cucurbita

cucurbita f (genitive cucurbitae); first declension

cucurbitae (genitive)
cucurbita (nominative singular)
cucurbitae (nominative plural)
cucurbitae (genitive singular)
cucurbitārum (genitive plural)
cucurbitae (dative singular)
cucurbitīs (dative plural)
cucurbitam (accusative singular)
cucurbitās (accusative plural)
cucurbitā (ablative singular)
cucurbitīs (ablative plural)
cucurbita (singular vocative)
cucurbitae (plural vocative)

Aromanian: curcubetã

Franco-Provençal: corda, gorda

Old French: gurde, gourde

Middle French:

French: courge, gourde

→ Middle English: gourde

English: gourd

Friulian: çucje, čučhe

Italian: cocuzza, zucca

Occitan: cogorda, cocorda, gorda

Piedmontese: suca

Portuguese: cucúrbita

Romanian: curcubetă

Romansch: zitga, zetga, zücha, zucca

desc

Sardinian: curcuvica, cocorfica, cocorvica, corcoriga, colcorija, curcufica, crocoriga, tzoca

Sicilian: cucuzza

Spanish: cucúrbita

Venetan: suca, zhuca, zuca, cucucìa

→ Albanian: kulte

→ Esperanto: kukurbo

→ Old French: cucurbite (learned)

Middle French: cucurbite

→ Middle Dutch: cucurbite

→ Old English: cucurbite

Middle English: cocurbite, concurbite, cucurbita, cucurbite

English: cucurbit

→ Proto-West Germanic: *kurbit (see there for further descendants)

→ Italian: cucurbita (learned)

Possibly a loanword related to cucumis (“cucumber”), or to corbis (“basket”), corbīta (“freight vessel”). Maybe from Sanskrit चिर्भट m (cirbhaṭa, “long melon, Cucumis melo subsp. melo var. conomon syn. Cucumis melo var. utilissimus”), चर्भट m (carbhaṭa, “idem”), चिर्भटी f (cirbhaṭī, “idem”), but the mediation is unknown. Compare Old English hwerhwette.

der

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual

(Classical Latin, Late Latin, Medieval Latin) gourd, calabash (varieties of Lagenaria siceraria)

round or oval or similar varieties allowed to ripen, by which time they are inedible because they harden, and used as vessels or for making instruments

Lagenaria siceraria var. longissima#Translingual

long, snake- or cucumber-like varieties eaten unripe, similar to the modern Lagenaria siceraria var. longissima still grown in the south of Italy (in widespread terms, resembling zucchini or courgettes but with the texture of potato)

(Late Latin) bryony (with epithets meaning "wild": silvātica, silvestris, errātica)

(Late Latin) colocynth (with epithets meaning "wild": silvātica, silvestris, agrestis)


consuetudinarie

[kõːs̠u̯eːt̪uːd̪ɪˈnäːrieː]

From cōnsuētūdinārius (“customary, ordinary”) + -ē (“-ly”, adverbial suffix).

af

507 CE – 537 CE, Cassiodorus, Variarum libri XII 12.2.6


marmur

la-noun

marmur n (genitive marmuris); third declension

marmuris (genitive)
marmur (nominative singular)
marmura (nominative plural)
marmuris (genitive singular)
marmurum (genitive plural)
marmurī (dative singular)
marmuribus (dative plural)
marmur (accusative singular)
marmura (accusative plural)
marmure (ablative singular)
marmuribus (ablative plural)
marmur (singular vocative)
marmura (plural vocative)

porphireticum marmor non purpureticum marmur

[3rd–4th century, Appendix Probi, line 1:

(The correct form is) porphireticum marmor, not purpureticum marmur


computus

computus m (genitive computī); second declension

computī (genitive)
computus (nominative singular)
computī (nominative plural)
computī (genitive singular)
computōrum (genitive plural)
computō (dative singular)
computīs (dative plural)
computum (accusative singular)
computōs (accusative plural)
computō (ablative singular)
computīs (ablative plural)
compute (singular vocative)
computī (plural vocative)

Asturian: cuentu

Catalan: conte, compte, → còmput (learned)

French: conte, compte

Friulian: cont

Galician: conto, conda, → cómputo

Italian: conto, compito, computo

→ Norwegian Bokmål: konto

Portuguese: conto, → cômputo

Romanian: cumpăt

Sicilian: cuntu

Spanish: cuento, → cómputo

Tagalog: kuwento

Venetan: conpito, conto, cont

→ Albanian: kumt


infanticida

īnfanticīda m (genitive īnfanticīdae); first declension

īnfanticīda (canonical masculine)
īnfanticīdae (genitive)
īnfanticīda (nominative singular)
īnfanticīdae (nominative plural)
īnfanticīdae (genitive singular)
īnfanticīdārum (genitive plural)
īnfanticīdae (dative singular)
īnfanticīdīs (dative plural)
īnfanticīdam (accusative singular)
īnfanticīdās (accusative plural)
īnfanticīdā (ablative singular)
īnfanticīdīs (ablative plural)
īnfanticīda (singular vocative)
īnfanticīdae (plural vocative)

[ĩːfän̪t̪ɪˈkiːd̪ä]

[iɱfän̪t̪iˈt͡ʃiːd̪ä]

(Late Latin) a child-murderer, an infanticide


infoco

la-verb

īnfocō (present infinitive īnfocāre, perfect active īnfocāvī, supine īnfocātum); first conjugation

īnfocō (canonical)
īnfocāre (infinitive present)
īnfocāvī (active perfect)
īnfocātum (supine)
īnfocō (active first-person indicative present singular)
īnfocās (active indicative present second-person singular)
īnfocat (active indicative present singular third-person)
īnfocāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
īnfocātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
īnfocant (active indicative plural present third-person)
īnfocābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
īnfocābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
īnfocābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
īnfocābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
īnfocābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
īnfocābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
īnfocābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
īnfocābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
īnfocābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
īnfocābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
īnfocābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
īnfocābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
īnfocāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
īnfocāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
īnfocāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
īnfocāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
īnfocāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
īnfocāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
īnfocāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
īnfocāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
īnfocāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
īnfocāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
īnfocāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
īnfocāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
īnfocāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
īnfocāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
īnfocāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
īnfocāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
īnfocāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
īnfocāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
īnfocāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
īnfocor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
īnfocāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
īnfocāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
īnfocātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
īnfocāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
īnfocāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
īnfocantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
īnfocābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
īnfocābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
īnfocābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
īnfocābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
īnfocābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
īnfocābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
īnfocābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
īnfocābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
īnfocābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
īnfocāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
īnfocābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
īnfocābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
īnfocābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
īnfocābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
īnfocem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
īnfocēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
īnfocēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
īnfocētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
īnfocent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
īnfocārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
īnfocārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
īnfocārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
īnfocārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
īnfocārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
īnfocāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
īnfocāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
īnfocāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
īnfocāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
īnfocāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
īnfocāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
īnfocāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
īnfocāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
īnfocāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
īnfocāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
īnfocer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
īnfocēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
īnfocēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
īnfocēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
īnfocentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
īnfocārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
īnfocārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
īnfocārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
īnfocārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
īnfocārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
īnfocārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
īnfocā (active imperative present second-person singular)
īnfocāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
īnfocātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
īnfocātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
īnfocātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
īnfocantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
īnfocāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
īnfocāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
īnfocātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
īnfocātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
īnfocantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
īnfocāre (active infinitive present)
īnfocārī (infinitive passive present)
īnfocāns (active participle present)
īnfocātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
īnfocātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
īnfocātūrus (active future participle)
īnfocandus (future participle passive)
īnfocāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
īnfocātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
īnfocātus (participle passive perfect)
īnfocātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
īnfocātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
īnfocandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
īnfocandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
īnfocandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
īnfocandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
īnfocātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
īnfocātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: nfucari

Romanian: înfoca

Italo-Romance:

Italian: inf(u)ocare

Neapolitan: nfocare

Sicilian: nfucari

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: infòya

Old French: enfouir, *enfouer, ⇒ enfoué

Middle French: enfouer

Ibero-Romance:

Portuguese: enfogar

Spanish: enfogar

From in- + focus ("fire", originally "hearth") + -ō (verb-forming suffix). Attested from the sixth century CE.


oligarcha

la-noun

oligarcha m (genitive oligarchae); first declension

oligarchae (genitive)
oligarcha (nominative singular)
oligarchae (nominative plural)
oligarchae (genitive singular)
oligarchārum (genitive plural)
oligarchae (dative singular)
oligarchīs (dative plural)
oligarcham (accusative singular)
oligarchās (accusative plural)
oligarchā (ablative singular)
oligarchīs (ablative plural)
oligarcha (singular vocative)
oligarchae (plural vocative)

Catalan: oligarca

French: oligarque

Italian: oligarca

Portuguese: oligarca

Spanish: oligarca

[ɔlʲɪˈɡärkʰä]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀλιγάρχης (oligárkhēs).


decretorius

la-adj

dēcrētōrius (feminine dēcrētōria, neuter dēcrētōrium); first/second-declension adjective

dēcrētōrius (canonical)
dēcrētōria (feminine)
dēcrētōrium (neuter)
dēcrētōrius (masculine nominative singular)
dēcrētōria (feminine nominative singular)
dēcrētōrium (neuter nominative singular)
dēcrētōriī (masculine nominative singular)
dēcrētōriae (feminine nominative plural)
dēcrētōria (neuter nominative plural)
dēcrētōriī (genitive masculine singular)
dēcrētōriae (feminine genitive singular)
dēcrētōriī (genitive neuter singular)
dēcrētōriōrum (genitive masculine singular)
dēcrētōriārum (feminine genitive plural)
dēcrētōriōrum (genitive neuter plural)
dēcrētōriō (dative masculine singular)
dēcrētōriae (dative feminine singular)
dēcrētōriō (dative neuter singular)
dēcrētōriīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
dēcrētōrium (accusative masculine singular)
dēcrētōriam (accusative feminine singular)
dēcrētōrium (accusative neuter singular)
dēcrētōriōs (accusative masculine singular)
dēcrētōriās (accusative feminine plural)
dēcrētōria (accusative neuter plural)
dēcrētōriō (ablative masculine singular)
dēcrētōriā (ablative feminine singular)
dēcrētōriō (ablative neuter singular)
dēcrētōriīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
dēcrētōrie (masculine singular vocative)
dēcrētōria (feminine singular vocative)
dēcrētōrium (neuter singular vocative)
dēcrētōriī (masculine singular vocative)
dēcrētōriae (feminine plural vocative)
dēcrētōria (neuter plural vocative)

English: decretory

Italian: decretorio

(Late Latin) Of or pertaining to a decision; decisive.


iumentum

la-noun

iūmentum n (genitive iūmentī); second declension

iūmentum (canonical neuter)
iūmentī (genitive)
iūmentum (nominative singular)
iūmenta (nominative plural)
iūmentī (genitive singular)
iūmentōrum (genitive plural)
iūmentō (dative singular)
iūmentīs (dative plural)
iūmentum (accusative singular)
iūmenta (accusative plural)
iūmentō (ablative singular)
iūmentīs (ablative plural)
iūmentum (singular vocative)
iūmenta (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

desctree

Italian: giumento
→ Romansch: giumaint
→ Sicilian: giumentu

Neapolitan: jummiento, jummenta

Sicilian: jumentu, jumenta

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: jument, jumente (sense 2)
French: jument
→ Catalan: jument
→ Franco-Provençal: jument
Norman: jeunment
→ Middle English: jument
English: jument

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: jument, jumenta

→ Portuguese: jumento, jumenta

→ Spanish: jumento

[i̯uːˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From Proto-Italic *jouksməntom, a back-formation from the plural *jouksmənta, from *jungō (“to yoke, join”) + *-mənta (suffix forming collective nouns). These elements correspond to Classical Latin iungō and -menta.

Walther von Wartburg
w:Walther von Wartburg

(Late Latin) mare, female horse (Lex Salica)


luminare

la-noun

lūmināre n (genitive lūmināris); third declension

lūmināre (canonical neuter)
lūmināris (genitive)
lūmināre (nominative singular)
lūmināria (nominative plural)
lūmināris (genitive singular)
lūminārium (genitive plural)
lūminārī (dative singular)
lūmināribus (dative plural)
lūmināre (accusative singular)
lūmināria (accusative plural)
lūminārī (ablative singular)
lūmināribus (ablative plural)
lūmināre (singular vocative)
lūmināria (plural vocative)

Aromanian: luminari, lunjinari

Catalan: llumener, llumenera

French: lumière

Galician: lumieira

Italian: luminare

Occitan: lumniera

Portuguese: lumieira, lumeeira

Romanian: lumânare

Romansch: glimera, glümera

Spanish: lumbrera

→ English: luminaria

→ French: luminaire

→ Italian: luminaria

→ Occitan: lumenaria

→ Old French: luminarie

→ English: luminary

→ Portuguese: luminária

→ Spanish: luminar, luminaria

[ɫ̪uːmɪˈnäːrɛ]

(Late Latin, in the plural) light, lamp (such as those lighted in churches in honor of martyrs)

(Late Latin, in the plural) A luminary; especially a heavenly body.


proba

proba f (genitive probae); first declension

probae (genitive)
proba (nominative singular)
probae (nominative plural)
probae (genitive singular)
probārum (genitive plural)
probae (dative singular)
probīs (dative plural)
probam (accusative singular)
probās (accusative plural)
probā (ablative singular)
probīs (ablative plural)
proba (singular vocative)
probae (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: provë

Asturian: prueba

Catalan: prova

→ Dutch: proef

→ English: proof

Galician: proba

desctree

→ German: Probe
→ Macedonian: проба (proba)
→ Polish: próba, proba (Middle Polish)
→ Kashubian: próba
→ Slovincian: próba
→ Russian: проба (proba)
→ Serbo-Croatian: проба, proba

French: preuve

Friulian: prove

Italian: prova, pruova

Ladin: proa

→ Middle Low German: prove

→ Danish: prøve

→ Icelandic: prófa

→ Norwegian Bokmål: prøve

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: prøve

→ Swedish: pröva

Portuguese: prova

→ Romanian: probă

Romansch: prova, prouva

Sardinian: proa, proba, prova

Sicilian: prova

Spanish: prueba

→ Swedish: prova, prov

Venetan: próva


compater

la-noun

compater m (genitive compatris); third declension

compatris (genitive)
compater (nominative singular)
compatrēs (nominative plural)
compatris (genitive singular)
compatrum (genitive plural)
compatrī (dative singular)
compatribus (dative plural)
compatrem (accusative singular)
compatrēs (accusative plural)
compatre (ablative singular)
compatribus (ablative plural)
compater (singular vocative)
compatrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: compare

→ Old English: cumpæder

Old French: comper, conper

Middle French: comper

→ Middle English: comper

English: compeer

desctree

French: compère
→ Belizean Creole: kompeh
→ English: compere, compère
→ Greek: κομπέρ (kompér)

Italian: compare

Neapolitan: cumpà
→ English: goombah
→ Spanish: cumpa

desc

Old Galician-Portuguese: compadre, conpadre

Galician: compadre

Portuguese: compadre

Old Spanish: cuémpadre

Spanish: compadre (see there for further descendants)

Sicilian: cumpari

→ Proto-Slavic: *kъmotrъ

Czech: kmotr

Slovak: kmotor

Lower Sorbian: kmótš

Polish: kmotr

Silesian: chmotrz

⇒? *kumъ

Macedonian: кум (kum)

Russian: кум (kum)

→ Latvian: kūma, kūmas (“godparent”)

Serbo-Croatian: kȗm / ку̑м

⇒ *kuma f (“godmother”)

Macedonian: кума (kuma)

Polish: kuma

Russian: кума (kuma)

Serbo-Croatian: kuma / кума

Venetan: conpare

→ Greek: κουμπάρος (koumpáros)

(Late Latin) godfather (in relation to godchild or fellow godparent or parent)


basilicum

la-noun

basilicum n (genitive basilicī); second declension

basilicī (genitive)
basilicum (nominative singular)
basilica (nominative plural)
basilicī (genitive singular)
basilicōrum (genitive plural)
basilicō (dative singular)
basilicīs (dative plural)
basilicum (accusative singular)
basilica (accusative plural)
basilicō (ablative singular)
basilicīs (ablative plural)
basilicum (singular vocative)
basilica (plural vocative)

desctree

Old French: basile
→ Middle English: basile
English: basil
→ Indonesian: basil

→ French: basilic (learned)

Italian: basilico

Ligurian: baxaicò, baxeicò

Neapolitan: vasinicola

Portuguese: manjericão, basílico

Venetan: basegò

→ English: basil, basilicum

→ Dutch: basilicum

→ German: Basilikum

→ Hungarian: bazsalikom

[bäˈs̠ɪlʲɪkʊ̃ˑ]

Substantive of basilicus (“royal, princely”), from Ancient Greek βασιλικός (basilikós, “royal”).


obnoxius

la-adj

obnoxius (feminine obnoxia, neuter obnoxium); first/second-declension adjective

obnoxia (feminine)
obnoxium (neuter)
obnoxius (masculine nominative singular)
obnoxia (feminine nominative singular)
obnoxium (neuter nominative singular)
obnoxiī (masculine nominative singular)
obnoxiae (feminine nominative plural)
obnoxia (neuter nominative plural)
obnoxiī (genitive masculine singular)
obnoxiae (feminine genitive singular)
obnoxiī (genitive neuter singular)
obnoxiōrum (genitive masculine singular)
obnoxiārum (feminine genitive plural)
obnoxiōrum (genitive neuter plural)
obnoxiō (dative masculine singular)
obnoxiae (dative feminine singular)
obnoxiō (dative neuter singular)
obnoxiīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
obnoxium (accusative masculine singular)
obnoxiam (accusative feminine singular)
obnoxium (accusative neuter singular)
obnoxiōs (accusative masculine singular)
obnoxiās (accusative feminine plural)
obnoxia (accusative neuter plural)
obnoxiō (ablative masculine singular)
obnoxiā (ablative feminine singular)
obnoxiō (ablative neuter singular)
obnoxiīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
obnoxie (masculine singular vocative)
obnoxia (feminine singular vocative)
obnoxium (neuter singular vocative)
obnoxiī (masculine singular vocative)
obnoxiae (feminine plural vocative)
obnoxia (neuter plural vocative)

→ Catalan: obnoxi

→ English: obnoxious

→ Portuguese: obnóxio

→ Spanish: obnoxio

From ob- (prefix meaning ‘against; towards’) + noxa (“harm, hurt, injury; crime, fault, offence”) + -ius (suffix forming adjectives). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to disappear; to perish”).

af

ob-<pos:prefix meaning ‘against; towards’>

noxa<t:harm, hurt, injury; crime, fault, offence>

der

Ego tibi mē obnoxium esse fateor culpae compotem.

I confess I am liable to you, sharing the guilt.

(Old Latin, chiefly Late Latin) punishable, liable, guilty, referring to:

[…] animus in cōnsulundō līber neque dēlictō neque lubīdinī obnoxius.

c. 42 BCE, Sallust, Bellum Catilinae 52.21

[…] a spirit free in counsel, guilty of nether crime nor passion.

Proptereā ergō in suspiciōnem et odium veniēns pāgānōrum, quoniam pūblicē sacrificantēs inspiciēns stābat, et ingemiscēns ōrābat atque clāmābat, nē ūllus Chrīstiānōrum huiusmodī errōre tenērētur obnoxius.

c.''' 550 CE, Cassiodorus, Historia ecclesiastica tripartita 6.14.5 in Patrologia Latina (volume 69), Jacques-Paul Migne (editor), Paris 1865, column 1040

He came to be suspected and hated by Pagans, because he stood looking at those sacrificing in public while praying and shouting in a groaning manner, so that none of the Christians would be held guilty of this sort of error.

(with dative, ablative or genitive) a fault

Quāpropter fatendum est prīmōs quidem hominēs ita fuisse īnstitūtōs, ut, sī nōn peccāssent, nūllum mortis experīrentur genus; sed eōsdem prīmōs peccātōrēs ita fuisse morte multātōs, ut etiam quidquid dē eōrum stirpe esset exortum eādem poenā tenērētur obnoxium.

412 CE – 426 CE, Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis, City of God 13.3

Therefore it must be said that the first humans were taught that, were they not to have sinned, they wouldn't have experienced any kind of death, and that the first sinners were rewarded with death so that whatever is born of their kind be held liable to the same punishment.


omelia

la-noun

omēlia f (genitive omēliae); first declension

omēlia (canonical feminine)
omēliae (genitive)

(Late Latin) Alternative spelling of homīlia


verbalis

la-adj

verbālis (neuter verbāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

verbālis (canonical)
verbāle (neuter)
verbālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
verbāle (neuter nominative singular)
verbālēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
verbālia (neuter nominative plural)
verbālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
verbālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
verbālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
verbālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
verbālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
verbāle (accusative neuter singular)
verbālēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
verbālīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
verbālia (accusative neuter plural)
verbālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
verbālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
verbālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
verbāle (neuter singular vocative)
verbālēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
verbālia (neuter plural vocative)

English: verbal

French: verbal

Italian: verbale

Portuguese: verbal

Spanish: verbal

[u̯ɛrˈbäːlʲɪs̠]

verbum (“word”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjective-forming suffix)


anxio

la-verb

anxiō (present infinitive anxiāre, perfect active anxiāvī, supine anxiātum); first conjugation

anxiō (canonical)
anxiāre (infinitive present)
anxiāvī (active perfect)
anxiātum (supine)
anxiō (active first-person indicative present singular)
anxiās (active indicative present second-person singular)
anxiat (active indicative present singular third-person)
anxiāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
anxiātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
anxiant (active indicative plural present third-person)
anxiābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
anxiābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
anxiābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
anxiābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
anxiābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
anxiābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
anxiābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
anxiābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
anxiābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
anxiābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
anxiābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
anxiābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
anxiāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
anxiāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
anxiāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
anxiāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
anxiāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
anxiāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
anxiāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
anxiāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
anxiāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
anxiāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
anxiāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
anxiāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
anxiāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
anxiāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
anxiāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
anxiāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
anxiāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
anxiāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
anxiāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
anxior (first-person indicative passive present singular)
anxiāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
anxiāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
anxiātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
anxiāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
anxiāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
anxiantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
anxiābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
anxiābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
anxiābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
anxiābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
anxiābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
anxiābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
anxiābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
anxiābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
anxiābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
anxiāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
anxiābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
anxiābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
anxiābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
anxiābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
anxiem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
anxiēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
anxiēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
anxiētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
anxient (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
anxiārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
anxiārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
anxiārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
anxiārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
anxiārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
anxiāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
anxiāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
anxiāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
anxiāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
anxiāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
anxiāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
anxiāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
anxiāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
anxiāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
anxiāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
anxier (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
anxiēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
anxiēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
anxiēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
anxientur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
anxiārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
anxiārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
anxiārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
anxiārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
anxiārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
anxiārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
anxiā (active imperative present second-person singular)
anxiāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
anxiātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
anxiātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
anxiātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
anxiantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
anxiāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
anxiāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
anxiātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
anxiātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
anxiantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
anxiāre (active infinitive present)
anxiārī (infinitive passive present)
anxiāns (active participle present)
anxiātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
anxiātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
anxiātūrus (active future participle)
anxiandus (future participle passive)
anxiāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
anxiātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
anxiātus (participle passive perfect)
anxiātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
anxiātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
anxiandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
anxiandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
anxiandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
anxiandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
anxiātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
anxiātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Galician: ansiar

Italian: ansiare

Portuguese: ansiar

Spanish: ansiar

(Late Latin) to make uneasy or anxious, worry


lacusta

la-noun

lacusta f (genitive lacustae); first declension

lacustae (genitive)
lacusta (nominative singular)
lacustae (nominative plural)
lacustae (genitive singular)
lacustārum (genitive plural)
lacustae (dative singular)
lacustīs (dative plural)
lacustam (accusative singular)
lacustās (accusative plural)
lacustā (ablative singular)
lacustīs (ablative plural)
lacusta (singular vocative)
lacustae (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance

Aromanian: lãcustã

Romanian: lăcustă

Italo-Dalmatian

Dalmatian: argust

Italian: aligusta (obsolete), aragosta

Sicilian: lagusta

Old French: laöste, laüste, laouste

Old Occitan: langosta

Catalan: llagosta

Occitan: langosta

desctree

→ Old French: langouste
French: langouste (see there for further descendants)

West Iberian

Asturian: llagosta, llangosta

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: lagosta, langosta

Portuguese: lagosta

Old Spanish: langosta

Spanish: lagosta, langosta

Modification of Classical locusta (“locust, lobster”), likely influenced by lacertus (“lizard”) or lacus (“lake”).

(Late Latin, nonstandard) Alternative form of locusta (“locust, lobster”)


ablatio

la-noun

ablātiō f (genitive ablātiōnis); third declension

ablātiō (canonical feminine)
ablātiōnis (genitive)
ablātiō (nominative singular)
ablātiōnēs (nominative plural)
ablātiōnis (genitive singular)
ablātiōnum (genitive plural)
ablātiōnī (dative singular)
ablātiōnibus (dative plural)
ablātiōnem (accusative singular)
ablātiōnēs (accusative plural)
ablātiōne (ablative singular)
ablātiōnibus (ablative plural)
ablātiō (singular vocative)
ablātiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: ablació

→ French: ablation
→ Dutch: ablatie

→ Malay: ablasi

→ Middle English: ablacioun

→ English: ablation, ablatio

→ Norwegian Bokmål: ablasjon

→ Portuguese: ablação

→ Romanian: ablațiune, ablație

→ Russian: абля́ция (abljácija)

desc

абла́ција/ablácija

→ Serbo-Croatian: абла́ција/ablácija

→ Spanish: ablación

[äbˈɫ̪äːt̪ioː]

Ultimately from auferō (“to take away, carry off, withdraw, remove”) + -tiō (“-tion”, nominal suffix).
See also lātus, the perfect passive participle of ferō (“to carry”).


abigeator

la-noun

abigeātor m (genitive abigeātōris); third declension

abigeātor (canonical masculine)
abigeātōris (genitive)
abigeātor (nominative singular)
abigeātōrēs (nominative plural)
abigeātōris (genitive singular)
abigeātōrum (genitive plural)
abigeātōrī (dative singular)
abigeātōribus (dative plural)
abigeātōrem (accusative singular)
abigeātōrēs (accusative plural)
abigeātōre (ablative singular)
abigeātōribus (ablative plural)
abigeātor (singular vocative)
abigeātōrēs (plural vocative)

[äbɪɡeˈäːt̪ɔr]


torsio

torsio (nominative singular)
torsiot (nominative plural)
torsio (accusative nominative singular)
torsiot (accusative nominative plural)
torsion (accusative genitive singular)
torsiot (accusative genitive plural)
torsion (genitive singular)
torsioiden (genitive plural)
torsioitten (genitive plural)
torsiota (partitive singular)
torsioita (partitive plural)
torsiossa (inessive singular)
torsioissa (inessive plural)
torsiosta (elative singular)
torsioista (elative plural)
torsioon (illative singular)
torsioihin (illative plural)
torsiolla (adessive singular)
torsioilla (adessive plural)
torsiolta (ablative singular)
torsioilta (ablative plural)
torsiolle (allative singular)
torsioille (allative plural)
torsiona (essive singular)
torsioina (essive plural)
torsioksi (singular translative)
torsioiksi (plural translative)
torsiotta (abessive singular)
torsioitta (abessive plural)
torsioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
torsioni (nominative singular)
torsioni (nominative plural)
torsioni (accusative nominative singular)
torsioni (accusative nominative plural)
torsioni (accusative genitive singular)
torsioni (accusative genitive plural)
torsioni (genitive singular)
torsioideni (genitive plural)
torsioitteni (genitive plural)
torsiotani (partitive singular)
torsioitani (partitive plural)
torsiossani (inessive singular)
torsioissani (inessive plural)
torsiostani (elative singular)
torsioistani (elative plural)
torsiooni (illative singular)
torsioihini (illative plural)
torsiollani (adessive singular)
torsioillani (adessive plural)
torsioltani (ablative singular)
torsioiltani (ablative plural)
torsiolleni (allative singular)
torsioilleni (allative plural)
torsionani (essive singular)
torsioinani (essive plural)
torsiokseni (singular translative)
torsioikseni (plural translative)
torsiottani (abessive singular)
torsioittani (abessive plural)
torsioineni (comitative plural)
torsiosi (nominative singular)
torsiosi (nominative plural)
torsiosi (accusative nominative singular)
torsiosi (accusative nominative plural)
torsiosi (accusative genitive singular)
torsiosi (accusative genitive plural)
torsiosi (genitive singular)
torsioidesi (genitive plural)
torsioittesi (genitive plural)
torsiotasi (partitive singular)
torsioitasi (partitive plural)
torsiossasi (inessive singular)
torsioissasi (inessive plural)
torsiostasi (elative singular)
torsioistasi (elative plural)
torsioosi (illative singular)
torsioihisi (illative plural)
torsiollasi (adessive singular)
torsioillasi (adessive plural)
torsioltasi (ablative singular)
torsioiltasi (ablative plural)
torsiollesi (allative singular)
torsioillesi (allative plural)
torsionasi (essive singular)
torsioinasi (essive plural)
torsioksesi (singular translative)
torsioiksesi (plural translative)
torsiottasi (abessive singular)
torsioittasi (abessive plural)
torsioinesi (comitative plural)
torsiomme (nominative singular)
torsiomme (nominative plural)
torsiomme (accusative nominative singular)
torsiomme (accusative nominative plural)
torsiomme (accusative genitive singular)
torsiomme (accusative genitive plural)
torsiomme (genitive singular)
torsioidemme (genitive plural)
torsioittemme (genitive plural)
torsiotamme (partitive singular)
torsioitamme (partitive plural)
torsiossamme (inessive singular)
torsioissamme (inessive plural)
torsiostamme (elative singular)
torsioistamme (elative plural)
torsioomme (illative singular)
torsioihimme (illative plural)
torsiollamme (adessive singular)
torsioillamme (adessive plural)
torsioltamme (ablative singular)
torsioiltamme (ablative plural)
torsiollemme (allative singular)
torsioillemme (allative plural)
torsionamme (essive singular)
torsioinamme (essive plural)
torsioksemme (singular translative)
torsioiksemme (plural translative)
torsiottamme (abessive singular)
torsioittamme (abessive plural)
torsioinemme (comitative plural)
torsionne (nominative singular)
torsionne (nominative plural)
torsionne (accusative nominative singular)
torsionne (accusative nominative plural)
torsionne (accusative genitive singular)
torsionne (accusative genitive plural)
torsionne (genitive singular)
torsioidenne (genitive plural)
torsioittenne (genitive plural)
torsiotanne (partitive singular)
torsioitanne (partitive plural)
torsiossanne (inessive singular)
torsioissanne (inessive plural)
torsiostanne (elative singular)
torsioistanne (elative plural)
torsioonne (illative singular)
torsioihinne (illative plural)
torsiollanne (adessive singular)
torsioillanne (adessive plural)
torsioltanne (ablative singular)
torsioiltanne (ablative plural)
torsiollenne (allative singular)
torsioillenne (allative plural)
torsionanne (essive singular)
torsioinanne (essive plural)
torsioksenne (singular translative)
torsioiksenne (plural translative)
torsiottanne (abessive singular)
torsioittanne (abessive plural)
torsioinenne (comitative plural)
torsionsa (nominative singular)
torsionsa (nominative plural)
torsionsa (accusative nominative singular)
torsionsa (accusative nominative plural)
torsionsa (accusative genitive singular)
torsionsa (accusative genitive plural)
torsionsa (genitive singular)
torsioidensa (genitive plural)
torsioittensa (genitive plural)
torsiotaan (partitive singular)
torsiotansa (partitive singular)
torsioitaan (partitive plural)
torsioitansa (partitive plural)
torsiossaan (inessive singular)
torsiossansa (inessive singular)
torsioissaan (inessive plural)
torsioissansa (inessive plural)
torsiostaan (elative singular)
torsiostansa (elative singular)
torsioistaan (elative plural)
torsioistansa (elative plural)
torsioonsa (illative singular)
torsioihinsa (illative plural)
torsiollaan (adessive singular)
torsiollansa (adessive singular)
torsioillaan (adessive plural)
torsioillansa (adessive plural)
torsioltaan (ablative singular)
torsioltansa (ablative singular)
torsioiltaan (ablative plural)
torsioiltansa (ablative plural)
torsiolleen (allative singular)
torsiollensa (allative singular)
torsioilleen (allative plural)
torsioillensa (allative plural)
torsionaan (essive singular)
torsionansa (essive singular)
torsioinaan (essive plural)
torsioinansa (essive plural)
torsiokseen (singular translative)
torsioksensa (singular translative)
torsioikseen (plural translative)
torsioiksensa (plural translative)
torsiottaan (abessive singular)
torsiottansa (abessive singular)
torsioittaan (abessive plural)
torsioittansa (abessive plural)
torsioineen (comitative plural)
torsioinensa (comitative plural)

< Late Latin torsiō, torsiōnem, from Latin tortiō, from torqueō (“twist, turn”)

(physics) torsion (twisting or wrenching of a body by the exertion of a lateral force tending to turn one end or part of it about a longitudinal axis, while the other is held fast or turned in the opposite direction)


abigeatus

abigeātus m (genitive abigeātūs); fourth declension

abigeātus (canonical masculine)
abigeātūs (genitive)
abigeātus (nominative singular)
abigeātūs (nominative plural)
abigeātūs (genitive singular)
abigeātuum (genitive plural)
abigeātuī (dative singular)
abigeātibus (dative plural)
abigeātum (accusative singular)
abigeātūs (accusative plural)
abigeātū (ablative singular)
abigeātibus (ablative plural)
abigeātus (singular vocative)
abigeātūs (plural vocative)

Italian: abigeato

Portuguese: abigeato

Spanish: abigeato

[äbɪɡeˈäːt̪ʊs̠]


abamita

abamita f (genitive abamitae); first declension

abamitae (genitive)
abamita (nominative singular)
abamitae (nominative plural)
abamitae (genitive singular)
abamitārum (genitive plural)
abamitae (dative singular)
abamitīs (dative plural)
abamitam (accusative singular)
abamitās (accusative plural)
abamitā (ablative singular)
abamitīs (ablative plural)
abamita (singular vocative)
abamitae (plural vocative)

[äˈbäːmit̪ä]

From ab + amita (“paternal aunt; father's sister”); a diminutive of a lost baby-word of the papa-type.

compound

(Late Latin) a sister of a great-great-grandfather


ab ante

From ab (“away from”) + ante (“before”).


ab ante

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: ãnti ⇒ nãnti

Romanian: ainte ⇒ înainte

Italo-Romance:

desc

Italian: avanti, avante (obsolete, poetic) ⇒ davanti, davante

Sicilian: avanti

North Italian:

Ligurian: avànti

Romansch: avant, avon, aunz, avaunt

Venetan: vanti ⇒ invanti

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: avant

desctree

Old French: avant, avaunt
French: avant
Norman: avant
→ Middle English: avaunt

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: avant

→ Ibero-Romance:

Galician: avante

Mirandese: abante

Portuguese: avante

Spanish: avante
→ Tagalog: abante

Occitan: avant

Vulgar Latin:

*abanteāre (see there for further descendants)

*abantius

Catalan: abans

Occitan: abans

Sicilian: avanzi

et absconderunt se Adam et mulier eius abante faciem Domini Dei

c. 3rd–4th century CE, Vetus Latina, Genesis 3:8; republished as Bonifatius Fischer, editor, Vetus Latina. Die Reste der altlateinischen Bibel, volume 1, 1949, page 63:

and Adam and his wife hid themselves away from before the face of God

5th c. CE, Sergius (grammarian)

Nobody [who speaks correctly] says de post the forum', nor 'ab ante' it.

Nemo enim dicit de post forum, nemo enim ab ante.

(proscribed) away from before, in front of, before


abavia

la-noun

abavia f (genitive abaviae); first declension

abaviae (genitive)
abavia (nominative singular)
abaviae (nominative plural)
abaviae (genitive singular)
abaviārum (genitive plural)
abaviae (dative singular)
abaviīs (dative plural)
abaviam (accusative singular)
abaviās (accusative plural)
abaviā (ablative singular)
abaviīs (ablative plural)
abavia (singular vocative)
abaviae (plural vocative)

(Late Latin) mother of a great-grandfather or of a great-grandmother; a great-great-grandmother


abavunculus

abavunculus m (genitive abavunculī); second declension

abavunculī (genitive)
abavunculus (nominative singular)
abavunculī (nominative plural)
abavunculī (genitive singular)
abavunculōrum (genitive plural)
abavunculō (dative singular)
abavunculīs (dative plural)
abavunculum (accusative singular)
abavunculōs (accusative plural)
abavunculō (ablative singular)
abavunculīs (ablative plural)
abavuncule (singular vocative)
abavunculī (plural vocative)

[äbäˈu̯ʊŋkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

From ab + avunculus (“maternal uncle”); from avus (“grandfather; ancestor”).


abligurritor

abligurrītor m (genitive abligurrītōris); third declension

abligurrītor (canonical masculine)
abligurrītōris (genitive)
abligurrītor (nominative singular)
abligurrītōrēs (nominative plural)
abligurrītōris (genitive singular)
abligurrītōrum (genitive plural)
abligurrītōrī (dative singular)
abligurrītōribus (dative plural)
abligurrītōrem (accusative singular)
abligurrītōrēs (accusative plural)
abligurrītōre (ablative singular)
abligurrītōribus (ablative plural)
abligurrītor (singular vocative)
abligurrītōrēs (plural vocative)

[äblʲɪɡʊrˈriːt̪ɔr]

From abligurriō (“lick away; squander”) + -tor, from ab (“from, away from”) + ligurriō (“lick; be dainty, fond of good things”).

af

(Late Latin) A person who consumes or spends in feasting; a spendthrift.


abmatertera

la-noun

abmātertera f (genitive abmāterterae); first declension

abmātertera (canonical feminine)
abmāterterae (genitive)
abmātertera (nominative singular)
abmāterterae (nominative plural)
abmāterterae (genitive singular)
abmāterterārum (genitive plural)
abmāterterae (dative singular)
abmāterterīs (dative plural)
abmāterteram (accusative singular)
abmāterterās (accusative plural)
abmāterterā (ablative singular)
abmāterterīs (ablative plural)
abmātertera (singular vocative)
abmāterterae (plural vocative)

[ämːäːˈt̪ɛrt̪ɛrä]

From ab (“from”) + mātertera (“maternal aunt”), from māter (“mother”).

(Late Latin) sister of a great-great-grandmother; great-great-great-aunt on one's mother's side


pretio

la-verb

pretiō (present infinitive pretiāre, perfect active pretiāvī, supine pretiātum); first conjugation

pretiō (canonical)
pretiāre (infinitive present)
pretiāvī (active perfect)
pretiātum (supine)
pretiō (active first-person indicative present singular)
pretiās (active indicative present second-person singular)
pretiat (active indicative present singular third-person)
pretiāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
pretiātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
pretiant (active indicative plural present third-person)
pretiābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pretiābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pretiābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pretiābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pretiābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pretiābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pretiābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
pretiābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
pretiābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
pretiābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
pretiābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
pretiābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
pretiāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
pretiāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
pretiāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
pretiāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
pretiāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
pretiāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
pretiāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
pretiāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
pretiāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
pretiāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
pretiāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
pretiāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
pretiāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
pretiāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
pretiāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
pretiāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
pretiāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
pretiāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
pretiāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
pretior (first-person indicative passive present singular)
pretiāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
pretiāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
pretiātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
pretiāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
pretiāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
pretiantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
pretiābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
pretiābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
pretiābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
pretiābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
pretiābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
pretiābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
pretiābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
pretiābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
pretiābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
pretiāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
pretiābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
pretiābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
pretiābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
pretiābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
pretiem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
pretiēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
pretiēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
pretiētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
pretient (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
pretiārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pretiārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pretiārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pretiārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pretiārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pretiāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
pretiāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pretiāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
pretiāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pretiāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pretiāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
pretiāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pretiāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
pretiāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pretiāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pretier (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
pretiēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
pretiēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
pretiēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
pretientur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
pretiārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
pretiārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
pretiārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
pretiārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
pretiārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
pretiārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
pretiā (active imperative present second-person singular)
pretiāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
pretiātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
pretiātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
pretiātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
pretiantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
pretiāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
pretiāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
pretiātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
pretiātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
pretiantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
pretiāre (active infinitive present)
pretiārī (infinitive passive present)
pretiāns (active participle present)
pretiātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
pretiātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
pretiātūrus (active future participle)
pretiandus (future participle passive)
pretiāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
pretiātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
pretiātus (participle passive perfect)
pretiātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
pretiātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
pretiandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
pretiandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
pretiandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
pretiandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
pretiātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
pretiātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: prear

English: praise, price (both via Old French)

French: priser

German: priesen

Italian: pregiare, prezzare

Occitan: presar

Portuguese: prezar

(Late Latin) to esteem, prize, value (hold in high regard, consider valuable)


sero

serō (present infinitive serāre, perfect active serāvī, supine serātum); first conjugation

serō (canonical)
serāre (infinitive present)
serāvī (active perfect)
serātum (supine)
serō (active first-person indicative present singular)
serās (active indicative present second-person singular)
serat (active indicative present singular third-person)
serāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
serātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
serant (active indicative plural present third-person)
serābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
serābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
serābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
serābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
serābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
serābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
serābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
serābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
serābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
serābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
serābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
serābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
serāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
serāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
serāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
serāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
serāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
serāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
serāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
serāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
serāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
serāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
serāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
serāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
serāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
serāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
serāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
serāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
serāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
serāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
serāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
seror (first-person indicative passive present singular)
serāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
serāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
serātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
serāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
serāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
serantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
serābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
serābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
serābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
serābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
serābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
serābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
serābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
serābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
serābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
serāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
serābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
serābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
serābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
serābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
serem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
serēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
seret (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
serēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
serētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
serent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
serārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
serārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
serāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
serārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
serārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
serārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
serāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
serāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
serāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
serāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
serāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
serāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
serāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
serāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
serāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
serāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
serāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
serāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
serer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
serēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
serēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
serētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
serēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
serēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
serentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
serārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
serārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
serārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
serārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
serārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
serārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
serārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
serā (active imperative present second-person singular)
serāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
serātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
serātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
serātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
serantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
serāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
serāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
serātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
serātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
serantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
serāre (active infinitive present)
serārī (infinitive passive present)
serāns (active participle present)
serātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
serātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
serātūrus (active future participle)
serandus (future participle passive)
serāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
serātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
serātus (participle passive perfect)
serātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
serātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
serandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
serandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
serandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
serandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
serātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
serātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Aragonese: zarrar

Asturian: zarrar

Dalmatian: seruar, inseruor

Friulian: sierâ

Galician: cerrar

Istriot: insierà

Italian: serrare

Old French: serrer

→ English: serry

French: serrer

Portuguese: cerrar

Romansch: serrar, sarar

Sicilian: sirrari

Spanish: cerrar

Venetan: serar, sarar

From sera (“bar for fastening doors”), itself from serō (“to bind”).

(Late Latin) to fasten (with a bolt), bar, bolt


abominamentum

la-noun

abōmināmentum n (genitive abōmināmentī); second declension

abōmināmentum (canonical neuter)
abōmināmentī (genitive)
abōmināmentum (nominative singular)
abōmināmenta (nominative plural)
abōmināmentī (genitive singular)
abōmināmentōrum (genitive plural)
abōmināmentō (dative singular)
abōmināmentīs (dative plural)
abōmināmentum (accusative singular)
abōmināmenta (accusative plural)
abōmināmentō (ablative singular)
abōmināmentīs (ablative plural)
abōmināmentum (singular vocative)
abōmināmenta (plural vocative)

[äboːmɪnäːˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

(Late Latin) detestable thing, abomination


abnormis

la-adj

abnōrmis (neuter abnōrme); third-declension two-termination adjective

abnōrmis (canonical)
abnōrme (neuter)
abnōrmis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
abnōrme (neuter nominative singular)
abnōrmēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
abnōrmia (neuter nominative plural)
abnōrmis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
abnōrmium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
abnōrmī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
abnōrmibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
abnōrmem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
abnōrme (accusative neuter singular)
abnōrmēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
abnōrmīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
abnōrmia (accusative neuter plural)
abnōrmī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
abnōrmibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
abnōrmis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
abnōrme (neuter singular vocative)
abnōrmēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
abnōrmia (neuter plural vocative)

English: abnormous

Italian: abnorme

Norwegian Bokmål: abnorm

Romanian: abnorm

ab- (“from”, “away”) + nōrma (“standard”) + -is (adjective-forming suffix)

affix

(Late Latin) deviating or departing from a fixed rule or standard; abnormal, irregular, unorthodox


zinzala

la-noun

zinzala f (genitive zinzalae); first declension

zinzalae (genitive)
zinzala (nominative singular)
zinzalae (nominative plural)
zinzalae (genitive singular)
zinzalārum (genitive plural)
zinzalae (dative singular)
zinzalīs (dative plural)
zinzalam (accusative singular)
zinzalās (accusative plural)
zinzalā (ablative singular)
zinzalīs (ablative plural)
zinzala (singular vocative)
zinzalae (plural vocative)

Aromanian: tsãntsar

Italian: zanzara

Megleno-Romanian: ţănţar

Old French: cincele

Romanian: țânțar

>? Spanish: cénzalo

Venetan: sginsała, sginzała

[ˈd̪͡z̪ɪn̪d̪͡z̪äɫ̪ä]

[ˈd̪͡z̪ind̪͡z̪älä]

onomatopoeic

imitative/onomatopoetic


adiuro

la-verb

adiūrō (present infinitive adiūrāre, perfect active adiūrāvī, supine adiūrātum); first conjugation

adiūrō (canonical)
adiūrāre (infinitive present)
adiūrāvī (active perfect)
adiūrātum (supine)
adiūrō (active first-person indicative present singular)
adiūrās (active indicative present second-person singular)
adiūrat (active indicative present singular third-person)
adiūrāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
adiūrātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
adiūrant (active indicative plural present third-person)
adiūrābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
adiūrābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
adiūrābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
adiūrābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
adiūrābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
adiūrābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
adiūrābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
adiūrābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
adiūrābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
adiūrābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
adiūrābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
adiūrābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
adiūrāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
adiūrāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
adiūrāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
adiūrāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
adiūrāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
adiūrāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
adiūrāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
adiūrāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
adiūrāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
adiūrāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
adiūrāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
adiūrāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
adiūrāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
adiūrāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
adiūrāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
adiūrāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
adiūrāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
adiūrāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
adiūrāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
adiūror (first-person indicative passive present singular)
adiūrāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
adiūrāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
adiūrātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
adiūrāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
adiūrāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
adiūrantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
adiūrābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
adiūrābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
adiūrābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
adiūrābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
adiūrābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
adiūrābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
adiūrābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
adiūrābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
adiūrābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
adiūrāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
adiūrābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
adiūrābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
adiūrābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
adiūrābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
adiūrem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
adiūrēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūret (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
adiūrēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
adiūrētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
adiūrent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
adiūrārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
adiūrārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūrāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
adiūrārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
adiūrārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
adiūrārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
adiūrāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
adiūrāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūrāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
adiūrāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
adiūrāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
adiūrāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
adiūrāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
adiūrāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūrāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
adiūrāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
adiūrāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
adiūrāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
adiūrer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
adiūrēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūrēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūrētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
adiūrēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
adiūrēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
adiūrentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
adiūrārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
adiūrārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūrārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
adiūrārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
adiūrārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
adiūrārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
adiūrārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
adiūrā (active imperative present second-person singular)
adiūrāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
adiūrātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
adiūrātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
adiūrātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
adiūrantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
adiūrāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
adiūrāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
adiūrātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
adiūrātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
adiūrantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
adiūrāre (active infinitive present)
adiūrārī (infinitive passive present)
adiūrāns (active participle present)
adiūrātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
adiūrātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
adiūrātūrus (active future participle)
adiūrandus (future participle passive)
adiūrāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
adiūrātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
adiūrātus (participle passive perfect)
adiūrātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
adiūrātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
adiūrandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
adiūrandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
adiūrandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
adiūrandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
adiūrātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
adiūrātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

→ Catalan: adjurar

→ Old French: adjurer

Middle French: adjurer

→ Middle English: adjuren

English: adjure

French: adjurer

From ad- (“near, at; towards, to”) + iūrō (“swear by oath”).

affix

(Late Latin) to conjure, adjure, beg earnestly


momentarius

la-adj

mōmentārius (feminine mōmentāria, neuter mōmentārium); first/second-declension adjective

mōmentārius (canonical)
mōmentāria (feminine)
mōmentārium (neuter)
mōmentārius (masculine nominative singular)
mōmentāria (feminine nominative singular)
mōmentārium (neuter nominative singular)
mōmentāriī (masculine nominative singular)
mōmentāriae (feminine nominative plural)
mōmentāria (neuter nominative plural)
mōmentāriī (genitive masculine singular)
mōmentāriae (feminine genitive singular)
mōmentāriī (genitive neuter singular)
mōmentāriōrum (genitive masculine singular)
mōmentāriārum (feminine genitive plural)
mōmentāriōrum (genitive neuter plural)
mōmentāriō (dative masculine singular)
mōmentāriae (dative feminine singular)
mōmentāriō (dative neuter singular)
mōmentāriīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
mōmentārium (accusative masculine singular)
mōmentāriam (accusative feminine singular)
mōmentārium (accusative neuter singular)
mōmentāriōs (accusative masculine singular)
mōmentāriās (accusative feminine plural)
mōmentāria (accusative neuter plural)
mōmentāriō (ablative masculine singular)
mōmentāriā (ablative feminine singular)
mōmentāriō (ablative neuter singular)
mōmentāriīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
mōmentārie (masculine singular vocative)
mōmentāria (feminine singular vocative)
mōmentārium (neuter singular vocative)
mōmentāriī (masculine singular vocative)
mōmentāriae (feminine plural vocative)
mōmentāria (neuter plural vocative)

→ English: momentary

From mōmentum (“moment”), from moveō (“move, set in motion; excite”).

(Late Latin) brief, momentary, quick; instantaneous


pinnaculum

la-noun

pinnāculum n (genitive pinnāculī); second declension

pinnāculum (canonical neuter)
pinnāculī (genitive)
pinnāculum (nominative singular)
pinnācula (nominative plural)
pinnāculī (genitive singular)
pinnāculōrum (genitive plural)
pinnāculō (dative singular)
pinnāculīs (dative plural)
pinnāculum (accusative singular)
pinnācula (accusative plural)
pinnāculō (ablative singular)
pinnāculīs (ablative plural)
pinnāculum (singular vocative)
pinnācula (plural vocative)

→ English: pinnacle

→ French: pinacle

desctree

Italian: pennacchio (“plume”)
→ Middle French: pennache
French: panache
→ English: panache
→ Italian: panache
→ Romanian: panaș
→ Portuguese: penacho
→ Spanish: penacho

Italian: pinnacolo (“pinnacle”) (probably borrowed), (possibly) pinnacolo (“pinochle”) (borrowing)

Old French: penail

→ Portuguese: pináculo

Sicilian: pinnacchiu

→ Spanish: pináculo

[pɪnˈnäːkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From pinna (“plume, wing; parapet”). Pinnāculum appears in the Vulgate as a calque of Ancient Greek πτερύγιον (pterúgion, “pinnacle”), diminutive of πτέρυξ (ptérux, “wing”) (alternative translations of the Greek include fastīgium and pinna itself). Therefore, the end of the word appears to be the neuter form of the Latin diminutive suffix -culus. However, pinnāculum is not a regularly formed diminutive: there is an irregular change of gender from the feminine base and an unexpected -ā- between the base and the suffix. The form may have been influenced by that of nouns ending in -āculum that were derived from the instrument noun suffix -culum: the Oxford English Dictionary suggests that the form pinnāculum was possibly based on analogy with prōpugnāculum (“bulwark, rampart”), from prōpugnō + -culum.

calque

Itaque requirenda tempora praedicta et futurae nativitatis Christi et passionis eius et exterminii civitatis Hierusalem id est vastationis eius. Dicit enim Daniel et civitatem sanctam et sanctum exterminari cum duce venturo et destrui pinnaculum usque ad interitum.

c. 160 CE – c. 225 CE, Tertullian, Adversus Iudaeos 8.1


compassio

la-noun

compassiō f (genitive compassiōnis); third declension

compassiō (canonical feminine)
compassiōnis (genitive)
compassiō (nominative singular)
compassiōnēs (nominative plural)
compassiōnis (genitive singular)
compassiōnum (genitive plural)
compassiōnī (dative singular)
compassiōnibus (dative plural)
compassiōnem (accusative singular)
compassiōnēs (accusative plural)
compassiōne (ablative singular)
compassiōnibus (ablative plural)
compassiō (singular vocative)
compassiōnēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: compassió

English: compassion

French: compassion

Galician: compaixón

Italian: compassione

Occitan: compassion

Portuguese: compaixão

Romanian: compasiune

desc

сострада́ние

→ Russian: сострада́ние (sostradánije) (calque)

Spanish: compasión

From con- + passiō, calque of Ancient Greek συμπάθεια (sumpátheia).

calque

(Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) fellow suffering; sympathy, agreement, compassion


paraveredus

la-noun

paraverēdus m (genitive paraverēdī); second declension

paraverēdus (canonical masculine)
paraverēdī (genitive)
paraverēdus (nominative singular)
paraverēdī (nominative plural)
paraverēdī (genitive singular)
paraverēdōrum (genitive plural)
paraverēdō (dative singular)
paraverēdīs (dative plural)
paraverēdum (accusative singular)
paraverēdōs (accusative plural)
paraverēdō (ablative singular)
paraverēdīs (ablative plural)
paraverēde (singular vocative)
paraverēdī (plural vocative)

desctree

Old French: palefreid, palefrei, palefroi, palefroid
→ Middle Dutch: palefroot
Dutch: palefroot
→ Middle English: palfrey
English: palfrey
Middle French: palefroy
French: palefroi

Old Occitan: palafré

Catalan: palafrè, palafré (Valencia)

→ Galician: palafrén

→ Italian: palafreno

→ Portuguese: palafrém

→ Spanish: palafrén

desc

→ Ancient Greek: παραβέρεδος (parabéredos)

→ Proto-West Germanic: *parafred (see there for further descendants)

[päräu̯ɛˈreːd̪ʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek παρά (pará) + verēdus, perhaps an analogical formation to parhippus from Ancient Greek πάριππος (párippos). Cf. epiraedium (“cart, barrow”), similarly formed of a Greek prefix and a Gaulish root, which may indicate a Gallo-Greek provenance in both cases.

(Late Latin) a horse for travel off public roads or to out of the way places

(specifically) a gift of palfrey (such a horse offered as a tribute by provincials to visiting public officials)


alogia

la-noun

alogia f (genitive alogiae); first declension

alogiae (genitive)
alogia (nominative singular)
alogiae (nominative plural)
alogiae (genitive singular)
alogiārum (genitive plural)
alogiae (dative singular)
alogiīs (dative plural)
alogiam (accusative singular)
alogiās (accusative plural)
alogiā (ablative singular)
alogiīs (ablative plural)
alogia (singular vocative)
alogiae (plural vocative)

[äˈlɔːd͡ʒiä]

From Ancient Greek ἀλογία (alogía, “absurdity; confusion; irrationality; speechlessness”).


mulceo

la-verb

mulceō (present infinitive mulcēre, perfect active mulsī, supine mulsum or mulctum); second conjugation

mulceō (canonical)
mulcēre (infinitive present)
mulsī (active perfect)
mulsum (supine)
mulctum (supine)
mulceō (active first-person indicative present singular)
mulcēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
mulcet (active indicative present singular third-person)
mulcēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
mulcētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
mulcent (active indicative plural present third-person)
mulcēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mulcēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mulcēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mulcēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mulcēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mulcēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mulcēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
mulcēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
mulcēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
mulcēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
mulcēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
mulcēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
mulsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
mulsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
mulsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
mulsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
mulsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
mulsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
mulsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
mulseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
mulserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
mulserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
mulserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
mulserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
mulserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
mulserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
mulseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
mulserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
mulserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
mulseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
mulserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
mulceor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
mulcēre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
mulcēris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
mulcētur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
mulcēmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
mulcēminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
mulcentur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
mulcēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
mulcēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
mulcēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
mulcēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
mulcēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
mulcēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
mulcēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
mulcēbor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
mulcēbere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
mulcēberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
mulcēbitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
mulcēbimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
mulcēbiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
mulcēbuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
mulceam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
mulceās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
mulceat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
mulceāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
mulceātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
mulceant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
mulcērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mulcērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mulcēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mulcērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mulcērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mulcērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mulserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
mulserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mulserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mulserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
mulserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mulserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mulsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
mulsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mulsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mulsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
mulsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mulsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mulcear (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
mulceāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
mulceāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
mulceātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
mulceāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
mulceāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
mulceantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
mulcērer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
mulcērēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
mulcērēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
mulcērētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
mulcērēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
mulcērēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
mulcērentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
mulcē (active imperative present second-person singular)
mulcēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
mulcētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
mulcētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
mulcētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
mulcentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
mulcēre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
mulcēminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
mulcētor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
mulcētor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
mulcentor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
mulcēre (active infinitive present)
mulcērī (infinitive passive present)
mulcēns (active participle present)
mulsūrum esse (active future infinitive)
mulsum īrī (future infinitive passive)
mulsūrus (active future participle)
mulcendus (future participle passive)
mulsisse (active infinitive perfect)
mulsum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
mulsus (participle passive perfect)
mulsum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
mulsūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
mulcendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
mulcendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
mulcendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
mulcendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
mulsum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
mulsū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Italian: molcere

Spanish: mulcer

From Proto-Italic *molk-eje- (“to rub, stroke”), *molk-ā-, from Proto-Indo-European *m(o)lḱ-eie- (“to touch repeatedly”), see also Sanskrit मृक्षति (mṛkṣati, “to stroke, smear, rub”).

cog

Fēcerat et viridī fētam Māvortis in antrō
prōcubuisse lupam, geminōs huic ūbera circum
lūdere pendentīs puerōs et lambere mātrem
impavidōs, illam teretī cervīce reflexā

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 8.630–634

He also made the she-wolf, daughter of Mars, in a green cave
to have laid down, around her teats twin
boys to play hanging and to lick the mother
fearless, her to, with shapely neck bent back,
stroke them by turn and shape their bodies with the tongue.

mulcēre alternōs et corpora fingere linguā.

Vēr erat aeternum, placidīque tepentibus aurīs

The spring was everlasting, and, with warm breezes, the pleasant
zephyrs touched the flowers born without seeds.

mulcēbant zephyrī nātōs sine sēmine flōrēs.

to stroke, graze, touch lightly or gently

At sī cervīcēs dūrātaque cōla rigēbunt,
(mīra loquor) geminus mulcēbitur unguine poples.

2nd c. CE, Quintus Serenus Sammonicus, Liber Medicīnālis 280–281

But if the nape and the hardened neck shall be stiff,
(wondrous things I'm saying) the twin knee shall be rubbed with ointment.

mulserat hūc nāvem compulsam flūctibŭs pontus

The sea had gently moved the ship stricken by waves hither.

Septem illum tōtōs perhibent ex ordine mēnsīs
rūpe sub āeriā dēsertī ad Strȳmonis undam
flēvisse, et gelidīs haec ēvolvisse sub antrīs
mulcentem tigrīs et agentem carmine quercūs: […]

c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.507–510

Seven whole months they say of him [Orpheus],
under the tall crag, beside the wave of the deserted Strymon
to have wept, and to have said this under the icy caves,
softening tigers and moving oaks with song: […]

Nōn differō in longius tempus, quō dēsīderium omne mulcētur, quō etiam ācerrimī lūctūs residunt.

c. 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 7.63.3

I'm not putting off to any more distant time when every regret shall be soothed, when even the most intense griefs shall quieten.

Extemplō maior cūnctīs spēs pectora mulcet

c.''' 83 CE – 96 CE, Silius Italicus, Pūnica 17.46–47

A greater hope immediately soothes the breasts of all
that an end to weapons and an end to dangers may indeed come.

fīnem armīs tandem fīnemque venīre periclīs.

(figuratively) to soothe, soften, appease, placate

Ingemuit Chīrōn trāxitque ē corpore ferrum:
adgemit Alcīdēs Haemoniusque puer.
Ipse tamen lēctās Pagasaeīs collibus herbās
temperat et variā volnera mulcet ope:
vīrus edāx superābat opem, penitusque recepta
ossibus et tōtō corpore pestis erat.
Chiron groaned and drew the iron out of the body:
Alcides and the Haemonian boy groans back.

gathers and helps the wounds with diverse aid:
the greedy poison was overcoming the help, and received within
to the bones and the entire body was the pestilence.

He himself herbs gathered from the Pagasaean hills

Prīma propolis alvōrum, dē quā dīximus, acūleōs et omnia īnfīxa corporī extrahit, tūbera discutit, dūra concoquit, dolōrēs nervōrum mulcet ulceraque iam dēspērantia cicatrīcem clūdit.

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 22.50.107

First, propolis of the hives, of which we've talked about, extracts bee stings and anything embedded in the body, reduces swellings, softens calluses, alleviates pains of the nerves and closes ulcers already hopeless with a scar.

to soothe, soften, appease, placate
to help, alleviate


illi

standing on that side, belonging to that party


medialis

la-adj

mediālis (neuter mediāle); third-declension two-termination adjective

mediālis (canonical)
mediāle (neuter)
mediālis (feminine masculine nominative singular)
mediāle (neuter nominative singular)
mediālēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
mediālia (neuter nominative plural)
mediālis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
mediālium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
mediālī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
mediālibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
mediālem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
mediāle (accusative neuter singular)
mediālēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
mediālīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
mediālia (accusative neuter plural)
mediālī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
mediālibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
mediālis (feminine masculine singular vocative)
mediāle (neuter singular vocative)
mediālēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
mediālia (neuter plural vocative)

→ English: medial

→ French: médial

→ German: medial

→ Italian: mediale

→ Spanish: medial

From medius (“that is in the middle or midst”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).

af

[mɛd̪iˈäːlʲɪs̠]

[mɛd̪iˈäːlʲiːs̠]

(Late Latin) Of or belonging to the middle; medial.


posterus

la-adj

posterus (feminine postera, neuter posterum, comparative posterior, superlative postrēmus or postumus); first/second-declension adjective

postera (feminine)
posterum (neuter)
posterior (comparative)
postrēmus (superlative)
postumus (superlative)
posterus (masculine nominative singular)
postera (feminine nominative singular)
posterum (neuter nominative singular)
posterī (masculine nominative singular)
posterae (feminine nominative plural)
postera (neuter nominative plural)
posterī (genitive masculine singular)
posterae (feminine genitive singular)
posterī (genitive neuter singular)
posterōrum (genitive masculine singular)
posterārum (feminine genitive plural)
posterōrum (genitive neuter plural)
posterō (dative masculine singular)
posterae (dative feminine singular)
posterō (dative neuter singular)
posterīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
posterum (accusative masculine singular)
posteram (accusative feminine singular)
posterum (accusative neuter singular)
posterōs (accusative masculine singular)
posterās (accusative feminine plural)
postera (accusative neuter plural)
posterō (ablative masculine singular)
posterā (ablative feminine singular)
posterō (ablative neuter singular)
posterīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
postere (masculine singular vocative)
postera (feminine singular vocative)
posterum (neuter singular vocative)
posterī (masculine singular vocative)
posterae (feminine plural vocative)
postera (neuter plural vocative)

English: postero-

French: postéro-

Italian: postero, postero-

Portuguese: póstero, póstero-

Spanish: postero-

[ˈpɔs̠t̪ɛrʊs̠]


pigmentosus

pigmentōsus (feminine pigmentōsa, neuter pigmentōsum); first/second-declension adjective

pigmentōsus (canonical)
pigmentōsa (feminine)
pigmentōsum (neuter)
pigmentōsus (masculine nominative singular)
pigmentōsa (feminine nominative singular)
pigmentōsum (neuter nominative singular)
pigmentōsī (masculine nominative singular)
pigmentōsae (feminine nominative plural)
pigmentōsa (neuter nominative plural)
pigmentōsī (genitive masculine singular)
pigmentōsae (feminine genitive singular)
pigmentōsī (genitive neuter singular)
pigmentōsōrum (genitive masculine singular)
pigmentōsārum (feminine genitive plural)
pigmentōsōrum (genitive neuter plural)
pigmentōsō (dative masculine singular)
pigmentōsae (dative feminine singular)
pigmentōsō (dative neuter singular)
pigmentōsīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
pigmentōsum (accusative masculine singular)
pigmentōsam (accusative feminine singular)
pigmentōsum (accusative neuter singular)
pigmentōsōs (accusative masculine singular)
pigmentōsās (accusative feminine plural)
pigmentōsa (accusative neuter plural)
pigmentōsō (ablative masculine singular)
pigmentōsā (ablative feminine singular)
pigmentōsō (ablative neuter singular)
pigmentōsīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
pigmentōse (masculine singular vocative)
pigmentōsa (feminine singular vocative)
pigmentōsum (neuter singular vocative)
pigmentōsī (masculine singular vocative)
pigmentōsae (feminine plural vocative)
pigmentōsa (neuter plural vocative)

[pɪɡmɛn̪ˈt̪oːs̠ʊs̠]

From pigmentum (“pigment, paint”) + -ōsus, from pingō (“I paint, stain”).

(Late Latin) pigmented, coloured, stained


nigella

la-noun

nigella f (genitive nigellae); first declension

Balkan Romance:

⇒? Romanian: neghină

Gallo-Italic:

Piedmontese: gnèla, agnela

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: gnalla

desc

Old French: neele, noiele, noele, nielle

French: nielle

Norman: nelle, nêle

Poitevin-Saintongeais: gnelle, ignelle

Picard: noyelle

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: niella

Occitan: nièla

Ibero-Romance:

Old Spanish: *neiella ⇒ neguiella (/ɡ/ taken from negro)

Spanish: neguilla

Salamanca: nilla

Borrowings:

→ English: nigella

→ French: nigelle

→ Italian: nigella

→ Portuguese: nigela

Substantivization of the feminine of nigellus (“blackish”). Attested ca. 400 CE.

[niˈd͡ʒɛlːä]

Nigella sativa
Nigella sativa#Translingual


caballarius

la-noun

caballārius m (genitive caballāriī or caballārī); second declension

caballārius (canonical masculine)
caballāriī (genitive)
caballārī (genitive)
caballārius (nominative singular)
caballāriī (nominative plural)
caballāriī (genitive singular)
caballārī (genitive singular)
caballāriōrum (genitive plural)
caballāriō (dative singular)
caballāriīs (dative plural)
caballārium (accusative singular)
caballāriōs (accusative plural)
caballāriō (ablative singular)
caballāriīs (ablative plural)
caballārie (singular vocative)
caballāriī (plural vocative)

Aragonese: caballero

Asturian: caballeru

Extremaduran: cavalleru

Friulian: cjavalâr

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: καβαλλάριος (kaballários), καβαλλάρης (kaballárēs)

Greek: καβαλάρης (kavaláris), καβαλάριος (kavalários)

Italian: cavallaio

Leonese: caballeru, caballeiru

Maltese: kavallier

Occitan: cavalièr

Old French: chevalier

Bourguignon: chevaulei

Franc-Comtois: tchevaulî

French: chevalier

→ English: chevalier

→ Turkish: şövalye

Norman: quevalier

Picard: cvalier

Walloon: tchevalî

Old Occitan: cavalier

Catalan: cavaller

Piedmontese: cavajé

→ Old Italian: cavaliere

→ Middle French: cavalier

French: cavalier

→ Friulian: cavalîr

→ Russian: кавале́р m (kavalér)

→ Romanian: cavaler

→ English: cavalier

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: cavaleiro
Galician: cabaleiro
Portuguese: cavaleiro

desc

Romansch: chavalier, cavalier, tgavalier

Sardinian: cabadhare, cabaddare, cadheri, cadderi, cavadheri, cavadderi, cabaglieri, caddarzu, cadharzu

Sicilian: cavaḍḍaru, cavaleri

Spanish: caballero

→ English: caballero

→ Portuguese: cavalheiro

Venetan: cavalier


idolum

la-noun

īdōlum n (genitive īdōlī); second declension

īdōlum (canonical neuter)
īdōlī (genitive)
īdōlum (nominative singular)
īdōla (nominative plural)
īdōlī (genitive singular)
īdōlōrum (genitive plural)
īdōlō (dative singular)
īdōlīs (dative plural)
īdōlum (accusative singular)
īdōla (accusative plural)
īdōlō (ablative singular)
īdōlīs (ablative plural)
īdōlum (singular vocative)
īdōla (plural vocative)

Catalan: ídol

Italian: idolo

Old French: idole

desctree

French: idole
→ Polish: idol
→ Turkish: idol

→ English: idol, idoll (obsolete)
→ Japanese: アイドル
→ Chinese: 愛抖露 /爱抖露 (àidǒulù)
→ Chinese: 愛豆 /爱豆 (àidòu)
→ English: aidoru, idoru
→ Korean: 아이돌 (aidol)

→ Middle Dutch: ydool

Dutch: idool

Old Galician-Portuguese: ydolo

Galician: idolo

Portuguese: ídolo

Piedmontese: ìdol

Spanish: ídolo

→ Danish: idol

→ English: idolum

→ Esperanto: idolo

→ German: Idol

→ Ido: idolo

→ Old Irish: ídal, ídol

Irish: íol

[iːˈd̪oːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image; idol”), from εἶδος (eîdos, “form”).