-odik

hu-conj

Forms in parentheses are somewhat archaic or literary.

This verb has no prefix that could split, despite its first few letters.

-odom or (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-odok (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-odsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-odik (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odik (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-odunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-odtok (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-odnak (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-odnak (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
intransitive verb (first-person indicative object-definite present third-person)
intransitive verb (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically third-person)
intransitive verb (indicative informal object-definite present second-person)
definite forms are not used (first-person indicative object-definite present third-person)
definite forms are not used (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically third-person)
definite forms are not used (indicative informal object-definite present second-person)
-odtam (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-odtál (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-odott (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odott (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-odtunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-odtatok (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-odtak (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odtak (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
or a time adverb (first-person future indicative third-person)
or a time adverb (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
or a time adverb (future indicative informal second-person)
e.g. -odni fog. (first-person future indicative third-person)
e.g. -odni fog. (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -odni fog. (future indicative informal second-person)
-odék (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-odál (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-oda (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-oda (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-odánk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-odátok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-odának (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odának (object-indefinite plural third-person)
e.g. -odik vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -odik vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -odik vala (informal second-person)
-odott vala (first-person third-person)
-odott vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-odott vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-odandok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-odandasz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-odand (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odand (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-odandunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-odandotok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-odandanak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odandanak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-odnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-odnál (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-odna (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odna (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-odnánk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-odnátok (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-odnának (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-odnának (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -odott volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -odott volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -odott volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-odjak or (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-odjam (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-odj or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-odjál (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-odjon (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-odjon (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-odjunk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-odjatok (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-odjanak (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-odjanak (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
e.g. -odott légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -odott légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -odott légyen (informal second-person)
-odni (infinitive)
-odnom (first-person infinitive singular)
-odnod (infinitive informal second-person singular)
-odnia (formal infinitive second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odnia (infinitive singular third-person)
-odnunk (first-person infinitive plural)
-odnotok (infinitive informal plural second-person)
-odniuk (formal infinitive plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odniuk (infinitive plural third-person)
-odás (noun-from-verb)
-odó
-odott
-odva (-odván)
-odhatok (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
or -odhatom (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-odhatsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-odhat (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odhat (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-odhatunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-odhattok (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-odhatnak (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhatnak (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
intransitive verb (first-person indicative object-definite present third-person)
intransitive verb (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically third-person)
intransitive verb (indicative informal object-definite present second-person)
definite forms are not used (first-person indicative object-definite present third-person)
definite forms are not used (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically third-person)
definite forms are not used (indicative informal object-definite present second-person)
-odhattam (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-odhattál (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-odhatott (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odhatott (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-odhattunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-odhattatok (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-odhattak (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhattak (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
-odhaték (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-odhatál (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-odhata (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odhata (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-odhatánk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-odhatátok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-odhatának (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhatának (object-indefinite plural third-person)
e.g. -odhat vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -odhat vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -odhat vala (informal second-person)
-odhatott vala (first-person third-person)
-odhatott vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhatott vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-odhatandok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
or -odandhatok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-odhatandasz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
or -odandhatsz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-odhatand (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odhatand (object-indefinite singular third-person)
or -odandhat (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
or -odandhat (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-odhatandunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
or -odandhatunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-odhatandotok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
or -odandhattok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-odhatandanak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhatandanak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
or -odandhatnak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
or -odandhatnak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-odhatnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-odhatnál (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-odhatna (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odhatna (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-odhatnánk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-odhatnátok (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-odhatnának (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhatnának (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -odhatott volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -odhatott volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -odhatott volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-odhassak (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-odhass or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-odhassál (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-odhasson (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-odhasson (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-odhassunk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-odhassatok (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-odhassanak (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-odhassanak (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
e.g. -odhatott légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -odhatott légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -odhatott légyen (informal second-person)
-odhatni
-odhatnom (first-person singular)
-odhatnod (informal second-person singular)
-odhatnia (formal second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-odhatnia (singular third-person)
-odhatnunk (first-person plural)
-odhatnotok (informal plural second-person)
-odhatniuk (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhatniuk (plural third-person)
-odhatva / -odhatván (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-odhatva / -odhatván (informal plural second-person)
-odhatva / -odhatván (plural third-person)

From -od (verb-forming suffix) + -ik (reflexive suffix).

hajnal (“dawn”) + -odik → hajnalodik (“to dawn”)

világos (“light”) + -odik → világosodik (“to become light”)

(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, adjective, or verb to form a verb.


-odik

-odik (nominative singular)
-odikok (nominative plural)
-odikot (accusative singular)
-odikokat (accusative plural)
-odiknak (dative singular)
-odikoknak (dative plural)
-odikkal (instrumental singular)
-odikokkal (instrumental plural)
-odikért (causal-final singular)
-odikokért (causal-final plural)
-odikká (singular translative)
-odikokká (plural translative)
-odikig (singular terminative)
-odikokig (plural terminative)
-odikként (essive-formal singular)
-odikokként (essive-formal plural)
-odikban (inessive singular)
-odikokban (inessive plural)
-odikon (singular superessive)
-odikokon (plural superessive)
-odiknál (adessive singular)
-odikoknál (adessive plural)
-odikba (illative singular)
-odikokba (illative plural)
-odikra (singular sublative)
-odikokra (plural sublative)
-odikhoz (allative singular)
-odikokhoz (allative plural)
-odikból (elative singular)
-odikokból (elative plural)
-odikról (delative singular)
-odikokról (delative plural)
-odiktól (ablative singular)
-odikoktól (ablative plural)
-odiké (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-odikoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-odikéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-odikokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-odik (nominative singular)
-odikak (nominative plural)
-odikat (accusative singular)
-odikakat (accusative plural)
-odiknak (dative singular)
-odikaknak (dative plural)
-odikkal (instrumental singular)
-odikakkal (instrumental plural)
-odikért (causal-final singular)
-odikakért (causal-final plural)
-odikká (singular translative)
-odikakká (plural translative)
-odikig (singular terminative)
-odikakig (plural terminative)
-odikként (essive-formal singular)
-odikakként (essive-formal plural)
-odikban (inessive singular)
-odikakban (inessive plural)
-odikon (singular superessive)
-odikakon (plural superessive)
-odiknál (adessive singular)
-odikaknál (adessive plural)
-odikba (illative singular)
-odikakba (illative plural)
-odikra (singular sublative)
-odikakra (plural sublative)
-odikhoz (allative singular)
-odikakhoz (allative plural)
-odikból (elative singular)
-odikakból (elative plural)
-odikról (delative singular)
-odikakról (delative plural)
-odiktól (ablative singular)
-odikaktól (ablative plural)
-odiké (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-odikaké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-odikéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-odikakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

From -o- (linking vowel) + -dik (numeral-forming suffix).

af

más (“other”) + -odik → második (“second”)

hat (“six”) + -odik → hatodik (“sixth”)

(numeral-forming suffix) -th. Added to a cardinal number to form an ordinal number.


-penia

From Ancient Greek πενίᾱ (peníā, “poverty, lack”).


-penia

From Ancient Greek πενία (penía, “poverty, lack”).


-ecske

-ecske (nominative singular)
-ecskék (nominative plural)
-ecskét (accusative singular)
-ecskéket (accusative plural)
-ecskének (dative singular)
-ecskéknek (dative plural)
-ecskével (instrumental singular)
-ecskékkel (instrumental plural)
-ecskéért (causal-final singular)
-ecskékért (causal-final plural)
-ecskévé (singular translative)
-ecskékké (plural translative)
-ecskéig (singular terminative)
-ecskékig (plural terminative)
-ecskeként (essive-formal singular)
-ecskékként (essive-formal plural)
-ecskéül (essive-modal singular)
-ecskékül (essive-modal plural)
-ecskében (inessive singular)
-ecskékben (inessive plural)
-ecskén (singular superessive)
-ecskéken (plural superessive)
-ecskénél (adessive singular)
-ecskéknél (adessive plural)
-ecskébe (illative singular)
-ecskékbe (illative plural)
-ecskére (singular sublative)
-ecskékre (plural sublative)
-ecskéhez (allative singular)
-ecskékhez (allative plural)
-ecskéből (elative singular)
-ecskékből (elative plural)
-ecskéről (delative singular)
-ecskékről (delative plural)
-ecskétől (ablative singular)
-ecskéktől (ablative plural)
-ecskéé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-ecskéké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-ecskééi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-ecskékéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-ecském (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
-ecskéim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
-ecskéd (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
-ecskéid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
-ecskéje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
-ecskéi (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
-ecskénk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
-ecskéink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
-ecskétek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
-ecskéitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
-ecskéjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
-ecskéik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From -e- (linking vowel) + -cske (diminutive suffix).


-style

From Ancient Greek στῦλος (stûlos, “pillar, column”), or -στῦλος (-stûlos, “columned”).

bor

ortho- + -style → orthostyle


-micin

Blend of translingual Micromonospora + -mycin.

blend

(pharmacology) Used to form names of aminoglycosides, antibiotics obtained from various Micromonospora.


-mycin

(pharmacology) Used to form names of antibiotics produced by Streptomyces strains.

-micin

antibiotics obtained from Micromonospora


-uk

-uk (canonical masculine person)
m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
-uk (nominative singular)
-uki (nominative plural)
-uku (genitive singular)
-uków (genitive plural)
-ukowi (dative singular)
-ukom (dative plural)
-uk (accusative singular)
-uki (accusative plural)
-ukiem (instrumental singular)
-ukami (instrumental plural)
-uku (locative singular)
-ukach (locative plural)
-uku (singular vocative)
-uki (plural vocative)
-uk (nominative singular)
-uki (nominative plural)
-uka (genitive singular)
-uków (genitive plural)
-ukowi (dative singular)
-ukom (dative plural)
-uka (accusative singular)
-uki (accusative plural)
-ukiem (instrumental singular)
-ukami (instrumental plural)
-uku (locative singular)
-ukach (locative plural)
-uku (singular vocative)
-uki (plural vocative)
-uk (nominative singular)
-ucy (nominative plural)
-uki (derogatory nominative plural)
-uka (genitive singular)
-uków (genitive plural)
-ukowi (dative singular)
-ukom (dative plural)
-uka (accusative singular)
-uków (accusative plural)
-ukiem (instrumental singular)
-ukami (instrumental plural)
-uku (locative singular)
-ukach (locative plural)
-uku (singular vocative)
-ucy (plural vocative)

Andrzejek + -uk → Andrzejczuk

Wilno + -uk → wilniuk

(now Suwałki, Eastern Lublin, Northern Borderlands, Southern Borderlands) Forms nouns, especially surnames

Eastern Lublin; Northern Borderlands; Southern Borderlands; Eastern Lublin; Northern Borderlands; Southern Borderlands


-uk

-uk (nominative singular)
-ukō (nominative plural)
-ukōs (nominative plural)
-uk (accusative singular)
-ukā (accusative plural)
-ukas (genitive singular)
-ukō (genitive plural)
-ukē (dative singular)
-ukum (dative plural)
-uku (instrumental singular)
-ukum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: -oc, -uc
Middle English: -ok, -oc, -ock, -oq, -og, -uc, -uk, -uck, -ek, -ak, -ke, -k (rare), -ek
English: -ock, -ick, -ik (dialectal)
Scots: -ock, -ockie
Yola: -ok, -uck, -ick

Old Saxon: *-uk, *-ik

Middle Low German: -ek, -k

German Low German: -k

Old Dutch: -ok, -k

Middle Dutch: -oc, -c

Dutch: -k (fossilised)

Old High German: -uh, -ih

Middle High German: -ech, -ch

German: -ich


-aid

meudwy (“hermit”) + -aid → meudwyaid (“hermits”)

Pharo (“Pharaoh”) + -aid → Pharoaid (“Pharaohs”)


-jai

forms abilitative adverbs from transitive and intransitive verbs, with a meaning of ‘able to X’


-enyl

(organic chemistry) suffix for alkenyl functional groups


-lig

Inherited from Old Norse -ligr (“-y, -ly, -like”), from Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“-like, -ly”), from *līką (“body; corpse, dead body”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“similar, like; image, likeness”). Cognate with English -ly and German -lich

inh

Forms adjectives from verbs, having the sense of "may be the object of"; -able.

Forms adjectives from nouns, having the sense of "possessing characteristics of"; -ous, -ly, -like.

dag + -lig → daglig

år + -lig → årlig

Forms adjectives from nouns, having the sense of "occurring at such intervals"; -ly.


-lig

Inherited from Old Norse -ligr (“-y, -ly, -like”), from Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“-like, -ly”), from *līką (“body; corpse, dead body”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“similar, like; image, likeness”). Cognate with English -ly and German -lich.

-le or -ly, used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of "like or characteristic of what is denoted by the noun"

-ly, used to form adverbs from nouns, the adverbs having the sense of "degree or characteristic of what is denoted by the noun"


-lig

Derived from Old Swedish -līker, from Old Norse -ligr, -líkr, Proto-Germanic *-līkaz. Cognate with Icelandic -legur, Faroese -ligur, Norwegian Nynorsk -leg, Danish -lig and Norwegian Bokmål -lig.


-s-

From Middle English -s, -es, from Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending), which survives in many old compounds. In more recent coinage, from contraction of the derived clitic -'s in compounds. For more, see -'s.

hogshead, kingsman, yearsworth, jobsworth, womenswear

Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds, equivalent to the possessive clitic -'s.


-s-

aanleerder (“learner”) + -s- + woordeboek (“dictionary”) → aanleerderswoordeboek

staat (“state”) + -s- + kaping (“hijacking, privateering”) → staatskaping

An interfix used to link elements in some compounds, originally a genitival interfix.


-s-

plotë (“full”, adjective) + -s- + -oj (verbal suffix) → plotësoj (“I complete; I satisfy, fulfill”)

a consonant that sometimes appears as a ligature between the elements of a compound word.


-s-

dood (“dead”) + -s- + kist (“chest”) → doodskist

ezel (“donkey”) + -s- + brug (“bridge”) + -etje (diminutive suffix) → ezelsbruggetje

Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds.


-s-

Genitival interfix indicating that the former part is a characteristic of the latter.


-s-

Common sound-symbolic element, often attached to after a -p-. Probably akin to diminutive suffixes like -sa and -su.

A sound-symbolic interfix without any meaning.


-s-

Gestein (“rock”) + -s- + Formation (“formation”) → Gesteinsformation (“geological formation”)

Arbeit (“work”) + -s- + Zimmer (“room”) → Arbeitszimmer (“workroom, study”)


-s-

From a genitival suffix, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *-as. Cognates include German -s- and Dutch -s-.

Used to link two elements in some compounds.


-s-

From Old Swedish -s (“genitival suffix”), from Old Norse -s. Many noun phrases with -s later merged into single-word compounds, but the s remained, now serving the function of a joining interfix as opposed to a suffix placed on a single word.


-e-

Originally often represented a thematic vowel or a (genitive) case ending; also sometimes added simply for ease of pronunciation.

willekeur

Koninginnedag


-e-

used to link elements in some compounds:


-e-

A morph interjected between word roots to give pronunciation a better sense of flow, but which gives no change in meaning.


-e-

From the Old Norse genitive plural ending, -a, such as in manna mál (> mannemål). Also from the strong feminine genitive singular, -ar, whence also -ar- and -a-.

hest (“horse”) + hov (“hoof”) → hestehov (“horse’s hoof”)

Genitival interfix indicating that the former element is a characteristic of the latter.

-ar-

in older standards when the first element is strong feminine


-e-

Akin to German -n-/-e-, Dutch -en-/-e- and Swedish -e-.

Múus (“mouse”) + Buk (“male animal”) → Muzebuk (“male mouse”)


-e-

Interfix used to link elements in some compounds


ati-

Proto-Brythonic: *ad-

Cornish: as-

Welsh: ad-

desctree

Old Irish: aith-, ath- (broad form)
Irish: ath-
Manx: aa-
Scottish Gaelic: ath-

From Proto-Indo-European *éti. Cognate with English ed-, Latin et (“and”), Sanskrit अति- (áti-, “very”).


ati-

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ati-

Sanskrit: अति (ati-) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Iranian: *ati- (“trans-, beyond”)

Avestan: 𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (aⁱti-)

Old Persian: 𐎠𐎫𐎹 (a-t-y /ati-/)

From Proto-Indo-European *éti (“over, beyond”).


with-

From Middle English with-, from Old English wiþ- (“against, away”, prefix), from Proto-West Germanic *wiþi-, from Proto-Germanic *wiþi- (“counter-, anti-, gain-, with-”), related to Old English wiþ (“with, by, near, against, beside, at, through, for, in return, opposite, towards, to”, preposition). Cognate with Old Frisian with-, Old Saxon with-, Danish ved-, Swedish vid-, Faroese við-, Icelandic við-. Related also to English wither-, and Dutch weder- (“back”), German wider- (“against”), German wieder- (“again”). More at with.

cog

withbuy, withcall, withdraw, withdrive, withgive, withhold, withturn

Prefix meaning "back", "back around", "in reverse", "in return".


-iště

Inherited from Old Czech -išče, from Proto-Slavic *-išče.

bydlet + -iště → bydliště

pískový + -iště → pískoviště

jahoda + -iště → jahodiště

noun suffix used to denote a place, similar e.g. to -ery


-isko

-isko (nominative singular)
-iska (nominative plural)
-iska (genitive singular)
-isek (genitive plural)
-isk (genitive plural)
-isku (dative singular)
-iskům (dative plural)
-isko (accusative singular)
-iska (accusative plural)
-isko (singular vocative)
-iska (plural vocative)
-isku (locative singular)
-iscích (locative plural)
-iskách (locative plural)
-iskem (instrumental singular)
-isky (instrumental plural)

forms neuter nouns mostly denoting a place, sometimes pejorative


-isko

Polish: -isko

stanowić + -isko → stanowisko

forms nouns, typically relating to place


-isko

-isko (nominative singular)
-iska (nominative plural)
-iska (genitive singular)
-isek (genitive plural)
-isku (dative singular)
-iskom (dative plural)
-isko (accusative singular)
-iska (accusative plural)
-iskiem (instrumental singular)
-iskami (instrumental plural)
-isku (locative singular)
-iskach (locative plural)
-isko (singular vocative)
-iska (plural vocative)

pies + -isko → psisko


-isko

-isko (nominative singular)
-iská (nominative plural)
-iska (genitive singular)
-ísk (genitive plural)
-isk (genitive plural)
-isku (dative singular)
-iskám (dative plural)
-isko (accusative singular)
-iská (accusative plural)
-isku (locative singular)
-iskách (locative plural)
-iskom (instrumental singular)
-iskami (instrumental plural)


-isko

-isko (nominative singular)
-iscě (dual nominative)
-iska (nominative plural)
-iska (genitive singular)
-isku (dual genitive)
-iskъ (genitive plural)
-isku (dative singular)
-iskoma (dative dual)
-iskomъ (dative plural)
-isko (accusative singular)
-iscě (accusative dual)
-iska (accusative plural)
-iskъmь (instrumental singular)
-iskomь (instrumental singular)
-iskoma (dual instrumental)
-isky (instrumental plural)
-iscě (locative singular)
-isku (dual locative)
-iscěxъ (locative plural)
-isko (singular vocative)
-iscě (dual vocative)
-iska (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian:

desc

Ukrainian: -иско (-ysko), -їсько (-jisʹko)

South Slavic: —

West Slavic:

Czech: -isko

Old Polish: -isko
Polish: -isko

Old Slovak: -isko

Pannonian Rusyn: -иско (-isko)

Slovak: -isko

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: -iskò

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -isko

Upper Sorbian: -isko

(West Slavic, partially Belarusian and Ukrainian) Alternative form of *-išče

West Slavic; partially Belarusian and Ukrainian; West Slavic; partially Belarusian and Ukrainian


-tum

de-noun

-tum n or m (strong, genitive -tums or (less common) -tumes, plural -tümer)

-tums (genitive)
-tumes (genitive uncommon)
-tümer (plural)
-tum (definite nominative singular)
-tümer (definite nominative plural)
-tums (genitive singular)
-tumes (genitive singular uncommon)
-tümer (definite genitive plural)
-tum (dative singular)
-tume (dative singular uncommon)
-tümern (dative definite plural)
-tum (accusative definite singular)
-tümer (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German -tuom, from Old High German -tuom, from Proto-West Germanic *-dōm, from Proto-Germanic *-dōmaz (“-dom”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰóh₁mos (“thing put”).
Cognate with English -dom, Dutch -dom, Swedish -dom.

der

A suffix used to derive abstract nouns: -dom

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


-tum

Most likely a nominalization of the neuter of -tus (adjective-forming suffix).


-elék

-elék (nominative singular)
-elékek (nominative plural)
-eléket (accusative singular)
-elékeket (accusative plural)
-eléknek (dative singular)
-elékeknek (dative plural)
-elékkel (instrumental singular)
-elékekkel (instrumental plural)
-elékért (causal-final singular)
-elékekért (causal-final plural)
-elékké (singular translative)
-elékekké (plural translative)
-elékig (singular terminative)
-elékekig (plural terminative)
-elékként (essive-formal singular)
-elékekként (essive-formal plural)
-elékül (essive-modal singular)
-elékekül (essive-modal plural)
-elékben (inessive singular)
-elékekben (inessive plural)
-eléken (singular superessive)
-elékeken (plural superessive)
-eléknél (adessive singular)
-elékeknél (adessive plural)
-elékbe (illative singular)
-elékekbe (illative plural)
-elékre (singular sublative)
-elékekre (plural sublative)
-elékhez (allative singular)
-elékekhez (allative plural)
-elékből (elative singular)
-elékekből (elative plural)
-elékről (delative singular)
-elékekről (delative plural)
-eléktől (ablative singular)
-elékektől (ablative plural)
-eléké (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-elékeké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-elékéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-elékekéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-elékem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
-elékeim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
-eléked (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
-elékeid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
-eléke (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
-elékei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
-elékünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
-elékeink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
-eléketek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
-elékeitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
-elékük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
-elékeik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From -e- (linking vowel) + -lék (noun-forming suffix).

af

függ (“to hang”) + -elék → függelék (“appendix”)

(noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb or other parts of speech to form a noun.


platy-

From Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “flat”).

flat; especially, relatively flat but wide


pheno-

# From Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō, “to bring to light, make appear; to come to light, appear”). Compare -phan in such words as tryptophan.
# From phenyl + -o-.

der

phenol, phenobarbital

(organic chemistry) Derived from benzene or containing phenyl.


ـسز

-siz (romanization)
-sız (romanization)
-suz (romanization)
-süz (romanization)

Turkish: -siz, -sız, -suz, -süz

Suffix used to create adjectives not containing the noun; -less.


-ութիւն

-utʻiwn (romanization)
-ութիւն (nominative singular)
-ութիւնք (nominative plural)
-ութեան (genitive singular)
-ութեանց (genitive plural)
-ութեան (dative singular)
-ութեանց (dative plural)
-ութիւն (accusative singular)
-ութիւնս (accusative plural)
-ութենէ (ablative singular)
-ութեանց (ablative plural)
-ութեամբ (instrumental singular)
-ութեամբք (instrumental plural)
-ութեան (locative singular)
-ութիւնս (locative plural)

Armenian: -ություն (-utʻyun)

Either from -ոյթ (-oytʻ) + -իւն (-iwn) or from Proto-Indo-European *-tyon with Latin -tio as a cognate.

մի (mi, “one”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → միութիւն (miutʻiwn, “union”)

փիլիսոփայ (pʻilisopʻay, “philosopher”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → փիլիսոփայութիւն (pʻilisopʻayutʻiwn, “philosophy”)

արքայ (arkʻay, “king”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → արքայութիւն (arkʻayutʻiwn, “kingdom”)

բարձր (barjr, “high”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → բարձրութիւն (barjrutʻiwn, “height”)

մկրտեմ (mkrtem, “to baptize”) + -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) → մկրտութիւն (mkrtutʻiwn, “baptism”)

forming quality and abstract nouns from nouns, adjectives and verbs; -ity, -ness, -dom, -hood, -y


-lich

Adjective:
From Middle High German -lich, -līch, from Old High German -līh, from Proto-West Germanic *-līk. Cognate with English -ly and Dutch -lijk.
Adverb:
From Middle High German -līche, from Old High German -līhho.

verstehen (“to understand”) + -lich → verständlich (“that can be understood, understandable”)

Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that "something can be done with the person or thing described".

sterben (“to die”) + -lich → sterblich (“that dies, mortal”)

Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that "that the person or thing described does something".

Abenteuer (“adventure”) + -lich → abenteuerlich (“associated with adventure, adventurous”)

Used to form adjectives from nouns, to indicate "affiliation".

Jahr (“year”) + -lich → jährlich (“repeated every year, annually”)

Used to form adjectives from nouns (times), to indicate "repetition".

rot (“red”) + -lich → rötlich (“having a somewhat red coloring, reddish”)

Used to form adjectives from adjectives, to express "a weakening or differentiation".

bekannt (“known”) + -lich → bekanntlich (“publicly, as it is known”)


-crasy

Ultimately from Ancient Greek κρᾶσις (krâsis, “mixing, tempering”), often via Latin -crāsia and, additionally, Old French -crasie.


-ció

ca-noun

-ció f (noun-forming suffix, plural -cions)

Borrowed from Latin -tiōnem. Compare the inherited doublet -çó and -ó, found in words such as cançó, raó, lliçó etc.


-ció

-ció (nominative singular)
-ciók (nominative plural)
-ciót (accusative singular)
-ciókat (accusative plural)
-ciónak (dative singular)
-cióknak (dative plural)
-cióval (instrumental singular)
-ciókkal (instrumental plural)
-cióért (causal-final singular)
-ciókért (causal-final plural)
-cióvá (singular translative)
-ciókká (plural translative)
-cióig (singular terminative)
-ciókig (plural terminative)
-cióként (essive-formal singular)
-ciókként (essive-formal plural)
-cióul (essive-modal singular)
-cióban (inessive singular)
-ciókban (inessive plural)
-ción (singular superessive)
-ciókon (plural superessive)
-ciónál (adessive singular)
-cióknál (adessive plural)
-cióba (illative singular)
-ciókba (illative plural)
-cióra (singular sublative)
-ciókra (plural sublative)
-cióhoz (allative singular)
-ciókhoz (allative plural)
-cióból (elative singular)
-ciókból (elative plural)
-cióról (delative singular)
-ciókról (delative plural)
-ciótól (ablative singular)
-cióktól (ablative plural)
-cióé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-cióké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-cióéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-ciókéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-cióm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
-cióim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
-ciód (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
-cióid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
-ciója (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
-ciói (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
-ciónk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
-cióink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
-ciótok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
-cióitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
-ciójuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
-cióik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

ambíció (“ambition”)

-tion (a distinguishable foreign word ending in nouns; it is not considerable as an independent Hungarian suffix)


herum-

herum- + gehen (“walk”) → herumgehen (“wander, walk without a destination”)


-iškas

head

-iškas m (feminine -iška, neuter -iška, adverbial -iškai)

-iška (feminine)
-iška (neuter)
-iškai (adverbial)
-iška (neuter positive)
-iškas (masculine nominative singular)
-iški (masculine nominative plural positive)
-iška (feminine nominative positive singular)
-iškos (feminine nominative plural positive)
-iško (genitive masculine singular)
-iškų (genitive masculine plural positive)
-iškos (feminine genitive positive singular)
-iškų (feminine genitive plural positive)
-iškam (dative masculine singular)
-iškiems (dative masculine plural positive)
-iškai (dative feminine positive singular)
-iškoms (dative feminine plural positive)
-išką (accusative masculine singular)
-iškus (accusative masculine plural positive)
-išką (accusative feminine positive singular)
-iškas (accusative feminine plural positive)
-išku (instrumental masculine singular)
-iškais (instrumental masculine plural positive)
-iška (feminine instrumental positive singular)
-iškomis (feminine instrumental plural positive)
-iškame (locative masculine singular)
-iškuose (locative masculine plural positive)
-iškoje (feminine locative positive singular)
-iškose (feminine locative plural positive)
-iškas (masculine singular vocative)
-iški (masculine plural positive vocative)
-iška (feminine positive singular vocative)
-iškos (feminine plural positive vocative)
-iškiaũ (comparative feminine neuter)
-iškèsnis (masculine nominative singular)
-iškesnì (comparative masculine nominative plural)
-iškèsnė (comparative feminine nominative singular)
-iškèsnės (comparative feminine nominative plural)
-iškèsnio (genitive masculine singular)
-iškesnių̃ (comparative genitive masculine plural)
-iškesnė̃s (comparative feminine genitive singular)
-iškesnių̃ (comparative feminine genitive plural)
-iškesniám (dative masculine singular)
-iškesníems (comparative dative masculine plural)
-iškèsnei (comparative dative feminine singular)
-iškesnė̃ms (comparative dative feminine plural)
-iškèsnį (accusative masculine singular)
-iškesniùs (accusative comparative masculine plural)
-iškèsnę (accusative comparative feminine singular)
-iškesnès (accusative comparative feminine plural)
-iškesniù (instrumental masculine singular)
-iškesniaĩs (comparative instrumental masculine plural)
-iškesnè (comparative feminine instrumental singular)
-iškesnėmìs (comparative feminine instrumental plural)
-iškesniamè (locative masculine singular)
-iškesniuosè (comparative locative masculine plural)
-iškèsnėje (comparative feminine locative singular)
-iškesnėsè (comparative feminine locative plural)
-iškiáusia (feminine neuter superlative)
-iškiáusias (masculine nominative singular)
-iškiáusi (masculine nominative plural superlative)
-iškiáusia (nominative singular superlative)
-iškiáusios (feminine nominative plural superlative)
-iškiáusio (genitive masculine singular)
-iškiáusių (genitive masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusios (genitive singular superlative)
-iškiáusių (feminine genitive plural superlative)
-iškiáusiam (dative masculine singular)
-iškiáusiems (dative masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiai (dative singular superlative)
-iškiáusioms (dative feminine plural superlative)
-iškiáusią (accusative masculine singular)
-iškiáusius (accusative masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusią (accusative singular superlative)
-iškiáusias (accusative feminine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiu (instrumental masculine singular)
-iškiáusiais (instrumental masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusia (instrumental singular superlative)
-iškiáusiomis (feminine instrumental plural superlative)
-iškiáusiame (locative masculine singular)
-iškiáusiuose (locative masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusioje (locative singular superlative)
-iškiáusiose (feminine locative plural superlative)
-iškàsis (masculine nominative positive singular)
-iškíeji (masculine nominative plural positive)
-iškóji (feminine nominative positive singular)
-iškosios (feminine nominative plural positive)
-iškojo (genitive masculine positive singular)
-iškų̃jų (genitive masculine plural positive)
-iškõsios (feminine genitive positive singular)
-iškų̃jų (feminine genitive plural positive)
-iškájam (dative masculine positive singular)
-iškíesiems (dative masculine plural positive)
-iškajai (dative feminine positive singular)
-iškósioms (dative feminine plural positive)
-iškąjį (accusative masculine positive singular)
-iškúosius (accusative masculine plural positive)
-iškąją (accusative feminine positive singular)
-išką́sias (accusative feminine plural positive)
-iškúoju (instrumental masculine positive singular)
-iškaĩsiais (instrumental masculine plural positive)
-išką́ja (feminine instrumental positive singular)
-iškõsiomis (feminine instrumental plural positive)
-iškãjame (locative masculine positive singular)
-iškuõsiuose (locative masculine plural positive)
-iškõjoje (feminine locative positive singular)
-iškõsiose (feminine locative plural positive)
-iškàsis (masculine positive singular vocative)
-iškíeji (masculine plural positive vocative)
-iškóji (feminine positive singular vocative)
-iškosios (feminine plural positive vocative)
-iškesnỹsis (comparative masculine nominative singular)
-iškesníeji (comparative masculine nominative plural)
-iškesnióji (comparative feminine nominative singular)
-iškèsniosios (comparative feminine nominative plural)
-iškèsniojo (comparative genitive masculine singular)
-iškesnių̃jų (comparative genitive masculine plural)
-iškesniõsios (comparative feminine genitive singular)
-iškesnių̃jų (comparative feminine genitive plural)
-iškesniájam (comparative dative masculine singular)
-iškesníesiems (comparative dative masculine plural)
-iškèsniajai (comparative dative feminine singular)
-iškesniósioms (comparative dative feminine plural)
-iškèsnįjį (accusative comparative masculine singular)
-iškesniúosius (accusative comparative masculine plural)
-iškèsniąją (accusative comparative feminine singular)
-iškesnią́sias (accusative comparative feminine plural)
-iškesniúoju (comparative instrumental masculine singular)
-iškesniaĩsiais (comparative instrumental masculine plural)
-iškesnią́ja (comparative feminine instrumental singular)
-iškesniõsiomis (comparative feminine instrumental plural)
-iškesniãjame (comparative locative masculine singular)
-iškesniuõsiuose (comparative locative masculine plural)
-iškesniõjoje (comparative feminine locative singular)
-iškesniõsiose (comparative feminine locative plural)
-iškiáusiasis (masculine nominative singular superlative)
-iškiáusieji (masculine nominative plural superlative)
-iškiáusioji (nominative singular superlative)
-iškiáusiosios (feminine nominative plural superlative)
-iškiáusiojo (genitive masculine singular superlative)
-iškiáusiųjų (genitive masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiosios (genitive singular superlative)
-iškiáusiųjų (feminine genitive plural superlative)
-iškiáusiajam (dative masculine singular superlative)
-iškiáusiesiems (dative masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiajai (dative singular superlative)
-iškiáusiosioms (dative feminine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiąjį (accusative masculine singular superlative)
-iškiáusiuosius (accusative masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiąją (accusative singular superlative)
-iškiáusiąsias (accusative feminine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiuoju (instrumental masculine singular superlative)
-iškiáusiaisiais (instrumental masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiąja (instrumental singular superlative)
-iškiáusiosiomis (feminine instrumental plural superlative)
-iškiáusiajame (locative masculine singular superlative)
-iškiáusiuosiuose (locative masculine plural superlative)
-iškiáusiojoje (locative singular superlative)
-iškiáusiosiose (feminine locative plural superlative)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos; cognate with Latvian -isks, Samogitian -ėšks, and also with Proto-Slavic *-ьskъ and Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (English -ish, German -isch, Swedish -isk, etc.).

A suffix that generally forms adjectives from nouns: -ish, -ic, -like, -ly


-ցի

-cʻi (romanization)
-ցի (nominative singular)
-ցիներ (nominative plural)
-ցիք (-cʻiner, -cʻikʻ*) (nominative plural)
-ցու (dative singular)
-ցիների (dative plural)
-ցոց (-cʻineri, -cʻocʻ**) (dative plural)
-ցուց (ablative singular)
-ցիներից (ablative plural)
-ցով (instrumental singular)
-ցիով (instrumental singular)
-ցիներով (instrumental plural)
-ցին (definite nominative singular)
-ցիները (definite nominative plural)
-ցիներն (definite nominative plural)
-ցուն (dative definite singular)
-ցիներին (dative definite plural)
-ցիս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
-ցիներս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
-ցուս (dative first-person possessive singular)
-ցիներիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
-ցուցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
-ցիներիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
-ցովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
-ցիովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
-ցիներովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
-ցիդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
-ցիներդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
-ցուդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
-ցիներիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
-ցուցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
-ցիներիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
-ցովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
-ցիովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
-ցիներովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)

hy-decl-noun

-ցիներ, -ցիք*

-ցիները/-ցիներն

-ցիների, -ցոց**

-ցովս, -ցիովս

-ցովդ, -ցիովդ

եվրոպացի ― evropacʻi ― European

ֆրանսիացի

արտասահմանցի

Denoting persons originating from a certain place.


չ-

չ- (čʻ-) + բերել (berel, “to bring”) → չբեր (čʻber, “non-bringing, barren”)

A negative prefix, appended to some verb roots


չ-

Armenian: չ- (čʻ-)

Աստուած

չաստուած

լուր

չլուր

երէց

չերէց


pa-

Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'under' or 'for a short time' (like Lithuanian pa- or Russian по- (po-)).


pa-

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”); see there for more.

Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':

(with verbs expressing movement) Describes an action's movement under something; under-

(with verbs) Describes a briefly lasting action

(with verbs) Describes an action's smallness

(with verbs) Describes the ability or means to do something

(with verbs) Describes a meaning specific to the verb

(with nouns) Describes a place or thing that is under or near to


pa-

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.


pa-

pa- + łęk → pałąk

(dated) affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words, no longer a produtive prefix


-bar

From Middle High German -bære, from Old High German -bāri, from Proto-Germanic *bēriz.
The modern vowel -a- is after the adverb form (Middle High German -bāre, Old High German -bāro), which came to be used in predicative and then also in attributive position. This development was especially Low and Central German (compare Middle Low German -bār(e) alongside -bēr(e)). Also cognate with Dutch -baar, West Frisian -ber, Old English -bǣre. Old Norse -bærr (Old Swedish -bǣr). This suffix is said to be West Germanic, so the Old Norse form is probably an early Middle Low German borrowing.


-bar

Generally synonymous with ber- (from ber (“front”)), an adjective-forming prefix used for giving the sense of readiness for something (eg. berşûştin (clothes prepared for washing, laundry)) but also comparable to -able (compare berpirs (“responsible”)). Recently has been combined with -bar of Germanic languages, such as German -bar, Dutch -baar.

xwarin (“to eat”) + -bar → xwarinbar (“edible”)

Used to form adjectives meaning “able to be done”: -able, -ible


-bar

-able (in broad terms, but not always). This suffix converts nouns and verbs to adjectives, as well as modifying other adjectives.


-bar

From Old Swedish -bar, borrowed from Middle Low German -bar, from Old Saxon -bari.
Cognate with native Old Swedish -bǣr (Old Norse -bærr), German -bar (from Old High German -bāri), Dutch -baar, Old English -bære.

-able; create an adjective from a noun or verb


-telný

cs-adj

-telný (adjective-forming suffix, adverb -telně)

-telně (adverb)
-telný (masculine nominative singular)
-telná (feminine nominative singular)
-telné (neuter nominative singular)
-telného (genitive masculine singular)
-telné (feminine genitive singular)
-telného (genitive neuter singular)
-telnému (dative masculine singular)
-telné (dative feminine singular)
-telnému (dative neuter singular)
-telného (accusative animate masculine singular)
-telný (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
-telnou (accusative feminine singular)
-telné (accusative neuter singular)
-telném (locative masculine singular)
-telné (feminine locative singular)
-telném (locative neuter singular)
-telným (instrumental masculine singular)
-telnou (feminine instrumental singular)
-telným (instrumental neuter singular)
-telní (animate masculine nominative plural)
-telné (feminine nominative plural)
-telné (inanimate masculine nominative plural)
-telná (neuter nominative plural)
-telných (genitive plural)
-telným (dative plural)
-telné (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-telná (accusative neuter plural)
-telných (locative plural)
-telnými (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech -tedlný. Compare Russian -тельный (-telʹnyj).


-ář

-ář (nominative singular)
-áři (nominative plural)
-áře (genitive singular)
-ářů (genitive plural)
-ářovi (dative singular)
-áři (dative singular)
-ářům (dative plural)
-áře (accusative singular)
-áře (accusative plural)
-áři (singular vocative)
-áři (plural vocative)
-ářovi (locative singular)
-áři (locative singular)
-ářích (locative plural)
-ářem (instrumental singular)
-áři (instrumental plural)

kov + -ář → kovář

ryba + -ář → rybář

a suffix appended to words to create an agent noun, indicating a person's profession, much like the English -or


ap-

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi, *h₁opi.

Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'around' or 'about' (like German um- or Russian об- (ob-)).


-haft

Masse (“mass”) + -haft → massehaft (“en masse”)

Ärnscht (“earnestness”) + -haft → ärnschthaft (“serious”)


-haft

From Middle High German -haft, from Old High German haft, from Proto-West Germanic *haft, from Proto-Germanic *haftaz (“captured, afflicted”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós, from the root *keh₂p- (“to seize”).
Cognates include Old English hæft (“captive”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍃 (hafts), Latin captus (“captured”), Old Irish cacht (“captive, chain”), Welsh caeth (“slave, captivity, chain”), Latin captīvus (“captive”).

der

Masse (“mass”) + -haft → massenhaft (“en masse”)

Ernst (“earnestness”) + -haft → ernsthaft (“serious”)


-dlo

-dlo (nominative singular)
-dla (nominative plural)
-dla (genitive singular)
-del (genitive plural)
-dlu (dative singular)
-dlům (dative plural)
-dlo (accusative singular)
-dla (accusative plural)
-dlo (singular vocative)
-dla (plural vocative)
-dle (locative singular)
-dlu (locative singular)
-dlech (locative plural)
-dlem (instrumental singular)
-dly (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-dlo, from Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlom.

říkat + -dlo → říkadlo

stavit + -dlo → stavidlo

zlobit + -dlo → zlobidlo


-dlo

-dlo (nominative singular)
-dlě (dual nominative)
-dla (nominative plural)
-dla (genitive singular)
-dlu (dual genitive)
-dlъ (genitive plural)
-dlu (dative singular)
-dloma (dative dual)
-dlomъ (dative plural)
-dlo (accusative singular)
-dlě (accusative dual)
-dla (accusative plural)
-dlъmь (instrumental singular)
-dlomь (instrumental singular)
-dloma (dual instrumental)
-dly (instrumental plural)
-dlě (locative singular)
-dlu (dual locative)
-dlěxъ (locative plural)
-dlo (singular vocative)
-dlě (dual vocative)
-dla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -ло (-lo)

Belarusian: -ла (-la) (unstressed), -ло (-lo) (stressed)

Russian: -ло (-lo)

Ukrainian: -ло (-lo)

Old Novgorodian: -гло (-glo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: -ло (-lo)

Glagolitic: -ⰾⱁ (-lo)

Bulgarian: -ло (-lo)

Macedonian: -ло (-lo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -ло

Latin script: -lo

Slovene: -lo

West Slavic:

Czech: -dlo

Polabian: -dlü

Old Polish: -dło

Polish: -dło

Slovak: -dlo

Slovincian: -dlô, -lô

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -dło

Upper Sorbian: -dło

Non-Slavic:

→ Esperanto: -ilo

Ido: -ilo

From Proto-Indo-European *-tlom / *-dʰlom.

žerti (“to eat”) + *-dlo → *gъ̀rdlo (“throat”)

mỳti (“to wash”) + *-dlo → *mỳdlo (“soap”)

šìti (“to sew”) + *-dlo → *šidlo (“awl”)

Forms nouns denoting a tool or instrument

bỳti (“to be”) + *-dlo → *bydlò (“dwelling, abode”)

kǫpàti (“to bathe”) + *-dlo → *kǫpadlo (“bathing place”)

běliti (“to whiten”) + *-dlo → *bělidlo (“whitening place”)

Forms nouns denoting a place of activity


nu-

(with verbs indicating motion) describes an action's movement downward

(with verbs indicating motion) describes an action's movement into the distance

(with verbs) describes an improvement and advanced progress in the action

(with verbs) describes achievement through some action or event

(with verbs) describes an action or event's outspread over a surface

(with verbs) describes a type of perfective aspect in solitary events or actions


-ení

-ení (nominative singular)
-ení (nominative plural)
-ení (genitive singular)
-ení (genitive plural)
-ení (dative singular)
-ením (dative plural)
-ení (accusative singular)
-ení (accusative plural)
-ení (singular vocative)
-ení (plural vocative)
-ení (locative singular)
-eních (locative plural)
-ením (instrumental singular)
-eními (instrumental plural)

dláždit + -ení → dláždění

vařit + -ení → vaření

from verbs forms nouns denoting the process or result of an activity


-voll

An adjective suffix in a sense of “full of”; -ful


thrombo-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Greek the Ancient Greek θρόμβος (thrómbos, “lump”, “piece”, “blood clot”, “milk curd”).

uder

(chiefly pathology and chemistry) thrombus

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary


նախ-

նախ- (nax-) + բազուկ (bazuk, “arm”) → նախաբազուկ (naxabazuk, “forearm”)

նախ- (nax-) + պայման (payman, “condition”) → նախապայման (naxapayman, “precondition”)


-ot

ca-noun

-ot m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ots, feminine -ota)

Inherited from Latin -ottus (“a kind of”).

inh+

peix (“fish”) + -ot → peixot (“large fish”)

peu (“foot”) + -ot → peuot

clatell (“nape”) + -ot → clatellot


-ot

forms masculine nouns, often referring to sounds


-ot

Variant of -et, originally from Burgundy. See Burgundian -ôt. From Vulgar Latin *-ottum.

petit + -ot → petiot

Pierre + -ot → Pierrot

Charles + -ot → Charlot

A diminutive indicator for certain words, functioning similarly to the more common -et. Used for some names:


-ot

-ot (infinitive)
-on (noun-from-verb)
-ojeaddji (participle present)
-omin (inessive noun-from-verb)
-ome (inessive noun-from-verb)
-on (participle past)
-omis (elative noun-from-verb)
-omiin (comitative noun-from-verb)
-okeahttá (abessive)
-on (first-person indicative present singular)
-ojin (first-person indicative past singular)
-ojēhkon (first-person imperative singular)
-ot (indicative present second-person singular)
-ojit (indicative past second-person singular)
-o (imperative second-person singular)
-o (indicative present singular third-person)
-ui (indicative past singular third-person)
-ojēhkos (imperative singular third-person)
-ojetne (dual first-person indicative present)
-uime (dual first-person indicative past)
-ojeadnu (dual first-person imperative)
-ojeahkku (dual first-person imperative)
-obeahtti (dual indicative present second-person)
-uide (dual indicative past second-person)
-ojeahkki (dual imperative second-person)
-oba (dual indicative present third-person)
-uiga (dual indicative past third-person)
-ojēhkoska (dual imperative third-person)
-ot (first-person indicative plural present)
-uimet (first-person indicative past plural)
-ojētnot (first-person imperative plural)
-ojēhkot (first-person imperative plural)
-ojeahkkot (first-person imperative plural)
-ojeadnot (first-person imperative plural)
-obēhtet (indicative plural present second-person)
-uidet (indicative past plural second-person)
-ojēhket (imperative plural second-person)
-ojit (indicative plural present third-person)
-ojedje (indicative past plural third-person)
-ojēhkoset (imperative plural third-person)
-o (connegative indicative present)
-on (connegative indicative past)
-o (connegative imperative)
-ošin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
-ošedjen (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
-olin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
-oledjen (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
-ožan (first-person potential singular)
-ošit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
-ošedjet (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
-olit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
-oledjet (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
-ožat (potential second-person singular)
-ošii (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
-olii (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
-oža (potential singular third-person)
-oš (potential singular third-person)
-ošeimme (conditional conditional-i dual first-person)
-oleimme (conditional conditional-ii dual first-person)
-ožetne (dual first-person potential)
-ošeidde (conditional conditional-i dual second-person)
-oleidde (conditional conditional-ii dual second-person)
-ožeahppi (dual potential second-person)
-ošeigga (conditional conditional-i dual third-person)
-oleigga (conditional conditional-ii dual third-person)
-ožeaba (dual potential third-person)
-ošeimmet (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
-oleimmet (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
-ožit (first-person plural potential)
-ožat (first-person plural potential)
-ošeiddet (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
-oleiddet (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
-ožēhpet (plural potential second-person)
-oše (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
-ošedje (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
-ole (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
-oledje (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
-ožit (plural potential third-person)
-oše (conditional conditional-i connegative)
-ole (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
-oš (connegative potential)

Forms automative passive verbs, which imply the lack of a purposive agent.


-ot

-ot (nominative singular)
-oty (nominative plural)
-otu (genitive singular)
-otów (genitive plural)
-otowi (dative singular)
-otom (dative plural)
-ot (accusative singular)
-oty (accusative plural)
-otem (instrumental singular)
-otami (instrumental plural)
-ocie (locative singular)
-otach (locative plural)
-ocie (singular vocative)
-oty (plural vocative)

stukać + -ot → stukot


-ot

Used to indicate a more concrete or more serious example.


-lik

From Dutch -lijk. False cognate of Turkish -lik.

Forming adjectives from nouns with the sense of ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’.


-lik

head

-lik (genitive -liku, partitive -likku, comparative -likum, superlative kõige -likum)

-liku (genitive)
-likku (partitive)
-likum (comparative)
kõige -likum (superlative)
-lik (nominative singular)
-likud (nominative plural)
-lik (accusative nominative singular)
-likud (accusative nominative plural)
-liku (accusative genitive singular)
-likud (accusative genitive plural)
-liku (genitive singular)
-like (genitive plural)
-likkude (genitive plural)
-likku (partitive singular)
-likke (partitive plural)
-likkusid (partitive plural)
-likku (illative singular)
-likusse (illative singular)
-likesse (illative plural)
-likkudesse (illative plural)
-likus (inessive singular)
-likes (inessive plural)
-likkudes (inessive plural)
-likust (elative singular)
-likest (elative plural)
-likkudest (elative plural)
-likule (allative singular)
-likele (allative plural)
-likkudele (allative plural)
-likul (adessive singular)
-likel (adessive plural)
-likkudel (adessive plural)
-likult (ablative singular)
-likelt (ablative plural)
-likkudelt (ablative plural)
-likuks (singular translative)
-likeks (plural translative)
-likkudeks (plural translative)
-likuni (singular terminative)
-likeni (plural terminative)
-likkudeni (plural terminative)
-likuna (essive singular)
-likena (essive plural)
-likkudena (essive plural)
-likuta (abessive singular)
-liketa (abessive plural)
-likkudeta (abessive plural)
-likuga (comitative singular)
-likega (comitative plural)
-likkudega (comitative plural)

-ly, -ic, -al - forms adjectives from nouns or verbs.


-lik

From -l (verb-forming suffix) + -ik (verb-forming suffix).

af

(frequentative-reflexive verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or adjective to form a verb.


-lik

-lık (back-vowel-harmony unrounded-harmony)
-lik (front-vowel-harmony unrounded-harmony)
-luk (back-vowel-harmony rounded-harmony)
-lük (front-vowel-harmony rounded-harmony)

Greek: -λίκι (-líki)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـلك (-lik), from Proto-Turkic *-lik.

inh+

beş dakikalık bir video


rück-

From Middle High German rücke, from Old High German rucki, from Proto-West Germanic *hrugi, from Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz.


-ojas

-ojai (plural)
-oja (feminine)
-ojas (nominative singular)
-ojai (nominative plural)
-ojo (genitive singular)
-ojų (genitive plural)
-ojui (dative singular)
-ojams (dative plural)
-oją (accusative singular)
-ojus (accusative plural)
-oju (instrumental singular)
-ojais (instrumental plural)
-ojuje (locative singular)
-ojuose (locative plural)
-ojau (singular vocative)
-ojai (plural vocative)
-oja (nominative singular)
-ojos (nominative plural)
-ojos (genitive singular)
-ojų (genitive plural)
-ojai (dative singular)
-ojoms (dative plural)
-oją (accusative singular)
-ojas (accusative plural)
-oja (instrumental singular)
-ojomis (instrumental plural)
-ojoje (locative singular)
-ojose (locative plural)
-oja (singular vocative)
-ojos (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀjas. Cognate with Latvian -ājs, Proto-Slavic *-ajь.


-oja

-ojь (masculine)
-oja (nominative singular)
-oji (dual nominative)
-oję̇ (nominative plural)
-oję̇ (genitive singular)
-oju (dual genitive)
-ojь (genitive plural)
-oji (dative singular)
-ojama (dative dual)
-ojamъ (dative plural)
-ojǫ (accusative singular)
-oji (accusative dual)
-oję̇ (accusative plural)
-ojejǫ (instrumental singular)
-ojǫ (instrumental singular)
-ojama (dual instrumental)
-ojami (instrumental plural)
-oji (locative singular)
-oju (dual locative)
-ojasъ (locative plural)
-ojaxъ (locative plural)
-oje (singular vocative)
-oji (dual vocative)
-oję̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *-оꙗ (*-oja)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -oja

Old Polish: -oja

Polish: -oja

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ajāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-o-yeh₂, from *-yeh₂. Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ayáH.


api-

api- + -phobia → apiphobia (“the fear of bees”)

api- + puncture → apipuncture (“the sting of a bee, as a supposed therapy”)

Forming terms related to bees or honeybees.


բաղ-

From the root of բաղեմ (bałem, “to join”).

բաղաձայն

բաղադրեմ

բաղդատեմ


-wert

From wert, from Middle High German wert, from Old High German werd, from Proto-West Germanic *werþ, from Proto-Germanic *werþaz.


-würdig

fragen (“to ask”) + -würdig → fragwürdig (“questionable”)

glauben (“to believe”) + -würdig → glaubwürdig (“credible”)

lieben (“to love”) + -würdig → liebenswürdig (“kind”)


-մունք

From Old Armenian -մունք (-munkʻ), plural of -ումն (-umn).

զգալ (zgal, “to feel”) + -մունք (-munkʻ) → զգացմունք (zgacʻmunkʻ, “feeling”)


-իւն

Armenian: -յուն (-yun)

From the Proto-Indo-European *-yōn- suffix. Compare Latin regiō, genitive regiōnis. Perhaps partly contaminated with Proto-Indo-European *-mno- adverbial formations, as shown by the parallels գոչիւն (gočʻiwn) / գոչումն (gočʻumn), լալիւն (laliwn) / լալումն (lalumn).

արիւն

անկիւն

աւիւն

աճիւն

արդիւն

հերիւն ― heriwn ― bodkin; awl, pricker

found in few other words, of opaque function (the etymology may be different)


-յուն

պոռոչել (poṙočʻel) + -յուն (-yun) → պոռոչյուն (poṙočʻyun)

forming nouns related to the notion of sound, noise and often having onomatopoeic origin


-ոց

-ocʻ (romanization)
-ոց (nominative singular)
-ոցներ (nominative plural)
-ոցի (dative singular)
-ոցների (dative plural)
-ոցից (ablative singular)
-ոցներից (ablative plural)
-ոցով (instrumental singular)
-ոցներով (instrumental plural)
-ոցում (locative singular)
-ոցներում (locative plural)
-ոցը (definite nominative singular)
-ոցն (definite nominative singular)
-ոցները (definite nominative plural)
-ոցներն (definite nominative plural)
-ոցին (dative definite singular)
-ոցներին (dative definite plural)
-ոցս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
-ոցներս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
-ոցիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
-ոցներիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
-ոցիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
-ոցներիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
-ոցովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
-ոցներովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
-ոցումս (first-person locative possessive singular)
-ոցներումս (first-person locative plural possessive)
-ոցդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
-ոցներդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
-ոցիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
-ոցներիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
-ոցիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
-ոցներիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
-ոցովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
-ոցներովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)
-ոցումդ (locative possessive second-person singular)
-ոցներումդ (locative plural possessive second-person)

hy-decl-noun

-ոցները/-ոցներն

սղոց

կապոց

forming nouns denoting an instrument, tool, article

նվնվոց

ֆշշոց

forming nouns denoting a name of an action; -ing


-ոց

-ocʻ (romanization)
-ոց (nominative singular)
-ոցք (nominative plural)
-ոցի (genitive singular)
-ոցաց (genitive plural)
-ոցի (dative singular)
-ոցաց (dative plural)
-ոց (accusative singular)
-ոցս (accusative plural)
-ոցէ (ablative singular)
-ոցաց (ablative plural)
-ոցաւ (instrumental singular)
-ոցաւք = -ոցօք (-ocʻawkʻ = -ocʻōkʻ) (instrumental plural)
-ոցի (locative singular)
-ոցս (locative plural)

xcl-decl-noun

-ոցաւք = -ոցօք

Armenian: -ոց (-ocʻ)

From Proto-Indo-European *-sko-, *-skā- suffix, with a preceding -ո- (-o-) stem vowel. The place-showing sense developed in Armenian.

գելոց

սղոց

Forming nouns denoting an instrument, tool, article.

խայթոց

Forming nouns denoting a name of an action. Often corresponds to English -ing.


-ած

Armenian: -ած (-ac)

առնում

առած

առնեմ

արարած

ասեմ

ասացած

Forming nouns, denoting the result of an action.


-ստան

Forming nouns with the meaning of place, especially country names.


-ստան

-stan (romanization)
-ստան (nominative singular)
-ստանք (nominative plural)
-ստանի (genitive singular)
-ստանաց (genitive plural)
-ստանի (dative singular)
-ստանաց (dative plural)
-ստան (accusative singular)
-ստանս (accusative plural)
-ստանէ (ablative singular)
-ստանաց (ablative plural)
-ստանաւ (instrumental singular)
-ստանի (locative singular)
-ստանս (locative plural)

-ստանաւք = -ստանօք

Armenian: -ստան (-stan)

From Iranian *stān(a)-. Compare Middle Persian -stʾn'.

Հայաստան ― Hayastan ― Armenia

Վրաստան ― Vrastan ― Georgia

անդաստան


-վածք

-vackʻ (romanization)
-վածք (nominative singular)
-վածքներ (nominative plural)
-վածքի (dative singular)
-վածքների (dative plural)
-վածքից (ablative singular)
-վածքներից (ablative plural)
-վածքով (instrumental singular)
-վածքներով (instrumental plural)
-վածքում (locative singular)
-վածքներում (locative plural)
-վածքը (definite nominative singular)
-վածքն (definite nominative singular)
-վածքները (definite nominative plural)
-վածքներն (definite nominative plural)
-վածքին (dative definite singular)
-վածքներին (dative definite plural)
-վածքս (first-person nominative possessive singular)
-վածքներս (first-person nominative plural possessive)
-վածքիս (dative first-person possessive singular)
-վածքներիս (dative first-person plural possessive)
-վածքիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular)
-վածքներիցս (ablative first-person plural possessive)
-վածքովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular)
-վածքներովս (first-person instrumental plural possessive)
-վածքումս (first-person locative possessive singular)
-վածքներումս (first-person locative plural possessive)
-վածքդ (nominative possessive second-person singular)
-վածքներդ (nominative plural possessive second-person)
-վածքիդ (dative possessive second-person singular)
-վածքներիդ (dative plural possessive second-person)
-վածքիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular)
-վածքներիցդ (ablative plural possessive second-person)
-վածքովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular)
-վածքներովդ (instrumental plural possessive second-person)
-վածքումդ (locative possessive second-person singular)
-վածքներումդ (locative plural possessive second-person)

hy-decl-noun

-վածքը/-վածքն

-վածքները/-վածքներն

-վածքներումս

-վածքներումդ

From Old Armenian -ուածք (-uackʻ), plural of -ուած (-uac).

սանրել (sanrel, “to comb”) + -վածք (-vackʻ) → սանրվածք (sanrvackʻ, “haircut”)

պատմել (patmel, “to tell”) + -վածք (-vackʻ) → պատմվածք (patmvackʻ, “story”)


-ial

From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium.


-գույն

head

-գույն • (-guyn) (traditional orthography spelling -գոյն)

-guyn (romanization)
orthography spelling -գոյն (traditional)

From Old Armenian -գոյն (-goyn). In Old Armenian this suffix formed the comparative degree.

լավագույն

հնագույն


զ-

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”). Cognates include Russian за (za), Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”) and Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”).

ս-

before voiceless consonants and only for the first sense

ականեմ

զականեմ

Intensifying particle, appended to the word to amplify its meaning. Used extensively in Old Armenian, dead in modern Armenian.

սիրել զԱստուած

տեսանել զարեգակն

ուտել զհաց

փրկեա՛ զմեզ ի չարէն

զմտաւ ածել

զսրով երթալ

զսիրով գալ

զանձամբ գալ

զձեռօք ածել

(with instrumental) found in numerous idioms


ց-

ց- (cʻ-) + տեսություն (tesutʻyun, “seeing”) → ցտեսություն (cʻtesutʻyun, “till seeing, good bye”)


-cija

-cijos (plural)
-cija (nominative singular)
-cijos (nominative plural)
-cijos (genitive singular)
-cijų (genitive plural)
-cijai (dative singular)
-cijoms (dative plural)
-ciją (accusative singular)
-cijas (accusative plural)
-cija (instrumental singular)
-cijomis (instrumental plural)
-cijoje (locative singular)
-cijose (locative plural)
-cija (singular vocative)
-cijos (plural vocative)


-ս

From the Proto-Indo-European plural accusative case ending *-Vns, *-(C)n̥s. Compare dialectal Ancient Greek λύκονς (lúkons, “wolves”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰-𐌽𐍃 (daga-ns, “days”).

շունս ― šuns ― accusative plural of շուն (šun)


-բար

ագահաբար


-բար

Armenian: -բար (-bar)

սովորաբար
sovorabar
usually


-որեն

head

-որեն • (-oren) (traditional orthography spelling -օրէն)

-oren (romanization)
orthography spelling -օրէն (traditional)

From Old Armenian -օրէն (-ōrēn), in words like գազանօրէն (gazanōrēn), from օրէն (ōrēn, “law, custom, manner”).

խորամանկորեն


lepido-

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek λεπίς, λεπίδος (lepís, lepídos, “scale”).

lbor

λεπίς, λεπίδος


lepido-

λεπίς, λεπίδος


lepido-

λεπίς, λεπίδος


-wad

Numerous wad factions, including the dickwad, dipwad, jerkwad and fuckwad groups, refused to participate in the wad accord.

1999 February 10, “Gaywads, Dorkwads Sign Historic Wad Accord”, in The Onion:

(slang) Added to a variety of vulgar terms and insults for an obnoxious person to create new insults.


poli-

From Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many, much”).


vše-

vše- + vědět (“to know”) → vševěd (“know-it-all”)

vše- + kazit (“to corrupt, to spoil”) → všekaz (“termite”)

vše- + mohoucný (“potent”) + -ost → všemohoucnost (“omnipotence”)


ἀρι-

head

ᾰ̓ρῐ- • (ărĭ-)

Probably related to ᾰ̓ρείων (ăreíōn) ᾰ̓́ρῐστος (ắrĭstos)

(mostly early Epic and Lyric) strengthening prefix, generally with a sense of goodness, excellence


-edro

it-noun

-edro m (noun-forming suffix, plural -edri)

poli- (“poly-”) + -edro → poliedro (“polyhedron”)

penta- (“penta-”) + -edro → pentaedro (“pentahedron”)


անդր-

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian անդր (andr).

learned borrowing

Կովկաս (Kovkas, “Caucasus”) + անդր- (andr-) → Անդրկովկաս (Andrkovkas, “Transcaucasia”)


-filia

-filia (nominative singular)
-filie (nominative plural)
-filii (genitive singular)
-filii (genitive plural)
-filij (archaic genitive plural)
-filii (dative singular)
-filiom (dative plural)
-filię (accusative singular)
-filie (accusative plural)
-filią (instrumental singular)
-filiami (instrumental plural)
-filii (locative singular)
-filiach (locative plural)
-filio (singular vocative)
-filie (plural vocative)

kseno- + -filia → ksenofilia


-filia

pt-noun

-filia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -filias)

(pathology) -philia (forming words denoting abnormal linking towards a given thing)


-filia

From Ancient Greek φιλία (philía, “friendship, affection, love”).


-dal

-dalok (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-dalsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-dal (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dal (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-dalunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-daltok (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-dalnak (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalnak (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-dalom (first-person indicative object-definite present singular)
-dalod (indicative informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-dalja (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalja (indicative object-definite present singular third-person)
-daljuk (first-person indicative object-definite plural present)
-daljátok (indicative informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-dalják (formal indicative object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalják (indicative object-definite plural present third-person)
-dallak (first-person indicative object-second-person present singular)
-daltam (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-daltál (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-dalt (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalt (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-daltunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-daltatok (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-daltak (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-daltak (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
-daltam (first-person indicative object-definite past singular)
-daltad (indicative informal object-definite past second-person singular)
-dalta (formal indicative object-definite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalta (indicative object-definite past singular third-person)
-daltuk (first-person indicative object-definite past plural)
-daltátok (indicative informal object-definite past plural second-person)
-dalták (formal indicative object-definite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalták (indicative object-definite past plural third-person)
-daltalak (first-person indicative object-second-person past singular)
or a time adverb (first-person future indicative third-person)
or a time adverb (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
or a time adverb (future indicative informal second-person)
e.g. -dalni fog. (first-person future indicative third-person)
e.g. -dalni fog. (formal future indicative second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -dalni fog. (future indicative informal second-person)
-dalék (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-dalál (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-dala (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dala (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-dalánk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-dalátok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-dalának (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalának (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-dalám (first-person object-definite singular)
-dalád (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-dalá (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalá (object-definite singular third-person)
-dalánk (first-person object-definite plural)
-dalátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-dalák (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalák (object-definite plural third-person)
-dalálak (first-person object-second-person singular)
e.g. -dal vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -dal vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -dal vala (informal second-person)
-dalt vala (first-person third-person)
-dalt vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalt vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-dalandok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-dalandasz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-daland (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-daland (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-dalandunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-dalandotok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-dalandanak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalandanak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-dalandom (first-person object-definite singular)
-dalandod (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-dalandja (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalandja (object-definite singular third-person)
-dalandjuk (first-person object-definite plural)
-dalandjátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-dalandják (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalandják (object-definite plural third-person)
-dalandalak (first-person object-second-person singular)
-dalnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-dalnál (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-dalna (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalna (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-dalnánk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-dalnátok (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-dalnának (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalnának (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-dalnám (conditional first-person object-definite present singular)
-dalnád (conditional informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-dalná (conditional formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalná (conditional object-definite present singular third-person)
-dalnánk (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
or -dalnók (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
-dalnátok (conditional informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-dalnák (conditional formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalnák (conditional object-definite plural present third-person)
-dalnálak (conditional first-person object-second-person present singular)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -dalt volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -dalt volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -dalt volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-daljak (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-dalj or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-daljál (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-daljon (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-daljon (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-daljunk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-daljatok (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-daljanak (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-daljanak (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-daljam (first-person object-definite present singular subjunctive)
-dald or (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-daljad (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-dalja (formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-dalja (object-definite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-daljuk (first-person object-definite plural present subjunctive)
-daljátok (informal object-definite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-dalják (formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-dalják (object-definite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-daljalak (first-person object-second-person present singular subjunctive)
e.g. -dalt légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -dalt légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -dalt légyen (informal second-person)
-dalni (infinitive)
-dalnom (first-person infinitive singular)
-dalnod (infinitive informal second-person singular)
-dalnia (formal infinitive second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalnia (infinitive singular third-person)
-dalnunk (first-person infinitive plural)
-dalnotok (infinitive informal plural second-person)
-dalniuk (formal infinitive plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalniuk (infinitive plural third-person)
-dalás (noun-from-verb)
-daló
-dalt
-dalandó (future participle)
-dalva (-dalván)
-dalhatok (first-person indicative object-indefinite present singular)
-dalhatsz (indicative informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-dalhat (formal indicative object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhat (indicative object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-dalhatunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite plural present)
-dalhattok (indicative informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-dalhatnak (formal indicative object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatnak (indicative object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-dalhatom (first-person indicative object-definite present singular)
-dalhatod (indicative informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-dalhatja (formal indicative object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatja (indicative object-definite present singular third-person)
-dalhatjuk (first-person indicative object-definite plural present)
-dalhatjátok (indicative informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-dalhatják (formal indicative object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatják (indicative object-definite plural present third-person)
-dalhatlak (first-person indicative object-second-person present singular)
-dalhattam (first-person indicative object-indefinite past singular)
-dalhattál (indicative informal object-indefinite past second-person singular)
-dalhatott (formal indicative object-indefinite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatott (indicative object-indefinite past singular third-person)
-dalhattunk (first-person indicative object-indefinite past plural)
-dalhattatok (indicative informal object-indefinite past plural second-person)
-dalhattak (formal indicative object-indefinite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhattak (indicative object-indefinite past plural third-person)
-dalhattam (first-person indicative object-definite past singular)
-dalhattad (indicative informal object-definite past second-person singular)
-dalhatta (formal indicative object-definite past second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatta (indicative object-definite past singular third-person)
-dalhattuk (first-person indicative object-definite past plural)
-dalhattátok (indicative informal object-definite past plural second-person)
-dalhatták (formal indicative object-definite past plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatták (indicative object-definite past plural third-person)
-dalhattalak (first-person indicative object-second-person past singular)
-dalhaték (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-dalhatál (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-dalhata (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhata (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-dalhatánk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-dalhatátok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-dalhatának (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatának (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-dalhatám (first-person object-definite singular)
-dalhatád (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-dalhatá (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatá (object-definite singular third-person)
-dalhatánk (first-person object-definite plural)
-dalhatátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-dalhaták (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhaták (object-definite plural third-person)
-dalhatálak (first-person object-second-person singular)
e.g. -dalhat vala (first-person third-person)
e.g. -dalhat vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -dalhat vala (informal second-person)
-dalhatott vala (first-person third-person)
-dalhatott vala (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatott vala (informal second-person)
volt. (first-person third-person)
volt. (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
volt. (informal second-person)
-dalhatandok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
or -dalandhatok (first-person object-indefinite singular)
-dalhatandasz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
or -dalandhatsz (informal object-indefinite second-person singular)
-dalhatand (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatand (object-indefinite singular third-person)
or -dalandhat (formal object-indefinite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
or -dalandhat (object-indefinite singular third-person)
-dalhatandunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
or -dalandhatunk (first-person object-indefinite plural)
-dalhatandotok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
or -dalandhattok (informal object-indefinite plural second-person)
-dalhatandanak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatandanak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
or -dalandhatnak (formal object-indefinite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
or -dalandhatnak (object-indefinite plural third-person)
-dalhatandom (first-person object-definite singular)
or -dalandhatom (first-person object-definite singular)
-dalhatandod (informal object-definite second-person singular)
or -dalandhatod (informal object-definite second-person singular)
-dalhatandja (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatandja (object-definite singular third-person)
or -dalandhatja (formal object-definite second-person-semantically singular third-person)
or -dalandhatja (object-definite singular third-person)
-dalhatandjuk (first-person object-definite plural)
or -dalandhatjuk (first-person object-definite plural)
-dalhatandjátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
or -dalandhatjátok (informal object-definite plural second-person)
-dalhatandják (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatandják (object-definite plural third-person)
or -dalandhatják (formal object-definite plural second-person-semantically third-person)
or -dalandhatják (object-definite plural third-person)
-dalhatandalak (first-person object-second-person singular)
or -dalandhatlak (first-person object-second-person singular)
-dalhatnék (conditional first-person object-indefinite present singular)
-dalhatnál (conditional informal object-indefinite present second-person singular)
-dalhatna (conditional formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatna (conditional object-indefinite present singular third-person)
-dalhatnánk (conditional first-person object-indefinite plural present)
-dalhatnátok (conditional informal object-indefinite plural present second-person)
-dalhatnának (conditional formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatnának (conditional object-indefinite plural present third-person)
-dalhatnám (conditional first-person object-definite present singular)
-dalhatnád (conditional informal object-definite present second-person singular)
-dalhatná (conditional formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatná (conditional object-definite present singular third-person)
-dalhatnánk (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
or -dalhatnók (conditional first-person object-definite plural present)
-dalhatnátok (conditional informal object-definite plural present second-person)
-dalhatnák (conditional formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatnák (conditional object-definite plural present third-person)
-dalhatnálak (conditional first-person object-second-person present singular)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
Indicative past forms followed by volna (conditional informal past second-person)
e.g. -dalhatott volna (conditional first-person past third-person)
e.g. -dalhatott volna (conditional formal past second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -dalhatott volna (conditional informal past second-person)
-dalhassak (first-person object-indefinite present singular subjunctive)
-dalhass or (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-dalhassál (informal object-indefinite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-dalhasson (formal object-indefinite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-dalhasson (object-indefinite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-dalhassunk (first-person object-indefinite plural present subjunctive)
-dalhassatok (informal object-indefinite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-dalhassanak (formal object-indefinite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-dalhassanak (object-indefinite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-dalhassam (first-person object-definite present singular subjunctive)
-dalhasd or (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-dalhassad (informal object-definite present second-person singular subjunctive)
-dalhassa (formal object-definite present second-person-semantically singular subjunctive third-person)
-dalhassa (object-definite present singular subjunctive third-person)
-dalhassuk (first-person object-definite plural present subjunctive)
-dalhassátok (informal object-definite plural present second-person subjunctive)
-dalhassák (formal object-definite plural present second-person-semantically subjunctive third-person)
-dalhassák (object-definite plural present subjunctive third-person)
-dalhassalak (first-person object-second-person present singular subjunctive)
e.g. -dalhatott légyen (first-person third-person)
e.g. -dalhatott légyen (formal second-person-semantically third-person)
e.g. -dalhatott légyen (informal second-person)
-dalhatni
-dalhatnom (first-person singular)
-dalhatnod (informal second-person singular)
-dalhatnia (formal second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatnia (singular third-person)
-dalhatnunk (first-person plural)
-dalhatnotok (informal plural second-person)
-dalhatniuk (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatniuk (plural third-person)
-dalható (first-person singular)
-dalhatatlan (formal second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-dalhatatlan (singular third-person)
-dalhatva / -dalhatván (formal plural second-person-semantically third-person)
-dalhatva / -dalhatván (informal plural second-person)
-dalhatva / -dalhatván (plural third-person)

vág (“to cut”) + -dal → vagdal (“to cut up, chop”)

(frequentative suffix) Added to a verb to form a verb expressing the frequent repetition of an action. Mostly used by short, monosyllabic words. No longer productive.


levo-

dextro-

antonym(s) of “denoting a levorotatory form”

levorotatory


dextro-

levo-

antonym(s) of “denoting a dextrorotatory form”

dextroelevation, dextroposition, dextrosinistral

dextroamphetamine, dextropropoxyphene

(chemistry) Denoting a dextrorotatory form of an enantiomer.


-ín

The suffix -ín replaced the Old Irish suffixes -án, -én, and others probably under the influence of forms like Áugustín from Latin Augustīnus.

capall (“horse”) + -ín → capaillín (“pony”)

lacha (“duck”) + -ín → lachín (“duckling”)

pota (“pot”) + -ín → poitín (“poteen”)

teach (“house”) + -ín → teachín (“cottage”)

Suffix used to form diminutive nouns, sometimes with semantic shift from the original noun.


-ín

es-adj

-ín (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ina, masculine plural -ines, feminine plural -inas)

es-noun

-ín m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ines)

-ina (feminine)
-ines (masculine plural)
-inas (feminine plural)
-ines (plural)

chiquito (“little boy”) + -ín → chiquitín (“very young boy”)

poquito (“little bit”) + -ín → poquitín (“tiny bit”)

(Northern Spain, especially Asturias) forms the diminutives of nouns, often one already with a diminutive suffix


häive-

stealth (designed to be invisible to radar)


-r

-ri (genitive)
-rit (partitive)
-r (nominative singular)
-rid (nominative plural)
-r (accusative nominative singular)
-rid (accusative nominative plural)
-ri (accusative genitive singular)
-rid (accusative genitive plural)
-ri (genitive singular)
-rite (genitive plural)
-rit (partitive singular)
-reid (partitive plural)
-risse (illative singular)
-ritesse (illative plural)
-reisse (illative plural)
-ris (inessive singular)
-rites (inessive plural)
-reis (inessive plural)
-rist (elative singular)
-ritest (elative plural)
-reist (elative plural)
-rile (allative singular)
-ritele (allative plural)
-reile (allative plural)
-ril (adessive singular)
-ritel (adessive plural)
-reil (adessive plural)
-rilt (ablative singular)
-ritelt (ablative plural)
-reilt (ablative plural)
-riks (singular translative)
-riteks (plural translative)
-reiks (plural translative)
-rini (singular terminative)
-riteni (plural terminative)
-rina (essive singular)
-ritena (essive plural)
-rita (abessive singular)
-riteta (abessive plural)
-riga (comitative singular)
-ritega (comitative plural)

Mostly borrowed from Old Norse -ari (“suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs”). Cognate to Finnish -ari, -uri.

bor

kala "fish" → kalur "fisherman"

tuupima "to study excessively" → tuupur "nerd"

surfama "to surf" → surfar "surfer"

õppima "to learn" → õppur "learner"

rokk "rock music" → rokkar "rocker"


-r

(frequentative suffix, obsolete) Added to a stem to form a verb expressing a (quickly) repeating action. No longer productive. It can be found in obscured derivatives, e.g. tántorog, kever.


-r

From the Old Irish ro- (perfective prefix).

A suffix added to certain preverbs and subordinating conjunctions when these occur with past tense verbs, and in the past/conditional copular form of these preverbs and conjunctions.


-r

Creates adverbs indicating stationary location from nominal stems.


-r

-r (masculine nominative singular)
-ru (feminine nominative singular)
-r (neuter nominative singular)
-ranā (accusative masculine singular)
-rā (accusative feminine singular)
-r (accusative neuter singular)
-ras (genitive masculine singular)
-reʀā (feminine genitive singular)
-ras (genitive neuter singular)
-rumē (dative masculine singular)
-reʀē (dative feminine singular)
-rumē (dative neuter singular)
-ru (instrumental masculine singular)
-reʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
-ru (instrumental neuter singular)
-rē (masculine nominative plural)
-rō (feminine nominative plural)
-ru (neuter nominative plural)
-rā (accusative masculine plural)
-rā (accusative feminine plural)
-ru (accusative neuter plural)
-reʀō (genitive masculine plural)
-reʀō (feminine genitive plural)
-reʀō (genitive neuter plural)
-rēm (dative masculine plural)
-rum (dative masculine plural)
-rēm (dative feminine plural)
-rum (dative feminine plural)
-rēm (dative neuter plural)
-rum (dative neuter plural)
-rēm (instrumental masculine plural)
-rum (instrumental masculine plural)
-rēm (feminine instrumental plural)
-rum (feminine instrumental plural)
-rēm (instrumental neuter plural)
-rum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: -or, -er

Old Saxon: -ar

Old High German: -ar

Forms adjectives from verb, indicating a tendency or causation to do the verb.