צרפת

he-proper noun

צָרְפַת • (tsarfát) f

צָרְפַת (canonical)
tsarfát (romanization)

/sˤɔːrˈfaθ/ [sˤɔːʀˈfaːθ]

/sˤɔrəˈfaθ/ [sˤɔː.ræˈfæːθ]

Appears twice in the Hebrew Bible. In the Book of Obadiah next to ספרד, when that word acquired its meaning as Spain, צרפת acquired a meaning of the country bordering Spain, France.

(Medieval Hebrew, Modern Israeli Hebrew) France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


אדום

אֱדוֹם • (edóm)

desctree

→ Koine Greek: Ἐδώμ (Edṓm)
Greek: Εδώμ (Edóm)
→ Latin: Edōm, Idūmē
→ English: Edom

From אָדֹם (“red”), see Genesis 25:30. Attested to in Ancient Egyptian as Egyptian jdwmꜥi-A2-d-W-m:a-T14-N25

אַחַר כָּךְ אָמַר הַכּוּזָרִי בְלִבּוֹ, אֶשְׁאַל אֱדוֹם וְיִשְׁמָעִאל, כִּי אֶחָד מִשְּׁנֵי הַמַּעֲשִׂים הוּא הַנִּרְצֶה מֵאֵין סָפֵק.

1140, Yehuda HaLevi, “1:6”, in Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon, transl., Sefer Kuzari:

After this the Khazar said to himself, I will ask the Christians and the Muslims, for one of these two is undoubtedly God's will.

(Medieval Hebrew) Christendom, the Christians


גשם

he-noun

גֶּשֶׁם • (géshem) m (plural indefinite גְּשָׁמִים, singular construct גֶּשֶׁם־, plural construct גִּשְׁמֵי־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

גֶּשֶׁם (canonical)
géshem (romanization)
גְּשָׁמִים (indefinite plural)
גֶּשֶׁם־ (construct singular)
גִּשְׁמֵי־ (construct plural)

Compare Ugaritic 𐎂𐎌𐎎 (gšm, “rain, downpour”). The sense "body" (and, by extension, "substance") is first attested in Aramaic parts of the Book of Daniel and later gained currency in Medieval Hebrew. This sense appears to represent a borrowing from Aramaic, for which compare Classical Syriac ܓܘܫܡܐ and confer Arabic جِسْم (jism).


כנען

he-proper noun

כְּנַעַן • (k'ná'an) m

כְּנַעַן (canonical)
k'ná'an (romanization)

Uncertain. Suggested to be from a West Semitic root from the base verb *kanaʕ- (“to be low, humble, subjugated”), Hebrew כָּנַע (kānaʕ), Aramaic כְּנַע (kənaʕ, “to bend, to kneel”), Arabic قَنَعَ (qanaʕa, “to beg”), Ge'ez አቅንዐ (ʾäḳnəʿä, “to arrange”), which could have been used in contrast with אֲרַם (“Aram”) with the latter derived from a word for highlands. Compare Phoenician 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 (knʿn), Arabic كَنْعَانُ (kanʕānu).

cog

(Medieval Hebrew) the Slavs; Slavic lands


אביונה

he-noun

אֲבִיּוֹנָה • (ʔăḇiyyonɔ, aviyoná) f

אֲבִיּוֹנָה (canonical)
ʔăḇiyyonɔ (romanization)
aviyoná (romanization)
אֶבְיוֹנָה (alternative)

Diminutive of חָבִית (ḥɔḇiṯ, khavít, “cask, barrel”), owing to its shape. The lewd meaning is a late misinterpretation of textual sources after the root א־ב־ה (a-b-h).

(Biblical Hebrew, Medieval Hebrew) caperberry, fruit of the caperbush


ספרד

he-proper noun

סְפָרַד • (s'farád) f

סְפָרַד (canonical)
s'farád (romanization)

(Medieval Hebrew, Modern Israeli Hebrew) Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


כיס

he-noun

כִּיס • (kís) m or f (plural indefinite כִּיסִים)

כִּיס (canonical)
kís (romanization)
כִּיסִים (indefinite plural)
כִּיס (indefinite singular)
כִּיסִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
כִּיסֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַכִּיס (definite singular)
כִּיסְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
כִּיסֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
כִּיסְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
כִּיסְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
כִּיס־ (construct singular)
כִּיסוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
כִּיסָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
כִּיסָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
כִּיסָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
כִּיסִים (indefinite plural)
כיסיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
כִּיסַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
כִּיסֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַכִּיסִים (definite plural)
כִּיסֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
כיסייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
כִּיסַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
כִּיסֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
כִּיסֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
כִּיסֵי־ (construct plural)
כִּיסָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
כִּיסֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
כִּיסֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
כִּיסֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Cognate to Arabic كِيس (kīs), Aramaic כִּיסָא (kīsā), Akkadian 𒋢𒃻𒉌𒌓 (kīsum), Amharic ኪስ (kis).

ובכעסו

bishloshá d'varím adám nikár: b'khosó, b'khisó, uv'kha`asó

לֹא־יִהְיֶה לְךָ בְּכִיסְךָ אֶבֶן וָאָבֶן גְּדוֹלָה וּקְטַנָּה׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0525#כה_יג|25:13]], with translation of the King James Version:

Thou shalt not have in thy bag diverse weights, a great and a small.

loʔ-yihyɛ lə̆ḵɔ bə̆ḵisə̆ḵɔ ʔɛḇɛn wɔʔɔḇɛn gə̆ḏolɔ uqṭannɔ

הַזָּלִים זָהָב מִכִּיס וְכֶסֶף בַּקָּנֶה יִשְׁקֹלוּ יִשְׂכְּרוּ צוֹרֵף[…]

Tanach, Isaiah [[s:he:T1046#מו_ו|46:6]], with translation of the King James Version:

They lavish gold out of the bag, and weigh silver in the balance, and hire a goldsmith […]

hazzɔlim zɔhɔḇ mikkis wə̆ḵɛsɛp̄ baqqɔnɛ yišqólu yiškə̆ru ṣorep̄ […]

והמניחין כיס התפלין והטלית לתוך כיס אחת צריכין להיזהר שלא יניחו כיס התפלין למעלה[…]

1563, Joseph Karo, Shulchan Aruch, w:Orach Chayim, section 25, paragraph 1:

And those who put the tephillin and tallit bags together in one bag must take care not to place the tephilin bag on top […]

Vehamanikhín kís hatfilín vehatalít letókh kís akhát tsrikhím lehizahér sheló yaníkhu kís hatfilín lemála […]

(Biblical Hebrew, Mishnaic Hebrew, Medieval Hebrew) pouch, bag, purse


ביטחון

בִּטְחוֹנוֹת

בִּטְחוֹנוֹת־

ביטחון / בִּטָּחוֹן • (bitakhón) m (plural indefinite ביטחונות / בִּטְחוֹנוֹת, singular construct ביטחון / בִּטְחוֹן־, plural construct ביטחונות / בִּטְחוֹנוֹת־) [pattern: קִטָּלוֹן]

בִּטָּחוֹן (canonical)
bitakhón (romanization)
ביטחונות (indefinite plural)
בִּטְחוֹנוֹת (indefinite plural)
ביטחון (construct singular)
בִּטְחוֹן־ (construct singular)
ביטחונות (construct plural)
בִּטְחוֹנוֹת־ (construct plural)

(Medieval Hebrew, Modern Israeli Hebrew) trust in God

(Medieval Hebrew, Modern Israeli Hebrew) responsibility, guarantee, warranty


ישמעאל

he-proper noun

יִשְׁמָעֵאל • (yishma'él) m

יִשְׁמָעֵאל (canonical)
yishma'él (romanization)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰσμᾱήλ (Ismāḗl)

→ Greek: Ισμαήλ (Ismaḯl)

→ Latin: Ismael

→ French: Ismaël

→ Portuguese: Ismael

→ Spanish: Ismael

→ English: Ishmael

→ Italian: Ismaele

→ Russian: Измаи́л (Izmaíl)

From יִשְׁמַע (yishmá', yišmaʿ) + אֵל ('él, ʾēl), literally "God will listen".

compound

(Medieval Hebrew) the Muslim world, the Muslims


קיבוץ

he-noun

קיבוץ / קִבּוּץ • (kibútz) m (plural indefinite קיבוצים / קִבּוּצִים, singular construct קיבוץ / קִבּוּץ־, plural construct קיבוצי / קִבּוּצֵי־) [pattern: קִטּוּל]

קִבּוּץ (canonical)
kibútz (romanization)
קיבוצים (indefinite plural)
קִבּוּצִים (indefinite plural)
קיבוץ (construct singular)
קִבּוּץ־ (construct singular)
קיבוצי (construct plural)
קִבּוּצֵי־ (construct plural)
קִבּוּץ (alternative)

→ Dutch: kibboets

→ English: kibbutz

→ Polish: kibuc

→ Ukrainian: кібу́ц (kibúc)

From the root ק־ב־ץ (k-b-ts), relating to gathering, collections, contractions. Cognates include Ugaritic 𐎖𐎁𐎕 (qbṣ, “tribe”) and Aramaic קיבוץ (qybwṣ) from which it might have been borrowed. Appears in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Usage of the word with the meaning kibbutz commune, for which the word קְבוּצָה (k'vutzá) was originally used, began in the 1920s. See also קָבַץ (kaváts, “to gather, collect, assemble”) related to Arabic قَبَضَ (qabaḍa, “to collect”).

(Medieval Hebrew, medicine) flexion, spasm


תמך

he-verb

תָּמַךְ • (tamákh) (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נִתְמַךְ)

תָּמַךְ (canonical)
tamákh (romanization)
נִתְמַךְ (passive)
לתמוך
לִתְמֹךְ
תְּמִיכָה (noun-from-verb)
תָּמוּךְ (participle passive)
תָּמַכְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
תָּמַכְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
תָּמַכְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
תָּמַכְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
תְּמַכְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
תְּמַכְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
תָּמַךְ (masculine past singular third-person)
תָּמְכָה (feminine past singular third-person)
תָּמְכוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
תּוֹמֵךְ (masculine present singular)
תּוֹמֶכֶת (feminine present singular)
תּוֹמְכִים (masculine plural present)
תּוֹמְכוֹת (feminine plural present)
אתמוך (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶתְמֹךְ (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נתמוך (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִתְמֹךְ (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תתמוך (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּתְמֹךְ (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּתְמְכִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּתְמְכוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תתמוכנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּתְמֹכְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יתמוך (future masculine singular third-person)
יִתְמֹךְ (future masculine singular third-person)
תתמוך (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּתְמֹךְ (feminine future singular third-person)
יִתְמְכוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תתמוכנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּתְמֹכְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
תמוך (imperative masculine singular)
תְּמֹךְ (imperative masculine singular)
תִּמְכִי (feminine imperative singular)
תִּמְכוּ (imperative masculine plural)
תמוכנה (feminine imperative plural)
תְּמֹכְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

The noun sense is a Modern Hebrew innovation.
Even-Shoshan suggests a relation to סָמַךְ (samákh, “support”).

[…]סיני, שהשפיל את עצמו לומר שאני נמוך, ועל ידי כך תמך הקדוש ברוך הוא כבודו עליו[…]

[…] Sinai, who humbled itself saying that it is low, and for this the Holy One blessed be He laid his glory upon it […]

[…] Sinái shehishpíl et atsmó lomár she'aní namúkh, ve'ál yedéi khákh tamákh hakadósh barúkh hú kvodó aláv […]

(Medieval Hebrew, transitive) to place upon something, lay upon


לילית

he-noun

לִילִית • (lilít) f (plural indefinite לִילִיּוֹת)

לִילִית (canonical)
lilít (romanization)
לִילִיּוֹת (indefinite plural)

A loanword from Akkadian 𒊩𒆤𒇲 (lilû, lilītu), which is itself derived from Sumerian "lil", both referring to the goddess Lilith. See Lamashtu (Akkadian: 𒀭𒈕𒈨, Sumerian: Dimme), who some have identified as Lilith because of various mythological similarities.
For the Hebrew term for Lilith, the Semitic root l-l- (masculine noun meaning "night") is joined to the feminine suffix -t (see לַיְלָה (láylā, “night”)), which can cause the Hebrew term to literally translate to "lady of the night". A similar principle is true of the root word Akkadian 𒊩𒆤𒇲 (lilû, lilītu) as well. There seems to be a wordplay and/or etymological connection in both the Hebrew and the Akkadian between the name "Lilith" and the title "lady of the night". This interestingly adds to the narrative in the Akkadian myths about Lilītu, where she has no husband, and strolls about searching for men in order to ensnare them and enters their houses through the window like the wind, then flees out the window as the wind. The title "lady of the night" would imply that Lilith does these things spoken of in the myths, during the night. The wordplay/etymology being present in Akkadian would provide evidence that the mythological being Lilith or Lilītu, was perceived as "a lady of the night". And it seems that Hebrew has captured this idea as well, in its own technical way unique to its language. So the Hebrew term can perhaps mean "Lilith, the lady of the night".

(specifically) tawny owl (any of species Strix aluco of strigid owls, of Europe, western Asia, and the Middle East)


כפייה

כפייה / כְּפִיָּה • (kfiyá) f [pattern: קְטִילָה]

כְּפִיָּה (canonical)
kfiyá (romanization)


אשכנז

he-proper noun

אַשְׁכְּנַז • (ashk'náz) m

אַשְׁכְּנַז (canonical)
ashk'náz (romanization)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀσχανάζ (Askhanáz)

→ Yiddish: אַשכּנז (áshkenaz)

(Medieval Hebrew) a medieval region of Central Europe, centered on the Rhineland, in modern Germany


התעלם

he-verb

הִתְעַלֵּם • (hiṯʿallēm, hit'além) (hitpa'el construction)

הִתְעַלֵּם (canonical)
hiṯʿallēm (romanization)
hit'além (romanization)
לְהִתְעַלֵּם
הִתְעַלְּמוּת (noun-from-verb)
הִתְעַלַּמְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
הִתְעַלַּמְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
הִתְעַלַּמְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
הִתְעַלַּמְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
הִתְעַלַּמְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
הִתְעַלַּמְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
הִתְעַלֵּם (masculine past singular third-person)
הִתְעַלְּמָה (feminine past singular third-person)
הִתְעַלְּמוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
מִתְעַלֵּם (masculine present singular)
מִתְעַלֶּמֶת (feminine present singular)
מִתְעַלְּמִים (masculine plural present)
מִתְעַלְּמוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶתְעַלֵּם (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִתְעַלֵּם (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּתְעַלֵּם (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּתְעַלְּמִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּתְעַלְּמוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּתְעַלֵּמְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִתְעַלֵּם (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּתְעַלֵּם (feminine future singular third-person)
יִתְעַלְּמוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּתְעַלֵּמְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
הִתְעַלֵּם (imperative masculine singular)
הִתְעַלְּמִי (feminine imperative singular)
הִתְעַלְּמוּ (imperative masculine plural)
הִתְעַלֵּמְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

לֹא־תִרְאֶה אֶת־חֲמוֹר אָחִיךָ אוֹ שׁוֹרוֹ נֹפְלִים בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ מֵהֶם הָקֵם תָּקִים עִמּוֹ׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0522#כב_ד|22:4]], with translation of the King James Version:

Thou shalt not see thy brother’s ass or his ox fall down by the way, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt surely help him to lift them up again.

lōʾ-ṯirʾê ʾeṯ-ḥămôr ʾāḥî́ḵā ʾô šôrô nōp̄əlîm baddéreḵ wəhiṯʿallámtā mēhem hāqēm tāqîm ʿimmô

הַקֹּדְרִים מִנִּי־קָרַח עָלֵימוֹ יִתְעַלֶּם־שָׁלֶג׃

Tanach, Job [[s:he:T2706#ו_טז|6:16]], with translation of the King James Version:

Which are blackish by reason of the ice, and wherein the snow is hid.

haqqōḏərîm minnî-qāraḥ ʿālêmô yiṯʿallem-šā́leḡ

אָנָּא אֵלִי, מַחְמַד לִבִּי,
חוּשָׁה נָא וְאַל תִּתְעַלֵּם.

1601, Elazar ben Moshe Azikri, Yedid Nefesh, lines 17–18:

Please, God of mine, love of my heart,
Hurry, please, nor hide yourself.

ʾānnāʾ ʾēlî, maḥmaḏ libbî,
ḥû́šâ nāʾ wəʾal tiṯʿallēm.

[…]שהוא מתעלם ומסתתר ואינו מגלה הדר כבודו, ומדת הארת הפנים׃
[…] shehú mit'além umistatér ve'einó megalé hadár kvodó, umidát he'arát hapaním.

c.''' 1740, Moshe Chaim Luzzatto, Da'at Tevunoth, section 130

[…] that He, hidden and occult, does not reveal the splendour of His glory and the measure of the illumination of His countenance.

(Biblical Hebrew, Mishnaic Hebrew, Medieval Hebrew) to hide oneself


אצטרובל

he-noun

אִצְטְרֻבָּל

אצטרובל / אִצְטְרֻבָּל • (itstrubál) m

tlb

(Mishnaic Hebrew, Medieval Hebrew, Modern Israeli Hebrew)

אִצְטְרֻבָּל (canonical)
itstrubál (romanization)

Borrowed Ancient Greek στρόβιλος (stróbilos).


מצחף

he-noun

מִצְחָף • (mitskháf) m (plural indefinite מִצְחָפִים, singular construct מִצְחַף־, plural construct מִצְחֲפֵי־)

מִצְחָף (canonical)
mitskháf (romanization)
מִצְחָפִים (indefinite plural)
מִצְחַף־ (construct singular)
מִצְחֲפֵי־ (construct plural)

Borrowed from Arabic مُصْحَف (muṣḥaf), from Ge'ez መጽሐፍ (mäṣḥäf).

(Medieval Hebrew, Modern Israeli Hebrew) A codex of the Bible (as a book rather than a scroll).


מסה

he-verb

מָסָה • (masá) (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נִמְסָה)

מָסָה (canonical)
masá (romanization)
נִמְסָה (passive)
לִמְסוֹת
מְסִיָּה (noun-from-verb)
מָסוּי (participle passive)
מָסִיתִי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
מָסִינוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
מָסִיתָ (masculine past second-person singular)
מָסִית (feminine past second-person singular)
מְסִיתֶם (masculine past plural second-person)
מְסִיתֶן (feminine past plural second-person)
מָסָה (masculine past singular third-person)
מָסְתָה (feminine past singular third-person)
מָסוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
מוֹסֶה (masculine present singular)
מוֹסָה (feminine present singular)
מוֹסִים (masculine plural present)
מוֹסוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶמְסֶה (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִמְסֶה (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּמְסֶה (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּמְסִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּמְסוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּמְסֶינָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִמְסֶה (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּמְסֶה (feminine future singular third-person)
יִמְסוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּמְסֶינָה (feminine future plural third-person)
מְסֵה (imperative masculine singular)
מְסִי (feminine imperative singular)
מְסוּ (imperative masculine plural)
מְסֶינָה (feminine imperative plural)

Cognate to Classical Syriac ܡܣܵܐ (məsāʾ, “to decay”), Aramaic מְסָא (“to melt”). See the root for more.

cog

זֶה יִסְפּוֹד בְּחִיל לֵבָב יִמְסֶה

13th C., Yechiel of Paris, וְאֶת נָוִי חַטָּאתִי:

(Medieval Hebrew, intransitive, rare) to melt, dissolve


נאץ

he-noun

נַאַץ • (ná'ats) m (no plural forms, singular construct נַאַץ־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

נַאַץ (canonical)
ná'ats (romanization)
נַאַץ־ (construct singular)

תְּנַקֶּה נַאַץ נִיבּוּלֵינוּ / תִּימְחֶה מוֹקְשֵׁי מַעֲשֵׂינוּ

c. 500 CE, Yanai, liturgy for Yom Kippur; edited and published in מנחם זולאי [Menahem Zulay], editor, פיוטי יניי [Piyuté Yanái, Piyutim of Yanai], Berlin: Shocken, 1938, page 324 (שכד):

You will purify the blasphemy of our filth,
Wipe out the obstacles of our deeds.

(Medieval Hebrew, poetic, rare) contempt or blasphemy


תופת

תופת / תֹּפֶת • (tófet) m (no plural forms)

→ English: Tophet, Topheth

From the name of a place (Tophet), near Jerusalem in the Valley of Hinnom, where ritual sacrifice is thought to have been preformed, a metonymy.


אסטניס

אסטניס / אִסְטְנִיס • (istnís) m

אִסְטְנִיס (canonical)
istnís (romanization)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀσθενής (asthenḗs). Cognate to English asthenic.

רָחַץ לַיְלָה הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁמֵּתָה אִשְׁתּוֹ. אָמְרוּ לוֹ תַלְמִידָיו, ״לֹא לִמַּדְתָּנוּ, רַבֵּנוּ, שֶׁאָבֵל אָסוּר לִרְחֹץ!?״ .אָמַר לָהֶם, ״אֵינִי כִשְׁאָר כָּל אָדָם, אִסְטְנִיס אָנִי.״

a. 217 C.E., Mishnah. Berachot, section 2.6:

He washed the first night after his wife died. His students said to him, "Didn't you teach us, rabbi, that a mourner is forbidden from washing!?" He said to them, "I'm not like everyone else. I'm a delicate person."

Raḥáts láyla ha-rishón she-metá ishtó. Amrú lo talmidáv, "Lo limadtánu, rabénu, she-avél asúr lirḥotz!?" Amár lahém, "Einí khi-sh'ar kol adám, isṭnis áni."

וְאוֹתוֹ תַּלְמִיד אִיסְטְנִיס הָיָה, וְלֹא רָצָה לִשְׁתּוֹת, וּמֵת בַּצָּמָא

a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud. Tamid, 27b:

And that student was a squeamish person and did not want to drink, and died of thirst.

v-otó talmíd isṭnis hayá, v-lo ratzá lishtót, u-mét ba-tzamá.

finicky or squeamish person, someone delicate or oversensitive to physical discomfort