تمام

تَمام (canonical)
tamām (romanization)
तमाम (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian تمام (tamām), from Arabic تَمَام (tamām), from the root ت م م (t m m).


تو

تُو (canonical)
tū (romanization)
तू (Hindi)

Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुहुं (tuhũ), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 (tumaṃ), 𑀢𑀼𑀁 (tuṃ), from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam).

inh+

second-person singular
second-person singular#English

personal pronoun
personal pronoun#English

Early Modern English
Early Modern English

(informal, intimate, contemptuous, possibly vulgar) second-person singular subjective personal pronoun: you, thou; Early Modern English thou.

اے خدا تو ہی میرا مددگار ہے!

(dialectal, literary, religion) second-person singular subjective personal pronoun, intimate or very polite: Thou


تو

head

تُو • (tū) sg (plural تم, Hindi spelling तू)

تُو (canonical)
tū (romanization)
تم (plural)
तू (Hindi)
تُو (direct)
تجھ (indirect)
تو نے (ergative)
تیرا (genitive)
تجھے (dative)
تجھ کو (dative)

(informal, intimate, contemptuous, possibly vulgar) the individual spoken or written to; you, thou, Early Modern English thou.


کم

ur-adj

کَم • (kam) (indeclinable, comparative کَمْتَر (kamtar), superlative کَمتَرِین (kamtarīn), Hindi spelling कम)

کَم (canonical)
kam (romanization)
کَمْتَر (comparative)
کَمتَرِین (superlative)
कम (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”).

bor+

less (in lower degree; to smaller extent)


کم

کَم (canonical)
kam (romanization)
कम (Hindi)


تم

تُم (canonical)
tum (romanization)
तुम (Hindi)

Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.) adopting the initial sounds of त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.).

inh+

کیا تم مجھ سے محبت کرتی ہو؟

تم جیسے لوگوں کی ہی ضرورت ہے یہاں۔

(semiformal, familiar) second-person subjective or objective personal pronoun, grammatically plural: you, ye; Early Modern English ye.


تم

تُم (canonical)
tum (romanization)
तुम (Hindi)
تم (direct)
تم (indirect)
تم نے (ergative)
تمھارا (genitive)
تمھیں (dative)
تم کو (dative)

تم احمق کوئی کام کے نہیں ہو۔

The individual or group spoken or written to; you, ye, Early Modern English ye.


ان

اَنـ (canonical)
an- (romanization)
अन- (Hindi)
اـ (alternative)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀡- (aṇa-), from Sanskrit अन्- (an-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“not, un-”).

ان + کَہا (kahā, “said”) → اَنْکَہا (ankahā, “unsaid, unspoken”)

A negating prefix. non-, un-, a-, an-, etc.


ہر

Borrowed from Classical Persian هر (har). Doublet of سب (sab).


ہم

ہَم (canonical)
ham (romanization)
हम (Hindi)

Inherited from Old Hindi हम (hama), हंम (haṃma), from Apabhramsa अम्हे (amhe), from Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).

ہَم ہون٘گے کامْیاب۔

ہَم سے نا کَبھی جُدا ہونا۔

first-person plural
first-person plural#English

مَیں میں#Urdu

مُجھ مجھ#Urdu

first-person plural subjective or objective personal pronoun: we, us; plural of مَیں (ma͠i), مُجھ (mujh)


میں

مَیں (canonical)
ma͠i (romanization)
मैं (Hindi)

Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa मइं (maĩ), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀏 (mae), from Sanskrit मया (mayā).

inh+

میں ایک آدمی ہوں۔

first-person singular
first-person singular#English

first-person singular subjective personal pronoun: I


اس

اِس (canonical)
is (romanization)
इस (Hindi)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀲𑁄 (eso), from Sanskrit एषः (eṣaḥ).

third-person singular
third-person singular#English

(proximal) third-person singular objective personal pronoun: him, (oblique case) her, (oblique case) it


اس

اُس (canonical)
us (romanization)
उस (Hindi)

(distal) third-person singular objective personal pronoun: him, (oblique case) her, (oblique case) it


وہ

vo (romanization)
वो (Hindi)
वह (Hindi)
وُہ (direct singular)
وے ) (direct plural)
اُس (indirect singular)
اُن (indirect plural)
اُس نے (ergative singular)
اُنھوں نے (ergative plural)
اُس کا (genitive singular)
اُن کا (genitive plural)
اُسے (dative singular)
اُس کو (dative singular)
اُنھیں (dative plural)
اُن کو (dative plural)

Most likely from Old Hindi उहु (uhu), उहुं (uhuṃ), from Apabhramsa ओहु (ohu), from Prakrit 𑀅𑀳𑁄 (aho), from Sanskrit असौ (asáu, “that”). The inflected forms are formed by analogy with its proximal counterpart یہ (ye).

that, those (distal demonstrative determiner)


میرا

head

میرا • (merā) m (plural ہمارا, Hindi spelling मेरा)

merā (romanization)
ہمارا (plural)
मेरा (Hindi)
میرا (direct masculine singular)
میرے (direct masculine plural)
میری (direct feminine singular)
میری (direct feminine plural)
میرے (indirect masculine singular)
میرے (indirect masculine plural)
میری (feminine indirect singular)
میری (feminine indirect plural)

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀏 (mae) + را (rā, genitive affix), the first element of which is from Sanskrit मे (me), variant dative of अहम् (aham).
Cognate with Persian مرا (marâ).

af

Sauraseni Prakrit <i class="Brah mention" lang="pra">𑀫𑀏</i> (mae)

possessive determiner
possessive determiner#English

first-person singular possessive determiner: my


سب

سَب (canonical)
sab (romanization)
सब (Hindi)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀩𑁆𑀩 (sabba), 𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯 (savva), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯 (savva), 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯 (sarva), from Sanskrit सर्व (sárva), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sárwas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sárwas, from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-wó-s, from *solh₂- (“whole”). Doublet of ہر. Cognate with Kamkata-viri suv, Persian هر (har).


جملہ

ur-adj

جُمْلَہ • (jumlā) (Hindi spelling जुमला)

جُمْلَہ (canonical)
jumlā (romanization)
जुमला (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian جمله (jumla), from Arabic جُمْلَة (jumla).


جملہ

ur-noun

جُمْلَہ • (jumlā) m (Hindi spelling जुमला)


یہ

ye (romanization)
ये (Hindi)
यह (Hindi)
یِہ (direct singular)
یِہ (direct plural)
اِس (indirect singular)
اِن (indirect plural)
اِس نے (ergative singular)
اِنْہوں نے (ergative plural)
اِس کا (genitive singular)
اِن کا (genitive plural)
اِسے (dative singular)
اِس کو (dative singular)
اِنہیں (dative plural)
اِن کو (dative plural)

Inherited from Old Hindi यहु (yahu), from Apabhramsa एहु m (ehu), एह f (eha), from Prakrit 𑀏𑀲𑁄 m (eso), 𑀏𑀲𑀸 f (esā), from Sanskrit एषः m (eṣaḥ), एषा f (eṣā).

this, these (proximal demonstrative determiner)


ہمارا

ur-pron

ہَمارا • (hamārā) m (Hindi spelling हमारा)

ہَمارا (canonical)
hamārā (romanization)
हमारा (Hindi)

/ɦə.mɑː.ɾɑː/

Inherited from Old Hindi हमारा (hamārā), हंमारा (haṃmārā), from Apabhramsa अम्हार (amhāra) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-) by metathesis; see there for more

possessive pronoun
possessive pronoun#English

میرا میرا#Urdu

first-person plural possessive pronoun: ours; plural of میرا (merā)

(formal, majestic plural) first-person singular possessive pronoun: mine


ہمارا

ہَمارا (canonical)
hamārā (romanization)
हमारा (Hindi)
ہمارا (direct masculine singular)
ہمارے (direct masculine plural)
ہماری (direct feminine singular)
ہماری (direct feminine plural)
ہمارے (indirect masculine singular)
ہمارے (indirect masculine plural)
ہماری (feminine indirect singular)
ہماری (feminine indirect plural)

/ɦə.mɑː.ɾɑː/

سارے جہاں سے اچھا ہندوستاں ہَمارا
ہم بلبلیں ہیں اس کی، یہ گلستاں ہمارا
sāre jahā̃ se acchā hindostā̃ hamārā

Better than the whole world, is our Hindustan;
We are its nightingales, and it is our flower-garden.

ham bulbulẽ ha͠i is kī, ye gulistā̃ hamārā

میرا میرا#Urdu

first-person plural possessive determiner: our; plural of میرا (merā)

(formal, majestic plural) first-person singular possessive determiner: my


تیرا

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀏 (tae) + را (rā, genitive affix), the first element of which is from Sanskrit ते (te), variant dative of त्वम् (tvam).
Cognate with Classical Persian ترا (turā): تو (tū) + را (rā)

af

(informal, intimate, contemptuous, possibly vulgar) second-person singular possessive pronoun: yours, thine; Early Modern English thine.


تیرا

head

تیرا • (terā) m (plural تمہارا, Hindi spelling तेरा)

terā (romanization)
تمہارا (plural)
तेरा (Hindi)
تیرا (direct masculine singular)
تیرے (direct masculine plural)
تیری (direct feminine singular)
تیری (direct feminine plural)
تیرے (indirect masculine singular)
تیرے (indirect masculine plural)
تیری (feminine indirect singular)
تیری (feminine indirect plural)

(informal, intimate, contemptuous, possibly vulgar) second-person singular possessive determiner: your, thy; Early Modern English thy.

(dialectal, literary, religion) second-person singular possessive determiner, intimate or very polite: thy


تمہارا

تمہارا • (tumhārā) m (Hindi spelling तुम्हारा)

tumhārā (romanization)
तुम्हारा (Hindi)
تمہارا (direct masculine singular)
تمہارے (direct masculine plural)
تمہاری (direct feminine singular)
تمہاری (direct feminine plural)
تمہارے (indirect masculine singular)
تمہارے (indirect masculine plural)
تمہاری (feminine indirect singular)
تمہاری (feminine indirect plural)
تُمْھارا (alternative)

/t̪ʊm.ɦɑː.ɾɑː/

Probably from Apabhramsa तुम्हारा (tumhārā), formed from Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe) or 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (tumhehiṃ) + را (rā, genitive affix) by analogy with 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe) or 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (amhehiṃ) to अम्हारा (amhārā) or possibly inherited from Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (tumhāṇaṃ), genitive of 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe).

af

<i class="Brah mention" lang="pra">𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁</i> (tumhehiṃ)

second-person possessive determiner, grammatically plural: your; Early Modern English your.


تجھ

head

تجھ • (tujh) sg (plural تم, Hindi spelling तुझ)

tujh (romanization)
تم (plural)
तुझ (Hindi)

Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुज्झु (tujjhu), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀁 (tujjhaṃ), from Sanskrit तुभ्यम् (tubhyam).

inh+

(oblique case) you, thee, Early Modern English thee.


سارا

sārā (romanization)
सारा (Hindi)
سارا (direct masculine singular)
سارے (direct masculine plural)
ساری (direct feminine singular)
ساری (direct feminine plural)
سارے (indirect masculine singular)
سارے (indirect masculine plural)
ساری (feminine indirect singular)
ساری (feminine indirect plural)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀭 (sāra, “all, whole”), from Sanskrit सार (sā́ra, “best part”).

inh+

سارا دن


کتنا

head

कितना (kitnā)

کِتْنا • (kitnā) (Hindi spelling कितना (kitnā))

کِتْنا (canonical)
kitnā (romanization)
कितना (Hindi)
کِتْنا (direct masculine singular)
کِتْنے (direct masculine plural)
کِتْنی (direct feminine singular)
کِتْنی (direct feminine plural)
کِتْنے (indirect masculine singular)
کِتْنے (indirect masculine plural)
کِتْنی (feminine indirect singular)
کِتْنی (feminine indirect plural)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀬 (kittiya) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀦- (-na-), from Sanskrit *कियत्त (kiyatta), variant of कियत् (kíyat). Doublet of کِتَّا (kittā). Cognate with Punjabi ਕਿਤਨਾ /کِتْنا (kitnā).

cog

ਕਿਤਨਾ//کِتْنا