-tua

-tua (front vowel harmony variant -tyä, stem -tu-, linguistic notation -tU- or -tUA)

-tyä (front-vowel)
-tu- (stem)
-dun (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -du (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -tunut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -tunut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-dut (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -du (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -tunut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -tunut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-tuu (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -du (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -tunut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -tunut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-dumme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -du (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -tuneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -tuneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-dutte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -du (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -tuneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -tuneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-tuvat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -du (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -tuneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -tuneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-dutaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -duta (indicative negative passive present)
on -duttu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -duttu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-duin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -tunut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -tunut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -tunut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-duit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -tunut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -tunut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -tunut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-tui (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -tunut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -tunut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -tunut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-duimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -tuneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -tuneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -tuneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-duitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -tuneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -tuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -tuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-tuivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -tuneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -tuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -tuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-duttiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -duttu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -duttu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -duttu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-tuisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -tuisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -tunut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -tunut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-tuisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -tuisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -tunut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -tunut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-tuisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -tuisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -tunut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -tunut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-tuisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -tuisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -tuneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -tuneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-tuisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -tuisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -tuneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -tuneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-tuisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -tuisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -tuneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -tuneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-duttaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -duttaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -duttu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -duttu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-du (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -du (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-tukoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -tuko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -tunut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -tunut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-tukaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -tuko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-tukaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -tuko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-tukoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -tuko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -tuneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -tuneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-duttakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -duttako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -duttu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -duttu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-tunen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -tune (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -tunut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -tunut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-tunet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -tune (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -tunut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -tunut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-tunee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -tune (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -tunut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -tunut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-tunemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -tune (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -tuneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -tuneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-tunette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -tune (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -tuneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -tuneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-tunevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -tune (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -tuneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -tuneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-duttaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -duttane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -duttu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -duttu (negative passive perfect potential)
-tua (infinitive infinitive-i)
-tuva (active participle present)
-duttava (participle passive present)
-tuakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-tuaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-tuaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-tuaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-tuakseen (possessive third-person)
-tuaksensa (possessive third-person)
-tunut (infinitive-i-long past)
-duttu (infinitive-i-long past)
-tuessa (inessive second-person)
-duttaessa (inessive second-person)
-tuma (agent)
-tuessani (first-person possessive singular)
-tuessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-tuessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-tuessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-tuessaan (possessive third-person)
-tuessansa (possessive third-person)
-tumaton (inessive negative second-person)
-tuen (instructive second-person)
-tumassa (inessive third-person)
-tumasta (elative third-person)
-tumaan (illative third-person)
-tumalla (adessive third-person)
-tumatta (abessive third-person)
-tuman (instructive third-person)
-duttaman (instructive third-person)
-tuminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-tumaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-tumaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-tumaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-tumaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-tumaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-tumaisillansa (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Finnic *-tudak, equivalent to -taa + -ua. Cognates include Estonian -tuma.

Forms passive or translative intransitive verbs from transitive verbs.


-πετής

-petḗs (romanization)
-πετές (neuter)
-πετής (feminine masculine nominative singular)
-πετές (neuter nominative singular)
-πετεῖ (dual feminine masculine nominative)
-πετεῖ (dual neuter nominative)
-πετεῖς (feminine masculine nominative plural)
-πετῆ (neuter nominative plural)
-πετοῦς (feminine genitive masculine singular)
-πετοῦς (genitive neuter singular)
-πετοῖν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
-πετοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
-πετῶν (feminine genitive masculine plural)
-πετῶν (genitive neuter plural)
-πετεῖ (dative feminine masculine singular)
-πετεῖ (dative neuter singular)
-πετοῖν (dative dual feminine masculine)
-πετοῖν (dative dual neuter)
-πετέσῐ (dative feminine masculine plural)
-πετέσῐν (dative feminine masculine plural)
-petésĭ (dative feminine masculine plural)
-petésĭn (dative feminine masculine plural)
-πετέσῐ (dative neuter plural)
-πετέσῐν (dative neuter plural)
-petésĭ (dative neuter plural)
-petésĭn (dative neuter plural)
-πετῆ (accusative feminine masculine singular)
-πετές (accusative neuter singular)
-πετεῖ (accusative dual feminine masculine)
-πετεῖ (accusative dual neuter)
-πετεῖς (accusative feminine masculine plural)
-πετῆ (accusative neuter plural)
-πετές (feminine masculine singular vocative)
-πετές (neuter singular vocative)
-πετεῖ (dual feminine masculine vocative)
-πετεῖ (dual neuter vocative)
-πετεῖς (feminine masculine plural vocative)
-πετῆ (neuter plural vocative)
-πετῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
-πετέστερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
-πετέστᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From πίπτω (píptō, “to fall”), from πέτομαι (pétomai, “to fly”) and from πετᾰ́ννῡμῐ (petắnnūmĭ, “to spread”), all from Proto-Indo-European *pet-; stem πετ- + -ής (-ḗs).

Forms adjectives: one who falls from, where, or in the way the first combining form denotes


-πετής

head

-πετής • (-petís) (feminine -πετής, neuter -πετές)

-petís (romanization)
-πετής (feminine)
-πετές (neuter)
-πετής (masculine nominative singular)
-πετής (feminine nominative singular)
-πετές (neuter nominative singular)
-πετείς (masculine nominative)
-πετείς (feminine nominative plural)
-πετή (neuter nominative plural)
-πετούς (genitive masculine singular)
-πετή (genitive masculine singular)
-πετούς (feminine genitive singular)
-πετούς (genitive neuter singular)
-πετών (genitive masculine)
-πετών (feminine genitive plural)
-πετών (genitive neuter plural)
-πετή (accusative masculine singular)
-πετή (accusative feminine singular)
-πετές (accusative neuter singular)
-πετείς (accusative masculine)
-πετείς (accusative feminine plural)
-πετή (accusative neuter plural)
-πετή (masculine singular vocative)
-πετής (masculine singular vocative)
-πετής (feminine singular vocative)
-πετές (neuter singular vocative)
-πετείς (masculine vocative)
-πετείς (feminine plural vocative)
-πετή (neuter plural vocative)

el-decl-adj

vocative masculine as in the accusative (rarely, in some grammars as in the nominative).
For Katharevousa, as in neuter nominative (cf. inflection in Ancient Greek).

el-decl-adj-positive

In ancient words suffixed with Ancient Greek -πετής (-petḗs).

γόνυ (góny, “knee”) + -πετής (-petís) → γονυπετής (gonypetís, “on bended knees”) from γονῠπετής

υψι- (ypsi-, “high”) + -πετής (-petís) → υψιπετής (ypsipetís, “of high aspirations”) from ὑψῐπετής

falling or flying at where the first combining form denotes; also used figuratively


-dumbre

es-noun

-dumbre f (noun-forming suffix, plural -dumbres)

From Old Spanish -dumne, from Vulgar Latin *-tūm(i)nem, from Latin -tūdinem (apparently via dissimilation/assimilation). Doublet of -itúdine and -itud.
Found in both words inherited from Latin (certidumbre, dulcedumbre, mansedumbre, muchedumbre, servidumbre, soledumbre) and words formed within Spanish (pesadumbre, podredumbre).

pesar (“to weigh”) + -dumbre → pesadumbre (“sorrow”)

podrido (“rotten”) + -dumbre → podredumbre (“rottenness”)

(no longer productive) forms nouns from adjectives: -itude, -ness


-ня

-nja (romanization)
-ня (nominative singular)
-ни (nominative plural)
-ни (genitive singular)
-ен (genitive plural)
-не (dative singular)
-ням (dative plural)
-ню (accusative animate singular)
-ен (accusative animate plural)
-ню (accusative inanimate singular)
-ни (accusative inanimate plural)
-ней (instrumental singular)
-нею (instrumental singular)
-нями (instrumental plural)
-не (prepositional singular)
-нях (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьňa, from *-ьnъ + *-ja.

ко́локол (kólokol, “bell”) + -ня (-nja) → колоко́льня (kolokólʹnja, “bell tower”)

печа́тать (pečátatʹ, “to print”) + -ня (-nja) → печа́тня (pečátnja, “printing house”)

ве́чер (véčer, “evening”) + -ня (-nja) → вече́рня (večérnja, “vespers”)

цирю́льник (cirjúlʹnik, “barber”) + -ня (-nja) → цирю́льня (cirjúlʹnja, “barbershop”)

дегтя́рь (degtjárʹ, “tar worker”) + -ня (-nja) → дегтя́рня (degtjárnja, “tar works, where tar is extracted”)

forms nouns denoting the place where an occupation or office is performed

(archaic) forms nouns denoting amassment

forms nouns denoting material objects taking their shape from a particular application on them

сто (sto, “hundred”) + -ня (-nja) → со́тня (sótnja, “a military unit of hundred”)

forms nouns denoting amassment
forms nouns for groups of people

двор (dvor, “homestead, court”) + -ня (-nja) → дво́рня (dvórnja, “servants”)


-ня

ня́ (canonical)
njá (romanization)
-ня́ (nominative singular)
-ни́ (nominative plural)
-ни́ (genitive singular)
-не́й (genitive plural)
-не́ (dative singular)
-ня́м (dative plural)
-ню́ (accusative animate singular)
-не́й (accusative animate plural)
-ню́ (accusative inanimate singular)
-ни́ (accusative inanimate plural)
-нёй (instrumental singular)
-нёю (instrumental singular)
-ня́ми (instrumental plural)
-не́ (prepositional singular)
-ня́х (plural prepositional)

ре́зать (rézatʹ, “to cut”) + -ня́ (-njá) → резня́ (reznjá, “massacre”)

шепта́ть (šeptátʹ, “to whisper”) + -ня́ (-njá) → шепотня́ (šepotnjá, “whispering”)

forms nouns denoting an over-repetitive action

лы́жа (lýža, “ski”) + -ня́ (-njá) → лыжня́ (lyžnjá, “ski trail”)

рука́ (ruká, “hand”) + -ня́ (-njá) → ручня́ (ručnjá, “sheaf, fistful”)

голова́ (golová, “head”) + -ня́ (-njá) → головня́ (golovnjá, “brand, piece of wood burnt till only the head is left”)

алка́ш (alkáš, “alkie”) + -ня́ (-njá) → алкашня́ (alkašnjá, “alkies”)

ребя́та (rebjáta, “children”) + -ня́ (-njá) → ребятня́ (rebjatnjá, “brats”)

(rude, derogatory) forms nouns for groups of people


-ёж

head

-ёж • (-jóž)

-jóž (romanization)
-ёж (nominative singular)
-ежи́ (nominative plural)
-ежа́ (genitive singular)
-еже́й (genitive plural)
-ежу́ (dative singular)
-ежа́м (dative plural)
-ёж (accusative singular)
-ежи́ (accusative plural)
-ежо́м (instrumental singular)
-ежа́ми (instrumental plural)
-еже́ (prepositional singular)
-ежа́х (plural prepositional)

гра́бить (grábitʹ, “to rob”) + -ёж (-jóž) → грабёж (grabjóž, “robbery”)

плати́ть (platítʹ, “to pay”) + -ёж (-jóž) → платёж (platjóž, “payment”)

галде́ть (galdétʹ, “to make a racket”) (colloquial) + -ёж (-jóž) → галдёж (galdjóž, “clatter, racket, din”) (colloquial)

мухл(ева́ть) (muxl(evátʹ), “to cheat (in games)”) (colloquial) + -ёж (-jóž) → мухлёж (muxljóž, “cheating (in games)”) (colloquial)

пизде́ть (pizdétʹ, “to lie, to bullshit”) (vulgar) + -ёж (-jóž) → пиздёж (pizdjóž, “bullshit”) (vulgar)

Suffix forming abstract nouns from verbs. Many such nouns are distinctly colloquial.


παλιο-

παλιο- (palio-) + παπούτσι (papoútsi, “shoe”) → παλιοπάπουτσο (paliopápoutso, “old shoe”)

παλιο- (palio-) + ρούχο (roúcho, “piece of clothing”) → παλιόρουχο (palióroucho, “old clothing”)

added before a noun to create words that indicate something is old:

παλιο- (palio-) + γέρος (géros, “old man”) → παλιόγερος (paliógeros, “old bastard”)

παλιο- (palio-) + καιρός (kairós, “weather”) → παλιόκαιρος (paliókairos, “awful weather”)

παλιο- (palio-) + δουλειά (douleiá, “job”) → παλιοδουλειά (paliodouleiá, “lousy job”)

(colloquial, derogatory) added before a noun to create words that indicate something is bad or bad quality:


παλι-

παλιο- παλιο-#Greek


παλιό-

παλιο- παλιο-#Greek


-ιστί

Greek: -ιστί (-istí)

Ἀττικός (Attikós) + -ιστί (-istí) → ἀττικιστί (attikistí, “in the Attic dialect”)

Δωριεύς (Dōrieús) + -ιστί (-istí) → δωριστί (dōristí, “in the Doric dialect”)

Λατῖνος (Latînos) + -ιστί (-istí) → λατῑνιστί (latīnistí, “in the Latin language, in Latin”)

Πέρσης (Pérsēs) + -ιστί (-istí) → περσιστί (persistí, “in the Persian language, in Persian”)

Appended to names of peoples to denote to speak in their language or dialect


-ιστί

From Ancient Greek -ιστί (-istí), from verb ending -ίζω (-ízo).

Έλληνας (Éllinas, “Greek”) + -ιστί (-istí) → ελληνιστί (ellinistí, “in Greek”)

Γάλλος (Gállos, “French”) + -ιστί (-istí) → γαλλιστί (gallistí, “in French”)

Λατίνος (Latínos, “Latin”) + -ιστί (-istí) → λατινιστί (latinistí, “in Latin”)

(formal, archaic, Katharevousa) added to a country adjective to make an adverb indicating use of that specific language:


-Vntua

-antua, -entua, -intua, -ontua, -untua, -äntyä, -entyä, -intyä, -öntyä, -yntyä (front vowel harmony variant -Vntyä, stem -Vntu-, linguistic notation -VntU- or -VntUA)

-antua (canonical)
-entua (canonical)
-intua (canonical)
-ontua (canonical)
-untua (canonical)
-äntyä (canonical)
-entyä (canonical)
-intyä (canonical)
-öntyä (canonical)
-yntyä (canonical)
-Vntyä (front-vowel)
-Vntu- (stem)

For the most part from earlier -untua, from -u- + -ntua. Partially perhaps also from -intua, the initial part of which could be related to -ta, and from extensions with -ka (*-ɣa-ntu-). Traditionally a western dialectal form; eastern dialects preferred -utua.

passive
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Passive

reflexive
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Reflexive

Forms passive, reflexive or translative intransitive verbs.


-stua

-stua (front vowel harmony variant -styä, stem -stu-, linguistic notation -stU- or -stUA)

-styä (front-vowel)
-stu- (stem)
-stun (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -stu (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -stunut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -stunut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-stut (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -stu (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -stunut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -stunut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-stuu (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -stu (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -stunut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -stunut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-stumme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -stu (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -stuneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -stuneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-stutte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -stu (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -stuneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -stuneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-stuvat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -stu (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -stuneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -stuneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-stutaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -stuta (indicative negative passive present)
on -stuttu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -stuttu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-stuin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -stunut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -stunut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -stunut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-stuit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -stunut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -stunut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -stunut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-stui (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -stunut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -stunut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -stunut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-stuimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -stuneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -stuneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -stuneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-stuitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -stuneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -stuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -stuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-stuivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -stuneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -stuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -stuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-stuttiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -stuttu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -stuttu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -stuttu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-stuisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -stuisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -stunut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -stunut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-stuisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -stuisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -stunut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -stunut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-stuisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -stuisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -stunut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -stunut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-stuisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -stuisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -stuneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -stuneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-stuisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -stuisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -stuneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -stuneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-stuisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -stuisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -stuneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -stuneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-stuttaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -stuttaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -stuttu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -stuttu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-stu (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -stu (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-stukoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -stuko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -stunut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -stunut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-stukaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -stuko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-stukaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -stuko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-stukoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -stuko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -stuneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -stuneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-stuttakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -stuttako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -stuttu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -stuttu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-stunen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -stune (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -stunut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -stunut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-stunet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -stune (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -stunut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -stunut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-stunee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -stune (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -stunut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -stunut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-stunemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -stune (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -stuneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -stuneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-stunette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -stune (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -stuneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -stuneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-stunevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -stune (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -stuneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -stuneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-stuttaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -stuttane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -stuttu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -stuttu (negative passive perfect potential)
-stua (infinitive infinitive-i)
-stuva (active participle present)
-stuttava (participle passive present)
-stuakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-stuaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-stuaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-stuaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-stuakseen (possessive third-person)
-stuaksensa (possessive third-person)
-stunut (infinitive-i-long past)
-stuttu (infinitive-i-long past)
-stuessa (inessive second-person)
-stuttaessa (inessive second-person)
-stuma (agent)
-stuessani (first-person possessive singular)
-stuessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-stuessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-stuessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-stuessaan (possessive third-person)
-stuessansa (possessive third-person)
-stumaton (inessive negative second-person)
-stuen (instructive second-person)
-stumassa (inessive third-person)
-stumasta (elative third-person)
-stumaan (illative third-person)
-stumalla (adessive third-person)
-stumatta (abessive third-person)
-stuman (instructive third-person)
-stuttaman (instructive third-person)
-stuminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-stumaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-stumaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-stumaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-stumaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-stumaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-stumaisillansa (possessive third-person)


aesthesio-

From Ancient Greek αἰσθητής (aisthētḗs, “one who perceives”).


-htua

head

-htua (front vowel harmony variant -htyä, stem -htu-, linguistic notation -htU- or -htUA)

-htyä (front-vowel)
-htu- (stem)
-hdun (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -hdu (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -htunut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -htunut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-hdut (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -hdu (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -htunut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -htunut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-htuu (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -hdu (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -htunut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -htunut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-hdumme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -hdu (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -htuneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -htuneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-hdutte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -hdu (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -htuneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -htuneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-htuvat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -hdu (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -htuneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -htuneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-hdutaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -hduta (indicative negative passive present)
on -hduttu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -hduttu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-hduin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -htunut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -htunut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -htunut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-hduit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -htunut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -htunut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -htunut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-htui (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -htunut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -htunut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -htunut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-hduimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -htuneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -htuneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -htuneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-hduitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -htuneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -htuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -htuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-htuivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -htuneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -htuneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -htuneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-hduttiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -hduttu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -hduttu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -hduttu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-htuisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -htuisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -htunut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -htunut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-htuisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -htuisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -htunut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -htunut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-htuisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -htuisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -htunut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -htunut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-htuisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -htuisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -htuneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -htuneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-htuisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -htuisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -htuneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -htuneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-htuisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -htuisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -htuneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -htuneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-hduttaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -hduttaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -hduttu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -hduttu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-hdu (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -hdu (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-htukoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -htuko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -htunut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -htunut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-htukaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -htuko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-htukaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -htuko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-htukoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -htuko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -htuneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -htuneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-hduttakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -hduttako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -hduttu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -hduttu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-htunen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -htune (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -htunut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -htunut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-htunet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -htune (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -htunut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -htunut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-htunee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -htune (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -htunut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -htunut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-htunemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -htune (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -htuneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -htuneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-htunette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -htune (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -htuneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -htuneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-htunevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -htune (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -htuneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -htuneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-hduttaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -hduttane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -hduttu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -hduttu (negative passive perfect potential)
-htua (infinitive infinitive-i)
-htuva (active participle present)
-hduttava (participle passive present)
-htuakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-htuaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-htuaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-htuaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-htuakseen (possessive third-person)
-htuaksensa (possessive third-person)
-htunut (infinitive-i-long past)
-hduttu (infinitive-i-long past)
-htuessa (inessive second-person)
-hduttaessa (inessive second-person)
-htuma (agent)
-htuessani (first-person possessive singular)
-htuessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-htuessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-htuessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-htuessaan (possessive third-person)
-htuessansa (possessive third-person)
-htumaton (inessive negative second-person)
-htuen (instructive second-person)
-htumassa (inessive third-person)
-htumasta (elative third-person)
-htumaan (illative third-person)
-htumalla (adessive third-person)
-htumatta (abessive third-person)
-htuman (instructive third-person)
-hduttaman (instructive third-person)
-htuminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-htumaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-htumaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-htumaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-htumaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-htumaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-htumaisillansa (possessive third-person)

-h- + -tua; the -h- is re-extracted from words ending in *-eh (modern -e < *-ëh).

Forms translative verbs, often emphasizing the quick nature of the change.


-htia

-htia (front vowel harmony variant -htiä, stem -hti-, linguistic notation -hti- or -htiA)

-htiä (front-vowel)
-hti- (stem)
-hdin (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -hdi (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -htinut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -htinut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-hdit (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -hdi (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -htinut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -htinut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-htii (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -hdi (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -htinut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -htinut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-hdimme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -hdi (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -htineet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -htineet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-hditte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -hdi (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -htineet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -htineet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-htivat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -hdi (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -htineet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -htineet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-hditaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -hdita (indicative negative passive present)
on -hdittu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -hdittu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-hdin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -htinut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -htinut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -htinut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-hdit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -htinut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -htinut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -htinut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-hti (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -htinut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -htinut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -htinut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-hdimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -htineet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -htineet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -htineet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-hditte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -htineet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -htineet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -htineet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-htivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -htineet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -htineet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -htineet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-hdittiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -hdittu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -hdittu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -hdittu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-htisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -htisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -htinut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -htinut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-htisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -htisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -htinut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -htinut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-htisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -htisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -htinut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -htinut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-htisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -htisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -htineet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -htineet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-htisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -htisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -htineet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -htineet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-htisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -htisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -htineet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -htineet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-hdittaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -hdittaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -hdittu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -hdittu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-hdi (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -hdi (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-htikoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -htiko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -htinut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -htinut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-htikaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -htiko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-htikaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -htiko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-htikoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -htiko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -htineet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -htineet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-hdittakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -hdittako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -hdittu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -hdittu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-htinen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -htine (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -htinut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -htinut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-htinet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -htine (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -htinut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -htinut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-htinee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -htine (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -htinut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -htinut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-htinemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -htine (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -htineet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -htineet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-htinette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -htine (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -htineet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -htineet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-htinevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -htine (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -htineet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -htineet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-hdittaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -hdittane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -hdittu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -hdittu (negative passive perfect potential)
-htia (infinitive infinitive-i)
-htiva (active participle present)
-hdittava (participle passive present)
-htiakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-htiaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-htiaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-htiaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-htiakseen (possessive third-person)
-htiaksensa (possessive third-person)
-htinut (infinitive-i-long past)
-hdittu (infinitive-i-long past)
-htiessa (inessive second-person)
-hdittaessa (inessive second-person)
-htima (agent)
-htiessani (first-person possessive singular)
-htiessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-htiessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-htiessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-htiessaan (possessive third-person)
-htiessansa (possessive third-person)
-htimaton (inessive negative second-person)
-htien (instructive second-person)
-htimassa (inessive third-person)
-htimasta (elative third-person)
-htimaan (illative third-person)
-htimalla (adessive third-person)
-htimatta (abessive third-person)
-htiman (instructive third-person)
-hdittaman (instructive third-person)
-htiminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-htimaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-htimaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-htimaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-htimaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-htimaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-htimaisillansa (possessive third-person)

-h- + -taa + -ia; the -h- is re-extracted from words ending in *-eh (modern -e < *-ëh).


-ства

From Proto-Slavic *-ьstvo. Cognate with Russian -ство (-stvo), Polish -stwo.

чалаве́к (čalavjék, “man”) + -ства (-stva) → чалаве́цтва (čalavjéctva, “mankind”)

Used to form abstract nouns; -kind, -hood, -dom.

-цтва — when added to a word ending in -т


pterygo-

From Ancient Greek πτέρῠγος (ptérŭgos), genitive singular of πτέρῠξ (ptérŭx, “wing”).

pterygomalar


-астый

-а́стый • (-ástyj)

-а́стый (canonical)
-ástyj (romanization)
-а́стый (masculine nominative)
-а́стое (neuter nominative)
-а́стая (feminine nominative)
-а́стые (nominative plural)
-а́стого (genitive masculine neuter)
-а́стой (feminine genitive)
-а́стых (genitive plural)
-а́стому (dative masculine neuter)
-а́стой (dative feminine)
-а́стым (dative plural)
-а́стого (accusative animate masculine)
-а́стое (accusative neuter)
-а́стую (accusative feminine)
-а́стых (accusative animate plural)
-а́стый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-а́стые (accusative inanimate plural)
-а́стым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-а́стой (feminine instrumental)
-а́стою (feminine instrumental)
-а́стыми (instrumental plural)
-а́стом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-а́стой (feminine prepositional)
-а́стых (plural prepositional)
-а́ст (masculine short-form)
-а́сто (neuter short-form)
-а́ста (feminine short-form)
-а́сты (plural short-form)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-atъ / *-astъ.

зуб (zub, “tooth”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → зуба́стый (zubástyj, “toothy”)

грудь (grudʹ, “breast, bosom”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → груда́стый (grudástyj, “busty”)

ко́рень (kórenʹ, “root”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → корена́стый (korenástyj, “with strong roots (of a tree); thickset, stocky”)

блоха́ (bloxá, “flea”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → блоха́стый (bloxástyj, “flea-ridden”)

adjective-forming suffix, added to nouns (especially body parts), indicating having the property of that noun to a large extent


-ety

Apparently an alteration of -edy, as seen in jaggedy, raggedy, etc.; equivalent to -ed + -y. The alteration of -d- to -t- is perhaps due to Scottish influence, where it is common for the past participle of Scots verbs to end in -et/-it rather than -ed as in English.
Alternatively, perhaps imitative of repeated action.

dig + -ety → diggety, hot diggety dog

lick + -ety → lickety, lickety-split

Added to monosyllabic words, typically nouns or adjectives, to extend their form.


gastra-

Coined based on Ancient Greek γαστήρ (gastḗr, “stomach”).


-eln

From Middle High German -eln, -elen, from Old High German -alōn, from Proto-Germanic *-lōną (frequentative verbal suffix). Cognate with English -le, West Frisian -elje, Dutch -elen, Danish -le, Swedish -la, Icelandic -la.

inh

kippen (“to tilt”) + -eln → kippeln (“to tilt back and forth”)

husten (“to cough”) + -eln → hüsteln (“to cough slightly”)

Suffix used to form verbs, chiefly from other verbs, but also from nouns and adjectives. The resulting verb often has an iterative/frequentative or a diminutive meaning.


oiko-

various meanings all related to oikea and oikoa: straight, direct, correct


-uś

-usia (feminine)
-uś (nominative singular)
-usie (nominative plural)
-usiowie (nominative plural)
-usia (genitive singular)
-usiów (genitive plural)
-usiowi (dative singular)
-usiom (dative plural)
-usia (accusative singular)
-usie (accusative plural)
-usiów (accusative plural)
-usiem (instrumental singular)
-usiami (instrumental plural)
-usiu (locative singular)
-usiach (locative plural)
-usiu (singular vocative)
-usie (plural vocative)
-usiowie (plural vocative)

Jakub + -uś → Kubuś


-iño

gl-adj

-iño (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -iña, masculine plural -iños, feminine plural -iñas)

gl-noun

-iño m (noun-forming suffix, plural -iños, feminine -iña, feminine plural -iñas)

-iña (feminine)
-iños (masculine plural)
-iñas (feminine plural)
-iños (plural)
-iña (feminine)
-iñas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ĩo, from Vulgar Latin *-īnus. Cognate with Portuguese -inho, Asturian -ín, Italian -ino.

sentido (“sense”) + -iño → sentidiño (“common sense”)

rico (“rich; tasty”) + -iño → riquiño (“cute, adorable”)

forms diminutives of nouns, adjectives and adverbs in Galician, sometimes with semantic shift from the original noun


-iño

es-noun

-iño m (noun-forming suffix, plural -iños)

(Galicia) a diminutive suffix for masculine nouns or adjectives


-iña

gl-noun

-iña f (noun-forming suffix, plural -iñas, masculine -iño, masculine plural -iños)

-iñas (plural)
-iño (masculine)
-iños (masculine plural)

forms diminutives of nouns, esp. feminine ones


-sar

Nheengatu: -sara

From Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-ar, from Proto-Tupian *-at.

etymon

Çoõboiçara.

1622, anonymous author, “Magarefe”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 28; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:


-кий

-kij (romanization)
-кий (masculine nominative)
-кое (neuter nominative)
-кая (feminine nominative)
-кие (nominative plural)
-кого (genitive masculine neuter)
-кой (feminine genitive)
-ких (genitive plural)
-кому (dative masculine neuter)
-кой (dative feminine)
-ким (dative plural)
-кого (accusative animate masculine)
-кое (accusative neuter)
-кую (accusative feminine)
-ких (accusative animate plural)
-кий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-кие (accusative inanimate plural)
-ким (instrumental masculine neuter)
-кой (feminine instrumental)
-кою (feminine instrumental)
-кими (instrumental plural)
-ком (masculine neuter prepositional)
-кой (feminine prepositional)
-ких (plural prepositional)
-к (masculine short-form)
-ко (neuter short-form)
-ка́ (feminine short-form)
-ки́ (plural short-form)
-ки (plural short-form)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьkъ, *-ъkъ, *-kъ?

-цепи́ть (-cepítʹ, “to catch, to grasp”) + -кий (-kij) → це́пкий (cépkij, “prehensile; tenacious”)

лома́ть (lomátʹ, “to break”) + -кий (-kij) → ло́мкий (lómkij, “brittle, breakable”)

дерза́ть (derzátʹ, “to dare”) + -кий (-kij) → де́рзкий (dérzkij, “daring, audacious; brazen, impertinent”)

вес (ves, “weight”) + -кий (-kij) → ве́ский (véskij, “weighty, heavy; significant”)

гул (gul, “boom, rumble”) + -кий (-kij) → гу́лкий (gúlkij, “booming, resonant”)

-y, -ous: Used to form qualitative adjectives from verbs and nouns, with the meaning "having the characteristic of X".


små-

små- + spise (“eat”) → småspise (“snack”)

små- + snakke (“chat”) → smånakke (“smalltalk”)

små- + synge (“sing”) → småsynge


-tba

Inherited from Old Czech -tva, -tba, from Proto-Slavic *-tva, from Proto-Indo-European *-tweh₂.

modlit + -tba → modlitba

suffix appended to verbs to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an action


-aista

head

-aista (front vowel harmony variant -äistä, stem -aise-, linguistic notation -Aise- or -AistA)

-äistä (front-vowel)
-aise- (stem)
-aisen (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -aise (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -aissut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -aissut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-aiset (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -aise (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -aissut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -aissut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-aisee (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -aise (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -aissut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -aissut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-aisemme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -aise (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -aisseet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -aisseet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-aisette (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -aise (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -aisseet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -aisseet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-aisevat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -aise (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -aisseet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -aisseet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-aistaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -aista (indicative negative passive present)
on -aistu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -aistu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-aisin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -aissut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -aissut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -aissut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-aisit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -aissut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -aissut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -aissut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-aisi (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -aissut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -aissut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -aissut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-aisimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -aisseet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -aisseet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -aisseet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-aisitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -aisseet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -aisseet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -aisseet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-aisivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -aisseet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -aisseet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -aisseet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-aistiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -aistu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -aistu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -aistu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-aisisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -aisisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -aissut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -aissut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-aisisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -aisisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -aissut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -aissut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-aisisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -aisisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -aissut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -aissut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-aisisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -aisisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -aisseet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -aisseet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-aisisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -aisisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -aisseet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -aisseet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-aisisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -aisisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -aisseet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -aisseet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-aistaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -aistaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -aistu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -aistu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-aise (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -aise (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-aiskoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -aisko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -aissut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -aissut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-aiskaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -aisko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-aiskaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -aisko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-aiskoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -aisko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -aisseet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -aisseet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-aistakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -aistako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -aistu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -aistu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-aissen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -aisse (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -aissut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -aissut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-aisset (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -aisse (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -aissut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -aissut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-aissee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -aisse (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -aissut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -aissut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-aissemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -aisse (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -aisseet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -aisseet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-aissette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -aisse (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -aisseet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -aisseet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-aissevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -aisse (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -aisseet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -aisseet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-aistaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -aistane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -aistu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -aistu (negative passive perfect potential)
-aista (infinitive infinitive-i)
-aiseva (active participle present)
-aistava (participle passive present)
-aistakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-aistaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-aistaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-aistaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-aistakseen (possessive third-person)
-aistaksensa (possessive third-person)
-aissut (infinitive-i-long past)
-aistu (infinitive-i-long past)
-aistessa (inessive second-person)
-aistaessa (inessive second-person)
-aisema (agent)
-aistessani (first-person possessive singular)
-aistessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-aistessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-aistessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-aistessaan (possessive third-person)
-aistessansa (possessive third-person)
-aisematon (inessive negative second-person)
-aisten (instructive second-person)
-aisemassa (inessive third-person)
-aisemasta (elative third-person)
-aisemaan (illative third-person)
-aisemalla (adessive third-person)
-aisematta (abessive third-person)
-aiseman (instructive third-person)
-aistaman (instructive third-person)
-aiseminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-aisemaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-aisemaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-aisemaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-aisemaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-aisemaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-aisemaisillansa (possessive third-person)

Probably from -ita (stem -itse-) with re-extracted -a-, with -ts- reduced first in participle forms to -s- and then applied by analogy to other forms.

Alternative form: -asta (colloquial)

momentane
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Momentane


-fyytti

-fyytti (nominative singular)
-fyytit (nominative plural)
-fyytti (accusative nominative singular)
-fyytit (accusative nominative plural)
-fyytin (accusative genitive singular)
-fyytit (accusative genitive plural)
-fyytin (genitive singular)
-fyyttien (genitive plural)
-fyyttiä (partitive singular)
-fyyttejä (partitive plural)
-fyytissä (inessive singular)
-fyyteissä (inessive plural)
-fyytistä (elative singular)
-fyyteistä (elative plural)
-fyyttiin (illative singular)
-fyytteihin (illative plural)
-fyytillä (adessive singular)
-fyyteillä (adessive plural)
-fyytiltä (ablative singular)
-fyyteiltä (ablative plural)
-fyytille (allative singular)
-fyyteille (allative plural)
-fyyttinä (essive singular)
-fyytteinä (essive plural)
-fyytiksi (singular translative)
-fyyteiksi (plural translative)
-fyytittä (abessive singular)
-fyyteittä (abessive plural)
-fyytein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-fyyttini (nominative singular)
-fyyttini (nominative plural)
-fyyttini (accusative nominative singular)
-fyyttini (accusative nominative plural)
-fyyttini (accusative genitive singular)
-fyyttini (accusative genitive plural)
-fyyttini (genitive singular)
-fyyttieni (genitive plural)
-fyyttiäni (partitive singular)
-fyyttejäni (partitive plural)
-fyytissäni (inessive singular)
-fyyteissäni (inessive plural)
-fyytistäni (elative singular)
-fyyteistäni (elative plural)
-fyyttiini (illative singular)
-fyytteihini (illative plural)
-fyytilläni (adessive singular)
-fyyteilläni (adessive plural)
-fyytiltäni (ablative singular)
-fyyteiltäni (ablative plural)
-fyytilleni (allative singular)
-fyyteilleni (allative plural)
-fyyttinäni (essive singular)
-fyytteinäni (essive plural)
-fyytikseni (singular translative)
-fyyteikseni (plural translative)
-fyytittäni (abessive singular)
-fyyteittäni (abessive plural)
-fyytteineni (comitative plural)
-fyyttisi (nominative singular)
-fyyttisi (nominative plural)
-fyyttisi (accusative nominative singular)
-fyyttisi (accusative nominative plural)
-fyyttisi (accusative genitive singular)
-fyyttisi (accusative genitive plural)
-fyyttisi (genitive singular)
-fyyttiesi (genitive plural)
-fyyttiäsi (partitive singular)
-fyyttejäsi (partitive plural)
-fyytissäsi (inessive singular)
-fyyteissäsi (inessive plural)
-fyytistäsi (elative singular)
-fyyteistäsi (elative plural)
-fyyttiisi (illative singular)
-fyytteihisi (illative plural)
-fyytilläsi (adessive singular)
-fyyteilläsi (adessive plural)
-fyytiltäsi (ablative singular)
-fyyteiltäsi (ablative plural)
-fyytillesi (allative singular)
-fyyteillesi (allative plural)
-fyyttinäsi (essive singular)
-fyytteinäsi (essive plural)
-fyytiksesi (singular translative)
-fyyteiksesi (plural translative)
-fyytittäsi (abessive singular)
-fyyteittäsi (abessive plural)
-fyytteinesi (comitative plural)
-fyyttimme (nominative singular)
-fyyttimme (nominative plural)
-fyyttimme (accusative nominative singular)
-fyyttimme (accusative nominative plural)
-fyyttimme (accusative genitive singular)
-fyyttimme (accusative genitive plural)
-fyyttimme (genitive singular)
-fyyttiemme (genitive plural)
-fyyttiämme (partitive singular)
-fyyttejämme (partitive plural)
-fyytissämme (inessive singular)
-fyyteissämme (inessive plural)
-fyytistämme (elative singular)
-fyyteistämme (elative plural)
-fyyttiimme (illative singular)
-fyytteihimme (illative plural)
-fyytillämme (adessive singular)
-fyyteillämme (adessive plural)
-fyytiltämme (ablative singular)
-fyyteiltämme (ablative plural)
-fyytillemme (allative singular)
-fyyteillemme (allative plural)
-fyyttinämme (essive singular)
-fyytteinämme (essive plural)
-fyytiksemme (singular translative)
-fyyteiksemme (plural translative)
-fyytittämme (abessive singular)
-fyyteittämme (abessive plural)
-fyytteinemme (comitative plural)
-fyyttinne (nominative singular)
-fyyttinne (nominative plural)
-fyyttinne (accusative nominative singular)
-fyyttinne (accusative nominative plural)
-fyyttinne (accusative genitive singular)
-fyyttinne (accusative genitive plural)
-fyyttinne (genitive singular)
-fyyttienne (genitive plural)
-fyyttiänne (partitive singular)
-fyyttejänne (partitive plural)
-fyytissänne (inessive singular)
-fyyteissänne (inessive plural)
-fyytistänne (elative singular)
-fyyteistänne (elative plural)
-fyyttiinne (illative singular)
-fyytteihinne (illative plural)
-fyytillänne (adessive singular)
-fyyteillänne (adessive plural)
-fyytiltänne (ablative singular)
-fyyteiltänne (ablative plural)
-fyytillenne (allative singular)
-fyyteillenne (allative plural)
-fyyttinänne (essive singular)
-fyytteinänne (essive plural)
-fyytiksenne (singular translative)
-fyyteiksenne (plural translative)
-fyytittänne (abessive singular)
-fyyteittänne (abessive plural)
-fyytteinenne (comitative plural)
-fyyttinsä (nominative singular)
-fyyttinsä (nominative plural)
-fyyttinsä (accusative nominative singular)
-fyyttinsä (accusative nominative plural)
-fyyttinsä (accusative genitive singular)
-fyyttinsä (accusative genitive plural)
-fyyttinsä (genitive singular)
-fyyttiensä (genitive plural)
-fyyttiään (partitive singular)
-fyyttiänsä (partitive singular)
-fyyttejään (partitive plural)
-fyyttejänsä (partitive plural)
-fyytissään (inessive singular)
-fyytissänsä (inessive singular)
-fyyteissään (inessive plural)
-fyyteissänsä (inessive plural)
-fyytistään (elative singular)
-fyytistänsä (elative singular)
-fyyteistään (elative plural)
-fyyteistänsä (elative plural)
-fyyttiinsä (illative singular)
-fyytteihinsä (illative plural)
-fyytillään (adessive singular)
-fyytillänsä (adessive singular)
-fyyteillään (adessive plural)
-fyyteillänsä (adessive plural)
-fyytiltään (ablative singular)
-fyytiltänsä (ablative singular)
-fyyteiltään (ablative plural)
-fyyteiltänsä (ablative plural)
-fyytilleen (allative singular)
-fyytillensä (allative singular)
-fyyteilleen (allative plural)
-fyyteillensä (allative plural)
-fyyttinään (essive singular)
-fyyttinänsä (essive singular)
-fyytteinään (essive plural)
-fyytteinänsä (essive plural)
-fyytikseen (singular translative)
-fyytiksensä (singular translative)
-fyyteikseen (plural translative)
-fyyteiksensä (plural translative)
-fyytittään (abessive singular)
-fyytittänsä (abessive singular)
-fyyteittään (abessive plural)
-fyyteittänsä (abessive plural)
-fyytteineen (comitative plural)
-fyytteinensä (comitative plural)

Internationalism (see English -phyte), ultimately from Ancient Greek φυτόν (phutón).


-isen

forms adverbs from numerals to represent an approximate amount; about, around, approximately


siphono-

From the combining form of Ancient Greek σίφων (síphōn, “siphon”).

(chiefly zoology, botany) Forming compound terms pertaining to siphons or tubes.


-евский

-евский or -е́вский • (-evskij or -évskij)

-евский (canonical)
-е́вский (canonical)
-evskij (romanization)
-évskij (romanization)
-евский (masculine nominative)
-е́вский (masculine nominative)
-евское (neuter nominative)
-е́вское (neuter nominative)
-евская (feminine nominative)
-е́вская (feminine nominative)
-евские (nominative plural)
-е́вские (nominative plural)
-евского (genitive masculine neuter)
-е́вского (genitive masculine neuter)
-евской (feminine genitive)
-е́вской (feminine genitive)
-евских (genitive plural)
-е́вских (genitive plural)
-евскому (dative masculine neuter)
-е́вскому (dative masculine neuter)
-евской (dative feminine)
-е́вской (dative feminine)
-евским (dative plural)
-е́вским (dative plural)
-евского (accusative animate masculine)
-е́вского (accusative animate masculine)
-евское (accusative neuter)
-е́вское (accusative neuter)
-евскую (accusative feminine)
-е́вскую (accusative feminine)
-евских (accusative animate plural)
-е́вских (accusative animate plural)
-евский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-е́вский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-евские (accusative inanimate plural)
-е́вские (accusative inanimate plural)
-евским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-е́вским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-евской (feminine instrumental)
-евскою (feminine instrumental)
-е́вской (feminine instrumental)
-е́вскою (feminine instrumental)
-евскими (instrumental plural)
-е́вскими (instrumental plural)
-евском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-е́вском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-евской (feminine prepositional)
-е́вской (feminine prepositional)
-евских (plural prepositional)
-е́вских (plural prepositional)

ru-decl-adj

-евский,-е́вский

Го́голь (Gógolʹ, “Gogol”) + -евский (-evskij) → го́голевский (gógolevskij, “Gogol (relational)”)

Но́бель (Nóbelʹ, “Nobel”) + -евский (-evskij) → но́белевский (nóbelevskij, “Nobel (relational)”)

Гео́ргий (Geórgij, “George”) + -евский (-evskij) → гео́ргиевский (geórgijevskij, “Saint George's”)

коро́ль (korólʹ, “king”) + -е́вский (-évskij) → короле́вский (korolévskij, “royal”)

Adjectival suffix forming nouns meaning "related to X"; variant of -ский (-skij)


-άτικος

head

-άτικος • (-átikos) m (feminine -άτικη, neuter -άτικο)

-átikos (romanization)
-άτικη (feminine)
-άτικο (neuter)
-άτικος (masculine nominative singular)
-άτικη (feminine nominative singular)
-άτικο (neuter nominative singular)
-άτικοι (masculine nominative)
-άτικες (feminine nominative plural)
-άτικα (neuter nominative plural)
-άτικου (genitive masculine singular)
-άτικης (feminine genitive singular)
-άτικου (genitive neuter singular)
-άτικων (genitive masculine)
-άτικων (feminine genitive plural)
-άτικων (genitive neuter plural)
-άτικο (accusative masculine singular)
-άτικη (accusative feminine singular)
-άτικο (accusative neuter singular)
-άτικους (accusative masculine)
-άτικες (accusative feminine plural)
-άτικα (accusative neuter plural)
-άτικε (masculine singular vocative)
-άτικη (feminine singular vocative)
-άτικο (neuter singular vocative)
-άτικοι (masculine vocative)
-άτικες (feminine plural vocative)
-άτικα (neuter plural vocative)

From the adjectival suffixes -άτ(ος) (-át(os)) + -ικος (-ikos).

αποκριά (apokriá, “carnival in costume”) + -άτικος (-átikos) → αποκριάτικος (apokriátikos, “carnivalistic”)

Κυριακή (Kyriakí, “Sunday”) + -άτικος (-átikos) → κυριακάτικος (kyriakátikos, “of a Sunday”)

(forming adjectives) from nouns, denoting sense of time


-άτικα

Suffix for adverbs from neuter plural -άτικα of -άτικος.

κυριακή (kyriakí, “Sunday”) + -άτικα (-átika) → κυριακάτικα (kyriakátika, “on Sunday, of a Sunday (of all times!)”)

(colloquial, sometimes derogatory) added after a noun to create adverbs that indicate something happened at that particular time, often implying amazement or inappropriateness:


-ιάτικος

-ιάτικος • (-iátikos) m (feminine -ιάτικη, neuter -ιάτικο)

-iátikos (romanization)
-ιάτικη (feminine)
-ιάτικο (neuter)
-ιάτικος (masculine nominative singular)
-ιάτικη (feminine nominative singular)
-ιάτικο (neuter nominative singular)
-ιάτικοι (masculine nominative)
-ιάτικες (feminine nominative plural)
-ιάτικα (neuter nominative plural)
-ιάτικου (genitive masculine singular)
-ιάτικης (feminine genitive singular)
-ιάτικου (genitive neuter singular)
-ιάτικων (genitive masculine)
-ιάτικων (feminine genitive plural)
-ιάτικων (genitive neuter plural)
-ιάτικο (accusative masculine singular)
-ιάτικη (accusative feminine singular)
-ιάτικο (accusative neuter singular)
-ιάτικους (accusative masculine)
-ιάτικες (accusative feminine plural)
-ιάτικα (accusative neuter plural)
-ιάτικε (masculine singular vocative)
-ιάτικη (feminine singular vocative)
-ιάτικο (neuter singular vocative)
-ιάτικοι (masculine vocative)
-ιάτικες (feminine plural vocative)
-ιάτικα (neuter plural vocative)

From adjective suffixes -ιάτ(ης) (-iát(is)) + -ικος (-ikos).

Χριστούγεννα (Christoúgenna, “Christmas”) + -ιάτικος (-iátikos) → χριστουγεννιάτικος (christougenniátikos, “Christmassy”)

Μάης (Máis, “(colloquial): May”) + -ιάτικος (-iátikos) → μαγιάτικος (magiátikos, “of May”)

(forming adjectives) from nouns, denoting sense of time:

where the denoted is suitable or has the characteristics of the original word

καλοκαίρι (kalokaíri, “summer”) + -ιάτικος (-iátikos) → καλοκαιριάτικος (kalokairiátikos, “summery e.g. a warm winter day is 'summery'”)

(forming adjectives) where the denoted resembles the original word, without actually owning them


-ιάτικα

Suffix for adverbs from neuter plural -ιάτικα of -ιάτικος.

Χριστούγεννα (Christoúgenna, “Christmas”) + -ιάτικα (-iátika) → χριστουγεννιάτικα (christougenniátika, “at Christmas, during Christmas (of all times!)”)

καλοκαίρι (kalokaíri, “summer”) + -ιάτικα (-iátika) → ανοιξιάτικα (anoixiátika, “in the spring, during spring (of all times!)”)


-lingr

non-decl-blank-full

-lingr

-lingr (indefinite nominative singular)
-lingrinn (definite nominative singular)
-lingar (indefinite nominative plural)
-lingarnir (definite nominative plural)
-ling (accusative indefinite singular)
-linginn (accusative definite singular)
-linga (accusative indefinite plural)
-lingana (accusative definite plural)
-lingi (dative indefinite singular)
-linginum (dative definite singular)
-lingum (dative indefinite plural)
-lingunum (dative definite plural)
-lings (genitive indefinite singular)
-lingsins (definite genitive singular)
-linga (genitive indefinite plural)
-linganna (definite genitive plural)

From Proto-Germanic *-ilingaz, itself a compound of *-ilaz and *-ingaz. Compare English -ling.

forms noun-derivatives with sense of 'belonging to, coming from, descending from', often with a diminutive force


-βάτης

grc-noun

-βᾰ́της • (-bắtēs) m (genitive -βᾰ́του); first declension

-βᾰ́της (canonical)
-bắtēs (romanization)
-βᾰ́του (genitive)
-βᾰ́τις (feminine)
-βᾰ́της (nominative singular)
-βᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
-βᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
-βᾰ́του (genitive singular)
-βᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
-βᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
-βᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
-βᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
-βᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
-βᾰ́την (accusative singular)
-βᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
-βᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
-βᾰ́τᾰ (singular vocative)
-βᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
-βᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

Greek: -βάτης (-vátis)

From βαίνω (baínō, “I walk”), βᾰτός (bătós, “passable”).

ὄρος (óros, “(τοῦ ὄρε-ος) mountain”) + -βάτης (-bátēs) → ὀρειβάτης (oreibátēs, “mountain-ranging”)

(forming nouns) masculine: one who walks on what is defined by the first combining form


-tъ

-tъ (nominative singular)
-ta (dual nominative)
-ti (nominative plural)
-ta (genitive singular)
-tu (dual genitive)
-tъ (genitive plural)
-tu (dative singular)
-toma (dative dual)
-tomъ (dative plural)
-tъ (accusative singular)
-ta (accusative dual)
-ty (accusative plural)
-tъmь (instrumental singular)
-tomь (instrumental singular)
-toma (dual instrumental)
-ty (instrumental plural)
-tě (locative singular)
-tu (dual locative)
-těxъ (locative plural)
-te (singular vocative)
-ta (dual vocative)
-ti (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tas; the suffix continues both Proto-Indo-European *-tós and *-tus. A distinguishing feature between the two is that lemmas formed with the u-stem suffix, later were extended with *-kъ, e.g. Serbo-Croatian podátak (“datum”) < *datъ (“load, something given”).

obutъ (“footwear put on”) ← *obuti (“to put on footwear”)
nadutъ (“swelled”) (+ *na-) ← *duti (“to blow up”)

šitъ (“sewed”) ← *šiti (“to sew”)
bitъ (“beaten”) ← *biti (“to beat”)

klętъ (“pitiable, damned”) ← *klęti (“to curse”)
vъzętъ (“taken”) ← *vъzęti (“to take, to acquire”)

Deverbal from mono-syllabic simple stems, forms passive participles


birki-

From bjǫrk, from Proto-Germanic *berkō (“birch”).

birki- + viðr (“wood”) → birkiviðr (“birchwood”)


-igno

it-adj

-igno (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -igna, masculine plural -igni, feminine plural -igne)

-igna (feminine)
-igni (masculine plural)
-igne (feminine plural)

Confluence of Latin -īneus and -ignus. Compare Sicilian -ignu.


astragalo-

(anatomy) Pertaining to the astragalus, the anklebone


-stridig

strid (“conflict, incorrespondence”) + -ig, compare stridig (“confrontational, spiteful”).

traktatstridig (“in conflict with some treaty”)


-онький

-onʹkij (romanization)
-онький (masculine nominative)
-онькое (neuter nominative)
-онькая (feminine nominative)
-онькие (nominative plural)
-онького (genitive masculine neuter)
-онькой (feminine genitive)
-оньких (genitive plural)
-онькому (dative masculine neuter)
-онькой (dative feminine)
-оньким (dative plural)
-онького (accusative animate masculine)
-онькое (accusative neuter)
-онькую (accusative feminine)
-оньких (accusative animate plural)
-онький (accusative inanimate masculine)
-онькие (accusative inanimate plural)
-оньким (instrumental masculine neuter)
-онькой (feminine instrumental)
-онькою (feminine instrumental)
-онькими (instrumental plural)
-оньком (masculine neuter prepositional)
-онькой (feminine prepositional)
-оньких (plural prepositional)

сухо́й (suxój, “dry”) + -онький (-onʹkij) → су́хонький (súxonʹkij, “nice and dry”)

широ́кий (širókij, “wide”) + -онький (-onʹkij) → широ́конький (širókonʹkij, “very wide”)

suffix used to form diminutive adjectives from other adjectives; often the diminutive meaning is lost, or an intensifying meaning is imparted


-ploid

Back-formation from haploid and diploid. Equivalent to Ancient Greek -πλ(όος) (-pl(óos), “-fold”) + -oid.

der

(biology, genetics) Indicating the number of homologous sets of chromosomes in a cell.


-ploid

-ploid (nominative singular)
-ploidy (nominative plural)
-ploidu (genitive singular)
-ploidów (genitive plural)
-ploidowi (dative singular)
-ploidom (dative plural)
-ploid (accusative singular)
-ploidy (accusative plural)
-ploidem (instrumental singular)
-ploidami (instrumental plural)
-ploidzie (locative singular)
-ploidach (locative plural)
-ploidzie (singular vocative)
-ploidy (plural vocative)

Back-formation from haploid and diploid. Equivalent to Ancient Greek -πλόος (-plóos) + -id.

di- + -ploid → diploid


yder-

dør (“door”) -> yderdør (“door leading into and out of a building”)

punkt (“point”) -> yderpunkt (“extreme, point as far from the center as possible”)

side (“side”) -> yderside (“outside, outer side”)


-nainen

head

-nainen (front vowel harmony variant -näinen, linguistic notation -nAinen)

-näinen (front-vowel)
-nainen (nominative singular)
-naiset (nominative plural)
-nainen (accusative nominative singular)
-naiset (accusative nominative plural)
-naisen (accusative genitive singular)
-naiset (accusative genitive plural)
-naisen (genitive singular)
-naisten (genitive plural)
-naisien (genitive plural)
-naista (partitive singular)
-naisia (partitive plural)
-naisessa (inessive singular)
-naisissa (inessive plural)
-naisesta (elative singular)
-naisista (elative plural)
-naiseen (illative singular)
-naisiin (illative plural)
-naisella (adessive singular)
-naisilla (adessive plural)
-naiselta (ablative singular)
-naisilta (ablative plural)
-naiselle (allative singular)
-naisille (allative plural)
-naisena (essive singular)
-naisina (essive plural)
-naiseksi (singular translative)
-naisiksi (plural translative)
-naisetta (abessive singular)
-naisitta (abessive plural)
-naisin (instructive plural)
-naisine (comitative plural)
-naiseni (nominative singular)
-naiseni (nominative plural)
-naiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-naiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-naiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-naiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-naiseni (genitive singular)
-naisteni (genitive plural)
-naisieni (genitive plural)
-naistani (partitive singular)
-naisiani (partitive plural)
-naisessani (inessive singular)
-naisissani (inessive plural)
-naisestani (elative singular)
-naisistani (elative plural)
-naiseeni (illative singular)
-naisiini (illative plural)
-naisellani (adessive singular)
-naisillani (adessive plural)
-naiseltani (ablative singular)
-naisiltani (ablative plural)
-naiselleni (allative singular)
-naisilleni (allative plural)
-naisenani (essive singular)
-naisinani (essive plural)
-naisekseni (singular translative)
-naisikseni (plural translative)
-naisettani (abessive singular)
-naisittani (abessive plural)
-naisineni (comitative plural)
-naisesi (nominative singular)
-naisesi (nominative plural)
-naisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-naisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-naisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-naisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-naisesi (genitive singular)
-naistesi (genitive plural)
-naisiesi (genitive plural)
-naistasi (partitive singular)
-naisiasi (partitive plural)
-naisessasi (inessive singular)
-naisissasi (inessive plural)
-naisestasi (elative singular)
-naisistasi (elative plural)
-naiseesi (illative singular)
-naisiisi (illative plural)
-naisellasi (adessive singular)
-naisillasi (adessive plural)
-naiseltasi (ablative singular)
-naisiltasi (ablative plural)
-naisellesi (allative singular)
-naisillesi (allative plural)
-naisenasi (essive singular)
-naisinasi (essive plural)
-naiseksesi (singular translative)
-naisiksesi (plural translative)
-naisettasi (abessive singular)
-naisittasi (abessive plural)
-naisinesi (comitative plural)
-naisemme (nominative singular)
-naisemme (nominative plural)
-naisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-naisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-naisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-naisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-naisemme (genitive singular)
-naistemme (genitive plural)
-naisiemme (genitive plural)
-naistamme (partitive singular)
-naisiamme (partitive plural)
-naisessamme (inessive singular)
-naisissamme (inessive plural)
-naisestamme (elative singular)
-naisistamme (elative plural)
-naiseemme (illative singular)
-naisiimme (illative plural)
-naisellamme (adessive singular)
-naisillamme (adessive plural)
-naiseltamme (ablative singular)
-naisiltamme (ablative plural)
-naisellemme (allative singular)
-naisillemme (allative plural)
-naisenamme (essive singular)
-naisinamme (essive plural)
-naiseksemme (singular translative)
-naisiksemme (plural translative)
-naisettamme (abessive singular)
-naisittamme (abessive plural)
-naisinemme (comitative plural)
-naisenne (nominative singular)
-naisenne (nominative plural)
-naisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-naisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-naisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-naisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-naisenne (genitive singular)
-naistenne (genitive plural)
-naisienne (genitive plural)
-naistanne (partitive singular)
-naisianne (partitive plural)
-naisessanne (inessive singular)
-naisissanne (inessive plural)
-naisestanne (elative singular)
-naisistanne (elative plural)
-naiseenne (illative singular)
-naisiinne (illative plural)
-naisellanne (adessive singular)
-naisillanne (adessive plural)
-naiseltanne (ablative singular)
-naisiltanne (ablative plural)
-naisellenne (allative singular)
-naisillenne (allative plural)
-naisenanne (essive singular)
-naisinanne (essive plural)
-naiseksenne (singular translative)
-naisiksenne (plural translative)
-naisettanne (abessive singular)
-naisittanne (abessive plural)
-naisinenne (comitative plural)
-naisensa (nominative singular)
-naisensa (nominative plural)
-naisensa (accusative nominative singular)
-naisensa (accusative nominative plural)
-naisensa (accusative genitive singular)
-naisensa (accusative genitive plural)
-naisensa (genitive singular)
-naistensa (genitive plural)
-naisiensa (genitive plural)
-naistaan (partitive singular)
-naistansa (partitive singular)
-naisiaan (partitive plural)
-naisiansa (partitive plural)
-naisessaan (inessive singular)
-naisessansa (inessive singular)
-naisissaan (inessive plural)
-naisissansa (inessive plural)
-naisestaan (elative singular)
-naisestansa (elative singular)
-naisistaan (elative plural)
-naisistansa (elative plural)
-naiseensa (illative singular)
-naisiinsa (illative plural)
-naisellaan (adessive singular)
-naisellansa (adessive singular)
-naisillaan (adessive plural)
-naisillansa (adessive plural)
-naiseltaan (ablative singular)
-naiseltansa (ablative singular)
-naisiltaan (ablative plural)
-naisiltansa (ablative plural)
-naiselleen (allative singular)
-naisellensa (allative singular)
-naisilleen (allative plural)
-naisillensa (allative plural)
-naisenaan (essive singular)
-naisenansa (essive singular)
-naisinaan (essive plural)
-naisinansa (essive plural)
-naisekseen (singular translative)
-naiseksensa (singular translative)
-naisikseen (plural translative)
-naisiksensa (plural translative)
-naisettaan (abessive singular)
-naisettansa (abessive singular)
-naisittaan (abessive plural)
-naisittansa (abessive plural)
-naisineen (comitative plural)
-naisinensa (comitative plural)

koko (“whole”) + -nainen → kokonainen (“whole, entire, complete”)

irto- (“loose, separate”, prefix) + -nainen → irtonainen (“loose, separate”)

yksi (“one”) + -nainen → yhtenäinen (“uniform”)

forms adjectives, mostly describing a quality or property of the structure of something


-ugr

Icelandic: -agur, -igur, -ugur

Faroese: -agur, -igur, -ugur

Norwegian Nynorsk: -ig, -ug

Norwegian Bokmål: -ig

Swedish: -ig

Danish: -ig

From Proto-Germanic *-ugaz, made up from the stem of the preceding word, together with *-gaz. Compare with English -y. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, whence also Latin -cus.


-igr

Icelandic: -agur, -igur, -ugur

Faroese: -agur, -igur, -ugur

Norwegian Nynorsk: -ig, -ug

Norwegian Bokmål: -ig

Swedish: -ig

Danish: -ig

From Proto-Germanic *-īgaz, made up from the stem of the preceding word, together with *-gaz. Compare with English -y. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, whence also Latin -cus.


-yssh

English: -ish

Scots: -is, -ish, -isch

From Old English -isc and Old Norse -isk, both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, with some influence from Old French -ais, -eis.

Affixed to nouns designating races, peoples and languages to form adjectives that describe them.


-ych

-ych (nominative singular)
-ychowie (nominative plural)
-ychy (derogatory nominative plural)
-ycha (genitive singular)
-ychów (genitive plural)
-ychowi (dative singular)
-ychom (dative plural)
-ycha (accusative singular)
-ychów (accusative plural)
-ychem (instrumental singular)
-ychami (instrumental plural)
-ychu (locative singular)
-ychach (locative plural)
-ychu (singular vocative)
-ychowie (plural vocative)

Jędrzej + -ych → Jędrych


-azi

A variant of -kazi, from Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀kádí.

Feminine suffix, used with a few nouns ending in -o.


-kazi

Suffix deriving words for female people from those for male people.


-ye

gui (“to eat”) → guiye (“food”)

Forms nouns denoting the future action of the suffixed verb; -ing-to-be, -tion-to-be


-цкий

-ckij (romanization)
-цкий (masculine nominative)
-цкое (neuter nominative)
-цкая (feminine nominative)
-цкие (nominative plural)
-цкого (genitive masculine neuter)
-цкой (feminine genitive)
-цких (genitive plural)
-цкому (dative masculine neuter)
-цкой (dative feminine)
-цким (dative plural)
-цкого (accusative animate masculine)
-цкое (accusative neuter)
-цкую (accusative feminine)
-цких (accusative animate plural)
-цкий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-цкие (accusative inanimate plural)
-цким (instrumental masculine neuter)
-цкой (feminine instrumental)
-цкою (feminine instrumental)
-цкими (instrumental plural)
-цком (masculine neuter prepositional)
-цкой (feminine prepositional)
-цких (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic -чьскъ with assimilation -чс- > -ц-. See -ский (-skij).

рыба́к (rybák, “fisherman”) + -цкий (-ckij) → рыба́цкий (rybáckij, “fisherman's; fishing (relational)”)

не́мец (némec, “German (person)”) + -цкий (-ckij) → неме́цкий (neméckij, “German”)

Тро́ица (Tróica, “Trinity”) + -цкий (-ckij) → тро́ицкий (tróickij, “Trinity (relational)”)


-schipe

English: -ship

Scots: -schip

From Old English -sċiepe, from Proto-West Germanic *-skapi, Proto-Germanic *-skapiz.

Affixed to nouns and adjectives to form nouns denoting being, status, quality, activity, collectivity or condition.


-scipe

-sċipe (canonical masculine)
-sċipe (nominative singular)
-sċipas (nominative plural)
-sċipe (accusative singular)
-sċipas (accusative plural)
-sċipes (genitive singular)
-sċipa (genitive plural)
-sċipe (dative singular)
-sċipum (dative plural)


-tza

zurgin (“carpenter”) + -tza → zurgintza (“carpentry”)

erlezain (“beekeeper”) + -tza → erlezaintza (“beekeeping”)


-iş

kedi (“cat”) + -ş → kediş (“kitty”)


fehl-

fehl- + interpretieren (“interpret”) → fehlinterpretieren (“misinterpret”)


weiter-

A verb prefix indicating the continuation of an action; equivalent to (?) on.


runter-

Contraction of herunter- or from runter.


-dactyl

From French -dactyle, from Latin -dactylus, ultimately from Ancient Greek δάκτυλος (dáktulos, “finger”).


-tegi

May be related to hegi (“edge, border, bank”).


stato-

From Ancient Greek στατός (statós, “standing”).

uder

(zoology, botany) propagules or spores in aquatic organisms.


-cross

(sports) Forms the names of sports that involve racing across an artificial cross-country course of bumps, jumps, drop-offs, troughs, curves, and such.


-инский

head

-инский or -и́нский • (-inskij or -ínskij)

-инский (canonical)
-и́нский (canonical)
-inskij (romanization)
-ínskij (romanization)
-инский (masculine nominative)
-и́нский (masculine nominative)
-инское (neuter nominative)
-и́нское (neuter nominative)
-инская (feminine nominative)
-и́нская (feminine nominative)
-инские (nominative plural)
-и́нские (nominative plural)
-инского (genitive masculine neuter)
-и́нского (genitive masculine neuter)
-инской (feminine genitive)
-и́нской (feminine genitive)
-инских (genitive plural)
-и́нских (genitive plural)
-инскому (dative masculine neuter)
-и́нскому (dative masculine neuter)
-инской (dative feminine)
-и́нской (dative feminine)
-инским (dative plural)
-и́нским (dative plural)
-инского (accusative animate masculine)
-и́нского (accusative animate masculine)
-инское (accusative neuter)
-и́нское (accusative neuter)
-инскую (accusative feminine)
-и́нскую (accusative feminine)
-инских (accusative animate plural)
-и́нских (accusative animate plural)
-инский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-и́нский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-инские (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́нские (accusative inanimate plural)
-инским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-и́нским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-инской (feminine instrumental)
-инскою (feminine instrumental)
-и́нской (feminine instrumental)
-и́нскою (feminine instrumental)
-инскими (instrumental plural)
-и́нскими (instrumental plural)
-инском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-и́нском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-инской (feminine prepositional)
-и́нской (feminine prepositional)
-инских (plural prepositional)
-и́нских (plural prepositional)

ru-decl-adj

-инский,-и́нский

Ку́ба (Kúba, “Cuba”) + -и́нский (-ínskij) → куби́нский (kubínskij, “Cuban”)

Сатана́ (Sataná, “Satan”) + -и́нский (-ínskij) → сатани́нский (satanínskij, “satanic”)

Екатери́на (Jekaterína, “Catherine”) + -инский (-inskij) → екатери́нинский (jekateríninskij, “Catherine's”)

сестра́ (sestrá, “sister”) + -инский (-inskij) → се́стринский (séstrinskij, “sisterly”)

Adjectival suffix forming nouns meaning "related to X"; variant of -ский (-skij)


-bil

ro-adj

-bil m or n (feminine singular -bilă, masculine plural -bili, feminine and neuter plural -bile)

-bilă (feminine singular)
-bili (masculine plural)
-bile (feminine neuter plural)
-bil (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
-bilă (feminine indefinite singular)
-bili (indefinite masculine singular)
-bile (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
-bilul (definite masculine neuter singular)
-bila (definite feminine singular)
-bilii (definite masculine singular)
-bilele (definite feminine neuter plural)
-bile (feminine indefinite singular)
-bilului (definite masculine neuter singular)
-bilei (definite feminine singular)
-bililor (definite masculine singular)
-bilelor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Borrowed from Latin -abilis, Italian -abile; cf. French -able.

gonfla + -bil → gonflabil

substitui + -bil → substituibil

bea + -bil → băubil

-able, -ible (forms adjectives with the meaning "able to be" from verbs)


-ятор

-я́тор (canonical)
-játor (romanization)
-я́тор (nominative singular)
-я́торы (nominative plural)
-я́тора (genitive singular)
-я́торов (genitive plural)
-я́тору (dative singular)
-я́торам (dative plural)
-я́тора (accusative animate singular)
-я́торов (accusative animate plural)
-я́тор (accusative inanimate singular)
-я́торы (accusative inanimate plural)
-я́тором (instrumental singular)
-я́торами (instrumental plural)
-я́торе (prepositional singular)
-я́торах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Latin -ātor; see -а́тор (-átor).

манипули́ровать (manipulírovatʹ, “to manipulate”) + -ятор (-jator) → манипуля́тор (manipuljátor, “manipulator (animate and inanimate)”)

-и́ровать -ировать#Russian

-ирова́ть -ировать#Russian

-ова́ть -овать#Russian

Suffix used to form agent nouns (both animate and inanimate) from verbs in -и́ровать (-írovatʹ), -ирова́ть (-irovátʹ) and -ова́ть (-ovátʹ) whose stem ends in -л (-l): -ator, -er


-ууль

Variant of -уурь (-uurʹ), originally used after stems containing р (r), but now used with other stems.

Forms abstract nouns or locations associated with a verb.