abet

id-noun

abet (usually uncountable, plural abet-abet)

Borrowed from Betawi abet, from Balinese ᬳᬩᭂᬢ᭄ (abet, “behavior, manner”).


lu

From Betawi Udik lo (“you”), from Hokkien 汝 (lú). Doublet of lo.

(chiefly Jakarta, slang) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


nembak

(Medan, Jakarta, slang) to eat without paying the bill


abang

From Malay abang, from Classical Malay ابڠ (abang), from Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ (*aba + *-ŋ), *aba (“father”).

Umur abang saya lebih besar tiga tahun.

My elder brother is three years older than me.

Nanti malam aku akan ke rumah abang.

Tonight, I will go to my elder brother's house.

(literally or figuratively, chiefly Sumatra, West Kalimantan and Jakarta) elder brother

chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta; chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta


tong

From Betawi tong (“boy”):
* from Betawi kontong, kontol, from Javanese ꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦭ꧀ (konthol, “penis”).
* from Hokkien 童 (tâng/tông). Clipping of Hokkien 兒童／儿童 (jî-tông).

zh-l

兒童／儿童 (jî-tông)

(dialect, Jakarta) term of address for little boys


lo

Borrowed from Betawi Kota lo (“you”), from Hokkien 汝 (lú). Doublet of lu.

Oke, kalau lo baper, yuk cabut.


kakak

From Malay kakak (“older sister”), from Classical Malay kakak, from Proto-Malayic *kakaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaka, from Proto-Austronesian *kaka.
* For sense of older brother, semantic loan from Hokkien 哥哥 (ko-ko, “older brother”) and semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀ (kakang, kaka, kakak).
* For sense of form of address to husband in marital relationship, semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀ (kakang, kaka, kakak).

sl

ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀

ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀

(literally or figuratively, chiefly Jakarta and Java) older brother

(chiefly Jakarta) a general form of address, typically to an older person (but applicable to same age groups)


aye

Borrowed from Betawi ayè. Doublet of saya.

(Jakarta, colloquial) First-person singular pronoun: I, me, my


-in

head

-in (non-active/imperative/basic -in, active nge- -in, passive di- -in)

tlb

(colloquial, dialectal, originally Jakarta)

Borrowed from Betawi -in, from Balinese -in.

beli (“to buy”) → beliin (“to buy (for)”)

bikin (“to make”) → bikinin (“to make (for)”)

used to form benefactive aspect on a verb

liat (“to see”) → liatin (“to look”)

denger (“to hear”) → dengerin (“to listen”)

besar (“big”) → besarin (“to make big; to enlarge; to raise”)

panjang (“long”) → panjangin (“to make long; to extend”)

naik (“to go up”) (intransitive) → naikin (“to go up”) (transitive)

ketawa (“to laugh”) → ketawain (“to laugh at”)


adat

From Betawi adat or Javanese ꦔꦢꦠ꧀ (ngadat, “troublesome”, literally “habit”), cf. the same etymology as above.

der

(of vehicles, chiefly Jakarta) to stop to work, to have mechanical failure


abas

Blend of anak (“kid”) + basket (“basketball”).

blend

(chiefly Jakarta, school slang) basketball team member


elo

(Jakarta, slang) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


ari

stable (a building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) ungulates, especially horses)


ari

(transitive) to tether (to restrict with, or as if, with a tether)


ari

Unknown, probably learned borrowing from Sanskrit हरि (hari, “a snake”).

lbor

ellipsis of ular ari (“a kind of snake”)


deh

Borrowed from Betawi Kota dèh, from Betawi udè, udah (perfective marker). Doublet of sudah and udah.

Iya, deh, aku yang salah.

Kayaknya bukan kamu, deh.

Karena kita telat, jadi kelewatan, deh.

Because we're late, we missed it, unfortunately.

(Jakarta, colloquial) adds emphasis at the end of a phrase or a sentence


utas

senior high school
senior high school#English

(Jakarta, back slang, school slang) first year (of a senior high school)

back slang; school slang; back slang; school slang


gua

wa (alternative Internet)
gw (alternative Internet)

From Betawi Udik gua (“I, me, my”), from Hokkien 我 (góa, “I, me, my”). Doublet of gue.

(Jakarta, casual or informal) First-person singular pronoun: I, me, my


pelan

Uncertain, probably from Dutch plein (“square, plaza”).

(Jakarta) plaza; square (an open area used for gathering in a city)


loe

(chiefly Jakarta, slang, 1901–1947) obsolete spelling of lu


cabo

(chiefly Jakarta, vulgar) prostitute; whore


padan

id-adj

padan (comparative lebih padan, superlative paling padan)

lebih padan (comparative)
paling padan (superlative)

Unknown, probably borrowed from Betawi [Term?]


gue

From Betawi Kota guè (“I, me, my”), from Hokkien 我 (góa, “I, me, my”). Doublet of gua.

Gue kagak sangka njir.

(Jakarta, colloquial) (First-person singular pronoun): I, me, my


bandel

bandêl (comparative lebih bandel, superlative paling bandel)

bandêl (canonical)
lebih bandel (comparative)
paling bandel (superlative)

From Javanese ꦧꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦭ꧀, ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦭ꧀ (bandel, bandhel, “obstinate, stubborn; undisciplined, disobedient; brave”), probably from Old Javanese waṅhĕl (“braced up, obstinate”), waṅal.

bor

ꦧꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦭ꧀, ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦭ꧀

der

(chiefly Jakarta) durable (of automobile or motorcycle engine)


agit

(Jakarta, back slang, school slang) third year (of a senior high school)


bibi

(chiefly Jakarta, derogatory) female servant; maid


bianglala

From Betawi bianglala, from Balinese ᬩᬶᬬᬗ᭄ᬮᬮᬄ (bianglalah, “rainbow”).

(Jakarta, now rare) rainbow (multicoloured arch in the sky)


es teh

Calque of Dutch ijsthee as es (“ice”) + teh (“tea”).

(chiefly Jakarta) unsweet, unsweetened, plain variant

iced tea
unsweet, unsweetened, plain variant


bacai

head

bacai (active membacai, passive dibacai)

(Jakarta, uncommon) synonym of sindir (“to make fun of”)


cewek

céwék (canonical)
cewek-cewek (plural)
cewe (alternative)
ciwi (alternative)
cwek (alternative)

(colloquial, originally Jakarta) young girl


demen

Borrowed from Betawi demen, from Balinese demen, from Old Javanese *ḍĕmĕn.


gim

From Betawi gim, from Hokkien 金 (kim, “gold”).


bilangan

Inherited from Malay bilangan. Equivalent to bilang + -an. Compare to Maranao bilangan (“calendar”), Tagalog bilangan (“counting (of ballots, votes, etc.”)

cog

(colloquial, chiefly Jakarta) neighborhood, district or city


pondok

→ Hokkien: 盆洛 (phûn-lo̍k)

From Malay pondok, from Classical Malay pondok, from Arabic فُنْدُق (funduq, “hotel”), from Ancient Greek πανδοκεῖον (pandokeîon). The sense “hut” is a semantic loan from Betawi pondok. The sense “Islamic school” is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦥꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (pondhok).


bengal

id-adj

bêngal (comparative lebih bengal, superlative paling bengal)

bêngal (canonical)
lebih bengal (comparative)
paling bengal (superlative)

From Malay bengal, from Old Javanese waṅal (“obstinate, daring”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer [Term?].


kosen

id-adj

kosèn (comparative lebih kosen, superlative paling kosen)

kosèn (canonical)
lebih kosen (comparative)
paling kosen (superlative)

From Betawi kosèn (“brave, immune, potent”), from Hokkien 高尚 (ko-siāng, “noble; refined”).


lenca

lênca (canonical)
lenca-lenca (plural)
leunca (alternative)

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

(Banten, West Java, Jakarta) synonym of ranti (“Solanum nigrum”)


martabak

From Malay martabak, from Arabic مُطَبَّق (muṭabbaq, “folded”).

martabak manis
martabak manis#Indonesian

(Jakarta) ellipsis of martabak manis (“a common dessert of folded stuffed pancake with varied textures from one that is akin to a crispier form of crumpets to small thin light pancake shells that break when bitten”)


ogah

ogah (comparative lebih ogah, superlative paling ogah)

lebih ogah (comparative)
paling ogah (superlative)


ogah

(chiefly Jakarta, informal) no! (rejecting something)


ngerti

Unadapted borrowing from Javanese ngerti. Equivalent to meng- + erti.


dangkal

id-adj

dangkal (comparative lebih dangkal, superlative paling dangkal)

lebih dangkal (comparative)
paling dangkal (superlative)

(dialect, Jakarta) infertile (of land), barren

(dialect, Jakarta) unfinished, incomplete


ogut

Initially from a comedian Ogud Tomtam whom frequently refer himself by ogut.

(Jakarta, dated) First-person singular pronoun: I, me, my


angkong

Ultimately from Hokkien 尪公 (ang-kong, “drawing of a person”), probably via Betawi angkong.

der

(Jakarta) a gambling game played with three cards


borang

From Betawi borang, from Javanese ꦧꦺꦴꦫꦁ (borang, “bobby trap of sharpened bamboo”). Doublet of berak, boker.

(Jakarta) mine (a device intended to explode when stepped upon or touched, or when approached by a ship, vehicle, or person)


kongko

From Hokkien 講古／讲古 (kóng-kó͘, “to tell stories”) or 講座／讲座 (kóng-cho, “seminar, lecture, course”).


comblang

From Xiamen Hokkien 作媒人 (tsoh-m̂-lâng, “matchmaker”) of 作 (chò, “to do”) + 媒 (m, “matchmaker, to introduce”) + 人 (lâng, “person”).


pramudi

(neologism, Jakarta) driver: a person who drives a Transjakarta bus


martabak manis

id-noun

martabak manis (plural martabak-martabak manis)

From martabak (“murtabak”) + manis (“sweet”), literally “sweet murtabak”.

compound

(Southern Sumatra, Banten, West Java, Jakarta, Yogyakarta) synonym of terang bulan (“apam balik”)


langkan

langkan-langkan (plural)
kan (alternative)


kerupuk

Borrowed from Betawi kerupuk, from Javanese ꦏꦿꦸꦥꦸꦏ꧀ (krupuk).


segitu

(colloquial, chiefly Jakarta) alternative form of sebegitu


caplok

(Java, Jakarta) to grab with jaws or swallow (e.g. of crocodiles)


beceng

From Betawi bècèng, from Hokkien 馬銃 /马铳 (bé-chhèng, “carbine”).


selepetan

sêlêpètan (canonical)
selepetan-selepetan (plural)


kocokin

head

kocokin (active ngocokin, passive dikocokin)


sok-sokan

From sok + -an with the base word reduplicated.

Lu jangan sok-sokan bisa ngelawan gue!

Don't you be pretentious that you can fight me!

(colloquial, dialectal, especially Jakarta) pretentious


sepongin

sêpongin (active nyepongin, passive disepongin)

sêpongin (canonical)
nyepongin (active)
disepongin (passive)

(transitive, slang, vulgar) to suck, to fellate


colmekin

colmekin (active ngecolmekin or nyolmekin, passive dicolmekin)

ngecolmekin (active)
nyolmekin (active)
dicolmekin (passive)


nongkrong

From Javanese nongkrong. Equivalent to nge- + tongkrong.

(colloquial) alternative form of menongkrong


teleponan

telponan (alternative)
telefonan (alternative)
telfonan (alternative)

(colloquial, intransitive, also reciprocal) to call, to telephone (to contact by telephone)


bobok-bobok siang

(slang, euphemistic, originally Jakarta, dated) to making love with a prostitute or adulterer in a hotel at noontime usually during lunch break


jatah mantan

(slang, originally Jakarta) to making love with ex-girlfriend or ex-boyfriend before marriage, usually days before, often without using condoms


cacap

id-verb

cacap (active mencacap, passive dicacap)