tꜣj

t:A-y f sg demonstrative determiner (canonical)
pn (determiner masculine proximal-to-speaker singular)
tn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jpnj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-speaker)
jptnj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jptntj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jpn (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-speaker)
jptn (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-speaker)
nn (pronoun proximal-to-speaker)
pf (determiner distal masculine singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine singular)
jpfj (determiner distal dual masculine)
jptfj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jptftj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jpf (determiner distal masculine plural)
jptf (determiner distal feminine plural)
nf (distal pronoun)
pj (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
pw (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
p (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
tj (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
tw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jpwj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-topic)
jptwj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jptwtj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jpw (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptw (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptwt (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
nw (pronoun proximal-to-topic)
pꜣ (determiner masculine singular vocative)
tꜣ (determiner feminine singular vocative)
nꜣ (pronoun vocative)
ꜥꜣ (adverb vocative)
pn (determiner masculine pronoun proximal singular)
tn (determiner feminine pronoun proximal singular)
nn (determiner plural pronoun proximal)
ꜥn (adverb proximal)
pf (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
pfꜣ (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
tfꜣ (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
nf (determiner distal plural pronoun)
nfꜣ (determiner distal plural pronoun)
ꜥf (adverb distal)
pw (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pwy (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tw (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
twy (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nw (determiner plural pronoun)
pꜣ (anaphoric determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tꜣ (anaphoric determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nꜣ (anaphoric determiner plural pronoun)
ꜥꜣ (adverb anaphoric)
pꜣw (pronoun)
dj (adverb pronoun)
pꜣj (determiner masculine pronoun)
tꜣj (determiner feminine pronoun)
nꜣj (determiner plural pronoun)
dj (adverb determiner pronoun)
pꜣy (masculine)
tꜣy (feminine)
nꜣy (plural)
dj (adverb)
p-n (masculine possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (masculine possessive pronoun)
t-nt (feminine possessive pronoun)
tꜣ (feminine possessive pronoun)
nꜣyw (plural possessive pronoun)
nꜣ (plural possessive pronoun)
dj (adverb possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (article definite masculine)
tꜣ (article definite feminine)
nꜣ (article definite plural)
dj (adverb article definite)
wꜥ (article indefinite)
nhꜣy (article indefinite plural)
dj (adverb article indefinite)

Coptic: ⲧⲁⲓ̈ (taï), ⲧⲉ (te)


nꜣj

n:A-y pl demonstrative determiner (canonical)
pn (determiner masculine proximal-to-speaker singular)
tn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jpnj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-speaker)
jptnj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jptntj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jpn (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-speaker)
jptn (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-speaker)
nn (pronoun proximal-to-speaker)
pf (determiner distal masculine singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine singular)
jpfj (determiner distal dual masculine)
jptfj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jptftj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jpf (determiner distal masculine plural)
jptf (determiner distal feminine plural)
nf (distal pronoun)
pj (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
pw (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
p (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
tj (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
tw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jpwj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-topic)
jptwj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jptwtj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jpw (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptw (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptwt (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
nw (pronoun proximal-to-topic)
pꜣ (determiner masculine singular vocative)
tꜣ (determiner feminine singular vocative)
nꜣ (pronoun vocative)
ꜥꜣ (adverb vocative)
pn (determiner masculine pronoun proximal singular)
tn (determiner feminine pronoun proximal singular)
nn (determiner plural pronoun proximal)
ꜥn (adverb proximal)
pf (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
pfꜣ (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
tfꜣ (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
nf (determiner distal plural pronoun)
nfꜣ (determiner distal plural pronoun)
ꜥf (adverb distal)
pw (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pwy (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tw (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
twy (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nw (determiner plural pronoun)
pꜣ (anaphoric determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tꜣ (anaphoric determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nꜣ (anaphoric determiner plural pronoun)
ꜥꜣ (adverb anaphoric)
pꜣw (pronoun)
dj (adverb pronoun)
pꜣj (determiner masculine pronoun)
tꜣj (determiner feminine pronoun)
nꜣj (determiner plural pronoun)
dj (adverb determiner pronoun)
pꜣy (masculine)
tꜣy (feminine)
nꜣy (plural)
dj (adverb)
p-n (masculine possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (masculine possessive pronoun)
t-nt (feminine possessive pronoun)
tꜣ (feminine possessive pronoun)
nꜣyw (plural possessive pronoun)
nꜣ (plural possessive pronoun)
dj (adverb possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (article definite masculine)
tꜣ (article definite feminine)
nꜣ (article definite plural)
dj (adverb article definite)
wꜥ (article indefinite)
nhꜣy (article indefinite plural)
dj (adverb article indefinite)

Coptic: ⲛⲁⲓ̈ (naï), ⲛⲉ (ne)


p-n

p:n m sg demonstrative pronoun (canonical)
pn (determiner masculine proximal-to-speaker singular)
tn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jpnj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-speaker)
jptnj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jptntj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jpn (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-speaker)
jptn (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-speaker)
nn (pronoun proximal-to-speaker)
pf (determiner distal masculine singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine singular)
jpfj (determiner distal dual masculine)
jptfj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jptftj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jpf (determiner distal masculine plural)
jptf (determiner distal feminine plural)
nf (distal pronoun)
pj (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
pw (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
p (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
tj (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
tw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jpwj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-topic)
jptwj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jptwtj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jpw (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptw (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptwt (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
nw (pronoun proximal-to-topic)
pꜣ (determiner masculine singular vocative)
tꜣ (determiner feminine singular vocative)
nꜣ (pronoun vocative)
ꜥꜣ (adverb vocative)
pn (determiner masculine pronoun proximal singular)
tn (determiner feminine pronoun proximal singular)
nn (determiner plural pronoun proximal)
ꜥn (adverb proximal)
pf (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
pfꜣ (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
tfꜣ (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
nf (determiner distal plural pronoun)
nfꜣ (determiner distal plural pronoun)
ꜥf (adverb distal)
pw (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pwy (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tw (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
twy (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nw (determiner plural pronoun)
pꜣ (anaphoric determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tꜣ (anaphoric determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nꜣ (anaphoric determiner plural pronoun)
ꜥꜣ (adverb anaphoric)
pꜣw (pronoun)
dj (adverb pronoun)
pꜣj (determiner masculine pronoun)
tꜣj (determiner feminine pronoun)
nꜣj (determiner plural pronoun)
dj (adverb determiner pronoun)
pꜣy (masculine)
tꜣy (feminine)
nꜣy (plural)
dj (adverb)
p-n (masculine possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (masculine possessive pronoun)
t-nt (feminine possessive pronoun)
tꜣ (feminine possessive pronoun)
nꜣyw (plural possessive pronoun)
nꜣ (plural possessive pronoun)
dj (adverb possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (article definite masculine)
tꜣ (article definite feminine)
nꜣ (article definite plural)
dj (adverb article definite)
wꜥ (article indefinite)
nhꜣy (article indefinite plural)
dj (adverb article indefinite)

Coptic: ⲡⲁ- (pa-), ⲡⲱ⸗ (pō⸗)

Contracted from pꜣ (“the, this”) + n(j) (“of”).

(Late Egyptian, with following noun) he of, this of, that of


t-nt

ti-n:t f sg demonstrative pronoun (canonical)
pn (determiner masculine proximal-to-speaker singular)
tn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jpnj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-speaker)
jptnj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jptntj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jpn (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-speaker)
jptn (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-speaker)
nn (pronoun proximal-to-speaker)
pf (determiner distal masculine singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine singular)
jpfj (determiner distal dual masculine)
jptfj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jptftj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jpf (determiner distal masculine plural)
jptf (determiner distal feminine plural)
nf (distal pronoun)
pj (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
pw (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
p (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
tj (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
tw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jpwj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-topic)
jptwj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jptwtj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jpw (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptw (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptwt (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
nw (pronoun proximal-to-topic)
pꜣ (determiner masculine singular vocative)
tꜣ (determiner feminine singular vocative)
nꜣ (pronoun vocative)
ꜥꜣ (adverb vocative)
pn (determiner masculine pronoun proximal singular)
tn (determiner feminine pronoun proximal singular)
nn (determiner plural pronoun proximal)
ꜥn (adverb proximal)
pf (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
pfꜣ (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
tfꜣ (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
nf (determiner distal plural pronoun)
nfꜣ (determiner distal plural pronoun)
ꜥf (adverb distal)
pw (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pwy (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tw (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
twy (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nw (determiner plural pronoun)
pꜣ (anaphoric determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tꜣ (anaphoric determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nꜣ (anaphoric determiner plural pronoun)
ꜥꜣ (adverb anaphoric)
pꜣw (pronoun)
dj (adverb pronoun)
pꜣj (determiner masculine pronoun)
tꜣj (determiner feminine pronoun)
nꜣj (determiner plural pronoun)
dj (adverb determiner pronoun)
pꜣy (masculine)
tꜣy (feminine)
nꜣy (plural)
dj (adverb)
p-n (masculine possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (masculine possessive pronoun)
t-nt (feminine possessive pronoun)
tꜣ (feminine possessive pronoun)
nꜣyw (plural possessive pronoun)
nꜣ (plural possessive pronoun)
dj (adverb possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (article definite masculine)
tꜣ (article definite feminine)
nꜣ (article definite plural)
dj (adverb article definite)
wꜥ (article indefinite)
nhꜣy (article indefinite plural)
dj (adverb article indefinite)

Coptic: ⲧⲁ- (ta-), ⲧⲱ⸗ (tō⸗)

Contracted from tꜣ (“the, this”) + nt (“of”).

(Late Egyptian, with following noun) she of, this of, that of


nꜣyw

n:A-i-i-Z3A pl demonstrative pronoun (canonical)
pn (determiner masculine proximal-to-speaker singular)
tn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jpnj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-speaker)
jptnj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jptntj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jpn (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-speaker)
jptn (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-speaker)
nn (pronoun proximal-to-speaker)
pf (determiner distal masculine singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine singular)
jpfj (determiner distal dual masculine)
jptfj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jptftj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jpf (determiner distal masculine plural)
jptf (determiner distal feminine plural)
nf (distal pronoun)
pj (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
pw (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
p (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
tj (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
tw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jpwj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-topic)
jptwj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jptwtj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jpw (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptw (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptwt (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
nw (pronoun proximal-to-topic)
pꜣ (determiner masculine singular vocative)
tꜣ (determiner feminine singular vocative)
nꜣ (pronoun vocative)
ꜥꜣ (adverb vocative)
pn (determiner masculine pronoun proximal singular)
tn (determiner feminine pronoun proximal singular)
nn (determiner plural pronoun proximal)
ꜥn (adverb proximal)
pf (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
pfꜣ (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
tfꜣ (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
nf (determiner distal plural pronoun)
nfꜣ (determiner distal plural pronoun)
ꜥf (adverb distal)
pw (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pwy (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tw (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
twy (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nw (determiner plural pronoun)
pꜣ (anaphoric determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tꜣ (anaphoric determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nꜣ (anaphoric determiner plural pronoun)
ꜥꜣ (adverb anaphoric)
pꜣw (pronoun)
dj (adverb pronoun)
pꜣj (determiner masculine pronoun)
tꜣj (determiner feminine pronoun)
nꜣj (determiner plural pronoun)
dj (adverb determiner pronoun)
pꜣy (masculine)
tꜣy (feminine)
nꜣy (plural)
dj (adverb)
p-n (masculine possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (masculine possessive pronoun)
t-nt (feminine possessive pronoun)
tꜣ (feminine possessive pronoun)
nꜣyw (plural possessive pronoun)
nꜣ (plural possessive pronoun)
dj (adverb possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (article definite masculine)
tꜣ (article definite feminine)
nꜣ (article definite plural)
dj (adverb article definite)
wꜥ (article indefinite)
nhꜣy (article indefinite plural)
dj (adverb article indefinite)

Coptic: ⲛⲁ- (na-), ⲛⲟⲩ⸗ (nou⸗)

(Late Egyptian, with following noun) they of, these of, those of


nhꜣy

n:h-A-i-i-y:nDs (canonical)
pn (determiner masculine proximal-to-speaker singular)
tn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jpnj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-speaker)
jptnj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jptntj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jpn (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-speaker)
jptn (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-speaker)
nn (pronoun proximal-to-speaker)
pf (determiner distal masculine singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine singular)
jpfj (determiner distal dual masculine)
jptfj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jptftj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jpf (determiner distal masculine plural)
jptf (determiner distal feminine plural)
nf (distal pronoun)
pj (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
pw (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
p (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
tj (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
tw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jpwj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-topic)
jptwj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jptwtj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jpw (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptw (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptwt (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
nw (pronoun proximal-to-topic)
pꜣ (determiner masculine singular vocative)
tꜣ (determiner feminine singular vocative)
nꜣ (pronoun vocative)
ꜥꜣ (adverb vocative)
pn (determiner masculine pronoun proximal singular)
tn (determiner feminine pronoun proximal singular)
nn (determiner plural pronoun proximal)
ꜥn (adverb proximal)
pf (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
pfꜣ (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
tfꜣ (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
nf (determiner distal plural pronoun)
nfꜣ (determiner distal plural pronoun)
ꜥf (adverb distal)
pw (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pwy (determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tw (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
twy (determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nw (determiner plural pronoun)
pꜣ (anaphoric determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tꜣ (anaphoric determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nꜣ (anaphoric determiner plural pronoun)
ꜥꜣ (adverb anaphoric)
pꜣw (pronoun)
dj (adverb pronoun)
pꜣj (determiner masculine pronoun)
tꜣj (determiner feminine pronoun)
nꜣj (determiner plural pronoun)
dj (adverb determiner pronoun)
pꜣy (masculine)
tꜣy (feminine)
nꜣy (plural)
dj (adverb)
p-n (masculine possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (masculine possessive pronoun)
t-nt (feminine possessive pronoun)
tꜣ (feminine possessive pronoun)
nꜣyw (plural possessive pronoun)
nꜣ (plural possessive pronoun)
dj (adverb possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (article definite masculine)
tꜣ (article definite feminine)
nꜣ (article definite plural)
dj (adverb article definite)
wꜥ (article indefinite)
nhꜣy (article indefinite plural)
dj (adverb article indefinite)

Akhmimic Coptic: ϩⲉⲛ- (hen-), ϩⲛ- (hn-)

Bohairic Coptic: ϩⲁⲛ- (han-)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲉⲛ- (hen-), ϩⲛ- (hn-)

desc

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲉⲛ- (hen-), ϩⲛ- (hn-)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲉⲛ- (hen-), ϩⲛ- (hn-)

From earlier nhj (“some, a few, a little”).

(Late Egyptian) the plural indefinite article


n ꜣbw

n (“to, for”) + ꜣbw (inflection of ꜣbj (“to desire, to want, to be happy”)).

af

inflection of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">ꜣbj</i> (“to desire, to want, to be happy”)

(Late Egyptian, with a verb in the infinitive) in order to


ꜣbb

Ab-b-b-Z5:D54 2ae gem. (canonical)
ꜣbb (infinitive)
ꜣbb (infinitive negative)
ꜣbbt (infinitive)
ꜣbb (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣb (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣbb (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣb (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣbb (stative)
ꜣb (stative)
ḥr ꜣbb (imperfective)
m ꜣbb (imperfective)
r ꜣbb (prospective)
ꜣbb.n (active perfect)
ꜣb.n (active perfect)
ꜣb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ꜣbbt (active terminative)
ꜣb (active perfective)
ꜣbb.ḫr (active obligative)
ꜣbb (active imperfective)
ꜣbb (active prospective)
ꜣb.kꜣ (active potential)
ꜣb (active subjunctive)
ꜣb.n (active participle perfect)
ꜣb (active participle perfective)
ꜣb (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣby (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbb (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbby (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbbw (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbbj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbb (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣbbw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣb (active participle prospective)
ꜣbtj (active participle prospective)
ꜣbbtj (participle prospective)
ꜣbbt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

ꜣbbt

ꜣbb.n.tj1, ꜣb.n.tj1, ꜣbb.n.tw2, ꜣb.n.tw2

⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.
⁸ <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">ꜣb</i> before suffix pronouns.

Related to ꜣb (“to avoid, to cease, to separate from”).

(Late Egyptian, intransitive, with r) to separate from, to move away


ꜣbnjnj

ꜣbnjnj (singular)
ꜣbnjnjwj (dual)
ꜣbnjnjw (plural)


nqꜥ

n:q-a:Z9-A24 3-lit. (canonical)
nqꜥ (infinitive)
nqꜥw (infinitive negative)
nqꜥ (infinitive negative)
nqꜥt (infinitive)
nqꜥ (imperative infinitive singular)
nqꜥ (imperative infinitive plural)
nqꜥ (stative)
ḥr nqꜥ (imperfective)
m nqꜥ (imperfective)
r nqꜥ (prospective)
nqꜥ.n (active perfect)
nqꜥw (passive perfect)
nqꜥ (passive perfect)
nqꜥ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
nqꜥt (terminative)
nqꜥ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
nqꜥ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
nqꜥ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
nqꜥ (active prospective)
nqꜥꜥ (passive prospective)
nqꜥ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
nqꜥ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
nqꜥ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
nqꜥ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
nqꜥ (active participle perfective)
nqꜥ (participle passive perfective)
nqꜥw (participle passive perfective)
nqꜥy (participle passive perfective)
nqꜥ (active imperfective participle relative)
nqꜥy (active imperfective participle relative)
nqꜥw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
nqꜥ (active imperfective participle)
nqꜥj (active imperfective participle)
nqꜥy (active imperfective participle)
nqꜥ (imperfective participle passive)
nqꜥw (imperfective participle passive)
nqꜥ (active participle prospective relative)
nqꜥtj (active participle prospective relative)
nqꜥtj (participle prospective)
nqꜥt (participle prospective)

nqꜥt

⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.

(Late Egyptian, transitive) to inscribe, to scratch


ḥnt

ḥnt (singular)
ḥntj (dual)
ḥnwt (plural)

(Late Egyptian) a bucket or basin to hold papyrus


smḥj

smḥj (masculine singular)
smḥt (feminine singular)
smḥjwj (dual masculine)
smḥwj (dual masculine)
smḥtj (dual feminine)
smḥjw (masculine plural)
smḥw (masculine plural)
smḥwt (feminine plural)
smḥt (feminine plural)


jbꜣ

jbꜣ (singular)
jbꜣwj (dual)
jbꜣw (plural)

(Late Egyptian) entertainment in general


nhzj

n:h:z-D5 4ae inf. (canonical)
nhzt (infinitive)
nhzj (infinitive)
nhzw (infinitive negative)
nhzyw (infinitive negative)
nhz (infinitive negative)
nhzwt (infinitive)
nhzyt (infinitive)
nhz (imperative infinitive singular)
nhz (imperative infinitive plural)
nhzy (imperative infinitive plural)
nhz (stative)
ḥr nhzt (imperfective)
ḥr nhzj (imperfective)
m nhzt (imperfective)
r nhzt (prospective)
ḥr nhzj (prospective)
nhz.n (active perfect)
nhzw (passive perfect)
nhz (passive perfect)
nhzy (passive perfect)
nhz.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
nhzt (terminative)
nhz (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
nhz.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
nhz (active imperfective)
nhzy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
nhzw (active prospective)
nhz (active prospective)
nhzy (active prospective)
nhz (passive prospective)
nhz.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
nhz (active subjunctive)
nhzy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
nhz.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
nhzw (active participle perfective relative)
nhzy (active participle perfective relative)
nhz (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
nhz (active participle perfective)
nhzy (participle passive perfective)
nhz (participle passive perfective)
nhz (active imperfective participle relative)
nhzy (active imperfective participle relative)
nhzw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
nhz (active imperfective participle)
nhzj (active imperfective participle)
nhzy (active imperfective participle)
nhz (imperfective participle passive)
nhzw (imperfective participle passive)
nhzw (active participle prospective relative)
nhzy (active participle prospective relative)
nhz (active participle prospective relative)
nhztj (active participle prospective relative)
nhzwtj (participle prospective)
nhztj (participle prospective)
nhzt (participle prospective)

nhzt

nhzw.tj1, nhz.tj1, nhzy.tj1, nhzw.tw2, nhz.tw2, nhzy.tw2

⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.
⁸ Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">-y</i> instead of the expected stative ending.

Demotic: nhs

Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ (nehsi)

Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to awaken (someone), to wake (someone) up


ꜥḫm

a:x-m-Q7 3-lit. (canonical)
ꜥḫm (infinitive)
ꜥḫmw (infinitive negative)
ꜥḫm (infinitive negative)
ꜥḫmt (infinitive)
ꜥḫm (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜥḫm (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜥḫm (stative)
ḥr ꜥḫm (imperfective)
m ꜥḫm (imperfective)
r ꜥḫm (prospective)
ꜥḫm.n (active perfect)
ꜥḫmw (passive perfect)
ꜥḫm (passive perfect)
ꜥḫm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜥḫmt (terminative)
ꜥḫm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜥḫm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜥḫm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜥḫm (active prospective)
ꜥḫmm (passive prospective)
ꜥḫm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜥḫm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜥḫm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜥḫm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜥḫm (active participle perfective)
ꜥḫm (participle passive perfective)
ꜥḫmw (participle passive perfective)
ꜥḫmy (participle passive perfective)
ꜥḫm (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥḫmy (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥḫmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ꜥḫm (active imperfective participle)
ꜥḫmj (active imperfective participle)
ꜥḫmy (active imperfective participle)
ꜥḫm (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥḫmw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥḫm (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥḫmtj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥḫmtj (participle prospective)
ꜥḫmt (participle prospective)

Demotic: ꜥšm, ꜥḫm

desc

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲱⳉⲙⲉ (ōxme), ⲁⳉⲙ⸗ (axm⸗)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲱϣⲉⲙ (ōšem), ⲟϣⲙ⸗ (ošm⸗)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲱϣⲉⲙ (ōšem), ⲱϣⲙ̄ (ōšm̄), ⲁϣⲉⲙ- (ašem-)

Old Coptic: ⲟϣⲙ⸗ (ošm⸗)

Coptic Dialect P: ⲁⳋⲙ⸗ (açm⸗)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲱϣⲙ̄ (ōšm̄), ⲟⲩⲱϣⲙ̄ (ouōšm̄), ⲉϣⲙ- (ešm-), ⲟϣⲙ⸗ (ošm⸗)

(intransitive, Late Egyptian, of water) to dry up


swn

s-M42:n 3-lit. (canonical)
swn (infinitive)
swnw (infinitive negative)
swn (infinitive negative)
swnt (infinitive)
swn (imperative infinitive singular)
swn (imperative infinitive plural)
swn (stative)
ḥr swn (imperfective)
m swn (imperfective)
r swn (prospective)
swn.n (active perfect)
swnw (passive perfect)
swn (passive perfect)
swn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
swnt (terminative)
swn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
swn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
swn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
swn (active prospective)
swnn (passive prospective)
swn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
swn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
swn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
swn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
swn (active participle perfective)
swn (participle passive perfective)
swnw (participle passive perfective)
swny (participle passive perfective)
swn (active imperfective participle relative)
swny (active imperfective participle relative)
swnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
swn (active imperfective participle)
swnj (active imperfective participle)
swny (active imperfective participle)
swn (imperfective participle passive)
swnw (imperfective participle passive)
swn (active participle prospective relative)
swntj (active participle prospective relative)
swntj (participle prospective)
swnt (participle prospective)


ḫꜣm

xA-A-m-D41 3-lit. (canonical)
ḫꜣm (infinitive)
ḫꜣmw (infinitive negative)
ḫꜣm (infinitive negative)
ḫꜣmt (infinitive)
ḫꜣm (imperative infinitive singular)
ḫꜣm (imperative infinitive plural)
ḫꜣm (stative)
ḥr ḫꜣm (imperfective)
m ḫꜣm (imperfective)
r ḫꜣm (prospective)
ḫꜣm.n (active perfect)
ḫꜣmw (passive perfect)
ḫꜣm (passive perfect)
ḫꜣm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḫꜣmt (terminative)
ḫꜣm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḫꜣm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḫꜣm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḫꜣm (active prospective)
ḫꜣmm (passive prospective)
ḫꜣm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḫꜣm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḫꜣm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḫꜣm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḫꜣm (active participle perfective)
ḫꜣm (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣmw (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣmy (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣm (active imperfective participle relative)
ḫꜣmy (active imperfective participle relative)
ḫꜣmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḫꜣm (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣmj (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣmy (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣm (imperfective participle passive)
ḫꜣmw (imperfective participle passive)
ḫꜣm (active participle prospective relative)
ḫꜣmtj (active participle prospective relative)
ḫꜣmtj (participle prospective)
ḫꜣmt (participle prospective)

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to hold on to, to keep in one’s possession

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to succeed in


r-ntj

(Late Egyptian) introduces direct speech after ḏd

(Late Egyptian) introduces the content of a letter after introductory greeting formulae

(Late Egyptian) introduces a new section of text or paragraph in a letter


dḥr

d-Hr:r-nDs 3-lit. (canonical)
dḥr (infinitive)
dḥrw (infinitive negative)
dḥr (infinitive negative)
dḥrt (infinitive)
dḥr (imperative infinitive singular)
dḥr (imperative infinitive plural)
dḥr (stative)
ḥr dḥr (imperfective)
m dḥr (imperfective)
r dḥr (prospective)
dḥr.n (active perfect)
dḥr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
dḥrt (active terminative)
dḥr (active perfective)
dḥr.ḫr (active obligative)
dḥr (active imperfective)
dḥr (active prospective)
dḥr.kꜣ (active potential)
dḥr (active subjunctive)
dḥr.n (active participle perfect)
dḥr (active participle perfective)
dḥr (participle passive perfective)
dḥrw (participle passive perfective)
dḥry (participle passive perfective)
dḥr (active imperfective participle)
dḥry (active imperfective participle)
dḥrw (active imperfective participle)
dḥrj (active imperfective participle)
dḥr (imperfective participle passive)
dḥrw (imperfective participle passive)
dḥr (active participle prospective)
dḥrtj (active participle prospective)
dḥrtj (participle prospective)
dḥrt (participle prospective)

(intransitive, Late Egyptian, of the heart) to be(come) aggrieved or distressed


ḥꜣm

HA-A-m- 3-lit. (canonical)
ḥꜣm (infinitive)
ḥꜣmw (infinitive negative)
ḥꜣm (infinitive negative)
ḥꜣmt (infinitive)
ḥꜣm (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥꜣm (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥꜣm (stative)
ḥr ḥꜣm (imperfective)
m ḥꜣm (imperfective)
r ḥꜣm (prospective)
ḥꜣm.n (active perfect)
ḥꜣmw (passive perfect)
ḥꜣm (passive perfect)
ḥꜣm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḥꜣmt (terminative)
ḥꜣm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḥꜣm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḥꜣm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḥꜣm (active prospective)
ḥꜣmm (passive prospective)
ḥꜣm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḥꜣm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḥꜣm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḥꜣm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḥꜣm (active participle perfective)
ḥꜣm (participle passive perfective)
ḥꜣmw (participle passive perfective)
ḥꜣmy (participle passive perfective)
ḥꜣm (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥꜣmy (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥꜣmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḥꜣm (active imperfective participle)
ḥꜣmj (active imperfective participle)
ḥꜣmy (active imperfective participle)
ḥꜣm (imperfective participle passive)
ḥꜣmw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥꜣm (active participle prospective relative)
ḥꜣmtj (active participle prospective relative)
ḥꜣmtj (participle prospective)
ḥꜣmt (participle prospective)

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to catch red-handed, to catch (someone) doing something forbidden


qnw

x:r-i-r-m-xt:x*t-D54-h-r:W*N5-Z1-Z3-q:n-nw:W-Z9:Y1-Z3-Hr:Z1-Aa18:Z1-M22-M22-n:n


spḥ

s-p-H-V1 3-lit. (canonical)
spḥ (infinitive)
spḥw (infinitive negative)
spḥ (infinitive negative)
spḥt (infinitive)
spḥ (imperative infinitive singular)
spḥ (imperative infinitive plural)
spḥ (stative)
ḥr spḥ (imperfective)
m spḥ (imperfective)
r spḥ (prospective)
spḥ.n (active perfect)
spḥw (passive perfect)
spḥ (passive perfect)
spḥ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
spḥt (terminative)
spḥ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
spḥ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
spḥ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
spḥ (active prospective)
spḥḥ (passive prospective)
spḥ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
spḥ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
spḥ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
spḥ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
spḥ (active participle perfective)
spḥ (participle passive perfective)
spḥw (participle passive perfective)
spḥy (participle passive perfective)
spḥ (active imperfective participle relative)
spḥy (active imperfective participle relative)
spḥw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
spḥ (active imperfective participle)
spḥj (active imperfective participle)
spḥy (active imperfective participle)
spḥ (imperfective participle passive)
spḥw (imperfective participle passive)
spḥ (active participle prospective relative)
spḥtj (active participle prospective relative)
spḥtj (participle prospective)
spḥt (participle prospective)

(transitive, Late Egyptian, figuratively) to capture (someone) with one’s words


ky-ḏd

ky (“another”) + ḏd (“speaking”) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘another one of speaking’.

(Late Egyptian, in letters) stands at the start of phrases giving further information; furthermore; and another thing: …


ḫnmt

ḫnmt (singular)
ḫnmtj (dual)
ḫnmwt (plural)

ḫnm (“to attend on or rear a child”) + -t.

af

(Late Egyptian) (female) nurse or attendant of a child, especially of a god in the form of a child


srf

s-r:f-A7 3-lit. (canonical)
srf (infinitive)
srfw (infinitive negative)
srf (infinitive negative)
srft (infinitive)
srf (imperative infinitive singular)
srf (imperative infinitive plural)
srf (stative)
ḥr srf (imperfective)
m srf (imperfective)
r srf (prospective)
srf.n (active perfect)
srfw (passive perfect)
srf (passive perfect)
srf.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
srft (terminative)
srf (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
srf.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
srf (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
srf (active prospective)
srff (passive prospective)
srf.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
srf (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
srf.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
srf (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
srf (active participle perfective)
srf (participle passive perfective)
srfw (participle passive perfective)
srfy (participle passive perfective)
srf (active imperfective participle relative)
srfy (active imperfective participle relative)
srfw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
srf (active imperfective participle)
srfj (active imperfective participle)
srfy (active imperfective participle)
srf (imperfective participle passive)
srfw (imperfective participle passive)
srf (active participle prospective relative)
srftj (active participle prospective relative)
srftj (participle prospective)
srft (participle prospective)

cog

Hebrew שָׂרָף

(intransitive, Late Egyptian) to rest, to relax

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to bring to rest, to relax


ꜥꜣnbpꜣjr

ꜥꜣnbpꜣjr (singular)
ꜥꜣnbpꜣjrwj (dual)
ꜥꜣnbpꜣjrw (plural)


qrr

qrr (singular)
qrrwj (dual)
qrrw (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲣⲟⲩⲣ (khrour)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲣⲟⲩⲣ (krour)


wzf

w-z:f-G38-D54 3-lit. (canonical)
wzf (infinitive)
wzfw (infinitive negative)
wzf (infinitive negative)
wzft (infinitive)
wzf (imperative infinitive singular)
wzf (imperative infinitive plural)
wzf (stative)
ḥr wzf (imperfective)
m wzf (imperfective)
r wzf (prospective)
wzf.n (active perfect)
wzfw (passive perfect)
wzf (passive perfect)
wzf.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
wzft (terminative)
wzf (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
wzf.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
wzf (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
wzf (active prospective)
wzff (passive prospective)
wzf.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
wzf (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
wzf.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
wzf (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
wzf (active participle perfective)
wzf (participle passive perfective)
wzfw (participle passive perfective)
wzfy (participle passive perfective)
wzf (active imperfective participle relative)
wzfy (active imperfective participle relative)
wzfw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
wzf (active imperfective participle)
wzfj (active imperfective participle)
wzfy (active imperfective participle)
wzf (imperfective participle passive)
wzfw (imperfective participle passive)
wzf (active participle prospective relative)
wzftj (active participle prospective relative)
wzftj (participle prospective)
wzft (participle prospective)

Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱⲥϥ̄ (ouōsf̄)

(intransitive, Late Egyptian) to dawdle, to delay


wzf

wzf (infinitive)
wzfw (infinitive negative)
wzf (infinitive negative)
wzft (infinitive)
wzf (imperative infinitive singular)
wzf (imperative infinitive plural)
wzf (stative)
ḥr wzf (imperfective)
m wzf (imperfective)
r wzf (prospective)
wzf.n (active perfect)
wzfw (passive perfect)
wzf (passive perfect)
wzf.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
wzft (terminative)
wzf (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
wzf.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
wzf (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
wzf (active prospective)
wzff (passive prospective)
wzf.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
wzf (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
wzf.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
wzf (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
wzf (active participle perfective)
wzf (participle passive perfective)
wzfw (participle passive perfective)
wzfy (participle passive perfective)
wzf (active imperfective participle relative)
wzfy (active imperfective participle relative)
wzfw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
wzf (active imperfective participle)
wzfj (active imperfective participle)
wzfy (active imperfective participle)
wzf (imperfective participle passive)
wzfw (imperfective participle passive)
wzf (active participle prospective relative)
wzftj (active participle prospective relative)
wzftj (participle prospective)
wzft (participle prospective)

(Late Egyptian) idleness, time off, leave, lack of work for workers


btꜣ

(intransitive, Late Egyptian) to do wrong, to sin, to be(come) guilty of evil deeds


sḏrt

(Late Egyptian, uncountable) confinement to bed; bedrest, bedriddenness


šr

S:r-Xrd (canonical masculine)
šr (singular)
šrwj (dual)
šrw (plural)

Demotic: (šr)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲏⲣⲓ (šēri)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ϣⲏⲗⲓ (šēli), ϣⲏⲣⲓ (šēri)

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲏⲣⲉ (šēre)

(Late Egyptian) son, especially a younger son


sšd

sšd (singular)
sšdwj (dual)
sšdw (plural)

Demotic: ššṱ, ššt, ššte, sšṱ

Akhmimic Coptic: ϣⲱϣⲧ (šōšt)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ (šoušt)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ (šoušt)

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ̄ (šoušt̄), ϣⲱϣⲧ (šōšt)

(Late Egyptian) particularly, the magnificent window of the royal palace where the king makes public appearances


skm

s-km-m-Y1V caus. 2-lit. (canonical)
skmt (infinitive)
skm (infinitive)
skmw (infinitive negative)
skm (infinitive negative)
skm (imperative infinitive singular)
skm (imperative infinitive plural)
skm (stative)
ḥr skm (imperfective)
m skm (imperfective)
r skm (prospective)
skm.n (active perfect)
skmw (passive perfect)
skm (passive perfect)
skm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
skmt (terminative)
skm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
skm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
skm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
skmw (active prospective)
skm (active prospective)
skmy (active prospective)
skmw (passive prospective)
skm (passive prospective)
skmy (passive prospective)
skm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
skm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
skm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
skm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
skm (active participle perfective)
skm (participle passive perfective)
skmw (participle passive perfective)
skmy (participle passive perfective)
skm (active imperfective participle relative)
skmy (active imperfective participle relative)
skmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
skm (active imperfective participle)
skmj (active imperfective participle)
skmy (active imperfective participle)
skm (imperfective participle passive)
skmw (imperfective participle passive)
skm (active participle prospective relative)
skmtj (active participle prospective relative)
skmwtj (participle prospective)
skmtj (participle prospective)
skmt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-caus-x-lit

causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.

egy-conj-table

skmt

skmw.tj1, skm.tj1, skmy.tj1, skmw.tw2, skm.tw2, skmy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + km (“to complete”).

af

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to end (a letter)


šnꜥw

Sna:a-w-pr (canonical masculine)
šnꜥw (singular)
šnꜥwwj (dual)
šnꜥww (plural)


mnḥtj

desc

→ Ancient Greek: θαλλός (thallós, “gift”) (semantic loan)

A borrowing from Semitic; compare Hebrew מִנְחָה (minḥā, “gift offering, afternoon prayer”), Arabic مِنْحَة (minḥa, “gift”), Phoenician 𐤌𐤍𐤇𐤕 (mnḥt), Ge'ez መሐና (mäḥäna).


mtw

From ḥnꜥ + ntf and similarly + nts, + ntk, + ntṯ, etc., with the final sound in each case reinterpreted as the corresponding suffix pronoun (thus -f in ḥnꜥ ntf as suffixal .f) and so treated separately.

(Late Egyptian, with attached suffix pronoun and following infinitive) forms the conjunctive


jrm

Demotic: jrm

Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲉⲙ (nem)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲛ̄ (mn̄), ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁ⸗ (nm̄ma⸗)

Contracted from earlier r mn (“together with”), from still earlier r mn m (“up to, as far as”, literally “to remain in”).

(Late Egyptian) together with, along with, with (comitative)

(Late Egyptian, less commonly) and, in addition to


ḥnꜥ-ḏd

/hɛnɑː d͡ʒɛd/

ḥnꜥ (“together with, and”) + ḏd (“speaking”).

af

(Late Egyptian) and furthermore; introduces a new subject in a letter, or else the proper text of the letter after any introductory formulae


m-jr

Coptic: ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄- (m̄pr̄-)

m (imperative of jmj (“to not do”)) + jr (negatival complement of jrj (“to do”)).

imperative of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jmj</i> (“to not do”)

negatival complement of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jrj</i> (“to do”)

(Late Egyptian, with following infinitive) don’t; forms the negative imperative (prohibitive)


m-dyt

m (imperative of jmj (“to not do”)) + dyt (probably the infinitive of rḏj (“to give”)). The second element takes a written form that differs considerably from the ordinary forms of the infinitive of rḏj but despite this is probably best considered the infinitive.

probably the infinitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">rḏj</i> (“to give”)

(Late Egyptian, with following subjunctive) don’t let …, don’t make…; forms the negative causative imperative


m-jr-djt

⇒ Coptic: ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- (m̄pr̄tre-)

m-jr (negative imperative auxiliary) + djt (infinitive of rḏj (“to give”)).

infinitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">rḏj</i> (“to give”)


wꜣr

wꜣr (singular)
wꜣrwj (dual)
wꜣrw (plural)

(Late Egyptian) a kind of lute or reed pipe


r jqr

r (“regarding, with respect to”) + jqr (“what is excellent or exceedingly so”).


šꜣrm

From a Northwest Semitic form reflected in Hebrew שָׁלוֹם (šālōm).

cog

Hebrew שָׁלוֹם (šālōm)

-W:A1:Z2-p*x:d:xr-Hr*Z1:D&d-SA:A-r:M:a-A4:Z2
wrw p(ꜣ)ḫd ḥr ḏd šꜣrm

c. 1208 B.C.E., Merneptah Stele, Line 26

The overthrown princes are saying ‘Peace!’


šꜣrm

Hebrew שָׁלוֹם (šālōm)

(intransitive, Late Egyptian) to sue for peace


m-ḏr

Coptic: ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- (n̄te-)

m (“in”) + ḏr (“limit, since, because”).

(Late Egyptian) makes a subjunctive-prospective sḏm.f construction serve as a dependent temporal clause

as, when, at the time of, upon (some occurrence)


qꜣw

qꜣw (singular)
qꜣwwj (dual)
qꜣww (plural)

qꜣj (“to be(come) high, tall, loud”) + -w.


bḥ

b-H-Y1-A24 2-lit. (canonical)
bḥ (infinitive)
bḥw (infinitive negative)
bḥ (infinitive negative)
bḥt (infinitive)
bḥ (imperative infinitive singular)
j.bḥ (imperative infinitive singular)
bḥ (imperative infinitive plural)
j.bḥ (imperative infinitive plural)
bḥ (stative)
ḥr bḥ (imperfective)
m bḥ (imperfective)
r bḥ (prospective)
bḥ.n (active perfect)
bḥ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
bḥt (active terminative)
bḥ (active perfective)
bḥ.ḫr (active obligative)
bḥ (active imperfective)
j.bḥ (active imperfective)
bḥ (active prospective)
bḥ.kꜣ (active potential)
bḥ (active subjunctive)
j.bḥ (active subjunctive)
bḥ.n (active participle perfect)
bḥ (active participle perfective)
bḥḥ (participle passive perfective)
bḥḥj (participle passive perfective)
bḥ (participle passive perfective)
bḥw (participle passive perfective)
bḥy (participle passive perfective)
j.bḥ (active imperfective participle)
bḥ (active imperfective participle)
bḥy (active imperfective participle)
bḥw (active imperfective participle)
j.bḥw (active imperfective participle)
bḥj (active imperfective participle)
bḥ (imperfective participle passive)
bḥw (imperfective participle passive)
bḥ (active participle prospective)
bḥtj (active participle prospective)
bḥtj (participle prospective)
bḥt (participle prospective)

(intransitive, Late Egyptian) to be(come) obligated to perform corvee labor


bḥ

(Late Egyptian) an agent for tanning leather


bḥw

bḥ (“to be obligated to perform corvee labor”) + -w.


ꜥqy

ꜥqy (singular)
ꜥqywj (dual)
ꜥqyw (plural)

Demotic: ꜥyq

Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲓⲕ (aik)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲁⲉⲓⲕ (aeik)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲉⲓⲕ (aeik)

(Late Egyptian, hapax legomenon) ceremonial entrance of the king


ꜥrꜥr

a:r-a:r-Z9:D40 4-lit. (canonical)
ꜥrꜥr (infinitive)
ꜥrꜥrw (infinitive negative)
ꜥrꜥr (infinitive negative)
ꜥrꜥrt (infinitive)
ꜥrꜥr (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜥrꜥr (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜥrꜥr (stative)
ḥr ꜥrꜥr (imperfective)
m ꜥrꜥr (imperfective)
r ꜥrꜥr (prospective)
ꜥrꜥr.n (active perfect)
ꜥrꜥrw (passive perfect)
ꜥrꜥr (passive perfect)
ꜥrꜥr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜥrꜥrt (terminative)
ꜥrꜥr (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜥrꜥr.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜥrꜥr (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜥrꜥrw (active prospective)
ꜥrꜥr (active prospective)
ꜥrꜥrw (passive prospective)
ꜥrꜥr (passive prospective)
ꜥrꜥr.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜥrꜥr (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜥrꜥr.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜥrꜥr (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜥrꜥr (active participle perfective)
ꜥrꜥr (participle passive perfective)
ꜥrꜥrw (participle passive perfective)
ꜥrꜥry (participle passive perfective)
ꜥrꜥr (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥrꜥry (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥrꜥrw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ꜥrꜥr (active imperfective participle)
ꜥrꜥrj (active imperfective participle)
ꜥrꜥry (active imperfective participle)
ꜥrꜥr (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥrꜥrw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥrꜥr (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥrꜥrtj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥrꜥrwtj (participle prospective)
ꜥrꜥrtj (participle prospective)
ꜥrꜥrt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

ꜥrꜥrt

ꜥrꜥrw.tj1, ꜥrꜥr.tj1, ꜥrꜥrw.tw2, ꜥrꜥr.tw2

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to carry out, to execute (tasks and commands)

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to produce or procure (an object)

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to hire or appoint (people) for some task


ꜥrꜥr

ꜥrꜥr (singular)
ꜥrꜥrwj (dual)
ꜥrꜥrw (plural)

(Late Egyptian) a kind of receptacle, perhaps a kind of basket


ꜣrr

>? Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲗⲱⲗ (alōl)

(Late Egyptian, hapax legomenon) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

i-W-t:n:Z2-G7-Sd:d-Z5-BLACKDOT:Y1-A24-s-t-r-m:*t-Z6-nb-r-Ab-m:r-nDs-nb-r-x:n-nw-W-T14-G41:Y1-A2-nb-!-r-b-t-U30-A-W-nDs-nb-r-t:x-t:x-Z9-A24-nb-r-A-BLACKDOT:r*Z1-BLACKDOT:r*Z1-Z9-A24-nb-r-md-d:t*BLACKDOT-A2-nb-!-b-i-n:nDs-Z6-r-md-d:t*BLACKDOT-A2-nb-d-Hr:r-i-W-Aa2:nDs-r-md-d:t*BLACKDOT-A2-nb-Z1*Z1:nw-BLACKDOT:Y1-r-md-d:t*BLACKDOT-A2-p-W-i-A-TA*Z1-Z9-A24
jw.{t}n (r) šd.st r mwt nb r mr nb r ḫnw nb r btꜣw nb r tḫtḫ nb r ꜣrr nb r mdwt nb bjn r mdwt nb dḥrjw r mdwt nb snnw r mdwt pwjꜣṯꜣ

c. 21st–23rd Dynasty, 1077–720 BCE, Oracular Amuletic Decree L1 (pBM EA 10083), recto, lines x+23 to x+28

We will rescue her from every death, from every sickness, from every abomination, from every ill deed, from every confusion, from every frustration, from every evil word, from every bitter word, from every second(-rate) word, and from mocking words.


ꜥꜥt

Perhaps from ꜣꜥꜥ (“to accuse, to harm”) + -t.


mḫꜣ

m-a:x-xA-A-U38 3-lit. (canonical)
mḫꜣ (infinitive)
mḫꜣw (infinitive negative)
mḫꜣ (infinitive negative)
mḫꜣt (infinitive)
mḫꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
mḫꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
mḫꜣ (stative)
ḥr mḫꜣ (imperfective)
m mḫꜣ (imperfective)
r mḫꜣ (prospective)
mḫꜣ.n (active perfect)
mḫꜣw (passive perfect)
mḫꜣ (passive perfect)
mḫꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
mḫꜣt (terminative)
mḫꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
mḫꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
mḫꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
mḫꜣ (active prospective)
mḫꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
mḫꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
mḫꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
mḫꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
mḫꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
mḫꜣ (active participle perfective)
mḫꜣ (participle passive perfective)
mḫꜣw (participle passive perfective)
mḫꜣy (participle passive perfective)
mḫꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
mḫꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
mḫꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
mḫꜣ (active imperfective participle)
mḫꜣj (active imperfective participle)
mḫꜣy (active imperfective participle)
mḫꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
mḫꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
mḫꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
mḫꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
mḫꜣtj (participle prospective)
mḫꜣt (participle prospective)

Ultimately a derivation of ḫꜣj (“to measure”). Compare the noun mḫꜣt (“balance scales”), apparently formed with the nominalizing prefix m-, which suggests that this verb is probably a back-formation from the noun, as already put forward by Gardiner.

(intransitive, with n, Late Egyptian) to be like, to resemble (someone or something)


mḫꜣ

mḫꜣ (singular)
mḫꜣwj (dual)
mḫꜣw (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲙϣⲓ (amši)

(Late Egyptian) part of a chariot: loop of rope, strap


mḫꜣ

(Late Egyptian) a unit by which figs are counted, perhaps a wreath of figs


ꜥꜣ-n-mḏw

aA:n-mD (canonical masculine)
ꜥꜣ-n-mḏw (singular)
ꜥꜣwj-nwj-mḏw (dual)
ꜥꜣw-nw-mḏw (plural)

desc

Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲛⲙⲏⲧ (anmēt), ⲁⲙⲙⲏⲧ (ammēt)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛⲙⲏⲧ (anmēt), ⲁⲙⲙⲏⲧ (ammēt)

/ɑːʔɑ ɛn mɛd͡ʒuː/

ꜥꜣ (“great one”) + n (“of”) + mḏw (“ten”).

af

(Late Egyptian) foreman in charge of ten men; decadarch, decurion


ꜥꜣ-dyw

ꜥꜣ-dyw (singular)
ꜥꜣwj-dyw (dual)
ꜥꜣw-dyw (plural)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩ (antaiou)

/ɑːʔɑ diːuː/

(Late Egyptian) foreman in charge of fifty men; pentecontarch


jwnꜣ

E9:W-n:A-A2 enclitic (canonical)
ɂsingularOrFEqualsFemRoot (singular)

Demotic: jn, ꜣn, ꜥn

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉⲛ (en)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲛ (an)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲉⲛ (en)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛ (an)

(Late Egyptian) accompanies bn to negate an adverbial or nominal sentence, following after the negated element


jnḥw

Demotic: jnḥ

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲛϩ (onh)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛϩ (anh), ⲟⲛϩ (onh)


ḫꜣbwsꜣ

ḫꜣbwsꜣ (singular)
ḫꜣbwsꜣwj (dual)
ḫꜣbwsꜣw (plural)

Demotic: ẖbs

Akhmimic Coptic: ⳉⲏⲃⲥ (xēbs)

Bohairic Coptic: ϧⲏⲃⲥ (xēbs)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲏⲃⲥ (hēbs), ϩⲏⲃⲉⲥ (hēbes)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲏⲃⲥ (hēbs)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲏⲃⲥ (hēbs), ϩⲉⲃⲥ (hebs), ϩⲃⲥ (hbs)


ḫꜣbwsꜣ

xA-A-b-W-Aa18:Z1-N8 3-lit. (canonical)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (infinitive)
ḫꜣbwsꜣw (infinitive negative)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (infinitive negative)
ḫꜣbwsꜣt (infinitive)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (stative)
ḥr ḫꜣbwsꜣ (imperfective)
m ḫꜣbwsꜣ (imperfective)
r ḫꜣbwsꜣ (prospective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ.n (active perfect)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ḫꜣbwsꜣt (active terminative)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (active perfective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (active imperfective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (active prospective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (active subjunctive)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ.n (active participle perfect)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (active participle perfective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣw (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣy (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣbwsꜣy (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣbwsꜣw (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣbwsꜣj (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
ḫꜣbwsꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
ḫꜣbwsꜣ (active participle prospective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣtj (active participle prospective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣtj (participle prospective)
ḫꜣbwsꜣt (participle prospective)

(intransitive, Late Egyptian, of the sun) to shine