アジア

From Chinese 亞細亞 /亚细亚 (Yàxìyà), in turn from Latin Asia. Pronunciation was probably influenced by Dutch Azië.


アフリカ

[a̠ɸɯ̟ɾʲika̠]


アメリカ

Amerigo Vespucci
Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:松村明

Borrowed from English America, from New Latin America, feminine form of Americus, a Latinization of the given name of Amerigo Vespucci (1451-1512), an Italian explorer.

アメリカ大陸

the Americas, specifically the continent

1999 September 16, Motohiro Katou, “ヤコブの階段 (Yakobu no Kaidan) [Jacob’s Ladder]”, in Q.E.D. 証明終了 (Kyū Ī Dī Shōmei Shūryō) [Q.E.D. (manga)], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 90:

Well, duh!! America is the "world police" after all!!

当たり前さ‼それが〝世界の警察〟たるアメリカの役目だろ‼

Atarimae sa‼ Sore ga〝sekai no keisatsu〟taru Amerika no yakume daro‼

当たり前さ‼それが〝世界の警察〟たるアメリカの役目だろ‼

United States of America
United States of America#English

America, United States of America (a country in North America)


イギリス

From Portuguese inglês (“English”, adjective). Compare English English (adjective), Mandarin 英吉利 (Yīngjílì, “England”).

グレートブリテン及び北アイルランド連合王国

Gurēto Buriten oyobi Kita Airurando Rengō Ōkoku

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

イギリス軍

イギリス陸軍

(loosely, chiefly attributive) Synonym of ブリテン (Buriten, “Britain”)

2001 March 10 [1998 December 16], Motohiro Katou, “ミネルヴァの梟(ふくろう) [Owl of Minerva]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], 9th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 102:

The king of hearts is Charles I of England

ハートのＫはイギリスのチャールズ一世

Hāto no kingu wa Igirisu no Chāruzu Issei

イングランド イングランド#Japanese

(loosely) Synonym of イングランド (Ingurando, “England”) (region of Great Britain)


ドラキュラ

[do̞ɾa̠kʲɨɾa̠]


アルゴス

[a̠ɾɯ̟ɡo̞sɨ]

ja:アルゴス (曖昧さ回避)


プロレス

[pɯ̟ɾo̞ɾe̞sɨ]

Clipping of プロフェッショナルレスリング (purofesshonaru resuringu, from English professional wrestling), プロレスリング (pro resuringu, from English pro wrestling)

professional wrestling
professional wrestling


メイン

メインイベント

(attributive, anglicism) the state of being the main thing


メイン

メイン州


メインページ

ウィクショナリーのメインページ

2003, Web jōhō no ākitekucha [Web information architecture], page 78:

The conversation between user and site typically begins with the site’s main page. To see how well that conversation is going, try looking at the main page and asking yourself, “Do the labels that stand out on this page make an impression? If so, how?”

ユーザーとサイトの会話は、普通サイトのメインページから始まります。その会話がどれだけうまくいくかを察知するには、サイトのメインページを見て自問してみてください。「このページで目立っているラベルは自分が見ても突出した印象を受けるのだろうか?、もしそうなら、それはなぜだろう?」

Yūzā to saito no kaiwa wa, futsū saito no mein pēji kara hajimarimasu. Sono kaiwa ga doredake umaku iku ka o satchi suru ni wa, saito no mein pēji o mite jimon shite mite kudasai. “Kono pēji de medatteiru raberu wa jibun ga mite mo tosshutsu shita inshō o ukeru no darō ka?, moshi sō nara, sore wa naze darō?”

2013, Shimizu Haruki, Android apuri kaihatsu [Android app development], page 312:

Fig. 1: Test app. From left: main page, first page, second page.

図１実験用アプリ。左からメインページ、第１のページ、第２のページ。

Zu ichi jikken yō apuri. Hidari kara mein pēji, dai-ichi no pēji, dai-ni no pēji.

2016, Maeda Gō, Nyūmon Redmine [Introduction to Redmine], 5th edition, page 260:

The main page is the starting page for the Wiki, the first page shown when you click the Wiki project menu.

メインページはWikiの起点となるページであり、プロジェクトメニューのWikiをクリックすると最初に表示されるページです。

Mein pēji wa Wiki no kiten to naru pēji deari, purojekuto menyū no Wiki o kurikku suru to saisho ni hyōji sareru pēji desu.


ページ

ja-noun

ページ • (pēji)


ドラゴン

[do̞ɾa̠ɡõ̞ɴ]

(especially fantasy) Western dragon (mythical creature)


ボール

ボール • (bōru)

(baseball) ball (pitch that falls outside the strike zone)


ボール

ボール • (bōru)

Short for ボール紙 (bōru-gami): non-corrugated cardboard, pasteboard

ボール紙

Short for 段ボール (danbōru): corrugated cardboard


パッド

ゲームパッド ゲームパッド#Japanese

Short for ゲームパッド (gēmupaddo, “gamepad”).


ハワイ

Hawaii, Hawaii County (a county of Hawaii, United States)


アセチレン

[a̠se̞t͡ɕiɾẽ̞ɴ]

アセチレン系炭化水素

系炭化水素 けいたんかすいそ


パン

→ Ainu: パン (pan)

→ Amis: epang

→ Bunun: paang

→ Hakka: 麭 /𮮆 (pháng)

→ Korean: 빵 (ppang)

→ Min Nan: 麭 /𮮆 (pháng)

→ Paiwan: pang

→ Rukai: pange

→ Saaroa: pangʉ

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-der.?
Latin panis
Old Galician-Portuguese pan
Portuguese pãobor.
Japanese パン
From Portuguese pão (“bread”), from Latin pānem, accusative singular form of pānis (“bread”). Compare French pain, Italian pane, Romanian pâine, Spanish pan.

etymon

bread, pastries, any baked good with a crust (a type of food)

食パン

pullman loaf, sandwich loaf, pain de mie, a loaf or a slice


パン

(cinematography) a pan shot (a film shot where the camera is turned horizontally)


パン

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán).


ベトナム

Borrowed from English Vietnam, from Vietnamese Việt Nam.


オタク

desc

→ Arabic: أُوتَاكُو (ʔūtākū)

→ Arabic: أُوتَاكُو (ʔūtākū)

→ Bengali: ওতাকু (ōtaku)

⇒ Chinese:

Mandarin: 御宅族 (yùzháizú)

⇒ Mandarin: 宅男 (zháinán)

⇒ Mandarin: 宅女 (zháinǚ)

→ English: otaku

→ German: Otaku

→ Greek: οτάκου (otákou)

→ Hebrew: אוֹטָאקוּ (otáku)

→ Italian: otaku

→ Korean: 오타쿠 (otaku), 오덕후 (odeokhu)

→ Marathi: ओताकु (otāku)

→ Persian: اتاکو (otâku)

→ Russian: ота́ку (otáku)

→ Spanish: otaku

→ Thai: โอะตะกุ (ò-dtà-gù)

From お宅 (otaku), the honorific version of 宅 (taku, “home”), referring to 1982–1983 Macross fans, or perhaps earlier; see Wikipedia discussion.

2002, 山田裕康 [Yamada Hiroyasu], LDの可能性を広げる, page 11:

しかし、多くの友達にとってはそんなことにはまったく興味はなく、「またかよ〜」と飽き飽きしているのですが、「電車の時刻表」、「ポットン便所」、「明智光秀」、「テレビ番組の細かすぎるオタク」と、どんな話題からもルド君はそちらに持って行ってしまうのです。

Shikashi, ōku no tomodachi ni totte wa sonna koto ni wa mattaku kyōmi wa naku,“mata ka yo~” to akiaki shiteiru no desu ga,“densha no jikokuhyō”,“potton benjo”,“Akechi Mitsuhide”,“terebi bangumi no komakasugiru otaku” to, donna wadai kara mo Rudo-kun wa sochira ni motte itte shimau no desu.

2004, Jim Albert, Jay Bennett, translated by 加藤貴昭 [Katō Yoshiaki], メジャーリーグの数理科学 (上) [Major league mathematical science (first part)], page 58:

Statisticians are after all liable to be thought of as number geeks and graph makers, but that is obviously a mistaken interpretation.

統計学者は所詮、数字オタクやグラフ作成者と思われがちだが、それは明らかに間違った解釈である。

Tōkeigakusha wa shosen, sūji otaku ya gurafu sakuseisha to omoware gachi da ga, sore wa akiraka ni machigatta kaishaku dearu.

And now in Japan as well tea houses have come to be enjoyed not by eccentric geeks but by stylish women.

今や日本でも茶芸館が、エキセントリックなオタクではなく、おしゃれな女性たちに楽しまれるようになった。

Ima ya Nihon de mo chageikan ga, ekisentorikku na otaku de wa naku, oshare na josei-tachi ni tanoshimareru yō ni natta.

(chiefly derogatory) geek, nerd, freak, no-lifer; one who is obsessed with something to the exclusion of such things as social interaction.

Otaku#Etymology
The Super Dimension Fortress Macross
ja:オタク


タバコ

タバコ (canonical)
たばこ (canonical)
tabako (romanization)

→ Early Modern Korean: 담파고 (tamphakwo)

→ Ainu: タンパク (tampaku)

ja:たばこ ja:タバコ

2008 April 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)二(に)百(ひゃく)二(に)訓(くん) タバコは一(ひと)箱(はこ)に一(いち)、二(に)本(ほん)馬(ば)糞(ふん)みたいな匂(にお)いのする奴(やつ)が入(はい)っている [Lesson 202: Only One or Two Cigarettes Left in a Whole Box Would Smell Like Horsecrap]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 23 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

Quiet, Delde!! A cigarette exists so that it can be smoked. An unsmoked cigarette is not a cigarette!!

黙らんかデルデ‼タバコというのは吸うために存在するのだ 吸えないタバコなどタバコではない‼

Damaran ka Derude‼ Tabako to iu no wa sū tame ni sonzai suru no da Suenai tabako nado tabako de wa nai‼

紙巻きタバコ 紙巻きタバコ#Japanese

Short for 紙巻きタバコ (kamimaki tabako, “cigarette”).


チューリップ

[t͡ɕɨːɾʲip̚pɯ̟]

Borrowed from English tulip, from French tulipe.


オーストラリア

[o̞ːsɨ̥to̞ɾa̠ɾʲia̠]

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)

濠太剌利

濠太剌利 オーストラリア


シドニー

ja:シドニー (曖昧さ回避)

Sydney (a major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia)


ウ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 宇, taken from the top part of the character.

ja-kana-mannyogana-etym

The katakana syllable ウ (u). Its equivalent in hiragana is う (u). It is the third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ア行ウ段 (a-gyō u-dan, “row a, section u”).


インドネシア

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


ポケット

シャツのポケット


ポーク

ja-noun

ポーク • (pōku)


ローマ

ja-pos

ローマ • (Rōma)

From Italian Roma, possibly via Portuguese Roma.

ja:ローマ (曖昧さ回避)


ハーケンクロイツ

[ha̠ːkẽ̞ŋkɯ̟ɾo̞it͡sɨ]

Borrowed from German Hakenkreuz (“swastika”).


ハーケン

ja-noun

ハーケン • (hāken)


メス

(medicine) scalpel, lancet, medical knife

to take a decisive action to resolve the root cause of an issue


メス

Metz (a city in Lorraine, northeastern France)


サウンドエフェクト

[sa̠ɯ̟̃ndo̞ e̞ɸe̞kɯ̟̊to̞]


モンキーレンチ

[mõ̞ŋʲkʲiː ɾẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕi]


ゼロ

From English zero, or French zéro. The kanji spelling is ateji.

ライフがゼロ

コミュ力ゼロ

utterly incompetent at talking to people

(informal) Used to refer to something measurable being absent or missing.


モンキー

モンキー • (monkī)


スパナ

Synonym of レンチ (renchi, “wrench”); a spanner (hand tool for adjusting nuts and bolts)


ホラー

ホラー • (horā)

ホラー映画

2002 January 17, Yukiru Sugisaki, “STAGE(ステージ)３(さん) Vol.(ボリューム)５(ご)”, in [D](ディー)・[N](エヌ)・[ANGEL](エンジェル)・ [D.N.Angel], volume 6 (fiction), Tokyo: Kadokawa Shoten, →ISBN, page 10:

A movie!? They went to the Movie Area instead of the Attraction Area!? Oh no!! Is there a screening of that popular horror movie called One Hand now!?

映画ですってぇ⁉アトラクションエリアじゃなくてムービーエリアに行っちゃったの⁉大変‼もしかして 今 大人気の「片手」とかゆうホラームービー⁉

Eiga desuttē⁉ Atorakushon Eria ja nakute Mūbī Eria ni itchatta no⁉ Taihen‼ Moshikashite ima daininki no “Wan Hando” toka yū horā mūbī⁉

horror (as a genre or element of fiction)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:ホラー


アイスランド

Kore Yamazaki, “第3篇 The Balance distinguishes not between gold and lead. [Composition 3: The Balance distinguishes not between gold and lead.]”, in [魔法使いの嫁](The Ancient Magus Bride) [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 98:

Iceland, a volcanic island in the Arctic Ocean.

北極海に浮かぶ火山島アイスランド


ビール

ビール • (bīru)

→ Hakka: 啤露 (pi-lú)

desc

→ Hokkien: 米魯 /米鲁 (bì-lù / bì-luh / bih-luh)

→ Korean: 비르 (bireu)

→ Jeju: 비르 (bireu)

Borrowing from Dutch bier.
First cited to a text from 1724 with the kanji spelling 麦酒 (literally “barley liquor”).

日本麦酒

Beer
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ビール
ja:松村明


スペイン

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


フランス

[ɸɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃sɨ]

Either directly borrowed from French France, or indirectly from English France.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:フランス
ja:松村明


スケルタル

ja-adj

スケルタル • (sukerutaru) -na (adnominal スケルタルな (sukerutaru na), adverbial スケルタルに (sukerutaru ni))

sukerutaru (romanization)
スケルタルな (adnominal)
スケルタルに (adverbial)


ツヴァイハンダー

Borrowed from English Zweihänder, from English Zweihänder.


ウィクショナリー

[β̞ikɯ̟̊ɕo̞na̠ɾʲiː]


キリスト

1917, Luke 20:41, 大正改訳聖書 [Taishō Bible]:

And he said unto them, How say they that the Christ is David's son?

イエス彼らに言ひたまふ、如何なれば人々、キリストをダビデの子と言ふか。

Iesu karera ni iitamau, ika nareba hitobito, Kirisuto o Dabide no ko to iu ka.


モスクワ

[mo̞sɨ̥kɯ̟β̞a̠]

From Russian Москва́ (Moskvá). Doublet of モスコー (Mosukō).

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


アルデンテ

[a̠ɾɯ̟dẽ̞nte̞]

From Italian al dente (literally “to the tooth”).

bor

アルデンテのスパゲッティが好ましいです。

Arudente no supagetti ga konomashii desu.


クーデター

ja-noun

クーデター • (kūdetā)


ウィキ

ウィキペディア ウィキペディア#Japanese


タイ

タイ (canonical)
たい (canonical)
tai (romanization)

タイ(鯛)は、めでたいの"たい"につながることから、縁起のよいものと考えられています。

Tai (tai) wa, medetai no "tai" ni tsunagaru koto kara, engi no yoi mono to kangaerareteimasu.

Sea bream (tai) is considered good luck because tai is the ending of the word medetai (auspicious).


コンビニ

→ English: konbini

Clipping of コンビニエンスストア (konbiniensu sutoa), itself from American English convenience store.

convenience store (US); corner shop (UK); corner store (Canada, Australia)


ラッパー

ラッパー • (rappā)


バナナ

バナナ or バナヽ or ばなな • (banana) (counter 本)

バナナ (canonical)
バナヽ (canonical)
ばなな (canonical)
banana (romanization)
本 (counter)


キセノン

Sound shift from older クセノン (kusenon), itself a borrowing from German Xenon.
Listed in some references as a borrowing from English xenon. An English derivation would have been borrowed with the initial xe- rendered as ゼ (ze) or ジ (ji), whereas クセ (kuse) and キセ (kise) instead point to Dutch or German as the source language.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Xenon
ja:キセノン
ja:松村明


ニット

2020 May 21, “齋藤飛鳥の秘蔵グラビアに絶賛の声 圧倒的美しさの近距離カットに「彼女感すごい!」”, in ORICON NEWS [ORICON NEWS]:

Yakei ga kagayaku hoteru no heya de no katto de wa, akai nitto o matoi otona no utsukushisa o kanjisaseru egao o hirō shiteiru.

夜景が輝くホテルの部屋でのカットでは、赤いニットをまとい大人の美しさを感じさせる笑顔を披露している。

A shot taken in a nighttime hotel room with a glimmering night scenery backdrop shows her wrapped in red knitwear and with a smile that lets readers feel adult beauty.


カリウム

[ka̠ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from New Latin kalium by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1837 in his book 舎密開宗 (Seimi Kaisō, “Introduction to Chemistry”). Later influenced by German Kalium.


ハム

Daijisen
ja:ハム (曖昧さ回避)
ja:ハム (聖書)
ja:松村明


ベーコン

ベーコン • (bēkon)


アルファベット

[a̠ɾɯ̟ɸa̠be̞t̚to̞]

四角に当てはまるアルファベットを答えてください。

Shikaku ni atehamaru arufabetto o kotaete kudasai.

Answer with the letter that goes in the square.


レストラン

[ɾe̞sɨ̥to̞ɾã̠ɴ]

From French restaurant, possibly via English restaurant.

あのレストランは良い食事を出す。

1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “世(せ)界(かい)名(めい)作(さく)童(どう)話(わ)第(だい)４(よん)巻(かん) ヘンゼルとグレーテル [World’s Renowned Fairy Tales Book 4: Hänsel and Gretel]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 189:

If you open a restaurant, it’s gonna be very popular.

レストランをひらいたら、大流行だよ。

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:レストラン
ja:松村明

レストランハウス

a freestanding building, often in a park, used for receptions and dinners


カーマ

ja-pos

カーマ • (Kāma)

Kama, Indian god of love and sexual desire.


アニメ

→ English: anime

→ Malay: anime

→ Spanish: anime, ánime

→ Portuguese: anime, animé, animê

→ Russian: аниме (anime)

→ Hindi: ऐनिमे (ainime)

→ Burmese: အာနီမေ (anime)

→ Turkish: anime

Anime
Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors
ja:アニメ
ja:松村明

Clipping of アニメーション (animēshon), itself borrowed from English animation.
Not directly related to French animé (“animated”).

(animation, anime) anime, Japanese animation


ラッコ

ラッコ (canonical)
らっこ (canonical)
rakko (romanization)


アウトバーン

ja-noun

アウトバーン • (autobān)

高速道路

高速道路 こうそくどうろ


ギリシア

[ɡʲiɾʲiɕia̠]

1988 July 30 [1985 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “アン子(こ) 大(おお)いに怒(いか)る （赤(あか)毛(げ)のアン子(こ) 改(かい)題(だい)） [When Anko Really Gets Mad (originally titled Redheaded Anko)]”, in 宇宙船製造法 [How to Build a Spaceship] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 3), 6th edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 71:

Anko. As for the mysterious power you displayed…. It’s of a kind that has been running in your mother’s bloodline for generations since ancient times. Your ancestors seem to have come from Thessaly, Greece. They immigrated to Salem, America in the 18th century. That bloodline… basically it was…. A noted line of true witches.

アン子。きみがみせたふしぎな力はね…。きみのおかあさんの家系に、遠い昔から代だい受けつがれてきた血すじによるものだ。御先祖は、ギリシアのテッサリア地方の出らしい。18世紀にアメリカのサレムに移住している。この家系は、………つまりなんというか………。ゆいしょ正しい魔女の名門なんだよ。

Anko. Kimi ga miseta fushigi na chikara wa ne…. Kimi no okāsan no kakei ni, tōi mukashi kara daidai uketsugarete kita chisuji ni yoru mono da. Go-senzo wa, Girishia no Tessaria chihō no de rashii. Jūhasseiki ni Amerika no Saremu ni ijū shite iru. Kono kakei wa,………tsumari nan to iu ka………. Yuisho tadashii majo no meimon na n da yo.

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Alternative form of ギリシャ (Girisha): Greece (a country in Southeast Europe)


オメガ

From English omega, or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὦ μέγα (ô méga).

lbor

ja:Ω
ja:オメガ (曖昧さ回避)


コンピュータ

コンピューター コンピューター#Japanese


ザーザー

ja-pos

ザーザー • (zāzā)


ピアス

From English piercing, misinterpreted as a gerund of pierce.

ピアスをあける


ルビ

Coordinate term: 親文字


リアル

ja-adj

リアル • (riaru) -na (adnominal リアルな (riaru na), adverbial リアルに (riaru ni))

riaru (romanization)
リアルな (adnominal)
リアルに (adverbial)
リアルだろ (imperfective stem)
riaru daro (imperfective stem)
リアルで (continuative stem)
riaru de (continuative stem)
リアルだ (stem terminative)
riaru da (stem terminative)
リアルな (attributive stem)
riaru na (attributive stem)
リアルなら (hypothetical stem)
riaru nara (hypothetical stem)
リアルであれ (imperative stem)
riaru de are (imperative stem)
リアルではない (informal negative)
リアルじゃない (informal negative)
riaru de wa nai (informal negative)
riaru ja nai (informal negative)
リアルだった (informal past)
riaru datta (informal past)
リアルではなかった (informal negative past)
リアルじゃなかった (informal negative past)
riaru de wa nakatta (informal negative past)
riaru ja nakatta (informal negative past)
リアルです (formal)
riaru desu (formal)
リアルではありません (formal negative)
リアルじゃありません (formal negative)
riaru de wa arimasen (formal negative)
riaru ja arimasen (formal negative)
リアルでした (formal past)
riaru deshita (formal past)
リアルではありませんでした (formal negative past)
リアルじゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
riaru de wa arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
riaru ja arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
リアルで (conjunctive)
riaru de (conjunctive)
リアルなら（ば） (conditional)
riaru nara (ba) (conditional)
リアルだったら (conditional past)
riaru dattara (conditional past)
リアルだろう (volitional)
riaru darō (volitional)
リアルに (adverbial)
riaru ni (adverbial)
リアルさ (noun-from-adj)
riarusa (noun-from-adj)

ja-adj-infl

リアル

. で は ありません でした

. じゃ ありません でした

リアル店舗

2021 January 5, “Sapōto [Support]”, in SoftBank, archived from the original on 2021-01-05:

"Real card" is a SoftBank card made of plastic that can be applied for optionally.

「リアルカード」は、オプションでお申し込みできる、プラスチックでできたソフトバンクカードです。

“Riaru kādo” wa, opushon de omōshikomi dekiru, purasuchikku de dekita Sofutobanku kādo desu.


ハープーン

ja-noun

ハープーン • (hāpūn)


ヱ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 恵.

ja-kana-mannyogana-etym

(dated) The katakana syllable ヱ (e). Its equivalent in hiragana is ゑ (e). It is the forty-sixth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ワ行エ段 (wa-gyō e-dan, “row wa, section e”).


ア

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 阿, taken from the left part of the character.

The katakana syllable ア (a). Its equivalent in hiragana is あ (a). It is the first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ア行ア段 (a-gyō a-dan, “row a, section a”).


イ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 伊, taken from the left part of the character.

The katakana syllable イ (i). Its equivalent in hiragana is い (i). It is the second syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ア行イ段 (a-gyō i-dan, “row a, section i”).


エ

The katakana syllable エ (e). Its equivalent in hiragana is え (e). It is the fourth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ア行エ段 (a-gyō e-dan, “row a, section e”).


エ

(obsolete) The katakana syllable エ (ye). Its equivalent in hiragana is 𛀁 (ye).


オ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 於, taken from the left part of the character and the first and third strokes are combined into a line.

The katakana syllable オ (o). Its equivalent in hiragana is お (o). It is the fifth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ア行オ段 (a-gyō o-dan, “row a, section o”).


カ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 加, taken from the left part of the character. Cognate to hiragana か.

The katakana syllable カ (ka). Its equivalent in hiragana is か (ka). It is the sixth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is カ行ア段 (ka-gyō a-dan, “row ka, section a”).


キ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 幾.

The katakana syllable キ (ki). Its equivalent in hiragana is き (ki). It is the seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is カ行イ段 (ka-gyō i-dan, “row ka, section i”).


ク

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 久.

The katakana syllable ク (ku). Its equivalent in hiragana is く (ku). It is the eighth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is カ行ウ段 (ka-gyō u-dan, “row ka, section u”).


ケ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 介.

The katakana syllable ケ (ke). Its equivalent in hiragana is け (ke). It is the ninth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is カ行エ段 (ka-gyō e-dan, “row ka, section e”).


コ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 己.

The katakana syllable コ (ko). Its equivalent in hiragana is こ (ko). It is the tenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is カ行オ段 (ka-gyō o-dan, “row ka, section o”).


サ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 散.

The katakana syllable サ (sa). Its equivalent in hiragana is さ (sa). It is the eleventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is サ行ア段 (sa-gyō a-dan, “row sa, section a”).


ス

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 須.

The katakana syllable ス (su). Its equivalent in hiragana is す (su). It is the thirteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is サ行ウ段 (sa-gyō u-dan, “row sa, section u”).


セ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 世.

The katakana syllable セ (se). Its equivalent in hiragana is せ (se). It is the fourteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is サ行エ段 (sa-gyō e-dan, “row sa, section e”).


タ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 多.

The katakana syllable タ (ta). Its equivalent in hiragana is た (ta). It is the sixteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is タ行ア段 (ta-gyō a-dan, “row ta, section a”).


チ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 千.

The katakana syllable チ (chi). Its equivalent in hiragana is ち (chi). It is the seventeenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is タ行イ段 (ta-gyō i-dan, “row ta, section i”).


テ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 天.

The katakana syllable テ (te). Its equivalent in hiragana is て (te). It is the nineteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is タ行エ段 (ta-gyō e-dan, “row ta, section e”).


ト

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 止.

The katakana syllable ト (to). Its equivalent in hiragana is と (to). It is the twentieth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is タ行オ段 (ta-gyō o-dan, “row ta, section o”).


ナ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 奈.

The katakana syllable ナ (na). Its equivalent in hiragana is な (na). It is the twenty-first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ナ行ア段 (na-gyō a-dan, “row na, section a”).


ヌ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 奴.

The katakana syllable ヌ (nu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぬ (nu). It is the twenty-third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ナ行ウ段 (na-gyō u-dan, “row na, section u”).


ネ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 祢, taken from the left part of the character.

The katakana syllable ネ (ne). Its equivalent in hiragana is ね (ne). It is the twenty-fourth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ナ行エ段 (na-gyō e-dan, “row na, section e”).


ノ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 乃.

The katakana syllable ノ (no). Its equivalent in hiragana is の (no). It is the twenty-fifth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ナ行オ段 (na-gyō o-dan, “row na, section o”).


ハ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 八.

The katakana syllable ハ (ha). Its equivalent in hiragana is は (ha). It is the twenty-sixth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ハ行ア段 (ha-gyō a-dan, “row ha, section a”).


ヒ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 比.

The katakana syllable ヒ (hi). Its equivalent in hiragana is ひ (hi). It is the twenty-seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ハ行イ段 (ha-gyō i-dan, “row ha, section i”).


フ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 不.

The katakana syllable フ (fu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ふ (fu). It is the twenty-eighth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ハ行ウ段 (ha-gyō u-dan, “row ha, section u”).


ヘ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 部.

The katakana syllable ヘ (he). Its equivalent in hiragana is へ (he). It is the twenty-ninth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ハ行エ段 (ha-gyō e-dan, “row ha, section e”).


ホ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 保.

The katakana syllable ホ (ho). Its equivalent in hiragana is ほ (ho). It is the thirtieth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ハ行オ段 (ha-gyō o-dan, “row ha, section o”).


マ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 末.

The katakana syllable マ (ma). Its equivalent in hiragana is ま (ma). It is the thirty-first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is マ行ア段 (ma-gyō a-dan, “row ma, section a”).


ミ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 三.

The katakana syllable ミ (mi). Its equivalent in hiragana is み (mi). It is the thirty-second syllable in the gojūon order; its position is マ行イ段 (ma-gyō i-dan, “row ma, section i”).


ム

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 牟.

The katakana syllable ム (mu). Its equivalent in hiragana is む (mu). It is the thirty-third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is マ行ウ段 (ma-gyō u-dan, “row ma, section u”).


メ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 女.

The katakana syllable メ (me). Its equivalent in hiragana is め (me). It is the thirty-fourth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is マ行エ段 (ma-gyō e-dan, “row ma, section e”).


モ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 毛.

The katakana syllable モ (mo). Its equivalent in hiragana is も (mo). It is the thirty-fifth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is マ行オ段 (ma-gyō o-dan, “row ma, section o”).


ヤ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 也.

The katakana syllable ヤ (ya). Its equivalent in hiragana is や (ya). It is the thirty-sixth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ヤ行ア段 (ya-gyō a-dan, “row ya, section a”).


ユ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 由.

The katakana syllable ユ (yu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ゆ (yu). It is the thirty-seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ヤ行ウ段 (ya-gyō u-dan, “row ya, section u”).


ヨ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 與.

The katakana syllable ヨ (yo). Its equivalent in hiragana is よ (yo). It is the thirty-eighth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ヤ行オ段 (ya-gyō o-dan, “row ya, section o”).


ラ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 良.

The katakana syllable ラ (ra). Its equivalent in hiragana is ら (ra). It is the thirty-ninth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ラ行ア段 (ra-gyō a-dan, “row ra, section a”).


リ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 利.

The katakana syllable リ (ri). Its equivalent in hiragana is り (ri). It is the fortieth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ラ行イ段 (ra-gyō i-dan, “row ra, section i”).


ル

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 流.

The katakana syllable ル (ru). Its equivalent in hiragana is る (ru). It is the forty-first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ラ行ウ段 (ra-gyō u-dan, “row ra, section u”).


レ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 礼. Compare cognate hiragana れ (more cursive), and shinjitai kanji 礼 (similar but less radical).

The katakana syllable レ (re). Its equivalent in hiragana is れ (re). It is the forty-second syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ラ行エ段 (ra-gyō e-dan, “row ra, section e”).


ワ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 和.

The katakana syllable ワ (wa). Its equivalent in hiragana is わ (wa). It is the forty-fourth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ワ行ア段 (wa-gyō a-dan, “row wa, section a”).


ヰ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 井.

(dated) The katakana syllable ヰ (i). Its equivalent in hiragana is ゐ (i). It is the forty-fifth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ワ行イ段 (wa-gyō i-dan, “row wa, section i”).


ヴ

The katakana character ウ (u) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable ヴ (vu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ゔ (vu).


ヲ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 乎.

ja-kana-mannyogana-etym

The katakana syllable ヲ (wo). Its equivalent in hiragana is を (wo). It is the forty-seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ワ行オ段 (wa-gyō o-dan, “row wa, section o”).

(used as a particle) The katakana syllable ヲ (o). Its equivalent in hiragana is を (o). It is the forty-seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ワ行オ段 (wa-gyō o-dan, “row wa, section o”).


アイスクリーム

→ Hokkien: ăi-sīr-khu-lìn-mù

[a̠isɨ̥ kɯ̟ɾʲiːmɯ̟]

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:アイスクリーム
ja:松村明


アイロン

→ Amis: aylong

→ Rukai: ayrungu

→ Sakizaya: aylung

Borrowed from English iron. This form is partly a transliteration, compared to the pure transcription form アイアン (aian). Compare other examples of "pseudo-transcriptions", such as カーソル (kāsoru), オーストラリア (Ōsutoraria), マニア (mania), アナル (anaru), etc.

アイロンをかける

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:アイロン
ja:松村明


アクセサリー

[a̠kɯ̟̊se̞sa̠ɾʲiː]


アクセント

Japanese pitch accent
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:アクセント

京阪式アクセント

Kansai pitch accent, Kyoto-Osaka type accent

(linguistics) accent (regional pronunciation)


ウンウンヘキシウム

[ɯ̟̃ɰ̃ɯ̟̃ɰ̃he̞kʲi̥ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


アナウンサー

ja-noun

アナウンサー • (anaunsā)

[a̠na̠ɯ̟̃ɰ̃sa̠ː]

a media announcer, a TV or radio presenter

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:松村明


アパート

→ Hokkien: a-phá-tò

→ Korean: 아파트 (apateu)

Short for アパートメントハウス., borrowed from English apartment.

short for

Short for アパートメントハウス.


アルバイト

管理職だった男性は 50代でリストラに遭い、コンビニのアルバイトをするしかなかった。

Kanrishoku datta dansei wa gojū-dai de risutora ni ai, konbini no arubaito o suru shika nakatta.

He was part of management, but was laid off after (lit. "had a bad encounter with") a corporate restructuring when he was in his 50s, and had no other choice but to take a part-time job at a convenience store.

part-time job, especially for students (as opposed to one's main occupation when it is only part time)


アルバム

[a̠ɾɯ̟ba̠mɯ̟]


アレルギー

[a̠ɾe̞ɾɯ̟ɡʲiː]

Allergy
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:アレルギー
ja:松村明


アンケート

ja-noun

アンケート • (ankēto)

[ã̠ŋke̞ːto̞]

Borrowed from French enquête (“inquest”).


イコール

ja-noun

イコール • (ikōru)

Borrowed from English equal.
First cited to a text from 1901.


イメージ

イメージ • (imēji)

かきふらい, けいおん！第１話
で…でも ギターってすごくむずかしそうなイメージが…
De…Demo gitā tte sugoku muzukashisō na imēji ga…
B—But it seems like playing the guitar is really hard…

mental image, one's impression or the image that comes to mind


ハート

ハート • (hāto)

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ハート
ja:ハート (シンボル)
ja:松村明

2018, Y.O.G., KEN THE 390, TAKESHI UEDA (lyrics and music), “Beautiful Beast”, in Beautiful Beast, performed by DEVIL NO ID, track 1:

欲しいのはハートだけずっと狙っているから。

Hoshīnoha hātodake zutto neratteirukara.

(anatomy, cardiology) Synonym of 心臓 (shinzō, “heart”)

Synonym of 心 (kokoro, “heart”) (emotions or kindness)

心

The king of hearts is Charles I of England

ハートのＫはイギリスのチャールズ一世

Hāto no kingu wa Igirisu no Chāruzu Issei


インタビュー

インタビュー • (intabyū)


インタビュー

インタビューする (canonical)
intabyū suru (romanization)
インタビューし (stem)
インタビューした (past)
インタビューし
intabyū shi
インタビューする
intabyū suru
インタビューすれ
intabyū sure
インタビューせよ (imperative literary)
インタビューしろ (colloquial imperative)
intabyū seyo (imperative literary)
intabyū shiro (colloquial imperative)
インタビューされる (passive)
intabyū sareru (passive)
インタビューさせる (causative)
インタビューさす (causative)
intabyū saseru (causative)
intabyū sasu (causative)
インタビューできる (potential)
intabyū dekiru (potential)
インタビューしよう (volitional)
intabyū shiyō (volitional)
インタビューしない (negative)
intabyū shinai (negative)
インタビューせず (continuative negative)
intabyū sezu (continuative negative)
インタビューします (formal)
intabyū shimasu (formal)
インタビューした (perfective)
intabyū shita (perfective)
インタビューして (conjunctive)
intabyū shite (conjunctive)
インタビューすれば (conditional hypothetical)
intabyū sureba (conditional hypothetical)


インテリ

From Russian интеллиге́нция (intelligéncija).

bor

интеллиге́нция


ウイスキー

uisukī (romanization)
uwisukii (romanization)
ウヰスキー (historical katakana)

[ɯ̟isɨ̥kʲiː]


アイルランド

[a̠iɾɯ̟ɾã̠ndo̞]


スペシャル

ja-adj

スペシャル • (supesharu) -na (adnominal スペシャルな (supesharu na), adverbial スペシャルに (supesharu ni))

supesharu (romanization)
スペシャルな (adnominal)
スペシャルに (adverbial)
スペシャルだろ (imperfective stem)
supesharu daro (imperfective stem)
スペシャルで (continuative stem)
supesharu de (continuative stem)
スペシャルだ (stem terminative)
supesharu da (stem terminative)
スペシャルな (attributive stem)
supesharu na (attributive stem)
スペシャルなら (hypothetical stem)
supesharu nara (hypothetical stem)
スペシャルであれ (imperative stem)
supesharu de are (imperative stem)
スペシャルではない (informal negative)
スペシャルじゃない (informal negative)
supesharu de wa nai (informal negative)
supesharu ja nai (informal negative)
スペシャルだった (informal past)
supesharu datta (informal past)
スペシャルではなかった (informal negative past)
スペシャルじゃなかった (informal negative past)
supesharu de wa nakatta (informal negative past)
supesharu ja nakatta (informal negative past)
スペシャルです (formal)
supesharu desu (formal)
スペシャルではありません (formal negative)
スペシャルじゃありません (formal negative)
supesharu de wa arimasen (formal negative)
supesharu ja arimasen (formal negative)
スペシャルでした (formal past)
supesharu deshita (formal past)
スペシャルではありませんでした (formal negative past)
スペシャルじゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
supesharu de wa arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
supesharu ja arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
スペシャルで (conjunctive)
supesharu de (conjunctive)
スペシャルなら（ば） (conditional)
supesharu nara (ba) (conditional)
スペシャルだったら (conditional past)
supesharu dattara (conditional past)
スペシャルだろう (volitional)
supesharu darō (volitional)
スペシャルに (adverbial)
supesharu ni (adverbial)
スペシャルさ (noun-from-adj)
supesharusa (noun-from-adj)

ja-adj-infl

スペシャル

. で は ありません でした

. じゃ ありません でした

[sɨ̥pe̞ɕa̠ɾɯ̟]


スウェーデン

ja-pos

スウェーデン • (Suwēden)

[sɨβ̞e̞ːdẽ̞ɴ]

2015 March 6, Åsa Ekström, “自己紹介 [Self-Introduction]”, in 北欧女子オーサが見つけた日本の不思議 [Nordic Girl Åsa discovers the Mysteries of Japan] (北欧女子オーサ; 1) (fiction), Tokyo: Media Factory, page 2:

スウェーデンのストックホルム出身です

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:スウェーデン
ja:松村明


スリランカ

From English Sri Lanka, from Sinhalese ශ්රී ලංකා (śrī laṁkā).

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)

スリランカ民主社会主義共和国

Suri Ranka Minshu Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku


アース

アースする (canonical)
āsu suru (romanization)
アースし (stem)
アースした (past)
アースし
āsu shi
アースする
āsu suru
アースすれ
āsu sure
アースせよ (imperative literary)
アースしろ (colloquial imperative)
āsu seyo (imperative literary)
āsu shiro (colloquial imperative)
アースされる (passive)
āsu sareru (passive)
アースさせる (causative)
アースさす (causative)
āsu saseru (causative)
āsu sasu (causative)
アースできる (potential)
āsu dekiru (potential)
アースしよう (volitional)
āsu shiyō (volitional)
アースしない (negative)
āsu shinai (negative)
アースせず (continuative negative)
āsu sezu (continuative negative)
アースします (formal)
āsu shimasu (formal)
アースした (perfective)
āsu shita (perfective)
アースして (conjunctive)
āsu shite (conjunctive)
アースすれば (conditional hypothetical)
āsu sureba (conditional hypothetical)

From a transliteration of British English earth.

(electronics) to connect an electrical conductor to the ground


ヘリウム

[he̞ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from English helium, German Helium, from New Latin helium.

ヘリウム気球

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:ヘリウム
ja:松村明


リチウム

[ɾʲit͡ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from New Latin lithium by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1837 in his book 舎密開宗 (Seimi Kaisō, “Introduction to Chemistry”). Later influenced by German Lithium, English lithium.

Daijisen
Kōjien
Lithium
Shinmura Izuru
ja:リチウム
ja:松村明


ベリリウム

[be̞ɾʲiɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Beryllium
Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:ベリリウム
ja:松村明


ナトリウム

[na̠to̞ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from German Natrium, from New Latin natrium.


マグネシウム

[ma̠ɡɯ̟ne̞ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Named for the magnesium ore in talc found in the Magnesia region of Greece, as given by English chemist Davy in the first half of the 19th century


ハイキング

[ha̠ikʲĩŋɡɯ̟]


アルミニウム

[a̠ɾɯ̟mʲiɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from British English aluminium.


カルシウム

[ka̠ɾɯ̟ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]

From Dutch calcium or English calcium, from New Latin calcium.

calcium (chemical element of atomic number 20)


スカンジウム

[sɨ̥kã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑiɯ̟mɯ̟]


マンガン

From Dutch mangaan. Already used by Udagawa Yōan in Seimi Kaisō (1837).

ruby

􂀿以􂁀(イ)􂀿呂􂁀(ロ)􂀿波􂁀(ハ)

以(イ)呂(ロ)波(ハ)

􂀿麻􂁀(マ)􂀿倔􂁀(ク)􂀿涅􂁀(子)􂀿叟􂁀(シウ゚)􂀿母􂁀(ム)

麻(マ)倔(ク)涅(子)叟(シウ゚)母(ム)

􂀿滿􂁀(マン)􂀿瓦􂁀(ガ)􂀿紐􂁀(ニュ)􂀿母􂁀(ム)

滿(マン)瓦(ガ)紐(ニュ)母(ム)


クロム

クロム酸混液

potassium dichromate sulfuric acid solution


ニッケル

[ɲ̟ik̚ke̞ɾɯ̟]


コバルト

Cobalt
Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Udagawa Yōan
ja:コバルト
ja:松村明

Borrowed from Dutch kobalt. Already used by Udagawa Yōan in Seimi Kaisō (1837). Later influenced by German Kobalt, English cobalt.

􂀿以􂁀(イ)􂀿呂􂁀(ロ)􂀿波􂁀(ハ)

以(イ)呂(ロ)波(ハ)

􂀿箇􂁀(コ)􂀿拔􂁀(バ)􂀿爾􂁀(ル)􂀿丢􂁀(テュ)􂀿母􂁀(ム)

箇(コ)拔(バ)爾(ル)丢(テュ)母(ム)

􂀿格􂁀(コ)􂀿綸􂁀(リュム)􂀿彪􂁀(ビウ)􂀿母􂁀(ム)

格(コ)綸(リュム)彪(ビウ)母(ム)


ガリウム

[ɡa̠ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

From English gallium, from New Latin gallium.


クリプトン

[kɯ̟ɾʲipɯ̟̊tõ̞ɴ]


ゲルマニウム

[ɡe̞ɾɯ̟ma̠ɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]

From German Germanium, from New Latin germanium.


ルビジウム

[ɾɯ̟bʲiʑiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ストロンチウム

[sɨ̥to̞ɾõ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


イットリウム

[it̚to̞ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ジルコニウム

[d͡ʑiɾɯ̟ko̞ɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


モリブデン

[mo̞ɾʲibɯ̟dẽ̞ɴ]


テクネチウム

[te̞kɯ̟ne̞t͡ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ルテニウム

[ɾɯ̟te̞ɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


ロジウム

rojiumu (romanization)
rodiumu (romanization)
ロヂウム (historical katakana)

[ɾo̞ʑiɯ̟mɯ̟]


プラズマ

Borrowing from English plasma, French plasma, or German Plasma.

Synonym of 原形質 (genkei-shitsu, “protoplasm”)


パラジウム

ja-noun

パラジウム • (parajiumu) ^(←パラヂウム (paradiumu)?)

parajiumu (romanization)
paradiumu (romanization)
パラヂウム (historical katakana)

[pa̠ɾa̠ʑiɯ̟mɯ̟]


カドミウム

Borrowed from New Latin cadmium by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1837 in his book 舎密開宗 (Seimi Kaisō, “Introduction to Chemistry”).


インジウム

[ĩɲ̟d͡ʑiɯ̟mɯ̟]


アンチモン

[ã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕimõ̞ɴ]


セシウム

[se̞ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


バリウム

[ba̠ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from New Latin barium by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1837 in his book 舎密開宗 (Seimi Kaisō, “Introduction to Chemistry”).


ランタノイド

Internationalism; see English lanthanoid.

(inorganic chemistry) lanthanide; lanthanoid


セリウム

[se̞ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


プラセオジム

[pɯ̟ɾa̠se̞o̞ʑimɯ̟]


プロメチウム

[pɯ̟ɾo̞me̞t͡ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


サマリウム

[sa̠ma̠ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ユウロピウム

[jɯ̟ːɾo̞pʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ガドリニウム

[ɡa̠do̞ɾʲiɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


テルビウム

[te̞ɾɯ̟bʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ジスプロシウム

[d͡ʑisɨ̥pɯ̟ɾo̞ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ホルミウム

[ho̞ɾɯ̟mʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Daijirin Daijisen Holmium ja:ホルミウム ja:松村明


エルビウム

[e̞ɾɯ̟bʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


イッテルビウム

[it̚te̞ɾɯ̟bʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ルテチウム

[ɾɯ̟te̞t͡ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ツリウム

[t͡sɨɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


タンタル

[tã̠nta̠ɾɯ̟]


タングステン

[tã̠ŋɡɯ̟sɨ̥tẽ̞ɴ]


ハフニウム

[ha̠ɸɯ̟ɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


レニウム

[ɾe̞ɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


オスミウム

[o̞sɨmʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from New Latin osmium by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1837 in his book 舎密開宗 (Seimi Kaisō, “Introduction to Chemistry”).


イリジウム

イリジウム • (irijiumu) ^(←イリヂウム (iridiumu)?)

irijiumu (romanization)
iridiumu (romanization)
イリヂウム (historical katakana)

[iɾʲiʑiɯ̟mɯ̟]

Borrowed from New Latin iridium by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1837 in his book 舎密開宗 (Seimi Kaisō, “Introduction to Chemistry”).


タリウム

[ta̠ɾʲiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ビスマス

bisumasu (romanization)
ビスムス (alternative)


ポロニウム

[po̞ɾo̞ɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


アスタチン

[a̠sɨta̠t͡ɕĩɴ]


ベータ

ベータ • (bēta)

From English beta or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).


ヘルツ

[he̞ɾɯ̟t͡sɨ]


ファイバー

ja-noun

ファイバー • (faibā)

Japanese transliteration of English fiber or fibre


クォーク

クォーク • (kwōku)

a quark (an elementary subatomic particle which forms matter)


チャームクォーク

チャームクォーク • (chāmukwōku)


ナノメートル

Internationalism; see English nanometre.

A unit of measure equal to 10⁻⁹ m; (UK) nanometre, (US) nanometer.


メートル

[me̞ːto̞ɾɯ̟]

From French mètre. Doublet of メーター (mētā, “meter”, measuring instrument).


ミリメートル

Internationalism; see English millimetre.


マイクロメートル

Internationalism; see English micrometre.


ピコメートル

A unit of measure equal to 10⁻¹² m; (UK) picometre, (US) picometer.


フェムトメートル

Internationalism; see English femtometre.

A unit of measure equal to 10⁻¹⁵ m; (UK) femtometre, (US) femtometer.


キロメートル

[kʲiɾo̞me̞ːto̞ɾɯ̟]

Internationalism; see English kilometre.


タンジェント

[tã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑẽ̞nto̞]


ダーウィニズム

適者生存

適者生存 てきしゃせいぞん


カンチョー

ja-noun

カンチョー • (kanchō)

[kã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]

A slang adaptation of 浣腸 (kanchō, “enema”).

kancho: a prank often played in Japan by young school-aged children; it is performed by clasping the hands together so the index fingers are pointing out and attempting to insert them into someone's anal region when the victim is not looking


バーニング

ＭＰ３データをＣＤにバーニングすることはできますか。

Emupīsurī dēta o shīdī ni bāningu suru koto wa dekimasu ka.


ユーロ

ユーロ • (yūro)

euro (currency unit of the European Monetary Union)


ウィクショナリ

ウィクショナリー ウィクショナリー#Japanese


ピンク

(slang) someone leaning to the left politically, especially someone with communist interests


プルトニウム

[pɯ̟ɾɯ̟to̞ɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


フランシウム

[ɸɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃ɕiɯ̟mɯ̟]


ラジウム

[ɾa̠ʑiɯ̟mɯ̟]


イケメン

Chinese: 池面

From イケてる (iketeru, “cool”) and メンズ (menzu, “men”).


セクハラ

セクシャルハラスメント セクシャルハラスメント#Japanese

Clipping of セクシャルハラスメント (sekusharu harasumento, “sexual harassment”).


エレベーター

エレベーター • (erebētā)

Borrowed from American English elevator.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:エレベーター
ja:松村明


アクチニウム

[a̠kɯ̟̊t͡ɕiɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


マイケル

A transliteration of the English male given name Michael


ウィキペディア

上級国民についてのウィキペディア


ドイツ

→ English: Doitsu

→ Korean: 독일 (dogil)

Listed in some sources as deriving from Dutch Duits (“German”, adjective, noun). Listed in others as a corruption of German deutsch (“German”, adjective) or Deutsch (“German”, noun). Considering the history of cultural contact (and the final ツ rather than チ), the Dutch derivation is more likely.

lang

日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ

日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ

1996 February 25 [1995 August 9], Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第(だい)四(よん)十(じゅう)四(よん)幕(まく) 「心(しん)配(ぱい)無(む)用(よう)」 [Act 44: “Nothing to Worry About”]”, in るろうに剣(けん)心(しん) —明(めい)治(じ)剣(けん)客(かく)浪(ろ)漫(まん)譚(たん)— [Rurōni Kenshin: Ballad of a Meiji Swordsroamer], 3rd edition, volume 6 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, pages 95–96:

Germany is currently the leading nation in medicine, so I thought if he received treatment there, then maybe...

独逸は 今 世界で一番医学が進んだ国です そこで 治療に専念すればあるいは…と思いまして

Doitsu wa ima sekai de ichiban igaku ga susunda kuni desu Soko de chiryō ni sennen sureba arui wa…to omoimashite

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Encyclopedia Nipponica
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
Shogakukan
Tōkyō
ja:ドイツ
ja:松村明

ドイツ民主共和国

Doitsu Minshu Kyōwakoku, former East Germany

民主共和国 みんしゅきょうわこく

ドイツ連邦共和国

連邦共和国 れんぽうきょうわこく


フランスパン

[ɸɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃sɨ̥ pã̠ɴ]

Compound of フランス (Furansu, “France”) + パン (pan, “bread”).

compound

baguette, French bread, French stick (a variety of bread that is long and narrow in shape)

Daijirin Daijisen ja:NHK出版 ja:NHK放送文化研究所 ja:松村明


ショタコン

[ɕo̞ta̠kõ̞ɴ]

A shortened form of 正(しょう)太(た)郎(ろう)コンプレックス (Shōtarō konpurekkusu), derived from 金(かね)田(だ)正(しょう)太(た)郎(ろう) (Kaneda Shōtarō), the name of the protagonist of Tetsujin 28-go. Modeled after ロリコン (rorikon).

ja-r

正%太%郎 コンプレックス

^しょう%た%ろう コンプレックス

^かね%だ ^しょう%た%ろう

A sexual complex where an adult is attracted to an underage boy.


イクラ

→ Indonesian: ikura

Borrowed from Russian икра́ (ikrá, “fish eggs, caviar”).
First cited in Japanese in 1928. Appears to have displaced older 鮞 (hararago, “roe, particularly salmon roe”).
May have first been used as a caviar replacement by Russian soldiers during the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05). Introduced to the Japanese market in the mid-1920s at the start of the Shōwa era as a kind of カビア (kabia), the older form of modern キャビア (kyabia, “caviar”).

bor+

salmon roe, salmon eggs (generally refers to roe removed from the ovary)

Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Russo-Japanese War
Shōwa (1926–1989)


エリトリア

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea)


バス

(music) bass (the lower spectrum of sound of a singing voice or musical instrument)


エッチ

エッチ (canonical)
えっち (canonical)
etchi (romanization)

English-based initialism of 変態 (hentai, “sexual perversion”).


ニュース

ja-noun

ニュース • (nyūsu)

→ Korean: 뉴스 (nyuseu)

Borrowed from English news. The English word-final voiced sound /z/ is sometimes transcribed as if it was voiceless, as ス (su), rather than as ズ (zu), especially if it represents English -s (plural suffix). Compare ゼット (zetto, “zed”). Also compare Korean 스 (seu) which is used along with 즈 (jeu).

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ニュース
ja:松村明


タクシー

→ Hakka: 他庫西 /他库西 (thà-khu-sí)

→ Min Nan: tha-khú-sih

[ta̠kɯ̟̊ɕiː]


ラーメン

ラーメン or らーめん or らあめん • (rāmen)

ラーメン (canonical)
らーめん (canonical)
らあめん (canonical)
rāmen (romanization)

→ English: ramen

desctree

→ Korean: 라면 (ramyeon)
→ English: ramyeon

→ Russian: рамэн (ramɛn)

→ Tagalog: ramen

→ Thai: ราเม็ง (raa-meng)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Ramen
ja:ラーメン
ja:松村明

Borrowed from Mandarin 拉麵／拉面 (lāmiàn, literally “pulled noodles”).
First cited to a text from 1930.

zh-l

ramen, a type of Chinese-style noodle dish


ホテル

Borrowed from English hotel, from French hôtel.

最近ホテルが建てられた。

a hotel (establishment providing accommodation)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ホテル
ja:松村明


アンドル

A transliteration of the English male given name Andrew


プレゼント

Borrowed from English present.
First attested in 1900s.

親にプレゼントをあげる

プレゼント交換


サンドイッチ

a sandwich (snack consisting of two slices of bread)

サンド.”)

Short for サンドイッチ (sandoitchi,; sando, sandwich”


ゼ

The katakana character セ (se) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable ゼ (ze). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぜ (ze).


ゴ

The katakana character コ (ko) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ゴ (go). Its equivalent in hiragana is ご (go).


プロ

An abbreviation for some borrowed words from English.

プロフェッショナル プロフェッショナル

プロレタリア プロレタリア

プロレタリアート プロレタリアート

proletarian (プロレタリア, プロレタリアート)


アマ

アマ (canonical)
あま (canonical)
ama (romanization)

an on-the-spot maid who was hired in Japan or China by foreigners


アマ

Abbreviation of アマチュア (amachua, “amateur”).


アイスキャンディー

ja-noun

アイスキャンディー • (aisu kyandī)

ja:アイスキャンディー


エキス

Shortened from エキストラクト (ekisutorakuto), itself borrowed from Dutch extract or English extract.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:エキス
ja:松村明


エネルギー

[e̞ne̞ɾɯ̟ɡʲiː]

Borrowed from German Energie. First cited to 1895.

2004 September 8, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第(だい)29(にじゅうきゅう)話(わ) 相(あい)性(しょう)がいい [Chapter 29: We Can Really Get Along]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) [Armed Alchemy], volume 4, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 63:

Absorbing any amount of energy through the blade, then discharging it through the cord. That’s the special ability of my Armed Alchemy, the Sword Samurai X.

如何なる量のエネルギー刀身から吸収し下緒から放出する これが俺の武装錬金ソードサムライＸの特性

Ika naru ryō no enerugī tōshin kara kyūshū shi shitao kara hōshutsu suru Kore ga ore no Busō Renkin Sōdo Samurai Ekkusu no tokusei

エナジー

from [[w:English language|English]] [[energy#English|energy]]

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:エネルギー
ja:松村明


オートバイ

オートバイ • (ōtobai)

→ Amis: otofay, tofay

→ Atayal: tubay

→ Bunun: utubai

→ Kanakanabu: 'utupai

→ Kavalan: utubay

→ Korean: 오토바이 (otobai)

→ Marshallese: otobai

→ Paiwan: utubai

→ Puyuma: utubay

→ Rukai: utubay

→ Saisiyat: 'otobay

→ Taiwanese Hakka: 奧多拜 /奥多拜

desc

→ Taiwanese Hokkien: 歐兜邁 /欧兜迈 (o͘-tó͘-bái)

→ Taroko: otobay

→ Tsou: 'otovai

→ Yami: otobay

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:オートバイ
ja:松村明

Clipping of オートバイシクル (ōtobaishikuru), erroneously listed in some monolingual Japanese dictionaries as wasei eigo, but actually borrowed from English autobicycle, an early English term for motorcycle. See also autobike.
First cited to a text from 1918.


オープンカー

ja-noun

オープンカー • (ōpun kā)

[o̞ːpɯ̟ŋ ka̠ː]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from open + car, equivalent to オープン (ōpun) + カー (kā)


テーマ

ja-noun

テーマ • (tēma)

Borrowed from German Thema.
First cited in a text from 1910.


ポケットベル

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from pocket + bell, ポケット + ベル.


グ

The katakana character ク (ku) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable グ (gu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぐ (gu).


カオス

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos).

完全にカオス


ビタミン

bitamin (romanization)
ヸタミン (historical katakana)

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ビタミン
ja:松村明


ボタン

From Portuguese botão; compare English button.
First cited to 1651.


ケルン

From German Köln. Doublet of コロン (koron), コローニュ (Korōnyu), and コローニェ (Korōnye).

doublet

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


メルヘン

ja-adj

メルヘン • (meruhen) -na (adnominal メルヘンな (meruhen na), adverbial メルヘンに (meruhen ni))

meruhen (romanization)
メルヘンな (adnominal)
メルヘンに (adverbial)
メルヘンだろ (imperfective stem)
meruhen daro (imperfective stem)
メルヘンで (continuative stem)
meruhen de (continuative stem)
メルヘンだ (stem terminative)
meruhen da (stem terminative)
メルヘンな (attributive stem)
meruhen na (attributive stem)
メルヘンなら (hypothetical stem)
meruhen nara (hypothetical stem)
メルヘンであれ (imperative stem)
meruhen de are (imperative stem)
メルヘンではない (informal negative)
メルヘンじゃない (informal negative)
meruhen de wa nai (informal negative)
meruhen ja nai (informal negative)
メルヘンだった (informal past)
meruhen datta (informal past)
メルヘンではなかった (informal negative past)
メルヘンじゃなかった (informal negative past)
meruhen de wa nakatta (informal negative past)
meruhen ja nakatta (informal negative past)
メルヘンです (formal)
meruhen desu (formal)
メルヘンではありません (formal negative)
メルヘンじゃありません (formal negative)
meruhen de wa arimasen (formal negative)
meruhen ja arimasen (formal negative)
メルヘンでした (formal past)
meruhen deshita (formal past)
メルヘンではありませんでした (formal negative past)
メルヘンじゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
meruhen de wa arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
meruhen ja arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
メルヘンで (conjunctive)
meruhen de (conjunctive)
メルヘンなら（ば） (conditional)
meruhen nara (ba) (conditional)
メルヘンだったら (conditional past)
meruhen dattara (conditional past)
メルヘンだろう (volitional)
meruhen darō (volitional)
メルヘンに (adverbial)
meruhen ni (adverbial)
メルヘンさ (noun-from-adj)
meruhensa (noun-from-adj)

ja-adj-infl

メルヘン

. で は ありません でした

. じゃ ありません でした

[me̞ɾɯ̟hẽ̞ɴ]


ヶ

ヶ (canonical)
か (canonical)
ka (romanization)
か (alternative)
カ (alternative)
ヵ (alternative)
箇 (alternative)

An abbreviation for the kanji 箇 (ka), the counter for months, places or provisions.
Note that ヶ is a graphical abbreviation of the top of the character (𥫗, 竹), and is pronounced カ ka (or ガ ga), not as ケ ke. Compare simplified Chinese character 个.

三ヶ月

三ヶ国

箇: Counter for months, places or provisions of Classical Chinese origin.


インコ

インコ (canonical)
いんこ (canonical)
inko (romanization)


キャノン

Alternative form of カノン (kanon, “cannon”) (artillery piece)


ラジオ

rajio (romanization)
ラヂオ (historical katakana)

→ Hokkien: la-jí-o͘h

From English radio.
First cited to a text from 1924.

(slang, dated) broke, having no money; dining and dashing (punning off of 無線 (musen, “wireless”) with the sense of 無銭 (musen, “money-less”))


カップ

From English cup. Doublet (via Late Latin cuppa) of コップ (koppu), from Dutch kop and Portuguese copo.

Bカップ


ロンドン

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


パリ

(onomatopoeia) the sound of crackling, crinkling, or crunching


タオルケット

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism) abbreviated from towel and blanket.

a type of bed linen resembling a large beach towel and used in Japan to cover oneself in hot weather


チケット

チケットショップ

a discount shop which sells tickets, gift certificates, coupons, etc.


ゴキブリ

ゴキブリ (canonical)
ごきぶり (canonical)
gokiburi (romanization)
匹 (counter)

[ɡo̞kʲibɯ̟ɾʲi]

From 御器噛り (gokikaburi), a compound of 御器 (goki, “dish”) + 齧り (kaburi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 齧る (kaburu), “to bite, nibble”). This original form persisted up until the Meiji period.
Due to typographical errors, the か (ka) was omitted, while its original form still exists today in certain dialects. Variations of the word across dialects exist as well.
The "Sony fanboy" sense originates from "GK", an initialism of "Gate Keeper", a proxy server used by Sony and its various companies. Overzealous Sony fans were thus referred to as "GK-buri", or "GK-esque", which was ultimately corrupted into "gokiburi".

com

(slang, derogatory, video games) a Sony fanboy, Sony pony


タイムアタック

→ English: time attack (calque)

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from time + attack, equivalent to タイム (taimu) + アタック (atakku).

pseudo-loan

(cycling, motor racing, video games) a time trial; a race against the clock


トマト

→ Amis: tomato


アイヌ

→ English: Ainu

Borrowed from Ainu アイヌ (aynu, “person, human being”).

bor+

Ainu language
Ainu people
Ainu-ken
Daijirin
Daijisen
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shiraoi, Hokkaido
ja:アイヌ
ja:松村明


ワンワン

ワンワン (canonical)
わんわん (canonical)
wanwan (romanization)

[β̞ã̠ɰ̃β̞ã̠ɴ]

Onomatopoeia, reduplication of ワン (wan).

(onomatopoeia) the sound of a dog barking: bow-wow


メーメー

ja-pos

メーメー • (mēmē)


コケコッコー

コケコッコー or こけこっこー • (kokekokkō)

コケコッコー (canonical)
こけこっこー (canonical)
kokekokkō (romanization)

(onomatopoeia) cock-a-doodle-doo (the sound a rooster makes)


キーキー

キーキー • (kīkī)

(onomatopoeia) ook ook (the sound a monkey makes)


ウキー

(onomatopoeia) ook (the sound a monkey makes)


ガオー

roar (sound a big animal or a monster makes)


ガス

→ Min Nan: gá-suh

From English gas. The kanji spelling is ateji.


リットル

[ɾʲit̚to̞ɾɯ̟]


グラム

From French gramme or English gramme, gram.


ドア

一番線、ドアが閉まります。

The doors on platform 1 are closing. (rail announcement)


エスカレーター

ja-noun

エスカレーター • (esukarētā)

[e̞sɨ̥ka̠ɾe̞ːta̠ː]

Borrowed from English escalator.
First cited to a text from 1920.


ロープ

ロープ • (rōpu)


ネプツニウム

[ne̞pɯ̟̊t͡sɨɲ̟iɯ̟mɯ̟]


コンセント

→ Korean: 콘센트 (konsenteu)

[kõ̞ɰ̃sẽ̞nto̞]

Clipping of コンセントリックプラグ (konsentorikku puragu), wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from concentric + plug, used since the late Meiji period. Sometimes the source word is mistaken for the unrelated English consent, which would be transliterated the same way.

ja-r

コンセントリック プラグ


ド

The katakana character ト (to) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable ド (do). Its equivalent in hiragana is ど (do).


アボカド

From English avocado, from Spanish aguacate.


ピアノ

From Italian piano, possibly via English piano. Some sources derive this as a clipping of ピアノフォルテ (pianoforute, “pianoforte”), itself borrowed from Italian pianoforte.


ノード

ja-noun

ノード • (nōdo)


チャック

Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
Zipper
ja:線ファスナー

Derived from the chaku portion of the term 巾(きん)着(ちゃく) (kinchaku, “kinchaku”), possibly in reference to an early use of zippers in Japan as closures for kinchaku. Originally a trademark, sold in Japan under this trademark from around 1927.
First cited to 1946, but considering the history, likely in use a couple decades earlier.
See also 線ファスナー on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ʲᵃ
While unrelated to チャック (chakku) in reference to mechanical devices, both share an underlying sense of "fastening".

pedia

[t͡ɕa̠k̚kɯ̟]

チャックのスライダー

ファスナー

fasunā, general reference, may include other fasteners

線ファスナー

sen fasunā, more specifically, not including other fasteners


ファスナー

ja-noun

ファスナー • (fasunā)

(US) zipper (of jeans, or clothing, etc), (UK) zip fastener


ジッパー

ジッパー • (jippā)


パソコン

2002 March 9, Yumi Hotta with Obata, Takeshi, “第(だい)131(ひゃくさんじゅういち)局(きょく) 試(ため)される伊(い)角(すみ) [Game 131: Isumi’s Endeavor]”, in ヒカルの碁 [Hikaru’s Go], volume 16 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 67:

I like playing around on my PC. Do you like playing on PCs, Isumi?

オレはパソコンで勝手に遊んでるから 伊角君 パソコンは？

Ore wa pasokon de katte ni asonderu kara Isumi-kun pasokon wa?

パーソナルコンピューター パーソナルコンピューター#Japanese

大辞泉 w:ja:大辞泉

広辞苑 w:ja:広辞苑

(computing) Clipping of パーソナルコンピューター (pāsonaru konpyūtā, “personal computer”); a PC


ペンキ

From Dutch pek, ultimately from Latin pīx.

「ペンキ塗りたて」


ポ

The katakana character ホ (ho) with a handakuten (ﾟ (ﾟ)).

Kana-handakuten

The katakana syllable ポ (po). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぽ (po).


ボート

ja-noun

ボート • (bōto)


チョコレート

* (shortening) チョコ (choko)
Borrowed from English chocolate.


パ

The katakana character ハ (ha) with a handakuten (ﾟ (ﾟ)).

Kana-handakuten

The katakana syllable パ (pa). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぱ (pa).


ズボン

Borrowed from French jupon (“petticoat, underskirt”), from French jupe (“skirt”), from old Italian jupa, from Arabic جُبَّة (jubba, “long garment”). Doublet of 襦袢.
Note that the meaning has changed from “underskirt” to “trousers/pants”, and the second consonant has changed from /p/ to /b/, possibly influenced by native Japanese onomatopoeia ずぼん (zubon), describing the action of something sliding into place, as when one puts on or takes off trousers.

bor+

trousers (AUS, UK), pants (AUS, Canada, US), strides (AUS), generally refers specifically to men's pants.

鳶ズボン: → trousers with a wide flare that then gather again at the ankle

vaguely similar in appearance to cargo pants and commonly worn by construction worker in Japan


インターネット

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:インターネット


ミルク

Borrowed from English milk.
First cited in the 1870s.

私はミルクを飲む。

私はミルクを飲んでいた。

(commercially sold) milk, usually cow's milk


チェス

2000 July 7 [2000 May 17], Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya, “FILE(ファイル) 3(さん) 死(し)者(しゃ)のチェックメイト The Great Chess Player Akechi 〈問(もん)題(だい)編(へん)１(いち)〉 [File 3: Dead Man’s Checkmate: The Great Chess Player Akechi ‹Problem 1›]”, in 明智警視の優雅なる事件簿 [Superintendent Akechi Elegant Case Files], 3rd edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:

Both shōgi and chess originate from Indian chess! The core rules aren’t really so different!!

将棋もチェスも元は同じインド将棋からきてるんですよ！基本的なルールは変わりません‼

Shōgi mo chesu mo moto wa onaji Indo-shōgi kara kiterun desu yo! Kihonteki na rūru wa kawarimasen‼

chess (specifically Western chess as opposed to shōgi)

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:チェス
ja:松村明


コンピューター

ja-noun

コンピューター • (konpyūtā)

[kõ̞mpʲɨːta̠ː]


パンケーキ

ホットケーキ ホットケーキ#Japanese

Synonym of ホットケーキ (hottokēki, “hotcake”); a pancake


テレビ

→ Korean: 텔레비 (tellebi)

テレビ東京

1994 July 16, Isao Takahata, 平成狸合戦ぽんぽこ [Heisei Raccoon Dog War Ponpoko], spoken by the main narrator (Sandaimoku Kokontei Shinchō), Toho:

However, the installation of the TV has helped spread the unforeseen interests.

しかし、テレビの設置は思わぬ波紋を広げた。

Shikashi, terebi no setchi wa omowanu hamon o hirogeta.

1996 September 15, Mitsuru Adachi, “帰リ道その２ [The Way Home 2]”, in SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム) [SHORT PROGRAM], volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 260:

I’m not really panicking right now. Of course this is the first time I’ve been in this situation, but this sort of thing happens on telly and in comics all the time, and it’s called time travel or something.

ぼくは、別にあわててはいなかった。もちろん初めての経験だったけど、ＴＶやまんがではよく起きることだし、タイムスリップや、タイムトリップとかいう言葉も知っていた。

Boku wa, betsu ni awatete wa inakatta. Mochiron hajimete no keiken datta kedo, terebi ya manga de wa yoku okiru koto dashi, taimu surippu ya, taimu torippu to ka iu kotoba mo shitteita.

テレビジョン テレビジョン#Japanese

Clipping of テレビジョン (terebijon, “television”); a TV


ヨーロッパ

Yōroppa (romanization)
Eurotupa (romanization)
エウロツパ (historical katakana)

/europpa/ [jeuɾoppa] → /joːroppa/
From Portuguese Europa.
Some references source this from Dutch Europa; however, Dutch phonology makes this less likely, as the ⟨eu⟩ vowel combination has apparently been pronounced as the monophthongs /œː/ or /øː/ since the time of Middle Dutch. Meanwhile, in Portuguese, the ⟨eu⟩ vowel combination has been pronounced as the diphthong /ew/, a closer match for the borrowed Japanese pronunciation.
Although this term is a 外来語 (gairaigo, “word of non-native or non-Middle Chinese origin”), it was borrowed early enough to be subject to the sound change from /eu/ to /joː/ during Late Middle Japanese. Compare similar developments in English (/ɛu̯/ → /juː/; /jʊ/, /jɔː/, /jɜː/ before /r/) during the Great Vowel Shift, which yields the modern English pronunciation of Europe.
Alternatively, it is merely a historical kana orthography-induced spelling pronunciation; compare 要(えう) (yō), as well as アルコール (arukōru).
Doublet of エウローペー (Eurōpē, “Europa”).

Daijirin
Daijisen
Great Vowel Shift
Kōjien
Late Middle Japanese
Middle Dutch
Shinmura Izuru
historical kana orthography
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:ヨーロッパ
ja:松村明


キューバ

ja-pos

キューバ • (Kyūba)


バハマ

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


グリーンランド

[ɡɯ̟ɾʲĩːn̺ɾã̠ndo̞]

Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


キリバス

From English Kiribati, from Gilbertese Kiribati, from English Gilberts.

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


マルタ

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


ニューファンドランド

[ɲ̟ɨːɸã̠ndo̞ɾã̠ndo̞]

ja:ニューファンドランド


ニューファンドランド

[ɲ̟ɨːɸã̠ndo̞ɾã̠ndo̞]

ja:ニューファンドランド


シチリア

Sicily (The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)


ウィニペグ

Winnipeg, Lake Winnipeg (a large lake in Manitoba, Canada)


プ

The katakana character フ (fu) with a handakuten (ﾟ (ﾟ)).

Kana-handakuten

The katakana syllable プ (pu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぷ (pu).


マンション

Borrowed from English mansion. The term gained currency in the latter half of the 1950s, used to lend an air of luxury to high-density residential development projects.
Note that while English mansion most commonly means “large house”, it is also occasionally used to mean “luxurious apartment”, and this latter usage was borrowed into Japanese.


サンキュー

ja-pos

サンキュー or さんきゅう • (sankyū)

サンキュー (canonical)
さんきゅう (canonical)
sankyū (romanization)


ブルンジ

[bɯ̟ɾɯ̟̃ɲ̟d͡ʑi]


アルゼンチン

[a̠ɾɯ̟zẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕĩɴ]

Borrowed either from French Argentine, or from the first half of English Argentine Republic.
Early transcriptions of foreign words may have used ゼ (ze) for /(d)ʒe/ more often. Compare also different transcriptions of the word angel: エンゼル (enzeru) and エンジェル (enjeru); or ロサンゼルス (Rosanzerusu, “Los Angeles”).


イタリア

Ultimately borrowed from Italian Italia, likely via Portuguese Itália or Dutch Italië.


ロシア

Borrowing from Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).

1998 December 18 [1977 August 15], Fyodor Dostoyevsky with Tezuka, Osamu, 罪と罰 [Crime and Punishment], 10th edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 8:

This story takes place on the eve of a revolution, in the town of Petersburg where there is but decadence and poverty under the rule of the Russian monarchy...

この物語は革命前夜の帝政ロシアにおいて退廃と貧困にあけくれたぺテルブルグの町に起こった……

Kono monogatari wa kakumei zen'ya no teisei Roshia ni oite taihan to hinkon ni akekureta Peteruburugu no machi ni okotta……

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)

Daijirin
Kōjien
Russia
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ロシア


シンガポール

[ɕĩŋɡa̠po̞ːɾɯ̟]

From English Singapore, from Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”). Doublet of シンガプーラ (shingapūra).

compound

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


フィジー

ja-pos

フィジー • (Fijī)

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


フィリピン

[ɸʲiɾʲipʲĩɴ]

Likely from French Philippines, from Spanish Filipinas.

比島

比律賓諸島 (firipin shotō, “Philippine Islands”)


ブルネイ

[bɯ̟ɾɯ̟ne̞ː]


エジプト

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


ヌードル

[nɯ̟ːdo̞ɾɯ̟]


モンゴル

From Mongolian ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ (mongɣol), Монгол (Mongol).


ニュージーランド

ニュージーランド • (Nyū Jīrando)

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


トルクメニスタン

[to̞ɾɯ̟kɯ̟me̞ɲ̟isɨtã̠ɴ]

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


ポルトガル

[po̞ɾɯ̟to̞ɡa̠ɾɯ̟]


カザフスタン

[ka̠za̠ɸɯ̟sɨ̥tã̠ɴ]

Borrowed from Russian Казахста́н (Kazaxstán).

bor+

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


チリ

Borrowed from Portuguese Chile, ultimately from Quechua chili (“the end of the world”).


デ

The katakana character テ (te) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable デ (de). Its equivalent in hiragana is で (de).


ホルモン

[ho̞ɾɯ̟mõ̞ɴ]

Borrowed from German Hormon.
The sense “offal” originated from the names of some Taishō era cuisines that supposedly promote human health by "affecting hormones". Relation to the phrase "放(ほう)るもん (hōru mon, literally “things to throw away”)" is a folk etymology.


カタツムリ

カタツムリ (canonical)
かたつむり (canonical)
katatsumuri (romanization)


ダジャレ

ダジャレ (canonical)
だじゃれ (canonical)
dajare (romanization)


トンボ

(printing) register mark (marking used to indicate margins, positions for cropping, etc.)


フォアグラ

[ɸo̞a̠ɡɯ̟ɾa̠]

Borrowed from French foie gras (literally “fat liver”).


トラック

torakku (romanization)
toratuku (romanization)
トラツク (historical katakana)

From American English truck. Doublet of トロッコ (torokko).

トラック運転手


トラック

MIDI トラック


ダイヤモンド

2000 July 13, “ダイヤモンド・ドラゴン [Diamond Dragon]”, in Pharaoh’s Servant －ファラオのしもべ－, Konami:

A dragon made entirely of diamond. The sparkling light from its body can dazzle enemies.

全身がダイヤモンドでできたドラゴン。まばゆい光で敵の目をくらませる。

Zenshin ga daiyamondo de dekita doragon. Mabayui hikari de teki no me o kuramaseru.


オランダ

→ Korean: 화란 (Hwaran)

→ Okinawan: ウランダ (uranda)

→ Vietnamese: Hoà Lan

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:オランダ
ja:松村明

From Portuguese Holanda (“Holland”). Note that some sources give the erroneous Portuguese source spelling as Olanda (which is actually Italian), likely because the Portuguese h is silent. Compare Chinese 荷蘭 /荷兰 (Hélán) of the same meaning.

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)

2002 September 17, Motohiro Katou, “Saiyaku no Otoko [Bummer Guy]”, in Q.E.D. Shōmei Shūryō [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], volume 13 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 89:

Hold on! Is this really a Dutch ship? The flag on this ship isn’t the Dutch flag, is it!?

待てよ！これは本当にオランダの船か？船についてる旗 あれはオランダの国旗じゃないぞ‼

Mate yo! Kore wa hontō ni Oranda no fune ka? Fune ni tsuite ru hata are wa Oranda no kokki ja nai zo‼


イラク

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


イラン

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


プラチナ

Borrowed from either Dutch platina, or from Spanish platina.
Replaced by the term 白金 (hakkin) in science.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:松村明


カエサル

Kaesaru (romanization)
シーザー (alternative)


シーザー

ja-pos

シーザー • (Shīzā)


ケンタウルス

[kẽ̞nta̠ɯ̟ɾɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Latin centaurus, from Ancient Greek κένταυρος (kéntauros)

ケンタウロス ケンタウロス#Japanese

(Roman mythology) Alternative form of ケンタウロス (kentaurosu, “centaur”)


スクールバス

[sɨ̥kɯ̟ːɾɯ̟ ba̠sɨ]

Borrowed from English school bus.
First attested in 1961.

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:スクールバス


トラクター

[to̞ɾa̠kɯ̟̊ta̠ː]


クマノミ

クマノミ (canonical)
くまのみ (canonical)
kumanomi (romanization)

熊の実, 熊之実, 隈之魚, 隈魚: a Clark's anemonefish


アンコウ

ja-noun

アンコウ or あんこう • (ankō)

アンコウ (canonical)
あんこう (canonical)
ankō (romanization)


ゼリー

ゼリー • (zerī)


ベートーベン

ja-pos

ベートーベン • (Bētōben)

[be̞ːto̞ːbẽ̞ɴ]

ベートーヴェン ベートーヴェン#Japanese


モーツァルト

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer


クリスチャン

[kɯ̟ɾʲisɨt͡ɕã̠ɴ]


ゴスペル

[ɡo̞sɨ̥pe̞ɾɯ̟]

Church of England
Daijisen
Michael Buckworth Bailey
ja:松村明

Borrowed from English gospel.
First cited in 1867, in the first edition of the 万国新聞紙 (Bankoku Shinbun-shi, “All-Nations Newspaper”), published by Church of England missionary Michael Buckworth Bailey.
The gospel music sense arose sometime after 1966, the date when full term ゴスペルソング (gosuperu songu) is first attested.

the Gospels: all or any of the first four books of the New Testament, Matthew, Mark, Luke or John


ダイヤ

ja:ダイヤ
ja:ダイヤ (シンボル)

2001 March 10 [1998 December 16], Motohiro Katou, “ミネルヴァの梟(ふくろう) [Owl of Minerva]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], 9th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 103:

Therefore the king of diamonds at the crime scene represents Julius Caesar

そして現場にあったダイヤのＫ これはジュリアスシーザーを表しているのです

Soshite genba ni atta daiya no kingu kore wa Juriasu Shīzā o arawashiteiru no desu


アルゴリズム

[a̠ɾɯ̟ɡo̞ɾʲizɨmɯ̟]

Etymology tree
Arabic ال (al-)
Old Persian 𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐏁 (u-v-a-r-z-mi-i-š)
Classical Persian خْوَارَزْم (xwārazm)bor.
Arabic خَوَارِزْم (ḵawārizm)
Arabic ـِيّ (-iyy)
Arabic خَوَارِزْمِيّ (ḵawārizmiyy)
Arabic الخَوَارِزْمِيّ (al-ḵawārizmiyy)bor.
Medieval Latin algorismusbor.
Anglo-Norman algorismebor.
Middle English algorisme
English algorism
Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós)bor.
English arithmo-influ.
English algorithmbor.
Japanese アルゴリズム
Borrowed from English algorithm.


ソート

ja-noun

ソート • (sōto)


メニュー

メニュー • (menyū)

(metonymically) collectively, the dishes listed on a menu


プロキオン

[pɯ̟ɾo̞kʲiõ̞ɴ]


ツールバー

ツールバー • (tsūrubā)


ウィンドウ

ウィンドウ • (windō)

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(computing) a window, part of software's graphical user interface


カーソル

[ka̠ːso̞ɾɯ̟]

Borrowed from Latin cursor. Originally used to refer to the cursors found on slide rules and other measuring instruments; later expanded to include the digital sense of English cursor.


マウス

Computer mouse
Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Mouse
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:マウス
ja:松村明

Borrowed from German Maus, English mouse.


ディスプレイ

(computing) display (computer display, cathode ray tube or LCD...)


ポケモン

desc

→ Arabic: بوكيمون

→ Arabic: بوكيمون

→ Belarusian: Покемон (Pokjemon)

→ English: Pokémon

→ Greek: Πόκεμον (Pókemon)

→ Hebrew: פוקימון

→ Hebrew: פוקימון

→ Hindi: पोकेमोन (pokemon)

→ Korean: 포켓몬 (pokenmon)

→ Mandarin: 寶可夢 /宝可梦 (Bǎokèmèng)

→ Cantonese: 寶可夢 /宝可梦 (bou² ho² mung⁶)

→ Russian: Покемон (Pokemon)

→ Tamil: போகெமொன் (pōkemoṉ)

→ Thai: โปเกมอน

→ Thai: โปเกมอน

→ Telugu: పోకెమొన్ (pōkemon)

→ Urdu: پوکیمون (pokemon)

→ Ukrainian: Покемон (Pokemon)

ポケットモンスター ポケットモンスター#Japanese

Clipping of ポケットモンスター (Poketto Monsutā, “Pocket Monster”); a Pokémon


モンスター

[mõ̞ɰ̃sɨ̥ta̠ː]

1999 February 4, “ララ・ライウーン [Rara Rai-Oon]”, in Vol.1, Konami:

A cloud-shaped monster charged with electricity. It also pours hazardous acidic rain.

電気を帯びた雲形のモンスター。何でも溶かす危険な雨を降らせる。

Denki o obita kumogata no monsutā. Nandemo tokasu kiken na ame o furaseru.

2002 October 9, Kazuki Takahashi, “遊闘(バトル)261(にひゃくろくじゅういち) 憎(にく)しみの先(さき)へ‼ [Battle 261: Past Hatred!!]”, in 遊(ゆう)☆戯(ぎ)☆王(おう) [King of Games], volume 30 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

Yūgi! There are only two monsters on your field…

遊戯！貴様の場にはモンスターは二体…

Yūgi! Kisama no fīrudo ni wa monsutā wa nitai…

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:モンスター


ズッキーニ

[d͡zɨk̚ʲkʲiːɲ̟i]

Borrowed from American English zucchini, from Italian zucchini.


ピーマン

ja-noun

ピーマン • (pīman)

Bell pepper
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ピーマン

Borrowed from French piment (“chili pepper”).
First cited to 1961.


オクラ

オクラ (canonical)
おくら (canonical)
okura (romanization)

Borrowed from English okra. Sometimes mistaken as a native word.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus#Translingual

okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), used as vegetable


ジャム

jam; jelly; a sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar


ケーキ

ja-noun

ケーキ • (kēki)


ロリコン

→ English: lolicon

→ French: lolicon

→ Hebrew: לוליקון (lulikón)

→ Korean: 로리콘 (rorikon)

→ Mandarin: 蘿莉控 /萝莉控 (luólìkòng)

→ Russian: лолико́н (lolikón)

→ Ukrainian: лоліко́н (lolikón)

[ɾo̞ɾʲikõ̞ɴ]

Clipping of ロリータ・コンプレックス (“Lolita complex”), from the Vladimir Nabokov novel Lolita and English complex (not from English Lolita complex, which comes from the Japanese term). Compare ショタコン (“Shōtarō complex, attraction to young boys”), マザコン (“mother complex, Oedipus complex”).

clipping

ロリータ・コンプレックス

1991, Shōji Kitagawa, Satsujin Hyōron [Critique of Manslaughter], page 108:

ロリコンが性の問題であるからには、そこに何がしかの闘争性が見られなければならない。

Rorikon ga sei no mondai dearu kara ni wa, soko ni nanigashi ka no tōsō sei ga mirarenakerebanaranai.

Because lolicon is a sexual problem, we must look for some conflict of that nature.

(informal) lolicon
sexual attraction to young girls

2000 August 10, Yūma Andō with Asaki, Masashi, “BREAK(ブレイク).39(さんじゅうきゅう) 痛(つう)恨(こん)の国(くに)光(みつ)‥ [Break 39: When Kunimitsu Has Remorse...]”, in サイコメトラーEIJI(エイジ) [Psychometrer Eiji], volume 24 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:

チッ ロリコンが

チッ ロリコンが

one who is sexually attracted to young girls


オランウータン

[o̞ɾã̠ɰ̃ɯ̟ːtã̠ɴ]

From English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.


チンパンジー

[t͡ɕĩmpã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑiː]


マンドリル

[mã̠ndo̞ɾʲiɾɯ̟]


アイアイ

Borrowed from English aye-aye, from French aye-aye.


テナガザル

テナガザル (canonical)
てながざる (canonical)
tenagazaru (romanization)


ティラノサウルス

[tʲiɾa̠no̞sa̠ɯ̟ɾɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from New Latin Tyrannosaurus

lbor

1999 May 25, “ベビー・ティーレックス [Baby T-Rex]”, in BOOSTER 2, Konami:

A baby tyrannosaur who is pretty ferocious.

ティラノサウルスの子供。非常に凶暴な性格をしている。

Tiranosaurusu no kodomo. Hijō ni kyōbō na seikaku o shiteiru.


ステゴサウルス

Learned borrowing from New Latin Stegosaurus


ステゴサウルス

2002 September 30 [1996 September 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太(た)と銀(ぎん)河(が)超特急(エクスプレス) [Nobita and the Galaxy Express] (大長編ドラえもん; 16), 20th edition, volume 16 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 118:

Looks like stegosaurs are dimwits with tiny brains.

ステゴサウルスは脳が小さくてノロマだったらしいよ。

Sutegosaurusu wa nō ga chīsakute noroma datta rashii yo.


ヴェロキラプトル

Learned borrowing from New Latin Velociraptor


コブラ

Borrowed from English cobra, from Portuguese cobra.


ガラガラヘビ

ガラガラヘビ (canonical)
がらがらへび (canonical)
garagarahebi (romanization)

がらがら蛇 がらがら蛇#Japanese

ガラガラ蛇 ガラガラ蛇#Japanese


オオサンショウウオ

ja-noun

オオサンショウウオ or おおさんしょううお • (ōsanshōuo)

オオサンショウウオ (canonical)
おおさんしょううお (canonical)
ōsanshōuo (romanization)

Japanese giant salamander
Japanese giant salamander


ナマケモノ

ナマケモノ (canonical)
なまけもの (canonical)
namakemono (romanization)


ソーセージ

ソーセージ • (sōsēji)


ビーフ

ビーフ • (bīfu)


トルコ

Borrowed from Portuguese turco (“Turkish; Turk”, adjective; noun)

bor+

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:トルコ
ja:松村明


バングラデシュ

[bã̠ŋɡɯ̟ɾa̠de̞ɕɨ]


ブータン

ja-pos

ブータン • (Būtan)

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


カンボジア

カンボジア • (Kanbojia) ^(←カンボヂア (Kanbodia)?)

Kanbojia (romanization)
Kanbodia (romanization)
カンボヂア (historical katakana)

Borrowed from English Cambodia. Doublet of 南瓜.


モルディブ

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


ミクロネシア

Micronesia (a geographical region of Oceania)

Micronesia (A country consisting of about 2000 islands in Oceania)


ブドウ

ja-noun

ブドウ • (budō)


チェリー

チェリー • (cherī)

cherry (fruit) (mostly used for non-Japanese cherries)


パイナップル

→ Yami: pinapo


ウーパールーパー

ウーパールーパー • (ūpā rūpā)

[ɯ̟ːpa̠ː ɾɯ̟ːpa̠ː]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from wooper + looper, as a substitution for アホロートル (ahorōtoru, “axolotl”) which is a homophone with 阿呆老頭児 (aho rōtoru, literally “stupid old fart”).

pseudo-loan

アホロートル アホロートル#Japanese

(informal) Synonym of アホロートル (ahorōtoru, “axolotl”)


キツツキ

キツツキ (canonical)
きつつき (canonical)
kitsutsuki (romanization)


メール

ja-noun

メール • (mēru)


ハーブ

ハーブ • (hābu)


バジル

Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum basilicum#Translingual


アニス

Pimpinella anisum
Pimpinella anisum#Translingual


ブーケガルニ

bouquet garni (a mixture of herbs or dried herbs placed in a small bag)


バイオリン

[ba̠io̞ɾʲĩɴ]


ギター

ギター • (gitā)

→ Hakka: 吉他 (kí-tá)

→ Min Nan: 吉他 (gì-tà, gih-tah)

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (kĭthắrā)bor.
Aramaic קיתראbor.
Arabic قِيثَارَة (qīṯāra)bor.
Old Spanish guitarra
Spanish guitarrabor.
English guitarbor.
Japanese ギター
Borrowed from English guitar.

etymon

ギターを弾く

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ギター
ja:松村明


エレクトーン

(music) electone (a kind of electric piano)


トロンボーン

[to̞ɾõ̞mbõ̞ːɴ]

From English trombone, from Italian trombone.


フルート

[ɸɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːto̞]


サクソフォン

[sa̠kɯ̟̊so̞ɸõ̞ɴ]


バスーン

ja-noun

バスーン • (basūn)


タンバリン

[tã̠mba̠ɾʲĩɴ]

From English tambourine, from French tambourin.


コントラバス

contrabass; double bass; bass (musical instrument)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Double bass
ja:コントラバス
ja:松村明


ウクレレ

[ɯ̟kɯ̟ɾe̞ɾe̞]

Borrowed from American English ukulele, ultimately from Hawaiian ʻukulele.


マクロファージ

[ma̠kɯ̟ɾo̞ɸa̠ːʑi]

Internationalism; see English macrophage.


トイレ

Clipping of トイレット (toiretto), borrowed from English toilet.


ヌクレオチド

Internationalism; see English nucleotide.


ノウハウ

ノウハウ • (nōhau)


チーズケーキ

チーズケーキ • (chīzukēki)

Cheesecake Daijirin Daijisen ja:NHK出版 ja:NHK放送文化研究所 ja:チーズケーキ ja:松村明


クリスマスケーキ

Borrowed from English Christmas cake.
(unmarried woman): An allusion to the difficulty of selling Christmas cakes when the festive occasion has passed.


サンタクロース

[sã̠nta̠ kɯ̟ɾo̞ːsɨ]


クリスマスツリー

[kɯ̟ɾʲisɨma̠sɨ̥ t͡sɨɾʲiː]

Christmas tree (a tree used during the Christmas holiday season)


ジャスミン

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ジャスミン
ja:松村明

[d͡ʑa̠sɨmʲĩɴ]


ウィスキー

wisukī (romanization)
wisukii (romanization)
ヰスキー (historical katakana)

[β̞isɨ̥kʲiː]

ウイスキー ウイスキー#Japanese


シ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 之.

ja-kana-mannyogana-etym

The katakana syllable シ (shi). Its equivalent in hiragana is し (shi). It is the twelfth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is サ行イ段 (sa-gyō i-dan, “row sa, section i”).


ソ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 曽.

The katakana syllable ソ (so). Its equivalent in hiragana is そ (so). It is the fifteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is サ行オ段 (sa-gyō o-dan, “row sa, section o”).


ツ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 川.

The katakana syllable ツ (tsu). Its equivalent in hiragana is つ (tsu). It is the eighteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is タ行ウ段 (ta-gyō u-dan, “row ta, section u”).


ニ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 仁.

The katakana syllable ニ (ni). Its equivalent in hiragana is に (ni). It is the twenty-second syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ナ行イ段 (na-gyō i-dan, “row na, section i”).


ロ

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 呂.

The katakana syllable ロ (ro). Its equivalent in hiragana is ろ (ro). It is the forty-third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ラ行オ段 (ra-gyō o-dan, “row ra, section o”).


ン

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 尓.

The katakana syllable ン (n). Its equivalent in hiragana is ん (n). It is the forty-eighth syllable in the gojūon order.


シロアリ

シロアリ (canonical)
しろあり (canonical)
shiroari (romanization)


カプチーノ

Cappuccino
Daijirin
Daijisen
Suzuki Cappuccino
ja:カプチーノ
ja:スズキ・カプチーノ
ja:松村明

a Cappuccino (a Kei car model made by Suzuki during the years 1991-1998)


ヒラメ

ヒラメ (canonical)
ひらめ (canonical)
hirame (romanization)


アンチョビ

[ã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕo̞bʲi]

English anchovy, from Spanish anchova, from Ligurian anciôa, from Vulgar Latin *apiuva, from Latin aphyē (“small fry”), from Ancient Greek ἀφύη (aphúē).


コレラ

From Dutch cholera, English cholera or German Cholera

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:コレラ
ja:松村明


ヨセ

Specialization of 寄(よ)せ (yose, “coming together”, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 寄(よ)せる (yoseru)).

ja-r

(go) 寄せ: The drawing together of borders that occurs towards the end of the game.


ガチョウ

ja-noun

ガチョウ or がちょう • (gachō)

ガチョウ (canonical)
がちょう (canonical)
gachō (romanization)


サーズ

サーズ • (sāzu)

新型肺炎サーズ

severe acute respiratory syndrome
severe acute respiratory syndrome

(pathology) SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome.


バスケットボール

Basketball
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:バスケットボール
ja:松村明


ボ

The katakana character ホ (ho) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable ボ (bo). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぼ (bo).


カクテル

[ka̠kɯ̟̊te̞ɾɯ̟]


ッ

アッ！

サッカー

The sokuon: a small form of ツ (tsu). In romanization, this is represented by doubling the following consonant. The equivalent in hiragana is っ.


バター

ja-noun

バター • (batā)


ピクルス

Borrowed from English pickles (noun plural form).


パスタ

Borrowed from German Pasta, or more likely from the homophonous and more common spelling Paste (“salve, paste”).

(medicine) Clipping of パスタ剤 (pasuta-zai, “a fat- or oil-based medicinal salve, ointment, or balm”).

軟膏剤

used more commonly to refer to medicinal ointment in general


コンピュータサイエンス

ja-noun

コンピュータ サイエンス

コンピューター サイエンス

コンピュータサイエンス or コンピューターサイエンス • (konpyūta saiensu or konpyūtā saiensu)

コンピュータサイエンス (canonical)
コンピューターサイエンス (canonical)
konpyūta saiensu (romanization)
konpyūtā saiensu (romanization)

コンピューターサイエンス

[kõ̞mpʲɨːta̠sa̠iẽ̞ɰ̃sɨ]

[kõ̞mpʲɨːta̠ːsa̠iẽ̞ɰ̃sɨ]


コオロギ

コオロギ or こおろぎ • (kōrogi)

コオロギ (canonical)
こおろぎ (canonical)
kōrogi (romanization)


マンモス

1999 February 4, “マンモスの墓(はか)場(ば) [Mammoth Graveyard]”, in Vol.1, Konami:

A mammoth that guards the graves of its kind. It will mercilessly fend off grave robbers.

仲間のお墓を守るマンモス。墓荒らしを容赦なく攻撃。

Nakama no ohaka o mamoru manmosu. Hakārashi o yōshanaku kōgeki.

ja:マンモス (曖昧さ回避)


コート

コート • (kōto)


アイシャドー

アイシャドー • (aishadō)


リップスティック

[ɾʲip̚pɯ̟sɨ̥tʲik̚kɯ̟]

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:松村明


サイト

公式サイト


サイト

広辞苑 w:ja:広辞苑


アルジェリア

[a̠ɾɯ̟ʑe̞ɾʲia̠]


ホタテガイ

帆立貝: Yesso scallop (Mizuhopecten yessoensis)


トランプ

[to̞ɾã̠mpɯ̟]

トランプをする

トランプを配る

トランプを切る

トランプで勝つ

トランプで負ける

トランプを伏せる

(card games) (a pack or deck of) playing cards


トランプ

A transliteration of the English surname Trump


ハヤブサ

ハヤブサ (canonical)
はやぶさ (canonical)
hayabusa (romanization)

ハヤブサ on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ʲᵃ


クラウン

a crown (the headdress of the king or the queen)


ルビー

ルビー • (rubī)


テクニック

運転テク


ポリウレタン

[po̞ɾʲiɯ̟ɾe̞tã̠ɴ]

Daijirin Daijisen Polyurethane ja:ポリウレタン ja:松村明


コーヒー

コーヒー • (kōhī)

→ Palauan: kohi

Borrowing from Dutch koffie, also influenced by English coffee, ultimately from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa). Doublet of カフェ (kafe) and カフワ (kafuwa).

Coffee
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:コーヒー
ja:松村明


ベルリン

ja:ベルリン (曖昧さ回避)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)


ワシントン

Washington (a state of the United States)


オオカミ

オオカミ or おおかみ • (ōkami) ^(←おほかみ (ofokami)?)

オオカミ (canonical)
おおかみ (canonical)
ōkami (romanization)
ofokami (romanization)
おほかみ (hiragana historical)

opokami → oɸokami → owokami → ookami → oːkami. Literally "great god", from 大 (ō, “great”) and 神 (kami, “god”).

犲狼 [...] 説文云、狼、音郎、於保加美、和名二字、本草和名、犲皮、和名於保加美、雄略紀、豺狼二字同訓、貝原氏曰、狼、於保加美 [...]

938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 7, page 56:

犲狼: 兼名苑云狼一名犲音於説文云狼音即和名於保加美似犬而銃頭白頬者也爾雅注云獥音叫狼子也

circa 1177-1188, Iroha Jiruishō
狼（オホカミ）

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

狼（ヲヽカミ）


ブラジル

[bɯ̟ɾa̠ʑiɾɯ̟]

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


アフガニスタン

[a̠ɸɯ̟ɡa̠ɲ̟isɨtã̠ɴ]

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


アルバニア

[a̠ɾɯ̟ba̠ɲ̟ia̠]


アンドラ

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


ベラルーシ

[be̞ɾa̠ɾɯ̟ːɕi]

Internationalism. Either borrowed from Belarusian Белару́сь (Bjelarúsʹ) or from Russian Белару́сь (Belarúsʹ).


ベルギー

[be̞ɾɯ̟ɡʲiː]

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)

Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:ベルギー
ja:松村明


アンティグア・バーブーダ

ja-pos

アンティグア・バーブーダ • (Antigua Bābūda)

[ã̠ntʲiɡɯ̟a̠ ba̠ːbɯ̟ːda̠]

アンティグア (Antigua, “Antigua”) + バーブーダ (Bābūda, “Barbuda”), calque of English Antigua and Barbuda

ja-compound

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

Antigua and Barbuda (a country in the Caribbean)

ja:アンティグア・バーブーダ


アオテアロア

Aotearoa (the most widely known and accepted Māori name for New Zealand)


アルメニア

[a̠ɾɯ̟me̞ɲ̟ia̠]

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


バレエ

ja-noun

バレエ • (barē)


ルポ

ルポルタージュ ルポルタージュ#Japanese

Short for ルポルタージュ (ruporutāju, “reportage”).


ダンス

→ Hokkien: làng-suh


アゼルバイジャン

[a̠ze̞ɾɯ̟ba̠iʑã̠ɴ]

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


バルバドス

From Portuguese Barbados (literally “Bearded”).

bor

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


カリフラワー

[ka̠ɾʲiɸɯ̟ɾa̠β̞a̠ː]


キング

A transliteration of the English surname King


ビショップ

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:松村明


ルーク

ja-pos

ルーク • (Rūku)


サイコロ

サイコロ (canonical)
さいころ (canonical)
saikoro (romanization)


クイーン

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:クイーン
ja:クイーン (チェス)
ja:クイーン (トランプ)
ja:松村明

ja-noun

クイーン • (kuīn)

赤(あか)菱(びし)さんのカードは８(はち)とＪ(ジャック)のツーペア‥‥三(みつ)矢(や)さんはＡ(エース)のスリーカード 雲(くも)間(ま)さんはＱ(クイーン)のワンペア 緑川さんは役なし(ブタ)‥‥

2000 July 7 [2000 May 17], Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya, “FILE(ファイル) 1(いち) 殺(さつ)人(じん)ポーカー Unlucky Men in the Rain 〈問(もん)題(だい)編(へん)〉 [FILE 1: Murderous Poker: Unlucky Men in the Rain ‹Problem›]”, in 明智警視の優雅なる事件簿 [Superintendent Akechi Elegant Case Files], 3rd edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:

Akabishi-san’s hand would have a two pair, eights and jacks‥‥ Mitsuya-san’s a three of a kind, aces. Kumoma-san’s a one pair, queens. Midorikawa-san’s a high card‥‥

Akabishi-san no kādo wa hachi to jakku no tsū pea‥‥ Mitsuya-san wa ēsu no surī kādo Kumoma-san wa kuīn no wan pea Midorikawa-san wa buta‥‥


スペード

ja:スペード
ja:スペード (シンボル)

2001 March 10 [1998 December 16], Motohiro Katou, “ミネルヴァの梟(ふくろう) [Owl of Minerva]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], 9th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 102:

For example, the king of spades is King David of Israel

例えばスペードのＫはイスラエルのダビデ王

Tatoeba supēdo no kingu wa Isuraeru no Dabide-ō


クローバー

クローバー • (kurōbā)

[kɯ̟ɾo̞ːba̠ː]

Clover
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:シャジクソウ属

Borrowed from English clover.
First attested in Japanese in a text from 1907.


エース

ja:エース (トランプ)

(card games) an ace (card with a single spot)

(gambling) an ace (die face with a single spot)

(sports) an ace (best player on the team)

(tennis) an ace (point scored without the opponent hitting the ball)

(baseball) an ace (best pitcher on the team)


テニス

tennis (sport played by two or four players with strung racquets)


マグカップ

[ma̠ɡɯ̟ ka̠p̚pɯ̟]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from mug + cup


ホッチキス

Korean: 호치키스 (hochikiseu)

Borrowed from English Hotchkiss, after the E. H. Hotchkiss Company of Norwalk, Connecticut, U.S., an early and prominent manufacturer of staplers.
Various Japanese sources erroneously derive this from the surname of Benjamin B. Hotchkiss, inventor of a kind of machine gun. However, research by Jim Breen instead derives this from the surname of Eli Hubbell Hotchkiss.

a stapler (device which binds together paper)

Benjamin B. Hotchkiss
Daijirin
Jim Breen


プラグ

(electricity) plug (the edge-part of power cords)


ポーン

(onomatopoeia) pong, a soft electric sound, as in "pong, fasten your seat belts." (a soft-attention in air-flights)


ブ

The katakana character フ (fu) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable ブ (bu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぶ (bu).


ダ

The katakana character タ (ta) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ダ (da). Its equivalent in hiragana is だ (da).


ジ

The katakana character シ (shi) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ジ (ji). Its equivalent in hiragana is じ (ji).


ジュース

ja-noun

ジュース • (jūsu)

any soft drink or other non-alcoholic beverage


ライチ

Ultimately from Cantonese 荔枝 (lai6 zi1), probably via English lychee.


キーウィ

キーウィ • (kīwi)

ja:キーウィ
ja:キーウィ (鳥)


キーウィフルーツ

キーウィフルーツ • (kīwi furūtsu)

キウイフルーツ キウイフルーツ#Japanese

Alternative form of キウイフルーツ (kīwi furūtsu, “kiwi fruit”)


チェッカー

チェッカー • (chekkā)


マンゴー

マンゴー • (mangō)

Borrowed from English mango, from Portuguese manga, from Malay mangga, from Tamil மாங்காய் (māṅkāy) from மா (mā, “mango species”) + காய் (kāy, “unripe fruit”).
The kanji form 芒果 is phonetic ateji from Chinese 芒果 (mángguǒ).

der

Tamil மாங்காய் (māṅkāy)


バイバイ

From English bye-bye. Attested from at least the 1930s.

1968 [1962], Shōno Junzō, “Michi”, in Gendai Nihon bungaku taikei [Contemporary Japanese literature collection], page 184:

The clerk was asked to bring out the consolation money marking their separation, and with that they made a simple goodbye.

番頭に手切金を持って来させて、それであっさりバイバイであったそうです。

Bantō ni tekirekin o motte kosasete, sore de assari baibai de atta sō desu.


ピエロ

2000 January 27, “マーダーサーカス・ゾンビ [Murder Circus Zombie]”, in Vol.7, Konami:

A clown revived by dark forces. It will send you to your grave with its mad dance.

闇の力で生き返ったピエロ。フラフラとした踊りで死へといざなう。

Yami no chikara de ikikaetta piero. Furafura to shita odori de shi e to izanau.

Synonym of 道化師 (dōkeshi, “clown”) (performance artist working in a circus); Pierrot


テーブル

[te̞ːbɯ̟ɾɯ̟]


スープ

ja-noun

スープ • (sūpu)

私たちはスプーンでスープを飲む。


アジ

アジテーション アジテーション#Japanese


エステ

エステティックサロン エステティックサロン#Japanese

Clipping of エステティックサロン (esutetikku saron, “aesthetic salon”).


プリオン

狂牛病

狂牛病 きょうぎゅうびょう


ペスト

Albert Camus
Daijirin
Daijisen
La Peste
The Plague
ja:ペスト (小説)
ja:松村明

Borrowed from French peste, from the title of the 1947 novel La Peste by Albert Camus.

The Plague, original title La Peste, a novel by Albert Camus


ベリー

ベリー • (berī)


アルコール

→ Pohnpeian: ahrkohl

[a̠ɾɯ̟ko̞ːɾɯ̟]

Daijisen
Dokkyo University
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
historical kana orthography
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:松村明

/arukohoru/ → /arukoːru/
Borrowed from Dutch alcohol, initially borrowed and pronounced as アルコホル (arukohoru) with evidence of a phonetic kanji spelling as 亜(あ)爾(る)箇(こ)保(ほ)児(る) (arukohoru). The medial /h/ appears to have fallen out due to historical kana orthography-induced spelling pronunciation (ho→wo→o), in the manner of the evolution of 凍(こほ)る (kōru). Compare French alcool, Italian alcol, Portuguese álcool, where Romance languages also lost the medial /h/.

消毒用アルコール

rubbing alcohol; disinfecting-use alcohol


ビン

ビン (canonical)
びん (canonical)
bin (romanization)


スリッパ

a slipper (low shoe usually worn indoors)


シューズ

シューズ • (shūzu)


ピッチャー

ピッチャー • (pitchā)

[pʲi̥t̚t͡ɕa̠ː]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 投手 (tōshu, “pitcher”)


キャッチャー

キャッチャー • (kyatchā)

[kʲa̠t̚t͡ɕa̠ː]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 捕手 (hoshu, “catcher”)


ファースト

ファースト • (fāsuto)

[ɸa̠ːsɨto̞̊]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 一塁 (ichirui, “first base”)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 一塁手 (ichiruishu, “first baseman”)


セカンド

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 二塁 (nirui, “second base”)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 二塁手 (niruishu, “second baseman”)


ザ

The katakana character サ (sa) with a dakuten (゛).

Kana-dakuten

The katakana syllable ザ (za). Its equivalent in hiragana is ざ (za).


ガ

The katakana character カ (ka) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ガ (ga). Its equivalent in hiragana is が (ga).


ギ

The katakana character キ (ki) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ギ (gi). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぎ (gi).


ゲ

The katakana character ケ (ke) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ゲ (ge). Its equivalent in hiragana is げ (ge).


ズ

The katakana character ス (su) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ズ (zu). Its equivalent in hiragana is ず (zu).


ゾ

The katakana character ソ (so) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ゾ (zo). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぞ (zo).


ヂ

The katakana character チ (chi) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ヂ (ji). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぢ (ji).


ヅ

The katakana character ツ (tsu) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ヅ (zu). Its equivalent in hiragana is づ (zu).


バ

The katakana character ハ (ha) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable バ (ba). Its equivalent in hiragana is ば (ba).


ビ

The katakana character ヒ (hi) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ビ (bi). Its equivalent in hiragana is び (bi).


ベ

The katakana character ヘ (he) with a dakuten (゛).

The katakana syllable ベ (be). Its equivalent in hiragana is べ (be).


ピ

The katakana character ヒ (hi) with a handakuten (ﾟ (ﾟ)).

Kana-handakuten

The katakana syllable ピ (pi). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぴ (pi).


ペ

The katakana character ヘ (he) with a handakuten (ﾟ (ﾟ)).

The katakana syllable ペ (pe). Its equivalent in hiragana is ぺ (pe).


ソマリア

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


ベナン

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


ガラス

Borrowed from Dutch glas. Doublet of グラス.


グラス

グラスを飲み干す


フィンランド

[ɸʲĩn̺ɾã̠ndo̞]

2001 January 23, Masami Kurumada, “黄金(ゴールド)聖衣(クロス)の巻(まき) [Gold Cloths]”, in Saint(セイント)星(セイ)矢(ヤ) [Saint Seiya], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 106:

I’m back, Miss. The 7th Cloth has arrived from Finland.

お嬢さま ただいま フィンランドより７つめの聖衣がとどきました

Ojō-sama tadaima Finrando yori nanatsume no Kurosu ga todokimashita


カーテン

ja-noun

カーテン • (kāten)

→ Hokkien: kha-tián

a curtain (both literal, as in a window covering: “open the curtains to let in the light”, and figurative, as in a barrier: “the Iron Curtain”)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:松村明


サーベル

[sa̠ːbe̞ɾɯ̟]

Borrowed from Dutch sabel, from German Säbel, from Polish szabla, from Hungarian szablya.


イスラエル

[isɨɾa̠e̞ɾɯ̟]

ミカエル（Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌ）
ユダヤ教(きょう)・キリスト教(きょう)・イスラム教(きょう)の天(てん)使(し)の名(な)。旧(きゅう)約(やく)聖(せい)書(しょ)ではイスラエルの守(しゅ)護(ご)天(てん)使(し)とされ、新(しん)約(やく)聖(せい)書(しょ)ではサタンとの闘(たたか)いを指(し)揮(き)する
その役(やく)割(わり)から武(ぶ)装(そう)した青(せい)年(ねん)の姿(すがた)をとって描(ねが)かれることが多(おお)い

1996 June 15 [1995 October 10], Narita, Minako, “ＳＣＥＮＥ.１ ミカエルという名(な)の生(い)き物(もの) [SCENE.1 A Living Namesake of Archangel Michael]”, in ＮＡＴＵＲＡＬ(ナチュラル), 3rd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Hakusensha, →ISBN, page 100:

Michael
The name of an angel in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. He is regarded as the Guardian Angel of Israel as per the Old Testament, and he is said to have commanded the forces against Satan as per the New Testament
As such, he is commonly depicted as an armed young man

Mikaeru (Michael)
Yudaya-kyō, Kirisuto-kyō, Isuramu-kyō no tenshi no na. Kyūyaku Seisho de wa Isuraeru no Shugo Tenshi to sare, Shin’yaku Seisho de wa Satan to no tatakai o shikisuru
Sono yakuwari kara busōshita seinen no sugata o totte negakareru koto ga ōi


イングランド

[ĩŋɡɯ̟ɾã̠ndo̞]


ウェールズ

ja-pos

ウェールズ • (Wēruzu)

[β̞e̞ːɾɯ̟zɨ]

ja:ウェールズ (曖昧さ回避)


ウガンダ

From English Uganda, from Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


ウズベキスタン

[ɯ̟zɨbe̞kʲisɨtã̠ɴ]


グルジア

[ɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ʑia̠]

From Russian Гру́зия (Grúzija). Officially displaced by ジョージア in April 2015. Compare Korean 그루지야 (Geurujiya).

lang

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

lj

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

国名呼称の変更（グルジア）

ジョージア ジョージア#Japanese

(obsolete in formal contexts) Synonym of ジョージア: Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


スロヴァキア

スロバキア スロバキア#Japanese


スロヴェニア

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


チェコ

Clipping of チェコスロバキア (Chekosurobakia, “Czechoslovakia”), from English Czecho-. Compare Mandarin 捷克 (Jiékè), Korean 체코 (Cheko).

clipping

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


ネパール

[ne̞pa̠ːɾɯ̟]

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


ニコチン

[ɲ̟iko̞t͡ɕĩɴ]


ナース

ja-noun

ナース • (nāsu)

(medicine) nurse (a female trained to provide care for the sick)


ハーフ

ハーフ • (hāfu)

→ English: hafu


コマーシャル

[ko̞ma̠ːɕa̠ɾɯ̟]

commercial (advertisement played between TV programs)


ボウル

ボウル • (bōru)


ワクチン

[β̞a̠kɯ̟̊t͡ɕĩɴ]

ワクチンソフトウェア ワクチンソフトウェア#Japanese

(dated) Clipping of ワクチンソフトウェア (wakuchin sofutowea, “antivirus software”).


スペクトル

[sɨ̥pe̞kɯ̟̊to̞ɾɯ̟]

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:スペクトル
ja:松村明


グッジョブ

ja-adj

グッジョブ • (gujjobu) -na (adnominal グッジョブな (gujjobu na), adverbial グッジョブに (gujjobu ni))

gujjobu (romanization)
グッジョブな (adnominal)
グッジョブに (adverbial)
グッジョブだろ (imperfective stem)
gujjobu daro (imperfective stem)
グッジョブで (continuative stem)
gujjobu de (continuative stem)
グッジョブだ (stem terminative)
gujjobu da (stem terminative)
グッジョブな (attributive stem)
gujjobu na (attributive stem)
グッジョブなら (hypothetical stem)
gujjobu nara (hypothetical stem)
グッジョブであれ (imperative stem)
gujjobu de are (imperative stem)
グッジョブではない (informal negative)
グッジョブじゃない (informal negative)
gujjobu de wa nai (informal negative)
gujjobu ja nai (informal negative)
グッジョブだった (informal past)
gujjobu datta (informal past)
グッジョブではなかった (informal negative past)
グッジョブじゃなかった (informal negative past)
gujjobu de wa nakatta (informal negative past)
gujjobu ja nakatta (informal negative past)
グッジョブです (formal)
gujjobu desu (formal)
グッジョブではありません (formal negative)
グッジョブじゃありません (formal negative)
gujjobu de wa arimasen (formal negative)
gujjobu ja arimasen (formal negative)
グッジョブでした (formal past)
gujjobu deshita (formal past)
グッジョブではありませんでした (formal negative past)
グッジョブじゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
gujjobu de wa arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
gujjobu ja arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
グッジョブで (conjunctive)
gujjobu de (conjunctive)
グッジョブなら（ば） (conditional)
gujjobu nara (ba) (conditional)
グッジョブだったら (conditional past)
gujjobu dattara (conditional past)
グッジョブだろう (volitional)
gujjobu darō (volitional)
グッジョブに (adverbial)
gujjobu ni (adverbial)
グッジョブさ (noun-from-adj)
gujjobusa (noun-from-adj)

ja-adj-infl

グッジョブ

. で は ありません でした

. じゃ ありません でした

[ɡɯ̟d̚d͡ʑo̞bɯ̟]

グッジョブすぎる

(informal) having done a good job; done well


ラクロス

[ɾa̠kɯ̟ɾo̞sɨ]

From English lacrosse, LaCrosse, La Crosse, from Canadian French la crosse (literally “the stick”).

der

La Crosse (a river in the United States)


エチオピア

1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing]”, in カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第一章, page 280:

I have come back from the expedition to Ethiopia. Due to some circumstances, I have been through quite some tough times along the way.

エチオピア遠征の帰路 事情あって道中に難儀をしております

Echiopia ensei no kiro Wakeatte dōchū ni nangi o shite orimasu


ナウル

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


モンテネグロ

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


モザンビーク

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


ミャンマー

ja-pos

ミャンマー • (Myanmā)


ナイジェリア

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


パラオ

Ultimately from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)


ガーナ

ガーナ • (Gāna)


パレスチナ

Learned borrowing from Latin Palaestīna.

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:パレスチナ
ja:松村明


ハンガリー

[hã̠ŋɡa̠ɾʲiː]


ギニアビサウ

[ɡʲiɲ̟ia̠ bʲisa̠ɯ̟]

Guinea-Bissau (a country in West Africa)


ハーモニカ

→ Sakizaya: hamunika


アコーデオン

ja-noun

アコーデオン • (akōdeon)

[a̠ko̞ːde̞õ̞ɴ]

アコーディオン アコーディオン#Japanese

Alternative form of アコーディオン (“accordion”)


アコースティックギター

アコースティック ギター

アコースティックギター • (akōsutikku gitā)

[a̠ko̞ːsɨ̥tʲik̚kɯ̟ ɡʲita̠ː]

ja:アコースティックギター


グルタミン

[ɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ta̠mʲĩɴ]


アラニン

nonessential amino acid
nonessential amino acid#English

(biochemistry) alanine (a nonessential amino acid C₃H₇NO₂ found in most animal proteins)