mustard

From Middle English mustard, from Old French moustarde (French moutarde), from moust (“must”), from Latin mustum. Compare Saterland Frisian Muster (“mustard”), Dutch mosterd (“mustard”), German Low German Musterd (“mustard”), Icelandic mustarður (“mustard”). Displaced Middle English senep, from Old English senep, from Latin sināpi (“mustard”). Doublet of mostarda.

My expectations of public services were nil, so any time within a month was fine by me. They did it in less than a week, which was mustard.

2005, Bernard Hare, Urban Grimshaw and the Shed Crew, London: Sceptre, →ISBN, page 168:


mustard

English: mustard

Fingallian: mustard

Scots: mustard, mustart

mostard (alternative)
mostarde (alternative)
mustart (alternative)
mustarde (alternative)
musterd (alternative)

Mustard; a condiment made from mustard seeds.


salsa

desctree

→ Greek: σάλτσα (sáltsa)
→ Ottoman Turkish: صالچه (salça)
Turkish: salça

→ Ottoman Turkish: صالسه (salsa)

From Vulgar Latin *salsa, noun use of the feminine of Latin salsus (“salted”), from saliō, from sal.


salsa

→ Cebuano: salsa

→ Dutch: salsa

→ English: salsa

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *salsa, noun use of the feminine of Latin salsus (“salted”), from saliō, from sal.

(Mexico, Latin America) A sauce and/or dip of varying textures with a typical base of tomatoes, onion, and chili peppers.


suka

Borrowing ultimately from Sanskrit चुक्रा (cukrā, “tamarind tree”), possibly through Malay cuka (“soured wine, vinegar”). Compare Ilocano suka, Maranao soka' and Tausug suka'.


suka

Audio

Antonio Pigafetta
Magellan's circumnavigation

Borrowing ultimately from Sanskrit चुक्रा (cukrā, “tamarind tree”), possibly through Malay cuka (“soured wine, vinegar”).First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pigafetta

vinegar; a sour liquid formed by the fermentation of alcohol used as a condiment or preservative; a dilute solution of acetic acid


butter

Someone or something that butts in; a busybody.


sal

→ Navajo: sáál

Papiamentu: salu

→ Ye'kwana: saayu

Inherited from Old Spanish sal, from Latin salem (compare Catalan sal f, French sel m, Italian sale m, Portuguese sal m, Romanian sare f; also English salt). It is not known how the noun became feminine.

(Central America, Mexico, Dominican Republic) bad luck, misfortune


mielo

eo-head

mielo (accusative singular mielon, plural mieloj, accusative plural mielojn)

mielon (accusative singular)
mieloj (plural)
mielojn (accusative plural)

From Romance terms such as French miel and Italian miele, both from Latin mel. Not to be confused with mjelo (“spinal cord”).


mielo

Borrowed from Esperanto mielo, French miel, Italian miele, Spanish miel.

io-bor

Juergen Viol (tr.), La Evangelio segun Markus, I 6, page 2.

Now John was dressed in camelhair and wore a leather girdle round his loins, and he ate locusts and wild honey.

Ioanes ma esis vestizita per kamelhari e portis ledra zono cirkum lua lumbi, ed il manjis lokusti e sovaja mielo.


honing

Afrikaans: heuning

Negerhollands: henig, honing

→ Papiamentu: honing, heinik (dated)

→? Sranan Tongo: oni

→ Aukan: oniki

→ Saramaccan: honi

From Middle Dutch honinch (“honey”), from Old Dutch honing, from Proto-Germanic *hunangą. Cognate with English honey and German Honig.


醋

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sʰaːɡs): semantic 酉 + phonetic 昔 (OC *sjaːɡ).


tomato sauce

en-noun

tomato sauce (usually uncountable, plural tomato sauces)

A plastic tomato sauce bottle, which could have been cut in half to make a flower pot, was quickly surveyed along with other trophies, and received the death sentence. “In the bin, Bob.”

1979 June, Peter C. Harper, Robert Alexander Falla K.B.E., C.M.G., M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S.N.Z.: An Appreciation, page 356:

1980 January-May, Laurence Le Guay, Cruising World, page 98,
I quickly learned that there is a hell of a difference between tomato sauce and ketchup and that there is an even greater difference when it comes to mayonnaise: real American or the pseudo Australian — and I had always believed this to be a French concoction.

The event was a BBQ in the peaceful and picturesque System Garden at the University of Melbourne, Parkville campus. Food was plentifil and included a variety of sausages and veggie burgers, onions, bread and tomato sauce in addition to soft drinks.

2003 March, Microbiology Australia, page 46:

(UK, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) Tomato ketchup, used as a condiment.


wasabi

wasabi (usually uncountable, plural wasabis)

A pungent green Japanese condiment made from the plant Eutrema japonicum (syn. Wasabia japonica).


wasabi

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 山葵 (wasabi).

ubor

Eutrema japonicum
Wikispecies:Eutrema japonicum


horseradish

en-noun

horseradish (countable and uncountable, plural horseradishes)

/ˈhɔɹsɹædɪʃ/

/ˈhɔːsɹædɪʃ/

(uncountable) A pungent condiment made from the root of the plant.


山葵

/ʂän⁵⁵ kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ kʷʰɐi̯²¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ kʷʰɐi̯²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山葵 (wasabi).

obor

Japanese horseradish
Japanese horseradish

wasabi: the Japanese horseradish (Eutrema japonicum, Wasabia japonica)


山葵

山葵 (canonical)
山葵 (canonical)
wasabi (romanization)

→ English: wasabi

→ Hokkien: 哇沙米 (oa-sá-bih)

→ Mandarin: 哇沙比 (wāshābǐ)

→ Miyako: 山葵 (wasabi)

*/wasapi/ → /wasabi/
First attested in the Honzō Wamyō (918 CE) with this kanji compound and phonetic spelling of 和佐比.
The kanji reflects where the plant was first observed: 山 (yama, “mountains”), and their leaves resembling 葵 (aoi, “hollyhocks”) or 銭葵 (zeniaoi, “mallows”).

山葵澄まし

grated wasabi mixed with soy sauce and mirin

山葵 葉似葵、故名之、生深山、出崔禹 竜珠 実名也、出孟詵 和名和佐比

c. 918, 深根輔仁 [Fukane Sukehito], 本草和名 [Japanese Names of Herbs, Honzō Wamyō]:

the wasabi plant, the Japanese horseradish (Eutrema japonicum)


西洋山葵

ja-noun

西(せい)洋(よう)山葵(わさび) or 西洋山葵(セイヨウワサビ) • (seiyō wasabi) ^(←せいやうわさび (seiyauwasabi)?)

西洋山葵 (canonical)
西洋山葵 (canonical)
seiyō wasabi (romanization)
seiyauwasabi (romanization)
せいやうわさび (hiragana historical)

Compound of 西洋(せいよう) (seiyō, “Western”) + 山葵(わさび) (wasabi, “wasabi”).


curry

en-verb

curry (third-person singular simple present curries, present participle currying, simple past and past participle curried)

curries (present singular third-person)
currying (participle present)
curried (participle past)
curried (past)

From Middle English currayen, from Old French correer (“to prepare”), presumably from Vulgar Latin *conredare, from Latin com- (a form of con- (“with; together”)) + a verb derived from Proto-Germanic *raidaz. More at ready.

Your short horse is soon curried.

1610–1614, John Fletcher, “The Tragedie of Valentinian”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act II, scene i:

One day I was out in the barn and he drifted in. I was currying the horse and he set down on the wheelbarrow and begun to ask questions.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter XI, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

(transitive) To groom (a horse); to dress or rub down a horse with a curry comb.


curry

Unadapted borrowing from English curry, from Tamil கறி (kaṟi).


curry

curry (indefinite nominative singular)
currys (genitive indefinite singular)
curryn (definite nominative singular)
curryns (definite genitive singular)


sauce

en-noun

sauce (countable and uncountable, plural sauces)

sauces (plural)
sawce (alternative obsolete)

→ Japanese: ソース

→ Scottish Gaelic: sabhs

PIE word
 *séh₂ls
From Middle English sauce, from Old French sause, from Vulgar Latin *salsa, noun use of the feminine of Latin salsus (“salted”), past participle of saliō (“I salt”), from sal. Doublet of salsa.
For the meaning development compare Ancient Greek ἥδυσμα (hḗdusma) ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swéh₂dus (whence also English sweet).

source (non-rhotic, horse–hoarse merger)

what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander


sauce

sauces (plural)
sause (alternative)
sawce (alternative)
sawse (alternative)
salse (alternative)
saus (alternative)
saws (alternative)

English: sauce

Scots: sauce

From Old French sause, from Vulgar Latin *salsa, from Latin salsus (“salted”).

Wo was his cook, but if his ſauce were / Poynaunt and ſhaꝛp, and redy al his geere.

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 353–354:

Woe to his cook, except if his sauce was / sour and sharp, and all his equipment was ready […]


gravy

gravy (usually uncountable, plural gravies)

→ Welsh: grefi

From Middle English gravey, greavie, gravy; probably from greaves, graves (“the sediment of melted tallow”), or from Old French grave, a claimed misspelling of grané (“stew, spice”), from grain (“spice”).
Sense of "pasta sauce" apparently seems to be from Italian dialect, especially Calabrian, differentiating tomato puree (salsa (“sauce”)) from cooked tomato sauce (sugo).

With this the hostess poured two or three spoonfuls of the gravy of the curry on to the rice opposite to each person.

1879, The Sunday at Home, volume 26, page 342:

Now it seems that Pa Senik was a little deaf. Awang noticed that his father-in-law sometimes poured the gravy of his curry on his rice and that sometimes he sucked it up.

1906, Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, "Pa Senik and his Son-in-Law Awang", Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, page 59-60

This is strained with a piece of cloth or a strainer and the green liquid forms the gravy of the curry.

1992, Khammān Khonkhai, The Teachers of Mad Dog Swamp:

Return flaked fish to curry gravy and bring to the boil.

2007, Geok Boi Lee, Classic Asian Noodles, Marshall Cavendish, →ISBN, page 158:

(uncountable, India, Singapore) Curry sauce.


meli

From Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


mel

From Proto-Celtic *meli (“honey”) (compare Welsh mêl, Old Irish mil), from Proto-Indo-European *mélid, whence also Latin mel (“honey”).


mel

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


mel

Inherited from Late Latin mēlum, variant of mālum (“apple”).


mel

(archaic) contraction of me el (in medieval Catalan, nowadays written as me'l)


mel

mel (unmutated)
vel (soft)
fel (mixed)
vel (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *mel, from Proto-Celtic *meli (“honey”) (compare Welsh mêl, Old Irish mil), from Proto-Indo-European *mélid, whence also Latin mel (“honey”).


mel

From Old Galician-Portuguese mel, from Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


mel

la-noun

mel n (genitive mellis); third declension

mellis (genitive)
mel (nominative singular)
mella (nominative plural)
mellis (genitive singular)
mellium (genitive plural)
mellum (genitive plural)
mellī (dative singular)
mellibus (dative plural)
mel (accusative singular)
mella (accusative plural)
melle (ablative singular)
mellī (ablative singular)
mellibus (ablative plural)
mel (singular vocative)
mella (plural vocative)

Vulgar Latin: *melem m or f (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Italic *meli, from Proto-Indo-European *mel-it (“honey”), with the athematic suffix *-it that indicates comestible substances (compare Proto-Indo-European *h₂élbʰ-it (“barley”) or Proto-Indo-European *sép-it (“wheat”)). Cognate with Ancient Greek μέλι (méli), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌸 (miliþ), Old Armenian մեղր (mełr), Hittite [script needed] (milit), Luwian [script needed] (mallit-).

Sed nos veremur ne parum hic liber mellis et absinthii multum habere videatur

c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria 3.1.5

But I fear that this book will have too little sweetness and too much wormwood.


mel

mels (plural)
mèl (alternative Sursilvan)
meal (alternative Sutsilvan)
mêl (alternative Surmiran)

From Vulgar Latin *melem m, from Latin mel n.


moster

Ultimately from Latin mustum. Compare English mustard, Dutch mosterd (“mustard”), German Low German Musterd (“mustard”), Icelandic mustarður (“mustard”).


æced

æċed (canonical neuter)
æċed (nominative singular)
æċed (accusative singular)
æċedes (genitive singular)
æċede (dative singular)
eċed (alternative)
æċċed (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *aket, from Latin acētum. Compare Old Saxon ecid, West Frisian jittik, Old High German ezzih (German Essig), Old Norse edik (Danish eddike, Swedish ättika).


relish

en-noun

relish (countable and uncountable, plural relishes)

Alteration of reles (“scent, taste, aftertaste”), from Old French relais, reles (“something remaining, that which is left behind”), from relaisser (“to leave behind”).

Congressmen gleefully wolfed down every imaginable version of the hot dog – smoked kielbasas, jumbo grillers, Big & Juicy's, kosher dogs and spiced dogs – topped with every imaginable condiment – hot mustard, sweet mustard, jalapenos, spaghetti sauce, regular relish, corn relish, maple syrup salsa and the secret sauce of Rep. Jack Kingston (R-Ga.). ("If I told you the recipe," an aide explained, "I'd have to shoot you.")

1994 July 21, Faye Fiore, “Congress relishes another franking privilege: Meat lobby puts on the dog with exclusive luncheon for lawmakers – experts on pork”, in Los Angeles Times:

A cooked or pickled sauce, usually made with vegetables or fruits, generally used as a condiment.

Chutney

specialist use, chiefly for foreign cuisines


relish

en-verb

relish (third-person singular simple present relishes, present participle relishing, simple past and past participle relished)

relishes (present singular third-person)
relishing (participle present)
relished (participle past)
relished (past)
rellish (alternative)

(transitive) To taste or eat with pleasure, to like the flavor of

品味

to taste or eat with pleasure; to like the flavor of

honourable enterprises are accompanied with dangers and damages, as experience evinceth; they will make the rest of thy life relish the better.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 3:

Had I been the finder-out of this secret, it would not have relish'd among my other discredits.

c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

A theory, which, how much soever it may relish of wit and invention, hath no foundation in nature.

1695, John Woodward, An essay toward a natural history of the earth:

(obsolete, intransitive) To taste; to have a specified taste or flavour.

подправям

(obsolete) to give a relish to; to cause to taste agreeably

gorentar

(obsolete) to have a pleasing or appetizing taste

By this the boiling Kettle had prepar'd, / And to the Table ſent, the ſmoaking Lard; / On which the eager Appetite they dine, / A ſav'ry Bit, that ſerv'd to relliſh Wine: [...]

1717, John Dryden, “Book VIII. [The Story of Baucis and Philemon.]”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, pages 285–286:

(transitive) To give a taste to; to cause to taste nice, to make appetizing.


vinaigrette

en-noun

vinaigrette (countable and uncountable, plural vinaigrettes)

vinaigrettes (plural)
vinegarette (alternative)

Borrowed from French vinaigrette. Sense 4 (“type of Russian salad”) is a semantic loan from Russian винегре́т (vinegrét), whence also the doublet vinegret.

semantic loan

A sauce, made of an acidic liquid such as vinegar or lemon juice; oil; and other ingredients, used as a salad dressing, or as a marinade for cold meats.


vinaigrette

head

vinaigrette c (singular definite vinaigretten, not used in plural form)

vinaigretten (definite singular)
vinaigrette (indefinite nominative singular)
vinaigretten (definite nominative singular)
vinaigrettes (genitive indefinite singular)
vinaigrettens (definite genitive singular)


vinaigrette

→ Catalan: vinagreta

→ English: vinaigrette

desctree

→ Russian: винегре́т m (vinegrét)
→ English: vinegret; → vinaigrette (semantic loan)


சட்னி

ta-noun

சட்னி • (caṭṉi)

caṭṉi (romanization)
சட்னி (nominative singular)
சட்னிகள் (nominative plural)
சட்னியே (singular vocative)
சட்னிகளே (plural vocative)
சட்னியை (accusative singular)
சட்னிகளை (accusative plural)
சட்னிக்கு (dative singular)
சட்னிகளுக்கு (dative plural)
சட்னிக்காக (benefactive singular)
சட்னிகளுக்காக (benefactive plural)
சட்னியுடைய (singular)
சட்னிகளுடைய (plural)
சட்னியின் (singular)
சட்னிகளின் (plural)
சட்னியில் (singular)
சட்னிகளில் (plural)
சட்னியிடம் (singular)
சட்னிகளிடம் (plural)
சட்னியோடு (singular)
சட்னிகளோடு (plural)
சட்னியுடன் (singular)
சட்னிகளுடன் (plural)
சட்னியால் (instrumental singular)
சட்னிகளால் (instrumental plural)
சட்னியிலிருந்து (ablative singular)
சட்னிகளிலிருந்து (ablative plural)
சட்டினி (alternative)

Borrowed from Hindustani चटनी / چٹنی (caṭnī).


chutney

en-noun

chutney (usually uncountable, plural chutneys)

→ French: chutney

→ Italian: chutney

→ Japanese: チャツネ

→ Portuguese: chutney

→ Spanish: chutney

→ Swedish: chutney

Borrowed from Hindustani चटनी (caṭnī) / چَٹْنِی (caṭnī).

(music) A style of Indo-Caribbean music from the West Indies, associated especially with Trinidad and Tobago.


ketchup

ketchup (countable and uncountable, plural ketchups)

ketchups (plural)
catsup (alternative)
catchup (alternative)
katjap (alternative)
katsup (alternative)
kechap (alternative)
ketsup (alternative)

→ Arabic: كَتْشَب (katšab)

→ Belarusian: кетчуп (kjetčup)

→ Bulgarian: кетчуп (ketčup)

→ Cantonese: 茄汁 (ke⁴⁻² zap¹)

→ Catalan: quètxup

→ Czech: kečup

→ Danish: ketchup

→ Dutch: ketchup

→ Finnish: ketsuppi

→ French: ketchup

desctree

→ German: Ketchup, Catchup (obsolete), Ketschup (superseded)
→ Lower Sorbian: ketšup

→ Greek: κέτσαπ (kétsap)

→ Hebrew: קֶטְשׁוֹפּ (ketshop)

→ Hokkien: 茄汁 (kiô-chap) (Singapore)

→ Hungarian: ketchup

→ Irish: citseap

→ Japanese: ケチャップ (kechappu)

→ Korean: 케첩 (kecheop)

→ Marshallese: kōjjeb

→ Persian: کچاپ (kečâp)

→ Polish: keczup, ketchup

→ Portuguese: ketchup

→ Romanian: ketchup

→ Russian: кетчуп (ketčup)
→ Armenian: կետչուպ (ketčʻup)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кечап

Latin script: kečap

→ Spanish: ketchup, kétchup

→ Swedish: ketchup

→ Tagalog: ketsap

→ Thai: เค็ตชัป (két-chàp)

→ Turkish: ketçap

→ Ukrainian: кетчуп (ketčup)

→ Uzbek: ketchup

→ Welsh: cetsyp

→ Yiddish: קעטשאָפּ (ketshop)

Uncertain, but probably ultimately from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”) via Malay kicap, though the precise path is unclear – there are related words in various Chinese languages, and it may have entered English directly from Hokkien Chinese. Cognate to Indonesian kecap, ketjap (“soy sauce”). Various other theories exist – see Ketchup: Etymology for extended discussion.
First appeared in English in the late 17th century in reference to a Southeast Asian sauce encountered by British traders and sailors. The Oxford English Dictionary notes that it was commonly used in the 18th century to refer to a variety of similar sauces with varying ingredients—"anchovies, mushrooms, walnuts, and oysters being particularly popular"—but by the late 19th century the current tomato ketchup became the most popular form.
Catsup (earlier catchup) is an alternative Anglicization, still in use in the U.S.

The bottles, however, were port bottles, but contained mushroom ketchup; […]

1883, Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery, page lxxxiii:

To accompany meat, we prepare fruit ketchups and rhubarb chutney.

2003, Inns and Bed and Breakfasts in Quebec 2003, Ulysses Travel Guides, page 46:

(countable, now rare) Such a sauce more generally (not necessarily based on tomatoes, but with mushrooms, fish, etc.). This is the older meaning.


ketchup

nl-noun

ketchup m (plural ketchups, diminutive ketchupje n)

ketchups (plural)
ketchupje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap). Doublet of ketjap.


ketchup

Borrowed from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap).


ketchup

ketchupök (plural)
ketchupok (plural)
ketchup (nominative singular)
ketchupök (nominative plural)
ketchupöt (accusative singular)
ketchupöket (accusative plural)
ketchupnek (dative singular)
ketchupöknek (dative plural)
ketchuppel (instrumental singular)
ketchupökkel (instrumental plural)
ketchupért (causal-final singular)
ketchupökért (causal-final plural)
ketchuppé (singular translative)
ketchupökké (plural translative)
ketchupig (singular terminative)
ketchupökig (plural terminative)
ketchupként (essive-formal singular)
ketchupökként (essive-formal plural)
ketchupben (inessive singular)
ketchupökben (inessive plural)
ketchupön (singular superessive)
ketchupökön (plural superessive)
ketchupnél (adessive singular)
ketchupöknél (adessive plural)
ketchupbe (illative singular)
ketchupökbe (illative plural)
ketchupre (singular sublative)
ketchupökre (plural sublative)
ketchuphöz (allative singular)
ketchupökhöz (allative plural)
ketchupből (elative singular)
ketchupökből (elative plural)
ketchupről (delative singular)
ketchupökről (delative plural)
ketchuptől (ablative singular)
ketchupöktől (ablative plural)
ketchupé (singular)
ketchupöké (plural)
ketchupéi (singular)
ketchupökéi (plural)
ketchupöm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
ketchupjeim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
ketchupöd (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ketchupjeid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
ketchupje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ketchupjei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
ketchupünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
ketchupjeink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
ketchupötök (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
ketchupjeitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
ketchupjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ketchupjeik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
ketchup (nominative singular)
ketchupok (nominative plural)
ketchupot (accusative singular)
ketchupokat (accusative plural)
ketchupnak (dative singular)
ketchupoknak (dative plural)
ketchuppal (instrumental singular)
ketchupokkal (instrumental plural)
ketchupért (causal-final singular)
ketchupokért (causal-final plural)
ketchuppá (singular translative)
ketchupokká (plural translative)
ketchupig (singular terminative)
ketchupokig (plural terminative)
ketchupként (essive-formal singular)
ketchupokként (essive-formal plural)
ketchupban (inessive singular)
ketchupokban (inessive plural)
ketchupon (singular superessive)
ketchupokon (plural superessive)
ketchupnál (adessive singular)
ketchupoknál (adessive plural)
ketchupba (illative singular)
ketchupokba (illative plural)
ketchupra (singular sublative)
ketchupokra (plural sublative)
ketchuphoz (allative singular)
ketchupokhoz (allative plural)
ketchupból (elative singular)
ketchupokból (elative plural)
ketchupról (delative singular)
ketchupokról (delative plural)
ketchuptól (ablative singular)
ketchupoktól (ablative plural)
ketchupé (singular)
ketchupoké (plural)
ketchupéi (singular)
ketchupokéi (plural)
ketchupom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
ketchupjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
ketchupod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ketchupjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
ketchupja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ketchupjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
ketchupunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
ketchupjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
ketchupotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
ketchupjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
ketchupjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ketchupjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
kecsöp (alternative)
kecsap (alternative informal)
kecsup (alternative informal)

Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup.


ketchup

ketchup (nominative singular)
ketchupy (nominative plural)
ketchupu (genitive singular)
ketchupów (genitive plural)
ketchupowi (dative singular)
ketchupom (dative plural)
ketchup (accusative singular)
ketchupy (accusative plural)
ketchupem (instrumental singular)
ketchupami (instrumental plural)
ketchupie (locative singular)
ketchupach (locative plural)
ketchupie (singular vocative)
ketchupy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”).


ketchup

/kɛˈt͡ʃɐ.pɨ/

Ela passava as tardes livres da infância vendo a Sessão da Tarde na televisão e comendo nuggets com ketchup.

2012, Daniel Galera, Barba ensopada de sangue, Editora Companhia das Letras, →ISBN, page 205:

(uncountable) ketchup (tomato-vinegar based sauce)


Kren

de-noun

Kren m (strong, genitive Krenes or Krens, no plural)

Krenes (genitive)
Krens (genitive)
Kren (nominative singular)
Krenes (genitive singular)
Krens (genitive singular)
Kren (dative singular)
Krene (dative singular)
Kren (accusative singular)

From Middle High German krēn, krēne, chrēn. Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *xrěnъ via a Slavic language like Czech křen (compare Silesian East Central German Krên), used in southern Germany and Austria.

(Austria, Bavaria, Southern Germany) condiment made from the root of the plant


pesto

en-noun

pesto (usually uncountable, plural pestos)

First use appears c. 1848 in a publication by William Cobbett. from Italian pesto, from Latin pistus (“crushed, pounded”), from Latin pīnsō (“to pound, beat, crush”). Cognate to pestle.

Inside the house, Paul is in the kitchen bent over a bowl of pesto: thick shiny basil leaves, machete-crushed garlic cloves, pine nuts, onions roasted till their gold edges blacken, and the bright scent of lemon zest.

2019, Ocean Vuong, On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous, Jonathan Cape, page 221:

A sauce, especially for pasta, originating from the Genoa region in Italy, made from basil, garlic, pine nuts, olive oil and cheese (usually pecorino).

罗勒酱 (luólè jiàng, literally “Basil sauce”)


pesto

Borrowed from English pesto, from Italian pesto.


harissa

Another sauce, mainly used as a condiment, is harissa, made from pulverised chillies, garlic, salt and olive oil. Harissa is not generically Moroccan, but nevertheless is often found accompanying tajines and couscous.

2000, Catherine Hanger, Morocco, page 37:

Tunisians love spicy food and harissa is the main ingredient used to provide the heat.

2008, Chris and Carolyn Caldicott, World Food Café 2, page 25:

Harissa is a fiery pepper paste that is used as an ingredient in couscous and grilled dishes or as a condiment served on the side of a Moroccan meal.

2010, Dave DeWitt, “Pita Pockets Stuffed with Harissa-Spiced Moroccan Lamb Brochettes”, in 1,001 Best Hot and Spicy Recipes, page 451:

A North African spice mix, containing chillis, garlic and salt, used as both a condiment and an ingredient.


harissa

harissa (countable and uncountable, plural harissas)

From Armenian հարիսա (harisa), ultimately from Arabic هَرِيسَة (harīsa) and originally identical to Etymology 2 below.

A traditional Armenian dish: a kind of porridge made of previously stewed and boned chicken and coarsely ground soaked wheat.


Worcestershire sauce

Worcestershire sauce (countable and uncountable, plural Worcestershire sauces)

Worcestershire sauces (plural)
wash your sister sauce (alternative humorous)

/ˈwɝʃtəʃɚ ˈsɔs/

/ˈwɝʃtəʃɚ ˈsɑs/

An English condiment made with vinegar, onions, garlic, etc.; a thin piquant sauce used as a table sauce, to flavour casseroles etc. and as an ingredient in Bloody Marys.

σάλτσα Worcestershire (sáltsa Worcestershire)


butero

eo-head

butero (accusative singular buteron, plural buteroj, accusative plural buterojn)

buteron (accusative singular)
buteroj (plural)
buterojn (accusative plural)

From English butter, German butter, and Latin butyrum.

Li ŝmiris buteron sur pantranĉon.


vinegar

en-noun

vinegar (countable and uncountable, plural vinegars)

→ Japanese: ビネガー (binegā)

From Middle English vynegre, from Old French vinaigre from Old French vyn egre, based on Latin vīnum (“wine”) + Latin ācer (“sour”). Displaced Old English æċed (survived in Middle English eced).

it is better to be preserved in vinegar than to rot in honey

you attract more flies with honey than vinegar

you can catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

You full of vinegar now, but you 'bout through / We gonna get a steam drill to do your share of driving / Then what's all them muscles gonna do? Huh, John Henry? / Gonna take a little bit of vinegar out of you.

1962, “The Legend of John Henry's Hammer”, performed by Johnny Cash:


ranch

ranch (countable and uncountable, plural ranches)

Recorded since 1808, farm sense since 1831. From American Spanish rancho (“small farm, group of farm huts”), in Spanish originally “group of people who eat together." Cognate with English rank.


masło

masło (nominative singular)
masle (dual nominative)
masła (nominative plural)
masła (genitive singular)
masłowu (dual genitive)
masłow (genitive plural)
masłoju (dative singular)
masłu (dative singular)
masłoma (dative dual)
masłam (dative plural)
masło (accusative singular)
masle (accusative dual)
masła (accusative plural)
masłom (instrumental singular)
masłoma (dual instrumental)
masłami (instrumental plural)
masle (locative singular)
masłoma (dual locative)
masłach (locative plural)

From Proto-Slavic *maslo (“butter, oil”). Cognate with Upper Sorbian masło, Polish masło, Czech máslo, Old Church Slavonic масло (maslo), and Russian ма́сло (máslo).


masło

masełko (diminutive)
masło (nominative singular)
masła (nominative plural)
masła (genitive singular)
maseł (genitive plural)
masłu (dative singular)
masłom (dative plural)
masło (accusative singular)
masła (accusative plural)
masłem (instrumental singular)
masłami (instrumental plural)
maśle (locative singular)
masłach (locative plural)
masło (singular vocative)
masła (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *maslo. Cognate to Russian ма́сло (máslo) and Old Church Slavonic масло (maslo). See also verb mazać.

masło orzechowe


balsamic vinegar

en-noun

balsamic vinegar (countable and uncountable, plural balsamic vinegars)

A dark, sweet vinegar, made from reduced white wine, that has been matured in wooden barrels, the resins of which contribute to its flavour; especially such a vinegar from Modena in Italy.

балсамов оцет

a dark, sweet vinegar, made from reduced white wine


coulis

coulis (usually uncountable, plural coulis or coulises)

Just then the desserts, mere bonnes bouches in foot-wide puddles of pink coulis, were set in front of them.

2004, Alan Hollinghurst, The Line of Beauty […], 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 378:

A thick sauce made with pureed vegetable or fruit and often used as a garnish.


coulis

fr-adj

coulis (feminine coulisse, masculine plural coulis, feminine plural coulisses)

coulisse (feminine)
coulis (masculine plural)
coulisses (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French colëiz, colediz, from Vulgar Latin *colātīcius, from Latin colāre. By surface analysis, couler + -is.


dressing

en-noun

dressing (countable and uncountable, plural dressings)

→ German: Dressing

From Middle English dressing, dressinge, dressynge, equivalent to dress + -ing.

Considered thus, the performance is a translation into images of bodies on display, as is well demonstrated by Monsieur Jourdain's repeated dressings and undressings.

2004, Kathryn Banks, Joseph Harris, Exposure: Revealing Bodies, Unveiling Representations, page 182:


Butter

de-noun

Butter (dialectal) m (strong, genitive Butters, no plural)

Butter (genitive)
Butters (genitive)
Butter (nominative singular)
Butter (genitive singular)
Butter (dative singular)
Butter (accusative singular)
Butter (nominative singular)
Butters (genitive singular)
Butter (dative singular)
Butter (accusative singular)

→ Esperanto: butero

→ Ido: butro

→ Macedonian: путер (puter)

→ Serbo-Croatian: pȕter / пу̏тер

→ Slovene: púter (tonal orthography)

→ Lower Sorbian: butra

From Middle High German buter, butter, from Old High German butera, from Proto-West Germanic *buterā (“butter”).
Though originally feminine, the word became masculine throughout Upper German and in southern dialects of West Central German. The now established feminine gender is East Central German, reinforced by Middle Low German boter f.


Butter

From Middle High German buter, from Old High German butira, from Proto-West Germanic *buterā, borrowed from Latin būtȳrum, borrowed from Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron), from βοῦς (boûs) + τυρός (turós).
Cognate with German Butter.

etymon

Ich esse Brod mit Butter.


Tabasco

Of unclear origin. The first definition listed in the 1994 Diccionario enciclopédico de Tabasco was from the Nahuatl name of the area, tlapalco meaning "(place of) damp earth"; wetlands are still extensive in the Mexican state of Tabasco. Other opinions listed were Mayan word tab-uaxac-koh, meaning "(our) lord of eight lions"; others suggest it derives from a Nahuatl word: tla-uashka-ko meaning "place that has an owner", or tlapachtli.
The tabasco pepper was popular in the Mexican state and is named for it; a hot sauce made from that pepper was eaten in the state since the 1650s, and a version was popularized in the United States and elsewhere by the McIlhenny Company of Avery Island, Louisiana, beginning in the 1870s.

A spicy pepper sauce made from tabasco pepper (a chili pepper) with the addition of vinegar and salt.


piccalilli

piccalillis (plural)
picalilli (alternative)

Hannah Glasse
The Art of Cookery
piccalilli

First attested in the from 1845. Unknown. Presumably variant of pickle, which itself is from Middle English pekille (“spicy sauce served with meat or fish”) or pikel, from Middle Dutch pekel (“brine”); perhaps influenced by dialectal variants.
Alternatively, may be related to paco lilla (“ginger-spiced pickle”), in 18th century British cookbook The Art of Cookery (1747–1843; e.g., 1805 edition) by Hannah Glasse (1708–1770), also referred to as “Indian pickles”, which suggests an Indo-Aryan source; compare mulligatawny, of Tamil origin, which also features turmeric prominently, and curry, of Tamil or Middle English origin (or blend). No relation to Piccadilly.

der

There are, however, exceptions. Piccalilli – aka “mustard with other stuff”, aka “that noble Anglo-Indian spiritual creation” – is great with ham, he conceeds^([sic]).

2020 April 9, Sam Jones, “Spanish writer spills beans on UK's saucy secrets”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(British) A yellow pickle relish made from cauliflower, vegetable marrow, and other vegetables, pickled with vinegar, salt, sugar, and spiced with mustard, turmeric, and other spices.


tartare sauce

en-noun

tartare sauce (countable and uncountable, plural tartare sauces)

tartare sauces (plural)
tartar sauce (alternative)

A sauce made from mayonnaise and a chopped mixture of pickled gherkins, capers, olives and shallots; traditionally served with fish or other seafood.


mesi

mee (genitive)
mett (partitive)
mesi (nominative singular)
meed (nominative plural)
mesi (accusative nominative singular)
meed (accusative nominative plural)
mee (accusative genitive singular)
meed (accusative genitive plural)
mee (genitive singular)
mete (genitive plural)
mett (partitive singular)
mesi (partitive plural)
mette (illative singular)
meesse (illative singular)
metesse (illative plural)
mesisse (illative plural)
mees (inessive singular)
metes (inessive plural)
mesis (inessive plural)
meest (elative singular)
metest (elative plural)
mesist (elative plural)
meele (allative singular)
metele (allative plural)
mesile (allative plural)
meel (adessive singular)
metel (adessive plural)
mesil (adessive plural)
meelt (ablative singular)
metelt (ablative plural)
mesilt (ablative plural)
meeks (singular translative)
meteks (plural translative)
mesiks (plural translative)
meeni (singular terminative)
meteni (plural terminative)
meena (essive singular)
metena (essive plural)
meeta (abessive singular)
meteta (abessive plural)
meega (comitative singular)
metega (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *meci, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *mete, which is probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu. Cognates include Hungarian méz.


catsup

catsup (countable and uncountable, plural catsups)

She ate Roger's French fries, drenched in catsup.

2001, Joyce Carol Oates, Middle Age: A Romance, paperback edition, Fourth Estate, page 171:


miso

I’m here to look for a small, white, hexagonal pill called misoprostol. Also known as miso or Cytotec, the drug induces an abortion that appears like a miscarriage during the early stages of a woman’s pregnancy. For women living in Latin America and other countries that have traditionally outlawed abortion, miso has been a lifeline […]

2014 June 27, Erica Hellerstein, “The Rise of the DIY Abortion in Texas”, in The Atlantic:

Now a year later, as the courts consider the fate of mifepristone and abortion providers gird for the possibility of a miso-only protocol, Cristina says that she’s grateful she was able to end her unwanted pregnancy, although she knows not everyone has access to the same resources […]

2023 July 31, Sara Hutchinson, “Having an Abortion at Home? There’s a Hotline for That”, in Cosmopolitan:

(pharmacology, informal) Clipping of misoprostol.


Senf

de-noun

Senf m (strong, genitive Senfes or Senfs, plural Senfe)

Senfes (genitive)
Senfs (genitive)
Senfe (plural)
Senf (nominative singular)
Senfe (definite nominative plural)
Senfes (genitive singular)
Senfs (genitive singular)
Senfe (definite genitive plural)
Senf (dative singular)
Senfe (dative singular)
Senfen (dative definite plural)
Senf (accusative singular)
Senfe (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German senf, senif, senef, from Old High German senaf, from Proto-West Germanic *senap.


soy sauce

en-noun

soy sauce (countable and uncountable, plural soy sauces)

soy sauces (plural)
soya sauce (alternative British)

A condiment sauce and ingredient, common in Asian cuisine, made from fermented soybeans, salt, and sometimes wheat.

صَلْصَةْ اَلصُّويَا

a condiment and ingredient made from fermented soybeans


kare

Borrowed from Japanese カレー (karē), from English curry, from Tamil கறி (kaṟi), influenced by existing Middle English cury (“cooking”), from Middle French cuyre (“to cook”), from Vulgar Latin cocere, from Latin coquere.


hot sauce

hot sauce (usually uncountable, plural hot sauces)

Any liquid spicy condiment or cooking ingredient made from chili peppers.


bör

börs (nominative plural)
bör (nominative singular)
börs (nominative plural)
böra (genitive singular)
böras (genitive plural)
böre (dative singular)
böres (dative plural)
böri (accusative singular)
böris (accusative plural)
o bör! (singular vocative)
o börs! (plural vocative)
böru (predicative singular)
börus (plural predicative)


edik

is-noun

edik n (genitive singular ediks, no plural)

ediks (genitive singular)
edik (indefinite nominative singular)
edikið (definite nominative singular)
edik (accusative indefinite singular)
edikið (accusative definite singular)
ediki (dative indefinite singular)
edikinu (dative definite singular)
ediks (genitive indefinite singular)
ediksins (definite genitive singular)

From late Old Norse edik, from Middle Low German etik or Middle Dutch edik, from Proto-West Germanic *atek, metathesized variant of *aket, from Latin acētum.
Compare Faroese edikur, Norwegian eddik, Danish eddike, Swedish ättika, Old English æced, German Essig.


smjör

smjör n (genitive singular smjörs, no plural)

smjörs (genitive singular)
smjör (indefinite nominative singular)
smjörið (definite nominative singular)
smjör (accusative indefinite singular)
smjörið (accusative definite singular)
smjöri (dative indefinite singular)
smjörinu (dative definite singular)
smjörs (genitive indefinite singular)
smjörsins (definite genitive singular)

From Old Norse smjǫr, smør, from Proto-Germanic *smerwą. Cognate with Swedish smör, Faroese, Norwegian and Danish smør.


halen

From Middle Welsh halaen, halen, from Proto-Brythonic *haluɨn, from Proto-Celtic *saleinos, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls (“salt”). Doublet of halwyn (“chemical salt”). Cognate with Cornish holan, Breton holen, Irish salann, and more distantly also Latin sāl and English salt.


beurre

beurres (plural)
buure (alternative)
burre (alternative)
bür (alternative)

From Latin būtȳrum, from Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron).

faithe eune montangne dé beurre

to do something half-baked; to construct a house of cards; to make a mountain of butter


oyster sauce

en-noun

oyster sauce (countable and uncountable, plural oyster sauces)

A rich viscid sauce made from oysters and brine, used in Chinese cooking.


kis

kȋs (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
kís (nominative singular)
kísa (genitive singular)
kísu (dative singular)
kís (accusative singular)
kísu (locative singular)
kísom (instrumental singular)


сенф

се̏нф (canonical masculine)
sȅnf (romanization)
сенф (nominative singular)
сенфа (genitive singular)
сенфу (dative singular)
сенф (accusative singular)
сенфе (singular vocative)
сенфу (locative singular)
сенфом (instrumental singular)


senf

sȅnf (canonical masculine)
се̏нф (Cyrillic)
senf (nominative singular)
senfa (genitive singular)
senfu (dative singular)
senf (accusative singular)
senfe (singular vocative)
senfu (locative singular)
senfom (instrumental singular)


medus

medus (nominative singular)
medus (genitive singular)
medum (dative singular)
medu (accusative singular)
medu (instrumental singular)
medū (locative singular)
medus (singular vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *médu, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu.

medus vārīšana


ocet

cs-noun

ocet m inan (relational adjective octový)

octový (adjective relational)
ocet (nominative singular)
octy (nominative plural)
octa (genitive singular)
octů (genitive plural)
octu (dative singular)
octům (dative plural)
ocet (accusative singular)
octy (accusative plural)
octe (singular vocative)
octy (plural vocative)
octu (locative singular)
octě (locative singular)
octech (locative plural)
octem (instrumental singular)
octy (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech ocet, from Proto-Slavic *ocьtъ, from Latin acētum.

balzamikový ocet

Celý tento regál je plný olejů a octů.

This whole shelf is full of oil and vinegar.


ocet

ocet (nominative singular)
octy (nominative plural)
octu (genitive singular)
octów (genitive plural)
octowi (dative singular)
octom (dative plural)
ocet (accusative singular)
octy (accusative plural)
octem (instrumental singular)
octami (instrumental plural)
occie (locative singular)
octach (locative plural)
occie (singular vocative)
octy (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: actas

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ocьtъ, from Latin acētum.


ecet

ecetek (plural)
ecet (nominative singular)
ecetek (nominative plural)
ecetet (accusative singular)
eceteket (accusative plural)
ecetnek (dative singular)
eceteknek (dative plural)
ecettel (instrumental singular)
ecetekkel (instrumental plural)
ecetért (causal-final singular)
ecetekért (causal-final plural)
ecetté (singular translative)
ecetekké (plural translative)
ecetig (singular terminative)
ecetekig (plural terminative)
ecetként (essive-formal singular)
ecetekként (essive-formal plural)
ecetben (inessive singular)
ecetekben (inessive plural)
eceten (singular superessive)
eceteken (plural superessive)
ecetnél (adessive singular)
eceteknél (adessive plural)
ecetbe (illative singular)
ecetekbe (illative plural)
ecetre (singular sublative)
ecetekre (plural sublative)
ecethez (allative singular)
ecetekhez (allative plural)
ecetből (elative singular)
ecetekből (elative plural)
ecetről (delative singular)
ecetekről (delative plural)
ecettől (ablative singular)
ecetektől (ablative plural)
eceté (singular)
eceteké (plural)
ecetéi (singular)
ecetekéi (plural)
ecetem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
eceteim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
ecetjeim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
eceted (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
eceteid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
ecetjeid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
ecete (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ecetje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ecetei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
ecetjei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
ecetünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
eceteink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
ecetjeink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
ecetetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
eceteitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
ecetjeitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
ecetük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ecetjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
eceteik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
ecetjeik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From a Slavic language. Compare Serbo-Croatian ocat, Czech ocet, from Proto-Slavic *ocьtъ, from Latin acetum (“vinegar”).


масло

head

масло (maslo) n (related adjective маслов)

maslo (romanization)
маслов (adjective)
масло (nominative singular)
масла (nominative plural)
масла (genitive singular)
маслох (genitive plural)
маслу (dative singular)
маслом (dative plural)
масло (accusative singular)
масла (accusative plural)
маслом (instrumental singular)
маслами (instrumental plural)
маслу (locative singular)
машлє (locative singular)
маслох (locative plural)
масло (singular vocative)
масла (plural vocative)

rsk-decl-noun-table

маслу / машлє

Inherited from Old Slovak maslo, from Proto-Slavic *maslo.

идзе як по машлє

препражене масло


масло

ru-noun+

ма́сло • (máslo) n inan (genitive ма́сла, nominative plural масла́, genitive plural ма́сел, relational adjective ма́сляный, diminutive ма́слице)

ма́сло (canonical)
máslo (romanization)
ма́сла (genitive)
масла́ (nominative plural)
ма́сел (genitive plural)
ма́сляный (adjective relational)
ма́слице (diminutive)
ма́сло (nominative singular)
масла́ (nominative plural)
ма́сла (genitive singular)
ма́сел (genitive irregular plural)
ма́слу (dative singular)
масла́м (dative plural)
ма́сло (accusative singular)
масла́ (accusative plural)
ма́слом (instrumental singular)
масла́ми (instrumental plural)
ма́сле (prepositional singular)
масла́х (plural prepositional)
ма́сло (dated nominative singular)
масла́ (dated nominative plural)
ма́сла (dated genitive singular)
ма́слъ (dated genitive plural)
ма́слу (dated dative singular)
масла́мъ (dated dative plural)
ма́сло (accusative dated singular)
масла́ (accusative dated plural)
ма́сломъ (dated instrumental singular)
масла́ми (dated instrumental plural)
ма́слѣ (dated prepositional singular)
масла́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

Russenorsk: masla

→ Alutiiq: masla

→ Mongolian: масло (maslo)

Inherited Old East Slavic масло (maslo), from Proto-Slavic *maslo. Related to ма́зать (mázatʹ, “to smear”).

подли́ть ма́сла в ого́нь

ма́сло в огонь n (máslo v ogonʹ)

подли́ть ма́сло в ого́нь

ма́сло в огонь n (máslo v ogonʹ)

чепуха́ на по́стном ма́сле

по́стное ма́сло n (póstnoje máslo)

расти́тельное ма́сло

мото́рное ма́сло


масло

uk-noun

ма́сло • (máslo) n inan (genitive ма́сла, nominative plural масла́, genitive plural ма́сел, relational adjective ма́сляний, diminutive масе́льце)

ма́сло (canonical)
máslo (romanization)
ма́сла (genitive)
масла́ (nominative plural)
ма́сел (genitive plural)
ма́сляний (adjective relational)
масе́льце (diminutive)
ма́сло (nominative singular)
масла́ (nominative plural)
ма́сла (genitive singular)
ма́сел (genitive plural)
ма́слу (dative singular)
масла́м (dative plural)
ма́сло (accusative singular)
масла́ (accusative plural)
ма́слом (instrumental singular)
масла́ми (instrumental plural)
ма́слі (locative singular)
масла́х (locative plural)
ма́сло (singular vocative)
масла́ (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Ruthenian ма́сло (máslo), from Old East Slavic масло (maslo), from Proto-Slavic *maslo.


cuka

From Malay cuka (“vinegar, sour”), possibly:
* Prakrit *𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*cukka), from Sanskrit चुक्र (cukra, “sourness; fruit vinegar”). Compare Bengali চুকা (cuka, “sour, acid”). Compare Bengali চুকা (cuka, “sour, acid”), Tagalog suka, Cebuano suka.
* Persian سرکا (serkâ, “vinegar”)


cuka

ms-noun

cuka (Jawi spelling چوک, plural cuka-cuka)

Indonesian: cuka

→ Bikol Central: suka

→ Cebuano: suka

→ Ilocano: suka

desc

→ Javanese: ꦕꦺꦴꦏꦏ꧀ (cokak), ꦕꦸꦏꦏ꧀ (cukak)

→ Maranao: soka'

→ Tagalog: suka

Possibly either:
* Borrowed from Prakrit *𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*cukka), from Sanskrit चुक्र (cukra, “sourness; fruit vinegar”). Compare Bengali চুকা (cuka, “sour, acid”).
* Persian سرکا (serkâ, “vinegar”)


kecap

kécap (canonical)
kecap-kecap (plural)
ketjap (alternative)

Borrowed from Peranakan Indonesian ketjap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”). Cognate with Piawai Malay kicap.

bor+

soy sauce (a condiment and ingredient made from fermented soybeans)


果醬

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/kʷɔː³⁵ t͡sœːŋ³³/

/kuo³¹ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁵³/

/ko⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siũ²¹/

/kue⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sĩõ²¹³/

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/kʷɔː³⁵ t͡sœːŋ³³/

/kuo³¹ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁵³/

/ko⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siũ²¹/

/kue⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sĩõ²¹³/


unt

unturi (plural)
unt (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
untul (accusative definite nominative singular)
unturi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
unturile (accusative definite nominative plural)
unt (indefinite singular)
untului (definite singular)
unturi (indefinite plural)
unturilor (definite plural)
untule (singular vocative)
unturilor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Latin ūnctum (“ointment”). Compare Aromanian umtu.


мармелад

be-noun

мармела́д<sg>

мармела́д • (marmjelád) m inan (genitive мармела́ду, uncountable, relational adjective мармела́дны)

мармела́д (canonical)
marmjelád (romanization)
мармела́ду (genitive)
мармела́дны (adjective relational)
мармела́д (nominative singular)
мармела́ду (genitive singular)
мармела́ду (dative singular)
мармела́д (accusative singular)
мармела́дам (instrumental singular)
мармела́дзе (locative singular)
мармэля́д (alternative Taraškievica)
мармаля́да (alternative Taraškievica)
marmelad (alternative)

be-ndecl

мармела́д<sg>

The current official spelling is borrowed from Russian мармела́д (marmelád). The older Taraškievica spelling was likely directly borrowed from Polish marmolada or French marmelade without the Russian influence.

Antonaŭki ličacca najlepšymi u świeci jabłykami na marmeladu.

1916, Vacłaŭ Łastoŭski, “Biełaruś”, in Rodnyje zierniaty, Wilnia: Homan, page 180:

Antonovka is considered to be the world's best apple cultivar for making fruit jelly.

Вось тое месца, дзе з гадзіну таму ён піў сваю ранішнюю каву з мармалядаю.

1930, Алесь Гародня, Варта на Рэйне, Менск: БДВ, page 64:

Here's the place, where he was drinking his morning coffee with marmalade roughly an hour ago.

Vosʹ tóje mjesca, dzje z hadzinu tamu jon piŭ svaju ranišnjuju kavu z marmaljadaju.

Калі даўней (у 1927-28 гадох) у крамках салавецкага лягеру можна было бяз ніякага абмяжаваньня купляць у кожнай колькасьці хлеб, цукер, кансэрвы, дык цяпер ужо толькі ад часу да часу прадавалі селядцы, скісшыя павідлы (мармаляду) ці ляндрынкі ў вельмі абмежанай колькасьці — дый толькі працуючым панад норму "ударнікам".

1937, Francišak Alachnovič, У капцюрох ГПУ [In the Claws of the GPU], Вільня: Друкарня І. Баеўскага, pages 93-94:

If previously (in 1927-1928) it was possible to buy any quantity of bread, sugar or canned food in the shops of the Solovki prison camp without any restrictions, then now only occasionally they sold herrings, spoiled sour jams (marmalade) or sugar-plums in a very limited quantity. And even that only for the working above the norm "udarniks".

Kali daŭnjej (u 1927-28 hadóx) u kramkax salavjeckaha ljahjeru móžna byló bjaz nijakaha abmjažavanʹnja kupljacʹ u kóžnaj kólʹkasʹci xljeb, cukjer, kanservy, dyk cjapjer užó tólʹki ad času da času pradavali sjeljadcy, skisšyja pavidly (marmaljadu) ci ljandrynki ŭ vjelʹmi abmježanaj kólʹkasʹci — dyj tólʹki pracujučym panad nórmu "udarnikam".

Але ў нашым доме мармелад – гэта густое варэнне, яго можна намазваць на хлеб ці рэзаць пласцінамі і есці з сырам.

2014, Кацярына Мядзведзева, Разламашкі майстра Люфта (зборнік), Litres (2018), →ISBN:

But in our house, marmalade is a thick jam. It can be spread on bread or cut into slices and eaten with cheese.

Alje ŭ našym dómje marmjelad – heta hustóje varennje, jahó móžna namazvacʹ na xljeb ci rezacʹ plascinami i jesci z syram.

(uncountable) marmalade, fruit jelly (a sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar and allowed to congeal, often spread on bread or toast)

Некаторыя людзі называюць мармеладам мяккія жэлейныя цукеркі, абсыпаныя цукрам.

Some people call soft sugar-coated jelly candies a marmalade.

Njekatóryja ljudzi nazyvajucʹ marmjeladam mjakkija željejnyja cukjerki, absypanyja cukram.


мармелад

uk-noun

мармела́д<genu>

мармела́д • (marmelád) m inan (genitive мармела́ду, nominative plural мармела́ди, genitive plural мармела́дів, diminutive мармела́дка)

мармела́д (canonical)
marmelád (romanization)
мармела́ду (genitive)
мармела́ди (nominative plural)
мармела́дів (genitive plural)
мармела́дка (diminutive)
мармела́д (nominative singular)
мармела́ди (nominative plural)
мармела́ду (genitive singular)
мармела́дів (genitive plural)
мармела́дові (dative singular)
мармела́ду (dative singular)
мармела́дам (dative plural)
мармела́д (accusative singular)
мармела́ди (accusative plural)
мармела́дом (instrumental singular)
мармела́дами (instrumental plural)
мармела́ді (locative singular)
мармела́дах (locative plural)
мармела́де (singular vocative)
мармела́ди (plural vocative)
мармеля́да (alternative)

uk-ndecl

мармела́д<genu>

Uk-мармелад.ogg

(condiment): marmalade (English-speaking countries)


hunaja

hunaja (nominative singular)
hunajat (nominative plural)
hunaja (accusative nominative singular)
hunajat (accusative nominative plural)
hunajan (accusative genitive singular)
hunajat (accusative genitive plural)
hunajan (genitive singular)
hunajien (genitive plural)
hunajain (genitive plural rare)
hunajaa (partitive singular)
hunajia (partitive plural)
hunajassa (inessive singular)
hunajissa (inessive plural)
hunajasta (elative singular)
hunajista (elative plural)
hunajaan (illative singular)
hunajiin (illative plural)
hunajalla (adessive singular)
hunajilla (adessive plural)
hunajalta (ablative singular)
hunajilta (ablative plural)
hunajalle (allative singular)
hunajille (allative plural)
hunajana (essive singular)
hunajina (essive plural)
hunajaksi (singular translative)
hunajiksi (plural translative)
hunajatta (abessive singular)
hunajitta (abessive plural)
hunajin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hunajani (nominative singular)
hunajani (nominative plural)
hunajani (accusative nominative singular)
hunajani (accusative nominative plural)
hunajani (accusative genitive singular)
hunajani (accusative genitive plural)
hunajani (genitive singular)
hunajieni (genitive plural)
hunajaini (genitive plural rare)
hunajaani (partitive singular)
hunajiani (partitive plural)
hunajassani (inessive singular)
hunajissani (inessive plural)
hunajastani (elative singular)
hunajistani (elative plural)
hunajaani (illative singular)
hunajiini (illative plural)
hunajallani (adessive singular)
hunajillani (adessive plural)
hunajaltani (ablative singular)
hunajiltani (ablative plural)
hunajalleni (allative singular)
hunajilleni (allative plural)
hunajanani (essive singular)
hunajinani (essive plural)
hunajakseni (singular translative)
hunajikseni (plural translative)
hunajattani (abessive singular)
hunajittani (abessive plural)
hunajineni (comitative plural)
hunajasi (nominative singular)
hunajasi (nominative plural)
hunajasi (accusative nominative singular)
hunajasi (accusative nominative plural)
hunajasi (accusative genitive singular)
hunajasi (accusative genitive plural)
hunajasi (genitive singular)
hunajiesi (genitive plural)
hunajaisi (genitive plural rare)
hunajaasi (partitive singular)
hunajiasi (partitive plural)
hunajassasi (inessive singular)
hunajissasi (inessive plural)
hunajastasi (elative singular)
hunajistasi (elative plural)
hunajaasi (illative singular)
hunajiisi (illative plural)
hunajallasi (adessive singular)
hunajillasi (adessive plural)
hunajaltasi (ablative singular)
hunajiltasi (ablative plural)
hunajallesi (allative singular)
hunajillesi (allative plural)
hunajanasi (essive singular)
hunajinasi (essive plural)
hunajaksesi (singular translative)
hunajiksesi (plural translative)
hunajattasi (abessive singular)
hunajittasi (abessive plural)
hunajinesi (comitative plural)
hunajamme (nominative singular)
hunajamme (nominative plural)
hunajamme (accusative nominative singular)
hunajamme (accusative nominative plural)
hunajamme (accusative genitive singular)
hunajamme (accusative genitive plural)
hunajamme (genitive singular)
hunajiemme (genitive plural)
hunajaimme (genitive plural rare)
hunajaamme (partitive singular)
hunajiamme (partitive plural)
hunajassamme (inessive singular)
hunajissamme (inessive plural)
hunajastamme (elative singular)
hunajistamme (elative plural)
hunajaamme (illative singular)
hunajiimme (illative plural)
hunajallamme (adessive singular)
hunajillamme (adessive plural)
hunajaltamme (ablative singular)
hunajiltamme (ablative plural)
hunajallemme (allative singular)
hunajillemme (allative plural)
hunajanamme (essive singular)
hunajinamme (essive plural)
hunajaksemme (singular translative)
hunajiksemme (plural translative)
hunajattamme (abessive singular)
hunajittamme (abessive plural)
hunajinemme (comitative plural)
hunajanne (nominative singular)
hunajanne (nominative plural)
hunajanne (accusative nominative singular)
hunajanne (accusative nominative plural)
hunajanne (accusative genitive singular)
hunajanne (accusative genitive plural)
hunajanne (genitive singular)
hunajienne (genitive plural)
hunajainne (genitive plural rare)
hunajaanne (partitive singular)
hunajianne (partitive plural)
hunajassanne (inessive singular)
hunajissanne (inessive plural)
hunajastanne (elative singular)
hunajistanne (elative plural)
hunajaanne (illative singular)
hunajiinne (illative plural)
hunajallanne (adessive singular)
hunajillanne (adessive plural)
hunajaltanne (ablative singular)
hunajiltanne (ablative plural)
hunajallenne (allative singular)
hunajillenne (allative plural)
hunajananne (essive singular)
hunajinanne (essive plural)
hunajaksenne (singular translative)
hunajiksenne (plural translative)
hunajattanne (abessive singular)
hunajittanne (abessive plural)
hunajinenne (comitative plural)
hunajansa (nominative singular)
hunajansa (nominative plural)
hunajansa (accusative nominative singular)
hunajansa (accusative nominative plural)
hunajansa (accusative genitive singular)
hunajansa (accusative genitive plural)
hunajansa (genitive singular)
hunajiensa (genitive plural)
hunajainsa (genitive plural rare)
hunajaansa (partitive singular)
hunajiaan (partitive plural)
hunajiansa (partitive plural)
hunajassaan (inessive singular)
hunajassansa (inessive singular)
hunajissaan (inessive plural)
hunajissansa (inessive plural)
hunajastaan (elative singular)
hunajastansa (elative singular)
hunajistaan (elative plural)
hunajistansa (elative plural)
hunajaansa (illative singular)
hunajiinsa (illative plural)
hunajallaan (adessive singular)
hunajallansa (adessive singular)
hunajillaan (adessive plural)
hunajillansa (adessive plural)
hunajaltaan (ablative singular)
hunajaltansa (ablative singular)
hunajiltaan (ablative plural)
hunajiltansa (ablative plural)
hunajalleen (allative singular)
hunajallensa (allative singular)
hunajilleen (allative plural)
hunajillensa (allative plural)
hunajanaan (essive singular)
hunajanansa (essive singular)
hunajinaan (essive plural)
hunajinansa (essive plural)
hunajakseen (singular translative)
hunajaksensa (singular translative)
hunajikseen (plural translative)
hunajiksensa (plural translative)
hunajattaan (abessive singular)
hunajattansa (abessive singular)
hunajittaan (abessive plural)
hunajittansa (abessive plural)
hunajineen (comitative plural)
hunajinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Old Swedish hunagh, from Proto-Germanic *hunagą.


sviests

sviests (nominative singular)
sviesti (nominative plural)
sviesta (genitive singular)
sviestu (genitive plural)
sviestam (dative singular)
sviestiem (dative plural)
sviestu (accusative singular)
sviestus (accusative plural)
sviestu (instrumental singular)
sviestiem (instrumental plural)
sviestā (locative singular)
sviestos (locative plural)
sviest (singular vocative)
sviesti (plural vocative)

Originally the (adjectival) past passive participle of an old verb *sviest (“to smear, to spread”) (cf. Lithuanian svi̇́esti); the original meaning of sviests was thus “(something) smeared (on something else), (something) used for smearing”; cf. Russian ма́сло (máslo, “butter, oil”) and ма́зать (mázatʹ, “to smear, spread (oil)”), or Latin unguen (“fat, grease”) and unguō (“to smear, to anoint”). The verb *sviest would in turn come from *sviesti, from Proto-Baltic *swied-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd- (“to shine”) (whence also Latvian svīst (“to sweat; to steam; to dawn”) q.v.); its original meaning would have been “to make something shine” > “to smear with oil, so that it shines” > “to smear” (cf. its descendant svaidīt (“to anoint”), originally the iterative form of *sviest). Cognates include Lithuanian svi̇́estas.
Alternatively, Pokorny considers this word and Lithuanian svi̇́esti from Proto-Indo-European *ksweyd- (“milk”) (cf. Middle Indo-Aryan क्ष्विर (kṣvira), Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬎𐬍𐬛 (xšuuīd)).

cog

krējuma sviests

skābkrējuma sviests

sūkalu sviests

svaigs sviests

nesalīts sviests

kausēts sviests

sviesta trauks

sautēt saknes sviestā

sviesta rūpniecība

kult sviestu

gaiteņa pustumsā viņai skrēja pretī sviestā ceptu pankūku smarža

in the darkness of the corridor the smell of pancakes fried in butter came (lit. ran) to her

butter (a dairy product, obtained from cream, with a high fat concentration)

sviesta cepumi

sviesta mīklu gatavo no sviesta, cukura, kviešu miltiem, nedaudz pievienojot olas

butter dough is made from butter, sugar, (and) wheat flour, adding a little egg (= one or two eggs)

(in the genitive, used adjectivally) butter; containing butter, made with butter

butter, spread (any food paste generally used as spread)


sviests

sviests (masculine nominative singular)
sviesti (masculine nominative plural)
sviesta (feminine nominative singular)
sviestas (feminine nominative plural)
sviesta (genitive masculine singular)
sviestu (genitive masculine plural)
sviestas (feminine genitive singular)
sviestu (feminine genitive plural)
sviestam (dative masculine singular)
sviestiem (dative masculine plural)
sviestai (dative feminine singular)
sviestām (dative feminine plural)
sviestu (accusative masculine singular)
sviestus (accusative masculine plural)
sviestu (accusative feminine singular)
sviestas (accusative feminine plural)
sviestu (instrumental masculine singular)
sviestiem (instrumental masculine plural)
sviestu (feminine instrumental singular)
sviestām (feminine instrumental plural)
sviestā (locative masculine singular)
sviestos (locative masculine plural)
sviestā (feminine locative singular)
sviestās (feminine locative plural)

thrown, flung, slung; indefinite past passive participle of sviest


murri

A medieval Arab condiment made from fermented barley.


senape

From Latin sinapi, from Ancient Greek σίναπι (sínapi). Compare Sicilian sinapi.


sugo

Inherited from Latin sūcus, from Proto-Indo-European *sug-, *suk-. Cognate to English succulent via Latin. Doublet of succo. Cognate with Sicilian sucu.

ragù

tomato juice with meat and other ingredients


ezzih

desc

Middle High German: ezzich, ezzech, ezzeich, ezzec

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: éssag, ezza (Luserna)

Mòcheno: ezza

German: Essig

Hunsrik: Essich

Luxembourgish: Esseg

Vilamovian: essig

Yiddish: עסיק (esik)

From Proto-West Germanic *atek, metathesized variant of *aket.


mint sauce

en-noun

mint sauce (usually uncountable, plural mint sauces)

A sauce, made with mint and vinegar, that is a popular accompaniment to roast lamb.


red lead

Saturday/Wednesday morning breakfast beans were accompanied by corn bread and bowls of "red lead" [catsup for you landlubbers].

2003, The Four Stack APDs: The Famed Green Dragons, page 54:


חמאה

he-noun

חֶמְאָה • (khem'á) f (plural indefinite חֲמָאוֹת, singular construct חֶמְאַת־, plural construct חֶמְאוֹת־) [pattern: קַטְלָה]

חֶמְאָה (canonical)
khem'á (romanization)
חֲמָאוֹת (indefinite plural)
חֶמְאַת־ (construct singular)
חֶמְאוֹת־ (construct plural)

Ultimately from Akkadian 𒉌𒉣𒈾 (ḫimētu). Compare Classical Syriac ܚܹܐܘܬܵܐ (ḥeˀwṯā).

מַיִם שָׁאַל חָלָב נָתָנָה; בְּסֵפֶל אַדִּירִים הִקְרִיבָה חֶמְאָה.

Tanach, [[s:he:T0705#ה_כה|5:25]], with translation of the King James Version:

He asked water, and she gave him milk; she brought forth butter in a lordly dish.

máyim sha'ál khaláv natána; b'séfel adirím hikríva khem'á.


brown sauce

en-noun

brown sauce (countable and uncountable, plural brown sauces)

HP Sauce is a popular variety of brown sauce.

(British, Ireland) Any of many brands of bottled sauce based on malt vinegar, fruit and spices.

sos brown

bottled sauce made of vinegar, fruit and spices


Worcester sauce

Worcester sauce (countable and uncountable, plural Worcester sauces)

Worcestershire sauce
Worcestershire sauce#English


մանանեխ

mananex (romanization)
մանանեխ (nominative singular singular-only)
մանանեխի (dative singular singular-only)
մանանեխից (ablative singular singular-only)
մանանեխով (instrumental singular singular-only)
մանանեխում (locative singular singular-only)
մանանեխը (definite nominative singular singular-only)
մանանեխն (definite nominative singular singular-only)
մանանեխին (dative definite singular singular-only)
մանանեխս (first-person nominative possessive singular singular-only)
մանանեխիս (dative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
մանանեխիցս (ablative first-person possessive singular singular-only)
մանանեխովս (first-person instrumental possessive singular singular-only)
մանանեխումս (first-person locative possessive singular singular-only)
մանանեխդ (nominative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
մանանեխիդ (dative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
մանանեխիցդ (ablative possessive second-person singular singular-only)
մանանեխովդ (instrumental possessive second-person singular singular-only)
մանանեխումդ (locative possessive second-person singular singular-only)

hy-decl-noun-unc

մանանեխը / մանանեխն

մանանեխները / մանանեխներն

մանանեխներին

մանանեխներից

մանանեխներով

մանանեխներում

մանանեխներիս

մանանեխներիցս

մանանեխներովս

մանանեխներումս

մանանեխներիդ

մանանեխներիցդ

մանանեխներովդ

մանանեխներումդ

From Old Armenian մանանեխ (mananex), մանանիխ (mananix).


asee

head

asee m (usually uncountable, invariable)

From Latin acētum, from aceō (“to be sour”).


green goddess

Named after the stage play The Green Goddess (1921) because of its green color.

A variety of salad dressing containing mayonnaise, sour cream, chives and chervil.


mostarda

Probably borrowed from Occitan mostarda; compare French moutarde.


mostarda

an Italian condiment made of candied fruit and a mustard-flavoured/flavored syrup


moutarde

moutardes (plural)
moûtarde (alternative archaic)

From Old French moustarde, from moust (“must”) (modern moût), from Latin mustum.


moutarde

From Old French moustarde, from moust (“must”), from Latin mustum.


醤油

醤油 (canonical)
shōyu (romanization)
syauyu (romanization)
しやうゆ (hiragana historical)

→ Dutch: soja, via Kagoshima dialect forms そい (soi) → そや (soya) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: shoyu

→ Hawaiian: koiū

/ɕauju/ → /ɕɔːju/ → /ɕoːju/
First attested in the mid-Muromachi period.
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 醬油 /酱油 (literally “thick paste + oil”).


醤油

ja-noun

醤(しょう)油(ゆう) • (shōyū) ^(←しやういう (syauiu)?)

醤油 (canonical)
shōyū (romanization)
syauiu (romanization)
しやういう (hiragana historical)


醤油

醤油 (canonical)
醤油 (canonical)
soi (romanization)
shoi (romanization)

→ Dutch: soja, via topicalized form そや (soya) (see there for further descendants)

Cognate with standard Japanese 醤(しょう)油(ゆ) (shōyu) and Okinawan 醤(そー)油(ゆー) (sōyū).

ryu-r

醤(そー)油(ゆー) (sōyū)


醤油

ryu-head

醤(そー)油(ゆー) (sōyū)

Cognate with standard Japanese 醤油 (shōyu, “soy sauce”).


醤油

Cognate with Japanese 醤油 (shōyu, “soy sauce”).


蜂蜜

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (蜂蜜):
* → Korean: 봉밀(蜂蜜) (bongmil)

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ mi⁵¹/

/fəŋ²⁴ mi⁵¹/

/fəŋ²⁴ mi²⁴/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ mɐt̚²/

/pʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ met̚⁵/

/fəŋ¹¹ miəʔ²/

/pʰuŋ⁵⁵ miʔ⁵/

/pʰaŋ³³ bit̚²⁴/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bit̚⁴/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚¹²¹/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ bit̚²⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚¹²¹/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚⁴/

/pʰaŋ³³⁻²³ bik̚⁴/

/foŋ⁵⁵ miɪʔ²¹/

/foŋ³³ miəʔ³⁴/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ mi⁵¹/

/fəŋ²⁴ mi⁵¹/

/fəŋ²⁴ mi²⁴/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ mɐt̚²/

/pʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ met̚⁵/

/fəŋ¹¹ miəʔ²/

/pʰuŋ⁵⁵ miʔ⁵/

/pʰaŋ³³ bit̚²⁴/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bit̚⁴/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚¹²¹/

/pʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ bit̚²⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚¹²¹/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bit̚⁴/

/pʰaŋ³³⁻²³ bik̚⁴/

/foŋ⁵⁵ miɪʔ²¹/

/foŋ³³ miəʔ³⁴/

honey (sweet fluid produced from plant nectar by bees)


バター

ja-noun

バター • (batā)


味噌

味噌 (canonical)
味噌 (canonical)
miso (romanization)

→ Cantonese: 味噌 (mei⁶ zang¹)

→ Czech: miso

→ English: miso

→ Finnish: miso

→ French: miso

→ German: Miso

→ Hindi: मिसो (miso)

desc

→ Hokkien: 味噌 (mí-so͘h / mí-soh / bí-so͘h)

→ Italian: miso

→ Korean: 미소 (miso)

→ Macanese: miçó, missó

→ Mandarin: 味噌 (wèicēng, wèizēng)

→ Persian: میسو (miso)

→ Portuguese: missô

→ Russian: ми́со (míso)

→ Spanish: miso

→ Tagalog: miso

*/misau/ → */misɔ/ → /miso/
From Old Japanese. First attested in Ritsuryō tax records from 738 CE, with the spelling 未醤.
Possibly either directly from Middle Chinese 未醬 (MC mj+jH tsjangH), or a coinage in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements as a compound of 未 (mi, “not yet, immature”) + 醬 (sō, “sauce”, the older goon reading, from even older sau).
Vovin, however, considers it to be a borrowing from Koreanic, compare Modern Korean 메주 (meju) "brick of dried fermented soybeans."
Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *miso. A Proto-Japonic *misV is sometimes reconstructed as the ancestor for both.

compound

short for 味噌っ滓 (misokkasu): a good-for-nothing child


ペスト

Albert Camus
Daijirin
Daijisen
La Peste
The Plague
ja:ペスト (小説)
ja:松村明

Borrowed from French peste, from the title of the 1947 novel La Peste by Albert Camus.

The Plague, original title La Peste, a novel by Albert Camus


kreno

eo-head

kreno (accusative singular krenon, plural krenoj, accusative plural krenojn)

krenon (accusative singular)
krenoj (plural)
krenojn (accusative plural)

From German Kren and Yiddish כריין (khreyn), both ultimately from Proto-Slavic *xrěnъ (“horseradish”). Compare Russian хрен (xren), Polish chrzan, Czech křen, Ukrainian хрін (xrin), Romanian hrean, Italian cren, Lithuanian kriẽnas.


wine vinegar

en-noun

wine vinegar (countable and uncountable, plural wine vinegars)


sůl

sůl (nominative singular)
soli (nominative plural)
soli (genitive singular)
solí (genitive plural)
soli (dative singular)
solím (dative plural)
sůl (accusative singular)
soli (accusative plural)
soli (singular vocative)
soli (plural vocative)
soli (locative singular)
solích (locative plural)
solí (instrumental singular)
solemi (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech sól, from Proto-Slavic *solь, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls.

salt (A common substance, chemically consisting mainly of sodium chloride (NaCl), used extensively as a condiment and preservative.)

(chemistry) salt (One of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.)

(cryptography) salt (Additional bytes inserted into a plaintext message before encryption, in order to increase randomness and render brute-force decryption more difficult.)


chao

From a form of Hokkien 醬 /酱 (chiùⁿ) (SV: tương). Compare Thai เต้าเจี้ยว (dtâo-jîao), Lao ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ (taochiāu), Malay taoco, taucu. Doublet of tương.

(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) fermented bean curd


hořčice

cs-noun

hořčice f (relational adjective hořčičný)

hořčičný (adjective relational)
hořčice (nominative singular)
hořčice (nominative plural)
hořčice (genitive singular)
hořčic (genitive plural)
hořčici (dative singular)
hořčicím (dative plural)
hořčici (accusative singular)
hořčice (accusative plural)
hořčice (singular vocative)
hořčice (plural vocative)
hořčici (locative singular)
hořčicích (locative plural)
hořčicí (instrumental singular)
hořčicemi (instrumental plural)

[ˈɦor̝̊t͡ʃɪt͡sɛ]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gorьčica. Equivalent to hořký + -ice.


sinappi

sinappi (nominative singular)
sinapit (nominative plural)
sinappi (accusative nominative singular)
sinapit (accusative nominative plural)
sinapin (accusative genitive singular)
sinapit (accusative genitive plural)
sinapin (genitive singular)
sinappien (genitive plural)
sinappia (partitive singular)
sinappeja (partitive plural)
sinapissa (inessive singular)
sinapeissa (inessive plural)
sinapista (elative singular)
sinapeista (elative plural)
sinappiin (illative singular)
sinappeihin (illative plural)
sinapilla (adessive singular)
sinapeilla (adessive plural)
sinapilta (ablative singular)
sinapeilta (ablative plural)
sinapille (allative singular)
sinapeille (allative plural)
sinappina (essive singular)
sinappeina (essive plural)
sinapiksi (singular translative)
sinapeiksi (plural translative)
sinapitta (abessive singular)
sinapeitta (abessive plural)
sinapein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
sinappini (nominative singular)
sinappini (nominative plural)
sinappini (accusative nominative singular)
sinappini (accusative nominative plural)
sinappini (accusative genitive singular)
sinappini (accusative genitive plural)
sinappini (genitive singular)
sinappieni (genitive plural)
sinappiani (partitive singular)
sinappejani (partitive plural)
sinapissani (inessive singular)
sinapeissani (inessive plural)
sinapistani (elative singular)
sinapeistani (elative plural)
sinappiini (illative singular)
sinappeihini (illative plural)
sinapillani (adessive singular)
sinapeillani (adessive plural)
sinapiltani (ablative singular)
sinapeiltani (ablative plural)
sinapilleni (allative singular)
sinapeilleni (allative plural)
sinappinani (essive singular)
sinappeinani (essive plural)
sinapikseni (singular translative)
sinapeikseni (plural translative)
sinapittani (abessive singular)
sinapeittani (abessive plural)
sinappeineni (comitative plural)
sinappisi (nominative singular)
sinappisi (nominative plural)
sinappisi (accusative nominative singular)
sinappisi (accusative nominative plural)
sinappisi (accusative genitive singular)
sinappisi (accusative genitive plural)
sinappisi (genitive singular)
sinappiesi (genitive plural)
sinappiasi (partitive singular)
sinappejasi (partitive plural)
sinapissasi (inessive singular)
sinapeissasi (inessive plural)
sinapistasi (elative singular)
sinapeistasi (elative plural)
sinappiisi (illative singular)
sinappeihisi (illative plural)
sinapillasi (adessive singular)
sinapeillasi (adessive plural)
sinapiltasi (ablative singular)
sinapeiltasi (ablative plural)
sinapillesi (allative singular)
sinapeillesi (allative plural)
sinappinasi (essive singular)
sinappeinasi (essive plural)
sinapiksesi (singular translative)
sinapeiksesi (plural translative)
sinapittasi (abessive singular)
sinapeittasi (abessive plural)
sinappeinesi (comitative plural)
sinappimme (nominative singular)
sinappimme (nominative plural)
sinappimme (accusative nominative singular)
sinappimme (accusative nominative plural)
sinappimme (accusative genitive singular)
sinappimme (accusative genitive plural)
sinappimme (genitive singular)
sinappiemme (genitive plural)
sinappiamme (partitive singular)
sinappejamme (partitive plural)
sinapissamme (inessive singular)
sinapeissamme (inessive plural)
sinapistamme (elative singular)
sinapeistamme (elative plural)
sinappiimme (illative singular)
sinappeihimme (illative plural)
sinapillamme (adessive singular)
sinapeillamme (adessive plural)
sinapiltamme (ablative singular)
sinapeiltamme (ablative plural)
sinapillemme (allative singular)
sinapeillemme (allative plural)
sinappinamme (essive singular)
sinappeinamme (essive plural)
sinapiksemme (singular translative)
sinapeiksemme (plural translative)
sinapittamme (abessive singular)
sinapeittamme (abessive plural)
sinappeinemme (comitative plural)
sinappinne (nominative singular)
sinappinne (nominative plural)
sinappinne (accusative nominative singular)
sinappinne (accusative nominative plural)
sinappinne (accusative genitive singular)
sinappinne (accusative genitive plural)
sinappinne (genitive singular)
sinappienne (genitive plural)
sinappianne (partitive singular)
sinappejanne (partitive plural)
sinapissanne (inessive singular)
sinapeissanne (inessive plural)
sinapistanne (elative singular)
sinapeistanne (elative plural)
sinappiinne (illative singular)
sinappeihinne (illative plural)
sinapillanne (adessive singular)
sinapeillanne (adessive plural)
sinapiltanne (ablative singular)
sinapeiltanne (ablative plural)
sinapillenne (allative singular)
sinapeillenne (allative plural)
sinappinanne (essive singular)
sinappeinanne (essive plural)
sinapiksenne (singular translative)
sinapeiksenne (plural translative)
sinapittanne (abessive singular)
sinapeittanne (abessive plural)
sinappeinenne (comitative plural)
sinappinsa (nominative singular)
sinappinsa (nominative plural)
sinappinsa (accusative nominative singular)
sinappinsa (accusative nominative plural)
sinappinsa (accusative genitive singular)
sinappinsa (accusative genitive plural)
sinappinsa (genitive singular)
sinappiensa (genitive plural)
sinappiaan (partitive singular)
sinappiansa (partitive singular)
sinappejaan (partitive plural)
sinappejansa (partitive plural)
sinapissaan (inessive singular)
sinapissansa (inessive singular)
sinapeissaan (inessive plural)
sinapeissansa (inessive plural)
sinapistaan (elative singular)
sinapistansa (elative singular)
sinapeistaan (elative plural)
sinapeistansa (elative plural)
sinappiinsa (illative singular)
sinappeihinsa (illative plural)
sinapillaan (adessive singular)
sinapillansa (adessive singular)
sinapeillaan (adessive plural)
sinapeillansa (adessive plural)
sinapiltaan (ablative singular)
sinapiltansa (ablative singular)
sinapeiltaan (ablative plural)
sinapeiltansa (ablative plural)
sinapilleen (allative singular)
sinapillensa (allative singular)
sinapeilleen (allative plural)
sinapeillensa (allative plural)
sinappinaan (essive singular)
sinappinansa (essive singular)
sinappeinaan (essive plural)
sinappeinansa (essive plural)
sinapikseen (singular translative)
sinapiksensa (singular translative)
sinapeikseen (plural translative)
sinapeiksensa (plural translative)
sinapittaan (abessive singular)
sinapittansa (abessive singular)
sinapeittaan (abessive plural)
sinapeittansa (abessive plural)
sinappeineen (comitative plural)
sinappeinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Swedish senap, from Middle Low German sennep, from Old Saxon senap, from Proto-West Germanic *senap, from Latin sinapi, ultimately from Ancient Greek σίνᾱπι (sínāpi). Compare Karelian šinappi.


hardal

head

hardal (definite accusative hardalı, plural hardallar)

hardalı (accusative definite)
hardallar (plural)
hardal (nominative singular)
hardallar (nominative plural)
hardalı (accusative definite singular)
hardalları (accusative definite plural)
hardala (dative singular)
hardallara (dative plural)
hardalda (locative singular)
hardallarda (locative plural)
hardaldan (ablative singular)
hardallardan (ablative plural)
hardalın (genitive singular)
hardalların (genitive plural)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish خردل (hardal), from Arabic خَرْدَل (ḵardal).


سرکه

serke (romanization)
سرکا (alternative)
سک (alternative)

→ Bengali: সির্কা (sirka)

→ Punjabi: sirkā

Gurmukhi script: ਸਿਰਕਾ

Shahmukhi script: سرکہ

→ Urdu: سرکہ (sirkah)

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/sarkāw/, “vinegar”).
Alternatively, borrowed from Turkic, compare Azerbaijani sirkə, Ottoman Turkish سركه (sirke), etc. According to Doerfer, direction of a possible borrowing between Iranian and Turkic is not clear.


nuoc mam

en-noun

nuoc mam (countable and uncountable, plural nuoc mams)

Borrowed from Vietnamese nước mắm (“salted fish sauce”).

bor

For quotations using this term, see Citations:nuoc mam.

A fish sauce used in Vietnamese cookery.


vínedik

is-noun

vínedik n (genitive singular vínediks, no plural)

vínediks (genitive singular)
vínedik (indefinite nominative singular)
vínedikið (definite nominative singular)
vínedik (accusative indefinite singular)
vínedikið (accusative definite singular)
vínediki (dative indefinite singular)
vínedikinu (dative definite singular)
vínediks (genitive indefinite singular)
vínediksins (definite genitive singular)


醬油

ja-r

醤(しょう)油(ゆう) (shōyū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (醬油):
* → Japanese: 醤(しょう)油(ゆ) (shōyu); 醤(しょう)油(ゆう) (shōyū)
* → Korean: 장유(醬油) (jang'yu)

→ Bouyei: jianqyouf

→ Burmese: ကြာညို့ (kra-nyui.)

q

via Kagoshima <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">そい</i> (soi)

→ Dutch: soja (via Kagoshima そい (soi)) (see there for further descendants)

via Japanese <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">醤油</i> (shōyu)

→ Hawaiian: koiū (via Japanese 醤油 (shōyu))

→ Zhuang: ciengqyouz

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕiaŋ²¹³ iəu²¹/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ iɤu²⁴/

/t͡ɕiã⁴⁴ iəɯ²⁴/

/t͡sœːŋ³³ jɐu̯²¹/

/t͡ɕiɔŋ³⁵ iu²/

/t͡ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵ iəu¹¹/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ iu³³/

/t͡sĩũ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ iu²⁴/

/t͡siũ²¹⁻⁴¹ iu²³/

/t͡siũ²¹⁻⁵³ iu²⁴/

/t͡siũ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iu²⁴/

/t͡siũ¹¹⁻⁵³ iu²⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃²¹⁻⁵³ iu¹³/

/t͡sĩẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iu⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiã³³ ɦiɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiã⁴² ʔiɵ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiæ̃³⁴ ɦiø⁵³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ ɦiʏ³³/

/t͡siæ̃⁵³ ɦiɯ³¹/

/t͡siã³⁵ ɦy²¹/

/t͡siã⁴⁴ ɦʏ/

/t͡siɑŋ³³ iu¹⁴/

/t͡si̯æn⁴⁵ i̯əu̯¹³/

/t͡ɕi̯æn⁴⁵ i̯əu̯¹³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɔŋ³⁵ i̯ʊ¹³⁻³³/

/t͡ɕi̯an³²⁴ i̯u¹¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕiaŋ²¹³ iəu²¹/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ iɤu²⁴/

/t͡ɕiã⁴⁴ iəɯ²⁴/

/t͡sœːŋ³³ jɐu̯²¹/

/t͡ɕiɔŋ³⁵ iu²/

/t͡ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵ iəu¹¹/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ iu³³/

/t͡sĩũ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ iu²⁴/

/t͡siũ²¹⁻⁴¹ iu²³/

/t͡siũ²¹⁻⁵³ iu²⁴/

/t͡siũ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iu²⁴/

/t͡siũ¹¹⁻⁵³ iu²⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃²¹⁻⁵³ iu¹³/

/t͡sĩẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iu⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiã³³ ɦiɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiã⁴² ʔiɵ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiæ̃³⁴ ɦiø⁵³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ ɦiʏ³³/

/t͡siæ̃⁵³ ɦiɯ³¹/

/t͡siã³⁵ ɦy²¹/

/t͡siã⁴⁴ ɦʏ/

/t͡siɑŋ³³ iu¹⁴/

/t͡si̯æn⁴⁵ i̯əu̯¹³/

/t͡ɕi̯æn⁴⁵ i̯əu̯¹³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɔŋ³⁵ i̯ʊ¹³⁻³³/

/t͡ɕi̯an³²⁴ i̯u¹¹/

1916, 徐珂 (Xu Ke) 《清稗類鈔·飲食類三·煮野鴨》 (Anthology of Petty Qing Matters)

Yǐ húlún yěyā pòfù, sài cōng èrshí tiáo, jiǔ, jiàngyóu, huíxiāng huò zhī, wàijiā shuǐ, jiàngyóu zhǔ zhī, qǐguō.

以囫圇野鴨破腹，塞蔥二十條，酒、醬油、茴香和之，外加水、醬油煮之，起鍋。

以囫囵野鸭破腹，塞葱二十条，酒、酱油、茴香和之，外加水、酱油煮之，起锅。


myi

From Old French miel, from Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


喼汁

Partial phono-semantic matching of English ketchup / catsup (Cheung, 2007). Doublet of 茄汁 (qiézhī, “ketchup”).

psm

2014, 陳紀臨, 方曉嵐, 陳家廚坊：最愛香港菜 1 [Hong Kong Favourites by Chan's Kitchen 1], page 31:

Mix the light soy sauce, Worcestershire sauce, ketchup, mustard, sugar and salt together into a sauce, and leave it for use later.

baa² saang¹ cau¹, gip¹ zap¹, ke⁴⁻² zap¹, gaai³ laat⁶, tong⁴ wo⁴ jim⁴ bun⁶ wan⁴ sing⁴ zoeng³ zap¹, bei⁶ jung⁶.

把生抽、喼汁、茄汁、芥辣、糖和鹽拌勻成醬汁，備用。

把生抽、喼汁、茄汁、芥辣、糖和盐拌匀成酱汁，备用。

Worcestershire sauce
Worcestershire sauce


ζωμός

grc-noun

ζωμός • (zōmós) m (genitive ζωμοῦ); second declension

zōmós (romanization)
ζωμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ζωμός (nominative singular)
ζωμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ζωμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ζωμοῦ (genitive singular)
ζωμοῖν (dual genitive)
ζωμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ζωμῷ (dative singular)
ζωμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ζωμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ζωμόν (accusative singular)
ζωμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ζωμούς (accusative plural)
ζωμέ (singular vocative)
ζωμώ (dual vocative)
ζωμοί (plural vocative)
ὁ ζῶμος (nominative singular)
ζώμω (dual nominative)
τοὶ ζῶμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ζώμω (genitive singular)
ζώμοιν (dual genitive)
ζώμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ζώμῳ (dative singular)
ζώμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ζώμοις (dative plural)
τὸν ζῶμον (accusative singular)
ζώμω (accusative dual)
τὼς ζώμως (accusative plural)
ζῶμε (singular vocative)
ζώμω (dual vocative)
ζῶμοι (plural vocative)
ζώμος (alternative Doric)

Greek: ζωμός (zomós)

desctree

→ Arabic: زُوم (zūm)
→ Old Leonese:
Asturian: zume
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: çumo
Galician: zume
Portuguese: sumo
→ Old Spanish: çumo
Ladino: sumo
Spanish: zumo

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܙܘܡܐ (zōmā), ܙܘܡܘܣ (zōmōs)

Of unclear origin. Generally connected with ζύμη (zúmē, “leaven, beer yeast”), but the ablaut required (ō(u) : ū) is improbable. Connection with ζέω (zéō, “to ferment”) presupposes that Proto-Indo-European *yos-mo- developed into this word regularly.


חרדל

he-noun

חַרְדָּל • (khardál) m (singular construct חַרְדַּל־)

חַרְדָּל (canonical)
khardál (romanization)
חַרְדַּל־ (construct singular)

Of uncertain ultimate origin; see Arabic خَرْدَل (ḵardal).


خردل

خَرْدَل (canonical)
ḵardal (romanization)
خَرْدَلَة (feminine singulative)
خَرْدَل (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْخَرْدَل (collective definite informal triptote)
خَرْدَل (collective construct informal triptote)
خَرْدَلٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
خَرْدَلُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
خَرْدَلًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
خَرْدَلَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
خَرْدَلٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْخَرْدَلِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
خَرْدَلِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
خَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→ Middle Armenian: խարտալ (xartal)

desctree

→ Persian: خردل (xardal)
Tajik: хардал (xardal)
→ Azerbaijani: xardal
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: ख़र्दल (xardal)
Urdu: خردل (xardal)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خردل (hardal)

Turkish: hardal

→ Swahili: haradali

Uncertain, previous comparisons to an Akkadian source have been depreciated as uninformed readings; compare Hebrew חַרְדָּל (ḥardal), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic חרדלא (ḥardlā), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חַרְדְּלָא (ḥardlā), Classical Syriac ܚܪܕܠܐ (ḥardlā), and potentially Akkadian 𒄷𒊏𒁺 (/ḫurādu/, “unidentified aromatic plant possibly in reference to mustard seeds; aromatic seed or spice mix”, literally “pebbles, little stones”); perhaps connected ultimately to Proto-Semitic *ḥaraθ- (“to sow, to plant seeds, to till, to plow, to cultivate”) or Sumerian 𒌑𒄯𒄯 (/ḫarḫar/, “unidentified plant yielding seeds used as a spice”) of uncertain provenance.

cog

ar:خردل (توضيح)


خردل

Tajik: хардал (xardal)

→ Azerbaijani: xardal

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ख़र्दल (xardal)

Urdu: خردل (xardal)


خردل

ur-noun

خردل • (xardal) m (Hindi spelling ख़र्दल)

Borrowed from Classical Persian خردل (xardal), from Arabic خَرْدَل (ḵardal).


nước mắm

[nɨək̚˧˦ mam˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ mam˦˧˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ mam˦˥]

A mixture of this sauce with water, lemon juice, sugar, and various seasonings such as garlic and black pepper.


Meerrettich

de-noun

Meerrettich m (strong, genitive Meerrettichs, plural Meerrettiche)

Meerrettichs (genitive)
Meerrettiche (plural)
Meerrettich (nominative singular)
Meerrettiche (definite nominative plural)
Meerrettichs (genitive singular)
Meerrettiche (definite genitive plural)
Meerrettich (dative singular)
Meerrettichen (dative definite plural)
Meerrettich (accusative singular)
Meerrettiche (accusative definite plural)

[ˈmeː(ɐ̯)ˌʁɛtɪç]

From Middle High German merretich, from Old High German meriratih. Equivalent to Meer (“sea”) + Rettich (“radish”), from the use of Meer to mean “foreign”, as also in Meerkatze, Meerschweinchen. The fact that horseradish is most often eaten in Germany with fish is coincidental, though speakers may make that connection.
Alternative etymologies suggest that the first part of the compound is mehr (“more”, here in the sense of “greater, bigger”) or Mähre (“mare, horse”). However, the Old High German spellings clearly support the first-mentioned derivation. Eventually, this compound may go back to a phono-semantic matching of Latin armoracia.

psm

a white condiment or sauce made from horseradish, oil, vinegar, and often cream


Margarine

de-noun

Margarine f (genitive Margarine, plural Margarinen)

Margarine (genitive)
Margarinen (plural)
Margarine (nominative singular)
Margarinen (definite nominative plural)
Margarine (genitive singular)
Margarinen (definite genitive plural)
Margarine (dative singular)
Margarinen (dative definite plural)
Margarine (accusative singular)
Margarinen (accusative definite plural)

→ Hungarian: margarin


Sojasoße

Sojasoße f (genitive Sojasoße, plural Sojasoßen)

Sojasoße (genitive)
Sojasoßen (plural)
Sojasoße (nominative singular)
Sojasoßen (definite nominative plural)
Sojasoße (genitive singular)
Sojasoßen (definite genitive plural)
Sojasoße (dative singular)
Sojasoßen (dative definite plural)
Sojasoße (accusative singular)
Sojasoßen (accusative definite plural)
Sojasosse (alternative Switzerland)


nước chấm

[nɨək̚˧˦ t͡ɕəm˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕəm˦˧˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ cəm˦˥]

Any thin, salty dip used in Vietnamese cuisine, particularly nước mắm pha but also soy sauce.


Ahornsirup

Ahornsirup m (strong, genitive Ahornsirups, plural Ahornsirupe or Ahornsirups)

Ahornsirups (genitive)
Ahornsirupe (plural)
Ahornsirups (plural)
Ahornsirup (nominative singular)
Ahornsirupe (definite nominative plural)
Ahornsirups (definite nominative plural)
Ahornsirups (genitive singular)
Ahornsirupe (definite genitive plural)
Ahornsirups (definite genitive plural)
Ahornsirup (dative singular)
Ahornsirupen (dative definite plural)
Ahornsirups (dative definite plural)
Ahornsirup (accusative singular)
Ahornsirupe (accusative definite plural)
Ahornsirups (accusative definite plural)


barbecue sauce

en-noun

barbecue sauce (countable and uncountable, plural barbecue sauces)

barbecue sauces (plural)
barbeque sauce (alternative)
BBQ sauce (alternative)

A fruity, tangy, usually brown sauce, typically consisting of a vinegar or tomato base with spices and sweeteners, used as a basting sauce, marinade, or condiment, especially for barbecued meat.


nước tương

[nɨək̚˧˦ tɨəŋ˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ tɨəŋ˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ tɨəŋ˧˧]

nước (“liquid”) + back-formation from 豆漿 (“soybean”, SV: đậu tương). The back-formation is influenced by the word tương.
Compare Khmer ទឹកសៀង (tɨk siəng, “hoisin sauce”), whose elements are cognates to the Vietnamese term.


горчица

ru-noun+

горчи́ца • (gorčíca) f inan (genitive горчи́цы, uncountable, relational adjective горчи́чный)

горчи́ца (canonical)
gorčíca (romanization)
горчи́цы (genitive)
горчи́чный (adjective relational)
горчи́ца (nominative singular)
горчи́цы (genitive singular)
горчи́це (dative singular)
горчи́цу (accusative singular)
горчи́цей (instrumental singular)
горчи́цею (instrumental singular)
горчи́це (prepositional singular)

[ɡɐrˈt͡ɕit͡sə]

Ru-горчица.ogg

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gorьčica. By surface analysis, го́рький (górʹkij, “bitter”) + -ица (-ica).


горчица

Borrowed from Russian горчица (gorčica).


ajvar

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian àjvār (“ajvar, caviar”). Doublet of caviar.

bor+

A relish made principally out of red bell peppers, sometimes with eggplant, garlic and chili pepper, predominantly popular in the Western Balkans.


ajvar

àjvār (canonical masculine)
а̀јва̄р (Cyrillic)
àjvār (nominative singular)
ajvari (nominative plural)
ajvára (genitive singular)
ajvara (genitive plural)
ajvaru (dative singular)
ajvarima (dative plural)
ajvar (accusative singular)
ajvare (accusative plural)
ajvaru (singular vocative)
ajvari (plural vocative)
ajvaru (locative singular)
ajvarima (locative plural)
ajvarom (instrumental singular)
ajvarima (instrumental plural)
hàjvār (alternative)

Via metathesis from Ottoman Turkish خاویار (havyar). Doublet of kȁvijār.


dầu mè

[zəw˨˩ mɛ˨˩]

[jəw˦˩ mɛ˦˩]

[jəw˨˩ mɛ˨˩]


giấm

head

酟, 󱃗, 𲆥, 𨠲, 佔

vi-noun

酟, 󱃗, 𲆥, 𨠲, 佔


nước xốt cà chua

[nɨək̚˧˦ sot̚˧˦ kaː˨˩ t͡ɕuə˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ sok̚˦˧˥ kaː˦˩ t͡ɕuə˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ sok̚˦˥ kaː˨˩ cuə˧˧]

nước xốt (“sauce”) + cà chua (“tomato”).


dầu hàu

dầu (“oil”) + hàu (“oyster”), calque of Chinese 蠔油 /蚝油 (oyster sauce).


giấm trắng

[zəm˧˦ t͡ɕaŋ˧˦]

[jəm˦˧˥ ʈaŋ˦˧˥]

[jəm˦˥ ʈaŋ˦˥]


máslo

cs-noun

máslo n (diminutive máslíčko or másílko)

máslíčko (diminutive)
másílko (diminutive)
máslo (nominative singular)
másla (nominative plural)
másla (genitive singular)
másel (genitive plural)
máslu (dative singular)
máslům (dative plural)
máslo (accusative singular)
másla (accusative plural)
máslo (singular vocative)
másla (plural vocative)
másle (locative singular)
máslech (locative plural)
máslem (instrumental singular)
másly (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech máslo, from Proto-Slavic *maslo. By surface analysis, mazat + -slo.


saba

Musa acuminata
Musa acuminata#Translingual

A triploid hybrid banana cultivar from the Philippines (Musa acuminata × Musa balbisiana).


French dressing

en-noun

French dressing (usually uncountable, plural French dressings)

Named in the Anglophone world for the early origins, in French vinaigrettes, that inspired later versions, although the present-day conventions for the dressing's composition do not directly reflect the original French influence; more at Wikipedia. Compare french fries regarding the name mostly not reflecting any direct French influence.

Italian dressing

vinegar, oil, herbs and spices; a vinaigrette

Thousand Island dressing and Russian dressing

CREAM CHEESE AND CUCUMBER SANDWICH: On thin slices of lightly buttered brown bread spread cream cheese; over same sprinkle chopped cucumbers that have been mixed with a little French dressing. Cover with another slice of lightly buttered brown bread.

1909, Eva Greene Fuller, The Up-To-Date Sandwich Book: 400 Ways to Make a Sandwich, page 118:

A mixture of vinegar, oil and other herbs or flavourings (vinaigrette).

ranskalainen salaattikastike

(US) A salad dressing that is a uniform viscous sauce with a tangy sweet flavor. It is generally made from vegetable oil, vinegar, ketchup (or tomato puree), water, paprika, other spices, and sweeteners.

(Canada) A salad dressing that is a uniform viscous sauce with a tangy sweet flavour. It is generally made from vegetable oil, vinegar, mustard, honey, water, and spices.