-ество

head

-ество or -ество́ • (-estvo or -estvó) n

-ество (canonical)
-ество ́ (canonical)
-estvo (romanization)
-estvó (romanization)
-ество (nominative singular)
-ество́ (nominative singular)
-ества (nominative plural)
-ества́ (nominative plural)
-ества (genitive singular)
-ества́ (genitive singular)
-еств (genitive plural)
-е́ств (genitive plural)
-еству (dative singular)
-еству́ (dative singular)
-ествам (dative plural)
-ества́м (dative plural)
-ество (accusative singular)
-ество́ (accusative singular)
-ества (accusative plural)
-ества́ (accusative plural)
-еством (instrumental singular)
-ество́м (instrumental singular)
-ествами (instrumental plural)
-ества́ми (instrumental plural)
-естве (prepositional singular)
-естве́ (prepositional singular)
-ествах (plural prepositional)
-ества́х (plural prepositional)
-ество (dated nominative singular)
-ество́ (dated nominative singular)
-ества (dated nominative plural)
-ества́ (dated nominative plural)
-ества (dated genitive singular)
-ества́ (dated genitive singular)
-ествъ (dated genitive plural)
-е́ствъ (dated genitive plural)
-еству (dated dative singular)
-еству́ (dated dative singular)
-ествамъ (dated dative plural)
-ества́мъ (dated dative plural)
-ество (accusative dated singular)
-ество́ (accusative dated singular)
-ества (accusative dated plural)
-ества́ (accusative dated plural)
-ествомъ (dated instrumental singular)
-ество́мъ (dated instrumental singular)
-ествами (dated instrumental plural)
-ества́ми (dated instrumental plural)
-ествѣ (dated prepositional singular)
-ествѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
-ествахъ (dated plural prepositional)
-ества́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

мона́х (monáx, “monk”) + -ество (-estvo) → мона́шество (monášestvo, “monkhood, monasticism”)

одино́кий (odinókij, “lonely, solitary”) + -ество (-estvo) → одино́чество (odinóčestvo, “loneliness, solitude”)

мно́го (mnógo, “many”) + -ество (-estvo) → мно́жество (mnóžestvo, “multitude”)

деви́ца (devíca, “girl”) + -ество (-estvo) → деви́чество (devíčestvo, “girlhood”)

князь (knjazʹ, “duke”) + -ество (-estvo) → кня́жество (knjážestvo, “duchy”)

вещь (veščʹ, “thing”) + -ество́ (-estvó) → вещество́ (veščestvó, “substance, matter”)

бо́жий (bóžij, “divine”) + -ество́ (-estvó) → божество́ (božestvó, “deity, divinity”)

пра́здный (prázdnyj, “idle”) + -ество (-estvo) → пра́зднество (prázdnestvo, “festivity, celebration”) (originally "idleness")

есть (jestʹ, “there is”) + -ество́ (-estvó) → естество́ (jestestvó, “nature, essence”)

suffix appended to nouns and adjectives to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or state: -hood, -ness, -ity


-шество

-шество or -шество́ • (-šestvo or -šestvó) n

-шество (canonical)
-шество ́ (canonical)
-šestvo (romanization)
-šestvó (romanization)
-шество (nominative singular)
-шество́ (nominative singular)
-шества (nominative plural)
-шества́ (nominative plural)
-шества (genitive singular)
-шества́ (genitive singular)
-шеств (genitive plural)
-ше́ств (genitive plural)
-шеству (dative singular)
-шеству́ (dative singular)
-шествам (dative plural)
-шества́м (dative plural)
-шество (accusative singular)
-шество́ (accusative singular)
-шества (accusative plural)
-шества́ (accusative plural)
-шеством (instrumental singular)
-шество́м (instrumental singular)
-шествами (instrumental plural)
-шества́ми (instrumental plural)
-шестве (prepositional singular)
-шестве́ (prepositional singular)
-шествах (plural prepositional)
-шества́х (plural prepositional)
-шество (dated nominative singular)
-шество́ (dated nominative singular)
-шества (dated nominative plural)
-шества́ (dated nominative plural)
-шества (dated genitive singular)
-шества́ (dated genitive singular)
-шествъ (dated genitive plural)
-ше́ствъ (dated genitive plural)
-шеству (dated dative singular)
-шеству́ (dated dative singular)
-шествамъ (dated dative plural)
-шества́мъ (dated dative plural)
-шество (accusative dated singular)
-шество́ (accusative dated singular)
-шества (accusative dated plural)
-шества́ (accusative dated plural)
-шествомъ (dated instrumental singular)
-шество́мъ (dated instrumental singular)
-шествами (dated instrumental plural)
-шества́ми (dated instrumental plural)
-шествѣ (dated prepositional singular)
-шествѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
-шествахъ (dated plural prepositional)
-шества́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

Rebracketed from Proto-Slavic *-ьstvo following roots ending in х and ш.

но́вый (nóvyj, “new”) + -шество (-šestvo) → но́вшество (nóvšestvo, “innovation, novelty”)

пир (pir, “feast, banquet”) + -шество (-šestvo) → пи́ршество (píršestvo, “revelry”)

Alternative form of -ство (-stvo): -hood, -ness, -ity


-ować

Polish: -ować


-ować

-ować (infinitive)
-uję (present singular)
-ujemy (plural present)
-ujesz (present singular)
-ujecie (plural present)
-uje (present singular third-person)
-ują (plural present third-person)
-uje się (impersonal present)
-owałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m -ował (masculine past singular)
-owałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m -owała (feminine past singular)
-owałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m -owało (neuter past singular)
-owaliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy -owali (past plural virile)
-owałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy -owały (nonvirile past plural)
-owałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś -ował (masculine past singular)
-owałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś -owała (feminine past singular)
-owałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś -owało (neuter past singular)
-owaliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście -owali (past plural virile)
-owałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście -owały (nonvirile past plural)
-ował (masculine past singular third-person)
-owała (feminine past singular third-person)
-owało (neuter past singular third-person)
-owali (past plural third-person virile)
-owały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
-owano (impersonal past)
będę -ował (future masculine singular)
będę -ować (future masculine singular)
będę -owała (feminine future singular)
będę -ować (feminine future singular)
będę -owało (future neuter singular)
będę -ować (future neuter singular)
będziemy -owali (future plural virile)
będziemy -ować (future plural virile)
będziemy -owały (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy -ować (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz -ował (future masculine singular)
będziesz -ować (future masculine singular)
będziesz -owała (feminine future singular)
będziesz -ować (feminine future singular)
będziesz -owało (future neuter singular)
będziesz -ować (future neuter singular)
będziecie -owali (future plural virile)
będziecie -ować (future plural virile)
będziecie -owały (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie -ować (future nonvirile plural)
będzie -ował (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie -ować (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie -owała (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie -ować (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie -owało (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie -ować (future neuter singular third-person)
będą -owali (future plural third-person virile)
będą -ować (future plural third-person virile)
będą -owały (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą -ować (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie -ować się (future impersonal)
-owałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym -ował (conditional masculine singular)
-owałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym -owała (conditional feminine singular)
-owałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym -owało (conditional neuter singular)
-owalibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy -owali (conditional plural virile)
-owałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy -owały (conditional nonvirile plural)
-owałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś -ował (conditional masculine singular)
-owałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś -owała (conditional feminine singular)
-owałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś -owało (conditional neuter singular)
-owalibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście -owali (conditional plural virile)
-owałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście -owały (conditional nonvirile plural)
-owałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by -ował (conditional masculine singular third-person)
-owałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by -owała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
-owałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by -owało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
-owaliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by -owali (conditional plural third-person virile)
-owałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by -owały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
-owano by (conditional impersonal)
niech -uję (imperative singular)
-ujmy (imperative plural)
-uj (imperative singular)
-ujcie (imperative plural)
niech -uje (imperative singular third-person)
niech -ują (imperative plural third-person)
-ujący (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
-ująca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
-ujące (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
-ujący (active adjectival participle plural virile)
-ujące (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
-ując (adjectival contemporary participle)
-owanie (noun-from-verb)

Inherited from Old Polish -ować, from Proto-Slavic *-ovati.

praca + -ować → pracować

forms imperfective verbs from nouns and adjectives, as well as loanwords


-ować

-ować (infinitive)
-ujo (transgressive)
-ujcy (transgressive)
-uju (first-person present singular)
-ujemoj (dual first-person present)
-ujemy (first-person plural present)
-uješ (present second-person singular)
-ujetaj (dual present second-person virile)
-ujetej (dual nonvirile present second-person)
-ujeće (plural present second-person)
-uje (present singular third-person)
-ujetaj (dual present third-person virile)
-ujetej (dual nonvirile present third-person)
-uja (plural present third-person)
-owach (first-person past singular)
-owachmoj (dual first-person past)
-owachmy (first-person past plural)
-owaše (past second-person singular)
-owaštaj (dual past second-person virile)
-owaštej (dual nonvirile past second-person)
-owašće (past plural second-person)
-owaše (past singular third-person)
-owaštaj (dual past third-person virile)
-owaštej (dual nonvirile past third-person)
-owachu (past plural third-person)
-ujmoj (dual first-person imperative)
-ujmy (first-person imperative plural)
-uj (imperative second-person singular)
-ujtaj (dual imperative second-person virile)
-ujtej (dual imperative nonvirile second-person)
-ujće (imperative plural second-person)
-uj (imperative singular third-person)
-owacy (active participle)
-ował
-owanje (noun-from-verb)

abort + -ować → abortować

Forms imperfect verbs from nouns and adjectives, as well as borrowed words.


-phorus

-phorus m (feminine -phora, neuter -phorum)

From Ancient Greek -φόρος (-phóros), from φέρω (phérō, “to bear”).

Used to form nouns naming organisms that seem to bear something suggesting what is named by a preceding word element such as a prefix


-phob

Borrowed from Latin -phobus, from Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos).


-ciel

-ciel (nominative singular)
-ciele (nominative plural)
-cielowie (nominative plural)
-ciela (genitive singular)
-cieli (genitive plural)
-cielów (genitive plural)
-cielowi (dative singular)
-cielom (dative plural)
-ciela (accusative singular)
-cieli (accusative plural)
-cielów (accusative plural)
-cielem (instrumental singular)
-cielami (instrumental plural)
-cielu (locative singular)
-cielach (locative plural)
-cielu (singular vocative)
-ciele (plural vocative)
-cielowie (plural vocative)
-ciel (nominative singular)
-ciele (nominative plural)
-ciela (genitive singular)
-cieli (genitive plural)
-cielowi (dative singular)
-cielom (dative plural)
-ciela (accusative singular)
-ciele (accusative plural)
-cielem (instrumental singular)
-cielami (instrumental plural)
-cielu (locative singular)
-cielach (locative plural)
-cielu (singular vocative)
-ciele (plural vocative)
-ciel (nominative singular)
-ciele (nominative plural)
-cielu (genitive singular)
-cieli (genitive plural)
-cielowi (dative singular)
-cielom (dative plural)
-ciel (accusative singular)
-ciele (accusative plural)
-cielem (instrumental singular)
-cielami (instrumental plural)
-cielu (locative singular)
-cielach (locative plural)
-cielu (singular vocative)
-ciele (plural vocative)

przedstawiać + -ciel → przedstawiciel


-няк

-ня́к (canonical)
-nják (romanization)
-ня́к (nominative singular)
-няки́ (nominative plural)
-няка́ (genitive singular)
-няко́в (genitive plural)
-няку́ (dative singular)
-няка́м (dative plural)
-няка́ (accusative animate singular)
-няко́в (accusative animate plural)
-ня́к (accusative inanimate singular)
-няки́ (accusative inanimate plural)
-няко́м (instrumental singular)
-няка́ми (instrumental plural)
-няке́ (prepositional singular)
-няка́х (plural prepositional)

Rebracketed from -я́к (-ják) following adjectives ending in -ный (-nyj); compare горня́к (gornják, “miner”) from го́рный (górnyj, “mining (relational)”).

середа́ (seredá, “middle”) + -ня́к (-nják) → середня́к (serednják, “peasant of moderate means (Soviet Union)”)

молодо́й (molodój, “young”) + -ня́к (-nják) → молодня́к (molodnják, “young animals, saplings, youngsters (collective)”)

и́звесть (ízvestʹ, “lime”) + -ня́к (-nják) → известня́к (izvestnják, “limestone”)

берёза (berjóza, “birch”) + -ня́к (-nják) → березня́к (bereznják, “birch forest”)

suffix usually denoting a person with a given characteristic, or forming inanimate nouns of various meanings; often of a colloquial nature


-ивый

-и́вый (canonical)
-ивый (canonical)
-ívyj (romanization)
-ivyj (romanization)
-и́вый (masculine nominative)
-ивый (masculine nominative)
-и́вое (neuter nominative)
-ивое (neuter nominative)
-и́вая (feminine nominative)
-ивая (feminine nominative)
-и́вые (nominative plural)
-ивые (nominative plural)
-и́вого (genitive masculine neuter)
-ивого (genitive masculine neuter)
-и́вой (feminine genitive)
-ивой (feminine genitive)
-и́вых (genitive plural)
-ивых (genitive plural)
-и́вому (dative masculine neuter)
-ивому (dative masculine neuter)
-и́вой (dative feminine)
-ивой (dative feminine)
-и́вым (dative plural)
-ивым (dative plural)
-и́вого (accusative animate masculine)
-ивого (accusative animate masculine)
-и́вое (accusative neuter)
-ивое (accusative neuter)
-и́вую (accusative feminine)
-ивую (accusative feminine)
-и́вых (accusative animate plural)
-ивых (accusative animate plural)
-и́вый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ивый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-и́вые (accusative inanimate plural)
-ивые (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́вым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ивым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-и́вой (feminine instrumental)
-и́вою (feminine instrumental)
-ивой (feminine instrumental)
-ивою (feminine instrumental)
-и́выми (instrumental plural)
-ивыми (instrumental plural)
-и́вом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ивом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-и́вой (feminine prepositional)
-ивой (feminine prepositional)
-и́вых (plural prepositional)
-ивых (plural prepositional)
-и́в (masculine short-form)
-ив (masculine short-form)
-и́во (neuter short-form)
-иво (neuter short-form)
-и́ва (feminine short-form)
-ива (feminine short-form)
-и́вы (plural short-form)
-ивы (plural short-form)

ru-decl-adj

-и́вый,-ивый

краса́ (krasá, “beauty”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → краси́вый (krasívyj, “beautiful”)

пра́вда (právda, “truth”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → правди́вый (pravdívyj, “truthful”)

ложь (ložʹ, “lie”) or лгать (lgatʹ, “to lie”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → лжи́вый (lžívyj, “lying, false”)

льстить (lʹstitʹ, “to flatter”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → льсти́вый (lʹstívyj, “flattering”)

игра́ть (igrátʹ, “to play”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → игри́вый (igrívyj, “playful”)

ми́лость (mílostʹ, “mercy”) + -ивый (-ivyj) → ми́лостивый (mílostivyj, “merciful (dated)”)

ре́вн(ость) (révn(ostʹ), “jealousy”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → ревни́вый (revnívyj, “jealous”)

вошь (vošʹ, “louse”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → вши́вый (všívyj, “lousy”)

плешь (plešʹ, “bald spot”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → плеши́вый (plešívyj, “bald”)

-y, -ous, etc. (Used to form adjectives from nouns and verbs, with the meaning "having the characteristic of X".)


ὑδρο-

υδρο- υδρο-#Greek


-ᕗᑦ

we (non-specific plural verb suffix); becomes -ᐳᑦ after consonant


vinescent

en-adj

vinescent (comparative more vinescent, superlative most vinescent)

more vinescent (comparative)
most vinescent (superlative)

7 July 1965, in humus in the forest, Gallego, 800 m altitude; to 10 cm high, fuscous cinnamon, clear cinnamon-ochraceous upwards to the cinnamon-orange or orange-ochraceous tips, tissue slowly vinescent on bruising; [...]

1966, Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London:

Vinescent or browning when bruised; fructifications up to 10 cm. high, [...]

1967, Annals of the Carnegie Museum, page 137:

...all parts easily weakly vinescent around soil particles.

1985 November 19, Ronald H. Petersen, “Notes on Clavarioid Fungi. XX. New Taxa and Distributional Records in Clavulina and Ramaria”, in Mycologia, volume 77, number 6 (PDF), Taylor & Francis, Ltd., →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, retrieved 2018-07-16, pages 903–919:

In one (Watling 14834) the colours were merely reported as such, while in the other (Walling 14806), the lavender colour was linked to handling or bruising of the specimen. From notes accompanying TENN 41224, this is a vinescent response, not a naturally occurring pigmentation.

1990, Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, page 146:

(Pertaining to) changing to a wine-red colour.


hinunter-

a prefix; down-(?) (away from the speaker)


-sona

Shortened form of persona. Likely originated in the furry community with fursona. See also sona.

cup + -sona → cupsona

gem + -sona → gemsona

object + -sona → objectsona

(fandom slang) Added to a noun to describe a character of the noun's form, typically one used to represent oneself in fandom spaces.


tvi-

used to emphasise or add intensity to a word


-ksua

head

-ksua (front vowel harmony variant -ksyä, stem -ksu-, linguistic notation -ksU- or -ksUA)

-ksyä (front-vowel)
-ksu- (stem)
-ksun (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -ksu (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -ksunut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -ksunut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-ksut (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -ksu (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -ksunut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -ksunut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-ksuu (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -ksu (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -ksunut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -ksunut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-ksumme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -ksu (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -ksuneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -ksuneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-ksutte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -ksu (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -ksuneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -ksuneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-ksuvat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ksu (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -ksuneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -ksuneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-ksutaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -ksuta (indicative negative passive present)
on -ksuttu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -ksuttu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-ksuin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -ksunut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -ksunut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -ksunut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-ksuit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -ksunut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -ksunut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -ksunut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-ksui (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -ksunut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -ksunut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -ksunut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-ksuimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -ksuneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -ksuneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -ksuneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-ksuitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -ksuneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -ksuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -ksuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-ksuivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -ksuneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -ksuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -ksuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-ksuttiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -ksuttu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -ksuttu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -ksuttu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-ksuisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -ksuisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -ksunut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -ksunut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-ksuisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -ksuisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -ksunut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -ksunut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-ksuisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -ksuisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -ksunut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -ksunut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-ksuisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -ksuisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -ksuneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -ksuneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-ksuisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -ksuisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -ksuneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -ksuneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-ksuisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ksuisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -ksuneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -ksuneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-ksuttaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -ksuttaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -ksuttu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -ksuttu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-ksu (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -ksu (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-ksukoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -ksuko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -ksunut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -ksunut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-ksukaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -ksuko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-ksukaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -ksuko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-ksukoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -ksuko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -ksuneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -ksuneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-ksuttakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -ksuttako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -ksuttu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -ksuttu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-ksunen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -ksune (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -ksunut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -ksunut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-ksunet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -ksune (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -ksunut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -ksunut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-ksunee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -ksune (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -ksunut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -ksunut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-ksunemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -ksune (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -ksuneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -ksuneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-ksunette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -ksune (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -ksuneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -ksuneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-ksunevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -ksune (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -ksuneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -ksuneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-ksuttaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -ksuttane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -ksuttu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -ksuttu (negative passive perfect potential)
-ksua (infinitive infinitive-i)
-ksuva (active participle present)
-ksuttava (participle passive present)
-ksuakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-ksuaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-ksuaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-ksuaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-ksuakseen (possessive third-person)
-ksuaksensa (possessive third-person)
-ksunut (infinitive-i-long past)
-ksuttu (infinitive-i-long past)
-ksuessa (inessive second-person)
-ksuttaessa (inessive second-person)
-ksuma (agent)
-ksuessani (first-person possessive singular)
-ksuessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-ksuessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-ksuessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-ksuessaan (possessive third-person)
-ksuessansa (possessive third-person)
-ksumaton (inessive negative second-person)
-ksuen (instructive second-person)
-ksumassa (inessive third-person)
-ksumasta (elative third-person)
-ksumaan (illative third-person)
-ksumalla (adessive third-person)
-ksumatta (abessive third-person)
-ksuman (instructive third-person)
-ksuttaman (instructive third-person)
-ksuminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-ksumaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-ksumaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-ksumaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-ksumaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-ksumaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-ksumaisillansa (possessive third-person)

-ksi + -ua, originally with a stative meaning as seen in omaksua.
For the occasional final change -A- > -e-, compare -ntaa.

hyvä (“good”) + -ksua → hyväksyä (“to accept, to approve”, literally “to consider good”)

sensive
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Sensive

Forms sensive verbs, i.e. verbs describing the action of considering an object as something.


-poo

Unknown, probably arbitrary or from poo.

This is my little dog, Pinky-Panky-Poo. Bark at the gentleman, Pinky-Panky-Poo.

1908 January 28, Hamilton Daily Republican News, page 8:

...they would scraich out ‘Inky poo, your nose is blue, You're awful like the Turra Coo!’ whenever they saw Ellison go by.

1932, James Mitchell, Sunset Song, page 21:

As Elisha passes her on his way to the microphone she does her boa-constrictor number, big huggypoo, big kissypoo. Once past Pammypoo, Elisha makes a speech.

2002, William Kennedy, Roscoe, page 241:

Added to nouns, especially personal names, ending in -y or -ie to form affectionate, playful diminutives.


־טום

From Middle High German -tuom, from Old High German -tuom, from Proto-Germanic *-dōmaz (“-dom”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰóh₁mos (“thing put”). Cognate with English -dom, German -tum, Dutch -dom, Swedish -dom.

der

A suffix used to derive abstract nouns: -dom.

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


־ניש

From Middle High German -nisse, from Old High German -nissi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (“-ness”). Compare German -nis and especially -niß.

Used to form verbal nouns or less commonly, adjectival nouns.


ra-

From a confluence of Latin re- (“again”) and ad- (“towards”).

ra- + freddo (“cold, cool”) → raffreddare (“to cool down”)

ra- + sereno (“serene; (of weather) calm”) → rasserenare (“to calm; (of weather) to clear up”)

used in the formation of verbs with an intensive or iterative sense


rizo-

From Ancient Greek ῥίζα (rhíza, “root”).


maka-

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maka- (“potential action; ability to do something”).

inh+

applicative case active voice verbal prefix


-syon

From Ottoman Turkish ـسیون (-syon, -siyon), from French -tion, from Latin -tiō.

Used to respell loanwords which would originally end with the suffix -tion, rarely used to form authentic words


docosa-

From Ancient Greek δώκοσι (dṓkosi, “twenty-two”), from δύο (dúo) + εἴκοσι (eíkosi).


pentadeca-

From penta- (“five”) + deca- (“ten”). Compare Ancient Greek πεντεκαίδεκα (pentekaídeka, “fifteen”).

cog

πεντεκαίδεκα


pagka-

From pagka (“if”), which is a clipping of kapagka (“if”).

pagka- + kain (“eat”) → pagkakain (“after eating”)

Pagkakain mo, hugasan mo ang mga plato.

Wash the dishes once you're done eating.


microspherocyte

From micro- + spherocyte, ultimately micro- (“small”) + sphere (“object that is round on most axes”) + -cyte (“cell”).

af

sphere<t:object that is round on most axes>

(medicine) An abnormally small spherocyte.


makipag-

makipag- + bati (“reconciled”) → makipagbati (“to reconcile with someone”)

makipag- + kaibigan (“friend”) → makipagkaibigan (“to make friends with someone”)

makipag- + away (“quarrel”) → makipag-away (“to quarrel with someone”)

makipag- + chat (“chat”) → makipagchat (“to chat with someone”)

makipag- + talik (“sexual intercourse”) → makipagtalik (“to have sex with someone”)

makipag- + usap (“talk”) → makipag-usap (“to talk to someone”)

actor trigger - indicates engagement of the action of the verb with someone


pakikipag-

makipag-usap (“to engage in conversation”) = pakikipag- + usap → pakikipag-usap (“engagement in conversation”)

used to form nouns of the verbs beginning in makipag-


maki-

maki- + kain (“eat”) → makikain (“to join in eating, to eat in somebody's house”)

Nakikain ako kina Pepe.


pa- -in

tahimik (“quiet”) + pa- -in → patahimikin (“to silence”)

lamig (“cold”) + pa- -in → patahimikin (“to cool”)

Palamigin mo itong inumin.

(causative) Object trigger - Circumfix to form the causative verb form of the adjectives

daan (“pass”) + pa- -in → paraanin (“make someone give way”)

upo (“sitting”) + pa- -in → paupuin (“make someone sit down”)

Paupuin mo 'ang mga bisita.

(causative) Object trigger - Indicates performance of the action of the verb


ipa-

ipa- + luto-luto (“to cook”) → ipaluto-luto (“to have cooked a bit more”)

(accusative) to make a slightly reproachful or supplicative request to have done something unattended or done improperly


magka-

magka- + kotse (“car”) → magkakotse (“to get a car”)

prefix for verbs with actor focus and causative mood: to come to have or possess


pagkaka-

manner in which the action expressed by the root was performed


pa- -an

pa- -an + lagay (“put”) → palagyan (“to have someone put something somewhere”)

Pinalagyan ni Maribel ng carpet ang sahig.

Maribel had someone put a carpet on the floor.

(causative) Object trigger suffix: indicates performance of the action of the verb on or to an object


pag- -an

sabi (“say”) + pag- -an → pagsabihan (“to be reprimanded, to be warned”)

Pinagsabihan ko na siya.

higanti (“revenge”) + pag- -an → paghigantihan (“to be taken revenge on”)

Pinaghigantihan niya ang pagkamatay ng lolo niya.

He took revenge on the death of his grandfather.

himasok (“say”) + pag- -an → panghimasukan (“to be meddled in”)

Huwag mong panghimasukan ang buhay ko.

Object trigger - perform the action of the verb on/ at/ to/ in something or someone


ـلىرـ

ـلار ـلار#Uyghur

ـلەر ـلەر#Uyghur


ـلەرـ

ـلەر ـلەر#Uyghur


ـۈمـ

head

ـۈمـ • (-üm-)

ug-suffix

ـۈمـ • (-üm-)


-këndësh

-këndësh (indefinite nominative singular)
-këndëshi (definite nominative singular)
-këndësha (indefinite nominative plural)
-këndëshat (definite nominative plural)
-këndësh (accusative indefinite singular)
-këndëshin (accusative definite singular)
-këndësha (accusative indefinite plural)
-këndëshat (accusative definite plural)
-këndëshi (dative indefinite singular)
-këndëshit (dative definite singular)
-këndëshave (dative indefinite plural)
-këndëshave (dative definite plural)
-këndëshi (ablative indefinite singular)
-këndëshit (ablative definite singular)
-këndëshash (ablative indefinite plural)
-këndëshave (ablative definite plural)


ipag-

ipag- + ahit (“to shave”) → ipag-ahit (“to use for shaving”)

to use as means or an instrument in doing a thing

ipag- + laban (“to fight”) → ipaglaban (“to fight for”)

ipag- + tapat (“to confess”) → ipagtapat (“to confess something to somebody”)

to perform the action of the verb to something with intensity

ipag- + malaki (“big”) → ipagmalaki (“to be proud of, to be the cause of one's pride”)

ipag- + hinakit (“to confess”) → ipaghihinanakit (“to confess something to somebody”)


-faldr

Icelandic: -faldur

Norwegian Nynorsk: -fald, -felt

Swedish: -falt

From Proto-Germanic *-falþaz (“-fold”), from Proto-Indo-European *-poltos (“-fold”) from *pel- (“to fold”).


-ᚐᚌᚅᚔ

desctree

Old Irish: -án, -én
Middle Irish: -án
Irish: -án
Manx: -ane
Scottish Gaelic: -an

From Proto-Celtic *-agnos (whence also Welsh and Old Breton diminutive -an).


choano-

From a combining form of Ancient Greek χοάνη (khoánē, “funnel”).


-zoon

From Latin -zoon, from Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”).

(zoology) Forming nouns indicating organisms have a particular specified way of life.


tag-

tag- + ani (“harvest”) → tag-ani (“harvest season”)

tag- + araw (“sun”) → tag-araw (“sunny season”)

tag- + lagas (“fall”) → taglagas (“fall season”)

tag- + lamig (“cold”) → taglamig (“cold season; winter”)

tag- + mangga (“mango”) → tagmangga (“mango season”)

tag- + ulan (“rain”) → tag-ulan (“rainy season”)

prefix with the meaning of "time of" or "season of"


-ístico

pt-adj

-ístico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ística, masculine plural -ísticos, feminine plural -ísticas)

-ística (feminine)
-ísticos (masculine plural)
-ísticas (feminine plural)


peg-

From PEG, the initialism of polyethylene glycol.

(biochemistry, pharmacology) Used to form names of PEGylated molecules.


ئابدۇلـ

head

ئابدۇلـ • (abdul-)

ug-prefix

ئابدۇلـ • (abdul-)

From Arabic عَبْد (ʕabd, “servant”) + Arabic ال (al-, “definite article”), a common Muslim name prefix, found in names such as Arabic عَبْدُ ٱللّٰه (ʕabdu llāh, “servant of God”), Arabic عَبْدُ اللَطِيف (ʕabdu l-laṭīf, “servant of The kind (God)”).

bor

عَبْدُ ٱللّٰه

عَبْدُ اللَطِيف

Name prefix meaning "servant of", followed by a name or description of God


ئاقـ

head

ئاقـ • (aq-)

ug-prefix

ئاقـ • (aq-)


ئەبۇـ

head

ئەبۇـ • (ebu-)

ug-prefix

ئەبۇـ • (ebu-)


θερμο-

thermo- (romanization)
thermó- (romanization)

Greek: θερμο- (thermo-)

→ thermo-

Used to derive words relating to warmth, heat; thermo-


θερμο-

From Ancient Greek θερμο- (thermo-), from θερμός (thermós, “warm, hot”).

θερμο- (thermo-) + κοιτίδα (koitída, “cradle”) → θερμοκοιτίδα (thermokoitída, “incubator”)

θερμο- (thermo-) + κήπος (kípos, “garden”) → θερμοκήπιο (thermokípio, “greenhouse”)

θερμο- (thermo-) + αίμα (aíma, “blood”) → θερμόαιμος (thermóaimos, “warm-blooded”)

added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words that indicates something related to warmth, heat; thermo-:


-θερμος

head

-θερμος • (-thermos) m or f (neuter -θερμον)

-thermos (romanization)
-θερμον (neuter)
-θερμος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
-θερμον (neuter nominative singular)
-θερμω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
-θερμω (dual neuter nominative)
-θερμοι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
-θερμᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
-θερμου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
-θερμου (genitive neuter singular)
-θερμοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
-θερμοιν (dual genitive neuter)
-θερμων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
-θερμων (genitive neuter plural)
-θερμῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
-θερμῳ (dative neuter singular)
-θερμοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
-θερμοιν (dative dual neuter)
-θερμοις (dative feminine masculine plural)
-θερμοις (dative neuter plural)
-θερμον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-θερμον (accusative neuter singular)
-θερμω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
-θερμω (accusative dual neuter)
-θερμους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-θερμᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
-θερμε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
-θερμον (neuter singular vocative)
-θερμω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
-θερμω (dual neuter vocative)
-θερμοι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
-θερμᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
-θερμως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
-θερμότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
-θερμότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

→ English: -thermic, -therm

Greek: -θερμος (-thermos)

From θερμ- (therm-), the root of θερμός (thermós), + -ος (-os, adjective suffix).

Combining form used in adjectives of temperature


-θερμος

-θερμος • (-thermos) m (feminine -θερμη, neuter -θερμο)

-thermos (romanization)
-θερμη (feminine)
-θερμο (neuter)
-θερμος (masculine nominative singular)
-θερμη (feminine nominative singular)
-θερμο (neuter nominative singular)
-θερμοι (masculine nominative)
-θερμες (feminine nominative plural)
-θερμα (neuter nominative plural)
-θερμου (genitive masculine singular)
-θερμης (feminine genitive singular)
-θερμου (genitive neuter singular)
-θερμων (genitive masculine)
-θερμων (feminine genitive plural)
-θερμων (genitive neuter plural)
-θερμο (accusative masculine singular)
-θερμη (accusative feminine singular)
-θερμο (accusative neuter singular)
-θερμους (accusative masculine)
-θερμες (accusative feminine plural)
-θερμα (accusative neuter plural)
-θερμε (masculine singular vocative)
-θερμη (feminine singular vocative)
-θερμο (neuter singular vocative)
-θερμοι (masculine vocative)
-θερμες (feminine plural vocative)
-θερμα (neuter plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós, “warm, hot”).

der

όμοιος (ómoios, “similar”) + -θερμος (-thermos) → ομοιόθερμος (omoióthermos, “homeothermic”)

ποικίλος (poikílos, “varied”) + -θερμος (-thermos) → ποικιλόθερμος (poikilóthermos, “poikilothermic”)

added to an adjective to create denoting temperature; -thermic, -therm:


giganto-

Internationalism; compare English giganto-.

giganto- + -fon → gigantofon


crypt-

cryptanalyst

cryptarchy

Alternative form of crypto- (prevocalic)


-wintre

-wintre (masculine nominative singular)
-wintru (feminine nominative singular)
-wintro (feminine nominative singular)
-wintre (neuter nominative singular)
-winterne (accusative masculine singular)
-wintre (accusative feminine singular)
-wintre (accusative neuter singular)
-wintres (genitive masculine singular)
-wintre (feminine genitive singular)
-wintres (genitive neuter singular)
-wintrum (dative masculine singular)
-wintre (dative feminine singular)
-wintrum (dative neuter singular)
-wintre (instrumental masculine singular)
-wintre (feminine instrumental singular)
-wintre (instrumental neuter singular)
-wintre (masculine nominative plural)
-wintra (feminine nominative plural)
-wintre (feminine nominative plural)
-wintru (neuter nominative plural)
-wintro (neuter nominative plural)
-wintre (accusative masculine plural)
-wintra (accusative feminine plural)
-wintre (accusative feminine plural)
-wintru (accusative neuter plural)
-wintro (accusative neuter plural)
-wintra (genitive masculine plural)
-wintra (feminine genitive plural)
-wintra (genitive neuter plural)
-wintrum (dative masculine plural)
-wintrum (dative feminine plural)
-wintrum (dative neuter plural)
-wintrum (instrumental masculine plural)
-wintrum (feminine instrumental plural)
-wintrum (instrumental neuter plural)
-wintra (masculine nominative singular)
-wintre (feminine nominative singular)
-wintre (neuter nominative singular)
-wintran (accusative masculine singular)
-wintran (accusative feminine singular)
-wintre (accusative neuter singular)
-wintran (genitive masculine singular)
-wintran (feminine genitive singular)
-wintran (genitive neuter singular)
-wintran (dative masculine singular)
-wintran (dative feminine singular)
-wintran (dative neuter singular)
-wintran (instrumental masculine singular)
-wintran (feminine instrumental singular)
-wintran (instrumental neuter singular)
-wintran (masculine nominative plural)
-wintran (feminine nominative plural)
-wintran (neuter nominative plural)
-wintran (accusative masculine plural)
-wintran (accusative feminine plural)
-wintran (accusative neuter plural)
-wintra (genitive masculine plural)
-wintrena (genitive masculine plural)
-wintra (feminine genitive plural)
-wintrena (feminine genitive plural)
-wintra (genitive neuter plural)
-wintrena (genitive neuter plural)
-wintrum (dative masculine plural)
-wintrum (dative feminine plural)
-wintrum (dative neuter plural)
-wintrum (instrumental masculine plural)
-wintrum (feminine instrumental plural)
-wintrum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: -winter

From Proto-West Germanic *-wintrī, from Proto-Germanic *-wintruz. Cognate with Old Norse -vetr and Gothic -𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 (-wintrus). Equivalent to winter + -e. Compare the German suffix -jährig, of similar form and meaning.

c. 893, King Alfred's Laws
Tīenwintre cniht mæġ bēon þīefþe ġewita.

A ten-year-old boy can be an accessory to a theft.

late 9th century, The Old English Martyrology
Sanctus Iūstus wæs eahtawintre þā hē martyrdōm þrōwode for Criste.

Saint Justus was eight years old when he became a martyr for Christ.

c. 1020, Wulfstan, King Cnut's second law code
Wē willaþ þæt ǣlċ mann ofer twelfwintre selle þone āþ þæt hē nylle þēof bēon ne þēofes ġewita.

We want everyone over twelve years old to give an oath that they will not be a thief or a thief's accomplice.

c. 935, King Æthelstan's sixth law code
Ne slēa man nānne ġingran mann þonne fiftīenewinterne mann, būtan hē hine werian wille oþþe flēo and on hand gān nylle.

No one should be executed who is younger than a fifteen-year-old, unless they resist arrest [lit. try to defend themselves] or try to escape and refuse to give themselves up.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Hannibal ġecȳðde þone nīþ and þone hete þe hē beforan his fæder ġeswōr þā hē nigonwintre cniht wæs þæt hē nǣfre ne wurde Rōmāna frēond.

Hannibal showed the hatred and the malice that he felt when he swore before his father as a nine-year-old boy that he would never become a friend of the Romans.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Æfter þām hīe ġesetton tictātor þæt hē sċolde bēon hearra ofer þā consulas, sē wæs hāten Decius Iūnius. Hē næs būtan seofontīenewintre.

After that, they chose a dictator to rule over the consuls, whose name was Decius Junius. He was only seventeen years old.


-misia

From Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”) or μῑσέω (mīséō, “to hate”) (+ -ia); attested since at least the 1950s. Devised as an alternative to the suffix -phobia, which etymologically (and clinically) denotes fear, though it is also widely used in English to denote hatred. Compare -misic (hating something), as in homomisic.


pang-

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paŋ- (cf. Cebuano pang-, Indonesian peng- and Malay peng-).

pang- + dalawa (“two”) → pangalawa (“second”)

pang- + walo (“eight”) → pangwalo (“eighth”)

(Ordinal prefix) Used to form ordinal numbers


ka- -an

ceb-head

ka- -an (Badlit spelling ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔ or ᜃ ᜀᜈ᜔)

From Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an, compare kina- -an, Tagalog ka- -an, Malay ke- -an. Compare ka-, and -an.

batan-on (“young”) + ka- -an → kabatan-onan (“youth”)

husay (“orderly”) + ka- -an → kahusayan (“peace, resolution”)

daog (“to win”) + ka- -an → kadaogan (“victory”)

(added to adjectives or verbs) forms abstract nouns


cyn-

A shortening of the prefix cyno- when used before vowels.


cyn-

From Proto-Brythonic *köβ̃-. Cognate with Cornish ken-.

cyn- + twrf (“loud noise”) → cynnwrf (“commotion, excitement”)

affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word


-ψωμο

-psomo (romanization)
-ψωμο (nominative singular)
-ψωμα (nominative plural)
-ψωμου (genitive singular)
-ψωμων (genitive plural)
-ψωμο (accusative singular)
-ψωμα (accusative plural)
-ψωμο (singular vocative)
-ψωμα (plural vocative)

From ψωμί n (psomí, “bread”). With recessive stress, forms neuter ending in -ο.

σκόρδο (skórdo, “garlic”) + -ψωμο (-psomo) → σκορδόψωμο (skordópsomo, “garlic bread”)

σταφίδα (stafída, “raisin”) + -ψωμο (-psomo) → σταφιδόψωμο (stafidópsomo, “raisin bread”)

second combining form of neuter nouns; bread made of what the first combining form denotes.


-vir

carbovir

(pharmacology) Used to form names of generic antivirals.


-vudine

lamivudine, stavudine, telbivudine

(pharmacology) Used to form names of antineoplastics and antivirals of the zidovudine type


-azepam

(pharmacology) Used to form names of diazepam derivatives.


-azodone

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Used to form names of generic antidepressant drugs.


-azosin

(pharmacology) Used to form names of prazosin derivatives used as antihypertensive substances.


-afil

w:cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5

(pharmacology) Used to form names of inhibitors of phosphodiesterase PDE5 with vasodilator action.


-asone

betamethasone, dexamethasone, diflorasone, fluticasone, mometasone

(biochemistry, pharmacology) Used to form names of generic corticosteroid drugs.


-rubicin

doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, valrubicin

(pharmacology) Used to form names of daunorubicin derivatives used as antineoplastics.


-bital

butalbital, vinylbital

(pharmacology) Used to form generic names of barbiturate drugs.


-cillin

amoxicillin, ampicillin, dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin

(pharmacology) Used to form names of generic penicillin antibiotic drugs.


-cycline

demeclocycline, doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline

(pharmacology) Used to form names of generic tetracycline antibiotic drugs.


-dazole

albendazole, mebendazole, metronidazole, tinidazole

(pharmacology) Used to form names of generic anthelmintic or antibiotic drugs.


-dipine

calcium channel blocker
calcium channel blocker#English

(pharmacology) Used to form names of generic calcium channel blocker drugs which are nifedipine derivatives.


-dronate

alendronate, etidronate, ibandronate, risedronate

(pharmacology) Used to form nonproprietary names for bisphosphonate drugs.


-prazole

(pharmacology) Used to form names of benzimidazole derivatives used as antiulcers.


-fenac

bromfenac, diclofenac, nepafenac

(pharmacology) Used to form names of ibufenac derivatives used as generic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.


-floxacin

besifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin

(pharmacology) Used to form names of generic fluoroquinolone antibiotics


-gliptin

From gli- (“antihyperglycemic”) + (pe)pt(idase) + in(hibitor).

af

saxagliptin, sitagliptin, linagliptin

dipeptidyl peptidase-4
w:dipeptidyl peptidase-4

(pharmacology) Used to form generic names of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor antidiabetic drugs.


οικο-

From Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos, “house”). Cognate with English eco-.

οικο- (oiko-) + γενιά (geniá, “generation”) → οικογένεια (oikogéneia, “family”)

οικο- (oiko-) + σελίδα (selída, “page”) → οικοσελίδα (oikoselída, “homepage”)

οικο- (oiko-) + σκεύη (skévi, “utensil”) → οικοσκευή (oikoskeví, “household appliance”)

added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words that indicate something related to the house:


-lə

-la (back-vowel-harmony)
-lə (front-vowel-harmony)

balta (“axe”) + -lə → baltalamaq (“to chop with an axe”)

barmaq (“finger”) + -lə → barmaqlamaq (“to poke or probe with a finger”)

güllə (“bullet”) + -lə → güllələmək (“to execute by shooting”)

Suffix appended to nouns to derive verbs with various meanings.

(transitive) Used to derive verbs encoding the tool or means of the implementation of an action.

tər (“sweat”) + -lə → tərləmək (“to sweat”)

sərin (“cool”) + -lə → sərinləmək (“to become cool”)

(intransitive) Used to derive verbs encoding a process.

dəm (“heat”) + -lə → dəmləmək (“to brew”)

iki (“two”) + -lə → ikiləmək (“to double”)

(transitive) Used to derive verbs encoding result of a process.

birçək (“hair, curls”) + -lə → birçəkləmək (“to grab by the hair”)

quyruq (“tail”) + -lə → quyruqlamaq (“to grab by the tail”)

orta (“middle”) + -lə → ortalamaq (“to grab someone by the waist”)

vərəq (“page”) + -lə → vərəqləmək (“to leaf through, to browse”)

(transitive) Used to derive verbs encoding the object of an action, mostly grabbing.

sıra (“row”) + -lə → sıralamaq (“to put in a row, to align”)

orta (“middle”) + -lə → ortalamaq (“to split into two”)

(transitive) Used to derive verbs encoding the aktionsart of an action.

qabaq (“front”) + -lə → qabaqlamaq (“to do something ahead of someone else”)

qarşı (“opposite”) + -lə → qarşılamaq (“to meet up”)

irəli (“forward”) + -lə → irəliləmək (“to advance”)

geri (“back”) + -lə → geriləmək (“to retreat”)

(transitive, intransitive) Used to derive verbs encoding the direction or location of an action.

gecə (“night”) + -lə → gecələmək (“to overnight”)

qış (“winter”) + -lə → qışlamaq (“to overwinter”)

(transitive, intransitive) Used to derive verbs encoding the time of an action.


-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃

-liggs (romanization)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃 (nominative singular)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍉𐍃 (nominative plural)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲 (singular vocative)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍉𐍃 (plural vocative)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲 (accusative singular)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃 (accusative plural)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌹𐍃 (genitive singular)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌴 (genitive plural)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰 (dative singular)
-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌼 (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *-lingaz. Cognates include Dutch -ling, English -ling, German -ling, Icelandic -lingur.

Forms nouns meaning 'belonging to, coming from, descending from', often with a diminutive meaning.


-𐌽𐌳𐍃

-nds (romanization)
-𐌽𐌳𐍃 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 (feminine nominative singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐍉 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (accusative masculine singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 (accusative feminine singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐍉 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive masculine singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (feminine genitive singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive neuter singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 (dative masculine singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 (dative feminine singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 (dative neuter singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 (masculine nominative plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (feminine nominative plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 (neuter nominative plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 (accusative masculine plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (accusative feminine plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 (accusative neuter plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive masculine plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 (feminine genitive plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive neuter plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative masculine plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼 (dative feminine plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative neuter plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐍃 (nominative singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐍃 (nominative plural)
-𐌽𐌳 (singular vocative)
-𐌽𐌳𐍃 (plural vocative)
-𐌽𐌳 (accusative singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐍃 (accusative plural)
-𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 (genitive singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌴 (genitive plural)
-𐌽𐌳 (dative singular)
-𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *-ndz. Cognate with Dutch -end, English -ing, German -end, Latin -ēns, Ancient Greek -ων (-ōn), Sanskrit -अन्त् (-ant).

-ing. Forms present participles from verbs.

-er. Forms agent nouns from verbs. Identical in form and meaning, but not in declension, to the present participle.


-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃

-ands (romanization)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 (feminine nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (accusative masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 (accusative feminine singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (feminine genitive singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 (dative masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 (dative feminine singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 (dative neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 (masculine nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (feminine nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 (neuter nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 (accusative masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (accusative feminine plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 (accusative neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 (feminine genitive plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼 (dative feminine plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳 (singular vocative)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (plural vocative)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳 (accusative singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (accusative plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 (genitive singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴 (genitive plural)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳 (dative singular)
-𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative plural)


-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃

-ōnds (romanization)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 (feminine nominative singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍉 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (accusative masculine singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 (accusative feminine singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍉 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive masculine singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (feminine genitive singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive neuter singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 (dative masculine singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 (dative feminine singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 (dative neuter singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 (masculine nominative plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (feminine nominative plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 (neuter nominative plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 (accusative masculine plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (accusative feminine plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 (accusative neuter plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive masculine plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 (feminine genitive plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive neuter plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative masculine plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼 (dative feminine plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative neuter plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (nominative singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (nominative plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳 (singular vocative)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (plural vocative)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳 (accusative singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (accusative plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 (genitive singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴 (genitive plural)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳 (dative singular)
-𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 (dative plural)


-𐌿𐌺𐍃

-𐌿𐌺𐍃 (nominative singular)
-𐌿𐌺𐍉𐍃 (nominative plural)
-𐌿𐌺 (singular vocative)
-𐌿𐌺𐍉𐍃 (plural vocative)
-𐌿𐌺 (accusative singular)
-𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 (accusative plural)
-𐌿𐌺𐌹𐍃 (genitive singular)
-𐌿𐌺𐌴 (genitive plural)
-𐌿𐌺𐌰 (dative singular)
-𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌼 (dative plural)


־יהו

he-suffix

־יָהוּ • (yáhu)

A theophoric suffix, meaning "the Lord", used in many Biblical proper names


-𐌰𐌷𐍃

-ahs (romanization)
-𐌰𐌷𐍃 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰 (feminine nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌷 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌰 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (accusative masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰 (accusative feminine singular)
-𐌰𐌷 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌰 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌹𐍃 (genitive masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 (feminine genitive singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌹𐍃 (genitive neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (dative masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹 (dative feminine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (dative neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹 (masculine nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐍃 (feminine nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰 (neuter nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃 (accusative masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐍃 (accusative feminine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰 (accusative neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 (genitive masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 (feminine genitive plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 (genitive neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 (dative masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 (dative feminine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 (dative neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉 (feminine nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (accusative masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽 (accusative feminine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽𐍃 (feminine genitive singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌽 (dative masculine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽 (dative feminine singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌽 (dative neuter singular)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃 (masculine nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽𐍃 (feminine nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽𐌰 (neuter nominative plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽𐍃 (accusative feminine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽𐌰 (accusative neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽𐍉 (feminine genitive plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive neuter plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 (dative masculine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌼 (dative feminine plural)
-𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 (dative neuter plural)

From Proto-Germanic *-haz. Represents a Verner alternant of -𐌲𐍃 (-gs) with thematic vowel -a-.


-ělь

-ělь (nominative singular)
-ěli (dual nominative)
-ěli (nominative plural)
-ěli (genitive singular)
-ělьju (dual genitive)
-ělьjь (genitive plural)
-ěli (dative singular)
-ělьma (dative dual)
-ělьmъ (dative plural)
-ělь (accusative singular)
-ěli (accusative dual)
-ěli (accusative plural)
-ělьjǫ (instrumental singular)
-ělьma (dual instrumental)
-ělьmi (instrumental plural)
-ěli (locative singular)
-ělьju (dual locative)
-ělьxъ (locative plural)
-ěli (singular vocative)
-ěli (dual vocative)
-ěli (plural vocative)

Old Church Slavonic: -ѣль (-ělĭ)

Russian: -ель (-elʹ)

Ukrainian: -іль (-ilʹ)

An addition of *-lь to a stem extension *-ē, possibly the same one found in the imperfect.

mytělь ← *myti

obutělь ← *obuti

Category:Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -V-

obrětělь ← *obrěsti

pečalь ← *peťi

gybělь ← *gynǫti

obitělь ← *obitati

svirělь ← *svirati

piščalь ← *piščati, *piskati

kapělь ← *kapati

glǫbělь ← *glǫbati


-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃

-falþs (romanization)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 (feminine nominative singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌰 (accusative masculine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 (accusative feminine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐍃 (genitive masculine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 (feminine genitive singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐍃 (genitive neuter singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (dative masculine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹 (dative feminine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (dative neuter singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹 (masculine nominative plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐍃 (feminine nominative plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 (neuter nominative plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 (accusative masculine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐍃 (accusative feminine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 (accusative neuter plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 (genitive masculine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 (feminine genitive plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 (genitive neuter plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 (dative masculine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 (dative feminine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 (dative neuter plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 (masculine nominative singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉 (feminine nominative singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉 (neuter nominative singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽 (accusative masculine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽 (accusative feminine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉 (accusative neuter singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive masculine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 (feminine genitive singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽𐍃 (genitive neuter singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽 (dative masculine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽 (dative feminine singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽 (dative neuter singular)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 (masculine nominative plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 (feminine nominative plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐌰 (neuter nominative plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 (accusative feminine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐌰 (accusative neuter plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive masculine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍉 (feminine genitive plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴 (genitive neuter plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼 (dative masculine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌼 (dative feminine plural)
-𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼 (dative neuter plural)

From Proto-Germanic *-falþaz. Cognate with Old English -feald, Old Norse -faldr.


-eroo

Of unclear origin; perhaps extracted from buckaroo, though this word appears to have been conformed to a preexisting suffix (or word), the stress and final vowel being otherwise unaccounted for.

smack + -eroo → smackeroo

I'm feeling peckish … I think I'll have a little snackeroo.

(informal) Added to certain nouns to form familiar diminutives, normally with jocular or light-hearted intent.


-genia

-genia (nominative singular)
-genii (genitive singular)
-genii (dative singular)
-genię (accusative singular)
-genią (instrumental singular)
-genii (locative singular)
-genio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -γένεια (-géneia).

lbor

antropo- + -genia → antropogenia


-genia

es-noun

-genia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -genias)


-dōmaz

-dōmaz (nominative singular)
-dōmōz (nominative plural)
-dōmōs (nominative plural)
-dōm (singular vocative)
-dōmōz (plural vocative)
-dōmōs (plural vocative)
-dōmą (accusative singular)
-dōmanz (accusative plural)
-dōmas (genitive singular)
-dōmis (genitive singular)
-dōmǫ̂ (genitive plural)
-dōmai (dative singular)
-dōmamaz (dative plural)
-dōmō (instrumental singular)
-dōmamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *-dōm
Old English: -dōm
Middle English: -dom, -dam, -dame, -dome, -don, -doom, -dum
English: -dom
Scots: -dom
Old Frisian: -dōm
North Frisian: -dom
Saterland Frisian: -dum
West Frisian: -domme
Old Saxon: -dōm
Middle Low German: -dôm
Low German: -dom
Old Dutch: -duom
Middle Dutch: -dom
Dutch: -dom
Old High German: -tuom
Middle High German: -tuom
German: -tum
Yiddish: ־טום (-tum)

Old Norse: -dómr
Icelandic: -dómur
Norwegian:
Norwegian Bokmål: -dømme
Norwegian Nynorsk: -døme
Old Swedish: -dōmber
Swedish: -dom, -döme
Danish: -dom, -dømme

Forms nouns denoting the condition or state of the suffixed word.

Forms nouns denoting the domain or jurisdiction of the suffixed word.


extro-

A pseudo-Latin prefix based upon Latin extra- (“outside, beyond”) under the influence of the distinction between Latin intro- (“inwards”) and intra- (“inside, within”). Formations in English are mostly limited to words formed as antonyms of terms formed with intro-.

extroverted: turned in an outward direction


-jô

gem-decl-noun-table

*-jô (an-stem)

-jô (nominative singular)
-janiz (nominative plural)
-jô (singular vocative)
-janiz (plural vocative)
-janų (accusative singular)
-janunz (accusative plural)
-iniz (genitive singular)
-janǫ̂ (genitive plural)
-ini (dative singular)
-jammaz (dative plural)
-inē (instrumental singular)
-jammiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *-jō
Old English: -a
Old Frisian: -a
Old Saxon: -io
Old Dutch: -o
Old High German: -o, -eo

Old Norse: -i

Old Swedish: -e

Gothic: -𐌾𐌰 (-ja)

-er. Forms agent nouns, often from the zero-grade form of the base.


-itjaną

-itjō (active first-person indicative singular)
-itjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-itjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
-itisi (active indicative second-person singular)
-itjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-iti (active imperative second-person singular)
-itjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
-itjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
-itiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
-itjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-itjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
-itjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
-itjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
-itjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
-itjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
-itjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
-itjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-itjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
-itjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
-itjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-itjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
-itjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
-itiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
-itjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-itiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
-itjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
-itjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
-itjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
-itjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-itjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
-itjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
-itjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
-istǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
-istēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-istēz (active indicative second-person singular)
-istēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-istē (active indicative singular third-person)
-istēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-istēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
-istēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
-istēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
-istēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-istēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
-istēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-istēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
-istēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-istēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
-istēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-itjandz (active participle present)
-itidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *-ittjan

i

merged with descendant of <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*-atjaną</i>

Old English: -ettan (merged with descendant of *-atjaną)

Old Saxon: *-itian, -itōn

Old High German: -izzen

Gothic: *-𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*-itjan)

From Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- (verbal suffix). Cognate with Ancient Greek -άζω (-ázō).

der

Creates verbs from nouns and adjectives, similar to -ise.

Creates intensive verbs from other verbs.


-lōną

-lō (active first-person indicative singular)
-lǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-lōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
-lōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
-lōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-lō (active imperative second-person singular)
-lōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
-lōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
-lōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
-lō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-lōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
-lōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
-lōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
-lōs (active dual first-person indicative)
-lōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
-lōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
-lōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-lōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
-lōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
-lōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-lōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
-lōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
-lōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
-lōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-lōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
-lōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
-lōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
-lōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
-lōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-lōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
-lōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
-lōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
-lōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
-lōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-lōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
-lōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-lōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
-lōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-lōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
-lōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
-lōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
-lōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-lōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
-lōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-lōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
-lōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-lōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
-lōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-lōndz (active participle present)
-lōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: -lian

Middle English: -lien, -len, -elen (merged with all other verbs)

English: -le (unproductive)

Old Frisian: -lia, -lja

North Frisian: -je

Saterland Frisian: -ele, -elje

West Frisian: -je

Old Saxon: -lōn

Middle Low German: -len, -eln

Low German: -eln

Old Dutch: -lon

Middle Dutch: -elen (merged with all other verbs)

Dutch: -elen

Old High German: -lōn

Middle High German: -eln

German: -eln (merged with all other verbs)

Old Norse: -la

Icelandic: -la

Faroese: -la

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: -le

Norwegian Nynorsk: -la

Swedish: -la

Danish: -le

frequentative verbal suffix; indicating repetition


-trof

From Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).


-trof

-trof (nominative singular)
-trofy (nominative plural)
-trofu (genitive singular)
-trofów (genitive plural)
-trofowi (dative singular)
-trofom (dative plural)
-trof (accusative singular)
-trofy (accusative plural)
-trofem (instrumental singular)
-trofami (instrumental plural)
-trofie (locative singular)
-trofach (locative plural)
-trofie (singular vocative)
-trofy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ).

lbor

auto- + -trof → autotrof


ca-

dio (“day”) + ca- → cadie (“today”)

horo (“hour”) + ca- → cahore (“at this hour”)

maniero (“manner”) + ca- → camaniere (“in this manner”)

matino (“morning”) + ca- → camatine (“this morning”)

monato (“month”) + ca- → camonate (“during, in this month”)

nokto (“night”) + ca- → canokte (“tonight”)

tempo (“time”) + ca- → catempe (“at this time”)

yaro (“year”) + ca- → cayare (“in this year”)

used to form adverbs denoting the present


hyp-

Alternative form of hypo- (before a vowel)


-esma

Borrowed from French -ième, Italian -esimo, Spanish -ésimo. Compare -imo from the same source.

io-bor

un (“one”) + -esma → unesma (“first”)

dek e du (“twelve”) + -esma → dek-e-duesma (“twelfth”)


ven-

Alternative form of veno- (with -i- as interconsonantal instead of -o-)


meng- -kan

used to form adjectives that denoting the presence of a quality in any degree (typically abundance of)


-μάνα

-mána (romanization)
-μάνες (plural)
-μάνα (nominative singular)
-μάνες (nominative plural)
-μάνας (genitive singular)
-μάνα (accusative singular)
-μάνες (accusative plural)
-μάνα (singular vocative)
-μάνες (plural vocative)

second combining form of feminine''' nouns for "mother"

φτωχός (ftochós, “poor”) + -μάνα (-mána) → φτωχομάνα (ftochomána, “supportive of poor”)

καλός (kalós, “good”) + -μάνα (-mána) → καλομάνα (kalomána, “a good mother”)

with characteristic denoted by the first combining form

νερό (neró, “good”) + -μάνα (-mána) → νερομάνα (neromána, “headspring”)

augments what first combining form denotes


hing-

denotes inclination, habit or propensity


-onzolo

From an infix -onzo- + -olo (“diminutive suffix”).

latte (“milk”) + -onzolo → lattonzolo (“suckling pig”)

used with nouns to express a diminutive and pejorative connotation


-kara

Eurikara dago.

It seems like it's going to rain. (literally, “There are signs of raining.”)


sing-

sing- + haba (“length”) → singhaba (“as long as”)

Singhaba ng mesa ang lubid.


pinaka-

relative superlative
relative superlative#English

Forms relative superlative forms of adjectives


pinaka-

Siya ang pinakamaganda sa kanilang lahat.

forms relative superlative forms of adjectives


napaka-

Napakaganda niya.

forms absolute superlative forms of adjectives


-led

Forms verbs indicating a quick, sudden or sharp action.


-eed

Forms causative verbs from nouns or adjectives.


-vuõtt

-vuõtt (nominative singular)
-vuõđ (nominative plural)
-vuõđ (accusative singular)
-vuõđid (accusative plural)
-vuõđ (genitive singular)
-vuõđi (genitive plural)
-vuõʹtˈte (illative singular)
-vuõđid (illative plural)
-vuõđâst (locative singular)
-vuõđin (locative plural)
-vuõđin (comitative singular)
-vuõđivuiʹm (comitative plural)
-vuõđtää (abessive singular)
-vuõđitää (abessive plural)
-vuõttân (essive)
-vuõttâd (partitive)

Forms nouns from adjectives, indicating the quality of the adjective.


Used where -и (-i) would imply the palatalization of с (s) to ш (š) or ц (c) to ч (č).

Alternative form: -и (-i)

Russian фу́нкция (fúnkcija, “function”) + -∅ → Mongolian функц (funkc, “function”)

A zero suffix used in place of Russian -ия (-ija) in loanwords with stems ending in с (s) or ц (c).


Forms result or action nouns from verbs.


-teʹm

Forms adjectives indicating a lack of something.


-laž

Forms adjectives indicating relationship or likeness.


-saž

Forms adjectives indicating something that is possessed as a characteristic.


-ena

starý + -ena → stařena


bund-

bund- + uretfærdig (“unfair”) → bunduretfærdig (“completely unjust”)

bund- + rådden (“rotten”) → bundrådden (“completely rotten, rotten all the way through”)


-ěti

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti. The present tense inflection is thematic, effectively continuing Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti.

ležati (“to lie”)

stojati (“to stand”)

rъděti (“to redden”)


-ίλα

-íla (romanization)
-ίλα (nominative singular)
-ίλες (nominative plural)
-ίλας (genitive singular)
-ίλα (accusative singular)
-ίλες (accusative plural)
-ίλα (singular vocative)
-ίλες (plural vocative)

From Byzantine Greek -ίλα (-íla), of uncertain origin.

ογδόντα (ogdónta, “eighty”) + -ίλα (-íla) → ογδοντίλα (ogdontíla, “80s-ness”)

καλτ (kalt, “cult”) + -ίλα (-íla) → καλτίλα (kaltíla, “cultness”)

(colloquial) or (slang) Added to a noun, adjective, or verb to indicate general sense:


-иха

-и́ха (canonical)
-иха (canonical)
-íxa (romanization)
-ixa (romanization)
-и́ха (nominative singular)
-иха (nominative singular)
-и́хи (nominative plural)
-ихи (nominative plural)
-и́хи (genitive singular)
-ихи (genitive singular)
-и́х (genitive plural)
-их (genitive plural)
-и́хе (dative singular)
-ихе (dative singular)
-и́хам (dative plural)
-ихам (dative plural)
-и́ху (accusative animate singular)
-иху (accusative animate singular)
-и́х (accusative animate plural)
-их (accusative animate plural)
-и́ху (accusative inanimate singular)
-иху (accusative inanimate singular)
-и́хи (accusative inanimate plural)
-ихи (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́хой (instrumental singular)
-и́хою (instrumental singular)
-ихой (instrumental singular)
-ихою (instrumental singular)
-и́хами (instrumental plural)
-ихами (instrumental plural)
-и́хе (prepositional singular)
-ихе (prepositional singular)
-и́хах (plural prepositional)
-ихах (plural prepositional)

бобр (bobr, “beaver”) + -иха (-ixa) → бобри́ха (bobríxa, “female beaver”)

бегемо́т (begemót, “hippopotamus”) → бегемо́тиха (begemótixa, “female hippopotamus”)

барсу́к (barsúk, “badger”) → барсучи́ха (barsučíxa, “female badger”)

за́яц (zájac, “hare”) (oblique stem зайц- (zajc-)) → зайчи́ха (zajčíxa, “female hare”)

ёж (jož, “hedgehog”) → ежи́ха (ježíxa, “female hedgehog”)

Forms nouns referring to feminine animals.


-иха

-и́ха (canonical)
-иха (canonical)
-ýxa (romanization)
-yxa (romanization)

кова́ль (koválʹ, “smith”) → ковали́ха (kovalýxa, “smith's wife”)

Кайда́ш (Kajdáš) → Кайдаши́ха (Kajdašýxa, “wife of a man with the surname Kaydash, a married woman with the surname Kaydash”)

Тимоше́нко (Tymošénko) → Тимоше́нчиха (Tymošénčyxa, “wife of a man with the surname Tymoshenko, a married woman with the surname Tymoshenko”)

бобе́р (bobér, “beaver”) + -иха (-yxa) → бобри́ха (bobrýxa, “female beaver”)

борсу́к (borsúk, “badger”) → борсучи́ха (borsučýxa, “female badger”)

за́єць (zájecʹ, “hare”) (oblique stem зайц- (zajc-)) → зайчи́ха (zajčýxa, “female hare”)

жук (žuk, “beetle”) → жучи́ха (žučýxa, “female beetle”)


-ččëtēk

Western Samic:

Lule Sami: -hit

Northern Sami: -šit

Eastern Samic:

Kildin Sami: -шэ (-še)

Related to the Finnic sensive suffixes (compare Finnish -ksia and -ksua), thus a reconstruction of *-kšëtēk is more probable.

Forms verbs from adjectives indicating an opinion or consideration.


-ājëtēk

Western Samic:

Ume Sami: -ájit

Pite Sami: -át

Lule Sami: -át

Northern Sami: -át

Eastern Samic:

Kildin Sami: -ъе (-’e)


-ujëtēk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -edh

Ume Sami: -at

Pite Sami: -ut

Lule Sami: -ut

Northern Sami: -ot

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -uđ

Skolt Sami: -jed

Kildin Sami: -ъе (-’e)


-ušëtēk

Western Samic:

Pite Sami: -uhit

Lule Sami: -uhit

Northern Sami: -ot


-ntētēk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -didh

Lule Sami: -dit

Northern Sami: -dit

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -diđ

Skolt Sami: -eed


-āšëtēk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -asjidh

Pite Sami: -ahit

Lule Sami: -ahit

Northern Sami: -át

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: -áđ


-nëtēk

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: -nidh

Lule Sami: -nit

Northern Sami: -nit

Eastern Samic:

Skolt Sami: -ned

Kildin Sami: -нэ (-ne)


-ëntëtēk

Western Samic:

Pite Sami: -adit

Lule Sami: -adit

Northern Sami: -adit

Eastern Samic:

Kildin Sami: -нэ (-ne)


dynamo-

From Ancient Greek δυναμικός (dunamikós, “powerful”), from δύναμις (dúnamis, “power”), from δύναμαι (dúnamai, “I am able”).


dynamo-

From Ancient Greek δυναμικός (dunamikós).

dynamo- + -graf → dynamograf


-lias

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-lias (front vowel harmony variant -liäs, linguistic notation -liAs)

-liäs (front-vowel)
-lias (nominative singular)
-liaat (nominative plural)
-lias (accusative nominative singular)
-liaat (accusative nominative plural)
-liaan (accusative genitive singular)
-liaat (accusative genitive plural)
-liaan (genitive singular)
-liaiden (genitive plural)
-liaitten (genitive plural)
-liasten (genitive plural rare)
-liasta (partitive singular)
-liaita (partitive plural)
-liaassa (inessive singular)
-liaissa (inessive plural)
-liaasta (elative singular)
-liaista (elative plural)
-liaaseen (illative singular)
-liaisiin (illative plural)
-liaihin (illative plural rare)
-liaalla (adessive singular)
-liailla (adessive plural)
-liaalta (ablative singular)
-liailta (ablative plural)
-liaalle (allative singular)
-liaille (allative plural)
-liaana (essive singular)
-liaina (essive plural)
-liaaksi (singular translative)
-liaiksi (plural translative)
-liaatta (abessive singular)
-liaitta (abessive plural)
-liain (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-liaani (nominative singular)
-liaani (nominative plural)
-liaani (accusative nominative singular)
-liaani (accusative nominative plural)
-liaani (accusative genitive singular)
-liaani (accusative genitive plural)
-liaani (genitive singular)
-liaideni (genitive plural)
-liaitteni (genitive plural)
-liasteni (genitive plural rare)
-liastani (partitive singular)
-liaitani (partitive plural)
-liaassani (inessive singular)
-liaissani (inessive plural)
-liaastani (elative singular)
-liaistani (elative plural)
-liaaseeni (illative singular)
-liaisiini (illative plural)
-liaihini (illative plural rare)
-liaallani (adessive singular)
-liaillani (adessive plural)
-liaaltani (ablative singular)
-liailtani (ablative plural)
-liaalleni (allative singular)
-liailleni (allative plural)
-liaanani (essive singular)
-liainani (essive plural)
-liaakseni (singular translative)
-liaikseni (plural translative)
-liaattani (abessive singular)
-liaittani (abessive plural)
-liaineni (comitative plural)
-liaasi (nominative singular)
-liaasi (nominative plural)
-liaasi (accusative nominative singular)
-liaasi (accusative nominative plural)
-liaasi (accusative genitive singular)
-liaasi (accusative genitive plural)
-liaasi (genitive singular)
-liaidesi (genitive plural)
-liaittesi (genitive plural)
-liastesi (genitive plural rare)
-liastasi (partitive singular)
-liaitasi (partitive plural)
-liaassasi (inessive singular)
-liaissasi (inessive plural)
-liaastasi (elative singular)
-liaistasi (elative plural)
-liaaseesi (illative singular)
-liaisiisi (illative plural)
-liaihisi (illative plural rare)
-liaallasi (adessive singular)
-liaillasi (adessive plural)
-liaaltasi (ablative singular)
-liailtasi (ablative plural)
-liaallesi (allative singular)
-liaillesi (allative plural)
-liaanasi (essive singular)
-liainasi (essive plural)
-liaaksesi (singular translative)
-liaiksesi (plural translative)
-liaattasi (abessive singular)
-liaittasi (abessive plural)
-liainesi (comitative plural)
-liaamme (nominative singular)
-liaamme (nominative plural)
-liaamme (accusative nominative singular)
-liaamme (accusative nominative plural)
-liaamme (accusative genitive singular)
-liaamme (accusative genitive plural)
-liaamme (genitive singular)
-liaidemme (genitive plural)
-liaittemme (genitive plural)
-liastemme (genitive plural rare)
-liastamme (partitive singular)
-liaitamme (partitive plural)
-liaassamme (inessive singular)
-liaissamme (inessive plural)
-liaastamme (elative singular)
-liaistamme (elative plural)
-liaaseemme (illative singular)
-liaisiimme (illative plural)
-liaihimme (illative plural rare)
-liaallamme (adessive singular)
-liaillamme (adessive plural)
-liaaltamme (ablative singular)
-liailtamme (ablative plural)
-liaallemme (allative singular)
-liaillemme (allative plural)
-liaanamme (essive singular)
-liainamme (essive plural)
-liaaksemme (singular translative)
-liaiksemme (plural translative)
-liaattamme (abessive singular)
-liaittamme (abessive plural)
-liainemme (comitative plural)
-liaanne (nominative singular)
-liaanne (nominative plural)
-liaanne (accusative nominative singular)
-liaanne (accusative nominative plural)
-liaanne (accusative genitive singular)
-liaanne (accusative genitive plural)
-liaanne (genitive singular)
-liaidenne (genitive plural)
-liaittenne (genitive plural)
-liastenne (genitive plural rare)
-liastanne (partitive singular)
-liaitanne (partitive plural)
-liaassanne (inessive singular)
-liaissanne (inessive plural)
-liaastanne (elative singular)
-liaistanne (elative plural)
-liaaseenne (illative singular)
-liaisiinne (illative plural)
-liaihinne (illative plural rare)
-liaallanne (adessive singular)
-liaillanne (adessive plural)
-liaaltanne (ablative singular)
-liailtanne (ablative plural)
-liaallenne (allative singular)
-liaillenne (allative plural)
-liaananne (essive singular)
-liainanne (essive plural)
-liaaksenne (singular translative)
-liaiksenne (plural translative)
-liaattanne (abessive singular)
-liaittanne (abessive plural)
-liainenne (comitative plural)
-liaansa (nominative singular)
-liaansa (nominative plural)
-liaansa (accusative nominative singular)
-liaansa (accusative nominative plural)
-liaansa (accusative genitive singular)
-liaansa (accusative genitive plural)
-liaansa (genitive singular)
-liaidensa (genitive plural)
-liaittensa (genitive plural)
-liastensa (genitive plural rare)
-liastaan (partitive singular)
-liastansa (partitive singular)
-liaitaan (partitive plural)
-liaitansa (partitive plural)
-liaassaan (inessive singular)
-liaassansa (inessive singular)
-liaissaan (inessive plural)
-liaissansa (inessive plural)
-liaastaan (elative singular)
-liaastansa (elative singular)
-liaistaan (elative plural)
-liaistansa (elative plural)
-liaaseensa (illative singular)
-liaisiinsa (illative plural)
-liaihinsa (illative plural rare)
-liaallaan (adessive singular)
-liaallansa (adessive singular)
-liaillaan (adessive plural)
-liaillansa (adessive plural)
-liaaltaan (ablative singular)
-liaaltansa (ablative singular)
-liailtaan (ablative plural)
-liailtansa (ablative plural)
-liaalleen (allative singular)
-liaallensa (allative singular)
-liailleen (allative plural)
-liaillensa (allative plural)
-liaanaan (essive singular)
-liaanansa (essive singular)
-liainaan (essive plural)
-liainansa (essive plural)
-liaakseen (singular translative)
-liaaksensa (singular translative)
-liaikseen (plural translative)
-liaiksensa (plural translative)
-liaattaan (abessive singular)
-liaattansa (abessive singular)
-liaittaan (abessive plural)
-liaittansa (abessive plural)
-liaineen (comitative plural)
-liainensa (comitative plural)

From -ias, probably via re-extraction from -elias or being attached to stems ending in -l.


-elias

-elias (front vowel harmony variant -eliäs, linguistic notation -eliAs)

-eliäs (front-vowel)
-elias (nominative singular)
-eliaat (nominative plural)
-elias (accusative nominative singular)
-eliaat (accusative nominative plural)
-eliaan (accusative genitive singular)
-eliaat (accusative genitive plural)
-eliaan (genitive singular)
-eliaiden (genitive plural)
-eliaitten (genitive plural)
-eliasten (genitive plural rare)
-eliasta (partitive singular)
-eliaita (partitive plural)
-eliaassa (inessive singular)
-eliaissa (inessive plural)
-eliaasta (elative singular)
-eliaista (elative plural)
-eliaaseen (illative singular)
-eliaisiin (illative plural)
-eliaihin (illative plural rare)
-eliaalla (adessive singular)
-eliailla (adessive plural)
-eliaalta (ablative singular)
-eliailta (ablative plural)
-eliaalle (allative singular)
-eliaille (allative plural)
-eliaana (essive singular)
-eliaina (essive plural)
-eliaaksi (singular translative)
-eliaiksi (plural translative)
-eliaatta (abessive singular)
-eliaitta (abessive plural)
-eliain (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-eliaani (nominative singular)
-eliaani (nominative plural)
-eliaani (accusative nominative singular)
-eliaani (accusative nominative plural)
-eliaani (accusative genitive singular)
-eliaani (accusative genitive plural)
-eliaani (genitive singular)
-eliaideni (genitive plural)
-eliaitteni (genitive plural)
-eliasteni (genitive plural rare)
-eliastani (partitive singular)
-eliaitani (partitive plural)
-eliaassani (inessive singular)
-eliaissani (inessive plural)
-eliaastani (elative singular)
-eliaistani (elative plural)
-eliaaseeni (illative singular)
-eliaisiini (illative plural)
-eliaihini (illative plural rare)
-eliaallani (adessive singular)
-eliaillani (adessive plural)
-eliaaltani (ablative singular)
-eliailtani (ablative plural)
-eliaalleni (allative singular)
-eliailleni (allative plural)
-eliaanani (essive singular)
-eliainani (essive plural)
-eliaakseni (singular translative)
-eliaikseni (plural translative)
-eliaattani (abessive singular)
-eliaittani (abessive plural)
-eliaineni (comitative plural)
-eliaasi (nominative singular)
-eliaasi (nominative plural)
-eliaasi (accusative nominative singular)
-eliaasi (accusative nominative plural)
-eliaasi (accusative genitive singular)
-eliaasi (accusative genitive plural)
-eliaasi (genitive singular)
-eliaidesi (genitive plural)
-eliaittesi (genitive plural)
-eliastesi (genitive plural rare)
-eliastasi (partitive singular)
-eliaitasi (partitive plural)
-eliaassasi (inessive singular)
-eliaissasi (inessive plural)
-eliaastasi (elative singular)
-eliaistasi (elative plural)
-eliaaseesi (illative singular)
-eliaisiisi (illative plural)
-eliaihisi (illative plural rare)
-eliaallasi (adessive singular)
-eliaillasi (adessive plural)
-eliaaltasi (ablative singular)
-eliailtasi (ablative plural)
-eliaallesi (allative singular)
-eliaillesi (allative plural)
-eliaanasi (essive singular)
-eliainasi (essive plural)
-eliaaksesi (singular translative)
-eliaiksesi (plural translative)
-eliaattasi (abessive singular)
-eliaittasi (abessive plural)
-eliainesi (comitative plural)
-eliaamme (nominative singular)
-eliaamme (nominative plural)
-eliaamme (accusative nominative singular)
-eliaamme (accusative nominative plural)
-eliaamme (accusative genitive singular)
-eliaamme (accusative genitive plural)
-eliaamme (genitive singular)
-eliaidemme (genitive plural)
-eliaittemme (genitive plural)
-eliastemme (genitive plural rare)
-eliastamme (partitive singular)
-eliaitamme (partitive plural)
-eliaassamme (inessive singular)
-eliaissamme (inessive plural)
-eliaastamme (elative singular)
-eliaistamme (elative plural)
-eliaaseemme (illative singular)
-eliaisiimme (illative plural)
-eliaihimme (illative plural rare)
-eliaallamme (adessive singular)
-eliaillamme (adessive plural)
-eliaaltamme (ablative singular)
-eliailtamme (ablative plural)
-eliaallemme (allative singular)
-eliaillemme (allative plural)
-eliaanamme (essive singular)
-eliainamme (essive plural)
-eliaaksemme (singular translative)
-eliaiksemme (plural translative)
-eliaattamme (abessive singular)
-eliaittamme (abessive plural)
-eliainemme (comitative plural)
-eliaanne (nominative singular)
-eliaanne (nominative plural)
-eliaanne (accusative nominative singular)
-eliaanne (accusative nominative plural)
-eliaanne (accusative genitive singular)
-eliaanne (accusative genitive plural)
-eliaanne (genitive singular)
-eliaidenne (genitive plural)
-eliaittenne (genitive plural)
-eliastenne (genitive plural rare)
-eliastanne (partitive singular)
-eliaitanne (partitive plural)
-eliaassanne (inessive singular)
-eliaissanne (inessive plural)
-eliaastanne (elative singular)
-eliaistanne (elative plural)
-eliaaseenne (illative singular)
-eliaisiinne (illative plural)
-eliaihinne (illative plural rare)
-eliaallanne (adessive singular)
-eliaillanne (adessive plural)
-eliaaltanne (ablative singular)
-eliailtanne (ablative plural)
-eliaallenne (allative singular)
-eliaillenne (allative plural)
-eliaananne (essive singular)
-eliainanne (essive plural)
-eliaaksenne (singular translative)
-eliaiksenne (plural translative)
-eliaattanne (abessive singular)
-eliaittanne (abessive plural)
-eliainenne (comitative plural)
-eliaansa (nominative singular)
-eliaansa (nominative plural)
-eliaansa (accusative nominative singular)
-eliaansa (accusative nominative plural)
-eliaansa (accusative genitive singular)
-eliaansa (accusative genitive plural)
-eliaansa (genitive singular)
-eliaidensa (genitive plural)
-eliaittensa (genitive plural)
-eliastensa (genitive plural rare)
-eliastaan (partitive singular)
-eliastansa (partitive singular)
-eliaitaan (partitive plural)
-eliaitansa (partitive plural)
-eliaassaan (inessive singular)
-eliaassansa (inessive singular)
-eliaissaan (inessive plural)
-eliaissansa (inessive plural)
-eliaastaan (elative singular)
-eliaastansa (elative singular)
-eliaistaan (elative plural)
-eliaistansa (elative plural)
-eliaaseensa (illative singular)
-eliaisiinsa (illative plural)
-eliaihinsa (illative plural rare)
-eliaallaan (adessive singular)
-eliaallansa (adessive singular)
-eliaillaan (adessive plural)
-eliaillansa (adessive plural)
-eliaaltaan (ablative singular)
-eliaaltansa (ablative singular)
-eliailtaan (ablative plural)
-eliailtansa (ablative plural)
-eliaalleen (allative singular)
-eliaallensa (allative singular)
-eliailleen (allative plural)
-eliaillensa (allative plural)
-eliaanaan (essive singular)
-eliaanansa (essive singular)
-eliainaan (essive plural)
-eliainansa (essive plural)
-eliaakseen (singular translative)
-eliaaksensa (singular translative)
-eliaikseen (plural translative)
-eliaiksensa (plural translative)
-eliaattaan (abessive singular)
-eliaattansa (abessive singular)
-eliaittaan (abessive plural)
-eliaittansa (abessive plural)
-eliaineen (comitative plural)
-eliainensa (comitative plural)

From -ella + -ias, extracted from adjectives such as antelias, kohtelias.


परा-

denotes the opposite, far, distant, beyond


pam-

pam- + bati (“beat”) → pambati (“whisk”)

pam- + bahay (“house”) → pambahay (“for use at home”)

pam- + bura (“erasure”) → pambura (“eraser”)

pam- + palo (“spank”) → pamalo (“spanker”)

Alternative form of pang-, if the root starts with bilabial consonants, such as ⟨b⟩ or ⟨p⟩, which gets nasally assimilated to the prefix ending, especially with ⟨p⟩ or sometimes ⟨b⟩.


-tl

Absolutive suffix for noun bases that end with a vowel.


-lli

-l + -tli (absolutive suffix). Gemination arises from regular assimilation of -l- and -tl-.

Forms a passive participle from any verb.


hoch-

A prefixed variation of the adverb hoch.


ना-

Borrowed from Classical Persian ناـ (nā-).

bor+

ना- (nā-) + मुमकिन (mumkin, “possible”) → नामुमकिन (nāmumkin, “impossible”)


-mientu

From Late Latin -mentum, from Latin -menta. Doublet of -mentu.

-ment, forming nouns from verbs with the sense of the action or process.


-юшка

-юшка (canonical)
-ю́шка (canonical)
-juška (romanization)
-júška (romanization)
-юшка (nominative singular)
-ю́шка (nominative singular)
-юшки (nominative plural)
-ю́шки (nominative plural)
-юшки (genitive singular)
-ю́шки (genitive singular)
-юшек (genitive plural)
-ю́шек (genitive plural)
-юшке (dative singular)
-ю́шке (dative singular)
-юшкам (dative plural)
-ю́шкам (dative plural)
-юшку (accusative singular)
-ю́шку (accusative singular)
-юшки (accusative plural)
-ю́шки (accusative plural)
-юшкой (instrumental singular)
-юшкою (instrumental singular)
-ю́шкой (instrumental singular)
-ю́шкою (instrumental singular)
-юшками (instrumental plural)
-ю́шками (instrumental plural)
-юшке (prepositional singular)
-ю́шке (prepositional singular)
-юшках (plural prepositional)
-ю́шках (plural prepositional)

ба́тя (bátja, “dad”) + -юшка (-juška) → ба́тюшка (bátjuška, “father (addressed to a priest); dear friend, old boy (respectful and affectionate term of address)”)

зверь (zverʹ, “animal”) + -ю́шка (-júška) → зверю́шка (zverjúška, “small animal”)


hinweg-

A verbal prefix indicating movement away from the speaker


-ишка

-и́шка (canonical)
-ишка (canonical)
-íška (romanization)
-iška (romanization)
-и́шка (nominative singular)
-ишка (nominative singular)
-и́шки (nominative plural)
-ишки (nominative plural)
-и́шки (genitive singular)
-ишки (genitive singular)
-и́шек (genitive plural)
-ишек (genitive plural)
-и́шке (dative singular)
-ишке (dative singular)
-и́шкам (dative plural)
-ишкам (dative plural)
-и́шку (accusative singular)
-ишку (accusative singular)
-и́шки (accusative plural)
-ишки (accusative plural)
-и́шкой (instrumental singular)
-и́шкою (instrumental singular)
-ишкой (instrumental singular)
-ишкою (instrumental singular)
-и́шками (instrumental plural)
-ишками (instrumental plural)
-и́шке (prepositional singular)
-ишке (prepositional singular)
-и́шках (plural prepositional)
-ишках (plural prepositional)

сын (syn, “son”) + -и́шка (-íška) → сыни́шка (syníška, “sonny, little son”)

вор (vor, “thief”) + -и́шка (-íška) → вори́шка (voríška, “petty thief (derogatory)”)

мещани́н (meščanín, “petit bourgeois, philistine”) + -ишка (-iška) → мещани́нишка (meščaníniška, “petty philistine (derogatory)”)

па́рень (párenʹ, “fellow”) + -и́шка (-íška) → парни́шка (parníška, “lad, boy”)

мысль (myslʹ, “thought, idea”) + -и́шка (-íška) → мысли́шка (myslíška, “petty thought, petty judgment (derogatory)”)

шине́ль (šinélʹ, “overcoat”) + -ишка (-iška) → шине́лишка (šinéliška, “nasty overcoat (derogatory)”)

ма́льч(ик) (málʹč(ik), “boy”) + -ишка (-iška) → мальчи́шка (malʹčíška, “urchin, greenhorn”)

Suffix added to normally masculine nouns, forms diminutives, often with a pejorative meaning.


meco-

From combining form of Ancient Greek μῆκος (mêkos, “length”).


еуро-

Euro- (forms words relating to Europe and the European Union)


-ячий

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-я́чий • (-jáčij)

-я́чий (canonical)
-jáčij (romanization)
-я́чий (masculine nominative)
-я́чее (neuter nominative)
-я́чая (feminine nominative)
-я́чие (nominative plural)
-я́чего (genitive masculine neuter)
-я́чей (feminine genitive)
-я́чих (genitive plural)
-я́чему (dative masculine neuter)
-я́чей (dative feminine)
-я́чим (dative plural)
-я́чего (accusative animate masculine)
-я́чее (accusative neuter)
-я́чую (accusative feminine)
-я́чих (accusative animate plural)
-я́чий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-я́чие (accusative inanimate plural)
-я́чим (instrumental masculine neuter)
-я́чей (feminine instrumental)
-я́чею (feminine instrumental)
-я́чими (instrumental plural)
-я́чем (masculine neuter prepositional)
-я́чей (feminine prepositional)
-я́чих (plural prepositional)
-я́ч (masculine short-form)
-я́че (neuter short-form)
-я́ча (feminine short-form)
-я́чи (plural short-form)

Inherited from Late Proto-Slavic *-ęťь, a present active participial suffix. Doublet of -я́щий (-jáščij), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic -ѧщи (-ęšti) which replaced this suffix as the normal present participle suffix. See also the present active participle section of Template:cu-conj-i-type.

висе́ть (visétʹ, “to hang”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → вися́чий (visjáčij, “hanging, suspended”)

ходи́ть (xodítʹ, “to walk”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → ходя́чий (xodjáčij, “walking; current”)

стоя́ть (stojátʹ, “to stand”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → стоя́чий (stojáčij, “standing; stagnant”)

горе́ть (gorétʹ, “to burn”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → горя́чий (gorjáčij, “hot; hot-tempered”)

Adjective-forming suffix, added to intransitive verbs, particularly class 4 verbs (in -ить (-itʹ)) and class 5 verbs (in -еть (-etʹ) or -ять (-jatʹ)), indicating being in the state of that verb.

-а́чий — after the unpaired sounds ч ж ш щ ц


-άρω

First entered Greek through borrowings with the Italian -are verb ending but now often applied to non-Italian stems.

γράδο (grádo, “hydrometre”) + -άρω (-áro) → γραδάρω (gradáro, “to measure liquid density”)

κόρνα (kórna, “horn”) + -άρω (-áro) → κορνάρω (kornáro, “to blow the horn, to honk”)

φρένο (fréno, “brake”) + -άρω (-áro) → φρενάρω (frenáro, “to brake”)

σουτ (sout, “shoot”) + -άρω (-áro) → σουτάρω (soutáro, “to shoot (the ball)”)

φλερτ (flert, “flirting”) + -άρω (-áro) → φλερτάρω (flertáro, “to flirt”)

Added to a noun to form an active verb with that element: