Taiwan

/ˌtaɪ̯ˈwɑːn/

Anping District
Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)
Taiwan

The specific form "Taiwan" in English emerged from the letters of Wade–Giles Tʻai²-wan¹ romanization of Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān) and also possibly the romaji of Japanese 臺灣(たいわん) (taiwan), which both of whom are ultimately from Literary Chinese 臺灣, which came from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, etc., a placename initially referring to a sandbank peninsula that later silted up now wholly part of the island in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan, and eventually became the name of the entire island. The original placename itself was likely originally a loanword transcription from possibly Siraya. Cognate with Dutch Tayouan / Taioan / Taiwan / etc., and other early variant forms of Hokkien 臺窩灣／台窝湾 (Tâi-o-oân), etc. The name is sometimes folk-etymologized to supposedly originally mean "terraced bay" (臺灣／台湾) or "great bay" (大灣／大湾) or similar parsings from interpreting the meaning from the Chinese characters alone.

zh-l

臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān)

T'ai-wan

from Wade-Giles romanization of Mandarin

India was not alone in its predicament or in its policy. While a few developing countries like Taiwan, Mexico, and Thailand had made remarkable progress in agriculture and had experienced success in curbing their population increases, others were nearly as bad off as India, even without a drought.

1971, Lyndon Johnson, “Feeding the Hungry: India's Food Crisis”, in The Vantage Point, Holt, Reinhart & Winston, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 224:

Pei Ling Wu, 30, said: "I am worried about my family, but they do not want to leave Taiwan. They want to defend their country and fight to the end. If China continues to push us, independence is the only solution."

1996 March 15, Leyla Linton, “London students sing their defiance”, in The Times, number 65,528, →ISSN, →OCLC, Overseas News, page 14, column 2:

Taiwan carried out an unprecedented military drill Tuesday, a day ahead of its National Day celebrations, in Taoyuan in northern parts of the country.
The drill was attended by Taiwanese president Tsai Ing-wen, and President of Paraguay Mario Abdo Benitez, who is on a state visit to Taiwan until Thursday.

2018 October 9, “Taiwan conducts massive military drills ahead of National Day”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2022-08-18:

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

A country in East Asia. Official name: Republic of China. Capital: Taipei.

Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang

Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing


Taiwan

Inherited from Dutch Taiwan, ultimately from Dutch Tayouan, from possibly Siraya.

Taiwan, Republic of China (a country in East Asia; capital: Taipei)


Taiwan

de-proper noun

Taiwan n (proper noun, genitive Taiwans or (optionally with an article) Taiwan)

Taiwans (genitive)
Taiwan (genitive with-article)

The modern form "Taiwan" may possibly be from English Taiwan, or way older reminiscent of older forms like Teowan, from possibly Dutch Tayouan/Teyouvan/Teyoan/Taywan. Compare French Taïwan.

Taiwan (an island and partly-recognized country in East Asia)

Anping District
Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)
de:Taiwan


Taiwan

Unadapted borrowing from English Taiwan.

Taiwan, Republic of China (a country in East Asia)


Taiwanese

en-adj

Taiwanese (comparative more Taiwanese, superlative most Taiwanese)

more Taiwanese (comparative)
most Taiwanese (superlative)

As Reece Overhalt spoke to the President, the first reports came in of China’s invasion of the Taiwanese island of Peikan, just off the coast of Fujian.

1997, Humphrey Hawksley, Simon Hoberton, chapter 7, in Dragon Strike: The Millennium War (Fiction), Sidgwick & Jackson, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 338:

At 6.30 am on 23 August 1958, Mao delivered his response to Khrushchev's peace initiative. The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) rained thousands of artillery shells onto the Taiwanese islands of Kinmen and Matsu. The bombardment continued unabated for 44 days, during which time Kinmen sustained hits from over 474,000 artillery shells.

1998, Robert Storey, “Islands of the Taiwan Straits”, in Taiwan (Lonely Planet), 4th edition, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 308:


Taiwanese

Congregations consist mainly of Mandarin-speaking refugees from the mainland but Taiwanese are not excluded. Student centers were established at Taipei, Panchiao, and Tainan for Bible study, fellowship, and personal counseling.

1965, “Lutheranism in Asia”, in Julius Bodensieck, editor, The Encyclopedia of the Lutheran Church, volume I, Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 125, column 1:

Taiwan was the touchstone for both sides. We felt that we should not and could not abandon the Taiwanese; we were committed to Taiwan's right to exist as an independent nation.

1978, Richard Nixon, RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon, Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 570:

We know the “ethnic” distribution between Taiwanese and mainland Chinese households in each district (ch’ü) of Taipei. In 1963, the percent of Taiwanese households varied from only 28.8% in Taan district to 86% in Chiencheng district. In 1991, Taan again had the lowest percent of Taiwanese households (63%) and Tatung the highest (86%).

1996, Robert M. Marsh, “Solidarity with Extended Kin”, in The Great Transformation: Social Change in Taipei, Taiwan Since the 1960s, M.E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 149–150:


Taiwanese

Language. Mandarin is the official language, but many people speak Taiwanese (a variant of a southern Chinese dialect) and Japanese. The younger generation and those engaged in the tourist trade speak some English.

1975, Lawrence A. Clancy, Sunset Travel Guide to the Orient: Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, China, Menlo Park, California: Lane Publishing Co., page 108:

The gay and lesbian movement in Taiwan is composed largely of students and other intellectuals and therefore is largely Mandarin-speaking, middle-class, and young. Koa-a-hi actresses, by contrast, almost always speak Taiwanese as their primary language, are rarely educated beyond elementary school, and can barely make ends meet.

1999, Teri Silvio, “Reflexivity, Bodily Praxis and Identity in Taiwanese Opera”, in GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, volume 5, number 4, Duke University Press, pages 585–604:

The variant of Hokkien spoken in Taiwan, the native language of the Hoklo.

тайва́ньский

язы́к, диале́кт


South China Sea

The Philippine Islands are an archipelago southeast of Asia. They extend almost due north and south from Formosa to Borneo, and they separate the South China Sea from the Pacific Ocean.

1898 May, “The Philippine Islands”, in The Locomotive, volume XIX, number 5, Hartford, Conn.: Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company, →OCLC, page 77:

Ignoring international law, the Chinese have claimed sovereignty over most of the South China Sea and are embarked upon a massive land reclamation and construction program to bolster these claims.

2015, Dick Cheney, Liz Cheney, Exceptional: Why the World Needs a Powerful America, Threshold Editions, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 222:

The western arm of the Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines.


Formosa

la-proper noun

Formosa f sg (genitive Formosae); first declension

Formosae (genitive)
Fōrmōsa (nominative singular)
Fōrmōsae (genitive singular)
Fōrmōsae (dative singular)
Fōrmōsam (accusative singular)
Fōrmōsā (ablative singular)
Fōrmōsa (singular vocative)
Fōrmōsae (locative singular)

From Portuguese Ilha Formosa (“Beautiful Island”). Equivalent to a clipping of Isla Formosa.

bor

(New Latin) Synonym of Taivania, Taiwan (a country in East Asia)


Republic of China

/ɹɪˈpʌblɪk əv ˈt͡ʃaɪnə/

While we shall never timidly retreat before the threat of armed aggression, we would welcome, in the present circumstances, negotiations that could have a fruitful result in preserving the peace of the Formosa area and reaching a solution that could be acceptable to all parties concerned, including of course our ally the Republic of China.

1958, President Dwight Eisenhower, 0:21 from the start, in President Eisenhower Speaks On The Formosa Situation (1958), British Pathé:

As for us, free Chinese in the Republic of China, in spite of the changing world situation, we have never faltered in our resolve to liberate the mainland and restore freedom to the hundreds of millions of Chinese who still suffer under Communist oppression.

1965 May 4, Kai-shek Chiang, “Foreword to the Abridged Edition”, in Madame Chiang Kai-shek, transl., Soviet Russia in China: A Summing-up at Seventy, Shihlin, Taipei: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →OCLC, page viii:

From now on, we must work harder to prove two points:[...]Second, that the Chinese Communists are not to be trusted and that sooner or later, in one way or another, they are going to attempt to destroy the Republic of China and seize Taiwan.

1982 January 17, “U.S., ROC and Red China”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXII, number 3, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

Now, on the eve of my second term as President of the Republic of China, it is time to put forward a blueprint for national development based upon the mandate my compatriots have given me through my reelection. With the blueprint I pledge myself to working hand in hand with my fellow citizens for the cause of my country.

1996 May, Teng-hui Lee, “Preface”, in Peace Through Democratic Reforms, Taipei: Wen Ying Tang Press Inc., →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://archive.org/details/peacethroughdemo0000teng/page/n13/:

Fortunately, in April 1979, Congress codified the United States’ support for the brave people of the Republic of China with the passage of the Taiwan Relations Act. This gave our friends the cover to develop the vibrant economy and flourishing democracy we see today and prevented them from being overrun by the same tyrants who are now in the process of eradicating democracy in Hong Kong.

2005, Jesse Helms, “Jimmy Carter”, in Here's Where I Stand: A Memoir, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 106–107:

A country in East Asia; modern-day Taiwan, the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949.


Taipei

19th c., from Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 臺北／台北 (Tʻai²-pei³, literally “Taiwan north”), composed of 臺／台 (tái) (short for Taiwan) and 北 (běi, “north”).

zh-l

In 1885 Governor LIU determined to reconstruct Taipei and make it the temporary capital until, the railway having on its way to Taiwan reached the old town of Changhua, in about the middle of Formosa, he should build a city near that place and make it, under the name of Taiwan, the capital of the province of Taiwan.

1896, J. D. Clark, Formosa, Shanghai: Shanghai Mercury, →OCLC, page 44:

Radiotelephonic communications were established in November 1946 between Taipei and Canton, thus augmenting the line already existing between Taipei and Shanghai.
The Chinese National Aviation Corporation, which operated air service between Shanghai and Taipei three times a week, has added weekly air service between Foochow and Taipei. The Southwest Aviation Corp. is reportedly planning a Canton-Taipei air service, and damaged Japanese military transport aircraft have been under repair for use on this route.

1947 February 1, “China”, in Foreign Commerce Weekly, volume XXVI, number 5, Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 14, column 2:

The “Beautiful Island” wears a necklace of rails and new roads dangling from Taipei, such as the 17-mile MacArthur Expressway linking the capital to the seaport of Chilung. Taiwan has two other international seaports —recently opened Hualien, on the east coast, and Kaohsiung, facing the mainland a scant 200 miles away.

1964 November, “New Look at Changing China”, in National Geographic Magazine, volume 126, number 5, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 641, column 2:

In my bid for re-election as mayor of Taipei, I lost to Ma Ying- jeou, representing the Kuomintang (KMT), Taiwan's ruling party. Analysis of the election results revealed that the overwhelming majority of "mainlanders"² in Taipei cast their votes for Mr. Ma.

2000, Shui-Bian Chen, “Learning and Transformation”, in David J. Toman, transl., The Son of Taiwan: The Life of Chen Shui-Bian and His Dreams for Taiwan, Taiwan Publishing Co., Ltd., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 19:

Years later, when I was governor, I found myself in the same hotel with Nureyev in Taipei, Taiwan.

2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, volume I, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 219:

We lived in the county of Taoyuan, in northern Taiwan, around twenty-five miles south of the capital of Taipei.

2014, Lu Hsiu-lien, Ashley Esarey, My Fight for a New Taiwan, University of Washington Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 19–20:

The bipartisan group, which will meet with Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen on Friday morning on their two-day visit, arrived at Taipei's downtown Songshan airport on a U.S. Air Force aircraft and were greeted by Taiwan Foreign Minister Joseph Wu.

2022 April 14, Ben Blanchard, “Six U.S. lawmakers arrive in Taiwan on unannounced trip”, in Raissa Kasolowsky, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-04-14, Asia Pacific:

The capital city of and a special municipality of Taiwan, located in the northern part of the island of Taiwan.


Mandarin

Calque from Chinese 官話／官话 (Guānhuà, “spoken language of the mandarins”). An extension of mandarin (“bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire”) to the language used by the imperial court and sometimes by imperial officials elsewhere. As such, it was adopted as a synonym for Modern Standard Chinese in the 20th century. The term became ambiguous, however, as its use was extended to the various Northern dialects of Chinese.

[...]and though the ſame word hath one ſignification in the Mandorines Language, and a contrary in Japan and other places, yet knowing one Speech and their Character, you may Travel not only through the Empire of China, but the adjacent Kingdoms.

[1669, John Nievhoff, “Athanasius Kircher Description of China”, in John Ogilby, transl., An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, →OCLC, page 106:

Far fewer people understood Mandarin in Hotan than anywhere else I'd been in Xinjiang. It made getting around difficult, as not only did the taxi drivers fail to understand what I was saying, but they couldn't read an address either. Most ignored or didn't know the Chinese names given to the streets anyway.

2014, David Eimer, The Emperor Far Away: Travels at the Edge of China, Bloomsbury USA, →ISBN, page 75:

Owner David Yeh says his Little-One bar -- a homophone to Lithuania's Mandarin name "Litaowan" -- started getting more attention last year after Vilnius became the first EU government to donate vaccines.

2022 March 9, “'Lithuania mania' sweeps Taiwan as China spat sizzles”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2022-03-09:

Standard Mandarin, an official language of China and Taiwan, and one of four official languages in Singapore; Putonghua, Guoyu or Huayu.

標準中国語

ひょうじゅんちゅうごくご


Mandarin

Mandarín (canonical)
ᜋᜈ᜔ᜇᜇᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish mandarín, from Portuguese mandarim, from Malay menteri, from Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister; councillor”).

der

language from northern China, especially in Beijing


taiwanese

it-noun

taiwanese m or f by sense (plural taiwanesi)


ROC

Translingual: ROC

Coordinate term: PRC

Former U.S. Senator George McGovern said that during his one-week visit to the ROC he met many friendly, optimistic and energetic people, and called the Republic of China an "energetic" country.
He said he hopes his visit will help to promote understanding between the ROC and liberals in the United States.

1983 March 13, “ROC progress praised by McGovern”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXIV, number 10, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

This book suggests that the gradual increase of transactions and communications between the two Chinas since 1987 should contribute to the ‘normalization’ of relations between the two Chinas. Nevertheless, these transactions and communications are not expected to lead to the political reunification of the two Chinas in the foreseeable future due to four main obstacles: the PRC’s intention to localize and isolate the ROC internationally; the PRC’s refusal to exclude the use of military force against the ROC; the difference between the two Chinas’ living standards and political philosophies; and the Taiwan Independence Movement.

1994, Hsin-hsing Wu, Bridging the Strait: Taiwan, China, and the Prospects for Reunification, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page vii:

Prevented by internal and external influences, this ideal of placing the sovereignty in the hands of the people was not carried out immediately after the establishment of the Republic of China. With the changes of time, particularly with the relocation of the ROC government to Taiwan, we have gradually carried it out at last, but only after having licked our wounds and built our strength for forty years.

1996 May, Teng-hui Lee, “Political Reforms”, in Peace Through Democratic Reforms, Taipei: Wen Ying Tang Press Inc., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 11:

Initialism of Republic of China. (all senses)


DPP

All of the parties could and did claim victories. The ruling KMT won the governorship and the mayorship of Kaohsiung. Naturally KMT leaders boasted of these wins. In particular, they noted that Kaohsiung had been a stronghold of the opposition Democratic Progressive Party. The DPP won the mayorship of Taipei. This was a major triumph. The NP's candidate was second in the Taipei mayoral context and the NP did well in the Taipei City Council race. Taiwan's new political party thus seemed to be off to a good start in winning support at the ballot box. Finally, the cause of democracy won.

1998, John F. Copper, Taiwan's Mid-1990s elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy, Praeger Publishers, →ISBN, page 3:

The old ruling party, the Guomindang (GMD), is interested in closer relations with the no longer socialist Mainland, but it is out of power. The present ruling party, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), is no longer talking about independence, though this had been its raison d'être in the past.

2007, Diana Lary, China's Republic, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 6:

Democratic Progressive Party
w:Democratic Progressive Party

(Taiwanese politics) Initialism of Democratic Progressive Party (“political party in Taiwan”).


Тајван

mk-proper noun

Тајван • (Tajvan) m (relational adjective тајвански)

Tajvan (romanization)
тајвански (adjective relational)

Taiwan (a country and island in East Asia)


Тајван

Та̏јва̄н (canonical masculine)
Tȁjvān (romanization)
Тајван (nominative singular)
Тајвана (genitive singular)
Тајвану (dative singular)
Тајван (accusative singular)
Тајвану (singular vocative)
Тајвану (locative singular)
Тајваном (instrumental singular)


Tajvan

Tajvan (nominative singular)
Tajvant (accusative singular)
Tajvannak (dative singular)
Tajvannal (instrumental singular)
Tajvanért (causal-final singular)
Tajvanná (singular translative)
Tajvanig (singular terminative)
Tajvanként (essive-formal singular)
Tajvanban (inessive singular)
Tajvanon (singular superessive)
Tajvannál (adessive singular)
Tajvanba (illative singular)
Tajvanra (singular sublative)
Tajvanhoz (allative singular)
Tajvanból (elative singular)
Tajvanról (delative singular)
Tajvantól (ablative singular)
Tajvané (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Tajvanéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Tajvanom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Tajvanod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Tajvanja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Tajvanunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Tajvanotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Tajvanjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Tajvan

Tȁjvān (canonical masculine)
Та̏јва̄н (Cyrillic)
Tajvan (nominative singular)
Tajvana (genitive singular)
Tajvanu (dative singular)
Tajvan (accusative singular)
Tajvanu (singular vocative)
Tajvanu (locative singular)
Tajvanom (instrumental singular)


Tajvan

Tȃjvan (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
Tájvan (nominative singular)
Tájvana (genitive singular)
Tájvanu (dative singular)
Tájvan (accusative singular)
Tájvanu (locative singular)
Tájvanom (instrumental singular)


台湾

Borrowed from Literary Chinese 臺灣, which came from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, etc., a placename initially referring to a sandbank peninsula that later silted up now wholly part of the island in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan, and eventually became the name of the entire island. The original placename itself was likely originally a loanword transcription from possibly Siraya. Compare Dutch Tayouan, Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān).


台北

From Mandarin 臺北／台北 (Táiběi), possibly via English Taipei.


台北

台北 (canonical)
台北 (canonical)
Taihoku (romanization)

→ Bunun: Taihuku

→ English: Taihoku, Daihoku

→ Kanakanabu: Taihuku

→ Saisiyat: tayhoko'

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 臺北／台北 (Táiběi).

zh-l

臺北／台北 (Táiběi)


dolar

pl-noun

dolar m animal (related adjective dolarowy, abbreviation dol.)

dolarowy (adjective)
dol. (abbreviation)
dolar (nominative singular)
dolary (nominative plural)
dolara (genitive singular)
dolarów (genitive plural)
dolarowi (dative singular)
dolarom (dative plural)
dolara (accusative singular)
dolary (accusative plural)
dolarem (instrumental singular)
dolarami (instrumental plural)
dolarze (locative singular)
dolarach (locative plural)
dolarze (singular vocative)
dolary (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: dolar

Borrowed from English dollar. Doublet of talar. First attested in 1796. Compare Silesian dolar.

ref

Gazeta Krakowska (in Polish), number 50, 1796 July 26, page 2

(nuclear physics) dollar (unit of reactivity equal to the interval between delayed criticality and prompt criticality)


Chinese Taipei

1970s, Chinese + Taipei. From being a Chinese state (an open-ended reference either to the territory being actually occupied by the Republic of China (Taiwan), being claimed by the People's Republic of China (mainland China), both, or similar) whose capital is Taipei (derived from Wade–Giles).

The Republic of China Olympic Committee (ROCOC) Sept. 8 rejected the recommendation of the Executive Board of the International Olympic Committee that the ROCOC be re-named the “Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee,” with the condition that it adopts an anthem and flag which are different from those of the Republic of China used at present.

1979 September 16, “ROC rejects ruling on Olympic Games”, in Free China Weekly, volume XX, number 36, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Seven countries sent teams to challenge the U.S. in Los Angeles. The field included Chinese Taipei, commonly called Taiwan, which had several players who. in younger years, had starred on championship teams at the Little League World Series in Williamsport. Pa.;[...]

1984, Dick Schaap, The 1984 Olympic Games: Sarajevo/Los Angeles, Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 137:

The example of financial services and telecommunications deregulation in Chinese Taipei was brought up to argue that, to ensure market competition, rules should be transparent and information should be available to all.

1998, Regulatory Reform in the Global Economy: Asian and Latin American perspectives, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 125:

Most of these vessels are built in Chinese Taipei (see Table 6.4). In fact, of the 51 fishing vessels over 24 metres built in Chinese Taipei over the past three years, 50 were flagged in FOC countries by the end of 2003, while only one was flagged in Chinese Taipei. It would be worth further investigation to determine whether any of the companies in Chinese Taipei involved in building new vessels have benefited from funds for the joint Japan/Chinese Taipei programme designed to decommission large- scale tuna longline vessels. Further, given the status of Chinese Taipei as a “Co-operating Party, Entity or Fishing Entity” of ICCAT, the government should be encouraged to ensure that no vessels built in Chinese Taipei shipyards are allowed to register to flag of convenience countries.

2004, Matthew Gianni, Walt Simpson, “Flags of Convenience, Transhipment, Re-supply and At-Sea Infrastructure in Relation to IUU Fishing”, in Fish Piracy: Combatting Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 85:

China was in white jerseys as the home team, and the Taiwanese players wore blue jerseys labeled with the initials C.T., for Chinese Taipei, the negotiated team name under which Taiwan’s athletes are competing to avoid sensitivities about issues of national sovereignty.

2008 August 15, Jake Hooker, “Taiwanese Fans Travel to See An Unexpected Loss to China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2008-12-11, Olympics:

Over the last few decades, Chinese Taipei has been successful in attracting high-achieving students into the teaching profession. Even so, the education level of teachers in Chinese Taipei has stayed fairly uniform.

2009, “Chinese Taipei”, in Do Countries Paying Teachers Higher Relative Salaries Have Higher Student Mathematics Achievement?, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 73:

'Taiwan' still used in media coverage
Despite the lack of official "Taiwanese" representation, the name "Taiwan" was still used on some occasions during the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
For example, an anchor at Japan's public broadcaster used Taiwan rather than Chinese Taipei to introduce the Taiwanese delegation during the opening ceremony.
Additionally, many foreign media reports about Taiwan's performance during the Olympics also use Taiwan rather than Chinese Taipei to introduce the team.

2021 June 8, William Yang, “'Chinese Taipei': Taiwan's Olympic success draws attention to team name”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2021-08-06:

Taiwan and Lithuania agreed in July that the office in the capital, Vilnius, set to open this fall, will bear the name Taiwan rather than Chinese Taipei — a term often used in other countries in order not to offend Beijing.

2021 September 3, “Lithuania recalls Beijing ambassador over China-Taiwan spat”, in Associated Press, archived from the original on 2021-09-03:

A name under which the Republic of China (Taiwan) participates in international organisations.

Sjinees Taipei

a name under which Taiwan participates in international organisations


臺灣

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (臺灣):
* → Japanese: 台(たい)湾(わん) (Taiwan)
* → Korean: 대만(臺灣) (Daeman)
* → Vietnamese: Đài Loan (臺灣)

→ Arabic: تَايْوَان (tāywān)

→ Armenian: Թայվան (Tʻayvan)

→ Bulgarian: Тайван (Tajvan)

→ Burmese: ထိုင်ဝမ် (htuing-wam)

→ Catalan: Taiwan

→ Czech: Tchaj-wan, Taiwan

→ Dutch: Taiwan

→ English: Taiwan

→ Korean: 타이완 (Taiwan)

→ Portuguese: Taiwan

→ French: Taïwan

→ Manchu: ᡨᠠᡳᠸᠠᠨ (taiwan)

→ Persian: تایوان (tâyvân)

→ Polish: Tajwan

→ Russian: Тайвань (Tajvanʹ)

→ Spanish: Taiwán

→ Tibetan: ཐའེ་ཝན (tha'e wan)

→ Turkish: Tayvan

→ Zhuang: Daizvanh

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/tʰɛ²⁴ væ̃²⁴/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ waːn⁵⁵/

/tʰoɪ¹¹ ʋan⁴⁴/

/tai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ uaŋ⁵⁵/

/tai⁵³⁻³³ uaŋ⁵³/

/tai¹³⁻²¹ uaŋ¹³/

/tai¹³⁻²¹ uoŋ¹³/

/tʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ueŋ³³/

/tʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ³³/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/tʰɛ²⁴ væ̃²⁴/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ waːn⁵⁵/

/tʰoɪ¹¹ ʋan⁴⁴/

/tai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ uaŋ⁵⁵/

/tai⁵³⁻³³ uaŋ⁵³/

/tai¹³⁻²¹ uaŋ¹³/

/tai¹³⁻²¹ uoŋ¹³/

/tʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ueŋ³³/

/tʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ³³/

Appears to be first attested in a memorial to the imperial government by official He Kai (何楷) in 1635:
:
Officially, no later than 1684 with the creation of Taiwan Prefecture (臺灣府). A phonetic transliteration of an ethnonym of a tribe in the southwest part of the island in the area of Anping, Tainan, southwest Taiwan, variously recorded in Dutch records as Tayouan or Tayowan or Taiouwang. A Dutch missionary referred to this group as Taiouwang no later than 1636. Other phonetic transliterations in Chinese characters included 大員 [1603], 大圓 [1617], 臺員, and 大灣 [circa 1624], as placenames initially referring to a sandbank peninsula that later silted up now wholly part of the island in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan that eventually became the name of the entire island.
Possibly derived from Siraya.
By surface analysis, 臺／台 (tái, “terraced”) + 灣／湾 (wān, “bay”).

surf

If we are to subdue the bandits, we must destroy their hideout. Where is their hideout, then? It's Taiwan. Taiwan is further from Penghu, with a distance of two days away from Zhangzhou and Quanzhou, and the land is large and fertile.

Jīn yù jìng kòufēn, fēi xū qí kū bùkě. Qí kū wéi hé? Táiwān shì yě. Táiwān zài Pénghú dǎo wài, jù Zhāng, Quán zhǐ liǎng rì yè chéng, dì guǎng ér yú.

今欲靖寇氛，非墟其窟不可。其窟維何？臺灣是也。臺灣在彭湖島外，距漳、泉止兩日夜程，地廣而腴。

今欲靖寇氛，非墟其窟不可。其窟维何？台湾是也。台湾在彭湖岛外，距漳、泉止两日夜程，地广而腴。

臺灣原住民族

台湾原住民族

臺灣文學專題

台湾文学专题

(～省) Taiwan Province (administrative division in both the Republic of China and People's Republic of China)

2021 May 19, 《台湾抗疫，民进党当局太分心了》, in Global Times, →ISSN, issue 5360, page 14

Jīnmén Xiàn xiànzhǎng xīngqīyī hūyù dāngjú yǔnxǔ gāi xiàn zhíjiē cóng Dàlù cǎigòu yìmiáo, yǒu zhè yī yuànwàng de Táiwān xiàn shì kǒngpà bùzhǐ Jīnmén yī jiā, dàn Mínjìndǎng dāngjú huìfǒu wèi bǎo cāngshēng zhī ān kāi zhège kǒuzi, fēicháng lìng rén huáiyí.

金門縣縣長星期一呼籲當局允許該縣直接從大陸採購疫苗，有這一願望的臺灣縣市恐怕不止金門一家，但民進黨當局會否為保蒼生之安開這個口子，非常令人懷疑。

金门县县长星期一呼吁当局允许该县直接从大陆采购疫苗，有这一愿望的台湾县市恐怕不止金门一家，但民进党当局会否为保苍生之安开这个口子，非常令人怀疑。

(～地區) Taiwan Area (Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and some minor islands, which are de facto governed by the Republic of China)


Taïwan

Anping District
Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)
fr:Taïwan


Тайвань

ru-proper noun+

тайва́ньский

Тайва́нь • (Tajvánʹ) m inan (genitive Тайва́ня, relational adjective тайва́ньский)

Тайва́нь (canonical)
Tajvánʹ (romanization)
Тайва́ня (genitive)
тайва́ньский (adjective relational)
Тайва́нь (nominative singular)
Тайва́ня (genitive singular)
Тайва́ню (dative singular)
Тайва́нь (accusative singular)
Тайва́нем (instrumental singular)
Тайва́не (prepositional singular)

Borrowed from Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān), from Literary Chinese 臺灣, from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, etc., from possibly Siraya.

Taiwan (an island and country in East Asia; capital: Taipei)


Тайвань

uk-proper noun

Тайва́нь • (Tajvánʹ) m inan (genitive Тайва́ню, uncountable)

Тайва́нь (canonical)
Tajvánʹ (romanization)
Тайва́ню (genitive)
Тайва́нь (nominative singular)
Тайва́ню (genitive singular)
Тайва́неві (dative singular)
Тайва́ню (dative singular)
Тайва́нь (accusative singular)
Тайва́нем (instrumental singular)
Тайва́ню (locative singular)
Тайва́ні (locative singular)
Тайва́ню (singular vocative)

Taiwan (an island and country in East Asia)


Китайская Республика

ru-proper noun+

Кита́йская Респу́блика • (Kitájskaja Respúblika) f inan (genitive Кита́йской Респу́блики)

Кита́йская Респу́блика (canonical)
Kitájskaja Respúblika (romanization)
Кита́йской Респу́блики (genitive)
Кита́йская Респу́блика (nominative singular)
Кита́йской Респу́блики (genitive singular)
Кита́йской Респу́блике (dative singular)
Кита́йскую Респу́блику (accusative singular)
Кита́йской Респу́бликой (instrumental singular)
Кита́йскою Респу́бликою (instrumental singular)
Кита́йской Респу́блике (prepositional singular)

Ru-Китайская Республика.ogg

Ки‧та́й‧ска‧я

Republic of China, Taiwan (a country in East Asia)

ru:Китайская Республика

en-Китайская_Республика-ru-name-QDGzgTyW


中華民国

中華民国 (canonical)
Chūka Minkoku (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 中華民國／中华民国 (Zhōnghuá Mínguó).


Tainan

From Mandarin 臺南／台南 (Táinán), meaning "South Taiwan". Officially named ca. 1885 with the creation of Tainan Prefecture.

zh-l

臺南／台南 (Táinán)

Camphora officinarum, Nees. The aggregate exports of camphor from China have increased considerably of late years. They were 22,231 cwt. in 1892, and 40,763 cwt. in 1893. The island of Formosa yields the principal quantities, the yearly output being now as much as 41,650 cwt., shipped from the ports of Tamsui and Tainan.

1895 March, P. L. Simmonds, “Notes on Some Saps and Secretions Used in Pharmacy”, in American Journal of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, page 128:

The Council of the Mission, at its headquarters in Tainan appeals to the Church at home to make the jubilee year worthy of the name by an endeavor to reach with the Gospel the yet unevangelized tribes of uncivilized aborigines on the eastern side of the island.

1914 October, “Unreached Aborigines of Formosa”, in Missionary Review of the World, volume XXXVII, number 10, page 790:

"Without him, what kind of life would we have today," sobbed an old man from Tainan.

1975 April 20, “President Chiang still lives in hearts of people”, in Free China Weekly, volume XVI, number 15, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 8:

Taiwan was fighting against time on Sunday to rescue some 120 people believed to be trapped in a building, which collapsed on Saturday when a 6.4-magnitude earthquake rocked the southern city of Tainan.

2016 February 7, “After earthquake, Taiwan fighting against time to rescue trapped survivors”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2016-05-17:

A major city in southern Taiwan, dating to the 16th century


桃園

For the place in Taiwan, shortened from Hokkien 桃仔園／桃仔园 (Thô-á-hn̂g), which was used alongside 桃園／桃园 by the time of the Guangxu Emperor. Found in official Qing documents by 1888.

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰo⁵⁵ ʒan⁵⁵/

/tʰo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰɤ²³⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰo¹³⁻²² huĩ¹³/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰo⁵⁵ ʒan⁵⁵/

/tʰo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰɤ²³⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰo¹³⁻²² huĩ¹³/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Taoyuan (a city and former county of Taiwan)


新竹

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (新竹):
* → Japanese: 新竹(しんちく) (Shinchiku)
* → Vietnamese: Tân Trúc (新竹)

→ English: Hsinchu, Hsin-chu, Xinzhu

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nøyʔ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nøyʔ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

From 新 (xīn) + 竹塹／竹堑 (Zhúqiàn), from the 1878 reform of the administration of Qing-held Taiwan. Hsinchu included the former subprefecture of Tek-kham as well as its surrounding hinterland.

(～市) Hsinchu (a city in northern Taiwan)

(～縣) Hsinchu (a county in northern Taiwan)


Hsinchu

From Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 新竹 (Hsin¹-chu²).

A railway has been constructed from Kelung to Hsinchu near the W. ct., in 24° 50'N., and its continuation to Tainan is projected.

1895, George G. Chisholm, editor, Formosa (Longmans' Gazetteer of the World), Longmans, Green, and Co., page 538:

Now that the Imperial Body Guard was to be principally engaged to the south of Teckcham (Hsinchu) H.I.H. Prince Kitashirakawa removed his headquarters from Taipeh to Teckcham on the 31st of July. The arrival of His Highness was quite an event for the Teckham Chinese, and they turned out in large numbers at the station to welcome him.

1903, James W. Davidson, editor, The Island of Formosa Past and Present, page 331:

The removal of the capital of the island of Formosa from Tainanfu, on the coast, to Taipeh, gave Governor Liu Ming Chuan an excuse to construct a railway between the capital and the coast in spite of the opposition in Peking. In 1889 a twelve-mile line connecting Tuatutia and Saitingka was opened to traffic. The work was continued until 1893, at which time 62 miles were opened to traffic between Hsinchu and the northern port of Keelung. At this period the Peking government issued an order to suspend further construction work. All the collieries were closed, and, with the exception of passenger traffic there was little activity in transportation.

1912 January 19, “Imperial Taiwan Railways”, in Railway Age Gazette, volume 52, number 3, New York, page 94:

On the night of March 2, word reached Taipei that the Governor actually had attempted to get troops to the city. Citizens near Hsinchu city, however, were reported to have halted the troop carriers by removing rails from the main line.

1947 April 18, John Leighton Stuart, Memorandum on the Situation in Taiwan (United States Relations with China With Special Reference to the Period 1944-1949), number 169, U.S. Government Printing Office, page 929:

Because the new language school of Fu Jen University in the nearby city of Hsinchu was not yet completed, we were bused with other aspiring students of Chinese language to a farming village called Kuanhsi (Guanxi: West Pass), nestled against the tea growing hills of Hsinchu county.

1999, Michael Saso, Velvet Bonds: The Chinese Family, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page ix:

The city of Hsinchu, the capital of Hsinchu County, is known for two things: its wet and windy weather and the Hsinchu Science-based Industrial Park, the center of Taiwan's huge computer and electronics industry (see pp. 124-125).

2004, Phil Macdonald, National Geographic Traveler: Taiwan, National Geographic Society, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 123:

President Tsai Ing-wen traveled to Hsinchu City to take part in send-off activities for the Formosat-7 satellite on the morning of April 14. In addition to commending the hard work and accomplishments of the entire research and development team over the years, President Tsai also hailed Formosat-7 as a milestone in promoting Taiwan's technological diplomacy, noting that she expects it will display the brilliance of Taiwan's aerospace technology on the international stage.

2019 April 14, “President Tsai attends Formosat-7 send-off ceremony”, in Office of the President of the Republic of China (Taiwan):

The girl, who was identified by news outlets only by her last name, Lin, landed mostly unscathed at the Hsinchu International Kite Festival. She suffered abrasions around her neck and face, the mayor of Hsinchu, Lin Chih-chien, wrote in a Facebook post on Sunday. She was admitted to a hospital for a medical examination, he said.

2020 August 31, Tiffany May, “Girl in Taiwan Is Swept High by a Kite”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-08-31, ASIA PACIFIC:

A city in northern Taiwan, sixth largest city in Taiwan, southwest of Taipei.

The removal of the Prefect from Teukcham to Banka was what was required to consolidate the city, and when that occurred in May last, progress set in with vigour. With the Prefect's departure from Teukcham occurred a change in the name and constitution of that place. It ceased to be called Teukcham, receiving in place of this the name of Hsinchu, and being converted from a t'ing into a hsien. It is now known as Hsinchu-hsien (新竹縣).

1880, Inspector General of Customs, Reports on Trade at the Treaty Ports for the Year 1879, Shanghai: Statistical Department of the Inspectorate General, →OCLC, page 181:

Offshore, CPC has completed drilling nine wells and is drilling two more. Five of the wells off the Hsinchu coast in northern Taiwan, produce 550 kiloliters of crude oil and 620,000 cubic meters of natural gas a day.

1980 March 23, “New fund to boost energy development”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXI, number 11, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:

Emma was bred at the Leofoo Safari Park in Hsinchu County, northwestern Taiwan. Since the park brought eight white rhinos from Africa in 1979, their numbers have grown to 23.

2020 September 23, “Taiwan offers Japan endangered rhino to help save species”, in The Japan Times:

Taiwan's army is also expected to carry out live-fire drills in Hsinchu county as well as several offshore islands.

2022 March 15, William Yang, “Taiwan's military tests new capabilities to deter China threat”, in Wesley Rahn, editor, Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2022-03-15, Asia:

شِينْجُو

a city in northern Taiwan; a county in northern Taiwan


台南

From Chinese 臺南／台南 (Táinán). Compare Mandarin 臺南／台南 (Táinán).


Tchaj-wan

cs-proper noun

Tchaj-wan m inan (related adjective tchajwanský, demonym Tchajwanec, female demonym Tchajwanka)

tchajwanský (adjective)
Tchajwanec (demonym)
Tchajwanka (demonym feminine)
Tchaj-wan (nominative singular)
Tchaj-wanu (genitive singular)
Tchaj-wanu (dative singular)
Tchaj-wan (accusative singular)
Tchaj-wane (singular vocative)
Tchaj-waně (locative singular)
Tchaj-wanu (locative singular)
Tchaj-wanem (instrumental singular)


East China Sea

The East China Sea (ECS) is located south of the YS to the north of Taiwan (Figure 1). The ECS is usually defined as reaching from the northern end of Taiwan Strait to the southern end of Kyusyu where it adjoins the YS along a line from Kyusyu to Shanghai (the mouth of the Yangtze River).

1998, Akira Kuninaka, AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS AND WATER MASS STRUCTURE OF THE EAST CHINA SEA AND YELLOW SEA, Naval Postgraduate School, page 1:

A marginal sea east of China, south of the Korean Peninsula, west of the Ryukyu Islands, and north of Taiwan.


樹林

樹林 (canonical)
Jurin (romanization)
樹林 (canonical)
Kibayashi (romanization)

Shulin, a district in New Taipei City, Taiwan


東都

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

/taŋ³³ tɔ³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tɔ⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ tou³³/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

/taŋ³³ tɔ³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tɔ⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ tou³³/


taiwanés

es-noun

taiwanés m (plural taiwaneses, feminine taiwanesa, feminine plural taiwanesas)

taiwaneses (plural)
taiwanesa (feminine)
taiwanesas (feminine plural)


Tajwan

Tajwan (nominative singular)
Tajwanu (genitive singular)
Tajwanowi (dative singular)
Tajwan (accusative singular)
Tajwanem (instrumental singular)
Tajwanie (locative singular)
Tajwanie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān), from Literary Chinese 臺灣, from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân).


Taiwán

Borrowed from English Taiwan. Compare Portuguese Taiwan, Dutch Taiwan, Tagalog Taywan.

Taiwan, Republic of China (a country in East Asia)


Kaohsiung

Translingual: Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis

/ˈkaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/

/ˈɡaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/

Late 1945, from Mandarin 高雄 (Gāoxióng) Wade–Giles romanization: Kao¹-hsiung², from 高(たか)雄(お) (Takao) (Takao), from Hokkien 打狗 (Tá-káu) (Takau), from Siraya takau (“bamboo forest”).

Although many factors in the industrial picture remain unfavorable, the Government reportedly is taking steps toward rehabilitation of industry. Repairs to the oil refinery at Kaohsiung (Takao) in Taiwan (Formosa) are being made, reportedly under the direction of engineers of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, under the auspices of the China Petroleum Corporation, a subsidiary of the National Resources Commission. This plant, formerly owned by the Japanese, was damaged during the war.

1946 December 14, John Stenhouse, “China's Economy Since the Japanese Surrender”, in Foreign Commerce Weekly, volume XXV, number 11, Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4, column 1:

The existing steel industry is centered at Kaohsiung and is based mainly on local and imported scrap. An integrated steelworks being built by CI&S, also at Kaohsiung, will have an annual ingot capacity of 1.5 million tons by 1977 and, it is hoped 6 million tons by 1983; the bulk of the raw materials needed will be from foreign sources. Meanwhile, large tonnages of finished steel produced are imported.

1978, Kung-Ping Wang, E. Chin, Mineral Economics and Basic Industries in Asia, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 309:

Kaohsiung is the second largest city in Taiwan and has the biggest seaport.

1998, Robert Storey, Taiwan (Lonely Planet), 4th edition (Travel), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 260:

The mayor of Kaohsiung, Chen Chi-mai, said the southern port city on Saturday also implemented new rules requiring face masks and social distancing.

2021 May 15, Lily Kuo, “Taiwan raises coronavirus alert level as residents stockpile toilet paper and food”, in Washington Post, archived from the original on 2021-08-08:

On Friday, three months after she moved in, Ms. Huang was feeling grateful not to be among the dead after a fire tore through the partly abandoned 13-story mixed-used building on Thursday night in the southern port city of Kaohsiung.

2021 October 15, Amy Qin, Amy Chang Chien, “A Last-Chance ‘Ghost’ Building in Taiwan Becomes a Deathtrap for Many”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-10-15:

Speaking to reporters in the southern city of Kaohsiung, Su said the "new Taiwan model" in combating COVID-19 was a "normal life, active epidemic prevention and steady opening".

2022 April 3, Ben Blanchard, “Taiwan says new COVID cases won't affect re-opening plans”, in Simon Cameron-Moore, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-04-03:

Kaohsiung, a city on Taiwan's southern coast, is the 15th-busiest container port in the world. There would be global repercussions and immediate consequences for the Philippines should the port again be blocked by Chinese forces, as occurred temporarily in August following the visit of US lawmaker Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan.

2023 March 18, Alexander Görlach, “Opinion: Facing China, Manila cozies up to US”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2023-03-18, CONFLICTS:

A city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan.


Kaohsiung

L’incendie d’un immeuble d’habitation a causé la mort, jeudi 14 octobre, d’au moins 46 personnes et a fait des dizaines de blessés à Kaohsiung, dans le sud de Taïwan.

2021 October 14, “À Taïwan, l'incendie d'un immeuble fait des dizaines de morts”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2021-10-14, Asie-Pacifique:

On Thursday 14 October, a fire in a block of flats caused the death of at least 46 people and injured dozens in Kaohsiung, in the south of Taiwan.

Kaohsiung (a city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan)


Kaohsiung

de-proper noun

Kaohsiung n (proper noun, genitive Kaohsiungs or (optionally with an article) Kaohsiung)

Kaohsiungs (genitive)
Kaohsiung (genitive with-article)

Im Süden Taiwans liegt die Hafenstadt Kaohsiung, Nummer 15 der größten Containerhäfen der Welt. Sollte er, wie schon im August 2022 nach dem Besuch der US-Politikerin Nancy Pelosi kurzzeitig geschehen, von der chinesischen Marine blockiert werden, hat dies Auswirkungen auf die gesamte Welt - und erst recht auf die Philippinen.

2023 March 14, Alexander Görlach, “Görlach Global: Philippinen und USA - Wiederbelebung einer alten Allianz zum Schutz vor China”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2023-03-14, ASIEN:

Kaohsiung, a city on Taiwan's southern coast, is the 15th-busiest container port in the world. There would be global repercussions and immediate consequences for the Philippines should the port again be blocked by Chinese forces, as occurred temporarily in August following the visit of US lawmaker Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan.


Taichung

/ˈtaɪˈd͡ʒʊŋ/

/ˌtaɪˈt͡ʃʊŋ/

From the Wade–Giles romanization of 臺中／台中 (Tʻai²-chung¹).

The Jen Min Tao Pao, (consistently anti-American of recent months) on December 4 carried the following item, in full:
"According to information released by the American Consulate, a large section of the United States Air Force will be stationed in the province and the airfield near Taichung has been chosen as its base. The USAAF is also intending to build a B-29 factory at Taichung and is positively making all preparations, it is said."
A contract has been let to a Formosan firm to enlarge and repair an airfield and a factory near Taichung. It is, of course, assumed locally that in as much as China cannot produce airplanes, the United States government is behind the contract. Two Taichung persons called at the Consulate December 28 to confirm this, in order to plan "business" in connection with the expected influx of Americans.

1947 January 10, Ralph J. Blake, REPORTS ON THE SITUATION IN FORMOSA (TAIWAN), PARTICULARLY RESPECTING FORMOSAN DISSATISFACTION WITH ADMINISTRATIVE POLICIES OF THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT (Foreign Relations of the United States 1947), volume 7, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 424:

On Formosa the Maryknoll Fathers have charge of the Prefecture of Taichung, ocated^([sic – meaning located]) in the central part of the island. Some 1,500,000 people, mostly farmers, live there. The main crops in the area are rice, potatoes, vegetables, tobacco, sugar cane, tea, and fruit, while the chief industry is sugar refining.

1952 January 31, “West Newton Missioner In Formosa”, in The Newton Graphic, volume 80, Newton, Mass., page 1:

Robert I. Schroder (second from right), speaker of the Contra Costa County Council and Chen Keng-chin (third from left), Taichung County magistrate show the documents signed to set up sister relations at a ceremony held in Taichung in central Taiwan. Schroader^([sic – meaning Schroder]) headed a 40-member cultural and arts mission from California to attend the ceremony, the first of its kind held in Taichung County.

1983 April 10, “Sisterhood ties”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXIV, number 14, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

A week earlier Tom and I had worn the same happy, uncomprehending faces as we stood in their home in Taichung for the Buddhist ceremony.

2002 September, Nancy Brenner, “Changing Places”, in House Beautiful, volume 144, number 9, page 77:

WITH A POPULATION OF ABOUT ONE MILLION, TAICHUNG is Taiwan's third largest city.

2004, Phil Macdonald, National Geographic Traveler: Taiwan, National Geographic Society, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 210:

A businessman from Taiwan has been fined more than $35,000 after he was caught on camera repeatedly breaking rules requiring him to quarantine at home. The man, who returned to Taiwan last week from mainland China, left his home seven times when he was supposed to be in isolation, according to officials in the city of Taichung, where he lives. Taiwan has some of the strictest quarantine rules in the world, a critical part of its success in fighting the virus, and the government routinely punishes and shames people found to be violating regulations. “This misbehavior was serious and must be punished heavily,” Lu Shiow-yen, the mayor of Taichung, said at a news conference this week.

2021 January 28, Melissa Eddy, Richard C. Paddock, Javier C. Hernández, Mike Ives, Amy Chang Chien, “Germany says vaccine shortages are likely to last another 10 weeks, and other news from around the world”, in New York Times, archived from the original on 2021-01-29:

The industry’s vulnerability was on display in July last year, when Taiwan mobilized thousands of troops to fight off a simulated Chinese attack on the west coast industrial city of Taichung, home to TSMC’s Gigafab 15, one of the foundries that make cutting-edge chips.[...]In the counter-invasion exercise, “enemy” paratroopers dropped on Ching Chuan Kang air base and captured the control tower, just nine minutes’ drive from Gigafab 15. Off the coast, a virtual Chinese invasion flotilla steamed towards the city’s beaches. Fighting enveloped Taichung as Taiwanese troops and tanks counterattacked to regain control of the air base; commanders called in airstrikes, missiles and artillery, using live ammunition to pound the “invasion fleet.” The invasion was repulsed.

2021 December 27, Yimou Lee, Norihiko Shirouzu, David Lague, “Taiwan chip industry emerges as battlefront in U.S.-China showdown”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-12-27:


tajvani

tajvani (nominative singular)
tajvaniak (nominative plural)
tajvanit (accusative singular)
tajvaniakat (accusative plural)
tajvaninak (dative singular)
tajvaniaknak (dative plural)
tajvanival (instrumental singular)
tajvaniakkal (instrumental plural)
tajvaniért (causal-final singular)
tajvaniakért (causal-final plural)
tajvanivá (singular translative)
tajvaniakká (plural translative)
tajvaniig (singular terminative)
tajvaniakig (plural terminative)
tajvaniként (essive-formal singular)
tajvaniakként (essive-formal plural)
tajvaniul (essive-modal singular)
tajvaniban (inessive singular)
tajvaniakban (inessive plural)
tajvanin (singular superessive)
tajvaniakon (plural superessive)
tajvaninál (adessive singular)
tajvaniaknál (adessive plural)
tajvaniba (illative singular)
tajvaniakba (illative plural)
tajvanira (singular sublative)
tajvaniakra (plural sublative)
tajvanihoz (allative singular)
tajvaniakhoz (allative plural)
tajvaniból (elative singular)
tajvaniakból (elative plural)
tajvaniról (delative singular)
tajvaniakról (delative plural)
tajvanitól (ablative singular)
tajvaniaktól (ablative plural)
tajvanié (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
tajvaniaké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
tajvaniéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
tajvaniakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

Tajvan (“Taiwan”) + -i (adjective-forming suffix)

affix

Taiwanese (of or relating to Taiwan, its people or language)


Tajpej

Tajpej (nominative singular)
Tajpejt (accusative singular)
Tajpejnek (dative singular)
Tajpejjel (instrumental singular)
Tajpejért (causal-final singular)
Tajpejjé (singular translative)
Tajpejig (singular terminative)
Tajpejként (essive-formal singular)
Tajpejben (inessive singular)
Tajpejen (singular superessive)
Tajpejnél (adessive singular)
Tajpejbe (illative singular)
Tajpejre (singular sublative)
Tajpejhez (allative singular)
Tajpejből (elative singular)
Tajpejről (delative singular)
Tajpejtől (ablative singular)
Tajpejé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Tajpejéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
Tajpejem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
Tajpejed (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
Tajpeje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
Tajpejünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
Tajpejetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
Tajpejük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)


Tajpej

Tajpej (nominative singular)
Tajpeju (genitive singular)
Tajpejowi (dative singular)
Tajpej (accusative singular)
Tajpejem (instrumental singular)
Tajpeju (locative singular)
Tajpeju (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Mandarin 臺北／台北 (Tʻai²-pei³).


金門

desc

→ English: Kinmen, Quemoy, Chinmen, Chin-men, Jinmen

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² muĩ¹³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² muĩ¹³/

(～縣) Kinmen (a county of Taiwan (Republic of China); de jure part of its Fujian Province)


高雄

ja-pos

高(たか)雄(お) or 高雄(タカオ) • (Takao) ^(←たかを (Takawo)?)

高雄 (canonical)
高雄 (canonical)
Takao (romanization)
Takawo (romanization)
たかを (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 高雄 (Gāoxióng)

→ Mandarin: 高雄 (Gāoxióng)

→ English: Kaohsiung

→ Korean: 가오슝 (Gaosyung)

→ Russian: Гаосюн (Gaosjun)

→ Min Nan: 高雄 (Ko-hiông)

→ Vietnamese: Cao Hùng

→ English: Takao

From Hokkien 打狗 (Táⁿ-káu), from Siraya takau (“bamboo forest”). The kanji were borrowed from unrelated etymology 1.

Kaohsiung (a city in southwestern Taiwan)


Keelung

Translingual: Cryptococcus keelungensis, Cystobasidium keelungensis, Solicoccozyma keelungensis, Yarrowia keelungensis

From the Postal Romanization of the Nanking court dialect Mandarin 雞籠 (Jīlóng), from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/.

SAILING DIRECTIONS FOR THE HARBOR OF KEELUNG, ISLAND OF FORMOSA.
. . .
Keelung harbor, or Keelung-taw, head (or promontory) is situated near the northeastern point of the island of Formosa.
. . .
Making and keeping Keelung island well to the eastward, the entrance may be approached without fear, as the soundings are deep, and free from hidden dangers....The town of Keelung is situated at the head of the harbor, about a mile from this last anchorage, and surrounded by extensive mud flats, bare at low water, and can only be approached by small boats at high tides.
. . .
There is a covered market or bazaar at Sowan Point, near the junk anchorage, and another in the town of Keelung.

1857, George H. Preble, “Sailing Directions and Nautical Remarks by Officers of the Late United States Naval Expedition to Japan”, in Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan, Washington, D.C.: Alfred O. P. Nicholson, pages 377–378:

This trade is as yet undeveloped, but would increase were greater facilities for communication in existence. The principal imports at present are Coal and Rice, but in time of dearth the export from Formosa of the latter commodity is prevented by the Native authorities. Keelung Coal is brought over almost exclusively for the use of coasting steamers.

1866, Reports on Trade at the Ports in China Open by Treaty to Foreign Trade for the Year 1865, Shanghai: Imperial Maritime Customs' Press, page 57:

The mines of Keelung (Formosa) might also be made to furnish good coals, but they are for the present only used by steamers for want of better, and it was only towards the end of 1865, when other coals were very dear, that any Formosa coals were brought here and sold from 5 taels to 6½ taels.

1866 February 1, Reports from the Foreign Commissioners at the Various Ports in China, for the Year 1865, London: Harrison and Sons, page 127:

The Island of Formosa suffered greatly from an earthquake which took place on December 18, 1867. The shock pursued almost a direct course over the island from Keelung to Yamsin, at which latter place it was felt very severely, as well in loss of life as in the destruction of property and houses, including a temple which had just been completed at a cost of $30,000.

1873, “China”, in The American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1868 (Annual Cyclopædia), number VIII, New York: D. Appleton & Company, page 115:

Keelung and Tamsui in the north of the island are the principal harbours ; the former town partly owes its prosperity to the proximity of some coal beds, which the Chinese have for a long time worked ' in the most primitive fashion ;' shafts were abandoned from having become flooded....The country round Keelung is charming in its rich green dress of bamboo groves and paddy ; but the odours of the town, which Mr. Taintor has stigmatised as the ' filthiest town in the universe,' are probably unrivalled.

1887 October, F. H. H. Guillemard, “The Cruise of the 'Marchesa' to Kamschatka and New Guinea”, in Edinburgh Review, number CCCXL, page 318:

Years ago, at Keelung, rumbling sounds were heard, and the waters of the harbor receded until fish of all sizes were left wriggling and floundering in the mud and pools. Women and children rushed out to secure such rare and enticing prizes, but shrieks from the shore warned them of the return of the water. Back it came, furious as a charge of battle, overleaping its appointed bounds, and sweeping away all the houses in the low-lying land along the shore. The story of that tidal wave is handed down as one of the great catastrophes in history.

1896 October 24, “Earthquakes in Formosa”, in The Friend, volume LXX, number 14, page 107:

The Japanese have made extensive preparations for the defense of Formosa and the Pescadores. [For a description of the Pescadores and a map, see THE INDEPENDENT for February 16th.] The Pescadores Islands have been supplied with provisions and ammunition for two years and heavy guns mounted in strategic positions. In Formosa the ports of Keelung and Tamsui are strongly protected by mines. The garrison is estimated at 15,000 men. The island is declared to be under martial law and in a state of siege.

1905 May 18, “The War on Sea and Land”, in The Independent, volume LVIII, number 2946, page 1096:

Good quality coal at present costs about 19 yen per ton at Keelung.

1919 December, “More Coal in the East”, in South African Mining and Engineering Journal, page 163:

Added to other drawbacks to shipping, violent typhoons occur from four to five times a year during which the wind has been known to blow at a velocity of 125 miles an hour, while the rain falls in torrents. Keelung in the north has known years when there were 242 days of rain.

1929, “Formosa, Japan's Island Province”, in R. Bruce Taylor, editor, Lands and Peoples : The World in Color, volume IV, page 234:

More than 100 ships, including one with 160 passengers aboard, sought shelter tonight in Keelung, the principal port of Formosa, from a typhoon reported approaching.

1935 July 29, “SCORES FLEE TYPHOON”, in Santa Ana Journal, volume 1, number 76, Santa Ana, Orange Co., Cal., page 1:

It required a week to make repairs in Keelung; then we went northward to the Loo Choo Islands, that "Forgotten Kingdom of the East."

1943, Roy Chapman Andrews, Under a Lucky Star, New York: Viking Press, page 78:

On the morning of 5 September Cooley approached Keelung in destroyer Gary; it was ticklish—the Japanese initially refused to answer radio messages and nobody could be certain whether the troops on Formosa would obey the Emperor's Rescript, or whether they had even heard of it.
The American ships got through the minefields all right, and were finally escorted to the dock by the Japanese, who decided to co-operate. With the help of a British colonel, a POW, who had organized the prisoners into companies, Cooley evacuated from Taipeh and Keelung 1,160 prisoners, mostly British, but also including 3 Australians, 12 Netherlanders, 69 Americans (of whom one was a corporal in the old 4th Marines). All prisoners were suffering from malnutrition, and 121 had to be left in hospitals for later evacuation.

1952, Robert Sherrod, History of Marine Corps Aviation in World War II, Washington, D.C.: Combat Forces Press, page 417:

Helena's 1958 cruise in the Far East began 3 August. Her first port of call was Keelung, Taiwan, arriving 21 August. Next day students and faculty of the Taiwan National Defense College were received on board for a tour of the ship.

1968, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, volume 3, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, page 290:

Today Kaohsiung and Keelung are the two busiest harbors in Taiwan, handling modern containerized traffic. At the time of Retrocession, they could accommodate ships only up to 8,000 tons.
. . .
Taiwan's main railway has been electrified, and an expressway has been built. It now takes only four hours to go from Keelung in the north to Kaohsiung in the south by train, or five hours by car.

1980 October 26, “People enjoy modern lifestyle”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXI, number 42, Taipei, page 4:

It was not until early-March that China announced its new round of surface-to-surface missile tests near the Taiwanese ports of Keelung and Kaohsiung, to be held from 8 to 15 March, partly coinciding with a new round of air-sea live-ammunition exercises, to be held from 12 to 20 March.

1997, Willem van Kemenade, translated by Diane Webb, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Inc., New York: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, page 50:

In July 2002, the police in Taiwan seized 79 kilograms of high-grade heroin and arrested six suspects in a daring raid in the port city of Keelung.

2005, Bertil Lintner, Great Leader, Dear Leader: Demystifying North Korea under the Kim Clan, Silkworm Books, →ISBN, page 103:

A retired senior PLA official alleges that PLA analysis has concluded that unexpected Global Positioning System (GPS) disruption likely caused the PLA to lose track of the second and third missiles of a three-missile salvo fired into the East China Sea 18.5 kilometers from Taiwan's Keelung naval port in March 1996, as part of a larger effort to deter what Beijing perceived to be pro-Taiwan independence moves.

2014 February, Peter Dutton, Andrew S. Erickson, Ryan Martinson, editors, China's Near Seas Combat Capabilities, Newport, R.I.: Naval War College, →ISBN, page 103:

2. Keelung
Around 15 miles north east of Taipei proper, in oceanside Keelung City, Keelung Night Market is a great place for seafood. With more than 60 vendors spread out across multiple blocks, it’s expansive, with a huge amount of variety. Go there for barbecue-sauce-coated squid, creamy butter crabs, eel noodles and plump oyster pancakes.

2021 January 29, Clarissa Wei, “A city guide to Taipei, Taiwan's culinary capital”, in National Geographic, archived from the original on 2021-01-29:

There are nearly 700 bomb shelters in this city of 360,000 people, leading officials to declare that Keelung has a higher density of places to hide than anywhere else in heavily fortified Taiwan. And for a loosely organized band of urban planners, artists and history lovers, Keelung’s bomb shelters have become a canvas — for creative urban renewal and civil defense.

2022 November 6, Damien Cave, Amy Chang Chien, “Taiwan’s Bomb Shelters: ‘A Space for Life. And a Space for Death.’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-11-06, Taiwan Dispatch:

Keelung
Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca)


타이페이

From English Taipei, from the Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 臺北／台北 (Táiběi).

타이베이 타이베이#Korean

(nonstandard) Synonym of 타이베이 (taibei, “Taipei, the capital city of Taiwan”).


타이베이

zh-l

臺北／台北 (Táiběi)


臺灣海峽

desc

→ English: Taiwan Strait, Taiwan Straits

ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

Тайвань Хайся

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wän⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ waːn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵ haːp̚²/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiap̚⁵/

/tai¹³⁻²² uan¹³⁻²² hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ uan²⁴⁻¹¹ hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tai²³⁻³³ uan²³⁻³³ hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wän⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ waːn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵ haːp̚²/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiap̚⁵/

/tai¹³⁻²² uan¹³⁻²² hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ uan²⁴⁻¹¹ hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tai²³⁻³³ uan²³⁻³³ hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

He [Chiang Kai-shek] praised Chen Huai as a disciple of revolution who practiced the true meaning of faith, and then brought up Biblical teaching explaining the importance of faith. He said that faith allowed Moses to have the courage to lead the people of Israel out of Egypt, cross the Red Sea and free themselves from the control of the powerful; faith allowed Joshua the courage to enter Canaan, wipe out the enemy and establish the nation. By extension, he said, "Faith can also allow us, like crossing the River Jordan in spirit, to cross the Taiwan Strait, reach the opposite shore, return to the mainland, have victory in battle over the demons, rescue the compatriots on the mainland and reestablish the Republic of China."

April 2011, Shao Ming-Huang (邵銘煌), 快刀與黑貓：蔣中正反攻大陸的想望, in 蔣中正日記與民國史研究 Vol. 2, p. 590, →ISBN →OCLC

Tā biǎozhāng Chén Huái shì yīge shíjiàn xìnxīn zhēnyì de gémìng xìntú, bìngjǔ “shèngjīng” jiàoyì chǎnmíng xìnxīn de zhòngyàoxìng. Tā shuō: xìnxīn shǐ Móxī yǒu yǒngqì dàilǐng Yǐsèliè rénmín chū Āijí, dù Hónghǎi, tuōlí qiángquán kòngzhì; xìnxīn shǐ Yuēshūyà yǒu yǒngqì jìnrù Jiānán, xiāomiè dírén, jiànshè guójiā. Jìn'ér shēnyán: “Xìnxīn yě néng shǐ wǒmen xiàng chuānyuè jīngshén shàng de Yuēdàn Hé yīyàng, chuānyuè Táiwān Hǎixiá, ér dàodá bǐ'àn, huí fǎn dàlù, zhànshèng èmó, jiějiù dàlù tóngbāo, chóngjiàn Zhōnghuá Mínguó.”

他表彰陳懷是一個實踐信心真義的革命信徒，並舉《聖經》教義闡明信心的重要性。他說：信心使摩西有勇氣帶領以色列人民出埃及，渡紅海，脫離強權控制；信心使約書亞有勇氣進入迦南，消滅敵人，建設國家。進而申言：「信心也能使我們像穿越精神上的約旦河一樣，穿越台灣海峽，而到達彼岸，回返大陸，戰勝惡魔，解救大陸同胞，重建中華民國。」

他表彰陈怀是一个实践信心真义的革命信徒，并举《圣经》教义阐明信心的重要性。他说：信心使摩西有勇气带领以色列人民出埃及，渡红海，脱离强权控制；信心使约书亚有勇气进入迦南，消灭敌人，建设国家。进而申言：「信心也能使我们像穿越精神上的约旦河一样，穿越台湾海峡，而到达彼岸，回返大陆，战胜恶魔，解救大陆同胞，重建中华民国。」


Taiwan Strait

Partial calque from Mandarin 臺灣海峽／台湾海峡 (Táiwān Hǎixiá)

zh-l

臺灣海峽／台湾海峡 (Táiwān Hǎixiá)

Formosa (Taiwan) is an island located about 200 miles north of the Philippine Islands, and separated from the southeastern coast of China by Taiwan Strait.

1946, “Japanese Colonies (Before surrender in 1945)”, in Lewis Copeland, editor, The Handy Encyclopedia Of Useful Information, Philadelphia: Blakiston Company, page 147:

This Nation, which has fundamental commitments to the Republic of China, has for many years sought the renunciation of force in the Taiwan Strait.

1971 [1964 January 18], Lyndon Johnson, “Letter to Chairman Khrushchev”, in The Vantage Point, Holt, Reinhart & Winston, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 602:

Kinmen now supplies fully a third of Taiwan’s kaolin and feldspar need. A total of 40,000 tons of kaolin and 4,200 tons of feldspar will be shipped across the Taiwan Strait this year.

1973 September 23, “Porcelain kilns are booming”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 37, Taipei, page 2:

Taipei lies on the east bank of the Tan-shui river between the mouths of two of its tributaries, the Hsin-tien and the Chi-lung. These rivers drain a fertile and humid basin surrounded by mountains on all sides but the northwest, where the Tan-shui flows into the Taiwan Straits facing the mainland.

[1974, Stephan Feuchtwang, “City Temples in Taipei Under Three Regimes”, in Mark Elvin, G. William Skinner, editors, The Chinese City Between Two Worlds, Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 264:

It was New Year's Eve, and the eighteen American officials who had hurriedly gathered in the State Department Operations Room on 31 December 1970, were still sharply divided after four hours of discussion.¹ The issue was what, if anything, the Seventh Fleet should do in the event of Chinese naval action against the U.S. seismic survey vessels then beginning to explore for oil in disputed waters of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Strait, and the Yellow Sea.

1977, Selig S. Harrison, China, Oil and Asia: Conflict Ahead?, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 1:

China liked the Taiwanese investment, but could not agree to give up its claim to sovereignty over the island; finding the right balance between economic pragmatism and aggressive nationalism was a constant challenge for China's leaders, especially during election season in Taiwan. I thought China had gone too far with the missile tests, and quickly, but without fanfare, I ordered a carrier group from the U.S. Navy's Pacific fleet to sail to the Taiwan Strait. The crisis passed.

2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, volume II, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, page 314:

The strait dividing mainland Asia (China) from Taiwan island and connecting the East and South China Seas.

Straat van Taiwan

the channel of water between mainland China and Taiwan


海峽

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (海峽):
* → Japanese: 海峡(かいきょう) (kaikyō)
* → Korean: 해협(海峽) (haehyeop)

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ haːp̚²/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ haːp̚²/

海峽兩岸

海峡两岸

臺灣海峽 臺灣海峽#Chinese

台湾海峡 台湾海峡#Chinese

Short for 臺灣海峽／台湾海峡 (Táiwān Hǎixiá, “Taiwan Strait”).


Chiayi

From Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 嘉義／嘉义 (Jiāyì) Wade-Giles romanization: Chia¹-yi⁴.

zh-l

嘉義／嘉义 (Jiāyì)

In Chiayi and Ilan peasant uprisings broke out and could not be put down until the army had taken more than 700 farmers into custody.

1939, “Formosans Fight for China”, in China at War, volumes 3-4, Chungking: China Information Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 74:

Since many factories have not been repaired or are operating at low capacity, there is much unemployment. Repatriation of overseas Taiwanese has aggravated the problem, which the government has made no real effort to solve. During the war the Japanese built at Chiayi a large factory for making high-octane gas. Now it is closed, and one-fifth of the town's population are out of work. It is not surprising that at Chiayi last month there was fierce fighting against the mainlanders.

1947 June 7, Peggy Durdin, “Taiwan : China's Unhappy Colony”, in The Nation, volume 164, number 23, New York, page 686:

Thus one of C. L. Yang's teams recently spent three months studying the efficiency of the PVC and polyurethane (PU) packaging divisions of Nan Ya. By the time they left, 272 jobs had been eliminated and $7.45 million saved per year on materials. The same approach halved the steam used by FCFC to produce a ton of rayon and tripled productivity over three years in Nan Ya's PVC pipe plant in Chiayi.

1985 July 15, Andrew Tanzer, “Y.C. Wang gets up very early in the morning”, in Forbes, volume 136, number 2, page 91:

Yeh Wang (1826-1889), a master craftsman born in Chiayi, founded the Taiwanese branch of the industry, and though his work is rare these days, you can still see some of his original figures in Ciji Temple in Syuejia near Tainan (see p.333).[...]Chiayi is still home to numerous koji craftsmen - in addition to its vibrant colours, koji is unique in that everything is handmade.

2007, Stephen Keeling, Brice Minnigh, “Central Taiwan”, in The Rough Guide to Taiwan (Rough Guides), Penguin, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 287:

There would also be traditional dishes associated with different regions of Taiwan, which covers 36,000 square kilometers (an area comparable to the Netherlands) and is home to more than 23.5 million people. In central Chiayi City, that would be a rice bowl topped with local chicken that’s pulled into soft shreds, and dressed with its own juices and fat.

2019 June 11, Julia Moskin, “A New Generation of Chefs Reframes Taiwanese Cuisine in America”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-06-11, Food:

Under the social security program, the government will expand insurance coverage to include dependents of public functionaries, and establish more clinics in Tainan, Chiayi, and Hsinchu countries^([sic – meaning counties]).

1980 January 13, “Continued stress on people's welfare”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXI, number 2, Taipei, page 1:

In my next move, I sent one of my aides to Chiayi County to sign a contract to lease a landfill.

2014, Jerome A. Cohen, Lu Hsiu-lien, Ashley Esarey, My Fight for a New Taiwan, University of Washington Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 240:

In the battle of Tap'ulin (present-day Talin) in Chiayi County, the Taiwan Volunteers beat the Japanese and won back some territory, "an event unprecedented since the start of the Sino-Japanese War," which lifted the morale of the people.

2015, Wan-yao Chou (周婉窈), translated by Carole Plackitt and Tim Casey, A New Illustrated History of Taiwan, Taipei: SMC Publishing, →ISBN, page 160:

The most eye-popping example of the exotic funeral occurred in Taiwan last year, when 50 women in lingerie pole-danced on moving black cars at the funeral of politician Tung Hsiang.
The Chiayi County Council speaker “enjoyed a buzz” so the funeral was designed to give him “a happy departure,” his son said, according to reports.

2018 September 3, Anna Fifield, “First day of kindergarten? Chinese school welcomes kids with a pole dancer”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-09-04, WorldViews:

While the Executive Yuan is considering setting up science parks in Pingtung and Chiayi counties, there is some criticism about whether science parks are needed in every city and county.

2021 January 16, Lin Chia-nan, “Planned science parks in Chiayi, Pingtung panned”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2021-01-15:


Taivania

la-proper noun

Taivania f sg (genitive Taivaniae); first declension

Taivaniae (genitive)
Taivania (nominative singular)
Taivaniae (genitive singular)
Taivaniae (dative singular)
Taivaniam (accusative singular)
Taivaniā (ablative singular)
Taivania (singular vocative)
Taivaniae (locative singular)

From Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān) + -ia (suffix forming place names), from Literary Chinese 臺灣, from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, etc., a placename initially referring to a sandbank peninsula that later silted up now wholly part of the island in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan, and eventually became the name of the entire island. The original placename itself was likely originally a loanword transcription from possibly Siraya.

suffix

(New Latin) Taiwan (a country in East Asia)


Тайбэй

ru-proper noun+

Тайбэ́й • (Tajbɛ́j) m inan (genitive Тайбэ́я, relational adjective тайбэ́йский)

Тайбэ́й (canonical)
Tajbɛ́j (romanization)
Тайбэ́я (genitive)
тайбэ́йский (adjective relational)
Тайбэ́й (nominative singular)
Тайбэ́я (genitive singular)
Тайбэ́ю (dative singular)
Тайбэ́й (accusative singular)
Тайбэ́ем (instrumental singular)
Тайбэ́е (prepositional singular)
Тайбэ́й (dated nominative singular)
Тайбэ́я (dated genitive singular)
Тайбэ́ю (dated dative singular)
Тайбэ́й (accusative dated singular)
Тайбэ́емъ (dated instrumental singular)
Тайбэ́ѣ (dated prepositional singular)


Taívan

is-proper noun

Taívan n (proper noun, genitive singular Taívan or (equally common) Taívans)

Taívan (genitive singular)
Taívans (common genitive singular)
Taívan (indefinite nominative singular)
Taívan (accusative indefinite singular)
Taívan (dative indefinite singular)
Taívan (genitive indefinite singular)
Taívans (genitive indefinite singular)

Taiwan (an island and partly-recognized country in East Asia)


Biển Đông

[ʔɓiən˧˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]


타이완

Borrowed from Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān), from Literary Chinese 臺灣, from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, etc., from possibly Siraya.

(South Korea) Taiwan (an island and partly-recognized country in East Asia)


Đài Bắc

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ ʔɓak̚˧˦]

[ʔɗaːj˦˩ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ ʔɓak̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Đài Bắc.wav


Տայբեյ

Taybey (romanization)
Տայբեյ (nominative singular singular-only)
Տայբեյի (dative singular singular-only)
Տայբեյից (ablative singular singular-only)
Տայբեյով (instrumental singular singular-only)
Տայբեյում (locative singular singular-only)
Տայբեյը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Տայբեյն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
Տայբեյին (dative definite singular singular-only)
Տայբեյս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
Տայբեյիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Տայբեյիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
Տայբեյովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
Տայբեյումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
Տայբեյդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տայբեյիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տայբեյիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տայբեյովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
Տայբեյումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

Տայբեյը/Տայբեյն

Տայբեյները/Տայբեյներն

Տայբեյներում

Տայբեյներիցս

Տայբեյներովս

Տայբեյներումս

Տայբեյներիցդ

Տայբեյներովդ

Տայբեյներումդ


New Taiwan dollar

en-noun

New Taiwan dollar (plural New Taiwan dollars)


Гаосюн

ru-proper noun+

Гаосю́н • (Gaosjún) m inan (genitive Гаосю́на)

Гаосю́н (canonical)
Gaosjún (romanization)
Гаосю́на (genitive)
Гаосю́н (nominative singular)
Гаосю́на (genitive singular)
Гаосю́ну (dative singular)
Гаосю́н (accusative singular)
Гаосю́ном (instrumental singular)
Гаосю́не (prepositional singular)


Тайчжун

Тайчжу́н • (Tajčžún) m inan (genitive Тайчжу́на)

Тайчжу́н (canonical)
Tajčžún (romanization)
Тайчжу́на (genitive)
Тайчжу́н (nominative singular)
Тайчжу́на (genitive singular)
Тайчжу́ну (dative singular)
Тайчжу́н (accusative singular)
Тайчжу́ном (instrumental singular)
Тайчжу́не (prepositional singular)


Tchaj-pej

Tchaj-pej (nominative singular)
Tchaj-peje (genitive singular)
Tchaj-peji (dative singular)
Tchaj-pej (accusative singular)
Tchaj-peji (singular vocative)
Tchaj-peji (locative singular)
Tchaj-pejí (instrumental singular)


Tchaj-pej

sk-proper noun

Tchaj-pej m inan (genitive singular Tchaj-peja)


Takao

The landing of Government troops and subsequent terrorism
Foreign observers who were at Keelung March 8 state that in mid-afternoon the streets of the city were cleared suddenly by machine gun fire directed at no particular objects or persons. After dark ships docked and discharged the troops for which the Governor apparently had been waiting. Fairly reliable sources estimate that about 2,000 police were landed, followed by about 8,000 troops with light equipment including U.S. Army jeeps. Men and equipment were rushed to Taipei. It is reported that about 3,000 men were landed at Takao simultaneously. Troops were reportedly continuing to arrive on March 17.

1949, United States Relations With China, United States Department of State, page 931:

A descendant of Robert Swinhoe, the first British consul in what was then known as Formosa, on Thursday visited the British Consulate at Takow (打狗英國領事館) in Kaohsiung, hoping to deepen his understanding of his ancestor.
Robert Swinhoe was stationed in Taiwan in July 1861 as the first British vice-consul, and he set up the first British Consular Office in Taiwan in Taiwanfu (modern-day Tainan), the Kaohsiung Bureau of Cultural Affairs said.
Three years later, Britain relocated the vice consulate from Taiwanfu to Takao (modern-day Kaohsiung), after the Port of Kaohsiung was opened.

2019, Huang Chia-lin, Jake Chung, “Descendant of Britain’s first consul visits Taiwan”, in Taipei Times:

The Facebook group Takao Good Day (高雄好過日) on Thursday mocked Han's election campaign promise of "10,000 companies gathering" (萬商雲集) as turning out to be "thousands of businesses going bankrupt" (千商倒閉). The Kaohsiung City Government Economic Development Bureau explained that it is following the central government's policy to dissolve companies that are no longer operating.

2019, Keoni Everington, “1,500 companies go bankrupt in Kaohsiung under Han's rule”, in Taiwan News:


tajwański

pl-adj

tajwański (not comparable, no derived adverb)

tajwański (masculine nominative singular)
tajwańska (feminine nominative singular)
tajwańskie (neuter nominative singular)
tajwańscy (nominative plural virile)
tajwańskie (nominative plural)
tajwańskiego (genitive masculine singular)
tajwańskiej (feminine genitive singular)
tajwańskiego (genitive neuter singular)
tajwańskich (genitive plural)
tajwańskich (genitive plural virile)
tajwańskiemu (dative masculine singular)
tajwańsku (archaic dative masculine singular)
tajwańskiej (dative feminine singular)
tajwańskiemu (dative neuter singular)
tajwańsku (archaic dative neuter singular)
tajwańskim (dative plural)
tajwańskim (dative plural virile)
tajwańskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
tajwański (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
tajwańską (accusative feminine singular)
tajwańskie (accusative neuter singular)
tajwańskich (accusative plural virile)
tajwańskie (accusative plural)
tajwańskim (instrumental masculine singular)
tajwańską (feminine instrumental singular)
tajwańskim (instrumental neuter singular)
tajwańskimi (instrumental plural)
tajwańskimi (instrumental plural virile)
tajwańskim (locative masculine singular)
tajwańskiej (feminine locative singular)
tajwańskim (locative neuter singular)
tajwańskich (locative plural)
tajwańskich (locative plural virile)


Téaváin

An Téaváin (canonical feminine)
na Téaváine (genitive)
nominative (indefinite)
Téaváin (indefinite singular)
vocative (indefinite)
a Théaváin (indefinite singular)
genitive (indefinite)
Téaváine (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an Téaváin (definite singular)
genitive (definite)
na Téaváine (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an Téaváin (definite singular)
don Téaváin (definite singular)
Téaváin
Théaváin
dTéaváin

From English Taiwan, from Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān) and possibly Japanese 臺灣(たいわん) (taiwan), both from Literary Chinese 臺灣, from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, etc., from possibly Siraya.


తైవాన్

te-proper noun

తైవాన్ • (taivān) ?


Taoyuan

From Mandarin 桃園 (Táoyuán) Wade–Giles romanization: Tʻao²-yüan².

One of the first 4-H members receives an official club banner during the inaugural meeting in Taoyuan.

1953 June, Cooperative Extension Service, “4-H Clubs Thrive in Formosa”, in Extension Service Review, volume 24, number 6, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 112:

An international seminar entitled "Land Consolidation: Its Potential for New Urbanization at the Rural Fringe" began June 7 at Taoyuan in northern Taiwan.

1979 June 10, “10 nations in talks on efficient use of land”, in Free China Weekly, volume XX, number 22, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Chen Shui-bian has been transferred from a detention center, in which he was held for over 700 days, to a prison in Taoyuan, right outside of Taipei.

2010 December 3, Sarah Berning, “Taiwan's ex-president formally begins 19-year jail term”, in Anne Thomas, editor, Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2023-07-16:

Unlike many influential politicians in Taiwan and elsewhere, Lu Hsiu-lien does not come from an elite family. Her father, Lu Shi-sheng, ran a medium-size shop in the city of Taoyuan in northern Taiwan, and her mother Lu Huang-chin, had more children than she could financially support.

2014, Jerome A. Cohen, Lu Hsiu-lien, Ashley Esarey, My Fight for a New Taiwan, University of Washington Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 4:

Taiwan carried out an unprecedented military drill Tuesday, a day ahead of its National Day celebrations, in Taoyuan in northern parts of the country.
The drill was attended by Taiwanese president Tsai Ing-wen, and President of Paraguay Mario Abdo Benitez, who is on a state visit to Taiwan until Thursday.

2018 October 9, “Taiwan conducts massive military drills ahead of National Day”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2022-08-18:

After Yu Hsin-Hsien was elected to the City Council that year in Taoyuan, a city near Taipei, mysterious strangers began inquiring about buying his Facebook page, which had around 280,000 followers. Mr. Yu, 30, immediately suspected China.

2020 January 6, Raymond Zhong, “Awash in Disinformation Before Vote, Taiwan Points Finger at China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-01-06, Technology:

A city in northwestern Taiwan, formerly a county.


Kuomintang

c. 1912, from the Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 國民黨／国民党 (Guómíndǎng), Wade–Giles: Kuo²-min²-tang³.

It is generally believed that the creation of the Kuomintang will somewhat straighten out the political tangle in China caused by the multitude of parties. The Kuomintang holds itself out as the democratic party, and its support of the President will be tempered by the path his future actions take.

1912 September 7, “The Passing of the Tungmenghui”, in North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette, volume CIV, number 2352, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 686, column 3:

The trend of events from the founding of the Republic to the unseating of the Kuomintang members of the National Assembly in November, 1913, however, confirmed the belief held in many quarters that republicanism was not a suitable system of government for the Chinese in their present stage of political development.

1916, F. L. Pratt, “CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, 1915”, in China Mission Year Book 1916, Shanghai: Christian Literature Society for China, page 24:

U Nu's government was Socialist with a program of nationalization. But it had to fight for survival against almost universal disorder complicated by a Communist rebellion, a Karen rising, which was far more serious, and, in 1950, the arrival from Yünnan of General Li Mi's Kuomintang division after its rout by the Chinese Communists.

1968, Daniel George Edward Hall, “Burma”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 4, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 442, column 2:

He drew lists of Party cadre members of both before and after forty-nine, and pored over the scant details of those entrusted with the takeover of big enterprises where technological know-how was required: in particular the Kiangnan shipyard, a massive affair from which the Kuomintang elements had repeatedly to be purged.

1977, John Le Carré, The Honourable Schoolboy, Folio Society, published 2010, page 238:

The Kuomintang Party, after capturing 62 of the 71 seats in the Dec. 3 legislative elections, has retained control of the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan, the bastion of recovery, that it has held for the past 30 years.

1983 December 4, “6.7 Million Voters Select 71 Legislators”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXIV, number 48, Taipei, page 1:

By 1927, these gangs had come to play a cardinal political role, serving as agents of the Kuomintang in dealing with unions, radicals, and other opponents of the regime.

1985, Harold R. Isaacs, Re-encounters in China: Notes of a Journey in a Time Capsule, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, page 6:

If we say that the Communist Parties in West European countries are tainted with some undesirable traditions of the social-democratic parties, the Chinese Communist Party is more or less tainted with the undesirable traditions of the Kuomintang. The concept of “ruling the country by the party”, held by some comrades, is a manifestation in our Party of an abominable tradition of the Kuomintang.

1992 [1941 April 15], Xiaoping Deng, “The Party and the Anti-Japanese Democratic Government”, in Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 17:

Next door, you can't miss the Fushan Illuminated Wall, a huge sign with red Chinese characters on a white background declaring: "Sleep with one's sword ready." Its purpose was to brace the islands' Kuomintang troops and to warn off the Communist troops always watching from just across the waters.

2004, Phil Macdonald, National Geographic Traveler: Taiwan, National Geographic Society, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 203:

In February, the newly elected mayor of Taipei, Chiang Wan-an, welcomed a delegation from the Shanghai branch of the Taiwan Affairs Office. Andrew Hsia, a Kuomintang vice chairman, went to China and met with Wang Huning and Song Tao, two key figures in Beijing’s Taiwan strategy.

2023 March 27, Chris Horton, “Taiwan’s Ex-President Heads to China in Historic and Closely Watched Visit”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-27, Asia Pacific:

A nationalist political party founded under Sun Yat-sen in 1912 that ruled mainland China from 1928 to 1949, now one of three major parties in the Republic of China (Taiwan).

Chinese History: A New Manual
Harvard University Press
Kuomintang

國民黨

a nationalist political party in pre-Communist China, and contemporary Taiwan

Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang


兩岸

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ ŋɔːn²²/

/liɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

/liɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/

/liɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/liɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

/nŋ̍²²⁻²¹ huã²²/

/liaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ŋai³⁵/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ ŋɔːn²²/

/liɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

/liɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/

/liɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/liɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

/nŋ̍²²⁻²¹ huã²²/

/liaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ŋai³⁵/


Ķīnas Republika

Ķīnas Republika (nominative singular)
Ķīnas Republiku (accusative singular)
Ķīnas Republikas (genitive singular)
Ķīnas Republikai (dative singular)
Ķīnas Republiku (instrumental singular)
Ķīnas Republikā (locative singular)
Ķīnas Republika (singular vocative)

Ķīnas Republika Taivānā ir valsts Austrumāzijā, Dienvidķīnas jūrā

the Republic of China in Taiwan is a country in East Asia, in the South China Sea

Ķīnas Republikas vēstniecība

Republic of China (official name of Taiwan)


Taivāna

Taivāna (nominative singular)
Taivānu (accusative singular)
Taivānas (genitive singular)
Taivānai (dative singular)
Taivānu (instrumental singular)
Taivānā (locative singular)
Taivāna (singular vocative)

Anping District
lv:Taivāna (sala)
lv:Ķīnas Republika

Via other European languages, ultimately from Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān) and possibly Japanese 臺灣(たいわん) (taiwan), both from Literary Chinese 臺灣, from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, etc., a placename initially referring to a sandbank peninsula that later silted up now wholly part of the island in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan, and eventually became the name of the entire island. The original placename itself was likely originally a loanword transcription from possibly Siraya.

Taivānas karogs

Ķīnas republika Taivānā

šobrīd Taivānas suverenitāti atzīst tikai 23 valstis

currently only 23 countries recognize the sovereignty of Taiwan

Taiwan (a country in Far East, Asia; capital: Taipei)


New Taipei

c. 2008, calque of Chinese 新北 (Xīnběi) as New + Taipei, officially adopted in 2010.

Arson has not been ruled out in a fire that broke out Friday in Yungho, New Taipei, causing one death and 24 injuries, the city's fire department said that day.

2014 September 12, “Deadly New Taipei blaze: arson suspected”, in Focus Taiwan, archived from the original on 2022-10-03, Society:

In what has been seen as a fiercely contested match, Hou faced stiff competition from Su, a veteran politician in Taiwan, who proved his mettle governing at the local level as the magistrate of Taipei County for two terms between 1997 and 2004. Taipei County was upgraded to the status as a special municipality in 2010 and renamed New Taipei.

2018 November 24, Tzu-ti Huang, “Taiwan elections: KMT candidate wins race for New Taipei mayor”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2018-11-24:

Housing prices have started to fall by about 5-10% since the beginning of 2015, and the house price-to-income ratios in Taipei and New Taipei are 14.9 and 12.43, respectively.

2019, International Housing Market Experience and Implications for China (Routledge Studies in International Real Estate), →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC:

In July, the New Taipei city government organized a large-scale drill with its disaster services and the Defense Ministry. Included for the first time was urban warfare, such as how first responders would react to an attack on a train station or a port.

2022 September 4, Huizhong Wu, “Military reserves, civil defense worry Taiwan as China looms”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-09-05:

A special municipality in northern Taiwan

Ministry of the Interior (Taiwan)
New Taipei City


Nantou

From Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 南投 (Nántóu) Wade–Giles romanization: Nan²-tʻou².

The island-wide spleen survey carried out in 1953 (Demos, Ch'enk & Hsieh, 1954; Wu, 1956) showed the following pattern of malaria endemicity in Taiwan (see Fig. 2):
(i) hypoendemic regions (spleen rate below 10%) at altitudes of over 1000 metres (with the exception of a few villages at altitudes of 1000-1300 metres in Nantou Hsien of Central Taiwan), and the municipal centres, southwestern coastal townships, and Penghu;[…]

1958, “Malaria Control and Eradication in Taiwan Progress Report, May 1952 to June 1957”, in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, volume 19, number 4, page 601:

He confidently tends his crops and rears his family in Nantou County on Formosa's gardenlike west-central plain.

1965, Albert Ravenholt, “Awakening the Land”, in The World Book Yearbook, page 135:

Hardest hit by the flooding and landslides was Nantou County, where 14 persons were reported killed, two injured and several others missing.

1983 June 12, “People working together soften impact of floods”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXIV, number 23, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

Taiwan President Ma Ying-jeou on Thursday approved a visit next week by the Dalai Lama to the typhoon-hit island in a move analysts say could damage Taipei's efforts to improve ties with China.
"We have decided to agree to the Dalai Lama's visit to pray for the souls of the deceased and seek blessings for the survivors of the typhoon," Ma told reporters in central Nantou county.

2009 August 27, “Dalai Lama invite incurs Chinese wrath”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2010-07-22:


Hualien

From Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 花蓮／花莲 (Hua¹-lien²).

Save some time by flying from Taipei to Hualien (45 minutes) in order to drive part-way along the hand-chiseled East Coast Highway. This road goes through spectacular Taroko Gorge, where marble walls rise from 1,000 to 2,000 feet above the sea. One section goes through 85 tunnels, which have windows cut in the sides to facilitate sightseeing.

1962 October 14, “Foreign Travel : In the Pacific . . . and in Britain . . . some travel bargains”, in Sunset, page 16:

The 120-mile East-West Cross-Island Highway, running from just outside Hualien, a city facing the Pacific, across the island's high mountain spine to Tungshih, near Taichung, is on no account to be missed.
...
Midway down the island, the Suao-Hualien Highway dips and snakes for 69 tortuous miles across the face of black-rock cliffs that plunge as much as 2,600 feet into the perpetually raging Pacific.

1989 December 14, Arthur Zich, “That Other China”, in Connoisseur, pages 134-135:

Cheng Yen begins each day at 3:50 a.m., awakening from a floor mat in her monastery outside Taiwan's mountainous coastal city of Hualien.[...]
Her standing in Taiwan is so high that all three presidential candidates in the March election traveled to Hualien to seek her blessing.

2000 October 24, “Cheng Yen”, in BusinessWeek, page 72:

The 2020 Citizens Sports Games are almost here. This year the setting is none other than the beautiful scenery of Hualien.
These games for the general public will kick off on Oct. 17 and showcase 28 events over six days. More than 15,000 people are expected to converge on Hualien to watch the action.

2020 October 7, 0:00 from the start, in 2020 Citizens Sports Games bring athletes to the beautiful scenery of Hualien, Formosa Television:

A train derailed and the roof of a platform collapsed at Dongli Station in Hualien County, President Tsai Ing-wen of Taiwan said in a message on Facebook.

2022 September 18, Austin Ramzy, “Powerful Earthquake Strikes Taiwan, Killing at Least 1”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-09-19, Asia Pacific:

Taiwan television stations showed footage of buildings at precarious angles in the sparsely populated eastern county of Hualien, near the quake's epicentre.[…]
Taiwan's Central Weather Administration said the earthquake registered the second-highest intensity of an "Upper 6" in Hualien county, on the 1-7 intensity scale.

2024 April 3, Ben Blanchard, Shanghai and Hong Kong newsrooms, Bernard Orr, “Taiwan hit by strongest quake in 25 years, buildings damaged”, in Tom Hogue, Himani Sarkar, Lincoln Feast, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2024-04-03, Asia Pacific: