HTML

Hypertext Markup Language
Hypertext Markup Language#English

Initialism of Hypertext Markup Language.


VB

(computer languages) Initialism of Visual Basic.


SQL

Structured Query Language
w:Structured Query Language

(computer languages, databases) Initialism of Structured Query Language.

SQL

pronounced эс-ку-э́ль (es-ku-élʹ) or эс-кью-э́л (es-kʹju-él)


ES

Work is underway, though, on the next generation of ES, appropriately named ES.Next (ECMA-262 Edition 6), but commonly referred to as ES 6. / As consensus is reached on new ES features, they’re added to the existing draft specification. They’re also listed in ES compatibility tables, such as the ones Mozilla incorporates in much of its documentation, and the exceedingly helpful ECMAScript 6 Compatibility Table.

2015, Shelley Powers, JavaScript Cookbook: Programming the Web, 2nd edition, Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly Media, Inc., →ISBN, page 41:

Several implementations of ES exist, for example, JavaScript, JScript, and Nashorn JavaScript.

2018, Kishori Sharan, Java APIs, Extensions and Libraries: With JavaFX, JDBC, jmod, jlink, Networking, and the Process API, 2nd edition, Apress, →ISBN, page 652:

If you open the tsconfig.json file in the project root folder, you can check which ES version is used in building your application and which ES version is used to target your browser.

2019, Jack Xu, Practical Multiple-Page Apps with ASP.NET Core and Angular Elements: Building Modern Multiple-Page Web Applications Using ASP.NET Core Razor Pages, Angular Elements, WebPack, RXJS, and Mini-SPAs, New York, N.Y.: UniCAD Publishing, →ISBN, page 31:

(computer languages) Initialism of ECMAScript.


ML

The Curry and Church approaches to typed lambda calculus correspond to two paradigms in programming. In the first of these a program may be written without typing at all. Then a compiler should check whether a type can be assigned to the program. This will be the case if the program is correct. A well-known example of such a language is ML, see Milner (1984). The style of typing is called 'implicit typing'. The other paradigm in programming is called 'explicit typing' and corresponds to the Church version of typed lambda calculi. Here a program should be written together with its type. For these languages type-checking is usually easier, since no types have to be constructed. Examples of such languages are ALGOL 68 and PASCAL. Some authors designate the Curry systems as 'lambda calculi with type assignment and the Church systems as 'systems of typed lambda calculus'.

1991 December 20, Henk P. Barendregt, “Lambda Calculi With Types”, in ftp.cs.ru.nl^([ftp://ftp.cs.ru.nl/pub/CompMath.Found/HBK.ps]), retrieved 2012-07-15:

(computer languages) Initialism of MetaLanguage (“the ML programming language”).


CSS

en-noun

CSS (countable and uncountable, plural CSSs or CSSes)

Confederate States
Confederate States#English

(historical, nautical, military) Initialism of Confederate States Ship (the designation for a commissioned warship operated by the Confederate States Navy).


XML

'XmL_3rr0R~/?$-HELP.i.am.trapped.in.the.newsbar!.^'

(Can we date this quote?), Ndemic Creations, Plague Inc., Android, scene: News item:

Extensible Markup Language
Extensible Markup Language#English

(computer languages, file format) Initialism of Extensible Markup Language, a flexible text format for creating structured computer documents in machine-readable form.


XML

XML (canonical)
ekkusuemueru (romanization)

[e̞k̚kɯ̟sɨe̞mɯ̟e̞ɾɯ̟]


XHTML

Extensible Hypertext Markup Language
w:Extensible Hypertext Markup Language

Initialism of Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, a reformulation of HTML as an XML application.


APL

(computer language): From the book A Programming Language (1962).

The language APL presents a number of novel problems for a compiler writer: weak variable typing, run time changes in variable shape, and a host of primitive operations, among others.

1988, Timothy Budd, An APL Compiler, Springer, →ISBN, page 1:

programming language
programming language

(computer languages) An early programming language using mathematically derived symbols for many of its operations.


PHP

Originally an initialism of personal home page, used to describe a set of tools written by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995. With the advent of PHP 3 which was no longer a limited language it was renamed to a recursive backronym: PHP: hypertext preprocessor.

(computer languages) A scripting language widely used to write Web applications.


ABC

(computer languages) An imperative general-purpose programming language, intended for teaching or prototyping.


Java

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦮ (jawa), possibly from Sanskrit यव-द्वीप (yava-dvīpa, “island of barley”), used in reference to the coffee grown on Java and nearby islands since at least 1850. The programming language (initially called Oak) is a reference to java, the blend of coffee from the island.

der

(computer languages) An object-oriented, garbage-collected computer programming language.

1996 October 6, Timothy Litwiller, “HOW TO MAKE A JAVA ALERT POP UP ON LOAD”, in comp.lang.javascript (Usenet):

In the input tag I include the onBlur="myfunction()" which checks if the field is filled (displays an alert if necessary and resets the focus). If I leave the first field I get an java alert which says that field two should have a value and then a java alert which says that field one should have a value and then a java... get the picture ?

1996 December 10, Cédric Bouckaert, “onBlur event handler with input fields”, in comp.lang.javascript (Usenet):

1997 January 7, Kenneth Roddy, “Java Alert Messages When Netscape Home Page Loads”, in comp.infosystems.www.browsers.ms-windows (Usenet):

I created an alert window using java script, but I found the fonts too small. Is there a way of controling font size and style when java alert window opens.

1997 February 18, AG, “alert...is there a way of controling font size and style when java alert window opens”, in comp.lang.javascript (Usenet):

2003 April 8, mpaulopes, “Passing values to a Java popup windows”, in macromedia.coldfusion.cfml_general_discussion (Usenet):

(computer languages, proscribed) JavaScript (by confusion with Java).


Java

de-proper noun

Java n (proper noun, strong, genitive Javas)


Java

Java (nominative singular)
Javy (genitive singular)
Javie (dative singular)
Javę (accusative singular)
Javą (instrumental singular)
Javie (locative singular)
Javo (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Java, from Javanese ꦗꦮ (jawa), possibly from Sanskrit यव-द्वीप (yava-dvīpa).


Python

From Ancient Greek Πύθων (Púthōn), from Πῡθώ (Pūthṓ), the early name of Delphi, from πύθω (púthō, “to rot, to decay”).
The programming language is named after Monty Python.

Here Apollo killed a serpent called the Python, and established a great prophetic shrine. Sometimes it is said that the Titaness Themis had the shrine before him, and this, as well as the killing of the Python, suggests that Apollo took over a place already of religious significance, associated with chthonic (i.e., earth) powers.

1995, Gordon MacDonald Kirkwood, A Short Guide to Classical Mythology, page 11:

It would seem, therefore, that what we have on the Phasian phiale is the Python coiled round the omphalos.[…]Paintings on Greek pottery and coins have preserved many an example of gods seated on an omphalos, including those of Apollo, Nike, Asclepius and others.⁴¹³ Python on the omphalos must have carried some symbolic meaning.

2000, Otar Lordkipanidze, Phasis: The River and City in Colchis, page 70:

Python, says Bailey, is derived from Putho to putrify, and the serpent Python being slain by Apollo, is thus interpreted: by Python is understood the ruin of the waters; Apollo slew this serpent with his arrows; that is, the beams of the sun dispersed the noxious vapours, which destroyed man like a devouring serpent.

2005, M. A. Dwight, Taylor Lewis, Grecian and Roman Mythology, page 183:

(Greek mythology) The earth-dragon of Delphi, represented as a serpent, killed by Apollo.

(computing) An interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language invented by Guido van Rossum.


Python

John Cleese is perhaps the best-known of the Pythons.

(informal) Any member of the comedy troupe Monty Python: Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones or Michael Palin.


Python

Python n (proper noun, strong, genitive Pythons)

Pythons (genitive)
Python (nominative singular)
Pythons (genitive singular)
Python (dative singular)
Python (accusative singular)


Delphi

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δελφοί (Delphoí).

(rare) A female given name from Ancient Greek, as well a diminutive of Delphine.

A city, the county seat of Carroll County, Indiana, United States.

A programming language dialect based on Pascal.


awk

Alfred Aho
Brian Kernighan
Peter J. Weinberger

From the initial letters of the surnames of its authors: Alfred Aho, Peter J. Weinberger, and Brian Kernighan.

I used C, Perl, the Bourne shell, and some awk and tcl to implement these projects.

One thing awk is good for is picking out and possibly rearranging columns within command output.

2002, Æleen Frisch, Essential System Administration: Tools and Techniques for Linux and Unix Administration, 3rd edition, O'Reilly, →ISBN, page 77:

command line interface
command line interface

(computer languages) A Unix scripting language for text processing, or the command line interface itself.


assembler

en-noun

assembler (countable and uncountable, plural assemblers)

I wrote that program in assembler.

(computer languages, informal, chiefly uncountable) Assembly language.

асемблер

program that converts assembly language to machine code


assembler

assembler (nominative singular)
assemblery (nominative plural)
assemblera (genitive singular)
assemblerów (genitive plural)
assemblerowi (dative singular)
assemblerom (dative plural)
assembler (accusative singular)
assemblery (accusative plural)
assemblerem (instrumental singular)
assemblerami (instrumental plural)
assemblerze (locative singular)
assemblerach (locative plural)
assemblerze (singular vocative)
assemblery (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English assembler.

ubor

(computer languages, countable or uncountable) alternative spelling of asembler


assembly language

en-noun

assembly language (countable and uncountable, plural assembly languages)

A skilled programmer can write very fast code in assembly language.

(computer languages) A programming language in which the source code of programs is composed of mnemonic instructions, each of which corresponds directly to a machine instruction for a particular processor.


Haskell

* The programming language is named after American logician Haskell Curry (1900–1982).
* As an English surname, from the Middle English personal name Askell, from Old Norse Áskell. Compare Axtell, Askin, Haskin, Hasty, Astin.
* As a surname in the Isle of Man, a variant of Castell, itself related to the above.
* As a Jewish surname, from Khaskl, a Yiddish form of Yeḥezqel, see Ezekiel.

named-after

Hascall (alternative)
Heiskell (alternative)

By default, Haskell uses an execution strategy called lazy evaluation. Under laziness, an expression is never evaluated until it is needed for the evaluation of a larger one.

2014, Alejandro Serrano Mena, Beginning Haskell: A Project-Based Approach, Apress, →ISBN, page 5:

(computer languages) A general-purpose purely functional programming language with support for recursive functions and pattern matching.


assembly

en-noun

assembly (countable and uncountable, plural assemblies)

From Middle English assemblee, from Anglo-Norman asemblee (Old French asemblee, French assemblée). By surface analysis, assemble + -y.

assembly language
assembly language#English

(computing) Ellipsis of assembly language.

assembly-kieli

short for assembly language — see also assembly language


COBOL

Acronym of common business-oriented language, perhaps coined by American computer scientist and aerospace engineer Bob Bemer.

coin

The problem in COBOL is that, while there exists a standard COBOL, ANS (American National Standard) COBOL, no computer manufacturer offers a COBOL compiler that is both full and pure ANS.

1973, Russell M. Armstrong, Modular Programming in COBOL, Wiley-Interscience:

A programming language developed in the late 1950s especially for business applications.


BASIC

Acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, but designed to spell out basic (i.e. simplistic). First use appears c. 1964 in the BASIC Instruction Manual.

Many programs were written for the Sinclair Spectrum computer in BASIC.

Any of a family of third-generation programming languages.


VBA

Visual Basic for Applications
w:Visual Basic for Applications

(computing) Initialism of Visual Basic for Applications.


interpreted

/ɪnˈtɜːpɹɪtɪd/

(of computer languages or code) Executed directly, rather than via a compiled binary representation.


FORTRAN

The brothers wrote the machine’s application software in FORTRAN, a programming language that is “a dinosaur from the late fifties,” Gregory said, adding, “There is always new life in this dinosaur.”

1992 March 2, Richard Preston, “The Mountains of Pi”, in The New Yorker:

Alternative letter-case form of Fortran, particularly its early forms.


Ajax

THE road north took us to Ajax, Louisiana, more of a crossroads than an actual town. The RV park sat just a minute or so from the interstate and miles from much else; a saw mill near the highway and a diner across the road were the only...

2016, Suzi Parron, Following the Barn Quilt Trail, Ohio University Press, →ISBN:

unincorporated community
unincorporated community

Natchitoches Parish
Natchitoches Parish#English

An unincorporated community in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana.


Ada

Short form of Germanic names beginning with adal (“noble”), such as Adelaide. Also Latinized form of Hebrew Adah. The programming language takes its name from Ada Lovelace.

If anything, Ada is actually fairly easy to learn. The syntax is so explicit, that it is much more difficult to misunderstand what the code is doing than in C/C++.

2019, Andrew T. Shvets, Beginning Ada Programming: From Novice to Professional, Apress, →ISBN, page 11:

(computer languages) An object-oriented programming language extended from Pascal and other languages.

A number of places in the United States:

A city, the county seat of Norman County, Minnesota.

A township in Dickey County, North Dakota.

Sheboygan County
Sheboygan County#English

An unincorporated community in the town of Herman, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin.


B

Possibly a contraction of BCPL (“Basic Combined Programming Language”), the name of a programming language from which B was derived. Dennis Ritchie (a coworker of B’s designer, Ken Thompson) speculated that B might be based on Bon (the name of an earlier, but unrelated, programming language that Thompson designed for use on Multics), itself either from Bonnie (the name of Thompson’s wife) or “(according to an encyclopedia quotation in its manual), after a religion whose rituals involve the murmuring of magic formulas”.

(computer languages) A programming language from which C is derived.


Bash

Short for Bourne-again shell, a pun on the name of the Bourne shell, an earlier Unix shell designed by Stephen R. Bourne, and the Christian concept of being "born again".

Baŝo

computing: command interpreter for operating systems

(computer languages) The scripting language provided with this interpreter.


Basic

Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

A family of third-generation computer programming languages (c.1964 on).


C

The programming language is so named because it followed on from an earlier language called B.

(British) Head of the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6).


D

From the position (4) of the letter D in the English alphabet.

(computer languages) A programming language inspired from C++.


Elm

Elm as a language can be seen from different angles. The main purpose of the language and the platform is to create web applications.

2018, Wolfgang Loder, Web Applications with Elm […] , Apress, →ISBN, page 42:

(computer languages) A functional programming language for creating web applications.


Forth

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire#English

A village in South Lanarkshire council area, Scotland (OS grid ref NS9453).


Fortran

A variant capitalization of FORTRAN (formally adopted with Fortran 90 in 1991), a blend of formula + translator or formula + translation.

He was the defiant homesteader, the crusty senior member of a research team who understood Algol and Fortran but couldn't read the secrets of his own heart.

In addition to the Fortran operators that are intrinsic (built in), there may be user-defined operators in expressions.

1997, Jeanne C. Adams, Walter S. Brainerd, Jeanne T. Martin, Brian T. Smith, Jerrold L. Wagener, Fortran 95 Handbook: Complete ISO/ANSI Reference, MIT Press, →ISBN, page 192:

(computer languages) A high-level programming language first developed in the 1950s for scientific, engineering, and numerical computation.


Go

From go, likely with reference to the first two letters of Google.

Despite the lower priority placed on features, Go isn't a static, unchanging language. New features are adopted slowly, after much discussion and experimentation. Since the initial release of Go 1.0, there have been significant changes to the patterns that define idiomatic Go.

2021, Jon Bodner, Learning Go, O'Reilly, →ISBN, page 327:

(computer languages) A compiled, garbage-collected, concurrent programming language developed by Google.


Linda

Latinised short form of Germanic compound names ending in -lind, -linde (“tender, soft”) (English -inda), such as Sieglinde and Dietlinde, and earlier names such as Old High German Irmilinda and Old Dutch Frithelind, from Proto-Germanic *linþaz (“gentle, mild”), whence also Old English līþe (“gentle, mild, pliable, limber”) (English lithe). Later misassociated with unrelated Spanish linda (“beautiful”). The name became known through 19th century literature and the opera Linda di Chamounix (1842). More at lithe.
The coordination language is named after Linda Lovelace, a reference to the programming language Ada, itself named after Ada Lovelace.

cog

The aim of this paper is to analyse the concept of extending the parallel logic programming paradigm with Linda-like operations, thus facilitating distributed data storage, access and management.

2012, Evan Tick, Giancarlo Succi, editors, Implementations of Logic Programming Systems, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 43:

(computer languages) A coordination language for parallel computing environments.


Lisp

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence

A functional programming language with a distinctive parenthesized syntax, much used in artificial intelligence.


Logo

A programming language that uses turtle graphics to teach children the elements of programming.


Lua

A lightweight programming language with dynamic typing.

لُوَا

a programming language (transliterations)


Pascal

en-proper noun

Pascal (countable and uncountable, plural Pascals)

From Latin Paschālis, from paschālis (“Paschal; of or pertaining to Easter”), from pascha (“Easter”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives), for birth on Easter, or in honor of the 9th-century pope Paschal I (died 824). Doublet of Paschal. The programming language was named after French mathematician, philosopher and physicist Blaise Pascal (1623–1662).

(computer languages) An imperative procedural programming language intended to encourage good programming practices through the use of structure.


Pascal

Pascal (canonical)
Pasukaru (alternative)

[pa̠sɨ̥ka̠ɾɯ̟]


Ruby

The female name derives from ruby in the 19th century.

(computer languages) A dynamic, reflective, general-purpose object-oriented programming language developed in the 1990s.


Scheme

A programming language, one of the two major dialects of Lisp.


C++

→ Polish: C++

From the name of the C language (on which it was based) and ++, the increment operator in both languages, suggesting something added to C.

(computer languages) A multi-paradigm high-level compiled programming language that is a more advanced derivative of C.


REXX

A structured high-level programming language which was designed by IBM to be both easy to learn and easy to read.


XSLT

(computer languages, XML) Initialism of Extensible Style Sheet Language Transformations.


Julia

From Latin Iūlia, feminine form of the Roman gens name Iūlius. Further popularized by early Christian saints. Doublet of Julie.

89 Julia
Julia
Julia (programming language)

And then came Julia, a general purpose programming language designed according to the requirements of scientific and technical computing, providing performance comparable to C/C++, and with an environment productive enough for prototyping like the high-level dynamic language of Python.

2016, Anshul Joshi, Julia for Data Science, Packt Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 8:

scientific computing
scientific computing

(computer languages) A programming language suited for numerical analysis and scientific computing.


Perl

A respelling of its original name Pearl, a reference to Matthew 13:46.
A common backronymic explanation is “Practical Extraction and Reporting Language”.

Perl attracted the attention of Unix system administrators, who needed a language that was easier to use than the C programming language and more powerful than scripting languages such as Borne^([sic]) and C-shell.

1999, Eric Herrmann, Mastering Perl 5, Sybex, →ISBN, page 5:

(computer languages) A family of high-level programming languages, particularly used for text processing.


Algol

Algol, on the other hand, introduced the notion of block structure, in which the programmer could group lists of statements, effectively creating one instruction out of a list of instructions.

2004, Edward G. Nilges, Build Your Own .NET Language and Compiler, Apress, →ISBN, page 2:

(computer languages) Alternative letter-case form of ALGOL.


ALGOL

Devised as an acronym of algorithmic language.

Later, ALGOL was used as the basis of JOVIAL, MAD, NELIAC, and ALGO. In 1960, a division occurred based on unresolved disagreements and ALGOL 60 was born.

2007, April J. Wells, Grid Application Systems Design, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 17:

(computer languages) An influential early high-level programming language designed for solving mathematical and scientific problems.


Ceylon

Borrowed from Portuguese Ceilão, from Old French Seilan (Marco Polo), from Persian سیلان (saylān), ultimately from Pali sīhaḷa, from Sanskrit सिंहल (siṃhala). Doublet of Sinhala.

Ceylone (alternative obsolete)
Zeyloon (alternative obsolete)

(computer languages) An object-oriented, strongly statically typed programming language with an emphasis on immutability.


JSON

(computer languages, file format) Initialism of JavaScript Object Notation, a data format used to represent structured data. It is based on JavaScript syntax.


Prolog

From French Prolog, abbreviation of Programmation en Logique.

Prolog has been used for many purposes, but its inventor, Alain Colmerauer, was interested in computational linguistics, and this remains a classic application for the language. Moreover, Prolog offers a number of tools which make life easier for computational linguists, and we are now going to start learning about one of the most useful of these: definite clause grammars, or DCGs as they are usually called.

2006, Patrick Blackburn, Johan Bos, Kristina Striegnitz, “§7.1”, in Learn Prolog Now!, archived from the original on 2015-03-28:

(programming) A programming language developed in the 1970s for artificial intelligence and logic programming.


Newspeak

Newspeak
Newspeak (programming language)
Nineteen Eighty-Four

From new + speak, coined by George Orwell in 1949 in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four.
The programming language was so named because of its “shrinkable” design, following Orwell's idea of a continually diminishing vocabulary in Newspeak.

Many modern languages like Haskell, Scala, and Newspeak offer parser combinators as libraries on top of the core language.

2010, Debasish Ghosh, DSLs in Action, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:

functional programming
functional programming

(computer languages) A highly dynamic and reflective programming language descended from Smalltalk, supporting both object-oriented and functional programming.


VHDL

„VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) is a hardware description language used in electronic design automation to describe digital and mixed-signal systems such as field-programmable gate arrays and integrated circuits. VHDL can also be used as a general purpose parallel programming language.“

(computer languages, hardware) VHSIC Hardware Description Language.


VBScript

(computer languages) A scripting language that is a subset of Microsoft Visual Basic.


langage de programmation

fr-noun

langage de programmation m (plural langages de programmation)

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-langage de programmation.wav


markup language

en-noun

markup language (plural markup languages)

computer language
computer language#English

(computer languages) A computer language using markup.


langage d'assemblage

fr-noun

langage d'assemblage m (usually uncountable, plural langages d'assemblage)


Raku

Probably a clipping of rakudo, the standard compiler, from Japanese 駱駝 (rakuda, “camel”), an allusion to the traditional symbol of the Perl language.

Many programming paradigms have influenced Raku. It has started its life under the name “Perl 6” but has been renamed in 2019 to break the illusion that it is just another version of Perl.

2020, Moritz Lenz, Raku Fundamentals, 2nd edition, Apress, →ISBN, page 1:

(computer languages) A programming language derived from Perl.


query language

(databases, programming) Any of several generalized computer languages in which users may extract data from selected records in a database


Brainfuck

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Brainfuck.wav

From brain + fuck, implying that it is confusing to use.

Some eccentric languages are structurally just as simple, but intentionally made awfully hard to understand — like the notorious languages Brainfuck […] or Malbolge.

2005, G. Braziller, Inc., edited by Morten Søndergaard, Perttu Rastas, and Björn Norberg, Get real: real time + art + theory + practice + history, →ISBN, page 48:

Brainfuck is an archetypically minimalist language, providing merely eight commands, each represented by a single character. These commands operate on an array of 30000 byte cells initialized to 0.

2008, Matthew Fuller, Software Studies: A Lexicon, →ISBN, page 269:

Brainfuck language is the gotoless programming language, and it has a implicit byte pointer which is free to move […] In addition, Brainfuck defines only eight-instructions associated with the pointer[…]

2010, Miguel Soriano, Sihan Qing, Javier López, Information and Communications Security: 12th International Conference, Icics 2010, Barcelona, Spain, December 15-17, 2010 Proceedings, →ISBN, page 345:

A minimalist esoteric programming language, created for amusement, in which every basic machine instruction is represented by a single character.


Smalltalk

From small talk; according to Alan Kay (one of its creators):
The name actually appeared before the first Smalltalk design, which was done in 1971. I had mentioned to someone that the "prose" of then current programming languages was lower than a cocktail party conversation, and that great progress would have been made if we could even get to the level of making "smalltalk". It then occured^([sic]) to me that this word was also a great pun for a language aimed at the world of small children.
As for hype: Another motive for "smalltalk" was the practice at the time of naming operating, and other, systems (which hardly did anything) after mighty indo-european gods, such as Thor, Zeus, Odin, etc. I figured that if Smalltalk ever did something neat, then people would be pleasantly surprised.

(computer languages) An object-oriented, dynamically-typed, reflective programming language.


組合語言

ㄗㄨˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ

ㄗㄨˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ

/t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

(Taiwan, computer languages) assembly language


彙編語言

ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄅㄧㄢ ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ

ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄅㄧㄢ ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ

хуэйбянь юйянь

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

(Mainland China, computer languages) assembly language


langage de balisage

langage de balisage m (plural langages de balisage)


JScript

(programming) A dialect of JavaScript developed by Microsoft.


ECMAScript

(programming) A standardised specification of JavaScript, developed by Ecma International.


Visual Basic

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

A programming language developed by Microsoft, broadly descended from BASIC and Pascal, in which all programs have a graphical user interface.


J++

A programming language developed by Microsoft that is a nonstandard variant of Java.


Eiffel

From French Eiffel, from German Eiffel, Eifel. Family name adopted as a reference to the Eifel mountains.

An ISO-standardized, object-oriented programming language.


Fortranlike

en-adj

Fortranlike (comparative more Fortranlike, superlative most Fortranlike)

more Fortranlike (comparative)
most Fortranlike (superlative)

A wide variety of variable transformations can be accomplished in SPSS by means of simplified Fortranlike statements constructed by the user.

1975, Norman H Nie, SPSS: statistical package for the social sciences:

Other design languages also use Fortranlike statements and can be used with FORTRAN routines.

1986, Michael F Hordeski, CAD/CAM techniques:

They solve problems on explicit state space form, x = f(t,x), if the user defines a Fortranlike procedure which calculates f(t,x).

1992, Mohammad Jamshidi, Charles J Herget, Recent advances in computer-aided control systems engineering:

(computer languages) Resembling or characteristic of Fortran.


SPARQL

(computer languages, Internet) SPARQL protocol and RDF query language (a recursive acronym), a semantic Web technology.


asembler

asembler (nominative singular)
asemblery (nominative plural)
asemblera (genitive singular)
asemblerów (genitive plural)
asemblerowi (dative singular)
asemblerom (dative plural)
asembler (accusative singular)
asemblery (accusative plural)
asemblerem (instrumental singular)
asemblerami (instrumental plural)
asemblerze (locative singular)
asemblerach (locative plural)
asemblerze (singular vocative)
asemblery (plural vocative)
assembler (alternative)

(computer languages, countable) assembler (tool that converts an assembly language into machine code)

(computer languages, uncountable) assembly language


BCPL

Programming Language
programming language#English

(programming) Initialism of Basic Combined Programming Language: a programming language of the 1960s intended for writing compilers and on which the later language C was based.


ASM

en-noun

ASM (countable and uncountable, plural ASMs)

Hi all! You have available another cool minidemo (or intro, as you prefer), with the usual ASM sources.

1993, Javier Arevalo Baeza, “New intro from VangeliSTeam”, in comp.sys.ibm.pc.demos (Usenet):

(computer languages) Abbreviation of assembly language.


wiki markup

A lightweight markup language used to format and structure pages in wikis.


Ява

Я́ва (canonical)
Я́вы (genitive)
Я́ва (nominative singular)
Jáva (nominative singular)
Я́вы (genitive singular)
Я́ве (dative singular)
Я́ву (accusative singular)
Я́вой (instrumental singular)
Я́вою (instrumental singular)
Я́ве (prepositional singular)
Джава (alternative)
жа́ба (alternative)

(programming) Java (programming language)


Piet

Piet
Piet (programming language)
Piet Mondrian

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Piet.

An esoteric programming language whose programs are bitmaps that look like abstract art.


OWL

Web Ontology Language
Web Ontology Language#English

(computer languages) Initialism of Web Ontology Language (The order of the letters is discussed at Web Ontology Language § Acronym.)


YAML

A retronym: originally Yet Another Markup Language, now reinterpreted as YAML Ain't Markup Language.

(computer languages, file format) A human-readable data serialization format that takes concepts from XML and from various programming languages.


C`num`

Inspired by the sharp symbol in musical notation. Also chosen because this symbol resembles four connected + symbols; see etymology for C++.

VBers may find the syntax of C# a bit unpalatable.

2008, Andrew Troelsen, Visual Basic .NET and the .NET Platform: An Advanced Guide, page XVIII:

(programming) An object-oriented programming language, resembling Java in some respects, developed by Microsoft Corporation as part of their .NET Framework initiative.


Extensible Markup Language

(computer languages) A set of rules for encoding documents in machine-readable form.


CLU

Clipping of cluster, a concept equivalent to classes in object-oriented programming.

(computer languages) A computer language developed between 1973–1975 that pioneered abstract data types and iterators.


ActionScript

(computer languages) An object-oriented programming language originally designed for making visual animations.


AppleScript

(computing) A script written in this language.


AspectJ

From aspect and the first letter of Java.

aspect-oriented programming language
aspect-oriented programming language

(programming) An extension that turns Java into an aspect-oriented programming language.


SNOBOL

Short for string-oriented and symbolic language. Compare COBOL.

(computer languages) Any of a series of computer programming languages developed in the 1960s and based around text string manipulation.


IDL

Interactive Data Language
w:IDL (programming language)

programming language
programming language

(computer languages) Initialism of Interactive Data Language, a programming language used for data analysis.


Scala

Scala started life in 2001 as a research project at EPFL in Switzerland. It was released publicly in 2004 after an internal release in 2003.

2017, Toby Weston, Scala for Java Developers: A Practical Primer, Apress, →ISBN, page 5:

(computer languages) A statically-typed multi-paradigm programming language designed to run on the JVM.


Clojure

From closure, respelled with the letter J from Java.

Allowing variable capture when we really, really want it makes Clojure's macro system technically more dangerous than hygienic systems.

2014, Colin Jones, Mastering Clojure Macros: Write Cleaner, Faster, Smarter Code, Pragmatic Bookshelf, →ISBN:

A dialect of the Lisp programming language that runs on the JVM.


IAL

Between 1958 and 1960, a collaboration was initiated between the Association for Computing Machinery and the Gesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik for the definition of a universal algorithmic language, first denoted IAL, later ALGOL58, and finally ALGOL60.

2020, Giuseppe Primiero, On the Foundations of Computing, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 88:

(computer languages, obsolete) Initialism of International Algebraic Language, later named ALGOL.


LaTeX

Usually thought to be a blend of Lamport + TeX, the former being the surname of its creator, Leslie Lamport.

(computer languages) A digital typesetting system for mathematical and scientific formulae layout, based on TeX; often stylized as LaTeX.


CAML

w:Collaborative Application Markup Language

(computer languages) Initialism of Collaborative Application Markup Language.


Caml

Categorical Abstract Machine Language
w:Caml

(computer languages) Acronym of Categorical Abstract Machine Language, a dialect of ML.


T-SQL

(computer languages, databases) Clipping of Transact-SQL.


PL/SQL

(computer languages) Initialism of Procedural Language/Structured Query Language.


TypeScript

Blend of type (“value constraint”) + JavaScript.

blend

(scripting language) A scripting programming language that is a strongly-typed superset of JavaScript.


QL

(computer languages, databases) Initialism of query language.


static language

en-noun

static language (plural static languages)

(computer languages) A programming language that analyses code without executing the code itself.


dynamic language

dynamic language (plural dynamic languages)

(computer languages) A programming language that analyses code also when executing the code itself.


class-based language

class-based language (plural class-based languages)

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming

(object-oriented programming, computer languages) A programming language in which behaviour reuse (or inheritance) is performed via cloning classes instead of using objects as prototypes.


A procedurally reflective dialect of Lisp that uses an infinite tower of interpreters.


Verilog

(computer languages, hardware) A language used to design and model electronic circuits


Hypertext Markup Language
Hypertext Markup Language#English

Initialism of Hypertext Markup Language Version 5.


Rust

Graydon Hoare, who initiated the language, has stated that it was possibly named after rust fungi and may be related to robust.

In Rust, the compiler plays a gatekeeper role by refusing to compile code with these elusive bugs, including concurrency bugs.

2019, Steve Klabnik, Carol Nichols, The Rust Programming Language, No Starch Press, →ISBN, page xxvi:

(computer languages) A multiparadigm programming language focused on safety, especially safe concurrency.


TeX

The letters of the name are meant to represent the capital Greek letters Τ (tau), Ε (epsilon), and Χ (chi), as TeX is an abbreviation of Ancient Greek τέχνη (tékhnē), which is also the root word of technical.

TFFI-mode makes it possible for BibTeX to work on plain TeX documents as well.

1986, Jacques Desarmenien, TEX for Scientific Documentation: Second European Conference, Strasbourg, France, June 19-21, 1986. Proceedings, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 41:

(computer languages) A digital typesetting system used primarily for the formatting of mathematical formulae.


SSDL

The SOAP Service Description Language (SSDL) [20] describes a message exchange from the point of view of a single service...

2008, Nitzsche J. et al.: WSDL 2.0 message exchange patterns: limitations and opportunities, page 1:

In [13], Parastatidis and Webber propose SSDL (SOAP Service Description Language) as a language to describe Web services...

2008, Rosenberg et al.: Integrated metadata support for web service runtimes, page 1:

2005, Parastatidis et al.: The SOAP Service Description Language (SSDL) is a SOAP-centric contract definition language for Web Services, abstract:

SOAP Service Description Language
w:SOAP Service Description Language

(computer languages, databases) Initialism of SOAP Service Description Language.


जावा

hi-proper noun

जावा • (jāvā) ?

hi:जावा (द्वीप)
hi:जावा (प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा)


C艹

/seɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sʰəʔ²¹/

/seɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sʰəʔ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from English C++.

(Mainland China, Internet slang, vulgar, computer languages) C++


Tcl

This command causes the Tcl interpreter to search the paths defined by the auto_path variable and find the package named mort.tcl.

2000, David Maggiano, CGI Programming with Tcl, Addison Wesley Longman:

(computer languages) A high-level, dynamically typed, and interpreted programming language.


JHTML

(programming) Initialism of Java within Hypertext Markup Language.


ЈаваСкрипт

JavaSkript (romanization)
JavaScript (alternative)

(programming, computer languages) JavaScript


JSONP

(computer languages) Initialism of JavaScript Object Notation with Padding, a technique for requesting data in JSON format by loading an HTML script element.


Racket

(computer languages) A general-purpose, multiparadigm programming language descended from Scheme.


পাইথন

[ˈpäi̯t̪ʰɔ̜ˑn]

Borrowed from English python, from Latin pȳthon, from Ancient Greek Πῡ́θων (Pū́thōn).

(computing) Python (programming language)


福傳

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵/

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of English Fortran.


OCaml

Short from its former name, Objective Caml.

Minsky, a computer science PhD, convinced his employer 10 years ago to rewrite the company’s entire trading system in OCaml.

2015 April 2, James Somers, “Toolkits for the Mind”, in MIT Technology Review:

(computer languages) A general-purpose, multi-paradigm programming language based on the Caml dialect of ML.


ассемблерлеу тілі

kk-noun

ассемблерлеу тілі • (assemblerleu tılı)

Kazakh alphabets#Arabic script
Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script
Kazakh alphabets#Latin script


Ratfor

(computer languages) A version of Fortran with newer C-style control structures.


COMAL

Acronym of common algorithmic language, inspired by ALGOL (“algorithmic language”).

Mr. Lindsey's letter in Vol. 5, No. 11 made some misleading claims for COMAL. He stated that COMAL, like BASIC, is free. Well, back in October of 1981, a price of $49.95 for a COMAL starter package was mentioned in Robert Baker's PET-pourri column in Microcomputing.

1983 May 23, Willi Kusche, “COMAL claims are questionable”, in InfoWorld, volume 5, number 21, page 39:

(computer languages) A programming language influenced by BASIC and Pascal.


Erlang

Named after Danish mathematician and engineer Agner Krarup Erlang (1878–1929) and a clipping of Ericsson language, the company where it originated.

named-after

If you need to wring out every drop of performance on a complex task, or want to avoid rewriting a library written in a language other than Erlang, you'll want to explore Erlang's tools for connecting with other programming languages.

2017, Simon St. Laurent, Introducing Erlang: Getting Started in Functional Programming, O'Reilly, →ISBN, page 172:

(computer languages) A functional programming language designed for highly concurrent and fault-tolerant applications.


Objective-C

In Objective-C, a protocol member can be declared optional, meaning that this member doesn't have to be implemented by the adopter, but it may be.

2016, Matt Neuburg, iOS 10 Programming Fundamentals with Swift: Swift, Xcode, and Cocoa Basics, O'Reilly, →ISBN, page 185:

(computer languages) An object-oriented programming language that adds Smalltalk-style message passing to the C programming language, mainly used on Apple platforms.


Simula

(computer languages) A programming language of the ALGOL family that pioneered many object-oriented concepts such as classes and objects.


Zig

(computer languages) A general-purpose imperative, statically typed, compiled programming language intended as a modern successor to the C language.


C--

From the name of the C language (on which it was based) and --, the decrement operator in both languages, coined as an inside joke, indicating that C-- is a reduced form of C.

(computer languages) A C-like programming language, designed to be generated mainly by compilers for high-level languages rather than written by human programmers.


Befunge

Derived from a typing error for before in an online conversation.

An esoteric programming language in which programs are arranged on a two-dimensional grid, and the flow of control can be sent in different directions.


Cython

Blend of C (“a high-level programming language”) + Python.

blend

(computer languages) A compiled programming language based on Python that yields performance comparable to that of C, with optional, C-inspired syntax extensions.