-ять

-я́ть (canonical)
-ять (canonical)
-játʹ (romanization)
-jatʹ (romanization)
-я́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-я́ющий (active participle present)
-я́вший (active participle past)
-я́емый (participle passive present)
-янный (participle passive past)
-я́я (adverbial participle present)
-я́в (adverbial participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial participle past)
-я́ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (first-person future singular)
-я́ешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (future second-person singular)
-я́ет (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -я́ть (future singular third-person)
-я́ем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -я́ть (first-person future plural)
-я́ете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (future plural second-person)
-я́ют (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -я́ть (future plural third-person)
-я́й (imperative singular)
-я́йте (imperative plural)
-я́л (masculine past singular)
-я́ли (masculine past plural)
-я́ла (feminine past singular)
-я́ли (feminine past plural)
-я́ло (neuter past singular)
-я́ли (neuter past plural)
-я́ть (dated imperfective infinitive)
-я́ющій (active dated participle present)
-я́вшій (active dated participle past)
-я́емый (dated participle passive present)
-янный (dated participle passive past)
-я́я (adverbial dated participle present)
-я́въ (adverbial dated participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial dated participle past)
-я́ю (dated first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (dated first-person future singular)
-я́ешь (dated present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (dated future second-person singular)
-я́етъ (dated present singular third-person)
бу́детъ -я́ть (dated future singular third-person)
-я́емъ (dated first-person plural present)
бу́демъ -я́ть (dated first-person future plural)
-я́ете (dated plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (dated future plural second-person)
-я́ютъ (dated plural present third-person)
бу́дутъ -я́ть (dated future plural third-person)
-я́й (dated imperative singular)
-я́йте (dated imperative plural)
-я́лъ (dated masculine past singular)
-я́ли (dated masculine past plural)
-я́ла (dated feminine past singular)
-я́ли (dated feminine past plural)
-я́ло (dated neuter past singular)
-я́ли (dated neuter past plural)
-́ять (imperfective infinitive)
-́яющий (active participle present)
-́явший (active participle past)
-́яемый (participle passive present)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-́яя (adverbial participle present)
-́яв (adverbial participle past)
-́явши (adverbial participle past)
-́яю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (first-person future singular)
-́яешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (future second-person singular)
-́яет (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -́ять (future singular third-person)
-́яем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -́ять (first-person future plural)
-́яете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (future plural second-person)
-́яют (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -́ять (future plural third-person)
-́яй (imperative singular)
-́яйте (imperative plural)
-́ял (masculine past singular)
-́яли (masculine past plural)
-́яла (feminine past singular)
-́яли (feminine past plural)
-́яло (neuter past singular)
-́яли (neuter past plural)
-́ять (dated imperfective infinitive)
-́яющій (active dated participle present)
-́явшій (active dated participle past)
-́яемый (dated participle passive present)
-́янный (dated participle passive past)
-́яя (adverbial dated participle present)
-́явъ (adverbial dated participle past)
-́явши (adverbial dated participle past)
-́яю (dated first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (dated first-person future singular)
-́яешь (dated present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (dated future second-person singular)
-́яетъ (dated present singular third-person)
бу́детъ -́ять (dated future singular third-person)
-́яемъ (dated first-person plural present)
бу́демъ -́ять (dated first-person future plural)
-́яете (dated plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (dated future plural second-person)
-́яютъ (dated plural present third-person)
бу́дутъ -́ять (dated future plural third-person)
-́яй (dated imperative singular)
-́яйте (dated imperative plural)
-́ялъ (dated masculine past singular)
-́яли (dated masculine past plural)
-́яла (dated feminine past singular)
-́яли (dated feminine past plural)
-́яло (dated neuter past singular)
-́яли (dated neuter past plural)
-я́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-я́щий (active participle present)
-я́вший (active participle past)
-и́мый (participle passive present)
-янный (participle passive past)
-я́ (adverbial participle present)
-я́в (adverbial participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial participle past)
-ю́ (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (first-person future singular)
-и́шь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (future second-person singular)
-и́т (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -я́ть (future singular third-person)
-и́м (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -я́ть (first-person future plural)
-и́те (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (future plural second-person)
-я́т (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -я́ть (future plural third-person)
-и́ (imperative singular)
-и́те (imperative plural)
-я́л (masculine past singular)
-я́ли (masculine past plural)
-я́ла (feminine past singular)
-я́ли (feminine past plural)
-я́ло (neuter past singular)
-я́ли (neuter past plural)
-я́ть (dated imperfective infinitive)
-я́щій (active dated participle present)
-я́вшій (active dated participle past)
-и́мый (dated participle passive present)
-янный (dated participle passive past)
-я́ (adverbial dated participle present)
-я́въ (adverbial dated participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial dated participle past)
-ю́ (dated first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (dated first-person future singular)
-и́шь (dated present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (dated future second-person singular)
-и́тъ (dated present singular third-person)
бу́детъ -я́ть (dated future singular third-person)
-и́мъ (dated first-person plural present)
бу́демъ -я́ть (dated first-person future plural)
-и́те (dated plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (dated future plural second-person)
-я́тъ (dated plural present third-person)
бу́дутъ -я́ть (dated future plural third-person)
-и́ (dated imperative singular)
-и́те (dated imperative plural)
-я́лъ (dated masculine past singular)
-я́ли (dated masculine past plural)
-я́ла (dated feminine past singular)
-я́ли (dated feminine past plural)
-я́ло (dated neuter past singular)
-я́ли (dated neuter past plural)
-́ять (imperfective infinitive)
-́ящий (active participle present)
-́явший (active participle past)
-́имый (participle passive present)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-́я (adverbial participle present)
-́яв (adverbial participle past)
-́явши (adverbial participle past)
-́ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (first-person future singular)
-́ишь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (future second-person singular)
-́ит (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -́ять (future singular third-person)
-́им (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -́ять (first-person future plural)
-́ите (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (future plural second-person)
-́ят (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -́ять (future plural third-person)
-́й (imperative singular)
-́йте (imperative plural)
-́ял (masculine past singular)
-́яли (masculine past plural)
-́яла (feminine past singular)
-́яли (feminine past plural)
-́яло (neuter past singular)
-́яли (neuter past plural)
-́ять (dated imperfective infinitive)
-́ящій (active dated participle present)
-́явшій (active dated participle past)
-́имый (dated participle passive present)
-́янный (dated participle passive past)
-́я (adverbial dated participle present)
-́явъ (adverbial dated participle past)
-́явши (adverbial dated participle past)
-́ю (dated first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (dated first-person future singular)
-́ишь (dated present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (dated future second-person singular)
-́итъ (dated present singular third-person)
бу́детъ -́ять (dated future singular third-person)
-́имъ (dated first-person plural present)
бу́демъ -́ять (dated first-person future plural)
-́ите (dated plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (dated future plural second-person)
-́ятъ (dated plural present third-person)
бу́дутъ -́ять (dated future plural third-person)
-́й (dated imperative singular)
-́йте (dated imperative plural)
-́ялъ (dated masculine past singular)
-́яли (dated masculine past plural)
-́яла (dated feminine past singular)
-́яли (dated feminine past plural)
-́яло (dated neuter past singular)
-́яли (dated neuter past plural)
-я́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-ю́щий (active participle present)
-я́вший (active participle past)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-я́ (adverbial participle present)
-я́в (adverbial participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial participle past)
-ю́ (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (first-person future singular)
-ёшь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (future second-person singular)
-ёт (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -я́ть (future singular third-person)
-ём (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -я́ть (first-person future plural)
-ёте (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (future plural second-person)
-ю́т (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -я́ть (future plural third-person)
-́й (imperative singular)
-́йте (imperative plural)
-я́л (masculine past singular)
-я́ли (masculine past plural)
-я́ла (feminine past singular)
-я́ли (feminine past plural)
-я́ло (neuter past singular)
-я́ли (neuter past plural)
-я́ть (dated imperfective infinitive)
-ю́щій (active dated participle present)
-я́вшій (active dated participle past)
-́янный (dated participle passive past)
-я́ (adverbial dated participle present)
-я́въ (adverbial dated participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial dated participle past)
-ю́ (dated first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (dated first-person future singular)
-ёшь (dated present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (dated future second-person singular)
-ётъ (dated present singular third-person)
бу́детъ -я́ть (dated future singular third-person)
-ёмъ (dated first-person plural present)
бу́демъ -я́ть (dated first-person future plural)
-ёте (dated plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (dated future plural second-person)
-ю́тъ (dated plural present third-person)
бу́дутъ -я́ть (dated future plural third-person)
-́й (dated imperative singular)
-́йте (dated imperative plural)
-я́лъ (dated masculine past singular)
-я́ли (dated masculine past plural)
-я́ла (dated feminine past singular)
-я́ли (dated feminine past plural)
-я́ло (dated neuter past singular)
-я́ли (dated neuter past plural)
-́ять (imperfective infinitive)
-́ющий (active participle present)
-́явший (active participle past)
-́емый (participle passive present)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-́я (adverbial participle present)
-́яв (adverbial participle past)
-́явши (adverbial participle past)
-́ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (first-person future singular)
-́ешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (future second-person singular)
-́ет (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -́ять (future singular third-person)
-́ем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -́ять (first-person future plural)
-́ете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (future plural second-person)
-́ют (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -́ять (future plural third-person)
-́й (imperative singular)
-́йте (imperative plural)
-́ял (masculine past singular)
-́яли (masculine past plural)
-́яла (feminine past singular)
-́яли (feminine past plural)
-́яло (neuter past singular)
-́яли (neuter past plural)
-́ять (dated imperfective infinitive)
-́ющій (active dated participle present)
-́явшій (active dated participle past)
-́емый (dated participle passive present)
-́янный (dated participle passive past)
-́я (adverbial dated participle present)
-́явъ (adverbial dated participle past)
-́явши (adverbial dated participle past)
-́ю (dated first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (dated first-person future singular)
-́ешь (dated present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (dated future second-person singular)
-́етъ (dated present singular third-person)
бу́детъ -́ять (dated future singular third-person)
-́емъ (dated first-person plural present)
бу́демъ -́ять (dated first-person future plural)
-́ете (dated plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (dated future plural second-person)
-́ютъ (dated plural present third-person)
бу́дутъ -́ять (dated future plural third-person)
-́й (dated imperative singular)
-́йте (dated imperative plural)
-́ялъ (dated masculine past singular)
-́яли (dated masculine past plural)
-́яла (dated feminine past singular)
-́яли (dated feminine past plural)
-́яло (dated neuter past singular)
-́яли (dated neuter past plural)

на- (na-) + пра́вить impf (právitʹ, “to drive, to steer”) → напра́вить pf (naprávitʹ, “to direct”) + -я́ть (-játʹ) → направля́ть impf (napravljátʹ)

The infinitive suffix for many verbs. Usually indicates an imperfective verb. Often used to derive imperfective verbs from prefixed perfective verbs in -ить (-itʹ), and triggers iotation.


-ljanin

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting an inhabitant.


-анин

-а́нин (canonical)
-ани́н (canonical)
-ánin (romanization)
-anín (romanization)
-а́нин (nominative singular)
-ани́н (nominative singular)
-а́не (nominative plural)
-а́нина (genitive singular)
-ани́на (genitive singular)
-а́н (genitive plural)
-а́нину (dative singular)
-ани́ну (dative singular)
-а́нам (dative plural)
-а́нина (accusative singular)
-ани́на (accusative singular)
-а́н (accusative plural)
-а́нином (instrumental singular)
-ани́ном (instrumental singular)
-а́нами (instrumental plural)
-а́нине (prepositional singular)
-ани́не (prepositional singular)
-а́нах (plural prepositional)

Alternative form of -я́нин, -яни́н (-jánin, -janín)


-nyymi

-nyymi (nominative singular)
-nyymit (nominative plural)
-nyymi (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymit (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymin (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymit (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymin (genitive singular)
-nyymien (genitive plural)
-nyymiä (partitive singular)
-nyymejä (partitive plural)
-nyymissä (inessive singular)
-nyymeissä (inessive plural)
-nyymistä (elative singular)
-nyymeistä (elative plural)
-nyymiin (illative singular)
-nyymeihin (illative plural)
-nyymillä (adessive singular)
-nyymeillä (adessive plural)
-nyymiltä (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltä (ablative plural)
-nyymille (allative singular)
-nyymeille (allative plural)
-nyyminä (essive singular)
-nyymeinä (essive plural)
-nyymiksi (singular translative)
-nyymeiksi (plural translative)
-nyymittä (abessive singular)
-nyymeittä (abessive plural)
-nyymein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-nyymini (nominative singular)
-nyymini (nominative plural)
-nyymini (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymini (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymini (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymini (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymini (genitive singular)
-nyymieni (genitive plural)
-nyymiäni (partitive singular)
-nyymejäni (partitive plural)
-nyymissäni (inessive singular)
-nyymeissäni (inessive plural)
-nyymistäni (elative singular)
-nyymeistäni (elative plural)
-nyymiini (illative singular)
-nyymeihini (illative plural)
-nyymilläni (adessive singular)
-nyymeilläni (adessive plural)
-nyymiltäni (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltäni (ablative plural)
-nyymilleni (allative singular)
-nyymeilleni (allative plural)
-nyyminäni (essive singular)
-nyymeinäni (essive plural)
-nyymikseni (singular translative)
-nyymeikseni (plural translative)
-nyymittäni (abessive singular)
-nyymeittäni (abessive plural)
-nyymeineni (comitative plural)
-nyymisi (nominative singular)
-nyymisi (nominative plural)
-nyymisi (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymisi (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymisi (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymisi (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymisi (genitive singular)
-nyymiesi (genitive plural)
-nyymiäsi (partitive singular)
-nyymejäsi (partitive plural)
-nyymissäsi (inessive singular)
-nyymeissäsi (inessive plural)
-nyymistäsi (elative singular)
-nyymeistäsi (elative plural)
-nyymiisi (illative singular)
-nyymeihisi (illative plural)
-nyymilläsi (adessive singular)
-nyymeilläsi (adessive plural)
-nyymiltäsi (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltäsi (ablative plural)
-nyymillesi (allative singular)
-nyymeillesi (allative plural)
-nyyminäsi (essive singular)
-nyymeinäsi (essive plural)
-nyymiksesi (singular translative)
-nyymeiksesi (plural translative)
-nyymittäsi (abessive singular)
-nyymeittäsi (abessive plural)
-nyymeinesi (comitative plural)
-nyymimme (nominative singular)
-nyymimme (nominative plural)
-nyymimme (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymimme (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymimme (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymimme (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymimme (genitive singular)
-nyymiemme (genitive plural)
-nyymiämme (partitive singular)
-nyymejämme (partitive plural)
-nyymissämme (inessive singular)
-nyymeissämme (inessive plural)
-nyymistämme (elative singular)
-nyymeistämme (elative plural)
-nyymiimme (illative singular)
-nyymeihimme (illative plural)
-nyymillämme (adessive singular)
-nyymeillämme (adessive plural)
-nyymiltämme (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltämme (ablative plural)
-nyymillemme (allative singular)
-nyymeillemme (allative plural)
-nyyminämme (essive singular)
-nyymeinämme (essive plural)
-nyymiksemme (singular translative)
-nyymeiksemme (plural translative)
-nyymittämme (abessive singular)
-nyymeittämme (abessive plural)
-nyymeinemme (comitative plural)
-nyyminne (nominative singular)
-nyyminne (nominative plural)
-nyyminne (accusative nominative singular)
-nyyminne (accusative nominative plural)
-nyyminne (accusative genitive singular)
-nyyminne (accusative genitive plural)
-nyyminne (genitive singular)
-nyymienne (genitive plural)
-nyymiänne (partitive singular)
-nyymejänne (partitive plural)
-nyymissänne (inessive singular)
-nyymeissänne (inessive plural)
-nyymistänne (elative singular)
-nyymeistänne (elative plural)
-nyymiinne (illative singular)
-nyymeihinne (illative plural)
-nyymillänne (adessive singular)
-nyymeillänne (adessive plural)
-nyymiltänne (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltänne (ablative plural)
-nyymillenne (allative singular)
-nyymeillenne (allative plural)
-nyyminänne (essive singular)
-nyymeinänne (essive plural)
-nyymiksenne (singular translative)
-nyymeiksenne (plural translative)
-nyymittänne (abessive singular)
-nyymeittänne (abessive plural)
-nyymeinenne (comitative plural)
-nyyminsä (nominative singular)
-nyyminsä (nominative plural)
-nyyminsä (accusative nominative singular)
-nyyminsä (accusative nominative plural)
-nyyminsä (accusative genitive singular)
-nyyminsä (accusative genitive plural)
-nyyminsä (genitive singular)
-nyymiensä (genitive plural)
-nyymiään (partitive singular)
-nyymiänsä (partitive singular)
-nyymejään (partitive plural)
-nyymejänsä (partitive plural)
-nyymissään (inessive singular)
-nyymissänsä (inessive singular)
-nyymeissään (inessive plural)
-nyymeissänsä (inessive plural)
-nyymistään (elative singular)
-nyymistänsä (elative singular)
-nyymeistään (elative plural)
-nyymeistänsä (elative plural)
-nyymiinsä (illative singular)
-nyymeihinsä (illative plural)
-nyymillään (adessive singular)
-nyymillänsä (adessive singular)
-nyymeillään (adessive plural)
-nyymeillänsä (adessive plural)
-nyymiltään (ablative singular)
-nyymiltänsä (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltään (ablative plural)
-nyymeiltänsä (ablative plural)
-nyymilleen (allative singular)
-nyymillensä (allative singular)
-nyymeilleen (allative plural)
-nyymeillensä (allative plural)
-nyyminään (essive singular)
-nyyminänsä (essive singular)
-nyymeinään (essive plural)
-nyymeinänsä (essive plural)
-nyymikseen (singular translative)
-nyymiksensä (singular translative)
-nyymeikseen (plural translative)
-nyymeiksensä (plural translative)
-nyymittään (abessive singular)
-nyymittänsä (abessive singular)
-nyymeittään (abessive plural)
-nyymeittänsä (abessive plural)
-nyymeineen (comitative plural)
-nyymeinensä (comitative plural)
-nyymi (nominative singular)
-nyymit (nominative plural)
-nyymi (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymit (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymin (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymit (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymin (genitive singular)
-nyymien (genitive plural)
-nyymia (partitive singular)
-nyymeja (partitive plural)
-nyymissa (inessive singular)
-nyymeissa (inessive plural)
-nyymista (elative singular)
-nyymeista (elative plural)
-nyymiin (illative singular)
-nyymeihin (illative plural)
-nyymilla (adessive singular)
-nyymeilla (adessive plural)
-nyymilta (ablative singular)
-nyymeilta (ablative plural)
-nyymille (allative singular)
-nyymeille (allative plural)
-nyymina (essive singular)
-nyymeina (essive plural)
-nyymiksi (singular translative)
-nyymeiksi (plural translative)
-nyymitta (abessive singular)
-nyymeitta (abessive plural)
-nyymein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-nyymini (nominative singular)
-nyymini (nominative plural)
-nyymini (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymini (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymini (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymini (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymini (genitive singular)
-nyymieni (genitive plural)
-nyymiani (partitive singular)
-nyymejani (partitive plural)
-nyymissani (inessive singular)
-nyymeissani (inessive plural)
-nyymistani (elative singular)
-nyymeistani (elative plural)
-nyymiini (illative singular)
-nyymeihini (illative plural)
-nyymillani (adessive singular)
-nyymeillani (adessive plural)
-nyymiltani (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltani (ablative plural)
-nyymilleni (allative singular)
-nyymeilleni (allative plural)
-nyyminani (essive singular)
-nyymeinani (essive plural)
-nyymikseni (singular translative)
-nyymeikseni (plural translative)
-nyymittani (abessive singular)
-nyymeittani (abessive plural)
-nyymeineni (comitative plural)
-nyymisi (nominative singular)
-nyymisi (nominative plural)
-nyymisi (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymisi (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymisi (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymisi (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymisi (genitive singular)
-nyymiesi (genitive plural)
-nyymiasi (partitive singular)
-nyymejasi (partitive plural)
-nyymissasi (inessive singular)
-nyymeissasi (inessive plural)
-nyymistasi (elative singular)
-nyymeistasi (elative plural)
-nyymiisi (illative singular)
-nyymeihisi (illative plural)
-nyymillasi (adessive singular)
-nyymeillasi (adessive plural)
-nyymiltasi (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltasi (ablative plural)
-nyymillesi (allative singular)
-nyymeillesi (allative plural)
-nyyminasi (essive singular)
-nyymeinasi (essive plural)
-nyymiksesi (singular translative)
-nyymeiksesi (plural translative)
-nyymittasi (abessive singular)
-nyymeittasi (abessive plural)
-nyymeinesi (comitative plural)
-nyymimme (nominative singular)
-nyymimme (nominative plural)
-nyymimme (accusative nominative singular)
-nyymimme (accusative nominative plural)
-nyymimme (accusative genitive singular)
-nyymimme (accusative genitive plural)
-nyymimme (genitive singular)
-nyymiemme (genitive plural)
-nyymiamme (partitive singular)
-nyymejamme (partitive plural)
-nyymissamme (inessive singular)
-nyymeissamme (inessive plural)
-nyymistamme (elative singular)
-nyymeistamme (elative plural)
-nyymiimme (illative singular)
-nyymeihimme (illative plural)
-nyymillamme (adessive singular)
-nyymeillamme (adessive plural)
-nyymiltamme (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltamme (ablative plural)
-nyymillemme (allative singular)
-nyymeillemme (allative plural)
-nyyminamme (essive singular)
-nyymeinamme (essive plural)
-nyymiksemme (singular translative)
-nyymeiksemme (plural translative)
-nyymittamme (abessive singular)
-nyymeittamme (abessive plural)
-nyymeinemme (comitative plural)
-nyyminne (nominative singular)
-nyyminne (nominative plural)
-nyyminne (accusative nominative singular)
-nyyminne (accusative nominative plural)
-nyyminne (accusative genitive singular)
-nyyminne (accusative genitive plural)
-nyyminne (genitive singular)
-nyymienne (genitive plural)
-nyymianne (partitive singular)
-nyymejanne (partitive plural)
-nyymissanne (inessive singular)
-nyymeissanne (inessive plural)
-nyymistanne (elative singular)
-nyymeistanne (elative plural)
-nyymiinne (illative singular)
-nyymeihinne (illative plural)
-nyymillanne (adessive singular)
-nyymeillanne (adessive plural)
-nyymiltanne (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltanne (ablative plural)
-nyymillenne (allative singular)
-nyymeillenne (allative plural)
-nyyminanne (essive singular)
-nyymeinanne (essive plural)
-nyymiksenne (singular translative)
-nyymeiksenne (plural translative)
-nyymittanne (abessive singular)
-nyymeittanne (abessive plural)
-nyymeinenne (comitative plural)
-nyyminsa (nominative singular)
-nyyminsa (nominative plural)
-nyyminsa (accusative nominative singular)
-nyyminsa (accusative nominative plural)
-nyyminsa (accusative genitive singular)
-nyyminsa (accusative genitive plural)
-nyyminsa (genitive singular)
-nyymiensa (genitive plural)
-nyymiaan (partitive singular)
-nyymiansa (partitive singular)
-nyymejaan (partitive plural)
-nyymejansa (partitive plural)
-nyymissaan (inessive singular)
-nyymissansa (inessive singular)
-nyymeissaan (inessive plural)
-nyymeissansa (inessive plural)
-nyymistaan (elative singular)
-nyymistansa (elative singular)
-nyymeistaan (elative plural)
-nyymeistansa (elative plural)
-nyymiinsa (illative singular)
-nyymeihinsa (illative plural)
-nyymillaan (adessive singular)
-nyymillansa (adessive singular)
-nyymeillaan (adessive plural)
-nyymeillansa (adessive plural)
-nyymiltaan (ablative singular)
-nyymiltansa (ablative singular)
-nyymeiltaan (ablative plural)
-nyymeiltansa (ablative plural)
-nyymilleen (allative singular)
-nyymillensa (allative singular)
-nyymeilleen (allative plural)
-nyymeillensa (allative plural)
-nyyminaan (essive singular)
-nyyminansa (essive singular)
-nyymeinaan (essive plural)
-nyymeinansa (essive plural)
-nyymikseen (singular translative)
-nyymiksensa (singular translative)
-nyymeikseen (plural translative)
-nyymeiksensa (plural translative)
-nyymittaan (abessive singular)
-nyymittansa (abessive singular)
-nyymeittaan (abessive plural)
-nyymeittansa (abessive plural)
-nyymeineen (comitative plural)
-nyymeinensa (comitative plural)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ὄνυμα (ónuma); compare English -nym, German -nym, Swedish -nym


-kérezik

süt (“to shine”) + -kérezik → sütkérezik (“to bask in the sun”)

(frequentative suffix, rare, obsolete) Added to a verb to create a new verb to express repetitive actions.


మాజీ-

head

మాజీ- • (mājī-)

Borrowed from Classical Persian ماضی (māzī), from Arabic مَاضِي (māḍī). Compare Kannada ಮಾಜಿ (māji), Hindustani माज़ी (māzī) / مَاضِی (māzī), Tamil மாஜி (māji), Marathi माजी (mājī), Gujarati માજી (mājī).

der

Arabic مَاضِي (māḍī)


-աւանդ

-awand (romanization)
-աւանդ (nominative singular)
-աւանդք (nominative plural)
-աւանդի (genitive singular)
-աւանդաց (genitive plural)
-աւանդի (dative singular)
-աւանդաց (dative plural)
-աւանդ (accusative singular)
-աւանդս (accusative plural)
-աւանդէ (ablative singular)
-աւանդաց (ablative plural)
-աւանդաւ (instrumental singular)
-աւանդի (locative singular)
-աւանդս (locative plural)

xcl-decl-noun

-աւանդաւք = -աւանդօք

From -ա- (-a-) + Iranian *-βand, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-. See also -աւանդակ (-awandak).


-աւանդակ

-awandak (romanization)
-աւանդակ (nominative singular)
-աւանդակք (nominative plural)
-աւանդակի (genitive singular)
-աւանդակաց (genitive plural)
-աւանդակի (dative singular)
-աւանդակաց (dative plural)
-աւանդակ (accusative singular)
-աւանդակս (accusative plural)
-աւանդակէ (ablative singular)
-աւանդակաց (ablative plural)
-աւանդակաւ (instrumental singular)
-աւանդակի (locative singular)
-աւանդակս (locative plural)

-աւանդակաւք = -աւանդակօք

From -ա- (-a-) + Iranian *-βandak. Related to -աւանդ (-awand).


-աւէտ

Armenian: -ավետ (-avet)

Probably from Iranian *-vaita; compare Khotanese [script needed] (-vīya). Relation with աւետեմ (awetem) is unlikely.


მი-

მიტანა მიტანა#Georgian

Indicates movement from the speaker (see, მიტანა (miṭana))

მიხვრეტა მიხვრეტა#Georgian

ხვრეტა ხვრეტა#Georgian

Derives perfective verbs from imperfective ones (see, მიხვრეტა (mixvreṭa), ხვრეტა (xvreṭa))

მიალაგებს მიალაგებს#Georgian

ალაგებს ალაგებს#Georgian

Makes the future tense from the present (see, მიალაგებს (mialagebs), ალაგებს (alagebs))


-օղ

-ōł (romanization)
-օղ (nominative singular)
-օղք (nominative plural)
-օղի (genitive singular)
-օղաց (genitive plural)
-օղի (dative singular)
-օղաց (dative plural)
-օղ (accusative singular)
-օղս (accusative plural)
-օղէ (ablative singular)
-օղաց (ablative plural)
-օղաւ (instrumental singular)
-օղօք (instrumental plural)
-օղի (locative singular)
-օղս (locative plural)

Armenian: -ող (-oġ)

The original spelling is -աւղ (-awł), from Proto-Indo-European *-tlo-, a thematic form of the *-tel- suffix, with a preceding *-ā or *-ə. Compare ծնօղ (cnōł) from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenətlo-. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *-teľь.
The spelling -ող (-oł) is either an early monophthongized version of -աւղ (-awł) or has another origin, perhaps Proto-Indo-European *-olo-, *olā-; compare the ending of Ancient Greek μαινόλης (mainólēs), φαινόλης (phainólēs).
The endings of ձախող (jaxoł), յաջող (yaǰoł), խճող (xčoł) may be different from this suffix; they may be of Urartian origin.

Forming adjectives and agent nouns from verbs.


-pants

[book title]

1986, Babette Cole, Princess Smartypants, Hamish Hamilton, →ISBN:

We used to call her Miss Bossy Pants when she was a kid.

1999, Eden Robinson, Monkey Beach: A Novel, Abacus, (cited from Houghton Mifflin/Mariner Books, 2002), p. 91

You had to pull one of your stupid disappearing tricks because you were being a pouty-pants.

2005, Lauren Myracle, Rhyme with Witches, Amulet Books, →ISBN, page 21:

Gee, maybe her name should be "Princess Demandy Pants".

2012, April 21, Meghan McCarthy, "A Canterlot Wedding - Part 1" [television episode], My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic

bossypants, fancypants, smarty pants, greedy-pants, pouty pants

(informal, usually derogatory) Used with adjectives ending in -y to form nicknames based on a negative quality of a person.


-օն

-ōn (romanization)
-օն (nominative singular)
-օնք (nominative plural)
-օնի (genitive singular)
-օնից (genitive plural)
-օնի (dative singular)
-օնից (dative plural)
-օն (accusative singular)
-օնս (accusative plural)
-օնէ (ablative singular)
-օնից (ablative plural)
-օնիւ (instrumental singular)
-օնիւք (instrumental plural)
-օնի (locative singular)
-օնս (locative plural)

Armenian: -ոն (-on)

The original spelling is -աւն (-awn), from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥, with a preceding stem vowel -a-. Later applied to other stems, by analogy. See also -օնք (-ōnkʻ).


-օնք

head

-օնք • (-ōnkʻ)

xcl-suffix

-օնք • (-ōnkʻ)

Armenian: -ոնք (-onkʻ)


-աք

Probably from the stem vowel -a- + Proto-Indo-European *-k(o)- suffix. The -ք- (-kʻ-) in ներքին (nerkʻin), ներքոյ (nerkʻoy) is probably of the same origin. Compare -ոք (-okʻ), հերիք (herikʻ).

A suffix found in թանաք (tʻanakʻ), սլաք (slakʻ) and probably արտաքին (artakʻin), արտաքս (artakʻs).


-եակ

-eak (romanization)
-եակ (nominative singular)
-եակք (nominative plural)
-եկի (genitive singular)
-եկաց (genitive plural)
-եկի (dative singular)
-եկաց (dative plural)
-եակ (accusative singular)
-եակս (accusative plural)
-եկէ (ablative singular)
-եկաց (ablative plural)
-եկաւ (instrumental singular)
-եկաւք = -եկօք (-ekawkʻ = -ekōkʻ) (instrumental plural)
-եկի (locative singular)
-եակս (locative plural)

xcl-decl-noun

-եկաւք = -եկօք

Armenian: -յակ (-yak)

From Iranian *-ya-ka-, the older form of *-īk.


-yi

From Old French -ier, from Latin -ārius.

(Jersey) used to form the names of trees bearing a particular type of fruit


-եար

Armenian: -եր (-er)

From the stem vowel -i- + Proto-Indo-European *-ьro-, *-ero- suffix.


Cymro-

The root of the Cornish language was the same as that of the Welsh language, but largely amalgamated with the Saxon; […] Every vestige of this old Cymro-Saxon jargon has however past away, except it be indeed the use of a few pronouns decidedly Saxon.

1838 March, Sylvanus Urban (pseudonym), review of The Parochial History of Cornwall, in The Gentleman’s Magazine, volume IX, page 274

They moved to Rhydlewis, just to the west of Llandysul, where he spent what appears to have been a poor (his mother was expelled from chapel for not paying her dues) and unhappy childhood, falling foul of the Cymrophobic education system of the time.

2004, Jim Perrin, Travels with the Flea... and Other Eccentric Journeys, →ISBN:

Formerly Mr Driscoll held court at that bastion of Welsh nationalism, The Cayo Arms, on Cardiff’s Cathedral Road, where he could be consulted on any matter concerning Cymro-Irish relations as long as an element of rugby football was included in the conversation.

2010 July 15, Graham Henry, “Irish 'consul' holds court at new HQ”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Western Mail:


emp-

Assimilation of ent- before f-. In Middle High German, assimilated and non-assimilated forms were used interchangeably; compare enphinden alongside entvinden. Eventually, the form emp- became standardised in three verb stems. Compare the similar assimilation -ntb- → -mp- in empor, Wimper, and Himper (archaic variant of Himbeere).

Alternative form of ent-, only used in empfangen, empfehlen, empfinden, and derivatives of these.


oftailmi-

oftailmi-
n-oftailmi-
hoftailmi-
t-oftailmi-

From Ancient Greek ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós, “eye”).


colo-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Latin colon, whence also English colon.

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary


Cambro-

[T]hough a good Cambro-Briton as I hope, and properly Zealous for my Countrys Glory, I have lived too long in England not to laugh when reading of Madog and Fadog and Cywrgie […].

1795 November 19, Hester Lynch Piozzi, Thraliana:

History proves that for centuries the Anglo-Saxons fought, formed treaties, intermarried with the Cymbric race [...] They even themselves passed through intermixture out of the properly Anglo-Saxon into the Cambro-Saxon phase, constituting in fact a new race.

1868, Thomas Nicholas, The Pedigree of the English People, page 442:

In present-day Colloquial Welsh borrowed nouns retain noun plurals in the exact shape that they occur in Cambro-English; for example (in north-western areas): [kondəktərs] 'conductors', loris 'lorries'.

1993, Martin John Ball, James Fife, The Celtic Languages, →ISBN, page 311:


-sis

Ultimately from Ancient Greek -σις (-sis, “forms noun of action”), often via Latin or French. Identical in meaning with Latin -entia, English -ing.

psoriasis, sepsis, tuberculosis, psychosis


-sis

es-noun

-sis f (noun-forming suffix, plural -sises)


-riffic

Probably a rebracketing of terrific. Used in the 1950s to form trademarks and words used in advertising.

... he remained in the "swank" II Redentore Suite of the "exclusive" L'Elegance whenever he and "curvaceous starlet" Geni What- everhernamewas "(40-20-35)" were not being a "two-riffic twosome" at some "plush nitery."

Put them in a gift bag with the note, "You're a tea-riffic boss," or, "As bosses go, you suit us to a tea!"

2003, Robyn Freedman Spizman, The Giftionary: An A-Z Reference Guide ..., page 90:

Like Pip, I too have great expectations, or as Sinatra would say, high hopes, although it's hard to keep them in mind when your job requires you to say things like "Would you care for one of our chick-a-riffic side dishes?"

2004, Marc Acito, How I Paid for College: A Novel of Sex, Theft, Friendship & Musical Theater, Random House, →ISBN, page 104:

How can university professors turn computer curmudgeons into techno-riffic teachers?

2005, Jacqueline Hansen, “Training Techno-riffic Teachers”, in M. O. Thirunarayanan, Aixa Pérez-Prado, editors, Integrating Technology In Higher Education, University Press of America, →ISBN, page 275:

Now birdbaths can be as fun and lively as you like, suited to any style and budget, and super-simple or gizmo-riffic.

2008, Deborah L. Martin, Best-Ever Backyard Birding Tips, Rodale, →ISBN, page 177:

It really was pimp-a-riffic. Straight out of a vintage porno, I swear to God.

2011, Cherie Priest, Hellbent, Random House, →ISBN, page 106:

Moo-riffic Milk Sure, kids love milk, but at snacktime, try jazzing up the plain stuff with fruit, cocoa, and other fun flavors.

2012, Dana Points et al., editors, Parents® Quick & Easy Kid-Friendly Meals, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 182:

Thankfully, King Homer, like non-King Homer, has an angel named Marge to save him from himself and his rages. In an agreeably perverse resolution, “King Homer” ends with King Homer marrying Marge in a ceremony that brings together the species in a bestiality-riffic ending.

2012 April 29, Nathan Rabin, review of the Simpsons episode “Treehouse of Horror III”, in The A.V. Club

Used to form intensified adjectives from nouns and adjectives.


-եմն

From the stem vowel -ե- (-e-) + -մն (-mn), the latter derived from some Proto-Indo-European suffix, probably the source of Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “a particle used to strengthen statements”), and found also in ո-մն (o-mn) and ի-մն (i-mn).


-երեակ

-ereak (romanization)
-երեակ (nominative singular)
-երեակք (nominative plural)
-եկի (genitive singular)
-եկաց (genitive plural)
-եկի (dative singular)
-եկաց (dative plural)
-երեակ (accusative singular)
-երեակս (accusative plural)
-եկէ (ablative singular)
-եկաց (ablative plural)
-եկաւ (instrumental singular)
-եկաւք = -եկօք (-ekawkʻ = -ekōkʻ) (instrumental plural)
-եկի (locative singular)
-երեակս (locative plural)

xcl-decl-noun

-եկաւք = -եկօք

From -եր (-er) + -եակ (-eak). In հնգերեակ (hngereak) the element -եր (-er) is from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷe-ro. In the rest it either developed by analogy or is from Proto-Indo-European *-er- antithetic suffix.


-եցիկ

-ecʻik (romanization)
-եցիկ (nominative singular)
-եցիկք (nominative plural)
-եցկի (genitive singular)
-եցկաց (genitive plural)
-եցկի (dative singular)
-եցկաց (dative plural)
-եցիկ (accusative singular)
-եցիկս (accusative plural)
-եցկէ (ablative singular)
-եցկաց (ablative plural)
-եցկաւ (instrumental singular)
-եցկաւք = -եցկօք (-ecʻkawkʻ = -ecʻkōkʻ) (instrumental plural)
-եցկի (locative singular)
-եցիկս (locative plural)

-եցկաւք = -եցկօք

Probably developed by analogy with words like ազդեցիկ (azdecʻik), դիեցիկ (diecʻik), երգեցիկ (ergecʻik), which are formed from the aorist ending -եաց (-eacʻ) + -իկ (-ik).


-և

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian -և (-ew).


-և

→ Armenian: -և (-ew) (learned)

Of the same origin as the ending of the instrumental -ւ (-w). Compare the pairs արդարև (ardarew) : արդարով (ardarov), հետև (hetew) : հետով (hetov).


-ևին

From the stem vowel -ե- (-e-) + -ւ- (-w-), which has the same origin as -ւ (-w, “instrumental case marker”), namely Proto-Indo-European *-bʰi, + -ին (-in) suffix. Alternatively, and more probably, -ին (-in) may reflect the -i- in Proto-Indo-European *-bʰi followed by a demonstrative element from Proto-Indo-European *-nós > -ն (-n). Compare -ովին (-ovin).


-եք

From the stem vowel -ե- (-e-) + Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe.


-էճ

Probably from the Iranian diminutive suffix -ēč, found also in Մանէճ (Manēč).


-էն

From Proto-Indo-European *ey-ni-, *oy-no- (“that”). The ending in սո-յն (so-yn), դո-յն (do-yn), նո-յն (no-yn) has the same origin.


-էք

head

-էք • (-ēkʻ)

xcl-suffix

-էք • (-ēkʻ)


წა-

Indicates that action denoted by verb is superficial


წარმო-

(archaic) Alternative form of წამო- (c̣amo-). However, it's used to produce a number of modern words.


acanth-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from New Latin, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos, “thorn plant”), from ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”).


acantho-

Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos, “thorn plant”), from ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”).


acantho-

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos, “thorn plant”), from ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”).


zó-

From Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”).

zó- + eolaíocht (“science”) → zó-eolaíocht (“zoology”)

zó- + planctón (“plankton”) → zóplanctón (“zooplankton”)

zó- + spór (“spore”) → zóspór (“zoospore”)


macra-

From Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”), from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱrós.


nekro-

Internationalism (see English necro-), ultimately from Ancient Greek νεκρός (nekrós, “dead”).


nekro-

From Ancient Greek νεκρός (nekrós, “dead”).


-bound

Confined or restricted to a certain place; unable to move in certain conditions; -ridden


liti-

From Ancient Greek λῐ́θος (lĭ́thos, “stone”).


tétra-

From Ancient Greek τετρα- (tetra-, “four”).


ჩა-

From Old Georgian შთა- (šta-), equivalent to შე- (še-) + და- (da-): *შედა- (šeda-) -> *შდა- (šda-) -> შთა- (šta-) -> ჩა- (ča-).

Indicates the direction of the verb: from up to low (sometimes inside too)

Derives perfective verbs from imperfective ones


he-

Indicating a male, usually of an animal.


ამო-

Indicates the direction of the verb: towards a teller which is higher in order, position etc.


-gène

→ Catalan: -gen

→ English: -gen

Norwegian Bokmål: -gen

Norwegian Nynorsk: -gen

→ Turkish: -jen

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).


-émie

From Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma, “blood”).


ischio-

Combining form of Ancient Greek ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “ischium”).


-իլ

Probably from the Proto-Indo-European *-lós suffix, with a preceding -ի- (-i-) vowel.


-ancia

-ancia (nominative singular)
-anciák (nominative plural)
-anciát (accusative singular)
-anciákat (accusative plural)
-anciának (dative singular)
-anciáknak (dative plural)
-anciával (instrumental singular)
-anciákkal (instrumental plural)
-anciáért (causal-final singular)
-anciákért (causal-final plural)
-anciává (singular translative)
-anciákká (plural translative)
-anciáig (singular terminative)
-anciákig (plural terminative)
-anciaként (essive-formal singular)
-anciákként (essive-formal plural)
-anciában (inessive singular)
-anciákban (inessive plural)
-ancián (singular superessive)
-anciákon (plural superessive)
-anciánál (adessive singular)
-anciáknál (adessive plural)
-anciába (illative singular)
-anciákba (illative plural)
-anciára (singular sublative)
-anciákra (plural sublative)
-anciához (allative singular)
-anciákhoz (allative plural)
-anciából (elative singular)
-anciákból (elative plural)
-anciáról (delative singular)
-anciákról (delative plural)
-anciától (ablative singular)
-anciáktól (ablative plural)
-anciáé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-anciáké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-anciáéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
-anciákéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
-anciám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
-anciáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
-anciád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
-anciáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
-anciája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
-anciái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
-anciánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
-anciáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
-anciátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
-anciáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
-anciájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
-anciáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

elegancia (“elegance”)


-ancia

es-noun

-ancia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ancias)

Borrowed from Latin -antia. Compare -anza.


-ida

(taxonomy) Now used principally to form taxonomic names at the ranks of class and order and ranks formed by prefixes applied to class and order, often originating as names of orders


-ida

-ida (nominative singular)
-idy (nominative plural)
-idy (genitive singular)
-id (genitive plural)
-idzie (dative singular)
-idom (dative plural)
-idę (accusative singular)
-idy (accusative plural)
-idą (instrumental singular)
-idami (instrumental plural)
-idzie (locative singular)
-idach (locative plural)
-ido (singular vocative)
-idy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos).

lbor

geo- + -ida → geoida


-ինք

Probably of the same origin as the plural ending -ինք (-inkʻ) of several n-type nouns (գառն (gaṙn) : գառինք (gaṙinkʻ), բեռն (beṙn) : բեռինք (beṙinkʻ), քար (kʻar) : քարինք (kʻarinkʻ)) from Proto-Indo-European *-en-es. See also -ունք (-unkʻ).

քրիստոսինք


-իր

From the Proto-Indo-European *-ro- suffix, with a preceding -i- vowel. See also -ար (-ar).


-իցս

From -ից (-icʻ) + -ս (-s, “adverbial suffix”). The -ից (-icʻ) is either from Proto-Indo-European with a parallel in Old High German zuiski or is the genitive-dative ending of երից (ericʻ), չորից (čʻoricʻ) applied to the rest by analogy.


-ība

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ība, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-o-, from a stem *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”), first applied to i-stems, from which it incorporated the stem-final i, and then spread to other stem classes. Cognates include Lithuanian -yba (cf. tikýba (“belief, faith”)), Lithuanian -ybė, Proto-Slavic *-ьba.

Added to adjectives (sometimes to nouns) to form abstract nouns, especially those referring to the state or property that corresponds to the original adjective (like, e.g., Eng. -ity).


-verse

Women's lib in the BSGverse.

2008, Lynnette Porter, David Lavery, Hillary Robson, Finding Battlestar Galactica, page 150:

This is Uhura's – and Uhura's fans' – big moment, the moment in which she blazingly comes alive as a member of the Trekverse.

2009, David Greven, Gender and Sexuality in Star Trek, page 216:

Forming compounds nouns denoting the fictional world of a given character, television series etc.


-nieks

Cognate with Lithuanian -ininkas (note that -nieks often causes palatalization of the preceding consonant, or even occurs as -inieks, with an initial i that corresponds to the initial i of the Lithuanian suffix; e.g. tirdzinieks) and Proto-Slavic *-nikъ. The feminine form -niece is derived from -nieks with the feminine suffix -e, with palatalization of the final k to c.

Added to nouns (or sometimes to adjectives and a few verbs) to form masculine (-nieks) or feminine (-niece) agent nouns, referring to a person whose activity or occupation the original term is (like English -er), or who inhabits the place (city, country, etc.) named by the original term (like English -ian).


θεό-

identical form of θεο- (theo-) with accent


-šana

Added to verbs to form feminine action nouns, referring to an activity that corresponds to the meaning of the original verb (like English -ing or -tion).


-šanās

The counterpart of -šana that occurs with reflexive vebs, likewise used to form feminine action nouns, referring to a the activity that corresponds to the meaning of the original verb is (like English -ing).


-ājs

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀjas. Cognate with Lithuanian -ojas and Proto-Slavic *-ajь.

Added to verbs to derive agent nouns (like English -er).


-métrie

English: -metry

Borrowed from Latin -metria, from Ancient Greek -μετρία (-metría), from μέτρον (métron, “measurement”) + -ια (-ia, “-y: forming abstract nouns”).


-sphère

From Late Latin sphēra, earlier Latin sphaera (“ball, globe, celestial sphere”), from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “ball, globe”), of unknown origin.


-pause

From Middle French pause, from Latin pausa, from Ancient Greek παῦσις (paûsis, “discontinuance”).

der

Indicative of a pause or discontinuance.


-nīca

Borrowed from Old East Slavic -ница (-nica) (as in words such as Russian больница (bolʹnica, “hospital”)). Doublet of -niece.

Added to nouns and adjectives to derive nouns of places and also some objects (usually "collections of" something), related to (e.g., useful for) the meaning of the original noun.


-isks

-isks (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
-iski (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
-iska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
-iskas (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
-isku (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
-iskus (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
-isku (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
-iskas (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
-iska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
-isku (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
-iskas (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
-isku (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
-iskam (dative indefinite masculine singular)
-iskiem (dative indefinite masculine plural)
-iskai (dative feminine indefinite singular)
-iskām (dative feminine indefinite plural)
-isku (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
-iskiem (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
-isku (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
-iskām (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
-iskā (indefinite locative masculine singular)
-iskos (indefinite locative masculine plural)
-iskā (feminine indefinite locative singular)
-iskās (feminine indefinite locative plural)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-iškas, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Lithuanian -iškas, Proto-Slavic *-ьskъ and Proto-Germanic *-iskaz. In foreign words it mostly represents German -isch. See -ish for more.

Added to nouns to derive adjectives with the meaning 'typical of' or 'characterized by' the original noun (like English -ic or -ical).


-enis

Added to nouns to form new nouns (in most cases the original nouns no longer exist in Latvian).


-iņš

Added to nouns to form masculine (-iņš) or feminine (-iņa) diminutive nouns.


-isms

Not a native Latvian suffix, -isms occurred in many borrowings and is now fully integrated. Ultimately from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós), like its English cognate -ism (see etymology of -ism).

Added to nouns to form masculine nouns denoting action/process, systems, philosophies, principles, doctrines, ideologies, syndromes, peculiarities, or class names in general, just like its English cognate -ism.

-ists

a follower of / a person characterized by -isms


-ists

Not a native Latvian suffix, -ists occurred in many borrowings and is now fully integrated. Ultimately from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs), like its English cognate -ist (see etymology of -ist).

Added to nouns to form masculine nouns denoting members/followers of a principle, religion, philosophy, lifestyle, or system of belief (usually named by words in -isms), or who has a certain profession or activity, just like its English cognate -ism.

-isms

the corresponding profession / activity / system of belief


-oïde

From Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form, likeness”).


-itāte

Ultimately from Latin -itatem, the accusative of -itas; found only in words borrowed from other languages (compare English -ity, German -ität, French -ité, Italian -ità, Spanish -idad, Portuguese -idade, Romanian -itate).

Usually added to foreign adjectives to form abstract nouns, like English -ity (sometimes with more concrete meanings: e.g., universitāte).


ie-

Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'in', 'into' (like German ein- or Russian в- (v-)). With color terms, it expresses a weakened, less clear hue: sarkans (“red”), iesarkans (“reddish, a little red”).


-troph

From Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).

Forming nouns denoting members of classes of organisms distinguished by trophic modes.


-ēns

-ēns (nominative singular)
-ēni (nominative plural)
-ēnu (accusative singular)
-ēnus (accusative plural)
-ēna (genitive singular)
-ēnu (genitive plural)
-ēnam (dative singular)
-ēniem (dative plural)
-ēnu (instrumental singular)
-ēniem (instrumental plural)
-ēnā (locative singular)
-ēnos (locative plural)
-ēn (singular vocative)
-ēni (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas.

inh+

Nītaure + -ēns → nītaurēns

Rauna + -ēns → raunēns

Forms names of the inhabitants of the place names


neifri-

From Ancient Greek νεφρός (nephrós, “kidney”).

der

(medicine) nephro-, nephric, of or relating to kidneys


panca-

From panca, from Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.

Coordinate term: lima


-ītis

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-īt-jas. Cognates include Lithuanian -ytis and Proto-Slavic *-iťь.

inh+

Added to nouns to form diminutives. The masculine (-ītis) is added to masculine nouns, and the feminine (-īte) to feminine nouns.


-ietis

Added to nouns and adjectives to form masculine (-nieks) or feminine (-niece) nouns referring to people having the properties of the original noun, or living in the place designated by the original noun.


-éad

nominative (indefinite)
-éad (indefinite singular)
-éid (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a -éid (indefinite singular)
a -éada (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
-éid (indefinite singular)
-éad (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an -éad (definite singular)
na -éid (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an -éid (definite singular)
na -éad (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an -éad (definite singular)
don -éad (definite singular)
leis na -éid (definite plural)


abdomin-

Alternative form of abdomino- (before a vowel).


abdomino-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Latin abdomen, which see.

Near-synonym: coelo-

ventral

largely synonymous although sometimes coordinate in usage, under the bipedal/nonbipedal distinction


abdomino-

abdomin-; abdomino- (relating to the abdomen)


-podo

es-noun

-podo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -podos)

From Ancient Greek πούς (poús), ποδός (podós, “foot”).


-scopi

ca-noun

-scopi m (noun-forming suffix, plural -scopis)

Borrowed from Latin -scopium, from Ancient Greek σκοπέω (skopéō, “to look, look at, examine”).


nje-

Wón nježěła.

Wóna njejo how.


-licious

If you prefer your burgers hot and spicy, then add the jalapeño seeds to this veggie-licious wrap.

2011, Nancy Kennedy, The Hollywood Wrap: 100 Quick and Easy Meals to Fuel Your Workout, page 83:

It is packed with families dining under the live oaks at wooden picnic tables on food that is simply burgerlicious and better for dad's soul than nightly chicken

2009, Cam Rossie, Hilary Hylton, Insiders' Guide to Austin, page 100:

The best sellers, day to day, month to month, no matter the season, were apricot chicken tenders, sesame noodles, and pasta nests. Here are three pasta-licious nests, adapted for your home production kitchen.

2005, Rachael Ray, 365: No Repeats : a Year of Deliciously Different Dinners, page 241:

A catering business called Stranjahs advertises that they will provide ganjalicious goodies for private parties.

2001, Ed Rosenthal, The Big Book of Buds: Marijuana Varieties from the World's Great Seed Breeders, page 123:

And unlike his Davis, California homey DJ Shadow, who smothers tracks with avant-garde displays of turntable mastery, Mike isn't afraid to let his B-boy bouillabaisse coalesce into real bootylicious grooves that are more about moving the crowd than wowing elitist nerds who crowd around the DJ booth.

1998 September, Matt Diehl, Vibe, volume 6, numbers 6-8, page 302:

Used to form intensified adjectives indicating deliciousness, from nouns and adjectives.


opper-

From Middle Dutch opper-, upper-, comparative of op, up.


priekš-

Usually found on verbs and nouns with the meaning 'before', 'ahead of', 'preceding' (like German vor- or Russian пред- (pred-)).


peng-

Inherited from Malay peng-, from Proto-Malayic *pAŋ-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paŋ-, from Proto-Austronesian *paŋ-.

peng- + tulis → penulis (“writer”)

actor, instrument, or someone characterized by the root.

pem-

before initials of /b/, /p/, /v/ or /f/ will remove initial /p/ even before consonant clusters

pen-

before initials of /d/, and /t/, will remove initial /t/

peny-

before initials of /s/, will remove initial /s/

pe-

before initials of /l/, /m/, /n/, /ɲ/ ⟨ny⟩, /ŋ/ ⟨ng⟩, /r/, /w/ and /y/

peng- + diam (“silent”) → pendiam (“quiet (of person)”)


peng-

From Proto-Malayic *pAŋ-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paŋ-, from Proto-Austronesian *paŋ-. Compare Tagalog pang-.

peng- + selamat → penyelamat (“rescuer”)


ber-

base (verb)
base (noun)
base (adjective)
base (numeral)

Inherited from Malay ber-, from Classical Malay ber-, from Old Malay bar-, from earlier Old Malay mar-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maR-, from Proto-Austronesian *maʀ-. Cognate with Tagalog mag-, Cebuano mag-, Simalungun Batak mar-, Toba Batak mar-.

ber- + ubah (“to change”) → berubah (“to change (to become something different)”)

(intransitive) used to form dynamic verb of some transitive verbs

ber- + gembira (“happy”) → bergembira (“to be in happiness (to rejoice)”)

ber- + sedih (“sad”) → bersedih (“to be in sadness”)

(intransitive, stative) used to form stative verbs

bel- only used in the word ajar and unjur


ber-

Indonesian: ber-

North Moluccan Malay: ba-

bel- only used in the words ajar and unjur


kau-

From kau, shortened form of engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.

Siapa yang kautanya?

Alternative form of kau when used in the passive voice.

kau-

informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger


mu-

ming- (perfect)
mi- (perfect)
ni- (perfect)


mu-

From Old Tupi mo-, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *mo-, from Proto-Tupian *mo-.


meng-

From Proto-Malayic *mAN-, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *maN-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maN-.

meng- + rumput (“grass”) → merumput (“to cut grass”)

Agent focus or active voice marker of a verb.

Throwing away, searching for, or collecting something.


-kan

From Proto-Malayic *-kən, shortened form of Proto-Malayic *akən. Related to akan (“will (future tense auxiliary)”).

Sebagai pemimpin, Raja Bayan menyampaikan idenya kepada bayan-bayan yang lain.

1371 CE [c. 1296–1316 CE], Kadi Hasan, Hikayat Bayan Budiman (fiction), translation of Tutinama by Ziya' al-Din Nakhshabi (in Persian); transcribed from Jawi script into the Latin alphabet Ekawati Ekawati, Doni Setiyawan, editors, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, 2016, →ISBN:

Like a leader, King Parrot told his plan to the other parrots.

(before an object) Used to form transitive verbs


-siz

-sız (back-vowel-harmony unrounded-harmony)
-siz (front-vowel-harmony unrounded-harmony)
-suz (back-vowel-harmony rounded-harmony)
-süz (front-vowel-harmony rounded-harmony)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـسز (-siz), from Proto-Turkic *-siŕ (“-less”).

inh+

siz bensiz gitmiyorsunuzdur inşallah..

y'all are surely not going without me right?

without (with nouns, pronouns, never verbs)


-mantia

-mantia (nominative singular)
-mantiat (nominative plural)
-mantia (accusative nominative singular)
-mantiat (accusative nominative plural)
-mantian (accusative genitive singular)
-mantiat (accusative genitive plural)
-mantian (genitive singular)
-mantioiden (genitive plural)
-mantioitten (genitive plural)
-mantiain (genitive plural rare)
-mantiaa (partitive singular)
-mantioita (partitive plural)
-mantiassa (inessive singular)
-mantioissa (inessive plural)
-mantiasta (elative singular)
-mantioista (elative plural)
-mantiaan (illative singular)
-mantioihin (illative plural)
-mantialla (adessive singular)
-mantioilla (adessive plural)
-mantialta (ablative singular)
-mantioilta (ablative plural)
-mantialle (allative singular)
-mantioille (allative plural)
-mantiana (essive singular)
-mantioina (essive plural)
-mantiaksi (singular translative)
-mantioiksi (plural translative)
-mantiatta (abessive singular)
-mantioitta (abessive plural)
-mantioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-mantiani (nominative singular)
-mantiani (nominative plural)
-mantiani (accusative nominative singular)
-mantiani (accusative nominative plural)
-mantiani (accusative genitive singular)
-mantiani (accusative genitive plural)
-mantiani (genitive singular)
-mantioideni (genitive plural)
-mantioitteni (genitive plural)
-mantiaini (genitive plural rare)
-mantiaani (partitive singular)
-mantioitani (partitive plural)
-mantiassani (inessive singular)
-mantioissani (inessive plural)
-mantiastani (elative singular)
-mantioistani (elative plural)
-mantiaani (illative singular)
-mantioihini (illative plural)
-mantiallani (adessive singular)
-mantioillani (adessive plural)
-mantialtani (ablative singular)
-mantioiltani (ablative plural)
-mantialleni (allative singular)
-mantioilleni (allative plural)
-mantianani (essive singular)
-mantioinani (essive plural)
-mantiakseni (singular translative)
-mantioikseni (plural translative)
-mantiattani (abessive singular)
-mantioittani (abessive plural)
-mantioineni (comitative plural)
-mantiasi (nominative singular)
-mantiasi (nominative plural)
-mantiasi (accusative nominative singular)
-mantiasi (accusative nominative plural)
-mantiasi (accusative genitive singular)
-mantiasi (accusative genitive plural)
-mantiasi (genitive singular)
-mantioidesi (genitive plural)
-mantioittesi (genitive plural)
-mantiaisi (genitive plural rare)
-mantiaasi (partitive singular)
-mantioitasi (partitive plural)
-mantiassasi (inessive singular)
-mantioissasi (inessive plural)
-mantiastasi (elative singular)
-mantioistasi (elative plural)
-mantiaasi (illative singular)
-mantioihisi (illative plural)
-mantiallasi (adessive singular)
-mantioillasi (adessive plural)
-mantialtasi (ablative singular)
-mantioiltasi (ablative plural)
-mantiallesi (allative singular)
-mantioillesi (allative plural)
-mantianasi (essive singular)
-mantioinasi (essive plural)
-mantiaksesi (singular translative)
-mantioiksesi (plural translative)
-mantiattasi (abessive singular)
-mantioittasi (abessive plural)
-mantioinesi (comitative plural)
-mantiamme (nominative singular)
-mantiamme (nominative plural)
-mantiamme (accusative nominative singular)
-mantiamme (accusative nominative plural)
-mantiamme (accusative genitive singular)
-mantiamme (accusative genitive plural)
-mantiamme (genitive singular)
-mantioidemme (genitive plural)
-mantioittemme (genitive plural)
-mantiaimme (genitive plural rare)
-mantiaamme (partitive singular)
-mantioitamme (partitive plural)
-mantiassamme (inessive singular)
-mantioissamme (inessive plural)
-mantiastamme (elative singular)
-mantioistamme (elative plural)
-mantiaamme (illative singular)
-mantioihimme (illative plural)
-mantiallamme (adessive singular)
-mantioillamme (adessive plural)
-mantialtamme (ablative singular)
-mantioiltamme (ablative plural)
-mantiallemme (allative singular)
-mantioillemme (allative plural)
-mantianamme (essive singular)
-mantioinamme (essive plural)
-mantiaksemme (singular translative)
-mantioiksemme (plural translative)
-mantiattamme (abessive singular)
-mantioittamme (abessive plural)
-mantioinemme (comitative plural)
-mantianne (nominative singular)
-mantianne (nominative plural)
-mantianne (accusative nominative singular)
-mantianne (accusative nominative plural)
-mantianne (accusative genitive singular)
-mantianne (accusative genitive plural)
-mantianne (genitive singular)
-mantioidenne (genitive plural)
-mantioittenne (genitive plural)
-mantiainne (genitive plural rare)
-mantiaanne (partitive singular)
-mantioitanne (partitive plural)
-mantiassanne (inessive singular)
-mantioissanne (inessive plural)
-mantiastanne (elative singular)
-mantioistanne (elative plural)
-mantiaanne (illative singular)
-mantioihinne (illative plural)
-mantiallanne (adessive singular)
-mantioillanne (adessive plural)
-mantialtanne (ablative singular)
-mantioiltanne (ablative plural)
-mantiallenne (allative singular)
-mantioillenne (allative plural)
-mantiananne (essive singular)
-mantioinanne (essive plural)
-mantiaksenne (singular translative)
-mantioiksenne (plural translative)
-mantiattanne (abessive singular)
-mantioittanne (abessive plural)
-mantioinenne (comitative plural)
-mantiansa (nominative singular)
-mantiansa (nominative plural)
-mantiansa (accusative nominative singular)
-mantiansa (accusative nominative plural)
-mantiansa (accusative genitive singular)
-mantiansa (accusative genitive plural)
-mantiansa (genitive singular)
-mantioidensa (genitive plural)
-mantioittensa (genitive plural)
-mantiainsa (genitive plural rare)
-mantiaansa (partitive singular)
-mantioitaan (partitive plural)
-mantioitansa (partitive plural)
-mantiassaan (inessive singular)
-mantiassansa (inessive singular)
-mantioissaan (inessive plural)
-mantioissansa (inessive plural)
-mantiastaan (elative singular)
-mantiastansa (elative singular)
-mantioistaan (elative plural)
-mantioistansa (elative plural)
-mantiaansa (illative singular)
-mantioihinsa (illative plural)
-mantiallaan (adessive singular)
-mantiallansa (adessive singular)
-mantioillaan (adessive plural)
-mantioillansa (adessive plural)
-mantialtaan (ablative singular)
-mantialtansa (ablative singular)
-mantioiltaan (ablative plural)
-mantioiltansa (ablative plural)
-mantialleen (allative singular)
-mantiallensa (allative singular)
-mantioilleen (allative plural)
-mantioillensa (allative plural)
-mantianaan (essive singular)
-mantianansa (essive singular)
-mantioinaan (essive plural)
-mantioinansa (essive plural)
-mantiakseen (singular translative)
-mantiaksensa (singular translative)
-mantioikseen (plural translative)
-mantioiksensa (plural translative)
-mantiattaan (abessive singular)
-mantiattansa (abessive singular)
-mantioittaan (abessive plural)
-mantioittansa (abessive plural)
-mantioineen (comitative plural)
-mantioinensa (comitative plural)

From Ancient Greek μαντεία (manteía, “divination”).


-verdächtig

/fɛɐ̯ˈdɛçtɪç/

/fɛɐ̯ˈdɛçtɪk/

Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of "a person or thing can expect to get the thing described the noun".

Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of "the thing described the noun can be expected from a person or thing".


miss-

From Middle High German mis-, misse-, from Old High German missa-, from Proto-Germanic *missa- (“wrongly, badly”).

inh

Misserfolg, missverständlich, missachten

Same functions and meanings as the English prefix mis-; a nominal, adjectival and inseparable verbal prefix that negates the meaning or expresses the opposite of its stem or indicates that something isn't being done correctly or isn't correct or good.


-eklis

Added to verbs to form object nouns, referring to an object involved in the activity described by original term.


ódónta-

From Ancient Greek ὀδούς, ὀδόντος (odoús, odóntos, “tooth”).

der

ὀδούς, ὀδόντος


-lyse

-lyse (indefinite nominative singular)
-lysen (definite nominative singular)
-lyser (indefinite nominative plural)
-lyserne (definite nominative plural)
-lyses (genitive indefinite singular)
-lysens (definite genitive singular)
-lysers (genitive indefinite plural)
-lysernes (definite genitive plural)


hémato-

Representing the combining form of Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma, “blood”).


-onis

Added to verbs, sometimes to nouns, to form new nouns.


paléo-

From Ancient Greek παλαιός (palaiós, “old”).


-plastie

→ Persian: ـپلاستی (-plâsti)

→ Turkish: -plasti

From Ancient Greek πλαστός (plastós, “molded, formed”).


ke- -an

Inherited from Malay ke- -an, from Proto-Malayic *kə- -an, from Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an. Semantic loan from Javanese ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han) for sense of too [base] or exceed.

sl

kebaratan

ketimuran

kebesaran

kehausan

-ness; appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of (the adjective)", "the quality of (the adjective)", or "the measure of (the adjective)"

kepemimpinan

-ship; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a property or state of being, time spent in a role, or a specialised union.


ke- -an

Indonesian: ke- -an

From Proto-Malayic *kə- -an, from Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an.

pimpin (“to lead”) + ke- -an → kepimpinan (“leadership”)


-ilingaz

-ilingaz (nominative singular)
-ilingōz (nominative plural)
-ilingōs (nominative plural)
-iling (singular vocative)
-ilingōz (plural vocative)
-ilingōs (plural vocative)
-ilingą (accusative singular)
-ilinganz (accusative plural)
-ilingas (genitive singular)
-ilingis (genitive singular)
-ilingǫ̂ (genitive plural)
-ilingai (dative singular)
-ilingamaz (dative plural)
-ilingō (instrumental singular)
-ilingamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *-ling
Old English: -ling
Middle English: -ling, -linge, -lingge, -lyng, -lynge
English: -ling
Scots: -ling, -lin
Old Frisian: -ling
Saterland Frisian: -ling
West Frisian: -ling
Old Saxon: -ling
Middle Low German: -linc, -link
German Low German: -ling
Old Dutch: -ling
Middle Dutch: -ling
Dutch: -ling
Old High German: -ling
Middle High German: -linc
German: -ling
→ Vulgar Latin: *-lingus
Old French: -lein, -lain, -llan, -layn, -lenc, -leyn
Middle French: -llan
French: -llan
→ Italian: -llano
→ Spanish: -lán
→ English: -lain
Old Italian: -lingo
Italian: -lengo
Old Occitan: -leng
Catalan: -lenc
Spanish: -lengo

Old Norse: -lingr

Icelandic: -lingur

Faroese: -lingur

Swedish: -ling

Gothic: -𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃 (-liggs)

Forms noun-derivatives with sense of 'belonging to, coming from, descending from', often with a diminutive force.


-tard

The left-right parallels are obvious, too, in the puerile nicknames used by radio hosts and in the comment threads of blogs and articles, whether for each other (libtards, dumbocrats, repugnicans, repukes), for public figures (Dumbya, Slick Willie, Shillary, Michael Moron), or for the media themselves (lamestream media, "Faux News").

2012, Geoffrey Nunberg, Ascent of the A-word: Assholism, the First Sixty Years, page 188:

' Shittard bollocking fuckcunts!' Harry Tattershall is a magnificent and venomous swearer: doing things with words that other people would require a snooker ball and a football sock to achieve.

ʺOK, not that. No diddling the dumbtard.ʺ He paused. ʺWouldnʹt blame you if you were, though. Sheʹs kinda dishy.ʺ

2014, Michaelbrent Collings, This Darkness Light, page 249:

(slang, derogatory) Used to form words conveying an attitude of contempt or doubt over the subject's intelligence.


-pela

added to adjectives to mark that the adjective is modifying or counting a noun


antho-

From Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).

(botany) Forms words relating to flowers


-ele

From Old Frisian -lia, from Proto-West Germanic *-lōn, from Proto-Germanic *-lōną. Cognates include Dutch -elen and German -eln.


-iens

-iēns (canonical)
-iēns (feminine masculine neuter nominative singular)
-ientēs (feminine masculine nominative singular)
-ientia (neuter nominative plural)
-ientis (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
-ientium (feminine genitive masculine neuter)
-ientī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-ientibus (dative feminine masculine neuter)
-ientem (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-iēns (accusative neuter singular)
-ientēs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-ientīs (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-ientia (accusative neuter plural)
-iente (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-ientī (ablative feminine masculine neuter singular)
-ientibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
-iēns (feminine masculine neuter singular vocative)
-ientēs (feminine masculine singular vocative)
-ientia (neuter plural vocative)

Rebracketing of forms such as audiēns (stem audī- + thematic vowel -e- + suffix -ns) or capiēns (stem capi- + thematic vowel -e- + -ns).

ending of the present active participle of fourth conjugation verbs; see -ns


-iens

added to verbs (or sometimes to adjectives and a few verbs) to form patient/object nouns


aiz-

Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'under', 'toward' or 'away,' or also 'closed' (like Russian за- (za-) or по- (po-)).


ni-

& future mo- (infinitive)
mu- (infinitive)

Nikaon ko.


ni-

ni- + bijaaʼ (“one's ear”) → nijaaʼ (“your ear”)

Marks a noun as being have a second-person singular possessor

ni- + bikʼi (“upon him/her/it”) → nikʼi (“upon you”)

Marks a postposition as having a second-person singular object

ni- + yicha (“he/she is crying”) → nicha (“you're crying”)

Marks a verb as having a second-person singular subject


ni-

Marks a verb as belonging to the ni-imperfective paradigm, which contains verbs confined to the momentaneous aspect.


ni-

Marks a verb as belonging to the terminative subaspect.


ni-

Doublet of nid. From Old Norse níð, from Proto-Germanic *nīþą.

Used as an intensifier, especially in verbs


ni-

From earlier *niwi-, before a regular sound change in which non-word-initial *w was lost before fully unstressed *i. The same sound change occurred to ǣ (“law”) ← *ǣi ← *āwi, sǣ (“sea”) ← *sǣi ← *sāwi, and glī (“joy”) ← *gliwi. It must have also occurred to nīewe (“new”) in the nominative singular, producing *nī ← *niwi, but its *w was restored by analogy with its inflected forms, which had a following *j instead of *i.


ni-

igdje ili nigdje.

itko ili nitko.

ikad ili nikad.

Prefix prepended to pronouns to denote a negative meaning, synonymous with ne- (“no, not”).

Bio sam tu ali nisam bio tamo.

Prefix prepended to copula verb biti in present tense to denote a negative meaning, synonymous with ne- (“not”).


ni-

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ні- (ni-)

Russian: ни- (ni-)

Ukrainian: ні- (ni-)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ни- (ni-)

Bulgarian: ни́- (ní-)

Macedonian: ни- (ni-)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ни̏-

Latin script: nȉ-

Slovene: ni-

West Slavic:

Czech: ni-

Polish: ni-

Slovak: ni-

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ni-

Upper Sorbian: ni-

Negating prefix applied specifically on pronouns, most certainly of the same origin as Proto-Slavic *ni (“neither, not even”).


ni-

Proto-Georgian-Zan:

Old Georgian: ნი- (ni-)

q

see Proto-Georgian-Zan <i class="Latn mention" lang="ccs-gzn-pro">*niḳel-</i>

> Zan: *ni- (see Proto-Georgian-Zan *niḳel-)

Svan: ნი- (ni-)

word-forming prefix of uncertain function, now unproductive in daughter languages


sa-

Usually found on verbs or nouns, originally a generic meaning of 'togetherness', now sometimes only a marker of perfective aspect (compare Russian с- (s-), со- (so-)).


sa-

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.


sa-

sa- + puso (“heart”) → sapuso (“act of having put to heart”)

sa- + ilalim (“below”) → sailalim (“act of undergoing”)

sa- + malamig (“cold”) → samalamig (“cold beverage”)

sa- + inyo (“yours”) → sainyo (“act of signing off or used to close a letter; yours truly”)

sa- + makatuwid (“to be able to straighten”) → samakatwid (“therefore”)

sa- + makalawa (“twice”) → samakalawa (“day after tomorrow”)

sa- + una (“first”) → sauna (“of the old generation”)

forms terms to denote a method or means to a purpose


ڤنچاـ

From ڤنچا, from Sanskrit पञ्चन् (pañcan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.

Coordinate term: ليم (lima)


-կէն

Of Iranian origin, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *-ayHnah. The -կ- (-k-) is partly from -իկ (-ik) and partly from Iranian stems in -k-.


-ճան

From Iranian *-čan. Compare Parthian [script needed] (-cn /-čan/) in [script needed] (šʾdcn /šādčan/, “happy”), Sogdian [script needed] (-cn /-čan/, “inclined to; belonging to”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kan-, *čan- (“to love, take pleasure in”).

cog

գինեճան

տիրաճան


-ens

ágens (“agent”)

dekadens (“decadent”)

A distinguishable foreign word ending in nouns and adjectives. It is not an independent Hungarian suffix.


-ens

added to nouns to form new nouns; possibly simply a variant of -enis


-ens

From English -ence, from Middle English -ence, from Old French -ence, from Latin -entia.

valens


-āms

A variant of -ams; used to derive adjectival gerunds from verb stems (e.g., rakstīt (“to write”) -> rakstāms (“writing”).


-ła

From Middle High German -elīn, -līn, from Old High German -ilī, -ilīn. Cognate with German -lein.

Appended to nouns to create a diminutive form.


-մ

From Proto-Indo-European *-mo- suffix. Compare Ancient Greek θερ-μό-ς (ther-mó-s), corresponding to ջեր-մ (ǰer-m). See also թարմ (tʻarm).


-նի

Two possibilities exist: (1) from Proto-Indo-European *-eiyo- composite suffix, made of *-en(o)- + *-iyo- or its *-niyo- variant with a preceding -i vowel; (2) from the suffix -ուն (-un) + -ի (-i).


-շի

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *-iskhiyo-, made of *-iskh(o)- + *-iyo-.


-ոյ

From Proto-Indo-European *-es, *-os and partly perhaps from the genitive singular case ending -ոյ (-oy) (see Etymology 2).


-ոյկ

Probably from Iranian *-ōk (*-ava-ka-) suffix. Compare Iranian borrowings թակոյկ (tʻakoyk) and մակոյկ (makoyk).


-ոյն

From the genitive-dative ending -ոյ (-oy) + -ն (-n). Compare գիշերոյ (gišeroy) → գիշերոյն (gišeroyn).


-ոյք

From the genitive-dative ending -ոյ (-oy) + -ք (-kʻ).


pār-

usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'over', 'above', 'to the other side' (like Latin trans, German über- or Russian пере- (pere-))


-ǿnn

⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: -røn (from words like norðrǿnn)

used to create adjectives from the nouns denoting the four compass points


-rrhaphy

From Ancient Greek -ρραφία (-rrhaphía), from ῥάπτω (rháptō, “I sew”).


oseano-

[ˈo̞s̠e̞ˌɑ̝no̞-]


-uttaa

head

-uttaa (front vowel harmony variant -yttää, stem -utta-, linguistic notation -UttA- or -UttAA)

-yttää (front-vowel)
-utta- (stem)
-utan (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -uta (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -uttanut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -uttanut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-utat (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -uta (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -uttanut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -uttanut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-uttaa (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -uta (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -uttanut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -uttanut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-utamme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -uta (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -uttaneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -uttaneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-utatte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -uta (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -uttaneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -uttaneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-uttavat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -uta (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -uttaneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -uttaneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-utetaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -uteta (indicative negative passive present)
on -utettu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -utettu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-utin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -uttanut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -uttanut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -uttanut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-utit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -uttanut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -uttanut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -uttanut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-utti (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -uttanut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -uttanut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -uttanut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-utimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -uttaneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -uttaneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -uttaneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-utitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -uttaneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -uttaneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -uttaneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-uttivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -uttaneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -uttaneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -uttaneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-utettiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -utettu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -utettu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -utettu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-uttaisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -uttaisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -uttanut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -uttanut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-uttaisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -uttaisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -uttanut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -uttanut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-uttaisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -uttaisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -uttanut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -uttanut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-uttaisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -uttaisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -uttaneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -uttaneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-uttaisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -uttaisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -uttaneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -uttaneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-uttaisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -uttaisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -uttaneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -uttaneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-utettaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -utettaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -utettu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -utettu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-uta (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -uta (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-uttakoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -uttako (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -uttanut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -uttanut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-uttakaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -uttako (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-uttakaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -uttako (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-uttakoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -uttako (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -uttaneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -uttaneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-utettakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -utettako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -utettu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -utettu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-uttanen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -uttane (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -uttanut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -uttanut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-uttanet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -uttane (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -uttanut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -uttanut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-uttanee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -uttane (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -uttanut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -uttanut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-uttanemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -uttane (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -uttaneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -uttaneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-uttanette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -uttane (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -uttaneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -uttaneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-uttanevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -uttane (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -uttaneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -uttaneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-utettaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -utettane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -utettu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -utettu (negative passive perfect potential)
-uttaa (infinitive infinitive-i)
-uttava (active participle present)
-utettava (participle passive present)
-uttaakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-uttaaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-uttaaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-uttaaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-uttaakseen (possessive third-person)
-uttaaksensa (possessive third-person)
-uttanut (infinitive-i-long past)
-utettu (infinitive-i-long past)
-uttaessa (inessive second-person)
-utettaessa (inessive second-person)
-uttama (agent)
-uttaessani (first-person possessive singular)
-uttaessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-uttaessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-uttaessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-uttaessaan (possessive third-person)
-uttaessansa (possessive third-person)
-uttamaton (inessive negative second-person)
-uttaen (instructive second-person)
-uttamassa (inessive third-person)
-uttamasta (elative third-person)
-uttamaan (illative third-person)
-uttamalla (adessive third-person)
-uttamatta (abessive third-person)
-uttaman (instructive third-person)
-utettaman (instructive third-person)
-uttaminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-uttamaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-uttamaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-uttamaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-uttamaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-uttamaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-uttamaisillansa (possessive third-person)

-ua (passive suffix) + -ttaa (causative suffix), mostly by analogy. The denominal suffix may be partially from -uus, -us (suffix forming nouns from adjectives, stem -(u)ut(e)) + -taa, but is likely just transferred from the deverbal suffix.

suffix

nopea (“fast”) + -uttaa → nopeuttaa (“to speed up (transitive)”)

factitive
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Factitive

(denominal) Forms factitive verbs from nominals.


-uttaa

-utan (first-person positive present singular)
en -uta (first-person negative present singular)
oon -uttant (first-person perfect positive singular)
oon -uttanut (first-person perfect positive singular)
en oo -uttant (first-person negative perfect singular)
en oo -uttanut (first-person negative perfect singular)
-utat (positive present second-person singular)
et -uta (negative present second-person singular)
oot -uttant (perfect positive second-person singular)
oot -uttanut (perfect positive second-person singular)
et oo -uttant (negative perfect second-person singular)
et oo -uttanut (negative perfect second-person singular)
-uttaa (positive present singular third-person)
ei -uta (negative present singular third-person)
ono -uttant (perfect positive singular third-person)
ono -uttanut (perfect positive singular third-person)
ei oo -uttant (negative perfect singular third-person)
ei oo -uttanut (negative perfect singular third-person)
-utamma (first-person plural positive present)
emmä -uta (first-person negative plural present)
oomma -uttanneet (first-person perfect plural positive)
emmä oo -uttanneet (first-person negative perfect plural)
-utatta (plural positive present second-person)
että -uta (negative plural present second-person)
ootta -uttanneet (perfect plural positive second-person)
että oo -uttanneet (negative perfect plural second-person)
-uttaat (plural positive present third-person)
-uttavat (plural positive present third-person)
-utettaa (plural positive present third-person)
evät -uta (negative plural present third-person)
ei -uteta (negative plural present third-person)
ovat -uttanneet (perfect plural positive third-person)
evät oo -uttanneet (negative perfect plural third-person)
ei oo -utettu (negative perfect plural third-person)
-utettaa (impersonal positive present)
ei -uteta (impersonal negative present)
ono -utettu (impersonal perfect positive)
ei oo -utettu (impersonal negative perfect)
-utin (first-person imperfect positive singular)
en -uttant (first-person imperfect negative singular)
en -uttanut (first-person imperfect negative singular)
olin -uttant (first-person pluperfect positive singular)
olin -uttanut (first-person pluperfect positive singular)
en olt -uttant (first-person negative pluperfect singular)
en olt -uttanut (first-person negative pluperfect singular)
-utit (imperfect positive second-person singular)
et -uttant (imperfect negative second-person singular)
et -uttanut (imperfect negative second-person singular)
olit -uttant (pluperfect positive second-person singular)
olit -uttanut (pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et olt -uttant (negative pluperfect second-person singular)
et olt -uttanut (negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-utti (imperfect positive singular third-person)
ei -uttant (imperfect negative singular third-person)
ei -uttanut (imperfect negative singular third-person)
oli -uttant (pluperfect positive singular third-person)
oli -uttanut (pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei olt -uttant (negative pluperfect singular third-person)
ei olt -uttanut (negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-utimma (first-person imperfect plural positive)
emmä -uttanneet (first-person imperfect negative plural)
olimma -uttanneet (first-person pluperfect plural positive)
emmä olleet -uttanneet (first-person negative pluperfect plural)
-utitta (imperfect plural positive second-person)
että -uttanneet (imperfect negative plural second-person)
olitta -uttanneet (pluperfect plural positive second-person)
että olleet -uttanneet (negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-uttiit (imperfect plural positive third-person)
-uttivat (imperfect plural positive third-person)
-utettii (imperfect plural positive third-person)
evät -uttanneet (imperfect negative plural third-person)
ei -utettu (imperfect negative plural third-person)
olivat -uttanneet (pluperfect plural positive third-person)
evät olleet -uttanneet (negative pluperfect plural third-person)
ei olt -utettu (negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-utettii (imperfect impersonal positive)
ei -utettu (imperfect impersonal negative)
oli -utettu (impersonal pluperfect positive)
ei olt -utettu (impersonal negative pluperfect)
-uttaisin (first-person positive present singular)
en -uttais (first-person negative present singular)
olisin -uttant (first-person perfect positive singular)
olisin -uttanut (first-person perfect positive singular)
en olis -uttant (first-person negative perfect singular)
en olis -uttanut (first-person negative perfect singular)
-uttaisit (positive present second-person singular)
-uttaist (positive present second-person singular)
et -uttais (negative present second-person singular)
olisit -uttant (perfect positive second-person singular)
olisit -uttanut (perfect positive second-person singular)
et olis -uttant (negative perfect second-person singular)
et olis -uttanut (negative perfect second-person singular)
-uttais (positive present singular third-person)
ei -uttais (negative present singular third-person)
olis -uttant (perfect positive singular third-person)
olis -uttanut (perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olis -uttant (negative perfect singular third-person)
ei olis -uttanut (negative perfect singular third-person)
-uttaisimma (first-person plural positive present)
emmä -uttais (first-person negative plural present)
olisimma -uttanneet (first-person perfect plural positive)
emmä olis -uttanneet (first-person negative perfect plural)
-uttaisitta (plural positive present second-person)
että -uttais (negative plural present second-person)
olisitta -uttanneet (perfect plural positive second-person)
että olis -uttanneet (negative perfect plural second-person)
-uttaisiit (plural positive present third-person)
-uttaisivat (plural positive present third-person)
-utettais (plural positive present third-person)
evät -uttais (negative plural present third-person)
ei -utettais (negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -uttanneet (perfect plural positive third-person)
evät olis -uttanneet (negative perfect plural third-person)
ei olis -utettu (negative perfect plural third-person)
-utettais (impersonal positive present)
ei -utettais (impersonal negative present)
olis -utettu (impersonal perfect positive)
ei olis -utettu (impersonal negative perfect)
-uta (positive present second-person singular)
elä -uta (negative present second-person singular)
oo -uttant (perfect positive second-person singular)
oo -uttanut (perfect positive second-person singular)
elä oo -uttant (negative perfect second-person singular)
elä oo -uttanut (negative perfect second-person singular)
-uttakkoo (positive present singular third-person)
elköö -uttako (negative present singular third-person)
olkoo -uttant (perfect positive singular third-person)
olkoo -uttanut (perfect positive singular third-person)
elköö olko -uttant (negative perfect singular third-person)
elköö olko -uttanut (negative perfect singular third-person)
-uttakkaa (plural positive present second-person)
elkää -uttako (negative plural present second-person)
olkaa -uttanneet (perfect plural positive second-person)
elkää olko -uttanneet (negative perfect plural second-person)
-uttakkoot (plural positive present third-person)
elkööt -uttako (negative plural present third-person)
elköö -utettako (negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -uttanneet (perfect plural positive third-person)
elkööt olko -uttanneet (negative perfect plural third-person)
elköö olko -utettu (negative perfect plural third-person)
-utettakoo (impersonal positive present)
elköö -utettako (impersonal negative present)
olkoo -utettu (impersonal perfect positive)
elköö olko -utettu (impersonal negative perfect)
-uttanen (first-person positive present singular)
en -uttane (first-person negative present singular)
-uttanet (positive present second-person singular)
et -uttane (negative present second-person singular)
-uttannoo (positive present singular third-person)
ei -uttane (negative present singular third-person)
-uttanemma (first-person plural positive present)
emmä -uttane (first-person negative plural present)
-uttanetta (plural positive present second-person)
että -uttane (negative plural present second-person)
-uttannoot (plural positive present third-person)
evät -uttane (negative plural present third-person)
ei -utettane (negative plural present third-person)
-utettanoo (impersonal positive present)
ei -utettane (impersonal negative present)
-uttaa (infinitive infinitive-i)
-uttava (active participle present)
-utettava (participle passive present)
-uttaes (inessive infinitive infinitive-ii)
-uttant (active participle past)
-uttanut (active participle past)
-utettu (participle passive past)
-uttaen (infinitive infinitive-ii instructive)
-uttammaa (illative infinitive infinitive-iii)
-uttamas (inessive infinitive infinitive-iii)
-uttamast (elative infinitive infinitive-iii)
-uttamata (abessive infinitive infinitive-iii)
-uttamiin (infinitive infinitive-iv nominative)
-uttamista (infinitive infinitive-iv partitive)
-uttamist (infinitive infinitive-iv partitive)

From -ua + -ttaa. Akin to Finnish -uttaa.

muistaa (“to remember”) + -uttaa → muissuttaa (“to remind”)

Used to form causative verbs from other verbs.


-ովին

From -ով (-ov), which coincides with the ending of instrumental, + -ին (-in) suffix. Alternatively, -ին (-in) may reflect the -i- in Proto-Indo-European *-bʰi followed by a demonstrative element from Proto-Indo-European *-nós > -ն (-n). Compare -եւին (-ewin).


-ուլ

Probably from the Proto-Indo-European *-lós suffix, with a preceding -u- vowel.


umbi-

From Proto-West Germanic *umbi (“around”). Akin to Old English ymb-, ymbe- (“around, about”).

umbilōkon "to look, to consider"


dus-

(perhaps) Armenian:

Old Armenian: տ- (t-)

Balto-Slavic:

desc

⇒ Proto-Slavic: *dъždžь (“rainstorm, rain”) (< *dus-dyu- (“bad sky”), from *dyu- (“sky, day”))

Proto-Celtic: *dus- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *tuz- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *dus- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *duš- (see there for further descendants)

(perhaps) Italic:

Latin: dis-

Possibly from *dews- (“lack”). De Vaan instead suggests a derivation from the root of *dwóh₁ (“two”) with sense development from "into two" > "apart" > "bad".


nyah-

Nyahpecut


su-

Derives perfective verbs, with meanings of:

jointness, local cooccurence (cf. English co-)


-uve

Added to verbs to derive nouns of places characterized by the action described by the meaning of the original verb.


-ուտ

կաղնի (kaġni, “oak”) + -ուտ (-ut) → կաղնուտ (kaġnut, “oakwood, oak grove”)

forming names of places abounding in or populated with a certain plant


-ուտ

Armenian: -ուտ (-ut)

Two possibilities exist. May be a variant of -ոտ (-ot), derived from *հուտ (*hut), an alternative form of հոտ (hot). Alternatively, from supposed Proto-Indo-European *-ōd-ēs with Ancient Greek -ώδης (-ṓdēs) as a cognate; compare ἀμαθώδης (amathṓdēs, “sandy”) from ἄμαθος (ámathos, “sand”).


-ուր

From the Proto-Indo-European *-ro- suffix with a preceding -u- vowel, which is either analogical or derives from -ō-. See also -ար (-ar).


-ուցք

head

-ուցք • (-ucʻkʻ)

xcl-suffix

-ուցք • (-ucʻkʻ)


-ուք

Armenian: -ուք (-ukʻ)


-ոք

From the stem vowel -o- + Proto-Indo-European *-k(o)- suffix. Compare -աք (-akʻ).


-չեայ

head

-չեայ • (-čʻeay)

xcl-suffix

-չեայ • (-čʻeay)


-տի

The origin is uncertain. Perhaps from -ուտ (-ut) + -ի (-i).

forming collective nouns, such as մանկտի (mankti)


-ոյց

unk

unknown

an inflectional morpheme taking part in the formation of causative verbs: see -ուցան- (-ucʻan-)


-tori

ca-noun

-tori m (noun-forming suffix, plural -toris)

observar (“to observe”) + -tori → observatori (“observatory”)

conservar (“to conserve”) + -tori → conservatori (“conservatory, music school”)

forms nouns, usually from verbs; tends to indicate a place where the action of the verb occurs