Abdera

An ancient city in Thrace, in modern Greece


Abdera

de-proper noun

Abdera n (proper noun, genitive Abderas or (optionally with an article) Abdera)

Abderas (genitive)
Abdera (genitive with-article)
Abdera (definite nominative singular)
Abderas (definite genitive singular)
Abdera (definite genitive singular with-article)
Abdera (dative definite singular)
Abdera (accusative definite singular)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄβδηρα (Ábdēra).

lbor

Abdera (an ancient city in Thrace, in modern Greece)


Abdera

From Latin Abdēra, from Ancient Greek Ἄβδηρα (Ábdēra).


Abdera

la-proper noun

Abdēra n or f (genitive Abdērōrum or Abderae); variously declined, second declension, first declension

Abdēra (canonical feminine neuter)
variously declined (canonical)
Abdērōrum (genitive)
Abderae (genitive)
Abdēra (nominative plural)
Abdērōrum (genitive plural)
Abdērae (genitive plural)
Abdērīs (dative plural)
Abdērae (dative plural)
Abdēra (accusative plural)
Abdēram (accusative plural)
Abdērīs (ablative plural)
Abdērā (ablative plural)
Abdēra (plural vocative)
Abdērīs (locative plural)
Abdērae (locative plural)
Abdērum (alternative)

la-ndecl

Second declension (neuter plural) or first declension (feminine singular) noun, with locative.


Abdera

Abdera (nominative singular)
Abdery (genitive singular)
Abderze (dative singular)
Abderę (accusative singular)
Abderą (instrumental singular)
Abderze (locative singular)
Abdero (singular vocative)


隞

Ao (the ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty, located in present-day Guancheng Hui district, Zhengzhou, Henan, China)


Rome

→ Hindi: रोम (rom)

→ Thai: โรม (room)

From Middle English Rome, from Old English Rōm, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu, from Proto-Germanic *Rūmō and influenced by Late Latin Rōma (“Rome, Constantinople”), from Classical Latin Rōma (“Rome”). In Roman mythology, the name was said to derive from Romulus, one of the founders of the city and its first king.
The name appears in a wide range of forms in Middle English, including Rom, Room, Roome, and Rombe as well as Rome; by early modern English, it appeared as Rome, Room, and Roome, with the spelling Rome occurring in Shakespeare and common from the early 18th century on. The final spelling was influenced by Norman, Middle French, Anglo-Norman, and Old French Rome. Doublet of Roma and Rum.

der

Rom (alternative)
Roome (alternative)
Room (alternative)
Rhoome (alternative)
Romme (alternative)
Rowme (alternative)
Roym (alternative)
Rum (alternative)
Roma (alternative)

do not sit in Rome and strive with the Pope

When could they say (till now) that talk'd of Rome,
That her wide Walles incompast but one man?
Now is it Rome indeed, and Roome enough
When there is in it but one onely man.

1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], line 157:

Within the last thirty weeks I have heard the word Rome pronounced Room by several old-fashioned people in the north of Ireland, some of my own relations among the number. On remonstrating with one of these, she said, "It was always Room when I was at school (say about 1830), and I am too old to change it now."

1866 December 8, 'Filius Ecclesiæ', Notes & Queries, "Rome:Room", 456 1

A city on the Tiber River on the Italian peninsula; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; the capital city of Italy; the capital city of the region of Lazio.


Rome

Inherited from Dutch Rome, from Middle Dutch rome.

Rome (a city, the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; the capital city of Italy; the capital city of the region of Lazio).


Rome

English: Rome

Scots: Roum, Rome

From Old English Rōm, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu, from Proto-Germanic *Rūmō, from Latin Rōma.

Roome (alternative)
Rombe (alternative)
Rume (alternative)
Room (alternative)
Rom (alternative)

ſe an ƿæſ ᵹehaten petruſ · he ƿæſ munec of clunni ·⁊ ƿeaſ boren of þa ricceſte men of rome · mid him helden ða of rome ·⁊ ſe duc of ſicilie ·

p. 1154, “AD 1129”, in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 87, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 2018 February 8:

One was called Peter; he was a monk from Cluny who was descended from Rome's most powerful men. The people of Rome and the duke of Sicily sided with him.

But now I am removed from the cyte of Rome almoſt .V.C.M. paas, I am wythoute defence dampned to pꝛoscrepcion and to deathe[…]

c. 1382 (date written), Geffray Chaucer [i.e., Geoffrey Chaucer], “Boetius de consolatione Philosophie. The Fyrst Boke.”, in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London: […] Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], published 1542, →OCLC, folio ccxxxv, recto, column 1:

But now I've been sent almost 500,000 paces from the city of Rome; I am without defence, sentenced to exile and death.

Ne never was ther king in Rome towne / Syns thilke day, ⁊ ſhe was holden there[…]

c. 1386–1388 (date written), Geffray Chaucer [i.e., Geoffrey Chaucer], “The Legende of Good Women: The Legende of Lucresse of Rome”, in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London: […] Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], published 1542, →OCLC, folio ccxxv, verso, column 2:

There was never a king in Rome after that day, and she was seen there […]

Rome (a city, the capital of the Papacy; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)


Rome

desctree

French: Rome
→ Guianese Creole: Ròm
→ Haitian Creole: Wòm
→ Persian: رم (rom)
→ Lao: ໂຣມ (rōm)

Norman: Rome

Picard: Rome

Walloon: Rome


Nineve

la-proper noun

Nīnevē f sg (genitive Nīnevēs); first declension

Nīnevē (canonical feminine singular)
Nīnevēs (genitive)
Nīnevē (nominative singular)
Nīnevēs (genitive singular)
Nīnevēs (dative singular)
Nīnevēn (accusative singular)
Nīnevē (ablative singular)
Nīnevē (singular vocative)
Nīnevae (locative singular)
Nīnivē (alternative)


Babylon

Partially inherited from Old English Babilōn/Babȳlōn, partially from Latin Babylōn, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, literally “Gate of God”); the name of the ancient Chaldean capital and Biblical city of the Apocalypse. Doublet of Babel.

der

Standing afarre off for the feare of her torment, saying, Alas, alas, that great citie Babylon, that mighty citie: for in one houre is thy iudgement come.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 18:10:

(historical) An ancient city in Mesopotamia, built on the banks of the Euphrates, which was the capital of Babylonia.


Babylon

cs-proper noun

Babylon m inan (relational adjective babylonský, demonym Babyloňan)

babylonský (adjective relational)
Babyloňan (demonym)
Babylon (nominative singular)
Babylonu (genitive singular)
Babylonu (dative singular)
Babylon (accusative singular)
Babylone (singular vocative)
Babyloně (locative singular)
Babylonu (locative singular)
Babylonem (instrumental singular)
Babylón (alternative)

(historical) Babylon (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, built on the banks of the Euphrates, which was the capital of Babylonia)


Babylon

From Middle Dutch Babylone, from Latin Babylōn, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn).


Babylon

la-proper noun

Babylōn f (genitive Babylōnis); third declension

Babylōn (canonical feminine)
Babylōnis (genitive)
Babylōn (nominative singular)
Babylōnēs (nominative plural)
Babylōnis (genitive singular)
Babylōnum (genitive plural)
Babylōnī (dative singular)
Babylōnibus (dative plural)
Babylōnem (accusative singular)
Babylōnēs (accusative plural)
Babylōne (ablative singular)
Babylōnibus (ablative plural)
Babylōn (singular vocative)
Babylōnēs (plural vocative)

[ˈbäbʏɫ̪oːn]

From Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, literally “Gate of God”), the name of the ancient Chaldean capital and Biblical city of the Apocalypse.


Babylon

From Latin Babylon, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim).


Babilonie

Babylon (the ancient capital of the kingdom of Babylonia, in modern Iraq)


Babilonige

Babilōniġe (canonical feminine)
Babilōniġe (nominative singular)
Babilōniġan (accusative singular)
Babilōniġan (genitive singular)
Babilōniġan (dative singular)


Damascus

Dāmascus f sg (genitive Dāmascī); second declension

Dāmascus (canonical feminine singular)
Dāmascī (genitive)
Dāmascus (nominative singular)
Dāmascī (genitive singular)
Dāmascō (dative singular)
Dāmascum (accusative singular)
Dāmascō (ablative singular)
Dāmasce (singular vocative)
Dāmascī (locative singular)

[d̪äːˈmäs̠kʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic source.

Damascus (an ancient city and the capital city of modern Syria)


Hamilton

en-proper noun

Hamilton (countable and uncountable, plural Hamiltons)

Translingual: ℍ

From Old English Hameldūne, from hamel (“blunt, flat-topped”) + dūne (“hill”). The Scottish surname is from the place in Leicestershire.

咸美頓

name of various cities in English-speaking countries

A deserted mediaeval village in present-day Barkby Thorpe parish, Leicestershire, England.


Knossos

From Ancient Greek Κνωσός (Knōsós); perhaps from pre-Greek.

An ancient city and archaeological site in the island of Crete, in modern Greece.


Knossos

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κνωσός (Knōsós).

lbor

Knossos (an ancient city and archaeological site in the island of Crete, in modern Greece)


Ai

From Hebrew הָעַי (ha-'ai, “the heap of ruins”).

bor

(biblical) An ancient city mentioned in Jeremiah 49:3 of unknown location, possibly the same city as definition 1.


Ai

(biblical) Ai (an ancient city in Canaan, mentioned in the Book of Joshua)

(biblical) Ai (an ancient city mentioned in the Book of Jeremiah)


Borg

(historical) a mediaeval town in Østfold; modern Sarpsborg


Petra

From Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra, “rock”).

An ancient city and archaeological site in Jordan.

الْبَتْرَاء

an ancient city and archaeological site in Jordan


Sora

la-proper noun

Sōra f sg (genitive Sōrae); first declension

Sōra (canonical feminine singular)
Sōrae (genitive)
Sōra (nominative singular)
Sōrae (genitive singular)
Sōrae (dative singular)
Sōram (accusative singular)
Sōrā (ablative singular)
Sōra (singular vocative)
Sōrae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, situated in the valley of the Liris, now Sora


Tritium

Tritium n sg (genitive Tritiī or Tritī); second declension

Tritiī (genitive)
Tritī (genitive)
Tritium (nominative singular)
Tritiī (genitive singular)
Tritī (genitive singular)
Tritiō (dative singular)
Tritium (accusative singular)
Tritiō (ablative singular)
Tritium (singular vocative)
Tritiī (locative singular)

[ˈt̪rɪt̪iʊ̃ˑ]

From a Hispano-Celtic language, from Proto-Celtic *tritiyos (“third”).

Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis

A town of the Autrigones in Hispania Tarraconensis


Samaria

/səˈmɑːɹi.ə/

/səˈmɛəɹi.ə/

/səˈmɛəɹi.ə/

From Latin Samaria, from Ancient Greek Σαμάρεια (Samáreia), partial calque of Biblical Hebrew שֹׁמְרוֹן (Šōmərôn). Attested in Akkadian as 𒆳𒊓𒈨𒊑𒈾 (Sāmerīna).

(historical) Former name of Sebastia, a city in the West Bank, Palestine, the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Israel.

𐕚𐔰𐕌𐔰𐕙𐔼𐔰

ancient Sebastia and its region — see also Sebastia


Samaria

Borrowed from Latin Samarīa, from Ancient Greek Σαμάρεια (Samáreia), from Hebrew שׁמרון.

der

Hebrew שׁמרון

Samaria (the ancient capital of the northern Kingdom of Israel, in the modern West Bank)


Samaria

la-proper noun

Samarīa f sg (genitive Samarīae); first declension

Samarīa (canonical feminine singular)
Samarīae (genitive)
Samarīa (nominative singular)
Samarīae (genitive singular)
Samarīae (dative singular)
Samarīam (accusative singular)
Samarīā (ablative singular)
Samarīa (singular vocative)
Samarīae (locative singular)

[s̠ämäˈriːä]

From Ancient Greek Σαμάρεια (Samáreia), partial calque of Biblical Hebrew שֹׁמְרוֹן (Šōmərōn).

(historical) Former name of Sebastia, Samaria (a city in the West Bank, Palestine; the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Israel)


Samaria

der

Hebrew שׁמרון


Atina

la-proper noun

Atīna f sg (genitive Atīnae); first declension

Atīna (canonical feminine singular)
Atīnae (genitive)
Atīna (nominative singular)
Atīnae (genitive singular)
Atīnae (dative singular)
Atīnam (accusative singular)
Atīnā (ablative singular)
Atīna (singular vocative)
Atīnae (locative singular)

an ancient city of the Volscians in Latium in modern-day Italy, situated on a hill near the sources of the river Melpis, now Atina


Buda

Buda (nominative singular)
Budák (nominative plural)
Budát (accusative singular)
Budákat (accusative plural)
Budának (dative singular)
Budáknak (dative plural)
Budával (instrumental singular)
Budákkal (instrumental plural)
Budáért (causal-final singular)
Budákért (causal-final plural)
Budává (singular translative)
Budákká (plural translative)
Budáig (singular terminative)
Budákig (plural terminative)
Budaként (essive-formal singular)
Budákként (essive-formal plural)
Budában (inessive singular)
Budákban (inessive plural)
Budán (singular superessive)
Budákon (plural superessive)
Budánál (adessive singular)
Budáknál (adessive plural)
Budába (illative singular)
Budákba (illative plural)
Budára (singular sublative)
Budákra (plural sublative)
Budához (allative singular)
Budákhoz (allative plural)
Budából (elative singular)
Budákból (elative plural)
Budáról (delative singular)
Budákról (delative plural)
Budától (ablative singular)
Budáktól (ablative plural)
Budáé (singular)
Budáké (plural)
Budáéi (singular)
Budákéi (plural)
Budám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Budáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Budád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Budáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Budája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Budái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Budánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Budáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Budátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Budáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Budájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Budáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Buda (the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Hungary, and area of the modern city of Budapest, Hungary)


Nazareth

Nazareth (an ancient city in modern northern Israel)


Βαβυλών

grc-proper noun

Βᾰβῠλών • (Băbŭlṓn) f (genitive Βᾰβῠλῶνος); third declension

Βᾰβῠλών (canonical)
Băbŭlṓn (romanization)
Βᾰβῠλῶνος (genitive)
ἡ Βᾰβῠλών (nominative singular)
τῆς Βᾰβῠλῶνος (genitive singular)
τῇ Βᾰβῠλῶνῐ (dative singular)
τὴν Βᾰβῠλῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
Βᾰβῠλών (singular vocative)

desc

Greek: Βαβυλών (Vavylón), Βαβυλώνα (Vavylóna)

Latin: Babylōn

Russian: Вавилон (Vavilon)

Babylon (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, built on the banks of the Euphrates, which was the capital of Babylonia)


בית שמש

he-proper noun

בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ

בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ • (bet shémesh)

בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ (canonical)
bet shémesh (romanization)

From בית (bet, “house of”) + שמש (shémesh, “sun”).

affix

וְשִׁבַּר אֶת־מַצְּבוֹת בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם וְאֶת־בָּתֵּי אֱלֹהֵי־מִצְרַיִם יִשְׂרֹף בָּאֵשׁ׃

And He will shatter the pillars of Heliopolis in the land of Egypt, and the houses of the gods of Egypt he will burn in fire.

v'shibár et mats'vót bet shémesh ashér b'érets mitsráyim v'et baté elohé mitsráyim yisróf ba'ésh

(archaic, Biblical Hebrew) (historical) Heliopolis (The ancient capital of the 13th nome of Lower Egypt, located in the northern suburbs of modern Cairo, Egypt; known in Ancient Egyptian as Iunu and in later Coptic as On)


Troija

Troija (nominative singular)
Troija (accusative nominative singular)
Troijan (accusative genitive singular)
Troijan (genitive singular)
Troijaa (partitive singular)
Troijassa (inessive singular)
Troijasta (elative singular)
Troijaan (illative singular)
Troijalla (adessive singular)
Troijalta (ablative singular)
Troijalle (allative singular)
Troijana (essive singular)
Troijaksi (singular translative)
Troijatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Troijani (nominative singular)
Troijani (accusative nominative singular)
Troijani (accusative genitive singular)
Troijani (genitive singular)
Troijaani (partitive singular)
Troijassani (inessive singular)
Troijastani (elative singular)
Troijaani (illative singular)
Troijallani (adessive singular)
Troijaltani (ablative singular)
Troijalleni (allative singular)
Troijanani (essive singular)
Troijakseni (singular translative)
Troijattani (abessive singular)
Troijasi (nominative singular)
Troijasi (accusative nominative singular)
Troijasi (accusative genitive singular)
Troijasi (genitive singular)
Troijaasi (partitive singular)
Troijassasi (inessive singular)
Troijastasi (elative singular)
Troijaasi (illative singular)
Troijallasi (adessive singular)
Troijaltasi (ablative singular)
Troijallesi (allative singular)
Troijanasi (essive singular)
Troijaksesi (singular translative)
Troijattasi (abessive singular)
Troijamme (nominative singular)
Troijamme (accusative nominative singular)
Troijamme (accusative genitive singular)
Troijamme (genitive singular)
Troijaamme (partitive singular)
Troijassamme (inessive singular)
Troijastamme (elative singular)
Troijaamme (illative singular)
Troijallamme (adessive singular)
Troijaltamme (ablative singular)
Troijallemme (allative singular)
Troijanamme (essive singular)
Troijaksemme (singular translative)
Troijattamme (abessive singular)
Troijanne (nominative singular)
Troijanne (accusative nominative singular)
Troijanne (accusative genitive singular)
Troijanne (genitive singular)
Troijaanne (partitive singular)
Troijassanne (inessive singular)
Troijastanne (elative singular)
Troijaanne (illative singular)
Troijallanne (adessive singular)
Troijaltanne (ablative singular)
Troijallenne (allative singular)
Troijananne (essive singular)
Troijaksenne (singular translative)
Troijattanne (abessive singular)
Troijansa (nominative singular)
Troijansa (accusative nominative singular)
Troijansa (accusative genitive singular)
Troijansa (genitive singular)
Troijaansa (partitive singular)
Troijassaan (inessive singular)
Troijassansa (inessive singular)
Troijastaan (elative singular)
Troijastansa (elative singular)
Troijaansa (illative singular)
Troijallaan (adessive singular)
Troijallansa (adessive singular)
Troijaltaan (ablative singular)
Troijaltansa (ablative singular)
Troijalleen (allative singular)
Troijallensa (allative singular)
Troijanaan (essive singular)
Troijanansa (essive singular)
Troijakseen (singular translative)
Troijaksensa (singular translative)
Troijattaan (abessive singular)
Troijattansa (abessive singular)

Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Mycenae

From Latin Mycenae, Ancient Greek Μυκῆναι (Mukênai), the name of the Ancient Greek city, from Μυκήνη (Mukḗnē), a nymph in Greek mythology who lived around Mycenae. Doublet of Mykines.
Two traditional etymologies exist:
* According to Pausanias, Perseus, the legendary founder of the city, named it either after the cap of the sheath of his sword or after a mushroom he had plucked on the site (either way, the term would derive from Ancient Greek μύκης (múkēs)).
* Homer connected the name to the abovementioned Mycene (or Mykene), daughter of Inachus, first King of Argos (Odyssey, 2.120). Homer was not alone in identifying Inachus as a river god, and thus Mycene as a nymph.

1958, Alan John Bayard Wace, Elizabeth Bayard French, The Mycenae Tablets II, American Philosophical Society, page 1,
The excavators of Mycenae added in 1953 and 1954 important new materials to the small but excellent archives of Mycenae.

1992 [Routledge], Richard Tomlinson, From Mycenae to Constantinople, 2003, Taylor & Francis e-Library, page 31,
In 479 BC the citizen army of Mycenae marched to Plataea in Boeotia to join the other mainland Greek cities in inflicting the final defeat which terminated Xerxes' invasion of Greece.

The Prehistoric Cemetery at Mycenae provides our most coherent glimpse of the Middle Hellenic period at Mycenae.

2000, Maureen Joan Alden, Well Built Mycenae, Oxbow Books, page 1:

An ancient Greek city in the NE Peloponnesus on the plain of Argos, inhabited since about 4000 B.C.E.

Homer
Inachus
Mycenae
Mycene (mythology)
Odyssey
Pausanias
Perseus


Marion

en-prop

Marion (countable and uncountable, plural Marions)

From Middle English Marion, from Old French Marion, a diminutive of Marie, used in England since the Middle Ages.

An ancient city on the island of Cyprus.


Augusta

la-proper noun

Augusta f (genitive Augustae); first declension

Augustae (genitive)
Augusta (nominative singular)
Augustae (nominative plural)
Augustae (genitive singular)
Augustārum (genitive plural)
Augustae (dative singular)
Augustīs (dative plural)
Augustam (accusative singular)
Augustās (accusative plural)
Augustā (ablative singular)
Augustīs (ablative plural)
Augusta (singular vocative)
Augustae (plural vocative)

Franco-Provençal: Aoûta

Italian: Aosta, Augusta

Sicilian: Agusta

[äu̯ˈɡʊs̠t̪ä]

[äu̯ˈɡust̪ä]

Augusta Praetōria
Augusta Praetoria#Latin

Augusta Taurīnōrum
Augusta Taurinorum#Latin

Augusta Vindelicōrum
Augusta Vindelicorum#Latin

The name of several ancient towns, such as Augusta Praetōria (modern day Aosta), Augusta Taurīnōrum (modern day Turin) or Augusta Vindelicōrum (modern day Augsburg)


Samosata

Samosata n pl (genitive Samosatōrum); second declension

Samosatōrum (genitive)
Samosata (nominative plural)
Samosatōrum (genitive plural)
Samosatīs (dative plural)
Samosata (accusative plural)
Samosatīs (ablative plural)
Samosata (plural vocative)
Samosatīs (locative plural)

[s̠äˈmɔs̠ät̪ä]

[säˈmɔːs̬ät̪ä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σαμόσατα (Samósata).

An ancient city in southeast Anatolia, in modern Turkey, located near the banks of the Euphrates; modern Samsat.


Samosata

An ancient city in southeast Anatolia, in modern Turkey, located near the banks of the Euphrates; modern Samsat


Olympia

From Ancient Greek Ὀλυμπία (Olumpía), from Ὄλυμπος (Ólumpos, “Olympus”).

Olympia
Olympia, Greece
Olympia, Washington

An ancient city in Greece, home of the very first Olympic Games.


Olympia

de-proper noun

Olympia n (proper noun, genitive Olympias or (optionally with an article) Olympia)

Olympias (genitive)
Olympia (genitive with-article)


Olympia

Dalle sakkotuvvui juokke soaldat, gutte sisabođi Olympia basse ædnami.

1907 June 15, “Mailmehistorja”, in Nuorttanaste, volume 9, number 11, page 44:

At that time, any soldier that entered the holy grounds of Olympia was fined.

Dalle deaivvadedje almmáiolbmot juohke njealját jagi Olympias. Olympia lei gávpot dološ Greikkas.

2004, Erlin Persen, Bálgát 5, Iđut, →ISBN, page 99:

Back then, men met every four years in Olympia. Olympia was a city in Ancient Greece.

De olympiske lekene startet i Olympia i Hellas i år -776 og foregikk hvert fjerde år fram til 396 e.Kr.

2004 [1997], Jan Erik Gulbrandsen, Arve Melhus, translated by Berit Margrethe Oskal, Mega: Nuoraidskuvlladási matematihkka. Vuođđogirji 8A, N.W. Damm & Søn, translation of Mega: Matematikk for ungdomstrinnet. Grunnbok 8A, →ISBN, page 68:

The Olympic Games were started in Olympia in Greece in the year -776 and were held every four years until the year 396 AD.


Olympia

sk-proper noun

Olympia f (genitive singular Olympie, nominative plural Olympie, declension pattern of ulica)

Olympie (genitive singular)
Olympie (nominative plural)
ulica (declension-pattern-of)
Olympia (nominative singular)
Olympie (nominative plural)
Olympie (genitive singular)
Olympií (genitive plural)
Olympii (dative singular)
Olympiám (dative plural)
Olympiu (accusative singular)
Olympie (accusative plural)
Olympii (locative singular)
Olympiách (locative plural)
Olympiou (instrumental singular)
Olympiami (instrumental plural)

Olympia (an ancient city in Greece, home of the very first Olympic Games)


Carthage

From Middle French Carthage, from Latin Carthāgō, from Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt), possibly via Etruscan *𐌂𐌀𐌓𐌈𐌀𐌆𐌀 (*carθaza), from 𐤒𐤓𐤕 (qrt, “city”) + 𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (ḥdšt, “new”) as distinguished from the colonists' mother city of Tyre. More at Carthāgō.

1594, Christopher Marlowe, The Tragedie of Dido Queene of Carthage

(historical) An ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia.


Carthage

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)


Memphis

la-proper noun

Memphis f sg (genitive Memphidos or Memphis); third declension

Memphidos (genitive)
Memphis (genitive)
Memphis (nominative singular)
Memphidos (genitive singular)
Memphis (genitive singular)
Memphidī (dative singular)
Memphī (dative singular)
Memphida (accusative singular)
Memphim (accusative singular)
Memphin (accusative singular)
Memphide (ablative singular)
Memphe (ablative singular)
Memphis (singular vocative)
Memphi (singular vocative)
Memphidī (locative singular)
Memphide (locative singular)
Memphī (locative singular)
Memphe (locative singular)

From Ancient Greek Μέμφις (Mémphis), from Egyptian mn-nfr.


Դամասկոս

Damaskos (romanization)
Դամասկոս (nominative singular uncountable)
Դամասկեայ (genitive singular uncountable)
Դամասկեայ (dative singular uncountable)
Դամասկոս (accusative singular uncountable)
Դամասկեայ (ablative singular uncountable)
Դամասկեաւ (instrumental singular uncountable)
Դամասկոս (locative singular uncountable)
Դամասկոս (nominative singular uncountable)
Դամասկոսի (genitive singular uncountable)
Դամասկոսի (dative singular uncountable)
Դամասկոս (accusative singular uncountable)
Դամասկոսէ (ablative singular uncountable)
Դամասկոսիւ (instrumental singular uncountable)
Դամասկոսի (locative singular uncountable)

Armenian: Դամասկոս (Damaskos)

Damascus (an ancient city in Western Asia)


Sparta

spartański (adjective)
Sparta (nominative singular)
Sparty (genitive singular)
Sparcie (dative singular)
Spartę (accusative singular)
Spartą (instrumental singular)
Sparcie (locative singular)
Sparto (singular vocative)

Sparta (a city in Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece)


Καφαρναούμ

grc-proper noun

Καφαρναούμ • (Kapharnaoúm) f (indeclinable)

Kapharnaoúm (romanization)
Καπαρναούμ (alternative)
Καπερναούμ (alternative)

→ Latin: Capharnāum

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew כְּפַר נַחוּם (kəp̄ar naḥūm, “Nahum's village”).

bor

כְּפַר נַחוּם

Capernaum (an ancient town in Galilee, Israel, a biblical and archaeological site).


Heliopolis

Borrowed from Latin Hēliopolis, from Ancient Greek Ἡλίου πόλις (Hēlíou pólis, “Sun City”), from the important solar cults of Ra and Baal. Doublet of Surajpur.

der

(historical) The ancient capital of the 13th nome of Lower Egypt, located in the northern suburbs of modern Cairo, Egypt; known in Ancient Egyptian as Iunu and in later Coptic as On.

(historical) An ancient city in modern Lebanon; modern Baalbek.


Heliopolis

la-proper noun

Hēliopolis f sg (genitive Hēliopolis or Hēliopoleos or Hēliopolios); third declension

Hēliopolis (canonical feminine singular)
Hēliopolis (genitive)
Hēliopoleos (genitive)
Hēliopolios (genitive)
Hēliopolis (nominative singular)
Hēliopolis (genitive singular)
Hēliopoleos (genitive singular)
Hēliopolios (genitive singular)
Hēliopolī (dative singular)
Hēliopolim (accusative singular)
Hēliopolin (accusative singular)
Hēliopolī (ablative singular)
Hēliopolis (singular vocative)
Hēliopolī (singular vocative)
Hēliopolī (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἡλιούπολις (Hēlioúpolis, “city of the sun”).

bor

Heliopolis (an ancient city in Lower Egypt, near modern Cairo, Egypt)


און

אֹן (canonical)
אָוֶן (canonical)
on (romanization)
áven (romanization)

From Egyptian jwnw. The alternate pronunciation is dysphemistically influenced by אָוֶון (áven, “wickedness”).

וַיִּקְרָא פַרְעֹה שֵׁם־יוֹסֵף צׇפְנַת פַּעְנֵחַ וַיִּתֶּן־לוֹ אֶת־אׇסְנַת בַּת־פּוֹטִי פֶרַע כֹּהֵן אֹן לְאִשָּׁה וַיֵּצֵא יוֹסֵף עַל־אֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם׃

And Pharaoh called Joseph's name Zaphnath-Paaneah, and gave him Asenath daughter of Poti-phera priest of Heliopolis as a wife, and Joseph went out over the land of Egypt.

vayikrá far'ó shem yoséf tsofnát pa'néakh vayitén-lo et-osnát bat poti féra' kohén ón l'ishá vayetsé yoséf 'al-érets mitsráyim.

בַּחוּרֵי אָוֶן וּפִי־בֶסֶת בַּחֶרֶב יִפֹּלוּ וְהֵנָּה בַּשְּׁבִי תֵלַכְנָה׃

The youths of Heliopolis and Bubastis will fall by the sword, and they will go in captivity.

bakhuré áven ufí véset bakhérev yipólu v'hénah bash'ví telákhna

(historical) Heliopolis (The ancient capital of the 13th nome of Lower Egypt, located in the northern suburbs of modern Cairo, Egypt; known in Ancient Egyptian as Iunu and in later Coptic as On)


Jinan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 紀南 /纪南 (Jìnán).

Ji'nan (alternative)
Tsinan (alternative)
Chinan (alternative)
Chi-nan (alternative)

The ancient capital of the former State of Chu in modern Hubei, China.

紀南 /纪南

capital of former State of Chu; town in eastern China


Bethel

From Hebrew בֵּיתְאֵל (betél, “Bethel”, literally “house of Ēl/God”).

An ancient town in Palestine, generally identified with modern Beitin in the West Bank; the site of Abraham's first altar.


Cora

la-proper noun

Cora f sg (genitive Corae); first declension

Corae (genitive)
Cora (nominative singular)
Corae (genitive singular)
Corae (dative singular)
Coram (accusative singular)
Corā (ablative singular)
Cora (singular vocative)
Corae (locative singular)

An ancient city in Latium, situated between Norba and Velitrae, now Cori


Ἄβυδος

grc-proper noun

Ἄβῡδος • (Ábūdos) f (genitive Ἄβῡδου); second declension

Ἄβῡδος (canonical)
Ábūdos (romanization)
Ἄβῡδου (genitive)
ἡ Ἄβυδος (nominative singular)
τῆς Ἀβύδου (genitive singular)
τῇ Ἀβύδῳ (dative singular)
τὴν Ἄβυδον (accusative singular)
Ἄβυδε (singular vocative)

Greek: Άβυδος (Ávydos)

→ Latin: Abȳdus, Abidos, Aboedos

The name of the Egyptian city is borrowed from Egyptian Ab-b-Dw:O49 (ꜣbḏw).

bor+

Abydos (an ancient city in Egypt) with archaeological interest.

Abydos (An ancient city of Mysia in northwest Asia Minor in modern Turkey, on the Hellespont).


Ἄλβη

grc-proper noun

Ἄλβη • (Álbē) f (genitive Ἄλβης); first declension

Álbē (romanization)
Ἄλβης (genitive)
ἡ Ἄλβη (nominative singular)
τῆς Ἄλβης (genitive singular)
τῇ Ἄλβῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Ἄλβην (accusative singular)
Ἄλβη (singular vocative)

Greek: Άλβη (Álvi)

Alternative form of Ἄλβα (Álba), a place name:

Alba Longa (an ancient city in Latium, in modern Italy)

Hispania Citerior
Hispania Citerior#English

An ancient town in the Roman province of Hispania Citerior, in modern eastern Spain

Alba Pompeia (an ancient city in modern Liguria, Italy, present-day Alba)

An ancient city in Crete, in modern Greece


Hermione

From the Ancient Greek Ἑρμῐόνη (Hermĭónē). Not related to German Hermine.


Βέροια

Βέροιᾰ • (Béroiă) f (genitive Βεροίᾱς); first declension

Βέροιᾰ (canonical)
Béroiă (romanization)
Βεροίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Βέροιᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ Βεροίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ Βέροιαι (nominative plural)
τῆς Βεροίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν Βεροίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν Βεροιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ Βεροίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν Βεροίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς Βεροίαις (dative plural)
τὴν Βέροιᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ Βεροίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς Βεροίᾱς (accusative plural)
Βέροιᾰ (singular vocative)
Βεροίᾱ (dual vocative)
Βέροιαι (plural vocative)
Βεροίη (alternative)
Βέρροιᾰ (alternative)

English: Beroea; Berea

Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 (bairauja)

Greek: Βέροια (Véroia) (also commonly Veria)

Latin: Beroea

Compare Ancient Macedonian Φέροιᾰ (Phéroiă).

Aleppo#Classical antiquity
Stara Zagora#History
Veria#History

Beroea (an ancient city in Aleppo, Syria)


Βραυρών

Βραυρών • (Braurṓn) f (genitive Βραυρῶνος); third declension

Braurṓn (romanization)
Βραυρῶνος (genitive)
ἡ Βραυρών (nominative singular)
τῆς Βραυρῶνος (genitive singular)
τῇ Βραυρῶνῐ (dative singular)
τὴν Βραυρῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
Βραυρών (singular vocative)

Greek: Βραυρών (Vravrón); Βραυρώνα (Vravróna)

Latin: Brauron

110 CE – 180 CE, Pausanias Periegeta, Graeciae Descriptio 1.33.1

64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 9.1

Brauron (an ancient city in Attica, Greece)


Καλυδών

Κᾰλῠδών • (Kălŭdṓn) f or m (genitive Κᾰλῠδῶνος); third declension

Κᾰλῠδών (canonical)
Kălŭdṓn (romanization)
Κᾰλῠδῶνος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ Κᾰλῠδών (nominative singular)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς Κᾰλῠδῶνος (genitive singular)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ Κᾰλῠδῶνῐ (dative singular)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν Κᾰλῠδῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
Κᾰλῠδών (singular vocative)

Greek: Καλυδών (Kalydón); Καλυδώνα (Kalydóna)

Latin: Calydon

(feminine) Calydon (an ancient city in Aetolia, Greece)


Καμάρινα

Κᾰμάρῑνα • (Kămárīna) f (genitive Κᾰμᾰρῑ́νης); first declension

Κᾰμάρῑνα (canonical)
Kămárīna (romanization)
Κᾰμᾰρῑ́νης (genitive)
ἡ Καμάρινᾰ (nominative singular)
τῆς Καμαρίνης (genitive singular)
τῇ Καμαρίνῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Καμάρινᾰν (accusative singular)
Καμάρινᾰ (singular vocative)

Kamarina (an ancient city on the southern coast of Sicily in Magna Graecia)


Καρχηδών

Καρχηδών • (Karkhēdṓn) f (genitive Καρχηδόνος); third declension

Karkhēdṓn (romanization)
Καρχηδόνος (genitive)
ἡ Καρχηδών (nominative singular)
τῆς Καρχηδόνος (genitive singular)
τῇ Καρχηδόνῐ (dative singular)
τὴν Καρχηδόνᾰ (accusative singular)
Καρχηδών (singular vocative)

Greek: Καρχηδόνα (Karchidóna)

→ Latin: Carchēdōn

Likely borrowed from unattested Phoenician *𐤊𐤓𐤊-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (*krk-ḥdšt, “new city”) (cf. Aramaic כַּרְכָא, Hebrew כְּרַךְ), variant of 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt), hence doublet of Χαλκηδών (Khalkēdṓn, “Chalcedon”).

cog

Aramaic כַּרְכָא

Hebrew כְּרַךְ

doublet

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)


Ἑρμιόνη

grc-proper noun

Ἑρμιόνη • (Hermiónē) f (genitive Ἑρμιόνης); first declension

Hermiónē (romanization)
Ἑρμιόνης (genitive)
ἡ Ἑρμιόνη (nominative singular)
τῆς Ἑρμιόνης (genitive singular)
τῇ Ἑρμιόνῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Ἑρμιόνην (accusative singular)
Ἑρμιόνη (singular vocative)

Greek: Ερμιόνη (Ermióni)

Latin: Hermionē

Ermioni (an ancient city in Argolis, Greece)


Κλεωναί

Κλεωναί • (Kleōnaí) f pl (genitive Κλεωνῶν); first declension

Kleōnaí (romanization)
Κλεωνῶν (genitive)
αἱ Κλεωναί (nominative plural)
τῶν Κλεωνῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς Κλεωναῖς (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς Κλεωνᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
Κλεωναί (plural vocative)

Greek: Κλεωνές (Kleonés)

Latin: Cleōnae

Cleonae, Kleones (an ancient city in Argolis, Greece)


רומא

he-proper noun

רוֹמָא • (róma) f

Ultimately from Latin Roma. Attested in the Talmud, and still in use.

Rome (A city on the Tiber River on the Italian peninsula; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; the capital city of Italy; the capital city of the region of Lazio)


Κούναξα

grc-proper noun

Κούναξα • (Koúnaxa) n (genitive Κουνάξων); second declension

Koúnaxa (romanization)
Κουνάξων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ Κούνᾰξᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν Κουνᾰ́ξων (genitive plural)
τοῖς Κουνᾰ́ξοις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ Κούνᾰξᾰ (accusative plural)
Κούνᾰξᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: Κούναξα (Koúnaxa)

→ Latin: Cūnaxa

Cunaxa (an ancient village and site of a major Persian battle in 401 BCE, located 50 miles north of Bablyon and usually identified with the village of Al Nasiffiyat in modern-day Iraq)


Ἴστρος

Ἴστρος • (Ístros) m or f (genitive Ἴστρου); second declension

Ístros (romanization)
Ἴστρου (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ Ῐ̓́στρος (nominative singular)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς Ῐ̓́στρου (genitive singular)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ Ῐ̓́στρῳ (dative singular)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν Ῐ̓́στρον (accusative singular)
Ῐ̓́στρε (singular vocative)

Greek: Ίστρος (Ístros)

Latin: Istrus

(feminine) Istros, Histria (an ancient city and Milesian colony; a now Istria in Constanța County, Romania)


Ἐπίδαυρος

Ἐπίδαυρος • (Epídauros) f (genitive Ἐπῐδαύρου); second declension

Epídauros (romanization)
Ἐπῐδαύρου (genitive)
ἡ Ἐπίδαυρος (nominative singular)
τῆς Ἐπιδαύρου (genitive singular)
τῇ Ἐπιδαύρῳ (dative singular)
τὴν Ἐπίδαυρον (accusative singular)
Ἐπίδαυρε (singular vocative)

Greek: Επίδαυρος (Epídavros)

→ Latin: Epidaurus

According to Strabo, the city was originally named Ἐπίταυρος (Epítauros) under the Ionians, before taking the name Ἐπίκαρος (Epíkaros) under the Carians, before finally becoming Ἐπίδαυρος under the Dorians. Compare the individual elements ἐπί (epí, “upon”), ταῦρος (taûros, “bull”), Καρία (Karía, “Carian”), and Δωριεύς (Dōrieús), Δωριεῖς (Dōrieîs, “Dorians”). Also compare the mythological hero of the same name.

Epidaurus (an ancient town on the Argolid Peninsula, Greece, famous for its theatre).


Αἴτνη

Αἴτνη • (Aítnē) f (genitive Αἴτνης); first declension

Aítnē (romanization)
Αἴτνης (genitive)
ἡ Αἴτνη (nominative singular)
τῆς Αἴτνης (genitive singular)
τῇ Αἴτνῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Αἴτνην (accusative singular)
Αἴτνη (singular vocative)

→ Latin: Aetna (see there for more)

Uncertain, possibly from a Pre-Greek substrate. Suggested connection with Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“burn; fire”), with dʰ > t through Siculan dialect. If so, then cognate with Ancient Greek αἴθω (aíthō, “I burn”), Latin aestus (“hot”), aestās (“summer”), possibly aedis (“shrine, temple”).

inh

Κατάνη (Katánē)
Κατάνη

Λεοντῖνοι (Leontînoi)
Λεοντῖνοι

(Toponym) Aetna (an ancient city in Sicily); Diodorus Siculus and Strabo write that Hiero conquered Κατάνη (Katánē) and deported its inhabitants to Λεοντῖνοι (Leontînoi), repopulating it with Greeks of Doric descent and changing its name to Aítnā.


Λεοντῖνοι

grc-proper noun

Λεοντῖνοι • (Leontînoi) m (genitive Λεοντῑ́νων); second declension

Leontînoi (romanization)
Λεοντῑ́νων (genitive)
οἱ Λεοντῖνοι (nominative plural)
τῶν Λεοντῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τοῖς Λεοντῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τοὺς Λεοντῑ́νους (accusative plural)
Λεοντῖνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: Λεοντίνοι (Leontínoi)

Latin: Leontīnī

Sicilian: Lintini

Italian: Lentini

From the genitive stem of λέων (léōn, “lion”) + the plural form of -ῖνος (-înos, “suffix forming adjectives of place”), meaning “the ones related to lions”. Compare the demonym Βυζαντῖνος (Buzantînos).

36 BCE – 30 BCE, Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library 14.14

110 CE – 180 CE, Pausanias Periegeta, Graeciae Descriptio 5.22.7

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.4

390 BCE, Plato, Hippias Major 282b

200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 7.6

46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Nicias 12

Leontini (an ancient city, modern-day Lentini in the province of Syracuse, Sicily, Italy)


Troya

Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Μεθώνη

Μεθώνη • (Methṓnē) f (genitive Μεθώνης); first declension

Methṓnē (romanization)
Μεθώνης (genitive)
ἡ Μεθώνη (nominative singular)
τῆς Μεθώνης (genitive singular)
τῇ Μεθώνῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Μεθώνην (accusative singular)
Μεθώνη (singular vocative)

Greek: Μεθώνη (Methóni)

desctree

Latin: Methōnē
Dutch: Methone
English: Methone
French: Méthone
German: Methone
Italian: Metone
Spanish: Metone

Venetan: Modon

Italian: Modone

(historical) Methone (an ancient city near present-day Methoni in Peloponnese, Greece)


Troia

la-proper noun

Troia f sg (genitive Troiae); first declension

Troiae (genitive)
Troia (nominative singular)
Troiae (genitive singular)
Troiae (dative singular)
Troiam (accusative singular)
Troiā (ablative singular)
Troia (singular vocative)
Troiae (locative singular)
Troja (alternative)
Troga (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τροίᾱ (Troíā).


Θεοδοσία

grc-proper noun

Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱ • (Theodosĭ́ā) f (genitive Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱς); first declension

Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
Theodosĭ́ā (romanization)
Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ Θεοδοσῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
Θεοδοσῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
Θευδοσῐ́ᾱ (alternative)

Greek: Θεοδοσία (Theodosía)

→ Latin: Theodosia

→ Macedonian: Теодосија (Teodosija)

→ Polish: Teodozja

→ Russian: Феодосия (Feodosija)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Теодосија

Latin script: Teodosija

desc

→ Ukrainian: Теодо́сія (Teodósija), Феодосія (Feodosija)

From θεός (theós, “god”) + δοτός (dotós, “given”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā), literally meaning “given by god”.

af

Νῦν δὲ λέγεται ἡ Θευδοσία τῇ Ἀλανικῇ ἤτοι τῇ Ταυρικῇ διαλέκτῳ Ἀρδάβδα, τουτέστιν ἑπτάθεος.

Nûn dè légetai hē Theudosía têi Alanikêi ḗtoi têi Taurikêi dialéktōi Ardábda, toutéstin heptátheos.

Ἀρδάβδᾱ

amongst the [[w:Tauri|Tauri]] and [[w:Alans|Alans]]

Theodosia (an ancient city in Crimea; modern Feodosia)


Θούριοι

grc-proper noun

Θούρῐοι • (Thoúrĭoi) m pl (genitive Θουρῐ́ων); second declension

Θούρῐοι (canonical)
Thoúrĭoi (romanization)
Θουρῐ́ων (genitive)
οἱ Θούρῐοι (nominative plural)
τῶν Θουρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τοῖς Θουρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τοὺς Θουρῐ́ους (accusative plural)
Θούρῐοι (plural vocative)
Θούρῐον (alternative)

Greek: Θούριοι (Thoúrioi)

Latin: Thūriī

Thurii (an ancient city in Magna Graecia, near modern Sibari, Calabria, Italy)


Θυρέα

Θυρέᾱ • (Thuréā) f (genitive Θυρέᾱς); first declension

Θυρέᾱ (canonical)
Thuréā (romanization)
Θυρέᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Θυρέᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς Θυρέᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ Θυρέᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν Θυρέᾱν (accusative singular)
Θυρέᾱ (singular vocative)

Greek: Θυρέα (Thyréa)

Latin: Thyrea

Thyrea (the ancient capital of Cynuria district, Peloponnesus, Greece)


Ἰτύκη

Ἰτύκη • (Itúkē) f (genitive Ἰτύκης); first declension

Itúkē (romanization)
Ἰτύκης (genitive)
ἡ Ἰτύκη (nominative singular)
τῆς Ἰτύκης (genitive singular)
τῇ Ἰτύκῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Ἰτύκην (accusative singular)
Ἰτύκη (singular vocative)

Greek: Ιτύκη (Itýki)

Utica (an ancient city and Phoenician colony on the African coast near Carthage in modern Bizerte Governorate, Tunisia).


Róm

Rómae (genitive)
Róm (nominative singular)
Róm (singular vocative)
Róim (accusative singular)
Rómae (genitive singular)
Róim (dative singular)

Middle Irish: Róim

Irish: An Róimh

Manx: Yn Raue

Scottish Gaelic: An Ròimh

For·comnacair buith a maicc-som hí Róim.

.i. ind Róm fil hí Constantinopoil. Ar ro·hucad airechas inna Rómae co Constantinopoil, rucad dano aainmm.

i.e. the Rome that is in Constantinople. Because the Roman Empire was brought to Constantinople, its name was thus brought with it.

"Ní maith a ndu·gní," ol Pátraic. "Día léicthe dam-sa congbáil súnd, roba[d] tánaise Romae Letha cona Tibir tréthi, mo chathir-se cona Ess Rúaid trea, ⁊ robad do chland-su betis comarpai indi.

"What you're doing isn't good." said Patrick. "If you let me have a settlement here, my city, with its Ess Rúaid [flowing] through it, could have been a second Rome in Latium with its Tiber [flowing] through it, and it would be your children who would be my successors therein."

Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; the capital city of the Papal States)


Ninive

Ninive (nominative singular)
Ninive (accusative nominative singular)
Niniven (accusative genitive singular)
Niniven (genitive singular)
Niniveä (partitive singular)
Ninivessä (inessive singular)
Ninivestä (elative singular)
Niniveen (illative singular)
Ninivellä (adessive singular)
Niniveltä (ablative singular)
Ninivelle (allative singular)
Ninivenä (essive singular)
Niniveksi (singular translative)
Ninivettä (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Niniveni (nominative singular)
Niniveni (accusative nominative singular)
Niniveni (accusative genitive singular)
Niniveni (genitive singular)
Niniveäni (partitive singular)
Ninivessäni (inessive singular)
Ninivestäni (elative singular)
Niniveeni (illative singular)
Ninivelläni (adessive singular)
Niniveltäni (ablative singular)
Ninivelleni (allative singular)
Ninivenäni (essive singular)
Ninivekseni (singular translative)
Ninivettäni (abessive singular)
Ninivesi (nominative singular)
Ninivesi (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivesi (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivesi (genitive singular)
Niniveäsi (partitive singular)
Ninivessäsi (inessive singular)
Ninivestäsi (elative singular)
Niniveesi (illative singular)
Ninivelläsi (adessive singular)
Niniveltäsi (ablative singular)
Ninivellesi (allative singular)
Ninivenäsi (essive singular)
Niniveksesi (singular translative)
Ninivettäsi (abessive singular)
Ninivemme (nominative singular)
Ninivemme (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivemme (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivemme (genitive singular)
Niniveämme (partitive singular)
Ninivessämme (inessive singular)
Ninivestämme (elative singular)
Niniveemme (illative singular)
Ninivellämme (adessive singular)
Niniveltämme (ablative singular)
Ninivellemme (allative singular)
Ninivenämme (essive singular)
Niniveksemme (singular translative)
Ninivettämme (abessive singular)
Ninivenne (nominative singular)
Ninivenne (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivenne (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivenne (genitive singular)
Niniveänne (partitive singular)
Ninivessänne (inessive singular)
Ninivestänne (elative singular)
Niniveenne (illative singular)
Ninivellänne (adessive singular)
Niniveltänne (ablative singular)
Ninivellenne (allative singular)
Ninivenänne (essive singular)
Niniveksenne (singular translative)
Ninivettänne (abessive singular)
Ninivensä (nominative singular)
Ninivensä (accusative nominative singular)
Ninivensä (accusative genitive singular)
Ninivensä (genitive singular)
Niniveään (partitive singular)
Niniveänsä (partitive singular)
Ninivessään (inessive singular)
Ninivessänsä (inessive singular)
Ninivestään (elative singular)
Ninivestänsä (elative singular)
Niniveensä (illative singular)
Ninivellään (adessive singular)
Ninivellänsä (adessive singular)
Niniveltään (ablative singular)
Niniveltänsä (ablative singular)
Ninivelleen (allative singular)
Ninivellensä (allative singular)
Ninivenään (essive singular)
Ninivenänsä (essive singular)
Ninivekseen (singular translative)
Niniveksensä (singular translative)
Ninivettään (abessive singular)
Ninivettänsä (abessive singular)

Nineveh (an ancient city in Assyria, in modern Iraq, near Mosul)


Troie

→ Vietnamese: Tơ-roa

(Ancient Greece) Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Trója

cs-proper noun

Trója f (relational adjective trojánský or trojský, demonym Trójan, female demonym Trójanka)

trojánský (adjective relational)
trojský (adjective relational)
Trójan (demonym)
Trójanka (demonym feminine)
Trója (nominative singular)
Tróji (nominative plural)
Tróje (nominative plural)
Tróji (genitive singular)
Tróje (genitive singular)
Trój (genitive plural)
Trójí (genitive plural)
Tróje (dative singular)
Tróji (dative singular)
Trójám (dative plural)
Trójím (dative plural)
Tróju (accusative singular)
Tróji (accusative plural)
Tróje (accusative plural)
Trójo (singular vocative)
Tróji (plural vocative)
Tróje (plural vocative)
Tróje (locative singular)
Tróji (locative singular)
Trójách (locative plural)
Trójích (locative plural)
Trójou (instrumental singular)
Trójami (instrumental plural)
Trójemi (instrumental plural)
Troja (alternative)


Trója

Trója (nominative singular)
Tróját (accusative singular)
Trójának (dative singular)
Trójával (instrumental singular)
Trójáért (causal-final singular)
Trójává (singular translative)
Trójáig (singular terminative)
Trójaként (essive-formal singular)
Trójában (inessive singular)
Tróján (singular superessive)
Trójánál (adessive singular)
Trójába (illative singular)
Trójára (singular sublative)
Trójához (allative singular)
Trójából (elative singular)
Trójáról (delative singular)
Trójától (ablative singular)
Trójáé (singular)
Trójáéi (singular)
Trójám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Trójád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Trójája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Trójánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Trójátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Trójájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Ερυθραία

Erythraía (romanization)
Ερυθραία (nominative singular)
Ερυθραίες (nominative plural)
Ερυθραίας (genitive singular)
Ερυθραιών (genitive plural)
Ερυθραία (accusative singular)
Ερυθραίες (accusative plural)
Ερυθραία (singular vocative)
Ερυθραίες (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek Ἐρῠθραίᾱ (Erŭthraíā) (adjective), feminine of adjective Ἐρυθραῖος (Eruthraîos), from ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “red”). Substantivised by ellipsis of a noun e.g. χώρα f (khṓra, “land, country”) for the peninsula of Asia Minor where Ἐρυθραί f (Eruthraí, “the city of Erythrae”) was situated.

Ἐρυθραί

Eruthraí, other cities with a similar name

Ερυθραιώτης

Erythraean or from the suburb New Erythraea

(historical) An ancient city in Boeotia, in modern Greece


שושן

he-proper noun

שׁוּשָׁן • (shushán)

שׁוּשָׁן (canonical)
shushán (romanization)

Ultimately from Elamite 𒀸𒋗𒊺𒂗 (šušen). Compare Old Persian 𐏂𐎢𐏁𐎠 (ç-u-š-a /çūšā/) and Ancient Greek Σοῦσα (Soûsa).

בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם כְּשֶׁבֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ עַל כִּסֵּא מַלְכוּתוֹ אֲשֶׁר בְּשׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה׃

Tanach, Esther [[s:he:T3301#א_ב|1:2]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

that in those days, when the king Ahasuerus sat on the throne of his kingdom, which was in Shushan the castle,

bayamím hahém k'shévet hamélekh 'akhashverósh 'al kisé mal'khutó 'ashér b'shushan habirá.

Susa, Shushan (the ancient capital of Elam, in modern Iran)


Roma

A city on the Tiber River on the Italian peninsula; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; the capital city of Italy; the capital city of the region of Lazio.


Roma

la-proper noun

Rōma f sg (genitive Rōmae); first declension

Rōma (canonical feminine singular)
Rōmae (genitive)
Rōma (nominative singular)
Rōmae (genitive singular)
Rōmae (dative singular)
Rōmam (accusative singular)
Rōmā (ablative singular)
Rōma (singular vocative)
Rōmae (locative singular)
R (alternative)

desctree

Italian: Roma
→ Burmese: ရောမ (rau:ma.)
→ Japanese: ローマ (Rōma) (perhaps via Portuguese Roma)
→ Korean: 로마 (roma)

Old French: Rome, Rume, Rumme (Anglo-Norman)
French: Rome
→ Guianese Creole: Ròm
→ Haitian Creole: Wòm
→ Persian: رم (rom)
→ Lao: ໂຣມ (rōm)
Norman: Rome
Picard: Rome
Walloon: Rome

Old Occitan:

Occitan: Roma

Catalan: Roma

West Iberian

Old Galician-Portuguese: Roma
Galician: Roma
Portuguese: Roma

Old Spanish: Roma

Spanish: Roma

Sicilian: Ruma, Roma

Borrowings

→ Ancient Greek: Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)
Greek: Ρώμη (Rómi)
→ Arabic: رُومِية (rūmiya)
→ Aramaic: רומא
Classical Syriac: ܪܘܡܐ (Rōmāʾ, Rōmēʾ)
→ Old Armenian: Հռովմ (Hṙovm), Հռոմ (Hṙom)
Armenian: Հռոմ (Hṙom)
→ Egyptian: h:r:M-t*t:xAst (hrm)
→ Parthian: (/Frōm/)
Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭓𐭅𐭌 (prwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫇𐫖 (frwm)
→ Sogdian: ("Rome, Byzantium")
Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫡𐫀𐫇𐫖 (βrʾwm /Frūm, Frōm/)
Sogdian script: 𐽃𐽀𐼴𐼺 (frwm /Frūm/)
→ Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰆𐰺𐰢 (pur¹m /purum/) ("Byzantium, Greek")
→ Chinese: 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (via Iranian)
→ Middle Persian: (/Hrōm/, “Rome; Byzantine”)
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlwm)
Manichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫖 (hrwm)
Pazend script: 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬨 (arōm)
Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬𐭩 (ḥlwmy), Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (ḥlwm)
Persian: روم (rum), اروم (orum) (rare, obsolete)
→ Ottoman Turkish: روم (rum)

→ Arabic: روما (rūmā)

→ Proto-Celtic: *Rūmā (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Germanic: *Rūmō (see there for further descendants)

→ Southern Common Slavic: *Rymъ

Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: Ⱃⰹⰿⱏ (Rimŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Bulgarian: Рим (Rim)
Macedonian: Рим (Rim)
→ Old East Slavic: Римъ (Rimŭ)
Old Ruthenian: Римъ (Rim)
Belarusian: Рым (Rym)
Carpathian Rusyn: Рим (Rym)
Ukrainian: Рим (Rym)
Russian: Рим (Rim)
→ Romanian: Râm (obsolete)

Proto-Western South Slavic: *Rĩmъ

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Ри̑м

Latin script: Rȋm

Slovene: Rím (tonal orthography)

→ Old Czech: Řím
Czech: Řím
→ Kashubian: Rzim
→ Old Polish: Rzym
Polish: Rzym
→ Silesian: Rzim
→ Slovak: Rím

→ Mishnaic Hebrew: רומא

Israeli Hebrew: רומא (róma)

desc

→ Middle Persian: [Term?] (/Hrōmāyīg/, “Roman, Greek”)

→ Old Irish: Róm (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: Roma

Uncertain.
* Roman mythology derived the name from Rōmulus, name of the legendary founder and first king. This is almost certainly a folk etymology, and the name of the mythical figure is more likely derived from the city name.
* The word may derive from *Roumon- or *Roumen-, an archaic name for the Tiber river that would be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (“to flow”) (for which compare Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “river”) and Στρῡμών (Strūmṓn, “Strymon, Struma”), Albanian rrymë (“stream”), Proto-Slavic *strumy (“stream”), Lithuanian stràuma (“stream”), and perhaps also Latin rūmen). If so, the intermediate source may have been an Indo-European substrate.
* The word may be of Etruscan origin, as 𐌓𐌖𐌌𐌀 (ruma) was one of the Etruscan gentes, from 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). Given the lack of a secure Indo-European etymology for Rōma, this possibility is most appealing.

Ut Roma iugum omnibus terris imponeret.

Venit Roma.

Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; the capital city of modern-day Italy)


Roma

Spanish: Roma

From Latin Rōma. Compare Old Galician-Portuguese Roma.

Sant peẏdro fo p̃dicar en roma. e por occaſiõ de ſimõ magus el encantador. nero el enꝑador fizolo meter en .+. dela cabeça aẏuſo e delos pies aſuſo.

c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 79r:

Saint Peter went to Rome to preach, and because of Simon Magus the sorcerer Nero the emperor had him put on a cross with his head down and his feet up.


Methone

From Latin Methōnē, from Ancient Greek Μεθώνη (Methṓnē). Doublet of Methoni and Modon.

(historical) An ancient city near present-day Methoni in Peloponnese, Greece.


Methone

la-proper noun

Methōnē f sg (genitive Methōnēs); first declension

Methōnē (canonical feminine singular)
Methōnēs (genitive)
Methōnē (nominative singular)
Methōnēs (genitive singular)
Methōnae (dative singular)
Methōnēn (accusative singular)
Methōnē (ablative singular)
Methōnē (singular vocative)
Methōnae (locative singular)

Dutch: Methone

English: Methone

French: Méthone

German: Methone

Italian: Metone

Spanish: Metone


Chalcis

An ancient town in Aeolis, in modern Turkey.

An ancient town in Aetolia, in modern Greece.

An ancient town in Elis, in modern Greece.

An ancient town in Epirus, in modern Greece.

An ancient town in modern northern Syria, now known as Qinnasrin.


Chalcis

Chalcis f sg (genitive Chalcidis or Chalcidos); third declension

Chalcidis (genitive)
Chalcidos (genitive)

[ˈkʰäɫ̪kɪs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Χαλκίς (Khalkís).

Chalcis (an ancient town in Aeolis, in modern Turkey)

Chalcis (an ancient town in Aetolia, in modern Greece)

Chalcis (an ancient town in Elis, in modern Greece)

Chalcis (an ancient town in Epirus, in modern Greece)

Chalcis (an ancient town in modern northern Syria)


Cydonia

Cydōnia f sg (genitive Cydōniae); first declension

Cydōnia (canonical feminine singular)
Cydōniae (genitive)
Cydōnia (nominative singular)
Cydōniae (genitive singular)
Cydōniae (dative singular)
Cydōniam (accusative singular)
Cydōniā (ablative singular)
Cydōnia (singular vocative)
Cydōniae (locative singular)
Cydōnēa (alternative)

English: Cydonia

Translingual: Cydonia

From Ancient Greek Κυδωνία (Kudōnía), q.v.

(historical) Cydonia (an ancient city on the island of Crete, Greece)


Cornus

Cornus f sg (genitive Cornī); second declension

Cornī (genitive)
Cornus (nominative singular)
Cornī (genitive singular)
Cornō (dative singular)
Cornum (accusative singular)
Cornō (ablative singular)
Corne (singular vocative)
Cornī (locative singular)

An ancient city on the west coast of Sardinia


חמת

Koine Greek: Ἐμμαοῦς (Emmaoûs)

Latin: Emmaus

English: Emmaus

Ottoman Turkish: عمواس (Amvas)

(historical) Various ancient cities in Levant


Sodoma

Sodoma (nominative singular)
Sodoman (accusative singular)
Sodoman (genitive singular)
Sodoman (dative singular)

From Ancient Greek Σόδομα (Sódoma), from the Biblical Hebrew סְדֹם (s'dóm).

Sodom (ancient Biblical city in Canaan, destroyed due to its sinfulness)


Smirne

Borrowed from Latin Smyrna, from Ancient Greek Σμύρνα (Smúrna).

Smyrna (an ancient city in Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Ephesus

From Latin Ephesus, from Ancient Greek Ἔφεσος (Éphesos).

An ancient city in Anatolia, near Selcuk in modern Turkey.


Ephesus

Ephesus f sg (genitive Ephesī); second declension

Ephesī (genitive)
Ephesus (nominative singular)
Ephesī (genitive singular)
Ephesō (dative singular)
Ephesum (accusative singular)
Ephesō (ablative singular)
Ephese (singular vocative)
Ephesī (locative singular)

Catalan: Efes

French: Éphèse

Italian: Efeso

Portuguese: Éfeso

Romanian: Efes

Spanish: Éfeso

[ˈɛpʰɛs̠ʊs̠]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔφεσος (Éphesos).

Ephesus (an ancient city in Anatolia, in modern Turkey)


Uruk

From Akkadian 𒌷𒀕 (/uruk/), from Sumerian 𒀕 (unug, “abode, site, location, seat, typically in reference to a deities earthly dwelling”) either as a phonetic alteration of the Sumerian or influenced as a calque translation using Akkadian 𒌷 (/uru/, “city, place of dwelling or collecting under”).

der

[…] since the goddess Antu did not hold a prominent status at Uruk before the fifth century. The primary purpose of MLC 1890 was evidently to present Antu as universal goddess and all-encompassing cosmic location.

2019 January 8, Christine Proust, John Steele, Scholars and Scholarship in Late Babylonian Uruk, Springer, →ISBN, page 248:

(historical) An ancient city in Sumer and Babylonia, in modern-day Iraq.


Cirene

Cyrene (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Libya)


Troja

cs-proper noun

Troja f (relational adjective trojánský or trojský, demonym Trojan or Trójan, female demonym Trójanka)

trojánský (adjective relational)
trojský (adjective relational)
Trojan (demonym)
Trójan (demonym)
Trójanka (demonym feminine)
Troja (nominative singular)
Troji (genitive singular)
Troje (genitive singular)
Troje (dative singular)
Troji (dative singular)
Troju (accusative singular)
Trojo (singular vocative)
Troje (locative singular)
Troji (locative singular)
Trojou (instrumental singular)

Alternative form of Trója: Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Troja

(historical) Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Troja

de-proper noun

Troja n (proper noun, genitive Trojas or (optionally with an article) Troja)

Trojas (genitive)
Troja (genitive with-article)


Troja

trojański (adjective)
Troja (nominative singular)
Troi (genitive singular)
Troi (dative singular)
Troję (accusative singular)
Troją (instrumental singular)
Troi (locative singular)
Trojo (singular vocative)

Troy (an ancient city and archaeological site in modern Turkey)


Troja

Trója (canonical feminine)
Тро́ја (Cyrillic)
Troja (nominative singular)
Troje (genitive singular)
Troji (dative singular)
Troju (accusative singular)
Trojo (singular vocative)
Troji (locative singular)
Trojom (instrumental singular)


Babilon

Babilon (nominative singular)
Babilonok (nominative plural)
Babilont (accusative singular)
Babilonokat (accusative plural)
Babilonnak (dative singular)
Babilonoknak (dative plural)
Babilonnal (instrumental singular)
Babilonokkal (instrumental plural)
Babilonért (causal-final singular)
Babilonokért (causal-final plural)
Babilonná (singular translative)
Babilonokká (plural translative)
Babilonig (singular terminative)
Babilonokig (plural terminative)
Babilonként (essive-formal singular)
Babilonokként (essive-formal plural)
Babilonban (inessive singular)
Babilonokban (inessive plural)
Babilonon (singular superessive)
Babilonokon (plural superessive)
Babilonnál (adessive singular)
Babilonoknál (adessive plural)
Babilonba (illative singular)
Babilonokba (illative plural)
Babilonra (singular sublative)
Babilonokra (plural sublative)
Babilonhoz (allative singular)
Babilonokhoz (allative plural)
Babilonból (elative singular)
Babilonokból (elative plural)
Babilonról (delative singular)
Babilonokról (delative plural)
Babilontól (ablative singular)
Babilonoktól (ablative plural)
Babiloné (singular)
Babilonoké (plural)
Babilonéi (singular)
Babilonokéi (plural)
Babilonom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Babilonjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
Babilonod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Babilonjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
Babilonja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Babilonjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
Babilonunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Babilonjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
Babilonotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Babilonjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
Babilonjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
Babilonjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Babylon (the ancient capital of the kingdom of Babylonia, in modern Iraq)


Babilon

pl-prop

Babilon m inan (related adjective babiloński)

babiloński (adjective)
Babilon (nominative singular)
Babilonu (genitive singular)
Babilonowi (dative singular)
Babilon (accusative singular)
Babilonem (instrumental singular)
Babilonie (locative singular)
Babilonie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Babylōn. Doublet of Babel and Babilonia.

(historical) Babylon (the ancient capital of the kingdom of Babylonia, in modern Iraq)


Babilon

(historical) Babylon (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, built on the banks of the Euphrates, which was the capital of Babylonia)


Babilon

Bȁbilon (canonical masculine)
Ба̏билон (Cyrillic)
Babilon (nominative singular)
Babilona (genitive singular)
Babilonu (dative singular)
Babilon (accusative singular)
Babilone (singular vocative)
Babilonu (locative singular)
Babilonom (instrumental singular)
Vȁvilon (alternative)

(Croatia) Babylon (the ancient capital of the kingdom of Babylonia, in modern Iraq)


Karthago

de-proper noun

Karthago n (proper noun, genitive Karthagos or (optionally with an article) Karthago)

Karthagos (genitive)
Karthago (genitive with-article)

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)


Kartagina

Kartagina (nominative singular)
Kartaginy (genitive singular)
Kartaginie (dative singular)
Kartaginę (accusative singular)
Kartaginą (instrumental singular)
Kartaginie (locative singular)
Kartagino (singular vocative)


Kartagina

Kartȃgina (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Kartágina (nominative singular)
Kartágine (genitive singular)
Kartágini (dative singular)
Kartágino (accusative singular)
Kartágini (locative singular)
Kartágino (instrumental singular)


Pylos

A town and ancient city in Messenia prefecture, Greece, formerly named Navarino.


Կարթագեն

head

Կարթագեն • (Kartʻagen)

hy-proper noun

Կարթագեն • (Kartʻagen)

Kartʻagen (romanization)
Կարթագեն (nominative singular singular-only)
Կարթագենի (dative singular singular-only)
Կարթագենից (ablative singular singular-only)
Կարթագենով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Կարթագենում (locative singular singular-only)
Կարթագենը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Կարթագենն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Կարթագենին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Կարթագենս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Կարթագենիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Կարթագենիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Կարթագենովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Կարթագենումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Կարթագենդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարթագենիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարթագենիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարթագենովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Կարթագենումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Կարթագենը/Կարթագենն

Կարթագենները/Կարթագեններն

Կարթագենների

Կարթագեններին

Կարթագեններից

Կարթագեններով

Կարթագեններում

Կարթագեններս

Կարթագեններիս

Կարթագեններիցս

Կարթագեններովս

Կարթագենումս

Կարթագեններումս

Կարթագեններդ

Կարթագեններիդ

Կարթագեններիցդ

Կարթագեններովդ

Կարթագենումդ

Կարթագեններումդ

/kɑɾtʰɑˈɡen/

[ɡɑɾtʰɑkʰén]


Самария

ru-proper noun+

Сама́рия • (Samárija) f inan (genitive Сама́рии)

Сама́рия (canonical)
Samárija (romanization)
Сама́рии (genitive)
Сама́рия (nominative singular)
Сама́рии (genitive singular)
Сама́рии (dative singular)
Сама́рию (accusative singular)
Сама́рией (instrumental singular)
Сама́риею (instrumental singular)
Сама́рии (prepositional singular)

Samaria (the ancient capital of the northern Kingdom of Israel, in the modern West Bank)


Onley

en-proper noun

Onley (countable and uncountable, plural Onleys)

From Old English ān (“only, alone”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).

A deserted medieval village in Barby parish, Northamptonshire, England.


Babilónia

Babilônia (alternative)
Babylonia (alternative)
Babylónia (alternative)


Cyrene

From Latin Cyrene, from Ancient Greek Κυρήνη (Kurḗnē), of uncertain origin. Classical sources considered the Thessalian demigod the etymon for the Libyan city. Modern scholars variously derive the name from the Libyan spring Κύρα (Kúra) or, noting the myth attested before the spring or city, consider an existing Proto-Berber name to have been conflated with the Thessalian myths by early Greek colonists.

(Greek mythology) A Thessalian princess and huntress demigod, companion of Artemis and lover of Apollo.


Mazaca

From Latin Mazaca, from the name of the tribe of Mushki. Compare Old Armenian Մաժաք (Mažakʻ).

(historical) The ancient capital of the Kingdom of Cappadocia in Asia Minor, in modern Turkey; modern Kayseri.


Mazaca

la-proper noun

Māzaca n pl (genitive Māzacōrum); second declension

Māzaca (canonical neuter plural)
Māzacōrum (genitive)
Māzaca (nominative plural)
Māzacōrum (genitive plural)
Māzacīs (dative plural)
Māzaca (accusative plural)
Māzacīs (ablative plural)
Māzaca (plural vocative)
Māzacīs (locative plural)

[ˈmäːz̪ːäkä]

[ˈmäd̪ː͡z̪äkä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μάζακα (Mázaka).

Mazaca (the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Cappadocia in Asia Minor, in modern Turkey; modern Kayseri)


Caesarea

Caesarēa f sg (genitive Caesarēae); first declension

Caesarēa (canonical feminine singular)
Caesarēae (genitive)
Caesarēa (nominative singular)
Caesarēae (genitive singular)
Caesarēae (dative singular)
Caesarēam (accusative singular)
Caesarēā (ablative singular)
Caesarēa (singular vocative)
Caesarēae (locative singular)

→ Catalan: Cesarea

→ English: Caesarea

→ French: Césarée

→ Italian: Cesarea

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia) (calque)

→ Arabic: قَيْسارِيّة (qaysāriyya)

→ Turkish: Kayserya

→ Old Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Armenian: Կեսարիա (Kesaria)

Greek: Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia)

→ Hebrew: קֵיסָרְיָה (Keysaryá)

→ Turkish: Kayseri

→ Russian: Кесари́я (Kesaríja)

Old Galician-Portuguese: Cesaira

→ Polish: Cezarea

→ Portuguese: Cesareia

→ Spanish: Cesarea

[käe̯s̠äˈreːä]

[t͡ʃes̬äˈrɛːä]

From Caesar + -ēa, on the pattern of Alexandrēa and similar. In sense 2, by phono-semantic matching of English Jersey.

phono-semantic matching

Caesarea Maritima
Caesarea Maritima#English

Name of numerous cities and locations in the Roman Empire, among which are:

Caesarea Maritima (an ancient city in modern Israel; modern Caesarea)

Caesarea in Cappadocia
Caesarea in Cappadocia#English

Caesarea in Cappadocia (an ancient city in Cappadocia, in modern Turkey; modern Kayseri)

Caesarea in Mauretania
Caesarea in Mauretania#English

Caesarea in Mauretania (the ancient capital of the polities of Numidia and Mauretania, in modern Algeria; modern Cherchell)


Smyrna

From Ancient Greek Σμύρνα (Smúrna), a variant spelling of Σμύρνη (Smúrnē), the Ionic Greek form of the original Aeolic Greek name Μύρρᾱ (Múrrhā, “Smyrna”). Doublet of Izmir.

(chiefly historical) An ancient port city on the Aegean coast of western Asia Minor founded in circa the 11ᵗʰ century BC on the site of the present-day Turkish city of İzmir.


Smyrna

cs-proper noun

Smyrna f (relational adjective smyrenský, demonym Smyrňan, female demonym Smyrňanka)

smyrenský (adjective relational)
Smyrňan (demonym)
Smyrňanka (demonym feminine)
Smyrna (nominative singular)
Smyrny (genitive singular)
Smyrně (dative singular)
Smyrnu (accusative singular)
Smyrno (singular vocative)
Smyrně (locative singular)
Smyrnou (instrumental singular)

Smyrna (an ancient port city on the Aegean coast of western Asia Minor)


Sabora

la-proper noun

Sabora f sg (genitive Saborae); first declension

Saborae (genitive)
Sabora (nominative singular)
Saborae (genitive singular)
Saborae (dative singular)
Saboram (accusative singular)
Saborā (ablative singular)
Sabora (singular vocative)
Saborae (locative singular)

Hispania Baetica
Hispania Baetica#English


Ctesiphon

From Latin Ctēsiphōn, from Ancient Greek Κτησιφῶν (Ktēsiphôn).

These I assume were words so deeply meant / They cut themselves in stone for permanent / Like trouble in the brow above the eyes: / ‘Take Care to Sell Your Horse before He Dies / The Art of Life Is Passing Losses on.’ / The city saying it was Ctesiphon, / Which may a little while by war and trade / Have kept from being caught with the decayed, / Infirm, worn-out, and broken on its hands; […]

1947, Robert Frost, “The Ingenuities of Debt”, in Steeple Bush:

(historical) An ancient capital of Parthia and later of the Sassanid Persian Empire, on the Tigris near Baghdad in present-day Iraq, abandoned in the 7th and 8th centuries.

[Book Pahlavi needed] (tyspwn /tēsifōn/)


Ctesiphon

Ctēsiphōn f sg (genitive Ctēsiphōntis); third declension

Ctēsiphōn (canonical feminine singular)
Ctēsiphōntis (genitive)
Ctēsiphōn (nominative singular)
Ctēsiphōntis (genitive singular)
Ctēsiphōntī (dative singular)
Ctēsiphōntem (accusative singular)
Ctēsiphōnte (ablative singular)
Ctēsiphōn (singular vocative)
Ctēsiphōntī (locative singular)
Ctēsiphōnte (locative singular)
Ctēsifōn (alternative)

From Ancient Greek Κτησιφῶν (Ktēsiphôn). In Old Latin, it was declined as Ctēsiphōn, Ctēsiphōnis.

Ctesiphon (the ancient capital of Parthia, in modern Iraq)


Babil

Babil (nominative singular)
Babiller (nominative plural)
Babil'i (accusative singular)
Babilleri (accusative plural)
Babil'e (dative singular)
Babillere (dative plural)
Babil'de (locative singular)
Babillerde (locative plural)
Babil'den (ablative singular)
Babillerden (ablative plural)
Babil'in (genitive singular)
Babillerin (genitive plural)
Babil'im (first-person singular)
Babillerim (first-person singular)
Babil'lerim (first-person singular)
Babil'in (second-person singular)
Babillerin (second-person singular)
Babil'lerin (second-person singular)
Babil'i (singular third-person)
Babilleri (singular third-person)
Babil'leri (singular third-person)
Babil'imiz (first-person plural)
Babillerimiz (first-person plural)
Babil'lerimiz (first-person plural)
Babil'iniz (plural second-person)
Babilleriniz (plural second-person)
Babil'leriniz (plural second-person)
Babil'i (plural third-person)
Babilleri (plural third-person)
Babil'leri (plural third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish بابل (Bābil), from Persian بابل (Bâbel).

Babylon (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, capital of Babylonia)


Ecbatana

From Latin Ecbatana, from Ancient Greek Ἐκβάτανα (Ekbátana), from Old Iranian; see Old Persian 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴 (Hangmatāna) for more. Doublet of Hamadan.

(historical) The ancient capital of Media, in modern-day Iran, and subsequently a royal residence of Persian and Parthian kings.


Ecbatana

Ecbatana n pl (genitive Ecbatanōrum); second declension

Ecbatanōrum (genitive)
Ecbatana (nominative plural)
Ecbatanōrum (genitive plural)
Ecbatanīs (dative plural)
Ecbatana (accusative plural)
Ecbatanīs (ablative plural)
Ecbatana (plural vocative)
Ecbatanīs (locative plural)

[ɛɡˈbät̪änä]

From Ancient Greek Ἐκβάτανα (Ekbátana), itself from Old Persian 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴 (Ha(n)gmatāna).

Ecbatana (the ancient capital of Media, in modern-day Iran)


Ecbatana

Borrowed from Latin Ecbatana, from Ancient Greek Ἐκβάτανα (Ekbátana), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴 (Ha(n)gmatāna).

(historical) Ecbatana (the ancient capital of Media, in modern-day Iran)


Oka

An ancient town in Bithynia, in modern Turkey.


Trojo

Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Caudium

an ancient town on the Appian Way between Benevento and Capua in modern Campania, Italy


Caudium

Caudium n sg (genitive Caudiī or Caudī); second declension

Caudiī (genitive)
Caudī (genitive)
Caudium (nominative singular)
Caudiī (genitive singular)
Caudī (genitive singular)
Caudiō (dative singular)
Caudium (accusative singular)
Caudiō (ablative singular)
Caudium (singular vocative)
Caudiī (locative singular)

[ˈkäu̯d̪iʊ̃ˑ]


Nyssa

A city in Malheur County, Oregon, United States.


Карфаген

ru-proper noun+

Карфаге́н • (Karfagén) m inan (genitive Карфаге́на)

Карфаге́н (canonical)
Karfagén (romanization)
Карфаге́на (genitive)
Карфаге́н (nominative singular)
Карфаге́на (genitive singular)
Карфаге́ну (dative singular)
Карфаге́н (accusative singular)
Карфаге́ном (instrumental singular)
Карфаге́не (prepositional singular)
Карѳаге́нъ (alternative)

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)


Nippur

Afak Al-Qādisiyyah
Afak Al-Qādisiyyah#English

An ancient city in Sumer, modern Nuffar in Afak Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq.


Kish

(antiquity) An ancient city of Sumer, located some 12 km east of Babylon, and 80 km south of Baghdad.


Assur

Learned borrowing from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”).

lbor

One of the ancient capitals of Assyria, in modern Iraq.


Assur

Assur (one of the ancient capitals of Assyria, in modern Iraq)


Nicomedia

From Latin Nīcomēdīa, from Ancient Greek Νικομήδεια (Nikomḗdeia), from Νικομήδης (Nikomḗdēs) + -ιᾰ (-iă, “ia: forming place names”).

(historical) Former name of Izmit, a city in Turkey; the ancient capital of Bithynia.


Palmyra

From Ancient Greek Παλμύρα (Palmúra). For more see Palmyra on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

In the mid-fifth century B.C. Herodotus (1:131; 3.8) mentioned the importance of the cult of Al-Ilât, i.e. Allat, in ancient Arabia. Her sanctuary at Palmyra (Pl. XVII), excavated in the 1970s by the Polish mission, is in the neighborhood of the temple of Baal Shamin and lends a special character to the city's western quarter, in which Arab tribes settled during the second century B.C.

1979, Javier Teixidor, The Pantheon of Palmyra, E. J. Brill, page 53:

The chief man in Palmyra had been charged by Rome to police the trade routes, paying for his militia from his own well-stuffed coffers as befitted a rich man with a civic conscience.

1994, Lindsey Davis, Last Act In Palmyra, Random House, published 2011, page 297:

Edessa lies just under 300 kilometres north of Palmyra as the crow flies, and its Aramaic dialect, known today as Syriac, is closely related to that of Palmyra.

2005, Sebastian P. Brock, “Greek and Latin Words in Palmyrene Inscriptions: A comparison with Syriac”, in Eleonora Cussini, editor, A Journey to Palmyra: Collected Essays to Remember Delbert R. Hillers, E. J. Brill, page 11:

An ancient city, an oasis in the Syrian Desert, in present-day central Syria, recorded historically from around 2000 BCE, subsequently subject to various empires and destroyed in 273 CE and again in 1400, when it was reduced to a village.


Sardis

From Latin Sardīs, from Ancient Greek Σάρδεις (Sárdeis), ultimately from Lydian 𐤳𐤱𐤠𐤭𐤣 (šfard). As Welsh, American, and Canadian towns, named for the ancient Lydian city chiefly in honor of its role in early Christianity. Doublet of Sart.

(historical) Former name of Sart, a town in Manisa, Turkey, The ancient capital of the Kingdom of Lydia, in western Asia Minor.


Sardis

la-proper noun

Sardīs f pl (genitive Sardium); third declension

Sardīs (canonical feminine plural)
Sardium (genitive)
Sardīs (nominative plural)
Sardium (genitive plural)
Sardibus (dative plural)
Sardīs (accusative plural)
Sardibus (ablative plural)
Sardīs (plural vocative)
Sardibus (locative plural)
Sardēs (alternative)

→ English: Sardis

Sardis (the ancient capital of Lydia in western Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Կոստանդնուպօլիս

head

Կոստանդնուպօլիս • (Kostandnupōlis)

xcl-proper noun

Կոստանդնուպօլիս • (Kostandnupōlis)

Kostandnupōlis (romanization)
Կոստանդնուպօլիս (nominative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսի (genitive singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսի (dative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլիս (accusative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսէ (ablative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսիւ (instrumental singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսի (locative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլիս (nominative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսոյ (genitive singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսոյ (dative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլիս (accusative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսոյ (ablative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլսով (instrumental singular uncountable)
Կոստանդնուպօլիս (locative singular uncountable)
Կոստանդինուպօլիս (alternative)
Կոստանդնապօլիս (alternative)
Կոստանդնուպոլիս (alternative)
Կոստանդնուպաւլիս (alternative)

xcl-decl-noun-unc

Կոստանդնուպօլիս

Կոստանդնուպօլսի

Կոստանդնուպօլսի

Կոստանդնուպօլիս

Կոստանդնուպօլսէ

Կոստանդնուպօլսիւ

Կոստանդնուպօլսի

Կոստանդնուպօլիս

Կոստանդնուպօլսոյ

Կոստանդնուպօլսոյ

Կոստանդնուպօլիս

Կոստանդնուպօլսոյ

Կոստանդնուպօլսով

Կոստանդնուպօլիս

desc

Կոստանդնուպոլիս

Armenian: Կոստանդնուպոլիս (Kostandnupolis)

From Ancient Greek Κωνσταντινούπολις (Kōnstantinoúpolis).

bor

Κωνσταντινούπολις

Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire#English

Constantinople (the ancient capital of the Byzantine Empire, in modern Turkey; modern Istanbul)


Kartago

Kartago (absolutive indefinite)
Kartagok (ergative indefinite)
Kartagori (dative indefinite)
Kartagoren (genitive indefinite)
Kartagorekin (comitative indefinite)
Kartagorengatik (causative indefinite)
Kartagorentzat (benefactive indefinite)
Kartagoz (indefinite instrumental)
Kartagon (indefinite inessive)
Kartagoko (indefinite locative)
Kartagora (allative indefinite)
Kartagoraino (indefinite terminative)
Kartagorantz (directive indefinite)
Kartagorako (destinative indefinite)
Kartagotik (ablative indefinite)
Kartagorik (indefinite partitive)
Kartagotzat (indefinite prolative)


Kartago

Kartago (nominative singular)
Kartago (accusative nominative singular)
Kartagon (accusative genitive singular)
Kartagon (genitive singular)
Kartagoa (partitive singular)
Kartagossa (inessive singular)
Kartagosta (elative singular)
Kartagoon (illative singular)
Kartagolla (adessive singular)
Kartagolta (ablative singular)
Kartagolle (allative singular)
Kartagona (essive singular)
Kartagoksi (singular translative)
Kartagotta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Kartagoni (nominative singular)
Kartagoni (accusative nominative singular)
Kartagoni (accusative genitive singular)
Kartagoni (genitive singular)
Kartagoani (partitive singular)
Kartagossani (inessive singular)
Kartagostani (elative singular)
Kartagooni (illative singular)
Kartagollani (adessive singular)
Kartagoltani (ablative singular)
Kartagolleni (allative singular)
Kartagonani (essive singular)
Kartagokseni (singular translative)
Kartagottani (abessive singular)
Kartagosi (nominative singular)
Kartagosi (accusative nominative singular)
Kartagosi (accusative genitive singular)
Kartagosi (genitive singular)
Kartagoasi (partitive singular)
Kartagossasi (inessive singular)
Kartagostasi (elative singular)
Kartagoosi (illative singular)
Kartagollasi (adessive singular)
Kartagoltasi (ablative singular)
Kartagollesi (allative singular)
Kartagonasi (essive singular)
Kartagoksesi (singular translative)
Kartagottasi (abessive singular)
Kartagomme (nominative singular)
Kartagomme (accusative nominative singular)
Kartagomme (accusative genitive singular)
Kartagomme (genitive singular)
Kartagoamme (partitive singular)
Kartagossamme (inessive singular)
Kartagostamme (elative singular)
Kartagoomme (illative singular)
Kartagollamme (adessive singular)
Kartagoltamme (ablative singular)
Kartagollemme (allative singular)
Kartagonamme (essive singular)
Kartagoksemme (singular translative)
Kartagottamme (abessive singular)
Kartagonne (nominative singular)
Kartagonne (accusative nominative singular)
Kartagonne (accusative genitive singular)
Kartagonne (genitive singular)
Kartagoanne (partitive singular)
Kartagossanne (inessive singular)
Kartagostanne (elative singular)
Kartagoonne (illative singular)
Kartagollanne (adessive singular)
Kartagoltanne (ablative singular)
Kartagollenne (allative singular)
Kartagonanne (essive singular)
Kartagoksenne (singular translative)
Kartagottanne (abessive singular)
Kartagonsa (nominative singular)
Kartagonsa (accusative nominative singular)
Kartagonsa (accusative genitive singular)
Kartagonsa (genitive singular)
Kartagoaan (partitive singular)
Kartagoansa (partitive singular)
Kartagossaan (inessive singular)
Kartagossansa (inessive singular)
Kartagostaan (elative singular)
Kartagostansa (elative singular)
Kartagoonsa (illative singular)
Kartagollaan (adessive singular)
Kartagollansa (adessive singular)
Kartagoltaan (ablative singular)
Kartagoltansa (ablative singular)
Kartagolleen (allative singular)
Kartagollensa (allative singular)
Kartagonaan (essive singular)
Kartagonansa (essive singular)
Kartagokseen (singular translative)
Kartagoksensa (singular translative)
Kartagottaan (abessive singular)
Kartagottansa (abessive singular)

[ˈkɑ̝rt̪(ː)ɑ̝ɡo̞]

From Latin Carthāgō, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt).


Cartaig

An Chartaig (canonical feminine)
na Cartaige (genitive)
Cartaig (indefinite nominative singular)
a Chartaig (indefinite singular vocative)
Cartaige (genitive indefinite singular)
Cartaig (dative indefinite singular)
an Chartaig (definite nominative singular)
na Cartaige (definite genitive singular)
leis an gCartaig (dative definite singular)
don Chartaig (dative definite singular)
Cartaig
Chartaig
gCartaig


Susa

From Latin Sūsa, from Ancient Greek Σοῦσα (Soûsa), from Old Persian 𐏂𐎢𐏁𐎠 (Çūšā). Doublet of Sus and Shush.

(historical) Former name of Shush, a city in Iran which served as an ancient capital of Elam, the Persian Empire, the Seleucid Empire and the Parthian Empire.


Carchemish

/ˈkɑːɹkimɪʃ/

(historical) An ancient city on the Euphrates river in Mesopotamia, on the border between modern Turkey and Syria.


Filadelfia

Philadelphia (an ancient town in Lydia, in modern Turkey; modern Alaşehir)


Filippi

Philippi (an ancient city in Macedonia, Ancient Greece)


Focea

From Latin Phocaea, from Ancient Greek Φώκαια (Phṓkaia).


Nicea

nicejski (adjective)
Nicea (nominative singular)
Nicei (genitive singular)
Nicei (dative singular)
Niceę (accusative singular)
Niceą (instrumental singular)
Nicei (locative singular)
Niceo (singular vocative)

Nicaea (an ancient city and archaeological site in the regional unit of Anatolia, in modern Turkey)


Complute

An Anglicisation of Complūtum, the original Latin name of the city.

Alcalá de Henares
Alcalá de Henares#English

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

(historical) Alcalá de Henares (an ancient town now in the Community of Madrid)


Bablóin

An Bhablóin (canonical feminine)
Bablóine (genitive)
Bablóin (indefinite nominative singular)
a Bhablóin (indefinite singular vocative)
Bablóine (genitive indefinite singular)
Bablóin (dative indefinite singular)
an Bhablóin (definite nominative singular)
na Bablóine (definite genitive singular)
leis an mBablóin (dative definite singular)
don Bhablóin (dative definite singular)
Bablóin
Bhablóin
mBablóin

Babylon (the ancient capital of the kingdom of Babylonia, in modern Iraq)


تدمر

تَدْمُر (canonical)
tadmur (romanization)

Palmyra, an ancient city in the Syrian Desert, in present-day central Syria, recorded historically from around 2000 BCE.


नासरत

hi-proper noun

नासरत • (nāsarat) m (Urdu spelling ناصرت)

nāsarat (romanization)
ناصرت (Urdu)
नासरत (direct singular)
नासरत (oblique singular)
नासरत (singular vocative)

(biblical) Nazareth (an ancient city in modern Israel)


Sichem

From Ancient Greek Συχέμ (Sukhém), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁכֶם (šəḵem).

Coordinate term: Naplouse

(historical) Shechem, Sichem (an ancient city near present-day Nablus, Palestine)


Nicopolis

Nicopolis (ancient capital of the province of Epirus Vetus of the Roman Empire, in modern Greece)


Lystre

Lystra (an ancient city in central Anatolia, in modern Turkey)


Cyrène

Holonym: Cyrénaïque


Nínive

Nineveh (an ancient city in Assyria, in modern Iraq, near Mosul)


Cartago

Learned borrowing from Latin Carthāgō, via Ancient Greek Καρχηδών (Karkhēdṓn) from Punic 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt, “new city”).

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)


Cartago

From Latin Carthāgō from Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrtḥdšt); see Carthage for more information.


Cartago

Borrowed from Latin Carthāgō from Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrtḥdšt); see Carthage for more information.


Massilia

Unadapted borrowing from Latin Massilia.

Gallia Narbonensis
Gallia Narbonensis#English

(historical) A city in Gallia Narbonensis, now Marseille


Massilia

la-proper noun

Massilia f sg (genitive Massiliae); first declension

Massiliae (genitive)
Massilia (nominative singular)
Massiliae (genitive singular)
Massiliae (dative singular)
Massiliam (accusative singular)
Massiliā (ablative singular)
Massilia (singular vocative)
Massiliae (locative singular)

English: Marseille, Massilia, marcella

French: Marseille

Italian: Marsiglia

Occitan: Marselha

Portuguese: Marselha

Spanish: Marsella

[mäs̠ˈs̠ɪlʲiä]

From Ancient Greek Μασσαλία (Massalía), possibly an Ancient Ligurian toponym or perhaps from Ancient Greek μάσσων (mássōn, “further”) + ἅλς (háls, “sea”), literally “(city) on far end of the sea” cf. Ancient Greek παραλία (paralía).

af

(historical) Massilia (a city in Gallia Narbonensis, now Marseille)


Pompéi

Pompeii (an ancient city in the Roman Empire, in modern Italy)


Costantinople

ca. 1210, Villehardouin, La Conquête de Constantinople, 1961 ed., Paris: Les Belles Lettres, chap. VII, par. 207

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Ensi s'en rentra l'empereres en Costantinople el palais de Blaquerne.

Constantinople (the ancient capital of the Byzantine Empire, in modern Turkey; modern Istanbul)


Ayodhya

Borrowed from Sanskrit अयोध्या (ayodhyā).

(Hinduism, historical) A legendary city, the ancient capital of Kosala kingdom, and birthplace of the Hindu deity Rāma.


نيبور

ar-proper noun

نِيبُّور • (nībbūr) m

نِيبُّور (canonical)
nībbūr (romanization)

Nippur (an ancient city in Sumer, modern Nuffar in Afak Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq)


Καρχηδόνα

Karchidóna (romanization)
Καρχηδόνα (nominative singular)
Καρχηδόνας (genitive singular)
Καρχηδόνα (accusative singular)
Καρχηδόνα (singular vocative)
Καρχηδών (alternative)

From Ancient Greek Καρχηδών (Karkhēdṓn), from Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt, literally “New City”).


Kartaca

Kartaca (nominative singular)
Kartacalar (nominative plural)
Kartaca'lar (nominative plural)
Kartaca'yı (accusative singular)
Kartacaları (accusative plural)
Kartaca'ları (accusative plural)
Kartaca'ya (dative singular)
Kartacalara (dative plural)
Kartaca'lara (dative plural)
Kartaca'da (locative singular)
Kartacalarda (locative plural)
Kartaca'larda (locative plural)
Kartaca'dan (ablative singular)
Kartacalardan (ablative plural)
Kartaca'lardan (ablative plural)
Kartaca'nın (genitive singular)
Kartacaların (genitive plural)
Kartaca'ların (genitive plural)

From Ottoman Turkish قارتاجه (Kartaca), ultimately from Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt, “New City”).


Abila

An ancient city in the Decapolis, situated between Gadara and Capitolias in modern Jordan.


Abila

la-proper noun

Abila f sg (genitive Abilae); first declension

Abilae (genitive)
Abila (nominative singular)
Abilae (genitive singular)
Abilae (dative singular)
Abilam (accusative singular)
Abilā (ablative singular)
Abila (singular vocative)
Abilae (locative singular)

Abila (an ancient city in the Decapolis, in modern Jordan)


ṯnw

V14:nw*niwt m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

Thinis or This, a city that served as the first capital of a unified Egypt and later capital of the nome of Abydos


Abydos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄβυδος (Ábudos), from Egyptian Ab-b-Dw:O49 (ꜣbḏw).

bor+

An ancient city in Egypt with archaeological interest.

An ancient city of Mysia in northwest Asia Minor in modern Turkey, on the Hellespont.


Munda

la-proper noun

Munda f sg (genitive Mundae); first declension

Mundae (genitive)
Munda (nominative singular)
Mundae (genitive singular)
Mundae (dative singular)
Mundam (accusative singular)
Mundā (ablative singular)
Munda (singular vocative)
Mundae (locative singular)

Believed to be from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia, possibly Hispano-Celtic.

An ancient town in Hispania Baetica, famous for its battle


Вавилон

mk-proper noun

Вавило́н • (Vavilón) m (relational adjective вавило́нски)

Вавило́н (canonical)
Vavilón (romanization)
вавило́нски (adjective relational)

Babylon (the ancient capital of Babylonia)


Вавилон

ru-proper noun+

вавило́нский

Вавило́н • (Vavilón) m inan (genitive Вавило́на, relational adjective вавило́нский)

Вавило́н (canonical)
Vavilón (romanization)
Вавило́на (genitive)
вавило́нский (adjective relational)
Вавило́н (nominative singular)
Вавило́на (genitive singular)
Вавило́ну (dative singular)
Вавило́н (accusative singular)
Вавило́ном (instrumental singular)
Вавило́не (prepositional singular)
Вавѵло́нъ (alternative)


Вавилон

uk-proper noun

Вавило́н<sg>

вавило́нський

Вавило́н • (Vavylón) m inan (genitive Вавило́на, uncountable, relational adjective вавило́нський)

Вавило́н (canonical)
Vavylón (romanization)
Вавило́на (genitive)
вавило́нський (adjective relational)
Вавило́н (nominative singular)
Вавило́на (genitive singular)
Вавило́нові (dative singular)
Вавило́ну (dative singular)
Вавило́н (accusative singular)
Вавило́ном (instrumental singular)
Вавило́ну (locative singular)
Вавило́ні (locative singular)
Вавило́не (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

Вавило́н<sg>


Tanais

An ancient city that, in antiquity, lay in the Don delta.


Đông Kinh

→ English: Tonkin

→ French: Tonkin

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Đông Kinh.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東京, composed of 東 (“eastern”) and 京 (“capital”).

vi-etym-sino

(historical) Gyeongju, Donggyeong (the ancient capital of the Korean kingdom of Goryeo, from 987 to 1012; now a modern city in South Korea)


Cadi

la-proper noun

Cadī m pl (genitive Cadōrum); second declension

Cadī (canonical masculine plural)
Cadōrum (genitive)
Cadī (nominative plural)
Cadōrum (genitive plural)
Cadīs (dative plural)
Cadōs (accusative plural)
Cadīs (ablative plural)
Cadī (plural vocative)
Cadīs (locative plural)

An ancient city of Mysia or Phrygia, situated near the course of the Hermus in modern Turkey


Pteria

Pteria f sg (genitive Pteriae); first declension

Pteriae (genitive)
Pteria (nominative singular)
Pteriae (genitive singular)
Pteriae (dative singular)
Pteriam (accusative singular)
Pteriā (ablative singular)
Pteria (singular vocative)
Pteriae (locative singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πτερίᾱ (Pteríā).

(New Latin) An ancient city in Cappadocia, modern Turkey, perhaps modern Kerkenes Dağı.


Micenas

Mycenae (an ancient city and archaeological site in Greece)


Arbela

(historical) An ancient city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq; modern Arbil.


Arbela

Arbela (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq; modern Arbil)


Հերկուլանում

head

Հերկուլանում • (Herkulanum)

hy-proper noun

Հերկուլանում • (Herkulanum)

Herkulanum (romanization)
Հերկուլանում (nominative singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումի (dative singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումից (ablative singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումում (locative singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Հերկուլանումումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Հերկուլանում

Հերկուլանումը/Հերկուլանումն

Հերկուլանումներ

Հերկուլանումները/Հերկուլանումներն

Հերկուլանումի

Հերկուլանումին

Հերկուլանումների

Հերկուլանումներին

Հերկուլանումից

Հերկուլանումներից

Հերկուլանումով

Հերկուլանումներով

Հերկուլանումում

Հերկուլանումներում

Հերկուլանումս

Հերկուլանումներս

Հերկուլանումիս

Հերկուլանումներիս

Հերկուլանումիցս

Հերկուլանումներիցս

Հերկուլանումովս

Հերկուլանումներովս

Հերկուլանումումս

Հերկուլանումներումս

Հերկուլանումդ

Հերկուլանումներդ

Հերկուլանումիդ

Հերկուլանումներիդ

Հերկուլանումիցդ

Հերկուլանումներիցդ

Հերկուլանումովդ

Հերկուլանումներովդ

Հերկուլանումումդ

Հերկուլանումներումդ

Հեր‧կու‧լա‧նում

(historical) Herculaneum (an ancient town in modern Campania, Italy, destroyed in 79 AD by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius)

hy:Հերկուլանում


Stymphalus

From Latin Stymphālus, from Ancient Greek Στύμφᾱλος (Stúmphālos).

(historical) An ancient town in Arcadia, in modern Greece, near modern Stymfalia.

Stymphale

town and district in Arcadia, ancient Greece


Stymphalus

la-proper noun

Stymphālus m sg (genitive Stymphālī); second declension

Stymphālus (canonical masculine singular)
Stymphālī (genitive)
Stymphālus (nominative singular)
Stymphālī (genitive singular)
Stymphālō (dative singular)
Stymphālum (accusative singular)
Stymphālō (ablative singular)
Stymphāle (singular vocative)
Stymphālī (locative singular)
Stymphālos (alternative)
Stymphālum (alternative)

[s̠t̪ʏmˈpʰäːɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek Στύμφαλος (Stúmphalos).

A mountain, lake, and ancient town in Arcadia, in modern Greece


Cesareia

Borrowed from Latin Caesarea, displacing native Cesaira.

(historical) Caesarea (an ancient city in Cappadocia, Roman Empire; modern Kayseri)

(historical) Caesarea (an ancient city in the Levant, in modern Israel)


Cirena

Cirene (alternative)
Cyrene (alternative)
Cyrena (alternative)

Cyrene (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Libya)


Cnossos

Knossos (an ancient city of the Minoans in Crete)


Ecbátana

(historical) Ecbatana (an ancient city in Media, in western Iran)


Festo

Borrowed from Latin Phaestum, from Ancient Greek Φαῖστος (Phaîstos).

Phaistos (an ancient city on the island of Crete, Greece)


Lutécia

Lutetia (an ancient town in Gaul, Roman Empire, in modern France; modern Paris)


Pompeia

Pompeii (an ancient city in the Roman Empire, in modern Italy)


Pompeia

Pompéia (alternative)
Pompeios (alternative)


Anbar

From Arabic اَلْأَنْبَار (al-ʔanbār), from Middle Persian [Term?]. See Persian انبار (anbâr) for more. Doublet of sambar.

bor

اَلْأَنْبَار

Al Anbar (alternative)
Al-Anbar (alternative)

A medieval town in Anbar Province, in modern-day central Iraq, now abandoned.


Anbar

Anbar (a medieval town in Anbar Province, in modern-day central Iraq)


Conímbriga

Learned borrowing from Latin Conimbriga. Doublet of Coimbra.

An ancient city of the Roman Empire in modern Portugal; modern Condeixa-a-Velha.


Knidos

A respelling of earlier Cnidus to reflect more closely its ultimate etymon, Ancient Greek Κνίδος (Knídos).

the Aphrodite of Knidos

An ancient settlement in southwestern Asia Minor; the location of the Ancient Greek city Caria.

Cnide

ancient settlement in SW Asia Minor, location of Caria


Teby

pl-prop

Teby nvir pl (related adjective tebański)

Thebes (an ancient city and archaeological site in the regional unit of Boeotia, in modern Greece)


Teby

tebański (adjective)
Teby (nominative plural)
Teb (genitive plural)
Tebom (dative plural)
Teby (accusative plural)
Tebami (instrumental plural)
Tebach (locative plural)
Teby (plural vocative)

Thebes (an ancient city and archaeological site in Ancient Egypt, in modern Luxor, Egypt)


Gundeshapur

From Middle Persian *Gundēšāpūr, from 𐭥𐭧𐭩𐭠𐭭𐭣𐭩𐭥𐭪𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 (why-ʾndywk-šhpwhry /Weh-Andiyōk-Šābuhr/), compound of 𐭥𐭧𐭩 (weh, “better”) + 𐭠𐭭𐭣𐭩𐭥𐭪𐭱 (Andiyōk, “Antioch”) + 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 (Šābuhr, “Shapur”).

Gundishapur (alternative)
Gondeshapur (alternative)
Gondishapur (alternative)
Jondishapur (alternative)
Jundishapur (alternative)

An ancient city in the Sassanid Empire, located in modern-day Khuzestan province, Iran. It was founded by Shapur I and is known for its famous academy.


Aetna

From the Latin Aetna, from either Ancient Greek Αἴτνη (Aítnē, “Aetna”) or αἴθω (aíthō, “I burn”), or from a Sicanian dialect Italic base *aith-na (“fiery one”), all from Proto-Indo-European *ai-dh, from *h₂eydʰ- (“burn; fire”). Doublet of Etna.

(historical) An ancient city in Sicily, in modern Italy, situated at the foot of Mount Etna, on its southern declivity.


Aetna

la-proper noun

Aetna f sg (genitive Aetnae); first declension

Aetnae (genitive)
Aetna (nominative singular)
Aetnae (genitive singular)
Aetnae (dative singular)
Aetnam (accusative singular)
Aetnā (ablative singular)
Aetna (singular vocative)
Aetnē (alternative)

→ English: Aetna

→ Italian: Etna

→ English: Etna

→ Greek: Αίτνα (Aítna)

→ Portuguese: Etna

→ Sicilian: Etna

From Ancient Greek Αἴτνη (Aítnē, “Aetna”) or αἴθω (aíthō, “I burn”), or from a Sicanian dialect Italic base *aith-na (“fiery one”), all from Proto-Indo-European *ai-dh, from *h₂eydʰ- (“burn; fire”). Cognate with aestus (“hot”), aestās (“summer”).

Aetna (an ancient city in Sicily, in modern Italy, situated at the foot of Mount Etna)


Tơ-roa

[təː˧˧ ɹwaː˧˧]

[təː˧˧ zwaː˧˧]

[təː˧˧ ɹwaː˧˧]

[təː˧˧ ɹwaː˧˧]

(literary) Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Side

From Latin Side, from Ancient Greek Σίδη (Sídē).

An ancient city, archaeological site, and modern town in modern Antalya province, Turkey, on a small peninsula on the Mediterranean coast of Anatolia, settled by Greeks from Cyme.


Side

Sidē f sg (genitive Sidēs); first declension

Sidē (canonical feminine singular)
Sidēs (genitive)
Sidē (nominative singular)
Sidēs (genitive singular)
Sidae (dative singular)
Sidēn (accusative singular)
Sidē (ablative singular)
Sidē (singular vocative)
Sidae (locative singular)

English: Side

Side (an ancient city, archaeological site, and modern town in modern Antalya province, Turkey, on a small peninsula on the Mediterranean coast of Anatolia, settled by Greeks from Cyme)