մակ-

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian մակ (mak).

learned borrowing

մակ- (mak-) + երիկամ (erikam, “kidney”) → մակերիկամ (makerikam, “adrenal gland”)

մակ- (mak-) + բայ (bay, “verb”) → մակբայ (makbay, “adverb”)


-olo

it-adj

-olo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ola, masculine plural -oli, feminine plural -ole)

-ola (feminine)
-oli (masculine plural)
-ole (feminine plural)

campagna (“countryside”) + -olo → campagnolo (“rural”)

montagna (“mountain”) + -olo → montagnolo (“highlander”)

used to form an adjective expressing derivation from a root noun


-loxía

From Latin -logia, from Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía).


-loxía

gl-noun

-loxía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -loxías)


-cum

-cī (genitive)
-cum (nominative singular)
-ca (nominative plural)
-cī (genitive singular)
-cōrum (genitive plural)
-cō (dative singular)
-cīs (dative plural)
-cum (accusative singular)
-ca (accusative plural)
-cō (ablative singular)
-cīs (ablative plural)
-cum (singular vocative)
-ca (plural vocative)

Substantivisation of the neuter forms of -cus.

cantus + -cum → canticum

suffixed to nouns of any gender, forms neuter nouns


-latry

From Late Latin latria, from Ancient Greek λατρεία (latreía, “service; worship”).

der

-latria

forms a noun meaning worship of stemmed noun


-weard

Middle English: -warde, -ward

English: -ward

Scots: -wart, -art, -it

From Proto-Germanic *wardaz (“turned toward, in the direction of, facing”), from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to turn, bend”).
Akin to Old Frisian -ward, Old Saxon -ward, Old Norse verðr, German -wärts. Cognate with Old English weorþan (“to turn (into), become”).

cog

ēasteweard ― eastward, tōweard (adjective and noun) ― future

Forming adjectives and nouns from adjectives or prepositions, with the sense of "in the direction of, toward".

Forming adverbs from adjectives or prepositions, with the sense of "in the direction of, toward".


oþ-

From unstressed Proto-West Germanic *unþa-.

ōþstillan

perfective; completely; intensifying an action


-ékony

-ékony (nominative singular)
-ékonyak (nominative plural)
-ékonyat (accusative singular)
-ékonyakat (accusative plural)
-ékonynak (dative singular)
-ékonyaknak (dative plural)
-ékonnyal (instrumental singular)
-ékonyakkal (instrumental plural)
-ékonyért (causal-final singular)
-ékonyakért (causal-final plural)
-ékonnyá (singular translative)
-ékonyakká (plural translative)
-ékonyig (singular terminative)
-ékonyakig (plural terminative)
-ékonyként (essive-formal singular)
-ékonyakként (essive-formal plural)
-ékonyban (inessive singular)
-ékonyakban (inessive plural)
-ékonyon (singular superessive)
-ékonyakon (plural superessive)
-ékonynál (adessive singular)
-ékonyaknál (adessive plural)
-ékonyba (illative singular)
-ékonyakba (illative plural)
-ékonyra (singular sublative)
-ékonyakra (plural sublative)
-ékonyhoz (allative singular)
-ékonyakhoz (allative plural)
-ékonyból (elative singular)
-ékonyakból (elative plural)
-ékonyról (delative singular)
-ékonyakról (delative plural)
-ékonytól (ablative singular)
-ékonyaktól (ablative plural)
-ékonyé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-ékonyaké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-ékonyéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-ékonyakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

fog (“to catch”) + -ékony → fogékony (“susceptible”)

hajol (“to bend”) + -ékony → hajlékony (“flexible”)

(adjective-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form an adjective expressing a constant, habitual quality, ability, or tendency.


-ékeny

-ékeny (nominative singular)
-ékenyek (nominative plural)
-ékenyet (accusative singular)
-ékenyeket (accusative plural)
-ékenynek (dative singular)
-ékenyeknek (dative plural)
-ékennyel (instrumental singular)
-ékenyekkel (instrumental plural)
-ékenyért (causal-final singular)
-ékenyekért (causal-final plural)
-ékennyé (singular translative)
-ékenyekké (plural translative)
-ékenyig (singular terminative)
-ékenyekig (plural terminative)
-ékenyként (essive-formal singular)
-ékenyekként (essive-formal plural)
-ékenyben (inessive singular)
-ékenyekben (inessive plural)
-ékenyen (singular superessive)
-ékenyeken (plural superessive)
-ékenynél (adessive singular)
-ékenyeknél (adessive plural)
-ékenybe (illative singular)
-ékenyekbe (illative plural)
-ékenyre (singular sublative)
-ékenyekre (plural sublative)
-ékenyhez (allative singular)
-ékenyekhez (allative plural)
-ékenyből (elative singular)
-ékenyekből (elative plural)
-ékenyről (delative singular)
-ékenyekről (delative plural)
-ékenytől (ablative singular)
-ékenyektől (ablative plural)
-ékenyé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-ékenyeké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-ékenyéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-ékenyekéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

feled (“to forget”) + -ékeny → feledékeny (“forgetful”)


tardo-

late (relating to the final stages of a historical period)


-fobia

From Ancient Greek -φοβία (-phobía), combining form of φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).


-fobia

gl-noun

-fobia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -fobias)


-fobia

-fobia (nominative singular)
-fobii (genitive singular)
-fobii (dative singular)
-fobię (accusative singular)
-fobią (instrumental singular)
-fobii (locative singular)
-fobio (singular vocative)

andro- + -fobia → androfobia


-fobia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -φοβία (-phobía), combining form of φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).

lbor

-phobia (used to form nouns meaning fear)


-fobia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -φοβία (-phobía), combining form of φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).


-nomia

-nomia (nominative singular)
-nomiat (nominative plural)
-nomia (accusative nominative singular)
-nomiat (accusative nominative plural)
-nomian (accusative genitive singular)
-nomiat (accusative genitive plural)
-nomian (genitive singular)
-nomioiden (genitive plural)
-nomioitten (genitive plural)
-nomiain (genitive plural rare)
-nomiaa (partitive singular)
-nomioita (partitive plural)
-nomiassa (inessive singular)
-nomioissa (inessive plural)
-nomiasta (elative singular)
-nomioista (elative plural)
-nomiaan (illative singular)
-nomioihin (illative plural)
-nomialla (adessive singular)
-nomioilla (adessive plural)
-nomialta (ablative singular)
-nomioilta (ablative plural)
-nomialle (allative singular)
-nomioille (allative plural)
-nomiana (essive singular)
-nomioina (essive plural)
-nomiaksi (singular translative)
-nomioiksi (plural translative)
-nomiatta (abessive singular)
-nomioitta (abessive plural)
-nomioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-nomiani (nominative singular)
-nomiani (nominative plural)
-nomiani (accusative nominative singular)
-nomiani (accusative nominative plural)
-nomiani (accusative genitive singular)
-nomiani (accusative genitive plural)
-nomiani (genitive singular)
-nomioideni (genitive plural)
-nomioitteni (genitive plural)
-nomiaini (genitive plural rare)
-nomiaani (partitive singular)
-nomioitani (partitive plural)
-nomiassani (inessive singular)
-nomioissani (inessive plural)
-nomiastani (elative singular)
-nomioistani (elative plural)
-nomiaani (illative singular)
-nomioihini (illative plural)
-nomiallani (adessive singular)
-nomioillani (adessive plural)
-nomialtani (ablative singular)
-nomioiltani (ablative plural)
-nomialleni (allative singular)
-nomioilleni (allative plural)
-nomianani (essive singular)
-nomioinani (essive plural)
-nomiakseni (singular translative)
-nomioikseni (plural translative)
-nomiattani (abessive singular)
-nomioittani (abessive plural)
-nomioineni (comitative plural)
-nomiasi (nominative singular)
-nomiasi (nominative plural)
-nomiasi (accusative nominative singular)
-nomiasi (accusative nominative plural)
-nomiasi (accusative genitive singular)
-nomiasi (accusative genitive plural)
-nomiasi (genitive singular)
-nomioidesi (genitive plural)
-nomioittesi (genitive plural)
-nomiaisi (genitive plural rare)
-nomiaasi (partitive singular)
-nomioitasi (partitive plural)
-nomiassasi (inessive singular)
-nomioissasi (inessive plural)
-nomiastasi (elative singular)
-nomioistasi (elative plural)
-nomiaasi (illative singular)
-nomioihisi (illative plural)
-nomiallasi (adessive singular)
-nomioillasi (adessive plural)
-nomialtasi (ablative singular)
-nomioiltasi (ablative plural)
-nomiallesi (allative singular)
-nomioillesi (allative plural)
-nomianasi (essive singular)
-nomioinasi (essive plural)
-nomiaksesi (singular translative)
-nomioiksesi (plural translative)
-nomiattasi (abessive singular)
-nomioittasi (abessive plural)
-nomioinesi (comitative plural)
-nomiamme (nominative singular)
-nomiamme (nominative plural)
-nomiamme (accusative nominative singular)
-nomiamme (accusative nominative plural)
-nomiamme (accusative genitive singular)
-nomiamme (accusative genitive plural)
-nomiamme (genitive singular)
-nomioidemme (genitive plural)
-nomioittemme (genitive plural)
-nomiaimme (genitive plural rare)
-nomiaamme (partitive singular)
-nomioitamme (partitive plural)
-nomiassamme (inessive singular)
-nomioissamme (inessive plural)
-nomiastamme (elative singular)
-nomioistamme (elative plural)
-nomiaamme (illative singular)
-nomioihimme (illative plural)
-nomiallamme (adessive singular)
-nomioillamme (adessive plural)
-nomialtamme (ablative singular)
-nomioiltamme (ablative plural)
-nomiallemme (allative singular)
-nomioillemme (allative plural)
-nomianamme (essive singular)
-nomioinamme (essive plural)
-nomiaksemme (singular translative)
-nomioiksemme (plural translative)
-nomiattamme (abessive singular)
-nomioittamme (abessive plural)
-nomioinemme (comitative plural)
-nomianne (nominative singular)
-nomianne (nominative plural)
-nomianne (accusative nominative singular)
-nomianne (accusative nominative plural)
-nomianne (accusative genitive singular)
-nomianne (accusative genitive plural)
-nomianne (genitive singular)
-nomioidenne (genitive plural)
-nomioittenne (genitive plural)
-nomiainne (genitive plural rare)
-nomiaanne (partitive singular)
-nomioitanne (partitive plural)
-nomiassanne (inessive singular)
-nomioissanne (inessive plural)
-nomiastanne (elative singular)
-nomioistanne (elative plural)
-nomiaanne (illative singular)
-nomioihinne (illative plural)
-nomiallanne (adessive singular)
-nomioillanne (adessive plural)
-nomialtanne (ablative singular)
-nomioiltanne (ablative plural)
-nomiallenne (allative singular)
-nomioillenne (allative plural)
-nomiananne (essive singular)
-nomioinanne (essive plural)
-nomiaksenne (singular translative)
-nomioiksenne (plural translative)
-nomiattanne (abessive singular)
-nomioittanne (abessive plural)
-nomioinenne (comitative plural)
-nomiansa (nominative singular)
-nomiansa (nominative plural)
-nomiansa (accusative nominative singular)
-nomiansa (accusative nominative plural)
-nomiansa (accusative genitive singular)
-nomiansa (accusative genitive plural)
-nomiansa (genitive singular)
-nomioidensa (genitive plural)
-nomioittensa (genitive plural)
-nomiainsa (genitive plural rare)
-nomiaansa (partitive singular)
-nomioitaan (partitive plural)
-nomioitansa (partitive plural)
-nomiassaan (inessive singular)
-nomiassansa (inessive singular)
-nomioissaan (inessive plural)
-nomioissansa (inessive plural)
-nomiastaan (elative singular)
-nomiastansa (elative singular)
-nomioistaan (elative plural)
-nomioistansa (elative plural)
-nomiaansa (illative singular)
-nomioihinsa (illative plural)
-nomiallaan (adessive singular)
-nomiallansa (adessive singular)
-nomioillaan (adessive plural)
-nomioillansa (adessive plural)
-nomialtaan (ablative singular)
-nomialtansa (ablative singular)
-nomioiltaan (ablative plural)
-nomioiltansa (ablative plural)
-nomialleen (allative singular)
-nomiallensa (allative singular)
-nomioilleen (allative plural)
-nomioillensa (allative plural)
-nomianaan (essive singular)
-nomianansa (essive singular)
-nomioinaan (essive plural)
-nomioinansa (essive plural)
-nomiakseen (singular translative)
-nomiaksensa (singular translative)
-nomioikseen (plural translative)
-nomioiksensa (plural translative)
-nomiattaan (abessive singular)
-nomiattansa (abessive singular)
-nomioittaan (abessive plural)
-nomioittansa (abessive plural)
-nomioineen (comitative plural)
-nomioinensa (comitative plural)

Internationalism (see English -nomy), ultimately from Ancient Greek νόμος (nómos).


-nomia

-nomiae (genitive)
-nomia (nominative singular)
-nomiae (nominative plural)
-nomiae (genitive singular)
-nomiārum (genitive plural)
-nomiae (dative singular)
-nomiīs (dative plural)
-nomiam (accusative singular)
-nomiās (accusative plural)
-nomiā (ablative singular)
-nomiīs (ablative plural)
-nomia (singular vocative)
-nomiae (plural vocative)

Representing the Ancient Greek -νομία (-nomía), from νόμος (nómos).


-nomia

-nomia (nominative singular)
-nomii (genitive singular)
-nomii (dative singular)
-nomię (accusative singular)
-nomią (instrumental singular)
-nomii (locative singular)
-nomio (singular vocative)

ergo- + -nomia → ergonomia


-kratia

-kratia (nominative singular)
-kratiat (nominative plural)
-kratia (accusative nominative singular)
-kratiat (accusative nominative plural)
-kratian (accusative genitive singular)
-kratiat (accusative genitive plural)
-kratian (genitive singular)
-kratioiden (genitive plural)
-kratioitten (genitive plural)
-kratiain (genitive plural rare)
-kratiaa (partitive singular)
-kratioita (partitive plural)
-kratiassa (inessive singular)
-kratioissa (inessive plural)
-kratiasta (elative singular)
-kratioista (elative plural)
-kratiaan (illative singular)
-kratioihin (illative plural)
-kratialla (adessive singular)
-kratioilla (adessive plural)
-kratialta (ablative singular)
-kratioilta (ablative plural)
-kratialle (allative singular)
-kratioille (allative plural)
-kratiana (essive singular)
-kratioina (essive plural)
-kratiaksi (singular translative)
-kratioiksi (plural translative)
-kratiatta (abessive singular)
-kratioitta (abessive plural)
-kratioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-kratiani (nominative singular)
-kratiani (nominative plural)
-kratiani (accusative nominative singular)
-kratiani (accusative nominative plural)
-kratiani (accusative genitive singular)
-kratiani (accusative genitive plural)
-kratiani (genitive singular)
-kratioideni (genitive plural)
-kratioitteni (genitive plural)
-kratiaini (genitive plural rare)
-kratiaani (partitive singular)
-kratioitani (partitive plural)
-kratiassani (inessive singular)
-kratioissani (inessive plural)
-kratiastani (elative singular)
-kratioistani (elative plural)
-kratiaani (illative singular)
-kratioihini (illative plural)
-kratiallani (adessive singular)
-kratioillani (adessive plural)
-kratialtani (ablative singular)
-kratioiltani (ablative plural)
-kratialleni (allative singular)
-kratioilleni (allative plural)
-kratianani (essive singular)
-kratioinani (essive plural)
-kratiakseni (singular translative)
-kratioikseni (plural translative)
-kratiattani (abessive singular)
-kratioittani (abessive plural)
-kratioineni (comitative plural)
-kratiasi (nominative singular)
-kratiasi (nominative plural)
-kratiasi (accusative nominative singular)
-kratiasi (accusative nominative plural)
-kratiasi (accusative genitive singular)
-kratiasi (accusative genitive plural)
-kratiasi (genitive singular)
-kratioidesi (genitive plural)
-kratioittesi (genitive plural)
-kratiaisi (genitive plural rare)
-kratiaasi (partitive singular)
-kratioitasi (partitive plural)
-kratiassasi (inessive singular)
-kratioissasi (inessive plural)
-kratiastasi (elative singular)
-kratioistasi (elative plural)
-kratiaasi (illative singular)
-kratioihisi (illative plural)
-kratiallasi (adessive singular)
-kratioillasi (adessive plural)
-kratialtasi (ablative singular)
-kratioiltasi (ablative plural)
-kratiallesi (allative singular)
-kratioillesi (allative plural)
-kratianasi (essive singular)
-kratioinasi (essive plural)
-kratiaksesi (singular translative)
-kratioiksesi (plural translative)
-kratiattasi (abessive singular)
-kratioittasi (abessive plural)
-kratioinesi (comitative plural)
-kratiamme (nominative singular)
-kratiamme (nominative plural)
-kratiamme (accusative nominative singular)
-kratiamme (accusative nominative plural)
-kratiamme (accusative genitive singular)
-kratiamme (accusative genitive plural)
-kratiamme (genitive singular)
-kratioidemme (genitive plural)
-kratioittemme (genitive plural)
-kratiaimme (genitive plural rare)
-kratiaamme (partitive singular)
-kratioitamme (partitive plural)
-kratiassamme (inessive singular)
-kratioissamme (inessive plural)
-kratiastamme (elative singular)
-kratioistamme (elative plural)
-kratiaamme (illative singular)
-kratioihimme (illative plural)
-kratiallamme (adessive singular)
-kratioillamme (adessive plural)
-kratialtamme (ablative singular)
-kratioiltamme (ablative plural)
-kratiallemme (allative singular)
-kratioillemme (allative plural)
-kratianamme (essive singular)
-kratioinamme (essive plural)
-kratiaksemme (singular translative)
-kratioiksemme (plural translative)
-kratiattamme (abessive singular)
-kratioittamme (abessive plural)
-kratioinemme (comitative plural)
-kratianne (nominative singular)
-kratianne (nominative plural)
-kratianne (accusative nominative singular)
-kratianne (accusative nominative plural)
-kratianne (accusative genitive singular)
-kratianne (accusative genitive plural)
-kratianne (genitive singular)
-kratioidenne (genitive plural)
-kratioittenne (genitive plural)
-kratiainne (genitive plural rare)
-kratiaanne (partitive singular)
-kratioitanne (partitive plural)
-kratiassanne (inessive singular)
-kratioissanne (inessive plural)
-kratiastanne (elative singular)
-kratioistanne (elative plural)
-kratiaanne (illative singular)
-kratioihinne (illative plural)
-kratiallanne (adessive singular)
-kratioillanne (adessive plural)
-kratialtanne (ablative singular)
-kratioiltanne (ablative plural)
-kratiallenne (allative singular)
-kratioillenne (allative plural)
-kratiananne (essive singular)
-kratioinanne (essive plural)
-kratiaksenne (singular translative)
-kratioiksenne (plural translative)
-kratiattanne (abessive singular)
-kratioittanne (abessive plural)
-kratioinenne (comitative plural)
-kratiansa (nominative singular)
-kratiansa (nominative plural)
-kratiansa (accusative nominative singular)
-kratiansa (accusative nominative plural)
-kratiansa (accusative genitive singular)
-kratiansa (accusative genitive plural)
-kratiansa (genitive singular)
-kratioidensa (genitive plural)
-kratioittensa (genitive plural)
-kratiainsa (genitive plural rare)
-kratiaansa (partitive singular)
-kratioitaan (partitive plural)
-kratioitansa (partitive plural)
-kratiassaan (inessive singular)
-kratiassansa (inessive singular)
-kratioissaan (inessive plural)
-kratioissansa (inessive plural)
-kratiastaan (elative singular)
-kratiastansa (elative singular)
-kratioistaan (elative plural)
-kratioistansa (elative plural)
-kratiaansa (illative singular)
-kratioihinsa (illative plural)
-kratiallaan (adessive singular)
-kratiallansa (adessive singular)
-kratioillaan (adessive plural)
-kratioillansa (adessive plural)
-kratialtaan (ablative singular)
-kratialtansa (ablative singular)
-kratioiltaan (ablative plural)
-kratioiltansa (ablative plural)
-kratialleen (allative singular)
-kratiallensa (allative singular)
-kratioilleen (allative plural)
-kratioillensa (allative plural)
-kratianaan (essive singular)
-kratianansa (essive singular)
-kratioinaan (essive plural)
-kratioinansa (essive plural)
-kratiakseen (singular translative)
-kratiaksensa (singular translative)
-kratioikseen (plural translative)
-kratioiksensa (plural translative)
-kratiattaan (abessive singular)
-kratiattansa (abessive singular)
-kratioittaan (abessive plural)
-kratioittansa (abessive plural)
-kratioineen (comitative plural)
-kratioinensa (comitative plural)

Internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek -κρατία (-kratía).


-ção

pt-noun

-ção f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ções)

→ Konkani: -सांव (-sāuva)

Inherited from Latin -tiōnem. The suffix is in many cases a semi-learned form partially borrowed from Latin to make new words, but also corresponds with the old inherited form that it was based on (as evidenced by words such as coração, canção), which could also be -zão in some cases (e.g. razão, sazão).

comercializar (“to commercialize”) + -ção → comercialização (“commercialization”)

esterilizar (“to sterilize”) + -ção → esterilização (“sterilization”)

diluir (“to dilute”) + -ção → diluição (“dilution”)

perseguir (“to pursue”) + -ção → perseguição (“pursuit”)

compor (“to compose”) + -ção → composição (“composition”)


off-

From Middle English of-, from Old English of-, æf- (“off, away, down, un-”), from Proto-Germanic *aba- (“off, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“off, away”). Cognate with Dutch af- (“off, away, down”), German ab- (“off, from, down”), Latin ab- (“from, of”), Ancient Greek ἀπο- (apo-, “away from, without”). Doublet of apo- and ab-.

cog

off-white


æ-

From Proto-West Germanic *ā- (“lacking, without”). Cognate with Old High German ā- (“without, un-”).

inh

without, lacking (usually forms nouns or adjectives)


geond-

Middle English: yond-

ġeondfaran

ġeondbrǣdan

ġeonddrenċan

beyond, exceeding; entirely; excessively

ġeondflōwan


-estre

-estre (nominative singular)
-estran (nominative plural)
-estran (accusative singular)
-estran (accusative plural)
-estran (genitive singular)
-estrena (genitive plural)
-estran (dative singular)
-estrum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: -estere, -ester, -estre, -ister, -istre, -star, -stare, -ster, -stere, -uster, -ysstere
English: -ster
⇒ English: -stress
Scots: -ster

From Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā, feminine agent suffix equivalent to *-ārī (> -ere).

bæcestre (“female baker”); sangestre (“female singer”); webbestre (“female weaver”)

female agent suffix, especially denoting one who is skilled in a particular occupation or craft


-ësi

indicates a state of being: -ism, -ness, -hood, -ity.


-ότητα

-ótita (romanization)
-ότητα (nominative singular)
-ότητες (nominative plural)
-ότητας (genitive singular)
-οτήτων (genitive plural)
-ότητα (accusative singular)
-ότητες (accusative plural)
-ότητα (singular vocative)
-ότητες (plural vocative)

el-decl-noun

The plural forms may be used where appropriate.

From Ancient Greek -τητᾰ (-tētă), accusative form of -της (-tēs).

αυστηρός (afstirós, “strict”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → αυστηρότητα (afstirótita, “strictness”)

βέβαιος (vévaios, “sure, certain”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → βεβαιότητα (vevaiótita, “certainty”)

εθνικός (ethnikós, “national”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → εθνικότητα (ethnikótita, “nationality”)

εχθρός (echthrós, “enemy”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → εχθρότητα (echthrótita, “hostility”)

πιθανός (pithanós, “possible”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → πιθανότητα (pithanótita, “possibility”)

ποιος (poios, “who”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → ποιότητα (poiótita, “quality”)

πόσος (pósos, “how much”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → ποσότητα (posótita, “quantity”)

ορθολογικός (orthologikós, “rational”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → ορθολογικότητα (orthologikótita, “rationality”)

Added to an adjective or rarely, another noun, to create an abstract noun; -ity, -ty, -ness, -cy, -ion:


-पन

Inherited from Old Hindi -पण (-paṇa), -पन (-pana), from Apabhramsa -प्पण (-ppaṇa), from Vedic Sanskrit -त्वन (-tvana). This suffix is not encountered much in Classical Sanskrit, which favours the suffix -त्व (-tva) for this purpose. Ultimately related to Proto-Indo-Iranian *-twam, from Proto-Indo-European *-twom, thematicized from *-tu. Compare -पा (-pā), from -त्व (-tva). Cognate with Marathi -पणा (-paṇā), Marathi -पण (-paṇ).

Forms masculine abstract nouns from adjectives and other nouns: -ity, -ness, -hood, -ship, etc.


ut-

Used as an intensifier for certain adjectives.


wiþ-

desc

Middle English: wid-, vid-, vith-, with-

English: with-

Scots: with-

From Proto-West Germanic *wiþi-, from Proto-Germanic *wiþi-, related to Old English wiþ (“against”). Cognate with Old Frisian with-, Old Saxon with-, Old Norse við-.

wiþheardan

completely, fully, entirely (perfective prefix)


psico-

From Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”).


-ería

es-noun

-ería f (noun-forming suffix, plural -erías)

queso (“cheese”) + -ería → quesería (“cheese shop”)

taco + -ería → taquería (“taco shop”)

turns a noun into a store or restaurant that sells such an item; -ery


logo-

From Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos, “word, speech”).

bor

Near-synonyms: lexi-, lexico-


logo-

Derived from Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos).

der+

logo- + terapia → logoterapia


-enként

From -e- (linking vowel) + -nként (distributive suffix).

affix

fej (“head”) + -enként → fejenként (“per head”)

eset (“case”) + -enként → esetenként (“in some case”)

Expressing the manner when something happens to each member of a set one by one.

tíz perc (“ten minutes”) + -enként → tízpercenként (“every ten minutes”)

hét (“week”) + -enként → hetenként (“once a week”)

év (“year”) + -enként → évenként (“annually, yearly”)

(distributive suffix) Added to a noun.
Expressing the frequency in time.


-anként

From -a- (linking vowel) + -nként (distributive suffix).

ház (“house”) + -anként → házanként (“per house”)

nyár (“summer”) + -anként → nyaranként (“every summer”)


-onként

From -o- (linking vowel) + -nként (distributive suffix).

asztal (“table”) + -onként → asztalonként (“per table”)

tavasz (“spring”) + -onként → tavaszonként (“every spring”)


-önként

From -ö- (linking vowel) + -nként (distributive suffix).

bőrönd (“suitcase”) + -önként → bőröndönként (“per suitcase”)

ősz (“autumn”) + -önként → őszönként (“every autumn”)


-nként

hajó (“ship”) + -nként → hajónként (“per ship”)

óra (“hour”) + -nként → óránként (“every hour”)


-oc

desctree

Middle English: -ok, -oc, -ock, -oq, -og, -uc, -uk, -uck, -ek, -ak, -ke, -k (rare), -ek
English: -ock, -ick, -ik (dialectal)
Scots: -ock, -ockie
Yola: -ok, -uck, -ick

From Proto-West Germanic *-uk, from Proto-Germanic *-ukaz, *-ikaz. Akin to Old Saxon -ik-, Middle Low German -ken, Middle Dutch -kin. More at English -kin.

rudduc

ruddock, robin (literally, “little red one”)

noun suffix used to form descriptive names from adjectives


-oc

babji + -oc → babjoc

forms intransitive verbs from adjectives meaning "to become"


-sum

-sum (masculine nominative singular)
-sumu (feminine nominative singular)
-sumo (feminine nominative singular)
-sum (neuter nominative singular)
-sumne (accusative masculine singular)
-sume (accusative feminine singular)
-sum (accusative neuter singular)
-sumes (genitive masculine singular)
-sumre (feminine genitive singular)
-sumes (genitive neuter singular)
-sumum (dative masculine singular)
-sumre (dative feminine singular)
-sumum (dative neuter singular)
-sume (instrumental masculine singular)
-sumre (feminine instrumental singular)
-sume (instrumental neuter singular)
-sume (masculine nominative plural)
-suma (feminine nominative plural)
-sume (feminine nominative plural)
-sumu (neuter nominative plural)
-sumo (neuter nominative plural)
-sume (accusative masculine plural)
-suma (accusative feminine plural)
-sume (accusative feminine plural)
-sumu (accusative neuter plural)
-sumo (accusative neuter plural)
-sumra (genitive masculine plural)
-sumra (feminine genitive plural)
-sumra (genitive neuter plural)
-sumum (dative masculine plural)
-sumum (dative feminine plural)
-sumum (dative neuter plural)
-sumum (instrumental masculine plural)
-sumum (feminine instrumental plural)
-sumum (instrumental neuter plural)
-suma (masculine nominative singular)
-sume (feminine nominative singular)
-sume (neuter nominative singular)
-suman (accusative masculine singular)
-suman (accusative feminine singular)
-sume (accusative neuter singular)
-suman (genitive masculine singular)
-suman (feminine genitive singular)
-suman (genitive neuter singular)
-suman (dative masculine singular)
-suman (dative feminine singular)
-suman (dative neuter singular)
-suman (instrumental masculine singular)
-suman (feminine instrumental singular)
-suman (instrumental neuter singular)
-suman (masculine nominative plural)
-suman (feminine nominative plural)
-suman (neuter nominative plural)
-suman (accusative masculine plural)
-suman (accusative feminine plural)
-suman (accusative neuter plural)
-sumra (genitive masculine plural)
-sumena (genitive masculine plural)
-sumra (feminine genitive plural)
-sumena (feminine genitive plural)
-sumra (genitive neuter plural)
-sumena (genitive neuter plural)
-sumum (dative masculine plural)
-sumum (dative feminine plural)
-sumum (dative neuter plural)
-sumum (instrumental masculine plural)
-sumum (feminine instrumental plural)
-sumum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: -sum, -som, -some

English: -some

Scots: -some

From Proto-West Germanic *-sam, from Proto-Germanic *-samaz (“same as”). Akin to Old Frisian -sum, Old High German -sam, Old Norse -samr, Gothic -𐍃𐌰𐌼𐍃 (-sams), -𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰 (-sama, “same as”), Old English sam (“whether, or”), Old English same (“same”).

wynsum


-imundo

Derived from nonsense Italian- and Spanish-sounding words.

That film was crapimundo.

(slang) nonsense suffix added to adjectives to give emphasis.


-iel

head

-iel (feminine -ielle, masculine plural -iels, feminine plural -ielles)

-ielle (feminine)
-iels (masculine plural)
-ielles (feminine plural)

Used to form adjectives. Compare with English -ial.


-uria

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, Latin -ūria, from Ancient Greek -ουρία (-ouría), from οὖρον (oûron, “urine”).

(pathology) urine; urination; presence in urine (of a substance denoted by a prefixed combining form); state or condition of the urine.

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary

-aemia

blood; presence in blood; state or condition of blood


-uria

-uria (nominative singular)
-urii (genitive singular)
-urii (dative singular)
-urię (accusative singular)
-urią (instrumental singular)
-urii (locative singular)
-urio (singular vocative)

an- + -uria → anuria


-uria

es-noun

-uria f (noun-forming suffix, plural -urias)


-բան

From Old Armenian բան (ban, “word”). In Old Armenian it was used in Ancient Greek calques for translating λόγος (lógos) in words like θεολόγος (theológos) or θεολογία (theología), which were rendered as աստուածաբան (astuacaban) and աստուածաբանութիւն (astuacabanutʻiwn). The practice continues now in calquing international (Latin) words with -logy, -logist, etc.

բուսաբան (busaban, “botanist”)

երկրաբան (erkraban, “geologist”)

հոգեբան (hogeban, “psychologist”)


ré-

Learned reborrowing of Latin re-. Compare re-, r-, the inherited forms.
Some verbs in ré- continue Old French res-, a combination of re- + es- (from Latin ex). Compare Romanian răs-, which might have a similar development.


-nap

Apparently a back-formation from kidnap (see libfix); ultimately from nap.

Forming verbs with the sense of "abduct", or sometimes "abscond with".


-tat

ca-noun

-tat f (noun-forming suffix, plural -tats)


-tat

hu-conj

Forms in parentheses are somewhat archaic or literary.

This verb has no prefix that could split, despite its first few letters.

-tatok (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-tatsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tat (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tat (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tatunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-tattok (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tatnak (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatnak (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tatom (first-person indicative object-definite present singular)
-tatod (indicative informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-tatja (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatja (indicative object-definite present singular third-person)
-tatjuk (first-person indicative object-definite plural present)
-tatjátok (indicative informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tatják (formal indicative object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatják (indicative object-definite plural present third-person)
-tatlak (first-person indicative object-second-person present singular)
-tattam (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-tattál (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-tatott (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatott (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-tattunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-tattatok (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-tattak (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tattak (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
-tattam (first-person indicative object-definite past singular)
-tattad (indicative informal object-definite past second-person singular)
-tatta (formal indicative object-definite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatta (indicative object-definite past singular third-person)
-tattuk (first-person indicative object-definite past plural)
-tattátok (indicative informal object-definite past plural second-person)
-tatták (formal indicative object-definite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatták (indicative object-definite past plural third-person)
-tattalak (first-person indicative object-second-person past singular)
or a time adverb (first-person future indicative third-person)
or a time adverb (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
or a time adverb (future indicative informal second-person)
e.g. -tatni fog. (first-person future indicative third-person)
e.g. -tatni fog. (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tatni fog. (future indicative informal second-person)
-taték (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tatál (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tata (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tata (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-tatánk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tatátok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tatának (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatának (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tatám (first-person object-definite singular)
-tatád (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-tatá (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatá (object-definite singular third-person)
-tatánk (first-person object-definite plural)
-tatátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-taták (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-taták (object-definite plural third-person)
-tatálak (first-person object-second-person singular)
e.g. -tat vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tat vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tat vala (informal second-person)
-tatott vala (first-person third-person)
-tatott vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatott vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-tatandok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tatandasz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tatand (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatand (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-tatandunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tatandotok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tatandanak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatandanak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tatandom (first-person object-definite singular)
-tatandod (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-tatandja (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatandja (object-definite singular third-person)
-tatandjuk (first-person object-definite plural)
-tatandjátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-tatandják (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatandják (object-definite plural third-person)
-tatandalak (first-person object-second-person singular)
-tatnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-tatnál (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tatna (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatna (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tatnánk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-tatnátok (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tatnának (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatnának (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tatnám (conditional first-person object-definite present singular)
-tatnád (conditional informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-tatná (conditional formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatná (conditional object-definite present singular third-person)
-tatnánk (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
or -tatnók (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
-tatnátok (conditional informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tatnák (conditional formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatnák (conditional object-definite plural present third-person)
-tatnálak (conditional first-person object-second-person present singular)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -tatott volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -tatott volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tatott volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-tassak (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-tass or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tassál (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tasson (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tasson (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tassunk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-tassatok (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tassanak (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tassanak (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tassam (first-person object-definite present singular subjunctive)
-tasd or (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tassad (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tassa (formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tassa (object-definite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tassuk (first-person object-definite plural present subjunctive)
-tassátok (informal object-definite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tassák (formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tassák (object-definite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tassalak (first-person object-second-person present singular subjunctive)
e.g. -tatott légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tatott légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tatott légyen (informal second-person)
-tatni (infinitive)
-tatnom (first-person infinitive singular)
-tatnod (infinitive informal second-person singular)
-tatnia (formal infinitive second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tatnia (infinitive singular third-person)
-tatnunk (first-person infinitive plural)
-tatnotok (infinitive informal plural second-person)
-tatniuk (formal infinitive plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tatniuk (infinitive plural third-person)
-tatás (noun-from-verb)
-tató
-tatott
-tatandó (future participle)
-tatva (-tatván)
-tathatok (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-tathatsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tathat (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathat (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tathatunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-tathattok (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tathatnak (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatnak (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tathatom (first-person indicative object-definite present singular)
-tathatod (indicative informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-tathatja (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatja (indicative object-definite present singular third-person)
-tathatjuk (first-person indicative object-definite plural present)
-tathatjátok (indicative informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tathatják (formal indicative object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatják (indicative object-definite plural present third-person)
-tathatlak (first-person indicative object-second-person present singular)
-tathattam (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-tathattál (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-tathatott (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatott (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-tathattunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-tathattatok (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-tathattak (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathattak (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
-tathattam (first-person indicative object-definite past singular)
-tathattad (indicative informal object-definite past second-person singular)
-tathatta (formal indicative object-definite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatta (indicative object-definite past singular third-person)
-tathattuk (first-person indicative object-definite past plural)
-tathattátok (indicative informal object-definite past plural second-person)
-tathatták (formal indicative object-definite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatták (indicative object-definite past plural third-person)
-tathattalak (first-person indicative object-second-person past singular)
-tathaték (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tathatál (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tathata (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathata (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-tathatánk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tathatátok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tathatának (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatának (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tathatám (first-person object-definite singular)
-tathatád (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-tathatá (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatá (object-definite singular third-person)
-tathatánk (first-person object-definite plural)
-tathatátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-tathaták (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathaták (object-definite plural third-person)
-tathatálak (first-person object-second-person singular)
e.g. -tathat vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tathat vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tathat vala (informal second-person)
-tathatott vala (first-person third-person)
-tathatott vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatott vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-tathatandok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
or -tatandhatok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tathatandasz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
or -tatandhatsz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tathatand (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatand (object-indefinite singular third-person)
or -tatandhat (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
or -tatandhat (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-tathatandunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
or -tatandhatunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tathatandotok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
or -tatandhattok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tathatandanak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatandanak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
or -tatandhatnak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
or -tatandhatnak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tathatandom (first-person object-definite singular)
or -tatandhatom (first-person object-definite singular)
-tathatandod (informal object-definite second-person singular)
or -tatandhatod (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-tathatandja (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatandja (object-definite singular third-person)
or -tatandhatja (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
or -tatandhatja (object-definite singular third-person)
-tathatandjuk (first-person object-definite plural)
or -tatandhatjuk (first-person object-definite plural)
-tathatandjátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
or -tatandhatjátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-tathatandják (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatandják (object-definite plural third-person)
or -tatandhatják (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
or -tatandhatják (object-definite plural third-person)
-tathatandalak (first-person object-second-person singular)
or -tatandhatlak (first-person object-second-person singular)
-tathatnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-tathatnál (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tathatna (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatna (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tathatnánk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-tathatnátok (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tathatnának (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatnának (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tathatnám (conditional first-person object-definite present singular)
-tathatnád (conditional informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-tathatná (conditional formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatná (conditional object-definite present singular third-person)
-tathatnánk (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
or -tathatnók (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
-tathatnátok (conditional informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tathatnák (conditional formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatnák (conditional object-definite plural present third-person)
-tathatnálak (conditional first-person object-second-person present singular)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -tathatott volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -tathatott volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tathatott volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-tathassak (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-tathass or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tathassál (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tathasson (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tathasson (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tathassunk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-tathassatok (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tathassanak (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tathassanak (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tathassam (first-person object-definite present singular subjunctive)
-tathasd or (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tathassad (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tathassa (formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tathassa (object-definite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tathassuk (first-person object-definite plural present subjunctive)
-tathassátok (informal object-definite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tathassák (formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tathassák (object-definite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tathassalak (first-person object-second-person present singular subjunctive)
e.g. -tathatott légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tathatott légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tathatott légyen (informal second-person)
-tathatni
-tathatnom (first-person singular)
-tathatnod (informal second-person singular)
-tathatnia (formal second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatnia (singular third-person)
-tathatnunk (first-person plural)
-tathatnotok (informal plural second-person)
-tathatniuk (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatniuk (plural third-person)
-tatható (first-person singular)
-tathatatlan (formal second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tathatatlan (singular third-person)
-tathatva / -tathatván (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tathatva / -tathatván (informal plural second-person)
-tathatva / -tathatván (plural third-person)

olvas (“to read”) + -tat → olvastat (“to make someone read something”)

(causative suffix) Added to a verb (or extremely rarely to a noun) to form a verb with a meaning of let, make somebody do something.


-tet

-tetek (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-tetsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tet (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tet (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tetünk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-tettek (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tetnek (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetnek (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tetem (first-person indicative object-definite present singular)
-teted (indicative informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-teti (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-teti (indicative object-definite present singular third-person)
-tetjük (first-person indicative object-definite plural present)
-tetitek (indicative informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tetik (formal indicative object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetik (indicative object-definite plural present third-person)
-tetlek (first-person indicative object-second-person present singular)
-tettem (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-tettél (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-tetett (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetett (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-tettünk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-tettetek (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-tettek (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tettek (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
-tettem (first-person indicative object-definite past singular)
-tetted (indicative informal object-definite past second-person singular)
-tette (formal indicative object-definite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tette (indicative object-definite past singular third-person)
-tettük (first-person indicative object-definite past plural)
-tettétek (indicative informal object-definite past plural second-person)
-tették (formal indicative object-definite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tették (indicative object-definite past plural third-person)
-tettelek (first-person indicative object-second-person past singular)
or a time adverb (first-person future indicative third-person)
or a time adverb (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
or a time adverb (future indicative informal second-person)
e.g. -tetni fog. (first-person future indicative third-person)
e.g. -tetni fog. (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tetni fog. (future indicative informal second-person)
-teték (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tetél (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tete (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tete (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-teténk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tetétek (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tetének (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetének (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tetém (first-person object-definite singular)
-tetéd (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-teté (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-teté (object-definite singular third-person)
-teténk (first-person object-definite plural)
-tetétek (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-teték (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-teték (object-definite plural third-person)
-tetélek (first-person object-second-person singular)
e.g. -tet vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tet vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tet vala (informal second-person)
-tetett vala (first-person third-person)
-tetett vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetett vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-tetendek (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tetendesz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tetend (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetend (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-tetendünk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tetendetek (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tetendenek (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetendenek (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tetendem (first-person object-definite singular)
-tetended (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-tetendi (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetendi (object-definite singular third-person)
-tetendjük (first-person object-definite plural)
-tetenditek (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-tetendik (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetendik (object-definite plural third-person)
-tetendelek (first-person object-second-person singular)
-tetnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-tetnél (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tetne (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetne (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tetnénk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-tetnétek (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tetnének (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetnének (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tetném (conditional first-person object-definite present singular)
-tetnéd (conditional informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-tetné (conditional formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetné (conditional object-definite present singular third-person)
-tetnénk (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
or -tetnők (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
-tetnétek (conditional informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tetnék (conditional formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetnék (conditional object-definite plural present third-person)
-tetnélek (conditional first-person object-second-person present singular)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -tetett volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -tetett volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tetett volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-tessek (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-tess or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tessél (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tessen (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tessen (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tessünk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-tessetek (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tessenek (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tessenek (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tessem (first-person object-definite present singular subjunctive)
-tesd or (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tessed (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tesse (formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tesse (object-definite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tessük (first-person object-definite plural present subjunctive)
-tessétek (informal object-definite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tessék (formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tessék (object-definite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tesselek (first-person object-second-person present singular subjunctive)
e.g. -tetett légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tetett légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tetett légyen (informal second-person)
-tetni (infinitive)
-tetnem (first-person infinitive singular)
-tetned (infinitive informal second-person singular)
-tetnie (formal infinitive second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetnie (infinitive singular third-person)
-tetnünk (first-person infinitive plural)
-tetnetek (infinitive informal plural second-person)
-tetniük (formal infinitive plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetniük (infinitive plural third-person)
-tetés (noun-from-verb)
-tető
-tetett
-tetendő (future participle)
-tetve (-tetvén)
-tethetek (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-tethetsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tethet (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethet (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tethetünk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-tethettek (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tethetnek (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetnek (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tethetem (first-person indicative object-definite present singular)
-tetheted (indicative informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-tetheti (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetheti (indicative object-definite present singular third-person)
-tethetjük (first-person indicative object-definite plural present)
-tethetitek (indicative informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tethetik (formal indicative object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetik (indicative object-definite plural present third-person)
-tethetlek (first-person indicative object-second-person present singular)
-tethettem (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-tethettél (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-tethetett (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethetett (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-tethettünk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-tethettetek (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-tethettek (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethettek (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
-tethettem (first-person indicative object-definite past singular)
-tethetted (indicative informal object-definite past second-person singular)
-tethette (formal indicative object-definite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethette (indicative object-definite past singular third-person)
-tethettük (first-person indicative object-definite past plural)
-tethettétek (indicative informal object-definite past plural second-person)
-tethették (formal indicative object-definite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethették (indicative object-definite past plural third-person)
-tethettelek (first-person indicative object-second-person past singular)
-tetheték (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tethetél (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tethete (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethete (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-tetheténk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tethetétek (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tethetének (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetének (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tethetém (first-person object-definite singular)
-tethetéd (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-tetheté (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tetheté (object-definite singular third-person)
-tetheténk (first-person object-definite plural)
-tethetétek (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-tetheték (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tetheték (object-definite plural third-person)
-tethetélek (first-person object-second-person singular)
e.g. -tethet vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tethet vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tethet vala (informal second-person)
-tethetett vala (first-person third-person)
-tethetett vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetett vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-tethetendek (first-person object-indefinite singular)
or -tetandhatok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-tethetendesz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
or -tetandhatsz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-tethetend (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethetend (object-indefinite singular third-person)
or -tetandhat (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
or -tetandhat (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-tethetendünk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
or -tetandhatunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-tethetendetek (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
or -tetandhattok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-tethetendenek (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetendenek (object-indefinite plural third-person)
or -tetandhatnak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
or -tetandhatnak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-tethetendem (first-person object-definite singular)
or -tetandhatom (first-person object-definite singular)
-tethetended (informal object-definite second-person singular)
or -tetandhatod (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-tethetendi (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethetendi (object-definite singular third-person)
or -tetandhatja (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
or -tetandhatja (object-definite singular third-person)
-tethetendjük (first-person object-definite plural)
or -tetandhatjuk (first-person object-definite plural)
-tethetenditek (informal object-definite plural second-person)
or -tetandhatjátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-tethetendik (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetendik (object-definite plural third-person)
or -tetandhatják (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
or -tetandhatják (object-definite plural third-person)
-tethetendelek (first-person object-second-person singular)
or -tetandhatlak (first-person object-second-person singular)
-tethetnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-tethetnél (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-tethetne (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethetne (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-tethetnénk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-tethetnétek (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-tethetnének (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetnének (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-tethetném (conditional first-person object-definite present singular)
-tethetnéd (conditional informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-tethetné (conditional formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethetné (conditional object-definite present singular third-person)
-tethetnénk (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
or -tethetnők (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
-tethetnétek (conditional informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-tethetnék (conditional formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetnék (conditional object-definite plural present third-person)
-tethetnélek (conditional first-person object-second-person present singular)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -tethetett volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -tethetett volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tethetett volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-tethessek (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-tethess or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tethessél (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tethessen (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tethessen (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tethessünk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-tethessetek (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tethessenek (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tethessenek (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tethessem (first-person object-definite present singular subjunctive)
-tethesd or (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tethessed (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-tethesse (formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-tethesse (object-definite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-tethessük (first-person object-definite plural present subjunctive)
-tethessétek (informal object-definite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-tethessék (formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-tethessék (object-definite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-tethesselek (first-person object-second-person present singular subjunctive)
e.g. -tethetett légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -tethetett légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -tethetett légyen (informal second-person)
-tethetni
-tethetnem (first-person singular)
-tethetned (informal second-person singular)
-tethetnie (formal second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethetnie (singular third-person)
-tethetnünk (first-person plural)
-tethetnetek (informal plural second-person)
-tethetniük (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetniük (plural third-person)
-tethető (first-person singular)
-tethetetlen (formal second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-tethetetlen (singular third-person)
-tethetve / -tethetvén (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-tethetve / -tethetvén (informal plural second-person)
-tethetve / -tethetvén (plural third-person)

keres (“to search”) + -tet → kerestet (“to make someone search something/somebody”)

bűn (“sin”) + -tet → büntet (“to punish”)


-mu

-mu (genitive)
-mut (partitive)
-mu (nominative singular)
-mud (nominative plural)
-mu (accusative nominative singular)
-mud (accusative nominative plural)
-mu (accusative genitive singular)
-mud (accusative genitive plural)
-mu (genitive singular)
-mute (genitive plural)
-mut (partitive singular)
-muid (partitive plural)
-musse (illative singular)
-mutesse (illative plural)
-muisse (illative plural)
-mus (inessive singular)
-mutes (inessive plural)
-muis (inessive plural)
-must (elative singular)
-mutest (elative plural)
-muist (elative plural)
-mule (allative singular)
-mutele (allative plural)
-muile (allative plural)
-mul (adessive singular)
-mutel (adessive plural)
-muil (adessive plural)
-mult (ablative singular)
-mutelt (ablative plural)
-muilt (ablative plural)
-muks (singular translative)
-muteks (plural translative)
-muiks (plural translative)
-muni (singular terminative)
-muteni (plural terminative)
-muna (essive singular)
-mutena (essive plural)
-muta (abessive singular)
-muteta (abessive plural)
-muga (comitative singular)
-mutega (comitative plural)

Etymology unclear. Originally dialectal, revitalised by Estonian terminologist and lexicographer Johannes Voldemar Veski. Possibly from Proto-Finnic *-ma + Proto-Finnic *-o. Compare Finnish -mo.

valama (“to pour”) + -mu → valamu (“sink, basin”)

vara (“asset”) + -mu → varamu (“collection of assets with a high value”)

püha (“sacred, holy, saint”) + -mu → pühamu (“sanctuary”)

era- (“private”) + -mu → eramu (“private house”)


-nya

From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a (compare Tagalog niya, Javanese -ne, Madurese -na).

ibunya

Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.

aku memeluknya

kami belum memberitahukannya tentang ini

aku pinjam pensil ini darinya

As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and 'dalam'.

bangunannya indah

the building is beautiful (literally, “its building (is) beautiful”)

pakaiannya mana?

where is the cloth? (literally, “where (is) its cloth?”)

(in some contexts and positions only) Used to mark definiteness.

bukunya aku

abangnya Dani

Dani's older brother (literally, “older brother of Dani”)

Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear.


ke-

From Malay ke-, from Old Malay ke-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-, from Proto-Austronesian *ka-.
According to Poedjosoedarmo (1982), the productivity of ke- is influenced by the cognate Javanese ꦏ- (ka-).

(verb, usuallly informal) to have condition or accident of


-unga

From -ung, noun suffix + -a, adverbial suffix.

fǣringa

wēninga

healfunga

by halves, partially, to some extent, imperfectly

hōlunga

used to form adverbs nouns, originally from verbal nouns


-unga

German: -ung

Yiddish: ־ונג (-ung)

From Proto-West Germanic *-ungu, from Proto-Germanic *-ungō.

manōn (“to reprove, beg, urge”) + -unga → manunga (“reproof, admonition”)

korōn (“to test, try, temptate”) + -unga → korunga (“temptation”)

-ing, suffix used to form action nouns from verbs


अ-

A negating prefix. non-, un-, a-, an-, etc.


अ-

Ashokan Prakrit:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Old Marathi:

Marathi: अन- (an-)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Old Hindi:

Hindi: अन- (an-)

Urdu: انـ (an-)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अ- (a-)

Urdu: اـ (a-)

→ Marathi: अ- (a-)

→ Nepali: अ- (a-), अन- (an-)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Compare Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-).


अन-

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀡- (aṇa-), from Sanskrit अन्- (an-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“not, un-”). Distant cognate with English un- and Latin in-.

inh+

अन- (an-) + कहा (kahā, “said”) → अनकहा (anakhā, “unsaid, unspoken”)


अन-

Alternative form of अ- (a-) used in front of vowels


-bære

-bǣre (canonical)
-bǣre (masculine nominative singular)
-bǣru (feminine nominative singular)
-bǣro (feminine nominative singular)
-bǣre (neuter nominative singular)
-bǣrne (accusative masculine singular)
-bǣre (accusative feminine singular)
-bǣre (accusative neuter singular)
-bǣres (genitive masculine singular)
-bǣrre (feminine genitive singular)
-bǣres (genitive neuter singular)
-bǣrum (dative masculine singular)
-bǣrre (dative feminine singular)
-bǣrum (dative neuter singular)
-bǣre (instrumental masculine singular)
-bǣrre (feminine instrumental singular)
-bǣre (instrumental neuter singular)
-bǣre (masculine nominative plural)
-bǣra (feminine nominative plural)
-bǣre (feminine nominative plural)
-bǣru (neuter nominative plural)
-bǣro (neuter nominative plural)
-bǣre (accusative masculine plural)
-bǣra (accusative feminine plural)
-bǣre (accusative feminine plural)
-bǣru (accusative neuter plural)
-bǣro (accusative neuter plural)
-bǣrra (genitive masculine plural)
-bǣrra (feminine genitive plural)
-bǣrra (genitive neuter plural)
-bǣrum (dative masculine plural)
-bǣrum (dative feminine plural)
-bǣrum (dative neuter plural)
-bǣrum (instrumental masculine plural)
-bǣrum (feminine instrumental plural)
-bǣrum (instrumental neuter plural)
-bǣra (masculine nominative singular)
-bǣre (feminine nominative singular)
-bǣre (neuter nominative singular)
-bǣran (accusative masculine singular)
-bǣran (accusative feminine singular)
-bǣre (accusative neuter singular)
-bǣran (genitive masculine singular)
-bǣran (feminine genitive singular)
-bǣran (genitive neuter singular)
-bǣran (dative masculine singular)
-bǣran (dative feminine singular)
-bǣran (dative neuter singular)
-bǣran (instrumental masculine singular)
-bǣran (feminine instrumental singular)
-bǣran (instrumental neuter singular)
-bǣran (masculine nominative plural)
-bǣran (feminine nominative plural)
-bǣran (neuter nominative plural)
-bǣran (accusative masculine plural)
-bǣran (accusative feminine plural)
-bǣran (accusative neuter plural)
-bǣrra (genitive masculine plural)
-bǣrena (genitive masculine plural)
-bǣrra (feminine genitive plural)
-bǣrena (feminine genitive plural)
-bǣrra (genitive neuter plural)
-bǣrena (genitive neuter plural)
-bǣrum (dative masculine plural)
-bǣrum (dative feminine plural)
-bǣrum (dative neuter plural)
-bǣrum (instrumental masculine plural)
-bǣrum (feminine instrumental plural)
-bǣrum (instrumental neuter plural)

From Proto-Germanic *bēriz (“bearing, carrying”). Akin to Old Frisian -ber, Old Saxon -bāri, and Old High German -bāri.

inh

cwealm (“death”) + -bære → cwealmbǣre (“deadly”)

slǣp (“sleep”) + -bære → slǣpbǣre (“somniferous; putting to sleep”)


fram-

From fram (“forward, from, out of”). More at from.

framfær

framdōn

framānȳdan

framāstyrian

from, forth, away, out, out of (compare Latin ex-, dē)


-enda

Borrowed from Ido -enda, which was lifted from a secondary meaning of the Latin future passive participle.

pagi (“pay”) + -enda → pagenda (“payable, required to be paid”)


-enda

Secondary meaning of the Latin future passive participle in -ndus, -nda, -ndum, e.g. Carthago delenda est, "Carthage must be destroyed." See English agenda, tacenda, etc.

suffix added to a verbal root to indicate what should be, or needs to be, done


-aige

Inherited from Old French -age, from Latin -āticum


par-

Borrowed from French par-, from Latin per-.

lernar (“to learn”) → parlernar (“to learn thoroughly, master”)

(used especially with verbal roots, denoting completeness or thoroughness)


-sian

From Proto-West Germanic *-isōn, from Proto-Germanic *-isōną.

clǣne (“clean, pure”) + -sian → clǣnsian (“to purify, cleanse”)

blōd (“blood”) + -sian → blētsian, blēdsian (“to consecrate, bless”)

verbal suffix added to adjectives and nouns, generally causing i-mutation in the stem


æfter-

Middle English: efter-, after-

English: after-

From æfter (“behind, after”). More at æfter.

æftercnēoresu


mé-

mé- + faire → méfaire

Alternative form of més- used before consonants.


més-

Inherited from Middle French mes-, from Old French mes- (“badly, wrongly”), from Frankish *missa-, from Proto-Germanic *missa- (“divergent, amiss, astay”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey-t(h₂)- (“to swap, exchange”). Akin to Old English mis- (“mis-”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰- (missa-), Old High German missa- (“mis-”). More at mis-.

der

més- + estimer → mésestimer

mes-

until 18th century; was used before vowels as well as consonants


maxillo-

(anatomy) Of or relating to the maxilla (jaw).


-ectomia

ca-noun

-ectomia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ectomies)

From the Ancient Greek ἐκτομή (ektomḗ, “a cutting out of”), from ἐκτέμνω (ektémnō, “to cut out”), from ἐκ (ek, “out”) + τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).


-ectomia

it-noun

-ectomia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ectomie)


-ectomia

pt-noun

-ectomia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ectomias)


-læcan

Middle English: -lechen

English: freeledge

English: knowledge

From Proto-West Germanic *laikijan, from Proto-Germanic *laikijaną; related to Old English lāc (“sport, play, action”).

cūþlǣċan

verbal suffix (combining form) denoting action, process or making (compare English -ify), from lǣcan, a derivative of lāc noun suffix denoting activity or process


-nes

-nes (nominative singular)
-nessa (nominative plural)
-nesse (nominative plural)
-nesse (accusative singular)
-nessa (accusative plural)
-nesse (accusative plural)
-nesse (genitive singular)
-nessa (genitive plural)
-nesse (dative singular)
-nessum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: -nesse, -ness, -nes, -nece, -nesce, -nisse, -nis, -næse, -næs, -nez
English: -ness
Scots: -nes

Used to form abstract nouns, usually from adjectives but also from verbs and other nouns, denoting quality or state; -ness


sovra-

From Vulgar Latin *subrā, a variant of suprā either through intervocalic voicing or influenced by sub. Doublet of sopra- and sor-.


-long

Forms adjectives indicating duration when suffixed to nouns of duration


ophio-

From Ancient Greek ὄφις (óphis, “snake”).


þurh-

Middle English: þurh-, thurgh-, thurh-, thoru-, thrugh-, throu-

English: thorough-, through- (?)

through, over (with verbs of motion; compare Latin trans-)


-linga

-ling (adverbial suffix) + -a (adverbial suffix)

suffix

handlinga

by hand, hand to hand, at close range, near

unmyndlenga, unmyndlinga


myrmeco-

New Latin, from Ancient Greek μύρμηκος (múrmēkos, “ant’s”), genitive of μύρμηξ (múrmēx, “ant”)


myrmeco-

From Ancient Greek μύρμηκος (múrmēkos, “ant’s”), genitive of μύρμηξ (múrmēx, “ant”). Doublet of the obsolete term mire.


forþ-

Middle English: forth-

English: forth-

forþhealdan


wiþer-

Middle English: wither-

English: wither- (dialectal)

Scots: weather-, wother-, widder-

wiþercierran

wiþermāl

against, contrary, opposed to; anti-, counter-


-sciepe

-sċiepe (canonical masculine)
-sċiepe (nominative singular)
-sċiepas (nominative plural)
-sċiepe (accusative singular)
-sċiepas (accusative plural)
-sċiepes (genitive singular)
-sċiepa (genitive plural)
-sċiepe (dative singular)
-sċiepum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: -schipe
English: -ship
Scots: -schip

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *-skapi, from Proto-Germanic *-skapiz.


-else

-elset (definite neuter singular)
-elsen (definite masculine singular)
-elser (indefinite plural)
-elsene (definite plural)
-elsa (definite plural)

Mostly from Danish -else, from Old Danish -ælsæ -ilse, with metathesis of -sl- to -ls- from Old Saxon -isli, -islo.
Also from West Germanic loanwords, partly with metathesis of suffixes -sel and -sle from Middle Low German -nisse, from Old Saxon -nissi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (forms abstract nouns), from *-nass, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz + *-ī, from Proto-Germanic *-į̄, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂, from *-h₂ (creates collective nouns).

der

avgjørelse, forståelse, anfektelse, bebudelse, oppstandelse

decision, understanding, challenge, proclamation, resurrection

Used to form verbal nouns denoting an action.

drøftelse, oversettelse, tilretteleggelse, utdannelse

discussion, translation, facilitation, education

Used to form verbal nouns synonymous with the -ing ending.

forbindelse, lignelse

Used to form verbal nouns denoting a different meaning than the -ing ending.

skrivelse, spøkelse, stivelse

Used to form verbal nouns with a specific meaning, usually the result of an action


-else

From Old Saxon -isli, -islo, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī. Also used to represent the Middle Low German suffix -nisse.


-ern

-ern (nominative singular)
-ernu (nominative plural)
-ern (accusative singular)
-ernu (accusative plural)
-ernes (genitive singular)
-erna (genitive plural)
-erne (dative singular)
-ernum (dative plural)

Middle English: -ern

From the adjectival use of -ærn (“noun suffix denoting location”), from ærn (“place”).

hāliġ (“holy”) + -ern → hāliġern (“sanctuary, holy place”)


-icge

-iċġe (canonical)
-iċġe (nominative singular)
-iċġan (nominative plural)
-iċġan (accusative singular)
-iċġan (accusative plural)
-iċġan (genitive singular)
-iċġena (genitive plural)
-iċġan (dative singular)
-iċġum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *-gjā, from Proto-Germanic *-gjǭ. Compare Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa) (< *-ikyeh₂), Dutch -egge.

ācenniċġe

huntiċġe

sċeriċġe

(feminine) noun suffix denoting a female agent


-incel

-incel (nominative singular)
-inclu (nominative plural)
-incel (accusative singular)
-inclu (accusative plural)
-incles (genitive singular)
-incla (genitive plural)
-incle (dative singular)
-inclum (dative plural)

A metathetic alteration of Proto-Germanic *-ikīna (diminutive suffix) + *-il- (diminutive suffix).
Alternately, from Proto-Germanic *-ingilą, *-ingilaz.

cog

sċipincel

hūsincel

hæftincel

slave [lit. "catchling", "little captive"]

stānincel

liþincel

weargincel


æf-

æfweard

æfwyrþ

æfwyrdla

æf- + wela (“wealth”) → æfwela (“decrease in wealth”)

absence, detriment, reduction; dis-, de-, un-


-ատ

Probably of Proto-Indo-European origin and cognate with Sanskrit -अद्- (-ad-), Avestan -𐬆𐬜- (-əδ-), Ancient Greek -αδ- (-ad-). Compare Sanskrit दृषद् (dṛṣad, “rock”), Ancient Greek δειράς (deirás, “ridge of a chain of hills”), genitive δειράδος (deirádos).

noncog

Found in արմատ (armat), հաստատ (hastat) and perhaps աղքատ (ałkʻat), անքատ (ankʻat), փինատ (pʻinat).


-luk

divljaluk — divljanje

bezobràzluk — bezobràština, bezòbraznōst

(informal) Functions similarly to -anje, -enje, -ost and -ština.


հեռուստա-

head

հեռուստա- • (heṙusta-)

hy-prefix

հեռուստա- • (heṙusta-)

Abstracted away from հեռուստատեսություն (heṙustatesutʻyun, “television”) or հեռուստացույց (heṙustacʻuycʻ, “TV set”).

հեռուստա- (heṙusta-) + էկրան (ēkran) → հեռուստաէկրան (heṙustaēkran, “TV screen”)

հեռուստա- (heṙusta-) + բանավեճ (banaveč) → հեռուստաբանավեճ (heṙustabanaveč, “televised debates”)

հեռուստա- (heṙusta-) + ալիք (alikʻ) → հեռուստաալիք (heṙustaalikʻ, “television channel”)

tele-, TV, relating to television or TV set


-ræden

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of -rede


-ræden

-rǣden (canonical)
-rǣden (nominative singular)
-rǣdenna (nominative plural)
-rǣdenne (nominative plural)
-rǣdenne (accusative singular)
-rǣdenna (accusative plural)
-rǣdenne (accusative plural)
-rǣdenne (genitive singular)
-rǣdenna (genitive plural)
-rǣdenne (dative singular)
-rǣdennum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: -rede, -rade, -raden, -radon, -red, -redd, -redde, -reden, -reede, -redyn, -redyne, -rid, -rod, -rydyn, -ræden, -readden, -redden
English: -red
Middle Scots: -red, -ret, -rid, -rit
Scots: -red
⇒ Middle Scots: -rent

From rǣden (“condition, state”), from Proto-Germanic *raidīniz (“arrangement, ordinance, authority”).

inh

brōþorrǣden

burgrǣden

bedrǣden

bebodrǣden

heordrǣden


-red

From Middle English -rede, -red, -redde, -reden, from Old English -rǣden (which see). Cognate with German -rat (as in Heirat (“wedding”)).

hatred

kindred

manred

sibred

(no longer productive) A suffix forming nouns of condition or state.


-red

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hret-, whence also rhedeg (“to run”). Cognate with Old Irish -rad.

gwaith (“work”) + -red → gweithred (“action”)

lled (“width”) + -red → lledred (“latitude”)

cylch (“circle”) + -red → cylchred (“cycle”)


esa-

From Latin hexa-, from Ancient Greek ἑξα- (hexa-), from ἕξ (héx, “six”).


-лив

-liv (romanization)
-ли́в (comparative indefinite masculine)
-ли́ва (comparative feminine indefinite)
-ли́во (comparative indefinite neuter)
-ли́ви (comparative indefinite plural)
-ли́вият (comparative definite masculine subjective)
-ли́вата (comparative definite feminine subjective)
-ли́вото (comparative definite neuter subjective)
-ли́вите (comparative definite plural subjective)
-ли́вия (comparative definite masculine objective)
-ли́вата (comparative definite feminine objective)
-ли́вото (comparative definite neuter objective)
-ли́вите (comparative definite objective plural)

From Proto-Slavic *-ьlivъ (occasionally Proto-Slavic *-ъlivъ), a combination of the resultative suffix -л (-l) + -ив (-iv).

схва́щам (shváštam, “to grasp”) → схватли́в (shvatlív, “perceptive”)
рабо́тя (rabótja, “to work”) → работли́в (rabotlív, “hard-working”)
избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)
избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)
крада́ (kradá, “to steal”) → крадли́в (kradlív, “thievish”)
ре́ва (réva, “to cry”) → ревли́в (revlív, “cry-baby”)

сва́да (sváda, “quarrel”) → свадли́в (svadlív, “quarrelsome”)
скок (skok, “jump”) → скокли́в (skoklív, “frisky”)
лъ́жа (lǎ́ža, “lie”) → лъжли́в (lǎžlív, “prone to lying”)
па́мет (pámet, “memory”) → паметли́в (pametlív, “with good memory”)
безо́чие (bezóčie, “shamelessness”) → безо́члив (bezóčliv, “shameless”)
суета́ (suetá, “vanity”) → суетли́в (suetlív, “fussy”)

плах (plah, “timid”) → плашли́в (plašlív, “easily scared”)
коке́тен (kokéten, “coquettish”) → кокетли́в (koketlív, “kittenish”)

Forms adjectives from nouns, verbal participles/nouns or adjectives with resultant or approximating meaning: -ish, -able


-лив

-liv (romanization)
-лив (indefinite masculine)
-лива (feminine indefinite)
-ливо (indefinite neuter)
-ливи (indefinite plural)
-ливиот (definite masculine unspecified)
-ливата (definite feminine unspecified)
-ливото (definite neuter unspecified)
-ливите (definite plural unspecified)
-ливиов (definite masculine proximal)
-ливава (definite feminine proximal)
-ливово (definite neuter proximal)
-лививе (definite plural proximal)
-ливион (definite distal masculine)
-ливана (definite distal feminine)
-ливоно (definite distal neuter)
-ливине (definite distal plural)

Cognate with Russian -ли́вый (-lívyj), Czech -livý, etc.

-able (An adjective suffix, now usually in a passive sense; forms adjectives meaning possible, or fit).


-lalia

From Ancient Greek λαλιά (laliá, “talk, chat”).

bor

Forming nouns denoting abnormal or disordered forms of speech.


-lalia

From Ancient Greek λαλιᾱ́ (laliā́, “talk, chat”, noun).


-lalia

-lalia (nominative singular)
-lalii (genitive singular)
-lalii (dative singular)
-lalię (accusative singular)
-lalią (instrumental singular)
-lalii (locative singular)
-lalio (singular vocative)

a- + -lalia → alalia


-k-

(pharmacology) Alternative form of -kin-.


methyl-

(organic chemistry) Used to form terms describing the attachment of a methyl group

methyl-

prefix used to form terms describing the attachment of a methyl group


full-

desctree

Middle English: ful-, ffol-, fol-, full-, vol-
English: full-; (fulfil, fulfill)

From Proto-West Germanic *full-, *fulla- (“fully, completely”), related to Old English full (“full, complete”).

fulhār

fullcuman

fullġearwian


æt-

Middle English: at-, et-, æt-
English: at-

⇒ Middle English: atwite

English: twite, twit

ætbēon