-edzu

Inherited from Late Latin -izō. Used as an infix in Aromanian verb conjugations. Compare Romanian -ez.

lucredzu

ashedzu

bãnedzu

minciunedzu

ndriptedzu

uspitedzu

used to form the first-person singular of some first-conjugation verbs


-သူ

female resident, inhabitant, or member of


-rós

-rós (nominative singular)
Ø-rós (nominative singular)
Ø-róh₁ (dual nominative)
-róes (nominative plural)
Ø-róes (nominative plural)
-ré (singular vocative)
Ø-ré (singular vocative)
Ø-róh₁ (dual vocative)
-róes (plural vocative)
Ø-róes (plural vocative)
-róm (accusative singular)
Ø-róm (accusative singular)
Ø-róh₁ (accusative dual)
-róms (accusative plural)
Ø-róms (accusative plural)
-rósyo (genitive singular)
Ø-rósyo (genitive singular)
-róHom (genitive plural)
Ø-róHom (genitive plural)
-réad (ablative singular)
Ø-réad (ablative singular)
-rómos (ablative plural)
Ø-rómos (ablative plural)
-róbʰos (ablative plural)
Ø-róbʰos (ablative plural)
-róey (dative singular)
Ø-róey (dative singular)
-rómos (dative plural)
Ø-rómos (dative plural)
-róbʰos (dative plural)
Ø-róbʰos (dative plural)
-réy (locative singular)
Ø-réy (locative singular)
-róy (locative singular)
Ø-róy (locative singular)
-róysu (locative plural)
Ø-róysu (locative plural)
Ø-róh₁ (instrumental singular)
-rṓys (instrumental plural)
Ø-rṓys (instrumental plural)
Ø-réh₂ (nominative singular)
Ø₁ (dual nominative)
Ø₁e (dual nominative)
Ø-réh₂ (singular vocative)
Ø₁ (dual vocative)
Ø₁e (dual vocative)
-rā́m (accusative singular)
Ø-rā́m (accusative singular)
Ø₁ (accusative dual)
Ø₁e (accusative dual)
Ø-réh₂ (locative singular)
Ø-réh₂h₁ (instrumental singular)
-róm (nominative singular)
Ø-róm (nominative singular)
-róy (dual nominative)
Øy (dual nominative)
Øyh₁ (dual nominative)
Ø-réh₂ (nominative plural)
-róm (singular vocative)
Ø-róm (singular vocative)
-róy (dual vocative)
Øy (dual vocative)
Øyh₁ (dual vocative)
Ø-réh₂ (plural vocative)
-róy (accusative dual)
Øy (accusative dual)
Øyh₁ (accusative dual)
Ø-réh₂ (accusative plural)

Proto-Albanian: *-ra

Albanian: -ar, -r

Proto-Armenian:

Old Armenian: -ար (-ar)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ras

Eastern Baltic:

Latvian: -rs

Lithuanian: -ras, -rus

Proto-Slavic: *-rъ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *-ros

Proto-Germanic: *-raz (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *-rós

Ancient Greek: -ρός (-rós)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-rás

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-rás

Sanskrit: -र (-rá) (for example: उद्र (udrá)

Proto-Iranian: *-ráh

Avestan: -𐬭𐬀 (-ra) (for example: 𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (udra))

Proto-Italic: *-ros

Latin: -er (after a consonant), -rus

Proto-Tocharian: *-re

Tocharian A: -är

Tocharian B: -re

Forms adjectives from Caland system roots.


քառ-

head

քառ- • (kʻaṙ-)

hy-prefix

քառ- • (kʻaṙ-)


-anță

-anțe (plural)
-anță (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
-anța (accusative definite nominative singular)
-anțe (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
-anțele (accusative definite nominative plural)
-anțe (indefinite singular)
-anței (definite singular)
-anțelor (definite plural)
-anță (singular vocative)
-anțo (singular vocative)
-anțelor (vocative)


-ilǭ

-ilǭ (nominative singular)
-ilōniz (nominative plural)
-ilǭ (singular vocative)
-ilōniz (plural vocative)
-ilōnų (accusative singular)
-ilōnunz (accusative plural)
-ilōniz (genitive singular)
-ilōnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
-ilōni (dative singular)
-ilōmaz (dative plural)
-ilōnē (instrumental singular)
-ilōmiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *-ilā

Old Norse: -yla

Gothic: -𐌹𐌻𐍉 (-ilō)

Vandalic: *-ilū

From *-ilaz (agent and instrumental suffix) + *-ǭ (agent suffix) and from a version incorporating the PIE diminutive suffix Proto-Indo-European *-lós in the weak declension.

af

Forms feminine agent nouns, especially of plants and animals.


სა- -ო

→ Mingrelian: სა- -ო (sa- -o)

რჩენა (rčena, “to support”) + სა- -ო (sa- -o) → სარჩო (sarčo, “something to get a support from”)

სმა (sma, “to drink”) + სა- -ო (sa- -o) → სასმო (sasmo, “cup, glass”)

Forms future participles from verb roots


სა- -ო

Borrowed from Georgian სა- -ო (sa- -o). Doublet of ო- -ო (o- -o).

ქორთუ (kortu, “Georgian”) + სა- -ო (sa- -o) → საქორთუო (sakortuo, “Georgia”)

გინი (gini, “calf”) + სა- -ო (sa- -o) → საგინო (sagino, “calf shed, pen”)

ბაღანა (baɣana, “child”) + სა- -ო (sa- -o) → საბაღანო (sabaɣano, “for children”)

ლამუსი (lamusi, “conscience”) + სა- -ო (sa- -o) → სალამუსო (salamuso, “secret”)

Forms words that describe something, the purpose of which is related to the thing or concept named by the stem


-biotico

it-adj

-biotico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -biotica, masculine plural -biotici, feminine plural -biotiche)

-biotica (feminine)
-biotici (masculine plural)
-biotiche (feminine plural)


šestnajst

šestnájst (canonical)
šẹ̑stnajst (canonical)
šestnájst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
šestnájstih (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
šestnájstim (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
šestnájst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
šestnájstih (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
šestnájstimi (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
šestnȃjst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)
šẹ̑stnajst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
šẹ̑stnajstih (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
šẹ̑stnajstim (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
šẹ̑stnajstih (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
šẹ̑stnajstimi (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)
šestnájst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
šestnájst (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
šestnájst (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
šestnájst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
šestnájst (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
šestnájst (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
šestnȃjst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)
šẹ̑stnajst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
šẹ̑stnajst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)

From Proto-Slavic * šestь na desęte (“six on ten”). Equivalent to šest + -najst.

inh

(for uncountable nouns, colloquial) sixteen


osemnajst

sl-noun

osəmnájst or ọ̄səmnajst m anim pl or f pl or n pl or n

osəmnájst (canonical)
ọ̄səmnajst (animate canonical masculine plural)
osəmnájst (nominative plural)
osəmnájstih (genitive plural)
osəmnájstim (dative plural)
osəmnájst (accusative plural)
osəmnájstih (locative plural)
osəmnájstimi (instrumental plural)
osəmnȃjst (plural vocative)
ọ̄səmnajst (nominative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstih (genitive plural)
ọ̄səmnajstim (dative plural)
ọ̄səmnajst (accusative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstih (locative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstimi (instrumental plural)
ọ̑səmnajst (plural vocative)
osəmnájst (nominative plural)
osəmnájstih (genitive plural)
osəmnájstim (dative plural)
osəmnájst (accusative plural)
osəmnájstih (locative plural)
osəmnájstimi (instrumental plural)
osəmnȃjst (plural vocative)
ọ̄səmnajst (nominative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstih (genitive plural)
ọ̄səmnajstim (dative plural)
ọ̄səmnajst (accusative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstih (locative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstimi (instrumental plural)
ọ̑səmnajst (plural vocative)
osəmnájst (nominative plural)
osəmnájstih (genitive plural)
osəmnájstim (dative plural)
osəmnájst (accusative plural)
osəmnájstih (locative plural)
osəmnájstimi (instrumental plural)
osəmnȃjst (plural vocative)
ọ̄səmnajst (nominative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstih (genitive plural)
ọ̄səmnajstim (dative plural)
ọ̄səmnajst (accusative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstih (locative plural)
ọ̄səmnajstimi (instrumental plural)
ọ̑səmnajst (plural vocative)
osəmnájst (nominative singular)
osəmnájst (genitive singular)
osəmnájst (dative singular)
osəmnájst (accusative singular)
osəmnájst (locative singular)
osəmnájst (instrumental singular)
osəmnȃjst (singular vocative)
ọ̄səmnajst (nominative singular)
ọ̄səmnajst (genitive singular)
ọ̄səmnajst (dative singular)
ọ̄səmnajst (accusative singular)
ọ̄səmnajst (locative singular)
ọ̄səmnajst (instrumental singular)
ọ̑səmnajst (singular vocative)

sl-infl-noun

no endings in nominative, accusative and vocative

To express dual and plural, the phrase število osemnajst 'number seventeen' is used, e.g. dve števili osemnajst sta napisani, or, informally, also osemnajstka or osemnajstica.

From Proto-Slavic *osmь na desęte (“eight on ten”). Equivalent to osem + -najst.

inh

(neuter, follows fourth declension, in the plural) a group of eighteen things with neuter grammatical gender


štirinajst

štirinájst (canonical)
štȋrinajst (canonical)
štirinájst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
štirinájstih (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
štirinájstim (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
štirinájst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
štirinájstih (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
štirinájstimi (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
štirinȃjst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)
štȋrinajst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
štȋrinajstih (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
štȋrinajstim (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
štȋrinajst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
štȋrinajstih (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
štȋrinajstimi (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
štȋrinajst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)
štirinájst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
štirinájst (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
štirinájst (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
štirinájst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
štirinájst (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
štirinájst (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
štirinȃjst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)
štȋrinajst (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
štȋrinajst (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
štȋrinajst (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
štȋrinajst (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
štȋrinajst (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
štȋrinajst (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
štȋrinajst (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)

From Proto-Slavic * četyre na desęte (“four on ten”). Equivalent to štiri + -najst.

(for uncountable nouns, colloquial) fourteen


-గా

attaches to the ends of nouns to make them adverbs; adverbializer


радио-

radio- (radiation; radio (broadcasting))


видео-

Internationalism, equivalent to ви́део (vídeo) used as a prefix for compound words.


видео-

video- (related to moving images, and especially to television)


-bani

From -ban (“in”, case suffix) + -i (adjective-forming suffix), an unusual and irregular form since in Hungarian no other suffix can be appended after the case ending.

affix

nagy (“large”) + -bani → nagybani (“wholesale”)

(adjective-forming suffix) A rare and unproductive suffix, found only in lexicalized forms.


-beni

From -ben (“in”, case suffix) + -i (adjective-forming suffix), an unusual and irregular form since in Hungarian no other suffix can be appended after the case ending.

természet (“nature”) + -beni → természetbeni (“in kind”)


nipio-

paedo-/pedo- (related to children or infants)


-barát

gyerek (“child”) + -barát → gyerekbarát (“child-friendly”)

(adjective-forming suffix) -friendly (accommodating to the interests, expectations, demands of someone or something)

környezet (“environment”) + -barát → környezetbarát (“environment-friendly”)

(adjective-forming suffix, somewhat formal) -friendly (safer, less damaging, less hazardous )


stock-

From Stock (“stick, staff”). Originally in forms like stocksteif (literally “stick-stiff”), stockstill (literally “stick-still”), then generalised. Compare the same in stein-.

stockbesoffen (very drunk, wasted, plastered)

stockdunkel, stockduster, stockfinster (pitch black)

stocksteif (very stiff, very formal)

stockschwul (blatantly gay, homosexual)

stocktaub (deaf as a post)


stock-

Cognate of Danish stok-, Norwegian stokk-, German stock-.


-iukas

-ùkas (canonical masculine stress-pattern-2)
-ùkai (plural)
-iùkas (nominative singular)
-iùkai (nominative plural)
-iùko (genitive singular)
-iùkų (genitive plural)
-iùkui (dative singular)
-iùkams (dative plural)
-iùką (accusative singular)
-iukùs (accusative plural)
-iukù (instrumental singular)
-iùkais (instrumental plural)
-iukè (locative singular)
-iùkuose (locative plural)
-iùke (singular vocative)
-iùk (singular vocative)
-iùkai (plural vocative)

Palatalised variant of -ùkas, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ukas, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos; compare Latvian -uks, Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ. Compare Proto-Germanic *-ukaz > English -ock (hillock, bullock).

(productive) forms diminutives, usually from masculine nouns.


oclo-

From Ancient Greek ὄχλος (ókhlos, “multitude, crowd”).


boreo-

After Boreas, the Classical deity of the north wind, from Ancient Greek Βορέας (Boréas).


-klas

-klai (plural)
-klė (feminine)
-klas (nominative singular)
-klai (nominative plural)
-klo (genitive singular)
-klų (genitive plural)
-klui (dative singular)
-klams (dative plural)
-klą (accusative singular)
-klus (accusative plural)
-klu (instrumental singular)
-klais (instrumental plural)
-kle (locative singular)
-kluose (locative plural)
-kle (singular vocative)
-klai (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-tlo. Compare Latvian -kls, -kla, Old Prussian -clo, Proto-Slavic *-dlo. From *-tlom, -dʰlom (agentive suffix). The Balto-Slavic reconstruction of -tl- is preferable to -dl-, whereby the unusual consonant cluster would have undergone assimilation in Slavic and dissimilation in Baltic. Compare the related Proto-Slavic *-teľь.

dùrti (“stab”) → dùrklas (“dagger”)

pjáuti (“reap, cut”) → pjū́klas (“saw”)

an old agentive suffix, normally applied to unsuffixed verbs


-latria

Internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek λατρεία (latreía).


-တို့

(literary) plural marker for nouns or pronouns


-ega

varma (“warm”) + -ega → varmega (“hot”)


uvulo-

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the uvula.


-sexual

Forms a noun or adjective describing a state or style of sexuality


onico-

From Ancient Greek ὄνυχος (ónukhos), genitive singular of ὄνυξ (ónux, “claw, nail, hoof”).

onycho- (Forms words relating to nails (fingernails or toenails) or claws)


-edz

Inherited from Late Latin -izō. Used as an infix in Aromanian verb conjugations. Compare Romanian -ez.

lucredz

bãnedz

mbunedz

minciunedz

ndriptedz

uspitedz

used to form the first-person singular of some first-conjugation verbs


-ih

Used to form transitive verbs from nouns


-ih

bíw- (“to eat”) + -ih → bíwih (“food”)

Used to form nouns denoting the goal of a verb.


-vorus

-vora (feminine)
-vorum (neuter)
-vorus (masculine nominative singular)
-vora (feminine nominative singular)
-vorum (neuter nominative singular)
-vorī (masculine nominative singular)
-vorae (feminine nominative plural)
-vora (neuter nominative plural)
-vorī (genitive masculine singular)
-vorae (feminine genitive singular)
-vorī (genitive neuter singular)
-vorōrum (genitive masculine singular)
-vorārum (feminine genitive plural)
-vorōrum (genitive neuter plural)
-vorō (dative masculine singular)
-vorae (dative feminine singular)
-vorō (dative neuter singular)
-vorīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
-vorum (accusative masculine singular)
-voram (accusative feminine singular)
-vorum (accusative neuter singular)
-vorōs (accusative masculine singular)
-vorās (accusative feminine plural)
-vora (accusative neuter plural)
-vorō (ablative masculine singular)
-vorā (ablative feminine singular)
-vorō (ablative neuter singular)
-vorīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
-vore (masculine singular vocative)
-vora (feminine singular vocative)
-vorum (neuter singular vocative)
-vorī (masculine singular vocative)
-vorae (feminine plural vocative)
-vora (neuter plural vocative)

English: -vore, -vorous

French: -vore

Italian: -voro

Sicilian: -vuru

vorō (“I devour, I eat greedily”) + -us (suffix forming adjectives)

suffix

carō (stem carn-) + -vorus → carnivorus

omnis + -vorus → omnivorus

rāna + -vorus → rānivorus


ochlo-

From Ancient Greek ὄχλος (ókhlos, “crowd”).


-ença

ca-noun

-ença f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ences)

Inherited from Latin -entia. Corresponds to -ència, a learned or semi-learned form.

-ence: forms deverbal nouns indicating a state or condition


-ença

pt-noun

-ença f (noun-forming suffix, usually uncountable, plural -enças)

(non-productive) forms nouns, from verbs, indicating a state or condition; -ence


-asa

ca-noun

-asa f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ases)

(biochemistry) -ase (used to form names of enzymes)


-asa

es-noun

-asa f (noun-forming suffix, plural -asas)

(biochemistry) -ase (forms names of enzymes)


-nong

in, inside; used to modify verb direction


-atją

-atją (nominative singular)
-atjō (nominative plural)
-atją (singular vocative)
-atjō (plural vocative)
-atją (accusative singular)
-atjō (accusative plural)
-atjas (genitive singular)
-atis (genitive singular)
-atjǫ̂ (genitive plural)
-atjai (dative singular)
-atjamaz (dative plural)
-atjō (instrumental singular)
-atjamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *-atti

Old English: -ett, -et (genitive -ettes)

Old High German: -az, -ez

Suffix denoting the action of verbs ending in *-atjaną, used similarly as Modern English -age, -ation, -isation, -ism.


-cz

-cz (nominative singular)
-cze (nominative plural)
-czu (genitive singular)
-cza (genitive singular)
-czy (genitive plural)
-czowi (dative singular)
-czom (dative plural)
-cz (accusative singular)
-cze (accusative plural)
-czem (instrumental singular)
-czami (instrumental plural)
-czu (locative singular)
-czach (locative plural)
-czu (singular vocative)
-cze (plural vocative)

zdobyć + -cz → zdobycz


icno-

Internationalism, from Ancient Greek ἴχνος (íkhnos, “footprint”).


-eauã

suffix used to form the feminine diminutive of a word


-сы

From Old Turkic -čï (agent noun suffix).
Cognate with exactly analogous suffixes in other Turkic languages:
Kazakh -шы (-şy),
Uzbek -chi,
Turkish -çı, -cı, etc.

(added to verbs and nouns) person who does an action indicated by the root verb or noun; used to form agent nouns, terms for professions or occupations


-се

From Old Turkic -či (agent noun suffix).
Cognate with exactly analogous suffixes in other Turkic languages:
Kazakh -шi (-şi),
Uzbek -chi,
Turkish -çi, -ci, etc.

(added to verbs and nouns) person or animal who does an action indicated by the root verb or noun; used to form an agent noun, profession or occupation


-ers

Etymology tree
English -er
English -ers
From -er.

(informal, originally school slang) Used to form mostly adjectives used informally.


-cus

-ca (feminine)
-cum (neuter)
-cus (masculine nominative singular)
-ca (feminine nominative singular)
-cum (neuter nominative singular)
-cī (masculine nominative singular)
-cae (feminine nominative plural)
-ca (neuter nominative plural)
-cī (genitive masculine singular)
-cae (feminine genitive singular)
-cī (genitive neuter singular)
-cōrum (genitive masculine singular)
-cārum (feminine genitive plural)
-cōrum (genitive neuter plural)
-cō (dative masculine singular)
-cae (dative feminine singular)
-cō (dative neuter singular)
-cīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
-cum (accusative masculine singular)
-cam (accusative feminine singular)
-cum (accusative neuter singular)
-cōs (accusative masculine singular)
-cās (accusative feminine plural)
-ca (accusative neuter plural)
-cō (ablative masculine singular)
-cā (ablative feminine singular)
-cō (ablative neuter singular)
-cīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
-ce (masculine singular vocative)
-ca (feminine singular vocative)
-cum (neuter singular vocative)
-cī (masculine singular vocative)
-cae (feminine plural vocative)
-ca (neuter plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *-kos, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos. Cognate with Ancient Greek -κός (-kós), Proto-Germanic *-gaz, Sanskrit -शस (-śasa) and Proto-Slavic *-kъ.
PIE *-ko- on noun stems carried the meaning 'characteristic of, like, typical, pertaining to', and on adjectival stems it acted emphatically.

juvenis + -cus → juvencus

Mārs + -cus → Mār(t)cus

ravis + -cus → raucus


-ticus

-tica (feminine)
-ticum (neuter)
-ticus (masculine nominative singular)
-tica (feminine nominative singular)
-ticum (neuter nominative singular)
-ticī (masculine nominative singular)
-ticae (feminine nominative plural)
-tica (neuter nominative plural)
-ticī (genitive masculine singular)
-ticae (feminine genitive singular)
-ticī (genitive neuter singular)
-ticōrum (genitive masculine singular)
-ticārum (feminine genitive plural)
-ticōrum (genitive neuter plural)
-ticō (dative masculine singular)
-ticae (dative feminine singular)
-ticō (dative neuter singular)
-ticīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
-ticum (accusative masculine singular)
-ticam (accusative feminine singular)
-ticum (accusative neuter singular)
-ticōs (accusative masculine singular)
-ticās (accusative feminine plural)
-tica (accusative neuter plural)
-ticō (ablative masculine singular)
-ticā (ablative feminine singular)
-ticō (ablative neuter singular)
-ticīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
-tice (masculine singular vocative)
-tica (feminine singular vocative)
-ticum (neuter singular vocative)
-ticī (masculine singular vocative)
-ticae (feminine plural vocative)
-tica (neuter plural vocative)

Old French: -égeo, -edgeo, -edgio

French: -ège

Italian: -tico

Occitan: -tge

Portuguese: -tico

Spanish: -tico

From -t(us) + -icus, occurring in some original case and later used freely.

rūs + -ticus → rūsticus


au-

Gaulish: au-

Prefix counterpart to *au (“away, from”).


-ivius

-īvius (canonical)
-īvia (feminine)
-īvium (neuter)
-īvius (masculine nominative singular)
-īvia (feminine nominative singular)
-īvium (neuter nominative singular)
-īviī (masculine nominative singular)
-īviae (feminine nominative plural)
-īvia (neuter nominative plural)
-īviī (genitive masculine singular)
-īviae (feminine genitive singular)
-īviī (genitive neuter singular)
-īviōrum (genitive masculine singular)
-īviārum (feminine genitive plural)
-īviōrum (genitive neuter plural)
-īviō (dative masculine singular)
-īviae (dative feminine singular)
-īviō (dative neuter singular)
-īviīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
-īvium (accusative masculine singular)
-īviam (accusative feminine singular)
-īvium (accusative neuter singular)
-īviōs (accusative masculine singular)
-īviās (accusative feminine plural)
-īvia (accusative neuter plural)
-īviō (ablative masculine singular)
-īviā (ablative feminine singular)
-īviō (ablative neuter singular)
-īviīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
-īvie (masculine singular vocative)
-īvia (feminine singular vocative)
-īvium (neuter singular vocative)
-īviī (masculine singular vocative)
-īviae (feminine plural vocative)
-īvia (neuter plural vocative)

lixa + -īvius → lixīvius

sonus + -īvius → sonīvius


κατα-

head

κᾰτᾰ- • (kătă-)


κατα-

kata- (romanization)
katá- (romanization)

From Ancient Greek κατα- (kata-), from Ancient Greek κατά (katá, “down, into, against”).

κάτ-

used before morphemes that begin with a vowel

κάθ-

used before morphemes that historically began with a vowel with a δασεία or rough breathing

κατα- (kata-) + βάση (vási, “basis, base”) → κατάβαση (katávasi, “descent”)

κατα- (kata-) + βρόχθος (vróchthos, “throat (Ancient Greek)”) → καταβροχθίζω (katavrochthízo, “to gobble, to devour, to wolf down”)

added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words that indicates something that is down in a downward direction:

κατα- (kata-) + μαύρος (mávros, “black”) → κατάμαυρος (katámavros, “jet-black”)

κατα- (kata-) + άσπρος (áspros, “white”) → κάτασπρος (kátaspros, “snow white, completely white”)

κατα- (kata-) + φως (fos, “light”) → κατάφωτος (katáfotos, “ablaze”)

κατα- (kata-) + πτύω (ptýo, “to spit (Ancient Greek)”) → κατάπτυστος (katáptystos, “foul, villainous, worthy of spitting on”)

κατα- (kata-) + κλέβω (klévo, “to steal, to rob”) → κατακλέβω (kataklévo, “to rob blind”)

(intensifier) added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words that indicates something to a great degree or intensity:

κατα- (kata-) + γελώ (geló, “to laugh”) → καταγελώ (katageló, “to laugh at, to mock”)

κατα- (kata-) + δικάζω (dikázo, “to judge”) → καταδικάζω (katadikázo, “to condemn, to convict”)

κατα- (kata-) + αναγκάζω (anagkázo, “to compel, to necessitate”) → καταναγκάζω (katanagkázo, “to force someone”)

added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words that indicates something is against a person to a great degree:

κατα- (kata-) + αρχαιοζωικός (archaiozoïkós, “Archaean”) → καταρχαιοζωικός (katarchaiozoïkós, “Hadean, pre-Archaean”)

(geology) added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words that indicates something that is under or before:


κατά-

κατά- (katá-) + μαύρος (mávros, “black”) → κατάμαυρος (katámavros, “jet-black”)

κατα- κατα-#Greek


κατ-

κατ- (kat-) + αγωγή (agogí, “training”) → καταγωγή (katagogí, “ancestry”)

κατα- κατα-#Greek


κάτ-

κάτ- (kát-) + ισχνός (ischnós, “thin”) → κάτισχνος (kátischnos, “extremely thin”)

κατα- κατα-#Greek

Alternative form of κατ- (kat-) of κατα- (kata-)


καθ-

καθ- (kath-) + ελκύω (elkýo, “attract”) → καθελκύω (kathelkýo, “launch a ship”)

κατα- κατα-#Greek


κάθ-

κάθ- (káth-) + ιδρώτας (ἱδρώς) (idrṓtas (hidrṓs), “sweat”) → κάθιδρος (káthidros, “extremely sweaty”)

κατα- κατα-#Greek

Alternative form of καθ- (kath-) of κατα- (kata-)


előre-

előre- + fut (“to run”) → előrefut (“to run ahead/forward”)

(verbal prefix) ahead, forward (it indicates a forward movement compared to a previous position, both in space and time)


-mäßig

LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--mäßig.wav


-άκις

grc-adverb

-ᾰ́κῐς • (-ắkĭs)

Added to the stems of cardinal numerals, adjectives, and pronouns to form adverbs of repetition


-άκις

Ancient Greek -άκις (-ákis). Related to πολλάκις (pollákis).

εκατό (ekató, “hundred”) + -άκις (-ákis) → εκατοντάκις (ekatontákis, “a hundred times”)

Τα φαινόμενα πολλάκις απατούν.


-θι

From Proto-Indo-European *-dʰi. Doublet of -θεν (-then). Possibly a doublet of -θα (-tha) and -σε (-se).

Added to nouns to form adverbs of location: at, in, on


succin-

Relating to or derived from succinic acid.


-unque

From Old Italian unque (“never, ever”), from the older unqua, from Latin umquam (“ever, at any time”). Its use as an indefinite suffix may have been influenced by Latin -cumque, which has a similar origin. Compare English -ever.

chi (“who”) → chiunque (“whoever”)

dove (“where”) → dovunque (“everywhere”, “anywhere”)

used to derive indefinite adjectives, adverbs and pronouns


-aidd

From Middle Welsh -eid, from Proto-Celtic *-adyos. Cognate with Old Irish -de, Greek -άδα (-áda), Latin -idus.

eliffant (“elephant”) + -aidd → eliffantaidd (“elephantine”)

coch (“red”) + -aidd → cochaidd (“reddish”)

Cymreig (“Welsh”) + -aidd → Cymreigaidd (“Welshy”)

Rwsia (“Russia”) + -aidd → Rwsaidd (“Russian”)


-reich

-rich, -ful, used to form an adjective from a noun with the sense of 'rich in', 'full of'.


-ância

pt-noun

-ância f (noun-forming suffix, plural -âncias)

Borrowed from Latin -antia. Doublet of -ança.

-ancy (the condition or quality of being the suffixed adjective)


anarco-

anarcho- (denoting anarchy or anarchism)


-farben

LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--farben.wav


-du

lagun (“friend”) + -du → lagundu (“to help”)

afari (“dinner”) + -du → afaldu (“to eat dinner”)


-du

Classifier for objects that are high up, especially hills.


-ushi

bok + -ushi → bokushi


mam-

mam- + babae (“woman”) → mambabae (“to womanize”)

mam- + batas (“law”) → mambabatas (“lawmaker”)

mam- + bahagi (“portion”) → mamahagi (“to apportion”)

mam- + pahayag (“statement”) → mamamahayag (“reporter”)

Alternative form of mang-, if the root starts with bilabial consonants, such as ⟨b⟩ or ⟨p⟩, which gets nasally assimilated to the prefix ending when starts with voiceless bilabial consonant, ⟨p⟩ and sometimes ⟨b⟩.


pyrrh-

From Ancient Greek Πύρρος (Púrrhos) from πῦρ (pûr, “fire”).


-rrhexis

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ῥῆξις (rhêxis).


-rich

head

-rich m (genitive -richs or -riches, plural -riche)

-richs (genitive)
-riches (genitive)
-riche (plural)

Extracted from names such as Friedrich, ultimately from Old High German rīhhi (“rich”, whence reich). With animals first in Enterich, which is a folk-etymological alteration of Middle High German antreche, equivalent to Ente + the cognate of English drake. Then by analogy Gänserich, and subsequently other forms.

suffix to derive masculine nouns, especially for male animals


техно-

From Ancient Greek τέχνη (tékhnē, “skill”).

techno- (used to form words relating to technology)


acaro-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from New Latin acarus, from Ancient Greek ἄκαρι (ákari, “cheese mite, tick”), from ἀκαρής (akarḗs, “tiny”).

der

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary


-εῖον

grc-noun

-εῖον • (-eîon) n (genitive -είου); second declension

-eîon (romanization)
-είου (genitive)
-εῖον (nominative singular)
-είω (dual nominative)
-εῖᾰ (nominative plural)
-είου (genitive singular)
-είοιν (dual genitive)
-είων (genitive plural)
-είῳ (dative singular)
-είοιν (dative dual)
-είοις (dative plural)
-εῖον (accusative singular)
-είω (accusative dual)
-εῖᾰ (accusative plural)
-εῖον (singular vocative)
-είω (dual vocative)
-εῖᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: -είο (-eío)

Formed through a union of a stem vowel ε and ‑ιον (‑ion), *‑es‑y‑on like ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) usually from stems in ‑εύς (‑eús) (originally *‑ew‑, whence the Ionic diaeresis), or *‑ḗw‑ion like κναφεῖον (knapheîon) and sometimes applied to other stems, subsequently autonomised.


-εῖος

-eîos (romanization)
-είᾱ (feminine)
-εῖον (neuter)
-εῖος (masculine nominative singular)
-είᾱ (feminine nominative singular)
-εῖον (neuter nominative singular)
-είω (dual masculine nominative)
-είᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
-είω (dual neuter nominative)
-εῖοι (masculine nominative plural)
-εῖαι (feminine nominative plural)
-εῖᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
-είου (genitive masculine singular)
-είᾱς (feminine genitive singular)
-είου (genitive neuter singular)
-είοιν (dual genitive masculine)
-είαιν (dual feminine genitive)
-είοιν (dual genitive neuter)
-είων (genitive masculine plural)
-είων (feminine genitive plural)
-είων (genitive neuter plural)
-είῳ (dative masculine singular)
-είᾳ (dative feminine singular)
-είῳ (dative neuter singular)
-είοιν (dative dual masculine)
-είαιν (dative dual feminine)
-είοιν (dative dual neuter)
-είοις (dative masculine plural)
-είαις (dative feminine plural)
-είοις (dative neuter plural)
-εῖον (accusative masculine singular)
-είᾱν (accusative feminine singular)
-εῖον (accusative neuter singular)
-είω (accusative dual masculine)
-είᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
-είω (accusative dual neuter)
-είους (accusative masculine plural)
-είᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
-εῖᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
-εῖε (masculine singular vocative)
-είᾱ (feminine singular vocative)
-εῖον (neuter singular vocative)
-είω (dual masculine vocative)
-είᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
-είω (dual neuter vocative)
-εῖοι (masculine plural vocative)
-εῖαι (feminine plural vocative)
-εῖᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
-είως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
-ειότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
-ειότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

→ Latin: -ēus

* Partially from a union of a stem vowel ε and -ιος (-ios), usually from stems in -εύς (-eús) (originally *-ηϝ-, whence the Ionic diaeresis), and sometimes applied to other stems.
* Partially from -εῖϝος, from Proto-Indo-European *-iHwós, an extended form of *-wós. Note the double Latin adoption -īvus (e.g. Argīvus) and -ēus (e.g. mūsēum). Cognate with Latin -īvus.

Forms adjectives, usually with a meaning of "of" or "from".


-mön

Counting suffix used to denote that the subject is a living entity.


ἁ-

From Proto-Hellenic *hə-, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-, zero-grade of *sem-. The form without the rough breathing is due to Grassmann's law or analogy.

The alpha copulativum, used to express union or likeness.


raz-

Inseparable verbal prefix that denotes destruction, breaking into pieces, undoing or removing.; de-, dis-


raz-

raz- + topīti (“to melt”) → raztopīti (“to melt”)

Forms perfective verbs that denote destruction, breaking into pieces, undoing or removing:


-erization

en-noun

-erization (noun-forming suffix, uncountable)


-sne

A variant of -tne; added to adjectives or verbs to form abstract nouns.


-work

From Middle English -work, -werk, from Old English -weorc, -ġeweorc, equivalent to English work. Compare also Saterland Frisian -werk, Dutch -werk, German -werk, Norwegian -verk.

masonwork

metalwork

needlework

woodwork

Denoting a craft involving a particular material, tool, or practitioner

ironwork

paintwork

stonework

waxwork

Denoting a structure or work of art crafted chiefly from a given material

bridgework

clockwork

coachwork

latticework

Denoting the structure or mechanism of a given object.


వి-

విఖ్యాతి విఖ్యాతి#Telugu

వియోగము వియోగము#Telugu

A prefix, implying intensity, muchness separation as in విఖ్యాతి (vikhyāti), వియోగము (viyōgamu).


వృక్ష-

head

వృక్ష- • (vr̥kṣa-)


విష-

విషముష్టి విషముష్టి

A prefix, implying poison, poisonous as in విషముష్టి.


-ōē

Persian: ـویه (-ôê, -uya, -uye)

→ Arabic: ـويه (-ūya, -awayh)

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: -όης (-óēs), -ώης (-ṓēs) (e.g. Βινδόης (Bindóēs), Σιρόης (Siróēs))

→ Old Armenian: -ոյ (-oy) (e.g. Վնդոյ (Vndoy), Շերոյ (Šeroy), Դատոյ (Datoy))

Forms diminutive or affectionate form of nouns.


-ай

From Proto-Samic *-jëj. Cognate with Northern Sami -i.

пӣӈӈк (pīŋŋk, “wind”) + -ай (-aj) → пӣӈӈькай (pīŋŋ’kaj, “windy”)

Forms adjectives indicating an abundance of something.


-ы

-ысь (definite nominative singular)
-ыхне (definite nominative plural)
-ыть (definite genitive singular)
-ыхнень (definite genitive plural)
-ыти (dative definite singular)
-ыхненди (dative definite plural)

From Proto-Mordvinic *-i-j(a), inherited from Proto-Uralic *-ja (present participle ending). Compare -я (-ja) in Erzya содыя (sodija, “I found out [it]”), -й (-j) in кельсодый (keľsodij, “linguist”). Related to Finnish -ja, Estonian -ja, Livonian -ji, e.g., jūoji (“drinker”).
See also Moksha -ай (-aj).

cog

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
ваны, аралай (наблюдатель)
van i , aralaj (nabľudaťeľ)
observer (observer [in Russian])


-да

Mordvinic ablative is a direct descendant of Proto-Uralic *-ta, *-tä (ablative suffix). It has been preserved in Finnish luo-ta (“from”), yl-tä (“from over”), this suffix is also a part of Finnish -sta (elative suffix) and was kept in Finnish -lta (ablative suffix) (the latter two are composite suffixes), otherwise the old ablative has been repurposed for the role of partitive in Finnish. Uralic *-ta correspondences in other languages: Eastern Mari -ч (-č) (< *-ti); Ob-Ugric and Hungarian -l, for example, Northern Mansi [script needed] (num-n, “on top, above”), [script needed] (num-əl, “from above”), Hungarian felő-l (“from (the direction of)”), mellő-l (“from next to”); Tundra Nenets [script needed] (ńi-d; ńa-d, “from the surface of; from”), aside from these postpositions, Nenets ablative contains the coaffix -ha-/-ka-, for example, [script needed] (pəδara-had, “from forest”), [script needed] (mar-kad, “from city”).

cog

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
впервые — васенцеда
vpervije — vaśeńće da
for the first time [in Russian] — for the first time

-та

after stems ending in д (d); e.g., ведьта (veďta)


-кс

From Proto-Uralic *-kse (translative suffix). Related to Erzya -кс (-ks), Finnish -ksi.

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
во-первых — васенцекс, васенцесь
vo-pervih — vaśeńće ks , vaśeńćeś
first of all [in Russian] — first of all


-кс

-ks (romanization)
-кс (indefinite nominative singular)
-кст (indefinite nominative plural)
-ксонь (genitive indefinite singular)
-ксонди (dative indefinite singular)
-кста (ablative indefinite singular)
-ксса (indefinite inessive singular)
-ксста (elative indefinite singular)
-ксс (illative indefinite singular)
-ксова (indefinite prolative singular)
-ксшка (comparative indefinite singular)
-ксокс (indefinite singular translative)
-ксфтома (abessive indefinite singular)
-ксонкса (causative indefinite singular)
-кссь (definite nominative singular)
-ксне (definite nominative plural)
-ксть (definite genitive singular)
-кснень (definite genitive plural)
-ксти (dative definite singular)
-ксненди (dative definite plural)

Nominalizing suffix, e.g. касомс (kasoms, “to grow”) → касыкс (kasiks, “plant”), inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *-kse. Compare Erzya -кс (-ks), Finnish -s (-kse-).


-нь

-ń (romanization)
-нь (indefinite nominative singular)
-ннеса (indefinite inessive singular)
-ннева (indefinite prolative singular)
-ннеть (definite genitive singular)

From Proto-Uralic *-n (genitive suffix). Related to Erzya -нь (-ń), Finnish -n.

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
дамский — авань
damskij — ava ń
ladylike, ladies' [in Russian] — ladylike, ladies'
женский — авань
ženskij — ava ń
female, women's [in Russian] — female, women's


-са

кар (kar, “city”) + -са (-sa) → карса (karsa, “urban”)

Used to form relational adjectives for a certain place.


-са

Akin to Erzya -со (-so), Finnish -ssa (inessive suffix) (which in some dialects is -sa). Originally likely based on Proto-Uralic *-na and an internal locative infix -s- of uncertain origin but possibly from the lative ending *-s.

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
здесь — тяса
źďeś — ťa sa
here [in Russian] — here


-ста

-sta (romanization)
-стось (definite nominative singular)
-стотне (definite nominative plural)
-стоть (definite genitive singular)
-стотнень (definite genitive plural)
-стоти (dative definite singular)
-стотненди (dative definite plural)

From Proto-Mordvinic *-stə. Related to Erzya -сто (-sto), -стэ (-ste), Finnish -sta.

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
тяста
ťa sta
from here


-ф

Perhaps related to Estonian -v, e.g., elav (“lively”) from elama (“to live”), Finnish elävä.

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
тонафнеф
tonafńe f
educated


-фтома

-ftoma (romanization)
-фтомось (definite nominative singular)
-фтомотне (definite nominative plural)
-фтомоть (definite genitive singular)
-фтомотнень (definite genitive plural)
-фтомоти (dative definite singular)
-фтомотненди (dative definite plural)

Probably related to Finnish -ton and Northern Sami -heapme.

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
бездомный (о человеке) — кудфтома
bezdomnij (o čeloveke) — kud ftoma
homeless (about a person) [in Russian] — homeless


-andria

it-noun

-andria f (noun-forming suffix, plural -andrie)


جي

ajp-suffix

ـجي • (-ji) m (feminine ـجيّة (-jiyye), plural ـجيّة (-jiyye))

ـجي (canonical)
-ji (romanization)
ـجيّة (feminine)
ـجيّة (plural)

From Ottoman Turkish ـجی (modern Turkish -ci / -çi).

حكوجي

Forms adjectives indicating a character trait.


-jas

head

-jas (genitive -ja, partitive -jat, comparative -jam, superlative kõige -jam)

-ja (genitive)
-jat (partitive)
-jam (comparative)
kõige -jam (superlative)
-jas (nominative singular)
-jad (nominative plural)
-jas (accusative nominative singular)
-jad (accusative nominative plural)
-ja (accusative genitive singular)
-jad (accusative genitive plural)
-ja (genitive singular)
-jate (genitive plural)
-jat (partitive singular)
-jaid (partitive plural)
-jasse (illative singular)
-jatesse (illative plural)
-jaisse (illative plural)
-jas (inessive singular)
-jates (inessive plural)
-jais (inessive plural)
-jast (elative singular)
-jatest (elative plural)
-jaist (elative plural)
-jale (allative singular)
-jatele (allative plural)
-jaile (allative plural)
-jal (adessive singular)
-jatel (adessive plural)
-jail (adessive plural)
-jalt (ablative singular)
-jatelt (ablative plural)
-jailt (ablative plural)
-jaks (singular translative)
-jateks (plural translative)
-jaiks (plural translative)
-jani (singular terminative)
-jateni (plural terminative)
-jana (essive singular)
-jatena (essive plural)
-jata (abessive singular)
-jateta (abessive plural)
-jaga (comitative singular)
-jatega (comitative plural)

kauss "bowl" → kausjas "bowl-shaped"

uss "snake" → usjas "snake-like"

puder "porridge" → puderjas "porridge-like"

-like, creates adjectives from nouns indicating similarity


-jas

-jas (nominative singular)
-jai (nominative plural)
-jo (genitive singular)
-jų (genitive plural)
-jui (dative singular)
-jams (dative plural)
-ją (accusative singular)
-jus (accusative plural)
-ju (instrumental singular)
-jais (instrumental plural)
-juje (locative singular)
-juose (locative plural)
-jau (singular vocative)
-jai (plural vocative)
-ja (neuter positive)
-jas (masculine nominative singular)
-ji (masculine nominative plural positive)
-ja (feminine nominative positive singular)
-jos (feminine nominative plural positive)
-jo (genitive masculine singular)
-jų (genitive masculine plural positive)
-jos (feminine genitive positive singular)
-jų (feminine genitive plural positive)
-jam (dative masculine singular)
-jiems (dative masculine plural positive)
-jai (dative feminine positive singular)
-joms (dative feminine plural positive)
-ją (accusative masculine singular)
-jus (accusative masculine plural positive)
-ją (accusative feminine positive singular)
-jas (accusative feminine plural positive)
-ju (instrumental masculine singular)
-jais (instrumental masculine plural positive)
-ja (feminine instrumental positive singular)
-jomis (feminine instrumental plural positive)
-jame (locative masculine singular)
-juose (locative masculine plural positive)
-joje (feminine locative positive singular)
-jose (feminine locative plural positive)
-jas (masculine singular vocative)
-ji (masculine plural positive vocative)
-ja (feminine positive singular vocative)
-jos (feminine plural positive vocative)
-jaũ (comparative feminine neuter)
-jèsnis (masculine nominative singular)
-jesnì (comparative masculine nominative plural)
-jèsnė (comparative feminine nominative singular)
-jèsnės (comparative feminine nominative plural)
-jèsnio (genitive masculine singular)
-jesnių̃ (comparative genitive masculine plural)
-jesnė̃s (comparative feminine genitive singular)
-jesnių̃ (comparative feminine genitive plural)
-jesniám (dative masculine singular)
-jesníems (comparative dative masculine plural)
-jèsnei (comparative dative feminine singular)
-jesnė̃ms (comparative dative feminine plural)
-jèsnį (accusative masculine singular)
-jesniùs (accusative comparative masculine plural)
-jèsnę (accusative comparative feminine singular)
-jesnès (accusative comparative feminine plural)
-jesniù (instrumental masculine singular)
-jesniaĩs (comparative instrumental masculine plural)
-jesnè (comparative feminine instrumental singular)
-jesnėmìs (comparative feminine instrumental plural)
-jesniamè (locative masculine singular)
-jesniuosè (comparative locative masculine plural)
-jèsnėje (comparative feminine locative singular)
-jesnėsè (comparative feminine locative plural)
-jáusia (feminine neuter superlative)
-jáusias (masculine nominative singular)
-jáusi (masculine nominative plural superlative)
-jáusia (nominative singular superlative)
-jáusios (feminine nominative plural superlative)
-jáusio (genitive masculine singular)
-jáusių (genitive masculine plural superlative)
-jáusios (genitive singular superlative)
-jáusių (feminine genitive plural superlative)
-jáusiam (dative masculine singular)
-jáusiems (dative masculine plural superlative)
-jáusiai (dative singular superlative)
-jáusioms (dative feminine plural superlative)
-jáusią (accusative masculine singular)
-jáusius (accusative masculine plural superlative)
-jáusią (accusative singular superlative)
-jáusias (accusative feminine plural superlative)
-jáusiu (instrumental masculine singular)
-jáusiais (instrumental masculine plural superlative)
-jáusia (instrumental singular superlative)
-jáusiomis (feminine instrumental plural superlative)
-jáusiame (locative masculine singular)
-jáusiuose (locative masculine plural superlative)
-jáusioje (locative singular superlative)
-jáusiose (feminine locative plural superlative)
-jàsis (masculine nominative positive singular)
-jíeji (masculine nominative plural positive)
-jóji (feminine nominative positive singular)
-josios (feminine nominative plural positive)
-jojo (genitive masculine positive singular)
-jų̃jų (genitive masculine plural positive)
-jõsios (feminine genitive positive singular)
-jų̃jų (feminine genitive plural positive)
-jájam (dative masculine positive singular)
-jíesiems (dative masculine plural positive)
-jajai (dative feminine positive singular)
-jósioms (dative feminine plural positive)
-jąjį (accusative masculine positive singular)
-júosius (accusative masculine plural positive)
-jąją (accusative feminine positive singular)
-ją́sias (accusative feminine plural positive)
-júoju (instrumental masculine positive singular)
-jaĩsiais (instrumental masculine plural positive)
-ją́ja (feminine instrumental positive singular)
-jõsiomis (feminine instrumental plural positive)
-jãjame (locative masculine positive singular)
-juõsiuose (locative masculine plural positive)
-jõjoje (feminine locative positive singular)
-jõsiose (feminine locative plural positive)
-jàsis (masculine positive singular vocative)
-jíeji (masculine plural positive vocative)
-jóji (feminine positive singular vocative)
-josios (feminine plural positive vocative)
-jesnỹsis (comparative masculine nominative singular)
-jesníeji (comparative masculine nominative plural)
-jesnióji (comparative feminine nominative singular)
-jèsniosios (comparative feminine nominative plural)
-jèsniojo (comparative genitive masculine singular)
-jesnių̃jų (comparative genitive masculine plural)
-jesniõsios (comparative feminine genitive singular)
-jesnių̃jų (comparative feminine genitive plural)
-jesniájam (comparative dative masculine singular)
-jesníesiems (comparative dative masculine plural)
-jèsniajai (comparative dative feminine singular)
-jesniósioms (comparative dative feminine plural)
-jèsnįjį (accusative comparative masculine singular)
-jesniúosius (accusative comparative masculine plural)
-jèsniąją (accusative comparative feminine singular)
-jesnią́sias (accusative comparative feminine plural)
-jesniúoju (comparative instrumental masculine singular)
-jesniaĩsiais (comparative instrumental masculine plural)
-jesnią́ja (comparative feminine instrumental singular)
-jesniõsiomis (comparative feminine instrumental plural)
-jesniãjame (comparative locative masculine singular)
-jesniuõsiuose (comparative locative masculine plural)
-jesniõjoje (comparative feminine locative singular)
-jesniõsiose (comparative feminine locative plural)
-jáusiasis (masculine nominative singular superlative)
-jáusieji (masculine nominative plural superlative)
-jáusioji (nominative singular superlative)
-jáusiosios (feminine nominative plural superlative)
-jáusiojo (genitive masculine singular superlative)
-jáusiųjų (genitive masculine plural superlative)
-jáusiosios (genitive singular superlative)
-jáusiųjų (feminine genitive plural superlative)
-jáusiajam (dative masculine singular superlative)
-jáusiesiems (dative masculine plural superlative)
-jáusiajai (dative singular superlative)
-jáusiosioms (dative feminine plural superlative)
-jáusiąjį (accusative masculine singular superlative)
-jáusiuosius (accusative masculine plural superlative)
-jáusiąją (accusative singular superlative)
-jáusiąsias (accusative feminine plural superlative)
-jáusiuoju (instrumental masculine singular superlative)
-jáusiaisiais (instrumental masculine plural superlative)
-jáusiąja (instrumental singular superlative)
-jáusiosiomis (feminine instrumental plural superlative)
-jáusiajame (locative masculine singular superlative)
-jáusiuosiuose (locative masculine plural superlative)
-jáusiojoje (locative singular superlative)
-jáusiosiose (feminine locative plural superlative)


γιοττα-

γιοττα- (giotta-) + μέτρο (métro, “metre”) → γιοττάμετρο (giottámetro, “yottametre”)


ζεττα-

ζεττα- (zetta-) + μέτρο (métro, “metre”) → ζεττάμετρο (zettámetro, “zettametre”)


ântero-

(anatomy, dentistry) antero- (anterior; in front; forward)


-ఇంచు

Cognate with Kannada -ಇಸು (-isu), Malayalam -ഇക്കുക (-ikkuka), Tamil -இ (-i).

జన్మము (janmamu, “birth, production, origin”) → జన్మించు (janmiñcu, “to be born”)

చేయు (cēyu, “to do, perform”) → చేయించు (cēyiñcu, “to cause to do or make; to get done”)

used to convert verbs into causative forms


-skapur

From Old Norse -skapr, from Proto-Germanic *-skapiz.


-త

చాకిత చాకిత#Telugu

వ్రేత వ్రేత#Telugu

A feminine suffix as in చాకిత (cākita), వ్రేత (vrēta).


pri-

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *prei-; compare Latvian pie- (“at, with, to”), Proto-Slavic *pri-. From the preposition *prei, see priẽ for more.

eĩti (“go”) → prieĩti (“come across, reach, go up to”)

skambiñti (“call”) → prisiskambiñti (“get through”)

siū́ti (“sew”) → prisiū́ti (“sew on”)

indicates a bringing together, approach, join


-op

From an earlier *opi. Related to Latvian -up, -p. Formed from the genitive singular -õ + a particle -pi. Compare the old adessive ending -íep.

gãlas (“end”) → galóp (“towards the end”)

pavãsaris (“spring”) → pavasarióp (“towards spring”)

vélnias (“devil”) → velnióp (“to hell”)

added to nouns to give allative meaning, i.e. "in the direction of", "towards", "to"


-pati

From Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos, “suffering”).

der

used to form endings of nouns relating to suffering and feeling.


ఆ-

As a prefix it means upto, until, as far as.


εκατό-

εκατό- (ekató-) + λίτρο (lítro, “litre”) → εκατόλιτρο (ekatólitro, “hectolitre, 100 litres”)


-ův

-ův (masculine nominative possessive singular)
-ova (feminine nominative possessive singular)
-ovo (neuter nominative possessive singular)
-ova (genitive masculine possessive singular)
-ovy (feminine genitive possessive singular)
-ova (genitive neuter possessive singular)
-ovu (dative masculine possessive singular)
-ově (dative feminine possessive singular)
-ovu (dative neuter possessive singular)
-ova (accusative animate masculine possessive singular)
-ův (accusative inanimate masculine possessive singular)
-ovu (accusative feminine possessive singular)
-ovo (accusative neuter possessive singular)
-ově (locative masculine possessive singular)
-ovu (locative masculine possessive singular)
-ově (feminine locative possessive singular)
-ově (locative neuter possessive singular)
-ovu (locative neuter possessive singular)
-ovým (instrumental masculine possessive singular)
-ovou (feminine instrumental possessive singular)
-ovým (instrumental neuter possessive singular)
-ovi (animate masculine nominative plural possessive)
-ovy (feminine nominative plural possessive)
-ovy (inanimate masculine nominative plural possessive)
-ova (neuter nominative plural possessive)
-ových (genitive plural possessive)
-ovým (dative plural possessive)
-ovy (accusative feminine masculine plural possessive)
-ova (accusative neuter plural possessive)
-ových (locative plural possessive)
-ovými (instrumental plural possessive)

Inherited from Old Czech -óv, from Proto-Slavic *-ovъ. Cognate with Polish -owy, -ów, Slovak -ov.

tátův bratr

derives possessive adjectives from nouns of masculine gender, usually from personal proper or common nouns, sometimes also from nouns referring to animals


-ův

město obrův

(archaic) inflectional suffix of genitive plural of masculine nouns


erke-

From Old Norse erki-, Old English, and Ancient Greek ἀρχι- (arkhi-).


karra-

Unknown. Might be related to prefix kala-


kala-

From Proto-Albanian *kala, from Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (“to turn, twist”).

uder

kala- + vesh (“vine”) → kalavesh (“grape”)

kala- + mendje (“mind”) → kalamend (“I confuse”)


γεω-

Inherited from Ancient Greek γεω- (geō-), from γῆ (gê).

inh+

γεω- (geo-) + -γραφία (-grafía, “writing”) → γεωγραφία (geografía, “geography”)

γεω- (geo-) + προωθητής (proothitís, “pusher”) → γεωπροωθητής (geoproothitís, “bulldozer”)


γαιο-

γαιο- (gaio-) + προωθητής (proothitís, “pusher”) → γαιοπροωθητής (gaioproothitís, “bulldozer”)


γαιό-

γαιο- γαιο-#Greek


-olol

From propranolol. By surface analysis, reduplication of -ol.

β-adrenoceptor
w:adrenergic receptors#β receptors

(pharmacology) Used to form names of compounds with the structure Ar–OCH₂CH(OH)CH₂NH–R used as β-adrenoceptor antagonists.


-elnia

-elnia (nominative singular)
-elnie (nominative plural)
-elni (genitive singular)
-elni (genitive plural)
-elni (dative singular)
-elniom (dative plural)
-elnię (accusative singular)
-elnie (accusative plural)
-elnią (instrumental singular)
-elniami (instrumental plural)
-elni (locative singular)
-elniach (locative plural)
-elnio (singular vocative)
-elnie (plural vocative)

czytać + -elnia → czytelnia

forms names of designated rooms, shops or factories


-iczny

-iczny (masculine nominative singular)
-iczna (feminine nominative singular)
-iczne (neuter nominative singular)
-iczni (nominative plural virile)
-iczne (nominative plural)
-icznego (genitive masculine singular)
-icznej (feminine genitive singular)
-icznego (genitive neuter singular)
-icznych (genitive plural)
-icznych (genitive plural virile)
-icznemu (dative masculine singular)
-icznej (dative feminine singular)
-icznemu (dative neuter singular)
-icznym (dative plural)
-icznym (dative plural virile)
-icznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
-iczny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
-iczną (accusative feminine singular)
-iczne (accusative neuter singular)
-icznych (accusative plural virile)
-iczne (accusative plural)
-icznym (instrumental masculine singular)
-iczną (feminine instrumental singular)
-icznym (instrumental neuter singular)
-icznymi (instrumental plural)
-icznymi (instrumental plural virile)
-icznym (locative masculine singular)
-icznej (feminine locative singular)
-icznym (locative neuter singular)
-icznych (locative plural)
-icznych (locative plural virile)

Learned borrowing from Latin -icus, Ancient Greek -ικος (-ikos) + -ny.

chemia (“chemistry”) + -iczny → chemiczny (“chemical”)

orogeneza (“orogeny”) + -iczny → orogeniczny (“orogenic”)


-yczny

-yczny (masculine nominative singular)
-yczna (feminine nominative singular)
-yczne (neuter nominative singular)
-yczni (nominative plural virile)
-yczne (nominative plural)
-ycznego (genitive masculine singular)
-ycznej (feminine genitive singular)
-ycznego (genitive neuter singular)
-ycznych (genitive plural)
-ycznych (genitive plural virile)
-ycznemu (dative masculine singular)
-ycznej (dative feminine singular)
-ycznemu (dative neuter singular)
-ycznym (dative plural)
-ycznym (dative plural virile)
-ycznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
-yczny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
-yczną (accusative feminine singular)
-yczne (accusative neuter singular)
-ycznych (accusative plural virile)
-yczne (accusative plural)
-ycznym (instrumental masculine singular)
-yczną (feminine instrumental singular)
-ycznym (instrumental neuter singular)
-ycznymi (instrumental plural)
-ycznymi (instrumental plural virile)
-ycznym (locative masculine singular)
-ycznej (feminine locative singular)
-ycznym (locative neuter singular)
-ycznych (locative plural)
-ycznych (locative plural virile)

historia + -yczny → historyczny


-ardo

it-adj

-ardo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -arda, masculine plural -ardi, feminine plural -arde)

-arda (feminine)
-ardi (masculine plural)
-arde (feminine plural)

From a Germanic element used in anthroponyms (e.g. Old High German [Rīco]hard, Old Saxon *[Regin]hard, Old English [Beorn]heard), derived from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard; brave”). Compare English -ard, French -ard.

Nizza (“Nice”) + -ardo → nizzardo (“of or from Nice”)

relational adjectives
relational adjective#English

(non-productive) appended to placenames to form relational adjectives meaning “of, from or related to a place”


-ardo

it-noun

-ardo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ardi, feminine -arda)

Nizza (“Nice”) + -ardo → nizzardo (“person from Nice”)

(non-productive) appended to placenames to form nouns meaning “one who is of, from or related to a place”

lingua (“tongue”) + -ardo → (archaic) linguardo (“gossip, talkative person”)

vecchio (“old”) + -ardo → (literary, pejorative) vecchiardo (“old man”)

possessional adjectives
possessional adjective#English

(non-productive) appended to nouns or adjectives to form possessional adjectives or nouns meaning “(one) having the characteristic described by the noun or adjective”


-ardo

pt-noun

-ardo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ardos)

-ard (someone who is in a suffixed condition)


-arquia

ca-noun

-arquia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -arquies)

Borrowed from Latin -archia, from Ancient Greek -αρχίᾱ (-arkhíā), from ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “rule, government”).


-arquia

pt-noun

-arquia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -arquias)

(politics) -archy (form of government or rule)


-tydig

From the verb tyde (to interpret, to imply).

used to form endings of some adjectives.


-ošs

Used to derive adjectival gerunds from verb stems (e.g., rakstīt (“to write”) -> rakstošs (“writing”).


acanta-

From New Latin acanthus, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos, “thorn plant”), from ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”).


-ometry

From the ending of words such as geometry; compare -o-, -metry.

Forming compound nouns describing "the action or process of measuring" something, frequently with corresponding nouns in -ometer.


ammonio-

(mineralogy) Forms the name of the ammonium analogue of a certain mineral.


adana-

From Ancient Greek ἀδήν (adḗn, “gland”).


-acz

Polish: -acz

Silesian: -ŏcz


-acz

-acz (nominative singular)
-acze (nominative plural)
-acza (genitive singular)
-aczy (genitive plural)
-aczowi (dative singular)
-aczom (dative plural)
-acz (accusative singular)
-acza (accusative singular)
-acze (accusative plural)
-aczy (accusative plural)
-aczem (instrumental singular)
-aczami (instrumental plural)
-aczu (locative singular)
-aczach (locative plural)
-aczu (singular vocative)
-acze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish -acz, from Proto-Slavic *-ačь.

badać + -acz → badacz

forms masculine nouns, usually personal, from verbs, usually from imperfect verbs. Corresponding to English -er


-yca

-yca (nominative singular)
-yce (nominative plural)
-ycy (genitive singular)
-yc (genitive plural)
-ycy (dative singular)
-ycom (dative plural)
-ycę (accusative singular)
-yce (accusative plural)
-ycą (instrumental singular)
-ycami (instrumental plural)
-ycy (locative singular)
-ycach (locative plural)
-yco (singular vocative)
-yce (plural vocative)

pieprz + -yca → pieprzyca

forms feminine nouns, especially pejoratives and augmentatives


-kini

-k- (stem)
-ka (first-person future present singular)
-ki (first-person preterite singular)
-kämi (first-person perfect singular)
-kad (future present second-person singular)
-kid (preterite second-person singular)
-kämid (perfect second-person singular)
-kä (present singular third-person)
-kas (future singular third-person)
-ki (preterite singular third-person)
-kämi (perfect singular third-person)
-kami (first-person future plural present)
-kimi (first-person plural preterite)
-kämmi (first-person perfect plural)
-kadi (future plural present second-person)
-kidi (plural preterite second-person)
-kämdi (perfect plural second-person)
-ka (plural present third-person)
-kazi (future plural third-person)
-ki (plural preterite third-person)
-kämi (perfect plural third-person)
-ki (singular)
-kini (infinitive perfect)
-kä (plural)
-kiman (gerund perfect)
-kiś (participle present)
-kan (imperfect participle)
-käm (participle perfect)
-kitäm (caritive participle)

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: -кыны (-kyny)

Komi-Yazva: -кинө (-kinå)

Komi-Zyrian: -кыны (-kyny)

Udmurt: -кыны (-kyny)


-boer

relating to how and where people live; dweller.


apa-

From Ancient Greek ἀπό- (apó-), from ἀπό (apó, “from, away from”, preposition), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“off, away”).


-త్వము

an affix like -tion, -ing, -ness, -ship, etc. in action, doing, signifying the act or state of


-లేని

An affix like '-less' signifying state or condition used in devoid of.


-vuohta

-vuohta (nominative singular)
-vuoda (nominative plural)
-vuodav (accusative singular)
-vuodajt (accusative plural)
-vuoda (genitive singular)
-vuodaj (genitive plural)
-vuohtaj (illative singular)
-vuodajda (illative plural)
-vuodan (inessive singular)
-vuodajn (inessive plural)
-vuodas (elative singular)
-vuodajs (elative plural)
-vuodajn (comitative singular)
-vuodaj (comitative plural)
-vuodadagá (abessive singular)
-vuodadagi (abessive singular)
-vuodajdagá (abessive plural)
-vuodajdagi (abessive plural)
-vuohtan (essive)
-vuohtam (first-person possessive singular)
-vuohtama (dual first-person possessive)
-vuohtama (first-person plural possessive)
-vuohtat (possessive second-person singular)
-vuohtada (dual possessive second-person)
-vuohtada (plural possessive second-person)
-vuohtas (possessive singular third-person)
-vuohtaska (dual possessive third-person)
-vuohtasa (plural possessive third-person)


-vuohta

-vuohta (nominative singular)
-vuođat (nominative plural)
-vuođa (accusative singular)
-vuođaid (accusative plural)
-vuođa (genitive singular)
-vuođaid (genitive plural)
-vūhtii (illative singular)
-vuođaide (illative plural)
-vuođas (locative singular)
-vuođain (locative plural)
-vuođain (comitative singular)
-vuođaiguin (comitative plural)
-vuohtan (essive)
-vuohtan (first-person possessive singular)
-vuohtame (dual first-person possessive)
-vuohtamet (first-person plural possessive)
-vuohtat (possessive second-person singular)
-vuohtade (dual possessive second-person)
-vuohtadet (plural possessive second-person)
-vuohtas (possessive singular third-person)
-vuohtaska (dual possessive third-person)
-vuohtaset (plural possessive third-person)

allat (“high”) + -vuohta → allatvuohta (“height”)

Forms nouns from adjectives, indicating the quality of the adjective.


-hit

-hit (infinitive)
-hiddje (participle present)
-ham (participle past)
-hav (first-person indicative present singular)
-hiv (first-person indicative past singular)
-ha (indicative present second-person singular)
-hi (indicative past second-person singular)
-ha (imperative second-person singular)
-j (indicative present singular third-person)
-hij (indicative past singular third-person)
-his (imperative singular third-person)
-hin (dual first-person indicative present)
-hijma (dual first-person indicative past)
-hinˈno (dual first-person imperative)
-hihppe (dual indicative present second-person)
-hijda (dual indicative past second-person)
-hihtte (dual imperative second-person)
-hibá (dual indicative present third-person)
-hijga (dual indicative past third-person)
-hiska (dual imperative third-person)
-hip (first-person indicative plural present)
-hijma (first-person indicative past plural)
-hip (first-person imperative plural)
-hihpit (indicative plural present second-person)
-hijda (indicative past plural second-person)
-hihtit (imperative plural second-person)
-hi (indicative plural present third-person)
-hin (indicative past plural third-person)
-hisá (imperative plural third-person)
-ha (connegative indicative past present)
-ha (connegative imperative)
-haluluv (conditional first-person singular)
-hittjav (first-person potential singular)
-halulu (conditional second-person singular)
-hittja (potential second-person singular)
-hu (optative second-person singular)
-haluluj (conditional singular third-person)
-hisj (potential singular third-person)
-hus (optative singular third-person)
-halulujma (conditional dual first-person)
-hittjin (dual first-person potential)
-hunˈno (dual first-person optative)
-halulujda (conditional dual second-person)
-hittjabihtte (dual potential second-person)
-huhtuda (dual optative second-person)
-halulujga (conditional dual third-person)
-hittjaba (dual potential third-person)
-huska (dual optative third-person)
-halulujma (conditional first-person plural)
-hittjap (first-person plural potential)
-hup (first-person optative plural)
-halulujda (conditional plural second-person)
-hittjabihtit (plural potential second-person)
-huhtut (optative plural second-person)
-halulun (conditional plural third-person)
-hittji (plural potential third-person)
-husá (optative plural third-person)
-halulu (conditional connegative)
-hittja (connegative potential)
-hu (connegative optative)

nievrre (“bad”) + -hit → nevrahit (“to consider bad”)

Forms verbs from adjectives indicating an opinion or consideration.


-hit

-ahttit (with-odd-syllable-stems)
-hit (infinitive)
-heapmi (noun-from-verb)
-headdji (participle present)
-heamen (inessive noun-from-verb)
-heame (inessive noun-from-verb)
-han (participle past)
-heamis (elative noun-from-verb)
-hēmiin (comitative noun-from-verb)
-tkeahttá (abessive)
-han (first-person indicative present singular)
-hin (first-person indicative past singular)
-hedjen (first-person indicative past singular)
-hēhkon (first-person imperative singular)
-hat (indicative present second-person singular)
-hit (indicative past second-person singular)
-hedjet (indicative past second-person singular)
-t (imperative second-person singular)
-ha (indicative present singular third-person)
-hii (indicative past singular third-person)
-hēhkos (imperative singular third-person)
-hus (imperative singular third-person)
-hetne (dual first-person indicative present)
-heimme (dual first-person indicative past)
-headnu (dual first-person imperative)
-heahppi (dual indicative present second-person)
-heidde (dual indicative past second-person)
-heahkki (dual imperative second-person)
-heaba (dual indicative present third-person)
-heigga (dual indicative past third-person)
-hēhkoska (dual imperative third-person)
-hit (first-person indicative plural present)
-hat (first-person indicative plural present)
-heimmet (first-person indicative past plural)
-hēhkot (first-person imperative plural)
-heatnot (first-person imperative plural)
-hēhpet (indicative plural present second-person)
-heiddet (indicative past plural second-person)
-hēhket (imperative plural second-person)
-hit (indicative plural present third-person)
-he (indicative past plural third-person)
-hedje (indicative past plural third-person)
-hēhkoset (imperative plural third-person)
-t (connegative indicative present)
-han (connegative indicative past)
-t (connegative imperative)
-hivččen (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
-heaččan (first-person potential singular)
-hivččet (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
-heaččat (potential second-person singular)
-hivččii (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
-heš (potential singular third-person)
-heaš (potential singular third-person)
-heažžá (potential singular third-person)
-hivččiime (conditional conditional-i dual first-person)
-hežže (dual first-person potential)
-hivččiide (conditional conditional-i dual second-person)
-heažžabeahtti (dual potential second-person)
-hivččiiga (conditional conditional-i dual third-person)
-heažžaba (dual potential third-person)
-hivččiimet (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
-heažžat (first-person plural potential)
-hivččiidet (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
-heažžabehtet (plural potential second-person)
-hivčče (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
-hežžet (plural potential third-person)
-hivčče (conditional conditional-i connegative)
-heš (connegative potential)
-heaš (connegative potential)
-heačča (connegative potential)

goarrut (“to sew”) + -hit → goaruhit (“to make sew”)

namma (“name”) + -hit → namahit (“to name”)

ođasmit (“to be renewed”) + -hit → ođasmahttit (“to renew”)


-dit

-dit (infinitive)
-deapmi (noun-from-verb)
-deaddji (participle present)
-deamen (inessive noun-from-verb)
-deame (inessive noun-from-verb)
-dan (participle past)
-deamis (elative noun-from-verb)
-dēmiin (comitative noun-from-verb)
-tkeahttá (abessive)
-dan (first-person indicative present singular)
-din (first-person indicative past singular)
-dedjen (first-person indicative past singular)
-dēhkon (first-person imperative singular)
-dat (indicative present second-person singular)
-dit (indicative past second-person singular)
-dedjet (indicative past second-person singular)
-t (imperative second-person singular)
-da (indicative present singular third-person)
-dii (indicative past singular third-person)
-dēhkos (imperative singular third-person)
-dus (imperative singular third-person)
-detne (dual first-person indicative present)
-deimme (dual first-person indicative past)
-deadnu (dual first-person imperative)
-deahppi (dual indicative present second-person)
-deidde (dual indicative past second-person)
-deahkki (dual imperative second-person)
-deaba (dual indicative present third-person)
-deigga (dual indicative past third-person)
-dēhkoska (dual imperative third-person)
-dit (first-person indicative plural present)
-dat (first-person indicative plural present)
-deimmet (first-person indicative past plural)
-dēhkot (first-person imperative plural)
-deatnot (first-person imperative plural)
-dēhpet (indicative plural present second-person)
-deiddet (indicative past plural second-person)
-dēhket (imperative plural second-person)
-dit (indicative plural present third-person)
-de (indicative past plural third-person)
-dedje (indicative past plural third-person)
-dēhkoset (imperative plural third-person)
-t (connegative indicative present)
-dan (connegative indicative past)
-t (connegative imperative)
-divččen (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
-deaččan (first-person potential singular)
-divččet (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
-deaččat (potential second-person singular)
-divččii (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
-deš (potential singular third-person)
-deaš (potential singular third-person)
-deažžá (potential singular third-person)
-divččiime (conditional conditional-i dual first-person)
-dežže (dual first-person potential)
-divččiide (conditional conditional-i dual second-person)
-deažžabeahtti (dual potential second-person)
-divččiiga (conditional conditional-i dual third-person)
-deažžaba (dual potential third-person)
-divččiimet (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
-deažžat (first-person plural potential)
-divččiidet (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
-deažžabehtet (plural potential second-person)
-divčče (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
-dežžet (plural potential third-person)
-divčče (conditional conditional-i connegative)
-deš (connegative potential)
-deaš (connegative potential)
-deačča (connegative potential)

From Proto-Samic *-tētēk, from Proto-Uralic *-ta-. Cognates include Finnish -taa.

nohkkat (“to fall asleep”) + -dit → nohkkadit (“to put to sleep”)

čolgat (“to spit”) + -dit → čolgadit (“to spit once”)


-dit

From Proto-Samic *-ntētēk. Cognate with Finnish -ntaa.

buorrẹ (“good”) + -dit → buoridit (“to make better”)


-dit

čuožžut (“to stand”) + -dit → čuččodit (“to be standing”)

lohkat (“to read”) + -dit → logadit (“to be reading”)

Forms verbs indicating an ongoing action.

oažžut (“to obtain”) + -dit → oččodit (“to try to obtain”)

rihpat (“to wrench”) + -dit → ribadit (“to try to wrench”)

Forms verbs indicating an attempt at something.


-muš

-muš (nominative singular)
-mušat (nominative plural)
-muša (accusative singular)
-mušaid (accusative plural)
-muša (genitive singular)
-mušaid (genitive plural)
-muššii (illative singular)
-mušaide (illative plural)
-mušas (locative singular)
-mušain (locative plural)
-mušain (comitative singular)
-mušaiguin (comitative plural)
-muššan (essive)
-muššan (first-person possessive singular)
-muššame (dual first-person possessive)
-muššamet (first-person plural possessive)
-muššat (possessive second-person singular)
-muššade (dual possessive second-person)
-muššadet (plural possessive second-person)
-muššas (possessive singular third-person)
-muššaska (dual possessive third-person)
-muššaset (plural possessive third-person)

borrat (“to eat”) + -muš → borramuš (“something to be eaten; food”)

Forms nouns from verbs, indicating something that is to have the verb performed on it.


-ttētēk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -htidh

Lule Sami: -dit

Northern Sami: -hit, -httit

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -ttiđ

Skolt Sami: -ted

From Proto-Uralic *-kta-. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-ttadak.

Forms causative verbs from nouns or other verbs.


-tētēk

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -dit

From Proto-Uralic *-ta-. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-tadak.


-ntëtēk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -didh

Lule Sami: -dit

Northern Sami: -dit


-lētēk

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -lit

Eastern Samic:

Skolt Sami: -led

Kildin Sami: -лэ (-le)


-stētēk

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -stit

Eastern Samic:

Kildin Sami: -сэ (-se)

From Proto-Uralic *-šta-. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-ahtadak (Finnish -ahtaa).


-stëtēk

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -stit

Eastern Samic:

Skolt Sami: -sted

Kildin Sami: -сэ (-se)

Forms verbs from nouns, indicating use of a tool.


-mē

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -n, -pmi

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -m

From Proto-Uralic *-ma. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-ma.


-ō

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -oe

Lule Sami: -o

Northern Sami: -u


-ō

-ō (nominative singular)
-an (nominative plural)
-an (accusative singular)
-an (accusative plural)
-ini (genitive singular)
-an (genitive singular)
-anō (genitive plural)
-ini (dative singular)
-an (dative singular)
-um (dative plural)
-ini (instrumental singular)
-an (instrumental singular)
-um (instrumental plural)

Old English: -a

Middle English: -e (fossilised)

Old Frisian: -a

Old Saxon: -o

Middle Low German: -e

Old Dutch: -o

Middle Dutch: -e

Old High German: -o

Middle High German: -e

German: -e (fossilised)


-ës

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -as

From Proto-Uralic *-eš. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-ëh.


-ës

From Proto-Indo-European *-ikʷyos, which is derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- see Armenian -իչ (-ičʻ)).


-jē

-jē (nominative singular)
-j̯ēk (nominative plural)
-j̯ēm (accusative singular)
-j̯ējtē (accusative plural)
-jētē (partitive singular)
-j̯ējtē (partitive plural)
-j̯ēn (genitive singular)
-j̯ēj (genitive plural)
-jēnē (essive singular)
-j̯ējnē (essive plural)
-j̯ēsnē (inessive singular)
-j̯ējnē (inessive plural)
-j̯ēstē (elative singular)
-j̯ējstē (elative plural)
-jās̯ën (illative singular)
-j̯ējnē (comitative singular)
-j̯ējnë (comitative singular)
-j̯ēptāk̯ëk (abessive singular)
-jē (nominative singular)
-j̯ēk (nominative plural)
-j̯ēm (accusative singular)
-j̯ijtē (accusative plural)
-jētē (partitive singular)
-j̯ijtē (partitive plural)
-j̯ēn (genitive singular)
-j̯ij (genitive plural)
-jēnē (essive singular)
-j̯ijnē (essive plural)
-j̯ēsnē (inessive singular)
-j̯ijnē (inessive plural)
-j̯ēstē (elative singular)
-j̯ijstē (elative plural)
-jās̯ën (illative singular)
-j̯ijnē (comitative singular)
-j̯ijnë (comitative singular)
-j̯ēptāk̯ëk (abessive singular)

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -je, -æjja

Ume Sami: -je

Pite Sami: -(d)äddje

Lule Sami: -e, -iddje

Northern Sami: -i, -eaddji

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -ee, -eijee

Skolt Sami: -i, -ei

Kildin Sami: -эй (-ej)

Akkala Sami:

Ter Sami:

From Proto-Uralic *-ja (participle ending). Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-ja.


-ëk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -ege

Lule Sami: -a

Northern Sami: -a, -at

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -â

Kildin Sami: -э (-e)


-ëk

-ëk / *-ek (canonical)
-ëk (nominative singular)
-ëgët (nominative plural)
-ëgën (accusative singular)
-ëgët (accusative plural)
-ëgën (genitive singular)
-ëgëdën (genitive plural)
-ëgidën (genitive plural)
-ëgëta (partitive singular)
-ëgita (partitive plural)
-ëgëssa (inessive singular)
-ëgëhna (inessive singular)
-ëgissa (inessive plural)
-ëgihna (inessive plural)
-ëgësta (elative singular)
-ëgista (elative plural)
-ëgësën (illative singular)
-ëgisën (illative plural)
-ëgëlla (adessive singular)
-ëgilla (adessive plural)
-ëgëlta (ablative singular)
-ëgilta (ablative plural)
-ëgëlën (allative singular)
-ëgëlëk (allative singular)
-ëgilën (allative plural)
-ëgilëk (allative plural)
-ëgëna (essive singular)
-ëgina (essive plural)
-ëgëksi (singular translative)
-ëgiksi (plural translative)
-ëgën (instructive singular)
-ëgin (instructive plural)
-ëgënëk (comitative singular)
-ëginëk (comitative plural)
-ëgëtta (abessive singular)
-ëgitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: -e

Finnish: -e

Ingrian: -e

Karelian: -e

Veps: -e, -eg

Võro: -e/-õ

Votic: -e/-õ


-ëk

bal + -ëk → balëk


-ltëk

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -ldat

Forms instrument/result nouns from verbs.


-ōksë

Western Samic:

Pite Sami: -os

Lule Sami: -os

Northern Sami: -us

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -us

Skolt Sami: -as

From Proto-Uralic *-okse. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-os.

Forms nouns from verbs, indicating something the verb is to be performed on.

Forms nouns from verbs, indicating the result of having the verb performed.


-ttëk

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -hat

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -dâh

Forms nouns from verbs, indicating a place where the verb performed.


-ńčë

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -tje, -dtje

Ume Sami: -tj

Pite Sami: -tj

Lule Sami: -sj

Northern Sami: -š

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -š

Skolt Sami: -ž

Kildin Sami: -нч (-nč)

Akkala Sami:

Ter Sami: -n’č


-ntë

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -de

Lule Sami: -t

Northern Sami: -t

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -d

From Proto-Uralic *-mte. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *-nci, Hungarian -d.

Forms ordinal adjectives from cardinal numbers.


-lës

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -las

Forms adjectives from verbs, indicating an inclination to perform the verb.


-ŋë

Forms adjectives from nouns, indicating an abundance of something.


-mpē

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -be, -åbpoe

Northern Sami: -t, -it, -eabbo

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -b

Kildin Sami: -мп (-mp), -∅

From Proto-Uralic *-mpa. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *-mpi.


-elk

From Old Frisian -līk, from Proto-West Germanic *-līk. Cognates include West Frisian -lyk and German -lich.

Used to form adjectives denoting a state of having the nature of the suffixed noun; -ly

Used to form adjectives denoting a state of having the appearance of the suffixed noun; -ly


-dum

From Old Frisian -dōm, from Proto-Germanic *-dōmaz, from *dōmaz. More at English -dom.

A suffix used to derive abstract nouns: -dom.


పరి-

A prefix used to denote around; full, fully, greatly, completely.


పూ-

Combining form and stem of పూవు (pūvu, “flower”).


-saur

From Ancient Greek σαῦρος (saûros, “lizard, reptile”) or σαύρα (saúra).

bor

Used in the common names of extinct reptilian creatures such as dinosaurs


-ío

es-noun

-ío m (noun-forming suffix, plural -íos)

mujer (“woman”) + -ío → mujerío (“womanfolk”)

gente (“people”) + -ío → gentío (“throng, crowd”)

poder (“power”) + -ío → poderío (“power”)

forms collectives or with intensive meaning


vetero-

From Latin vetus (“old”) (genitive veteris).

original or old-fashioned (used, especially, in a religious or political context)


aristo-

From Ancient Greek ἄριστος (áristos, “best”).

e.g. aristocide, aristocracy


aristo-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἄριστος (áristos, “best”).


-ami

From Latin -āmen. Compare Italian -ame. Cf. also -imi and Romanian -ime.

used to form collective nouns from simple nouns; used to express a multitude, crowd of, or the whole of something


-ime

it-noun

-ime f (noun-forming suffix, plural -imi)

beccare (“to peck”) + -ime → becchime (“birdseed”)

mangiare (“to eat”) + -ime → mangime (“fodder”)

used to create concrete collective nouns


-ime

-imi (plural)
-ime (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
-imea (accusative definite nominative singular)
-imi (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
-imile (accusative definite nominative plural)
-imi (indefinite singular)
-imii (definite singular)
-imilor (definite plural)
-ime (singular vocative)
-imeo (singular vocative)
-imilor (vocative)

Inherited from Latin -imen. Compare also Aromanian -imi.

from adjectives forms nouns denoting quality or state of. -ness, -ity, -hood, -ship, -dom

țăran (“peasant”) + -ime → țărănime (“peasantry”)

forms collective nouns, often indicating a multitude or totality of. -ry (class or group, collection of)

opt (“eight”) + -ime → optime (“eighth”)

from numerals forms nouns meaning a part of a fraction. -th


-eț

ro-adj

-eț m or n (feminine singular -eață, masculine plural -eți, feminine and neuter plural -ețe)

-eață (feminine singular)
-eți (masculine plural)
-ețe (feminine neuter plural)
-eț (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
-eață (feminine indefinite singular)
-eți (indefinite masculine singular)
-ețe (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
-ețul (definite masculine neuter singular)
-eața (definite feminine singular)
-eții (definite masculine singular)
-ețele (definite feminine neuter plural)
-ețe (feminine indefinite singular)
-ețului (definite masculine neuter singular)
-eței (definite feminine singular)
-eților (definite masculine singular)
-ețelor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Inherited from Latin -icius ~ -itius (cf. Romanian -eață < Latin -itia). Its occasional use to form nouns may have originated with adjectives that were later substantivized/nominalized over time.

used to form adjectives from nouns or verbs denoting propensity or likeness, being inclined toward, or having the quality of (e.g. orb > orbeț, pădure (“woods, forest”) > pădureț (“wild”), îndrăzni (“to dare, venture”) > îndrăzneț (“bold, daring, courageous”), lume (“world, people”) > lumeț (“social; liking people; cheerful, chirpy”)); may be roughly compared to -y or -ish in some cases; see also -ăreț, with a similar function

used to form nouns relating to another noun or action (e.g. drum (“road”) > drumeț (“voyager, traveler, hiker”))

used to form diminutives of some nouns (e.g. pod (“bridge”) > podeț (“footbridge”))


afana-

From Ancient Greek ἀφανής (aphanḗs, “unseen”).


dom-

head

dom- (class B & C infixed pronoun, triggers lenition)

L means this form triggers lenition.N means this form triggers nasalization(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others.


-ăreț

ro-adj

-ăreț m or n (feminine singular -ăreață, masculine plural -ăreți, feminine and neuter plural -ărețe)

-ăreață (feminine singular)
-ăreți (masculine plural)
-ărețe (feminine neuter plural)
-ăreț (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
-ăreață (feminine indefinite singular)
-ăreți (indefinite masculine singular)
-ărețe (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
-ărețul (definite masculine neuter singular)
-ăreața (definite feminine singular)
-ăreții (definite masculine singular)
-ărețele (definite feminine neuter plural)
-ărețe (feminine indefinite singular)
-ărețului (definite masculine neuter singular)
-ăreței (definite feminine singular)
-ăreților (definite masculine singular)
-ărețelor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Inherited from Late Latin -āricius. Once created only nouns in older Romanian, some of which became adjectives over time.

Forms nouns or adjectives indicating propensity or likeness, being inclined toward, or having the quality of; can be roughly comparable to English -y or -ish in some cases; see also -eț, with a similar function


-icios

-icios m or n (feminine singular -icioasă, masculine plural -icioși, feminine and neuter plural -icioase)

-icioasă (feminine singular)
-icioși (masculine plural)
-icioase (feminine neuter plural)
-icios (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
-icioasă (feminine indefinite singular)
-icioși (indefinite masculine singular)
-icioase (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
-iciosul (definite masculine neuter singular)
-icioasa (definite feminine singular)
-icioșii (definite masculine singular)
-icioasele (definite feminine neuter plural)
-icioase (feminine indefinite singular)
-iciosului (definite masculine neuter singular)
-icioasei (definite feminine singular)
-icioșilor (definite masculine singular)
-icioaselor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Inherited from Latin -itiōsus; cf. -ōsus.

Adjectival suffix roughly equivalent to -ous or -ish.


-ašit

-ašit (infinitive)
-ašeapmi (noun-from-verb)
-ašeaddji (participle present)
-ašeamen (inessive noun-from-verb)
-ašeame (inessive noun-from-verb)
-ašan (participle past)
-ašeamis (elative noun-from-verb)
-ašēmiin (comitative noun-from-verb)
-aškeahttá (abessive)
-ašan (first-person indicative present singular)
-ašin (first-person indicative past singular)
-ašedjen (first-person indicative past singular)
-ašēhkon (first-person imperative singular)
-ašat (indicative present second-person singular)
-ašit (indicative past second-person singular)
-ašedjet (indicative past second-person singular)
-aš (imperative second-person singular)
-aša (indicative present singular third-person)
-ašii (indicative past singular third-person)
-ašēhkos (imperative singular third-person)
-ašus (imperative singular third-person)
-ašetne (dual first-person indicative present)
-ašeimme (dual first-person indicative past)
-ašeadnu (dual first-person imperative)
-ašeahppi (dual indicative present second-person)
-ašeidde (dual indicative past second-person)
-ašeahkki (dual imperative second-person)
-ašeaba (dual indicative present third-person)
-ašeigga (dual indicative past third-person)
-ašēhkoska (dual imperative third-person)
-ašit (first-person indicative plural present)
-ašat (first-person indicative plural present)
-ašeimmet (first-person indicative past plural)
-ašēhkot (first-person imperative plural)
-ašeatnot (first-person imperative plural)
-ašēhpet (indicative plural present second-person)
-ašeiddet (indicative past plural second-person)
-ašēhket (imperative plural second-person)
-ašit (indicative plural present third-person)
-aše (indicative past plural third-person)
-ašedje (indicative past plural third-person)
-ašēhkoset (imperative plural third-person)
-aš (connegative indicative present)
-ašan (connegative indicative past)
-aš (connegative imperative)
-ašivččen (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
-ašeaččan (first-person potential singular)
-ašivččet (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
-ašeaččat (potential second-person singular)
-ašivččii (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
-ašeš (potential singular third-person)
-ašeaš (potential singular third-person)
-ašeažžá (potential singular third-person)
-ašivččiime (conditional conditional-i dual first-person)
-ašežže (dual first-person potential)
-ašivččiide (conditional conditional-i dual second-person)
-ašeažžabeahtti (dual potential second-person)
-ašivččiiga (conditional conditional-i dual third-person)
-ašeažžaba (dual potential third-person)
-ašivččiimet (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
-ašeažžat (first-person plural potential)
-ašivččiidet (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
-ašeažžabehtet (plural potential second-person)
-ašivčče (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
-ašežžet (plural potential third-person)
-ašivčče (conditional conditional-i connegative)
-ašeš (connegative potential)
-ašeaš (connegative potential)
-ašeačča (connegative potential)

geassit (“to pull”) + -ašit → geasašit (“to pull leasurely”)

Forms verbs indicating a repeated, leasurely activity.


-ëččëtēk

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: -ašit

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -âččiđ


-goahtit

head

-goahtit (with odd-syllable stems -išgoahtit)

-išgoahtit (with-odd-syllable-stems)
-goahtit (infinitive)
-goahtin (noun-from-verb)
-goahtti (participle present)
-goahtimin (inessive noun-from-verb)
-goahtime (inessive noun-from-verb)
-goahtán (participle past)
-goahtimis (elative noun-from-verb)
-goahtimiin (comitative noun-from-verb)
-goađẹkeahttá (abessive)
-goađán (first-person indicative present singular)
-gōhten (first-person indicative past singular)
-gōhton (first-person imperative singular)
-goađát (indicative present second-person singular)
-gōhtet (indicative past second-person singular)
-goađẹ (imperative second-person singular)
-goahtá (indicative present singular third-person)
-gōđii (indicative past singular third-person)
-gōhtos (imperative singular third-person)
-gōhte (dual first-person indicative present)
-gōđiime (dual first-person indicative past)
-goahttu (dual first-person imperative)
-goahtibeahtti (dual indicative present second-person)
-gōđiide (dual indicative past second-person)
-goahtti (dual imperative second-person)
-goahtiba (dual indicative present third-person)
-gōđiiga (dual indicative past third-person)
-gōhtoska (dual imperative third-person)
-goahtit (first-person indicative plural present)
-gōđiimet (first-person indicative past plural)
-gōhtot (first-person imperative plural)
-goahttut (first-person imperative plural)
-goahtibēhtet (indicative plural present second-person)
-gōđiidet (indicative past plural second-person)
-gōhtet (imperative plural second-person)
-goahttit (imperative plural second-person)
-gōhtet (indicative plural present third-person)
-gōhte (indicative past plural third-person)
-gōhtoset (imperative plural third-person)
-goađẹ (connegative indicative present)
-goahtán (connegative indicative past)
-goađẹ (connegative imperative)
-goađášin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
-goađášedjen (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
-goađálin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
-goađáledjen (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
-gōđežan (first-person potential singular)
-goađášit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
-goađášedjet (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
-goađálit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
-goađáledjet (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
-gōđežat (potential second-person singular)
-goađášii (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
-goađálii (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
-gōđeža (potential singular third-person)
-gōđeš (potential singular third-person)
-goađášeimme (conditional conditional-i dual first-person)
-goađáleimme (conditional conditional-ii dual first-person)
-gōđežetne (dual first-person potential)
-goađášeidde (conditional conditional-i dual second-person)
-goađáleidde (conditional conditional-ii dual second-person)
-gōđežeahppi (dual potential second-person)
-goađášeigga (conditional conditional-i dual third-person)
-goađáleigga (conditional conditional-ii dual third-person)
-gōđežeaba (dual potential third-person)
-goađášeimmet (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
-goađáleimmet (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
-gōđežit (first-person plural potential)
-gōđežat (first-person plural potential)
-goađášeiddet (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
-goađáleiddet (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
-gōđežēhpet (plural potential second-person)
-goađáše (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
-goađášedje (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
-goađále (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
-goađáledje (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
-gōđežit (plural potential third-person)
-goađáše (conditional conditional-i connegative)
-goađále (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
-gōđeš (connegative potential)

lohkat (“to read”) + -goahtit → lohkagoahtit (“to begin to read”)

mannat (“to go”) + -goahtit → mannagoahtit (“to begin to go”)

Forms inchoative verbs, indicating the beginning of an action.


-koatētēk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -gåetedh

Ume Sami: -gåhtiet

Pite Sami: -gåhtet

Lule Sami: -goahtet

Northern Sami: -goahtit

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -gyettiđ, -guáttiđ

Skolt Sami: -vueʹtted, -ǥueʹtted

desc

Kildin Sami: -куэдтӭ (-kuedt’e), -гуэдтӭ (-guedt’e), -шкуэдтӭ (-škuedt’e)

Akkala Sami: [script needed] (-škoᵢtte-)

Ter Sami: -gïedted

Creates inchoative verbs, indicating the beginning of an action.


anta-

From Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).


-τύς

grc-noun

-τῡ́ς • (-tū́s) m (genitive -τῠ́ος); third declension

-τῡ́ς (canonical)
-tū́s (romanization)
-τῠ́ος (genitive)
ὁ -τῡ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ -τῠ́ε (dual nominative)
οἱ -τῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τοῦ -τῠ́ος (genitive singular)
τοῖν -τῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν -τῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ -τῠ́ῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν -τῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς -τῠ́σῐ (dative plural)
-τῠ́σῐν (dative plural)
toîs -tŭ́sĭ (dative plural)
toîs -tŭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὸν -τῡ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ -τῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τοὺς -τῦς (accusative plural)
-τῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
-τῡ́ (singular vocative)
-τῠ́ε (dual vocative)
-τῠ́ες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots). Cognate with Latin -tus, as in habitus (“demeanor”).


-z-

dorëzoj = dorë + -z- + -oj

a consonant that sometimes appears as a ligature between the elements of a compound word


-z-

jacaré + -z- + -inho → jacarezinho

coração + -z- + -inho → coraçãozinho

dendê + -z- + -eiro → dendezeiro

used when an entire word, rather than the word's stem, is connected to a suffix that begins with a vowel


-eder

From Ancient Greek ἕδρα (hédra, “face of a geometrical solid”).


-muo

-muõ (canonical stress-pattern-3)
-muõ (nominative singular)
-menys (nominative plural)
-meñs (genitive singular)
-menų̃ (genitive plural)
-meniui (dative singular)
-menìms (dative plural)
-menį (accusative singular)
-menis (accusative plural)
-meniu (instrumental singular)
-menimìs (instrumental plural)
-menyjè (locative singular)
-menysè (locative plural)
-meniẽ (singular vocative)
-menys (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-mō, *-men-; compare Latvian -mens, Old Prussian -men, Proto-Slavic *-mę. From Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥, *-men-, a neuter nominalising suffix. Cognates include Latin -men, Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă), Old Armenian -ումն (-umn).

dė́ti (“put”) → dėmuõ (“component”)

kéisti (“change”) → kaitmuõ (“inflection”)

matúoti (“measure”) → matmuõ (“dimension”)

vaidìnti (“act”) → vaidmuõ (“role, part”)

(largely unproductive) Forms singularizing nouns from verbs.


myrio-

From French myrio-, ultimately from Ancient Greek μυρίος (muríos, “ten thousand”).

uder

And yet if this Number be not thought large enough, let all these (saith he) be called the First Period; and this Unit, an Unit of the first Numbers of the second Period; and (after so many places more) an Unit of the first Numbers (or Classis) of the third Period; and so onward to a Myriad of Myriads of such Periods: The last Unit of which, that is, one Myriad of Myriads, of the Myrio-myresimal Classes, of such Myrio-myresimal Period, answers (in our Notation) to 1 followed by 8, 0000, 0000, 0000, 0000, Ciphers: That is, 1 with Eight Myriads of Myriads of Myriads of Myriads of Ciphers.

1685, John Wallis, A Proposal about Printing a Treatise of Algebra, Historical and Practical, page 16:

10 kiloliters = 1 myrioliter.

1889, Le Roy Clark Cooley, The New Text-book of Chemistry: For Use in High Schools and Academies:

The myriogram equals 22.046 lbs. avoirdupois.


ενδο-

ενδο- (endo-) + χώρα (chóra, “land”) → ενδοχώρα (endochóra, “hinterland”)