楊梅

/jɑŋ³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/iɔŋ³⁵ mi³⁵/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ moi̯¹¹/

/ʒoŋ⁵⁵ moi⁵⁵/

/iɔŋ¹¹ moɪ¹¹/

/iɔŋ³³ mo³³/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻³³ mui⁵³/

/t͡sʰiũ²⁴⁻²² m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃¹³⁻²² m̩¹³/

/t͡sʰiu²⁴⁻¹¹ m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiu²⁴⁻¹² m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiu²⁴⁻²² m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ m̩²⁴/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² muĩ²⁴/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ muĩ²⁴/

/iɔŋ²³⁻³³ muĩ²³/

/t͡sʰiu²²⁻¹¹ m̩²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻²¹ mui²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ muĩ²⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ muĩ²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ bue²⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ bue²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²¹ bue²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻²¹ mue²⁴/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bue⁵⁵/

/ɦiã²² me⁴⁴/

/jɑŋ³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/iɔŋ³⁵ mi³⁵/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ moi̯¹¹/

/ʒoŋ⁵⁵ moi⁵⁵/

/iɔŋ¹¹ moɪ¹¹/

/iɔŋ³³ mo³³/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻³³ mui⁵³/

/t͡sʰiũ²⁴⁻²² m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃¹³⁻²² m̩¹³/

/t͡sʰiu²⁴⁻¹¹ m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiu²⁴⁻¹² m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiu²⁴⁻²² m̩²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ m̩²⁴/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² muĩ²⁴/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ muĩ²⁴/

/iɔŋ²³⁻³³ muĩ²³/

/t͡sʰiu²²⁻¹¹ m̩²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻²¹ mui²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ muĩ²⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ muĩ²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ bue²⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ bue²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²¹ bue²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻²¹ mue²⁴/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bue⁵⁵/

/ɦiã²² me⁴⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ muẽ²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ muẽ²⁴/

/jɑŋ³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ moi̯¹¹/

/iũ²³⁻³³ muĩ²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ muĩ²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ bue²⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ bue²³/

/iũ²³⁻³³ muẽ²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ muẽ²⁴/

(～區, formerly ～市, ～鎮) Yangmei (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a city and an urban township)


桃園

For the place in Taiwan, shortened from Hokkien 桃仔園／桃仔园 (Thô-á-hn̂g), which was used alongside 桃園／桃园 by the time of the Guangxu Emperor. Found in official Qing documents by 1888.

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰo⁵⁵ ʒan⁵⁵/

/tʰo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰɤ²³⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰo¹³⁻²² huĩ¹³/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰo⁵⁵ ʒan⁵⁵/

/tʰo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰɤ²³⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tʰo¹³⁻²² huĩ¹³/

(～區, formerly ～市) Taoyuan (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a county-controlled city)


觀音

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (觀音):
* → Japanese: 観(かん)音(のん) (Kannon)
* → Korean: 관음(觀音) (Gwaneum)
* → Vietnamese: Quan Âm (觀音)

→ Burmese: ကွမ်ယင် (kwam-yang)

→ English: Guanyin

→ Indonesian: Kwan Im

desc

→ Thai: กวนอิม

→ Thai: กวนอิม

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ im²⁴/

/kuæ̃¹¹ iŋ¹¹/

/kuaŋ⁵⁵ nˡiŋ⁵⁵/

/kueŋ³³⁻²³ im³³/

/kuaŋ³³⁻²³ im³³/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ im²⁴/

/kuæ̃¹¹ iŋ¹¹/

/kuaŋ⁵⁵ nˡiŋ⁵⁵/

/kueŋ³³⁻²³ im³³/

/kuaŋ³³⁻²³ im³³/

“[One who] Observes Sounds”, in reference to the prayers and cries of sentient beings who need help, a calque of Sanskrit अवलोकितस्वर (avalokitasvara, literally “down-observe-sound”), the original form of अवलोकितेश्वर (avalokiteśvara, “Avalokiteśvara”), the bodhisattva who embodies the compassion of all Buddhas.
Synonymous with 觀世音／观世音 (Guānshìyīn, “One who Observes the Sounds of the World”), which interpreted the middle element of the Sanskrit compound as लोक (loka, “world”). The shorter form became more common during the Tang dynasty to avoid naming the taboo personal name of Emperor Taizong of Tang, 李世民.
Compare Tibetan སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས (spyan ras gzigs, literally “one who looks down with an unwavering eye”).

cog

སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Guanyin (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)


中壢

→ English: Chungli, Jhongli, Zhongli

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ lɪk̚²/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ lɛːk̚²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ lɪk̚²/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ lɛːk̚²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴/

(～區, formerly ～市) Zhongli, Jhongli, Chungli (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a county-controlled city)


復興

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (復興):
* → Japanese: 復興(ふっこう) (fukkō)
* → Korean: 부흥(復興) (buheung)
* → Vietnamese: phục hưng (復興)

→ English: Fusing, Fuxing

/fu⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ³³/

/hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/fu⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ³³/

/hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Fuxing (a mountain indigenous district in eastern Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a mountain indigenous township)


新屋

/ɕin⁵⁵ uɻʷ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ ʊk̚⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² ɔk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² ɔk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔk̚³²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ uɻʷ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ ʊk̚⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² ɔk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² ɔk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔk̚³²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔk̚³²/

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Xinwu (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)


Taoyuan

From Mandarin 桃園 (Táoyuán) Wade–Giles romanization: Tʻao²-yüan².

A district of Taoyuan, in northwestern Taiwan.


Zhongli

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 中壢／中坜 (Zhōnglì).

zh-l

中壢／中坜 (Zhōnglì)

In general, we can see Ploughshare as part of a local system, which includes all the communities for whom the basic-level market, and later administrative center, has been the nearby town of Sanxia. This local system is, in turn, part of a regional system, including all of the Chinese-inhabited parts of Taiwan from Taoyan^([sic – meaning Taoyuan]) and Zhongli in the south to Jilong in the north, with its market and administrative center at the twin cities of Megjia^([sic – meaning Mengjia]) and Dadaocheng, which later became Taibei.

1982, Stevan Harrell, “Ploughshare in the Socioeconomic System”, in 犁舌尾 [Ploughshare Village: Culture and Context in Taiwan], University of Washington Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 17:

The Zhongyuan Institute of Science and Engineering is located at Zhongli, a town midway between Taibei and Xinzhu.[…]
National Central University, also at Zhongli, has departments in atmospheric physics, chemical engineering, civil engineering, mathematics, and physics.

1984, Tong B. Tang, “Science and Technology in Taiwan”, in Science and Technology in China, London: Longman, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 209:

On Wednesday, Taoyuan Mayor Cheng Wen-tsan (鄭文燦) announced that three clerks working at a Union Bank branch in Taoyuan City's Zhongli District had tested positive for COVID. The three had been listed as contacts of case No. 17,472, a residential service worker.

2022 January 12, Keoni Everington, “3 Union Bank clerks test positive for COVID in northern Taiwan”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2022-01-12, Society:


蘆竹

/lu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/lɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/lɔ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/lu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/lɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/lɔ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Luzhu (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)


龜山

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 亀山 (Kameyama).

obor

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Guishan (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)


龍潭

/lʊŋ³⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ tʰaːm²¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² tʰam¹³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰam²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ tʰam²³/

/lʊŋ³⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ tʰaːm²¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² tʰam¹³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰam²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ tʰam²³/

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Longtan (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)


大溪

/taːi̯²² kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻²¹ kʰe⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ kʰue⁴⁴/

/du²² t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

/taːi̯²² kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻²¹ kʰe⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ kʰue⁴⁴/

/du²² t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

(～區, formerly ～鎮) Daxi (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly an urban township)


平鎮

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐn³³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tin²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tin⁴¹/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tin²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin¹¹/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tin²¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐn³³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tin²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tin⁴¹/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tin²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin¹¹/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tin²¹/

(～區, formerly ～市) Pingzhen (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a city)


大園

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tua²²⁻²¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ hŋ̍¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ hŋ̍²³/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tua²²⁻²¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ hŋ̍¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ hŋ̍²³/

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Dayuan (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)


八德

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

(～區, formerly ～市) Bade (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a county-controlled city)


南勢

/lam²³⁻³³ si²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ si¹¹/

/lam²³⁻³³ si²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ si¹¹/

/nän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/nän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ si²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ si¹¹/

Nanshi (a place in Pingzhen district, Taoyuan, Taiwan)


Daxi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 大溪 (Dàxī).

At Cihu, near the town of Daxi, 30 miles (50 km) southwest of Taipei on Provincial Highway 7, Chiang Kai-shek lies entombed above ground in a granite and marble coffin in one of his former country villas. The gravesite is "temporary," as before his death Chiang had requested his body be returned to his native province of Zhejiang in mainland China.

2011, Phil Macdonald, Taiwan, 3rd edition, National Geographic Society, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 122:

Now, busloads of Chinese tourists come every week to visit Chiang’s tomb, nestled between two red and blue Taiwanese flags in the small town of Daxi, an hour’s drive south of Taipei.

2012 August 30, Sarah Mishkin, “Chinese tourists boost Taiwan’s economy”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-08-31, Asia:


Fuxing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 復興 (Fùxīng).

Firefighters from both Yilan County and Taoyuan City gathered at Phay, which is in the Fuxing District of Taoyuan City.

2022 October 20, G. Chen, “Rescuers Deliver Daily Supplies to 302 Stranded People 救援人員徒步跋涉 昨挺進明池山莊送藥”, in Public Television Service, archived from the original on 2024-05-30:

Four men were found without vital signs after the vehicle they were traveling in plunged into a 50-meter-deep mountain valley in Taoyuan's Fuxing District just after noon on Thursday.
The Taoyuan City Fire Department said that two others, a man and a woman, were pulled from the vehicle alive after rescuers were called to the scene of the accident near Sbunaw Bridge in Fuxing District at 12:27 p.m.

2023 August 3, Yeh Chen, Bernadette Hsiao, “4 found without vital signs after vehicle plunges into rural Taoyuan valley”, in Focus Taiwan, archived from the original on 2023-08-03, Society:

A mountain indigenous district of Taoyuan, Taiwan.


Longtan

Wei Hsin-hsi and his wife pose for a picture outside their family’s temple that is located inside the proposed expansion area of an industrial park in the Longtan district of Taoyuan, in Taoyuan, Taiwan September 22, 2023.[…]
Two weeks later, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co Ltd (2330.TW) (TSMC), the world's largest contract chipmaker, dropped plans to build a factory as part of the science park expansion in the bucolic Longtan district nearby - a development that heartened protesters and laid bare one of Taiwan's increasingly fraught "five shortages".[…]
The science park administration, which had noted that Hsinchu and Longtan are running out of space to create advanced chips, said it would proceed with the expansion for other companies.

2023 November 8, Sarah Wu, “Taiwan's land squeeze pits advanced chips against ancestral temples”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-11-08, Climate & Energy / Climate Change:


Xinwu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 新屋 (Xīnwū).

Soap maker Mary & Majestic Inc (美琪生技) yesterday said that it will spend NT$700 million (US$23.12 million) to build a new factory in Xinwu Township (新屋鄉), Taoyuan County, in April, aiming to increase its annual revenue to between NT$1 billion and NT$1.5 billion from the current NT$500 million in the next five years.

2014 February 19, Camaron Kao, “Mary & Majestic to build new factory in Taoyuan”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-11-21, Business, page 13:

The accident reportedly took place late Saturday, as the men returned to shore after wading out into the waters near Yongan Fishing Port in Taoyuan's Xinwu District to perform a ritual to send away the evils and diseases while praying for peace and good fortune.

2022 August 14, Jui-chi Wu, Chao Yen-hsiang, “Taoyuan Ghost Festival accident leaves 3 dead, 1 in coma”, in Focus Taiwan, archived from the original on 2022-08-14, Society:


Pingzhen

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 平鎮／平镇 (Píngzhèn).

On April 30, this construction site for a parking lot for a park in Taoyuan City's Pingzhen District suddenly collapsed.

2020 May 1, C. Chuang, “Worker Killed in Taoyuan Construction Accident [桃園文化公園停車場工程坍塌 1死2傷]”, in Public Television Service, archived from the original on 2023-08-21:

桃園文化公園停車場工程坍塌 1死2傷

The officers under investigation are from New Taipei City’s Banciao (板橋) and Shulin (樹林) districts, Taoyuan’s Pingjhen (平鎮) and Bade (八德) districts, and Hsinchu County’s Jhubei City (竹北), they said.

[2022 June 23, Jason Pan, “Police officers suspected of bribery scheme”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-22, Taiwan News, page 2:

As one of the oldest schools in Pingjhen District, Jong Jen Elementary School has undergone many changes：the founding of the school’s affiliated kindergarten in 1993；the renewal of school’s middle playground in 1990；and the construction of the immigration center in 2005； and the first prize of the sustainable campus in 2006.

[(Can we date this quote?), “History”, in Jong Jen Elementary School, archived from the original on 2023-03-05:


Luzhu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蘆竹 (Lúzhú).

The first batch of about 500 reservists yesterday reported to Shanjiao Elementary School in Taoyuan’s Lujhu District (蘆竹) to undergo a new, more intensive 14-day reservist training program.

[2022 March 6, Wu-hsiung Hsieh, Jake Chung, “Reservists take on tough new training program”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-03-05, Front Page, page 1:

After reporting to the Shanjiao Elementary School in Taoyuan's Lujhu District, the reservists began a 14-day program simulating a scenario of defending a beach near New Taipei City's Linkou District (林口) should a war break out, according to the Ministry of National Defense (MND).

[2022 March 7, “400 reservists report for Army's 'toughest' training program”, in Overseas Community Affairs Council, archived from the original on 2023-03-05:

A district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township.