唐

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty

→ English: Tang, T'ang, Tong, Tng

desc

→ Proto-Southwestern Tai: *daːŋᴬ² (“road; way”)

Northern Thai: ᨴᩤ᩠ᨦ

Khün: ᨴᩤ᩠ᨦ

Lao: ທາງ (thāng)

Lü: ᦑᦱᧂ (taang)

Tai Dam: ꪕꪱꪉ

Shan: တၢင်း (táang)

Tai Nüa: ᥖᥣᥒᥰ (täang)

Ahom: 𑜄𑜂𑜫 (taṅ)

Thai: ทาง (taang, “road; way”)

→ Thai: ถัง (tǎng, “Tang (dynasty)”)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡl'aːŋ): phonetic 庚 (OC *kraːŋ) + semantic 口 (“mouth”) – to exaggerate, to boast. 唐 and 庚 were near-homophones in Old Chinese.
Either related to 途 (OC *l'aː) (Wang, 1982) or from Austroasiatic, compare Proto-Austroasiatic *glɔːŋ, whence Mon ဂၠံၚ်, Kensiu gəlɔŋ, Kuy khlù:aŋ (Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

(～郡) Down (a county of Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)


Dublin

From Middle Irish Dublind, from dub (“black”) + lind (“pond”).

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown
Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown

A traditional county of Ireland, now divided into the City of Dublin and three counties; Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin.


Dublin

Dublin (nominative singular)
Dublina (genitive singular)
Dublinu (genitive singular)
Dublinowi (dative singular)
Dublin (accusative singular)
Dublinem (instrumental singular)
Dublinie (locative singular)
Dublinie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Dublin, from Middle Irish Dublind, from dub + lind.

Dublin (a traditional county of Ireland)


Kerry

* As an English surname, from a personal name derived from Old Norse Kári.
* As an Irish surname, from Ó Ciardha (“descendant of Ciardha”), from ciar (“black”).

A county of Ireland. County seat: Tralee.


Tyrone

en-proper noun

Tyrone (countable and uncountable, plural Tyrones)

From Irish Tír Eoghain (literally “land of Eoghan”).

der

A county of Northern Ireland, Ireland island, United Kingdom; One of the six traditional counties in Northern Ireland, often known as County Tyrone.


Down

From Irish dún (“fortress, stronghold”).

One of the six traditional counties of Northern Ireland, usually known as County Down.


Cork

From Irish Corcaigh (“bog, marsh, swamp”).

A county in the Republic of Ireland (County Cork).


Lú

From Old Irish Lugmad or Lugbad, named after Lugh.


Limerick

en-proper noun

Limerick (countable and uncountable, plural Limericks)


Limerick

de-proper noun

Limerick n (proper noun, genitive Limericks or (optionally with an article) Limerick)

Limericks (genitive)
Limerick (genitive with-article)


Limerick

Unadapted borrowing from English Limerick, from Irish Luimneach. Doublet of limeryk.


Mayo

Derived from Irish Maigh Eo
* (surname): Possibly instead derived from Old French, “Maiheu” from Hebrew, “Matthew”


Clare

The anglicized spelling of Irish Clár, from Old Irish clár (“plank, board”), from Proto-Celtic *klāros, *klārom (“table”).


Waterford

From water + ford. In the case of the city in Ireland, this is a modification through folk etymology of Old Norse Veðrafjǫrðr (literally “wether ford”).
The civil parish in New Brunswick may have been named after Waterford, Ireland.

der

A county of Ireland; see Wikipedia:County Waterford.


Laois

A county of Ireland, formerly known as Queens County.


Laois

From Middle Irish Loígis, name of a tribe living in the area in the Middle Ages (see Loígis on Wikipedia).


Baile Átha Cliath

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Baile Átha Cliath m (genitive Baile Átha Cliath)

Baile Átha Cliath (genitive)
BAC (abbreviation)
BÁC (abbreviation)
Baile Átha Cliath (mutation mutation-radical)
Bhaile Átha Cliath (lenition mutation)
mBaile Átha Cliath (eclipsis mutation)

/ˌbʲlʲɑː ˈclʲiə/


Derry

en-proper noun

Derry (countable and uncountable, plural Derrys)

From Irish Doire, from doire (“oak grove”), from Old Irish daire (“oak forest”), from Proto-Celtic *daru.

One of the traditional counties in northwestern Northern Ireland; known as County Derry, or officially as County Londonderry.


Mí

An Mhí (canonical feminine)
na Mí (genitive)
Mí (indefinite nominative singular)
a Mhí (indefinite singular vocative)
Mí (genitive indefinite singular)
Mí (dative indefinite singular)
an Mhí (definite nominative singular)
na Mí (definite genitive singular)
leis an Mí (dative definite singular)
don Mhí (dative definite singular)
Mí (mutation mutation-radical)
Mhí (lenition mutation)

From Old Irish Mide, from mide (“middle”).


Tipperary

/ˌtɪpəˈɹɛəɹi/

From Irish Tiobraid Árann (“Well of Ara”).


Louth

A county (County Louth) in the Republic of Ireland.


Wicklow

Uncertain. Earlier spellings include Wykinglo in 1173, Wygingelow in 1185, Wykinglo in 1192, and Wykinglowe in 1355.


Carlow

/ˈkɑː(ɹ)ləʊ/


Sligo

From Irish Sligeach (literally “abounding in shells”).

bor

In the Workmans the other night, Connell told a girl he was from Sligo and she made a funny face and said: Yeah, you look like it.

2018, Sally Rooney, “Three Months Later (November 2011)”, in Normal People:


Wexford

From Old Norse Veisafjǫrðr (literally “inlet of the mudflats”).


Longford

From Irish an Longfort (literally “the camp, the stronghold”), anglicized to be identical to Etymology 1.


Donegal

/ˌdʌnɪˈɡɔːl/

/ˌdɒnɪˈɡɔːl/

Anglicization of Irish Dún na nGall (literally “fort of the foreigners or strangers”).


Monaghan

en-proper noun

Monaghan (countable and uncountable, plural Monaghans)

Borrowed from Irish Muineachán. The surname derives from an anglicization of Irish Ó Manacháin.


Galway

Anglicization of Irish Gaillimh, of uncertain meaning, said to mean "stony' (referring to the River Corrib). If so, it probably derives from Old Irish calad (“hard”); compare caillou, of Gaulish origin.


ダブリン

[da̠bɯ̟ɾʲĩɴ]


Fingal

From Irish Fine Gall (literally “race of the Norsemen”).

der

A county of Ireland north of Dublin, formed in 1994 from parts of County Dublin.


Luimneach

Luimnigh (genitive)
Luimneach (indefinite nominative singular)
a Luimnigh (indefinite singular vocative)
Luimnigh (genitive indefinite singular)
Luimneach (dative indefinite singular)
an Luimneach (definite nominative singular)
an Luimnigh (definite genitive singular)
leis an Luimneach (dative definite singular)
don Luimneach (dative definite singular)

/ˈl̪ˠɪmʲənʲəx/

From lom na n-each (“grassless (field) of the horses”).


Mee

From Old Irish Mide (“Meath”), most likely from mide (“middle, centre”).


Port Láirge

Phort Láirge (genitive)
Port Láirge (mutation mutation-radical)
Phort Láirge (lenition mutation)
bPort Láirge (eclipsis mutation)


Gaillimh

Gaillimhe (genitive)
Gaillimh (indefinite nominative singular)
a Ghaillimh (indefinite singular vocative)
Gaillimhe (genitive indefinite singular)
Gaillimh (dative indefinite singular)
an Ghaillimh (definite nominative singular)
na Gaillimhe (definite genitive singular)
leis an nGaillimh (dative definite singular)
don Ghaillimh (dative definite singular)
Gaillimh (mutation mutation-radical)
Ghaillimh (lenition mutation)
nGaillimh (eclipsis mutation)

Of uncertain meaning. The City of Galway is named from the old name for the River Corrib that runs from Lake Corrib to Galway Bay, Abhainn na Gaillimhe in Irish. It is said that gaillimh may mean “rocky” or “stony” in English.


Corcaigh

Corcaí (genitive)
Corcaigh (mutation mutation-radical)
Chorcaigh (lenition mutation)
gCorcaigh (eclipsis mutation)

Old dative case of corcach (“bog, marsh, swamp”).


Loch Garman

/ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈɡaɾˠəmˠən̪ˠ/

/ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈɡaɾˠəmˠənˠ/

Literally, “Garman’s lake” after Garman mac Bomma Licce.


Liatroim

[ˈl̠ʲiət̪ˠɾˠəmʲ]


Ros Comáin

[ɾˠɔsˠ ˈkʊmˠɑːnʲ]

From ros (“wood”) + Comáin, genitive of Comán (“Saint Coman”).

Roscommon (a county and town in Ireland)


Maigh Eo

Mhaigh Eo (genitive)
Maigh Eo (mutation mutation-radical)
Mhaigh Eo (lenition mutation)

→ English: Mayo

The county is named after the village with the same name which lies within it. The name, meaning "field of yew trees", breaks down as maigh (“field”) + eo (“yew tree”).

Irish name of a county in Ireland, named Mayo in English


Sligeach

Shligigh (genitive)
Sligeach (indefinite nominative singular)
a Shligigh (indefinite singular vocative)
Sligigh (genitive indefinite singular)
Sligeach (dative indefinite singular)
an Sligeach (definite nominative singular)
an tSligigh (definite genitive singular)
leis an Sligeach (dative definite singular)
don Sligeach (dative definite singular)
Sligeach (mutation mutation-radical)
Shligeach (lenition mutation)
tSligeach (lenition mutation)

From sligeach (“shells; place abounding in shells”), from slige (“shell”).


Antrim

A county in northeastern Northern Ireland.


Cill Chainnigh

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Cill Chainnigh f (genitive Chill Chainnigh)

Chill Chainnigh (genitive)
Cill Chainnigh (mutation mutation-radical)
Chill Chainnigh (lenition mutation)
gCill Chainnigh (eclipsis mutation)

/ˌciːlʲ ˈxɑnʲɪɟ/

/ˌciːl̠ʲ ˈxan̠ʲə/

/ˌcɪl̠ʲ ˈxan̠ʲiː/


Doire

Doire (genitive)
Doire (mutation mutation-radical)
Dhoire (lenition mutation)
nDoire (eclipsis mutation)

Londonderry (a county of Northern Ireland)


Ciarraí

Chiarraí (genitive)
Ciarraí (mutation mutation-radical)
Chiarraí (lenition mutation)
gCiarraí (eclipsis mutation)


Korko

Borrowed from English Cork, from Irish Corcaigh.


コーク

ja-pos

コーク • (Kōku)


Armagh

From Irish Ard Mhacha (literally “height of Macha”).

bor

One of the six traditional counties in Northern Ireland.


Fermanagh

One of the six traditional counties of Northern Ireland.


デリー

ja-pos

デリー • (Derī)


Tír Chonaill

Thír Chonaill (genitive)
Tír Chonaill (mutation mutation-radical)
Thír Chonaill (lenition mutation)
dTír Chonaill (eclipsis mutation)

Synonym of Dún na nGall: Donegal (a county of Ireland)


Aontroim

Aontroma (genitive)
Aontroim (mutation mutation-radical)
nAontroim (eclipsis mutation)
hAontroim (mutation prothesis-h)

From Old Irish óen (“single, lone, one”) + troim (“back, spine, ridge”).


Ceatharlach

Cheatharlach (genitive)
Ceatharlach (mutation mutation-radical)
Cheatharlach (lenition mutation)
gCeatharlach (eclipsis mutation)

/ˈcahəɾˠl̪ˠəx/

/ˈcahəɾˠl̪ˠəx/

/ˈcɑːɾˠl̪ˠəx/


Ard Mhacha

Ard Mhacha (genitive)
Ard Mhacha (mutation mutation-radical)
nArd Mhacha (eclipsis mutation)
hArd Mhacha (mutation prothesis-h)

/ɑːɾˠd̪ˠ ˈwaxə/

From the dative singular of Middle Irish Ard Macha, from Old Irish Ard Machae, literally meaning "height of Macha".


Dún na nGall

Dhún na nGall (genitive)
Dún na nGall (mutation mutation-radical)
Dhún na nGall (lenition mutation)
nDún na nGall (eclipsis mutation)

/ˌd̪ˠuːn̪ˠəˈŋal̪ˠ/


Clár

an Clár (canonical masculine)
an Chláir (genitive)
Clár (mutation mutation-radical)
Chlár (lenition mutation)
gClár (eclipsis mutation)

Possibly named for Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond, Hiberno-Norman soldier (see Clare), or possibly related to the name Clarecastle, from Old Irish clár (“bridge, wooden board”).

Brill Publishers
Clarecastle
Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond
ga:Contae an Chláir


Dún

an Dún (canonical masculine)
an Dúin (genitive)
Dún (mutation mutation-radical)
Dhún (lenition mutation)
nDún (eclipsis mutation)


Cabhán

An Cabhán (canonical masculine)
an Chabháin (genitive)
Cabhán (indefinite nominative singular)
a Chabháin (indefinite singular vocative)
Cabháin (genitive indefinite singular)
Cabhán (dative indefinite singular)
an Cabhán (definite nominative singular)
an Chabháin (definite genitive singular)
leis an gCabhán (dative definite singular)
don Chabhán (dative definite singular)
Cabhán (mutation mutation-radical)
Chabhán (lenition mutation)
gCabhán (eclipsis mutation)

From cabhán (“hollow, cavity”), from Old Irish cobfán (“slope, hollow”).


Fear Manach

Fhear Manach (genitive)
Fear Manach (mutation mutation-radical)
Fhear Manach (lenition mutation)
bhFear Manach (eclipsis mutation)

Fermanagh (a county of Northern Ireland)


Cill Dara

Chill Dara (genitive)
Cill Dara (mutation mutation-radical)
Chill Dara (lenition mutation)
gCill Dara (eclipsis mutation)


Tír Eoghain

Thír Eoghain (genitive)
Tír Eoghain (mutation mutation-radical)
Thír Eoghain (lenition mutation)
dTír Eoghain (eclipsis mutation)

English: Tyrone

/tʲiːɾʲ ˈoːnʲ/

/tʲiːɾʲ ˈɔːnʲ/


Roscommon

Roscommon County
Roscommon County#English

A village, the county seat of Roscommon County, Michigan, United States.


Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown

/dʊn ˈlɪəɹə ræθˈdaʊn/

A county of Ireland formed in 1994 from the borough of Dún Laoghaire and parts of County Dublin.


Tiobraid Árann

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Tiobraid Árann f (genitive Thiobraid Árann)

/ˌtʲʊbˠɾˠədʲ ˈɑːɾˠən̪ˠ/

tiobraid (“well”) + Árann, genitive of Ára, the River Ara.


Longfort

an Longfort (canonical masculine)
an Longfoirt (genitive)


リーシュ

ja-pos

リーシュ • (Rīshu)


オファリー

オファリー • (Ofarī)


South Dublin

A county of Ireland formed in 1994 from parts of the south of County Dublin.


ミース

ミース • (Mīsu)


ゴールウェイ

ゴールウェイ • (Gōruwei)


ファーマナ

ファーマナ • (Fāmana)


カーロー

カーロー • (Kārō)


アーマー

アーマー • (Āmā)


ウィックロー

ウィックロー • (Wikkurō)


ダン・レアリー゠ラスダウン

[da̠n̺ ɾe̞a̠ɾʲiːɾa̠sɨda̠ɯ̟̃ɴ]

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown
Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown#English

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (a county of Ireland)


ケリー

ケリー • (Kerī)


メイヨー

メイヨー • (Meiyō)


ウォーターフォード

ウォーターフォード • (Wōtāfōdo)


Iarmhí

an Iarmhí (canonical feminine)
na hIarmhí (genitive)
Iarmhí (mutation mutation-radical)
nIarmhí (eclipsis mutation)
hIarmhí (mutation prothesis-h)

/əˌnʲiəɾˠˈvʲiː/

/əˌn̠ʲiəɾˠˈvʲiː/


Muineachán

Muineacháin (genitive)
Muineachán (indefinite nominative singular)
a Mhuineacháin (indefinite singular vocative)
Muineacháin (genitive indefinite singular)
Muineachán (dative indefinite singular)
an Muineachán (definite nominative singular)
an Mhuineacháin (definite genitive singular)
leis an Muineachán (dative definite singular)
don Mhuineachán (dative definite singular)
Muineachán (mutation mutation-radical)
Mhuineachán (lenition mutation)

/mˠɪnʲəˈxɑːn̪ˠ/

/ˈmˠɪnʲəxɑːnˠ/

/ˈmˠɪnʲəxɑːn̪ˠ/


Uíbh Fhailí

Uíbh Fhailí (genitive)
Uíbh Fhailí (mutation mutation-radical)
nUíbh Fhailí (eclipsis mutation)
hUíbh Fhailí (mutation prothesis-h)

Originally the dative plural of Uí Fhailí, in reference to the medieval Kingdom of Uí Failghe.

Kingdom of Uí Failghe
ga:Contae Uíbh Fhailí


Cill Mhantáin

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Cill Mhantáin f (genitive Cill Mhantáin)

Cill Mhantáin (genitive)
Cill Mhantáin (mutation mutation-radical)
Chill Mhantáin (lenition mutation)
gCill Mhantáin (eclipsis mutation)

/ˌciːlʲ vˠɑn̪ˠˈt̪ˠɑːnʲ/

/ˌciːl̠ʲ ˈwan̪ˠt̪ˠɑːnʲ/

/ˌcɪl̠ʲ ˈwan̪ˠt̪ˠɑːnʲ/

/ˌcɪl̠ʲ ˈwan̪ˠt̪ˠænʲ/

Literally, “church of Mantán”, a personal name deriving from Old Irish mant (“gums, jaw”), from Proto-Brythonic *mant (whence Welsh mant (“mouth, jaw”)), cognate with Latin mentum (“chin”) and Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (munþs, “mouth”).