masculine)
Russin (demonym feminine)
Russische (demonym feminine)