dzień dobry

desc

дзе́нь до́бры

→ Belarusian: дзе́нь до́бры (dzjénʹ dóbry) (calque)

→ Silesian: dziyń dobry (calque)

де́нь до́брий

→ Ukrainian: де́нь до́брий (dénʹ dóbryj) (calque)

/ˈd͡ʑɛɲ ˈdɔ.brɘ/

Literally, “good day”. The original, now dated, form was dobry dzień (which see for more), which at some point began to be pronounced as dobrydzień (now dated and dialectal) with the stress on -bry-; to prevent the spread of that rural form, the words were rearranged.

(idiomatic) good day, good morning, good afternoon


nie

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne
Proto-Slavic *ne
Old Polish nie
Polish nie
Inherited from Old Polish nie.


do widzenia

Literally, “to seeing [each other]”. Compare Serbo-Croatian doviđenja, French au revoir.


cześć

cześć (nominative singular)
czci (genitive singular)
czci (dative singular)
cześć (accusative singular)
czcią (instrumental singular)
czci (locative singular)
czci (singular vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷeyt-
Proto-Slavic *čь̏stь
Old Polish cześć
Polish cześć
Inherited from Old Polish cześć.


dobranoc

Univerbation of dobra + noc. Compare dated/dialectal dobrydzień and Samogitian labanakt.

(idiomatic) good night (used to wish someone a good night's sleep or to say goodbye for the evening)


witaj

Second-person singular imperative of witać.


proszę

Proszę wyrzucić śmieci.


witajcie

Second-person plural imperative of witać.

welcome, hello said to more than one person


czy mówisz po angielsku

do you speak English
do you speak English


ile masz lat

(idiomatic, informal, to a single person) how old are you?


dzięki

dzięki (nominative plural)
dzięków (genitive plural)
dziękom (dative plural)
dzięki (accusative plural)
dziękami (instrumental plural)
dziękach (locative plural)
dzięki (plural vocative)

From dzięka + i, which was also displaced by this term. Compare Czech díky. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from German dank, French grâce à, and English thanks to.

sl

(literary) thanks (expression of gratitude)


co słychać

(colloquial, idiomatic) how are you?, how's it going?, what's up? (what's happening?; what are you doing?)


jak masz na imię

(idiomatic, informal) what is your name?


jak się masz

→ Belarusian: як ма́ешся (jak máješsja)

desc

→ Ukrainian: як ся ма́єш (jak sja máješ)

Literally, “how do you have [yourself]?”, or more loosely translated as “how do you fare?”. Compare Czech jak se máš, Danish hvordan har du det, Latin quōmodo tē habēs.


miło mi cię poznać

(idiomatic, informal) nice to meet you, pleased to meet you


reszty nie trzeba

/ˈrɛʂ.tɘ ɲɛ‿ˈtʂɛ.ba/


co ty na to

/ˈt͡sɔ ˈtɘ na‿ˈtɔ/

(idiomatic, informal) what do you think?, what say you?


jak tam

(colloquial, idiomatic) how's [with nominative ‘something’]


Polak nie wielbłąd, pić musi

Literally, “a Pole isn't a camel; he needs to drink”.


pijmy, bo wódka stygnie

Literally, “let's drink, because the vodka is cooling down”.


branoc

(colloquial) g'night (used to bid someone farewell at night)


dobrydzień

/dɔˈbrɘ.d͡ʑɛɲ/

Univerbation of dobry dzień. Compare dobranoc. Cognate with Ukrainian добри́день (dobrýdenʹ), Belarusian дабры́дзень (dabrýdzjenʹ).

(dated or regional) alternative form of dobry dzień


dobrej nocy

(idiomatic) have a good night (used to wish someone a good night's sleep or to say goodbye for the evening)


niech będzie pochwalony Jezus Chrystus

/ˈɲɛx ˈbɛɲ.d͡ʑɛ pɔ.xfaˈlɔ.nɘ ˈjɛ.zus ˈxrɘs.tus/

Literally, “praised be Jesus Christ”. Calque of Latin laudētur Jesus Chrīstus.

niech będzie pochwalony (alternative)
pochwalony (alternative)

praised be Jesus Christ
praised be Jesus Christ

(idiomatic, Roman Catholicism) praised be Jesus Christ (Christian greeting used today for clergy)


niech będzie pochwalony

Literally, “praised be”. Ellipsis of niech będzie pochwalony Jezus Chrystus.

ellipsis

niech będzie pochwalony Jezus Chrystus#Polish

(idiomatic, Roman Catholicism) alternative form of niech będzie pochwalony Jezus Chrystus


na wieki wieków

Literally, “for the aeons of the aeons”. Calque of Latin in saecula saeculōrum.

na wieki wieków, amen
na wieki wieków, amen#Polish

(idiomatic, Roman Catholicism) alternative form of na wieki wieków, amen


na wieki wieków, amen

Literally, “for the aeons of the aeons, amen”.

lit

for ever and ever, amen
for ever and ever, amen

(idiomatic, Roman Catholicism) for ever and ever, amen (used as a traditional response to the greeting niech będzie pochwalony Jezus Chrystus or any other greeting of a religious nature)