寒著

/kũã⁵⁵ tioʔ²/

/kũã⁵⁵ tioʔ²/

(Hakka, Hokkien, pathology) to catch a cold


著著

(Hakka) completely correct; accurate; proper


著著

(Hakka, medicine) to infect or be infected by; to have an infection; to contract (a contagion)

(Hakka) to win (a prize in a lottery); to hit the jackpot


著著

(Hakka) to be stained with a sticky substance

(Hakka) to have an abnormal relationship between a man and a woman


唔鬆爽

/m¹¹ suŋ²⁴ soŋ³¹/

/m¹¹ suŋ²⁴ soŋ³¹/

(Hakka) uncomfortable; sick; unwell; ill


屙瀉粑

屙泻粑
屙瀉巴
屙瀉吧
痾瀉吧

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ si̯a⁵⁵ pa¹¹/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ si̯a⁵⁵ pa¹¹/


屙痢肚

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵⁵ tu³¹/

/o⁴⁴⁻³⁵ li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tu³¹/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵⁵ tu³¹/

/o⁴⁴⁻³⁵ li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tu³¹/

[Don't believe him/her,] (s)he is bullshitting!

屙厥痢肚！


耳背背仔

/ŋi³¹ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ŋi³¹ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ e²⁴/

/ŋi³¹ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ŋi³¹ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ pʰoi̯⁵⁵ e²⁴/


腦之背

/no³¹ t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ poi̯⁵⁵/

/no³¹ t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ poi̯⁵⁵/


偏著

(Hakka) to sprain (e.g. the ankle, wrist, etc.); to twist


鬚菇

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴/

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴/


發子

/pɔt̚¹ t͡sz̩³¹/

/pɔt̚¹ t͡sz̩³¹/

(Hakka) to experience nausea, vomiting or food cravings during pregnancy; to have morning sickness


發青暝

/pot̚² t͡sʰi̯aŋ²⁴ mi̯aŋ¹¹/

/pot̚² t͡sʰi̯aŋ²⁴ mi̯aŋ¹¹/


花花

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/faː⁵⁵ faː⁵⁵/

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ fa²⁴/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/faː⁵⁵ faː⁵⁵/

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ fa²⁴/


反躁

(Hakka) to be so exhilarated or restless such that one loses sleep


雞嫲皮

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹ pʰi¹¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹ pʰi¹¹/


寒毛菇

/hon¹¹ mo²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴/

/hon¹¹ mo²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴/


腳目珠

(Hakka) ankle (joint between foot and leg)


蛤蟆胲

(Hakka) chin; area around the neck and the chin


口瀾渣

/heu̯³¹ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sa²⁴/

/heu̯³¹ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sa²⁴/


翕著

(Hakka, medicine) to suffer from heatstroke or sunstroke


擎起來

(Hakka, medicine, of a disease) to break out; to manifest symptoms


唔自然

/m̩²¹ t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/

/m¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/

/m̩¹¹ t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/

/m̩²¹ t͡siː²² jiːn²¹/

/m¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/

/m̩¹¹ t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/

1888, T. L. Stedman, K. P. Lee, A Chinese and English Phrase Book In the Canton Dialect, New York: William R. Jenkins, page 105:

邊處覺得唔自然呢。

边处觉得唔自然呢。

1958, 李鐵, director, 橫刀奪愛 [The Love Thief], spoken by 施月影 (胡笳):

She's not feeling well. Have a seat first.

keoi⁵ m⁴ zi⁶ jin⁴ wo⁵, nei⁵ co⁵ haa⁵ sin¹.

佢唔自然喎，你坐下先。

佢唔自然㖞，你坐下先。


𢱤

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 送


腸流

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ li̯u¹¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ li̯u¹¹/


唔舒服

/m̩²¹ syː⁵⁵ fʊk̚²/

/m̩¹¹ su⁴⁴ fʊk̚⁵/

/m̩²¹ syː⁵⁵ fʊk̚²/

/m̩¹¹ su⁴⁴ fʊk̚⁵/

你边度唔舒服呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]
nei⁵ bin¹ dou⁶ m⁴ syu¹ fuk⁶ aa³? [Jyutping]

(Cantonese, Hakka) to feel unwell; to be ill


頂對

/tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/taŋ³¹ toɪ⁵³/

/tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/taŋ³¹ toɪ⁵³/


上姓

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ³³/

/soŋ⁵⁵ si̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ³³/

/soŋ⁵⁵ si̯aŋ⁵⁵/

(archaic or Hakka, honorific) surname of a person


間房

(Hakka) room (in a building or house) (Classifier: 隻／只; 個／个)


像係

/t͡sʰi̯oŋ⁵⁵ he⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰi̯oŋ⁵⁵ he⁵⁵/


怕係

(Hakka) maybe; perhaps; probably; might; may


吂曾

/maŋ¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/maŋ¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/


吂識

/maŋ¹¹ sɨt̚²/

/maŋ¹¹ sɨt̚²/


好搞

(Hakka) to be preoccupied with having fun; to only desire to have a good time


餳人

/si̯aŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/

/si̯aŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/

(Hakka) attractive; alluring; captivating


衫櫃

/saːm⁵⁵ kʷɐi̯²²/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʷɐi̯²²/

(Cantonese, Hakka) wardrobe (cupboard for storing clothes)


喊做

/hem²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so⁵⁵/

/ham⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡so⁵³/

/hem²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so⁵⁵/

/ham⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡so⁵³/

(dialectal Cantonese, Hakka, Xiang) to be called; to be known as


椰菜花

/jɛ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/jɛ³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/jɛː²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ faː⁵⁵/

/jiɛ²² tʰᵘɔi³³ fa³³/

/ia¹¹ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³ fa⁴⁴/

/jɛ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/jɛ³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/jɛː²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ faː⁵⁵/

/jiɛ²² tʰᵘɔi³³ fa³³/

/ia¹¹ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³ fa⁴⁴/

(chiefly Cantonese, Guangdong Hakka, Zhongshan Min) cauliflower


石壆

/sɛːk̚² pɔːk̚³/

/sɛːk̚² pɔːk̚³/

(Cantonese, Hakka) kerb; concrete margin along the road


洋泥

/iɔŋ³⁵ ˈn̠ʲi³⁵/

/i̯æn¹³ n̠ʲi¹³/

/iɔŋ³⁵ ˈn̠ʲi³⁵/

/i̯æn¹³ n̠ʲi¹³/

(Jianghuai Mandarin, Jiangxi Hakka, Gan, Xiang) cement


打落

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

(Hakka) to not attach importance to; to look down on; to think little of; to despise


暗晡夜

/am⁵⁵ pu²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯a⁵⁵/

/am⁵³ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/

/am⁵⁵ pu²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯a⁵⁵/

/am⁵³ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


變面

/piŋ³³ miŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ miŋ⁴²/

/pĩ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bin⁴¹/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁵³ bin²²/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴¹ bin³³/

/pĩ¹¹⁻⁵³ bin³³/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴² bin²²/

/pĩ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ miŋ¹¹/

/piŋ³³ miŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ miŋ⁴²/

/pĩ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bin⁴¹/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁵³ bin²²/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴¹ bin³³/

/pĩ¹¹⁻⁵³ bin³³/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴² bin²²/

/pĩ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ miŋ¹¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min, Hokkien, Teochew, Puxian Min) to suddenly turn hostile; to fall out with


薑嫲

/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/


笠嫲

/lie³²⁻²¹ ba¹¹/

/lie³²⁻²¹ ba¹¹/


腳眼

/kœːk̚³ ŋaːn¹³/

/kœːk̚³ ŋaːn¹³/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka, Pinghua) ankle


袖仔

/t͡ɕʰiu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/t͡ɕʰiu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/


唔怪得

/m̩²¹ kʷaːi̯³³ tɐk̚⁵/

/m̩²¹ kʷai³² tɐt̚⁴⁴/

/m̩²² kai³³ ak̚³³/

/m̩¹¹ kuaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tɛt̚¹/

/m̩²¹ kʷaːi̯³³ tɐk̚⁵/

/m̩²¹ kʷai³² tɐt̚⁴⁴/

/m̩²² kai³³ ak̚³³/

/m̩¹¹ kuaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tɛt̚¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka) no wonder; small wonder


棕索

/t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔk̚¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁵⁴ sɔ²⁴/

/t͡søyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɔʔ²⁴/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤʔ³²/

/t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔk̚¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁵⁴ sɔ²⁴/

/t͡søyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɔʔ²⁴/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤʔ³²/

(Hakka, Huizhou, Min, Pinghua) palm rope


捽仔

(Hakka) eraser (tool used to erase marks left by a pencil); rubber


暗袋仔

/am⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/am²¹⁻⁴¹ te³³ a⁴¹/

/am¹¹⁻⁵³ te³³ a⁵³/

/am⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/am²¹⁻⁴¹ te³³ a⁴¹/

/am¹¹⁻⁵³ te³³ a⁵³/

(Hakka, Taiwanese Hokkien) hidden pocket (on one's clothes)


有閒

/u²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ɛiŋ⁵³/

/u³³⁻²¹ iɪŋ²³/

/u²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ¹³/

/u²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/u²²⁻²¹ eŋ²⁴/

/u³³⁻¹¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/u²²⁻¹¹ ãi²⁴/

/u²²⁻¹² ãi²⁴/

/u³⁵⁻¹¹ õĩ⁵⁵/

/u³⁵⁻¹¹ ãĩ⁵⁵/

/u²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ɛiŋ⁵³/

/u³³⁻²¹ iɪŋ²³/

/u²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ¹³/

/u²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/u²²⁻²¹ eŋ²⁴/

/u³³⁻¹¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/u²²⁻¹¹ ãi²⁴/

/u²²⁻¹² ãi²⁴/

/u³⁵⁻¹¹ õĩ⁵⁵/

/u³⁵⁻¹¹ ãĩ⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Eastern Min, Southern Min) to have the time; to be available; to have extra free time


唔閒

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ õĩ⁵⁵/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ ãĩ⁵⁵/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ õĩ⁵⁵/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ ãĩ⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Teochew) to be busy; to have no free time


聽無

/tʰaŋ²⁴ mo¹¹/

/tʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mo¹¹/

/tʰia⁵³³⁻¹¹ po¹³/

/tʰĩã⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ po²⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² bo²⁴/

/tʰiã³³ bo²⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² bo¹³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ bo²⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ²³/

/tʰĩã³³⁻²³ bo⁵⁵/

/tʰaŋ²⁴ mo¹¹/

/tʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mo¹¹/

/tʰia⁵³³⁻¹¹ po¹³/

/tʰĩã⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ po²⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² bo²⁴/

/tʰiã³³ bo²⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² bo¹³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ bo²⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ²³/

/tʰĩã³³⁻²³ bo⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Hokkien, Teochew, Puxian Min) to not understand (when listening)


罌仔

/aŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/

/aŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/


瓶仔

/pʰiaŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/pan²⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/pʰiaŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/pan²⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

(Lichuan Gan, Hakka, Northern Min, Hokkien) bottle


花樽

/faː⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/fa³³ tun²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/hue³³⁻²³ t͡suŋ³³/

/faː⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/fa³³ tun²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/hue³³⁻²³ t͡suŋ³³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Pinghua, Teochew) vase (Classifier: 個／个 c)


當多

/toŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴/

/toŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴/


蒂頭

(Hakka) a stalk (peduncle or pedicel) of a flower, flower head, or fruit


頭日

/ˈtʰɛu²⁴ n̠ʲit̚⁵/

/tʰeu̯¹¹ ŋit̚²/

/ˈtʰɛu²⁴ n̠ʲit̚⁵/

/tʰeu̯¹¹ ŋit̚²/


頷頭

/ŋam³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋam⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰeu¹¹/

/ŋam³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋam⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰeu¹¹/

Compare Cantonese 岌頭／岌头 (ngap6 tau4-2, “to nod”).


搞頭王

/kau̯³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/kau̯³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) grown-up popular with children or leader of a group of children


枕頭布

/t͡sɨm³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ pu⁵⁵/

/t͡sɨm³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ pu⁵⁵/

(Hakka) towel used to cover a pillow; pillow cloth


枕頭袋

/t͡sɐm³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹ tɔːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɨm³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐm³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹ tɔːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɨm³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/


眠床頭

/min¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/miŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((t͡sʰ-))ʒouŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((tʰ-))nau⁵³/

/min¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

(Hakka, Eastern Min, Wenzhounese) head of a bed; bedhead


豆腐頭

/tʰeu̯⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/tʰeu̯⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵ tʰeu̯¹¹/


落下遮

/lok̚⁵ ha²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sa²⁴/

/lok̚⁵ ha²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sa²⁴/


冬下頭

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ha²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu¹¹/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ha²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu¹¹/


今這下

(Hakka) now; the present time; the present moment; the current time


一半下

(Hakka) sometimes; occasionally; now and then


淨俐

/t͡sʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵ li⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵ li⁵⁵/


摝人

/lʊk̚¹ ŋin¹¹/

/lʊk̚¹ ŋin¹¹/


陰人

/in⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/in⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/


飛機恤

féi¹ géi¹ sêd¹

/pue³³⁻²³ ki³³⁻²³ suk̚⁴/

/pue³³⁻²³ ki³³⁻²³ suk̚⁴/


費氣

/hui²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi²¹/

/hui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰi⁴¹/

/hui²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi²¹/

/hui¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰi¹¹/

/hui²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰi²¹/

/hui²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi²¹/

/hui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰi⁴¹/

/hui²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi²¹/

/hui¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰi¹¹/

/hui²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰi²¹/

(Hakka, Hokkien) time-consuming; troublesome; involving a hassle


契子

/kʰi̯e⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/kʰe⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/

/kʰi̯e⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/kʰe⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/


生趣

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯³³/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi⁵⁵/

/sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯³³/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi⁵⁵/

/sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵³/

2014, “幸福个氣味”performed by 謝宇威 [Hsieh Yu-Wei], 劉劭希 [Liu Shaoxi], 官靈芝 [Emily Kuan], 欒克勇 [Lemon Luan], 東東(湯運煥) [Dong], 邱廉欽 [Kim Chiu], 葉鈺渟 [Yeh Yu-ting], and JPM [JPM], 客家委員會 [Hakka Affairs Council]:

The flowers are pleasant, and so are books and relationships; life gets more interesting as we live it

fâ hiông sû hiông ngìn-chhìn hiông, ngìn-sên ye̍t ko ye̍t sên-chhi

花香書香人情香 人生越過越生趣

花香书香人情香 人生越过越生趣

(Hakka) interesting; absorbing; engaging; delightful


七娘生

/t͡sʰit̚² ŋi̯oŋ¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰit̚² ŋi̯oŋ¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

(Hakka) Qixi Festival, the Chinese Valentine's Day, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month


生理腳

(Hakka) skilled businessman; skilled merchant


有成時

/i̯u²⁴ saŋ¹¹ sɨ¹¹/

/i̯u²⁴ saŋ¹¹ sɨ¹¹/


成時

/saŋ¹¹ sɨ¹¹/

/saŋ¹¹ sɨ¹¹/

2014, 陳忠宏, 官靈芝 [Emily Kuan], “幸福个氣味”performed by 謝宇威 [Hsieh Yu-Wei], 劉劭希 [Liu Shaoxi], 官靈芝 [Emily Kuan], 欒克勇 [Lemon Luan], 東東(湯運煥) [Dong], 邱廉欽 [Kim Chiu], 葉鈺渟 [Yeh Yu-ting], and JPM:

Sometimes the sky is blue; sometimes it is gloomy. With friends, it is naturally relaxing.

sàng-sṳ̀ làm-thiên, sàng-sṳ̀ vû-yùn, phèn-yû cho-phân chhṳ-yèn khiâng-sûng

成時藍天 成時烏雲 朋友做伴自然輕鬆

成时蓝天 成时乌云 朋友做伴自然轻松


成下仔

/saŋ¹¹ ha⁵⁵ e³¹/

/saŋ¹¹ ha⁵⁵ e²⁴/

/saŋ¹¹ ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ (ʋ)e³¹/

/saŋ¹¹ ha⁵⁵ e³¹/

/saŋ¹¹ ha⁵⁵ e²⁴/

/saŋ¹¹ ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ (ʋ)e³¹/


成下

/ʃaŋ⁵⁵ ha³³/

/ʃaŋ⁵⁵ ha²⁴/

/ʃaŋ⁵⁵ ha³³/

/ʃaŋ⁵⁵ ha²⁴/


毋成人

唔成人
不成人
伓成人
毋成儂
不成儂

/m¹¹ saŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/

/m̩⁴¹⁻²² t͡siã²⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/m̩³³⁻¹¹ t͡siã²⁴⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/

/m̩²²⁻²¹ t͡siã²⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/m̩³³⁻²¹ t͡siã²³⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/m¹¹ saŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/

/m̩⁴¹⁻²² t͡siã²⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/m̩³³⁻¹¹ t͡siã²⁴⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/

/m̩²²⁻²¹ t͡siã²⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/m̩³³⁻²¹ t͡siã²³⁻³³ laŋ²³/

(Hakka, Hokkien) unpresentable; in no shape to be seen


孤老

/ku⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔu⁵³³⁻¹¹ lɒ⁴⁵³/

/kɔu⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lɒ³³²/

/ku⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔu⁵³³⁻¹¹ lɒ⁴⁵³/

/kɔu⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lɒ³³²/


老俗

(Hakka) old rules and regulations; convention; established custom or practice


老時

(Hakka) outmoded; old-fashioned; out-of-date


老伯姆

/lo²⁴⁻³³ pak⁵⁻² me⁵³/

/lo²⁴⁻³³ pak⁵⁻² me⁵³/


老貨仔

/lo²⁴⁻³³ fo¹¹ ə⁵⁵/

/lo²⁴⁻³³ fo¹¹ ə⁵⁵/


無老無大

(Hakka) to have no sense of who is senior and who is junior; to show no respect to elders


嗶嗶仔

/pi²⁴⁻¹¹ pi²⁴ e³¹/

/pi²⁴⁻¹¹ pi²⁴ e³¹/


嗙胲蛇

/pʰaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ koi̯²⁴ sa¹¹/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴ koɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sa¹¹/

/pʰaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ koi̯²⁴ sa¹¹/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴ koɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sa¹¹/


馬打寮

/maː³³ taː⁵⁵ liːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/maː¹³ taː⁵⁵ liːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ma³³⁻²³ ta³⁵⁻¹¹ liau⁵⁵/

/maː³³ taː⁵⁵ liːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/maː¹³ taː⁵⁵ liːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ma³³⁻²³ ta³⁵⁻¹¹ liau⁵⁵/

(Can we date this quote?), “見人講鬼話”performed by 張少林 [Chong Sau Lin]:

To report a crime, they enter a police station on their own, and they are not afraid of anything

報案自家入馬打寮 樣樣都唔怕

报案自家入马打寮 样样都唔怕

(Singapore Cantonese and Malaysian Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) police station


細人子

/ɕi³⁵ n̠ʲin² t͡sz̩¹/

/si⁴⁵ ʐən¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕi⁴⁵ ʐən¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕi³⁵ n̠ʲin² t͡sz̩¹/

/si⁴⁵ ʐən¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕi⁴⁵ ʐən¹³ t͡sz̩³/

(Gan, Xiang, dialectal Hakka) child; kid (person who has not yet reached adulthood)


細崽

/ˈɕi³⁵ t͡sai²¹³/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡saɪ³¹/

/ɕi⁴⁵ t͡sai̯⁴¹/

/ˈɕi³⁵ t͡sai²¹³/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡saɪ³¹/

/ɕi⁴⁵ t͡sai̯⁴¹/

(Hakka) alternative form of 細仔 /细仔 (“child; kid”)


蜂子

/fʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/


糖蜂

/tʰɔŋ³³ pʰɔŋ⁵⁴/

/tʰɔ²² pʰaŋ³⁵/

/tʰɔŋ³³ pʰɔŋ⁵⁴/

/tʰɔ²² pʰaŋ³⁵/

(Hakka, Northern Min, Datian Min, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, Central Min, Hepu Cantonese) bee; honeybee


鯉仔

/li⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/

/li⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/

Cyprinus carpio
Cyprinus carpio#Translingual

(Hakka, Northern Min) carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)


發風

/pɔt̚¹ fʊŋ⁴⁴/

/faʔ⁴⁴ foŋ⁵³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ xʊŋ³³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ xən³³/

/fä²² xɤŋ⁴⁴⁵/

/pɔt̚¹ fʊŋ⁴⁴/

/faʔ⁴⁴ foŋ⁵³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ xʊŋ³³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ xən³³/

/fä²² xɤŋ⁴⁴⁵/

儂看，開始發西風了

侬看，开始发西风了

(Hakka, Shanghainese, Xiang) to be windy; the wind blows


洗衫板

/sɐi̯³⁵ saːm⁵⁵ paːn³⁵/

/soi⁵²⁻³⁵ sã³³⁻²³ põĩ⁵²/

/soi⁵²⁻³⁵ sã³³⁻²³ paŋ⁵²/

/sɐi̯³⁵ saːm⁵⁵ paːn³⁵/

/soi⁵²⁻³⁵ sã³³⁻²³ põĩ⁵²/

/soi⁵²⁻³⁵ sã³³⁻²³ paŋ⁵²/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Leizhou Min, Hainanese) washboard


痧痱子

/sa̠³³ ɸe̞i̯⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/sa̠³³ ɸe̞i̯⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

(Xiang, dialectal Gan, Sandu Hakka, Waxiang, medicine) prickly heat; miliaria


牙㿸

/ŋa̠¹³ man²¹⁻¹¹/

/ŋa̠¹³ man²¹⁻¹¹/

(Pingxiang Gan, Jiangxi Hakka, Changsha Xiang) dental plaque


暗摸摸

/am⁵⁵ mo²⁴⁻¹¹ mo²⁴/

/am²¹⁻⁵³ bɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bɔŋ⁴⁴/

/am⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bɔŋ³³ bɔŋ³³/

/am⁵⁵ mo²⁴⁻¹¹ mo²⁴/

/am²¹⁻⁵³ bɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bɔŋ⁴⁴/

/am⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bɔŋ³³ bɔŋ³³/

(Hakka, Southern Min, ideophonic) pitch-black


抵錢

/tɐi̯³⁵ t͡sʰiːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/ti³¹ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/

/ti⁴¹ t͡si̯ẽ¹³/

/ti⁴¹ t͡ɕi̯ẽ¹³/

/tɐi̯³⁵ t͡sʰiːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/ti³¹ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/

/ti⁴¹ t͡si̯ẽ¹³/

/ti⁴¹ t͡ɕi̯ẽ¹³/

(Guangzhou Cantonese, Hakka, Xiang) valuable; costly


地理先生

/tʰi⁵⁵ li²⁴⁻¹¹ sin²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li³¹ ɕin⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃i³³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liŋ⁵⁵ nˡaŋ⁵⁵/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ si̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ ɕi̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/tʰi⁵⁵ li²⁴⁻¹¹ sin²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li³¹ ɕin⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃i³³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liŋ⁵⁵ nˡaŋ⁵⁵/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ si̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ ɕi̯ẽ³³ sən³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Eastern Min, Southern Pinghua, Xiang) fengshui master; geomancer


哪兜

/ŋaɪ⁵³ teu⁴⁴/

/ŋaɪ⁵³ teu⁴⁴/

(Hakka, in the plural, interrogative) which ones?


篩茶

/saɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/

/saɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/


篩酒

/saɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiu³¹/

/sai̯³³ t͡si̯əu̯⁴¹/

/sai̯³³ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹/

/saɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiu³¹/

/sai̯³³ t͡si̯əu̯⁴¹/

/sai̯³³ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹/

(Gan, Hakka, Xiang) to pour an alcoholic beverage


愛靚

/ɔːi̯³³ lɛːŋ³³/

/oi̯⁵⁵ t͡si̯aŋ²⁴/

/ɔːi̯³³ lɛːŋ³³/

/oi̯⁵⁵ t͡si̯aŋ²⁴/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to set store by one's appearance; to like to be well-groomed; to wish to appear beautiful


藠子

/t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

Allium chinense
Allium chinense#Translingual

(Hakka, Xiang) Chinese onion (Allium chinense)


麻糖

/mä³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ma²¹ tʰaŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/ma¹¹ tʰɒ̃¹¹/

/mä³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ma²¹ tʰaŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/ma¹¹ tʰɒ̃¹¹/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) candy


鷹婆

/im³⁵⁻³³ pɔ²²/

/im³⁵⁻³³ pɔ²²/

(Liancheng Hakka, Leizhou Min, Xiang) eagle


散學

/sän⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/saːn³³ hɔːk̚²/

/suã²¹⁻⁵³ oʔ¹²¹/

/suã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ oʔ²⁴/

/suã²¹⁻⁵³ oʔ⁴/

/suã²¹⁻⁴¹ ɤʔ⁴/

/suã¹¹⁻⁵³ oʔ⁴/

/sän⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/saːn³³ hɔːk̚²/

/suã²¹⁻⁵³ oʔ¹²¹/

/suã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ oʔ²⁴/

/suã²¹⁻⁵³ oʔ⁴/

/suã²¹⁻⁴¹ ɤʔ⁴/

/suã¹¹⁻⁵³ oʔ⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, Hakka, Hokkien, Xiang) to finish school for the day


山排

(Hakka) mountain slope; mountainside; hillside


對年

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/tui²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ¹³/

/tui²¹⁻⁴² ni²⁴/

/tui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ²⁴/

/tui²¹⁻⁴¹ nĩ²³/

/tui¹¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/

/tui²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/tui²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ¹³/

/tui²¹⁻⁴² ni²⁴/

/tui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ²⁴/

/tui²¹⁻⁴¹ nĩ²³/

/tui¹¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/

/tui²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/

(chiefly Hakka, Southern Min) first death anniversary; first year after one's death


對開

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/tɵy̯³³ hɔːi̯⁵⁵/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/tɵy̯³³ hɔːi̯⁵⁵/

(Hakka) to pay half the fee; to offer half the money


兩對門

(Hakka) house facing opposite (of two facing each other)


糟嫲

(Hakka) distiller's yeast; brewer's yeast; yeast for making alcoholic beverages


巴掌嫲

/pa⁵³ t͡ʃoŋ²⁴⁻³³ ma⁵⁵/

/pa⁵³ t͡ʃoŋ²⁴⁻³³ ma⁵⁵/


鞋㬹

/haːi̯²¹ t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/

/haɪ¹¹ t͡saŋ⁴⁴/

/haːi̯²¹ t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/

/haɪ¹¹ t͡saŋ⁴⁴/


拗蠻

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ män³⁵/

/au⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ban¹³/

/au⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ban²⁴/

/au⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ban²³/

/au⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ban²⁴/

/au⁴²⁻²⁴ ban²⁴/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ män³⁵/

/au⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ban¹³/

/au⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ban²⁴/

/au⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ban²³/

/au⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ban²⁴/

/au⁴²⁻²⁴ ban²⁴/


噩夜

/ŋok̚⁵ i̯a⁵⁵/

/ŋɔk̚⁵ ia⁵³/

/ŋok̚⁵ i̯a⁵⁵/

/ŋɔk̚⁵ ia⁵³/


噩琢

(Hakka, derogatory) incompetent; lacking ability


挺挺昂

/tʰen³¹ tʰen³¹ ŋoŋ²⁴/

/tʰen³¹ tʰen³¹ ŋoŋ²⁴/

(Hakka) to lie on one's back; to lie supine


抵暗

(Hakka) to block the light; to cover the light


暗冬冬

/am⁵⁵ tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tuŋ²⁴/

/am⁵³ tʊŋ⁴⁴ tʊŋ⁴⁴/

/am⁵⁵ tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tuŋ²⁴/

/am⁵³ tʊŋ⁴⁴ tʊŋ⁴⁴/


暗摸胥疏

/am⁵⁵ mo²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴⁻¹¹ so²⁴/

/am⁵⁵ mo²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴⁻¹¹ so²⁴/


暗窿

(Hakka) tunnel (underground or underwater passage)

巷道

usually dug for transport, drainage and ventilation


打暗摸

(Hakka) to feel a way forward in the dark; to grope around looking for a way forward in the dark


烏𪐞血

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ tu⁵⁵ hi̯et̚²/

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ tu⁵⁵ hi̯at̚²/

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ tu⁵⁵ hi̯et̚²/

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ tu⁵⁵ hi̯at̚²/

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(Hakka, traditional Chinese medicine) blood stasis; haematoma; thrombosis; blood clot; extravasated blood


烏𪐞紅

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ tu⁵⁵ fuŋ¹¹/

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ tu⁵⁵ fuŋ¹¹/


烏嘴筆

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡soi̯⁵⁵ pit̚²/

/vu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡soi̯⁵⁵ pit̚²/

(Hakka) Scaly-breasted munia (Lonchura punctulata)


天光暗晡

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ am⁵⁵ pu²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴ kuɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³ pu⁴⁴/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ am⁵⁵ pu²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴ kuɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³ pu⁴⁴/


暗晡時頭

/am⁵⁵ pu²⁴ sɨ¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/am¹¹ pu⁵³ ʃi⁵⁵ tʰeu⁵⁵/

/am⁵⁵ pu²⁴ sɨ¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/am¹¹ pu⁵³ ʃi⁵⁵ tʰeu⁵⁵/


透暗晡仔

/tʰeu̯⁵⁵ am⁵⁵ pu²⁴ e³¹/

/tʰeu̯⁵⁵ am⁵⁵ pu²⁴ e³¹/


安名仔

/on²⁴ mi̯aŋ¹¹ e³¹/

/on⁵³ miaŋ⁵⁵ ə⁵⁵/

/on²⁴ mi̯aŋ¹¹ e³¹/

/on⁵³ miaŋ⁵⁵ ə⁵⁵/

(Hakka) to name; to give a name or title to


隘勇

/ai̯⁵⁵ i̯uŋ³¹/

/ai̯⁵⁵ i̯uŋ³¹/

(Hakka) able-bodied man guarding a mountain pass


硬愛

/ŋaŋ⁵⁵ oi̯⁵⁵/

/ŋe³⁵⁻¹¹ ãĩ²¹³/

/ŋaŋ⁵⁵ oi̯⁵⁵/

/ŋe³⁵⁻¹¹ ãĩ²¹³/

(Hakka, Teochew) to insist on (doing something despite the wishes of someone else)


艾菜

/ŋi̯e⁵⁵ t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/

/ŋie²¹³⁻⁵³ ^((t͡s-))ʒɑi²¹³/

/hiã⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰai⁴¹/

/ŋi̯e⁵⁵ t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/

/ŋie²¹³⁻⁵³ ^((t͡s-))ʒɑi²¹³/

/hiã⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰai⁴¹/

garland chrysanthemum
garland chrysanthemum

Glebionis coronaria
Glebionis coronaria#Translingual

(Hakka, Eastern Min, Jinjiang Hokkien) garland chrysanthemum; crown daisy (Glebionis coronaria)


艾粄

/ne⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pan³¹/

/ne⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pan³¹/

(Hakka) a kind of cake made with Chinese mugwort and rice


矮古董

/ai̯³¹ ku³¹ tuŋ³¹/

/ai̯³¹ ku³¹ tuŋ³¹/

(Hakka, derogatory) short person; small person


挨生挨死

/ŋaːi̯²¹ saːŋ⁵⁵ ŋaːi̯²¹ sei̯³⁵/

/ai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ai̯²⁴ si³¹/

/ŋaːi̯²¹ saːŋ⁵⁵ ŋaːi̯²¹ sei̯³⁵/

/ai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ai̯²⁴ si³¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to drag out an ignoble existence; to endure hardships; to live a hard life and work very hard


奶哀

/nɛn⁵³ oɪ⁴⁴/

/nɛn⁵³ oɪ⁴⁴/


誌哀

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡siː³³ ɔːi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɨ⁵⁵ oi̯²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡siː³³ ɔːi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɨ⁵⁵ oi̯²⁴/

(Hakka) to pay respects to the dead; to mark someone's passing


大哀

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ oi̯²⁴/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ oi̯²⁴/

(Hakka) first wife of one's father (used by children of the other wives)


阿姆哀

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ me²⁴⁻¹¹ oi̯²⁴/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ me²⁴⁻¹¹ oi̯²⁴/


阿嬭

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ nai̯²⁴/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ nai̯²⁴/


叔伯阿哥

/suk̚² pak̚² a²⁴⁻¹¹ ko²⁴/

/ʃuk⁵⁻² pak⁵⁻² a³³ ko⁵³/

/suk̚² pak̚² a²⁴⁻¹¹ ko²⁴/

/ʃuk⁵⁻² pak⁵⁻² a³³ ko⁵³/

(Hakka) cousin (father's brother's son older than oneself)


食乳

/sət̚⁵ nɛn⁵³/

/t͡sia(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/

/t͡sia(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ nĩ⁴⁴/

/t͡sia(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ liɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sia(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ liɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sət̚⁵ nɛn⁵³/

/t͡sia(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/

/t͡sia(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ nĩ⁴⁴/

/t͡sia(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ liɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sia(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ liɪŋ⁴⁴/

(Hakka, Hokkien) alternative form of 食奶 (“to suckle; to suck milk”)


吮奶

/t͡sʰi̯on²⁴⁻¹¹ nen⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ nɛn⁵³/

/t͡sʰi̯on²⁴⁻¹¹ nen⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ nɛn⁵³/

(Hakka) to suckle; to suck milk (from a breast, udder, feeding bottle, etc.)


乳臊

(Hakka, figurative) childishness, boyishness


丈人婆

/t͡sœːŋ²² jɐn²¹ pʰɔː²¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴ ŋin¹¹ pʰo¹¹/

/ʈ͡ʂan²¹⁻¹¹ ʐən¹³ po¹³/

/t͡san²¹⁻¹¹ ʐən¹³ po¹³/

/t͡sœːŋ²² jɐn²¹ pʰɔː²¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴ ŋin¹¹ pʰo¹¹/

/ʈ͡ʂan²¹⁻¹¹ ʐən¹³ po¹³/

/t͡san²¹⁻¹¹ ʐən¹³ po¹³/

(Guangzhou Cantonese and Dongguan Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Xiang) mother-in-law (wife's mother)


老阿婆

/lo³¹ a²⁴ pʰo¹¹/

/lo²⁴⁻³³ a³³ pʰo⁵⁵/

/lau²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻²² po²⁴/

/lau⁴¹⁻²² a³³ po²⁴/

/lau²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻²² po¹³/

/lau³³⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴⁻³³ po²⁴/

/lau³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻³³ pɤ²³/

/lo³¹ a²⁴ pʰo¹¹/

/lo²⁴⁻³³ a³³ pʰo⁵⁵/

/lau²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻²² po²⁴/

/lau⁴¹⁻²² a³³ po²⁴/

/lau²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻²² po¹³/

/lau³³⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴⁻³³ po²⁴/

/lau³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻³³ pɤ²³/


阿公婆

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ kuŋ²⁴ pʰo¹¹/

/a³³ kuŋ⁵³ pʰo⁵⁵/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ kuŋ²⁴ pʰo¹¹/

/a³³ kuŋ⁵³ pʰo⁵⁵/

(Hakka) spirit tablet; ancestral tablet (tablet with the name of an ancestor inscribed on it)


著獎

(Hakka) to win a prize in a lottery; to hit the jackpot


掌牛

/t͡soŋ³¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/t͡sɔŋ³¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/t͡sĩõ⁵²⁻³⁵ ɡu⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ³¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/t͡sɔŋ³¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/t͡sĩõ⁵²⁻³⁵ ɡu⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Teochew) to graze cattle; to put cattle out to pasture


該片

/ke⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰiɛn³¹/

/ke⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰɛn³¹/

/ke⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰiɛn³¹/

/ke⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰɛn³¹/


仰仔

樣仔
仰欸
樣欸
仰兒
樣兒

/ŋi̯oŋ³¹ e³¹⁻¹¹/

/ŋi̯oŋ³¹ e³¹/

/ŋiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋe³¹/

/ŋi̯oŋ³¹ e³¹⁻¹¹/

/ŋi̯oŋ³¹ e³¹/

/ŋiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋe³¹/


打幫

/ta³¹ pɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ta⁵³ pɒ̃¹¹/

/ta³¹ pɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ta⁵³ pɒ̃¹¹/

(Hakka) to take a share of the spoils or profits

(Hakka) to thank; thank you to; thank you for


打幫

/ta³¹ pɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ta⁵³ pɒ̃¹¹/

/ta³¹ pɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ta⁵³ pɒ̃¹¹/


纏腳布

/t͡sʰan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹ pu⁵³/

/t͡sʰæ̃¹¹ t͡ɕyəʔ² pu⁴⁵/

/zø²³ t͡ɕiɑʔ¹¹ pu/

/t͡sʰan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹ pu⁵³/

/t͡sʰæ̃¹¹ t͡ɕyəʔ² pu⁴⁵/

/zø²³ t͡ɕiɑʔ¹¹ pu/

(Hakka, Jin, Suzhounese) cloth for footbinding


無變

→ English: bo bian

/bo¹³⁻²² piɛn²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² piɛn²¹/

/bo²³⁻²¹ piɛn²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²¹ piɛn²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² piɛn⁴¹/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piaŋ²¹³/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pieŋ²¹³/

/bo¹³⁻²² piɛn²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² piɛn²¹/

/bo²³⁻²¹ piɛn²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²¹ piɛn²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² piɛn⁴¹/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piaŋ²¹³/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pieŋ²¹³/

(Hakka, Hokkien, Teochew) there is nothing to be done; one can't do anything about it


無辦法

/mo¹¹ pʰan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fap̚¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² pan²²⁻²¹ huat̚³²/

/bo²⁴⁻²¹ pan²²⁻²¹ huat̚³²/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ põĩ¹¹ huak̚²/

/mo¹¹ pʰan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fap̚¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² pan²²⁻²¹ huat̚³²/

/bo²⁴⁻²¹ pan²²⁻²¹ huat̚³²/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ põĩ¹¹ huak̚²/

(Hakka, Southern Min) it can't be helped; there is no choice


防空窿

/foŋ¹¹ kʰuŋ²⁴ luŋ¹¹/

/foŋ⁵⁵ kʰuŋ⁵³ luŋ⁵⁵/

/foŋ¹¹ kʰuŋ²⁴ luŋ¹¹/

/foŋ⁵⁵ kʰuŋ⁵³ luŋ⁵⁵/


子叔

/t͡sz̩³¹ sʊk̚¹/

/t͡sz̩³¹ sʊk̚¹/

(Hakka) paternal uncle (father's younger brother) and his nephew or niece


叔公太

/suk̚² kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/suk̚² kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

(Hakka) paternal great-great-uncle (paternal great-grandfather's younger brother)


皮包仔

/pʰi¹¹ pau̯²⁴ e³¹/

/pʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ pau⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² pau³³ a⁵⁵⁴/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² pau⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/pʰue¹³⁻²² pau⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/pʰue²³⁻³³ pau⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/pʰə²⁴⁻²² pau³³ a⁵⁵⁴/

/pʰi¹¹ pau̯²⁴ e³¹/

/pʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ pau⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² pau³³ a⁵⁵⁴/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² pau⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/pʰue¹³⁻²² pau⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/pʰue²³⁻³³ pau⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/pʰə²⁴⁻²² pau³³ a⁵⁵⁴/

(Hakka, Taiwanese Hokkien) handbag (made of leather)


包包㘝㘝

/pau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ pau̯²⁴ ŋi̯ap̚² ŋi̯ap̚²/

/pau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ pau̯²⁴ ŋi̯ap̚² ŋi̯ap̚²/


崩崗

/pen²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/pen²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/


屋稅

(Hakka) rent (regular payments made to the owner of a property to secure its use)


初初

/t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴ t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ³³ t͡sʰɔ³³/

/t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴ t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ³³ t͡sʰɔ³³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien) at first; initially; in the beginning; originally; at the outset


洩尿

/sie²⁴²⁻⁵³ nˡiɛu²⁴²/

/t͡sʰua⁴¹⁻²² lio⁴¹/

/t͡sʰua²²⁻²¹ lio²²/

/t͡sʰua³³⁻¹¹ lio³³/

/t͡sʰua³³⁻²¹ ziɤ³³/

/t͡sʰua²²⁻²¹ d͡zio²²/

/sie²⁴²⁻⁵³ nˡiɛu²⁴²/

/t͡sʰua⁴¹⁻²² lio⁴¹/

/t͡sʰua²²⁻²¹ lio²²/

/t͡sʰua³³⁻¹¹ lio³³/

/t͡sʰua³³⁻²¹ ziɤ³³/

/t͡sʰua²²⁻²¹ d͡zio²²/

(Hakka) to be unable to hold one's urine


魚圓

/ŋ̍¹¹ i̯en¹¹/

/hɯ²⁴⁻²¹ ĩ²⁴/

/hɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ĩ⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²² ɦyø⁴⁴/

/ŋ̍¹¹ i̯en¹¹/

/hɯ²⁴⁻²¹ ĩ²⁴/

/hɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ĩ⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²² ɦyø⁴⁴/

(Hakka, Teochew, Wu, Singapore Hokkien and Mandarin) fishball


信筒

/ɕin⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕiŋ⁴⁵ tʰuŋ⁵³/

/siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ taŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕiŋ⁴⁵ tʰuŋ⁵³/

/siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ taŋ⁵⁵/

(Teochew, dialectal Hakka, Hainanese) envelope


駝背子

/tʰo²¹ pei²¹³ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/tʰo²¹ pei²¹³ t͡sz̩⁵³/

(dialectal Hakka, Chengdu Sichuanese Mandarin, Nanchang Gan, Changsha Xiang) humpback; hunchback (person)


裝飯

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ faːn²²/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fan⁵³/

/t͡ɕy̯æn³³ ɸan²¹⁻¹¹/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ faːn²²/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fan⁵³/

/t͡ɕy̯æn³³ ɸan²¹⁻¹¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Xiang) to fill (a bowl) with rice


洋芋子

/i̯æn¹³ y²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

/i̯an¹¹ y²¹³⁻³¹ t͡sz̩³/

/i̯æn¹³ y²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

/i̯an¹¹ y²¹³⁻³¹ t͡sz̩³/

(Wanrong Mandarin, Changting Hakka, Xiang) potato


米籮

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lua²⁴/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lua²⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lua¹³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lua²⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lua²³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lua²⁴/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lua²⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lua¹³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lua²⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lua²³/

(Hakka, Hokkien) bamboo basket made of thin bamboo strips for holding rice grains


抹檯布

/maːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

/muːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

/maːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

/muːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Pinghua, Huizhou, Jiangsu Wu) rag; wiping cloth; cleaning cloth (especially for wiping tables)


打花

/ta̠⁴¹ ɸa̠³³/

/ta̠⁴¹ ɸa̠³³/

(Hakka, Xiang) to blossom; to bloom; to flower


鹹濕鬼

咸湿鬼
鹹溼鬼
咸濕鬼
咸溼鬼

/haːm²¹ sɐp̚⁵ kʷɐi̯³⁵/

/haːm²¹ sɐp̚⁵ kʷɐi̯³⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka, derogatory) lecherous man; pervert


傍飯

(Hakka) to have savory dishes with one's rice (or other staple food)


竹頭

/t͡su²¹ tʰəu²¹/

/tyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ tʰau⁵³/

/t͡soʔ³³ dɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡soʔ⁴⁴ døy²³/

/ʈ͡ʂəu̯²⁴ təu̯¹³/

/t͡səu̯²⁴ təu̯¹³/

/t͡su²¹ tʰəu²¹/

/tyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ tʰau⁵³/

/t͡soʔ³³ dɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡soʔ⁴⁴ døy²³/

/ʈ͡ʂəu̯²⁴ təu̯¹³/

/t͡səu̯²⁴ təu̯¹³/


鼻樑骨

/pʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ liɔŋ¹¹ kut̚¹/

/pʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ liɔŋ¹¹ kut̚¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Hakka, anatomy) bridge (bony ridge of the nose)


番綻

/fan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan⁵⁵/

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰan⁵³/

/fan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan⁵⁵/

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰan⁵³/

The rattan palm was quite well-known before. Children who did not listen often had to eat rattan palm to grow up. School teachers would also prepare rattam palm to treat those rascals who were mischievous, who were naughty, who did not want to do their homework, and who did very poorly on their exams.

2017 May 1, 羅肇錦, 鳥仔毋企樹, in NCU Hakka College E-Paper, issue 276

Vòng-thèn yî-chhièn tông yû-miàng, se-ngìn-è m̀ thâng-fa chia̍p-sòng oi sṳ̍t vòng-thèn chang voi thai, ho̍k-káu sîn-sâng ya he voi chún-phi vòng-thèn fu̍k-sṳ tông liàu-tiâu, tông fân-chhan, m̀ hén siá chok-ngia̍p, kháu-sṳ tông lâm ke se-kúi-é.

黃藤以前當有名，細人仔毋聽話輒常愛食黃藤正會大，學校先生也係會準備黃藤服侍當撩刁、當番綻、毋肯寫作業、考試當濫个細鬼仔。

黄藤以前当有名，细人仔毋听话辄常爱食黄藤正会大，学校先生也系会准备黄藤服侍当撩刁、当番绽、毋肯写作业、考试当滥个细鬼仔。

You ask me, "Why are you so naughty that you would climb up someone's fence?"

Ngì mun ngài, cho-má-ke án fân-chhan, oi khie̍t ngìn ke thù-chhiòng?

你問𠊎，做麼个恁番綻，愛蹶人个圖牆？

你问𠊎，做么个恁番绽，爱蹶人个图墙？


牙腳

/ŋa¹¹ kiɔk̚¹/

/ŋa¹¹ kiɔk̚¹/

(Hakka, anatomy) root of the tooth; base of the tooth


搓牙齒

/t͡sʰo⁵⁵ ŋa¹¹ t͡sʰɨ³¹/

/t͡sʰo⁵⁵ ŋa¹¹ t͡sʰɨ³¹/

(Hakka) to brush one's teeth; to clean one's teeth


老貨

/l̃au²⁴²⁻⁵³ huɔ²¹³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ xo⁴⁵/

/l̃au²⁴²⁻⁵³ huɔ²¹³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ xo⁴⁵/

(Hakka, Northern Min, Easthern Min, Xiang) old fellow; old codger


告化子

/kɒu̯⁴⁵ ɸa̠⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/kɒu̯⁴⁵ ɸa̠⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/


考篷

/kʰau³¹ pʰʊŋ¹¹/

/kʰau³¹ pʰʊŋ¹¹/


告化仔

/kau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ (ʋ)e³¹/

/kau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ (ʋ)e³¹/


嘈仗

/t͡sʰau¹¹ t͡sɔŋ⁵³/

/t͡sʰau¹¹ t͡sɔŋ⁵³/

(Hakka) to quarrel; to argue; to have a row


腦囟隔

/nau³¹ ɕim⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kak̚¹/

/nau³¹ ɕim⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kak̚¹/


腦珠背

/nau³¹ t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ poɪ⁵³/

/nau³¹ t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ poɪ⁵³/


花蘿蟲

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lo¹¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹/

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lo¹¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹/


花甲子

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kap̚¹ t͡sz̩³¹/

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kap̚¹ t͡sz̩³¹/


豬嫲

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ma⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ma⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

† - has given birth or used for breeding


驢牯

/lɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

/lɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

(Lichuan Gan, Hakka, Northern Min, Teochew) jack; male donkey


昏船

/fun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔn¹¹/

/ɸən³³ t͡ɕy̯ẽ¹³/

/fun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔn¹¹/

/ɸən³³ t͡ɕy̯ẽ¹³/

(Hakka, Xiang, Liuzhou Mandarin) to become seasick


蹬腳

/tən³³ t͡ɕi̯o²⁴/

/tən³³ t͡ɕi̯o²⁴/

(Hakka, Xiang) to lift up one's foot and to stamp the earth forcefully


馬嫲

/ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

/ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min) female horse; mare


電泥

/tʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ naɪ¹¹/

/tʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ naɪ¹¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min) battery (device producing electricity)


息仔

(dialectal Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Pinghua) great-grandson (in a male lineage)

† - distinguishes male gender from gender-neutral term


蟬仔

/siɛn²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/siɛn²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/


打魚子

/ta³¹ ŋ̍¹¹ e³¹/

/ta³¹ ŋ̍¹¹ e³¹/


落霧

/lɔːk̚² mou̯²²/

/lɔk̚⁵ ʋu⁵³/

/loʔ⁴⁻² bu¹¹/

/lɔːk̚² mou̯²²/

/lɔk̚⁵ ʋu⁵³/

/loʔ⁴⁻² bu¹¹/

(Cantonese, Hainanese, Hakka, Teochew, Jinhua Wu) to have fog or mist appear


騾仔

/lɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/lɔ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/le²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/lɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/lɔ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/le²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Hokkien) mule (offspring of a donkey and a horse)


跌珓

(Hakka, religion) to divine using moon blocks; to do poe divination


無共樣

/mo¹¹ kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ i̯oŋ⁵⁵/

/mo¹¹ kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ i̯oŋ⁵⁵/


亂話

(dialectal Hakka, Northern Min, Wu) to talk rubbish; to talk nonsense


芫荽仔

/ian¹¹ suɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/

/yiŋ³³ sy⁵⁴ t͡siɛ²¹/

/ian¹¹ suɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/

/yiŋ³³ sy⁵⁴ t͡siɛ²¹/


黿魚

/yiŋ³³ ŋy³³/

/yiŋ³³ ŋy³³/

(chiefly dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Northern Min, dialectal Eastern Min, Longyan Min) soft-shell turtle


電壺

/tʰian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu¹¹/

/tʰian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu¹¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min) thermos; vacuum flask


騙仔

/pʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

/pʰiŋ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/pʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

/pʰiŋ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min) cheat; trickster; impostor; cheater; swindler


𤊶

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 剌 (OC *raːd).

(dialectal Hakka) rice crust; scorched rice

(Cantonese, Hakka) alternative form of 焫 (“to burn; to scald; to sear; very hot; scalding”)


鴨仔聽雷

/ap̚² e³¹⁻¹¹ tʰaŋ²⁴ lu̯i¹¹/

/ap̚² e³¹ tʰaŋ²⁴ lu̯i¹¹/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² lui²⁴/

/a(ʔ)⁵ a⁵⁵⁴ tʰiã³³ lui²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² lui¹³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ lui²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ lui²³/

/ap̚² e³¹⁻¹¹ tʰaŋ²⁴ lu̯i¹¹/

/ap̚² e³¹ tʰaŋ²⁴ lu̯i¹¹/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² lui²⁴/

/a(ʔ)⁵ a⁵⁵⁴ tʰiã³³ lui²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² lui¹³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ lui²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹ tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ lui²³/

(Hakka, Hokkien) to not know what someone is driving at; to be unintelligible; to be completely beyond one's comprehension


自動波

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡siː²² tʊŋ²² pɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵³ po⁴⁴/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡siː²² tʊŋ²² pɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵³ po⁴⁴/

automatic transmission
automatic transmission

(chiefly Cantonese and Hakka) automatic transmission


蟋蟀仔

/si(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

/si(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Taiwanese Hokkien) cricket (insect)


翻生

/faːn⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ sɯ̃³³/

/faːn⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ sɯ̃³³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Teochew) to be brought back to life; to bring back to life


手嫲頭

(western Guangdong and Guangxi Hakka, Northern Min) thumb


尿桶

/ŋi̯au̯⁵⁵ tʰuŋ³¹/

/niau⁵⁵ tʰɔŋ²¹/

/lio⁴¹⁻²² tʰaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/ŋi̯au̯⁵⁵ tʰuŋ³¹/

/niau⁵⁵ tʰɔŋ²¹/

/lio⁴¹⁻²² tʰaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

(Hakka, Northern Min, Jinjiang Hokkien) night soil or manure bucket


托大腳

/tʰɔːk̚³ taːi̯²² kœːk̚³/

/tʰɔk̚¹ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹/

/tʰɔːk̚³ taːi̯²² kœːk̚³/

/tʰɔk̚¹ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to brownnose; to suck up; to bootlick


蒜仁

/su̯än⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/su̯än⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/


地豆仁

/tʰi³³ tʰeu³³ ʒin⁵⁵/

/tʰi³³ tʰeu³³ ʒin⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Teochew) shelled peanut; peanut kernel


番豆仁

/fan²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰeu̯⁵⁵ in¹¹/

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ in¹¹/

/huaŋ³⁵⁻³³ tau³⁵⁻³³ zieŋ²²/

/fan²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰeu̯⁵⁵ in¹¹/

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ in¹¹/

/huaŋ³⁵⁻³³ tau³⁵⁻³³ zieŋ²²/

(Hakka, Leizhou Min, Hainanese) shelled peanut; peanut kernel


大番薯

/taːi̯²² faːn⁵⁵ syː²¹⁻³⁵/

/tʰaɪ⁵³ fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ su¹¹/

/taːi̯²² faːn⁵⁵ syː²¹⁻³⁵/

/tʰaɪ⁵³ fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ su¹¹/

The Philippine Hokkien term is possibly due to being a calque of Tagalog kamote (“(slang) act of performing badly on a task”). See also Hokkien ka-mú-tī.

calque

(Cantonese, Hakka, Philippine Hokkien) fool; idiot


大戇牯

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋoŋ⁵⁵ ku³¹/

/tʰai³³ ŋoŋ¹¹ ku²⁴/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋoŋ⁵⁵ ku³¹/

/tʰai³³ ŋoŋ¹¹ ku²⁴/


輸賭

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Zhongshan Min) to make a bet; to place a wager


鑊頭

/ʋɔk̚⁵ tʰeu¹¹/

/ɦoʔ¹¹ dɤɯ⁵⁵/

/ʋɔk̚⁵ tʰeu¹¹/

/ɦoʔ¹¹ dɤɯ⁵⁵/


起雷

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

/hei̯³⁵ lɵy̯²¹/

/kʰi⁴²⁻²⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui¹³/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lui²³/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

/hei̯³⁵ lɵy̯²¹/

/kʰi⁴²⁻²⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui²⁴/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui¹³/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lui²³/


蔥子

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻²¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻²¹/

(Sichuanese, dialectal Hakka) green onion; spring onion; scallion


響雷公

/hi̯oŋ³¹ lu̯i¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/

/hioŋ²⁴⁻³³ lui⁵⁵ kuŋ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ³¹ luɪ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/xiɔŋ²¹ so³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

/hi̯oŋ³¹ lu̯i¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/

/hioŋ²⁴⁻³³ lui⁵⁵ kuŋ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ³¹ luɪ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/xiɔŋ²¹ so³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Gan, Hakka, Northern Min) to rumble with thunder; to thunder


打雷公

/ta²⁴⁻³³ lui⁵⁵ kuŋ⁵³/

/ta²⁴⁻³³ lui⁵⁵ kuŋ⁵³/

(Hakka) to rumble with thunder; to thunder


雷公響

/lu̯i¹¹ kuŋ²⁴ hi̯oŋ³¹/

/luɪ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hiɔŋ³¹/

/so³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴ xiɔŋ²¹/

/l̃ai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵ hyoŋ³³/

/lui²¹ køŋ⁵³ hiɐŋ³³/

/lu̯i¹¹ kuŋ²⁴ hi̯oŋ³¹/

/luɪ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hiɔŋ³¹/

/so³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴ xiɔŋ²¹/

/l̃ai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵ hyoŋ³³/

/lui²¹ køŋ⁵³ hiɐŋ³³/

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Hakka, Eastern Min, Northern Min, Pinghua) to rumble with thunder; to thunder


佢等人

/ki¹¹ tɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/ki¹¹ tɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/


狗婆

/kiɛu²¹³⁻¹³ pʰo²⁴/

/kiɛu²¹³⁻¹³ pʰo²⁴/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, dialectal Hakka, Gan, Xiang) female dog


夜火蟲

/ˈia¹¹ fo²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ xo⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ xo⁴¹ t͡sən¹³/

/ˈia¹¹ fo²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ xo⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ xo⁴¹ t͡sən¹³/

(Jiangxi Hakka, Gan, Xiang) firefly; lightning bug; glowworm


錯有錯著

/t͡sʰɔː³³ jɐu̯¹³ t͡sʰɔː³³ t͡sœːk̚²/

/t͡sʰo⁵³ iu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰo⁵³ t͡sʰɔk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰɔː³³ jɐu̯¹³ t͡sʰɔː³³ t͡sœːk̚²/

/t͡sʰo⁵³ iu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰo⁵³ t͡sʰɔk̚⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to leave a mistake uncorrected and have it turn out to be something good; a mistake turns out to be beneficial or useful


翼膀

(Gan, dialectal Hakka, dialectal Huizhou, Fuding Eastern Min, dialectal Wu) wing (of a bird or insect)


豬旺子

/t͡ɕy⁴² uɔŋ¹¹ t͡sz̩¹/

/t͡ɕy⁴² uɔŋ¹¹ t͡sz̩¹/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Yangzhou Mandarin, Gan, dialectal Hakka) pig blood (as food)


豬婆癲

/t͡ɕy⁴² pʰo² tiɛn⁴²/

/t͡ɕy⁴² pʰo² tiɛn⁴²/


話夢話

/ua¹¹ ˈmuŋ¹¹ ua¹¹/

/ua¹¹ ˈmuŋ¹¹ ua¹¹/

(Gan, Shicheng Hakka) to talk in one's sleep; to sleeptalk


打白話

/ta²¹³⁻¹³ pʰaʔ⁵ ua²/

/ta²¹³⁻¹³ pʰaʔ⁵ ua²/


漚紐

/eu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ neu⁵³/

/eu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ neu⁵³/

Possibly related to Northern Min 污喏 (ó̤-nŏ̤).


石榴仔

sag⁶ lêu² ê³


孲𤘅仔

𰌦𤘅仔
嬰兒仔
孲𤘅兒
啊伢欸
屙牙子
阿伢仔

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋa⁵⁵ e³¹/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋa⁵⁵ e³¹/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋa²⁴ e³¹/

/o²⁴ ŋa¹¹ e³¹/

/o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋa¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/o⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋa¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋa⁵⁵ e³¹/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋa⁵⁵ e³¹/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋa²⁴ e³¹/

/o²⁴ ŋa¹¹ e³¹/

/o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋa¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/o⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋa¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

When she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.

現代臺灣客語譯本 (Today's Taiwan Hakka Version), 出埃及記 (Exodus) 2:2

Liá fu-ngìn-kâ khon-tó ô-nga-é tông tet-ngìn-siak, chhiu chiông kì khong sâm-ke ngie̍t kiú.

這婦人家看到孲𤘅仔當得人惜，就將佢囥三個月久。

这妇人家看到𰌦𤘅仔当得人惜，就将佢囥三个月久。


交春

/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵ t͡sʰən²¹/

/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵ t͡sʰən²¹/

(Hakka, Liuzhou Mandarin, Putian Puxian Min, Wu) The "Beginning of Spring", the first of the twenty-four solar terms, around February 3rd, 4th, or 5th, marking the first day of spring according to the Chinese calendar.

立春、雨水、驚蟄

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Spring

立夏、小滿

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Summer

立秋、處暑

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Autumn

立冬、小雪、大雪、冬至、小寒、大寒

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Winter


交秋

/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɤ²¹/

/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɤ²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Northern Min, Puxian Min, Wu) The first day of autumn, one of the solar terms (around the 8th of August).


細鴨仔

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ap̚¹ pe³¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ap̚¹ pe³¹/


著驚

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ kiaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiã⁴⁴/

/tio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kiã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ kiaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiã⁴⁴/

/tio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kiã⁴⁴/

(Hakka, Hokkien) to be taken aback; to be startled; to be surprised


盤錢

/pʰɵn²⁴ t͡ɕʰiɛn²/

/pʰan¹¹ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/

/pʰɵn²⁴ t͡ɕʰiɛn²/

/pʰan¹¹ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/


蠶仔

/t͡sʰaŋ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/tʰam²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/tʰam²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/t͡sʰam²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/t͡sʰaŋ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/tʰam²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/tʰam²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/t͡sʰam²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

(Hakka, Northern Min, Hokkien, Central Min) silkworm


揚蝶

The butterflies are flying, flying freely

蝴蝶自由飛呀飛

蝴蝶自由飞呀飞

2018, “揚蝶仔 飛歸來”, 林生祥 [Lin Sheng-xiang] (lyrics):

揚蝶遽遽飛歸來

扬蝶遽遽飞归来


摝屎棍

Compare English shit-stirrer and Chinese 攪屎棍 /搅屎棍 (jiǎoshǐgùn).

(Hakka, derogatory, figuratively) troublemaker

(Hakka, historical) shit stick (small piece of wood or bamboo used to clean the anus after defecation)


鵪鶉仔

/ɛm⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰun¹¹ ne³¹/

/ɛm⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰun¹¹ ne³¹/


啞子食苦瓜

/a³¹ t͡sz̩⁴⁴ sət̚⁵ fu³¹ kua⁴⁴/

/a³¹ t͡sz̩⁴⁴ sət̚⁵ fu³¹ kua⁴⁴/

(Hakka) to be unable to express one's discomfort; to be forced to suffer in silence


阿鵲仔

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ɕiak̚¹ e³¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ɕiak̚¹ e³¹/


阿白

(Hakka) great-great-grandparent (parent of one's paternal great-grandfather)


阿公鞋

/a⁴⁴ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ haɪ¹¹/

/a⁴⁴ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ haɪ¹¹/


唐鞋

/tʰɔŋ¹¹ haɪ¹¹/

/tʰɔŋ¹¹ haɪ¹¹/


阿弄店

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lʊŋ³¹ tiam⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lʊŋ³¹ tiam⁵³/


阿婆官

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ kuɔn⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ kuɔn⁴⁴/

(Hakka) incompetent person; useless individual; good-for-nothing


阿婆鞋

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ haɪ¹¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ haɪ¹¹/

(Hakka) female cloth shoes with fastening loop


阿婆嘴

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ t͡soɪ⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ t͡soɪ⁵³/


阿婆嘴

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ t͡soɪ⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹ t͡soɪ⁵³/


牙床肉

/ŋa¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ ŋiʊk̚¹/

/ŋa¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ ŋiʊk̚¹/


鷓鴣仔

/t͡sa⁵³ ku⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/t͡sa⁵³ ku⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/


車輪頓

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lun¹¹ tun³¹/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lun¹¹ tun³¹/


初胎

/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴ tʰoɪ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴ tʰoɪ⁴⁴/

(Hakka) firstborn child or first pregnancy


自家子叔

/t͡sʰz̩¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩³¹ sʊk̚¹/

/t͡sʰz̩¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩³¹ sʊk̚¹/

(Hakka) one's own family members; one's own relatives


自繫

/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁵³/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁵³/


肚飢

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Wu, Hakka) hungry


肚臍窟

/tu²⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi⁵⁵ fut⁵/

/tu³¹ t͡ɕʰi¹¹ fut̚¹/

/tu²⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi⁵⁵ fut⁵/

/tu³¹ t͡ɕʰi¹¹ fut̚¹/


褲菜

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/


褲袋仔

/fu⁵⁵ tʰoi̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/fu¹¹ tʰoi³³ ə⁵⁵/

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ te³³⁻¹¹ a⁵³/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ te²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/fu⁵⁵ tʰoi̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/fu¹¹ tʰoi³³ ə⁵⁵/

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ te³³⁻¹¹ a⁵³/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ te²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

1996, “無毛雞”, in 方子文 (lyrics), 施福珍 (music), 台灣囝仔歌的故事, Taipei: 玉山社出版, →ISBN, page 123:

The featherless chicken tries to show off; when he turns out his pants pocket, there's not half a thing

Bô mô͘ ke, ké tōa-pān, khò͘-tē-á hian-khui bô pòaⁿ hāng

無毛雞 假大扮 褲袋仔掀開無半項

无毛鸡 假大扮 裤袋仔掀开无半项

2014, “銀角仔 [Penny]”, in 謝誌豪 [Arthur Hsieh] (lyrics), 蕭煌奇 [Ricky Hsiao] (music), 上水的花 [The Most Beautiful Flower], performed by 蕭煌奇 [Ricky Hsiao]:

khò͘-tē-á chí chhun lân-san, beh chóaⁿ-iūⁿ káⁿ kè-sio̍k chòe-bāng

褲袋仔只偆零散 欲怎樣敢繼續做夢

裤袋仔只偆零散 欲怎样敢继续做梦


妹仔人

/moɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹ ŋin¹¹/

/moɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹ ŋin¹¹/


赴墟仔

/fu⁵³ hi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/

/fu⁵³ hi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/

(Hakka) to go to a market; to go to a fair


赴時

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩¹¹/

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩¹¹/


烏鷯哥

/ʋu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liau⁵³ ko⁴⁴/

/ʋu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liau⁵³ ko⁴⁴/


烏麻仔

/ʋu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/ʋu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/


湖鰍

/fu¹¹ t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴/

/hu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ieu⁵⁵/

/fu¹¹ t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴/

/hu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ l̃ieu⁵⁵/


胡七八說

/fu¹¹ t͡ɕʰit̚¹ pat̚¹ sɔt̚¹/

/fu¹¹ t͡ɕʰit̚¹ pat̚¹ sɔt̚¹/

(Hakka) to talk rubbish; to talk nonsense


狐癖

(Hakka) body odour (especially in the armpit region)


孵子

/pʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/pʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/

/pʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/pʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/


布扣仔

/pu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/pu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/


布紐仔

/pu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ neu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/pu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ neu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/


老鼠耳

/lau³¹ t͡sʰu³¹ ŋi³¹/

/lau³¹ t͡sʰu³¹ ŋi³¹/


偎偎屎

/ʋa³¹ ʋa³¹ sz̩³¹/

/ʋa³¹ ʋa³¹ sz̩³¹/

(Hakka) overseas Chinese born outside China


打斧頭

/taː³⁵ fuː³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/taː³⁵ fuː³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

1828, Robert Morrison, Vocabulary of the Canton Dialect: Part III. Chinese Words and Phrases, Macao, China: East India Company's Press:

You altogether not strike with the hammer—Don't chop off and pocket a part of the price—tell exactly what you paid for it.

你莫個總打斧頭

你莫个总打斧头

2017 August 10, 甄敏宜, “廚·神 搞企業 鄭偉誠牧師”, in 成報 [Sing Pao Daily News], page A07:

Later, we discovered the chef was pocketing money when stocking goods, so I have a very bad impression of chefs.

hau⁶ loi⁴ ngo⁵ mun⁴ jau⁶ faat³ jin⁶ cyu⁴ si¹ maai⁵ fo³ si⁴ daa² fu² tau⁴, so² ji⁵ ngo⁵ deoi³ cyu⁴ si¹ dik¹ jan³ zoeng⁶ han² caa¹.

後來我們又發現廚師買貨時打斧頭，所以我對廚師的印象很差。

后来我们又发现厨师买货时打斧头，所以我对厨师的印象很差。

2018 January 7, 蕭景源, “5歲女疑遭虐 遺體瘡痍周身 8歲兄亦新傷疊舊傷 父及繼母被拘”, in 文匯報 [Wen Wei Po], page A7:

A nine year old son, who was staying at a foster family, went home during Chinese New Year to visit his father. The father, suspecting his son pocketed money while buying food, threw him against the wall and the sofa, and hit his head with a 6 feet long plastic stick.

zoi⁶ gei³ joeng⁵ gaa¹ ting⁴ geoi¹ zyu⁶ dik¹ gau² seoi³ ji⁴ zi² zoi⁶ nung⁴ lik⁶ san¹ nin⁴ wui⁴ gaa¹ taam³ mong⁶ fu⁶ can¹ si⁴, fu⁶ can¹ waai⁴ ji⁴ ji⁴ zi² maai⁵ sik⁶ mat⁶ si⁴ “daa² fu² tau⁴”, baa² ji⁴ zi² zaak⁶ hoeng³ coeng⁴ bin¹ wo⁴ so¹ faa³⁻², bing⁶ ji⁵ luk⁶ cek³ coeng⁴ gaau¹ gwan³ au² daa² kei⁴ tau⁴ bou⁶.

在寄養家庭居住的9歲兒子在農曆新年回家探望父親時，父親懷疑兒子買食物時「打斧頭」，把兒子擲向牆邊和梳化，並以6呎長膠棍毆打其頭部。

在寄养家庭居住的9岁儿子在农历新年回家探望父亲时，父亲怀疑儿子买食物时「打斧头」，把儿子掷向墙边和梳化，并以6呎长胶棍殴打其头部。

(Cantonese, Hakka) to pocket some money when dealing with transactions on behalf of someone else, e.g., by keeping back a portion of the money entrusted to one for buying something or by adding an extra hidden charge


打腳

/ta̠⁴¹ t͡ɕi̯o²⁴/

/ta̠⁴¹ t͡ɕi̯o²⁴/

(Hakka) to walk; to get somewhere by foot

(Hakka, Xiang) to hurt one's foot while walking (of a footwear)


打魚仔

/ta³¹ ŋ̍¹¹ e³¹/

/ta²⁴⁻³³ ŋ⁵⁵ ə⁵⁵/

/ta³¹ n̩¹¹ e³¹/

/ta³¹ ŋ̍¹¹ e³¹/

/ta²⁴⁻³³ ŋ⁵⁵ ə⁵⁵/

/ta³¹ n̩¹¹ e³¹/


打觔斗

/ta³¹ in⁵³⁻⁵⁵ teu³¹/

/ta³¹ in⁵³⁻⁵⁵ teu³¹/


打銃仔

/ta³¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋe³¹/

/ta³¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋe³¹/


打空肚

/ta³¹ kʰʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tu³¹/

/ta³¹ kʰʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tu³¹/


打忸

(Hakka) surprised; astonished; amazed; shocked


投是非

(Hakka) to complain to one's parents or superiors


偷生子

/tʰeu⁴⁴ sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/

/tʰeu⁴⁴ sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/

(Hakka) illegitimate child (usually a boy); bastard child; child born out of wedlock


偷嫽

(Hakka) to lie down on the job; to shirk one's duties; to goldbrick; to slack off


尿裙

/ŋiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiun¹¹/

/ŋiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiun¹¹/


拖地把

/tʰo⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pa³¹/

/tʰo⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pa³¹/

GT - General Taiwanese (no particular region identified)


拖地布

/tʰo⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pu⁵³/

/tʰo⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pu⁵³/


拖格

/tʰo⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kak̚¹/

/tʰo⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kak̚¹/


禾鷝仔

禾𲍴仔
禾必仔
禾筆仔
禾筆兒
禾畢兒
禾鴓欸

/vo¹¹ pit̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/vo¹¹ pit̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

(Renhua Cantonese, Hakka) sparrow (any member of the genus Passer)


火炎蟲

/fo³¹ iam¹¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹/

/fo³¹ iam¹¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹/

(Hakka, Xinyi Cantonese) firefly; lightning bug; glowworm


身仔

/sən⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/

/sən⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/

(Hakka, anatomy) body (of a human or animal)


晨朝日

/sən¹¹ t͡sau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋit̚¹/

/sən¹¹ t͡sau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋit̚¹/


貓牸仔

/miau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/miau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/


番豆油

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iu¹¹/

/huaŋ³⁵⁻³³ tau³⁵⁻³³ iu²²/

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iu¹¹/

/huaŋ³⁵⁻³³ tau³⁵⁻³³ iu²²/

(Hakka, Hainanese, Leizhou Min) peanut oil


地豆油

/tʰi⁵⁵ tʰeu̯⁵⁵ i̯u¹¹/

/tʰi⁵⁵ tʰeu̯⁵⁵ i̯u¹¹/


鵝公

/ŋo¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/

/ŋo¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/ŋo¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/

/ŋo¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/


鵝嫲

/ŋyɛ³³ ma³³/

/ŋyɛ³³ ma³³/


蟹膏

/hoi³⁵⁻¹¹ ko³³/

/hɔi³³ kɔ³⁵/

/hoi³⁵⁻¹¹ ko³³/

/hɔi³³ kɔ³⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, Wu) the ovaries, roe and digestive tract of a female crab (as a food delicacy)


粘米

/t͡siːm⁵⁵ mɐi̯¹³/

/t͡sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mi³¹/

/t͡siːm⁵⁵ mɐi̯¹³/

/t͡sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mi³¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) non-glutinous white rice; polished indica rice


家先

/ka⁴⁴ ɕiɛn⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴ ɕiɛn⁴⁴/


家先生

/ka⁴⁴ ɕiɛn⁴⁴ sɛn⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴ ɕiɛn⁴⁴ sɛn⁴⁴/

(Hakka, polite, term of address) venerable old person


牙門

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (牙門):
* → Japanese: 牙(が)門(もん) (gamon)
* → Korean: 아문(牙門) (amun)

/jä³⁵ mən³⁵/

/jä³⁵ mən³⁵/


牙唁目皺

/ŋa¹¹ ŋian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mʊk̚¹ t͡ɕiu⁵³/

/ŋa¹¹ ŋian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mʊk̚¹ t͡ɕiu⁵³/

(Hakka) with knitted brows and a doleful look; looking distressed


包尾

/paːu̯⁵⁵ mei̯¹³⁻⁵⁵/

/pau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ mi²⁴/

/paːu̯⁵⁵ mei̯¹³⁻⁵⁵/

/pau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ mi²⁴/


鵓鴣

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ku⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ku⁵⁵/

(literary or Hakka, Shanghainese) turtledove


沕水

/mei̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ suɪ³¹/

/mei̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ suɪ³¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to dive; to go under water


鼻膿

/pʰi⁵⁵ nuŋ¹¹/

/pʰi⁵⁵ nuŋ¹¹/

(dialectal Cantonese, Hakka) nasal mucus; snot


耳吉

/ŋɐi¹³ kɐk̚⁴⁴/

/ŋɐi¹³ kɐk̚⁴⁴/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) ear (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


盪嘴

/tʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡soi̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡soɪ⁵³/

/tʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡soi̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡soɪ⁵³/


大腳髀

/tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹ pi³¹/

/tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹ pi³¹/


一竹篙打一船人

一竹篙打死一船人
一竹篙打沉一船人
一竹篙揇沉一船人

/jɐt̚⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵ kou̯⁵⁵ taː³⁵ jɐt̚⁵ syːn²¹ jɐn²¹/

/it̚² t͡suk̚² ko²⁴ ta³¹ it̚² son¹¹ ŋin¹¹/

/(j)it̚² t͡suk̚² ko²⁴ ta³¹ (j)it̚² son¹¹ ŋin¹¹/

tar everyone with the same brush
tar with the same brush

(Cantonese, Hakka) to tar everyone with the same brush


蒔田

/siː²² tʰiːn²¹/

/sɨ⁵⁵ tʰi̯en¹¹/

/sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/t͡sʰi⁵⁵ t͡sʰaiŋ³³/

/siː²² tʰiːn²¹/

/sɨ⁵⁵ tʰi̯en¹¹/

/sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/t͡sʰi⁵⁵ t͡sʰaiŋ³³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min) to transplant rice seedlings


孝仗棍

/hau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔŋ³¹ kun⁵³/

/hau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔŋ³¹ kun⁵³/

(Hakka) staff in former times used by the son of the deceased in a funeral procession to show filial piety


插田

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Xiang) to transplant rice seedlings


鐵線仔

tiêd⁵ xiên⁴ ê³

/tʰiɛt̚¹ ɕiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

/tʰiɛt̚¹ ɕiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/


洋狗仔

/iɔŋ¹¹ keu³¹ ʋe³¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ keu³¹ ʋe³¹/


割禾

/kɔːt̚³ wɔː²¹/

/kᵘɔt̚³³ vᵘɔ²²/

/kɔt̚¹ ʋo¹¹/

/kɔːt̚³ wɔː²¹/

/kᵘɔt̚³³ vᵘɔ²²/

/kɔt̚¹ ʋo¹¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Gan, Xiang, Liuzhou Mandarin) to harvest rice


禾稈

/wɔː²¹ kɔːn³⁵/

/ʋo¹¹ kɔn³¹/

/wɔː²¹ kɔːn³⁵/

/ʋo¹¹ kɔn³¹/


刀嫲

/tau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

/tau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

(Hakka) large knife for chopping firewood, bamboo, etc.


晾衫

/lɔːŋ²² saːm⁵⁵/

/lɔŋ³² sam²¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ sã⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² sã⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² sã³³/

/nɛ̃¹³⁻²² sã⁴⁴/

/nẽ²³⁻³³ sã⁴⁴/

/lɔːŋ²² saːm⁵⁵/

/lɔŋ³² sam²¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ sã⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² sã⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² sã³³/

/nɛ̃¹³⁻²² sã⁴⁴/

/nẽ²³⁻³³ sã⁴⁴/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien) to hang-dry clothes


恬恬

學生恬恬聽

学生恬恬听

1841, William Dean, First Lessons in the Tie-chiw Dialect, “Words and Phrases”

恬恬在厝

1998, “台北孤兒”, 伍佰 (lyrics)performed by 李宗盛 and 林強:

chí-ū tiām-tiām tī tsia chham ka-kī tó͘-khì, tó chi̍t kang tsiah ū ka-kī ê tē kah thiⁿ

只有靜靜在這參自己賭氣 那一天才有自己的地和天

只有静静在这参自己赌气 那一天才有自己的地和天


一生人

/jɐt̚⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/ʒit⁵⁻² sen⁵³ ŋin⁵⁵/

/it̚⁴⁴ sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/it̚⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/jɐt̚⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/ʒit⁵⁻² sen⁵³ ŋin⁵⁵/

/it̚⁴⁴ sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/it̚⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka) all one's life; lifetime


上背

/sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ poɪ⁵³/

/sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ poɪ⁵³/


打票

(Hakka) to buy a ticket (for a bus or train)


㪐毛

(Hakka) to lose hair; to shed old feathers (of animals)


打竳

(Hakka) to stand straight; to stand erect; to stand upright


打竳

(Hakka) to stand straight (of a child learning how to stand)


打林

/ta²⁴⁻³³ na⁵⁵/

/ta²⁴⁻³³ na⁵⁵/


打走

(Hakka) to be washed away by strong water


打露

(Hakka) to leave outside at night to get wet by dew


打粄

(Hakka) to make pastries after grinding rice into a pulp


打米

/ta²¹³⁻²⁴ mi²¹³/

/ta²¹³⁻²⁴ mi²¹³/

(Hakka) to pound the rice to remove the bran


打石

/ta²⁴⁻³³ ʃak²/

/ta²⁴⁻³³ ʃak²/


打禾

(Hakka) to hit rice grain using farm tools


打棉

(Hakka) to beat cotton using a machine to make it soft (for making quilts)


打丁

(Hakka, of the bride's brother) to take the bride on a sedan chair to send her off to the groom's house


賺打

(Hakka) to invest much and receive very little


滿姨

/man⁴⁴⁻³⁵ i¹¹/

/man⁴⁴⁻³⁵ i¹¹/


滿姑

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴/

(Hakka) youngest paternal aunt (youngest among one's father's sisters)


滿妹

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ moi̯⁵⁵/

/man⁴⁴⁻³⁵ moɪ⁵³/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ moi̯⁵⁵/

/man⁴⁴⁻³⁵ moɪ⁵³/


滿叔

(Hakka, Xiang) paternal uncle (father's youngest brother)


滿女

/man²⁴ ŋ̍³¹/

/man⁴⁴⁻³⁵ n̩³¹/

/man²⁴ ŋ̍³¹/

/man⁴⁴⁻³⁵ n̩³¹/

(Hakka, Hengyang Xiang) youngest daughter


堪該

/kʰam²⁴⁻¹¹ koi̯²⁴/

/kʰam³³⁻²³ kai³³/

/kʰam²⁴⁻¹¹ koi̯²⁴/

/kʰam³³⁻²³ kai³³/

gotten what's coming to one
get what's coming to one

(Hakka, Teochew) to serve someone right; to have gotten what's coming to one


踢燕仔

têd⁵ yan⁴ ê³

/tʰɛt̚¹ ian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

/tʰɛt̚¹ ian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

(Hakka) to play jianzi; to kick the jianzi


蝨嫲卵

/sɛt̚¹ ma¹¹ lɔn³¹/

/sɛ²⁴ ma³³ sɔŋ⁵⁵/

/sɛt̚¹ ma¹¹ lɔn³¹/

/sɛ²⁴ ma³³ sɔŋ⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Northern Min) egg of the louse; nit


搣食

/mɛt̚¹ sət̚⁵/

/mɛt̚¹ sət̚⁵/


蝠婆仔

/pʰit̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ e³¹/

/pʰit̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ e³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/pʰit̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ a²¹/

/pʰit̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ e³¹/

/pʰit̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ e³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/pʰit̚⁵ pʰo¹¹ a²¹/

In that day, men shall cast away their idols of silver and their idols of gold, which have been made for themselves to worship, to the moles and to the bats [World English Bible]

現代臺灣客語譯本 [Today's Taiwan Hakka Version], 以賽亞書 [Isaiah] 2:20

To ke-ngit, kì-têu oi te̍p-thet chhṳ-kâ chṳ-chho ke kîm-ngiùn ngiéu-siong, fit-pûn thièn-chhú lâu phi̍t-phò-è.

到該日，佢等愛㧹掉自家製造个金銀偶像，㧒給田鼠㧯蝠婆仔。

到该日，佢等爱㧹掉自家制造个金银偶像，㧒给田鼠㧯蝠婆仔。


北片

/pɛt̚¹ pʰiɛn³¹/

/pɛt̚¹ pʰiɛn³¹/

(Hakka) north; in the north; to the north


息嫲仔

(Hakka) great-great-grandson (in a male lineage)


息嫲卵

/sɛt̚¹ ma¹¹ lɔn³¹/

/sɛt̚¹ ma¹¹ lɔn³¹/


息嫲女

/sɛt̚¹ ma¹¹ n̩³¹/

/sɛt̚¹ ma¹¹ n̩³¹/


著雷

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ luɪ¹¹/

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ luɪ¹¹/


著用

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ iʊŋ⁵³/

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ iʊŋ⁵³/


著肉

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ ŋiʊk̚¹/

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ ŋiʊk̚¹/


鑿仔

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ e³¹/

/t͡sʰak̚²⁴⁻² a⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰak̚⁴⁻³² a⁴¹/

/t͡sʰak̚⁴⁻³² a⁵³/

/t͡sʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ e³¹/

/t͡sʰak̚²⁴⁻² a⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰak̚⁴⁻³² a⁴¹/

/t͡sʰak̚⁴⁻³² a⁵³/

/t͡sʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ a⁵³/

(dialectal Cantonese, Lichuan Gan, Hakka, Northern Min, Southern Min) chisel


捉人仔

/t͡sɔk̚¹ ŋin¹¹ ne³¹/

/t͡sɔk̚¹ ŋin¹¹ ne³¹/

(Heshan Cantonese, Hakka) to play hide-and-seek


落雹

/lɔːk̚² pɔːk̚²/

/lɔk̚⁵ pʰɔk̚⁵/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ pʰauʔ⁴/

/loʔ⁴⁻² pʰak̚⁴/

/lɔ³³ tʰak̚²/

/lɔːk̚² pɔːk̚²/

/lɔk̚⁵ pʰɔk̚⁵/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ pʰauʔ⁴/

/loʔ⁴⁻² pʰak̚⁴/

/lɔ³³ tʰak̚²/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min) to hail


落酵

(Hakka) to yeast; to add yeast to ferment


赤湯茶

/t͡sʰak̚¹ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/

/t͡sʰak̚¹ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/


白好事

(Hakka, euphemistic) funeral; funeral arrangements


出目汁

/t͡ʃʰut⁵⁻² muk⁵⁻² t͡ʃip⁵/

/t͡sʰut̚¹ mʊk̚¹ t͡səp̚¹/

/t͡ʃʰut⁵⁻² muk⁵⁻² t͡ʃip⁵/

/t͡sʰut̚¹ mʊk̚¹ t͡səp̚¹/


出柩

/t͡ɕʰy²⁴ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy²⁴ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴⁵/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Xiang) to hold a funeral procession


昨晡

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ pu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔk̚⁵ pu⁴⁴/

(Hakka, Eastern Min, Hainanese, Puxian Min) yesterday


暗錢

/am⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/

/am⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/


衫襟

(dialectal Cantonese, Hainanese, Hakka, Wenzhounese) the one or two pieces making up the front of a Chinese jacket


翻血

/pʰɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hiat̚¹/

/pʰɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hiat̚¹/


短褲仔

/tɔn³¹ fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/tɔn³¹ fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

(Hakka) shorts (trousers that do not go lower than the knees)


斷血

(Hakka) to stop the flow of blood from a wound; to staunch


穿心旁

/t͡sʰɔn⁴⁴ ɕim⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰɔŋ¹¹/

/t͡sʰɔn⁴⁴ ɕim⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰɔŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) The Chinese character component 忄.


頭一擺

/tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² pai⁵³/

/tʰau²³⁻³³ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² pai⁴¹/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sit̚⁴³⁻²¹ pai⁴²/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sek̚⁴⁻² pai⁵²/

/tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² pai⁵³/

/tʰau²³⁻³³ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² pai⁴¹/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sit̚⁴³⁻²¹ pai⁴²/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sek̚⁴⁻² pai⁵²/

(Hakka, Hokkien, Singapore Teochew) first time


打赤肋

/taː³⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³ laːk̚³/

/taː³⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³ laːk̚²/

/taː³⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³ laːk̚³/

/taː³⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³ laːk̚²/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to be naked to the waist; to be shirtless


歪命

/ʋaɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miaŋ⁵³/

/ʋaɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miaŋ⁵³/


歪俗

/ʋaɪ⁴⁴ ɕiʊk̚⁵/

/ʋaɪ⁴⁴ ɕiʊk̚⁵/

(Hakka) bad social custom; bad practice; bad cultural habit


帶魚仔

/taɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ n̩¹¹ e³¹/

/taɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ n̩¹¹ e³¹/

(Hakka) ribbonfish; cutlassfish; hairtail; beltfish (family Trichiuridae)


黏時

/ŋi̯am¹¹ sɨ¹¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ sɨ¹¹/


黏皮

/ŋi̯am¹¹ pʰi¹¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ pʰi¹¹/


跈等

/tʰɛn¹¹ tɛn³¹/

/tʰɛn¹¹ tɛn³¹/


掩跛骨

/iam³¹ paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kut̚¹/

/iam³¹ paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kut̚¹/


胸前骨

/hiʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹ kut̚¹/

/hiʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹ kut̚¹/


恁樣

/an³¹ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁵⁵ ŋioŋ⁵⁵/

/an³¹ ŋiɔŋ⁵³/

/an³¹ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁵⁵ ŋioŋ⁵⁵/

/an³¹ ŋiɔŋ⁵³/

It can't be done this way. / This won't work.

恁樣唔得。

恁样唔得。


恁樣

/an³¹ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁵⁵ ŋioŋ⁵⁵/

/an³¹ ŋiɔŋ⁵³/

/an³¹ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁵⁵ ŋioŋ⁵⁵/

/an³¹ ŋiɔŋ⁵³/

When writing Chinese calligraphy, the brush should be held straight like this!

Siá thai-sṳ súi-pit oi khià chang, chhiong án-ngiòng khià!

寫大字水筆愛擎正，像恁樣擎！

写大字水笔爱擎正，像恁样擎！

(Hakka) like this; in this way; so (modifies verbs)


恁呢

This is not the right way to play chess.

捉棋唔係恁呢捉个。

捉棋唔系恁呢捉个。


山牯

/san⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ku³¹/

/san⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ku³¹/


前背

/t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹ poɪ⁵³/

/t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹ poɪ⁵³/


一年到暗

/it̚¹ ŋian¹¹ tau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ am⁵³/

/it̚¹ ŋian¹¹ tau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ am⁵³/

(Hakka) throughout the year; all the year round


上擺

/ʃoŋ³³ pai²⁴/

/sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ paɪ³¹/

/ʃoŋ³³ pai²⁴/

/sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ paɪ³¹/


六七

/liʊk̚¹ t͡ɕʰit̚¹/

/liʊk̚¹ t͡ɕʰit̚¹/

(Hakka) the forty-second day after the death of someone (the sixth seventh day)


肉丁仔

/ŋiʊk̚¹ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/

/ŋiʊk̚¹ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/


肉器

/ŋiʊk̚¹ hi⁵³/

/ŋiʊk̚¹ hi⁵³/


涿雨

/toʔ⁴⁴ ɦy²³/

/toʔ⁴⁴ ɦy²³/


學老人

/hok² lo²⁴⁻³³ ŋin⁵⁵/

/hok² lo²⁴⁻³³ ŋin⁵⁵/

(Hakka) alternative form of 學佬人 /学佬人 (“person who speaks a variety of Min”)


莊下人

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/t͡soŋ⁵³ ha³³ ŋin⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/t͡soŋ⁵³ ha³³ ŋin⁵⁵/


下二擺

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ paɪ³¹/

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ paɪ³¹/


下二擺

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ paɪ³¹/

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ pai̯³¹/

/ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ paɪ³¹/


總下

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

(Hakka) all; entirely; completely; fully; totally


莊下

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵/

(Hakka) the countryside; the country; rural area


跌下頷

/ti̯et̚² ha²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋam²⁴/

/ti̯et̚² ha²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋam²⁴/


共下

/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ ha⁵⁵/

/kʰiʊŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ha⁵³/

/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ ha⁵⁵/

/kʰiʊŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ha⁵³/


做下

/t͡so²¹³⁻⁵⁵ e¹¹/

/t͡so²¹³⁻⁵⁵ e¹¹/

(Hakka, Leizhou Min) all; entirely; completely


別儕

2012, 黃翠芳 [Grace Huang], “阿奶好作 [Easy To Be A Lady]”, in 牽等你介手 [Hold Your Hands], performed by 黃翠芳 [Grace Huang]:

dienˋ doˇ fugˋ sii+ pedˋ sa zhangˇ diˋ cid gaˋ gaiˇ gaˇ chidˋ

顛倒服侍別儕正知自家个價值

颠倒服侍别侪正知自家个价值


肚褡褲

/tu²⁴⁻³³ tap⁵⁻² fu¹¹/

/tu²⁴⁻³³ tap⁵⁻² fu¹¹/

(Hakka) open-crotch pants (usually for toddlers)


烏鈕草

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

(Hakka) black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)


嶺崗

/liaŋ⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liaŋ⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/


七早八早

ㄑㄧ ㄗㄠˇ ㄅㄚ ㄗㄠˇ

ㄑㄧ ㄗㄠˇ ㄅㄚ ㄗㄠˇ

цицзаобацзао

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰit⁵⁻² t͡so²⁴⁻³³ pat⁵⁻² t͡so²⁴/

/t͡sʰit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sa⁴²⁻²⁴ pue(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² t͡sa⁴²/

/t͡sʰit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pue(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sa⁵³/

/t͡sʰit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡sa⁴¹/

/t͡sʰik̚²⁻⁴ t͡sa⁵²⁻³⁵ poiʔ²⁻⁴ t͡sa⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡sʰit⁵⁻² t͡so²⁴⁻³³ pat⁵⁻² t͡so²⁴/

(Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, Hakka, Nanning Pinghua) very early


雞公髻

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/ke⁴⁴ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ki⁵³/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/ke⁴⁴ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ki⁵³/


天光朝晨

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡seu̯²⁴ sɨn¹¹/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡seu̯²⁴ sɨn¹¹/


早知拉尿，企到天光

zau³ di¹ lai² ngiau⁴, ki¹ dau⁴ tiên¹ guong¹

zo³ di¹ lai² ngiau⁴, ki¹ do⁴ tian¹ gong¹

/t͡so³¹ ti²⁴ lai̯¹¹ ŋi̯au̯⁵⁵ kʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁵⁵ tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau³¹ ti⁴⁴⁻³⁵ laɪ¹¹ ŋiau⁵³ kʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tau⁵³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴ kuɔŋ⁴⁴/


紙炮仔

/t͡sɨ³¹ pʰau̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/t͡sz̩³¹ pʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/t͡sɨ³¹ pʰau̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/t͡sz̩³¹ pʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/


紙炮

/t͡sɨ³¹ pʰau̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃi²⁴⁻³³ pʰau¹¹/

/t͡sɨ³¹ pʰau̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃi²⁴⁻³³ pʰau¹¹/


阿姪

/aʔ³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/

/aʔ³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/

(Yangjiang Yue, Hakka, Puxian Min, Wu) fraternal nephew (brother's son)


好心著雷劈

/hou̯³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚² lɵy̯²¹ pʰɛːk̚³/

/hou̯³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚² lɵy̯²¹ pʰɛːk̚³/

no good deed goes unpunished
no good deed goes unpunished

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) no good deed goes unpunished; those who help often end up being resented by those whom they help


石卵子

/zaʔ¹¹ lø²² zz̩²³/

/zɑʔ²² lø⁵¹ t͡sz̩/

/zaʔ¹¹ lø²² zz̩²³/

/zɑʔ²² lø⁵¹ t͡sz̩/


紙鷂仔

/t͡sɨ³¹ i̯eu̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/t͡ʃi²⁴⁻³³ ʒau³³ ə⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩³¹ iau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/t͡sɨ³¹ i̯eu̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/t͡ʃi²⁴⁻³³ ʒau³³ ə⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩³¹ iau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/


糞缸

(dialectal Cantonese, Hakka) toilet; bathroom; lavatory; WC


徑杈

/kaŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰa⁵⁵/

/kaŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰa⁵⁵/

(Hakka) to impede; to obstruct; to hinder; to block


樹番薯

/su⁵³ fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ su¹¹/

/su⁵³ fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ su¹¹/

Manihot esculenta
Manihot esculenta#Translingual


樹橋

/su⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiau¹¹/

/su⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiau¹¹/


樹窿空

/su⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lʊŋ¹¹ kʰʊŋ⁴⁴/

/su⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lʊŋ¹¹ kʰʊŋ⁴⁴/


長生板

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵ paːn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pan¹¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵ paːn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ sɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pan¹¹/

† - prepared before one's death; ‡ - elegant name


腳㬹

/kœːk̚³ t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/

/kœːk̚³ t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/

(Can we date this quote?), 《英語撮要》, page 41:

They [the shoes] hurt my heels and toes.

gip⁶ dak¹ ngo⁵ ge³ goek³ zaang¹ goek³ zi² hou² tung³

挾得我嘅脚㬹脚指好痛

挟得我嘅脚㬹脚指好痛

(Cantonese, Gan, Hakka) heel (of the foot)


泥水師傅

/nɐi̯²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ siː⁵⁵ fuː²²⁻³⁵/

/nai̯¹¹ su̯i³¹ sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/nai⁵⁵ ʃui²⁴⁻³³ sɨ⁵³ fu³³/

/naɪ¹¹ suɪ³¹ sz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fu⁵³/

/nɐi̯²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ siː⁵⁵ fuː²²⁻³⁵/

/nai̯¹¹ su̯i³¹ sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/nai⁵⁵ ʃui²⁴⁻³³ sɨ⁵³ fu³³/

/naɪ¹¹ suɪ³¹ sz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fu⁵³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min) bricklayer; tiler; plasterer


生春

/saːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/sɛŋ²¹³ t͡sʰɐn²¹³/

/saːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/sɛŋ²¹³ t͡sʰɐn²¹³/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to lay eggs


耳耙仔

/ŋi³¹ pʰa¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/neiŋ⁴² pʰa³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/ŋi³¹ pʰa¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/neiŋ⁴² pʰa³³ t͡siɛ²¹/


耳珠仔

/ŋi³¹ t͡su²⁴ e³¹/

/ŋi³¹ t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/ŋi³¹ t͡su²⁴ e³¹/

/ŋi³¹ t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/


細佬哥

/sɐi̯³³ lou̯³⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lau³¹ ko⁴⁴/

/sɐi̯³³ lou̯³⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lau³¹ ko⁴⁴/


早仔

(Hakka) early season paddy; early season unhusked rice


別人家

/pieʔ⁵ ʐə̃ t͡ɕia³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ ŋin¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/biɪʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/bəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/pieʔ⁵ ʐə̃ t͡ɕia³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ ŋin¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/biɪʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/bəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

(Nanjing Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Wu) others; other people


左跛犁

左𥯟犁
左捭犁
左跛黎
左𨃅黎

/t͡so³¹ paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ laɪ¹¹/

/t͡so³¹ paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ laɪ¹¹/


地泥

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ naɪ¹¹/

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ naɪ¹¹/


洗身間

/se³¹ sɨn²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯en²⁴/

/se³¹ sɨn²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯an²⁴/

/sue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sue⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sin³³ kiɪŋ³³/

/se³¹ sɨn²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯en²⁴/

/se³¹ sɨn²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯an²⁴/

/sue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sue⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sin³³ kiɪŋ³³/

(Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien, Hakka) bathroom


洗身房

/sɐi̯³⁵ sɐn⁵⁵ fɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/se³¹ sɨn²⁴ foŋ¹¹/

/sɐi̯³⁵ sɐn⁵⁵ fɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/se³¹ sɨn²⁴ foŋ¹¹/


生松毛

/saŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ mau⁴⁴/

/saŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ mau⁴⁴/

↑ - attached to the tree; ↓ - fallen from the tree


啪紐

啪纽
啪鈕
迫紐
迫鈕
㩧紐

/paːk̚⁵ nɐu̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/paːk̚⁵ nɐu̯¹³⁻³⁵/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) snap fastener; popper


影仔

/i̯aŋ³¹ e¹¹/

/i̯aŋ³¹ e¹¹/


三畫王

/saːm⁵⁵ waːk̚² wɔːŋ²¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ waːk̚² wɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɬam³³ vak̚²¹ vɔŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ vak̚⁵ voŋ¹¹/

/saŋ⁵⁴ ua⁴² uaŋ³³/

/saːm⁵⁵ waːk̚² wɔːŋ²¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ waːk̚² wɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɬam³³ vak̚²¹ vɔŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ vak̚⁵ voŋ¹¹/

/saŋ⁵⁴ ua⁴² uaŋ³³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Jinhua Wu, Liuzhou Mandarin) the surname 王 (Wong)


運動坪

/i̯un⁵⁵ tʰuŋ⁵⁵ pʰi̯aŋ¹¹/

/ʒun³³ tʰuŋ³³ pʰiaŋ⁵⁵/

/i̯un⁵⁵ tʰuŋ⁵⁵ pʰi̯aŋ¹¹/

/ʒun³³ tʰuŋ³³ pʰiaŋ⁵⁵/


睡當晝

/soi̯⁵⁵ toŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵⁵/

/ʃoi³³ toŋ⁵³ t͡ʃiu¹¹/

/soɪ⁵³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su⁵³/

/soi̯⁵⁵ toŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵⁵/

/ʃoi³³ toŋ⁵³ t͡ʃiu¹¹/

/soɪ⁵³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su⁵³/

(Hakka) to take an afternoon nap; to take a nap after lunch


聾仔

/lʊŋ²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/lʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/sɔŋ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/lʊŋ²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/lʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/sɔŋ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/


發羊吊

/faːt̚³ jœːŋ²¹ tiːu̯³³/

/pɔt̚¹ iɔŋ¹¹ tiau⁵³/

/faːt̚³ jœːŋ²¹ tiːu̯³³/

/pɔt̚¹ iɔŋ¹¹ tiau⁵³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, medicine) to have a seizure


閉痧

/pe̞i̯⁴⁵ sa̠³³/

/pe̞i̯⁴⁵ sa̠³³/

(Wuhan Mandarin, Gan, dialectal Hakka, Xiang, medicine) to suffer from heatstroke or sunstroke


丈里婆

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴ ni⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴ ŋi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴ ni⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴ ŋi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹/


圓粄仔

(Hakka) tangyuan; Chinese glutinous rice balls


堂客

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰə³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ haːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/tan¹³ kʰɤ̞²⁴/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰə³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ haːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/tan¹³ kʰɤ̞²⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Nanxiong Zhuji Hakka, Huizhou, Xiang, non-face-to-face) wife


舞射

(Hakka) to make trouble; to stir up trouble; to be mischievous


崠頂

/tuŋ³¹ taŋ³¹/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻³³ taŋ²⁴/

/tuŋ³¹ taŋ³¹/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻³³ taŋ²⁴/


記數

/ki⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³/

/ki²¹³⁻⁵³ sou²¹³/

/ki⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siau⁴¹/

/ki⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³/

/ki²¹³⁻⁵³ sou²¹³/

/ki⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siau⁴¹/

(Eastern Min, Hainanese, Hakka, Hokkien, Puxian Min, Southern Pinghua) to record a transaction; to keep the books


緊……緊……

紧……紧……
僅……僅……

2015, “緊行緊遠 [Drifting Far And Farther]”performed by 黃子軒與山平快 [ZiXuan & Slow Train]:

The road in my imagination, drifting farther and farther, I'm drifting farther and farther

siong´ siongˇ zhung` geˇ lu⁺, gin´ hang gin´ rhan´, ngai gin´ hang gin´ rhan´

想像中的路 緊行緊遠 我緊行緊遠

想像中的路 紧行紧远 我紧行紧远

(Hakka, Longyan Min) the more ... , the more ...


燒暖

/seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ non²⁴/

/seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ non²⁴/

Now King David was old, advanced in age; and they covered him with clothes, but he could not keep warm. [NASB]

現代臺灣客語譯本 (Today's Taiwan Hakka Version), 列王紀上 (1 Kings) 1:1

Liá-sṳ̀, Thai-ví-vòng yí-kîn chhin-ló; sûi-yèn kì ke phu̍k-ngìn yung thán-é kâ chhai kì sṳ̂n-hong, kì hàn-he kám-kok m̀-la sêu-nôn.

這時，大衛王已經盡老；雖然佢个僕人用毯仔枷在佢身項，佢還係感覺毋罅燒暖。

这时，大卫王已经尽老；虽然佢个仆人用毯仔枷在佢身项，佢还系感觉毋罅烧暖。

2020, “南下列車 [Train to the South]”performed by 羅文裕 [Wing Lo]:

一杯茶添燒暖

一杯茶添烧暖

(Hakka, Datian Min, Youxi Min, Hainanese) warm


行嫁

(Hakka, of a female) to get married; to marry


行孝

/kĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hau²¹³/

/kĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hau²¹³/

(Hakka) to observe filial piety; to take on filial duties


挺鵝仔

tên³ ngo² ê³

/tʰɛn³¹ ŋo¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/tʰɛn³¹ ŋo¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

(Hakka) backstroke (a swimming stroke swum on one's back)


該仔

† - there (close to audience); ‡ - over there


瀉衰

→ English: sia suay, xia suay

/sia²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sue³³/

/sia²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sue³³/

(Hakka, Teochew, Malaysian and Singapore Hokkien) to embarrass; to disgrace


啄樹鳥

/tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiu³³⁻²¹ t͡siau⁴¹/

/tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiu³³⁻¹¹ t͡siau⁵³/

/tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiu³³⁻²¹ t͡siau⁴¹/

/tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiu³³⁻¹¹ t͡siau⁵³/


鴨公聲

/ap̚² kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/ap̚² kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

(Hakka) coarse and muddy voice due to excessive use

(Hakka) male voice going through puberty


細鵝仔

/se⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹ e³¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/

/se⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹ e³¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹ (ʋ)e³¹/


揚蝶鉸仔

/iɔŋ¹¹ iap̚⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ iap̚⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

(Hakka) hinge (device for the pivoting of a door)


落田

/loʔ⁴⁻² t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/loʔ⁴⁻² t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Teochew) to go to work in the (paddy) fields


深落

/t͡sʰɨm²⁴⁻¹¹ lok̚⁵/

/t͡sʰɨm²⁴⁻¹¹ lok̚⁵/


嘴落仔

/t͡soi̯⁵⁵ lap̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/t͡soi̯⁵⁵ lap̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

(Hakka) muzzle (device to stop an animal from biting)


棟心

/tʊŋ⁵³ ɕim⁴⁴/

/tʊŋ⁵³ ɕim⁴⁴/


香鹼

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kaːn³⁵/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kian³¹/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kaːn³⁵/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kian³¹/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Gan, Hakka, Southern Pinghua) scented soap


牛屎蟲

/ŋiu¹¹ ɕi³¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹/

/ŋiu¹¹ ɕi³¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹/


肚臍襻

/tu³¹ t͡ɕʰi¹¹ pʰan⁵³/

/tu³¹ t͡ɕʰi¹¹ pʰan⁵³/

(Hakka) umbilical cord, especially one that has fallen off


撮仔

/t͡sʰɔt̚¹ te³¹/

/t͡sʰɔt̚¹ te³¹/


撮仔賊

cod⁵ ê³ cêd⁶

/t͡sʰɔt̚¹ te³¹ t͡sʰɛt̚⁵/

/t͡sʰɔt̚¹ te³¹ t͡sʰɛt̚⁵/

(Hakka) cheat; trickster; impostor; cheater; swindler


肥牯仔

/pʰi¹¹ ku³¹ ʋe³¹/

/pʰi¹¹ ku³¹ ʋe³¹/


捧大腳

/pʊŋ³¹ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹/

/pʊŋ³¹ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiɔk̚¹/

(Hakka, dialectal Cantonese) to brownnose; to suck up; to bootlick


耕田儕

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰiɛn¹¹ sa¹¹/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰiɛn¹¹ sa¹¹/


底衫

/tɐi̯³⁵ saːm⁵⁵/

/ai⁵⁵ sam²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/toi⁵²⁻³⁵ sã³³/

/tɐi̯³⁵ saːm⁵⁵/

/ai⁵⁵ sam²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/toi⁵²⁻³⁵ sã³³/


尾車

/mei̯¹³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/bue⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/

/mei̯¹³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/bue⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) last train or bus (for the day)


尋食

/t͡ɕʰim¹¹ sət̚⁵/

/t͡ɕʰim¹¹ sət̚⁵/


油炸豆腐

/iu¹¹ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu⁵³/

/iu¹¹ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu⁵³/


撐嘴

/t͡sʰaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡soɪ⁵³/

/t͡sʰaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡soɪ⁵³/

(Hakka) to answer back (to one's parents or superiors); to talk back


頂指

/təŋ³⁵ t͡si³⁵/

/təŋ³⁵ t͡si³⁵/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Dongguan Cantonese, Hakka) thimble (a protective cap for the finger)


釣鉤仔

钓钩仔
釣鈎仔
釣鉤兒/釣鈎兒/钓钩儿

/tiau⁵³ keu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/tiɤ²¹⁻⁵³ kau⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/tiau⁵³ keu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/tiɤ²¹⁻⁵³ kau⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

(Hakka, Hokkien) hook for fishing; fishhook


釐秤

/li¹¹ t͡sʰən⁵³/

/li⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiŋ²¹³/

/li¹¹ t͡sʰən⁵³/

/li⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiŋ²¹³/

(Hakka, Teochew) small steelyard for weighing money and similar items


單髯目

/tan²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯am²⁴ muk̚²/

/tan⁴⁴ ŋiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mʊk̚¹/

/tan²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯am²⁴ muk̚²/

/tan⁴⁴ ŋiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mʊk̚¹/

(Hakka) single eyelid; monolid; upper eyelid without a crease


發大頦

/pɔt̚¹ tʰaɪ⁵³ koɪ⁴⁴/

/pɔt̚¹ tʰaɪ⁵³ koɪ⁴⁴/


𥍉爧

/ŋi̯ap̚² laŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋiap⁵⁻² laŋ¹¹/

/ŋi̯ap̚² laŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋiap⁵⁻² laŋ¹¹/


開花百竅

/kʰoɪ⁴⁴ fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pak̚¹ kʰiau⁵³/

/kʰoɪ⁴⁴ fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pak̚¹ kʰiau⁵³/


打交仔

/ta³¹ kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/ta³¹ kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

(Hakka) to come to blows; to fight; to scuffle


豹仔

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

(dialectal Cantonese, Hakka, Zhao'an Hokkien) leopard


雪屐

/syːt̚³ kʰɛːk̚²/

/syːt̚³ kʰɛːk̚²/


蝦卵

/ha⁵³⁻²¹ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/

/he²⁴⁻²² nŋ̍²²/

/he⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nɯŋ³⁵/

/ha⁵³⁻²¹ l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/

/he²⁴⁻²² nŋ̍²²/

/he⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nɯŋ³⁵/

(Hakka, Eastern Min, Southern Min) shrimp roe


湊陣

/t͡sʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰən⁵³/

/t͡sʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰən⁵³/

keep someone company
keep someone company

(Hakka) to accompany; to keep someone company


左跛仔

/t͡so³¹ paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/

/t͡so³¹ paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/


走鳥旁

/t͡seu³¹ ŋiau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰɔŋ¹¹/

/t͡seu³¹ ŋiau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰɔŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) The Chinese character component 辶.


做假

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ka³¹/

/t͡so²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ka³¹/

/t͡so²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁵²⁻²¹/

(Hakka, Teochew) to pretend; to feign; to make believe


蝲䗁絲網

/la¹¹ kʰia¹¹ sz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miɔŋ³¹/

/la¹¹ kʰia¹¹ sz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miɔŋ³¹/


墨硯盤

/mɛt̚⁵ ian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰan¹¹/

/mɛt̚⁵ ian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰan¹¹/


花扇柄

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁵⁵ pi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ san⁵³⁻⁵⁵ piaŋ⁵³/

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁵⁵ pi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ san⁵³⁻⁵⁵ piaŋ⁵³/

Bungarus multicinctus
Bungarus multicinctus#Translingual

(Hakka) many-banded krait (Bungarus multicinctus)


崖鷹

/ŋaːi̯²¹ jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋai̯¹¹ in⁴⁴⁵/

/ŋaːi̯²¹ jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋai̯¹¹ in⁴⁴⁵/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Xiang) eagle


痰筒

/tʰam¹¹ tʰʊŋ¹¹/

/tʰam¹¹ tʰʊŋ¹¹/


香口糖

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ heu³¹ tʰɔŋ¹¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ heu³¹ tʰɔŋ¹¹/


狗鬚仔

/keu³¹ ɕi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/

/keu³¹ ɕi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/


看毋起

/kʰɔn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ m̩¹¹ hi³¹/

/kʰɔn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ m̩¹¹ hi³¹/

(Hakka) to abhor; to despise; to look down on


倒樹

/tæ⁵² sz̩ʷ¹¹/

/tæ⁵² sz̩ʷ¹¹/

(Liuzhou and Yangzhou Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka, Suzhounese, Danyang Wu) to chop down trees; to chop wood


鋸屎

/ki⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩³¹/

/ki⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩³¹/


木糠

/mʊk̚² hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mʊk̚¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/mʊk̚² hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mʊk̚¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Pinghua) sawdust


酒凹仔

(Hakka) dimple (skin depression on the cheek)


酒窩子

/t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹ o³³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹ o³³ t͡sz̩³/

(Yangzhou Mandarin, dialectal Hakka, Xiang) dimple (skin depression on the cheek)


蜂竇

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐu̯³³/

/pʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ teu̯⁵⁵/

/pʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ teu̯⁵⁵/

/fuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ teu̯⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ teu⁵³/

/pʰaŋ³³⁻²³ tau²¹³/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐu̯³³/

/pʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ teu̯⁵⁵/

/pʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ teu̯⁵⁵/

/fuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ teu̯⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ teu⁵³/

/pʰaŋ³³⁻²³ tau²¹³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Pinghua, Teochew, Zhongshan Min) honeycomb (structure of cells made by bees)


癲仔

/tiɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/

/tiɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/


蛆仔

/t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/


轆架床

/lʊk̚⁵ kaː³³⁻³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/lʊk̚⁵ kaː³³ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/lɵk̚⁵⁵ ka³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰɔŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/lak̚⁵⁵ ka³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰɔŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/lʊk̚⁵ ka⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹/

/lʊk̚⁵ kaː³³⁻³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/lʊk̚⁵ kaː³³ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/lɵk̚⁵⁵ ka³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰɔŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/lak̚⁵⁵ ka³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰɔŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/lʊk̚⁵ ka⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹/


儉嘴

/kʰiaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡soɪ⁵³/

/kʰiaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡soɪ⁵³/

(Hakka) to avoid certain food (as when one is ill); to be on a diet


單仔

/tan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/

/tan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/


滑哥鬚

/ʋat̚⁵ ko⁴⁴ ɕi⁴⁴/

/ʋat̚⁵ ko⁴⁴ ɕi⁴⁴/

(Hakka) hanging moustache; moustache shaped like the character 八 (bā, “eight”)


細風

/se⁵³ fʊŋ⁴⁴/

/sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ huaŋ³³/

/se⁵³ fʊŋ⁴⁴/

/sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ huaŋ³³/


細羊仔

sê⁴ yong² ê³

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/


奶羊

/nɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/

/nɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/


細錢

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/

(Hakka) banknotes of small value or coins


細鳥仔

sê⁴ diau¹ ê³

/se⁵³ tiau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/se⁵³ tiau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/


細鬼仔

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kuɪ³¹ e³¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kuɪ³¹ e³¹/

(Hakka, endearing) child; kid (person who has not yet reached adulthood)


細老婢

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lau³¹ pʰi⁴⁴/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lau³¹ pʰi⁴⁴/


細茶

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/


細兔仔

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/


契兄弟

/kʰe⁵³ hiʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³/

/kʰe⁵³ hiʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³/


契名

/kʰe⁵³⁻⁵⁵ miaŋ¹¹/

/kʰe⁵³⁻⁵⁵ miaŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) name taken after being someone's godchild or sworn brother or sister


契哥胚

/kʰe⁵³ ko⁴⁴ pʰoɪ⁴⁴/

/kʰe⁵³ ko⁴⁴ pʰoɪ⁴⁴/


雞棲

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵⁵/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵³/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵⁵/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵³/

(Hakka) alternative form of 雞塒 /鸡埘 (“chicken coop; henhouse; roost”)


雞公髻花

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵ fa²⁴/

/ke⁴⁴ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ki⁵³ fa⁴⁴/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵ fa²⁴/

/ke⁴⁴ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ki⁵³ fa⁴⁴/

Celosia argentea var. cristata#Translingual

Celosia cristata
Celosia cristata#Translingual

(Hakka, botany) cockscomb (Celosia argentea var. cristata, syn. Celosia cristata)


哀仔

/oɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/

/oɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/


瀾丫

(Hakka) bib (item of clothing for babies)


好食鬼

/hau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡siaʔ⁴⁻² kui⁵²/

/hau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡siaʔ⁴⁻² kui⁵²/


餓癆鬼

/ŋo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lau¹¹ kuɪ³¹/

/o²¹⁻¹¹ lɒu̯¹³ ku̯e̞i̯⁴¹/

/ŋo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lau¹¹ kuɪ³¹/

/o²¹⁻¹¹ lɒu̯¹³ ku̯e̞i̯⁴¹/


屎窖

(dialectal Gan, Hakka) toilet; bathroom; lavatory; WC


稈索

/kɔn³¹ sɔk̚¹/

/kɔn³¹ sɔk̚¹/


稈菌仔

/kɔn³¹ kʰiun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/

/kɔn³¹ kʰiun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/


菜青

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰoɪ⁵³ t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰoɪ⁵³ t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴/

(Hakka) vegetable seedling (grown in concentration)


斷暗

/tʰɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³/

/tʰɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³/


唔啱

/m̩²¹ ŋaːm⁵⁵/

/m̩¹¹ ŋam⁴⁴/

/m̩²¹ ŋaːm⁵⁵/

/m̩¹¹ ŋam⁴⁴/

(Cantonese, Hakka) wrong; incorrect; amiss


跛腳仔

/pɐi̯⁵⁵ kœːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/pai̯²⁴ ki̯ok̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kiɔk̚¹ e³¹/

/pɐi̯⁵⁵ kœːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/pai̯²⁴ ki̯ok̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/paɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kiɔk̚¹ e³¹/


寄雨

/ki⁵³⁻⁵⁵ i³¹/

/ki⁵³⁻⁵⁵ i³¹/


篦仔

/pi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ie³¹/

/pi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ie³¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min) double-edged fine-tooth comb


筆套仔

/pit̚¹ tʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/pit̚¹ tʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

(Hakka) cap of a pen, pencil, or writing brush


看衰

/kʰän⁵¹ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰɔn⁵³ soɪ⁴⁴/

/kʰuã²¹⁻⁴² sue⁴⁴/

/kʰuã²¹⁻⁴¹ sue⁴⁴/

/kʰuã¹¹⁻⁵³ sue⁴⁴/

/kʰän⁵¹ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰɔn⁵³ soɪ⁴⁴/

/kʰuã²¹⁻⁴² sue⁴⁴/

/kʰuã²¹⁻⁴¹ sue⁴⁴/

/kʰuã¹¹⁻⁵³ sue⁴⁴/

(Hakka, Taiwanese and Singapore Hokkien) to abhor; to despise; to look down on


丈母哀

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴ me⁴⁴ oɪ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴ me⁴⁴ oɪ⁴⁴/


目𬏛

/mʊk̚¹ t͡sʰoɪ¹¹/

/mʊk̚¹ t͡sʰoɪ¹¹/


完年

/ʋɔn¹¹ ŋian¹¹/

/ʋɔn¹¹ ŋian¹¹/


車掣

/t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵³/

/t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵³/

(Guangzhou Cantonese, Hakka) brake (of a car, bicycle, etc.)


車限

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ han⁵³/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ han⁵³/


蓋過

/koɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kuo⁵³/

/koɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kuo⁵³/

(Hakka) to outstrip; to surpass; to exceed; to be ahead of; to overtake


退紅

/tʰu̯i⁵⁵ fuŋ¹¹/

/tʰu̯i⁵⁵ fuŋ¹¹/


打卵退

(Hakka) to shrink back; to cower; to withdraw


打退棚

/ta³¹ tʰu̯i⁵⁵ pʰaŋ¹¹/

/ta³¹ tʰu̯i⁵⁵ pʰaŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) to get away temporarily and not participate


斜王

/t͡ɕʰia⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋɔŋ¹¹/

/t͡ɕʰia⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋɔŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) The Chinese character component 𤣩.


惹岔

/ŋia⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa⁵³/

/ŋia⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa⁵³/


樓腳下

/nəu²¹ ti⁵³ ɕia²¹³⁻²¹/

/nəu²¹ ti⁵³ ɕia²¹³⁻²¹/


樓底

/lɐu̯²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

/lɐu̯²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

(Xuzhou Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Zhongshan Min) downstairs


淋肥

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Dongguan Cantonese, Hakka, Pinghua, Zhongshan Min) to apply fertilizer


臨時臨急

/lɐm²¹ siː²¹ lɐm²¹ kɐp̚⁵/

/lɐm²¹ siː²¹ lɐm²¹ kɐp̚⁵/


齧鬼

/ŋat̚¹ kuɪ³¹/

/ŋat̚¹ kuɪ³¹/


塞襠褲

/sat̚¹ nɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fu⁵³/

/sat̚¹ nɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fu⁵³/

(Hakka) pants without a slit in the crotch


種觔斗

/t͡sʊŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ in⁵³⁻⁵⁵ teu³¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ in⁵³⁻⁵⁵ teu³¹/


樓項

/leu¹¹ hɔŋ⁵³/

/leu¹¹ hɔŋ⁵³/


棚項

/pʰaŋ¹¹ hɔŋ⁵³/

/pʰaŋ¹¹ hɔŋ⁵³/


行尞

(Hakka) to take a walk; to go for a stroll


閒尞

(Hakka) to stay at home with nothing to do


放嫽

(Hakka) to have time off; to go on holidays


坐尞

/t͡sʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯au̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯au̯⁵⁵/

(Hakka) to drop in; to call at someone's home


櫼隊

/t͡siːm⁵⁵ tɵy̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡ɕiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tuɪ⁵³/

/t͡siːm⁵⁵ tɵy̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡ɕiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tuɪ⁵³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Hainanese, Pingxiang Gan) to cut in line; to jump the queue


新腳

/ɕin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kiɔk̚¹/

/ɕin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kiɔk̚¹/


田脣

(Hakka) embankment or footpath between paddy fields; ridge between fields


添忘

/tʰiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mɔŋ⁵³/

/tʰiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miɔŋ⁵³/

/tʰiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ mɔŋ⁵³/

/tʰiam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miɔŋ⁵³/


花蓼

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯au̯²⁴/

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯au̯²⁴/


新娘間

/ɕin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiɔŋ¹¹ kian⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiɔŋ¹¹ kian⁴⁴/


天光晡夜

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴ kuɔŋ⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴ kuɔŋ⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/


韶暗晡

(Hakka, including Hailu Hakka, Raoping Hakka) tomorrow night


扛轎

/koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi̯eu̯⁵⁵/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² kio²²/

/kŋ̍³³ kio⁴¹/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² kio²²/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ kio³³/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ³³/

/koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi̯eu̯⁵⁵/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² kio²²/

/kŋ̍³³ kio⁴¹/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² kio²²/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ kio³³/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ³³/

(Hakka, Hokkien, figurative) to root for someone (especially a politician) to increase their popularity


死人頭

/sei̯³⁵ jɐn²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/si³¹ ŋin¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/sei̯³⁵ jɐn²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/si³¹ ŋin¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

You numskull, we can't go this way, can't you find another?

Liá chak sí-ngìn-thèu, liá thiàu lu hàng m̀ thûng, m̀ voi von thiàu lu?

這隻死人頭，這條路行毋通，毋會換條路？

这只死人头，这条路行毋通，毋会换条路？

(Hakka, derogatory) a numskull, a dunce, one who does not react accordingly to different situations


放監

/fɔːŋ³³ kaːm⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ³³ kaːm⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to get out of jail; to be released from prison


裁錢

/t͡sʰaɪ¹¹ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/

/t͡sʰaɪ¹¹ t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/


士叻

/siː²² lɛːk̚⁵/

/siː²² lɪk̚⁵/

/siː²² lɛːk̚⁵/

/siː²² lɪk̚⁵/


搭客

/tä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/taʔ²⁻⁴ kʰeʔ²/

/tä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/taʔ²⁻⁴ kʰeʔ²/

1888, James Dyer Ball, Cantonese Made Easy, Hongkong: The 'China Mail' Office, page 22:

When does the steamer leave? There are a great many passengers.

fo² syun⁴ gei² si⁴ hoi¹ san¹ ne¹. jau⁵ daai⁶ do¹ daap³ haak³ lok³.

火船幾時開身呢。有大多搭客咯。

火船几时开身呢。有大多搭客咯。


開欠

/kʰoɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰiam⁵³/

/kʰoɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰiam⁵³/


爛賭

/lan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tu³¹/

/lan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tu³¹/


河豬箭

/ho¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiɛn⁵³/

/ho¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiɛn⁵³/


兔牯

/tʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ku³¹/

/tʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ku³¹/


兔嫲

/tʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ma¹¹/

/tʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ma¹¹/


缺嘴仔

/kʰiat̚¹ t͡soɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/kʰiat̚¹ t͡soɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/


番銀

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiun¹¹/

/fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiun¹¹/


粗茶

/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/

/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰa¹¹/


屎蛆仔

/sz̩³¹ t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/

/sz̩³¹ t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴⁻³⁵ e³¹/


屎帕

/sz̩³¹ pʰa⁵³/

/sz̩³¹ pʰa⁵³/


勺菜

/sɔk̚⁵ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/

/sɔk̚⁵ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

(Hakka) chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)


日時毋好講人，暗時毋好講鬼

head

日時毋好講人，暗時毋好講鬼

日时毋好讲人，暗时毋好讲鬼

[in the] day, don't speak ill of people, [and in the] night, don't speak ill of ghosts

ngid⁵ si² m² ho³ gong³ ngin², am⁴ si² m² ho³ gong³ gui³

/ŋit̚² sɨ¹¹ m¹¹ ho³¹ koŋ³¹ ŋin¹¹ am⁵⁵ sɨ¹¹ m¹¹ ho³¹ koŋ³¹ gu̯i³¹/

a closed mouth catches no flies
a closed mouth catches no flies


年到二十七，過年差三日

ngian² do⁴ ngi⁴ sib⁶ qid⁵, go⁴ ngian² ca¹ sam¹ ngid⁵

/ŋi̯en¹¹ to⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵ t͡sʰit̚² ko⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹ t͡sʰa²⁴⁻¹¹ sam²⁴ ŋit̚²/

/ŋi̯an¹¹ to⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵ t͡sʰit̚² ko⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹ t͡sʰa²⁴⁻¹¹ sam²⁴ ŋit̚²/

(Hakka) Waiting for Chinese New Year, everyone is eager.


陂塘

/peɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰi³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/pei̯⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/pi²⁴ tʰoŋ¹¹/

/pi⁵³ tʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/pi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰɔŋ¹¹/

/peɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰi³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/pei̯⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/pi²⁴ tʰoŋ¹¹/

/pi⁵³ tʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/pi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰɔŋ¹¹/


蓮塘

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/liːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/liːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/


菜乾

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ kɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kuã³³/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰe³³ kø⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ kɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kuã³³/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ kuã⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰe³³ kø⁴⁴/

菜乾湯／菜干汤 [Cantonese] ― coi³ gon¹ tong¹ [Jyutping] ― dried bok choy soup

(Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Wu) dried vegetable


十七十八無醜女

/sɨp̚⁵ t͡sʰit̚² sɨp̚⁵ pat̚² mo¹¹ t͡sʰu³¹ ŋ̍³¹/

(Hakka) young women are always attractive


竹棍仔

/t͡sʊk̚¹ kun⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

/t͡sʊk̚¹ kun⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/


相認賴仔

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin⁵³⁻⁵⁵ laɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin⁵³⁻⁵⁵ laɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/


唔著

/m̩²¹ t͡sœːk̚²/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ tioʔ⁴/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ tieʔ⁴/

/m̩²¹ t͡sœːk̚²/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ tioʔ⁴/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ tieʔ⁴/

當我唔著啦。

当我唔着啦。

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) wrong; incorrect


翠仔

/t͡sʰuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/t͡sʰuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/


對仔

/tuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/tuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

(Hakka) antithetical couplet, often consisting of two lines of verse written vertically down the opposing sides of a doorway


窿仔

/lʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/

/lʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/


竹帽

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ mou̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ mou̯²²⁻³⁵/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) Asian conical hat


風飛船

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ pi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔn¹¹/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ pi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔn¹¹/


風飛

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ pi⁴⁴/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ pi⁴⁴/


陽錫皮

/iɔŋ¹¹ ɕiak̚¹ pʰi¹¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ ɕiak̚¹ pʰi¹¹/


馬鮫魚

/maː¹³ kaːu̯⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/ma⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ n̩¹¹/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ kau³³⁻²³ hɯ⁵⁵/

/mo²² kɔ⁵⁵ ŋ̍²¹/

/maː¹³ kaːu̯⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/ma⁴⁴ kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ n̩¹¹/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ kau³³⁻²³ hɯ⁵⁵/

/mo²² kɔ⁵⁵ ŋ̍²¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Shanghainese) Spanish mackerel


兜尿

/teu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiau⁵³/

/teu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiau⁵³/

(Hakka, Teochew) to help with urinating (of a child, invalid, etc.); to hold a baby while it urinates


八字鬚

/pat̚¹ sz̩⁵³ ɕi⁴⁴/

/pat̚¹ sz̩⁵³ ɕi⁴⁴/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Pinghua, Wu) hanging moustache; moustache shaped like the character 八 (bā, “eight”)


挷索仔

/paŋ²⁴ sok̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔk̚¹ e³¹/

/paŋ²⁴ sok̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔk̚¹ e³¹/


腔頭

/kʰi̯oŋ²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/kʰi̯oŋ²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/

(Hakka) tone of voice; tone; intonation; accent


遶街

/lau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯e²⁴/

/lau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯ai̯²⁴/

/lau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯e²⁴/

/lau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯ai̯²⁴/

(Hakka) to stroll around the streets; to loiter on the street


硯盤

/ian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰan¹¹/

/ian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰan¹¹/

(Wuhan Mandarin, Hakka) inkstone; ink slab


作棋子

/t͡sok̚² kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡sok̚² kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/


帶皮

/taɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰi¹¹/

/taɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰi¹¹/

(Sichuanese, Hakka) kelp; seaweed (Saccharina japonica)


結巴子

/t͡ɕiɛ²¹ pa⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/t͡ɕi̯e̞²⁴ pa̠³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕiɛ²¹ pa⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/t͡ɕi̯e̞²⁴ pa̠³ t͡sz̩³/

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Hakka, Gan, Xiang) stutterer; stammerer


衫領仔

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯aŋ²⁴ e³¹/

/sam⁴⁴ liaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯aŋ²⁴ e³¹/

/sam⁴⁴ liaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/


拉西

(Hakka) necktie (strip of cloth worn around the neck and tied in the front)


肥婆

/feɪ̯³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fei̯²¹ pʰɔː²¹/

/pʰi¹¹ pʰo¹¹/

/feɪ̯³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fei̯²¹ pʰɔː²¹/

/pʰi¹¹ pʰo¹¹/

(chiefly Cantonese, Hakka, Nanning Pinghua) fat woman; fatty (Classifier: 個／个 c)


花塔

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰap̚¹/

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰap̚¹/


心仔

/ɕim⁴⁴⁻³⁵ me³¹/

/ɕim⁴⁴⁻³⁵ me³¹/


蟲竇

/t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹ teu⁵³/

/t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹ teu⁵³/


槳耙

/t͡ɕiɔŋ³¹ pʰa¹¹/

/t͡ɕiɔŋ³¹ pʰa¹¹/


疤仔

/pa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ (ʋ)e³¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ (ʋ)e³¹/

(Hakka) scar (permanent mark on the skin)


鯇仔

/ʋan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/

/ʋan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/

Ctenopharyngodon idella
Ctenopharyngodon idella

(Hakka) grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)


相認哀

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin⁵³ oɪ⁴⁴/

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin⁵³ oɪ⁴⁴/

(Hakka) godmother; (nominally) adoptive mother


碟飯

/tiʔ⁴⁻² puŋ¹¹/

/tiʔ⁴⁻² puŋ¹¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) rice served with meat and vegetables on top


糧富

/liɔŋ¹¹ fu⁵³/

/liɔŋ¹¹ fu⁵³/


蝻蛇

/naːm²¹ sɛː²¹/

/naŋ³³ yɛ³³/

/naːm²¹ sɛː²¹/

/naŋ³³ yɛ³³/

For the first syllable, compare Thai เหลือม (lʉ̌ʉam, “python”) and Zhuang nuem (“python”).

(Cantonese, Liuzhou Mandarin, Hakka, Northern Min, Hainanese, Zhongshan Min, Pinghua) python; boa


琴蛇

/kʰim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sua⁵⁵/

/kʰim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sua⁵⁵/

So named because its skin is often used to make instruments.

(Hakka, Teochew, Leizhou Min) python; boa


釣海參

/tiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ hoɪ³¹ sɛm⁴⁴/

/tiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ hoɪ³¹ sɛm⁴⁴/


煙屎

/i̯en²⁴ sɨ³¹/

/ʒan⁵³ ʃi²⁴/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩³¹/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ sai⁵²/

/i̯ẽ³³ ʂʐ̩⁴¹/

/i̯ẽ³³ sz̩⁴¹/

/i̯en²⁴ sɨ³¹/

/ʒan⁵³ ʃi²⁴/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩³¹/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ sai⁵²/

/i̯ẽ³³ ʂʐ̩⁴¹/

/i̯ẽ³³ sz̩⁴¹/


狗爪旁

/keu³¹ t͡sau³¹ pʰɔŋ¹¹/

/keu³¹ t͡sau³¹ pʰɔŋ¹¹/

(Guangxi Mandarin, Pengze Gan, Hakka, Southern Pinghua) The Chinese character component 犭, dog radical


完身

/ʋɔn¹¹ sən⁴⁴/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niŋ⁵⁵/

/ʋɔn¹¹ sən⁴⁴/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niŋ⁵⁵/


𫋂仔

/t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ie³¹/


安名

/ɔːn⁵⁵ mɛːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵘɔn³³ ᵐbiaŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/ɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miaŋ¹¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ mɛːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵘɔn³³ ᵐbiaŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/ɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ miaŋ¹¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Leizhou Min, Nanning Pinghua) to name; to give a name or title to


啱好

/ŋaːm⁵⁵ hou̯³⁵/

/ŋam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hau³¹/

/ŋaːm⁵⁵ hou̯³⁵/

/ŋam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hau³¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka) by chance; fortunately


風槍

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/


泥油

(Singkawang and Pontianak Hakka) kerosene


塘蝨

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ sɐt̚⁵/

/hɔŋ²² set̚⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ sɐt̚⁵/

/hɔŋ²² set̚⁵⁵/


電芯

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁵³ ɕim⁴⁴/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁵³ ɕim⁴⁴/

(Cantonese, Hakka) battery (device producing electricity)


影畫戲

/jɪŋ³⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵ hei̯³³/

/jɪŋ³⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵ hei̯³³/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, often dated) film; motion picture; movie


餅仔

/pi̯aŋ³¹ e³¹⁻¹¹/

/pi̯aŋ³¹ e³¹/

/piaŋ²⁴⁻³³ ə⁵⁵/

/pi̯aŋ³¹ e³¹⁻¹¹/

/pi̯aŋ³¹ e³¹/

/piaŋ²⁴⁻³³ ə⁵⁵/


姑仔

/kuː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/ku³³ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/kuː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/ku³³ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

† - father's elder sister; ‡ - father's younger sister; § - married; ≠ - unmarried; ¶ - face-to-face; ∅ - non-face-to-face

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) paternal aunt (father's younger sister)


豹虎

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/


作棋

/tɔk̚³³ kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/tɔk̚³³ kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to play chess


紙媒

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ meɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ muːi̯²¹/

/t͡sɨ³¹ moi̯¹¹/

/t͡sz̩³¹ moɪ¹¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ meɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ muːi̯²¹/

/t͡sɨ³¹ moi̯¹¹/

/t͡sz̩³¹ moɪ¹¹/

(Mandarin, Hakka) paper rolled into a thin stick used to light a pipe, etc.


腳囊

/kœːk̚³ nɔːŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/kœːk̚³ nɔːŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) calf of the leg


腳影

(Hakka, Jinhua Wu) footprint; footmark; track


腳梗

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Hakka) lower leg (part of the leg below the knee)


跳洋樓

/tʰiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹ leu¹¹/

/tʰiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹ leu¹¹/


跳洋樓

/tʰiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹ leu¹¹/

/tʰiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹ leu¹¹/


打鐵个

(Hakka) blacksmith (person who forges iron)


鐵鏟

/tʰiːt̚³ t͡sʰaːn³⁵/

/tʰiʔ²⁻⁴ t͡sʰaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

/tʰiːt̚³ t͡sʰaːn³⁵/

/tʰiʔ²⁻⁴ t͡sʰaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) spade; shovel


打腳骨

/taː³⁵ kœːk̚³ kʷɐt̚⁵/

/taː³⁵ kœːk̚³ kʷɐt̚⁵/

1912, James Dyer Ball, How to Speak Cantonese, fourth edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh, pages 222–223:

After that there was a cae of highway robbery. A woman was going over the hill to Aberdeen; and several thieves robbed her of a pair of silver-gilt earrings with jadestone drops; and jadestone hairpins and bangles were all taken from her.

sam² jyun⁴ go² gin⁶ on³ zi¹ hau⁶, jau⁶ jau⁵ jat¹ gin⁶ daa² goek³ gwat¹ ge³, jau⁵ jat¹ go³ neoi⁵ jan⁴⁻² hai² saan¹ lou⁶ heoi³ sek⁶ paai⁴ waan¹, jau⁵ gei² go³ caak⁶⁻² coeng² keoi⁵ jat¹ deoi³ dou⁶ gam¹ ji⁵ waan⁴⁻², lin⁴ maai⁴ juk⁶⁻² ji⁵ kau³⁻², juk⁶ zaam¹, gung⁶ aak³⁻², jat¹ di¹ dou¹ coeng² saai³ keoi⁵ ge³.

審完嗰件案之後、又有一件打脚骨嘅、有一個女人喺山路去石排灣、有幾個賊搶佢一對鍍金耳環、連埋玉耳扣、玉簪、共鈪、一啲都搶嘥佢嘅。

审完嗰件案之后、又有一件打脚骨嘅、有一个女人喺山路去石排湾、有几个贼抢佢一对镀金耳环、连埋玉耳扣、玉簪、共𰽞、一啲都抢嘥佢嘅。

(Cantonese, Hakka) to rob someone on the street; to mug


好食懶做

/hau̯⁵⁵ sɨt̚⁵ nan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so⁵⁵/

/hau̯⁵⁵ sɨt̚⁵ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so⁵⁵/

/hau⁵³ sət̚⁵ lan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡so⁵³/

/hau̯⁵⁵ sɨt̚⁵ nan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so⁵⁵/

/hau̯⁵⁵ sɨt̚⁵ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so⁵⁵/

/hau⁵³ sət̚⁵ lan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡so⁵³/

Some people love eating and are lazy. They stay at home and wait for their parents to provide for them.

rhiuˋ deuˋ ngin hauˇ shidˋ nanˋ zoˇ, kongˇ diˇ vug haˋ, han denˊ rha ngiong loi hiug

有兜人好食懶做 囥在屋下 還等爺娘來畜

有兜人好食懒做 囥在屋下 还等爷娘来畜

2017, 郭釗, 《HEA富學：一天只做2小時的創富方程式》, Hong Kong: 天窗出版社, →ISBN, page 180:

Just like with investing in Japanese properties, once I realized that rent collection is completely reliant on that agency in Hong Kong, I became very anxious. Maybe after making a fortune, they will love ease and be lazy, maybe they will just close down the business, or maybe they will just run off. What can I do?

zing³ jyu⁴ tau⁴ zi¹ jat⁶ bun² lau⁴⁻², jat¹ soeng² dou³ sau¹ zou¹ si⁶ ji⁴ jyun⁴ cyun⁴ ji¹ laai⁶ naa⁵ gaan¹ hoeng¹ gong² zung⁶ gaai³, ngo⁵ zau⁶ gik⁶ bat¹ on¹ sam¹, taa¹ ho² nang⁴ faat³ zo² daat⁶ hou³ sik⁶ laan⁵ zou⁶, jaa⁵ ho² nang⁴ zap¹ lap¹ bat¹ zou⁶, waak⁶ ze² gaap³ daai³ si¹ tou⁴, zam² mo¹ baan⁶?

正如投資日本樓，一想到收租事宜完全依賴那間香港仲介，我就極不安心，它可能發咗達好食懶做，也可能執笠不做，或者夾帶私逃，怎麼辦？

正如投资日本楼，一想到收租事宜完全依赖那间香港仲介，我就极不安心，它可能发咗达好食懒做，也可能执笠不做，或者夹带私逃，怎么办？

(Cantonese, Hakka) to be fond of eating and averse to work; to be piggish


硬喉

/ŋaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ heu¹¹/

/ŋaŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ heu¹¹/


雙胞卵

/suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pau̯²⁴ lon³¹/

/sʊŋ⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔn³¹/

/suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pau̯²⁴ lon³¹/

/sʊŋ⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔn³¹/


破學

/pʰo⁵³ hɔk̚⁵/

/pʰo⁵³ hɔk̚⁵/

(Hakka) to start schooling; to go to school for the first time


特事

/tʰɛt̚² sz̩¹/

/tʰɛt̚² sz̩¹/


扒船

→ Betawi: Pècun

→ Indonesian: Pecun, Peh Cun

/pʰaː²¹ syːn²¹/

/pʰa¹¹ sɔn¹¹/

/pe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sun²⁴/

/pe²³⁻³³ t͡sun²³/

/pʰaː²¹ syːn²¹/

/pʰa¹¹ sɔn¹¹/

/pe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sun²⁴/

/pe²³⁻³³ t͡sun²³/


兩爺子

/niaŋ⁵³ iɛ²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/niaŋ⁵³ iɛ²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

(Sichuanese, dialectal Hakka) father and son


老公撥扇——淒涼

/lou̯¹³ kʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːt̚³ siːn³³ t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/

/lo³¹ kuŋ²⁴ pʰat̚² san⁵⁵ t͡sʰi²⁴ li̯oŋ¹¹/

/lau³¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰat̚¹ san⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liɔŋ¹¹/

A pun on 淒涼／凄凉, which is homophonous to 妻涼/妻凉 (“the wife is cold”).


利利市市

/lɐi̯²² lɐi̯²² siː²² siː²²/

/li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³/

/lɐi̯²² lɐi̯²² siː²² siː²²/

/li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to have good luck and great prosperity


禾雀

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/

/wɔː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/vᵘɔ²² tiak̚⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/

/wɔː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/vᵘɔ²² tiak̚⁵⁵/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) sparrow (any member of the Passer genus)


還神

劏雞還神／㓥鸡还神 [Cantonese] ― tong¹ gai¹ waan⁴ san⁴ [Jyutping] ― to sacrifice a chicken to offer thanks to the gods

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Hainanese, Zhongshan Min) to redeem a vow to a deity; to thank and make offerings to a deity after having one's wish fulfilled or granted


落臺

/lɔːk̚² tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/lɔk̚⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/lo¹³⁻¹¹ tai¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻²¹ tai²⁴/

/lo(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ tai¹³/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ tai²³/

/lɔːk̚² tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/lɔk̚⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/lo¹³⁻¹¹ tai¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻²¹ tai²⁴/

/lo(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ tai¹³/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ tai²³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, Puxian Min, literally) to go off stage

(Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, Puxian Min, figurative) to step down (from office); to fall from a position of prestige


講牙蛇

/kɔŋ³¹ ŋa¹¹ sa¹¹/

/kɔŋ³¹ ŋa¹¹ sa¹¹/


乃係

/naːi̯¹³ hɐi̯²²/

/naːi̯¹³ hɐi̯²²/

1899, 馬可福音：中西字 [The Gospel according to St. Mark in English and Cantonese], page 63:

[…] for it is not ye that speak, but the Holy Ghost.

[…] jan¹ wai⁴ m⁴ hai⁶ nei⁵ zi⁶ gei² gong², naai⁵ hai⁶ sing³ ling⁴ gong² aa³.

[…]因爲〬唔係你自己講，乃係聖靈講呀。

[…]因为〬唔系你自己讲，乃系圣灵讲呀。

原來呢位教書先生陸高止，佢個真名叫做陸菲青，乃係武當派大俠，[…] [Cantonese, trad.]
原来呢位教书先生陆高止，佢个真名叫做陆菲青，乃系武当派大侠，[…] [Cantonese, simp.]
jyun⁴ loi⁴ ni¹ wai⁶ gaau³ syu¹ sin¹ saang¹ luk⁶ gou¹ zi², keoi⁵ go³ zan¹ meng⁴⁻² giu³ zou⁶ luk⁶ fei¹ cing¹, naai⁵ hai⁶ mou⁵ dong¹ paai³ daai⁶ haap⁶, […] [Jyutping]

As it turned out, this teacher Lu Gaozhi was not a mere teacher, but a great member of the Wudang Sect whose real name was Lu Feiqing; […]

(Cantonese, Hakka, poetic) to be none other than


腳坳

/kœːk̚³ ŋaːu̯³³/

/kœːk̚³ ŋaːu̯³³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, anatomy) popliteal space


過願

(Hakka) to satisfy a craving; to enjoy oneself to the fullest; to get a kick out of something


鬆毛狗

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ mou̯²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁴⁴ mau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ keu³¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ mou̯²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁴⁴ mau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ keu³¹/


戇牯

/ŋɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ku³¹/

/ŋɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ku³¹/

(Hakka) stupid person; simpleton; fool; idiot


外江佬

/waɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɔːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵ lou̯³⁵/

/ᵑɡᵘɔi³² kɔŋ³³ lau⁵⁵/

/ŋoɪ⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lau³¹/

/ɡua¹¹ kaŋ³³⁻²³ lau⁵²/

/waɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɔːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵ lou̯³⁵/

/ᵑɡᵘɔi³² kɔŋ³³ lau⁵⁵/

/ŋoɪ⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lau³¹/

/ɡua¹¹ kaŋ³³⁻²³ lau⁵²/

(chiefly Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) Chinese person from a different province, especially one north of Guangdong


瓦蟲仔

/ŋa³¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/ŋa³¹ t͡sʰʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/


還福

/ʋan¹¹ fʊk̚¹/

/ʋan¹¹ fʊk̚¹/

(Yangzhou Mandarin, Hakka, Leizhou Min) to redeem a vow to a deity (to express gratitude)


蠟青

/laːp̚² t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/lap̚⁵ t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴/

/laːp̚² t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/lap̚⁵ t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴/


唔曉

/m̩²¹ hiːu̯³⁵/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ hiou⁵²/

/m̩²¹ hiːu̯³⁵/

/m³⁵⁻¹¹ hiou⁵²/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) to be unable to; to not know how to


細心臼仔

细心臼仔
細心舅兒
細心舅仔

/se⁵⁵ sim²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi̯u²⁴ e³¹/

/se¹¹ sim⁵³ kʰiu⁵³ ə⁵⁵/

/se⁵³ ɕim⁴⁴ kʰiu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/se⁵⁵ sim²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi̯u²⁴ e³¹/

/se¹¹ sim⁵³ kʰiu⁵³ ə⁵⁵/

/se⁵³ ɕim⁴⁴ kʰiu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

(Hakka) tongyangxi; girl adopted into a family as future daughter-in-law; child bride


生黸

/saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lu²⁴/

/saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lu²⁴/

(Hakka) to rust; to get rusty; to corrode; to oxidise


松樹葉

/t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ su⁵³ iap̚⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ su⁵³ iap̚⁵/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Hainanese, Hakka) pine needle


松毛茸

/t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ mau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʊŋ¹¹/

/t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ mau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʊŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) pine needle fallen on the ground without twigs


松蕾仔

/t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ luɪ¹¹ e³¹/

/t͡ɕʰiʊŋ¹¹ luɪ¹¹ e³¹/


孔竅

/kʰʊŋ³¹ kʰiau⁵³/

/kʰʊŋ³¹ kʰiau⁵³/


公白

/kʊŋ⁴⁴ pʰak̚⁵/

/kʊŋ⁴⁴ pʰak̚⁵/

(Hakka) great-great-grandfather (the father of one's paternal great-grandfather)


公事桌

/kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɔk̚¹/

/kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɔk̚¹/


工兵鏟

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁴⁴ pin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰan³¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁴⁴ pin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰan³¹/


窗桄

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴ kuaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴ kuaŋ⁴⁴/


銃新

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵³ ɕin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵³ ɕin⁴⁴/


東片

/tʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰiɛn³¹/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰiɛn³¹/


蜂娘

/fʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiɔŋ¹¹/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiɔŋ¹¹/


光行

/kuɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hɔŋ¹¹/

/kuɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hɔŋ¹¹/

(Hakka) expert; master; adept; experienced


羊青仔

/iɔŋ¹¹ t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/

(Hakka) lamb that weighs around twenty catties


荷蘭蔥

/ho¹¹ lan¹¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/

/ho¹¹ lan¹¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/


響灰

/hiɔŋ³¹ tʰan⁵³/

/hiɔŋ³¹ tʰan⁵³/


鄉仔

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/


鄉村肚仔

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tu³¹ ʋe³¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tu³¹ ʋe³¹/


仰仔辦

/ŋiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋe³¹ pʰan⁵³/

/ŋiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋe³¹ pʰan⁵³/

(Hakka, interrogative) What to do?; What should be done?


相拗

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ au⁵³/

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ au⁵³/

(Hakka) to wrangle; to get into a dispute; to argue; to contend


相鬥

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ teu⁵³/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ teu⁵³/


枋皮

/piɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰi¹¹/

/piɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰi¹¹/


涼樂

/liɔŋ¹¹ lɔk̚⁵/

/liɔŋ¹¹ lɔk̚⁵/


涼轎

(Hakka) sedan chair for ordinary use used in mountain regions (made with wood or bamboo, diffentiated from the bridal sedan chair)


禾倉

/ʋo¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʋo¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/


量衫

(Hakka) to measure clothes size with a ruler


兩下二

/liɔŋ³¹ ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋi⁵³/

/liɔŋ³¹ ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋi⁵³/


兩頭蛇

ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄊㄡˊ ㄕㄜˊ

ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄊㄡˊ ㄕㄜˊ

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ ʂɤ³⁵/

/lœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹ sɛː²¹/

/li̯oŋ³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ sa¹¹/

/liɔŋ³¹ tʰeu¹¹ sa¹¹/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ ʂɤ³⁵/

/lœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹ sɛː²¹/

/li̯oŋ³¹ tʰeu̯¹¹ sa¹¹/

/liɔŋ³¹ tʰeu¹¹ sa¹¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, figurative) double-faced person; someone who behaves differently in front of different people for their own interest


養蛇食雞

/i̯oŋ²⁴ sa¹¹ sɨt̚⁵ ki̯e²⁴/

/iɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sa¹¹ sət̚⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/i̯oŋ²⁴ sa¹¹ sɨt̚⁵ ki̯e²⁴/

/iɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sa¹¹ sət̚⁵ ke⁴⁴/

(Hakka) to bring trouble to oneself by inviting an enemy


光頭癩

/kuɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu¹¹ lat̚¹/

/kuɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰeu¹¹ lat̚¹/


鯽魚仔

/t͡ɕit̚¹ n̩¹¹ e³¹/

/t͡ɕit̚¹ n̩¹¹ e³¹/


衫袋仔

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/


鈒骨

/t͡saːp̚² kʷɐt̚⁵/

/t͡saːp̚² kʷɐt̚⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to lockstitch a border


樹下倒

/su⁵³ ha⁴⁴⁻³⁵ to³¹/

/su⁵³ ha⁴⁴⁻³⁵ to³¹/

Phono-semantic matching of Indonesian Suharto.

psm

(Medan (Metal - Meixian) Hakka, humorous, sarcastic) Suharto, the 2ⁿᵈ president of Indonesia


頭輪

/tʰe³³ lœyŋ³³/

/tʰau⁵³⁻³³ l̃uŋ⁵³/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ liŋ³³/

/tʰe³³ lœyŋ³³/

/tʰau⁵³⁻³³ l̃uŋ⁵³/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ liŋ³³/


閒嘢

閑嘢
闲嘢
閒野/閑野/闲野
閒惹/閑惹/闲惹
田野

/haːn²¹ jɛː¹³/

/hen²² ⁿdiɛ³³⁻³³⁵/

/haːn²¹ jɛː¹³/

/hen²² ⁿdiɛ³³⁻³³⁵/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) thing; stuff; something


共樣

/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ i̯oŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiuŋ³³ ʒoŋ³³/

/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ i̯oŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiuŋ³³ ʒoŋ³³/


做工個

/t͡so⁵³ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ke⁵³/

/t͡so⁵³ kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ke⁵³/


飯巴

/puoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ pa⁵⁵/

/puoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ pa⁵⁵/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Eastern Min) rice crust; crust of cooked rice


畫眉仔

/fa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mi¹¹ ie³¹/

/fa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mi¹¹ ie³¹/

(Hakka) Chinese hwamei (Garrulax canorus)


花蛄仔

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴ e³¹/

/fa²⁴⁻¹¹ ku²⁴ e³¹/


頸鏈

/kɛːŋ³⁵ liːn²²⁻³⁵/

/kiaŋ⁵⁵ len³²⁻³²⁵/

/kɛːŋ³⁵ liːn²²⁻³⁵/

/kiaŋ⁵⁵ len³²⁻³²⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Guangxi Mandarin) necklace (article of jewelry) (Classifier: 條／条 c)


斬狗教猴

(Hakka) to make a public demonstration of punishing a wrongdoer in order to deter innocents who might mimic the example of the wrongdoer


看輕人

/kʰɔn⁵³ kʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/kʰɔn⁵³ kʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

Most of the terms are only used for female midwives.


看輕婆

/kʰɔn⁵³ kʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹/

/kʰɔn⁵³ kʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pʰo¹¹/


看輕個

/kʰɔn⁵³ kʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ke⁵³/

/kʰɔn⁵³ kʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ke⁵³/


夠日

/kau²¹⁻⁴² d͡zit̚⁴³/

/kau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/

/kau²¹⁻⁴² d͡zit̚⁴³/

/kau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/

(Teochew, dialectal Hakka, Singapore Hokkien) the whole day; all day long


淋花

/lɐm²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/lim²² fa³³⁻³³⁵/

/lɐm²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/lim²² fa³³⁻³³⁵/


掛紙

/ku̯a⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/kua⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/

/kue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sua⁵²⁻²¹/

/ku̯a⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/kua⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩³¹/

/kue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sua⁵²⁻²¹/

(dialectal Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Teochew, Liuzhou Mandarin) to pay respects to a dead person at their grave


釃地

/saɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³/

/saɪ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵³/

(Hakka) to pay respects to a dead person at their grave


鴃舌

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ʂɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ʂɤ³⁵/

From 南蠻鴃舌／南蛮𫛞舌 (nánmánjuéshé). See there for more.

zh-l

南蠻鴃舌／南蛮𫛞舌 (nánmánjuéshé)

(Hakka) synonym of 結舌 /结舌 (“to stammer; to stutter”)


飛髮佬

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Southern Pinghua, Zhongshan Min) barber (usually male)


頭次

/tʰeu̯¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/tʰeu⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰɯ²¹³/

/tʰeu̯¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/tʰeu⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰɯ²¹³/


使費

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ feɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐi̯³⁵ fɐi̯³³/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ feɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐi̯³⁵ fɐi̯³³/

(dialectal, including Cantonese, Hakka, Muping Mandarin) expense


添油

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²³/

/tʰĩ³³ iu²⁴/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²¹ iu²³/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² iu²⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²³/

/tʰĩ³³ iu²⁴/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²¹ iu²³/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² iu²⁴/


𫟧

𫟧去𫟧轉／𫟧去𫟧转 [Meixian Hakka]

din¹ hi⁴ din¹ zon³ [Hakka Transliteration Scheme]

2023, 黃瑋傑 [Huang Wei Jie], “尋花 [Seek]”, in 目麻, performed by 黃瑋傑 [Huang Wei Jie]:

mò-thin-chho̍k, tîn-é yit thai hiân chón

毋定著 辶丁欸一大圈轉

毋定着 辶丁欸一大圈转

(Hakka) to circle, to move around in circles


鱅仔

/hiʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/ɕiʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/hiʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

/ɕiʊŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/

Hypophthalmichthys nobilis
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis#Translingual

(Hakka) bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)


靈擎

/lɛːŋ²¹ kʰɛːŋ²¹/

/lɛːŋ²¹ kʰɛːŋ²¹/

This cold medication is quite effective. After a couple of doses, I immediately felt much better.

ni¹ zek³ gam² mou⁶ joek⁶ dou¹ gei² leng⁴ keng⁴ wo³, sik⁶ zo² loeng⁵ zai¹ dong¹ tong⁴ syu¹ fuk⁶ di¹.

呢隻感冒藥都幾靈擎喎，食咗兩劑當堂舒服啲。

呢只感冒药都几灵擎㖞，食咗两剂当堂舒服啲。

(Cantonese, Hakka) effective; efficacious


汁水

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐp̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐp̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/


腎水弱

/sɨn⁵⁵ su̯i³¹ ŋi̯ok̚⁵/

/sɨn⁵⁵ su̯i³¹ ŋi̯ok̚⁵/

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(Hakka, traditional Chinese medicine) to have deficiency of the kidney


擔竿

/taːm³³ kɔːn⁵⁵/

/taːm³³ kɔːn⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka) carrying pole; shoulder pole


風流子

/fuŋ²⁴ li̯u¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/fuŋ²⁴ li̯u¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/


發癱風

/pot̚² tʰan²⁴⁻¹¹ fuŋ²⁴/

/pot̚² tʰan²⁴⁻¹¹ fuŋ²⁴/

(Hakka, medicine) to suffer from paralysis; to be paralyzed


失面子

/sɨt̚² mi̯en⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/sɨt̚² mi̯en⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

(Hakka) to lose face; to bring shame to oneself


夭壽子

/i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/(j)i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/(j)i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/


歿子弟

/mut̚² t͡sɨ³¹ tʰi⁵⁵/

/mut⁵⁻² t͡sɨ²⁴⁻³³ tʰi³³/

/mut̚² t͡sɨ³¹ tʰi⁵⁵/

/mut⁵⁻² t͡sɨ²⁴⁻³³ tʰi³³/

(Hakka, derogatory) useless person of the younger generation that is not making progress in one's studies or skills


降子

/ki̯uŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/ki̯uŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/


龍子

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯uŋ¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯uŋ¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/


茶子

/t͡sʰa¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡sʰa¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/


縱子

/t͡si̯uŋ³¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡si̯uŋ³¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

(Hakka) to spoil a child; to pamper a child


豆腐水

(Senai (Huiyang) Hakka, Pontianak Teochew) soy milk


渡子

/tʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

/tʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/

(Hakka) to raise a child; to bring up a child


子嫂

/t͡sɨ³¹ so³¹/

/t͡sɨ³¹ so³¹/

(Hakka) wives of brothers; sisters-in-law


藥材鋪

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵ pʰu⁵¹/

/jœːk̚² t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹ pʰou̯³³⁻³⁵/

/ioʔ⁴⁻² t͡sʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou²¹³/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵ pʰu⁵¹/

/jœːk̚² t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹ pʰou̯³³⁻³⁵/

/ioʔ⁴⁻² t͡sʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou²¹³/

(dialectal, including Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Hainanese, Nanning Pinghua, Teochew) shop that sells medicinal materials in traditional Chinese medicine


𤸬

(Northern Min, Eastern Min, Central Min, Zhangping Hokkien, Fujian Hakka, of a person or animal) thin; skinny


𡆇

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 口 (“mouth; colloquial”) + phonetic 鑊.
From English watt.


麻仔

/muɛ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

/muɛ³³ t͡siɛ²¹/

(dialectal Gan, Hakka, Northern Min) sesame


入屋

/jɐp̚² ʊk̚⁵/

/ŋip̚⁵ ʋʊk̚¹/

/jɐp̚² ʊk̚⁵/

/ŋip̚⁵ ʋʊk̚¹/

畀人入屋打劫


毋掣

/m̩¹¹ t͡sʰat̚¹/

/m̩¹¹ t͡sʰat̚¹/

赴毋掣

(Hakka) to not have enough time (to do something)


狗尾粟

/kɐu̯³⁵ mei̯¹³ sʊk̚⁵/

/keu³¹ mi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ɕiʊk̚¹/

/e²¹ myɛ²¹ sy²⁴/

/kɐu̯³⁵ mei̯¹³ sʊk̚⁵/

/keu³¹ mi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ɕiʊk̚¹/

/e²¹ myɛ²¹ sy²⁴/

Setaria italica
Setaria italica#Translingual

(Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min) foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

(Cantonese, Hakka, Liuzhou Mandarin, Northern Min, Hainanese) hulled grain of foxtail millet (Setaria italica)


零嗒

(Hakka) snack; between-meal nibbles (a light meal)


手扣

/sɐu̯³⁵ kʰɐu̯³³/

/sɐu̯³⁵ kʰɐu̯³³/


知得

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tɛt̚¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tɛt̚¹/

(archaic or dialectal Cantonese, Hakka) to know (something)


敨涼

/tʰɐu̯³⁵ lœːŋ²¹/

/tʰɐu̯³⁵ lœːŋ²¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka) to relax in a cool place


殺狗教猴

(Hakka) to make a public demonstration of punishing a wrongdoer in order to deter innocents who might mimic the example of the wrongdoer


詐病

/ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹⁻⁵³ piŋ⁵¹/

/t͡saː³³ pɛːŋ²²/

/t͡sa⁵⁵ pʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰiaŋ⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹⁻⁵³ piŋ⁵¹/

/t͡saː³³ pɛːŋ²²/

/t͡sa⁵⁵ pʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sa⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰiaŋ⁵³/

(formal or Cantonese, Hakka, intransitive) to feign illness; to pretend to be ill; to malinger


波碌

/pɔː⁵⁵ lʊk̚⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ lʊk̚⁵/

1902, James Dyer Ball, How to Speak Cantonese, second edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh, pages 76–77:

When shall we get Amoy pumeloes? I like them very much.

gei² si⁴⁻² jau⁵ haa⁶ mun⁴ bo¹ luk¹ ni¹? ngo⁵ hou² zung¹ ji³ sik⁶ gaa³.

幾時有厦門波碌呢？我好中意食𡃉。

几时有厦门波碌呢？我好中意食𡃉。

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, dated in standard Cantonese) pomelo


䟘身

/hɔŋ⁵³ sən⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ⁵³ sən⁴⁴/


細婆

/sɐi̯³³ pʰɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/sɛ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βo⁵³/

/ɬe⁴² ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾o¹³/

/sɐi̯³³ pʰɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/sɛ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βo⁵³/

/ɬe⁴² ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾o¹³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Eastern and Putian Puxian Min) concubine

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather

(Hakka) concubine of one's paternal grandfather


大齊家

/tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰe¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰe¹¹ ka⁴⁴/


湖洋田

/fu¹¹ iɔŋ¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/fu¹¹ iɔŋ¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

(Hakka) field filled with water up to one's knee


淰淰

/ʂən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm³⁵ sɐm³⁵/

/ʂən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm³⁵ sɐm³⁵/

/nɐm²² nɐm²²/

/nɐm²² nɐm²²/

(Can we date this quote?), “快樂希望”, 饒瑞軍 (lyrics), 織田哲郎 [Tetsurō Oda] (music), performed by 龔心怡, cover of ゆめいっぱい [Yume Ippai]:

chṳ́m-thèu táng-poi tôi tén nêm-nêm ngài ke mung-sióng

枕頭頂背 堆等淰淰𠊎個夢想

枕头顶背 堆等淰淰𠊎个梦想


掛雨

/kua⁵³⁻⁵⁵ i³¹/

/kua⁵³⁻⁵⁵ i³¹/

(Hakka) to go out in the rain; to brave the rain


無根無據

(Hakka) mere verbal statement is no guarantee


下晏

/haː²² aːn³³/

/haː²² aːn³³/


信肉

/sɵn³³ jʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/sɵn³³ jʊk̚²/

/ɕin⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋiʊk̚¹/

/seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ nek̚⁴/

/sɵn³³ jʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/sɵn³³ jʊk̚²/

/ɕin⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋiʊk̚¹/

/seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ nek̚⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Pinghua, Southern Wu) written letter in an envelope


爭差

/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ t͡sʰa³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ t͡sʰa³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

(Hakka, Hokkien) to differ (from each other)


所爭

(Hakka) difference; problem; discrepancy


定定仔

/tʰin³³ tʰin³³ ə⁵⁵/

/tʰin³³ tʰin³³ ə⁵⁵/


爪癢

/t͡sau̯³¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau³¹ iɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sau̯³¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau³¹ iɔŋ⁴⁴/


手鐐

/sɐu̯³⁵ liːu̯²¹/

/sɐu̯³⁵ liːu̯²¹/

(Cantonese, Lichuan Gan, Hakka, Zhongshan Min, Pinghua) handcuffs


冬至羊，夏至狗

/tʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹ ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ keu³¹/

(Hakka) eat mutton on winter solstice and dog meat on summer solstice


走醒

/t͡sau⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰẽ⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡sau⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰẽ⁵²⁻²¹/