sōmiz

sōmiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
sōmijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
sōmī (feminine nominative singular strong)
sōmijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
sōmį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
sōmijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
sōmijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
sōmijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
sōmijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
sōmijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
sōmį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
sōmijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
sōmijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
sōmīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
sōmijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
sōmijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
sōmijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
sōmijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
sōmīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
sōmijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
sōmijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
sōmijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
sōmijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
sōmijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
sōmijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
sōmijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
sōmijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
sōmijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
sōmijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
sōmijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
sōmijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
sōmijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
sōmijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
sōmijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
sōmijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
sōmijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
sōmijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
sōmijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
sōmijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
sōmijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
sōmijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
sōmijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
sōmijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
sōmijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
sōmīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
sōmijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
sōmijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
sōmijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
sōmīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
sōmijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
sōmīni (dative masculine singular weak)
sōmijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
sōmijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
sōmijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
sōmīni (dative neuter singular weak)
sōmijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
sōmīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
sōmijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
sōmijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
sōmijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
sōmīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
sōmijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *sōmī
Old English: *sōme, *sōm
⇒ Old English: ġesōm
Old Frisian: sōm
Old Saxon: sōmi
Old High German: *suomi
Middle High German: süome

Old Norse: sǿmr, sœmr
Icelandic: sæmur
Norwegian Nynorsk: søm
→ Middle English: seme

Unknown; possible vṛddhi gerundive of otherwise unattested strong verb *samaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together, one”).


fēriz

fēriz (masculine nominative singular strong)
fērijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
fērī (feminine nominative singular strong)
fērijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
fērį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
fērijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
fērijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
fērijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
fērijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
fērijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
fērį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
fērijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
fērijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
fērīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
fērijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
fērijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
fērijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
fērijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
fērīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
fērijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
fērijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
fērijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
fērijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
fērijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
fērijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
fērijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
fērijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
fērijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
fērijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
fērijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
fērijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
fērijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
fērijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
fērijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
fērijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
fērijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
fērijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
fērijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
fērijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
fērijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
fērijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
fērijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
fērijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
fērijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
fērīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
fērijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
fērijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
fērijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
fērīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
fērijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
fērīni (dative masculine singular weak)
fērijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
fērijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
fērijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
fērīni (dative neuter singular weak)
fērijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
fērīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
fērijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
fērijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
fērijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
fērīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
fērijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: *fǣre; langfǣre, langfēre

Old High German: *fāri; langfāri, lancfāri

Vṛddhi gerundive of otherwise unattested *feraną, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go forth”).


grēbiz

grēbiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
grēbijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
grēbī (feminine nominative singular strong)
grēbijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
grēbį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
grēbijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
grēbijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
grēbijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
grēbijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
grēbijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
grēbį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
grēbijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
grēbijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
grēbīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
grēbijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
grēbijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
grēbijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
grēbijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
grēbīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
grēbijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
grēbijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
grēbijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
grēbijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
grēbijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
grēbijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
grēbijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
grēbijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
grēbijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
grēbijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
grēbijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
grēbijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
grēbijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
grēbijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
grēbijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
grēbijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
grēbijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
grēbijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
grēbijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
grēbijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
grēbijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
grēbijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
grēbijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
grēbijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
grēbijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
grēbīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
grēbijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
grēbijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
grēbijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
grēbīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
grēbijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
grēbīni (dative masculine singular weak)
grēbijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
grēbijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
grēbijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
grēbīni (dative neuter singular weak)
grēbijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
grēbīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
grēbijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
grēbijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
grēbijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
grēbīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
grēbijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: græfr

Icelandic: græfur

Vṛddhi gerundive of *grabaną (“to dig”). The e-grade as opposed to o-grade *grōbiz however, hints at a possible lost strong verb *grebaną.

(North Germanic) digging, burying; able to be dug or buried


wīgaz

*wīgaz (a-stem)

wīgaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
wīgai (masculine nominative plural strong)
wīgō (feminine nominative singular strong)
wīgôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
wīgą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
wīgō (neuter nominative plural strong)
wīganǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
wīganz (accusative masculine plural strong)
wīgǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
wīgōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
wīgą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
wīgō (accusative neuter plural strong)
wīgas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
wīgaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
wīgaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
wīgaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
wīgas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
wīgaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
wīgammai (dative masculine singular strong)
wīgaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
wīgaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
wīgaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
wīgammai (dative neuter singular strong)
wīgaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
wīganō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
wīgaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
wīgaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
wīgaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
wīganō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
wīgaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
wīgô (masculine nominative singular weak)
wīganiz (masculine nominative plural weak)
wīgǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
wīgōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
wīgô (neuter nominative singular weak)
wīgōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
wīganų (accusative masculine singular weak)
wīganunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
wīgōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
wīgōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
wīgô (accusative neuter singular weak)
wīgōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
wīginiz (genitive masculine singular weak)
wīganǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
wīgōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
wīgōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
wīginiz (genitive neuter singular weak)
wīganǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
wīgini (dative masculine singular weak)
wīgammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
wīgōni (dative feminine singular weak)
wīgōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
wīgini (dative neuter singular weak)
wīgammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
wīginē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
wīgammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
wīgōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
wīgōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
wīginē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
wīgammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: vígr

Old Swedish: vīgher

Swedish: vig

From earlier *wīhaz, vṛddhi gerundive of *wiganą (“to fight, battle”).

vrd

(North Germanic) fighting, warlike; able to fight


līsaz

*līsaz (a-stem)

līsaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
līsai (masculine nominative plural strong)
līsō (feminine nominative singular strong)
līsôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
līsą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
līsō (neuter nominative plural strong)
līsanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
līsanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
līsǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
līsōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
līsą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
līsō (accusative neuter plural strong)
līsas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
līsaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
līsaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
līsaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
līsas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
līsaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
līsammai (dative masculine singular strong)
līsaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
līsaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
līsaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
līsammai (dative neuter singular strong)
līsaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
līsanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
līsaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
līsaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
līsaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
līsanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
līsaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
līsô (masculine nominative singular weak)
līsaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
līsǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
līsōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
līsô (neuter nominative singular weak)
līsōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
līsanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
līsanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
līsōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
līsōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
līsô (accusative neuter singular weak)
līsōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
līsiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
līsanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
līsōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
līsōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
līsiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
līsanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
līsini (dative masculine singular weak)
līsammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
līsōni (dative feminine singular weak)
līsōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
līsini (dative neuter singular weak)
līsammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
līsinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
līsammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
līsōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
līsōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
līsinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
līsammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Gothic: *𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 (*leis)

Vṛddhi gerundive of *lizaną (“to know, to be familiar with”).

(East Germanic) knowledgeable, knowing, familiar with


kōluz

kōluz (masculine nominative singular strong)
kōlijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
kōlī (feminine nominative singular strong)
kōlijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
kōlų (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
kōlijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
kōlijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
kōlijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
kōlijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
kōlijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
kōlų (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
kōlijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
kōlijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
kōlīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
kōlijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
kōlijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
kōlijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
kōlijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
kōlīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
kōlijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
kōlijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
kōlijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
kōlijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
kōlijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
kōlijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
kōlijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
kōlijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
kōlijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
kōlijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
kōlijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
kōlijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
kōlijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
kōlijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
kōlijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
kōlijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
kōlijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
kōlijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
kōlijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
kōlijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
kōlijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
kōlijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
kōlijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
kōlijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
kōlijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
kōlīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
kōlijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
kōlijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
kōlijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
kōlīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
kōlijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
kōlīni (dative masculine singular weak)
kōlijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
kōlijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
kōlijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
kōlīni (dative neuter singular weak)
kōlijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
kōlīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
kōlijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
kōlijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
kōlijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
kōlīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
kōlijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *kōl(ī)
Old English: cōl, *cœ̄l, *cēl
Middle English: col, coul, cool
English: cool (see there for further descendants)
⇒ English: coolth
Scots: cule, cuill, kuil, ceul, kül, queel
⇒ Scots: queelie, kjöl (“coolness”)
⇒ Old English: cōlnes, cœ̄lnes, cēlnes
Middle English: colnesse
English: coolness
Old Frisian: *kōl
Saterland Frisian: köil
West Frisian: koel (possibly borrowed from Dutch)
Old Saxon: *kōli, *kōl
Middle Low German: kôle, kôl, kȫl
German Low German: köhl
Low German: kool, kööl, köhl
Old Dutch: *cuol
Middle Dutch: coel
Dutch: koel
Afrikaans: koel
Limburgish: keul, kool
Old High German: kuoli, chuali, chuoli, kuali
Middle High German: küele, küel, kůl, kule
Alemannic German: chüel
Alsatian: kiahl
Swabian: kiahl
Bavarian:
Hianzisch: kiahl
Central Franconian: köhl, kehl, kiehl
Hunsrik: kiel
Luxembourgish: kill
German: kühl
Rhine Franconian:
Hessian: kihl, koil
Palatine German: kihl
Pennsylvania German: kiehl
Vilamovian: kīł

Old Norse: *kól (in derivatives)

⇒ Old Norse: kœla (< *kōlijaną)

⇒ Old Norse: kólna (< *kōlnaną)

→? Proto-Finnic: *kolëda (see there for further descendants)

Vṛddhi gerundive of *kalaną (“to be cold”).


drūgiz

drūgiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
drūgijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
drūgī (feminine nominative singular strong)
drūgijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
drūgį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
drūgijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
drūgijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
drūgijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
drūgijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
drūgijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
drūgį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
drūgijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
drūgijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
drūgīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
drūgijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
drūgijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
drūgijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
drūgijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
drūgīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
drūgijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
drūgijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
drūgijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
drūgijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
drūgijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
drūgijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
drūgijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
drūgijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
drūgijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
drūgijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
drūgijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
drūgijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
drūgijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
drūgijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
drūgijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
drūgijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
drūgijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
drūgijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
drūgijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
drūgijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
drūgijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
drūgijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
drūgijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
drūgijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
drūgijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
drūgīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
drūgijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
drūgijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
drūgijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
drūgīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
drūgijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
drūgīni (dative masculine singular weak)
drūgijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
drūgijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
drūgijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
drūgīni (dative neuter singular weak)
drūgijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
drūgīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
drūgijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
drūgijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
drūgijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
drūgīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
drūgijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *drūgī
Old English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *draugī)
Middle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe
English: dry
Scots: dry, drey
Old Frisian: *drūge, *drēge, *drūch;
North Frisian: drüg, driig
Saterland Frisian: druuch
Old Saxon: *drūgi
Middle Low German: drûge, drüge
Old Dutch: *drūgi
Middle Dutch: drughe, drueghe
Limburgish: druug
Old High German: *drūgi (northern, attested as drūgon (dat.pl.))
Middle High German: trǖge, drǖge
Central Franconian: drüch, dreich, drei
Luxembourgish: dréchen (merged with *drukn)
East Central German: treiche
German: treuge (obsolete)

Possible vṛddhi gerundive of otherwise unattested *drugijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰr̥ǵʰ-yé-ti, from *dʰerǵʰ- (“to strengthen”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”).


kwēmiz

kwēmiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
kwēmijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
kwēmī (feminine nominative singular strong)
kwēmijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
kwēmį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
kwēmijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
kwēmijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
kwēmijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
kwēmijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
kwēmijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
kwēmį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
kwēmijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
kwēmijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
kwēmīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
kwēmijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
kwēmijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
kwēmijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
kwēmijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
kwēmīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
kwēmijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
kwēmijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
kwēmijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
kwēmijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
kwēmijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
kwēmijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
kwēmijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
kwēmijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
kwēmijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
kwēmijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
kwēmijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
kwēmijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
kwēmijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
kwēmijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
kwēmijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
kwēmijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
kwēmijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
kwēmijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
kwēmijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
kwēmijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
kwēmijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
kwēmijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
kwēmijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
kwēmijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
kwēmijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
kwēmīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
kwēmijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
kwēmijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
kwēmijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
kwēmīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
kwēmijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
kwēmīni (dative masculine singular weak)
kwēmijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
kwēmijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
kwēmijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
kwēmīni (dative neuter singular weak)
kwēmijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
kwēmīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
kwēmijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
kwēmijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
kwēmijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
kwēmīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
kwēmijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *kwāmī

⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *bikwāmī
Old Saxon: *biquāmi
Middle Low German: bequeme, bequame
Low German: bequeem
→ Swedish: bekväm
Old Dutch: *biquāmi
Middle Dutch: bequame
Dutch: bekwaam
Old High German: biquāmi
Middle High German: bequäme
German: bequem
⇒ Old High German: unbiquāmi

Old Norse: kvæmr

Icelandic: kvæmur

Old Swedish: qvæmber

Vṛddhi gerundive of *kwemaną (“to come”).


frōkniz

frōkniz (masculine nominative singular strong)
frōknijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
frōknī (feminine nominative singular strong)
frōknijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
frōknį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
frōknijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
frōknijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
frōknijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
frōknijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
frōknijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
frōknį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
frōknijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
frōknijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
frōknīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
frōknijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
frōknijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
frōknijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
frōknijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
frōknīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
frōknijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
frōknijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
frōknijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
frōknijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
frōknijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
frōknijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
frōknijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
frōknijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
frōknijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
frōknijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
frōknijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
frōknijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
frōknijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
frōknijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
frōknijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
frōknijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
frōknijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
frōknijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
frōknijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
frōknijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
frōknijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
frōknijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
frōknijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
frōknijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
frōknijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
frōknīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
frōknijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
frōknijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
frōknijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
frōknīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
frōknijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
frōknīni (dative masculine singular weak)
frōknijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
frōknijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
frōknijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
frōknīni (dative neuter singular weak)
frōknijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
frōknīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
frōknijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
frōknijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
frōknijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
frōknīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
frōknijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *frōknī

Old English: frēcne, frǣcne

⇒ Old English: frēcnes, frǣcnes

Middle English: frecnesse

Old Saxon: frōkni, frēkni

Old High German: *fruohhan

⇒ Old High German: fruohhanī

Old Norse: frœkn, frǿkn

Icelandic: frækn

Presumed vṛddhi gerundive of unattested *fraknaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *preg- (“to yearn; to covet”).


hrēhiz

hrēhiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hrēhijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hrēhī (feminine nominative singular strong)
hrēhijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hrēhį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hrēhijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hrēhijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hrēhijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hrēhijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hrēhijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hrēhį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hrēhijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hrēhijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
hrēhīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
hrēhijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hrēhijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hrēhijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hrēhijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
hrēhīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
hrēhijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hrēhijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hrēhijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hrēhijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hrēhijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hrēhijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hrēhijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hrēhijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hrēhijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hrēhijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hrēhijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hrēhijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hrēhijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hrēhijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hrēhijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hrēhijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hrēhijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hrēhijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hrēhijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hrēhijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hrēhijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hrēhijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hrēhijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hrēhijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hrēhijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hrēhīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hrēhijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hrēhijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hrēhijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hrēhīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hrēhijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hrēhīni (dative masculine singular weak)
hrēhijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hrēhijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hrēhijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hrēhīni (dative neuter singular weak)
hrēhijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hrēhīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hrēhijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hrēhijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hrēhijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hrēhīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hrēhijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Middle High German: ræhe

Vṛddhi gerundive of *hreganą (“to jut out”).


fēhiz

fēhiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
fēhijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
fēhī (feminine nominative singular strong)
fēhijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
fēhį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
fēhijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
fēhijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
fēhijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
fēhijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
fēhijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
fēhį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
fēhijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
fēhijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
fēhīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
fēhijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
fēhijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
fēhijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
fēhijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
fēhīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
fēhijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
fēhijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
fēhijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
fēhijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
fēhijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
fēhijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
fēhijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
fēhijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
fēhijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
fēhijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
fēhijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
fēhijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
fēhijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
fēhijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
fēhijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
fēhijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
fēhijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
fēhijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
fēhijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
fēhijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
fēhijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
fēhijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
fēhijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
fēhijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
fēhijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
fēhīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
fēhijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
fēhijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
fēhijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
fēhīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
fēhijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
fēhīni (dative masculine singular weak)
fēhijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
fēhijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
fēhijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
fēhīni (dative neuter singular weak)
fēhijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
fēhīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
fēhijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
fēhijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
fēhijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
fēhīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
fēhijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-Norse: ᚠᚨᚺᛁ (fahi)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐌴𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰 (gafēhaba)

Vṛddhi gerundive of *fehaną (“to rejoice, be glad”).


hōbiz

hōbiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hōbijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hōbī (feminine nominative singular strong)
hōbijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hōbį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hōbijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hōbijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hōbijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hōbijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hōbijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hōbį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hōbijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hōbijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
hōbīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
hōbijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hōbijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hōbijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hōbijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
hōbīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
hōbijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hōbijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hōbijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hōbijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hōbijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hōbijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hōbijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hōbijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hōbijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hōbijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hōbijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hōbijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hōbijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hōbijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hōbijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hōbijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hōbijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hōbijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hōbijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hōbijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hōbijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hōbijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hōbijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hōbijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hōbijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hōbīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hōbijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hōbijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hōbijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hōbīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hōbijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hōbīni (dative masculine singular weak)
hōbijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hōbijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hōbijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hōbīni (dative neuter singular weak)
hōbijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hōbīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hōbijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hōbijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hōbijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hōbīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hōbijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hōbī
Old English: *hēfe
⇒ Old English: behēfe (“necessary”)
Middle English: biheve, behefe, behef, behieve

Old Norse: hœfr, hǿfr

Icelandic: hæfur

Gothic: *𐌷𐍉𐌱𐍃 (*hōbs)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (gahōbains)

Vṛddhi gerundive of *habjaną (“to have; to hold”).


kwēdiz

kwēdiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
kwēdijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
kwēdī (feminine nominative singular strong)
kwēdijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
kwēdį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
kwēdijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
kwēdijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
kwēdijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
kwēdijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
kwēdijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
kwēdį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
kwēdijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
kwēdijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
kwēdīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
kwēdijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
kwēdijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
kwēdijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
kwēdijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
kwēdīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
kwēdijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
kwēdijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
kwēdijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
kwēdijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
kwēdijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
kwēdijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
kwēdijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
kwēdijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
kwēdijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
kwēdijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
kwēdijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
kwēdijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
kwēdijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
kwēdijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
kwēdijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
kwēdijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
kwēdijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
kwēdijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
kwēdijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
kwēdijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
kwēdijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
kwēdijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
kwēdijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
kwēdijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
kwēdijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
kwēdīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
kwēdijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
kwēdijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
kwēdijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
kwēdīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
kwēdijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
kwēdīni (dative masculine singular weak)
kwēdijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
kwēdijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
kwēdijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
kwēdīni (dative neuter singular weak)
kwēdijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
kwēdīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
kwēdijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
kwēdijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
kwēdijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
kwēdīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
kwēdijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: -kvæðr

Icelandic: -kvæður

Gothic: *𐌵𐌴𐌸𐍃 (*qēþs)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌵𐌴𐌸𐍃 (unqēþs)

Vṛddhi gerundive of *kweþaną (“to say”).


trēgiz

trēgiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
trēgijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
trēgī (feminine nominative singular strong)
trēgijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
trēgį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
trēgijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
trēgijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
trēgijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
trēgijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
trēgijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
trēgį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
trēgijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
trēgijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
trēgīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
trēgijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
trēgijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
trēgijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
trēgijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
trēgīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
trēgijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
trēgijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
trēgijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
trēgijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
trēgijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
trēgijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
trēgijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
trēgijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
trēgijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
trēgijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
trēgijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
trēgijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
trēgijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
trēgijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
trēgijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
trēgijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
trēgijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
trēgijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
trēgijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
trēgijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
trēgijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
trēgijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
trēgijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
trēgijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
trēgijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
trēgīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
trēgijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
trēgijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
trēgijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
trēgīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
trēgijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
trēgīni (dative masculine singular weak)
trēgijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
trēgijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
trēgijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
trēgīni (dative neuter singular weak)
trēgijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
trēgīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
trēgijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
trēgijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
trēgijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
trēgīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
trēgijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *trāgī
Old English: trāg
Old Saxon: trāg, trāgi
Old Dutch: *trāgi
Middle Dutch: trâge
Dutch: traag
Limburgish: traog
Old High German: trāgi
Middle High German: træge
German: träg, träge

Vṛddhi gerundive of *treganą (“to suffer”).


rīpiz

rīpiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
rīpijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
rīpī (feminine nominative singular strong)
rīpijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
rīpį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
rīpijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
rīpijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
rīpijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
rīpijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
rīpijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
rīpį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
rīpijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
rīpijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
rīpīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
rīpijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
rīpijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
rīpijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
rīpijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
rīpīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
rīpijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
rīpijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
rīpijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
rīpijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
rīpijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
rīpijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
rīpijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
rīpijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
rīpijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
rīpijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
rīpijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
rīpijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
rīpijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
rīpijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
rīpijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
rīpijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
rīpijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
rīpijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
rīpijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
rīpijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
rīpijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
rīpijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
rīpijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
rīpijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
rīpijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
rīpīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
rīpijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
rīpijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
rīpijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
rīpīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
rīpijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
rīpīni (dative masculine singular weak)
rīpijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
rīpijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
rīpijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
rīpīni (dative neuter singular weak)
rīpijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
rīpīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
rīpijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
rīpijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
rīpijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
rīpīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
rīpijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *rīpī
Old English: rīpe
Middle English: ripe
English: ripe
Old Frisian: rīp
West Frisian: ryp
Old Saxon: rīpi
Middle Low German: rîpe
Low German: riep
Old Dutch: *rīpi
Middle Dutch: ripe
Dutch: rijp
Afrikaans: ryp
Old High German: rīfi
Middle High German: rīfe
German: reif

Vṛddhi gerundive of *rīpaną (“to reap, harvest”).


krēbiz

krēbiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
krēbijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
krēbī (feminine nominative singular strong)
krēbijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
krēbį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
krēbijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
krēbijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
krēbijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
krēbijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
krēbijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
krēbį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
krēbijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
krēbijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
krēbīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
krēbijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
krēbijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
krēbijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
krēbijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
krēbīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
krēbijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
krēbijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
krēbijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
krēbijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
krēbijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
krēbijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
krēbijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
krēbijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
krēbijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
krēbijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
krēbijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
krēbijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
krēbijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
krēbijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
krēbijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
krēbijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
krēbijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
krēbijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
krēbijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
krēbijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
krēbijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
krēbijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
krēbijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
krēbijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
krēbijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
krēbīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
krēbijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
krēbijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
krēbijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
krēbīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
krēbijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
krēbīni (dative masculine singular weak)
krēbijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
krēbijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
krēbijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
krēbīni (dative neuter singular weak)
krēbijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
krēbīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
krēbijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
krēbijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
krēbijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
krēbīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
krēbijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: kræfr

Icelandic: kræfur

Norwegian: kræv (dialectal)

→? Proto-Slavic: *krěpъ (“strong”)

Old Church Slavonic: крѣпъ (krěpŭ)

Czech: křepý

Slovene: krepý

Serbo-Croatian: krȉjep

Uncertain; possible vṛddhi gerundive of otherwise unattested *krebaną, perhaps related to *krafjaną (“to demand”), *kraftuz (“strength, power”).


lēkiz

lēkiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
lēkijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
lēkī (feminine nominative singular strong)
lēkijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
lēkį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
lēkijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
lēkijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
lēkijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
lēkijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
lēkijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
lēkį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
lēkijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
lēkijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
lēkīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
lēkijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
lēkijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
lēkijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
lēkijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
lēkīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
lēkijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
lēkijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
lēkijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
lēkijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
lēkijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
lēkijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
lēkijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
lēkijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
lēkijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
lēkijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
lēkijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
lēkijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
lēkijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
lēkijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
lēkijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
lēkijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
lēkijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
lēkijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
lēkijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
lēkijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
lēkijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
lēkijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
lēkijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
lēkijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
lēkijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
lēkīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
lēkijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
lēkijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
lēkijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
lēkīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
lēkijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
lēkīni (dative masculine singular weak)
lēkijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
lēkijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
lēkijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
lēkīni (dative neuter singular weak)
lēkijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
lēkīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
lēkijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
lēkijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
lēkijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
lēkīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
lēkijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Possible vṛddhi gerundive of otherwise unattested *lekaną (“to heal”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lég-e-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leg- (“to care for”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀλέγω (alégō, “to care for”), Proto-Italic *legō (“to care”).


dōbiz

dōbiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
dōbijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
dōbī (feminine nominative singular strong)
dōbijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
dōbį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
dōbijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
dōbijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
dōbijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
dōbijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
dōbijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
dōbį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
dōbijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
dōbijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
dōbīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
dōbijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
dōbijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
dōbijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
dōbijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
dōbīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
dōbijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
dōbijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
dōbijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
dōbijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
dōbijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
dōbijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
dōbijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
dōbijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
dōbijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
dōbijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
dōbijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
dōbijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
dōbijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
dōbijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
dōbijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
dōbijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
dōbijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
dōbijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
dōbijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
dōbijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
dōbijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
dōbijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
dōbijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
dōbijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
dōbijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
dōbīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
dōbijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
dōbijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
dōbijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
dōbīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
dōbijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
dōbīni (dative masculine singular weak)
dōbijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
dōbijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
dōbijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
dōbīni (dative neuter singular weak)
dōbijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
dōbīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
dōbijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
dōbijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
dōbijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
dōbīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
dōbijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Vṛddhi gerundive of *dabaną (“to be fitting”).