డెకా-

head

డెకా- • (ḍekā-)

In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10. Symbol: da


డెసీ-

డెసీ- • (ḍesī-)

International System of Units
International System of Units

In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10⁻¹. Symbol: d


సెంటీ-

సెంటీ- • (seṇṭī-)

In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10⁻². Symbol: c


సూక్ష్మ-

సూక్ష్మ- • (sūkṣma-)


-ledes

in a manner, by a means; creating adverbs


chorio-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from chorion; more at chorion § Etymology.

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary


-ário

pt-noun

-ário m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ários, feminine -ária, feminine plural -árias)

-ários (plural)
-ária (feminine)
-árias (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin -ārium and -ārius. Compare the inherited doublet -eiro.

cartório (“office of a notary public”) + -ário → cartorário (“notary public”)

biblioteca (“library”) + -ário → bibliotecário (“librarian”)

expedição (“expedition”) + -ário → expedicionário (“one who partakes in an expedition”)

forms nouns, from nouns, denoting someone who works at or with the suffixed noun; -er; -eer


-yni

-yni (nominative singular)
-yňi (dual nominative)
-yňę̇ (nominative plural)
-yňę̇ (genitive singular)
-yňu (dual genitive)
-yňь (genitive plural)
-yňi (dative singular)
-yňama (dative dual)
-yňamъ (dative plural)
-yňǫ (accusative singular)
-yňi (accusative dual)
-yňę̇ (accusative plural)
-yňejǫ (instrumental singular)
-yňǫ (instrumental singular)
-yňama (dual instrumental)
-yňami (instrumental plural)
-yňi (locative singular)
-yňu (dual locative)
-yňasъ (locative plural)
-yňaxъ (locative plural)
-yňe (singular vocative)
-yňi (dual vocative)
-yňę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -ꙑни (-yni)

Belarusian: -іня (-inja), -ыня (-ynja)

Russian: -иня (-inja), -ыня (-ynja)

Ukrainian: -иня (-ynja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: -ꙑн҄и (-ynʹi)

Glagolitic: -ⱏⰹⱀⰻ (-yni)

Bulgarian: -иня (-inja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -иња

Latin script: -inja

Slovene: -inja

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -yni, -yně

Czech: -yně

Kashubian: -ëni

Old Polish: -yni

Polish: -ini, -yni

Old Slovak: -yňa

Pannonian Rusyn: -иня (-inja)

Slovak: -yňa

Resultant from the fossilization of the feminine agentive suffix *-ni (“one”) to v-stem *-y. In rare cases, the original v-stem noun has survived, e.g. *smoky (“fig”) + *-ni → *smokyni (“fig fruit”).
Nominative singular *-yni (with a hard consonant), genitive *-ynję (with a soft consonant) reflects Proto-Indo-European proterokinetic *ʹ-ih₂, *-yéh₂-s, and is a cognate inflectional class as found in Sanskrit देवी (devī́, “goddess”) (genitive देव्या (devyāḥ)), Ancient Greek Μοῦσα (Moûsa, “Muse”) (genitive Μούσης (Moúsēs)), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐍅𐌹 (mawi, “girl”) (genitive 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉𐍃 (maujōs)) and Lithuanian martì (“daughter in law”) (genitive marčiõs).
Already during the Balto-Slavic period these nouns almost completely merged with jā-stems, but kept the separate nominative singular ending. In Late Common Slavic this was leveled out, and already in Old Church Slavonic nominative singular is attested spelled with the soft consonant, following the rest of the paradigm.

prostъ (“simple, straight; free”) → *prostyni (“freedom, liberty”)

svętъ (“holy”) → *svętyni (“holiness, sacredness”)

bolgъ (“mild, gentle”) → *bolgyni (“prosperity, welfare”)

pustъ (“barren, empty”) → *pustyni (“wasteland”)

Deadjectival, forming feminine nouns denoting a carrier of the specified property, state or condition.


-yni

-yni (nominative singular)
-ynie (nominative plural)
-yni (genitive singular)
-yń (genitive plural)
-yni (dative singular)
-yniom (dative plural)
-ynię (accusative singular)
-ynie (accusative plural)
-ynią (instrumental singular)
-yniami (instrumental plural)
-yni (locative singular)
-yniach (locative plural)
-yni (singular vocative)
-ynie (plural vocative)

bóg + -yni → bogini

gospodzin + -yni → gospodyni

pracodawca + -yni → pracodawczyni

forms feminine nouns from masculine words


-teľь

-teľь (nominative singular)
-teľa (dual nominative)
-teľi (nominative plural)
-teľa (genitive singular)
-teľu (dual genitive)
-teľь (genitive plural)
-teľu (dative singular)
-teľema (dative dual)
-teľemъ (dative plural)
-teľь (accusative singular)
-teľa (accusative dual)
-teľę̇ (accusative plural)
-teľьmь (instrumental singular)
-teľemь (instrumental singular)
-teľema (dual instrumental)
-teľi (instrumental plural)
-teľi (locative singular)
-teľu (dual locative)
-teľixъ (locative plural)
-teľu (singular vocative)
-teľa (dual vocative)
-teľi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -тєль (-telĭ)

Belarusian: -цель (-cjelʹ)

Russian: -тель (-telʹ)

Ukrainian: -тель (-telʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: -тєл҄ь (-telʹĭ)

Glagolitic: -ⱅⰵⰾⱐ (-telĭ)

Bulgarian: -тел (-tel)

Macedonian: -тел (-tel)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -тељ

Latin script: -telj

Slovene: -telj

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -tel

Czech: -tel

Kashubian: -cél

Polish: -ciel

Slovak: -teľ

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -śel

Upper Sorbian: -ćel

Compounded from the original athematic suffix *-tel- (still preserved in *dętelъ, *dętьlъ (“woodpecker”) and *dętelъ (“clover”)) and *-jь. Traces of the original consonantal-stem inflection are well preserved in plural forms, such as the Old Church Slavonic nominative plural -е (-e) / -ⰵ (-e), but genitive plural -ъ (-ŭ) / -ⱏ (-ŭ)).
*-tel- formant probably continues Proto-Indo-European *-ter-, most likely as a result of dissimilation in words such as *orteľь (“plower”) < *or-tel- < *or-ter-. The alternation l : r could also be inherited, because it is already found in Proto-Indo-European, not only in common words, but also in other suffixes, such as *-tlom : *-trom, *-dʰlom : *-dʰrom, which form nomina instrumenti.
Compare *-dlo.

dati (“to give”) + *-teľь → *dateľь (“donor, giver”)

žęti + *-teľь → *žęteľь (“harvester, cropper”)

bľusti (“to be awake; watch”) + *-teľь → *bľustiteľь (“guard, guardian, sentry”)

prositi (“to ask; beg”) + *-teľь → *prositeľь (“beggar”)

dělati (“to do”) + *-teľь → *dělateľь (“worker”)

prijati (“to favor, please; be favorable”) + *-teľь → *prijateľь (“friend”)

Deverbative, forms agent nouns from the infinitive/aorist stem. Equivalent to English -er.


-ařь

-ařь (nominative singular)
-ařa (dual nominative)
-aři (nominative plural)
-ařa (genitive singular)
-ařu (dual genitive)
-ařь (genitive plural)
-ařu (dative singular)
-ařema (dative dual)
-ařemъ (dative plural)
-ařь (accusative singular)
-ařa (accusative dual)
-ařę̇ (accusative plural)
-ařьmь (instrumental singular)
-ařemь (instrumental singular)
-ařema (dual instrumental)
-aři (instrumental plural)
-aři (locative singular)
-ařu (dual locative)
-ařixъ (locative plural)
-ařu (singular vocative)
-ařa (dual vocative)
-aři (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -арь (-arĭ)

Old Ruthenian: -аръ (-ar)

Belarusian: -ар (-ar)

Ukrainian: -ар (-ar)

Russian: -арь (-arʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: -ар҄ь (-arʹĭ)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: -ар (-ar)

Macedonian: -ар (-ar)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -ар

Latin script: -ar

Slovene: -ar

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -ář, -ař

Czech: -ář, -ař

Polabian: -ăr

Old Polish: -arz
Polish: -arz

Old Slovak: -ár

Slovak: -ár

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: -ôrz

Slovincian: -órz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -aŕ

Upper Sorbian: -ar

From Gothic -𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-āreis), from Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz or from Latin -ārius. Proto-Slavic borrowed from Gothic both the derivations (e.g. *mytařь (“tax collector”) and *bukařь (“scribe, literate man”)) and their base forms (*myto (“payment, gift”) and *buky (“beech; record; document”) which enabled synchronic morphological segmentation of the borrowed denominals and finally an analogical generalization of the *-ařь suffix for forming other denominal nouns with agentive meaning, on the basis of non-borrowed nominal stems (e.g. *kľučařь on the basis of *kľučь, *zidařь on the basis of *zidъ).

myto + *-ařь → *mytařь

buky + *-ařь → *bukařь

ryba + *-ařь → *rybařь

kľučь + *-ařь → *kľučařь

-er; derives agent nouns, signifying someone who is connected to something, often by trade or profession.

vold- + *-ařь → *voldařь


-tь

-tь (nominative singular)
-ti (dual nominative)
-ti (nominative plural)
-ti (genitive singular)
-tьju (dual genitive)
-tьjь (genitive plural)
-ti (dative singular)
-tьma (dative dual)
-tьmъ (dative plural)
-tь (accusative singular)
-ti (accusative dual)
-ti (accusative plural)
-tьjǫ (instrumental singular)
-tьma (dual instrumental)
-tьmi (instrumental plural)
-ti (locative singular)
-tьju (dual locative)
-tьxъ (locative plural)
-ti (singular vocative)
-ti (dual vocative)
-ti (plural vocative)

merti (“to die”) → *sъmьrtь (“death”)

mogti > *moťi (“to be able to, can”) → *mogtь > *moťь (“power, strength”)

pekti > *peťi (“to bake”) → *pektь > *peťь (“furnace”)

padti > *pasti (“to fall”) → *padtь >*pastь (“trap”)

mazati (“to grease”) → *maztь > *mastь (“ointment”)

dē- (“to suck”) > *dětь (“child”)

Deverbative, creates nouns denoting act, state, objects or tools.

-ťь

palatalized form when the verbal root ends in velar consonant


-oth

Used to form plurals of some Hebrew loanwords ending in -a or -ah.


-erij

From Old French -erie, a suffix forming abstract nouns. The suffix first occurs in loans from French, but became productive within Dutch. Similar to English -ery, Afrikaans -ery, German -erei, French -erie.

boekerij (“library”)

a place containing a collection, class or group


־ל

Hebrew: ־לה (-le)

From Middle High German -el, from Old High German -il, from Old High German -ilī. Compare German -lein, dialectal German -el, -erl, Alemannic German -li.

Forms fractional numerals when added to the stem of an ordinal numeral.


-cidium

-cīdium (canonical neuter)
-cīdiī (genitive)
-cīdī (genitive)
-cīdium (nominative singular)
-cīdia (nominative plural)
-cīdiī (genitive singular)
-cīdī (genitive singular)
-cīdiōrum (genitive plural)
-cīdiō (dative singular)
-cīdiīs (dative plural)
-cīdium (accusative singular)
-cīdia (accusative plural)
-cīdiō (ablative singular)
-cīdiīs (ablative plural)
-cīdium (singular vocative)
-cīdia (plural vocative)

English: -cide (merged with -cīda)

Dalmatian: -cido

Italian: -cidio

Spanish: -cidio

Portuguese: -cídio

[ˈkiːd̪iʊ̃ˑ]

From -cīda (suffix denoting “killer”, “cutter”) + -ium.

suffix

Denotes an act of killing or a slaughter


διά-

διά- (diá-) + δρόμος (drómos, “way”) → διάδρομος (diádromos, “corridor”)

identical form of δια- (dia-) with accent


απ-

Alternative form of απο- (apo-) (before vowels which used to receive the ancient smooth breathing)

αφ-

before vowels which used to receive the ancient rough breathing


-tlah

cuahuitl (“tree”) → cuauhtlah (“forest”, literally “place abounding with trees”)

tepētl (“mountain”) → tepētlah (“highland, mountain range”, literally “place abounding with mountains”)

(locative, added to nouns) in a place abundant in or abounding with.


-izēt

Ultimately from Latin -izāre, itself from Ancient Greek -ίζειν (-ízein); found only in words borrowed from other languages (compare English -ize, -ise, French -iser, Spanish, Portuguese -izar, Italian -izzare), German -isieren, Russian -изировать (-izirovatʹ)).

Usually added to foreign nouns or adjectives to form verbs with the sense "to make (something) be (what is denoted by the original noun or adjective)".


wes-

wes- + przeć → wesprzeć

alternative form of wz-, used before some voiceless consonant clusters


-trum

-trī (genitive)
-trum (nominative singular)
-tra (nominative plural)
-trī (genitive singular)
-trōrum (genitive plural)
-trō (dative singular)
-trīs (dative plural)
-trum (accusative singular)
-tra (accusative plural)
-trō (ablative singular)
-trīs (ablative plural)
-trum (singular vocative)
-tra (plural vocative)

In inherited words, from Proto-Italic *-trom, from Proto-Indo-European *-trom. In words borrowed from Greek (and possibly in some neologisms), from Ancient Greek -τρον (-tron, instrument noun suffix), a cognate of the Latin ending. Ultimately from the same source as -culum, -crum, -bulum, -brum, which seem to have originated as contextual variants of a single suffix.

bor

suffix forming instrument nouns from verbs


-ināt

audzināt (“to raise, bring up”) < augt (“to grow”)

raudināt (“to make cry”) < raudāt (“to cry”)

biedināt (“to scare, frighten”) < biedēt (“to scare, frighten”)

kurināt < kurt

cepināt (“to grill, bake (for long time)”) < cept (“to bake, roast, fry”)

nabadzināt (“to make poor”) < nabags (“poor”)

saldināt (“to sweeten”) < salds (“sweet”)

biezināt (“to thicken”) < biezs (“thick”)

mazināt (“to reduce”) < mazs (“small”)

īsināt (“shorten”) < īss (“short”)

dievināt (“to deify, idolize”) < dievs (“god”)

causative or factitive, from nouns (sometimes)


-ьcь

-ьcь (nominative singular)
-ьca (dual nominative)
-ьci (nominative plural)
-ьca (genitive singular)
-ьcu (dual genitive)
-ьcь (genitive plural)
-ьcu (dative singular)
-ьcema (dative dual)
-ьcemъ (dative plural)
-ьcь (accusative singular)
-ьca (accusative dual)
-ьcę̇ (accusative plural)
-ьcьmь (instrumental singular)
-ьcemь (instrumental singular)
-ьcema (dual instrumental)
-ьci (instrumental plural)
-ьci (locative singular)
-ьcu (dual locative)
-ьcixъ (locative plural)
-ьče (singular vocative)
-ьca (dual vocative)
-ьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)

Old Ruthenian: -ець (-ecʹ), -ецъ (-ecʹ)

Belarusian: -ец (-jec)

Ukrainian: -ець (-ecʹ)

Russian: -ец (-ec)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)

Glagolitic: -ⱐⱌⱐ (-ĭcĭ)

Bulgarian: -ец (-ec)

Macedonian: -ец (-ec)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -ац, -ец (Kajkavian)

Latin script: -ac, -ec (Kajkavian)

Slovene: -ec

West Slavic:

Czech: -ec

Kashubian: -c

Polabian: -ăc

Polish: -iec, -ec

Slovak: -ec

From earlier *-ьkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas, from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos.
Cognate with Lithuanian -ikas, -ikis in siuvikas, siuvikis (< siūti, siùvo), piovikas (“reaper”) (< piáuti, pióvė).
Cognate with Lithuanian -ingas, Latvian -īgs, Proto-Germanic *-igaz, Latin -icus, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós). Typically, these suffixes fulfill adjectival function (similar to Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ), however, sometimes their derivatives could also act as nominals like in Slavic.
Comparison with other languages points to the antiquity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives.

šiti (“to sew”) + *-ьcь → *šьvьcь (“sewer, seamster”)

plęsati (“to dance”) + *-ьcь → *plęsьcь (“dancer”)

loviti (“to hunt”) + *-ьcь → *lovьcь (“hunter”)

gǫsti (“to play a string instrument”) + *-ьcь → *gǫdьcь (“musician”)


-agán

nominative (indefinite)
-agán (indefinite singular)
-agáin (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a -agáin (indefinite singular)
a -agána (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
-agáin (indefinite singular)
-agán (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an -agán (definite singular)
na -agáin (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an -agáin (definite singular)
na -agán (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an -agán (definite singular)
don -agán (definite singular)
leis na -agáin (definite plural)

From Old Irish -acán, equivalent to -óg + -án.

A suffix used to derives instruments, diminutives, and other nouns from primary nouns in Irish.


-opsis

From Ancient Greek ὄψις (ópsis, “aspect", "appearance”).

der

Used to form taxonomic names, often at the level of genus: resemblance


-haltig

LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--haltig.wav

-ferous, -iferous (containing a specified substance, especially metal)


-haltig

en alkoholhaltig dryck

en koffeinhaltig dryck

kalkhaltig
calciferous


-ão

pt-noun

-ão m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ões, feminine -ona, feminine plural -onas)

-ões (plural)
-ona (feminine)
-onas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -on, from Latin -ōnem. Akin to Spanish -ón, Italian -one and French -on, compare Romanian -oi.

-zão

after words stressed on the last syllable

calça (“pants”) + -ão → calção (“shorts”)

agulha (“needle”) + -ão → agulhão (“sharp rock on a riverbed”)

fogo (“fire”) + -ão → fogão (“stove”)

forms nouns, from nouns, denoting an item of the same class as the suffixed noun, or which shares a characteristic with the suffixed noun

cinco (“five”) + -ão → cincão (“five bucks”)

mil (“thousand”) + -ão → milzão (“a thousand bucks”)

(Brazil, slang) forms nouns, from a numeral X, meaning “X amount of money” or “a bill worth X”


-ão

-ão m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ãos, feminine -ã, feminine plural -ãs)

pt-adj

-ão (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ã, masculine plural -ãos, feminine plural -ãs)

-ãos (plural)
-ã (feminine)
-ãs (feminine plural)
-ã (feminine)
-ãos (masculine plural)
-ãs (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ão, from Latin -ānus (“-ian”). Doublet of -ano.

vila (“village”) + -ão → vilão (“villager”)

cidade (“city”) + -ão → cidadão (“citizen”)

Beira (“a region in Portugal”) + -ão → beirão (“relating to Beira”, “someone from Beira”)

(no longer productive) forms adjectives, nouns and proper nouns referring to a location or type of location, meaning “of or relating to that location” and nouns meaning “someone from that location”


γλωσσο-

γλωσσο- (glosso-) + -λογία (-logía, “science”) → γλωσσολογία (glossología, “linguistics”)

Used to form terms connected with speech or language


-owaś

Used to form verbs from nouns and adjectives


-dank

A suffix that is used to make nouns from nouns


контр-

контр- (kontr-) + адмира́л (admirál, “admiral”) → контр-адмира́л (kontr-admirál, “rear admiral”)

rear (of military ranks; written with a dash)


-ьskъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *-ьskъ (hard)

Definite declension of *-ьskъ (hard)

-ьskъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
-ьska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
-ьsko (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
-ьska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
-ьsky (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
-ьska (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
-ьsku (dative indefinite masculine singular)
-ьscě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
-ьsku (dative indefinite neuter singular)
-ьskъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
-ьskǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
-ьsko (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
-ьskomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
-ьskojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
-ьskomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
-ьscě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
-ьscě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
-ьscě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
-ьšče (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
-ьsko (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
-ьsko (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
-ьska (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
-ьscě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
-ьscě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
-ьsku (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
-ьsku (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
-ьsku (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
-ьskoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
-ьskama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
-ьskoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
-ьska (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
-ьscě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
-ьscě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
-ьskoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
-ьskama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
-ьskoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
-ьsku (dual indefinite locative masculine)
-ьsku (dual feminine indefinite locative)
-ьsku (dual indefinite locative neuter)
-ьska (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
-ьscě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
-ьscě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
-ьsci (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
-ьsky (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
-ьska (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
-ьskъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
-ьskъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
-ьskъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
-ьskomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
-ьskamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
-ьskomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
-ьsky (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
-ьsky (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
-ьska (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
-ьsky (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
-ьskami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
-ьsky (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
-ьscěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
-ьskaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
-ьscěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
-ьsci (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
-ьsky (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
-ьska (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
-ьskъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
-ьskaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
-ьskoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
-ьskajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
-ьskyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
-ьskajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
-ьskujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
-ьscěji (dative definite feminine singular)
-ьskujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
-ьskъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
-ьskǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
-ьskoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
-ьskyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
-ьskǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
-ьskyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
-ьscějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
-ьscěji (definite feminine locative singular)
-ьscějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
-ьskъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
-ьskaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
-ьskoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
-ьskaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
-ьscěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
-ьscěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
-ьskuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
-ьskuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
-ьskuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
-ьskyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
-ьskyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
-ьskyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
-ьskaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
-ьscěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
-ьscěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
-ьskyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
-ьskyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
-ьskyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
-ьskuju (definite dual locative masculine)
-ьskuju (definite dual feminine locative)
-ьskuju (definite dual locative neuter)
-ьskaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
-ьscěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
-ьscěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
-ьsciji (definite masculine nominative plural)
-ьskyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
-ьskaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
-ьskъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
-ьskъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
-ьskъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
-ьskyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
-ьskyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
-ьskyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
-ьskyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
-ьskyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
-ьskaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
-ьskyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
-ьskyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
-ьskyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
-ьskyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
-ьskyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
-ьskyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
-ьsciji (definite masculine plural vocative)
-ьskyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
-ьskaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -ьскъ (-ĭskŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: -скїй (-skij), -цкїй (-ckij)

Belarusian: -скі (-ski)

Carpathian Rusyn: -ськый (-sʹkŷj)

Ukrainian: -ський (-sʹkyj), -цький (-cʹkyj)

Russian: -ский (-skij), -цкий (-ckij), -ско́й (-skój), -ск (-sk)

Old Novgorodian: -ьске (-ĭske)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: -ьскъ (-ĭskŭ)

Bulgarian: -ски (-ski)

Macedonian: -ски (-ski)

New Church Slavonic -ьскыи (-ĭskyi)

→ Russian: -еский (-eskij)

⇒ Russian: -ческий (-českij), -ический (-ičeskij)

Old Serbo-Croatian: -ски

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -скӣ

Latin script: -skī

Slovene: -ski

West Slavic:

Czech: -ský

Old Polish: -ski

Polish: -ski, -cki, -dzki

Old Slovak: -ský

Pannonian Rusyn: -ски (-ski)

Slovak: -ský, -sky

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: -sczi

Slovincian: -skjy

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -ski

Upper Sorbian: -ski

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-iškas, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Akin to Latvian -isks, Lithuanian -iškas, Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, Latin -iscus, Ancient Greek -ίσκος (-ískos).

-ic, -ish; characteristic of, typical of


-mhar

nominative (positive)
-mhar (masculine singular)
-mhara (plural)
vocative (positive)
genitive (positive)
-mhaire (feminine singular)
-mhara (plural strong)
-mhar (plural weak)
dative (positive)
-mhar (feminine singular)
-mhair (archaic feminine singular)
níos -mhaire (comparative)
is -mhaire (superlative)

From Old Irish -mar, from már, mór (“big”).

-y (added to nouns to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”)


-otne

Added to adjectives or verbs to form abstract nouns.


-acal

Used to form an adjective from a noun, as in maniacal


-ologie

head

-ologie f (genitive -ologie, plural -ologien)


-inho

-inha (feminine)
-inhos (masculine plural)
-inhas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ỹo, from Latin -īnus (“of or relating to”). Compare Italian -ino, French -in, both diminutive suffixes. Doublet of -ino.

eu (“I”) + -z- -inho → euzinho (“I … myself”)

(informal) forms the diminutive of pronouns

intensifies or emphasises personal pronouns


-oides

Borrowed from Latin -oīdēs (“-like, -oid”).


-oides

-oīdēs (canonical)
-oīdes (neuter)
-oīdēs (neuter)
-oīdēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
-oīdes (neuter nominative singular)
-oīdēs (neuter nominative singular)
-oīda (neuter nominative plural)
-oīdia (neuter nominative plural)
-oīdis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
-oīdum (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
-oīdium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
-oīdī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-oīdibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
-oīdem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-oīdes (accusative neuter singular)
-oīdēs (accusative neuter singular)
-oīdēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-oīda (accusative neuter plural)
-oīdia (accusative neuter plural)
-oīde (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-oīdī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-oīdibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
-oīdes (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
-oīdēs (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
-oīdēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
-oīda (neuter plural vocative)
-oīdia (neuter plural vocative)

→ English: -oid

→ Translingual: -oides

From -o- + Ancient Greek -ειδής (-eidḗs, “-oid, -like”).


евро-

Euro- (forms words relating to Europe and the European Union)


niby-

niby- + nóżka → nibynóżka


ileo-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from ileum.

Of or relating to the ileum, the distal portion of the small intestine.


cervico-

From cervix + -o-, from Latin cervix (“neck, cervix”).

Of or relating to the neck or cervical vertebrae.


caudo-

Of or relating to the tail, or anything tail-shaped.


scoto-

From Ancient Greek σκότος (skótos, “darkness”).


-acanthus

From New Latin [Term?], from Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn, spine”)

(zoology) Animal having a spine as specified.


-ити

Cognate with Polish -ity, Czech and Slovak -itý.

хасновац (xasnovac, “to use”) + -ити (-iti) → хасновити (xasnoviti, “useful”)


-ити

A suffix appended to words to form a verb.


-ити

ві́ра (víra, “faith”) + -ити (-yty) → ві́рити (víryty, “to believe”)

ви́слів (výsliv, “verbal expression”) + -ити (-yty) → ви́словити (výslovyty, “to express verbally”)

з- (z-) + не- (ne-, “not”) + шко́да (škóda, “damage”) + -ити (-yty) → знешко́дити (zneškódyty, “to render harmless”)

з- (z-) + бі́льше (bílʹše, “more”) + -ити (-yty) → збі́льшити (zbílʹšyty, “to increase”)

брудни́й (brudnýj, “dirty”) + -ити (-yty) → брудни́ти (brudnýty, “to make dirty”)

A suffix used to form verbs from nouns and adjectives.


leikr

non-decl-blank-full

leikr

leikr (indefinite nominative singular)
leikrinn (definite nominative singular)
leikar (indefinite nominative plural)
leikarnir (definite nominative plural)
leik (accusative indefinite singular)
leikinn (accusative definite singular)
leika (accusative indefinite plural)
leikana (accusative definite plural)
leiki (dative indefinite singular)
leikinum (dative definite singular)
leikum (dative indefinite plural)
leikunum (dative definite plural)
leiks (genitive indefinite singular)
leiksins (definite genitive singular)
leika (genitive indefinite plural)
leikanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: leikur

Faroese: leikur

Norwegian Nynorsk: leik

→ Norwegian Bokmål: leik

Danish: leg

Norwegian Bokmål: lek

Old Swedish: leker

Swedish: lek

→ Finnish: leikki

Inherited from Proto-Norse *ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (*laikaʀ) (attested in compounds), from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“jump”). Compare Proto-Germanic *laikaną. Cognates include Old English lāc (“play, sport”), Old High German leih (“song, melody, music”) and Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks, “dance”).


-sme

Added to adjectives (sometimes to nouns) to form abstract nouns, especially those referring to the state or property that corresponds to the original adjective (like, e.g., Eng. -ity).


англо-

head

а́нгло- • (ánglo-)

а́нгло- (canonical)
ánglo- (romanization)


man-

man- + digma (“war”) → mandirigma (“warrior”)

man- + dalangin (“prayer”) → manalangin (“to pray”)

man- + loko (“trickery”) → manloko (“to trick”)

man- + nood (“view”) → manonood (“viewer”)

man- + silip (“peep”) → maninilip (“peeping tom”)

man- + Tagalog (“Tagalog language”) → managalog (“to speak Tagalog”)

Alternative form of mang-, if the root starts with alveolar consonants, such as ⟨d⟩, ⟨l⟩, ⟨n⟩, ⟨r⟩, ⟨s⟩, or ⟨t⟩, which gets nasally assimilated to the prefix ending when starts with voiceless alveolar consonants, ⟨s⟩ and ⟨t⟩ or sometimes ⟨d⟩.


архи-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀρχι- (arkhi-).

bor+

архи- (arxi-) + епи́скоп (jepískop, “bishop”) → архиепи́скоп (arxijepískop, “archbishop”)

архи- (arxi-) + плут (plut, “rogue”) → архиплу́т (arxiplút, “archrogue”)

архи- (arxi-) + фоне́ма (fonéma, “phoneme”) → архифоне́ма (arxifonéma, “archiphoneme”)

(with nouns) archi-, arch- (chief, highest, most extreme)


La-

der

French la (“the”, feminine definite article)

La- + Keisha → Lakeisha

La- + Toya → Latoya

La- + Tanya → Latanya

(US, African-American Vernacular, anthroponymy) Used in African-American female given names.


buar

buaren (definite singular)
buarar (indefinite plural)
buarane (definite plural)


-skur

head

-skur (comparative -skari, superlative -skastur)

-skari (comparative)
-skastur (superlative)
-skur (masculine nominative singular)
-sk (feminine nominative singular)
-skt (neuter nominative singular)
-skan (accusative masculine singular)
-ska (accusative feminine singular)
-skt (accusative neuter singular)
-skum (dative masculine singular)
-skari (dative feminine singular)
-skum (dative neuter singular)
-sks (genitive masculine singular)
-skar (feminine genitive singular)
-skrar (feminine genitive singular)
-sks (genitive neuter singular)
-skir (masculine nominative plural)
-skar (feminine nominative plural)
-sk (neuter nominative plural)
-skar (accusative masculine plural)
-skar (accusative feminine plural)
-sk (accusative neuter plural)
-skum (dative masculine plural)
-skum (dative feminine plural)
-skum (dative neuter plural)
-ska (genitive masculine plural)
-skra (genitive masculine plural)
-ska (feminine genitive plural)
-skra (feminine genitive plural)
-ska (genitive neuter plural)
-skra (genitive neuter plural)

From Old Norse -iskr, -skr, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Icelandic -skur.

Forms adjectives from nouns with sense of pertaining to

Forms adjectives appended to roots denoting names of nations or regions

Forms adjectives describing a certain look or character


-skur

is-adj

-skur (adjective-forming suffix, comparative -skari, superlative -skastur)

-skari (comparative)
-skastur (superlative)
-skur (masculine nominative strong)
-sk (feminine nominative strong)
-skt (neuter nominative strong)
-skan (accusative masculine strong)
-ska (accusative feminine strong)
-skt (accusative neuter strong)
-skum (dative masculine strong)
-skri (dative feminine strong)
-sku (dative neuter strong)
-sks (genitive masculine strong)
-skrar (feminine genitive strong)
-sks (genitive neuter strong)
-skir (masculine nominative strong)
-skar (feminine nominative strong)
-sk (neuter nominative strong)
-ska (accusative masculine strong)
-skar (accusative feminine strong)
-sk (accusative neuter strong)
-skum (dative strong)
-skra (genitive strong)
-ski (masculine nominative weak)
-ska (feminine nominative weak)
-ska (neuter nominative weak)
-ska (masculine weak)
-sku (feminine weak)
-ska (neuter weak)
-sku (plural weak)
-skari (comparative masculine singular weak)
-skari (comparative feminine singular weak)
-skara (comparative neuter singular weak)
-skari (comparative plural weak)
-skastur (masculine nominative strong superlative)
-skust (feminine nominative strong superlative)
-skast (neuter nominative strong superlative)
-skastan (accusative masculine strong superlative)
-skasta (accusative feminine strong superlative)
-skast (accusative neuter strong superlative)
-skustum (dative masculine strong superlative)
-skastri (dative feminine strong superlative)
-skustu (dative neuter strong superlative)
-skasts (genitive masculine strong superlative)
-skastrar (feminine genitive strong superlative)
-skasts (genitive neuter strong superlative)
-skastir (masculine nominative strong superlative)
-skastar (feminine nominative strong superlative)
-skust (neuter nominative strong superlative)
-skasta (accusative masculine strong superlative)
-skastar (accusative feminine strong superlative)
-skust (accusative neuter strong superlative)
-skustum (dative strong superlative)
-skastra (genitive strong superlative)
-skasti (masculine nominative superlative weak)
-skasta (feminine nominative superlative weak)
-skasta (neuter nominative superlative weak)
-skasta (masculine superlative weak)
-skustu (feminine superlative weak)
-skasta (neuter superlative weak)
-skustu (plural superlative weak)

From Old Norse -iskr, -skr, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Faroese -skur.

forms adjectives appended to roots denoting names of nations or regions


-iskur

head

-iskur (comparative -iskari, superlative -iskastur)

-iskari (comparative)
-iskastur (superlative)

From Old Norse -iskr, -skr, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.


-een

Borrowed from Irish -ín (diminutive suffix).

man + -een → maneen (“little man”)

(Ireland) Used to form the diminutives of nouns in Hiberno-English.

poitín → poteen

(Ireland) Used to anglicise the Irish -ín suffix when anglicising Irish nouns.


-een

From Middle English -ing, from Old English -ing, -ung.

Forming nouns from verbs, indicating action, process or material.


-wan

From Pali -vant, from Sanskrit -वत् (-vat), from Proto-Indo-European *-wénts.


-âtion

From Old French -ation, borrowed from Latin -ātiō, an alternative form of -tiō.


-ität

→ Norwegian Bokmål: -itet

→ Polish: -itet

Ultimately borrowed from Latin -itās.
Compare Dutch -iteit, English -ity.


авто-

Borrowed from Russian авто- (avto-) and German auto-, ultimately from Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós). The sense of 'relating to cars' derives more so from German Auto (“car”).

auto- (relating to cars or the driving of cars)


авто-

From Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós) in classical compounds, originally through mostly German and Polish.


само-

Prefixal form of the pronoun Bulgarian сам (sam, “alone, sole”). Cognate with Sanskrit सम्- (saṃ-, “whole”) (whence Bulgarian санскрит (sanskrit, “perfected form”)).

cog

отвържен (otvǎržen, “cast, ejected”) (dialectal) → самоотвържен (samootvǎržen, “selfless, self-rejecting”)
зает (zaet, “employed”) → самозает (samozaet, “self-employed”)

защита (zaštita, “defense”) → самозащита (samozaštita, “self-defense”)
деец (deec, “agent, activist”) → самодеец (samodeec, “amateur, self-made man”)


само-

Prefixed version of сам (sam, “self”); see there for further information.


само-

LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Po ukraińsku (Andriana)-само-.wav


-andó

From -and + -ó (present-participle suffix).

az olvasandó könyv

olvas (“to read”) + -andó → olvasandó (“to be read”)

future participle
future participle#English

(future-participle suffix) Added to a verb to form the future participle.


-endő

From -end (future-tense suffix) + -ő (present-participle suffix).

affix

eldönt (“to decide”) + -endő → eldöntendő (“to be decided”)

az eldöntendő kérdés


ψεύτης

head

ψεύτης • (pséftis) m (plural ψεύτες, feminine ψεύτρα)

pséftis (romanization)
ψεύτες (plural)
ψεύτρα (feminine)
ψεύτης (nominative singular)
ψεύτες (nominative plural)
ψεύτη (genitive singular)
ψευτών (genitive plural)
ψεύτη (accusative singular)
ψεύτες (accusative plural)
ψεύτη (singular vocative)
ψεύτες (plural vocative)

Inherited from Ancient Greek ψεύστης (pseústēs), dropping the [s] to simplify the consonant cluster, which is a nominal formation from ψεύδω (pseúdō, “to lie”).


genio-

From Ancient Greek γένειον (géneion, “chin”).


gon-

From Ancient Greek γόνος (gónos, “genitals”).


-ация

-а́ция (canonical)
-ácija (romanization)
-а́ция (nominative singular)
-а́ции (nominative plural)
-а́ции (genitive singular)
-а́ций (genitive plural)
-а́ции (dative singular)
-а́циям (dative plural)
-а́цию (accusative singular)
-а́ции (accusative plural)
-а́цией (instrumental singular)
-а́циею (instrumental singular)
-а́циями (instrumental plural)
-а́ции (prepositional singular)
-а́циях (plural prepositional)

From Latin -ātiō, an alternative form of -tiō.


démié-

From Latin dīmidium (“divided in half”).


-ówka

-ówka (nominative singular)
-ówki (nominative plural)
-ówki (genitive singular)
-ówek (genitive plural)
-ówce (dative singular)
-ówkom (dative plural)
-ówkę (accusative singular)
-ówki (accusative plural)
-ówką (instrumental singular)
-ówkami (instrumental plural)
-ówce (locative singular)
-ówkach (locative plural)
-ówko (singular vocative)
-ówki (plural vocative)

From the ellipsis of the noun + -ka, equivalent to -owa + -ka.

karta pocztowa + -ówka → pocztówka

lampa żarowa + -ówka → żarówka

umowa śmieciowa + -ówka → śmieciówka

(nalewka) cytrynowa + -ówka → cytrynówka

(nalewka) malinowa + -ówka → malinówka

(nalewka) pigwowa + -ówka → pigwówka

forms feminine nouns; often shortenings of feminine noun phrases


-oon

(no longer productive) Forming nouns, mainly in borrowed words.


-ίζω

grc-verb

-ῐ́ζω • (-ĭ́zō)

-ῐ́ζω (canonical)
-ĭ́zō (romanization)
-ῐ́ζω (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐ́ζεις (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐ́ζει (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζετον (active dual indicative second-person)
-ῐ́ζετον (active dual indicative third-person)
-ῐ́ζομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
-ῐ́ζετε (active indicative plural second-person)
-ῐ́ζουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐ́ζουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐ́ζω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́ζητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́ζωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́ζωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́ζοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
-ῐ́ζοις (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐ́ζοι (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
-ῐζοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
-ῐ́ζοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
-ῐ́ζοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
-ῐ́ζοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
-ῐζε (active imperative second-person singular)
-ῐζέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζετον (active dual imperative second-person)
-ῐζέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
-ῐ́ζετε (active imperative plural second-person)
-ῐζόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
-ῐ́ζομαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
-ῐ́ζῃ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
-ῐ́ζει (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
-ῐ́ζεται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
-ῐ́ζεσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
-ῐζόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
-ῐ́ζεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
-ῐ́ζονται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
-ῐ́ζωμαι (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζῃ (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζηται (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́ζησθον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζησθον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
-ῐζώμεθᾰ (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζησθε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́ζωνται (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐζοίμην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
-ῐ́ζοιο (middle optative passive second-person singular)
-ῐ́ζοιτο (middle optative passive singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζοισθον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
-ῐζοίσθην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
-ῐζοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative passive plural)
-ῐ́ζοισθε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
-ῐ́ζοιντο (middle optative passive plural third-person)
-ῐ́ζου (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
-ῐζέσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζεσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
-ῐζέσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
-ῐ́ζεσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
-ῐζέσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
-ῐ́ζειν (active infinitive)
-ῐ́ζεσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
-ῐ́ζων (active masculine participle)
-ῐζόμενος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
-ῐ́ζουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
-ῐζομένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
-ῐ́ζον (active neuter participle)
-ῐζόμενον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
-ῐζον (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐζες (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐζε (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐζεν (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζετον (active dual indicative second-person)
-ῐζέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
-ῐ́ζομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
-ῐ́ζετε (active indicative plural second-person)
-ῐζον (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐζόμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
-ῐ́ζου (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
-ῐ́ζετο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
-ῐ́ζεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
-ῐζέσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
-ῐζόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
-ῐ́ζεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
-ῐ́ζοντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
-ῐέω (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐέεις (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐέει (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐέετον (active dual indicative second-person)
-ῐέετον (active dual indicative third-person)
-ῐέομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
-ῐέετε (active indicative plural second-person)
-ῐέουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐέουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐέοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
-ῐέοις (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐέοι (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐέοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
-ῐεοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
-ῐέοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
-ῐέοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
-ῐέοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
-ῐέομαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
-ῐέῃ (indicative middle second-person singular)
-ῐέει (indicative middle second-person singular)
-ῐέεται (indicative middle singular third-person)
-ῐέεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
-ῐέεσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
-ῐεόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
-ῐέεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
-ῐέονται (indicative middle plural third-person)
-ῐεοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
-ῐέοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
-ῐέοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
-ῐέοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
-ῐεοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
-ῐεοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
-ῐέοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
-ῐέοιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
-ῐσθήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
-ῐσθήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
-ῐσθήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
-ῐσθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
-ῐσθησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
-ῐσθήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσθήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
-ῐσθησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
-ῐσθήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
-ῐσθήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
-ῐσθησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
-ῐσθησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
-ῐσθήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσθήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
-ῐέειν (active infinitive)
-ῐέεσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
-ῐέων (active masculine participle)
-ῐεόμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
-ῐέουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
-ῐεομένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθησομένη (feminine participle passive)
-ῐέον (active neuter participle)
-ῐεόμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
-ῐῶ (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐεῖς (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐεῖ (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐεῖτον (active dual indicative second-person)
-ῐεῖτον (active dual indicative third-person)
-ῐοῦμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
-ῐεῖτε (active indicative plural second-person)
-ῐοῦσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐοῦσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐοίην (active first-person optative singular)
-ῐοῖμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
-ῐοίης (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐοῖς (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐοίη (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐοῖ (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐοῖτον (active dual optative second-person)
-ῐοίητον (active dual optative second-person)
-ῐοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
-ῐοιήτην (active dual optative third-person)
-ῐοῖμεν (active first-person optative plural)
-ῐοίημεν (active first-person optative plural)
-ῐοῖτε (active optative plural second-person)
-ῐοίητε (active optative plural second-person)
-ῐοῖεν (active optative plural third-person)
-ῐοίησᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
-ῐοῦμαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
-ῐῇ (indicative middle second-person singular)
-ῐεῖται (indicative middle singular third-person)
-ῐεῖσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
-ῐεῖσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
-ῐούμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
-ῐεῖσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
-ῐοῦνται (indicative middle plural third-person)
-ῐοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
-ῐοῖο (middle optative second-person singular)
-ῐοῖτο (middle optative singular third-person)
-ῐοῖσθον (dual middle optative second-person)
-ῐοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
-ῐοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
-ῐοῖσθε (middle optative plural second-person)
-ῐοῖντο (middle optative plural third-person)
-ῐσθήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
-ῐσθήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
-ῐσθήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
-ῐσθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
-ῐσθησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
-ῐσθήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσθήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
-ῐσθησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
-ῐσθήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
-ῐσθήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
-ῐσθησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
-ῐσθησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
-ῐσθήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσθήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
-ῐεῖν (active infinitive)
-ῐεῖσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
-ῐῶν (active masculine participle)
-ῐούμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
-ῐοῦσᾰ (active feminine participle)
-ῐουμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθησομένη (feminine participle passive)
-ῐοῦν (active neuter participle)
-ῐούμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
-ῐσᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐσᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐσε (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐσεν (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐ́σᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
-ῐσᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
-ῐ́σᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
-ῐ́σᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
-ῐσᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐ́σω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́σῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́σῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́σητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́σητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́σωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-ῐ́σητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́σωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́σωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́σαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
-ῐ́σειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐ́σαις (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐ́σειε (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐ́σειεν (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐ́σαι (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐ́σαιτον (active dual optative second-person)
-ῐσαίτην (active dual optative third-person)
-ῐ́σαιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
-ῐ́σαιτε (active optative plural second-person)
-ῐ́σειᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
-ῐ́σαιεν (active optative plural third-person)
-ῐσον (active imperative second-person singular)
-ῐσᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
-ῐ́σᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
-ῐσᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
-ῐ́σᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
-ῐσᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
-ῐσᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
-ῐ́σω (indicative middle second-person singular)
-ῐ́σᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
-ῐ́σᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
-ῐσᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
-ῐσᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
-ῐ́σᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
-ῐ́σᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
-ῐ́σωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́σῃ (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́σηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́σησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́σησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
-ῐ́σησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́σωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
-ῐ́σαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
-ῐ́σαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
-ῐ́σαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
-ῐσαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
-ῐσαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
-ῐ́σαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
-ῐ́σαιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
-ῐσαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
-ῐσᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
-ῐ́σᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
-ῐσᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
-ῐ́σᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
-ῐσᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
-ῐ́σθην (first-person indicative passive singular)
-ῐ́σθης (indicative passive second-person singular)
-ῐ́σθη (indicative passive singular third-person)
-ῐ́σθητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
-ῐσθήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
-ῐ́σθημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
-ῐ́σθητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
-ῐ́σθησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
-ῐσθῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
-ῐσθῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐσθῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσθῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
-ῐσθῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσθῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
-ῐσθῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
-ῐσθῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσθῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσθείην (first-person optative passive singular)
-ῐσθείης (optative passive second-person singular)
-ῐσθείη (optative passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
-ῐσθείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
-ῐσθείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
-ῐσθειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
-ῐσθεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
-ῐσθείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
-ῐσθεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσθείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσθεῖεν (optative passive plural third-person)
-ῐσθείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
-ῐ́σθητῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
-ῐσθήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
-ῐ́σθητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
-ῐσθήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
-ῐ́σθητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσθέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
-ῐ́σαι (active infinitive)
-ῐ́σᾰσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθῆναι (infinitive passive)
-ῐ́σᾱς (active masculine participle)
-ῐσᾰ́μενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθείς (masculine participle passive)
-ῐ́σᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
-ῐσᾰμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
-ῐ́σᾰν (active neuter participle)
-ῐσᾰ́μενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
-ῐσθέν (neuter participle passive)
-ῐκᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐκᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐκε (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐκεν (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐ́κᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
-ῐ́κᾰτον (active dual indicative third-person)
-ῐ́κᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
-ῐ́κᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
-ῐ́κᾱσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐ́κᾱσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐ́κω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́κῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐ́κῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́κητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́κητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́κωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-ῐ́κητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-ῐ́κωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́κωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐ́κοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
-ῐκοίην (active first-person optative singular)
-ῐ́κοις (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐκοίης (active optative second-person singular)
-ῐ́κοι (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐκοίη (active optative singular third-person)
-ῐ́κοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
-ῐκοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
-ῐ́κοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
-ῐ́κοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
-ῐ́κοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
-ῐκε (active imperative second-person singular)
-ῐκέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
-ῐ́κετον (active dual imperative second-person)
-ῐκέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
-ῐ́κετε (active imperative plural second-person)
-ῐκόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
-ῐσμαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
-ῐσαι (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
-ῐσται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
-ῐσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
-ῐ́σμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
-ῐσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
-ῐ́δᾰται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
-ῐσμένος ὦ (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
-ῐσμένος ᾖς (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
-ῐσμένος ᾖ (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
-ῐσμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσμένοι ὦμεν (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
-ῐσμένοι ἦτε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
-ῐσμένοι ὦσῐ (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσμένοι ὦσῐν (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
-ῐσμένος εἴην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
-ῐσμένος εἴης (middle optative passive second-person singular)
-ῐσμένος εἴη (middle optative passive singular third-person)
-ῐσμένω εἴητον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
εἶτον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
-ῐσμένω εἰήτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
εἴτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
-ῐσμένοι εἴημεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
εἶμεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
-ῐσμένοι εἴητε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
εἶτε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
-ῐσμένοι εἴησᾰν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
εἶεν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
-ῐσο (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
-ῐ́σθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
-ῐ́σθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
-ῐσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
-ῐ́σθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
-ῐκέναι (active infinitive)
-ῐ́σθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
-ῐκώς (active masculine participle)
-ῐσμένος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
-ῐκυῖᾰ (active feminine participle)
-ῐσμένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
-ῐκός (active neuter participle)
-ῐσμένον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
-ῐ́κειν (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐ́κη (active first-person indicative singular)
-ῐ́κεις (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐ́κης (active indicative second-person singular)
-ῐ́κει (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐ́κειν (active indicative singular third-person)
-ῐ́κετον (active dual indicative second-person)
-ῐκέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
-ῐ́κεμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
-ῐ́κετε (active indicative plural second-person)
-ῐ́κεσᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
-ῐ́σμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
-ῐσο (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
-ῐστο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
-ῐσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
-ῐ́σθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
-ῐ́σμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
-ῐσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
-ῐ́δᾰτο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)

Greek: -ίζω (-ízo)

→ Latin: -issō, -izō (borrowed in different periods)

From Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō, from Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti (verbal suffix), from *-id- + *-yéti. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-itjaną.
The suffix started in denominative verbs in *-id-yō (e.g. elpid-yō > ἐλπίζω (elpízō), cf. ἐλπίς (elpís)), but was later used on stems of all kinds to the number of many thousands.

inh

Used to form verbs from proper nouns of cities, demonyms, to denote:

mimicking the style and behaviour of the demonym

-ίζω (-ízō) + Λᾰ́κων (Lắkōn, “Lacedaemonian”) → λᾰκωνίζω (lăkōnízō)


-ίζω

έρρινος (érrinos, “nasal”) + -ίζω (-ízo) → ερρινίζω (errinízo, “to nasalise”)

κίτρινος (kítrinos, “yellow”) + -ίζω (-ízo) → κιτρινίζω (kitrinízo, “to turn yellow”)

a suffix found with verbs
formed from adjectives:


-es-

Bundesamt

Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds.


-es-

frapar (“to hit”) + -esar → frapesar (“being hit”), instead of "esar frapata"

suffix used on transitive verbs to form an abbreviated passive verb (as opposed to "esar -ata").

konstruktar (“to construct, build”) + -eso → konstrukteso (“(the act of) being built”)

suffix used on transitive verbs to form a passive state noun.

frato (“sibling; brother or sister”) + -eso → frateso (“brotherhood, sisterhood”)

blinda (“blind”) + -eso → blindeso (“blindness”)

quale (“how, in what way”) + -eso → qualeso (“quality”)

suffix used on nouns, adjectives and adverbs to form a noun with a state or abstract quality; -ion, -ness, -ity, -tude, -ship, -hood.


-es-

Genitival interfix indicating that the former part is a characteristic of the latter.


-en-

paard (“horse”) + -en- + kracht (“power”) → paardenkracht (“horsepower”)

tulp (“tulip”) + -en- + bol (“bulb”) → tulpenbol (“tulip bulb”)

genitival interfix indicating that the former element is a characteristic of the latter; sometimes connotes countability or plurality


-en-

Mensch + -en- + Welt → Menschenwelt

Frau + -en- + Versammlung → Frauenversammlung (“women's assembly, assembly of women”)


-en-

Derived from Proto-Slavic *-en-. Compare prüsenĕ from Proto-Slavic *prosenъ.

ai̯tă + -en- → ai̯tenă

komåi̯ + -en- → kominenă

lüi̯ + -en- → lüjenă


cripti-

From Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós, “hidden, secret”).


crómata-

From Ancient Greek χρῶμα, χρώματος (khrôma, khrṓmatos, “color”).

χρῶμα, χρώματος


nicht-

See nicht (“not”). Akin to Afrikaans nie- and Dutch niet-.


niet-

Afrikaans: nie-

See niet (“not”). Akin to German nicht-.


-ouais

From Old French -ois, in some senses from Late Latin, Vulgar Latin -iscus, in others from Latin -ēnsis.

(Jersey) Used to form adjectives related to a particular country, region or city, their associated inhabitant names, and the local language or dialect.


-pahuic

A conflation of synonymous -pa and -huīc (“to, toward”).

(added to nouns) -wards, to, toward; forms adverbs of direction.


-aithe

Alternative form of -ithe used after a broad consonant


-ificâtion

From Old French -ification, in turn from Latin -ficātiō, a noun ending related to the supine ending -ficātum of first-conjugation verbs ending in -ficō, derived from compounding with faciō.


ـه

From Middle Persian -k' (-ag), from Proto-Iranian *-akah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-akas . Compare Old Armenian -ակ (-ak).

نمای (nemây, present stem of نمودن (nemudan, “to show”)) + ـه (-e) → نمایه (nemâye, “index”)

کوب (kub, present stem of کوفتن (kuftan, “to pound, to beat, to strike”)) + ـه (-e) → کوبه (kube, “hammer, mallet, anything that is used to strike something”)

گزار (gozâr, present stem of گزاردن (gozârdan, “to express, to interpret”)) + ـه (-e) → گزاره (gozâre, “phrase, predicate (grammer), proposition (logic)”)

اویز (âviz, present stem of اویختن (âvixtan, “to hang, to suspend”)) + ـه (-e) → اویزه (âvize, “earrings, appendix (medicine)”)

Attached to present stems of verbs to form certain agent nouns.

گری (gery, present stem of گریستن (geristan, “to cry, to sob”)) + ـه (-e) → گری (gerye, “cry, sobbing”)

نال (nâl, present stem of نالیدن (nâlidan, “to cry, to bemoan, to lament”)) + ـه (-e) → ناله (nâle, “cry, moan, lament”)

پوی (puy, present stem of پوییدن (puyidan, “to jog, to trot, to pace”)) + ـه (-e) → پویه (puye, “jog, trot, pace”)

Attached to present stems of verbs to form certain verbal nouns.


-ικός

-ῐκός (canonical)
-ĭkós (romanization)
-ῐκή (feminine)
-ῐκόν (neuter)
-ῐκός (masculine nominative singular)
-ῐκή (feminine nominative singular)
-ῐκόν (neuter nominative singular)
-ῐκώ (dual masculine nominative)
-ῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
-ῐκώ (dual neuter nominative)
-ῐκοί (masculine nominative plural)
-ῐκαί (feminine nominative plural)
-ῐκᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
-ῐκοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
-ῐκῆς (feminine genitive singular)
-ῐκοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
-ῐκοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
-ῐκαῖν (dual feminine genitive)
-ῐκοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
-ῐκῶν (genitive masculine plural)
-ῐκῶν (feminine genitive plural)
-ῐκῶν (genitive neuter plural)
-ῐκῷ (dative masculine singular)
-ῐκῇ (dative feminine singular)
-ῐκῷ (dative neuter singular)
-ῐκοῖν (dative dual masculine)
-ῐκαῖν (dative dual feminine)
-ῐκοῖν (dative dual neuter)
-ῐκοῖς (dative masculine plural)
-ῐκαῖς (dative feminine plural)
-ῐκοῖς (dative neuter plural)
-ῐκόν (accusative masculine singular)
-ῐκήν (accusative feminine singular)
-ῐκόν (accusative neuter singular)
-ῐκώ (accusative dual masculine)
-ῐκᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
-ῐκώ (accusative dual neuter)
-ῐκούς (accusative masculine plural)
-ῐκᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
-ῐκᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
-ῐκέ (masculine singular vocative)
-ῐκή (feminine singular vocative)
-ῐκόν (neuter singular vocative)
-ῐκώ (dual masculine vocative)
-ῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
-ῐκώ (dual neuter vocative)
-ῐκοί (masculine plural vocative)
-ῐκαί (feminine plural vocative)
-ῐκᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
-ῐκῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
-ῐκώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
-ῐκώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From -κός (-kós) from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos, with an added ι from i-stems such as φυσι-κός (phusi-kós, “natural”), through the same process by which -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs) developed from -της (-tēs), occurring in some original case and later used freely. Cognate with Latin -icus and Proto-Germanic *-igaz, whence Old English -iġ (English -y), Old High German -ig, Gothic -𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (-eigs).

Added to noun stems to form adjectives: of or pertaining to, in the manner of; -ic


-semi

Inherited from Old Norse -semi, from samr + -i.


-semi

is-noun

-semi f (noun-forming suffix, genitive singular -semi, no plural)

-semi (genitive singular)
-semi (indefinite nominative singular)
-semin (definite nominative singular)
-semi (accusative indefinite singular)
-semina (accusative definite singular)
-semi (dative indefinite singular)
-seminni (dative definite singular)
-semi (genitive indefinite singular)
-seminnar (definite genitive singular)


-semi

Icelandic: -semi

Faroese: -semi


-morpha

New Latin, plural form of -morphus (“-shaped”), from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “shape, appearance”)

der

(zoology) Used to form taxonomic names of animals, usually at the level of infraorder or higher


uus-

Forming compound words with the sense ‘out-’, ‘out of’, ‘from’.


электро-

→⇒ Armenian: էլեկտրա- (ēlektra-)

electro- (meaning electricity or electrical)


hyeto-

/ˈhʌɪətə(ʊ)/

Combining form of Ancient Greek ὑετός (huetós, “rain”).


-ník

cs-noun

-ník m anim or m inan (noun-forming suffix)

-ník (nominative singular)
-níky (nominative plural)
-níku (genitive singular)
-níků (genitive plural)
-níku (dative singular)
-níkům (dative plural)
-ník (accusative singular)
-níky (accusative plural)
-níku (singular vocative)
-níky (plural vocative)
-níku (locative singular)
-nících (locative plural)
-níkem (instrumental singular)
-níky (instrumental plural)
-ník (nominative singular)
-níci (nominative plural)
-níka (genitive singular)
-níků (genitive plural)
-níkovi (dative singular)
-níku (dative singular)
-níkům (dative plural)
-níka (accusative singular)
-níky (accusative plural)
-níku (singular vocative)
-níci (plural vocative)
-níkovi (locative singular)
-níku (locative singular)
-nících (locative plural)
-níkem (instrumental singular)
-níky (instrumental plural)

právo + -ník → právník

tráva + -ník → trávník


-ník

zlw-ocs-noun

-ník m pers or m inan (noun-forming suffix)

-ník (nominative singular)
-níky (dual nominative)
-níci (nominative plural)
-níkové (nominative plural)
-níka (genitive singular)
-níku (genitive singular)
-níkú (dual genitive)
-níkóv (genitive plural)
-níku (dative singular)
-níkoma (dative dual)
-níkóm (dative plural)
-ník (accusative singular)
-níky (accusative dual)
-níky (accusative plural)
-níče (singular vocative)
-níky (dual vocative)
-níci (plural vocative)
-níkové (plural vocative)
-nícě (locative singular)
-níku (locative singular)
-níkú (dual locative)
-níciech (locative plural)
-níkem (instrumental singular)
-níkoma (dual instrumental)
-níky (instrumental plural)
-ník (nominative singular)
-níci (nominative plural)
-níka (genitive singular)
-níků (genitive plural)
-níkovi (dative singular)
-níku (dative singular)
-níkům (dative plural)
-níka (accusative singular)
-níky (accusative plural)
-níku (singular vocative)
-níci (plural vocative)
-níkovi (locative singular)
-níku (locative singular)
-nících (locative plural)
-níkem (instrumental singular)
-níky (instrumental plural)

právo + -ník → právník

tráva + -ník → trávník


-ník

-ník (nominative singular)
-níci (nominative plural)
-níky (nominative plural)
-níka (genitive singular)
-níkov (genitive plural)
-níkovi (dative singular)
-níku (dative singular)
-níkom (dative plural)
-níka (accusative singular)
-ník (accusative singular)
-níkov (accusative plural)
-níky (accusative plural)
-níkovi (locative singular)
-níku (locative singular)
-níkoch (locative plural)
-níkom (instrumental singular)
-níkmi (instrumental plural)


-τρον

grc-noun

-τρον • (-tron) n (genitive -τρου); second declension

-tron (romanization)
-τρου (genitive)
-τρον (nominative singular)
-τρω (dual nominative)
-τρᾰ (nominative plural)
-τρου (genitive singular)
-τροιν (dual genitive)
-τρων (genitive plural)
-τρῳ (dative singular)
-τροιν (dative dual)
-τροις (dative plural)
-τρον (accusative singular)
-τρω (accusative dual)
-τρᾰ (accusative plural)
-τρον (singular vocative)
-τρω (dual vocative)
-τρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: -tron

From Proto-Hellenic *-tron, from Proto-Indo-European *-trom.


־שאַפֿט

head

־שאַפֿט • (-shaft)

From Old High German -scaf, from Proto-Germanic *-skapiz (“state, condition”).


взаимо-

Parsable as в- (v-) + за- (za-) + и́мам (ímam, “to have, take”) + -о- (-o-).

affix

взаимо- (vzaimo-) + връзка (vrǎzka) → взаимовръзка (vzaimovrǎzka)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + действие (dejstvie) → взаимодействие (vzaimodejstvie)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + зависимост (zavisimost) → взаимозависимост (vzaimozavisimost)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + отношение (otnošenie) → взаимоотношение (vzaimootnošenie)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + помощ (pomošt) → взаимопомощ (vzaimopomošt)

взаимо- (vzaimo-) + допълващ (dopǎlvašt) → взаимодопълващ (vzaimodopǎlvašt)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + изгоден (izgoden) → взаимоизгоден (vzaimoizgoden)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + изключващ (izključvašt) → взаимоизключващ (vzaimoizključvašt)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + заменяем (zamenjaem) → взаимозаменяем (vzaimozamenjaem)
взаимо- (vzaimo-) + свързан (svǎrzan) → взаимосвързан (vzaimosvǎrzan)

Expresses mutuality, coordination, or simultaneity: co-, inter-


-pód

nominative (indefinite)
-pód (indefinite singular)
-póid (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a -póid (indefinite singular)
a -póda (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
-póid (indefinite singular)
-pód (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an -pód (definite singular)
na -póid (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an -póid (definite singular)
na -pód (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an -pód (definite singular)
don -pód (definite singular)
leis na -póid (definite plural)

From Ancient Greek ποδός (podós), genitive singular of πούς (poús, “foot, leg”).


-méir

nominative (indefinite)
-méir (indefinite singular)
-méirí (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a -méir (indefinite singular)
a -méirí (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
-méire (indefinite singular)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an -méir (definite singular)
na -méirí (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
na -méire (definite singular)
dative (definite)
leis an -méir (definite singular)
don -méir (definite singular)
leis na -méirí (definite plural)

From Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”).


vorbei-

vorbeigehen, vorbeifahren


-eresse

Ultimately from Latin -ātrīcem, initially inherited as Old French -eriz; later changed to -eresse under the influence of -esse and superficial analysis as -eur + -esse. Doublet of -atrice, which was borrowed later.

(rare) used to form feminine forms of nouns, especially ones with masculine counterparts in -eur


одно-

LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Po ukraińsku (Andriana)-одно-.wav


мульти-

LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Po ukraińsku (Andriana)-мульти-.wav


schwieger-

Taken out of the clarifying compound Schwiegermutter (“mother-in-law”), itself from Schwieger (“mother-in-law”), from Old High German swigar (“mother-in-law”), from Proto-West Germanic *swegru, from Proto-Germanic *swegrō, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂. Related to Schwager (“brother-in-law”), Schwäher (“father-in-law”). Cognate with Alemannic German schwëcher-.


-morphy

From Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “shape”), partly after -μορφία (-morphía).


historio-

From combining form of Ancient Greek ἱστορία (historía, “history”). Compare historico-.


-geddon

Colorado stood at the brink of an outbreak that another Forest Service entomologist would dub “Beetlegeddon.”

2012, Michael Lanza, Before They're Gone: A Family's Year-Long Quest to Explore America's Most Endangered National Parks, page 104:

Every year, I start with such good intentions. Then comes 'Tomatogeddon'. Horticultural humiliation. But together, we shall learn how to grow respectable, prolific tomato plants.

2017, Hollie Newton, How to Grow: A Guide for Gardeners Who Can't Garden Yet, page 169:

Fears grow of ‘potatogeddon’ after up to 30% of the crop are hit by heavy rains blamed on climate change

2017 October 16, Eleanor Ainge Roy, “Chipocalypse: potato shortage in New Zealand sparks crisp crisis”, in The Guardian:

Denoting a catastrophic event caused by or related to the stem word.


-mageddon

The North Island's spudmageddon would not impact supply to supermarket customers in the South, he said.

2014 December 1, Collette Devlin, “Potato shortage ripples through North Island”, in Stuff.co.nz:

2018 May 31, Dan Zakreski, “'Elmageddon' hits Saskatoon and Regina as trees dump massive volume of seeds”, in CBC.ca:

Last year may not have brought the upstate Tickmageddon that some had predicted, but state researchers found plentiful ticks in the field last summer and fall — and more ticks equals more disease.

2018 August 23, “Lyme diseases cases spiked by 50 percent in Dutchess in 2017”, in Poughkeepsie Journal:


-w

Megan + -w → Begw

Ann + -w → Nanw

Siân + -w → Sianw


-w

Bats: -ვ (-v)

Vainakh:

Chechen: -о (-o)

Ingush: -о (-o)


dyr-

From Old High German ir-. Cognate with Bavarian der-, German er- and Yiddish דער־ (der-).

Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates a successful conclusion, leads to the wanted result.

Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates killing or dying.


lýð-

From Old Norse lýðr, from Proto-Germanic *liudiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“people”).


przed-

Polish: przed-

przed- + mowa → przedmowa


przed-

przed- + góra → przedgórze


śród-

śród- + głos → śródgłos

relating to betweenness or being surrounded; inter-, mid-, meso-


-pterous

From Ancient Greek πτερ(όν) (pter(ón), “wing”) + -ous.

af

Having wings (of a specified size, type or number)


-pteran

From Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) + -an.


wy-

Polish: wy

wy- + tłuc → wytłuc

indicates movement outwards or away, e.g. from the inside, out, ex-


-owy

appended to nouns to form adjectives; -y


-owy

Polish: -owy


-owy

-owy (masculine nominative singular)
-owa (feminine nominative singular)
-owe (neuter nominative singular)
-owi (nominative plural virile)
-owe (nominative plural)
-owego (genitive masculine singular)
-owej (feminine genitive singular)
-owego (genitive neuter singular)
-owych (genitive plural)
-owych (genitive plural virile)
-owemu (dative masculine singular)
-owej (dative feminine singular)
-owemu (dative neuter singular)
-owym (dative plural)
-owym (dative plural virile)
-owego (accusative animate masculine singular)
-owy (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
-ową (accusative feminine singular)
-owe (accusative neuter singular)
-owych (accusative plural virile)
-owe (accusative plural)
-owym (instrumental masculine singular)
-ową (feminine instrumental singular)
-owym (instrumental neuter singular)
-owymi (instrumental plural)
-owymi (instrumental plural virile)
-owym (locative masculine singular)
-owej (feminine locative singular)
-owym (locative neuter singular)
-owych (locative plural)
-owych (locative plural virile)


apeiro-

From Ancient Greek ἄπειρος (ápeiros, “infinite, boundless”).


przeciw-

przeciw- + pożar → przeciwpożarowy


J-

J-drama, J-pop, J-rock

(informal) Used to denote nouns for things originating in Japan.


-myces

From Ancient Greek μύκης (múkēs, “mushroom, fungus”).


-о-

For native terms, inherited from Old Church Slavonic -о- (-o-), from Proto-Slavic *-o-.
For borrowings, from Latin -o- or Ancient Greek -ό- (-ó-)/-ο- (-o-).

inh+

Used to form compound words. Usually excrescent.


-о-

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic -о- (-o-), from Proto-Slavic *-o-.

Interfix used to form compound nouns and adjectives.


-о-

an interfix that surfaces before various suffixes, after a hard consonant


-о-

Inherited from Old East Slavic -о- (-o-), from Proto-Slavic *-o-.

челове́к (čelovék, “human”) + -о- (-o-) + ненави́стник (nenavístnik, “hater”) → человеконенави́стник (čelovekonenavístnik, “misanthrope”)

а́том (átom, “atom”) + -о- (-o-) + ходи́ть (xodítʹ, “to go, to walk”) → атомохо́д (atomoxód, “atomic-powered vessel”)

круг (krug, “circle”) + -о- (-o-) + верте́ть (vertétʹ, “to twist, to turn”) → кругове́рть (krugovértʹ, “whirlwind”)

бе́лый (bélyj, “white”) + -о- (-o-) + снег (sneg, “snow”) + -ный (-nyj) → белосне́жный (belosnéžnyj, “snow-white”)

пе́рвый (pérvyj, “first”) + -о- (-o-) + очередно́й (očerednój, “foremost”) + -ной (-noj) → первоочередно́й (pervoočerednój, “first and foremost”)

пе́ший (péšij, “unmounted, on foot”) + -е- (-e-) + ходи́ть (xodítʹ, “to go, to walk”) → пешехо́д (pešexód, “pedestrian”)

ни́щий (níščij, “poor, destitute”) + -е- (-e-) + броди́ть (brodítʹ, “to wander, to roam”) → нищебро́д (niščebród, “beggar, tramp (colloquial, dated); cheapskate (pejorative)”)

верте́ть (vertétʹ, “to twist, to turn”) + -о- (-o-) + лете́ть (letétʹ, “to fly”) → вертолёт (vertoljót, “helicopter”)

-и-

less common interfix sometimes found when the first component is a verb or cardinal number


-о-

Inherited from Old Ruthenian -о- (-o-), from Old East Slavic -о- (-o-), from Proto-Slavic *-o-.


-хана

From Persian خانه (xâne, “house”).
Originally borrowed as part of composite nouns like китапхана (kitapxana, “library”), дарыухана (darıwxana, “pharmacy”),
later became productive within Bashkir, adding to nouns of Persian, Arabic and Turkic origin.
Compare with suffixes of the same meaning and origin in other Turkic languages:
Azerbaijani -xana, Kazakh -хана (-xana),
Uzbek -xona, Kyrgyz -кана (-kana),
Turkish -hane, etc.

An establishment where a specific type of products or services is available


-хана

Borrowed from Classical Persian خٰانَه (-xāna, literally “-house”).


-ёр

-jór (romanization)
-ёр (nominative singular)
-ёры (nominative plural)
-ёра (genitive singular)
-ёров (genitive plural)
-ёру (dative singular)
-ёрам (dative plural)
-ёра (accusative singular)
-ёров (accusative plural)
-ёром (instrumental singular)
-ёрами (instrumental plural)
-ёре (prepositional singular)
-ёрах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from French -eur. The suffix was originally borrowed as a part of French-derived words such as жонглёр (žongljór, “juggler”) from French jongleur and дублёр (dubljór, “understudy, stunt double”) from French doubleur, and later extracted out as a productive suffix. In some cases the suffix replaces French -aire in words borrowed from French, e.g. волонтёр (volontjór, “volunteer”) from French volontaire, and English -er in words borrowed from English, e.g. маркёр (markjór, “marker (various senses)”) from English marker.

ша́хта (šáxta, “mine, pit”) + -ёр (-jór) → шахтёр (šaxtjór, “miner, pitman”)

уха́ж(ивать) (uxáž(ivatʹ), “to court, to date”) + -ёр (-jór) → ухажёр (uxažór, “admirer, boyfriend, lady's man”)

Suffix added to nouns and verbs to form agent nouns.


wszech-

From the genitive form of Old Polish wiesz.

wszech- + świat → wszechświat


-σις

grc-noun

-σῐς • (-sĭs) f (genitive -σεως or -σῐος or -σηος); third declension

-σῐς (canonical)
-sĭs (romanization)
-σεως (genitive)
-σῐος (genitive)
-σηος (genitive)
-σῐς (nominative singular)
-σει (dual nominative)
-σεις (nominative plural)
-σεως (genitive singular)
-σέοιν (dual genitive)
-σεων (genitive plural)
-σει (dative singular)
-σέοιν (dative dual)
-σεσῐ (dative plural)
-σεσῐν (dative plural)
-sesĭ (dative plural)
-sesĭn (dative plural)
-σῐν (accusative singular)
-σει (accusative dual)
-σεις (accusative plural)
-σῐ (singular vocative)
-σει (dual vocative)
-σεις (plural vocative)
-σῐς (nominative singular)
-σῐε (dual nominative)
-σῐες (nominative plural)
-σῐος (genitive singular)
-σῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
-σῐ́ων (genitive plural)
-σῑ (dative singular)
-σῐ́οιν (dative dual)
-σῐσῐ (dative plural)
-σῐσῐν (dative plural)
-sĭsĭ (dative plural)
-sĭsĭn (dative plural)
-σῐν (accusative singular)
-σῐε (accusative dual)
-σῑς (accusative plural)
-σῐᾰς (accusative plural)
-σῐ (singular vocative)
-σῐε (dual vocative)
-σῐες (plural vocative)
-σῐς (nominative singular)
-σῐε (dual nominative)
-σῐες (nominative plural)
-σηες (nominative plural)
-σῐος (genitive singular)
-σηος (genitive singular)
-σῐ́οιῐν (dual genitive)
-σῐ́ων (genitive plural)
-σῐῐ (dative singular)
-σῑ (dative singular)
-σηῐ̈ (dative singular)
-σει (dative singular)
-σῐ́οιῐν (dative dual)
-σῐ́εσσῐ (dative plural)
-σῐ́εσσῐν (dative plural)
-σεσῐ (dative plural)
-σεσῐν (dative plural)
-σῐσῐ (dative plural)
-σῐσῐν (dative plural)
-sĭ́essĭ (dative plural)
-sĭ́essĭn (dative plural)
-sesĭ (dative plural)
-sesĭn (dative plural)
-sĭsĭ (dative plural)
-sĭsĭn (dative plural)
-σῐν (accusative singular)
-σῐε (accusative dual)
-σῐᾰς (accusative plural)
-σηᾰς (accusative plural)
-σῑς (accusative plural)
-σῐ (singular vocative)
-σῐε (dual vocative)
-σῐες (plural vocative)
-σηες (plural vocative)

From earlier -τις (-tis) (retained after dentals), from Proto-Indo-European *-tis. The *t changed to *s by assibilation and palatalization, triggered by the following *i. Cognates include Latin -tiō.

Added to verb stems to form abstract nouns or nouns of action, process, or result


red-

From metanalysis of re- in verbs like reddō < *re-di-dō, parallel and analogical to prō-/prōd-.

Primarily ante-vocalic or poetic variant of re-


ȧj-

A prefix, usually indicating (concrete or abstract/metaphorical) motion into something.


leio-

From Ancient Greek λεῖος (leîos, “smooth”).


rétro-

Learned borrowing from Latin retrō. Compare arrière.


-и

-ись (definite nominative singular)
-ихне (definite nominative plural)
-ить (definite genitive singular)
-ихнень (definite genitive plural)
-ити (dative definite singular)
-ихненди (dative definite plural)

Perhaps related to Finnish -ja, Estonian -ja, Livonian -ji, e.g., jūoji (“drinker”).

V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
читатель — морафтысь, лувись
čitaťeľ — moraftiś, luv iś
reader [in Russian] — reader


-и

Derived from Russian -ия f (-ija, “-y, -ey, -ia, -ium”) and -ий m (-ij, “-ius”).

der+

Alternative form: -∅

Итали ― Itali ― Italy

Бельги ― Belʹgi ― Belgium

Маврики ― Mavriki ― Mauritius

Used in place of Russian -ия (-ija) and -ий (-ij) in loanwords with stems that do not end in с (s) or ц (c).


pół-

pół- + wyspa → półwysep


איבער־

head

איבער־ • (iber-)

über-, over-, super-, supra-, preter-, meta-


-vus

-vus (masculine nominative singular)
-va (feminine nominative singular)
-vum (neuter nominative singular)
-vī (masculine nominative singular)
-vae (feminine nominative plural)
-va (neuter nominative plural)
-vī (genitive masculine singular)
-vae (feminine genitive singular)
-vī (genitive neuter singular)
-vōrum (genitive masculine singular)
-vārum (feminine genitive plural)
-vōrum (genitive neuter plural)
-vō (dative masculine singular)
-vae (dative feminine singular)
-vō (dative neuter singular)
-vīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
-vum (accusative masculine singular)
-vam (accusative feminine singular)
-vum (accusative neuter singular)
-vōs (accusative masculine singular)
-vās (accusative feminine plural)
-va (accusative neuter plural)
-vō (ablative masculine singular)
-vā (ablative feminine singular)
-vō (ablative neuter singular)
-vīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
-ve (masculine singular vocative)
-va (feminine singular vocative)
-vum (neuter singular vocative)
-vī (masculine singular vocative)
-vae (feminine plural vocative)
-va (neuter plural vocative)

From Proto-Italic *-wos, from the Proto-Indo-European suffix *-wós‚ from the perfect active participle suffix *-wōs.

arvus, clīvus, corvus, flāvus, vīvus


-ев

сонце (sonce) + -ев (-ev) → сончев (sončev)

срце (srce) + -ев (-ev) → срцев (srcev)


riesen-

From Riese (“giant”). Compare the cognate Dutch reuze-, and Swedish jätte- which is formed similarly.


-ący

appended to verbs to form the active adjectival participle; -ing


-ący

-ący (masculine nominative singular)
-ąca (feminine nominative singular)
-ące (neuter nominative singular)
-ący (nominative plural virile)
-ące (nominative plural)
-ącego (genitive masculine singular)
-ącej (feminine genitive singular)
-ącego (genitive neuter singular)
-ących (genitive plural)
-ących (genitive plural virile)
-ącemu (dative masculine singular)
-ącej (dative feminine singular)
-ącemu (dative neuter singular)
-ącym (dative plural)
-ącym (dative plural virile)
-ącego (accusative animate masculine singular)
-ący (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
-ącą (accusative feminine singular)
-ące (accusative neuter singular)
-ących (accusative plural virile)
-ące (accusative plural)
-ącym (instrumental masculine singular)
-ącą (feminine instrumental singular)
-ącym (instrumental neuter singular)
-ącymi (instrumental plural)
-ącymi (instrumental plural virile)
-ącym (locative masculine singular)
-ącej (feminine locative singular)
-ącym (locative neuter singular)
-ących (locative plural)
-ących (locative plural virile)

interesować + -ący → interesujący


-tainment

Denoting material created in part to entertain, while also serving another purpose.


-exia

From Ancient Greek ἕξις (héxis, “possession, condition”), from ἔχω (ékhō, “to have”).

der

(pathology) Forms the names of functional diseases or of conditions such as pyrexia or cachexia.


-ινος

-ῐνος (canonical)
-ĭnos (romanization)
-ῐ́νη (feminine)
-ῐνον (neuter)
-ῐνος (masculine nominative singular)
-ῐνη (feminine nominative singular)
-ῐνον (neuter nominative singular)
-ῐνω (dual masculine nominative)
-ῐνᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
-ῐνω (dual neuter nominative)
-ῐνοι (masculine nominative plural)
-ῐναι (feminine nominative plural)
-ῐνᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
-ῐνου (genitive masculine singular)
-ῐνης (feminine genitive singular)
-ῐνου (genitive neuter singular)
-ῐνοιν (dual genitive masculine)
-ῐναιν (dual feminine genitive)
-ῐνοιν (dual genitive neuter)
-ῐνων (genitive masculine plural)
-ῐνων (feminine genitive plural)
-ῐνων (genitive neuter plural)
-ῐνῳ (dative masculine singular)
-ῐνῃ (dative feminine singular)
-ῐνῳ (dative neuter singular)
-ῐνοιν (dative dual masculine)
-ῐναιν (dative dual feminine)
-ῐνοιν (dative dual neuter)
-ῐνοις (dative masculine plural)
-ῐναις (dative feminine plural)
-ῐνοις (dative neuter plural)
-ῐνον (accusative masculine singular)
-ῐνην (accusative feminine singular)
-ῐνον (accusative neuter singular)
-ῐνω (accusative dual masculine)
-ῐνᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
-ῐνω (accusative dual neuter)
-ῐνους (accusative masculine plural)
-ῐνᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
-ῐνᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
-ῐνε (masculine singular vocative)
-ῐνη (feminine singular vocative)
-ῐνον (neuter singular vocative)
-ῐνω (dual masculine vocative)
-ῐνᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
-ῐνω (dual neuter vocative)
-ῐνοι (masculine plural vocative)
-ῐναι (feminine plural vocative)
-ῐνᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
-ῐνως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
-ῐνώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
-ῐνώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos. Cognate with Latin -īnus and Proto-Germanic *-īnaz.

Added to nouns or adverbs to form adjectives relating to material, time, and so on: made of, during the time of


εὐ-

English: eu-


-ίδης

grc-noun

-ῐ́δης • (-ĭ́dēs) m (genitive -ῐ́δου); first declension

-ῐ́δης (canonical)
-ĭ́dēs (romanization)
-ῐ́δου (genitive)
-ῐ́δης (nominative singular)
-ῐ́δᾱ (dual nominative)
-ῐ́δαι (nominative plural)
-ῐ́δου (genitive singular)
-ῐ́δαιν (dual genitive)
-ῐδῶν (genitive plural)
-ῐ́δῃ (dative singular)
-ῐ́δαιν (dative dual)
-ῐ́δαις (dative plural)
-ῐ́δην (accusative singular)
-ῐ́δᾱ (accusative dual)
-ῐ́δᾱς (accusative plural)
-ῐ́δη (singular vocative)
-ῐ́δᾱ (dual vocative)
-ῐ́δαι (plural vocative)
-ῐ́δης (nominative singular)
-ῐ́δᾱ (dual nominative)
-ῐ́δαι (nominative plural)
-ῐ́δᾱο (genitive singular)
-ῐ́δε͜ω (genitive singular)
-ῐ́δω (genitive singular)
-ῐ́δαιν (dual genitive)
-ῐ́δαιῐν (dual genitive)
-ῐ́δῃῐν (dual genitive)
-ĭ́dain (dual genitive)
-ĭ́daiĭn (dual genitive)
-ĭ́dēiĭn (dual genitive)
-ῐδᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
-ῐδέ͜ων (genitive plural)
-ῐδῶν (genitive plural)
-ῐ́δῃ (dative singular)
-ῐ́δαιν (dative dual)
-ῐ́δαιῐν (dative dual)
-ῐ́δῃῐν (dative dual)
-ĭ́dain (dative dual)
-ĭ́daiĭn (dative dual)
-ĭ́dēiĭn (dative dual)
-ῐ́δῃσῐ (dative plural)
-ῐ́δῃσῐν (dative plural)
-ῐ́δῃς (dative plural)
-ῐ́δαις (dative plural)
-ĭ́dēisĭ (dative plural)
-ĭ́dēisĭn (dative plural)
-ĭ́dēis (dative plural)
-ĭ́dais (dative plural)
-ῐ́δην (accusative singular)
-ῐ́δᾱ (accusative dual)
-ῐ́δᾱς (accusative plural)
-ῐ́δη (singular vocative)
-ῐ́δᾱ (dual vocative)
-ῐ́δαι (plural vocative)
-ῐ́δης (nominative singular)
-ῐ́δᾱ (dual nominative)
-ῐ́δαι (nominative plural)
-ῐ́δεω (genitive singular)
-ῐ́δω (genitive singular)
-ῐ́δαιν (dual genitive)
-ῐδέων (genitive plural)
-ῐδῶν (genitive plural)
-ῐ́δῃ (dative singular)
-ῐ́δαιν (dative dual)
-ῐ́δῃσῐ (dative plural)
-ῐ́δῃσῐν (dative plural)
-ĭ́dēisĭ (dative plural)
-ĭ́dēisĭn (dative plural)
-ῐ́δην (accusative singular)
-ῐ́δᾱ (accusative dual)
-ῐ́δᾱς (accusative plural)
-ῐ́δη (singular vocative)
-ῐ́δᾱ (dual vocative)
-ῐ́δαι (plural vocative)

→ Esperanto: -ido

→ Latin: -idēs

Presumably masculine -ης (-ēs) appended to adjective -ίς (-ís, “of, pertaining to”).

Suffix added to a father's name to form a masculine patronymic: son of


-teyr

moll (“fool, baffle, foil, beguile, cajole, captivate, deceive, bluff, trick”) + -teyr → molteyr (“deceiver, charlatan, duper, fraud, cheat, con man, impostor”)

shiauill (“sail, navigate”) + -teyr → shiaulteyr (“sailor, seaman”)

Suffix appended to words to create an agent noun, indicating a person who does (or a thing that does) something.


-dło

nomina instrumenti
nomen instrumenti#English

appended to verbs to form nomina instrumenti


-dło

Polish: -dło

myć + -dło → mydło

forms neuter nouns, usually nomina instrumenti


-dło

-dło (nominative singular)
-dła (nominative plural)
-dła (genitive singular)
-deł (genitive plural)
-dłu (dative singular)
-dłom (dative plural)
-dło (accusative singular)
-dła (accusative plural)
-dłem (instrumental singular)
-dłami (instrumental plural)
-dle (locative singular)
-dłach (locative plural)
-dło (singular vocative)
-dła (plural vocative)

bawić + -dło → bawidło

jeść + -dło → jadło


onder-

prepended to verbs, nouns and adjectives; denotes that the action or state takes place insufficiently


phallo-

Combining form of Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “penis”).


-unek

-unek (nominative singular)
-unki (nominative plural)
-unku (genitive singular)
-unków (genitive plural)
-unkowi (dative singular)
-unkom (dative plural)
-unek (accusative singular)
-unki (accusative plural)
-unkiem (instrumental singular)
-unkami (instrumental plural)
-unku (locative singular)
-unkach (locative plural)
-unku (singular vocative)
-unki (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: -у́нок (-únok)

Borrowed from German -ung (remodeled after the diminutive -ek).

substantive suffix used when rendering or borrowing German words which end in -ung into Polish, and by extension sometimes when forming nouns from native verbs


aan-

a prefix appended to a small group of verbs; for which it has an intensive meaning


bloed-

Ze is bloedmooi.

Die vent is bloedlink.

We waren allebei bloedgeil.

(colloquial) very, intensely, incredibly


-це

грло (grlo) + -це (-ce) → грлце (grlce)

масло (maslo) + -це (-ce) → масолце (masolce)

млеко (mleko) + -це (-ce) → млекце (mlekce)

село (selo) + -це (-ce) → селце (selce)

Appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment.


-це

Fusion of -т (-t, possessive suffix) and ся (śa, “that”).

O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
кудце — кудцень — кудценди
kud će — kud će ń — kud će ńďi
your house — of your house — to/for your house

2nd person singular possessive suffix in nominative, genitive and dative with one possession

-т

the possessive suffix elsewhere in the paradigm, the expected Uralic form


-це

-ce (romanization)
-це (nominative singular)
-ца (nominative plural)
-ца (genitive singular)
-ец (genitive plural)
-цу (dative singular)
-цам (dative plural)
-це (accusative singular)
-ца (accusative plural)
-цем (instrumental singular)
-цами (instrumental plural)
-це (prepositional singular)
-цах (plural prepositional)

де́рево (dérevo, “tree”) + -це (-ce) → де́ревце (dérevce, “sapling, little tree”)

копы́то (kopýto, “hoof”) + -це (-ce) → копы́тце (kopýtce, “small hoof”)

волокно́ (voloknó, “fiber, filament”) + -це (-ce) → волоко́нце (volokónce, “small fiber, small filament”)

де́ло (délo, “affair, matter”) + -це (-ce) → де́льце (délʹce, “small matter, small affair”)


-е

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьje. Compare Polish -ie, -e, Russian -ье (-ʹje), -ие (-ije), -ьё (-ʹjó), Ukrainian -я (-ja), -а (-a).

за- (za-) + Каўка́з (Kaŭkáz, “Caucasus”) + -е (-je) → Закаўка́ззе (Zakaŭkázzje, “Transcaucasia”)

пры- (pry-) + Днестр (Dnjestr, “Dniester”) + -о́вы (-óvy) + -е (-je) → Прыднястро́ўе (Prydnjastróŭje, “Transnistria”)

Suffix used to create names of locations in conjunction with prefixes.


-е

прст m (prst) + -е (-e) → прсте n (prste)

еж m (ež) + -е (-e) → еже n (eže)

нос m (nos) + -е (-e) → носе n (nose)

кукла f (kukla) + -е (-e) → кукле n (kukle)

мома f (moma) + -е (-e) → моме n (mome)

книга f (kniga) + -е (-e) → книже n (kniže)


-ę

-ę (nominative singular)
-ęti (dual nominative)
-ęta (nominative plural)
-ęte (genitive singular)
-ętu (dual genitive)
-ętъ (genitive plural)
-ęti (dative singular)
-ętьma (dative dual)
-ętьmъ (dative plural)
-ę (accusative singular)
-ęti (accusative dual)
-ęta (accusative plural)
-ętьmь (instrumental singular)
-ętьma (dual instrumental)
-ęty (instrumental plural)
-ęte (locative singular)
-ętu (dual locative)
-ętьxъ (locative plural)
-ę (singular vocative)
-ęti (dual vocative)
-ęta (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -ѧ (-ję)

Old Ruthenian: -ѧ (-ja)

Belarusian: -я (-ja)

Carpathian Rusyn: -я (-ja)

Ukrainian: -я (-ja)

Russian: -я (-ja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: -ѧ (-ę)

Bulgarian: -е (-e)

Macedonian: -е (-e)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -е

Latin script: -e

Slovene: -e

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -e

Czech: -e

Old Polish: -ę
Polish: -ę
Silesian: -ã

Polabian: -ą

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: -ã

Slovincian: -ã

Slovak: -a, -ä

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -e

Upper Sorbian: -o

Nominative singular ending *-ę reflects Early Proto-Slavic *-ēn, a regular reflex of a pre-form *-ent. Slavic nt-stems have no clear comparison in other Indo-European languages. It is usually compared to Latvian nouns in -ēn- which also often denote young animals with three possible theories of origin:
* Slavic suffix *-nt- originated in Proto-Slavic, by agglutination of the inherited Balto-Slavic *-n- and a secondary suffix *-t- of obscure origin.
* Balto-Slavic inflection exhibited ablaut, with Slavic generalizing normal grade *-en- and Baltic generalizing lengthened grade *-ēn-, with the origin of Slavic *-t- remaining unexplained.
* Balto-Slavic inflection already contained *-nt- suffix, retained in Slavic but with Baltic generalizing the nominoaccusative stem in *-ēn < *-ent.

Forms nouns for young animals and other diminutives.


-ę

Polish: -ę

Silesian: -ã

forms neuter nouns, especially referring to young animals or, more rarely, young people


-ę

-ę (nominative singular)
-ęta (nominative plural)
-ęcia (genitive singular)
-ąt (genitive plural)
-ęciu (dative singular)
-ętom (dative plural)
-ę (accusative singular)
-ęta (accusative plural)
-ęciem (instrumental singular)
-ętami (instrumental plural)
-ęciu (locative singular)
-ętach (locative plural)
-ę (singular vocative)
-ęta (plural vocative)

bocian + -ę → bocianię

chłop + -ę → chłopię


-ика

head

-и́ка • (-íka)

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a berry plant.


-ко

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъko and Proto-Slavic *-ьko (the later causing palatalization of preceding velars).

дърдо́ря (dǎrdórja) + -ко (-ko) → дърдо́рко (dǎrdórko)

сека́ (seká) + -ко (-ko) → се́чко (séčko)

люби́м (ljubím) + -ко (-ko) → люби́мко (ljubímko)

присмеху́л се (prismehúl se) + -ко (-ko) → присмеху́лко (prismehúlko)

Forms masculine agent nouns (including personal names) from verbs or participles:


-ко

брат (brat) + -ко (-ko) → братко (bratko)

весел (vesel) + -ко (-ko) → веселко (veselko)

брбори (brbori) + -ко (-ko) → брборко (brborko)

трај (traj) + -ко (-ko) → Трајко (Trajko)

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun.