Hispania

Borrowed from English Hispania, Hispanian, Hispanic, French Hispanie, hispanique, Spanish hispano, hispánico, ultimately from Latin Hispānia.


Hispania

la-proper noun

Hispānia f sg (genitive Hispāniae); first declension

Hispānia (canonical feminine singular)
Hispāniae (genitive)
Hispānia (nominative singular)
Hispāniae (genitive singular)
Hispāniae (dative singular)
Hispāniam (accusative singular)
Hispāniā (ablative singular)
Hispānia (singular vocative)

Aromanian: Ispania

⇒ Asturian: España

Catalan: Espanya

Italian: Spagna
→ Albanian: Spanjë

Occitan: Espanha

Old French: Espaigne (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: Espanha, Espanna
Fala: España
Galician: España
Portuguese: Espanha

Old Spanish: Espanna, España
Ladino: Espanya / איספאנײה
Spanish: España (see there for further descendants)

Romanian: Spania

Romansch: Spagna

Sardinian: Ispagna

Sicilian: Spagna

→ Ancient Greek: Ἱσπανία (Hispanía), Σπᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Spāníā), Ἑσπᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Hespāníā)
Greek: Ισπανία (Ispanía)
→ Old Georgian: სპანიაჲ (sṗaniay)
⇒ Georgian: ესპანეთი (esṗaneti)

→ Catalan: Hispània

→? Chinese: 西班牙 (Xībānyá)

→ Korean: 서반아 (seobana)

⇒ Vietnamese: Tây Ban Nha

→ Dutch: Spanje
> Afrikaans: Spanje (inherited)

→ Esperanto: Hispanio

⇒ Estonian: Hispaania

→ German: Hispanien

→ Ido: Hispania

→ Japanese: イスパニア

→ Middle High German: Spanje

German: Spanien

Luxembourgish: Spuenien

⇒ Norwegian Bokmål: Spania

⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: Spania

→ Old English: Ispania

→ Polish: Hiszpania
→ Ukrainian: Гишпа́нія (Hyšpánija)

→ Portuguese: Hispânia
→ Hindustani:
Urdu: ہَسْپانِیَہ (haspāniya)
→ Japanese: イスパニャ

→ Russian: Испа́ния (Ispánija), Испа́нія (Ispánija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918), (dated) Гишпа́ния (Gišpánija), (dated) Гишпа́нія (Gišpánija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: Իսպանիա (Ispania)
⇒ Mongolian:
Cyrillic script: Испани (Ispani)
Mongolian script: ᠢᠰᠫᠠᠨᠢ (ispani)

→ Welsh: Sbaen

Traditionally thought to derive from a Phoenician/Punic name *𐤀𐤉𐤔𐤐𐤍 (*ʾyšpn /*ʔī šap̄ān/, literally “island of the hyrax”), with elements equivalent to Hebrew אִי (ʔī, “island”) and שָׁפָן (šap̄ā́n, “hyrax”), where the Phoenicians would have thought the land's many rabbits to resemble hyraxes. This theory had some currency among Roman authors, and may explain why Hispania is depicted with rabbits on some Roman coins. But later scholars have sometimes doubted this interpretation and proposed other possible Phoenician etyma, like *𐤀𐤉 𐤑𐤐𐤍 (*ʾy ṣpn /*ʔī ṣappūn/, literally “island of the north”).

(New Latin) Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Ryssland

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Belgia

Belgia (unmutated)
Velgia (mutation-soft)
Pelgia (mutation-hard)

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Belgia

head

Belgia (genitive Belgia, partitive Belgiat)

Belgia (genitive)
Belgiat (partitive)
Belgia (nominative singular)
Belgiad (nominative plural)
Belgia (accusative nominative singular)
Belgiad (accusative nominative plural)
Belgia (accusative genitive singular)
Belgiad (accusative genitive plural)
Belgia (genitive singular)
Belgiate (genitive plural)
Belgiat (partitive singular)
Belgiaid (partitive plural)
Belgiasse (illative singular)
Belgiatesse (illative plural)
Belgiaisse (illative plural)
Belgias (inessive singular)
Belgiates (inessive plural)
Belgiais (inessive plural)
Belgiast (elative singular)
Belgiatest (elative plural)
Belgiaist (elative plural)
Belgiale (allative singular)
Belgiatele (allative plural)
Belgiaile (allative plural)
Belgial (adessive singular)
Belgiatel (adessive plural)
Belgiail (adessive plural)
Belgialt (ablative singular)
Belgiatelt (ablative plural)
Belgiailt (ablative plural)
Belgiaks (singular translative)
Belgiateks (plural translative)
Belgiaiks (plural translative)
Belgiani (singular terminative)
Belgiateni (plural terminative)
Belgiana (essive singular)
Belgiatena (essive plural)
Belgiata (abessive singular)
Belgiateta (abessive plural)
Belgiaga (comitative singular)
Belgiatega (comitative plural)


Belgia

Belgia (nominative singular)
Belgia (accusative nominative singular)
Belgian (accusative genitive singular)
Belgian (genitive singular)
Belgiaa (partitive singular)
Belgiassa (inessive singular)
Belgiasta (elative singular)
Belgiaan (illative singular)
Belgialla (adessive singular)
Belgialta (ablative singular)
Belgialle (allative singular)
Belgiana (essive singular)
Belgiaksi (singular translative)
Belgiatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Belgiani (nominative singular)
Belgiani (accusative nominative singular)
Belgiani (accusative genitive singular)
Belgiani (genitive singular)
Belgiaani (partitive singular)
Belgiassani (inessive singular)
Belgiastani (elative singular)
Belgiaani (illative singular)
Belgiallani (adessive singular)
Belgialtani (ablative singular)
Belgialleni (allative singular)
Belgianani (essive singular)
Belgiakseni (singular translative)
Belgiattani (abessive singular)
Belgiasi (nominative singular)
Belgiasi (accusative nominative singular)
Belgiasi (accusative genitive singular)
Belgiasi (genitive singular)
Belgiaasi (partitive singular)
Belgiassasi (inessive singular)
Belgiastasi (elative singular)
Belgiaasi (illative singular)
Belgiallasi (adessive singular)
Belgialtasi (ablative singular)
Belgiallesi (allative singular)
Belgianasi (essive singular)
Belgiaksesi (singular translative)
Belgiattasi (abessive singular)
Belgiamme (nominative singular)
Belgiamme (accusative nominative singular)
Belgiamme (accusative genitive singular)
Belgiamme (genitive singular)
Belgiaamme (partitive singular)
Belgiassamme (inessive singular)
Belgiastamme (elative singular)
Belgiaamme (illative singular)
Belgiallamme (adessive singular)
Belgialtamme (ablative singular)
Belgiallemme (allative singular)
Belgianamme (essive singular)
Belgiaksemme (singular translative)
Belgiattamme (abessive singular)
Belgianne (nominative singular)
Belgianne (accusative nominative singular)
Belgianne (accusative genitive singular)
Belgianne (genitive singular)
Belgiaanne (partitive singular)
Belgiassanne (inessive singular)
Belgiastanne (elative singular)
Belgiaanne (illative singular)
Belgiallanne (adessive singular)
Belgialtanne (ablative singular)
Belgiallenne (allative singular)
Belgiananne (essive singular)
Belgiaksenne (singular translative)
Belgiattanne (abessive singular)
Belgiansa (nominative singular)
Belgiansa (accusative nominative singular)
Belgiansa (accusative genitive singular)
Belgiansa (genitive singular)
Belgiaansa (partitive singular)
Belgiassaan (inessive singular)
Belgiassansa (inessive singular)
Belgiastaan (elative singular)
Belgiastansa (elative singular)
Belgiaansa (illative singular)
Belgiallaan (adessive singular)
Belgiallansa (adessive singular)
Belgialtaan (ablative singular)
Belgialtansa (ablative singular)
Belgialleen (allative singular)
Belgiallensa (allative singular)
Belgianaan (essive singular)
Belgianansa (essive singular)
Belgiakseen (singular translative)
Belgiaksensa (singular translative)
Belgiattaan (abessive singular)
Belgiattansa (abessive singular)


Belgia

Belgia (nominative singular)
Belgie (nominative plural)
Belgii (genitive singular)
Belgii (genitive plural)
Belgii (dative singular)
Belgiom (dative plural)
Belgię (accusative singular)
Belgie (accusative plural)
Belgią (instrumental singular)
Belgiami (instrumental plural)
Belgii (locative singular)
Belgiach (locative plural)
Belgio (singular vocative)
Belgie (plural vocative)


Belgia

Belgie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Belgia (accusative definite nominative)
Belgii (indefinite)
Belgiei (definite)
Belgie (vocative)
Belgio (vocative)


Spanyol

From Malay Sepanyol, from Dutch spanjool (“Spaniard”), from Spanish español (“Spanish”), from Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispāniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.


Rusia

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).


Rusia

Alternative form of Lūkia: Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Rusia

Earlier spelled as روشيا (Rusyia), borrowed from English Russia, from Medieval Latin Russi (“the people of Russia”), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Rus”) (whence Arabic رُوس (rūs) and Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs)), which originally referred to a group of Varangians who established themselves near Kiev in the 9th century and ruled Kievan Rus; probably from Proto-Finnic *roocci, from Old East Norse *roþs- (“related to rowing”); related to Old Norse Roþrslandi (“the land of rowing”), an older name of Roslagen, where the Finns first encountered the Swedes. Ultimately from Old Norse róðr (“steering oar”), from Proto-Germanic *rōþrą (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”).


Rusia

Rusie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Rusia (accusative definite nominative)
Rusii (indefinite)
Rusiei (definite)
Rusie (vocative)
Rusio (vocative)

→ Vlax Romani: Řusỳja (< Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia)

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”). Equivalent to rus + -ia.
From Old Romanian Rusia, where -i- is stressed, from Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia, from South Slavic dialect Rusȉja (> Serbo-Croatian Rùsija).


Rusia

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).


Jerman

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Jerman

From English German, from Latin Germania.


Belanda

Borrowed from Malay Belanda, from Portuguese Holanda.

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Belanda

From Malay Belanda, from Javanese ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦢ (walanda), from Portuguese Holanda (“Holland”), from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”).


Belanda

> Indonesian: Belanda (inherited)

→ Iban: Belanda

→ Tausug: Balanda'

→ Thai: วิลันดา (wí-lan-daa)

From Javanese ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦢ (walanda), from Portuguese Holanda (“Holland”), from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”).


Anglia

Anglia (nominative singular)
Anglian (genitive singular)
Angliaa (partitive singular)
Angliaa (illative singular)
Angliaas (inessive singular)
Angliast (elative singular)
Anglialle (allative singular)
Angliaal (adessive singular)
Anglialt (ablative singular)
Angliaks (singular translative)
Anglianna (essive singular)
Angliaan (essive singular)
Angliant (exessive singular)

Industrian kehityksen mukkaa Anglia ono toin maa maailmaas.

1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by P. I. Maksimov and N. A. Iljin, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun neljättä klaassaa vart (toine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 123:

As to industrial development, England is the second country on earth.

(colloquial) United Kingdom (a country in Europe)


Anglia

la-proper noun

Anglia f sg (genitive Angliae); first declension

Angliae (genitive)
Anglia (nominative singular)
Angliae (genitive singular)
Angliae (dative singular)
Angliam (accusative singular)
Angliā (ablative singular)
Anglia (singular vocative)

→ Albanian: Angli

→ Armenian: Անգլիա (Anglia)

desc

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܲܢܓܠܝܼܵܐ (anglīyā)

→ Belarusian: А́нглія (Ánhlija)

→ Bulgarian: А́нглия (Ánglija)

→ Catalan: Ànglia

→ Czech: Anglie

→ English: Anglia

→ Greek: Αγγλία (Anglía)

אַנְגְּלִיָּה

→ Hebrew: אַנְגְּלִיָּה (ángliya)

→ Hebrew: אַנְגְּלִיָּה (ángliya)

→ Hungarian: Anglia

→ Latvian: Anglija

→ Lithuanian: Anglija

→ Macedonian: Англија (Anglija)

→ Polish: Anglia

→ Romanian: Anglia

desctree

→ Russian: А́нглия (Ánglija), А́нглія (Ánglija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Ingrian: Anglia
→ Eastern Mari: Англий (Angĺij)
→ Mongolian: Англи (Angli)

→ Slovene: Anglija

→ Ukrainian: А́нглія (Ánhlija)

→ Sanskrit: आङ्ग्ल (āṅgla)

Of Germanic origin, but the exact source is unclear:
* From Proto-West Germanic *angī (“narrow”), as in the narrow waters of the area, or
* From Proto-Germanic *angulaz (“hook”), either referring to the shape of the isle or the Angles as a fishing people.
Folk etymology (according to the Gesta Danorum) drew it from the Nordic hero Angul, whose name was supposedly given to the Angles and his brother Dan's to the Danes.
More at Anglia.


تركيا

ar-proper noun

تُرْكِيَا or تُرْكِيَّا • (turkiyā or turkiyyā) f

تُرْكِيَا (canonical)
تُرْكِيَّا (canonical)
turkiyā (romanization)
turkiyyā (romanization)
تُرْكِيَا (definite informal invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (definite informal invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (definite invariable nominative singular)
تُرْكِيَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (accusative definite invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَا (definite genitive invariable singular)
تُرْكِيَّا (definite genitive invariable singular)

Ultimately from Byzantine Greek Τουρκίᾱ (Tourkíā, “Turkey”), itself being Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos) (borrowed into Latin as Turcus (“A Turk, Turkish”), see there for further etymology) with suffix -ίᾱ (-íā).


تركيا

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic تُرْكِيَّا (turkiyyā).


German Empire

(historical) The German state which existed, with Berlin as its capital, between 1871 and 1918.


Italia

Italia (absolutive indefinite)
Italiak (ergative indefinite)
Italiari (dative indefinite)
Italiaren (genitive indefinite)
Italiarekin (comitative indefinite)
Italiarengatik (causative indefinite)
Italiarentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Italiaz (indefinite instrumental)
Italian (indefinite inessive)
Italiako (indefinite locative)
Italiara (allative indefinite)
Italiaraino (indefinite terminative)
Italiarantz (directive indefinite)
Italiarako (destinative indefinite)
Italiatik (ablative indefinite)
Italiarik (indefinite partitive)
Italiatzat (indefinite prolative)


Italia

Italia (indefinite nominative)
Italia (accusative indefinite)
Italia (dative indefinite)
Italia (genitive indefinite)

From Latin Italia (“Italy”), via Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú) (a name for the southwestern tip of Calabria), meaning "land of bulls" in Oscan. Usually assumed to be a cognate of vitulus (“calf”).


Italia

Italia (nominative singular)
Italia (accusative nominative singular)
Italian (accusative genitive singular)
Italian (genitive singular)
Italiaa (partitive singular)
Italiassa (inessive singular)
Italiasta (elative singular)
Italiaan (illative singular)
Italialla (adessive singular)
Italialta (ablative singular)
Italialle (allative singular)
Italiana (essive singular)
Italiaksi (singular translative)
Italiatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Italiani (nominative singular)
Italiani (accusative nominative singular)
Italiani (accusative genitive singular)
Italiani (genitive singular)
Italiaani (partitive singular)
Italiassani (inessive singular)
Italiastani (elative singular)
Italiaani (illative singular)
Italiallani (adessive singular)
Italialtani (ablative singular)
Italialleni (allative singular)
Italianani (essive singular)
Italiakseni (singular translative)
Italiattani (abessive singular)
Italiasi (nominative singular)
Italiasi (accusative nominative singular)
Italiasi (accusative genitive singular)
Italiasi (genitive singular)
Italiaasi (partitive singular)
Italiassasi (inessive singular)
Italiastasi (elative singular)
Italiaasi (illative singular)
Italiallasi (adessive singular)
Italialtasi (ablative singular)
Italiallesi (allative singular)
Italianasi (essive singular)
Italiaksesi (singular translative)
Italiattasi (abessive singular)
Italiamme (nominative singular)
Italiamme (accusative nominative singular)
Italiamme (accusative genitive singular)
Italiamme (genitive singular)
Italiaamme (partitive singular)
Italiassamme (inessive singular)
Italiastamme (elative singular)
Italiaamme (illative singular)
Italiallamme (adessive singular)
Italialtamme (ablative singular)
Italiallemme (allative singular)
Italianamme (essive singular)
Italiaksemme (singular translative)
Italiattamme (abessive singular)
Italianne (nominative singular)
Italianne (accusative nominative singular)
Italianne (accusative genitive singular)
Italianne (genitive singular)
Italiaanne (partitive singular)
Italiassanne (inessive singular)
Italiastanne (elative singular)
Italiaanne (illative singular)
Italiallanne (adessive singular)
Italialtanne (ablative singular)
Italiallenne (allative singular)
Italiananne (essive singular)
Italiaksenne (singular translative)
Italiattanne (abessive singular)
Italiansa (nominative singular)
Italiansa (accusative nominative singular)
Italiansa (accusative genitive singular)
Italiansa (genitive singular)
Italiaansa (partitive singular)
Italiassaan (inessive singular)
Italiassansa (inessive singular)
Italiastaan (elative singular)
Italiastansa (elative singular)
Italiaansa (illative singular)
Italiallaan (adessive singular)
Italiallansa (adessive singular)
Italialtaan (ablative singular)
Italialtansa (ablative singular)
Italialleen (allative singular)
Italiallensa (allative singular)
Italianaan (essive singular)
Italianansa (essive singular)
Italiakseen (singular translative)
Italiaksensa (singular translative)
Italiattaan (abessive singular)
Italiattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈit̪ɑ̝ˌliɑ̝]


Italia

Etymology tree
Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú)bor.?
Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā)der.
Latin Ītalialbor.
Old Galician-Portuguese Italia
Brazilian Portuguese Itáliabor.
Hunsrik Italia
Unadapted borrowing from Brazilian Portuguese Itália. Doublet of Italje.


Italia

desc

→ Arabic: إِيطَالِيَا (ʔīṭāliyā)

→ Arabic: إِيطَالِيَا (ʔīṭāliyā)

→ Japanese: イタリア (Itaria)

→ Korean: 이탈리아 (Itallia)

→ Maltese: Italja

→ Slavomolisano: Litalija

→ Persian: ایتالیا (itâliyâ)

Borrowed from Latin Italia, from Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú, “land of bulls”), a name for the southwestern tip of the boot of Italy; usually assumed to be a cognate of vitulus (“calf”).


Italia

la-proper noun

Ī̆talia f sg (genitive Ī̆taliae); first declension

Ī̆talia (canonical feminine singular)
Ī̆taliae (genitive)
Ī̆talia (nominative singular)
Ī̆taliae (genitive singular)
Ī̆taliae (dative singular)
Ī̆taliam (accusative singular)
Ī̆taliā (ablative singular)
Ī̆talia (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: Itàlia

→ French: Italie

desctree

→ Old Irish: Etáil
Irish: An Iodáil
Manx: Yn Iddaal
Scottish Gaelic: An Eadailt

→ Italian: Italia
→ Arabic: إِيطَالِيَا (ʔīṭāliyā)
→ Japanese: イタリア (Itaria)
→ Korean: 이탈리아 (Itallia)
→ Maltese: Italja
→ Slavomolisano: Litalija
→ Persian: ایتالیا (itâliyâ)

→ Old English: Italia

English: Italy

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Italia, Ytalia, Eytalia
Galician: Italia
Portuguese: Itália (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-West Germanic:

Old English: Eotol

→ Romanian: Italia

→ Sardinian: Itàlia

→ Sicilian: Italia, Talia, Tàlia

→ Spanish: Italia
→ Tagalog: Italya

→ Welsh: Eidal

[iːˈt̪älʲiä]

Via Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú, “land of bulls”), a name for the southwestern tip of the boot of Italy; usually assumed to be a cognate of vitulus (“calf”).

“Ītaliam nōn sponte sequor.”
“I Italy – not by my free will do I follow her.”


Italia

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
⁊ hē [Pirrus] hæfde XX elpenda tō þǣm ġefeohte mid him, þe Rōmane ǣr na ne ne ġesawon: hē wæs sē forma mon þe hīe ǣrest on Italium brōhte.

And he [Pyrrhus] had twenty elephants with him in battle, which the Romans had never seen before; he was the first man to bring them to Italy.


Italia

Italia (nominative singular)
Italii (genitive singular)
Italii (dative singular)
Italię (accusative singular)
Italią (instrumental singular)
Italii (locative singular)
Italio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ī̆talia, from Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú).

(literary) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


Italia

Italie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Italia (accusative definite nominative)
Italii (indefinite)
Italiei (definite)
Italie (vocative)
Italio (vocative)


Italia

From Latin Italia via Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú, “land of bulls”), a name for the southwestern tip of the boot of Italy; usually assumed to be a cognate of vitulus (“calf”).


Italia

→ Tagalog: Italya


Россия

head

Россия • (Rossiä)

Borrowed from Russian Росси́я f (Rossíja).

bor+

Ресей Ресей#Kazakh

alternative form of Ресей (Resei, “Russia”): Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Россия

head

Россия • (Rosśija)

Rosśija (romanization)
Россия (nominative singular)
Россия (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россияӧс (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россияӧн (instrumental singular)
Россиякӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧг (caritive singular)
Россияла (consecutive singular)
Россиялӧн (genitive singular)
Россиялысь (ablative singular)
Россиялы (dative singular)
Россияын (inessive singular)
Россияысь (elative singular)
Россияӧ (illative singular)
Россиясянь (egressive singular)
Россиялань (approximative singular)
Россияӧдз (singular terminative)
Россияӧд (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россияті (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияӧй (nominative singular)
Россияӧй (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россияӧс (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянам (instrumental singular)
Россияӧйкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгым (caritive singular)
Россияӧйла (consecutive singular)
Россияӧйлӧн (genitive singular)
Россияӧйлысь (ablative singular)
Россияӧйлы (dative singular)
Россияам (inessive singular)
Россиясьым (elative singular)
Россияам (illative singular)
Россиясяньым (egressive singular)
Россияланьым (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзым (singular terminative)
Россияӧдым (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіым (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияыд (nominative singular)
Россияыд (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиятӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянад (instrumental singular)
Россияыдкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгыд (caritive singular)
Россияыдла (consecutive singular)
Россияыдлӧн (genitive singular)
Россияыдлысь (ablative singular)
Россияыдлы (dative singular)
Россияад (inessive singular)
Россиясьыд (elative singular)
Россияад (illative singular)
Россиясяньыд (egressive singular)
Россияланьыд (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзыд (singular terminative)
Россияӧдыд (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіыд (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияыс (nominative singular)
Россияыс (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиясӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянас (instrumental singular)
Россияыскӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгыс (caritive singular)
Россияысла (consecutive singular)
Россияыслӧн (genitive singular)
Россияыслысь (ablative singular)
Россияыслы (dative singular)
Россияас (inessive singular)
Россиясьыс (elative singular)
Россияас (illative singular)
Россиясяньыс (egressive singular)
Россияланьыс (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзыс (singular terminative)
Россияӧдыс (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіыс (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияным (nominative singular)
Россияным (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиянымӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянаным (instrumental singular)
Россиянымкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгным (caritive singular)
Россиянымла (consecutive singular)
Россиянымлӧн (genitive singular)
Россиянымлысь (ablative singular)
Россиянымлы (dative singular)
Россияаным (inessive singular)
Россиясьыным (elative singular)
Россияаным (illative singular)
Россиясяньным (egressive singular)
Россияланьным (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзным (singular terminative)
Россияӧдным (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіным (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияныд (nominative singular)
Россияныд (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиянытӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянаныд (instrumental singular)
Россияныдкӧд (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгныд (caritive singular)
Россияныдла (consecutive singular)
Россияныдлӧн (genitive singular)
Россияныдлысь (ablative singular)
Россияныдлы (dative singular)
Россияаныд (inessive singular)
Россиясьыныд (elative singular)
Россияаныд (illative singular)
Россиясяньныд (egressive singular)
Россияланьныд (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзныд (singular terminative)
Россияӧдныд (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіныд (prolative prolative-ii singular)
Россияныс (nominative singular)
Россияныс (accusative accusative-i singular)
Россиянысӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
Россиянаныс (instrumental singular)
Россиянымкӧс (comitative singular)
Россиятӧгныс (caritive singular)
Россиянысла (consecutive singular)
Россияныслӧн (genitive singular)
Россияныслысь (ablative singular)
Россияныслы (dative singular)
Россияаныс (inessive singular)
Россиясьыныс (elative singular)
Россияаныс (illative singular)
Россиясяньныс (egressive singular)
Россияланьныс (approximative singular)
Россияӧдзныс (singular terminative)
Россияӧдныс (prolative prolative-i singular)
Россиятіныс (prolative prolative-ii singular)


Россия

Россия • (Rośśija)

Rośśija (romanization)
Россия (indefinite nominative singular)
Россиянь (genitive indefinite singular)
Россиянди (dative indefinite singular)
Россияда (ablative indefinite singular)
Россияса (indefinite inessive singular)
Россияста (elative indefinite singular)
Россияс (illative indefinite singular)
Россиява (indefinite prolative singular)
Россияшка (comparative indefinite singular)
Россиякс (indefinite singular translative)
Россияфтома (abessive indefinite singular)
Россиянкса (causative indefinite singular)
Россиясь (definite nominative singular)
Россиять (definite genitive singular)
Россияти (dative definite singular)
Россияттама (plural)
Россиязе (nominative possessed-single possessive)
Россиязень (genitive possessed-single possessive)
Россиязенди (dative possessed-single possessive)
Россиядон (ablative possessive)
Россиясон (inessive possessive)
Россиястон (elative possessive)
Россиязон (illative possessive)
Россияван (possessive prolative)
Россияшкан (comparative possessive)
Россияфтомон (abessive possessive)
Россияце (nominative possessed-single possessive)
Россияцень (genitive possessed-single possessive)
Россияценди (dative possessed-single possessive)
Россиядот (ablative possessive)
Россиясот (inessive possessive)
Россиястот (elative possessive)
Россиязот (illative possessive)
Россияват (possessive prolative)
Россияшкат (comparative possessive)
Россияфтомот (abessive possessive)
Россияц (nominative possessed-single possessive)
Россиянц (genitive possessed-single possessive)
Россиянцты (dative possessed-single possessive)
Россиядонза (ablative possessive)
Россиясонза (inessive possessive)
Россиястонза (elative possessive)
Россиязонза (illative possessive)
Россияванза (possessive prolative)
Россияшканза (comparative possessive)
Россияфтомонза (abessive possessive)
Россияньке (nominative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияньконь (genitive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияньконди (dative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиядонк (ablative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясонк (inessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиястонк (elative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиязонк (illative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияванк (possessed-many possessed-single possessive prolative)
Россияшканк (comparative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияфтомонк (abessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиянте (nominative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиянтень (genitive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиянтенди (dative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиядонт (ablative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясонт (inessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиястонт (elative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиязонт (illative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиявант (possessed-many possessed-single possessive prolative)
Россияшкант (comparative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияфтомонт (abessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясна (nominative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияснон (genitive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияснонды (dative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиядост (ablative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиясост (inessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиястост (elative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россиязост (illative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияваст (possessed-many possessed-single possessive prolative)
Россияшкаст (comparative possessed-many possessed-single possessive)
Россияфтомост (abessive possessed-many possessed-single possessive)

Borrowed from Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
российский — российскяй, Россиянь
rośśijskij — rośśijskäj, Rośśijań
Russian (relating to, or characteristic of Russia) [in Russian] — Russian, Russian (lit. "of Russia")

(..) марнек территориясна (кода Финляндиясь, Эстониясь, Латвиясь) или синь оцю пялькссна (Польшась) тиевсть оцязоронь Россиять моданзон эзда.
(..) maŕńek ťeŕŕitoŕijasna (koda Fińľańďijaś, Estońijaś, Latvijaś) iľi śiń oću päľkssna (Poľšaś) ťijevśť oćazoroń Rośśijať modanzon ezda.
Россиять территориянц касоманц и окраинань колонизациянь картать историческай ваномац.

N. N. BARANSKIJ (1934) SSSR-ť GEOGRAFIJAC // VASENCe PÄLKSS [USSR Geography // Part One]

Historical view of the map of Russian territorial growth and border region colonization.

Rośśijať ťeŕŕitoŕijanc kasomanc i okrajinań kolońizaćijań kartať istoŕičeskaj vanomac.

Владимир Нестеров, Минь—Россияттама!
«Минь // ванфттама // Эсь Россияньконь // фкакс: // Сяс мес минь // Россияттама! // И аф кармай лиякс!»
«Miń // vanfttama // Eś Rośśijańkoń // fkaks: // Sas mes miń // Rośśijattama ! // I af karmaj ľijaks!»
We protect our Russia equally(?) because we are Russia! And it is not going to be otherwise!


Россия

ru-proper noun+

Росси́я • (Rossíja) f inan (genitive Росси́и, relational adjective росси́йский, diminutive Россию́шка)

Росси́я (canonical)
Rossíja (romanization)
Росси́и (genitive)
росси́йский (adjective relational)
Россию́шка (diminutive)
Росси́я (nominative singular)
Росси́и (genitive singular)
Росси́и (dative singular)
Росси́ю (accusative singular)
Росси́ей (instrumental singular)
Росси́ею (instrumental singular)
Росси́и (prepositional singular)

⇒ Buryat: Росси (Rossi)

→ Erzya: Россия (Rośśija)

→ Gujarati: રશિયા (raśiyā)

→ Hindi: रशिया (raśiyā)

→ Ingush: Россе (Rosse)

→ Japanese: ロシア (Roshia)

→ Karaim: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Karachay-Balkar: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Karakalpak: Rossiya

→ Kazakh: Россия (Rossiä)

→ Komi-Zyrian: Россия (Rosśija)

→ Khakas: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Marathi: रशिया (raśiyā)

→ Moksha: Россия (Rośśija)

→ Northern Altai: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Odia: ରଶିଆ (raśiā)

→ Polish: Rosja

→ Tatar: Россия (Rossiyä)

→ Tuvan: Россия (Rossiya)

→ Udmurt: Россия (Rosśija)

→ Uzbek: Rossiya

→ Yakut: Россия (Rossiya)

Inherited from Old East Slavic Роси́ꙗ (Rosíja). It is the first known spelling of the name in Cyrillic in the ascetical treatise The Ladder of Divine Ascent by John Climacus transcribed by Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev on April 24, 1387.

inh+

в Росси́и

в Росси́ю

из Росси́и

Росси́йская Федера́ция
Российская Федерация#Russian

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia; official name: Росси́йская Федера́ция (Rossíjskaja Federácija))

Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev
John Climacus
The Ladder of Divine Ascent
ru:Россия

Новоро́ссия

New Russia, former Tsarist-era province in eastern Ukraine; proposed nationalist confederation


Россия

head

Росси́я • (Rossíya)

Росси́я (canonical)
Rossíya (romanization)

Росси́я Федера́циясе
Росси́я Федера́циясе#Tatar

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia; official name: Росси́я Федера́циясе (Rossíya Federátsiyase))


Italie

From Latin Ītalia (“Italy”), from Ancient Greek Ἰταλία (Italía).


Írland

Írland (indefinite nominative)
Írland (accusative indefinite)
Írlandi (dative indefinite)
Írlands (genitive indefinite)


Írland

is-proper noun

Írland n (proper noun, genitive singular Írlands)

Írlands (genitive singular)
Írland (indefinite nominative singular)
Írland (accusative indefinite singular)
Írlandi (dative indefinite singular)
Írlands (genitive indefinite singular)


匈牙利

/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ jä³⁵ li⁵¹/

/hʊŋ⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹ lei̯²²/

/hi̯uŋ²⁴ ŋa¹¹ li⁵⁵/

/hiʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋa¹¹ li⁵³/

/hyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ŋa⁵³⁻²¹ l̃ɛi²¹³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡa²⁴⁻²² li²²/

/hiɔŋ³³ ɡa²⁴⁻²² li⁴¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²⁴⁻¹¹ li³³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²³⁻³³ li³³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɛ¹³⁻²² li²²/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡe²⁴⁻¹¹ li³³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡe²³⁻³³ li³³/

/ɕioŋ⁵⁵ ŋa³³ li²¹/

/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ jä³⁵ li⁵¹/

/hʊŋ⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹ lei̯²²/

/hi̯uŋ²⁴ ŋa¹¹ li⁵⁵/

/hiʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋa¹¹ li⁵³/

/hyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ŋa⁵³⁻²¹ l̃ɛi²¹³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡa²⁴⁻²² li²²/

/hiɔŋ³³ ɡa²⁴⁻²² li⁴¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²⁴⁻¹¹ li³³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²³⁻³³ li³³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɛ¹³⁻²² li²²/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡe²⁴⁻¹¹ li³³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡe²³⁻³³ li³³/

/ɕioŋ⁵⁵ ŋa³³ li²¹/

Borrowed from English Hungary. Attested as early as 1844 in 萬國地理全集 by German missionary Karl Gützlaff.

匈牙利燉牛肉／匈牙利炖牛肉

匈牙利舞曲

1848, 徐繼畬 [Xu Jiyu], editor, 瀛寰志略, volume 5, page 7:

Transylvania, also known as Seven Mountains, lies to the southeast of Hungary. Its mountain ranges tower into the heavens and bear gold and iron ores. Its capital is called Hermannstadt, with a population of twenty thousand residents.

Dálángxīlǐwǎníyà yòu míng Qīshān, zài Xiōngyálì zhī dōngnán, shānlǐng gāo jì xiāohàn, chū jīn tiě kuàng, huìchéng yuē Hēimàn, jūmín èr wàn.

達郎西里瓦尼亞又名七山，在匈牙利之東南，山嶺高際霄漢，出金鐵鑛，會城曰黑曼，居民二萬。

达郎西里瓦尼亚又名七山，在匈牙利之东南，山岭高际霄汉，出金铁矿，会城曰黑曼，居民二万。


Πολωνία

head

Πολωνία • (Polonía) f

Polonía (romanization)
Πολωνία (nominative singular)
Πολωνίας (genitive singular)
Πολωνία (accusative singular)
Πολωνία (singular vocative)


Polsko

cs-proper noun

Polsko n (related adjective polský, demonym Polák, female demonym Polka)

polský (adjective)
Polák (demonym)
Polka (demonym feminine)
Polsko (nominative singular)
Polska (genitive singular)
Polsku (dative singular)
Polsko (accusative singular)
Polsko (singular vocative)
Polsku (locative singular)
Polskem (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Polish Polska, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *pȍľe (“field”). By surface analysis, Pol(ák) (“Pole”) + -sko.


Polsko

Borrowed from Polish Polska.
*IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: /ˈpɔl.skɔ/
* Rhymes: -ɔlskɔ
* Syllabification: Pol‧sko

szl-pr

Polsko Republika
Polsko Republika#Silesian

Poland (a country in Central Europe; official name: Polsko Republika)


Franța

Franță (accusative indefinite nominative)
Franța (accusative definite nominative)
Franțe (indefinite)
Franței (definite)
Franță (vocative)
Franțo (vocative)


Irsko

cs-proper noun

Irsko n (related adjective irský, demonym Ir, female demonym Irka)

irský (adjective)
Ir (demonym)
Irka (demonym feminine)
Irsko (nominative singular)
Irska (genitive singular)
Irsku (dative singular)
Irsko (accusative singular)
Irsko (singular vocative)
Irsku (locative singular)
Irskem (instrumental singular)

Ireland (an island and country in Western Europe; capital: Dublin)


Řecko

Řecko n (related adjective řecký, demonym Řek, female demonym Řekyně)

řecký (adjective)
Řek (demonym)
Řekyně (demonym feminine)
Řecko (nominative singular)
Řecka (genitive singular)
Řecku (dative singular)
Řecko (accusative singular)
Řecko (singular vocative)
Řecku (locative singular)
Řeckem (instrumental singular)

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Greece (a country in Southeast Europe; official name: Řecká republika)


Albánie

Albánie f (related adjective albánský, demonym Albánec, female demonym Albánka)

albánský (adjective)
Albánec (demonym)
Albánka (demonym feminine)
Albánie (nominative singular)
Albánie (genitive singular)
Albánii (dative singular)
Albánii (accusative singular)
Albánie (singular vocative)
Albánii (locative singular)
Albánií (instrumental singular)

Albánská republika
Albánská republika#Czech

Albania (a country in Southeast Europe; official name: Albánská republika)


Francie

Francie f (related adjective francouzský, demonym Francouz, female demonym Francouzka)

francouzský (adjective)
Francouz (demonym)
Francouzka (demonym feminine)
Francie (nominative singular)
Francie (genitive singular)
Francii (dative singular)
Francii (accusative singular)
Francie (singular vocative)
Francii (locative singular)
Francií (instrumental singular)

Francouzská republika
Francouzská republika#English

France (a country in Western Europe; official name: Francouzská republika)


Německo

Německo n (related adjective německý, demonym Němec, female demonym Němka)

německý (adjective)
Němec (demonym)
Němka (demonym feminine)
Německo (nominative singular)
Německa (genitive singular)
Německu (dative singular)
Německo (accusative singular)
Německo (singular vocative)
Německu (locative singular)
Německem (instrumental singular)

Spolková republika Německo
Spolková republika Německo#English

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany; official name: Spolková republika Německo)


ローマ

ja-pos

ローマ • (Rōma)

From Italian Roma, possibly via Portuguese Roma.

ja:ローマ (曖昧さ回避)


Itävalta

Itävalta (nominative singular)
Itävalta (accusative nominative singular)
Itävallan (accusative genitive singular)
Itävallan (genitive singular)
Itävaltaa (partitive singular)
Itävallassa (inessive singular)
Itävallasta (elative singular)
Itävaltaan (illative singular)
Itävallalla (adessive singular)
Itävallalta (ablative singular)
Itävallalle (allative singular)
Itävaltana (essive singular)
Itävallaksi (singular translative)
Itävallatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Itävaltani (nominative singular)
Itävaltani (accusative nominative singular)
Itävaltani (accusative genitive singular)
Itävaltani (genitive singular)
Itävaltaani (partitive singular)
Itävallassani (inessive singular)
Itävallastani (elative singular)
Itävaltaani (illative singular)
Itävallallani (adessive singular)
Itävallaltani (ablative singular)
Itävallalleni (allative singular)
Itävaltanani (essive singular)
Itävallakseni (singular translative)
Itävallattani (abessive singular)
Itävaltasi (nominative singular)
Itävaltasi (accusative nominative singular)
Itävaltasi (accusative genitive singular)
Itävaltasi (genitive singular)
Itävaltaasi (partitive singular)
Itävallassasi (inessive singular)
Itävallastasi (elative singular)
Itävaltaasi (illative singular)
Itävallallasi (adessive singular)
Itävallaltasi (ablative singular)
Itävallallesi (allative singular)
Itävaltanasi (essive singular)
Itävallaksesi (singular translative)
Itävallattasi (abessive singular)
Itävaltamme (nominative singular)
Itävaltamme (accusative nominative singular)
Itävaltamme (accusative genitive singular)
Itävaltamme (genitive singular)
Itävaltaamme (partitive singular)
Itävallassamme (inessive singular)
Itävallastamme (elative singular)
Itävaltaamme (illative singular)
Itävallallamme (adessive singular)
Itävallaltamme (ablative singular)
Itävallallemme (allative singular)
Itävaltanamme (essive singular)
Itävallaksemme (singular translative)
Itävallattamme (abessive singular)
Itävaltanne (nominative singular)
Itävaltanne (accusative nominative singular)
Itävaltanne (accusative genitive singular)
Itävaltanne (genitive singular)
Itävaltaanne (partitive singular)
Itävallassanne (inessive singular)
Itävallastanne (elative singular)
Itävaltaanne (illative singular)
Itävallallanne (adessive singular)
Itävallaltanne (ablative singular)
Itävallallenne (allative singular)
Itävaltananne (essive singular)
Itävallaksenne (singular translative)
Itävallattanne (abessive singular)
Itävaltansa (nominative singular)
Itävaltansa (accusative nominative singular)
Itävaltansa (accusative genitive singular)
Itävaltansa (genitive singular)
Itävaltaansa (partitive singular)
Itävallassaan (inessive singular)
Itävallassansa (inessive singular)
Itävallastaan (elative singular)
Itävallastansa (elative singular)
Itävaltaansa (illative singular)
Itävallallaan (adessive singular)
Itävallallansa (adessive singular)
Itävallaltaan (ablative singular)
Itävallaltansa (ablative singular)
Itävallalleen (allative singular)
Itävallallensa (allative singular)
Itävaltanaan (essive singular)
Itävaltanansa (essive singular)
Itävallakseen (singular translative)
Itävallaksensa (singular translative)
Itävallattaan (abessive singular)
Itävallattansa (abessive singular)

/ˈitæˌʋɑltɑ/

[ˈit̪æˌʋɑ̝l̪t̪ɑ̝]

Calque of German Österreich: itä (“east”) + valta (“power; country”). See also Yhdysvallat.


瑞典

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯²² tiːn³⁵/

/suɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tiɛn³¹/

/sui²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ³³/

/sui²²⁻²¹ tiɛn⁵³/

/sui⁴¹⁻²² tiɛn⁵⁵⁴/

/sui²²⁻²¹ tiɛn⁵³/

/sui³³⁻¹¹ tiɛn⁵³/

/sui³³⁻²¹ tiɛn⁴¹/

/sui³⁵⁻¹¹ tieŋ⁵²/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯²² tiːn³⁵/

/suɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tiɛn³¹/

/sui²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ³³/

/sui²²⁻²¹ tiɛn⁵³/

/sui⁴¹⁻²² tiɛn⁵⁵⁴/

/sui²²⁻²¹ tiɛn⁵³/

/sui³³⁻¹¹ tiɛn⁵³/

/sui³³⁻²¹ tiɛn⁴¹/

/sui³⁵⁻¹¹ tieŋ⁵²/

From English Sweden, borrowed through a southern Chinese variety (where 瑞 is pronounced with an s- initial), or an earlier stage of Mandarin. See also 瑞士 (Ruìshì).

1838, Karl Gützlaff, 古今萬國綱鑑, volume 19, Singapore: 堅夏書院, page 87:

Dàní zú qǐ gēngtián, zhǒng wǔgǔ jí ānfèn, guó zhě yǔ Ruìdiǎn dìfāng héhé, wéi Dàní wáng xíng nüèzhèng, Ruìdiǎn mín fǎnpàn yān.

大尼族起耕田，種五穀及安分，國者與瑞典地方和合，惟大尼王行虐政，瑞典民反叛焉。

大尼族起耕田，种五谷及安分，国者与瑞典地方和合，惟大尼王行虐政，瑞典民反叛焉。

1841, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, Chinese Chrestomathy in the Canton Dialect, Macao: S.W. Williams, page 411:

Sweden and Norway, of which Charles XIV. is king.

seoi⁶ din² no⁵ waa⁴ loeng⁵ gwok³ ze² wong⁴ hou⁶ zaa¹ lei⁵ dai⁶ sap⁶ sei³ cyun⁴

瑞典那華兩國者王號揸理第十四傳

瑞典那华两国者王号揸理第十四传


アイスランド

Kore Yamazaki, “第3篇 The Balance distinguishes not between gold and lead. [Composition 3: The Balance distinguishes not between gold and lead.]”, in [魔法使いの嫁](The Ancient Magus Bride) [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 98:

Iceland, a volcanic island in the Arctic Ocean.

北極海に浮かぶ火山島アイスランド


Հայաստան

Hayastan (romanization)
Հայաստան (nominative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանի (dative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հայաստանում (locative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հայաստանին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հայաստանս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հայաստանդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հայաստանումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հայաստանը/Հայաստանն

Հայաստանները/Հայաստաններն

Հայաստանների

Հայաստաններին

Հայաստաններից

Հայաստաններով

Հայաստաններում

Հայաստաններս

Հայաստաններիս

Հայաստաններիցս

Հայաստաններովս

Հայաստանումս

Հայաստաններումս

Հայաստաններդ

Հայաստաններիդ

Հայաստաններիցդ

Հայաստաններովդ

Հայաստանումդ

Հայաստաններումդ

→⇒ New Latin: hajastanus

→⇒ Quechua: Hayasuyu

Hy-Հայաստան.ogg

From Old Armenian Հայաստան (Hayastan). By surface analysis, հայ (hay) + -աստան (-astan).

surf

Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


スペイン

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Մալթա

head

Մալթա • (Maltʻa)

hy-proper noun

Մալթա • (Maltʻa)

Maltʻa (romanization)
Մալթա (nominative singular singular-only)
Մալթայի (dative singular singular-only)
Մալթայից (ablative singular singular-only)
Մալթայով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Մալթայում (locative singular singular-only)
Մալթան (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Մալթային (dative definite singular singular-only)
Մալթաս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Մալթայիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Մալթայիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Մալթայովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Մալթայումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Մալթադ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մալթայիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մալթայիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մալթայովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Մալթայումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Մալթաները/Մալթաներն

Մալթաներումս

Մալթաներումդ

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Polônia

Brazilian Portuguese standard spelling of Polónia.: Poland (a country in Central Europe)


Estland

Estonia (a country in Northern Europe; capital: Tallinn)


Estland

nl-proper noun

Estland n (adjective Ests, demonym Est m or Estse f)

Ests (adjective)
Est (demonym masculine)
Estse (demonym feminine)


Estland

Estland (indefinite nominative)
Estland (accusative indefinite)
Estlandi (dative indefinite)
Estlands (genitive indefinite)


Estland

de-proper noun

Estland n (proper noun, genitive Estlands or (optionally with an article) Estland)

Estlands (genitive)
Estland (genitive with-article)

Russian: Эстляндия (Estljandija)

Perhaps from Medieval Latin Aestland (attested in Adam of Bremen), from the name of the Aestii tribe (see Wikipedia). But see Eesti for other possibilities.


Great Britain

Of the island of Great Britain, to disambiguate Britain from Brittany, i.e. Lesser Britain. From Middle English Great Brittaigne, Grete Britaigne, Grete breteygne, grete Bretayne, grete breteyne, parallelling Anglo-Norman Grande Brettayne and c. 12th-century Medieval Latin Britannia Maior. Equivalent to Great + Britain.
King James VI and I in 1604 proclaimed himself “King of Great Britain, France and Ireland”.

Kingdom of Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain

(historical or loosely) The United Kingdom, or its predecessor the Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1801).

Groot-Brittanje

United Kingdom — see also United Kingdom, Kingdom of Great Britain


Norge

From Old Norse Noregr, Norvegr, derived from norðr (from Proto-Germanic *nurþrą) and vegr (from Proto-Germanic *wegaz).

Norway (a country in Northern Europe; capital and largest city: Oslo)


Norge

→⇒ Russian: норг (norg)

From Old Norse Noregr, Norvegr, from both norðr (“north”), from Proto-Germanic *nurþrą (“north, northern”), from *nurþraz (“north, northern”), from Pre-Germanic *h₁nŕ̥t(e)ros, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ner- (“inner, under”), from *h₁en (“in”) + and from vegr (“way, road”), from Proto-Germanic *wegaz (“way, path”), from Pre-Germanic *weǵʰ-o-s, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring, transport”). Compare Norwegian Nynorsk Noreg, Danish Norge and Swedish Norge.


Russland

Russland (indefinite nominative)
Russland (accusative indefinite)
Russlandi (dative indefinite)
Russlands (genitive indefinite)

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Russland

de-proper noun

Russland n (proper noun, genitive Russlands or (optionally with an article) Russland)

Russlands (genitive)
Russland (genitive with-article)
Russland (nominative singular)
Russlands (genitive singular)
Russland (dative singular)
Russland (accusative singular)

Compound of Russe (“Russian (person)”) + Land (“country”).


Nederlandene

Definite plural form, probably from Older Dutch Nederlanden.

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


フランス

[ɸɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃sɨ]

Either directly borrowed from French France, or indirectly from English France.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:フランス
ja:松村明


Cymru

From Middle Welsh Kymry, from Proto-Brythonic *kömroɣ, from Proto-Celtic *kom- (associative prefix) + *mrogis (“region, country”). By surface analysis, cyn (“with, together”) + bro (“country”). Cognate with English Cumbria and Cambria.


Éire

Éireann (genitive)
nominative (indefinite)
Éire (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a Éire (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
Éireann (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
Éirinn (indefinite singular)
nominative (definite)
an Éire (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na hÉireann (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an Éirinn (definite singular)
don Éirinn (definite singular)
Éire
nÉire
hÉire

From Old Irish Ériu, probably, although the É is unexpected and unexplained, from Proto-Celtic *Φīweriyū.


Sverige

[ˈsʋ̥aɐ̯ˀjə]

From Old Norse Svíaríki, from Svía (“of Swedes”) + ríki (“kingdom”). Cognate with Swedish Sverige, Old English Swēorīċe.

Sweden (a country in Northern Europe; capital and largest city: Stockholm)


Sverige

Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Europe)


Sverige

From svea (“of the Swedes”) + rike (“realm”). From Old Swedish Sverghe, Sverighe, Sverike, Sværike. Doublet of Svea rike.

Sverige är ett land som ligger på Skandinaviska halvön i Nordeuropa

Sweden is a country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe

Sverige gränsar till Norge i väster, Finland i öster och Danmark i söder

Sweden borders Norway to the west, Finland to the east, and Denmark to the south


Grecia

Borrowed from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós).


Grecia

Learned borrowing from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós).

República Helénica
República Helénica#Galician

Greece (a country in Southeast Europe; official name: República Helénica)


Grecia

Grecie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Grecia (accusative definite nominative)
Grecii (indefinite)
Greciei (definite)
Grecie (vocative)
Grecio (vocative)

Borrowed from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós). Equivalent to grec + -ia. Compare Aromanian Gãrtsia.


Grecia

[ˈɡr̺ɛː.ʃʲɑ̝]

[ˈɡr̺ɛː.ɕɑ̝]


Deutschland

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Deutschland.wav

Unadapted borrowing from German Deutschland.

ubor

1993 May 23, Daniel Van Der Weide, “Taking a Harley to Deutschland?”, in rec.motorcycles.harley (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-05:

1997 July 22, Dwight Johnson, “Transfer of $ to Deutschland”, in de.etc.finanz (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-05:

1999 July 15, Rob Strickland, “Moving to Deutschland”, in soc.culture.german (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-05:

1999 November 11, jeff freeman, “trip to deutschland?”, in alt.autos.porsche (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-05:

2002 May 15, Skriptis, “I don't see how hese topics are related to Deutschland and its culture??”, in soc.culture.german (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-05:

Federal Republic of Germany
Federal Republic of Germany#English

(rare) Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany; official name: Federal Republic of Germany; capital and largest city: Berlin).


Bosnia

Bosnjë

northern part of the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, a geographic and historical entity

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina

The northern three-fourths of the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as a geographic and historical entity, not an administrative unit.


Bosnia

la-proper noun

Bosnia f sg (genitive Bosniae); first declension

Bosniae (genitive)
Bosnia (nominative singular)
Bosniae (genitive singular)
Bosniae (dative singular)
Bosniam (accusative singular)
Bosniā (ablative singular)
Bosnia (singular vocative)


Slowenien

de-proper noun

Slowenien n (proper noun, genitive Sloweniens or (optionally with an article) Slowenien)

Sloweniens (genitive)
Slowenien (genitive with-article)
Slowenien (definite nominative singular)
Sloweniens (definite genitive singular)
Slowenien (definite genitive singular with-article)
Slowenien (dative definite singular)
Slowenien (accusative definite singular)

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Belgique

→ Persian: بلژیک (belžik)

→ Ottoman Turkish: بلچیقه (belçika)

> Turkish: Belçika (inherited)

→ Azerbaijani: Belçika

→ Crimean Tatar: Belçika

→ Central Kurdish: بەلجیکا (belcîka)

→ Arabic: بِلْجِيكَا (biljīkā)

Originally an adjective, borrowed from Latin Belgicus; morphologically, from Belge + -ique. Noun use arose by ellipsis of province belgique.

Royaume de Belgique
Royaume de Belgique#English

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France; official name: Royaume de Belgique)


Belgique

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Österreich

Österreich n (proper noun, genitive Österreichs or (optionally with an article) Österreich)

Österreichs (genitive)
Österreich (genitive with-article)

→ Japanese: オーストリー (Ōsutorī)

[ˈøːstəˌʁaɪç]

[ˈøːstɛˌɾɛɪ̯ç]

From Middle High German Osteriche, from Old High German Ostarrîchi (attested since 996); a compound of an element meaning "east" (cognate to modern German Ost (“east”)) and rīhhi (“realm”) (modern German Reich (“realm”)).


Danemark

→ Persian: دانمارک (dânmârk)

il y a quelque chose de pourri au royaume du Danemark


Aserbaidschan

Aserbaidschan n (proper noun, genitive Aserbaidschans or (optionally with an article) Aserbaidschan)

Aserbaidschans (genitive)
Aserbaidschan (genitive with-article)

/ˌazɛʁbaɪ̯ˈd͡ʒaːn/

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Autriche

→ Persian: اتریش (otriš)

→ Northern Kurdish: Otrîş

→ Lao: ໂອຕຣິດ (ʼōt rit)

→ Khmer: អូទ្រីស (ʼoutriih)

→ Mauritian Creole: Otrish

From Middle French Aust(e)riche, Ost(e)riche, from Old French Ostriche (ca. 1200), from Middle High German Ōsterīche, from Old High German Ōstarrīhhi (literally “eastern realm”).


Autriche

(Jersey) Austria (a country in Central Europe)


Dänemark

de-proper noun

Dänemark n (proper noun, genitive Dänemarks or (optionally with an article) Dänemark)

Dänemarks (genitive)
Dänemark (genitive with-article)
Dänemark (nominative singular)
Dänemarks (genitive singular)
Dänemark (dative singular)
Dänemark (accusative singular)


Belgien

Belgien n (proper noun, genitive Belgiens or (optionally with an article) Belgien)

Belgiens (genitive)
Belgien (genitive with-article)


Frankreich

Frankreich n (proper noun, genitive Frankreichs or (optionally with an article) Frankreich)

Frankreichs (genitive)
Frankreich (genitive with-article)

/ˈfʁaŋkʁaɪ̯ç/


Frankreich

By surface analysis, Frank (“Frank”) + Reich (“realm”).
Compare German Frankreich and Luxembourgish Frankräich.

surf

Sie leve jetz in Frankreich.


Albanien

de-proper noun

Albanien n (proper noun, genitive Albaniens or (optionally with an article) Albanien)

Albaniens (genitive)
Albanien (genitive with-article)
Albanien (nominative singular)
Albaniens (genitive singular)
Albanien (dative singular)
Albanien (accusative singular)


Albanien

From Middle French Albanien, from Old French Albanie (“Albania”), from Medieval Latin Albania, from Vulgar Latin Albanus (“Albanian”), from Ancient Greek Ἀλβανοί (Albanoí, “a southern Illyrian tribe”).


Armenien

Armenien er et land i Kaukasus.

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Armenien

de-proper noun

Armenien n (proper noun, genitive Armeniens or (optionally with an article) Armenien)

Armeniens (genitive)
Armenien (genitive with-article)
Armenien (nominative singular)
Armeniens (genitive singular)
Armenien (dative singular)
Armenien (accusative singular)


Armenien

From Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more. The Old Persian name is an exonym: see հայ (hay) for the native name.


Польща

uk-proper noun

По́льща • (Pólʹšča) f inan (genitive По́льщі, uncountable)

По́льща (canonical)
Pólʹšča (romanization)
По́льщі (genitive)
По́льща (nominative singular)
По́льщі (genitive singular)
По́льщі (dative singular)
По́льщу (accusative singular)
По́льщею (instrumental singular)
По́льщі (locative singular)
По́льще (singular vocative)

[ˈpɔlʲʃt͡ʃɐ]

By surface analysis, поля́к (polják) + -ща (-šča).


Weißrussland

de-proper noun

Weißrussland n (proper noun, genitive Weißrusslands or (optionally with an article) Weißrussland)

Weißrusslands (genitive)
Weißrussland (genitive with-article)
Weißrussland (nominative singular)
Weißrusslands (genitive singular)
Weißrussland (dative singular)
Weißrussland (accusative singular)

From weiß (“white”) + Russland (“Russia”), a calque of Russian Белору́ссия (Belorússija). Cognate with Dutch Wit-Rusland, Afrikaans Wit-Rusland, German Low German Wittrussland, Alemannic German Wiissrussland, English White Russia, Danish Hviderusland, Faroese Hvítarussland, Swedish Vitryssland, Norwegian Bokmål Hviterussland, Norwegian Nynorsk Kviterussland, Icelandic Hvíta-Rússland, Limburgish Wit-Rusland, among others.


Francia

la-proper noun

Francia f sg (genitive Franciae); first declension

Franciae (genitive)
Francia (nominative singular)
Franciae (genitive singular)
Franciae (dative singular)
Franciam (accusative singular)
Franciā (ablative singular)
Francia (singular vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian

Corsican: Francia

Italian: Francia

Neapolitan: Franza

Sicilian: Francia

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: França

Franco-Provençal: France

Occitan: França

desctree

Old French: France, france (manuscript form)
Middle French: France
French: France (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle English: Fraunce, France
English: France (see there for further descendants)
Scots: Fraunce
→ Breton: Frañs
Norman: France, Fraunce (continental Normandy)
Picard: France
Walloon: France

Rhaeto-Romance

desc

Romansch: Frantscha, Frontscha, Fràntscha, Frauntscha

Sardinian: Frantza

West Iberian

Extremaduran: Francia

Navarro-Aragonese:

Aragonese: Franzia

Old Leonese:

Asturian: Francia

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: França
Portuguese: França

Old Spanish:

Spanish: Francia (see there for further descendants)

→ Armenian: Ֆրանսիա (Fransia)

→ Basque: Frantzia

→ English: Francia

→ French: Francie

→ Middle Irish: Frainc

Irish: An Fhrainc

Manx: Yn Rank

Scottish Gaelic: An Fhraing

→ Maltese: Franza

→ Polish: Francja
→ Belarusian: Фра́нцыя (Fráncyja)
→ Russian: Фра́нция (Fráncija), Фра́нція (Fráncija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Bashkir: Франция (Frantsiya)
→ Bulgarian: Франция (Francija)
→ Ingrian: Frantsia
→ Kazakh: Франция (Fransiä)
→ Kyrgyz: Франция (Frantsiya)
→ Macedonian: Франција (Francija)
⇒ Mongolian: Франц (Franc), франц (franc)
→ Slovene: Francija
→ Tatar: Франция (Frantsiyä)
→ Turkmen: Fransiýa
→ Uyghur: فرانسىيە (fransiye)
→ Uzbek: Fransiya
→ Ukrainian: Фра́нція (Fráncija)

→ Welsh: Ffrainc

[ˈfrän̠ʲt͡ʃiä]

(New Latin) France (a country in Western Europe)


Francia

→ Tagalog: Pransiya

→⇒ Ye'kwana: Judansianña


Rumania

From Dutch Roemenië, Spanish Rumania, from Romanian România, from New Latin Rōmānia, from Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Rhōmāníā).


Slovenija

sh-proper noun

Slòvēnija f (Cyrillic spelling Сло̀ве̄нија)

Slòvēnija (canonical feminine)
Сло̀ве̄нија (Cyrillic)
Slovenija (nominative singular)
Slovenije (genitive singular)
Sloveniji (dative singular)
Sloveniju (accusative singular)
Slovenijo (singular vocative)
Slovenija (singular vocative)
Sloveniji (locative singular)
Slovenijom (instrumental singular)


Slovenija

Slovẹ́nija (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Slovénija (nominative singular)
Slovénije (genitive singular)
Slovéniji (dative singular)
Slovénijo (accusative singular)
Slovéniji (locative singular)
Slovénijo (instrumental singular)


אוקראינה

he-proper noun

אוּקְרָאִינָה

אוּקְרָאִינָה • (ukraína) f

אוּקְרָאִינָה (canonical)
ukraína (romanization)

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Украйна

bg-proper noun

Укра́йна • (Ukrájna) f (relational adjective украи́нски)

Укра́йна (canonical)
Ukrájna (romanization)
украи́нски (adjective relational)
Укра́йна (indefinite singular)
Укра́йно (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina, “borderland”).


Україна

head

Украї́на • (Ukrajína) f

Украї́на (canonical)
Ukrajína (romanization)

From Old Ruthenian украина, вкраина, украйна (ukraina, vkraina, ukrajna, “borderland, land”), from Old East Slavic оукраина f (ukraina, “borderland, boundary”), from Proto-Slavic *ukrajina.

inh

украина, вкраина, украйна

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe; capital and largest city: Kyiv)


Україна

head

Україна (Ukrajina) f (related adjective українски)

Ukrajina (romanization)
українски (adjective)
Україна (nominative singular)
України (genitive singular)
України (dative singular)
Україну (accusative singular)
Україну (instrumental singular)
України (locative singular)
Україно (singular vocative)

Ultimately from Old East Slavic украина (ukraina, “borderland”).


Україна

uk-proper noun

Украї́на<sg>

украї́нський

Украї́на • (Ukrajína) f inan (genitive Украї́ни, uncountable, relational adjective украї́нський)

Украї́на (canonical)
Ukrajína (romanization)
Украї́ни (genitive)
украї́нський (adjective relational)
Украї́на (nominative singular)
Украї́ни (genitive singular)
Украї́ні (dative singular)
Украї́ну (accusative singular)
Украї́ною (instrumental singular)
Украї́ні (locative singular)
Украї́но (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

Украї́на<sg>

desc

→ Ainu: ウㇰライナ

→ Ainu: ウㇰライナ

→ Catalan: Ucraïna

→ Czech: Ukrajina

→ Finnish: Ukraina

→ French: Ukraine

→ Indonesian: Ukraina

→ Japanese: ウクライナ (Ukuraina)

→ Karakalpak: Ukraina

→ Korean: 우크라이나 (ukeuraina)

→ Maori: Ūkareinga

→ Slovak: Ukrajina

→ Yiddish: אוקראַיִנע (ukraine)

From Old Ruthenian украина, вкраина, украйна (ukraina, vkraina, ukrajna, “borderland, in a/the land, land”), from Old East Slavic оукраина f (ukraina, “borderland, boundary, in a/the land”), from Proto-Slavic *ukrajina.

inh

украина, вкраина, украйна

в Украї́ні, на Вкраї́ні ― v Ukrajíni, na Vkrajíni ― in Ukraine

в Украї́ну ― v Ukrajínu ― to Ukraine

з Украї́ни

Ukrajínsʹka Radjánsʹka Socijalistýčna Respúblika

Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціялісти́чна Респу́бліка

Ukrajínsʹka Radjánsʹka Socialistýčna Respúblika

Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка


Украина

Ukraina (romanization)
Украина (absolute singular-only)
Украинаның (definite genitive singular-only)
Украина (dative singular-only)
Украинаны (accusative definite singular-only)
Украинала (locative singular-only)
Украинанан (ablative singular-only)

Borrowed from Russian Украи́на (Ukraína, “Ukraine”).

Украинаға хакер һөжүмдәре.
Ukrainağa xaker höjümdəre.
Hacker attacks on Ukraine.


Украина

head

Украина • (Ukraina) (Arabic spelling ۇقراىنا)

Ukraina (romanization)
ۇقراىنا (Arabic)
Украина (nominative singular)
Украинанын (genitive singular)
Украинага (dative singular)
Украинаны (accusative singular)
Украинада (locative singular)
Украинадан (ablative singular)
Украинам (first-person nominative singular)
Украинамдын (first-person genitive singular)
Украинама (dative first-person singular)
Украинамды (accusative first-person singular)
Украинамда (first-person locative singular)
Украинамдан (ablative first-person singular)
Украинаң (informal nominative second-person singular)
Украинаңдын (genitive informal second-person singular)
Украинаңа (dative informal second-person singular)
Украинаңды (accusative informal second-person singular)
Украинаңда (informal locative second-person singular)
Украинаңдан (ablative informal second-person singular)
Украинаңыз (formal nominative second-person singular)
Украинаңыздын (formal genitive second-person singular)
Украинаңызга (dative formal second-person singular)
Украинаңызды (accusative formal second-person singular)
Украинаңызда (formal locative second-person singular)
Украинаңыздан (ablative formal second-person singular)

Borrowed from Russian Украи́на (Ukraína).


Украина

mk-proper noun

Украина • (Ukraina) f (relational adjective украински)

Ukraina (romanization)
украински (adjective relational)
Украина (indefinite singular)
Украино (singular vocative)


Украина

ru-proper noun+

Украи́на or Укра́ина • (Ukraína or Ukráina) f inan (genitive Украи́ны or Укра́ины, relational adjective украи́нский)

Украи́на (canonical)
Укра́ина (canonical)
Ukraína (romanization)
Ukráina (romanization)
Украи́ны (genitive)
Укра́ины (genitive)
украи́нский (adjective relational)
Украи́на (nominative singular)
Укра́ина (nominative singular)
Украи́ны (genitive singular)
Укра́ины (genitive singular)
Украи́не (dative singular)
Укра́ине (dative singular)
Украи́ну (accusative singular)
Укра́ину (accusative singular)
Украи́ной (instrumental singular)
Украи́ною (instrumental singular)
Укра́иной (instrumental singular)
Укра́иною (instrumental singular)
Украи́не (prepositional singular)
Укра́ине (prepositional singular)
Украи́на (dated nominative singular)
Укра́ина (dated nominative singular)
Украи́ны (dated genitive singular)
Укра́ины (dated genitive singular)
Украи́нѣ (dated dative singular)
Укра́инѣ (dated dative singular)
Украи́ну (accusative dated singular)
Укра́ину (accusative dated singular)
Украи́ной (dated instrumental singular)
Украи́ною (dated instrumental singular)
Укра́иной (dated instrumental singular)
Укра́иною (dated instrumental singular)
Украи́нѣ (dated prepositional singular)
Укра́инѣ (dated prepositional singular)

desc

→ Ainu: ウㇰライナ

→ Ainu: ウㇰライナ

→ Avar: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Bashkir: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Buryat: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Catalan: Ucraïna

→ Chinese: 烏克蘭／乌克兰 (Wūkèlán)

→ Vietnamese: Ô Khắc Lan

→ Chuvash: Украина (Ukraina)

desctree

→ English: Ukraine, Ukrain, Ukrainia, Ukrania, Ucrania (all obsolete)
→ Assamese: ইউক্ৰেইন (iukrein)
→ Bengali: ইউক্রেন (iukren)
→ Cherokee: ᏯᎧᏪᏂ (yakaweni), ᏳᎬᎳᎢᏅ (yugvlainv)
→ Chinese: 烏克蘭／乌克兰 (Wūkèlán)
→ Vietnamese: Ô Khắc Lan
→ Dhivehi: ޔުކްރެއިން (yuk̊rein̊)
→ Gujarati: યૂક્રેઇન (yūkreina)
→ Hawaiian: ʻUkelena
→ Hindi: यूक्रेन (yūkren)
→ Kannada: ಯುಕ್ರೇನ್ (yukrēn)
→ Malay: Ukraine
→ Malayalam: യുക്രെയിൻ (yukreyiṉ)
→ Maori: Ūkareinga
→ Marathi: युक्रेन (yukren)
→ Nepali: युक्रेन (yukrena)
→ Odia: ୟୁକ୍ରେନ (yukrena)
→ Punjabi: ਯੂਕ੍ਰੇਨ (yūkren)
→ Samoan: 'Iukureini
→ Sinhalese: යුක්රේන් (yukrēn)
→ Telugu: ఉక్రెయిన్ (ukreyin)
→ Thai: ยูเครน (yuu-kreen)
→ Tigrinya: ዩክረይን (yukräyn)
→ Tongan: ʻIukuleini
→ Ukrainian: Юкре́йн (Jukréjn)
→ Urdu: یُوکْرین (yūkren)
→ Yoruba: Yukíréènì

→ French: Ukraine

→ Finnish: Ukraina

→ Ingrian: Ukraina

→ Kabardian: Украинэ (Wukrajinɛ)

→ Karachay-Balkar: Украина (Ukraina)

desc

→ Kazakh: Украинӕ

→ Kazakh: Украинӕ

→ Komi-Permyak: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Komi-Zyrian: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Korean: 우크라이나 (ukeuraina)

→ Kyrgyz: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Mongolian:

Cyrillic script: Украин (Ukrain), Украйн (Ukrajn), украин (ukrain), украйн (ukrajn)

ᠦᠺᠷᠠᠶᠢᠨ (ükrayin)

Mongolian script: ᠤᠻᠷᠠᠶᠢᠨ (ukrayin), ᠦᠺᠷᠠᠶᠢᠨ (ükrayin)

→ Ossetian: Украинӕ (Ukrainæ)

→ Tatar: Украина (Uqraina)

→ Tuvan: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Uyghur:

Cyrillic script: Украина (Ukraina)

Arabic script: ئۇكرائىنا (ukra'ina)

→ Yakut: Украина (Ukraina)

→ Vietnamese: U-crai-na

Ru-Украина.ogg

Inherited from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina, “borderland”), from Proto-Slavic *ukrajina. By surface analysis, у- (u-) + край (kraj) + -ина (-ina).

surf

в Украи́не

in Ukraine (preferred in Ukraine, now also used by many Russians [borrowing from Ukrainian])

на Украи́не


Украина

Uqraina (romanization)
Украина (nominative)
Украинаның (genitive)
Украинага (dative)
Украинаны (accusative)
Украинада (locative)
Украинадан (ablative)


ألمانيا

ar-proper noun

أَلْمَانِيَا

أَلْمَانِيَا • (ʔalmāniyā) f

أَلْمَانِيَا (canonical)
ʔalmāniyā (romanization)
أَلْمَانِيَا (definite informal invariable singular)
أَلْمَانِيَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
أَلْمَانِيَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
أَلْمَانِيَا (definite genitive invariable singular)

ar-decl-noun

أَلْمَانِيَا

From Spanish Alemania, from Latin Alamannī (“all men”), an ancient conglomeration of Teutonic tribes.


ألمانيا

ajp-proper noun

ألمانيا • (ʔalṃānya) f

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic أَلْمَانِيَا (ʔalmāniyā).

slbor

أَلْمَانِيَا


Finnland

de-proper noun

Finnland n (proper noun, genitive Finnlands or (optionally with an article) Finnland)

Finnlands (genitive)
Finnland (genitive with-article)

From Old Norse Finnland, equivalent to Finne + Land.


Tyskland

From tysk (“German”) + land (“land”). Compare Norwegian, Swedish Tyskland, German Deutschland and Dutch Duitsland.

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Tyskland

Compound of tysk (“German”) + land (“land”), where tysk share the same origin as English Teuton.
Compare Danish, Norwegian Tyskland, German Deutschland and Dutch Duitsland.


Österrike

Calque of German Österreich, equivalent to öster (“east”) + rike (“realm, kingdom, country”).


Vitryssland

From vit (“white”) + Ryssland (“Russia”), a calque of Belarusian Белару́сь (Bjelarúsʹ). Cognate with Danish Hviderusland, Faroese Hvítarussland, Norwegian Bokmål Hviterussland, Norwegian Nynorsk Kviterussland, Icelandic Hvíta-Rússland, German Weißrussland, Dutch Wit-Rusland, Afrikaans Wit-Rusland, English White Russia, Limburgish Wit-Rusland, Alemannic German Wiissrussland, among others.


Spanien

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Spanien

de-proper noun

Spanien n (proper noun, genitive Spaniens or (optionally with an article) Spanien)

Spaniens (genitive)
Spanien (genitive with-article)

From Middle High German Spanje, from Latin Hispania.


Spanien

Många svenskar åker på semester till Spanien


Bulgarien

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Bulgarien

Bulgarien n (proper noun, genitive Bulgariens or (optionally with an article) Bulgarien)

Bulgariens (genitive)
Bulgarien (genitive with-article)

/bʊlˈɡaːʁi̯ən/


Kroatien

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Kroatien

Kroatien n (proper noun, genitive Kroatiens or (optionally with an article) Kroatien)

Kroatiens (genitive)
Kroatien (genitive with-article)


Rwsia

From English Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Rus”).

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Venäjä

Venäjä (nominative singular)
Venäjä (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjän (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjän (genitive singular)
Venäjää (partitive singular)
Venäjässä (inessive singular)
Venäjästä (elative singular)
Venäjään (illative singular)
Venäjällä (adessive singular)
Venäjältä (ablative singular)
Venäjälle (allative singular)
Venäjänä (essive singular)
Venäjäksi (singular translative)
Venäjättä (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Venäjäni (nominative singular)
Venäjäni (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjäni (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjäni (genitive singular)
Venäjääni (partitive singular)
Venäjässäni (inessive singular)
Venäjästäni (elative singular)
Venäjääni (illative singular)
Venäjälläni (adessive singular)
Venäjältäni (ablative singular)
Venäjälleni (allative singular)
Venäjänäni (essive singular)
Venäjäkseni (singular translative)
Venäjättäni (abessive singular)
Venäjäsi (nominative singular)
Venäjäsi (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjäsi (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjäsi (genitive singular)
Venäjääsi (partitive singular)
Venäjässäsi (inessive singular)
Venäjästäsi (elative singular)
Venäjääsi (illative singular)
Venäjälläsi (adessive singular)
Venäjältäsi (ablative singular)
Venäjällesi (allative singular)
Venäjänäsi (essive singular)
Venäjäksesi (singular translative)
Venäjättäsi (abessive singular)
Venäjämme (nominative singular)
Venäjämme (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjämme (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjämme (genitive singular)
Venäjäämme (partitive singular)
Venäjässämme (inessive singular)
Venäjästämme (elative singular)
Venäjäämme (illative singular)
Venäjällämme (adessive singular)
Venäjältämme (ablative singular)
Venäjällemme (allative singular)
Venäjänämme (essive singular)
Venäjäksemme (singular translative)
Venäjättämme (abessive singular)
Venäjänne (nominative singular)
Venäjänne (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjänne (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjänne (genitive singular)
Venäjäänne (partitive singular)
Venäjässänne (inessive singular)
Venäjästänne (elative singular)
Venäjäänne (illative singular)
Venäjällänne (adessive singular)
Venäjältänne (ablative singular)
Venäjällenne (allative singular)
Venäjänänne (essive singular)
Venäjäksenne (singular translative)
Venäjättänne (abessive singular)
Venäjänsä (nominative singular)
Venäjänsä (accusative nominative singular)
Venäjänsä (accusative genitive singular)
Venäjänsä (genitive singular)
Venäjäänsä (partitive singular)
Venäjässään (inessive singular)
Venäjässänsä (inessive singular)
Venäjästään (elative singular)
Venäjästänsä (elative singular)
Venäjäänsä (illative singular)
Venäjällään (adessive singular)
Venäjällänsä (adessive singular)
Venäjältään (ablative singular)
Venäjältänsä (ablative singular)
Venäjälleen (allative singular)
Venäjällensä (allative singular)
Venäjänään (essive singular)
Venäjänänsä (essive singular)
Venäjäkseen (singular translative)
Venäjäksensä (singular translative)
Venäjättään (abessive singular)
Venäjättänsä (abessive singular)

From the now rare noun venät (“Russian”) by later analogy with the genitive forms. The shorter root is found in derivations like venäläinen and in other Finnic languages like Veps veńa. Cognates include Estonian vene, Venemaa.


Yunanistan

From Ottoman Turkish یونانستان (Yunanıstan, Yunanistan), from یونان (Yunan, “Greek”) + ـستان (“-istan, -land: forming place names”). Equivalent to Yunan + -istan.


Soviet Union

desc

সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন

→ Bengali: সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন (śobhiet iuniôn)

Clipping of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Attested since October 1919 in U.S. newspapers.

clipping

Hence the famous February 9th 1946 speech at the Bolshoi Theatre, where Stalin announced that the Soviet Union was returning to its pre-war emphasis on industrialization, war-preparedness, and the inevitabibility of conflict between capitalism and Communism, and made explicit what was already obvious, that henceforth the Soviet Union would cooperate with the West only when it suited her.

2005, Tony Judt, “The Impossible Settlement”, in Postwar: A history of Europe since 1945, London: Vintage Books, published 2010, →ISBN:

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics#English

Ellipsis of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Советтә Аидгыла

USSR — see also Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic#English

(informal) The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.


Spagna

→ Albanian: Spanjë

From Latin Hispānia, from a Phoenician or Punic root.


Spagna

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter) Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Inghilterra

desc

إِنْجِلْتِرَا

→ Arabic: إِنْجِلْتِرَا (ʔinjiltirā)

→ Maltese: Ingilterra

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: انكلتره
> Turkish: İngiltere (inherited)
→ Azerbaijani: İngiltərə

(erroneous, by extension) the United Kingdom


Allemagne

→ Ottoman Turkish: آلمانیه (Almanya)

> Turkish: Almanya (inherited)

→ Northern Kurdish: Almanya

→ Abkhaz: алман (alman)

→ Persian:

Dari: آلْمَان (ālmān)

Iranian Persian: آلمان (âlmân)

Tajik: Олмон (Olmon)

→ Vietnamese: An Lê Mân

→ Malagasy: Alemaina

Inherited from Old French Alemaigne, from Latin Alemannia. Compare Portuguese Alemanha, Spanish Alemania, English Almain.


Vatican

→ Japanese: バチカン (Bachikan)

Learned borrowing from Latin Vātī̆cānus (“Vatican Hill”), further etymology unknown. The connection to vāticinārī (“to prophesy, oracle”) is folk-etymological.

lbor

Vatican City State
Vatican City State#English

A city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. Official name: Vatican City State.


Vatican

Vatican (accusative indefinite nominative)
Vaticanul (accusative definite nominative)
Vatican (indefinite)
Vaticanului (definite)
Vaticanule (vocative)

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Angleterre

desctree

Italian: Inghilterra
→ Arabic: إِنْجِلْتِرَا (ʔinjiltirā)
→ Maltese: Ingilterra
→ Ottoman Turkish: انكلتره
> Turkish: İngiltere (inherited)
→ Azerbaijani: İngiltərə

/ɑ̃.ɡlə.tɛʁ/

Inherited from Middle French Angleterre, Engleterre, from Old French Engleterre, calque of Old English Engla land.

(informal, often proscribed) England (informal name of the United Kingdom, a country in Western Europe)


Ucraina

la-proper noun

Ū̆crāīna f sg (genitive Ū̆crāīnae); first declension

Ucraina f sg (genitive Ucrainae); first declension

Ū̆crāīna (canonical feminine singular)
Ucraina (canonical feminine singular)
Ū̆crāīnae (genitive)
Ucrainae (genitive)
Ū̆crāīna (nominative singular)
Ū̆crāīnae (genitive singular)
Ū̆crāīnae (dative singular)
Ū̆crāīnam (accusative singular)
Ū̆crāīnā (ablative singular)
Ū̆crāīna (singular vocative)
Ucraina (nominative singular)
Ucrainae (genitive singular)
Ucrainae (dative singular)
Ucrainam (accusative singular)
Ucrainā (ablative singular)
Ucraina (singular vocative)

[ʊkräːˈiːnä]

Borrowed from Old Ruthenian Оукраи́на (Ukraína, “Ukraine”)

bor

Religionem in Ucraina oportet esse solam et unam Orthodoxae Orientalis Confessionis, [...]

1710 April 5, Philippus Orlik, chapter I, in Contenta Pactorum inter Ducem et Exercitum Zaporoviensem conventorum, in Compendium brevi stylo collecta., Bendery, archived from the original on 2022-04-09:

Religion in Ukraine ought to be united in the sole profession of Eastern Orthodoxy.

(New Latin) Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Ucraina

Ucraină (accusative indefinite nominative)
Ucraina (accusative definite nominative)
Ucraine (indefinite)
Ucrainei (definite)
Ucraină (vocative)
Ucraino (vocative)


Ermenistan

/ɛɾmɛnɪsˈtɑːn/


Ermenistan

Ermenistan (nominative singular)
Ermenistanlar (nominative plural)
Ermenistan'ı (accusative singular)
Ermenistanları (accusative plural)
Ermenistan'a (dative singular)
Ermenistanlara (dative plural)
Ermenistan'da (locative singular)
Ermenistanlarda (locative plural)
Ermenistan'dan (ablative singular)
Ermenistanlardan (ablative plural)
Ermenistan'ın (genitive singular)
Ermenistanların (genitive plural)
Ermenistan'ım (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Ermenistanlarım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Ermenistan'larım (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Ermenistan'ın (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Ermenistanların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Ermenistan'ların (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Ermenistan'ı (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Ermenistanları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Ermenistan'ları (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Ermenistan'ımız (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Ermenistanlarımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Ermenistan'larımız (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Ermenistan'ınız (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Ermenistanlarınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Ermenistan'larınız (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Ermenistan'ı (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Ermenistanları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Ermenistan'ları (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Ermenistanları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
Ermenistan'ları (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish ارمنستان, from Classical Persian اَرمَنِستان (armanistān).


Frankrike

From Middle Low German Frankrīke, from Old Saxon *Frankrīki. The name is a compound of Proto-West Germanic *frankō (“a Frank”) and *rīkī (“kingdom”).
Equivalent to franker (“the Franks”) + rike (“realm”). Compare Danish Frankrig, Dutch Frankrijk, German Frankreich.


Brit

1901, either a shortening of Britisher or Briton, or a back-formation from British.

(lexicography) Abbreviation of British English.


Engeland

→ Lokono: Engelanta

/ˈɛ.ŋəˌlɑnt/

(loosely) Great Britain or the United Kingdom


Engeland

* (Drenthe) First attested as Engellant in 1811-1813. Derived from Middle Dutch engelant (“pasture, grassland”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Engelaand.
* (Apeldoorn) First attested as englandi in 801. Compound of eng (“pasture, acreage”) and Old Dutch landi (“land”). A local toponymic legend holds that the name is derived from an ancient jury court "in the English style" that is supposed to have convened in the village. There is no historical evidence for the existence of such a court.
* (Oldebroek) First attested as ENGELAND in 1843. Derived from Middle Dutch engelant (“pasture, grassland”).
* (Dalfsen) First attested as ENGELAND in 1843. Derived from Middle Dutch engelant (“pasture, grassland”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Engelaand.
* (Hardenberg) First attested as ENGELAND in 1843. Derived from Middle Dutch engelant (“pasture, grassland”).

inh

/ˈɛ.ŋəˌlɑnt/

A hamlet in De Wolden, Drenthe, Netherlands


Svizzera

Albanian: Zvicër, Zvicra; Gheg Albanian: Zvicërr, Zvicrra

Armenian: Զվիցերիա (Zvicʻeria)

Maltese: Żvizzera, Iżvizzera

Ottoman Turkish: اسویچره (İsviçre), ازویچره (İzviçere)

Turkish: İsviçre

From Early New High German Schwytzer (“a Swiss person”, modern German Schweizer). Compare English Switzer.

bor

modern German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Schweizer</i>

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Kreikka

Kreikka (nominative singular)
Kreikka (accusative nominative singular)
Kreikan (accusative genitive singular)
Kreikan (genitive singular)
Kreikkaa (partitive singular)
Kreikassa (inessive singular)
Kreikasta (elative singular)
Kreikkaan (illative singular)
Kreikalla (adessive singular)
Kreikalta (ablative singular)
Kreikalle (allative singular)
Kreikkana (essive singular)
Kreikaksi (singular translative)
Kreikatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Kreikkani (nominative singular)
Kreikkani (accusative nominative singular)
Kreikkani (accusative genitive singular)
Kreikkani (genitive singular)
Kreikkaani (partitive singular)
Kreikassani (inessive singular)
Kreikastani (elative singular)
Kreikkaani (illative singular)
Kreikallani (adessive singular)
Kreikaltani (ablative singular)
Kreikalleni (allative singular)
Kreikkanani (essive singular)
Kreikakseni (singular translative)
Kreikattani (abessive singular)
Kreikkasi (nominative singular)
Kreikkasi (accusative nominative singular)
Kreikkasi (accusative genitive singular)
Kreikkasi (genitive singular)
Kreikkaasi (partitive singular)
Kreikassasi (inessive singular)
Kreikastasi (elative singular)
Kreikkaasi (illative singular)
Kreikallasi (adessive singular)
Kreikaltasi (ablative singular)
Kreikallesi (allative singular)
Kreikkanasi (essive singular)
Kreikaksesi (singular translative)
Kreikattasi (abessive singular)
Kreikkamme (nominative singular)
Kreikkamme (accusative nominative singular)
Kreikkamme (accusative genitive singular)
Kreikkamme (genitive singular)
Kreikkaamme (partitive singular)
Kreikassamme (inessive singular)
Kreikastamme (elative singular)
Kreikkaamme (illative singular)
Kreikallamme (adessive singular)
Kreikaltamme (ablative singular)
Kreikallemme (allative singular)
Kreikkanamme (essive singular)
Kreikaksemme (singular translative)
Kreikattamme (abessive singular)
Kreikkanne (nominative singular)
Kreikkanne (accusative nominative singular)
Kreikkanne (accusative genitive singular)
Kreikkanne (genitive singular)
Kreikkaanne (partitive singular)
Kreikassanne (inessive singular)
Kreikastanne (elative singular)
Kreikkaanne (illative singular)
Kreikallanne (adessive singular)
Kreikaltanne (ablative singular)
Kreikallenne (allative singular)
Kreikkananne (essive singular)
Kreikaksenne (singular translative)
Kreikattanne (abessive singular)
Kreikkansa (nominative singular)
Kreikkansa (accusative nominative singular)
Kreikkansa (accusative genitive singular)
Kreikkansa (genitive singular)
Kreikkaansa (partitive singular)
Kreikassaan (inessive singular)
Kreikassansa (inessive singular)
Kreikastaan (elative singular)
Kreikastansa (elative singular)
Kreikkaansa (illative singular)
Kreikallaan (adessive singular)
Kreikallansa (adessive singular)
Kreikaltaan (ablative singular)
Kreikaltansa (ablative singular)
Kreikalleen (allative singular)
Kreikallensa (allative singular)
Kreikkanaan (essive singular)
Kreikkanansa (essive singular)
Kreikakseen (singular translative)
Kreikaksensa (singular translative)
Kreikattaan (abessive singular)
Kreikattansa (abessive singular)

From the initial component of Swedish Grekland and its ultimate source, Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós).


Rusland

nl-proper noun

Rusland n (adjective Russisch, demonym Rus m or Russin f or Russische f)

Russisch (adjective)
Rus (demonym masculine)
Russin (demonym feminine)
Russische (demonym feminine)


Germania

Repubblica Federale Tedesca
Repubblica Federale Tedesca#Italian

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany; official name: Repubblica Federale Tedesca)


Germania

la-proper noun

Germānia f sg (genitive Germāniae); first declension

Germānia (canonical feminine singular)
Germāniae (genitive)
Germānia (nominative singular)
Germāniae (genitive singular)
Germāniae (dative singular)
Germāniam (accusative singular)
Germāniā (ablative singular)
Germānia (singular vocative)

Middle English: Germanie

Irish: Gearmáin

Italian: Germania

Romanian: Germania

Russian: Герма́ния (Germánija)

Sicilian: Girmània

[ɡɛrˈmäːniä]

From Germānī + -ia. Germani was an exonym applied by the Romans to a tribe (or nearby tribes) living around and east of the Rhine; it was first attested in the 1st century b.c. works of Julius Caesar and is of uncertain etymology. It was said by Strabo to derive from germānus (“close kin; genuine”), making it cognate with "germane" and "german", but this seems unsupported. Attempts to derive it from Germanic or Celtic roots are all problematic (although see Germany).

Germany in its various senses, including:

(New Latin) Germany, various Central European nation-states including:

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Germania

Germanie (accusative indefinite nominative)
Germania (accusative definite nominative)
Germanii (indefinite)
Germaniei (definite)
Germanie (vocative)
Germanio (vocative)

From Latin Germānia. Equivalent to german + -ia.


Espanja

Espanja (nominative singular)
Espanja (accusative nominative singular)
Espanjan (accusative genitive singular)
Espanjan (genitive singular)
Espanjaa (partitive singular)
Espanjassa (inessive singular)
Espanjasta (elative singular)
Espanjaan (illative singular)
Espanjalla (adessive singular)
Espanjalta (ablative singular)
Espanjalle (allative singular)
Espanjana (essive singular)
Espanjaksi (singular translative)
Espanjatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Espanjani (nominative singular)
Espanjani (accusative nominative singular)
Espanjani (accusative genitive singular)
Espanjani (genitive singular)
Espanjaani (partitive singular)
Espanjassani (inessive singular)
Espanjastani (elative singular)
Espanjaani (illative singular)
Espanjallani (adessive singular)
Espanjaltani (ablative singular)
Espanjalleni (allative singular)
Espanjanani (essive singular)
Espanjakseni (singular translative)
Espanjattani (abessive singular)
Espanjasi (nominative singular)
Espanjasi (accusative nominative singular)
Espanjasi (accusative genitive singular)
Espanjasi (genitive singular)
Espanjaasi (partitive singular)
Espanjassasi (inessive singular)
Espanjastasi (elative singular)
Espanjaasi (illative singular)
Espanjallasi (adessive singular)
Espanjaltasi (ablative singular)
Espanjallesi (allative singular)
Espanjanasi (essive singular)
Espanjaksesi (singular translative)
Espanjattasi (abessive singular)
Espanjamme (nominative singular)
Espanjamme (accusative nominative singular)
Espanjamme (accusative genitive singular)
Espanjamme (genitive singular)
Espanjaamme (partitive singular)
Espanjassamme (inessive singular)
Espanjastamme (elative singular)
Espanjaamme (illative singular)
Espanjallamme (adessive singular)
Espanjaltamme (ablative singular)
Espanjallemme (allative singular)
Espanjanamme (essive singular)
Espanjaksemme (singular translative)
Espanjattamme (abessive singular)
Espanjanne (nominative singular)
Espanjanne (accusative nominative singular)
Espanjanne (accusative genitive singular)
Espanjanne (genitive singular)
Espanjaanne (partitive singular)
Espanjassanne (inessive singular)
Espanjastanne (elative singular)
Espanjaanne (illative singular)
Espanjallanne (adessive singular)
Espanjaltanne (ablative singular)
Espanjallenne (allative singular)
Espanjananne (essive singular)
Espanjaksenne (singular translative)
Espanjattanne (abessive singular)
Espanjansa (nominative singular)
Espanjansa (accusative nominative singular)
Espanjansa (accusative genitive singular)
Espanjansa (genitive singular)
Espanjaansa (partitive singular)
Espanjassaan (inessive singular)
Espanjassansa (inessive singular)
Espanjastaan (elative singular)
Espanjastansa (elative singular)
Espanjaansa (illative singular)
Espanjallaan (adessive singular)
Espanjallansa (adessive singular)
Espanjaltaan (ablative singular)
Espanjaltansa (ablative singular)
Espanjalleen (allative singular)
Espanjallensa (allative singular)
Espanjanaan (essive singular)
Espanjanansa (essive singular)
Espanjakseen (singular translative)
Espanjaksensa (singular translative)
Espanjattaan (abessive singular)
Espanjattansa (abessive singular)

[ˈe̞s̠pɑ̝njɑ̝]


Sveitsi

Sveitsi (nominative singular)
Sveitsi (accusative nominative singular)
Sveitsin (accusative genitive singular)
Sveitsin (genitive singular)
Sveitsiä (partitive singular)
Sveitsissä (inessive singular)
Sveitsistä (elative singular)
Sveitsiin (illative singular)
Sveitsillä (adessive singular)
Sveitsiltä (ablative singular)
Sveitsille (allative singular)
Sveitsinä (essive singular)
Sveitsiksi (singular translative)
Sveitsittä (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Sveitsini (nominative singular)
Sveitsini (accusative nominative singular)
Sveitsini (accusative genitive singular)
Sveitsini (genitive singular)
Sveitsiäni (partitive singular)
Sveitsissäni (inessive singular)
Sveitsistäni (elative singular)
Sveitsiini (illative singular)
Sveitsilläni (adessive singular)
Sveitsiltäni (ablative singular)
Sveitsilleni (allative singular)
Sveitsinäni (essive singular)
Sveitsikseni (singular translative)
Sveitsittäni (abessive singular)
Sveitsisi (nominative singular)
Sveitsisi (accusative nominative singular)
Sveitsisi (accusative genitive singular)
Sveitsisi (genitive singular)
Sveitsiäsi (partitive singular)
Sveitsissäsi (inessive singular)
Sveitsistäsi (elative singular)
Sveitsiisi (illative singular)
Sveitsilläsi (adessive singular)
Sveitsiltäsi (ablative singular)
Sveitsillesi (allative singular)
Sveitsinäsi (essive singular)
Sveitsiksesi (singular translative)
Sveitsittäsi (abessive singular)
Sveitsimme (nominative singular)
Sveitsimme (accusative nominative singular)
Sveitsimme (accusative genitive singular)
Sveitsimme (genitive singular)
Sveitsiämme (partitive singular)
Sveitsissämme (inessive singular)
Sveitsistämme (elative singular)
Sveitsiimme (illative singular)
Sveitsillämme (adessive singular)
Sveitsiltämme (ablative singular)
Sveitsillemme (allative singular)
Sveitsinämme (essive singular)
Sveitsiksemme (singular translative)
Sveitsittämme (abessive singular)
Sveitsinne (nominative singular)
Sveitsinne (accusative nominative singular)
Sveitsinne (accusative genitive singular)
Sveitsinne (genitive singular)
Sveitsiänne (partitive singular)
Sveitsissänne (inessive singular)
Sveitsistänne (elative singular)
Sveitsiinne (illative singular)
Sveitsillänne (adessive singular)
Sveitsiltänne (ablative singular)
Sveitsillenne (allative singular)
Sveitsinänne (essive singular)
Sveitsiksenne (singular translative)
Sveitsittänne (abessive singular)
Sveitsinsä (nominative singular)
Sveitsinsä (accusative nominative singular)
Sveitsinsä (accusative genitive singular)
Sveitsinsä (genitive singular)
Sveitsiään (partitive singular)
Sveitsiänsä (partitive singular)
Sveitsissään (inessive singular)
Sveitsissänsä (inessive singular)
Sveitsistään (elative singular)
Sveitsistänsä (elative singular)
Sveitsiinsä (illative singular)
Sveitsillään (adessive singular)
Sveitsillänsä (adessive singular)
Sveitsiltään (ablative singular)
Sveitsiltänsä (ablative singular)
Sveitsilleen (allative singular)
Sveitsillensä (allative singular)
Sveitsinään (essive singular)
Sveitsinänsä (essive singular)
Sveitsikseen (singular translative)
Sveitsiksensä (singular translative)
Sveitsittään (abessive singular)
Sveitsittänsä (abessive singular)


Portugali

Portugalia (definite)
Portugali (indefinite nominative singular)
Portugalia (definite nominative singular)
Portugali (accusative indefinite singular)
Portugalinë (accusative definite singular)
Portugalie (indefinite singular)
Portugalisë (definite singular)


Portugali

Portugali (nominative singular)
Portugali (accusative nominative singular)
Portugalin (accusative genitive singular)
Portugalin (genitive singular)
Portugalia (partitive singular)
Portugalissa (inessive singular)
Portugalista (elative singular)
Portugaliin (illative singular)
Portugalilla (adessive singular)
Portugalilta (ablative singular)
Portugalille (allative singular)
Portugalina (essive singular)
Portugaliksi (singular translative)
Portugalitta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Portugalini (nominative singular)
Portugalini (accusative nominative singular)
Portugalini (accusative genitive singular)
Portugalini (genitive singular)
Portugaliani (partitive singular)
Portugalissani (inessive singular)
Portugalistani (elative singular)
Portugaliini (illative singular)
Portugalillani (adessive singular)
Portugaliltani (ablative singular)
Portugalilleni (allative singular)
Portugalinani (essive singular)
Portugalikseni (singular translative)
Portugalittani (abessive singular)
Portugalisi (nominative singular)
Portugalisi (accusative nominative singular)
Portugalisi (accusative genitive singular)
Portugalisi (genitive singular)
Portugaliasi (partitive singular)
Portugalissasi (inessive singular)
Portugalistasi (elative singular)
Portugaliisi (illative singular)
Portugalillasi (adessive singular)
Portugaliltasi (ablative singular)
Portugalillesi (allative singular)
Portugalinasi (essive singular)
Portugaliksesi (singular translative)
Portugalittasi (abessive singular)
Portugalimme (nominative singular)
Portugalimme (accusative nominative singular)
Portugalimme (accusative genitive singular)
Portugalimme (genitive singular)
Portugaliamme (partitive singular)
Portugalissamme (inessive singular)
Portugalistamme (elative singular)
Portugaliimme (illative singular)
Portugalillamme (adessive singular)
Portugaliltamme (ablative singular)
Portugalillemme (allative singular)
Portugalinamme (essive singular)
Portugaliksemme (singular translative)
Portugalittamme (abessive singular)
Portugalinne (nominative singular)
Portugalinne (accusative nominative singular)
Portugalinne (accusative genitive singular)
Portugalinne (genitive singular)
Portugalianne (partitive singular)
Portugalissanne (inessive singular)
Portugalistanne (elative singular)
Portugaliinne (illative singular)
Portugalillanne (adessive singular)
Portugaliltanne (ablative singular)
Portugalillenne (allative singular)
Portugalinanne (essive singular)
Portugaliksenne (singular translative)
Portugalittanne (abessive singular)
Portugalinsa (nominative singular)
Portugalinsa (accusative nominative singular)
Portugalinsa (accusative genitive singular)
Portugalinsa (genitive singular)
Portugaliaan (partitive singular)
Portugaliansa (partitive singular)
Portugalissaan (inessive singular)
Portugalissansa (inessive singular)
Portugalistaan (elative singular)
Portugalistansa (elative singular)
Portugaliinsa (illative singular)
Portugalillaan (adessive singular)
Portugalillansa (adessive singular)
Portugaliltaan (ablative singular)
Portugaliltansa (ablative singular)
Portugalilleen (allative singular)
Portugalillensa (allative singular)
Portugalinaan (essive singular)
Portugalinansa (essive singular)
Portugalikseen (singular translative)
Portugaliksensa (singular translative)
Portugalittaan (abessive singular)
Portugalittansa (abessive singular)


Etruria

/ɪˈtɹʊə.ɹɪ.ə/

Italian Peninsula
Italian Peninsula#English

(historical) An ancient country in Italian Peninsula, located between the Arno and Tiber rivers, corresponding to modern day Tuscany in Western Italy; the home of Etruscans.

(historical) A former kingdom in Northern Italy, lasted between 1801 and 1807.

A suburb of Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England (OS grid ref SJ8646).