injunction

/ɪnˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃən/

From Middle English iniunccyon, iniunccion, from Old French injonctïon, from Latin iniūnctiō (“command, injunction”).

The act of enjoining; the act of directing, commanding, or prohibiting.

[…]she added, “Lizzy, I insist upon your staying and hearing Mr. Collins.” Elizabeth would not oppose such an injunction—and a moment's consideration making her also sensible that it would be wisest to get it over as soon and as quietly as possible, […].

1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter XIX, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, pages 242–243:

Its verbs are conjugated in a way that defies all the injunctions of the grammar books; it has its contumacious rules of tense, number and case; […]

[1921 [1919], H. L. Mencken, chapter 39, in The American Language, 2nd edition, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 262:

At the end of the Falklands war two years earlier too, the Queen, whose second son, Andrew, had served as a helicopter pilot with the task force, was singularly untriumphalist and showed no inclination to follow her prime minister’s injunction to rejoice at victory.

2022 September 8, Stephen Bates, “Queen Elizabeth II obituary”, in The Guardian:

That which is enjoined; such as an order, mandate, decree, command, precept.

Southwark council, which took out the injunction against Matt, believes YouTube has become the "new playground" for gang members.

2012 April 19, Josh Halliday, “Free speech haven or lawless cesspool – can the internet be civilised?”, in The Guardian:

The judges said Trump must issue new orders reflecting the permanent injunction within 10 days.

2025 May 29, Kalyeena Makortoff, “US federal court blocks Trump from imposing sweeping tariffs”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(law) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.


dispositif

dispositifs (plural)
dispositive (alternative)

terms expressing the notion for court decision under common law

(sociology) According to Michel Foucault, the aggregate of institutional, physical and administrative mechanisms and knowledge structures that enhance and maintain the exercise of power within society.


dispositif

En censurant l’essentiel de la loi dite « Avia », jeudi 18 juin, le Conseil constitutionnel a mis à bas un dispositif adopté en mai, destiné à imposer aux géants du numérique de retirer les incitations à la haine, à la violence et au terrorisme, ainsi que les injures à caractère raciste ou sexiste et les images pornographiques représentant des mineurs.

2020 June 19, “Stopper la haine sur Internet”, in Le Monde:

By censuring most of the so-called "Avia" law, on Thursday the 18th of June, the Constitutional Council scrapped a dispositif adopted in May, intended to require the digital giants to remove incitements to hatred, violence, and terrorism, as well as insults of a racist or sexist character, and pornographic images depicting minors.


Forum

de-noun

Forum n (strong, genitive Forums, plural Foren)

Forums (genitive)
Foren (plural)
Forum (nominative singular)
Foren (definite nominative plural)
Forums (genitive singular)
Foren (definite genitive plural)
Forum (dative singular)
Foren (dative definite plural)
Forum (accusative singular)
Foren (accusative definite plural)

Differenzierungen zwischen mitglied- und drittstaatlichen Foren können neben der Brüssel Ia-VO auch in bereichsspezifischen Spezialregelungen enthalten sein.

2021, Rechtsanwälte Dr. Ben Steinbrück, MJur (Oxford) und Dr. Markus Lieberknecht, “Grenzüberschreitende Zivilverfahren nach dem Brexit”, in Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht (EuZW), page 518:

Differentiations between member- and third-state venues can be included, beside the recast Brussels regulation, also in particular legislation for specific fields.

legal venue, territorially competent jurisdiction


EB

EB (genitive)
EB (plural)
EB (nominative singular)
EB (definite nominative plural)
EB (genitive singular)
EB (definite genitive plural)
EB (dative singular)
EB (dative definite plural)
EB (accusative singular)
EB (accusative definite plural)

(Austria) abbreviation of Exekutivbediensteter


forum shopping

An attempt to file a lawsuit in (or have it transferred to) the jurisdiction most favorable to the party filing the suit.


lis alibi pendens

From līs (“lawsuit, action”) + alibī (“elsewhere”) + pendēns (“pending”).

The preclusion of another court dealing with an action in respect of the same subject matter.

vireilläolovaikutus

No other court dealing with the same action


Klage

Klage (genitive)
Klagen (plural)
Klage (nominative singular)
Klagen (definite nominative plural)
Klage (genitive singular)
Klagen (definite genitive plural)
Klage (dative singular)
Klagen (dative definite plural)
Klage (accusative singular)
Klagen (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German klage, from Old High German klaga.


exceptio res judicata

From exceptio (“exception”) and res judicata (literally “judged, decided thing”).

An exception whereby the defendant can claim that the matter has already been adjudged and cannot be re-visited.

oikeusvoimavaikutus

Exception that a matter cannot be re-visited

Prozesshindernis der entgegenstehenden Rechtskraft

Einrede der entgegenstehenden Rechtskraft

Einwand der entgegenstehenden Rechtskraft


Erinnerung

Erinnerung f (genitive Erinnerung, plural Erinnerungen)

Erinnerung (genitive)
Erinnerungen (plural)
Erinnerung (nominative singular)
Erinnerungen (definite nominative plural)
Erinnerung (genitive singular)
Erinnerungen (definite genitive plural)
Erinnerung (dative singular)
Erinnerungen (dative definite plural)
Erinnerung (accusative singular)
Erinnerungen (accusative definite plural)

/ɛɐˈʔɪnəʁʊŋ(k)/

/ɛɐˈʁɪnəʁʊŋ/

(Germany) a kind of legal recourse in civil procedure


Anspruch

Anspruch m (strong, genitive Anspruches or Anspruchs, plural Ansprüche)

Anspruches (genitive)
Anspruchs (genitive)
Ansprüche (plural)
Anspruch (nominative singular)
Ansprüche (definite nominative plural)
Anspruches (genitive singular)
Anspruchs (genitive singular)
Ansprüche (definite genitive plural)
Anspruch (dative singular)
Anspruche (dative singular)
Ansprüchen (dative definite plural)
Anspruch (accusative singular)
Ansprüche (accusative definite plural)

the raised procedural form of a claim that the defendant do or omit something


一事不再理

ㄧ ㄕˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄞˋ ㄌㄧˇ

ㄧ ㄕˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄞˋ ㄌㄧˇ

иши буцзайли

/i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ siː²² pɐt̚⁵ t͡sɔːi̯³³ lei̯¹³/

/jɐt̚⁵ siː²² pɐt̚⁵ t͡sɔːi̯³³ lei̯¹³/


上訴

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

/saŋ²¹³ su²¹³/

/sœːŋ²² sou̯³³/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵ su³³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ sɔ¹¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² sɔ⁴¹/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/t͡sĩõ³⁵⁻¹¹ su²¹³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

/saŋ²¹³ su²¹³/

/sœːŋ²² sou̯³³/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵ su³³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ sɔ¹¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² sɔ⁴¹/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/t͡sĩõ³⁵⁻¹¹ su²¹³/

駁回上訴

驳回上诉


Gegenstand

Gegenstand m (strong, genitive Gegenstandes or Gegenstands, plural Gegenstände)

Gegenstandes (genitive)
Gegenstands (genitive)
Gegenstände (plural)
Gegenstand (nominative singular)
Gegenstände (definite nominative plural)
Gegenstandes (genitive singular)
Gegenstands (genitive singular)
Gegenstände (definite genitive plural)
Gegenstand (dative singular)
Gegenstande (dative singular)
Gegenständen (dative definite plural)
Gegenstand (accusative singular)
Gegenstände (accusative definite plural)

[ˈɡeːɡŋ̩ʃtant]

gegen- + Stand. Calque of Latin obiectum; whereas subiectum has been calqued with Unterstand but this is now only used, at best, by philosophers.

§ 804 I ZPO [Allgemeine Vorschriften über die Zwangsvollstreckung in das bewegliche Vermögen]

Through the attachment the creditor acquires a garnishment over the attached object.

Durch die Pfändung erwirbt der Gläubiger ein Pfandrecht an dem gepfändeten Gegenstande.

§ 816 I 1 BGB
Trifft ein Nichtberechtigter über einen Gegenstand eine Verfügung, die dem Berechtigten gegenüber wirksam ist, so ist er dem Berechtigten zur Herausgabe des durch die Verfügung Erlangten verpflichtet.

If an unauthorized person disposes of an object and this disposition is effective towards the entitled person, the unauthorized person is obliged to give up what he obtained by the disposition to the entitled person.

Die rechtliche Behandlung der Anweisungsfälle spiegelt die Rechtslage, die gegeben wäre, wenn der geleistete Gegenstand zunächst an den Angewiesenen übermittelt und von diesem an den Dritten weitergegeben worden wäre.

2020, Martin Schwab, Münchener Kommentar zum Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch, 8th edition, München: C.H. Beck, § 812 Rn. 104:

The legal treatment of the delegation cases mirrors the legal situation that would be given if the performed object were transmitted first to the delegatee and passed on by him to the third party.

subjective right
subjective right#English

in the technical language of civil law statutes, either a corporeal object or a subjective right


SLAPP

w:strategic lawsuit against public participation

Initialism of strategic lawsuit against public participation: a lawsuit or other legal harassment designed to intimidate and silence critics.


立案

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀän⁵¹/

/laːp̚² ɔːn³³/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² an²¹/

/lip̚²⁴⁻² an⁴¹/

/lip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ an²¹/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² an¹¹/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² an²¹/

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀän⁵¹/

/laːp̚² ɔːn³³/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² an²¹/

/lip̚²⁴⁻² an⁴¹/

/lip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ an²¹/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² an¹¹/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² an²¹/

(law) to open a case for investigation or prosecution


abladen

de-verb

abladen (class 6 strong, third-person singular present lädt ab, past tense lud ab, past participle abgeladen, past subjunctive lüde ab, auxiliary haben)

lädt ab (present singular third-person)
lud ab (past)
abgeladen (participle past)
lüde ab (past subjunctive)
haben (auxiliary)
haben (auxiliary)
abladen (infinitive)
abladend (participle present)
abgeladen (participle past)
abzuladen (infinitive infinitive-zu)
lade ab (first-person indicative present singular)
laden ab (first-person indicative plural present)
lade ab (first-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
laden ab (first-person plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
lädst ab (indicative present second-person singular)
ladet ab (indicative plural present second-person)
ladest ab (second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
ladet ab (plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
lädt ab (indicative present singular third-person)
laden ab (indicative plural present third-person)
lade ab (singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
laden ab (plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
lud ab (first-person indicative preterite singular)
luden ab (first-person indicative plural preterite)
lüde ab (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
lüden ab (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
ludest ab (indicative preterite second-person singular)
ludst ab (indicative preterite second-person singular)
ludet ab (indicative plural preterite second-person)
lüdest ab (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
lüdet ab (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
lud ab (indicative preterite singular third-person)
luden ab (indicative plural preterite third-person)
lüde ab (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
lüden ab (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
lad ab (imperative second-person singular)
lade ab (imperative second-person singular)
ladet ab (imperative plural second-person)
haben (auxiliary)
ablade (first-person indicative present singular subordinate-clause)
abladen (first-person indicative plural present subordinate-clause)
ablade (first-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
abladen (first-person plural subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
ablädst (indicative present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
abladet (indicative plural present second-person subordinate-clause)
abladest (second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
abladet (plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
ablädt (indicative present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
abladen (indicative plural present subordinate-clause third-person)
ablade (singular subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause third-person)
abladen (plural subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause third-person)
ablud (first-person indicative preterite singular subordinate-clause)
abluden (first-person indicative plural preterite subordinate-clause)
ablüde (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
ablüden (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
abludest (indicative preterite second-person singular subordinate-clause)
abludst (indicative preterite second-person singular subordinate-clause)
abludet (indicative plural preterite second-person subordinate-clause)
ablüdest (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
ablüdet (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
ablud (indicative preterite singular subordinate-clause third-person)
abluden (indicative plural preterite subordinate-clause third-person)
ablüde (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause third-person)
ablüden (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause third-person)
haben (auxiliary)
habe abgeladen (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect singular)
haben abgeladen (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect plural)
habe abgeladen (first-person multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive)
haben abgeladen (first-person multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive)
hast abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction perfect second-person singular)
habt abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural second-person)
habest abgeladen (multiword-construction perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
habet abgeladen (multiword-construction perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hat abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction perfect singular third-person)
haben abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural third-person)
habe abgeladen (multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
haben abgeladen (multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hatte abgeladen (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular)
hatten abgeladen (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural)
hätte abgeladen (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive)
hätten abgeladen (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive)
hattest abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular)
hattet abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person)
hättest abgeladen (multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hättet abgeladen (multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hatte abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular third-person)
hatten abgeladen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural third-person)
hätte abgeladen (multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hätten abgeladen (multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abladen werden (future future-i infinitive multiword-construction)
werde abladen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden abladen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest abladen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet abladen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde abladen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden abladen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde abladen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden abladen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde abladen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden abladen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst abladen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet abladen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest abladen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet abladen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird abladen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden abladen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde abladen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden abladen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
abgeladen haben werden (future future-ii infinitive multiword-construction)
werde abgeladen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden abgeladen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde abgeladen haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden abgeladen haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde abgeladen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden abgeladen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst abgeladen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet abgeladen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird abgeladen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden abgeladen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden abgeladen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)

Der Zeuge ist vom Gericht nicht wirksam abgeladen worden, so dass seine Verpflichtung zu erscheinen fortbestand.

The witness has not received an effective cancellation of his due date by the court so that he was still legally required to appear for testimony.


replizieren

replizieren (weak, third-person singular present repliziert, past tense replizierte, past participle repliziert, auxiliary haben)

repliziert (present singular third-person)
replizierte (past)
repliziert (participle past)
haben (auxiliary)
haben (auxiliary)
replizieren (infinitive)
replizierend (participle present)
repliziert (participle past)
repliziere (first-person indicative present singular)
replizieren (first-person indicative plural present)
repliziere (first-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
replizieren (first-person plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
replizierst (indicative present second-person singular)
repliziert (indicative plural present second-person)
replizierest (second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
replizieret (plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
repliziert (indicative present singular third-person)
replizieren (indicative plural present third-person)
repliziere (singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
replizieren (plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
replizierte (first-person indicative preterite singular)
replizierten (first-person indicative plural preterite)
replizierte (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
replizierten (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
repliziertest (indicative preterite second-person singular)
repliziertet (indicative plural preterite second-person)
repliziertest (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
repliziertet (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
replizierte (indicative preterite singular third-person)
replizierten (indicative plural preterite third-person)
replizierte (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
replizierten (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
replizier (imperative second-person singular)
repliziere (imperative second-person singular)
repliziert (imperative plural second-person)
haben (auxiliary)
habe repliziert (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect singular)
haben repliziert (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect plural)
habe repliziert (first-person multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive)
haben repliziert (first-person multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive)
hast repliziert (indicative multiword-construction perfect second-person singular)
habt repliziert (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural second-person)
habest repliziert (multiword-construction perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
habet repliziert (multiword-construction perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hat repliziert (indicative multiword-construction perfect singular third-person)
haben repliziert (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural third-person)
habe repliziert (multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
haben repliziert (multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hatte repliziert (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular)
hatten repliziert (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural)
hätte repliziert (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive)
hätten repliziert (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive)
hattest repliziert (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular)
hattet repliziert (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person)
hättest repliziert (multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hättet repliziert (multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hatte repliziert (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular third-person)
hatten repliziert (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural third-person)
hätte repliziert (multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hätten repliziert (multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
replizieren werden (future future-i infinitive multiword-construction)
werde replizieren (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden replizieren (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde replizieren (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden replizieren (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde replizieren (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden replizieren (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst replizieren (future future-i indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet replizieren (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird replizieren (future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden replizieren (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden replizieren (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
repliziert haben werden (future future-ii infinitive multiword-construction)
werde repliziert haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden repliziert haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde repliziert haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden repliziert haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde repliziert haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden repliziert haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst repliziert haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet repliziert haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird repliziert haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden repliziert haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden repliziert haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
replicieren (alternative obsolete)
repliciren (alternative obsolete)

Kann der gegenwärtige Besitzer sich auf ein Recht zum Besitz gegenüber dem früheren Besitzer berufen, so kann der frühere Besitzer replizieren, dass ihm gegenüber dem gegenwärtigen Besitzer ein besseres Recht zum Besitz zusteht.

2021 January 11, Frank Spohnheimer, edited by Christoph Reymann, beck-online.GROSSKOMMENTAR https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-400-W-BECKOGK-G-BGB-P-1007-Gl-D-III-2, § 1007 Rn. 51:

If the current possessor is able to invoke a previous right to possess against the previous possessor then the previous possessor may replicate that against the current possessor he has a better right to possess.


หมายเรียก

th-noun

หมายเรียก • (mǎai-rîiak)

From หมาย (mǎai, “warrant; writ”) + เรียก (rîiak, “to call; to demand; to summon”).


หมายศาล

th-noun

หมายศาล • (mǎai-sǎan)

From หมาย (mǎai, “warrant, writ, etc.”) + ศาล (sǎan, “court”), literally "court warrant".

compound

(law) any instrument issued by a court, requiring anything to be done or not to done, as arrest warrant, search warrant, etc.


หมายบังคับคดี

From หมาย (mǎai, “warrant, writ, etc.”) + บังคับคดี (“to execute (a court order, judgment, etc.)”).


ไต่สวน

th-verb

ไต่สวน • (dtài-sǔuan) (abstract noun การไต่สวน)

dtài-sǔuan (romanization)
การไต่สวน (abstract-noun)

From ไต่ (dtài, “to ask; to inquire; to question; to investigate”) + สวน (sǔuan, “idem”).

com

1935 June 10, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, published 2019-03-26, retrieved 2019-03-29:

เมื่อได้ไต่สวนแล้ว ให้ศาลตั้งผู้ร้องหรือบุคคลอื่นซึ่งยินยอมตามที่เห็นสมควรเป็นผู้แทนเฉพาะคดี เมื่อไม่มีบุคคลใดเป็นผู้แทน ให้ศาลตั้งพนักงานฝ่ายปกครองเป็นผู้แทน

mʉ̂ʉa dâai dtài-sǔuan lɛ́ɛo · hâi sǎan dtâng pûu-rɔ́ɔng rʉ̌ʉ bùk-kon ʉ̀ʉn sʉ̂ng yin-yɔɔm dtaam tîi hěn sǒm-kuuan bpen pûu-tɛɛn chà-pɔ́ ká-dii · mʉ̂ʉa mâi mii bùk-kon dai bpen pûu-tɛɛn · hâi sǎan dtâng pá-nák-ngaan-fàai-bpòk-krɔɔng bpen pûu-tɛɛn

Upon having conducted an examination, the court shall, as it thinks fit, appoint as the representative ad litem the moving party or another person who has given consent. Should there be no one to serve as the representative, the court shall appoint an administrative officer as the representative.

1999 May 3, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความแพ่ง”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, published 2019-03-21, retrieved 2019-03-29:

หากศาลเห็นสมควรไต่สวนพยานหลักฐานเพิ่มเติม ก็ให้ดำเนินการไต่สวนโดยเร็วเท่าที่จำเป็น

hàak sǎan hěn sǒm-kuuan dtài-sǔuan pá-yaan-làk-tǎan pə̂əm-dtəəm · gɔ̂ hâi dam-nəən gaan-dtài-sǔuan dooi reo tâo tîi jam-bpen

Should the court deem it appropriate to further examine the evidence, then [the court] shall hold an examination immediately and to the extent necessary.

เมื่อได้รับคำร้องเช่นว่านี้ ให้ศาลไต่สวนโดยไม่ชักช้า

mʉ̂ʉa dâai ráp kam-rɔ́ɔng chên wâa níi · hâi sǎan dtài-sǔuan dooi mâi chák-cháa

Upon receiving such a motion, the court shall hold an examination without delay.

2016 April 26, “พระราชบัญญัติจัดตั้งศาลปกครองและวิธีพิจารณาคดีปกครอง พ.ศ. ๒๕๔๒”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, published 2019-01-18, retrieved 2019-03-29:

มาตรา ๗๕/๔ เมื่อปรากฏว่า หน่วยงานทางปกครองหรือเจ้าหน้าที่ของรัฐมิได้ปฏิบัติตามคำบังคับของศาลปกครองให้ถูกต้องครบถ้วนหรือปฏิบัติล่าช้าเกินสมควร ให้ศาลปกครองไต่สวนหรือแสวงหาข้อเท็จจริง ถ้าศาลปกครองได้ไต่สวนแล้วเห็นว่า...

mâat-dtraa · jèt-sìp hâa / sìi · mʉ̂ʉa bpraa-gòt wâa · nùai-ngaan-taang-bpòk-krɔɔng rʉ̌ʉ jâao-nâa-tîi-kɔ̌ɔng-rát mí dâai bpà-dtì-bàt dtaam kam-bang-káp kɔ̌ɔng sǎan-bpòk-krɔɔng hâi tùuk-dtɔ̂ng króp-tûuan rʉ̌ʉ bpà-dtì-bàt lâa-cháa gəən sǒm-kuuan · hâi sǎan-bpòk-krɔɔng dtài-sǔuan rʉ̌ʉ sà-wɛ̌ɛng-hǎa kɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing · tâa sǎan-bpòk-krɔɔng dâai dtài-sǔuan lɛ́ɛo hěn wâa ...

Section 75/4 When it appears that an administrative agency or state authority does not comply with a mandate of an administrative court in a correct or complete manner or executes it with an excessive delay, the administrative court shall examine or seek the facts. If the administrative court has conducted an examination and found that...

(law) to examine judicially; to conduct a judicial examination.


พิจารณา

th-verb

พิจารณา • (pí-jaa-rá-naa) (abstract noun การพิจารณา)

pí-jaa-rá-naa (romanization)
การพิจารณา (abstract-noun)
พิจารนา (alternative obsolete)
วิจารณา (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Pali vicāraṇā (“investigation”), ultimately from Sanskrit विचारणा (vicāraṇā, “idem”), possibly via Old Khmer bicārannāha, bīccārnā (“to consider; to examine”). Cognate with Modern Khmer ពិចារណា (picaaraʼnaa), Lao ພິຈາລະນາ (phi chā la nā). Doublet of วิจารณ์ (wí-jaan).

bor+

1978 December 22, “รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งราชอาณาจักรไทย พุทธศักราช ๒๕๒๑”, in ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, volume 95, number 146, page 3:

สภานิติบัญญัติแห่งชาติได้พิจารณาร่างรัฐธรรมนูญนั้นเป็นสามวาระ

sà-paa-ní-dtì-ban-yàt hɛ̀ng-châat dâai pí-jaa-rá-naa râang rát-tà-tam-má-nuun nán bpen sǎam waa-rá

The National Legislative Assembly has considered such draft constitution in three readings.

1972, ส. พลายน้อย, “บทนำ”, in สามก๊กอิ๋น, กรุงเทพฯ: โรงพิมพ์อักษรไทย, page 17:

ไม่ใช่ข้อสำคัญที่จะพึงพิจารณา

mâi châi kɔ̂ɔ sǎm-kan tîi jà pʉng pí-jaa-rá-naa

[It] is not an important issue which should be considered.

(ambitransitive) to consider; to examine; to review


กระบวนพิจารณา

th-noun

กระบวนพิจารณา

กระบวนพิจารณา • (grà-buuan-pí-jaa-rá-naa)

From กระบวน (grà-buuan, “course; pattern; process; etc”) + พิจารณา (pí-jaa-rá-naa, “to consider; to try; etc”).

compound

กระบวนพิจารณาทางปกครอง

กระบวนพิจารณาเบื้องต้น

กระบวนพิจารณาเพิ่มเติม

(law) proceeding: particular action, course of action, or manner of action of an administrative or judicial body.


วิธีพิจารณา

From วิธี (wí-tii, “method; procedure; way; etc”) + พิจารณา (pí-jaa-rá-naa, “to consider; to try; etc”); literally "consideration method" or "trial method".

(law) procedure: mode of conducting legal business.


公訴

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ su⁵¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ sou̯³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/kɔŋ³³ sɔ⁴¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ su⁵¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ sou̯³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/kɔŋ³³ sɔ⁴¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

提起公訴

提起公诉

Court of First Instance (Hong Kong)
District Court (Hong Kong)


อุทธรณ์

th-noun

อุทธรณ์ • (ùt-tɔɔn)

From Sanskrit उद्धरण (uddharaṇa, “citation; delivery; presentation; quotation; raise; etc”); perhaps via Old Khmer uddharaṇa (“to appeal (a legal case)”). Cognate with Modern Khmer ឧទ្ធរណ៍ (ʼŏtthôrôn៍).

cog

Khmer ឧទ្ធរណ៍ (ʼŏtthôrôn៍)

/ʔut̚˨˩.tʰɔːn˧/


อุทธรณ์

th-verb

อุทธรณ์ • (ùt-tɔɔn) (abstract noun การอุทธรณ์)

ùt-tɔɔn (romanization)
การอุทธรณ์ (abstract-noun)

cog

Khmer ឧទ្ធរណ៍ (ʼŏtthôrôn៍)

/ʔut̚˨˩.tʰɔːn˧/


อุทธรณ์

th-noun

อุทธรณ์ • (ùt-tɔɔn)

From clipping of ศาลอุทธรณ์ (sǎan-ùt-tɔɔn), from ศาล (sǎan, “court”) + อุทธรณ์ (ùt-tɔɔn, “appeal”).

com

/ʔut̚˨˩.tʰɔːn˧/

2017 August 29, “อุทธรณ์ยืนจำคุกสรยุทธ ๑๓ ปี ๔ เดือน โกงเงิน อสมท ๑๓๘ ล้าน”, in ผู้จัดการออนไลน์, Bangkok: ผู้จัดการ, archived from the original on 2017-08-30:

ùt-tɔɔn yʉʉn jam-kúk sɔ̌ɔ-rá-yút · sìp-sǎam · bpii · sìi · dʉʉan · goong ngən · ɔɔ-sɔ̌ɔ-mɔɔ-tɔɔ · rɔ́ɔi sǎam-sìp-bpɛ̀ɛt · láan

Appeal court upholds 13-year, 4-month imprisonment [term of] Sorayuth [over] cheating [of] MCOT['s] 138 million [baht] money

court of second instance
court of second instance

(slang) appellate court; court of second instance.


ออกนั่งพิจารณา

th-verb

ออกนั่งพิจารณา • (ɔ̀ɔk-nâng-pí-jaa-rá-naa) (abstract noun การออกนั่งพิจารณา)

ɔ̀ɔk-nâng-pí-jaa-rá-naa (romanization)
การออกนั่งพิจารณา (abstract-noun)

/ʔɔːk̚˨˩.naŋ˥˩.pʰi˦˥.t͡ɕaː˧.ra˦˥.naː˧/

From ออก (ɔ̀ɔk, “to appear; to come forth; to come out; etc.”) + นั่งพิจารณา (nâng-pí-jaa-rá-naa, “to sit (as a judge)”).

compound

โจทก์และจำเลยขอให้ศาลออกนั่งพิจารณาและมีคำพิพากษาตามสัญญาประนีประนอมยอมความในวันนี้ด้วย

The plaintiff and the defendant request the court to sit and issue a judgment according to their compromise agreement today.

(law) to sit (to be convened or in session, as a court of law).


นั่งพิจารณา

th-verb

นั่งพิจารณา • (nâng-pí-jaa-rá-naa) (abstract noun การนั่งพิจารณา)

nâng-pí-jaa-rá-naa (romanization)
การนั่งพิจารณา (abstract-noun)

From นั่ง (nâng, “to sit”) + พิจารณา (pí-jaa-rá-naa, “to try; to judicially examine and determine”).

com

(law) to sit (to occupy a place or have a seat in an official assembly or in an official capacity as a judge).


ประกัน

th-verb

ประกัน • (bprà-gan) (abstract noun การประกัน)

bprà-gan (romanization)
การประกัน (abstract-noun)

From Khmer ប្រកាន់ (prɑɑkan, “to hold; to uphold; to adhere; to maintain; etc”), from ប្រ (brâ-, prefix indicating mutual repetition and others) + កាន់ (kan, “to hold, to handle, to carry; to be responsible for, to be in charge of, etc”), the latter being from Pre-Angkorian Old Khmer kan, kān (“to secure, to make fast; to hold, to carry, to wield; to exercise, to use; etc”); equivalent to Thai ประ (bprà) + กัน (gan). Cognate with Lao ປະກັນ (pa kan). Compare Old Khmer ផ្កន៑ (phkan).

bor

(law) to insure through an insurance contract.


gacaca

en-noun

gacaca (countable and uncountable, plural gacacas)

(uncountable) A system of community justice inspired by Rwandan tradition, used more recently in the aftermath of the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.


พยาน

→ Shan: ၽျၢၼ်း (phjáan)

Possibly from Old Khmer or Middle Khmer bejañāṇa, bœjñāṇa, bvejjañāṇa, etc, meaning “expert; expert witness”; from Pali vijjañāṇa (“knowledge, science; proficiency, expertness, skill; etc”); ultimately from Sanskrit *विज्ञज्ञान (vijñajñāna). Cognate with Modern Khmer ពេជ្ញញាណ (peicñɔɔñiən).

cog

Khmer ពេជ្ញញាណ (peicñɔɔñiən)

ปาก ปาก#Thai


จำเลย

th-noun

จำเลย • (jam-ləəi) (classifier คน or ราย)

jam-ləəi (romanization)
คน (classifier)
ราย (classifier)

From Old Khmer camley (“answer; reply; response”), from Old Khmer chley, chlœya (“to answer; to reply; to respond; etc”), from which Thai เฉลย (chà-lə̌əi) is derived.

bor

จำเลยสังคม

defendant of the society
 (referring to a person whom the society unduly accuses of something)

(figurative) person accused unduly or groundlessly; person subject to an undue or groundless accusation.


โจทก์

jòot (romanization)
คน (classifier)
ราย (classifier)

From Pali codaka (“crier”); ultimately from Sanskrit चोदक (codaka, idem). Cognate with Khmer ចោទ (caot), ចោទកៈ (caotĕəʼkaʼ), ចោទក៍ (chaôtk៍).

(criminal procedure) prosecutor; prosecuting party.


ให้การ

th-verb

ให้การ • (hâi-gaan) (abstract noun การให้การ)

hâi-gaan (romanization)
การให้การ (abstract-noun)

From ให้ (hâi, “to give”) + การ (gaan, “affair; activity; etc”).

com

(law, intransitive) to reply (to a plaint, complaint, charge, accusation, etc) as a defendant, respondent, etc.

(law, intransitive) to give evidence as a witness.


ฎีกา

From clipping of ศาลฎีกา (sǎan-dii-gaa), from ศาล (sǎan, “court”) + ฎีกา (dii-gaa, “petition (submitted to a monarch); final appeal”).

2017 May 3, “ฎีกายืนจำคุกผู้พันตึ๋ง ๖ ปี กรรโชกทรัพย์ตลาดไนท์บาซาร์”, in โพสต์ทูเดย์ออนไลน์, Bangkok: โพสต์ทูเดย์, archived from the original on 2017-05-06:

dii-gaa yʉʉn jam-kúk pûu-pan dtʉ̌ng · hòk · bpii · gan-chôok sáp dtà-làat nái-baa-sâa

Top court affirms six-year imprisonment [sentence of] Colonel Tueng [for] extorting property [at] Night Bazaar market

(slang) Supreme Court of Justice of Thailand.


การไต่สวน

ไต่สวน ไต่สวน#Thai


การอุทธรณ์

th-noun

การอุทธรณ์ • (gaan-ùt-tɔɔn)

prefix

การ (gaan) + อุทธรณ์ (ùt-tɔɔn)

อุทธรณ์ อุทธรณ์#Thai


傳票

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ pʰi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ pʰiːu̯³³/

/tʰuan²³⁻³³ pʰiɤ²¹/

/tʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰio¹¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ pʰi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ pʰiːu̯³³/

/tʰuan²³⁻³³ pʰiɤ²¹/

/tʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰio¹¹/


การดำเนินคดีแบบกลุ่ม

th-noun

การดำเนินคดีแบบกลุ่ม

การดำเนินคดีแบบกลุ่ม • (gaan-dam-nəən-ká-dii-bɛ̀ɛp-glùm)

/kaːn˧.dam˧.nɤːn˧.kʰa˦˥.diː˧.bɛːp̚˨˩.klum˨˩/

From การดำเนิน (gaan-dam-nəən, “act of carrying out; act of conducting”) + คดี (ká-dii, “legal case; lawsuit”) + แบบ (bɛ̀ɛp, “as; characteristic of; in the style of; like”) + กลุ่ม (glùm, “group”).

com

2015, พระราชบัญญัติแก้ไขเพิ่มเติมประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความแพ่ง (ฉบับที่ ๒๖) พ.ศ. ๒๕๕๘:
มาตรา ๒๒๒/๑๙ ในกรณีที่การดำเนินคดีแบบกลุ่มจะไม่คุ้มครองหรือเป็นประโยชน์ต่อสมาชิกกลุ่มอย่างเพียงพอ...เมื่อความปรากฏต่อศาลเองหรือตามคำแถลงของคู่ความฝ่ายใดฝ่ายหนึ่ง ให้ศาลมีอำนาจที่จะสั่งยกเลิกการดำเนินคดีแบบกลุ่ม และดำเนินกระบวนพิจารณาต่อไปอย่างคดีสามัญ...
mâat-dtraa sɔ̌ɔng rɔ́ɔi yîi-sìp sɔ̌ɔng táp sìp-gâao nai gɔɔ-rá-nii tîi gaan-dam-nəən-ká-dii-bɛ̀ɛp-glùm jà mâi kúm-krɔɔng rʉ̌ʉ bpen bprà-yòot dtɔ̀ɔ sà-maa-chík glùm yàang piiang-pɔɔ...mʉ̂ʉa kwaam bpraa-gòt dtɔ̀ɔ sǎan eeng rʉ̌ʉ dtaam kam-tà-lɛ̌ɛng kɔ̌ɔng kûu-kwaam fàai dai fàai nʉ̀ng hâi sǎan mii am-nâat tîi jà sàng yók-lə̂ək gaan-dam-nəən-ká-dii-bɛ̀ɛp-glùm lɛ́ dam-nəən grà-buuan-pí-jaa-rá-naa dtɔ̀ɔ-bpai yàang ká-dii sǎa-man...
Section 222/19 In the event that a class action will not protect or benefit class members sufficiently..., when the court learns of this fact itself or from a statement of any particular party, the court has the power to order cancelling the class action and continue the proceedings as an ordinary case...

en-การดำเนินคดีแบบกลุ่ม-th-noun-T09e4hmx


訴狀

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (訴狀):
* → Japanese: 訴(そ)状(じょう) (sojō)
* → Korean: 소장(訴狀) (sojang)
* → Vietnamese: tố trạng (訴狀)

/su⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/sou̯³³ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔŋ²²/

/su⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/sou̯³³ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔŋ²²/

寫訴狀

写诉状


ฟ้อง

th-noun

ฟ้อง • (fɔ́ɔng)

Cognate with Northern Thai ᨼᩬ᩶ᨦ, Khün ᨼᩬ᩶ᨦ, Lao ຟ້ອງ (fǭng), Lü ᦝᦸᧂᧉ (foang²). Compare Shan ပွင်ႉ (pâ̰ung).

2019 February 20, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, retrieved 2019-03-17:

ถ้าศาลเห็นว่า ข้อเท็จจริงตามฟ้องนั้นโจทก์สืบสม แต่โจทก์อ้างฐานความผิดหรือบทมาตราผิด ศาลมีอำนาจลงโทษจำเลยตามฐานความผิดที่ถูกต้อง

tâa sǎan hěn wâa · kɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing dtaam fɔ́ɔng nán jòot sʉ̀ʉp sǒm · dtɛ̀ɛ jòot âang tǎan kwaam-pìt rʉ̌ʉ bòt-mâat-dtraa pìt · sǎan mii am-nâat long tôot jam-ləəi dtaam tǎan kwaam-pìt tîi tùuk-dtɔ̂ng

If the court finds that the proof [presented by] the prosecutor is in line with the facts according to the charge but the prosecutor cited a wrong type of offence or [wrong] figure of section, the court has the power to impose a penalty upon the defendant in accordance with the correct type of offence.

มาตรา ๑๒๐ ห้ามมิให้พนักงานอัยการยื่นฟ้องคดีใดต่อศาลโดยมิได้มีการสอบสวนในความผิดนั้นก่อน

mâat-dtraa · nʉ̀ng-rɔ́ɔi yîi sìp · hâam-mí-hâi pá-nák-ngaan-ai-yá-gaan yʉ̂ʉn fɔ́ɔng ká-dii dai dtɔ̀ɔ sǎan dooi mí dâai mii gaan-sɔ̀ɔp-sǔuan nai kwaam-pìt nán gɔ̀ɔn

Section 120 No public prosecutor shall file a charge [instituting] any case with the court without having conducted an inquiry on the [relevant] offence first.

1923, “๒๑๗ ประกาศพระราชบัญญัติรับฟ้องความเจ้า แลห้ามเจ้ามิให้ไปไกลพระนคร”, in ประชุมประกาศรัชกาลที่ ๔ ภาค ๖, Bangkok: โครงการห้องสมุดดิจิทัลวชิรญาณ, retrieved 2019-03-17:

ให้ผู้รักษาเมืองกรมการรับฟ้องแล้วรีบบอกส่งฟ้องกับตัวโจทย์มากรุงเทพมหานครโดยเร็ว

hâi pûu-rák-sǎa mʉʉang grom-má-gaan ráp fɔ́ɔng lɛ́ɛo rîip bɔ̀ɔk sòng fɔ́ɔng gàp dtuua jòot maa grung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn dooi reo

The person in charge of the town [or] the commissioner [of the same] shall accept the complaint, and without delay inform Krung Thep Maha Nakhon [of the matter, and] forthwith send the complaint as well as the person of the complainant in [to Krung Thep Maha Nakhon].

(law) document instituting legal proceedings: plaint, complaint, charge, petition, etc.


chargesheet

(India, Pakistan, Bangladesh) A document of accusation prepared by law enforcement to be submitted to the court.


แถลงการณ์

แถลงการณ์ • (tà-lɛ̌ɛng-gaan) (classifier ฉบับ or เรื่อง)

tà-lɛ̌ɛng-gaan (romanization)
ฉบับ (classifier)
เรื่อง (classifier)

/tʰa˨˩.lɛːŋ˩˩˦.kaːn˧/

From แถลง (tà-lɛ̌ɛng, “to state”) + การณ์ (gaan, “event; happening”).

com

(procedural law) argument: expression presenting or supporting a point of view.


ว่าความ

th-verb

ว่าความ • (wâa-kwaam) (abstract noun การว่าความ)

wâa-kwaam (romanization)
การว่าความ (abstract-noun)

From ว่า (wâa, “to address, to handle; to administer, to manage”) + ความ (kwaam, “legal matter; lawsuit”).

com

to conduct or defend a legal matter, as a lawyer, attorney-at-law, etc.


ว่าต่าง

th-verb

ว่าต่าง • (wâa-dtàang) (abstract noun การว่าต่าง)

wâa-dtàang (romanization)
การว่าต่าง (abstract-noun)

/waː˥˩.taːŋ˨˩/

From ว่า (wâa, “to say; to speak”) + ต่าง (dtàang, “on behalf (of); in place (of); as a substitute (for)”).

com

แก้ต่าง แก้ต่าง#Thai

(law) to represent an instituting party, as opposed to แก้ต่าง (“to represent a responding party”).


ส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน

th-verb

ส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน • (sòng-pûu-ráai-kâam-dɛɛn) (abstract noun การส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน)

sòng-pûu-ráai-kâam-dɛɛn (romanization)
การส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน (abstract-noun)

From ส่ง (sòng, “to send”) + ผู้ร้าย (pûu-ráai, “criminal”) + ข้าม (kâam, “across; over”) + แดน (dɛɛn, “land; territory; etc”).


การส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน

th-noun

การส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน • (gaan-sòng-pûu-ráai-kâam-dɛɛn)

/kaːn˧.soŋ˨˩.pʰuː˥˩.raːj˦˥.kʰaːm˥˩.dɛːn˧/

From การ (gaan) + ส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน (sòng-pûu-ráai-kâam-dɛɛn).

prefix

ส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน

ส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน ส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน#Thai

(law) abstract noun of ส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน (sòng-pûu-ráai-kâam-dɛɛn)

en-การส่งผู้ร้ายข้ามแดน-th-noun-IZf8E0os


ภาระการพิสูจน์

th-noun

ภาระการพิสูจน์ • (paa-rá-gaan-pí-sùut)

From ภาระ (paa-rá, “burden”) + การพิสูจน์ (gaan-pí-sùut, “proving”); calque of English burden of proof.

com

2017 July 18, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความแพ่ง”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, retrieved 2019-03-11:

มาตรา ๘๔/๑ คู่ความฝ่ายใดกล่าวอ้างข้อเท็จจริงเพื่อสนับสนุนคำคู่ความของตน ให้คู่ความฝ่ายนั้นมีภาระการพิสูจน์ข้อเท็จจริงนั้น

mâat-dtraa · bpɛ̀ɛt-sìp sìi / nʉ̀ng · kûu-kwaam fàai dai glàao-âang kɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing pʉ̂ʉa sà-nàp-sà-nǔn kam-kûu-kwaam kɔ̌ɔng dton · hâi kûu-kwaam fàai nán mii paa-rá-gaan-pí-sùut kɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing nán

Section 84/1 [When] any party asserts a fact in support of his own pleading, that party shall have the burden of proving such fact.


ปัญหาข้อเท็จจริง

th-noun

ปัญหาข้อเท็จจริง • (bpan-hǎa-kɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing)

/pan˧.haː˩˩˦.kʰɔː˥˩.tʰet̚˦˥.t͡ɕiŋ˧/

From ปัญหา (bpan-hǎa, “question”) + ข้อเท็จจริง (kɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing, “fact”); calque of English question of fact.

com

2019 February 20, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, retrieved 2019-03-11:

มาตรา ๒๑๙ ตรี ในคดีที่ศาลชั้นต้นลงโทษกักขังแทนโทษจำคุก หรือเปลี่ยนโทษกักขังเป็นโทษจำคุก หรือคดีที่เกี่ยวกับการกักขังแทนค่าปรับ หรือกักขังเกี่ยวกับการริบทรัพย์สิน ถ้าศาลอุทธรณ์มิได้พิพากษากลับคำพิพากษาศาลชั้นต้น ห้ามมิให้คู่ความฎีกาในปัญหาข้อเท็จจริง

mâat-dtraa · sɔ̌ɔng-rɔ́ɔi sìp gâao · dtrii · nai ká-dii tîi sǎan-chán-dtôn long tôot gàk-kǎng tɛɛn tôot jam-kúk · rʉ̌ʉ bplìian tôot gàk-kǎng bpen tôot jam-kúk · rʉ̌ʉ ká-dii tîi gìao-gàp gaan-gàk-kǎng tɛɛn kâa-bpràp · rʉ̌ʉ gàk-kǎng gìao-gàp gaan-ríp sáp-sǐn · tâa sǎan-ùt-tɔɔn mí dâai pí-pâak-sǎa glàp kam-pí-pâak-sǎa sǎan-chán-dtôn · hâam-mí-hâi kûu-kwaam dii-gaa nai bpan-hǎa-kɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing

Section 219 ter In the case where the court of first instance imposed the penalty of confinement in lieu of the penalty of imprisonment or changed the penalty of confinement to the penalty of imprisonment, or the case which concerns confinement in lieu of fine or confinement in relation to the confiscation of property, if the appellate court did not give a judgment reversing the judgment of the court of first instance, the parties are prohibited from lodging a final appeal on a question of fact.


คู่ความ

th-noun

คู่ความ • (kûu-kwaam) (classifier ฝ่าย or คน)

kûu-kwaam (romanization)
ฝ่าย (classifier)
คน (classifier)

From คู่ (kûu, “pair”) + ความ (kwaam, “legal case”).


พยานบุคคล

th-noun

พยานบุคคล • (pá-yaan-bùk-kon) (classifier ปาก or คน)

pá-yaan-bùk-kon (romanization)
ปาก (classifier)
คน (classifier)

From พยาน (pá-yaan, “evidence”) + บุคคล (bùk-kon, “person”).

com

1935 June 10, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, published 2019-02-20, retrieved 2019-03-14:

มาตรา ๒๒๖ พยานวัตถุ พยานเอกสาร หรือพยานบุคคล ซึ่งน่าจะพิสูจน์ได้ว่า จำเลยมีผิดหรือบริสุทธิ์ ให้อ้างเป็นพยานหลักฐานได้

mâat-dtraa · sɔ̌ɔng-rɔ́ɔi yîi-sìp hòk · pá-yaan-wát-tù · pá-yaan-èek-gà-sǎan · rʉ̌ʉ pá-yaan-bùk-kon · sʉ̂ng nâa jà pí-sùut dâai wâa · jam-ləəi mii pìt rʉ̌ʉ bɔɔ-rí-sùt · hâi âang bpen pá-yaan-làk-tǎan dâai

Section 226 [Any] material evidence, documentary evidence, or oral evidence which may prove the guilt or innocence of the defendant may be cited as evidence.

1935 June 20, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความแพ่ง”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, published 2017-07-18, retrieved 2019-03-14:

มาตรา ๙๔ เมื่อใดมีกฎหมายบังคับให้ต้องมีพยานเอกสารมาแสดง ห้ามมิให้ศาลยอมรับฟังพยานบุคคลในกรณีอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่งดังต่อไปนี้ แม้ถึงว่า คู่ความอีกฝ่ายหนึ่งจะได้ยินยอมก็ดี (ก) ขอสืบพยานบุคคลแทนพยานเอกสาร เมื่อไม่สามารถนำเอกสารมาแสดง

mâat-dtraa · gâao-sìp sìi · mʉ̂ʉa dai mii gòt-mǎai bang-káp hâi dtɔ̂ng mii pá-yaan-èek-gà-sǎan maa sà-dɛɛng · hâam-mí-hâi sǎan yɔɔm ráp-fang pá-yaan-bùk-kon nai gɔɔ-rá-nii yàang-dai-yàang-nʉ̀ng dang-dtɔ̀ɔ-bpai-níi · mɛ́ɛ-tʉ̌ng wâa · kûu-kwaam ìik fàai nʉ̀ng jà dâai yin-yɔɔm gɔ̂ɔ-dii · (gɔɔ) · kɔ̌ɔ sʉ̀ʉp pá-yaan-bùk-kon tɛɛn pá-yaan-èek-gà-sǎan · mʉ̂ʉa mâi sǎa-mâat nam èek-gà-sǎan maa sà-dɛɛng

Section 94 Where there is a law requiring the production of documentary evidence, prohibited shall be the court from permitting the admission of oral evidence in any of the following cases, even though the other party has consented thereto: (a) the taking of oral evidence in lieu of documentary evidence is requested when the document cannot be brought in and produced;


คำฟ้อง

kam-fɔ́ɔng (romanization)
ฉบับ (classifier)

/kʰam˧.fɔːŋ˦˥/

From คำ (kam, “word”) + ฟ้อง (fɔ́ɔng, “to institute (legal proceedings); to complain, to accuse; etc”).


ลูกขุน

th-noun

ลูกขุน • (lûuk-kǔn)

From ลูก (lûuk, “subordinate”) + ขุน (kǔn, “chief; lord; master”); literally "lord's subordinate".

com

2005, “กฎมนเทิยรบาล”, in กฎหมายตรา ๓ ดวง เล่ม ๑ ฉบับพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยวิชาธรรมศาสตร์และการเมือง แก้ไขปรับปรุงใหม่, Bangkok: สุขภาพใจ, →ISBN, page 75:

อนึ่ง ลูกขุนนา ๑๐๐๐๐ ถึงนา ๘๐๐ แลไปคบไปหาพระราชบุตรพระราชนัดดา โทษถึงตาย

à-nʉ̀ng · lûuk-kǔn naa · mʉ̀ʉn-nʉ̀ng · tʉ̌ng naa · bpɛ̀ɛt-rɔ́ɔi · lɛɛ bpai kóp bpai hǎa prá-râat-chá bùt prá-râat-chá nát-daa · tôot tʉ̌ng dtaai

Moreover, [for] the luk khun [who are entitled to] 800 fiefs to 10,000 fiefs and come into contact or association with royal children or royal grandchildren, death shall be the penalty.

2005, “กฎมนเทิยรบาล”, in กฎหมายตรา ๓ ดวง เล่ม ๑ ฉบับพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยวิชาธรรมศาสตร์และการเมือง แก้ไขปรับปรุงใหม่, Bangkok: สุขภาพใจ, →ISBN, page 76:

อนึ่ง ลูกขุนผู้ใดขาดถือน้ำพระพิพัท โทษถึงตาย

à-nʉ̀ng · lûuk-kǔn pûu dai kàat tʉ̌ʉ-náam-prá-pí-pát · tôot tʉ̌ng dtaai

Moreover, [for] any luk khun who fails to attend the drinking of the water of allegiance, death shall be the penalty.


นัดพร้อม

th-noun

นัดพร้อม • (nát-prɔ́ɔm)

From นัด (nát, “to appoint; appointment”) + พร้อม (prɔ́ɔm, “together; with every related person included”).

com

2019 March 21, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความแพ่ง”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, retrieved 2019-03-28:

มาตรา ๒๒๒/๒๐ เมื่อศาลได้มีคำสั่งอนุญาตให้ดำเนินคดีแบบกลุ่มและจำเลยได้ยื่นคำให้การแล้ว ให้ศาลกำหนดวันนัดพร้อมโดยสั่งให้คู่ความทุกฝ่ายมาศาลเพื่อดำเนินการดังนี้

mâat-dtraa · sɔ̌ɔng-rɔ́ɔi yîi-sìp sɔ̌ɔng / yîi sìp · mʉ̂ʉa sǎan dâai mii kam-sàng à-nú-yâat hâi dam-nəən-ká-dii-bɛ̀ɛp-glùm lɛ́ jam-ləəi dâai yʉ̂ʉn kam-hâi-gaan lɛ́ɛo · hâi sǎan gam-nòt wan nát-prɔ́ɔm dooi sàng hâi kûu-kwaam túk fàai maa sǎan pʉ̂ʉa dam-nəən gaan dang-níi

Section 222/20 When the court has issued an order permitting a class action and the defendant has filed a reply, the court shall determine a pre-trial conference day by ordering every party to attend court in order to carry out the following activities:

มาตรา ๒๒๒/๒๑ ก่อนวันนัดพร้อมตามมาตรา ๒๒๒/๒๐ ไม่น้อยกว่าสิบห้าวัน ให้คู่ความยื่นบัญชีระบุพยานต่อศาลพร้อมสำเนาในจำนวนที่เพียงพอ... ถ้าคู่ความฝ่ายใดมีความจำนงจะยื่นบัญชีระบุพยานเพิ่มเติม ให้ยื่นต่อศาลก่อนกระบวนพิจารณาที่ต้องกระทำในวันนัดพร้อมเสร็จสิ้น

mâat-dtraa · sɔ̌ɔng-rɔ́ɔi yîi-sìp sɔ̌ɔng / yîi-sìp èt · gɔ̀ɔn wan nát-prɔ́ɔm dtaam mâat-dtraa · sɔ̌ɔng-rɔ́ɔi yîi-sìp sɔ̌ɔng / yîi sìp · mâi nɔ́ɔi gwàa sìp hâa wan · hâi kûu-kwaam yʉ̂ʉn ban-chii-rá-bù-pá-yaan dtɔ̀ɔ sǎan prɔ́ɔm sǎm-nao nai jam-nuuan tîi piiang-pɔɔ ... · tâa kûu-kwaam fàai dai mii kwaam-jam-nong jà yʉ̂ʉn ban-chii-rá-bù-pá-yaan pə̂əm-dtəəm · hâi yʉ̂ʉn dtɔ̀ɔ sǎan gɔ̀ɔn grà-buuan-pí-jaa-rá-naa tîi dtɔ̂ng grà-tam nai wan nát-prɔ́ɔm sèt-sîn

Section 222/21 Not less than fifteen days prior to the pre-trial conference day according to Section 222/20, [each] party shall file with the court a list of evidence together with its copies in a sufficient number... If any party has a wish to file a supplementary list of evidence, he shall file it with the court before the proceedings which need to be conducted on the pre-trial conference day are over.

เมื่อศาลได้ดำเนินการตามมาตรานี้เสร็จสิ้นแล้ว ให้ศาลกำหนดวันสืบพยานซึ่งมีระยะเวลาไม่น้อยกว่าสิบวันนับแต่วันนัดพร้อมวันสุดท้าย

mʉ̂ʉa sǎan dâai dam-nəən gaan dtaam mâat-dtraa níi sèt-sîn lɛ́ɛo · hâi sǎan gam-nòt wan sʉ̀ʉp-pá-yaan sʉ̂ng mii rá-yá-wee-laa mâi nɔ́ɔi gwàa sìp wan náp dtɛ̀ɛ wan nát-prɔ́ɔm wan sùt-táai

Once the court has completely carried out the activities under this Section, the court shall determine the days for the taking of evidence, of which the period shall not be less than ten days reckoned from the final day of the pre-trial conference.

pre-trial conference
pre-trial conference


การนัดพร้อม

th-noun

การนัดพร้อม • (gaan-nát-prɔ́ɔm)

From การ (gaan) + นัดพร้อม (nát-prɔ́ɔm).

prefix

การ (gaan) + นัดพร้อม (nát-prɔ́ɔm)

นัดพร้อม นัดพร้อม#Thai

(law) abstract noun of นัดพร้อม (nát-prɔ́ɔm)


ละเมิดอำนาจศาล

th-verb

ละเมิดอำนาจศาล • (lá-mə̂ət-am-nâat-sǎan) (abstract noun การละเมิดอำนาจศาล)

lá-mə̂ət-am-nâat-sǎan (romanization)
การละเมิดอำนาจศาล (abstract-noun)

From ละเมิด (lá-mə̂ət, “to violate”) + อำนาจ (am-nâat, “authority; power”) + ศาล (sǎan, “court”); literally "to violate court's authority" or "to violate the authority of the court".


วิสามัญ

th-verb

วิสามัญ • (wí-sǎa-man) (abstract noun การวิสามัญ)

wí-sǎa-man (romanization)
การวิสามัญ (abstract-noun)
วิสามัญฯ (alternative)

From clipping of วิสามัญฆาตกรรม, from วิสามัญ (wí-sǎa-man, “extraordinary; unusual”) + ฆาตกรรม (kâat-dtà-gam, “killing”), perhaps calque of English extrajudicial killing.

clipping

วิสามัญฆาตกรรม

clipping of วิสามัญฆาตกรรม

com

2019 July 24, อีจัน, “ชาวบ้านเวียงแหงไม่พอใจตำรวจวิสามัญหนุ่มมูเซอผู้ต้องหาค้ายา รุมกระทืบเจ็บหนัก”, in อีจัน, Bangkok: อีจัน, retrieved 2019-09-11:

chaao-bâan wiiang hɛ̌ɛng mâi pɔɔ-jai dtam-rùuat wí-sǎa-man nùm muu-səə pûu-dtɔ̂ng-hǎa káa yaa

Wiang Haeng villages displeased with police [for] extrajudicially killing a Musoe lad accused of drug dealing

2019 July 26, “ชาวบ้านล่าหู่พาสื่อดูจุดวิสามัญ ชี้ผู้ตายไม่ได้ต่อสู้ไม่มีอาวุธติดตัว”, in ไทยรัฐออนไลน์, Bangkok: วัชรพล:

ชาวบ้านลาหู่...ประมาณ ๒๐๐ คนได้แห่โลงศพของนาย...อายุ ๒๖ ปี ที่ถูกตำรวจวิสามัญที่กลางดอย...ชาวบ้านอ้างว่าเป็นการกระทำเกินเหตุและละเมิดสิทธิมนุษยชนอย่างร้ายแรง จึงรวมตัวเรียกร้องความเป็นธรรมโดยจะแห่โลงศพไปที่หน้า สภ.เวียงแหง

chaao-bâan laa-hùu ... bprà-maan · sɔ̌ɔng-rɔ́ɔi · kon dâai hɛ̀ɛ loong-sòp kɔ̌ɔng naai ... aa-yú · yîi-sìp hòk · bpii · tîi tùuk dtam-rùuat wí-sǎa-man tîi glaang dɔɔi ... chaao-bâan âang wâa bpen gaan-grà-tam gəən-hèet lɛ́ lá-mə̂ət sìt-tí-má-nút-sà-yá-chon yàang ráai-rɛɛng · jʉng ruuam-dtuua rîiak-rɔ́ɔng kwaam-bpen-tam dooi jà hɛ̀ɛ loong-sòp bpai tîi nâa · sɔ̌ɔ-pɔɔ wiiang hɛ̌ɛng

Around 200...Lahu villagers paraded a coffin [containing] the body of Nai..., aged 26 years, who had been extrajudicially killed by the police in the middle of the hill... Claiming that [this is such] an immoderate act and a serious breach of human rights, the villagers then gathered to demand justice, [intending] to parade the coffin to the front of the Wiang Haeng Provincial Police Station.


Offizialverteidiger

de-noun

Offizialverteidiger m (strong, genitive Offizialverteidigers, plural Offizialverteidiger, feminine Offizialverteidigerin)

Offizialverteidigers (genitive)
Offizialverteidiger (plural)
Offizialverteidigerin (feminine)
Offizialverteidiger (nominative singular)
Offizialverteidiger (definite nominative plural)
Offizialverteidigers (genitive singular)
Offizialverteidiger (definite genitive plural)
Offizialverteidiger (dative singular)
Offizialverteidigern (dative definite plural)
Offizialverteidiger (accusative singular)
Offizialverteidiger (accusative definite plural)

[ɔfiˈt͡si̯aːlfɛɐ̯ˌtaɪ̯dɪɡɐ]

(dated except in Switzerland) public defender (court-appointed attorney for the defense)


อนาถา

th-adv

อนาถา • (à-naa-tǎa) (abstract noun ความอนาถา)

à-naa-tǎa (romanization)
ความอนาถา (abstract-noun)

/ʔa˨˩.naː˧.tʰaː˩˩˦/

From อ (ɔɔ, “lacking; without”) + นาถา (“protector; master; lord; husband; etc”).


มอบตัว

th-verb

มอบตัว • (mɔ̂ɔp-dtuua) (abstract noun การมอบตัว)

mɔ̂ɔp-dtuua (romanization)
การมอบตัว (abstract-noun)

From มอบ (mɔ̂ɔp, “to give”) + ตัว (dtuua, “body; self”).

com

to give up (oneself or someone) to an authority as a criminal, suspect, or the like.


เบิกความ

th-verb

เบิกความ • (bə̀ək-kwaam) (abstract noun การเบิกความ)

bə̀ək-kwaam (romanization)
การเบิกความ (abstract-noun)

From เบิก (bə̀ək, “to bring forwards”) + ความ (kwaam, “matter; affair; etc”).


รูปคดี

From รูป (rûup, “form; shape”) + คดี (ká-dii, “legal case”).

1935 June 5, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, published 2019-03-21, archived from the original on 2020-10-04:

ถ้าศาลอุทธรณ์เห็นเป็นการจำเป็นเนื่องจากศาลชั้นต้นมิได้ปฏิบัติให้ถูกต้องตามกระบวนพิจารณา ก็ให้พิพากษาสั่งให้ศาลชั้นต้นทำการพิจารณาและพิพากษาหรือสั่งใหม่ตามรูปคดี

tâa sǎan-ùt-tɔɔn hěn bpen gaan jam-bpen nʉ̂ʉang-jàak sǎan-chán-dtôn mí dâai bpà-dtì-bàt hâi tùuk-dtɔ̂ng dtaam grà-buuan-pí-jaa-rá-naa · gɔ̂ hâi pí-pâak-sǎa sàng hâi sǎan-chán-dtôn tam gaan-pí-jaa-rá-naa lɛ́ pí-pâak-sǎa rʉ̌ʉ sàng mài dtaam rûup-ká-dii

If the court of appeal finds it necessary because the court of first instance did not correctly comply with the [rules on] proceedings, then [the court of appeal] shall, [by] judgment, order the court of first instance to conduct the trial and render the judgment or order on the merits again.


ดำเนินคดี

th-verb

ดำเนินคดี • (dam-nəən-ká-dii) (abstract noun การดำเนินคดี)

dam-nəən-ká-dii (romanization)
การดำเนินคดี (abstract-noun)

From ดำเนิน (dam-nəən, “to carry out; to conduct”) + คดี (ká-dii, “legal case; legal matter; legal proceeding(s)”).

com

(criminal procedure) to prosecute criminally; to subject to a criminal prosecution; to institute a criminal prosecution (against).


default judgement

en-noun

default judgement (plural default judgements)

default judgements (plural)
default judgment (alternative)

A binding legal judgment in favor of either litigant in a lawsuit based on some failure to take action by the other party.

缺席判決 /缺席判决

Judgement due to failure of a party to take action


票控

/pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰʊŋ⁵¹/

/pʰiːu̯³³ hʊŋ³³/

/pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰʊŋ⁵¹/

/pʰiːu̯³³ hʊŋ³³/

(Hong Kong, of a government agency or law enforcement) to issue a summons to (someone or some organization)


คดีหมายเลขดำ

th-noun

คดีหมายเลขดำ • (ká-dii-mǎai-lêek-dam) (classifier คดี or เรื่อง)

ká-dii-mǎai-lêek-dam (romanization)
คดี (classifier)
เรื่อง (classifier)

From คดี (ká-dii, “case”) + หมายเลข (mǎai-lêek, “number”) + ดำ (dam, “black”); literally "black number case".

com

(law) legal case pending decision before a court.


forum selection clause

en-noun

forum selection clause (plural forum selection clauses)

choice of court agreement
choice of court agreement#English

A contractual provision determining the territorial (or less often only international, or subject matter) jurisdiction for a legal dispute concerning a concrete legal relationship.

協議管轄條款 /协议管辖条款

contractual clause for the place of legal dispute


協議管轄條款

ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ

ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ

сеи гуанься тяокуань

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ i⁵¹ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ kʰu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

forum selection clause
forum selection clause


合意管轄條款

ㄏㄜˊ ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ

хэи гуанься тяокуань

/xɤ³⁵ i⁵¹ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ kʰu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


Dispositiv

de-noun

Dispositiv n (strong, genitive Dispositivs, plural Dispositive)

Dispositivs (genitive)
Dispositive (plural)
Dispositiv (nominative singular)
Dispositive (definite nominative plural)
Dispositivs (genitive singular)
Dispositive (definite genitive plural)
Dispositiv (dative singular)
Dispositiven (dative definite plural)
Dispositiv (accusative singular)
Dispositive (accusative definite plural)

(Switzerland, by extension also international law) operative part of a court order


人身保護令

ㄖㄣˊ ㄕㄣ ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ

ㄖㄣˊ ㄕㄣ ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ

жэньшэнь баоху лин

/ʐən³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ liŋ⁵¹/

/ʐən³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ liŋ⁵¹/


起訴狀

ㄑㄧˇ ㄙㄨˋ ㄓㄨㄤˋ

ㄑㄧˇ ㄙㄨˋ ㄓㄨㄤˋ

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ su⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ su⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


抗訴

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

地方各級人民檢察院認為本級人民法院第一審的判決、裁定確有錯誤的時候，應當向上一級人民法院提出抗訴。 [MSC, trad.]
地方各级人民检察院认为本级人民法院第一审的判决、裁定确有错误的时候，应当向上一级人民法院提出抗诉。 [MSC, simp.]
Dìfāng gèjí rénmínjiǎncháyuàn rènwèi běn jí rénmínfǎyuàn dìyī shěn de pànjué, cáidìng què yǒu cuòwù de shíhòu, yìngdāng xiàng shàng yī jí rénmínfǎyuàn tíchū kàngsù. [Pinyin]

Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, Article 228

When local people's procuratorates of all levels believe that the verdict or judgment of first instance by the people's court of the same level is wrong, they shall appeal to the corresponding superior people's court.

(Mainland China, criminal law) to appeal a criminal case by the prosecution


自由心證

ㄗˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄓㄥˋ

ㄗˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄓㄥˋ

цзыю синьчжэн

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵ ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵ ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

2020 June 24, 浙江省杭州市中级人民法院 (Intermediate People's Court of Hangzhou, Zhejiang), （2020）浙01民终2725号民事判决书

Xuānpàn hòu, Yáng Zīchén bùfú, xiàng běnyuàn tíqǐ shàngsù chēng: […] yuánshěn fǎyuàn wèi jiānchí shéi zhǔzhāng shéi jǔzhèng de yuánzé, jǐn cóng zìyóu xīnzhèng de jiǎodù chūfā, cuòwù rènwèi Yáng Zīchén yāoqiú de shì bǐ yībānrén gèng duō de jiùyè quánlì, yàoqiú duì qí kuàxìngbié de shēnfèn jìnxíng tèshū de zhàogù.

宣判後，楊滋晨不服，向本院提起上訴稱：[…]原審法院未堅持誰主張誰舉證的原則，僅從自由心證的角度出發，錯誤認為楊滋晨要求的是比一般人更多的就業權利，要求對其跨性別的身份進行特殊的照顧。

宣判后，杨滋晨不服，向本院提起上诉称：[…]原审法院未坚持谁主张谁举证的原则，仅从自由心证的角度出发，错误认为杨滋晨要求的是比一般人更多的就业权利，要求对其跨性别的身份进行特殊的照顾。

(law) free evaluation of evidence; a legal doctrine in civil law jurisdictions that allows judges to evaluate the strength of evidences by themselves instead by statute law

In the Tainan area, there are two "honesty stores." One sells flowers, and the other sells drinks. These stores are stocked with products, but there are no employees to assist with checkout. Customers pay based on the honor system, making it a true test of integrity.

2017 February 25, [https: /travel.ettoday.net/amp/amp_news.php7?news_id=873247]

Zài táinán dìqū yǒu 2 jiān “chéngshí shāngdiàn”, yī jiān mài huā, yī jiān mài yǐnliào, diàn lǐ bǎi mǎn shāngpǐn, méiyǒu yuángōng dīng zhù bāngmáng jiézhàng, fù bù fù qián wánquán zìyóuxīnzhèng, xiàngdāng kǎoyàn rénxìng.

在台南地區有2間「誠實商店」，一間賣花、一間賣飲料，店裡擺滿商品，沒有員工盯著幫忙結帳，付不付錢完全自由心證，相當考驗人性。

在台南地区有2间「诚实商店」，一间卖花、一间卖饮料，店里摆满商品，没有员工盯著帮忙结帐，付不付钱完全自由心证，相当考验人性。

(informal) honesty assumed for anyone involved; based on the trust/honesty/honor system


Insolvenzverfahren

Insolvenzverfahren n (strong, genitive Insolvenzverfahrens, plural Insolvenzverfahren)

Insolvenzverfahrens (genitive)
Insolvenzverfahren (plural)
Insolvenzverfahren (nominative singular)
Insolvenzverfahren (definite nominative plural)
Insolvenzverfahrens (genitive singular)
Insolvenzverfahren (definite genitive plural)
Insolvenzverfahren (dative singular)
Insolvenzverfahren (dative definite plural)
Insolvenzverfahren (accusative singular)
Insolvenzverfahren (accusative definite plural)

insolvency proceedings
insolvency proceedings

procedure for declaring bankruptcy, insolvency proceedings


Rechtskraft

Rechtskraft f (genitive Rechtskraft, no plural)

Rechtskraft (genitive)
Rechtskraft (nominative singular)
Rechtskraft (genitive singular)
Rechtskraft (dative singular)
Rechtskraft (accusative singular)


假扣押

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰoʊ̯⁵¹ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰoʊ̯⁵¹ jä⁵⁵/

(chiefly Taiwan, Macau) to sequester (to temporarily remove property from possession of its owner and hold it as security against legal claims)


函送

/xän³⁵ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/haːm²¹ sʊŋ³³/

/xän³⁵ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/haːm²¹ sʊŋ³³/

(Taiwan, law) to transfer (移送) a criminal case from a law enforcement agency to the prosecution by letter


Diplock court

From Diplock + court. Named after British law lord Kenneth Diplock, Baron Diplock, who suggested using bench trial to address perverse verdicts and jury intimidation during jury trials in the heat of The Troubles.

named-after

(Northern Ireland) a type of criminal court established in Northern Ireland during The Troubles for bench trial of certain serious offences like murder, arson and riot.

Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland

Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007


紐頓聆訊

ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

Нюдунь линсюнь

/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵¹ liŋ³⁵ ɕyn⁵¹/

/nɐu̯¹³ tɵn²² lɪŋ²¹ sɵn³³/

/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵¹ liŋ³⁵ ɕyn⁵¹/

/nɐu̯¹³ tɵn²² lɪŋ²¹ sɵn³³/

(Hong Kong, criminal law) Newton hearing


入稟

/ʐu⁵¹ piŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐp̚² pɐn³⁵/

/ʐu⁵¹ piŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐp̚² pɐn³⁵/

入稟法庭

入禀法庭


控罪書

ㄎㄨㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄕㄨ

ㄎㄨㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄕㄨ

/kʰʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ³³ t͡sɵy̯²² syː⁵⁵/

/kʰʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ³³ t͡sɵy̯²² syː⁵⁵/

(chiefly Hong Kong, criminal law) charge sheet


วิสามัญฯ

th-verb

วิสามัญฯ • (wí-sǎa-man) (abstract noun การวิสามัญฯ)

wí-sǎa-man (romanization)
การวิสามัญฯ (abstract-noun)

วิสามัญ วิสามัญ#Thai

alternative form of วิสามัญ (wí-sǎa-man) (etymology 2)


law shopping

private international law
private international law

Exploiting differences of private international law between legal systems or otherwise procuring the application of a particular legal system’s rules in order to optimize the substantive law applied to one’s case.


pyjama injunction

en-noun

pyjama injunction (plural pyjama injunctions)

pyjama injunctions (plural)
pajama injunction (alternative)

From urban legends stating that judges wore pyjamas when dealing with such injunctions due to lateness.

They're called pyjama injunctions because, according to folklore, they're granted by High Court judges who, due to the lateness of the hour, are already in kipping gear.

2000 July 3, Marcel Berlins, “Beware judges in pyjamas”, in The Guardian:

When the claimants were informed that Hello! was about to publish the unauthorised photographs, they immediately sought a ‘pyjama injunction’ by telephone.

2001, Jonathan Horton, “The developing right to privacy - at common law”, in Privacy Law and Policy Reporter, volume 7, number 10, page 206:

The measure — branded a "pyjama injunction" by critics as it can be issued outside normal court hours — was behind the grounding of the first flight to Rwanda in June 2022.

2024 January 25, Emma Soteriou, “Rishi Sunak faces fresh blow over Rwanda as European judge claims plan is unlawful”, in LBC:

(England, Wales, informal) An injunction that was granted (typically at night) with expediency outside a court's office hours.


originating summons

originating summons (plural originating summonses)

(UK, Hong Kong) A legal document that starts a civil action, typically used when there is significant legal dispute instead of factual dispute.


descend into the arena

en-verb

descend into the arena (third-person singular simple present descends into the arena, present participle descending into the arena, simple past and past participle descended into the arena)

descends into the arena (present singular third-person)
descending into the arena (participle present)
descended into the arena (participle past)
descended into the arena (past)

(law) In relation to a judge in an adversarial system, to excessively interfere with debates between the parties.


examining magistrate

en-noun

examining magistrate (plural examining magistrates)

examining magistrates (plural)
examining judge (alternative)
investigating magistrate (alternative)
investigating judge (alternative)

inquisitorial system
inquisitorial system

(law) A judge in an inquisitorial system of law who carries out pre-trial investigations into allegations of crime and in some cases makes a recommendation for prosecution.

預審法官 /预审法官

judge who carries out pre-trial investigations


表證

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/piːu̯³⁵ t͡sɪŋ³³/

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/piːu̯³⁵ t͡sɪŋ³³/

(Hong Kong, law) short for 表面證據／表面证据 (biǎomiàn zhèngjù) or 表面證供／表面证供 (biǎomiàn zhènggōng, “prima facie case”)


公訴書

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ su⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ sou̯³³ syː⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ su⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ sou̯³³ syː⁵⁵/


Hilfsklage

de-noun

Hilfsklage f (genitive Hilfsklage, plural Hilfsklagen)

Hilfsklage (genitive)
Hilfsklagen (plural)
Hilfsklage (nominative singular)
Hilfsklagen (definite nominative plural)
Hilfsklage (genitive singular)
Hilfsklagen (definite genitive plural)
Hilfsklage (dative singular)
Hilfsklagen (dative definite plural)
Hilfsklage (accusative singular)
Hilfsklagen (accusative definite plural)

a claim filed as a substitute should the most favoured action (Hauptklage) be bound to fail


Widerklage

Widerklage f (genitive Widerklage, plural Widerklagen)

Widerklage (genitive)
Widerklagen (plural)
Widerklage (nominative singular)
Widerklagen (definite nominative plural)
Widerklage (genitive singular)
Widerklagen (definite genitive plural)
Widerklage (dative singular)
Widerklagen (dative definite plural)
Widerklage (accusative singular)
Widerklagen (accusative definite plural)


Hauptklage

Hauptklage f (genitive Hauptklage, plural Hauptklagen)

Hauptklage (genitive)
Hauptklagen (plural)
Hauptklage (nominative singular)
Hauptklagen (definite nominative plural)
Hauptklage (genitive singular)
Hauptklagen (definite genitive plural)
Hauptklage (dative singular)
Hauptklagen (dative definite plural)
Hauptklage (accusative singular)
Hauptklagen (accusative definite plural)

a claim filed not under the condition that another claim filed by the same party fails


common informer

en-noun

common informer (plural common informers)

(law, historical) A person who give evidence in criminal trials solely for the purpose of receiving the penalty or forfeiture recovered from the defendant.


原訴傳票

ㄩㄢˊ ㄙㄨˋ ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄆㄧㄠˋ

ㄩㄢˊ ㄙㄨˋ ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄆㄧㄠˋ

юаньсу чуаньпяо

/ɥɛn³⁵ su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyːn²¹ sou̯³³ t͡sʰyːn²¹ pʰiːu̯³³/

/ɥɛn³⁵ su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyːn²¹ sou̯³³ t͡sʰyːn²¹ pʰiːu̯³³/


拘提

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ tʰi³⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ tʰi³⁵/


拘票

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/


缺席判決

ㄑㄩㄝ ㄒㄧˊ ㄆㄢˋ ㄐㄩㄝˊ

ㄑㄩㄝ ㄒㄧˊ ㄆㄢˋ ㄐㄩㄝˊ

цюэси паньцзюэ

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵⁵ ɕi³⁵ pʰän⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵⁵ ɕi³⁵ pʰän⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/


Versäumnisurteil

de-noun

Versäumnisurteil n (strong, genitive Versäumnisurteiles or Versäumnisurteils, plural Versäumnisurteile)

Versäumnisurteiles (genitive)
Versäumnisurteils (genitive)
Versäumnisurteile (plural)
Versäumnisurteil (nominative singular)
Versäumnisurteile (definite nominative plural)
Versäumnisurteiles (genitive singular)
Versäumnisurteils (genitive singular)
Versäumnisurteile (definite genitive plural)
Versäumnisurteil (dative singular)
Versäumnisurteile (dative singular)
Versäumnisurteilen (dative definite plural)
Versäumnisurteil (accusative singular)
Versäumnisurteile (accusative definite plural)

/fɛɐ̯ˈzɔɪ̯mnɪsˌʔuːɐ̯taɪ̯l/

default judgement (binding legal judgment in favor of either litigant in a lawsuit based on some failure to take action by the other party)


Säumnisurteil

Säumnisurteil n (strong, genitive Säumnisurteiles or Säumnisurteils, plural Säumnisurteile)

Säumnisurteiles (genitive)
Säumnisurteils (genitive)
Säumnisurteile (plural)
Säumnisurteil (nominative singular)
Säumnisurteile (definite nominative plural)
Säumnisurteiles (genitive singular)
Säumnisurteils (genitive singular)
Säumnisurteile (definite genitive plural)
Säumnisurteil (dative singular)
Säumnisurteile (dative singular)
Säumnisurteilen (dative definite plural)
Säumnisurteil (accusative singular)
Säumnisurteile (accusative definite plural)

/ˈzɔɪ̯mnɪsˌʔuːɐ̯taɪ̯l/

(Switzerland, in Germany and Austria non-standard) default judgement (binding legal judgment in favor of either litigant in a lawsuit based on some failure to take action by the other party)


一罪兩審

ㄧ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄕㄣˇ

ㄧ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄕㄣˇ

ицзуй ляншэнь

/i⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ t͡sɵy̯²² lœːŋ¹³ sɐm³⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ t͡sɵy̯²² lœːŋ¹³ sɐm³⁵/

1994, Law Reform Commission of Hong Kong, “Report on Double Jeopardy: Summary”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 1:

The rule against double jeopardy stipulates that no-one may be put in peril twice for the same offence.

Jìnzhǐ yīzuìliǎngshěn de guīzé dìngmíng, rènhé rén jūn bùdé yīn tóngyī xiàng zuìxíng ér zàicì miànduì chéngdān zuìzé de fēngxiǎn.

禁止一罪兩審的規則訂明，任何人均不得因同一項罪行而再次面對承擔罪責的風險。

禁止一罪两审的规则订明，任何人均不得因同一项罪行而再次面对承担罪责的风险。

(Hong Kong, law) double jeopardy; autrefois convict


Hängebeschluss

Hängebeschluss m (strong, genitive Hängebeschlusses, plural Hängebeschlüsse)

Hängebeschlusses (genitive)
Hängebeschlüsse (plural)
Hängebeschluss (nominative singular)
Hängebeschlüsse (definite nominative plural)
Hängebeschlusses (genitive singular)
Hängebeschlüsse (definite genitive plural)
Hängebeschluss (dative singular)
Hängebeschlusse (dative singular)
Hängebeschlüssen (dative definite plural)
Hängebeschluss (accusative singular)
Hängebeschlüsse (accusative definite plural)

/ˈhɛŋəbəˌʃlʊs/

Als die AfD 2021 zum „Verdachtsfall“ erklärt wurde, erließ das Verwaltungsgericht Köln einen derartigen Hängebeschluss. Die Einstufung war daraufhin rund ein Jahr lang ausgesetzt, bis sie vom VG gründlich geprüft worden war.

2025 May 6, Christian Rath, “Klage gegen Einstufung: AfD hofft auf Hängebeschluss”, in Die Tageszeitung: taz, →ISSN:

an informal preliminary order ahead of an actual interim order from a court conventionally respected by an administrative authority in spite of no explicit reasoning


Stillhaltezusage

Stillhaltezusage f (genitive Stillhaltezusage, plural Stillhaltezusagen)

Stillhaltezusage (genitive)
Stillhaltezusagen (plural)
Stillhaltezusage (nominative singular)
Stillhaltezusagen (definite nominative plural)
Stillhaltezusage (genitive singular)
Stillhaltezusagen (definite genitive plural)
Stillhaltezusage (dative singular)
Stillhaltezusagen (dative definite plural)
Stillhaltezusage (accusative singular)
Stillhaltezusagen (accusative definite plural)

Die nun vom BfV gegebene Stillhaltezusage bezieht sich nicht nur auf öffentliche Äußerungen, sondern bedeutet auch, dass der Verfassungsschutz die AfD bis zu einem Urteil nicht als gesichert extremistische Bestrebung beobachten kann.

2025 May 8, “Verfassungsschutz erklärt in AfD-Eilverfahren Stillhaltezusage”, in Der Spiegel, →ISSN:

a binding undertaking from the side of a public authority to refrain the enforcement of its decision even before an interim order from the side of the court decides so


預審法官

ㄩˋ ㄕㄣˇ ㄈㄚˇ ㄍㄨㄢ

ㄩˋ ㄕㄣˇ ㄈㄚˇ ㄍㄨㄢ

юйшэнь фагуань

/y⁵¹ ʂən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/jyː²² sɐm³⁵ faːt̚³ kuːn⁵⁵/

/y⁵¹ ʂən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/jyː²² sɐm³⁵ faːt̚³ kuːn⁵⁵/

examining magistrate
examining magistrate

(law, Macau and certain civil law jurisdictions) examining magistrate


傳聞證據

ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ

ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ

чуаньвэнь чжэнцзюй

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ wən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ mɐn²¹ t͡sɪŋ³³ kɵy̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ wən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ mɐn²¹ t͡sɪŋ³³ kɵy̯³³/


Eilverfahren

Eilverfahren n (strong, genitive Eilverfahrens, plural Eilverfahren)

Eilverfahrens (genitive)
Eilverfahren (plural)
Eilverfahren (nominative singular)
Eilverfahren (definite nominative plural)
Eilverfahrens (genitive singular)
Eilverfahren (definite genitive plural)
Eilverfahren (dative singular)
Eilverfahren (dative definite plural)
Eilverfahren (accusative singular)
Eilverfahren (accusative definite plural)

/ˈʔaɪ̯lfɛɐ̯ˌfaːɐ̯n/

Die Zeit läuft: Ab Dienstag will Meta Daten von Facebook- und Instagram-Nutzer:innen für das Training von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) verwenden. Ein Versuch der Verbraucherzentrale Nordrhein-Westfalen, die Nutzung vorerst zu stoppen, ist im Eilverfahren gescheitert.

2025 May 26, Svenja Bergt, “Facebook und Instagram: Frist für Widerspruch gegen KI läuft ab”, in Die Tageszeitung: taz, →ISSN:

A court proceeding whose applicant motions for an interim order.


偵結

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

(Taiwan) to end an investigation (by the prosecution)