㔂

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, specifically) to pare (a branch, such as sugarcane)


仾

For pronunciation and definitions of 仾 – see 低 (“low; low; behind average; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 低).
Contraction of 予人 (hō͘-lâng).

zh-see

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to give someone

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) by someone

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Used before a verb to indicate passive voice.


伨

→ Mandarin: 挺 (tǐng, “to support”)

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, intransitive) to match

If an adult haggles with a child, peolple will laugh at him.

大人伨囡仔，人會笑。

大人伨囡仔，人会笑。

這个人實在袂伨得。

这个人实在袂伨得。

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) (usually negative): to get involved with ; to compete with; to haggle with; to wrangle with; to fuss with

An extra brick should be placed on this side (to balance the weight).

即頭着伨一个磚仔

即头着伨一个砖仔

(Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to balance; to add a weight to balance the weights on both sides


伬

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to tremble or shiver with fear


並

From the clerical script (隸書) of 竝 (OC *beːŋʔ), originally depicting two people standing side-by-side.

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to compete; to match one's strength with


乎

Lí ta̍k kò goe̍h tio̍h kià phe lâi hohⁿ.

你逐個月著寄批來乎。

你逐个月着寄批来乎。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Sentence-final particle to indicate an imperative sentence


乞

Variant of 气 (OC *kʰɯds), distinguished to indicate a phonetically borrowed meaning “to beg”.
The top component of the character is unrelated to 旅, 伤, 复, 每 as well as 人.

乞人拍死

(Eastern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew) by

杯仔乞偷去

(Eastern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew) Used before a verb to indicate passive voice.


伴

Sino-Xenic (伴):
* → Vietnamese: bạn (伴)

Tai Languages

Proto-Southwestern Tai

desc

Thai: เพื่อน (pʉ̂ʉan, “companion, friend”)

→ Khmer: ភឿន (phɨən, “companion, friend”)

→ Northern Khmer: พฺืน (“companion, friend”)

Lao: ເພື່ອນ (phư̄an, “companion, friend”), ເພິ່ນ (phœn, “he, she, it, him, her”)

Isan: เพื่อน (“companion, friend”), เพิ่น (“he, she, it, him, her”)

Northern Thai: ᨻᩮᩬᩥ᩵ᩁ (“companion, friend”), ᨻᩮᩥ᩠᩵ᨶ (“he, she”)

Shan: ပိူၼ်ႈ (pōen)

Lü: ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ (poen¹, “he, she, friend”)

Tai Nüa: ᥙᥫᥢ (poen)

/pʰuːn¹³⁻³⁵/

/pʰuːn¹³⁻³⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːnʔ, *baːns): semantic 亻 + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) something attached to the main instrument


冓

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to nag; to chatter; to prattle; to go on and on; to talk on and on


刐

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to gain by cheating or other improper means; to trick someone out of their money, etc.

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to suddenly strike a downward blow


刜

刜樹仔／刜树仔 [Hokkien] ― phut chhiū-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to chop a tree

(literary or Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to chop

伊共財產刜了了。

伊共财产刜了了。

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to squander extravagantly (money, property, etc.)

He raised the bamboo stick and wildly hit the child with force.

伊攑竹仔共囡仔亂刜。

伊𫽥竹仔共囡仔乱刜。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to hit or strike with force


剮

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 咼 + 刀 (“knife”).

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cut out; to gouge out; to scoop out


劐

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scrape with one's finger

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to sweep (the floor)


剾

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰoː, *qoː): phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 刀 (“knife”)

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to eliminate fats off one's body by consuming something unpalatable


勮

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) shrill; piercing (sound)


偶

一偶鱟

一偶鲎

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for pairs of horseshoe crabs.


劌

刿
刿
揆
撅
刿
刮
撅

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to rub against; to smear with (paste, etc.)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for a segment or section of something that is long: piece; segment; length


劌

刿
刿
揆
撅
刿
刮
撅

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to wipe with a flat or long object


卟

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 口 + phonetic 卜.

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to blow hard so that something is sprayed into somewhere


博

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːɡ): semantic 十 + phonetic 尃 (OC *pʰa).

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) maybe; perhaps; probably


咄

咄咄叫 [Hokkien] ― tu̍t tu̍t kiò [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to speak in an unfluent manner

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to speak not in a fluent manner


咴

咴米糊


唍

For pronunciation and definitions of 唍 – see 莞 (“smiling”).
(This character is an ancient form of 莞).

zh-see

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to embezzle; to misappropriate


哚

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to stare blankly; to be in a daze


勒

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːɡ): semantic 革 + phonetic 力 (OC *rɯɡ). Bridles are made of leather.

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to roll up one's sleeves or trousers


哱

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) sound of fluttering wings


卬

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 匕 + 卩: a man standing and a man kneeling; compare 化, 比, 北 and 尼.
The sense “I” has been hypothesized to be from 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ, “I”) (ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-j ~ ka) with an attached vocative suffix *-ŋ (Sagart, 1999: 134). However, evidence for the latter suffix is sparse; Sagart otherwise only adduces the pair of words 女 (OC *naʔ, *nas, “woman”) and 娘 (OC *naŋ, “mother (originally as a term of address)”).

och-l

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to stare blankly; to be in a daze

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) clumsy; awkward; sluggish (usually said in reduplication)


哄

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡloːŋs): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

曾著賣糖君子哄，如今不信口甜人／曾著卖糖君子哄，如今不信口甜人

céng zhāo mài táng jūnzǐ hǒng, rújīn bùxìn kǒutián rén

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taiwanese and Singapore Hokkien) to frighten; to menace; to threaten; to intimidate by violent language


哴

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to use the tongue to get rid of foreign matter in one's mouth


嘓

水嘓仔／水啯仔 [Hokkien] ― chúi kho̍k á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― water container

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) a type of container


叉

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to pinch

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to speak rudely


啄

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtoːɡ, *toːɡ): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 豖 (OC *tʰoɡ)
Perhaps related to 觸 (OC *tʰjoɡ, “to butt, knock against”); see there for more (STEDT).

Han compound

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) with a sharp nose; having a nose shaped like a beak (used especially in compounds)


喭

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to bite (of an animal)


嗑

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to use the mouth to breathe (of a fish)


嗝

嗝嗝叫

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to shout; to yell

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to complain of hardship or suffering; to moan and groan


刺

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰeɡs, *sʰeɡ): phonetic 朿 (OC *sʰeɡs) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tshyar ~ *g-zyar (“thorn, nail, tack”) (provisional) (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan ཚེར་མ (tsher ma, “thorn, thorn bush”), གཟེར་བ (gzer ba, “to bore into”), and གཟེར (gzer, “nail”) (Schuessler, 2007).
刺 (OC *tsekh) "attack, satirize" (Zuozhuan) < "criticize" (Shijing) < lit. "cause to be stabbed" is exopassive/exoactive derivation of 刺 (OC *tsek) "pierce, stab" (ibid.); 朿 (OC tsʰie^C) "thorn" (SW) is Han period's general tone-C derivation of 刺 (OC *tsʰiek) (ibid.)

cog

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to remind someone during a fight of the number of times one has given favors to that person


咧

遮囥咧就好矣。

give something a try
give something a try

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try


凹

His/her entire face is covered with swollen mosquito bites.

規面攏是予蠓仔咬的凹。

规面拢是予蠓仔咬的凹。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) swollen bumps on the skin

His face was bit by the mosquito with one swollen bump.

面予蠓仔咬一凹。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for swollen bumps on the skin.


囃

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to express admiration or wonder


共

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (共):
* → Vietnamese: cộng (共)

→ Vietnamese: cùng

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 廾 (“two hands”) + 口 (“an object”) – holding up an object with two hands. Eventually 口 (not “mouth”) came to be written 廿 (niàn) (not “twenty”), which later fused with 廾 to form the modern 共.
Possibly the original form of 供 (“to provide; to offer”).
Possibly related to 廾 (OC *k(r)oŋʔ, “to fold the hands in front of the breast”), with the stativizing prefix *N- (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Schuessler (2007) also relates this word to 供 (OC *kloŋ, *kloŋs, “to provide”) and suggests the possibility of also relating it to 恭 (OC *kloŋ, “to respect”) and 貢 (OC *koːŋs, “tribute”).
The kā reading in Hokkien is from the weakening of kāng (Wu, 2017; Chappell et al., 2011).

och-l

共款

無共

无共


啑

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to sip a small mouthful


噁

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to make a vomiting sound


出

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 止 (“foot”) + 凵 (“cave”) – to step out of a cave; to exit. Compare 各.
By the Qin dynasty, the character has lost its original shape. Based on the distorted form, Shuowen mistakenly interprets the character as a pictogram (象形) of a plant (屮) growing outwards.
STEDT derives this word from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-twak (“to come or go out; to emerge”); compare Burmese ထွက် (htwak, “to go or come out; to produce or yield; to leave”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔ-twakᴴ (“to come or got out; to emerge”), Proto-Kuki-Chin *tshuak-I, *tshuaʔ-II (“to come out; to emerge; to appear”). The -t final may be particular to Chinese.
Alternatively, Sagart (1999) and Baxter and Sagart (2014) suggest that this word is related to other words that express extraction, such as 掘 (OC *[ɡ]ut, “to dig out”), and reconstruct the Old Chinese with an intransitivizing prefix *t-.

cog

This is the first time I've seen someone like this since I had eyes to see.

Chhut ba̍k-chiu thâu-chi̍t-pái tú-tio̍h chit khoán lâng.

出目睭頭一擺拄著這款人。

出目睭头一摆拄著这款人。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) ever since


嗒

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to swallow (to cause food, drink, etc. to pass from the mouth into the stomach)


嗇

佯嗇嗇

佯啬啬

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) silent and not speaking; not disclosing anything


嚇

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰraːɡs, *qʰraːɡ): semantic 口 + phonetic 赫 (OC *qʰraːɡ).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/d-krwak (“frighten”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan སྐྲག་ (skrag), Burmese ကြောက် (krauk), Lashi kyuk (Hill, 2019).

Han compound

你是正的嚇。

你是正的吓。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Used to express intimidation


嚇

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to threaten; to intimidate; to frighten

to assume an intimidating and frightening posture

嚇頭

吓头

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to cow someone to submission


喝

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew) to brag; to boast; to bluff


哈

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to exhale hot air to keep oneself warm


壓

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːb): phonetic 厭 (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 土 (“dust”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“to beat, thrash, winnow”), which is distantly related (via an allofam) to Burmese ယပ် (yap, “fan”), and more directly to the following Sinitic words (STEDT):
* 躐 (OC *rab, “to tread, trample”)
* 押 (OC *kraːb, *qraːb, “to seal, stamp”)
* 臿 (OC *sʰreːb, “pestle; to husk grain with a mortar and pestle”)

och-l

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to press and draw (a line)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scrape or pare off horizontally


壓

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to separate; to set apart

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gather together; to collect


奕

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to start; to begin (in an activity)


媌

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) mother (especially said with children, but used face-to-face in some places)


屧

(Taiwanese and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to plug, wedge, or squeeze something between objects (to fix something into place)


夾

夹
挾
鋏
夹
夹
佮
夹
挾
夹
夹
夹

蟳仔夾人

𫊻仔夹人

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to clamp with a chela


孝

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”) – an old man and a child, filial piety between generations. Compare top component to 老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”).

孝義

devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar, derogatory) to eat


密

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) densely packed; dense and numerous


姦

(Hokkien, chiefly Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, vulgar) to fuck

伊著姦。

伊著奸。

(Hokkien, chiefly Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Singapore Hokkien, vulgar) to chide; to swear; to curse; to scold


徝

Aspirated causative form of 直 (ti̍t, “straight”); cognate with Eastern Min 剔 (tĭk, “to comb out straight”) (Smith, 2021).

cog

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to stretch; to extend; to straighten


寢

Compare 這馬／这马 (chit-má, chím-má, chím-á).

寝
㝲
寑
𡫒
𡩠
𡨦
𡨞
寝
纔
𡨞
侵

寢年／寝年 [Hokkien] ― chhím nî [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to approach the end of the year

寢水墘／寝水墘 [Hokkien] ― chhím chúi-kîⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― approaching the edge of the water

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to approach; to draw near; to imminently occur


局

Pictogram (象形). It represents the shape of a deceased person's limbs being bent and buried. This practice of burying the body in a crouched position symbolizes "to bend," and by extension, "to shrink" or "to contract."

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) worth; profit; relative benefit (said with 有 (ū) and 無 (bô))

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be limited; to be confined


彎

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (彎):
* → Japanese: 彎(わん) (wan)
* → Korean: 만(彎) (man)
* → Vietnamese: loan (彎)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn): semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons).
May be cognate with 迂 (OC *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa).
; “homosexual”


巧

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰruːʔ, *kʰruːs): semantic 工 + phonetic 丂 (OC *kʰluːʔ)

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) pretty; beautiful


忌

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯs): phonetic 己 (OC *kɯʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Han compound

忌辰

忌日

Today, the death anniversary is being held for our paternal grandmother.

今仔咧共阮阿媽做忌。

今仔咧共阮阿妈做忌。

(literary or Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) anniversary of the death of one's elder


慼

(Taiwanese and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to loathe; to hate; to dislike; to be disgusted with

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to resolve to repent and mend one's ways


慄

STEDT compared this to Tibetan བྲེད་པ་ (bred pa, “to be alarmed, scared”). If the relation is to be established, then this term is derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ray-t (“fear”).
Hong Kong Cantonese “to be scared” is borrowed from Taishanese 慄／栗 (nut⁵).

cog

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be scared (of one's facial expression)


挩

(Xiamen Hokkien) to spend one's days putting up with difficulty or suffering

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to spend one's days enduring difficulty for a short period of time

go through the motions
go through the motions

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to do a perfunctory job; to go through the motions; to dodge; to evade


搳

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to batter; to strike with a hard blow


掬

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluɡ): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).

Han compound

揈
匊
𥸭
𥸶
𢱬
𡙳
𥵱

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to struggle; to attempt


徛

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krals, *ɡralʔ): semantic 彳 (“to walk with small steps”) + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral).

Han compound

企
倚
跂
隑
戤
坚
立
笠

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to lean on (a stick, etc.)


摀

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore and Taiwanese Hokkien) to dig


搩

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to severely strike using one's knuckles (someone's head)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, by extension) to severely hit or strike


揦

揦厝瓦


拓

柝
搨
黜
托:to poke; to uncover someone's secret

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to refute; to rebut; to contend


擵

撰匙閣予伊擵去。

撰匙阁予伊擵去。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to secretly take away


撆

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰeːd): phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed) + semantic 手 (“hand”)

Han compound

撆落去

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to slap somebody of the face


拔

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruːd, *boːd, *bod): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 犮 (OC *boːd) – a hand pulls.
Compare perhaps Burmese ပြုတ် (prut, “to be dislocated; to lose”).

cog

(Quanzhou, Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to suck away someone else's chi (said as done by some people)


拔

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for draws of water, especially each time one pulls the rope on a well.


攎

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to rub hard back and forth

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to walk with a limp


擷

The front and back of a Chinese robe or jacket is fluttering back and forth.

衫仔裾擷來擷去。

衫仔裾撷来撷去。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to wave; to flutter; to fly


捏

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to pick with fingers; to pinch


撨

Probably a causative aspiration of 齊／齐 (chiâu, châu, “uniform; regular”) (Ong, 2023).
Alternatively, it may be from 調 (OC *dɯːw, “harmonious; to adjust”).

喬
移
超
僑
橋
撟
蹺
瞧
摷

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to transfer; to give


擗

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) sound of hitting


擢

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to roughly sew and mend


撠

棘
𠽤
kick
𢲈
揭

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to pick out; to pluck out

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to expose; to uncover; to reveal; to unmask


插

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to kidnap (for ransom)


擳

𰓜
揤
𡁶
𰓜
㵶
唧
瀄
𰓜

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to absorb the moisture using one's hand or a tool


攕

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) objects (usually food) on a skewer

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for objects in a string, on a skewer, etc.


擸

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to hit; to beat; to strike

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to step on; to trample on


揲

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to reprimand and punish


斡

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷaːd): phonetic 倝 (OC *kaːns) + semantic 斗.

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to safeguard; to shield; to back; to stick up for


撮

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːd, *sʰoːd): semantic 扌 + phonetic 最 (OC *zloːds).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to pass on; to transfer


敨

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, traditional Chinese medicine) to release heat after taking diaphoretic medicine

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, euphemistic) to use the toilet, especially to urinate; to take a leak or a dump


敢

→ Zhuang: gamj

In oracle bone script, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): Two hands 廾 holding a weapon 干 hunting a wild boar 豕.
In the Zhou dynasty one of the hands was removed and a phonetic component 甘 (OC *kaːm) was added. The boar shape got progressively corrupted until it looked like a hand 彐, thus obtaining the very old and rather conservative variant 𢼿.
The sound component 甘 and the weapon 干 stylized and merged into 古, leading to the seal script form 𢽤. Then, the wild boar on top stylized into 爫, thus obtaining 𠭖.
Eventually, the left half corrupted further into the traditional version ⿱丅耳, which was then stylized.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-wam (“to dare”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

(archaic or Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) perhaps


朎

朎懸

朎悬


攝

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *neːb, *ʔnjeb): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 聶 (OC *neb).
Probably from the same word family as 入 (OC *njub, “to enter”) (STEDT); see there for more.

Han compound

𣍐攝／𫧃摄 [Hokkien] ― bōe-liap [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― incapable

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be capable; to be competent (used with 會 and 𣍐)


搭

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːb, *tʰoːb): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 荅 (OC *tkuːb).

Han compound

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scoop; to ladle


敲

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɒu̯³³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɒu̯³³/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰraːw, *kʰraːws): phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw) + semantic 攴 (“to hit lightly; to tap”).

Han compound

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to knock down; to remove; to demolish

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to compete (among businesses)


張

desc

→ English: Chang, Zhang, Cheung, Cheong, Chong, Teo, Teoh

→ Tagalog: Chang, Tiu, Tiong

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋ, *taŋs): semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/m/b-raŋ (“strong; firm; tense”) or Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(d/t)aŋ (“tense; tight”), the latter which appears to be preferred based on more current research (Hill, 2019, p. 224); compare Tibetan ཐང་པོ (thang po, “tense; tight; firm”), Burmese တင်း (tang:, “to tighten; to be tight”).
Pronunciation 2 is the exopassive of pronunciation 1, literally “to be stretched” (Schuessler, 2007).

cog

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to pretend; to make believe; to feign


彼

Related to 許／许 (hí, hír, “that”); see there for more.
Pronunciation 2 is a fusion word of 許／许 (hí, hír, “that”) + 一 (it, “one”); compare Mandarin 那 (nèi), from 那 (nà, “that”) + 一 (yī, “one”) (Mei and Yang, 1995).

This is my mother, and that is my father.

這是阮老母，彼是阮老爸。

这是阮老母，彼是阮老爸。

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) that (demonstrative pronoun)


散

The original version visible on oracle bone script is 㪔, hence Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 林 (“trees, forest”) + 攴 (“to knock, to tap”), also written with hemp stalks 𣏟 (> 𢽳) or bamboo 竹 instead of two trees. The original meanings are "to clear a place from vegetation; to kill". The character later started meaning "to dissipate, to disperse" since bamboo in particular breaks easily into pieces; eventually, the meaning shifted to "to walk around, to stroll".
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *saːnʔ, *saːns): semantic 肉 + phonetic 𢽳 (), written as 𣀙, in which 林 is well visible on top.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjwar ~ g/b-sjwa-n/t (“flow; pour; scatter; spill; sow; broadcast”). Cognate with 撒 (OC *saːd, “to cast away; to let go”), 宣 (OC *sqʰon, “to spread; to proclaim”), Tibetan འཆོར་བ ('chor ba, “to escape; to flow out”), Burmese သွန် (swan, “to pour out; to spill”), Lahu šē (“to sow; to broadcast”), Lahu šêʔ (“to pour; to spill; to disperse; to sow; to broadcast”).

cog

㪔
𢽳
𢿷
𣀙
𢿱
㪚
撒
嘇
糝
剼

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gobble; to devour; to gorge


散

㪔
𢽳
𢿷
𣀙
𢿱
㪚
撒
嘇
糝
剼


枼

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for piles/layers.


枴

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taiwanese and Philippine Hokkien) to run into obstacles; to be in an unfavorable situation; to face impediments

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to sprain; to wrench

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou Hokkien) to appropriate for one party what should have gone to another

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou Hokkien) to hold someone's hands behind their back

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to arm-wrestle; to compare each other's wrist strength

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to not have good relations (with someone)

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to twist; to wring; to bend

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to argue stubbornly; to argue against all reason


柮

矮柮柮 [Hokkien] ― é tut tut [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― short

內面狹柮柮。

内面狭柮柮。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) short and small; narrow


拉

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to release; to untie; to loosen; to get untied; to come loose

奧依亞依拉克

Àoyīyà Yīlākè

奥依亚依拉克

Àoyīyà Yīlākè

阿胡拉·馬茲達

Āhúlā Mǎzīdá

阿胡拉·马兹达

Āhúlā Mǎzīdá


束

Characters in the same phonetic series (束) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogram (指事) – bag tied at both ends (earlier forms were often vertically symmetric). See also 東 and 柬.

Han etyl

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cling to something and climb upwards (of a person)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to bind or tie tightly

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to absorb (moisture, etc.)


擽

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to make too little and too weak of a movement


欱

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) feeling tight and uncomfortably squeezed (due to a small space)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to frighten or deceive by means of fabrication or exaggeration

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to press from both sides; to place in between

(Taiwanese Hokkien) to capture with both hands together

欱仔 [Hokkien] ― hap-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― tongs; peg

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be weighed down by a heavy object

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, figurative) to overpower someone and to have someone within one's control


歁

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/

Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) stupid; foolish; reckless; absurd (as if a madman)


歃

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sreːb, *sreb): phonetic 臿 (OC *sʰreːb) + semantic 欠 (“to yawn”).
Compare Khmer ស្រោប (sraop, “to plate; to cover”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *sapᴴ (“to rub; to stroke”) (Schuessler, 2007).

cog

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, of animals) to eat; to feed


核

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) – a kind of tree. Modern meanings are borrowed.
The definitions related to “to examine” come from the “kernel” sense, i.e. “to go to the core” (Schuessler, 2007).
Generally thought to be of Sino-Tibetan origin. It has been compared to Tibetan རག་ཙེ (rag tse), Karbi rak (Gong, 2002; Schuessler, 2007). However, Hill (2012) rejects the connection to the Tibetan word because most words ending with ཙེ (tse) are loanwords from Chinese words ending with the 子 suffix.
Smith (2011) groups this word with the following terms into a word family meaning “root, germ, generative core”:
* 荄 (OC *kɯː, “grassroot”) and its derivative 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”),
* 骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”) (also noted by Schuessler, 2007),
* 孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”),
* 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ, “sprouting stage”), i.e. "the moon’s first appearance" > "twelfth earthly branch".

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) small formed lump

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for fruits with a pit inside.


桃

→ Thai: ท้อ (tɔ́ɔ)

/tʰou̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/tʰou̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːw): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ).
Possibly borrowed from the linguistic ancestor of Proto-Hmong-Mien *glaau³ᴬ (Bodman 1980, Schuessler, 2007). The oldest-known domesticated peach stones so far have been excavated in Zhejiang, east of the Central Plain cradle of Chinese civilization.

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) immature poultry or livestock


沕

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to submerge; to inundate; to drown


沭

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljud): semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 朮 (OC *l'ud, *ɦljud)

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to add congee onto the oily broth stuck on the dishware to eat it

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to quickly take a walk


泏

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to exude; to seep; to trickle out; to squeeze out


沫

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) full to the brim (of liquid in a container)


涮

涮豬肝

涮猪肝

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scald thin slices of meat in boiling water (then immediately taken out)


淬

/t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

(Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to burn (a hole) from a cigarette or joss stick

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to touch something with fire for a short instant

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to extinguish by pushing down (as of a cigarette)


淢

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to reduce height due to erosion


洘

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) to dry (a body of water)

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew, of a tide) to ebb; to go out


溞

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) having an unpleasant taste when eating due to high moisture content (of radishes, sweet potatoes, taro, etc.)

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) crunchy and juicy (of food)


格

Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).
; “to go; to come; to arrive”
: Baxter (1992) proposes that this is related to 路 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs, “road”). Compare 客 (OC *kʰraːɡ, “guest, visitor”), 旅 (OC *ɡ·raʔ, “travel, lodge”), and 行 (OC *ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋs, *ɡraːŋ, *ɡraːŋs, “to go”)
; “to obstruct; to hinder”
; “frame; square”
; “style; form; pattern; standard; personality; character”

och-l

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to build by laying bricks or stones


液

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 夜 (OC *laːɡs) – a liquid, like water.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rjak (“oil; fat; grease”).

inh

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) thick broth extracted from food in slow fire


滈

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cook briefly in boiling water


漤

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·ruːmʔ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 婪 (OC *ɡ·ruːm).

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to run through with water to make it clean (of one's body, clothes, etc.)

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) big and drooping (of one's belly, etc.)


潏

田塗潏潏。

田涂潏潏。


溢

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *liɡ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 益 (OC *qleɡ, “to increase”) – overflowing liquid.

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to vomit due to overeating, sickness, etc.


漚

沤
吽
沤
沤
𣧥
臭
𣏓
𩈏
腐
惡

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, gambling) to stake bets with the money won and earned in the match to get double or even more


澩

(Eating) the radish leaves an unusual sensation in the mouth.

菜頭真澩。

菜头真泶。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) having an unusual sensation when eating due to unripeness or high moisture content (of radishes, sweet potatoes, taro, etc.)


焅

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to simmer until becoming mash or paste


熠

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢrub, *lub): semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 習 (OC *ljub).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to boil in a covered pot over a slow fire with only a small amount of water


濁

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rdoːɡ): semantic 氵 + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ).

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) thick; dense; strong (of flavor, etc.)


爁

Take the clothes out to dry in the sun for a while.

Saⁿ-khò͘ the̍h chhut-lâi nah ji̍t-á chi̍t-ē.

衫褲提出來爁日仔一下。

衫裤提出来𬊶日仔一下。

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to bask or dry in the sun for a short while

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to heat or roast on a flame for a short while

The tabletop was wiped until it was dazzling.

桌頂拭甲真爁。

桌顶拭甲真𬊶。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) dazzling (especially with golden light)


洽

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡruːb): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).
Causative of 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb, “to be together”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, it may be related to Tibetan འགྲུབ ('grub, “to be accomplished”) (Schuessler, 2007).

cog

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taiwanese and Philippine Hokkien) mediocre; stupid; clumsy


玏

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cut (using a knife)


熨

手䘼熨著流瘍。

手䘼熨着流疡。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be stained with


煞

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) at once; immediately


柚

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, Hua'an Shehua) pomelo


爪

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑɻ²¹⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑɻ²¹⁴/

Pictogram (象形) – a hand grabbing from above (in earlier forms from side); compare 手, 寸, 九. Even if it can indicate a claw, actually the pictogram depicts a human hand.

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) bamboo rake or harrow


瓤

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naŋ, *njaŋ): phonetic 襄 (OC *snaŋ) + semantic 瓜 (“gourd”).

Han compound

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) layer of fat between the skin and lean meat of livestock


疻

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klje, *klji): semantic 疒 (“to be sick”) + phonetic 只 (OC *klje, *kljeʔ).

Han compound

粒仔喙口疻疻

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to sore; to ulcerate


會

/wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/vᵘɔi³²⁻³²⁵/

/wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/vᵘɔi³²⁻³²⁵/

Characters in the same phonetic series (會) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形). The upper part and the lower part of the character, on the basis of the original versions, can be unified into 合 (two open mouths) with a food container in the middle; this character means both "bring together" (e.g., bring together people to discuss, putting a lid on a vessel) and "close, shut". The top of the character resembles 食, but it's connected to another mouth at the bottom of the character. The food container could be a kuài 膾, an ancient container for raw fish and finely minced/chopped meat.
As an alternative, it's a pointed lid on top of a container, with a mouth at the bottom either to indicate the activity of talking or as a distinguish mark to differentiate it from 食.
Most of the pronunciations are ultimately cognate, derived from a root meaning "to join, to come together ~ to meet, to gather ~ to match, to fit ~ to understand". Perhaps related to 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb, “to match”) ~ 蓋 (OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb, “lid”).
However, Min Nan ē instead derives from 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs, “to understand”) (Yang, 2001).

och-l

会
㑹
㞧
㣛
𠃐
𣌭
𣥈

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to clarify; to clear up

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to express appreciation verbally


猛

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (猛):
* → Japanese: 猛(もう) (mō)

→ Vietnamese: mạnh (猛, “powerful”)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːŋʔ): semantic 犬 + phonetic 孟 (OC *mraːŋs).

Han compound

(Eastern Min, Teochew, Hainanese, Zhangzhou and Penang Hokkien, dialectal Hakka) fast; quick


癔

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯɡ): semantic 疒 (“disease”) + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs)

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to implicate; to involve (someone)


子

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (子):
* → Japanese: 子(し) (shi); 子(す) (su)
* → Korean: 자(子) (ja)
* → Vietnamese: tử (子)

→ Vietnamese: tí (“a little bit”)

Characters in the same phonetic series (子) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – an image of a baby, with a large head and spread arms. The legs are wrapped in a blanket. Compare with 了, where the arms are wrapped, and 㜽, in which a lock of hair is visible on top. Compare also 棄 and 毓, in which the image of the baby is reversed upside-down.
The big seal script form is much more elaborate, showing a baby with hair on a head (囟) and arms on the two sides of the body, sitting on a stool (几).
See also the right component of 保.
;child
:From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa ~ za (“child, offspring, relatives; to come forth (as child at birth); to love; loving”).
:Cognate with 字 (OC *zlɯs, “character; letter”), 慈 (OC *zɯ, “loving; kind”), 滋 (OC *ʔsɯ, “to grow, to breed, to propagate, to bring about, to increase”), 孳 (OC *ʔsɯ, *zɯs, “to breed, to propagate”).
;first earthly branch
:In oracle bone and Western Zhou bronze inscriptions, 子 was the sixth earthly branch; the first earthly branch was denoted differently. One of the forms survived in Shuo Wen (𢀇) (Matsumaru, 2015).
:Smith (2011) proposed this character is 甾. Observing that 甾 is closely linked with 緇 "dark, stained", 淄 "murky (water)", 菑 "field cleared by burning" (all pronounced *tsrə), Smith (2011) proposes that initially the first earthly branch 甾 (OC *ts[r]əʔ) denoted the new moon phase and meant "darkened, voided, the darkened stage". Additionally, Smith (2011) proposes that 子 (OC tsəʔ), which originated from a Sino-Tibetan root meaning "to come forth", denoted the moon's "coming forth" stage (i.e. early waning-gibbous phase).
:Sometime in Warring States period, a change occured that 子 became the first earthly branch and 巳 (OC *s-ləʔ) filled the void of the sixth earthly branch (Matsumaru, 2015), "due to phonological closeness (combined with the semantic opacity of the Branch terms at later eras)" (Smith, 2011).
:Association with the rat was possibly arbitrary, analogous to how 辰, the fifth earthly branch, was arbitrarily associated with the dragon (Ferlus, 2013).

och-l

㜽
𡿹
𡐫
𣕓
𰱤
𢀇
𢀈
𠙭
𢀉

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for bananas.


瞴

Humph! I, for one, am not scared of him.

瞴！我才無驚伊。

𱲦！我才无惊伊。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) interjection used at the beginning of a sentence to indicate contempt or dissatisfaction


磕

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰaːb, *kʰaːd): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 盍 (OC *ɡaːb).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to hurt; to malign; to slander


秴

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to use a small net to capture (small animals)


發

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (發):
* → Vietnamese: phát (發)

Old Turkic: pat-la (explode)

desc

Turkmen: patlamak (commo), partlamak (standard)

Turkish: patlamak

Azerbaijani: partlamaq

Chagatai: پارتلماق

Uzbek: portlamoq

Uyghur: پارتىلاماق (partilamaq)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pad): semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 癹 (OC *pʰaːd, *baːd).
STEDT compares 發 (OC *pad) to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-p(r)ats (“to vomit”), whence Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-pat (“to vomit”) (> Burmese ပစ် (pac, “to shoot, to throw, to eject”)) and Jingpho ǹ-phàt (“to vomit”).
According to Schuessler (2007), this is an area word; compare Proto-Vietic *ɓah (“to vomit”), Mon ပန် (“to shoot”).
A derivation is probably 廢 (OC *pads, “to cast aside”).

cog

The lime reacted with water pretty thoroughly.

灰發甲真透。

灰发甲真透。

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to have quicklime react by mixing with water

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) stirred with water and squeezed repeatedly becoming dense and flexible (of flour, earth, etc.)


筰

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to box someone's ears; to slap someone on the face


粭

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) sticky; glutinous; viscous


竊

窃
𫞺
𫁝
𥨱
𥨵
𢿝
𥩓

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) seventy (used with numbers from 71 to 79)


箿

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to walk with small steps while wiping one's sole on the ground


糾

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯw, *krɯwʔ): phonetic 丩 (OC *kɯw, *krɯw, “to entangle”) + semantic 糹 (“silk”). Originally written 丩.
Compare possibly Burmese ကျိုး (kyui:, “result, effect, advantage”) (Luce, 1981).

cog

纠
丩
𠃏
𠃖
𠃚
糺
𥾆
紏
𠛩
𠞎
𠜉
𠝙
𢒥

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to contract; to shrink; to tense; to taut (of muscles, etc.)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, specifically) to shrink due to absorbing water (of cloth, etc.)

勼

to contract, to shrink due to absorbing water, to become skinny

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, specifically) to become skinny, contracted, or disappear (caused by some reason)


絡

Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ): semantic 糸 (“thread”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ) – wrapped in thread, a web of thread.

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to slip something over like a cage


甲

𠇚
𡴌
𤰒
鉀
𢓜
徦
到
仔:á

The wind at the harbourside blows my tears dry; how could the karaoke choose a happy enka?

Káng-piⁿ ê hong chiong gún ê ba̍k-sái chhoe ta, kha-lá-ó͘-khe kah tiám chi̍t tè khoài-lo̍k ê ián-kah?

港邊的風將阮的目屎吹乾，卡拉OK甲點一塊快樂的演歌？

港边的风将阮的目屎吹干，卡拉OK甲点一块快乐的演歌？

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) how is it that; how could


紮

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriːd): phonetic 札 (OC *sqriːd) + semantic 糸.

Han compound

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to carry; to bring along (on one's person, usually concealed originally on one's waist)


糝

糁
參
糂
糁
糁
沈
審
滲
嘇
摻
糁
嘇
摻

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gobble; to devour; to gorge


緝

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to search and arrest (a criminal)


翋

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to put on over one's head

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cover with a sheathe or case

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to set up a trap to scheme against someone

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to suffer financial loss


管

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (管):
* → Japanese: 管(かん) (kan)
* → Korean: 관(管) (gwan)
* → Vietnamese: quản (管)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːnʔ): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 官 (OC *koːn).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) measuring tool of half a sheng (升 (shēng))


聿

Pictogram (象形) or
ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): hand (又) holding a brush. Unrelated to 建, in which the hand is holding a pole. Partly related to 津.

He submitted his homework after hastily scribbling two words in it.

作業聿兩字就交去。

作业聿两字就交去。

He carelessly and hastily scrawled the broom a bit just to finish doing it.

掃帚聿一下準拄好。

扫帚聿一下准拄好。

(Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to scribble, scrawl, or daub in a hasty and careless way


腬

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ml'us, *mlju): semantic 肉 (“meat”) + phonetic 柔 (OC *mlju).
Possibly related to 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”), 肉 (OC *njuɡ, “meat”) (Liu, 1999b).

Han compound

saⁿ jio̍h jio̍h [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]


腷

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) sound of a violent fall


臆

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to purchase objects by quantity and not by weight


萎

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) to wear; to erode


薟

→ English: hiam

(Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) pungent


螫

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰjaːɡ): phonetic 赦 (OC *hljaɡs) + semantic 虫 (“bug”).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to use one's beak to bite or tug (of ducks, geese, etc.)


袤

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) build; stature

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to hit hard; to bash; to smash; to strike heavily


藏

蔵
匨
𢧿
蔵
匨
𢧿
蔵
茺
潛
汆
葱

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to squeeze into

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Zhao'an Hakka) to hide


訯

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to quickly gulp or swallow in a big mouthful

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to embezzle; to misappropriate


落

→ Ai-Cham: lau⁵

→ Thai: โละ (ló) (via Teochew loh⁸)

→ Vietnamese: lạc

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ): semantic 艹 + phonetic 洛 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(k/g)la-k/y/t (“to fall”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007):
:within Sinitic, cognate to 露 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs) "dew", 下 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs, “down, below, to descend, to fall down”) , 陊 (OC *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ) "to collapse" and 阤 (OC *l'alʔ, *hljalʔ) "hillside, slope";
:outsides Sinitic, cognate to Mizo tla ~ tlâk (“to fall”) and thla ~ thlâk (“to drop”), Burmese ကျ (kya., “to fall”) and ချ (hkya., “to drop”).
Schuessler attributes OC *r-, instead of expected **l-, to possible Austroasiatic influence: compare Khmer [script needed] (gra'ka, “be low, debased”) < [script needed] (-ra'ka, “to fall, below, cover from above”). However, Matisoff (2003) identifies several ST etyma which display TB *(C‑)l- vs. OC *(C‑)r‑ correspondence (e.g. *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”) → 良 (OC *raŋ), *g/m-liŋ (“neck”) → 領 (OC *reŋʔ), etc.) and TB *(C‑)r- vs. OC *(C‑)l‑ (e.g. *g-rjum (“salt”) → 鹽 (OC *ɡ·lam)); so irregularities in correspondence do not necessarily indicate foreign influences.
Contemporary southern usage possibly reinforced by a Kra-Dai term. The term has been associated with Zhuang loengx (“to fall”).
Zhengzhang suggested that Pronunciation 2 was a result of loss of final consonant of the retained Old Chinese Pronunciation 1.

cog

(Hainanese, Leizhou Min, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) to fade (of color)

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) loose; about to fall off (often reduplicated)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for events, deals, etc..

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to unload (cargo, etc.)

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to shake a container to let something fall out

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to space out; to leave distances in between


蓋

→ Japanese: 蓋し (kedashi) (calque)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 盍 (OC *ɡaːb) — a thatch.
盍 is the original character for the “cover” sense. However, because this original character was borrowed to mean “why not”, the scope of senses for 蓋 expanded to include the “cover” sense (and its extended meanings).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)wap (“to cover, incubate, hatch”). Within Chinese, compare:
* 盍 (OC *ɡaːb, “to join, unite; door leaf”)
* 閤 (OC *kuːb, “small gate”)
* 蛤 (OC *kuːb, “oyster, mussel”)
* 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb, “to join, unite; harmony; to close, shut”)
* 洽 (OC *ɡruːb, “to unite, assemble; to accord with”)
* 翕 (OC *qʰrub, “united, harmonious”)
Outside of Sinitic, cognate with Mizo [Term?] (hûap, “to include, to take in, to cover, to embrace, to apply to”). The Sino-Tibetan root is likely allofamic with Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ʔup (“idem”), the latter whence Burmese အုပ် (up, “to cover”) (STEDT).

cog

That is a very, very long time ago, when I was still very, very small, when I was still very, very small.

Te he koi kiú koi kiú e yî-chhièn, ngài hàn koi se koi se e sṳ̀-chiet, ngài hàn koi se koi se e sṳ̀-chiet

該係蓋久蓋久个以前，𠊎還蓋細蓋細个時節，𠊎還蓋細蓋細个時節

该系盖久盖久个以前，𠊎还盖细盖细个时节，𠊎还盖细盖细个时节

The accent is interesting; though not understandable, it actually sounds really nice.

2016,陳隨意, 鹿港思帶路

Khiuⁿ-kháu chhù-bī sui-liân m̄ chai kóng siáⁿ, m̄-koh si̍t-chāi kài hó-thiaⁿ.

腔口趣味雖然不知講啥，勿擱實在蓋好聽。

2016,陳隨意, 鹿港思帶路

腔口趣味虽然不知讲啥，勿搁实在盖好听。

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Southern Sixian Hakka) very


譟

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to nag; to chatter; to prattle; to go on and on; to talk on and on


衝

/t͡sʰɔyŋ²¹³/

/t͡sʰɔyŋ²¹³/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjoŋ): semantic 行 + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to generate; to yield; to produce (a certain result)


術

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljud): semantic 行 (“street, path”) + phonetic 朮 (OC *l'ud, *ɦljud).
For the “to throw” definition, from English shoot.

Han compound

術籃／术篮 [Hokkien] ― su̍t-nâ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to shoot

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to throw; to cast


蟯

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjew, *ʔŋew): semantic 虫 (“worm”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) female genitalia; vulva


蟯

被難

to be killed in a disaster, political incident

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to nitpick; to probe (someone's mistakes, etc.)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, humorous) to pass away; to die


覷

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 虛 + semantic 見 (“see”).

(literary or Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to peep; to spy on

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to try to look with bad vision


譀

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlaːms, *qʰraːms, *qʰraːb): semantic 言 (“words; speech”) + phonetic 敢 (OC *klaːmʔ).

Han compound

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) exaggerated; pretentious

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to magnify; to enlarge


賲

having the feeling of eating half-cooked cereal after finishing eating

食了賲賲

食了𲃄𲃄

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) having the feeling of eating half-cooked cereal


蹜

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sruɡ): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 宿 (OC *suɡs, *suɡ)

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to climb upwards following a certain body


跋

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *boːd): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 犮 (OC *boːd).
Cognate with 茇 (OC *poːd, “roots of grass”) (Schuessler, 2007).


諾

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naːɡ): semantic 言 (“word, speak”) + phonetic 若 (OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njaɡ, “like this; such”) — to answer affirmatively.
Cognate with 若 (OC *njaɡ, “like this; such; if”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

(literary or Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) yes; aye; yea; right


蹚

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to push aside; to part

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to have a trial of strength or skill with someone; to compete with someone


花

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (花):
* → Japanese: 花(か) (ka)
* → Korean: 화(花) (hwa)
* → Vietnamese: hoa (花)

→ Ai-Cham: hwa¹

→ Zhuang: va

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hʷraː): semantic 艹 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls). Originally 𠌶 or 華 before the Han dynasty.
Unclear. According to Schuessler (2007), either from:
* Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːr (“bloom, flower”) and thus an example of possible *b ~ *w variation, with final -r moved to medial position. If so, cognate with 葩 (OC *pʰraː); outside Sinitic, compare Burmese ပန်း (pan:), Lepcha ᰓᰫᰲ (búr), Mizo páar. Sagart (2021) also connects it to 葩 (OC *pʰˤra), modifying Baxter and Sagart's (2014) reconstruction to *Cə-pʰˤra and proposing the sound changes *Cə-pʰ- > *Cə-ɸ- > *ɸ- > xw-.
* Or from Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *pkaaw ~ *pkaʔ (“flower, blossom”).
華 (OC *ɡʷraː, “to flower”) is a derivative.

cog

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to extinguish; to put out (of fire)


躄

(Zhangzhou and Haicang Hokkien, vulgar) to fuck


躇

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to move slowly; to dawdle; to dillydally


踮

店
惦
站
𫁥
*佔
𠶧
坫
匿


跡

Variant of 迹 using a semantic component with similar meaning; see there for more. Current form is a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsleːɡ): semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 亦 (OC *laːɡ).

Han compound

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for marks, prints, and traces.


著

→ English: tio

/ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ta-t (“to put; to place”). Cognate with Tibetan སྟད (stad, “to put on; to lay on”), སྟ་གོན (sta gon, “preparation; arrangement”), Burmese ထား (hta:, “to put; to place”). See also 署 (OC *djas, “to put, place”) (STEDT).

cog

着
着
𣋐
𣥧
囉
就
着
着

揀啊揀，揀著一個賣龍眼／揀啊揀，揀著一个賣龍眼／拣啊拣，拣着一个卖龙眼

kéng--ah kéng, kéng-tio̍h chi̍t ê bē lêng-géng

(Northern Min, Eastern Min, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) it's now ...'s turn


跑

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruː, *bruːɡ): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).
Compare Proto-Loloish *paw¹ (“to flee”) (Schuessler, 2007).
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English run.

Han compound

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) well-liked; popular


誰

From shortening of 是誰／是谁 (chī-choa̍h), from 是誰仔／是谁仔 (chī-chūi-á).

zh-l

是誰仔／是谁仔 (chī-chūi-á)

谁
谁
倽
上
仩
谁
𪝊
𫢗
谁
谁
孰:chiâ
咜:chôa

(Hokkien, including Zhangzhou and Taichung Hokkien) who; whom


貓

→ English: ngeow (via Teochew)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mreːw, *mrew): semantic 豸 + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew). The phonetic component perhaps points to the onomatopoeic nature of this word.
Ma Xulun suggested that 豸 was the original character of 貓.
Onomatopoeic. Compare 喵 (miāo, “meow, the onomatopoeic cry of a cat”).
Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *mau, reasoning that 貓's place among division II syllables results from its onomatopoeic nature instead of an Old Chinese medial *-r-; onomatopoeia is also responsible for the 陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng) tone instead of the expected 陽平／阳平 (yángpíng).

zh-l

陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng)

猫
猫
猫
毛
猫
猫
猫
媌

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) lecherous; lascivious


貓

猫
猫
猫
毛
猫
猫
猫
媌

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) vicious woman; woman that suddenly turns hostile (just like a mother cat when her kittens are threatened)


軸

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯwɢ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): semantic 車 (“cart, carriage”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw, “to pass through”) — the axle that passes through a cartwheel.

Han compound

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) large, oblong banner of silk carrying an appropriate message (usually for funerals) (Classifier: 幅 mn mn-t)


遹

(Taiwanese and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to stop by somewhere for a short time and walk around


逐

2008, “盪鞦韆”, 外代果子 [Guotz] (lyrics), 工藤仁志 [Hitoshi Kudo] and 葉開揚(金歐噴) [OpenKing] (music)performed by 葉開揚(金歐噴) [OpenKing]:

They are happily chasing around; this is also in my childhood

hoaⁿ-hoaⁿ-hí-hí teh giok, che lán sè-hàn mā lóng ū

歡歡喜喜兮逐 這咱細漢也攏有

欢欢喜喜兮逐 这咱细汉也拢有

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to pursue; to chase after (someone)

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to woo; to court; to pursue; to chase the opposite sex

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to go after and get something with one's best effort


軋

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd): semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ)

Han compound

轧
轧
轧
轧
轧
裹
輾
𩛩

伊予車軋死。

伊予车轧死。

伊駛車去軋著人。

伊驶车去轧著人。

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to crush; to run over; to roll flat (of or by a car)


遐

Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah).

徦
彼
靴
叱
吪
瓦
許
赫
靴
叱
吪

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) that; those


遐

徦
彼
靴
叱
吪
瓦
許
赫
靴
叱
吪

Hiring a special duty nurse costs two thousand a day, sixty thousand a month. How do they have that much money to hire one?

Chhiàⁿ te̍k-pia̍t hō͘-sū chi̍t ji̍t nn̄g-chheng, chi̍t kò͘ goe̍h ài la̍k-bān, in ná ū hiah chē chîⁿ lâi chhiàⁿ?

倩特別護士一日兩千，一個月愛六萬，𪜶哪有遐濟錢來倩？

倩特别护士一日两千，一个月爱六万，𪜶哪有遐济钱来倩？

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, degree) so; that

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) final question particle expressing doubt


逼

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to interpret (one's fortune, etc.)


酵

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːs): semantic 酉 + phonetic 孝 (OC *qʰruːs) – fermenting in a vessel, making alcoholic drink. 孝 is composed of “young + old”, hence connotations of “aging (in a vase), fermentation”.
In some lects, the pronunciation of 酵 (jiào) is the same as that of 孝 (xiào). This is the result of dubanbian (讀半邊／读半边 (dúbànbiān)).

zh-l

讀半邊／读半边 (dúbànbiān)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) dough with yeast


醪

Sino-Tibetan: Tibetan རུ་མ (ru ma, “curdled milk”), Jingpho ru³¹- (“liquor”). Similar-looking words in Tai-Kadai may be Han or post-Han loans; cf. Proto-Tai *ʰlawꟲ (“liquor”) (Thai เหล้า (lâo)) (Schuessler, 2007).
Compare also Proto-Vietic *raːwʔ, whence Vietnamese rượu, Muong Bi rão, Tho [Cuối Chăm] riɛw⁴, Proto-Pong *riɛw⁴.


足

Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཆོག (chog, “to be sufficient”) (Coblin, 1986).

足好

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) very; quite


鈸

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scrape with a long sickle


錛

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to slit; to chop; to cleave


鐇

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) small axe for coffin-making


鋩

刀使甲真鋩。

刀使甲真铓。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, of a blade) sharp; sharp-edged; keen


鎩

鎩落去

铩落去

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cut with a blade

鎩鎩叫

铩铩叫

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) with the sound of blade cutting


鎬

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cook something a bit


通

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰoːŋ): semantic 辶 + phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ).

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) very; most; clearly


鐳

Borrowed from Malay duit, from Dutch duit.

銅鐳

铜镭

(Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kinmenese and Penghu Hokkien; Zhongshan Min) copper cash; coin

五鐳銅鐳

五镭铜镭

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for copper cash.

趁鐳

趁镭

Some people foolishly act like they don't care about money, but in the end money trumps friendship and loyalty

1998, 片頭曲/Opening Theme, 錢不夠用 (Money Not Enough)

yǒu-xiē rén shuō mài kóng lúi kî-si̍t sī ké hàu-tai, yào jiǎng jiāo-qíng ia̍h-sī kóng gī-khì koh sī kóng lúi khah si̍t-chāi

有些人說莫講鐳其實是假孝呆，要講交情抑是講義氣閣是講鐳較實在

有些人说莫讲镭其实是假孝呆，要讲交情抑是讲义气阁是讲镭较实在

(Malaysian Cantonese and Singapore Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien; slang in Hong Kong Cantonese) money


閣

阁
阁
擱
佫
故
復
過
更
果
固
各
卻
革
阁
𡁤
咯

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Philippine Hokkien) Emphatic final particle used to make requests


隼

人隼隼

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) dull and not speaking

車開甲隼隼叫。

车开甲隼隼叫。

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) sound made by a fast-moving object: zoom

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) sound of sniffing one's nose: sniffle


鞫

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) pliable but strong; tenacious; tough


陵

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) elevated area of a terrain or water surface

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) back (of a vertebrate)


頜

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to swallow a big gulp (of liquid)


預

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *las): phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ) + semantic 頁.

Han compound

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to participate in an activity

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to play (chess, cards, mahjong, hide-and-seek, etc.)

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, of an activity) to start


颺

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to brandish something out to someone then immediately put it away


飼

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljɯs): semantic 食 + phonetic 司 (OC *slɯ).
See 食.

Han compound

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to support (a mistress)


鷌

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to prey on (prey, of an eagle)


飛

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (飛):
* → Japanese: 飛(ひ) (hi)
* → Korean: 비(飛) (bi)
* → Vietnamese: phi (飛)

Characters in the same phonetic series (飛) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形): a bird flying upwards.
In its modern form, resembles a tasseled 升 (shēng).
* Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bjar ~ *p(i/u)r (“to fly”) → Tibetan འཕུར ('phur), Burmese ပျံ (pyam, “to fly”).
* Proto-Mon-Khmer *par (“to fly”) → Old Mon ပဝ် (pɔ); Proto-Vietic *pər (“to fly”), whereas Vietnamese bay.
Cognate with Old Chinese 翂 (*pɯn, “appearance of birds flying slowly”) and Old Chinese 奮 (*pɯns, “spread wings and fly”).
; “fare”
; “femto-”

cog

飞
𠃧
𮨶
𩙱
𦐭
𦒮
飝

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to fizzle out; to fail; to fall through


鱟

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːɡs, *quːɡ): abbreviated phonetic 學 (OC *ɡruːɡ) + semantic 魚 (“fish”)

Han compound

鲎
鲎
𧊛
𧉔
吼
𩄬
㖃

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) clumsy; ungraceful; ungainly


黐

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) dilatory; long-winded; prolonged in time (of talking, doing things, etc.)


電車

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/tiːn²² t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/tie⁴⁵ t͡sʰɤ¹¹/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰia³³/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiɛn³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia³³/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/tiːn²² t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/tie⁴⁵ t͡sʰɤ¹¹/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰia³³/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiɛn³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/tiaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia³³/

The modern definitions are wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 電(でん)車(しゃ) (densha), first attested in 《出使英法義比四國日記》 by Xue Fucheng in 1890.

lang

《出使英法義比四國日記》

《出使英法義比四國日記》

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, dated) automobile; motor car; sedan


光盤

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/kuĩ⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/kuɑ̃⁵⁵ bø²¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/kuĩ⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/kuɑ̃⁵⁵ bø²¹/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) negotiated price (in public)


火雞

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hui³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kue³³/

/hə⁵³⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ke³³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/huɛ³¹⁻⁵⁵ kɔi³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hui³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kue³³/

/hə⁵³⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ke³³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/huɛ³¹⁻⁵⁵ kɔi³⁵/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, figurative) busybody; meddler

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) soldering tool


火雞

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hui³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kue³³/

/hə⁵³⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ke³³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/huɛ³¹⁻⁵⁵ kɔi³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hui³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kue³³/

/hə⁵³⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ke³³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/huɛ³¹⁻⁵⁵ kɔi³⁵/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, figurative) meddlesome


垃圾

/lap̚³²⁻⁴ sap̚³²/

/lap̚³²⁻⁵⁴ sap̚³²/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sap̚³²/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ sap̚³²/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² sap̚³²/

/lap̚³²⁻⁴ sap̚³²/

/lap̚³²⁻⁵⁴ sap̚³²/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sap̚³²/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ sap̚³²/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² sap̚³²/

From earlier 擸𢶍 (làsà, “to jumble; jumble; litter”). Reduplication derived from a root (*lap or *sap) meaning "untidy, unclean". The pronunciation "lèsè" is possibly influenced by Wu.
Second syllable of the Mainland Mandarin reading lājī is irregular, resulting from the incorrect association of the rare character in its obsolete form 靸 (sǎ) with the usual pronunciation of its phonetic component (及 (jí)).
Cognate with 邋遢 (lāta, “unclean, untidy, unkempt”) (> 邋邋遢遢, 邋裡邋遢／邋里邋遢).

擸𢶍
磖磼
𧞪䙣
𧙀䙣
儠㒎
𦆻颯
拉颯
垃靸
垃趿

(Hakka, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) dirty; unhygienic


白話

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/paːk̚² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/pak̚³² va³²⁻³²⁵/

/paʔ⁵⁻²¹ uɑ²⁴²/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ua²²/

/peʔ⁴⁻² ue¹¹/

/baʔ¹¹ ɦo²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/paːk̚² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/pak̚³² va³²⁻³²⁵/

/paʔ⁵⁻²¹ uɑ²⁴²/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ua²²/

/peʔ⁴⁻² ue¹¹/

/baʔ¹¹ ɦo²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/paːk̚² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/pak̚³² va³²⁻³²⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ua²²/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Pe̍h-ōe-jī (a Latin alphabet-based orthography for Southern Min); POJ


白話

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/paːk̚² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/pak̚³² va³²⁻³²⁵/

/paʔ⁵⁻²¹ uɑ²⁴²/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ua²²/

/peʔ⁴⁻² ue¹¹/

/baʔ¹¹ ɦo²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/paːk̚² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/pak̚³² va³²⁻³²⁵/

/paʔ⁵⁻²¹ uɑ²⁴²/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ua²²/

/peʔ⁴⁻² ue¹¹/

/baʔ¹¹ ɦo²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/paːk̚² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/pak̚³² va³²⁻³²⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ua²²/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä³/


緣投

缘投
嫣頭
嫣投
沿投
艷投
英都
英卓
鉛骰

/iɛn¹³⁻²² tau¹³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ tau²⁴/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ tau²³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² tau²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tau²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tau²³/

/iɛn¹³⁻²² tau¹³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ tau²⁴/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ tau²³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² tau²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tau²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tau²³/

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) male lover; paramour


山田

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/ʂän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, agriculture) terraced fields; terrace


大概

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² kʰɔːi̯³³/

/taːi̯²² kʰɔːi̯³³⁻³⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ kʰoi̯³¹/

/tʰaɪ³¹ kʰoɪ³¹/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² kʰai⁴¹/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ kʰai¹¹/

/tai³³⁻²¹ kʰai²¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ kʰai²¹/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ kʰai²¹³/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² kʰɔːi̯³³/

/taːi̯²² kʰɔːi̯³³⁻³⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ kʰoi̯³¹/

/tʰaɪ³¹ kʰoɪ³¹/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² kʰai⁴¹/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ kʰai¹¹/

/tai³³⁻²¹ kʰai²¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ kʰai²¹/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ kʰai²¹³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) generous; magnanimous


電火

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/en³² fᵘɔ⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fo³¹/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² he⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ he⁵³/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ he⁵³/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² hə⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ hue⁵³/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ huɛ⁵³/

/tiɛn³³⁻²¹ hue⁴¹/

/tieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hue⁵²/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/en³² fᵘɔ⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fo³¹/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² he⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ he⁵³/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ he⁵³/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² hə⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ hue⁵³/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ huɛ⁵³/

/tiɛn³³⁻²¹ hue⁴¹/

/tieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hue⁵²/


物件

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (物件):
* → Japanese: 物件(ぶっけん) (bukken)
* → Korean: 물건(物件) (mulgeon)

/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/və²⁴ t͡ɕiæ̃²⁴/

/mɐt̚² kiːn²²⁻³⁵/

/mĩ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mĩ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mi(ʔ)⁴³⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mĩ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiã³³/

/mĩ(ʔ)⁴⁻¹ kiã³³/

/mĩ³³⁻²¹ kiã³³/

/mi(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kiã³³/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kiã²²/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kiã³³/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)⁵⁴⁻¹² kiã²²/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)⁴³⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)³⁵⁻² kiã³¹/

/mŋ̍³³⁻¹¹ kiã³³/

/mueʔ⁴⁻² kĩã³⁵/

/məʔ¹¹ t͡ɕi²³/

/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/və²⁴ t͡ɕiæ̃²⁴/

/mɐt̚² kiːn²²⁻³⁵/

/mĩ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mĩ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mi(ʔ)⁴³⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mĩ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiã³³/

/mĩ(ʔ)⁴⁻¹ kiã³³/

/mĩ³³⁻²¹ kiã³³/

/mi(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kiã³³/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kiã²²/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kiã³³/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)⁵⁴⁻¹² kiã²²/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)⁴³⁻²¹ kiã²²/

/mŋ̍(ʔ)³⁵⁻² kiã³¹/

/mŋ̍³³⁻¹¹ kiã³³/

/mueʔ⁴⁻² kĩã³⁵/

/məʔ¹¹ t͡ɕi²³/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) matter; affair; something; business; thing; stuff


白酒

→ English: baijiu

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɛ²¹ t͡ɕiəu⁵³/

/paːk̚² t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³/

/baʔ¹¹ t͡ɕiɤ²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɛ²¹ t͡ɕiəu⁵³/

/paːk̚² t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³/

/baʔ¹¹ t͡ɕiɤ²³/


差不多

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹ b̥u¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaː⁵⁵ pɐt̚⁵ tɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰa⁴² pɨt̚² to⁴²/

/t͡sʰa⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuʔ²⁴⁻²¹ to⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰa³³ put̚⁵⁻²⁴ to³³/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³³ put̚³²⁻⁴ to⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻²² put̚³²⁻⁵ to⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻²² put̚³²⁻⁴ to⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³³ put̚³²⁻⁴ tɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰat̚⁵⁻²⁴ to³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹ b̥u¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaː⁵⁵ pɐt̚⁵ tɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰa⁴² pɨt̚² to⁴²/

/t͡sʰa⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuʔ²⁴⁻²¹ to⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰa³³ put̚⁵⁻²⁴ to³³/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³³ put̚³²⁻⁴ to⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻²² put̚³²⁻⁵ to⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻²² put̚³²⁻⁴ to⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa⁴⁴⁻³³ put̚³²⁻⁴ tɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰat̚⁵⁻²⁴ to³³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) good (of one's behavior)


佗一個

佗一个
佗一个
叨一個
倒一個
搭一個:tah
哪一個

/tɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² e²³/

/to⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sit̚⁴³⁻²¹ e²⁴/

/to⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² e²⁴/

/to⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sit̚⁴³⁻²¹ ɡe²⁴/

/to⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² ɡe²⁴/

/ta(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ e¹³/

/ta⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ e¹³/

/tɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² e²³/

/to⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sit̚⁴³⁻²¹ e²⁴/

/to⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² e²⁴/

/to⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sit̚⁴³⁻²¹ ɡe²⁴/

/to⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² ɡe²⁴/

/ta(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ e¹³/

/ta⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ e¹³/


燒熱

/seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/

/seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/

/siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ zuaʔ⁴/

/sio⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zuaʔ¹²¹/

/seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/

/seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/

/siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ zuaʔ⁴/

/sio⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zuaʔ¹²¹/

/sio⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴/

/sio⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹/

/sio⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴/

/siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ zuaʔ⁴/

/sio⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹/

(Zhangzhou and Philippine Hokkien) to get angry; to flare up; to lose one's temper


理路

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔ²²/

/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lɔ⁴¹/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔ²²/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔ³³/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɔ³³/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔ²²/

/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lɔ⁴¹/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔ²²/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔ³³/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɔ³³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to express appreciation; to treat with courtesy


精英

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ iɪŋ³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ iɪŋ³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/


精英

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ iɪŋ³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ iɪŋ³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be good at understanding others


尾氣

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰui²¹/

/bue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰui²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰui²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰui¹¹/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰui²¹/

/bue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰui²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰui²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰui¹¹/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) condition in one's old age

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) last or dying breath


當時

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² si¹³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² si¹³/

Taiwanese Hokkien “when” probably comes from a semantic shift from “at that time”; the pronunciation difference is used to distinguish the two senses (Yang, 2002).

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be in fashion; to be in vogue


當時

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² si¹³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² si¹³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) in the process of; currently


四散

→ Thai: ซี้ซั้ว (síi-súua)

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ sän⁵¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴² suã²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ suã²¹/

/si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sũã²¹³/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ sän⁵¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴² suã²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ suã²¹/

/si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sũã²¹³/

四散呾

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Singapore Hokkien, Teochew) carelessly; casually; at random; anyhow


白身

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) lonely and impoverished person


白身

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) with no property and no relatives (of a person)


山頭

/ʂän⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/ʂän⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) place in the remote mountains


起身

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sin³³/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ seŋ³³/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sin³³/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ seŋ³³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, euphemistic) to pass away; to die


做陣

/t͡sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tin⁴¹/

/t͡so²¹⁻⁴² tin²²/

/t͡sɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ tin³³/

/t͡sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tin⁴¹/

/t͡so²¹⁻⁴² tin²²/

/t͡sɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ tin³³/

/t͡sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sun⁴¹/

/t͡sɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sun³³/

/t͡so²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sun²²/

/t͡sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sun⁴¹/

/t͡sɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sun³³/

/t͡so²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sun²²/


鐵甲

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiə²⁴ t͡ɕia²⁴/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaʔ³²/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaʔ³²/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaʔ³²/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kaʔ³²/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiə²⁴ t͡ɕia²⁴/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaʔ³²/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaʔ³²/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaʔ³²/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kaʔ³²/

Megalaspis cordyla
Wikispecies:Megalaspis cordyla

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) gwelly; torpedo scad (Megalaspis cordyla)


烏龜

→ Lisu: ꓪꓴꓺ ꓗꓴꓲꓺ (wu̱ ku̱j)

/u⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ʋu⁴⁴ kuɪ⁴⁴/

/u⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ui⁵⁵/

/ɔu⁵³³⁻²¹ ku⁵³³/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ku⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ku⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kui⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kui⁴⁴/

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕy²¹/

/u³³ ku̯e̞i̯³³/

/u⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ʋu⁴⁴ kuɪ⁴⁴/

/u⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ui⁵⁵/

/ɔu⁵³³⁻²¹ ku⁵³³/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ku⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ku⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kui⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kui⁴⁴/

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕy²¹/

/u³³ ku̯e̞i̯³³/

(literary, Singapore, Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) male owner of a brothel


字眼

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siː²² ŋaːn¹³/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯en³¹/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯an³¹/

/li³³⁻¹¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zi²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/zi³³⁻²¹ ɡan⁴¹/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siː²² ŋaːn¹³/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯en³¹/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯an³¹/

/li³³⁻¹¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zi²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/zi³³⁻²¹ ɡan⁴¹/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) reason; sense

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) trivial things; trifling matter


字眼

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siː²² ŋaːn¹³/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯en³¹/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯an³¹/

/li³³⁻¹¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zi²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/zi³³⁻²¹ ɡan⁴¹/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ jɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siː²² ŋaːn¹³/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯en³¹/

/sɨ⁵⁵ ŋi̯an³¹/

/li³³⁻¹¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/d͡zi²²⁻²¹ ɡan⁵³/

/zi³³⁻²¹ ɡan⁴¹/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) interesting; fascinating

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) not knowing how to behave (describing surprise or discontent in a situation)


落屎

→ Mandarin: 烙賽／烙赛 (làosài)

/lau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁵⁵⁴/

/lau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sai⁵²⁻²¹/

/lau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁵⁵⁴/

/lau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sai⁵²⁻²¹/

make a fool of oneself
make a fool of oneself

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to make a fool of oneself


橫流

/xɤŋ³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːŋ²² lɐu̯²¹/

/huãi²⁴⁻¹¹ liu²⁴/

/huãi²³⁻³³ liu²³/

/xɤŋ³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːŋ²² lɐu̯²¹/

/huãi²⁴⁻¹¹ liu²⁴/

/huãi²³⁻³³ liu²³/

/huãi²³⁻³³ lau²³/

/huãi²⁴⁻¹¹ lau²⁴/

/huã¹³⁻²² lau¹³/

/huãi²³⁻³³ lau²³/

/huãi²⁴⁻¹¹ lau²⁴/

/huã¹³⁻²² lau¹³/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to go against the current


轉盤

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/t͡syːn³³ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã²⁴/

/tŋ̍⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ puã²⁴/

/tuĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã¹³/

/t͡suan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã²⁴/

/t͡suan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ puã²⁴/

/t͡suan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/t͡syːn³³ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã²⁴/

/tŋ̍⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ puã²⁴/

/tuĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã¹³/

/t͡suan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã²⁴/

/t͡suan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ puã²⁴/

/t͡suan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ puã¹³/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to transfer contracted shops or goods


無比

/u³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/bu²⁴⁻²² pi⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻²² pi⁵⁵⁴/

/bu¹³⁻²² pi⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻¹¹ pi⁵³/

/bu²³⁻³³ pi⁴¹/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pi⁵²/

/u³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/bu²⁴⁻²² pi⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻²² pi⁵⁵⁴/

/bu¹³⁻²² pi⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻¹¹ pi⁵³/

/bu²³⁻³³ pi⁴¹/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pi⁵²/

/bo¹³⁻²² pi⁵³/

/bo¹³⁻²² pi⁵³/


當家

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tɔːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍³³ ke³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tɔːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍³³ ke³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Buddhist abbot


竹馬

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ mɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ maː¹³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ be⁴¹/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ be⁵³/

/tiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁴¹/

/tiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ mɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ maː¹³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ be⁴¹/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ be⁵³/

/tiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁴¹/

/tiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁵³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ bɛ⁵³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ be⁴¹/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ be⁵³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ bɛ⁵³/

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) bamboo shelf on both ends of a bamboo bed to support the bedboard


化身

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/faː³³ sɐn⁵⁵/

/hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sin³³/

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/faː³³ sɐn⁵⁵/

/hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sin³³/

Calque of Sanskrit निर्माणकाय (nirmāṇakāya, “body of transformations”). The Tibetan equivalent is སྤྲུལ་སྐུ (sprul sku).

calque

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to cremate


新人

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/siŋ³³⁻²³ naŋ⁵⁵/

/seŋ³³⁻²³ naŋ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/siŋ³³⁻²³ naŋ⁵⁵/

/seŋ³³⁻²³ naŋ⁵⁵/

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) bridegroom (man about to be married)


落水

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔːk̚² sɵy̯³⁵/

/lɔk̚⁵ suɪ³¹/

/lo(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sui⁵³/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ t͡sui⁴¹/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔːk̚² sɵy̯³⁵/

/lɔk̚⁵ suɪ³¹/

/lo(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sui⁵³/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ t͡sui⁴¹/

/lau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/lau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to shrink when soaked in water (of fabric)


鼓吹

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/kuː³⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰui³³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/kuː³⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰui³³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui⁴⁴/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯³³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁻³⁵ t͡sʰə³³/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰə³³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻²⁴ t͡sʰə⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯³³/

/kuː³⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁻³⁵ t͡sʰə³³/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰə³³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻²⁴ t͡sʰə⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/

/kɔu⁴⁵³⁻²¹ t͡sʰuei⁵³³/

/kɔu³³²⁻²¹ t͡sʰuei⁵³³/

/kɔu⁴⁵³⁻²¹ t͡sʰuei⁵³³/

/kɔu³³²⁻²¹ t͡sʰuei⁵³³/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) trumpet; horn (wind instrument)


大調

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² tiːu̯²²/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² tiːu̯²²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Beiguan (a type of traditional Chinese music that was widespread in southern Fujian and Taiwan)


陷坑

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

/haːm²² haːŋ⁵⁵/

/ham⁴¹⁻²² kʰĩ³³/

/ham³³⁻¹¹ kʰĩ⁴⁴/

/ham²²⁻²¹ kʰĩ⁴⁴/

/ham²²⁻²¹ kʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/ham³³⁻²¹ kʰẽ⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

/haːm²² haːŋ⁵⁵/

/ham⁴¹⁻²² kʰĩ³³/

/ham³³⁻¹¹ kʰĩ⁴⁴/

/ham²²⁻²¹ kʰĩ⁴⁴/

/ham²²⁻²¹ kʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/ham³³⁻²¹ kʰẽ⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) trap; snare


起動

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/hei̯³⁵ tʊŋ²²/

/kʰi³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɔyŋ²⁴²/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ³³/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ²²/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ taŋ³³/

/kʰi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ taŋ²²/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/hei̯³⁵ tʊŋ²²/

/kʰi³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɔyŋ²⁴²/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ³³/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ²²/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ taŋ³³/

/kʰi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ taŋ²²/

/kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/

/kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/


紙巾

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡sua⁵²⁻³⁵ kɯŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡sua⁵²⁻³⁵ kɯŋ³³/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) toilet paper


健身

/kiã³³⁻¹¹ sin⁴⁴/

/kiã³³⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

/kiã²²⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

/kĩã¹¹ siŋ³³/

/kiã³³⁻¹¹ sin⁴⁴/

/kiã³³⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

/kiã²²⁻²¹ sin⁴⁴/

/kĩã¹¹ siŋ³³/

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) burly; well-built; strong and healthy; robust


魔神

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂən³⁵/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² sin²⁴/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² sin²⁴/

/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² sin¹³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ sin²⁴/

/mɔ̃²³⁻³³ sin²³/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂən³⁵/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² sin²⁴/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² sin²⁴/

/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² sin¹³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ sin²⁴/

/mɔ̃²³⁻³³ sin²³/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) rambling and unreasonable person; lunatic


價值

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕia⁴⁴ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/

/kaː³³ t͡sɪk̚²/

/ka⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨt̚⁵/

/ka²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾liʔ⁵/

/ke²¹⁻⁴¹ tat̚⁴/

/ke²¹⁻⁵³ tat̚⁴/

/ke¹¹⁻⁵³ tat̚⁴/

/ke⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tat̚²⁴/

/kɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tat̚¹²¹/

/ka²¹⁻⁴¹ tit̚⁴/

/ka¹¹⁻⁵³ tit̚⁴/

/ka²¹⁻⁵³ tit̚⁴/

/ka⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tit̚²⁴/

/kɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tit̚¹²¹/

/ka⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tat̚²⁴/

/ke²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tak̚⁴/

/ka³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕia⁴⁴ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/

/kaː³³ t͡sɪk̚²/

/ka⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨt̚⁵/

/ka²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾liʔ⁵/

/ke²¹⁻⁴¹ tat̚⁴/

/ke²¹⁻⁵³ tat̚⁴/

/ke¹¹⁻⁵³ tat̚⁴/

/ke⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tat̚²⁴/

/kɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tat̚¹²¹/

/ka²¹⁻⁴¹ tit̚⁴/

/ka¹¹⁻⁵³ tit̚⁴/

/ka²¹⁻⁵³ tit̚⁴/

/ka⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tit̚²⁴/

/kɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tit̚¹²¹/

/ka⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tat̚²⁴/

/ke²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tak̚⁴/

/ka³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) worthwhile


酒瓶

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pan²⁴/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ bin⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/t͡siu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pan²⁴/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ bin⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)


手勢

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɐu̯³⁵ sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ se²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ se¹¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ se²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ se⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵²⁻³⁵ si²¹³/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɐu̯³⁵ sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ se²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ se¹¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ se²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ se⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵²⁻³⁵ si²¹³/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ si⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ si⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) fortune (usually from raising poultry)


加減

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (加減):
* → Japanese: 加(か)減(げん) (kagen)
* → Korean: 가감(加減) (gagam)

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³/

/kɛ³³⁻²¹ kiam⁴⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³/

/kɛ³³⁻²¹ kiam⁴⁴⁵/

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) casually; carelessly


欠缺

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁵³ kʰeʔ³²/

/kʰiam¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰeʔ³²/

/kʰiam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰəʔ⁵/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰueʔ³²/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁵³ kʰueʔ³²/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰuat̚³²/

/kʰiam¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰuat̚³²/

/kʰiam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰuat̚⁵/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁵³ kʰuat̚³²/

/kʰiam²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kʰueʔ²/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁵³ kʰeʔ³²/

/kʰiam¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰeʔ³²/

/kʰiam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰəʔ⁵/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰueʔ³²/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁵³ kʰueʔ³²/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰuat̚³²/

/kʰiam¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰuat̚³²/

/kʰiam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰuat̚⁵/

/kʰiam²¹⁻⁵³ kʰuat̚³²/

/kʰiam²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kʰueʔ²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to not lack; to not be deficient in; to not be short of


鮮色

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) sky blue; azure


阿娘

/ˀä⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/a²⁴ niɑŋ²⁴/

/aː³³ nœːŋ²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² niã²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ niã²⁴/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niã²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ niã²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ niã²³/

/an⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niã²⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ nie⁵⁵/

/a³³⁻²³ nio⁵⁵/

/a⁵⁵ n̠ʲiã²¹/

/aʔ³³ n̠ʲiã⁴⁴/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/a²⁴ niɑŋ²⁴/

/aː³³ nœːŋ²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² niã²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ niã²⁴/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niã²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ niã²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ niã²³/

/an⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niã²⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ nie⁵⁵/

/a³³⁻²³ nio⁵⁵/

/a⁵⁵ n̠ʲiã²¹/

/aʔ³³ n̠ʲiã⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃¹³/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niũ²⁴/

/an⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niũ²⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ nia⁵⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃¹³/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niũ²⁴/

/an⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ niũ²⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ nia⁵⁵/

(Southern Min, dated) mistress (a female master)

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) A term of address used by a maidservant for the mistress.


鬱屈

/ut̚³²⁻⁵ kʰut̚³²/

/ut̚³²⁻⁴ kʰut̚³²/

/ut̚³²⁻⁵ kʰut̚³²/

/ut̚³²⁻⁴ kʰut̚³²/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to treat unjustly; to wrong; to receive unjust treatment; to aggrieve


走廊

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ lɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ lɔːŋ²¹/

/t͡sɛu²¹³⁻¹³ lɔŋ³⁵/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ¹³/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²³/

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ lɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ lɔːŋ²¹/

/t͡sɛu²¹³⁻¹³ lɔŋ³⁵/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ¹³/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) balcony of a building


大木

/tua²²⁻²¹ bak̚¹²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ bak̚¹²¹/


目地

/bak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/bak̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

/bak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/bak̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) eye-catching or striking quality (used with 無／无 (bô))


熱狂

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ²⁴/

/d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔŋ¹³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ²⁴/

/d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔŋ¹³/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be fanatic about; to be extremely enthusiastic about


坐班

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ pän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔː¹³ paːn⁵⁵/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ pan⁴⁴/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ pän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔː¹³ paːn⁵⁵/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ pan⁴⁴/

(Wanrong Mandarin, Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be imprisoned; to be in prison


白水

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sui⁵³/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sui⁵³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Tanka (group of people living in junks)


桌布

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːk̚³ pou̯³³/

/t͡sœːk̚³ pou̯³³/

/toʔ²⁴⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuɔ²¹³/

/to(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ pɔ²¹/

/tɤ(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ pɔ²¹/

/to(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ pɔ¹¹/

/to(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² pɔ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːk̚³ pou̯³³/

/t͡sœːk̚³ pou̯³³/

/toʔ²⁴⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuɔ²¹³/

/to(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ pɔ²¹/

/tɤ(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ pɔ²¹/

/to(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ pɔ¹¹/

/to(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² pɔ²¹/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) person who is not good at anything but wants to help out in many things


入格

Sino-Xenic (入格):
* → Japanese: 入格(にゅうかく) (nyūkaku)
* → Korean: 입격(入格) (ipgyeok)

/d͡zip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɛʔ³²/

/d͡zip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɛʔ³²/

(literary or Zhangzhou Hokkien) to qualify; to reach a standard


白子

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi⁵³/

/baʔ¹¹ t͡sz̩²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi⁵³/

/baʔ¹¹ t͡sz̩²³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) white keys (of a piano)


㜅

(Hokkien, dated in Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) pretty; beautiful


生成

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ²⁴ saŋ¹¹/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ²⁴/

/sĩ³³ siɪŋ²⁴/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ²⁴/

/sẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ²³/

/sɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ²⁴/

/sẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siã²³/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siã²⁴/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siã²⁴/

/sẽ³³⁻²³ seŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ²⁴ saŋ¹¹/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ²⁴/

/sĩ³³ siɪŋ²⁴/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ²⁴/

/sẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ²³/

/sɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ²⁴/

/sẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siã²³/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siã²⁴/

/sĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siã²⁴/

/sẽ³³⁻²³ seŋ⁵⁵/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) anyway; in any case; whatever happens


反車

/faːn³⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/piɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/faːn³⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/piɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be bothered all the time

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to reverse a decision


公家

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/koŋ³³⁻²³ ke³³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/koŋ³³⁻²³ ke³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to work together; to operate jointly


公家

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/koŋ³³⁻²³ ke³³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/koŋ³³⁻²³ ke³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

公家出

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) jointly; together


䆀

心情䆀

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) bad; not good; disappointing; of poor quality

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, euphemistic) to die (usually of children; also of adults in Zhangzhou)


㾀

† - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) ugly

(Xiamen Hokkien, euphemistic) to pass away; to die

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, euphemistic) to pass away; to die (of a child)

to pass away; to die
to pass away; to die (of a child)

(Hainanese, Leizhou Min) bad; not good
(Zhangzhou Hokkien) of bad character


利市

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/lɐi̯²² siː²²/

/li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³/

/li³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/li²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²²/

/li³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/lɐi̯²² siː²²/

/li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³/

/li³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/li²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²²/

/li³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, of a business) prosperous


無臭

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵¹/

/u³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/mou̯²¹ t͡sʰɐu̯³³/

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵¹/

/u³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/mou̯²¹ t͡sʰɐu̯³³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁴¹/

/bo¹³⁻²² t͡sʰau²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰau¹¹/

/bɤ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰau²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁴¹/

/bo¹³⁻²² t͡sʰau²¹/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰau¹¹/

/bɤ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰau²¹/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to go too far; to be beyond what is acceptable; to be unreasonable; to be excessive


大姐

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɛː³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɛː³⁵⁻⁵⁵/

/ˈtʰai¹¹ t͡ɕia²¹³/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɛː³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɛː³⁵⁻⁵⁵/

/ˈtʰai¹¹ t͡ɕia²¹³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) official wife (as opposed to a concubine)


土匪

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu⁵³⁻¹¹ fei⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hui⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hui⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hui⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hui⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hui⁴¹/

/tʰou⁵²⁻³⁵ hũĩ⁵²⁻²¹/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu⁵³⁻¹¹ fei⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hui⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hui⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hui⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hui⁵³/

/tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hui⁴¹/

/tʰou⁵²⁻³⁵ hũĩ⁵²⁻²¹/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) evil; outrageous; lawbreaking


作孽

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːk̚³ jiːt̚²/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡiɛt̚²⁴/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ ɡiɛt̚¹²¹/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡soʔ³³ n̠ʲiɪʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡soʔ⁴⁴ n̠ʲiɪʔ¹²/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːk̚³ jiːt̚²/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡiɛt̚²⁴/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ ɡiɛt̚¹²¹/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡soʔ³³ n̠ʲiɪʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡soʔ⁴⁴ n̠ʲiɪʔ¹²/

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to make or cause trouble; to be mischievous


姆媽

/m̩⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁵³/

/m̩³³ ma̠³³/

/m̩³³ mä⁴⁴⁵/

/m̩⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁵³/

/m̩³³ ma̠³³/

/m̩³³ mä⁴⁴⁵/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Alternative form of 咉媽／咉妈 (“grandmother”)


做人

tobe a person; to perform/work/be (with) other people

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/tu³³ ᵑɡin²²/

/t͡sɵ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ naŋ¹³/

/t͡sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sue¹¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sue²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ laŋ²³/

/t͡so²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/tu³³ ᵑɡin²²/

/t͡sɵ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ naŋ¹³/

/t͡sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sue¹¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sue²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ laŋ²³/

/t͡so²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/

Our daughter got engaged last year already.

阮查某囝舊年做人囉。

阮查某囝旧年做人啰。

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, of a woman) to be engaged; to be bethrothed


上頭

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/sœːŋ²² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/soŋ⁵⁵ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/zɑ̃²² dɤ⁴⁴/

/zɑ̃²² døy³³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/sœːŋ²² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/soŋ⁵⁵ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/zɑ̃²² dɤ⁴⁴/

/zɑ̃²² døy³³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/sœːŋ²² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²² tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²² tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu¹¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu¹¹/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) initially; at first


上頭

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/sœːŋ²² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/soŋ⁵⁵ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/zɑ̃²² dɤ⁴⁴/

/zɑ̃²² døy³³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/sœːŋ²² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/soŋ⁵⁵ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/zɑ̃²² dɤ⁴⁴/

/zɑ̃²² døy³³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/sœːŋ²² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²² tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²² tʰau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu¹¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ tʰəu¹¹/

(literary or Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) front


阿哥

/a⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

Phono-semantic matching of Manchu ᠠᡤᡝ (age).

psm

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Manchu male or noble

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, derogatory) effeminate man


窪田

/ua²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰan¹³/

/ua²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰan¹³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to soak the field; to macerate the field


吊燈

/ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/tiːu̯³³ tɐŋ⁵⁵/

/tiau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tiɪŋ³³/

/tiau²¹⁻⁵³ tiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/tiːu̯³³ tɐŋ⁵⁵/

/tiau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tiɪŋ³³/

/tiau²¹⁻⁵³ tiɪŋ⁴⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) eye with a scar on one's eyelid


坐不住

ㄗㄨㄛˋ ˙ㄅㄨ ㄓㄨˋ

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɔː¹³ pɐt̚⁵ t͡syː²²/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɔː¹³ pɐt̚⁵ t͡syː²²/

/t͡sʰe²²⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁵ t͡su²²/

/t͡sʰe²²⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁵ t͡su²²/


長尾星

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ mi²⁴⁻¹¹ sen²⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻²¹ bue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡sʰɛ̃³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ bue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ bue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ mi²⁴⁻¹¹ sen²⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻²¹ bue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡sʰɛ̃³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ bue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ bue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) bearer of ill luck; person with the evil eye


尾椎

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mei̯¹³ t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sui⁴⁴/

/bə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sui³³/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mei̯¹³ t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sui⁴⁴/

/bə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sui³³/

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) rump of a fowl; uropygium


額數

/ɡia(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/ɡia(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/ɡia(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/ɡia(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/


疼痛

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵¹/

/tʰɐŋ²¹ tʰʊŋ³³/

/tʰɔŋ¹³⁻²² tʰiã²¹/

/tʰɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiã²¹/

/tʰŋ̍²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴¹/

/tʰaŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ tʰiã²¹/

/tʰaŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ tʰiã¹¹/

/toŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹³/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵¹/

/tʰɐŋ²¹ tʰʊŋ³³/

/tʰɔŋ¹³⁻²² tʰiã²¹/

/tʰɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiã²¹/

/tʰŋ̍²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴¹/

/tʰaŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ tʰiã²¹/

/tʰaŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ tʰiã¹¹/

/toŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹³/

/tʰiã²¹⁻⁵³ tʰaŋ²¹/

/tʰiã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰaŋ⁴¹/

/tʰiã²¹⁻⁵³ tʰaŋ²¹/

/tʰiã¹¹⁻⁵³ tʰaŋ¹¹/

/tʰiã²¹⁻⁴¹ tʰaŋ²¹/

/tʰiã²¹⁻⁵³ tʰaŋ²¹/

/tʰiã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰaŋ⁴¹/

/tʰiã²¹⁻⁵³ tʰaŋ²¹/

/tʰiã¹¹⁻⁵³ tʰaŋ¹¹/

/tʰiã²¹⁻⁴¹ tʰaŋ²¹/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to take care of; to show care to


龍骨

/lʊŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ kʷɐt̚⁵/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kut̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kut̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kut̚⁵/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kut̚³²/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kut̚³²/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kut̚³²/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kut̚³²/

/lʊŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ kʷɐt̚⁵/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kut̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kut̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kut̚⁵/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kut̚³²/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kut̚³²/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kut̚³²/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kut̚³²/

(Hakka, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) vertebra


洗浴

/ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/

/sɐi̯³⁵ jʊk̚²/

/sue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪk̚⁴/

/sue⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iak̚²⁴/

/sue⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiak̚²⁴/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɪk̚⁴/

/se⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪk̚¹²¹/

/se⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɪk̚⁴/

/soi⁵²⁻³⁵ ek̚⁴/

/ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/

/sɐi̯³⁵ jʊk̚²/

/sue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪk̚⁴/

/sue⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iak̚²⁴/

/sue⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiak̚²⁴/

/se⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɪk̚⁴/

/se⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪk̚¹²¹/

/se⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɪk̚⁴/

/soi⁵²⁻³⁵ ek̚⁴/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to swim in the sea


魚鰾

/y³⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ pʰiːu̯¹³/

/jyː²¹ piːu̯⁵⁵/

/hɯ²⁴⁻²² pio²²/

/hu²⁴⁻¹¹ pio³³/

/hi²⁴⁻²² pio²²/

/hi²³⁻³³ piɤ³³/

/hi¹³⁻²² pio²²/

/hɯ²⁴⁻²² pio³³/

/hɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰie³⁵/

/hɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰio³⁵/

/y³⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ pʰiːu̯¹³/

/jyː²¹ piːu̯⁵⁵/

/hɯ²⁴⁻²² pio²²/

/hu²⁴⁻¹¹ pio³³/

/hi²⁴⁻²² pio²²/

/hi²³⁻³³ piɤ³³/

/hi¹³⁻²² pio²²/

/hɯ²⁴⁻²² pio³³/

/hɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰie³⁵/

/hɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰio³⁵/

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) fish testis; milt


目睭毛

/bak̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/bak̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/bak̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/bak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² mɔ̃¹³/

/bak̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/bak̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/bak̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/bak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² mɔ̃¹³/


鹹菜

→ English: kiam chye, kiamchay (via Hokkien)

→ Macanese: hám-chói

desc

→ Thai: เกี้ยมไฉ่

→ Thai: เกี้ยมไฉ่ (via Teochew)

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/haːm²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/ham⁴² t͡ʃʰɔi²⁴/

/kiam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai²¹³/

/ɦe²² t͡sʰe⁴⁴/

/ɦe²² t͡sʰe³³/

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/haːm²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/ham⁴² t͡ʃʰɔi²⁴/

/kiam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai²¹³/

/ɦe²² t͡sʰe⁴⁴/

/ɦe²² t͡sʰe³³/

(Guangzhou Cantonese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka, Teochew) pickled mustard greens


芥蒂

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/kaːi̯³³ tɐi̯³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/kaːi̯³³ tɐi̯³³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) connection; relationship; interrelation


𨑨

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) Used in 𨑨迌.


孔明車

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻²⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻²⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

(Hokkien, dated in Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) bicycle


插花

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaːp̚³ faː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hua⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰaʔ²⁻⁴ hue³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaːp̚³ faː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hua⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰaʔ²⁻⁴ hue³³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) sacrificial offering for one's kin one month or 49 days after death


味素

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

/i²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lou²¹³/

/bi³³⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/bi³³⁻¹¹ sɔ¹¹/

/bi²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

/i²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lou²¹³/

/bi³³⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/bi³³⁻¹¹ sɔ¹¹/

/bi²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 味の素 (Ajinomoto).

obor

monosodium glutamate
monosodium glutamate

(chiefly Hakka, Eastern Min, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) monosodium glutamate


服藥

/fu³⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fʊk̚² jœːk̚²/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɤʔ⁴/

/hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ioʔ¹²¹/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² ioʔ⁴/

/fu³⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fʊk̚² jœːk̚²/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɤʔ⁴/

/hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ioʔ¹²¹/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² ioʔ⁴/

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to pay for medical expenses


落屎星

/lau²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/lau¹¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/lau²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/lau²¹⁻³³ sai⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡sʰɛ̃³³/

/lau²¹⁻⁴¹ sai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/lau²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/lau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sai⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰẽ³³/

/lau²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/lau¹¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/lau²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/lau²¹⁻³³ sai⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡sʰɛ̃³³/

/lau²¹⁻⁴¹ sai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/lau²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/lau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sai⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰẽ³³/


大食

/tä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/taːi̯²² sɪk̚²/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ sɨt̚⁵/

/tuai²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lieʔ⁵/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² t͡siaʔ²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡siaʔ¹²¹/

/tä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/taːi̯²² sɪk̚²/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ sɨt̚⁵/

/tuai²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lieʔ⁵/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² t͡siaʔ²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡siaʔ¹²¹/

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, of a tool, e.g. a knife) penetrating deeper or more frequently


細漢

/sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ han⁴¹/

/se²¹⁻⁴¹ han²¹/

/se²¹⁻⁵³ han²¹/

/sue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ han⁴¹/

/se²¹⁻⁴¹ han²¹/

/se²¹⁻⁵³ han²¹/

細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛／细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛

sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû

細漢煩惱伊袂大，大漢煩惱伊袂娶／细汉烦恼伊袂大，大汉烦恼伊袂娶

sè-hàn hoân-ló i bē tōa, tōa-hàn hoân-ló i bē chhōa

Unfortunately, it is quite short; it needs to look back and forth to be safe

蕭Lah-jih (Siau Lah-jih), 水pī仔水--ni̍h泅 (Chúi-pī-á chúi--nih siû)

Khó-sioh seⁿ-chiâⁿ khah sè-hàn, Su-iàu koan-chêng kò͘-āu chiah-bē gûi-hiám

可惜生成較細漢，需要觀前顧後才bē危險

可惜生成较细汉，需要观前顾后才bē危险

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, of stature) short


年兜

/niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nau⁵³³/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² tau⁴⁴/

/ni²⁴⁻²² tau³³/

/ni²⁴⁻²¹ tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² tau³³/

/niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nau⁵³³/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² tau⁴⁴/

/ni²⁴⁻²² tau³³/

/ni²⁴⁻²¹ tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ tau⁴⁴/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² tau³³/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) beginning of the year in the Chinese calendar (first three to fifteen days)

Chinese calendar
Chinese calendar#English

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Puxian Min) end of the year (especially in the Chinese calendar)


趁心

/ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɐn³³ sɐm⁵⁵/

/tʰan²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɐn³³ sɐm⁵⁵/

/tʰan²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) glad; happy; pleased


正聲

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁵³ siã⁴⁴/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁵³ siã⁴⁴/


豬仔

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/t͡si³³ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ə⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/tu⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/t͡si³³ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ə⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/tu⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

供豬仔

供猪仔

(Hakka; Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) pig


出水

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁴¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁴¹/

(Taiwanese Hakka, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to give vent to one's anger

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to undertake the duty; to assume responsibility


鹹淡

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ tän⁵¹/

/kiam²³⁻³³ tã³³/

/kiam²⁴⁻²² tã²²/

/kiam²⁴⁻¹¹ tã³³/

/kiam¹³⁻²² tã²²/

/kiam²⁴⁻²² tã²²/

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ tän⁵¹/

/kiam²³⁻³³ tã³³/

/kiam²⁴⁻²² tã²²/

/kiam²⁴⁻¹¹ tã³³/

/kiam¹³⁻²² tã²²/

/kiam²⁴⁻²² tã²²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) slightly salty without being too salty


昨仔日

/t͡sa⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/t͡sa⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚¹²¹/


紅毛塗

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹² mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹² tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² mɔ̃¹³⁻²² tʰɔ¹³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³⁻³³ tʰɔ²³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻³³ bun²⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻³³ mɔ̃⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²⁴/

/a²⁴⁻³³ bun²⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²² mɔ²² tʰɛu²²/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹² mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹² tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² mɔ̃¹³⁻²² tʰɔ¹³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³⁻³³ tʰɔ²³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻³³ bun²⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻³³ mɔ̃⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²⁴/

/a²⁴⁻³³ bun²⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²⁴/

/aŋ²² mɔ²² tʰɛu²²/

巩红毛涂 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
khōng âng-mn̂g-thô͘ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, Zhongshan Min) cement


阿嫂

→ English: Ah Soh

/aː³³ sou̯³⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sau³¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ so⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² so⁴²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² so⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ⁴¹/

/a³³⁻²³ so⁵²/

/aː³³ sou̯³⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sau³¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ so⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² so⁴²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² so⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ⁴¹/

/a³³⁻²³ so⁵²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, direct address, euphemistic) mother


丈人公

/tiũ²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiũ³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiũ³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiũ²² laŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/

/tiɔ̃²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiũ²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiũ³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiũ³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiũ²² laŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/

/tiɔ̃²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

(Gan; Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Chaoyang Hokkien; Puxian Min; Shaojiang Min; Loudi Xiang) father-in-law (wife's father)


顛踱

颠踱
顛倒
癲倒
天矺
天㼠
顚倒
天酡

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰoʔ⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɤʔ⁴/

/tʰiɛn³³ tʰoʔ²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰoʔ⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰoʔ¹²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰoʔ⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɤʔ⁴/

/tʰiɛn³³ tʰoʔ²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰoʔ⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰoʔ¹²¹/

(Hokkien) to fool around; to mess around; to behave absurdly; to be ill-mannered; to act impertinently; to act ridiculously; to behave frivolously; to be irrational; to act irresponsibly

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to fool around; to play the fool; to play around; to monkey around; to be cheeky; to behave mischievously; to act erratically; to be absurd; to act stupidly; to be silly


參屄

/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² pe⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² pe⁴⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) female genitalia; vagina; vulva


拍手銃

拍手铳
打手槍
打手銃
扑手銃

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)⁵ t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/pʰa⁵⁵ t͡sʰiu³¹ t͡sʰuaŋ²¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)⁵ t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/pʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/pʰa⁵⁵ t͡sʰiu³¹ t͡sʰuaŋ²¹/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, vulgar) crude; rash; careless


淋搪

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰŋ̍³³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰŋ̍²²/

/lam²³⁻³³ tʰŋ̍³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tʰŋ̍²²/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰŋ̍³³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰŋ̍²²/

/lam²³⁻³³ tʰŋ̍³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tʰŋ̍²²/

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) enamel


空歁

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰam⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴²/

/kʰɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kʰam⁴⁴⁵/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰam⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ³³ kʰam⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰam⁴¹/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰam⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴²/

/kʰɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kʰam⁴⁴⁵/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰam⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ³³ kʰam⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰam⁴¹/

(Taiwanese, Singapore and Zhangzhou Hokkien) foolish; stupid


鮮尺

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɤʔ³²/

/t͡sʰĩ³³ t͡sʰioʔ⁵/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɤʔ³²/

/t͡sʰĩ³³ t͡sʰioʔ⁵/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰioʔ³²/

/t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰioʔ³²/

(Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, of one's clothes) neat; tidy; fresh


開銷

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/kʰe⁵⁵ ɕiɔ²¹/

/kʰai̯³³ si̯ɒu̯³³/

/kʰai̯³³ ɕi̯ɒu̯³³/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/kʰe⁵⁵ ɕiɔ²¹/

/kʰai̯³³ si̯ɒu̯³³/

/kʰai̯³³ ɕi̯ɒu̯³³/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, euphemistic, dated) to frequent prostitutes


大大拇

/tua²²⁻²¹ tua²²⁻²¹ bo⁵³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ tua²²⁻²¹ bo⁵³/


大臼拇

/tua²²⁻²¹ kʰu²²⁻²¹ bu⁵³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ kʰu²²⁻²¹ bu⁵³/


䆀康

/bai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/bai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Alternative form of 䆀空 (“poor”)


地蟲

/tɔ²²⁻²¹ tʰaŋ¹³/

/tɔ²²⁻²¹ tʰaŋ¹³/


甘杞

/kam⁴⁴⁻²² ki⁵³/

/kam⁴⁴⁻²² ki⁵³/

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) (Chinese) wolfberry (the plant)


茄仔色

/kio¹³⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/kiɤ²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/kio²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/kio²⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/kio¹³⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/kiɤ²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/kio²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/kio²⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

(Hakka, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) purple; violet; aubergine


針車仔

/t͡siam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/t͡siam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/


䆀勢

/bai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

/bai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²¹/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) embarrassed; shy; ill at ease